ML19350C756

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Hardness Measurements of Anchor & Connection Studs Securing Reactor Coolant Pump Snubbers at Midland Plant Units 1 & 2
ML19350C756
Person / Time
Site: Midland
Issue date: 01/28/1981
From:
TELEDYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES
To:
Shared Package
ML19350C753 List:
References
TR-4599-3, NUDOCS 8104060666
Download: ML19350C756 (100)


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"# TELEDYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES c

TECHNICAL REPORT c

TECHNICAL REPORT TR-4599-3 l

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HARDNESS MEASUREMENTS OF ANCHOR AND CONNECTION STUDS SECURING REACTOR COOLANT PUMP SNUB 8ERS AT MIDLAND PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 t

JANUARY 28, 1981 610.4 0 6 0(o(,G

i CONSUMERS POWER COMPANY 1945 W. PARNALL ROAD i

JACKSON, MI 49201 i

i TECHNICAL REPORT TR-4599-3 l

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f HARDNESS MEASUREMENTS OF ANCHOR AND CONNECTION STUDS SECURING REACTOR COOLANT PUMP SNUBBERS

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'I AT MIDLAND PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 l

JAltVARY 28, 1981 l,

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TM NM f

303 BEAR HILL ROAD l

WALTHAM, M ASSACHUSETTS 02154 617-890-3350 o

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TN Technical Report TR-4599-3 1

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INTRODUCTION Consumers Power Company (CP) requested Teledyne Engineering Services (TES) to conduct hardness measurements on anchor and connection studs securing reactor coolant pump =aubbers at their Midland Plants 1 and 2.

f The locations of the studs are shown on Bechtel drawings, References 1 and l

2.

II. CONCLUSION The raw data sheets presenting the results of the hardness measure-ments corrected for the direction of impact can be found in Appendix II along with calibration checks taken at frequent intervals.

II

I. PROCEDURE

The hardness measurements were obtained through the use of an Equotip hardness tester, Serial No. 24.189, manuf actured by Proceq SA, Zurich, l

Switzerland.

j i;

The hardness readings were obtained by Mr. Richard C. Greeno aided by lf Mr. Albert W. Alenxander, following TES' TEP 3-003, see Appendix I, except that the hardness data were recorded on sheets provided by Bechtel. The f

hardness readings were obtained during the day and evenings of Friday, Saturday and Sunday, 21 through 23 November 1980.

lijj The Equotip hardness tester was calibrated in accordance with Section 4.1 of TEP 3-003 which references Section 6.1 performance check of the ll l!

Equotip operating instructions which describe the use of the test block.

li The test block which came with TES' Equotip hardness tester is identified as D7.79 and which has. inscribed on one edge its hardness of L = 839 6.

As can be seen on the data sheets reporting the calibration or performance checks, all readings on the standard test block were well within the

. expected tolerance band 6 hardness numbers on the L scale.

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WF M l

ENGEEERNG SERVICES l.

Technical Report l

TR-4599-3 f

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l APPENDIX 1 i

TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE TEP 3-003 f

USE OF THE EQU0-TIP PORTABLE HARDNESS TESTER AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE EQUO-TIP HARDNESS TESTER f

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L "RTELEDYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL ENGIN' 2 RING PROCEDURE TITLE:

TEP 003 PAGE 1 REV.

O REY.

j Use of the Equo-Tip 0 RIG. AM ORIG.

i Portable Hardness Tester m

_l Q.A.

Q.A.

,l ENG. AS. M ENG. AS.

f DATE f/Jo/JPO DATE

y SECTION DESCRIPTION REV.

i 1.0 SCOPE l

fh 1.1 This procedure provides the method of performing hardness tests using the Equo-Tip Portable Hardness Tester.

t L

2.0 APPLICATION 2.1 The latest revision of the following documents is applicable:

TEP-1-007 Engineering Change Notice ll 5 l;

TEP-6-003 Calibration of Testing, Instrumentation I

and Measuring Equipment ll

!.y TEP-6-008 Issuance and Retrieval of Controlled Equipment

y TEP-8-002 Qualification Req
iirements for Mechanical Sys-l.

tems Inspection Ptrsonnel

?

Operating Instructions Equo-Tip Hardness Tester.

t 1

2.2 The following personnel responsibilities apply:

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Project Manager - Implementation of the requirements of this procedure as applicable to a specific project.

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9tTF1 FnYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE

. i; TITLE:

TEF 003 PAGE 2 REV.

O REY.

ORIG. %

ORIO.

_ fS Use of the Equo-Tip Portable Hardness Tester Q.A.

Q.A.

ENG. AS M ENG. AS.

DATE #fo/Bo DATE

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SECTION DESCRIPTION REV.

Jh b)

User - Conformance with reautrements of this procedure.

i 2.3 Persnnnel shall be certified as Mechanical Systems Inspectors, u

3.0 EQUIPMENT 3.1 The'following equipment is normally used in the performance of hardness tests:

fh a)

Equo-T'ip Portable Hardness Tester, Serial No.24-189, with

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Type D indenter, DS, and/or D6A Support Ring, 07.79 Cali-bration Block and Coupling Paste.

j b)

Hand-held electric disc sander.

I c)

Sanding discs of various grit up to 120.

d)

Soft, clean wipe cloths.

7 3.2 The use of additional equipment may be authorized by the Project

?

Manager and shall be documented on an Enginee-ing Change Notice h

(ECN).

4.0 METiDD 4.1 Calibration Perform a check of calibration in accordance with Section 6.1 of the Operator's Manuai. Calibration must be performed before and

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TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE TITLE:

TEP 003 PAGE 3 l!

REV.

O REY.

,O Use of the Equo-Tip ORIG. bM ORIG.

jd Portable Hardness Tester Q.A.

QA

'l ENG. AS. 8 M ENG. AS.

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DATE DATE 4

g SECTION DESCRIPTION REV.

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af ter each set of tests, or 100 impacts, whichever comes first.

4.2 Surface Preparation The surf ace to be tested must be prepared in accordance with Section 7.1 and 7.2 of the Operators Manual.

Adequate surface finish can be obtained by using a succession of 40, 80, and 120 grit papers in the sander.

h 4.3 Method of Operation a)

Conduct tests in accordcace with Sections 4 and 5 of the Operaters Manual.

4

  • W For tests on vertical or overhead surfaces, apply the cor-b) rection f actors to the measured

'L' values found in Tables

>9 1-8 of the Operators Manual.

Permissable ambient temperature range:

+5 C to +50 C.

4.5 A copy of the Operators Manual is included as Enclosure (1) to this procedure.

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"RTF1 FnYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE TITLE:

TEP 003 PAGE 4 REV.

O REV.

ORIG.

hM OW2.

Use of the Equo-Tip Portable Hardness Tester Q.A.

Q.A.

ENG.AS.f3##

ENG. AS.

DATE 7/]s39 DATE O

SECTION DESCRIPTION REY.

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5.0 RECORDS 5.1 All original data sheets shall be recorded in red ink or other such distinguishing color that will enable discernment by TES of the originals from Xeroxed copies.

i'h 5.2 Sample data sheet is included as Enclosure (2) to this pro-cedure.

l 5.3 Routing of the completed data sheets shall be as follows:

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Originals Project Manager (ii) Copies As directed by the Project Manager.

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SPTELEDYNE ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE TITLE:

TEP 003 PAGE 5 REV.

O REV.

I ORIG. M ORIG.

O.

I Use of the Equo-Tip Q*A*

Q*A*

Portable Hardness Tester ENG. AS. //>MP ENG. AS.

.i DATE 1/Ao/A0 DATE h

SECTION DESCRIPTION REY.

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Enclosure (1)

Operr. ting Instructions Equo-Tip Hardness Tester k

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1. EQUOTIP Hardness Tester-Designation of the Individual Parts
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Electronic Ind!cator Dovice 4

impoet Device D 1 Digital display of the hardness value 1.

D1 1.oeding tube i

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2 Dallory checking instrument D2 Guide tube i st 3 On Off switch D3 Coll holder i

fL1s, 4 Connection socket for the Impact device D4 Release button 5 Connection socket for printor D5 Connection cable leadtng to the Indicator device t

6 Cover for tho battery holder D6 g Largo or small support ring 7 Su:ponsion cycle's

'DGa I with rubberpad J

B Cover for tho impact device compartment 1-

-Wial.

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" Contents of the Carrying Case (Standard Accessortes)'

- 1 Electronic indicator dovice

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tmpact body with

- t impact devico D w!!hlar00 support ring i

f J tungsten carbide

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- 1 Small support rind 3-

- 1 Standard lost block spherical test t!p

- 1 Con of coupilnD paste 6-E i

-3 00tterlos g_gg

- 1 Cloaning brush y

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) l Typlest fields of appucation for the EQUOTIP hardness tester are hard.

j 2.The EQUO-Measuring Method

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.nass tests upon large, heavy or poorly accessible workpleces. It is The hardness measuromont carried out with the EQUOTIP hardness

. espectatly usefulin those Instances where the static hardness testin'g I i j,;

tester is o dynamic method predicated upon the principle of energy procedures cannot be employed or are uneconom! cal.The hardness test can be carried out directly at the alte where the workplece is.

"I measurement.

~ located and in any random pos!!!on.

l (EQUO - Enorgy - QuQtient) tg During a hardness tost an impact body equipped with a tungsten?

q carbide spherical tost tip Impacts under spring force against the test '

. Exemples of Fields of Appucation.

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surface and rebounds therefrom.The impact and rebound velocities

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- Hardness measurements at mass produced parts

- Hardness tests st installed machines or ateel constructices are measured in a contactless manner, specifically at that moment In time when the tungsten carbide-spherical test tip ls located approxt.

- Rapid testing of many measuring areas for examin!ng the hardness course overlargerregions k

mately 1mm from the test surface.This is accompIlshed by means of

- Control nessurements fo'r the rap!d determination of a certaln thermal 1

'1 a permanent magnet mounted in the impact body which, during the treatment, e.g. annealed,or quenched and tempered 1:st impact, moves through a coll and Induces electrical voltages during

- Checking of workplaces whenever the Indentation should be as sma5 the forward and rearward movements, which are proportional to the l

velocities. The measutoment values derived from the Impact-and as possibfo and should not possess aharp edges, e.g.at ro!!s or ground rebound velocitios aro processed in the Indicator dovice into the hard-surfcces of machine components.

a f L n:ss voluo or numbort..

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4. Operating the instrument o

l 3.Ficids of Application 4.1Indlcalor Device The EQUOTIP hardness'tostoris used for the rap!d dotermination of the

- Connoct the impact device and tum on the instrument. At the digital disploy window thoro wul then oppo ar 3 zeros and the battery che ck!ng

l' hardness of metallic matorials.

indicator will movo within the groon floid.

If the bottorios aro discharged then no digital display appears and Far steot and cost stcol (E-Modules approx.210000Nimm')

the Indicator w!!! be in the red field.in the event of insufficient power -

l Range of the t.value Equivalent static Indentation the digital display automatically extinguishes.Thus, erroneous meas-utomonts due to lnsufficiently charged bettertes are imposs!ble.

i s - Af ter tuming-on the Instrument wait 5 seconds until carrying out the 200-700 00 440 o I(F 30 D')

300-090

.60-040 Vickers k first test.For all subsequent tests no watting time is required.

500-890 20- 60 RockwellC

? - The m!ntrnum ambie nt te mpe rature is + 5' C.Who never the Instrume nt L

For cast ofum!num a!!oys (E-Modulus 05000-85000N/mm')

> ls stored at a temperature below +5'C 11 should be suff!clentry Y

200-560 30-160 Brino!! (F-10 D')

warmed-up before it ts placed into operation.

f Floids of app!! cation for other groups of materials are being continuously ~

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oxplorod. Appropricto conversion values are being worked out and I

pub!!shed from caso to caso.

. Materials possessing a hardness greater than 940HVor68HRCrespeo -

-o tively, for Instanco tungsten carbido, should not be tested (destruction r

of the sphericcitesttip).

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5. Perform:nco cf ths H:rdn:s2 Test

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4.21mpact Devico t a surfaco M me wdp% acco@g to e procpuros to r a e the im et device upon ths recommendedin Section 7.1.

test surface.fhe hand holding the b) Observe the recommendations of Sect!on 7.2 concoming m'ounting i

device than rests upon the work-i ploce.'

of the samples.

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,'t this check overy 500 lmpacts..

c) Carry out the performance choc discussed in Section,6.1. Repeat j

,,s 5.2 Hardnese Teet 4

I U ' ~rg:_. y*~l a) Operale the instrument according to Ssetton 4.

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0 Q.i b) Number of impacts per measuring area.

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Each measuring area shwld be tested by at least 2 to 5 lingsets,

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Ca n out the ch reing..

~ Form an average value from the measured Individual values of the t

' hardness value L. Only pne Impact should be carried out at the f

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Depress the chargingtube withthe

. same Impact point.

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other hand until contact is felt and.

  • With deviations of more than *15 L-un!!s at the same measuring l

?.~' '. then a!!owit to again slowly return

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Into the starting position. Th8 area, check whether the surface of the sample has been adequately ground orif the sample yloids durlag the testimpact.

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c) Minimum spacing of the impact points

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l Average spacing between twolmpacts

>3.0mm Average spacing from sam.ple or workplece edge

>3.0mm

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5.3 Evaluation j

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The impact dovice is calibrated for the vertical impact direction g

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g Triggering the testimpact Fig.3 (Impact from the top towards the bottom).With other impact direc-g pr s ur up n tbs r le se t i Ho 9 a e-t[ht.

button.The device must be press-s h 'd Corrections for Other impact O!rections y

b fact en cu r o the tos[

surface. he support ring must Measured -

Subtract from the 7

. g 4-snugly bear agrJost the surface of L value measured Lwalue 26

- the workplace.

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300 24 22

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500 10 gg,

600 7, 9.

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Read off thehardnese gg 1

, value L Fig.4 yoo j

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readyIorthe nexttost.TheIndient-is extin-(

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gutshes with the fo!!ow Intertnediate Impact direct!ons should be !!nearly interpolated.

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I' 6.2 Maintenance of theimpact Device b) Hardness Value L as the Direct Hardnoss Measuramont ll Wdh regard to a certain group of materials the hardness value L The device does not require any particular care other than cleaning t

constitutes a direct hardness measure and can be used as such the impact body and the guide tube after performing approx!matefy l

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(see SecUon 8.1). In this way it is possible to optimumly utlilze the

- 1000 to 2000 tests.

extreme accuracy of the EQUO method.

. During cleanlag the 'ollo*Ing procedures are to be observed: [.N.

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At a corialn expenso la the measuremo'nt accuracy it is possible

- Support ring is to be dismantfod and the impact body removed from?

4 i c) Determ! nation of Static Hardness Numbers the guide tube to convert the hardness value LInto equivalent hardness numbers.

4.'

_ - Clean off any dirt and metalDo dust from the impact body and the -

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according to Brinell, Vickers or Rockwon C. in th!s regard reference p

pherica! test Up

  • . 4.-

- Clean the guide tube with the special brush provided for th!s purpose is to be made to the corresponding conversloi. curves and tables -

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1 Never apply oli to the impact device.'

Inthe Appendix.

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iJ 6.PerformanceCheckandMaintenanceof thelnstrument

7. Treatment of the Samples l

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E 7.1 Preparation of the Surface 6.1 Performance Check The sampfes must possess a metall!c smooth, ground surface at the The performanco check serves for the me chan! cal end etectrorJc control l

measuring area ln order to enminate erroneous measurement brought-of the impact device and the Indicator c4vico. it is accompushed by l.

l about by course grinding orfathe-scoring.The roughness of the ground mossuring the hardness value L of the standard test block. Apart from surface should not exceed the following value:

the roforence L-value there appears at tho star'.dard test block also its Roughness depth R <10pm (DIN 4762) directly monsured Vickers hardness.

A = CLA = AA

< 2pm (correspond!ng to roughness j

Carrying Out the Performance Check classificatica N7 according to

- Clean impact device according to Section 6.2 ISOIR 1302)

- Perform the impact test at the standard lost block. Usuany t io 2 test A = average roughness value (Gormany)

Erapacts are suff;clent. The spacing of the impact locations from CLA = conter Ene-average value (Great Britaln) l.

the edge of the block should hmount to at least 5mm.

s n AA = arithmetical average (t!SA)

- Road-off the hardnoss value L and compare !! with the reference j

l

!;During preparaUon of the surface 11la to be observe'd that possibfy L-valuo.Tho instrumentis function!ng properly when eoch measured -

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} the condition of the materfal(0.g. due to hosting of cold workhp) and L value fa!!s w!!hin the reference range, i

i' therefore also the hardness isin!!uenced.lf the surface isinadequately With dovlations which onceed 112 L-units fram the reference L va*ue *f the Instrument no longer should be used std must be returned to the prepared then the fo!!owing phenomens exisl:

I manufacturer for servicing.With smaller deviations the L value can'be

- surfaces wh!ch are too rough produce L values which are too aman corrected, until the next service,in accordance with the fo!!owing (the actual hardness is greater than that measured) and large devi-i.

aHons of the Individualvalues.

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- cold worked surfaces produce toolarge l values (the actuethardness'

!5 equation:

L, m

.-m fl La

=co rect d t.value 7.2 Supporting the Sarmples durfng Testing For samples having a place welght greater than 5kg and of compact

= toad-off L value during testing a sample f

L

= refotonco vatuo from standard test blocit shape,no particular measuree need be fotfowed.

Lrer Lectue = actual vatuo whan carrying out measurement operation at the In the case of samplos having a place wofght below D; the follow!ng I

tost tilock Is to be observed:

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The fol(owing Illustrates an ex. -

j bpon impact of the impact body against the workpfece and notwith-

[-h emple of C upHng and test!ng a,

i stend!ng small mass of the Impact body and smaR impact energy.

  • smatsample upon abase prate-f!

thIre is produccd a rather large trnpact forca (about 600 N for hardoned App!! cation of the coupGng p sto4.'

tool steels), even though it is only bricfly eflective. S naller and lighter s.mples or workpieces are moved by this force or tend to resillonUy

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ylcid, producing 1.-values which are tod smate and extremely large d;vlations. Even in tne case of large and heavy workplaces it is pos..,

sible for th!n-wall regions or thinner protruding pute to yield upon,

.et.

i

. impact.Therefore dependinguponthefrequencyof theresH'ontyloiding -

I action there may be measured too small ot too large t. values.

in the following mannert N,,, i

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,.y firmly press g the sample against lf Such workpieces or sampfes can be however tested in many instances

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1 Robbing to otherboth parts wh!!e '

Fig.8

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. a) Samplos having a piece weight between 2 to Skg and also heavier M./

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,f sampics with protruding parts or thin-walls should be placed upon i'

a solid support in a mannor such that during the test impact they g

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b) Samplos of a piece weight below 2 kg should be rigidlyinterconnected j

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by ' coup!!ng' with a non-yleiding support, for instance a heavy base

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.f plate. Clamping in a vice for Instance is to be avoided, alace, on l

! J the one hand. the samples are thus exposed to stress and, on the l l other hand, nonotholess, never complotely rigidly clamped. As a '

Fig.9 j

general rule there would be produced too sman t.-values with large Testing i'

devlations.

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l For coupling purposea there la to be app!!ed a thin layer of a coupling F

s paste to the contact surface of the sample.Thereafter,the sample should be pressed firmly against the surface of the base plate and

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j moved in a circular rnotion (rubbing together of both parts). The }

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coupiln3 has been entried out properly if there is still no metallic

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contact betwcon both parts. During testing the impact occurs so P

d quickly that the thin layer does pot have any time to give.The sample 4

g and the support behave as if they were absolutely rlgldly Inter-y For the coupling operatton the fo!!owing prerequisltes must be ful-h f

s connected.

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filled:

- The contact surface cf the semple and the surface of the base A particular advantage of coupDog is the poss!b!!!!y of obtalning a very I

ptote must be !!at, plano para!!et and ground.

- The direction of the test impact must be perpendicular to the uniform rig!d connection between the sample and the support and 4

. toteHy e!!minating stresses at the surface of th6-sample.Hence, during coupled surfaco, f"

-The samp43 should have a shape as compact as poss!ble and testing,there occur very srnati deviations.

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rnust wel;iit ci tonst 100 grams and be at least 5 mm thick.

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ep 8.SpecialCharacteristics of the EQUO-Measuring-I W

important Instructions Method -

- Proporcoupling regulros a certaln amount of oupertence. Inadequately 8.1The HordaessVefue L t.

coupled samples produce larDo dev!allons ol the Individual values,

. This auprassion,which ts totally novel for hardnes L-values which are too low and a scratchy sound duftn0 ost Impact.

l

- Even with properly coupted samples, as a general rule, there appear body multipned by the factor 1000.The term L value is the abbreviation.

somewhat larger deviations of the Individual values and also greater 1

I doviallons during the conversion into indentation hardness nur..bers for'LEEBNatue',inhonorof theinventorof thismeasurementtechn!que,,

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DiplAng.. ietmarLeeb.1

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I thanif there are tested workpleces of sufficient weight 9',.*#

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7.3 Samples with' Curved SurfacesThe tester only then functions property when the It'ipact body, at the '

~'

W Since the impact velocity re.nelne constant for a Ofven impact d this value le prep rtional to the rebound velocity.The rebound veloc!ty nt of impact aGatnst the toat surfa'ce, has a corialn position.In-t mo to the normal position, automatically present when losting flat and b

convex-cyundrfcal sarr ples (e.g. round samples), the spherical test I!p

{$

8 la located exactly at the end of the guide tube.lf, however, there are 3pg,g grom the hardness respectively strength the measurement value

'i sted*

c l

I tested bottow sphericallike surfaces or concave cyttndrical surfaces.

is also influenced by the modulus of elasticity as wett as by the elastic then the impact body, upon impact, remalns further within the gulde timit rospectively yleid pointThe hardness value lthereforo constitute s

{

)

tubo or protrudes further therefrom. Thus, with sach type curved sur-a charactorfsticvalue of the plastic gngl elastic behavior of the ratorial, y

facton am automadceny c@Uy messed.

the.

.Regarding the elastic properties tiv, a is particularly important s ce it va s ladi a la g e St.. 'ofy curved surfaces always should be tested with the smallaupport influence cf the E-modulus,its efract is perceivable in terms of the fact i

o 8

i that with matertals of the same static hardness,but difforcnt magn!!udr.

4 i of the E-modulus, the material with the sma!!er E modulus produces a largor Lvalue. For Instance, a steel sample (E-modulus about j

[

210000Nimm') with a Brine!! hardness of 150 possesses an Lvalue rig,to of 410. en aluminum sample (E-modutus about 70000Nhr.m') of the i

s some Brtnellhardness of 150 has ar L value of 640.

l Since the 'etastic properties' diffor from one raatertal to the other..

7 -- ']'

{'

'}

j.

the hardness value t. only then forms a.dtreet hardness measure,

]p'{![.f.lQ/[)%@)}2 Ifit is related to a certain group of malertafs.

l Genera!!y speaking, the hardness value 1.can o e

):

)

@@M.",. ra;.

j-0

%q j -.

sinco with static hardness testing procedures.In contrast to the EQUO-l itL.c.T t:7.MS method, there aro predominantly only moasured the plastic proporties f r" tic '

cI '

~

<r s

In the bohavior of the materfal, 6

gy Croup!ng the different types of metals in terms of their E-rnedulus, 0'

at!oys and trontment,it is possible for pract! cal applications to form In the co'se of smaller radit there Is required a specfal support ring n

estremoty usable convoiston curves for converston of the hardness j

ij which can i)e do!!<ored upon request.

o values or numbers.

g j

k i

i 14

(

6

,j g

4%T41}MDIR2( M4Wdtmu2fty 'ggaf tkMaw 3gpr.regpgy..

g q -g%-

JEN T m -

~ W _ ' = ~ ~.

~

~

g

~~

8.3 Techn! cal Data concerning the EQUOTIP Hardness Tt stor lncluding

~

8.2 constructicq of the Impact Device 4

O

?,

the Impact Device D j'Tl Condition et the Instant of Triggering the

' J c Measurement Accuracy I

Impact (impact spring stressod)"

- 1 3'

. a)When using the hardness value L as the.d! rect hardness number.

= average measurement deviation of the L-va'>to upon repetition, 4.

{

[5 l

}

of Individual measuromants at the sams measurement locations: '(

'i

. i 0.8% (related to L = 800)

! q i

or max.i 6 L-units.

l b) Upon conversion of the hardness number L Into statto indentation J

The device should not be disassembled, l

hardness numbers otherwise there may occurmlsadjustments

(

of the sprin0 system and the transmitter.,10

.[

. conversion deviations depending upon measurement range:

{

k i 3 toi12%

(see conversion curves and tables in the Append!r).

.c O

i j-

.h t

e s

Data Concerning impact Device D - '

f.

D1

~

1-a{yh Mass of the impact body:

m= 5.5 grams i

Leading tube l

D2 Guide tubo Impact energy:-

E - 11.0 N,mm = (0.011kgmtseo-8)

-q Diameterof thespher'cattesttip: d =3.0mm q

D3 Collholderwlth eoll j

D4 Release button Motorla!of tne sphericallesttipr fungsten carbide of a hardness of

,1 DS Connection cable leading to the In-approx.1600HV g

dicator devico l

,f

. !I

, l Smatiorlarge support ring Dattery Power Pack:

3 single battery cells eech t.5vo;ts a

11 1

N D7 Impact body Durollon of operation with a sot ibatterlos at 20*C:

approximately 50 hours5.787037e-4 days <br />0.0139 hours <br />8.267196e-5 weeks <br />1.9025e-5 months <br /> s

D9 pa t s rin t p ur noo:

.+ 5* C lo + 50* C 1-I i.

Printer connection:

present Ca c chuc 2

D12 Matorialto be tested t

8

. DImonstone and Weights impact device D:

9 20mm. length 150 mm, weight approx.75 grams,

,3 -

length of the conneetton cable 150cm..

.~

j Indicator dev!ce:

245x112mm

- (-

weight with batterlos the of the support rings Large ring: for allstandard situations appt x.

O grama for more exact placement of' 6/6a-]

[ -1S---

825x250x185mm h

Smatt ring:

Cartyln2 case:

the IndividualIrnpacts and for weight with standard accessories y

d testing markedly curvod sur-approx. 6800 grams.

i faces (soo Section 7.3).

o

[I m

10 4

1 hMMMF6TMiWMdNgye;gyggggggggpAggggg g

L ]

p aar '

I surface and thus simulate too crest hardness. Those stools only

9. Conversion Values between L-Value and Static should be lasted over thol{ cross-section.

Hardness Nurnbers

- Surface hardened, especla!!y however casehardened steels produce

' loo lowl values because of theit soft core.

As an appendix to these Operating Instructions there are attached

- With high-speed steels, hot work steels and ledeburitic chrom!um : + '

stools (carbide rich group of cold work stoets) a localIncrosse of,,.-

cerves and tables providing conversion values betwoon the hardnoss

'I valuo L and the static Indentation hstdnoss values HB, HV and HRC.

ths E modulus is caused by the hard sJbstences embedded in the '.]

In order to produce theso conversion curves hardness fests wore r'intrix (todoburitic tungston carb!do e.g. of the type M7C3 and M6C).; ;.;-

l jl j

l carried out according to all four hardnoss testing proceduros upon a Thoreby too small L values are produced.

large number of stool and aluminum samples as well as upon standard /

- When testing mognetic materials tho velocity transmitterin thc fmp act i

tost blocks to be used for hardness losting machines. Thon the ob.

body is briefly influenced by their magnetto fleid, so that s!!ght

.l

!l

,s tained measurement values were processed with the method of feast de viations can existin the measured t.-value.

squares (non-Ilnear rcgrossion) into the Individual conversion curves.

j.

c

.j I

I g.1 Valld!!y of the Values of the Curvos andTables 3'.

~

9.3 tnaccuracios esused by Converifon The converston of mutual hardness values is basica!!y associated with Valucs for steol and cast ste el(E-modulus epproximately 210000 N/mm') -

Inaccurucles.This is not only so for the converston of the '.-values into The values are valid for unalloyed and low alloy steels and cast stool stalle kdcMon hardness numbers, but also for the conversion of the In hot rolled and thorma!!y treated condition..

l For the Drinell hardness the test was carried out with the load factor static Indentation hardness numbers among themselves. Thus, during C

the conversion, the measurement deviations of both hardness testing.

3 j

F-30 D procedures can odd to one another. Additionally, there is no clear.-

i F -Testload physicalcorrelationwhich exists between the individuat hardness testing D - Ball diamator f

Values for cast aluminum alloys (E-modulus 65000-85000 N/mm')

procedures.

f For the datormlnation of the conversion curves there were employed s

tho following cast alloys in a non-hoat troated and a quenchod and 9.4 Producing Conversion Curves at the Plant I

temperod condition:

Tho occuracy during convers!on can be improvod If, for those types Abbreviation Abbreviation of motorlots which are frequontly ut!!!zod, Individual curves are worked according to DIN 1725 cecording to VSM 10095 out at the plant or workshop.

The types of material, oport from being grouped in terms of their G AISill corresponds approx.

G AISit2 E-modulus, also can be groupod togother with respect to their yfold G AISIOMO corresponds opprox.

G A!Sil0Mg f

G-AISl7MgT1 corresponds approx. -

G A!SISMg s.

point or alloy type.

G-A!CuSTI corresponds approx.

G-A!Cu4TI When producing conversion curves the fol!owing points are to be i i G-AICuSMgTI corresponds approx.

G-A!Cu4TIMg observed:

Tho DrInell test was carried out with the load factor F-100'.

- The sample surface must be prepared extremely careful!y ii l

The converston values are'elso approximately valid for malleable afu*

- The sample dimensjons,;f possible, should be chosen to be so large j

mlnum blioys.For some ntroys,such os forinstance Al-Mn and Alcu4Mg1.2, that no coup!!ng is needed.,

- The correct road-outof the EQtJOTIP hardness tasterls to be checko thoto must bo reckonod with tar 0er dovlations.

for occh serlo of monsuromonts at the hardness standard test block, 9.2 Dovlations from the Converston Values occur in the following

- The function of the static hardnoss losting machine and the corroct g

situations:

optical evaluation of the Indentations is to be chocked for each *

,f p

- With high alloy and/or cold worked stects as we!! as austentt!o steels!

anossurement sorle with the help of the standard test block of the

- Drawn and also la part rolled stools frequently load to too large

,l :

- ~ ~ ' "

corresponding measuring range,

,{

L-values.due to the pronounced cold worked regions near to the S

p

~

10

~

l

,[

pe

(

t

U JF q

L I

s cupport samf'e

.sampla is insufft-

.clently supported according to l [,

- Only such hardness values should be correlated to one another which directly neighbor one another at the relevant measuring aros.

Section 7.2 J.j

' As th9 basis for a pair of values there always should be employod cn avIraDe value formed of at Icast 10 L-values and at least 3 static large localhard- "

h (1

- sample exhibits L'.

indentation values.

ness differences l

f e.g. at the transition l

frorn the'weldirig

-7 y

. ; i;.

. i-

  • seem to the base

' ' ~

t-matertal'

' ~ [*

bee ch god

  • O 10.R: cognition of Disturbances

'between the Phin:meno Cause Possible Individualimonets l

Corrective Measures.

i values at the

-tmpact device cleantmpactdevice l

Na digital read out

- dead batteries standard test block.

contaminated according to; p

Section 6.2 j

- battertes improperly constantly toolow l

appears poled i correct defact

- spherical test tip replace impact l'

- no batte'rtes in

. cracked (e.g.due

, body 2

?he holder to impact against.

-Indicator device tungsten carbide) j too cold (tem-warm up device.

- support ring does replace support

}

i peraturo G5'C) not have rubber ring i

Digital display does

-poor cablo contact plug in cable com '

pad er cable broken plately, or even pos-t.-values at the spherical test tip replace impact n21 move sibly replace caNo standard test block

. flattened (Impact body

-the tested material constantly too high against tungsten n

carbide, wear) is extremely

- atendard test plate replace standard homononous da'naged or fullel test block i

j

~Ns impact occurs

-Impact body is not s

indentations orimproperly correct defect r

located in the

, impact de'vice 1

-Impact body does

. service the catch ~

l chuck or release not release or i

cannot bo londed mechanism

' Marked deviation of

- measuring aroa proporo sample g

Individual L-values cr inadequatoff according to l

't values constantly prepared Section 7.1 too low

- the tosted materla!.

o I

jl l

,ls oxtremely inhome. -

Donous or porous 3

rD W :

t M

K '-l 20 my m.wmm cmmm;meigmMyppgggg!rg/@gggggggggggggggg

~~

MI

{

n Tablel Steel and Cast Steet.

Stect and Cast Stcol' Table 1 (E-Modulus 210000N/mm')

~ *'

l (E-Modulus 210000N/mm')

Conversion Cu'rve t,Velue -Vic'ters Hardness !!mpact Device D)

C;nystston Curvo L-Value - BrIno!! Hardness (Impact Device D)

Validity of Curvo:

(

  • i.t,,

Validity of Curve:

- for steel and cast steel types as listed in Section 0.1.

i :

- for stoel and cast steel types as Dsted in Section 9.1

. for vertical lmpact direStion (from top towarcs bottom)

(t

+.

- for vorticalimpact directiort (from top towards bottom)

\\

e r

', p'.

[.,.

,eco

  • ) 7-j l

g

~

~~

~

~~

~

. /l[

a p)--

/-

v

=

/

1l -

g/----

l

,G,

),l k*

..- 3 l

ff ni ff-

=

=

,sco

) /

t y

///

. I g

.,\\

f g

~-.

f

~

~

1 W

g.c'n

- :,emon Range.

gsaa

-convorWantsevisoon sense-3

,st g

~

t

--96gg m 3s p?

=

y----

3 g

---y m

l f(jl f

soo 400 soo eco roa eco eco

,co 8

Hanfaoss Wtue 1.

i Deviation of the curve Corrections for otherimpact b

s' valuesin comparison-directions l

I to direct Yckers ensured q Subtra rm i

Deviat!cn of the curve Corrections for otherIrnpact t

hardness testing vituos in comp'arison diroctions l

HV Deviation.

300 24 to ditoct Brinell from in HV hardnoss testing Measured Subtract from j

400 22 levatuo q measured L value Irvslue 20 500 I

600 10 19 0

100 i 10 hom

)f 24 300 19 t.-value 400 22 200 1 13 700 18 500 10 20 300 i 16 800 8

80 t 10 000

' 1g 400 1 20 090 16 l

i Intermediately located Impact directions 1

I t

300 1 10 Intermediately located impact directions 890 1 60 should be Dnearty interpolated 400 1 20 should be l.'noarly Intorpolated

(

l.

y

[

{

4 22 l

E I

WMMnWMMtMMMMMRivemmggAcagMRHggtgggggggg dgj

J a.

m

~

j i

Ta6!0'4

Tab!O 3 Stoct and Cast Stoct (E-Modulus 65000-85000N/mm')

I (E-Modulus 210000 N/mm')

Conversion Curve L-Vatus - Brtrie!! Hardness (Impact Device D)

Conversion Curvo L-Value - Rockwell C Hardness (Impact Dov!co D)

.~.

Valldity of Curve

- for aluminum and cast aluminum alloys as !!sted in Seetion 9.1 W11dityof Curve:

- for steel and cast stoct types as listed in Section 9.1

- for verticalimpact direction (from top towards bottom) 1

- for verticallmpact direction (from top towards bottom) ea I

-4

,y A9

?

. ?_,

'l

~

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f(Q,Z_

~

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q

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_ [.

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{ ion 2y 7 ls p' -

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c.

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y 7

4 :.a eae.*= %..

- 7

- s7 7-j L.

_ ht

/

l" gy-_-

7 y/

j y -

Q 1

eco eco

)

_/

a soo soo N

. 2-m Haronosfwwt, Corroctions for otherimpact Corrections for cthorimpact

._Dovintion of tha curve Deviation of the curvo.

directions votues in comperison values in comparison directions s.

i 2

to direct r II Measured Subtract from d:

to direct Rockwell te sured q

26 measured L vatuo Subtra rm hardness tosting Lvalue HRC Deviation 20 HD Deviation h

24 from in HS 22 from in HR C 500 19

_ value 400 10 L

20 L-valuo 600 1

700 10 30 iO 500 19 _

to 50 i9 560 20 4

.l 30 oya, 9,,

gh Intermodlatoly located impact directions Intermediately located impact directions should be linearly Interpolatod 40 ontire range

(

12 150 1 15 should be linearly intorpofated l

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TECHNICAL ENGINEERING PROCEDURE PAGE TITt.E:

TEP 003 21

REV, O

REV.

ORIG. M ORIG.

L.

Use of the Equo-Tip Portable Hardness Tester Q.A.

Q.A.

ENG. AS. d P>ilD ENG. AS.

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Enclosure (2)

Sample Data Sheet

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Witnessed By Date EQUO-TIP HARDNESS SURVEY DATA SHEET

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Calibration Block Tests (Before)

Checked By:

Date L

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25 50 l 75 100 Calibration Block Tests (Af ter)

t WTELED(hE ENGNEERNG SEmOES Technical Report TR-4599-3 i

t' s

APPENDIX II DATA SHEETS OF STUD HARDNESS AND TEST BLOCK CHECKS OF THE EQU0-TIP HARDNESS TESTER 1

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~ '#PTA NE Tested By NM:' Date %Z.#/d/ 87) NO toitnessed By ~1. _ Date 21 M.Id G EQUO-TIP HARDNESS SURVEY DATA SHEET TEP-3-003 Calibration Block Tests (Before) 73d (Jf .f'9 4. Surface Preparation Completed, Checked By: /4.!?A4/A Date F-2 2 -fC 7M Sample Identification: Ambient Temperature: 7o ## Test L Rockwell Test L Rockwell Test L Rockwell Test L Rockwell i i i i i i i i i i i i e 1 26 51 76 2 27 52 77 3 l 28 53 78 4 29 ' 54 79 1 ~30 55 80 3 i5 !6 31 56 81 H7 _I 32 57 82 l I 8 33 58 83 l I 9 34 59 84 10 35 60 85 - { 11 l 36 I 61 86 I _12_ 37 62 87 13 I38 63 88 l 14 39 64 89 15 i 40 65 90 \\ c i 16 41 66 91 l 1; I 17 42 67 92 ,ll 18 43 68 93 t _11_ 44 69 94 j 20 l 45 70 95 21 46 71 96 22 47 72 97 23 48 73 98 ~ 24 !49 74 99 25 l50 l 75 100 Calibration Block Tests (Af ter) U7-F37 736

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