ML19350C159
| ML19350C159 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Beaver Valley |
| Issue date: | 03/27/1981 |
| From: | DUQUESNE LIGHT CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19350C158 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8103310239 | |
| Download: ML19350C159 (167) | |
Text
. - -
l O
I E
1980 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT NON-RADIOLOGICAL I
DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION UNIT NO.1 DOCKET #50-334 I
i 81033102%
l I
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures.......................
iv List of Tables.......................
vi i
I.
INTRO DUCTIO N..,...................
1 l
II.
SUMM ARY AND CONCLUSIONS...............
7 111.
ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE 12 BENTHOS 14 PLANKTON 15 IV.
MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS.......
17 MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS..........
17 HERBICIDES 23 i
V.
MONITORING PROGR AM..................
25 A.
AQ U ATIC.......................
25 B.
BENTHOS.......................
28 28 l
Objectives Methods 28 Habitats 28 l
Community Structure and Spatial Distribution...... 30 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects...
41 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 44 Summary and Conclusions..............
44 C.
PHYTOPLANKTON 47 47 Objectives Methods 47 I
Seasonal Distribution................
48 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects...
60 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 60 I
Summary and Conclusions..............
62 D.
ZOOPLANKTON....................
64 O bjective.....................
64 Methods 64 Seasonal Distribution................
64 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects...
76 I
Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 76 i
Summary and Conclusions..............
79 i
l l
lI l
I TAB 1.E OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page E.
FISH 83 Obj ective.....................
83 Methods 83 R es ul ts......................
85 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 93 Summary and Conclusions..............
93 F.
ICHTHYOPLANKTON 97 Objective.....................
97 Methods 97 R e s ul ts......................
97 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 102 Summary and Conclusions..............
103 G.
FISH IMPINGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.7) 104 Obj ective.....................
104 Methods 104 R e s ul ts......................
104 Comparison of Impinged and River Fish........
109 Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating g
Intake Bay Collections..............
109 g
Summary and Conclusions..............
116 H.
PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT 117 5
1.
Ichthyoplankton..................
117 3
Objective....................
117 Atethods 117 R e s ul ts.....................
117 Seasonal Distribution...............
121 Spatial Distribution 121 Summary and Conclusions.............
172 2.
Phytoplankton...................
122 Objective....................
122 3
Methods 122 3
Comparison of Intake and River Samples 123 Summary and Conclusions.............
123 1
3.
Zooplankton....................
123 W
O bj ective....................
123 Methods 133 i
l Comparison of Irtake and River Samples 133 l
Summary and Conclusions........
143 l
l li I
i I
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page VI.
MONITORING PROGR AM..................
144 144 TERRESTRIAL......................
AERIAL INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY (ETS Reference 3.1.3.9)..
144 I
144 Objectives 144 Methods R e s ul ts........................
148 Summary and Conclusions................
158 l
VII.
R EFER ENC ES.......................
159 I
I I
I I I
' I I
lI
I LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1-1 VIEW OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS 2
I-2 LOCATION OF STUDY AREA, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION, SHIPPINGPORT, PENNSYLVANIA 4
l-3 OHIO RIVER SISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE, RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION............
5 IV-1 RIVER INTAKE AND DISCHARGE IN OHIO RIVER......
18 IV-2 WATER FLOW SCHEMATIC-BEAVER VALLEY POWER S T A TIO N........................
19 V-A-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS......
26 V-B-1 BENTHOS SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS...........
29 V-B-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF THE BENTHOS COMMUNITY IN THE E
OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND E
OPERATIONAL Y EARS..................
42 V-C-1 MEAN TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1976-1979, BVPS...
52 V-C-2 MEAN TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1980, BVPS 53 V-C-3 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF CHLOROPHYTA, CHRYSOPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA, AND CRYPTOPHYTA/MICROFLAGELLATE DENSITIES WHICH COMPRISED PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT OF BVPS,1980......
54 V-C-4 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PllYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL l
l OPER ATION AL YEARS..................
61 V-D-1 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1976-1979, BVPS 65 V-D-2 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND i
ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1980, BVPS...........
72 I
g
~
I
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
Figure Page V-D-3 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND I
OPER ATION AL Y E ARS..................
73 V-D-4 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT I
S AM PLES, 1980, BVPS..................
75 V-E-1 FISH SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS.............
84 V-F-1 ICHTHYOPLANKTON SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS 98 V-G-1 INTAKE STRUCTURE, BVPS 108 VI-l INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHY, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION SITE AND VICINITY,1980 146 VI-2 DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE VICINITY l
OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION SITE,1980 149 I
I lI I
- I I
I I
I LIST OF TABLES Table page I-1 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE, RECORDED g
AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, BY THE OHIO RIVER g
VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION,1980 6
111 - 1 REPORTING LIMITS / CRITERIA FOR ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE, BVPS,1980, BVPS.......
13 IV-1 BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION - HERBICIDES USED 24 V-A-1 AQUATIC PROGRAM MONITORING SAMPLING DATES, 1980,BVPS.......................
27 V-B-1 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATION YEARS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS.................
31 V-B-2 MEAN NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHEATA, CHIRONOMIDAE, MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS FOR 1980 36 V-B-3 BENTHIC MACROiNVERTEBRATES DENSITIES, MEAN OF TRIPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS ON FEBRUARY 13,1980 37 V-B-4 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES, MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS ON MAY 21,1980..................
38 l
V-B-5 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES, MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER NEAR g
BVPS ON SEPTEMBER 23,1980..............
4 5
l V-B-G MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACRO-INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER E
NEA R BV PS, 1980....................
43 E
V-B-7 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES FOR TRANSECT 1 AND TRANSECT 2B DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS...
45 I
~
l I
vi I
I LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page V-C-1 MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, JANUARY TO MARCH 1980..........
49 V-C-2 MONTHLY PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR ENTRAINMENT AND OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED AT BVPS,1980........
50 V-C-3 CHLOROPHYLL a AND PHEOPHYTIN CONCENTRATIONS MEAN CONCENTRATION OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS I
DURING JANUARY AND FEBRUARY 1980.........
51 V-C-4 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO MARCH 13,1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES, BVPS...............
56 I
V-C-5 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES DURING 1980, BVPS.......
57 V-C-6 DENSITIES OF MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA COLLECTED FROM THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL, OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, JANUARY THROUGH DECEMBER 1980, BVPS 58 V-C-7 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1973-1980, BVPS........
63
,I V-D-1 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM I
SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, JANUARY TO MARCH 1980 67 V-D-2 MONTHLY ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT I
COMPOSITION FOR ENTRAINMENT AND OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTD AT BVPS,1980................
68 I
V-D-3 DENSITIES OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA COLLECTED FROM THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL, OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, BVPS,3ANUARY THROUGH DECMEBER 1980, BVPS 69 I
vii lI
I I
LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page V-D-4 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10, FEBRUARY 14, AND MARCH 13,1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES, BVPS 71 V-D-5 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1980, BVPS...........
77 V-D-6 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES BY MONTH 1973 THROUGH 1980, OHIO RIVER AND BVPS...............
78 V-D-7 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR TRANSECT I AND TRANSECT 2B DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS...............
80 V-D-8 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FROM 1973 THROUGH 1980 IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS....
81 V-E-1 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1980, BVPS.
86 V-E-2 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY ELECTROFISHING, GILL NETTING AND SEINING AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW 5
CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1980, BVPS...
88 V-E-3 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY ELECTRO-FISHING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIV ER, 198 0, B VPS....................
49 V-E-4 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NETTING AND ELECTROFISHING AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW l
I CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1980, BVPS...
91 V-E-5 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NETTING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1980,BVPS.......................
92 V-E-6 ELECTROFISHING CATCH, MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974-1980, BVPS.....................
94 V-E-7 GILL NET CATCH, MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE i
NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 19 74-1980, B VPS.....................
95 l
I viii I
I LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page V-F-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5m PLANKTON NET IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND NEAR BVPS,1980...
99 V-F-2 DENSITY OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976,1980........
103 V-G-1 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1980, BVPS.......
105 V-G-2
SUMMARY
OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT I
SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK DURING 1980, BVPS................
107 V-G-3
SUMMARY
OF IMPINGEMENT SURVEY DATA 1980, BVPS..
110 V-G-4
SUMMARY
OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1980, BVPS................
112 V-G-5 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1980,BVPS.......................
113 V-G-6
SUMMARY
OF INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN I
IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK 1980, BVPS..............
114 V-H-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5 m PLANKTON NET AT THE ENTRAINMENT RIVER TRANSECT IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS,1980 118 V-H-2 COMPARISON OF FIVE PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES FOUND IN MONTHLY ENTRAINMENT AND I
OHIO RIVER SAMPLES DURING JANUARY, FEBRUARY 124 AND MARCH,1980, BVPS I
V-H-3 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C, JANUARY 1980, BVPS.....
125 I
g Ix I
I I
LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page V-H-4 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PHYTOPLANKTON g
TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN 5
OPERATING INTAKE BAY C, FEBRUARY 1980, BVPS....
126 V-H-5 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY A, M ARCH 1980, BVPS......
127 V-H-6 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA -
JANUARY 10,1980, MEAN DENSITY OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, BVPS..........................
128 V-H-7 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA -
FEBRUARY 14,1980, MEAN DENSITY OF DUPLICATE E
SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, E
BVPS.................
129 V-H-8 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA -
MARCH 13,1980, MEAN DENSITY OF DUPilCATE SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, BVPS..........................
130 V-H-9 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO E
MARCH 14,1980. RESULTS ARE FROM ONE OPERATING g
INTAK E B AY, BVPS...................
131 V-H-10 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO MARCH 13,1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLE, BVPS....
132 V-H-il MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C, J AN U A RY 198 0, B VPS..................
134 V-H-12 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C, FEBRUARY 1980, BVPS 135 V-H-13 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES OF SAMPLES COLLECTED IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY A, M A RC H 198 0, B V PS...................
136 I
I x
I
LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page V-H-14 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA, MEAN OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE I
OHIO RIVER, JANUARY 10,1980,BVPS 137 V-H-13 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA, MEAN OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, FEBRUARY 14,1980,BVPS..........
138 l
V-H-16 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA, MEAN OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, MARCH 13,1980,BVPS 139 V-H-17 COMPARISON OF FOUR ZOOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES FOUND IN MONTHLY ENTRAINMENT AND OHIO RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1980, BVPS 140 V-H-18 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO MARCH 14, 1980. RESULTS ARE FROM ONE OPERATING INTAKE B AY, B V PS.......................
141 V-H-19 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO MARCH 13, I
1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES, BVPS..............
142 VI-l
SUMMARY
OF THE 1980 AERIAL PHOTOMISSION FLOWN IN THE VICINITY OF THE BVPS..............
147 I
VI-2
SUMMARY
OF THE 1980 VEGETATION DISTURBANCES OBSERVED ON AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN IN THE l
VICINITY OF THE BVPS 151 VI-3
SUMMARY
OF THE 1980 FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BVPS....
53 VI-4 FLIGHT LOG OF THE 1980 AERIAL PHOTOMISSION FLOWN IN THE VICINITY OF THE BVPS..........
56 I
I I
xi g
SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT j
1.
INTRODUCTION This report presents a summary of the ecological data collected by Duquesne Light Company (DLCo) during 1980.
During the first quarter of 1980, the aquatic monitoring program was identical to previous operational years; fulfilling the requirements set forth in the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS),
Appendix B to Operating License No. DPR-66, for the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) Unit 1. On February 26, 1980 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) granted DLCo a request to delete all of the aquatic monitoring program, with the exception of fish impingement, from the ETS (Amendment No. 25, License No.
DPR-66). However, DLCo in the interest of providing a non-disruptive data base between BVPS Unit I and 2 entered into a modified aquatic monitoring program.
This report presents the results of both the ETS requirements for the first quarter and the results of the modified program including impingement for all of 1980.
SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM The objectives of the 1980 ecological program were fourfold:
(1) to comply with Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements (2) to review chemical releases and thermal discharges from the station to verify I
that they do not adversely affect public health or the natural environment l
(3) to assess the possible environmental impact to the plankton, benthos, fish and ichthyoplankton communities in the Ohio River and the impact due to impingement and entrainment as a result of plant operation, and (4) to establish long and short range programs based on data.
I SITE DESCRIPTION i
BVPS is located on the south bank of the Ohio River in the Borough of Shippingport, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, on a 486.8 acre tract of land which is owned by Duquesne Light Company. The Shippingport Station shares the site with BVPS.
Figure 1-1 shows a view of both stations. The site is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km)
I I
llI
g In&"Q- -
gCo~C$ (nr5 OO m>z<a
)
T a o>r WnTONt
-QpO>2ZhrnnO r
r g
lg%+
Q h
S
$a N
.$g O
p%g'{.
I M_
T s.';
e b
A tl3 T
D a
e?3 S
4 ym l;q R
E
~
- a?y [+
^
W W
s.
[
P O
?n[p a
- x v
g~
.'y E
T M,
R y
O f
+
d.,.3
,y' m$ h P
2 G
^
N
- . "' yk f
l I
.v y%. j '
._t 7
P o
.; :p
+h
^
P r4.,
f l
I j
.~h..'n w?;
- (l-I S
i k
i
^ _
E 5
..
- t',.
.%yy U f;7,,
I, E
D g
j
- Qf R
N
,c.$
U A
s:
. j <
vg..2,..
s, h G 47<
,, md:
E I
Y p' m.
d g
F E
.p s,.
r L
A,, gN*
n
', ',9 L
(
e
~
,5 A
3 0
V u}%
- .m*:_jg,u?e2 a
E kmN r#
R y
yf E
f ' g+ z $:.,!+d V
n, y _*f 4
A q;c. ;r.
j ;
E
.i
,w$' 4.$
E 4?;
h B
- yp
.A E
I ca
[pI A
6 I
g
.l T
nt:w* -
~ wY t
E lr-
.I F
O
.e'?etk ghs ^ f[x
,f,
t W
yf ~.Y,/
- 1yi Nb
' :)
m+,sc',o' Arg
?.
IE L ;~ W b
..d;.
5W k,gX:i e*
+
i s,
s
/
52h+w'9h. 2k..
e' Y,.: h' v.
'.i.d
/pt-;6.N:h
.?a " ;
,[,r<-(I.D6s 4 V
V
+
,9 A
A+ -
ey p F. :
'4 ~ g *9ls, g
- f y
h4w^ pq$;a?q'Q t, k l
M
- ?
h D. >~ s c
gY Na +,' 5 i
i.
- h x('
f; f p)p!p ya
- ('
p'*;>.k sW igg)J'.:g. hl-b a.u - Mc :,
-ck
$;d h', r ee xl4g' pa$ v
.pF@g n[i <,
j; 9
,.V- } y' F '
' i.
t' s.
i'
- .1lJlj,f l1 1l
SECTION 1 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT from Midland, Pennsylvania; 5 miles (8 km) from East Liverpool, Ohio; and 25 miles (40 km) from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Figure I-2 shows the site location in relation to the principal population centers. Population density in the immediate vicinity of the site is relatively low. There are no residents within a 0.5 mile (0.8 km) radius of either plant. The population within a 5 mile (8 km) radius of the plant is approximately 18,000 and the only area of concentrated population is the Borough of Midland, Pennsylvania, which has a population of approximately 5,300.
The site lies along the Ohio River in a valley which has a gradual slope extending I
f rom the river (elevation 665 it or 203 m above sea level) to an elevation of 1,160 f t (354 m) along a ridge south of BVPS. Plant entrance elevation at the station is approximately 735 f t (224 m) above sea level.
The station is situated on the Ohio River at river mile 34.8, at a location on the New Cumberland Pool that is 3.3 river miles (5.3 km) downstream from Montgomery Lock and Dam and 19.4 miles (31.2 km) upstream from New Cumberland Lock and Dam. The Pennsylvania-Ohio-West Virginia border is 5.2 river miles (8.4 km) downstream from the site. The river flow is regulated by a series of dams and reservoirs on the Beaver, Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio rivers and their tributaries. Flow generally varies from 5,000 to 100,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). The range of flows in 1980 is shown in Figure I-3 (Table I-1).
Ohio River temperatures generally vary from 32 to 80 F (0 to 27 C). Minimum and maximum temperatures generally occur in January and July / August, respectively.
During 1980, minimum temperatures were observed in January and maximum I
temperatures in September (Figure I-3) (Table I-1).
BVPS has a thermal rating of 2,600 megawatts (Mw) and an electrical rating of 852 Mw. The circulating water system is a closed cycle system using a cooling l
tower to minimize heat released to the Ohio River. Commercial operation of BVPS Unit I began in 1976.
I 3
I
M
- i. oO z <-
"godh _
oc s m r-5>
p,o O9O[ m8xH g
i ftn j;n la t
)P t&
H
_ 4 :.
c s[, jm-).
6
[g
(
[ ',.
u,_
ai A1
$i
'q os l
c a
- s. -
g N' U
' [v '
s ree i
i N
i O
I
@g' T
~
AT S
'h;N,.N
.gh REW i
e OPA I
N
- >L e
RN I
EE VP E
A R
E,
U BT G
R I
,O F
AP EC RN AI P YP DI Ui l
TS j.
S
+
n g-4 F
O p[
0 N
/
O I
T A
"a ",'/
CO L
e g
s4 i-0
' QN w
M
' b=. i
,.)
7 6
(
// -
Qa 4_.
Q O-
~,/
aan
\\
.a s\\
(\\
l SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E
1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
MAXIMUM DAILY AVERAGE I
16 0 -
A MONTHLY AVERAGE
/ \\-
MINIMUM DAILY AVERAGE I
3
/
\\
l
/
\\
l20 -
l
\\
f
'\\
/
\\
j o
/
\\
/
g
/
\\
/
t J
l
\\,
g i
o N
\\
/
\\
/
40 -
s I
I N.
.N.
0 l
1 I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
- July values reoresent only 48 of a possible 744 hourly measurement.
80 -
~q
[
\\
\\
/
.y*
\\
70 -
/
I
/
C
/
\\
g E
.E e8 -
/
\\
W
=>
\\
g
/
g 50 -
j
)
\\
~
40 -
30 l J l F l M l A l M l J l J*l A l S l 0 l N IO l 1980 I
FIGURE I-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TE GERATURE ("F), RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (!G 40.2) BY THE CHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATICN COMMISSION (ORSANCO), 1980 5
I
TABLE I-l in OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TEMPERATURE ( F) RECORDED AT O
g EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY g
WATER SANITATION COMISSION (ORSANCO) 2 1980 Mongh J
P M
A M
J J*
A S
O N
D Flow (cfs x 10 )
Maximum Daily Average 71 75 122 151 78 72 59 128 32 47 61 72 co O
$j Monthly Average 40 24 68
.86 41 40 27 54 17 16 28 37 2 C Minimum Daily Average 21 9
15 22 20 12 12 10 10 10 18 15 jp r2 f
rn "
h Temperature ( F) r hz Maximum Hourly Value 39 41 45 60 71 77 77 79 80 67 51 43 i
59 Monthly Average 37 36 40 56 62
'/0 77 74 77 61 47 38 F6 Minimum Hourly Value 35 34 34 45 54 64 76 70 73 49 42 34 8*
- c
- July values for flow and temperatures represent only 48 of a possible 744 hourly measurements,
-i due to technical problems with ORSANCO's automatic monitors.
M M
M M
M M
SECTiON II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
II.
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS The 1980 BVPS non-radiological environmental monitoring program included sur-veillance of thermal and chemical effluents, Ohio River aquatic life and a terrestrial ecological survey using aerial infrared photography. This is the fif th I
year of operational monitoring and, as in the previous operational monitoring years, no evidence of adverse environmental impact to the Ohio River on the surrounding vegetation was found.
Thermal and chemical effluent monitoring included measurement of temperature and free available chlorine at the discharge structure, pH at the chemical waste sump and chromates at the low level waste drain tank. During 1980, none of these limits were exceeded. From January to November 11, 1980, BVPS was shut down for refueling and safety modifications.
I The aquatic ecological monitoring program included: benthos, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, ichthyoplankton, impingement and plankton entrainment. Samp-ling was conducted upstream and downstream of the plant during the first quarter of 1980 to assess potential impacts of BVPS discharges. Beginning in April 1980, a modified aquatic program was initiated. In this program, only benthos and fish were collected both upstream and downstream of the plant. These data were also compared to preoperational data and other operational data to assess long term l
trends. Impingement and entrainment data were assessed to determine the impact l
of withdrawing river water for in-plant use. The following summarize the findings l
of each program element and results of impact assessment.
The benthic macroinvertebrate community, organisms living in or on the bottom of the river, during 1980 was similar to communities observed during other opera-tional years (1976-1979) and preoperational years (1972-1975). The predominant macroinvertebrates were oligochaete worms. They comprised greater than 80% of the total each year since 1972. Common genera of Oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Ilyodrilus, Aulodrilus, Branchiura, Peloscolex and Tubifex.
Chironomid (midge) larvae, frequently the second most abundant group of macroinvertebrates, com-prised less than 10% of the total each year.
During 1980, fingernail clams I
7 I
I SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY g
1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT g
(Sphaeridae) accounted for a slightly higher percent composition than Chironomid larvae. Dominance of worms throughout the BVPS study area and during all survey years was primarily related to substrate consistency. Substrates were predomi-nantly soft, unstable muds with only minor quantities of sand, : lay and pebble.
Soft unstable mud is conducive to worm proliferation. Analysis oE data for control c
and non-control transects found no evidence to indicate that thermal and liquid effluents released from BVPS Unit I were adversely affecting the Ohio River benthos.
Phytoplanktor and zooplankton, microscopic plant and animal life suspended in the Ohio River, were typical of temperate flowing waters. The composition and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton during 1980 was basically the same as those observed in other operational and preoperational years.
Phytoplankton during 1980 exhibited a bimodal pattern of abundance with peaks in the summer and early fall. Phytoplankton declined af ter September to minimal I
densities during the winter. Zooplankton, which feed upon the phytoplankton, followed a similar abundance pattern.
Spatial variations in densities and species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton upstream and downstream of BVPS remained within an acceptable ecological range indicated by the limits / criteria which were not exceeded during the first quarter of 1980. All differences in plankton populations were related to natural variability. Results of sampling and analyses during 1980 gave no evidence to indicate that BVPS Unit 1 operation adversely affected the phytoplankton and zooplankton on the Ohio River.
Fish surveys, conducted during May, July, September and November, collected a total of 699 fish in 1980. Collection methods included: electrofishing, gill netting l
and cast seining.
The majcrity of fish (557) were captured by electrofishing.
Approximately 75% of the electrofishing catch consisted of sand shiners, bluntnose minnows, and emerald shiners.
1 l
I 8
I
SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Channel catfish (34.3%) comprised the majority of the (35) gill-netted fish.
Walleye, carp, sauger and white crappie were the other species representing the next highest numbers of fish netted. Cast seining produced 107 fish; 97.2% of which were emerald shiners.
I variations in annual total catches have occurred during preoperational and opera-tional years. They have occurred primarily because of fluctuations in population size of the small species (minnows and shiners primarily). Larger fish (carp, 1
channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch, walleye and sauger) have remained gu common species near BVPS throughout all years. Members of the pike f amily, northern pike, muskellunge, and hybrids (tiger muskellunge) not collected during preoperational years, were collected in 1977,1978,1979 and 1980. Their presence and the presence of other sport fish is important because it demonstrates that the Ohio River is meeting the minimum water quality, habitat and food requirements of these desirable sport fish, in addition, the Pennsylvania Fish Commission stocking programs has assisted in the restoration of the tiger muskellunge to these I
waters.
Differences in fish species composition which were observed upstream and down-stream of BVPS probably reflect habitat preferences of individual species. No evidence was found to indicate that fish populations near BVPS have been adversely affected by BVPS operation. No fish classified as endangered or threatened by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania were collected.
Ichthyoplankton (fish eggs, larvae and juveniles) data were evaluated to determine I
spawning activity near BVPS and in particular spawning in the back channel of Phillis Island. Spawning activity was limited to June and July with little activity in April and May. Cyprinids (minnows and carps) accounted for 89.5% of the 215 larvae collected. Only 12 eggs were collected.
I Data collected from 1973 to 1980 in the back channel of Phillis Island, the channel receiving the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS, indicated that this I
channel was not used any more extensively for spawning purposes than other main 9
SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT channel areas. No evidence was found to indicate BVPS operation was adversely j
affecting the ichthyoplankton of the Ohio River.
impingement surveys were conducted for one 24-hour period per week in 1980. A total of 108 fish weighing 0.46 kg (1.02 lbs) was collected. Emerald shiner (26.9%),
channel catfish (19.2%) and bluegill (17.3%) composed 63.4% of the annual catch.
Of the 108 fish collected,35 (32.4%) were alive and returned via the discharge pipe to the Ohio River. The majority of fish were less than 100 mm in length. The 1980 annual impingement catch was less than the 1979 collections (262 fish), the 1978 collection (654 fish), the 1977 collection (10,322 fish) and the 1976 collection (9,102 fish).
Entrainment studies were performed to investigate the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plant use on the ichthyoplankton, phytoplankton and zooplankton.
Entrainment river transect surveys for ichthyoplankton were conducted to ascer-tain any changes in spawning activity occurring in the Ohio River adjacent to the -
BVPS intake. As in previous years, ichthyoplankton were most abundant in June and July; collections were dominated by cyprinid (minnows and carps) larvae.
Assuming actual entrainment rates were similar to those found in 1976-1978, river abundance of ichthyoplankton indicate no substantial increase in entrainment should have occurred in 1980 due to the operation of BVPS.
Assessment of monthly phytoplankton and zooplankton data indicated that total densities and species composition of intake and river samples were similar throughout the study year. Therefore, fairly uniform distribution can be assumed and under worst case conditions of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.2%
of the phytoplankton and zooplankton would be withdrawn by the BVPS intake.
This is considered as a negligible loss of phytoplankton and zooplankton relative to river populations.
During the summer and fall of 1980, vegetation stress was monitored in the vicinity of BVPS cooling tower. False color infrared photography, photointerpretation of 10
SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
the imagery, and field observations were conducted to detect stressed or damaged vegetation and to identify probable causes. It was concluded that drif t from the BVPS cooling tower during 1980 was not directly contributing to vegetation stress in any area identified by aerial photography or field survey.
' I I
I l
I I
11
SECTION 111 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICaNT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE During the first quarter of 1980, significant environmental change analyses were conducted on benthos, phytoplankton and zooplankton data. These analyses were in accordance with BVPS Unit 1 ETS, Appendix B to Operating License No. DPR-66.
However, on February 26, 1980 the NRC granted DLCo a request to delete all the aquatic monitoring program, with the exception of fish impingement, from the ETS (Amendment No. 25, License No. DPR-66). Therefore, this Section deals only with the first quarter of 1980.
I These analyses were conducted to serve as an early warning of potentialimpact on the aquatic ecology of the Ohio River due to BVPS Unit 1 operation. Changes in the aquatic ecology should be discovered as soon at xssible in order to minimize potential impacts. Therefore, analyses were designed to obtain resuits as soon af ter sampling as possible. Analysis of group densities was chosen as the best method for obtaining meaningful evaluations of potential impact within a short time.
Any results that indicated potential impact (significant environmental change) caused by BVPS Unit 1 operation were reported to the Director of the Office of Inspection and Enforcement.
To assess potential impact and to meet ETS requirements, reporting limits / criteria (Table 111-1) were developed. These limits / criteria were based on a statistical analysis (analysis of variance) of group density data collected during the preoper-ational monitoring years. Two reoorting limits / criteria were developed for each ecological group listed in Table 111-1. The first criterion determines if group densities observed in 1980 were significantly different from densities observed during preoperational years; the second criterion determines if differences between control and non-control group densities were significantly different, based upon dif ferences observed during preoperational years.
Significant changes, beneficial or adverse, in the Ohio River ecosystem near BVPS l
could result from water quality changes far upstream of BVPS. Such changes could cause the first reporting limit / criterion to be exceeded. Therefore, in order to report only those potential impacts related to BVPS Unit 1 operation, it was 12
M M -
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M TABLE III-l REPORTING LIMITS / CRITERIA EY)R ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANE, m
1980, BVPS ha Benthos Reporting Limits / Criteria 2
Criterion 1 Limits Criterion 2 Factor Lower bound Upper bound
(-2SD)
(+2SD) 6/T2d >
Density (number /m )
Total 46 620 99.0 Oligochaeta 21 564 81.0 G
Chironomidae 0
39 42.0 Mollusca 0
39 31.0
>0 20 Plankton Reporting Limits / Criteria _
C. C
> rn.
Criterion 1 Limits Criterion 2 Factor r- %
Lower bound Upper bound rn A (Mecn minimum
(+2SD) h/T2Bl>
Phytoplankton Density)
Fz Density (cells /ml) h ~i 5h Total 1,975 23,712 2.9 Chlorophyta 883 15,228 2.7
>g Chrysophyta 768 7,311 3.1
'O Cyanophyta 16 718 90.5 mz Cryptophyta 63 1,396 2.5 y<
Microflagellates 17 795 13.7 gs
-t Zooplankton Density (organisms /1)
Total 1,387 10,196 2.3 Protozoa 797 8,283 2.4 Rotifera 431 5,347 2.1 T1 Mean density of all samples collected per survey at Transect 1 (upstream control)
T2B Mean density of all samples collected per survey at Transect 2B (downstream of BVPS)
T1/T2B Absolute ratio between T1.and T2B I
2SD Two Standard Deviations j
l
SECTION 111 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
established that both Criterion I and 2 limits would have to be exceeded and if attributable to BVPS operation, a non-routine report would be prepared and submitted to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
The following summarizes 1) how the reporting limit for each parameter was established and 2) the 1980 group densities and their use in determining if the limits / criteria were exceeded.
BENTHOS An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on data collected during preopera-tional years to set bounds on the natural variability in abundance (density) for the following groups of macroinvertebrates: Oligochaeta (worms), Chironomidae (midges) and Mollusca (clams and snails). These groups together comprised more t.%n 90% of the benthic populations of the Ohio River near BVPS during preoperational years.
In addition to group densities, the variability of total E
macroinvertebrate density was established.
5 Group and total density values were pooled and the ANOVA performed. Densities were based on the average of three Ponar grab samples taken at four locations (Transects 1, 2A, 2B and 3) within the study area. Seasonal variability was not considered because assessment of upstream vs. downstream conditions under Criterion 2 evaluated discrete sampling times, negating the need for seasonal assesssment under Criterion 1.
The ANOV i determined the lower and upper bounds of Criterion 1, defined as the 95th percentile range or two standard deviations (2SD) of the preoperational data (Table III-1). Statistically significant changes for Criterion I were established as those group and total densities f alling outside the 12SD range. Because Criterion I was established to assess general study area conditions, all study area data were included in the analysis.
Criterion 2 was established by calculating the absolute ratio for individual group and total densities for Transect 1 (upstream control) and Transect 2B (first 14
SECTION Ill DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
transect downstream from BVPS) for each preoperational survey. The maximum ratio observed for a given survey was established as the Criterion 2 reporting limit.
Criterion 2 indicated the largest absolute difference observed during preoper-ational years between Transect I and 2B. To determine if differences observed during this operational year were significant, mean group and total densities were calculated for Transects 1 and 2B. For each group and total benthic density, the lowest mean density was divided into the highest to produce a factor greater than 1.0. If this factor exceeded the factor established as Criterion 2, then the change observed was considered significant.
As stated above, a nonroutine report would be prepared in accordance with ETS Section 5.6.2.B, if both Criterion 1 and 2 were exceeded and the change was attributable to BVPS operation. This condition was not observed for the February survey performed in 1980.
PLANKTON An ANOVA similar to that performed on benthos data was perforrned on the preoperational phytoplankton and zooplankton data to determine the 95th percen-I tile range for the following groups: Chlorophyta (green algae), Chrysophyta (yellow-green and yellow-brown algae and diatoms) Cyanophyta (blue-green algae),
I Cryptophyta, microflagellates, Rotifera and Protozoa. These groups accounted for more than 90% of the Ohio River plankton during preoperational years. The 95th l
percentile ranges for total phytoplankton and zooplankton densities were also determined.
I The lower and upper bounds (12SD for Criterion 1) were determined; however, most of the lower bounds were zero (C).
Recognizing that zero densities are not a I
realistic number for assessing environmental change, new lower bounds were l
i determined by averaging all minimum group and total density values observed for each preoperational survey and establishing this mean minimum value as the lower bound for Criterion 1. The upper bound remained at 12SD. Monthly or quarterly (seasonal) criteria were not established because Criterion 2 compares data for a given sampling data (month), negating the need for seasonal assessment under Criterion 1.
15 j
SECTION 111 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
To determine if Criterion 1 limits were exceeded, mean group and total phyto-plankton and zooplankton densities were calculated. The mean is also the Criterion 1 value.
Criterion 2 was developed as defined above for benthos.
To determine if significant changes from control to non-control areas had occurred, mean group and total density values were calculated for Transects 1 and 2B. Differences between the two transects were determined and the ratio (factor) calculated. If this f actor exceeded the preoperational factor and Criterion I was also exceeded, then a non-routine report was prepared, provided the cause was attributable to BVPS operation.
The ETS reporting limits / criteria for plankton (phyto and zoo) were not exceeded during the first quarter of 1980.
I I
I I-I I
I I
16 I
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
IV. MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS I
MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS Most of the water required for the operation of BVPS is taken from the Ohio River and discharged at points shown in Figure IV-1. Figure IV-2 is a schematic diagram of liquid flow paths for BVPS.
I There are four parameters identified in the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS) which must be monitored, and if limits are exceeded, reported. The four parameters are:
1.
Temperature at the outfall structure 2.
Free available chlorine at the outf all structure I
3.
pH at the Chemical Water Sump 4.
Chromates at the low level waste drain tank I
In addition, the amounts of chemicals released to the environment are noted in the Beaver Valley - //l Unit Environmental Statement and are listed below:
Source Material Released Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste NapO4 Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste Na SO 2
4 Water Sof tener Waste Nacl Cooling Tower Biocide Cl 2 1
Reactivity Control H B0 3
3 Corrosion Control K Cr 0 2 27 All of the above chemicals were released during 1980.
I I
17 I
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
.___ I
.m::
E EI!
"E 3 C
-1 ag sg:
C2:::
3-
!!i !i!
23
.=
C
- s I
E
- , i:. 1
- C 23:3
=
ag
- m-C3:::
a. a. $
s s
~~
CD
=a 5
- s = =:
I
~
E g,=
w 1
.rscrw a
c2:s a) o so-s m on
)
wad
.=,esn -. m t.
,g w
3 I
y E
I J
E 2
5 3
. L.
- g:
E r l
a.
- 3. y
\\
':~
i t
3 2. ".
I L
l 3
- 3.. 5 I
I l8, l
6
=
il m ::
(
X-aa e
d' g:2 N,
5 3 m.
lg4 2
- 1 i
~
i a
g g
"4:
31 l
5
..==
.j" g
I
- 1 I
s=
=
] )-)_
.a x
11 L=
t 6
J's f~
=
43-F
)1 h
I_
g3I em
~n
,.=
f w e s.m
- 382: *.
.p 3
./
E=
t.r v-E 2
i 1
Y
- h b /
I k
s N
h
~~
E w]
5
=
D IE 43 1:
4 m -r
=
g.3 : :
3,
=
a
~
5.!={
j
}
r i
i 18 i
I i
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
E7AFh* TON LCSSES 1
I IIAYER 7ALLET F%M Sun 0N COQI. :iG TOWE1 I
7s O
^
/
u FEDARY AND MAI3 simratt T
CU r
'g gg; CCO CSE1 m a,m I
A33 GIL E2.5 l
db l
WA:X1 t
I T11 CIT.0 I
ST3 TIM 1
e 9F tr REACT 21
$217I:3
- ATZ1 FLAMT 30tLZ1 SAU 31T M
STTfDI.
ST3TZ3 ST3 TEN i
I L
=
- l
} \\
3
,,y, g *,
~
l u:vAsTz g
RE Z:7IT, M
p 1
l 570:3 "A U*
3C12Z3 VA3M J k i
ST37EM I
j
- z!AEz C
FtMFS 2
I AuZ AUI I
k TEST SCIZEN Agg EF7LUENTS VAss yngg hN
^
3 I
7
'I
'I
]f y V 8EA1Z1 3EATIE 7ALLZT 3EATE1 TA 1ET SEATER TALLET SIA711 YALLET 3EA7E1 YALLII 7*" " FCVE1 53 005 FCVE1 33005 FCVER $* ACON 7%T1 STACO3 FChu SMIICN IEA M I FCut1 Acr. 013 CIA 2CE ACL 3133A2GE DISCEAAGE (0C2) DISCHA:CE (003)
DISCHA20: (GC1) 5*.A W.
g 3
ACZ.
(007)
(0Q6) 3gg7gg 9ALLZT 1
W1"Il M.CW fcMrwAm - 3EAVTR V1:I.IY FCWE3 STAT *0!! y e4)
I-n d b tv-2 I
P00R ORIGINAL
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Results Limiting Conditions for Operation The range observed during 1980 for each of the four parameters monitored in liquid effluents which have specified limits are as follows:
Range of Values Discharged in Parameter Limits 1980 I
Temperature 94 F (4 hrs.)
35 to 81 F Free Available Chlorine 0.5 mg/l 0.0 to 0.2 pH (released from chemical 6.0 - 9.0 6.0 to 9.0 water sump)
Chromates 0.05 mg/l 0.05 During the year, none of the limits noted above were exceeded. From January to November 11, 1980, Beaver Valley Power Station was shut down for refueling and safety related modifications.
~
Chemicals Released Estimated Amount
- Actual Amount g
Source Released (Ib/yr)
Released (Ib/yr)
E Cation - Anion 20,000 246,800 Neutralized Waste (Sodium Sulf ate)
Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste 5,000 21,560 g'
(Sodium Sulf ate) 3 Water Softener Waste 15,000 146,600 g
(Sodium Chloride) g Cooling Water Biocide 2,380 9.55 l
(Chlorine) l Reactivity Control 20,000 * +
13,194 j
Corrosion Control 4.5 1
I I
I 1
43,
- +^# to o
% b 9)
/////
Ah gh"
%h,Nif
\\,'
NY IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3)
I l.0 l; m igga
- c= m p=2 na l,l f
- blb I.8
' l.25 1.4 1.6 N
4%
- +%(
4 Afb //)/
tb<
5/////
.v
4 4+%,
'
- 4 A*
$*/
%'+4
,. e. E_ T.
TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 gmtu 5 B lillE zu m
l,l f D $N
.8 1.25 1.4 1.6
/
6-
=
- 4 4$ 4%
W>,,h' Y.vW
l
! l SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY l 5 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
- By inventory differential or calculated usage.
I
- indicates previous approved change in Technical Specification, Appendix B, Amendment No.15.
The amounts discharged exceeded the estimated release values in all cases except cooling water biocide, reactivity control and corrosion control (hexavalent chromium). The increased use rate was attributed to the following:
Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste The water demands for BVPS continue to be greater than originally estimated. The amount discharged in 1930 was reduced from that of 1979 by almost one half due to lowered water demands resulting from the extended plant outage. Alth3 ugh the amount of sodium sulfate exceeded original estimates, there was no impact to the ecosystem. A special assessment (study) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium sulfate on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "B").
I The special assessment (study) concluded that no adverse effects to aquatic life
. ould be expected if the annual release of sodium sulfate was increased to 700,000 w
lb/ year due to low release concentration, short exposure time and the minimal amount released in comparison with natural levels in the Ohio River.
I l
Mixed Bed Neutralized Wastee I
The discharge of mixed bed waste was reduced from that of 1979 due to lower water demands and by the installation of higher efficiency mixed bed resins. As l
noted above, an assessment of the impact of sodium sulf ate on the ecosystem in the Ohio River was presented in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report.
I Water Softener Waste The use of sof t water increased beyond that originally estimated because man-power levels at the station (both in-plant personnel, as well as contractors) were much larger than originally predicted.
l I
21
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Although the amour.t of sodium chloride released to the environment exceeded original estimates, the amounts discharged did not harm the ecosystem. A special assessment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium chloride on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "C").
The special assessment (study) concluded that the release of 250,000 pounds of salt (Nacl) annually will not adversely affect aquatic life in the Ohio River.
Cooling Water Biocide The circulating water system was not in service during the extended plant outcge.
The average free available chlorine concentration is limited to 0.2 ppm over a 2-hour period per day.
Based on actual analyses and blowdown flow, the total chlorine released during 1980 was 10 pounds. This amount was well below original estimates.
Reactivity Control The amount of boric acid use during 1980 was determined by actaal analyses of all radwaste discharged. This amount was below estimates noted in Amendment 15 of the BVPS Technical Specifications.
Corrosion Control The amount hexavalent chromate released in 1980 was obtained using chemical analyses of all reactor plant discharge. The maximum chromate discharged, based on total liquid radwaste discharged in 1980 and the detectable level of chromate, was less than one pound. This also is well below original estimates.
I I
I I
22 I
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
HERBICIDES Herbicides were used for weed control at the Beaver Valley site ana the Shippingport site. During CY 1980, none of the transmission line right-of-ways lE leaving the Be ver Valley site were treated with herbicides. Areas specifically
'E designated for protection and restriction from herbicides application have not been sprayed. No accidental spilk of herbicides occurred during the year.
Table IV-1 summarizes the usage of herbicides at the Beaver Valley Power Station and Shippingport Atomic Power Station.
I lI
'I t
I l I l
l I I
l I
!I lI n
l l
TABLE IV-1 mm BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION - HERBICIDES USED O
s 2
Concentration Method and Location Herbicide of Active Rate of Frequency of Wind Aerial Date Used Type Materials Application Application Conditions Application Applied DVPS Met Tower Ureabor Herbicide dry 10.4-lb/100 Spot application Calm wind, No
- July, Beaver County, granule, 984 square ft, within security speed less 1980 Pa.
active fence where than 5 mph.
G ingredients needed approx.
g bi-annually.
Ureabor Herbicide dry 1-lb/100 Spreader cart.
Average to No
- March, 2
h@C Switch Yard, granule, 984 square ft.
One complete calm.
- April, Beaver County, active coverage of Approx.
1980 r-2 A
Pa.
irgredients slagged yard, 5 to 10 mph.
m applied yearly, h
gc t1 SAPS - within Ureabor Herbicide dry 1-lb/100 Spreader cart Average to No Various
--i security fence granule, 984 square ft.
and spot calm.
dates
-O of plant.
active coverage within Approx.
Comple-hh Deaver County, ingredients security fence.
5 to 10 mph.
- tion, rg Pa.
W>
mZ T -<
-1 1
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M YA M
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
V.
MONITORING PROGRAMS A.
AQUATIC The ecological study area established to assess potential impacts consisted of three sampling transects (Figure V-A-1). Transect 1 is located at river mile (RM 34.5) approximately 0.3 mi (0.5 km) upstream of BVPS and is the control station.
Transect 2 is located approximately 0.5 mi (0.8 km) downstream of the BVPS I
Transect 2 is divided by Phillis Island. The main channel is discharge structure.
designated Transect 2A and the back channel Transect 2B. Transect 2B is the principal non-control transect because the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS Unit I are released to the back channel. Transect 3 is located approximately 2 mi(3 km) downstream of BVPS.
Sampling dates for each of the above program elements are presented in T6:e V-A-1.
The following sections of this report preser3t a summary of findings for each of the program elements.
I I
I I
I 25 I
a torgelown CALE IN FEET k
m Island mw; (Tl o
1000 2000 3000 4000 Oz
/
0/
Montgomery i.fi%
E S
o t
>o 4
$@c TRANSECT 3 ED
[Y MidIand M 8'd rZ TRANSECT I
smrrmercar3,,(/
o3 M
o i
+
Shippin g pori Ez H
o TRANSECT 8Q o
2A
%E a4 50 $
0
$d e
l s
O N
m*
' *' ad
',p DEAVER H
l-VALLEY a(...r-POWER STATION TRANSECT 2 B SillPPINGPORT POWER STATION FIGURE V-A-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN Tile VICINITY OF Tile BEAVER VALLEY AND SIIIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
i l
l TABLE V-A-1 rno AQUATIC PROGRAM MONI'IORING SAMPLING DATES 1980, BVPS 2
River Plankton Entrainment Plankton Month Benthos (Phyto and Zoo)
Fish Impingement Ichthyoplankton (Phyto and Zoo)
JAN 10 4,11,18,25 10,11 FEB 13 14 1,8,15,22,29 14,15 h
O MAR 13 7,14,21,28 13,14
$j 2 C APR 4,11,22,25 23 18 rZM MAY 21 22,29 2,9,23,30 21 21 m
JUN 6,13,20,27 19 13 8-gQ JUL 23,30 3,15,18,25 22 18 AUG 1,8,15,22,29 22 F6 rn 2 SEP 23 24 5,12,19,26 26 g<
W OCT 3,10,17,24,31 17
-1 NOV 19,26 7,14,22,28 14 DEC 10,12,19,26 12 i
i SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY j
1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 1
I !
B.
BENTHOS Objectives To characterize the benthos of the Ohio River near BVPS and to cetermir.e the impact, if any, oi BVPS operations.
Methods Three surveys were performed in 1980 to characterize the benthic macroinverte-brate community on a seasonal basis. Surveys were conducted in February (winter),
5 May (spring), and September (summer-f all). The February survey consisted of a
taking three replicate Ponar grab samples at each river bank and at midriver along Transects 1, 2A and 3. In the back channel of Phillis Island (Transect 28), one grab sample was taken at each river bank and one at midchannel (Figure V-A-1). The benthos portion of the modified aquatic monitoring program initiated af ter April 1, 1930 included duplicate ponar grabs collected along the south shore of Tr;; ects 1, 2A, and 3 (Figure V-B-1).
Benthic sampling at Transect 2B (back channel)
I 5
remained unchanged i.e., single ponar grabs at the south, midchannel, and north bank.
I Each grab was washed with a U.S. Standard No. 30 sieve and the remains placed in a bottle and preserved with formalin. In the laboratory, macroinvertebrates were sorted from each sample, identified to the lowest possible taxon and counted.
2 Mean tensities (numbers /m ) for each taxon were calculated for each of three replica es and three back channel samples. Four species diversity indices were calcula: ed:
Shannon and Evenness indices (Pielou 1969), the Richness Index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) and the number of species (taxa).
Habitats Substrate type is one of the most important factors in determining the type of benthic community which may develop. Two distinct benthic habitats exist in the Ohic River near BVPS and are the result of damming, channelization, and river traffic. Shoreline habitats are generally sof t muck-type substrates composed of sand, silt and detritus. One exception is along the north shoreline of Phillis Island at Transect 2A where clay and ed predominate. This condition was caused by I
I 2s
I
.3 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY j
E 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT g
I I
I I
I MICUNO h
D I
N A
q i
4 A
o t.*3 ? 'JmJ '.37 A
1 7 4 *JTM4Ax IL4 ?.1 p
VCs:CnA 942 N.$$Y?s.'i UbNE l
=IV EF A Sampling Station O
Station Number l
i FIGURE V-B-1 I
BENTHOS SAMPLING STATIONS BVPS 29
'I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
sand dredging operations many years ago. The other distinct habitat is located at midriver. Midriver habitats, unlike shoreline habitats, are hard.
A condition caused initially by damming and channelization but aggravated by river current and tow and barge traffic.
Forty macroinvertebrate taxa were identified during the 1980 monitoring program g
(Table V-B-1). Species composition during 1980 was similar to previous preopera-a tional (1973-1975) and operational (1976-1980) years.
The macroinvertebrate assemblage during 1980 was composed primarily of borrowing organisms typical of soft unconsolidated substrates.
Oligochaetes (worms) and chironomid (mioge) larvae were abundant (Tables V-B-3, V-B-4, V-B- 5).
Common genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Ilydorilus, Aulodrilus, Tubifex, Dero, and Peloscolex. Commor genera of chironomids were Procladius, Coelotanypus, and Harnischia, in previous years, the Asiatic clam (Corbiculla) was present and abundant. None were collected during 1979 or 1980.
I No ecologically important additions of species were identified nor were any threatened or endangered species collected during 1980.
Community Structure and Spatial Distribution Oligochaetes accounted for the highest percentages of the macroinvertebrates at all sampling sites with the exception of Transect 2B in September (Table V-B-2) g when Mollusca (fingernail clams) was the most abundant macroinvertebrate group.
E i
Oligocaaetes always accounted for a greater percentage of the macroinvertebrate community at Transects I and 3 as compared to Transects 2A and 2B where Chironomidae and Mollusca are usually common.
In general, the density of macroinvertebrates during 1980 was lowest at 2A and higher at Transects 1 and 3 where substrates near the shore were composed of sof t mud or various combinations of sand and silt. Lower abundance at Transect 2A is probably relate 3 to poor substrate conditions (clay and sand) along the north shore line of Phillis Island.
I 30 I
E E
E v.
TABLE V-B-1 Q
1, s 1
4 l
SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACROINVERTXBRATES COLLBCTED IN PREOPERATIONAL M
AND OPERATIONAI. YEARS IN 111B OHIO RIVER NEAR b
BVPS l
I Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1920 Porifera spongilla fraallia X
l l
Cnidaria Hydrozoa Clavidae Cordylophora lacustris X
X X
X O
Ilydridae
>g g
".;spedacusta sowerby1 X
Zg flydra sp.
X X
X X
X X
Z C C r.s Platyhelminthes
>A Tricladida X
X X
X I2 Rhabdocoela X
X X
rr) P OF Nemettea X
X O~
i O
W Nematoda X
X X
X X
X X
X I Z Og Entroprocta O-O Urnatella gracilis I
X X
X X
X X
X O>O v
Ectoprocta I$
Federicella sp.
X X
JC >
Paludicella articulata X
X M2 Pectlpatella sp.
X Plumatella sp.
X y
I Annelida Oligochaeta Aeolosomatidae X
X X
X Enchytraeidae X
X X
X X
X Naldidae i
Amphichaeta leydigil X
Amphichaeta sp.
X Arcteonais lomondi X
X Autophorus sp.
X X
l Chae M aster diaphanus X
X X
X X
C. diastrophus X
X i
(
Dero digitata X
X X
l D. nivea X
X Dero sp.
X X
X X
X X
X i
l l
i
W TABLE V-B-1 (Continued)
=-4 Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 O
Z Nate barbata X
N,. bretscher!
X X
X X
N. communis X
X N. elinquis X
N,. Variabilis X
Nais sp.
X X
X X
X X
X Cphidorils serpentina X
Paranals frict X
X X
X X
X X
Paranals sp.
X
[
Pristina osborni X
X O
P. sina X
g
>p Pristina sp.
X Zj Psammoryctides curvisetosus X
Zd Slavina appendiculata X
C (T)
Stephensoniana trivandrana X
X X
>W stylarla lacustris X
I2 Uncinals uncinata X
M fit Tubtficidae OF Autodrilus linnobius X
x X
X X
X X
X O5 y
A. piqueti X
X X
X X
1 I
Z N
A. pluriseta X
X X
X X
X d
Borthrioneurum vejdovskyanum X
X X
X X
-O Branchiura sowerby1 X
X X
X X
X O>Q llyodrilus templetont 5
X X
X X
X X
X 7
Liaruhiritus cervix I
X X
X X
X Ik L. cervix (variant)
X X
X X
X X
M>
L. claparedelanus X
X X
X X
X X
M2
[.hoffaelsteri X
X X
X X
X X
X K
L.
piralis X
X X
L.
dekemianus X
X X
X X
X X
X q
h idtilus sp.
X Pelobcolex multisetosus lonqidentus X
X X
X P.
m_. multisetosus X
X X
X X
X X
X Potamothrix mildaviensis X
Tubtfem tubtfex X
I X
X X
X Unidentified immature forms:
with hair chaetae X
X X
X X
X X
X without hair chaetae X
X X
X X
X X
X Lumbriculidae Hirudinea clossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis X
Helodbella sp.
X Erpobdollidae Er,mbdella sp.
X Mooreotxtella microstoma X
X M
M
M M
M M
M Ln TABLE V-B-1 (Continued) m O
Preoperational Operational d
1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 O2 Atthropoda Acarina X
X X
Ostracoda X
X X
Aspidpoda Talltridae Hyallela azteca X
X Gasmaridae Cragonyx pseudogracilis X
-j Cra g sp.
X Gamaarus fasciatus ~~
X X
X X
X X
X X
o Gamunatus sp.
y Decapoda X
7 Co11embo11a X
Zg Ephemert,ptera Cg Heptagoniidae X
X
>m Stenacrop sp.
X FZ A
Stenonema sp.
I m
Caenidae OF Caents sp.
X' X
O ~)c W
Tricorythodes sp.
X Fy Ephemeridae Oq hg E%emera sp.
X O
Megloptera
>O Stalis sp.
X y
odonata F$
Comphidae p>
Dromogomphus spoliatus X
m2 T=
Dromogamphus sp.
X O<
Gomphus sp.
4 X
X X
Trichoptera Psychos!!aae Polycentropus sp.
X Hydropsychidae X
Cheumatopsyche sp.
X X
Hydropsyche sp.
X Hydroptilidae Hydroptila sp.
X Oxyethira sp.
X Leptoceridae Oecetis sp.
X X
Coleoptera X
Hydrophilidae X
Elmidae Ancyronyx y.legatus X
X X
DubtrarAla sp.
Helichus sg.
I Stenelmia sg.
X X
X Psephenidae I
I TABl.E V-B-1 (Continued) g W
Preoperational Operational C
1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 d
O
~4 Diptera Un16entified Diptera X
X X
X X
X 4
Psychodidae X
X Perictma sp.
X Psychoda sp.
Telmatoscopus sp.
X Unidentified Psychodidae pupae X
Chaoboridae Chaoborus sp.
X X
X X
X X
-e Simulidar Similium sp.
X
>O Chironomidae C
X Chironominae ZO X
Chironominae pupa C
Chironomus sp.
X X
X X
X X
Cryptochironomus sp.
X X
X X
X X
X X
yg Dicrotendipes nervosus X
g-= ~g in Dicrotendipes sp.
X X
X g
X X
() g.-
Gj ptotendipes sp.
Harnischia sp.
X X
X X
X X
O5 y
Micropsectra sp.
X rGq X
Microtendipes sp.
C)
Parachironomus sp.
X 8
Polypodilum (s.o.) convictum type X
X pp
- g. (s.s.) simulans type Polypodilum sp.
X X
X g-- -
pheotanytarsus sp.
X X
X X
y.p Stenochironomus up.
X X
X X
gj Stictochironomus sp.
X Tq X
X X
O Tanytarsus sp.
W Tanypodinae d
Ablabesmyla sp.
2 X
X Coelotanypus scapularis X
X X
X X
X Procladius (Procladius)
Procladius sp.
X X
X X
X X
X X
Thienemannisyla group N
X X
X X
X Xavrolimyia sp.
X Orthocladiinae Cricotopus bicinctus C. (s.a.) trifascia I
X cricotopus (Isocladiusj, sylvestris Group X
C.
(Isocladius) sp.
Cricotopus (s.o.) sp.
X X
X X
Eualefferiella sp.
X X
X X
H_ydrobaenus sp.
X Limnophyes sp.
Nannocladius (s.s.) distinctus X
X X
X X
Nanne.ladius sp.
M M
M M
m m
m
M M
.E E
E
.M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M wmO TABtJC V-B-1 (cont inushi)
O Preoperational _
og=Latinnal 19y 1974 M 8976 1977 4978 192 1980_
Orthocladius sp.
X X
X X
X X
Parametrlocnemus sp.
X X
Paraphaenocladius sp.
X X
Psectrocladine op.
X X
Pseudorthocladius sp.
X geudoseittia op.
X X
]
Smit tia sp.
X X
X X
X Diamesinae w
O Diamesa sp.
X
- p. g Potthastia sp.
X Zg Cer a togamjonidae X
X X
X X
2c Dolichogantidae R
X C
Paphididae X
X X
X Wiedemannia sp.
X F2 Xgetydiidae N
X (Tl Muscidae X
X OF M.agionidae X
O5 y
Tipulidae X
Z sei Strationylldae X
g "(i Syrphidae X
)
8,epidoptera X
X X
O>O Mollusca Gastrolumla I 'O Ancylldae W>
Pettinsta sp.
X X
X X
M2 Planorbidae X
valvat id.,
valvata perde; ressa y
Pelecyg<mla X
Corbiculidae Coshicula manitensis X
X X
X X
Sphaaridae X
X Pisidium sp.
X X
Sphaertum sp.
X X
X X
X Unident[l[ed immature Sphaetildae X
X X
Unionidae Anadonta grandle X
U I_l il? sp.
l X
Untilentitled immature Unionidae X
X X
TABLE V-B-2 m
h"W NIMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION Q
Os OLIGOCHAETA, CHIRONOMIDAE, !!OLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS FOR 1980 OZ Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3
$/m 4
9/m t
i/m t
9/m t
February 13*
G Oligochaeta 1,011 99 361 53 1,015 80 4,931 99
$>0 Chironomidae 9
<1 7
1 3
1 29
<1 Mollusca 4
<1 257 38 171 13 16
<1 Zo h%
Others 2
<1 57 8
80 6
9
<1 Totals 1,026 1.' 1 682 100 1,279 100 4,985 101 gy m
m May 21 O t-Oligochaeta 1,029 99 40 69 741 99 594 95 O5 u*
Chironomidae 6
<1 6
10 12 2
Oh Mollusca 6
<1 6
<1 9n Others 12 21 20 3
O O h(
Totals 1,041 101 58 100 747 100 626 100 M>
September 23 QZ Oligochaeta 1,483 97 839 79 107 24 1,128 100 0
Chironomidae 40 4
124 28
[
Mollusca 20 1
188 18 217 48 Others 20 1
Totals 1,523 99 1,067 101 448 100 1,128 100
- February samples were 3 replicates from reations at the north and south banks, midtiver and back channel.
M M
M M
M M
W W
W M
M M
IM M
M M
M (A
MO TABLE V-B-3 O
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIF (Individuals /n ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED 2
IN W E OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS ON FEBRUARY 13, 1980 Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 South Mid North South Mid North South Mid North Taxa Bank Rivet.
Bank Bank River Bank Bank River Bank Platyhelminthes Planar 11dae 7
Entoprocta o
Urnatella gracilis
+
+
+
+
y Nemettea 7
7 27 7g Nematoda 20 2g Annelida C rn Oligochaeta
- > 1/1 Aeolosomatidae 7
t~* 2 Enchytraeldae 7
7 26 7
rn M Lumbriculidae 7
O t-facteonais lomondt 7
13 O ~)c w
Chaerogaster diaphanus 7
F 2 N
C...!ac rophua 7
0, hg Dero sp.
7 92 20 7
125 26 Nats sp.
20 33 7
79 27 7
119 O>O Paranals friet 7
125 13 171 40 v
Autodr!!us li h tus 13 7
7 20 I'm A. piqueti
~A. pluriseta 7
fB 2 Bothrioneurua veMovskyanum 20 T-O<
Branchiura sowerbyl 7
13 Ilyodritus templeton1 53 132 20 40 Limnodritus cervix 20 59 40 53 7
342 L. claparedelanus 7
13 184 33 L. heffmeisteri 369 7
26 270 99 112 1,220 L. udekemianus 7
33 Peloscolen m. _% 1tisetosus 46 171 20 7
112 283 902 Tubtfex tubtfex 13 79 Ismatures w/o cap!!!! form chaetaa 1,541 244 92 178 39 586 810 7,681 Isenatures w/ cap!!!! form chaetae 132 99 26 356 474 Cocoon 7
7 13 99 1,647 Hirudinea 13 7
(A D1O
.A
- ABLE V-B-3 (Continued)
{
Z Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 28 No. 3 South Mid North South Mid North South Mid North Taxa Bank River Bank Bank River Bank Bank River Bank Arthropoda acarina 7
Ampnipoda Gammarus fasciatus 7
59 Gasumarus sp.
7 138 7
g Insecta
>O Ephemeroptera C
[Z Stenonema sp.
13 O
Odonata C
Gomphus sp.
7 C TU Diptera i
Unidentified Diptera 13 Chironomidae Ablabesmyla sp.
Chironomus sp.
3 7
O N
Orthocladias sp.
7 O
Procladius sp.
7 7
C) O Procladius (Procladius) sp.
13 7
40 26 Smittia sp.
7 O
Stenochirono jmu sp.
7 3
Chironomid adult 7
T Mollusca N>2 Sphae;tidae 13 20 725 26 171 7
40 O
Totals 2,249 27 011 594 1,110 350 1,296 2,209 12,764 y
H
\\
W W
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
m W
W W
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
i TABLE V-B-4 I
BEN 1 HIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL Q
. AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS ON MAY 21, 1980 g
2 No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 Taxa South Bank South Bank South Bank i
Nematoda 10 l
Bryozoa l
Urnatella gracilis
+
+
+
l Annelida Oligochaeta o
l Enchytraeidae 7
h Z
l Dero sp.
h@c-Nais sp.
7 l
[
Ophidonais serpentina 20 rZ f
Paranais frici 20 7
10 rn "
hh Aulodrilus limnobius 10 7
y*
Ilyodeilus templetoni 10 ry
$H Limnodrilus cervix
.J 7
10 gQ L. claparedeianus 10 L. hoffmeisteri 276 40 168
>a L. udekemianus 20 27 30 F6 Peloscolex m. multisetosus 7
10 T-Tubifex tubifex 10 30 O<
Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 593 20 573 227 l
Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 30 13 40 H
Cocoon 30 26 69 Arthropoda Gansnarus sp.
6 Lepidoptera 6
Diptera r
2ntified Diptera 10 Orthocladiinae 6
Ceratopogonidae 6
6 6
Mollusca Sphaeriidae 6
6 Total 1,041 58 747 626 l
TABLE V-B-5 rn BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /a ), MEAN OF 'IRIPLICATE FCR BACK CHANNEL h
AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS O
ON SEPTEMBER 23, 1980 2
No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 Taxa South Bank South Bank South Bank Cnidaria Hydra g
Nematoda 20 oo Zo{
Bryozoa Urnatella gracilis
+
+
Annelida
{C Oligochaeta
>m Dero sp.
10 F2$[
Adlodrilus limnobius 40 10 27 Aulodrilus piqueti 10 05 Botheioneurum veidovskyanum 10 6I Branchiura sowerbyi 30 10 o
5h Ilyodrilus templetoni 40 7
20 Limnodrilus cervix 20 30 20
>K L. hoffmeisteri 434 128 13 583 py L. udekemianus 20 108 7
30 m2 4
Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 810 474 40 415 o
Imraatures w/ capilliform chaetae 79 69 13 4 r, a
Cocoon 10 t
Artheopoda Diptera Chironomus sp.
7 Coelotanypus sp.
10 51 Cryptoc51ronomus sp.
10 7
Harnischia sp.
10 20 Orthocladius sp.
13 Procladius sp.
13 Procladius (Procladius) 10 13 Mollusca Sphaeriidae 20 188 217 Total 1,523 1,067 448 1,128 m
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Density and species composition variations observed within the BVPS study area is due largely to habitat differences and the tendency to cluster of certain types of I
macroinvertebrates (e.g., oligochaetes). Overall, abundance and species compo-sition within the study area were similar.
This conclusion is based on an understanding of habitat differences and species observed near BVPS.
Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects The benthos portion of the modified aquatic monitoring program initiated af ter Aprii 1,1980 included duplicate ponar grabs collected along the south shore of I
Transects 1, 2A and 3. Benthic sampling at Transect 2B (back channel) remained unchanged i.e., single ponar grabs at the south midchannel and north bank locations.
No adverse impact to the benthic community was observed during 1980. This is based on data analyses performed to determine significant environmental change between Transects 1 (control) and 2B (non-nontrol) and assessment of species composition and densities.
I Data indicate that oligochaetes are usually predominate throughout the study area (Figure V-B-2). The most abundant taxa at Transects 1 and 2B in February, May and September were immature tubificids without capilliform chaetae (Tables V-B-3, -4 and -5).
The oligochaetes which were common or abundant at both transects during February were Limnadrilus hoffmeisteri, Paranais frici, and Peloscolex multisetosus.
In May, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri was the dominant species at Transects 1 and 2B. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Autodrilus limnobius i
l were the most abundant worms at Transect 28.
Frequently more chironomid larvae and sphaeriid clams ye found at Transect 2B as compared to Transect 1. This usually resuits in a slightly higher Shannon diversity and evenness at Transect 2B (Table V-B-6) and suggests that the macroinverte-brate community at Transect 2B is as " healthy" or healthier" than that at Transect
- 1. The mean number of taxa and Shannon indices for the back channel were within the range of values observed for other transects in the study area. Differences I
l 41 I
(
OLiGOC H AET A 4
CHIRONOMIDAE ALL OTHERS v>
100 g
e 1
o 90 2
F, "I
80 70 o
W 60
>0 l
3 zo i
p 2c 50 EC o
Fzm cc m
to or t
(L 40 o5 I
o*
~
o 8h p,
20
- D >
m2
! a i a
1 1
,. J (1970-72 1973 1974 1975j (1976 1977 1978 1979 1980j v
v PRE-OPERATIONAL OPERATION A L YEARS YEARS FIGURE V-B-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF TIIE DENTilOS COMMUNITY IN Tile OllIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS M-M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M m
W m
W m
M M
M M
M M
M M
M W.
M M
M M
m M
M M
M m
Table V-D-6 Q
--i MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES O
COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS,1980 2
Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 South Mid North South Mid North Back South Mid North Date Bank Channel Bank Channel Channel Bank Channel Bank Channel Bank G
February 13 g
Oh No. of Taxa 9
2 5
5 5
6 10 13 0
16 Shannon Index 1.52 0.82 1,54 1.69 1.13 1.88 2.19 2.76 1.97 Z C Evenness 0.49 0.82 0.59 0.72 0.39 0.88 0.59 0.74 0.50 h@
cz May 21 h l5 O
No. of Taxa 8
2 6
10 I
Shannon Index 1.79 1.12 1.27 2.57 O
Evenness 0.64 0.48 0.46 0.79 Oo
>7 r[-
September 23 p
rn 2 M
No. of Taxa 9
10 6
6 o
Shannon Index 1.87 2.34 1.98 1.62 N
d Evenners 0.59 0.72 0.72 0.60 l
1 l
l l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I'
observed between Transect 1 (control) and 2B (non-control) and between other transects can be related to differences in habitat. None of the differences could be related to BVPS operation.
During the first quarter of 1980, no significant changes in benthic group and total macroinvertebrate densities were detected from the reporting limits / criteria established for benthos.
Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Composition, percent occurrence and overall abundance of macroinvertebrates has changed little from preoperational years through the current stuof year.
Oligochaetes have predombated the community each year and they composed 83%
of the community in 1980 (Figure V-B-2). A similar oligochaete as emblage has been reported eaci year. Chironomids and mollusks have composed the remaining minor fractions of the community each year.
The potential nuisance clam, g
Corbicula, had increased in abundance from 1974 through 1976, but declined in 3
number af ter 1977. No Corbicula were collected during 1979 or 1980.
Total macroinvertebrate densities for Transect 1 (control) and 2B (non-control) for each year since 1973 are prmnted in Table V-B-7.
Mean densities of macro-invertebrates have gradually increased from 1973 through BVPS Unit I start-up (1976) until the current study year 1980. Mean densities were frequently higher in I
the back channel of Phillis Island (non-control) as compared to densities at u
Transect 1 (control). In years when mean densities were lower at Transect 2B than at Transect I the differences were negligible. These differences can be related to substrate and variability and randomness of sample grabs. Similar or higher total densities of macroinvertebrates in the back channel as compared to Transect 1 indicate that the back channel is as " healthy", if not " healthier" than the benthos of the control transect.
Summary and Conclusions Substrate composition is probably the most important factor controlling the benthic macroinvertebrate community of the Ohio River near BVPS. Sof t muck-E-
I I
E E
E E
Y O
E E
w f71 Odo TABLE V-B-7 Z
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Number /m ) FOR 11tANSECT 1 (CONTROL) AND 11UWSECT 2B (NON QWT00L) DURING PRBOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS BVPS Preoper1tional Years Operational Years 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1
2B 1
2B 1
28 1
2B 1
2B 1
2B 1
28
, 1 28 j
January o
>c February 205 0
703 311 358 200 312 1,100 1,499 2,545 1,029 1,296 March 425 457 C rn Apr!1
>M l
rZ May 248 508 1,116 2,197 927 3,660 674 848 351 126 1,004 840 1,441 747 June 5
40 507 686 O ~o
(
July 653 119 421 410 h1 August 99 244 143 541 1,017 1,124 851 7.5 591 3,474 601 1,896 1,185 588
_O g September 175 32 O>O t
1,523 448 l
October 256 239 T' y November 149 292 318 263 75 617 388 1,295 108 931 386 1,543 812 806 N>
l December T
1 G<
W Mean 231 206 483 643 546 871 631 1,485 421 1,583 709 1,528 856 673 1,198 830 d
l l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
type substrates along the shoreline are conducive to worm and midge proliferation while limiting macroinvertebrates which require a more stable bottom.
The predominant macroinvertebrates were burrowing taxa typical of sof t substrates.
Oligochaeta accounted for over 83% of the macrobenthos. Mollusca, the next most abundant group in 1980, accounted for 10% of the macroinvertebrates.
Community structure has changed little since preoperational years and there was no evidence that BVPS operations are affecting the benthic communicy of the Ohio River.
I I
I I
l I
I 1
E I
I i
I
E sECriON v DuquesNE ticHT CoueANy 5
1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
C.
PHYTOPLANKTON Objectives Plankton sampling shall be conducted to determine the condition of the phyto-plankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit I and to assess possible environmental impact to the phytoplankton.
Methods During the first quarter of 1980, two replicate samples were collected monthly at the surface (1 ft) and bottom (15 f t) at the Transects 1, 2A, 2B, and 3 (Figure V-A- 1). Each sample was a composite prepared by collecting water in a 5 gal carboy from a submersible pump which was slowly towed along the transect.
Separate passes v.sre made to collect duplicate samples. A 1 gal sample was taken from the carboy and preserved with Lugol's solution. This 1 ga! sample was used I
for the analysis of both phytoplankton and zooplankton. Af ter April 1,1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surface and bottom water.
l In the laboratory, a known aliquot of well-mixed sample was concentrated by l
settling, the supernatant was decanted and the concentrate diluted to a final volume. An aliquot of 0.1 mi from the final concentrate was placed in a Palmer-l Maloney cell and examined at 400X magnification. Approximately 200 cells were identifed and counted in each sample. For each collection date, aliquot size was adjusted depending on cell density, however the same area of the Palmer cell was examined for all samples. A Hyrax diatom slide was prepared monthly from a composite of all river samples. This slide was examined at 1000X magnification for the purpose of making positive diatom identification. This information was used as an aid in identifying diatoms seen in individual samples.
I Mean densities (cells /ml), Shannon and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon two replicate surface and two replicate bottom samples.
I g
.7 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Samples for pigment analysis were taken from the 5 gal carboy. Each sample was filtered through 0.45 micron membrane filter. Filters were retained as samples.
Analyses were performed in accordance with " Biological Field and Laboratory Methods"(EPA 1973).
Seasonal Distribution During the first quarter of 1980, phytoplankton was sparce, a common occurrence during tne winter. Total mean densities were between 464 and 838 cells /ml(Table V-C-1). On April 1,1980 the phytoplankton sampling program was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly. Total cell densities of phytoplankton from stations on the Ohio River and in the intake samples have been similar during the past four years (Figure V-C-1). Data from past Annual Ecological Reports also indicate that the species composition has been similar in entrainment samples and those from the Ohio River. Therefore, samples collected frcm the intake bays should provide an adequate characterization of the phytoplankton community in the Ohio River.
Total mean densities increased in May and developed the annu:' maximum of 21,600 cells /ml) in-July (Table V-C-2). Populations decreased sharply in August and increased again in September to a secondary maximum (Figure V-C-2). The I
two peaked cycle of phytoplankton development is common in many large rivers 5
and lakes in north temperate climates (Hutchinson 1967, Hynes 1970). Densities decreased steadily af ter September to low densities normally observed during December.
Diatoms (Chrysophyta) and g een algae (Chlorophyta) were usually the most abundant groups of the phytoplankton during 1980 (Figure V-C-3).
The group Microflagellates were dominant (48%) in February and common (38 and 21%) in June and / vgust. Blue-greens (Cyanophyta) were also common (28%) during August (Table V-C-2). The decrease of phytoplankton densities and shif t of composition in algal groups in June and August was probably due to increased flow and turbidity which were caused by frequent rains during the summer of 1980. Hynes (1970) noted that silty, high water conditions reduce plankton densities and alter the species composition.
g 48 I
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M TABLE V-C-1 MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE O
SURFACE (1 f t) AND BOTTOM (15 f t) SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE GHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, d
O JANUARY 10 MARCH 1980 l
Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x
Group f/ml f/ml f/ml f/ml f/ml i
January Chlorophyta 232 28 143 20 133 24 132 19 160 23 g
Chrysophyta 343 41 273 39 264 47 296 43 294 42 o>g Cyanophyta 113 14 74 10 50 9
69 10 76 11 ch Cryptophyta 26 3
16 2
18 3
11 2
18 3
Microflagellates 119 14 200 28 90 16 178 26 147 21 Cg l
Other Groups 9
1 1
<1 6
1 0
0 4
<1 fg Total 838 101 707 100 561 100 686 100 699 101 rn In O r-l February h
Chlorophyta 142 26 86 18 90 18 92 16 102 20 0._,
l Chrysophyta 139 26 113 24 143 28 221 38 154 30
-O h9 l
Cyanophyta 12 2
5 1
15 3
9 2
10 2
l Cryptophyta 6
1 4
1 4
1 3
<1 4
<1 4" $
Microflagellates 241 45 256 55 251 50 251 43 250 48 A>
l Other Groups 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
d 1
<1 Q
Total 540 100 464 99 503 100 578 101 521 101
-t March Chlorophyta 116 14 84 12 96 17 96 12 98 14 Chrysophyta 462 58 432 63 334 59 542 69 442 62 Cyanophyta 21 3
16 2
12 2
8 1
14 2
Cryptophyta 4
<1 6
1 0
0 4
<1 4
1 Microflagellates 196 24 146 21 122 22 136 18 150 21 Other Groups 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 Total 799 100 684 99 564 100 788 101 708 100
W MO2O TABLE V-C-2 Z
MONMILY PHY10PIANK10N GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml) Am PERCIBf7 COpGCSITION POR EN1RAINMENT Am OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED AT BVPS, 1980 Jan s Peb i Mar I Apr May Jun Group 9/ml 4
g/ml 4
t/ml e
g t f/ml 4
g/mi 4
Chlorophyta 99* (160) 18 (23) 87 (102) 21 (20) 32 (102) 7 (14) 25 6 560 19 180 14 Chrysophyta 256 (294) 47 (42) 105 (!$4) 26 (30) 312 (442) 70 (62) 315 81 1,900 65 580 45 Cyanophyta 33 (76) 6 (11) 9 (10) 2 (2) 7 (14) 2 (2)
"o Cryptophyta 13 (18) 2 (3) 3 (4) 1 ( 1) 1 (4)
<1 (1) 5 1
40 3
C yC Microflagellates 146 (147) 27 (21) 205 (250) 50 (48) 89 (130) 20 (21) 45 12 480 16 480 38 2
Other Croups
<1 (4)
( ll (1)
( 1) 1
( i)
<1 (0) 2 Total 548 (699) 100 (101) 410 (521) 100 (101) 443 (7081 101 (100) 390 100 2,940 100 1,280 100 cg
>W t-2 Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec M
Croup
_grla t
4/ml n
9/ml t
9/m1 4
f/m1 f/ml t
Or p
O5 Chlcrophyta 16,040 74 400 17 6,640 59 4,060 56 1,520 52 64 8
t7 uo Chrysophyta 4,440 21 720
?1 3,960 35 2,940 40 1,050 36 624 79 Oy Cyanophyta 640 28 60 2
12 2
O g cryptophyta 280 1
80 3
80 1
80 1
60 2
20 2
O>O Microflagellatet 840 4
480 21 400 4
200 3
230 8
68 9
7 Oths; Croups 80 1
Fg Total 21,600 100 2,320 100 11,160 100 7,280 100 2.9 20 100 788 100 gy MZ
- D <
- Entralnment semples.
H Values ( ) are means from 16 river samples.
(
W W
W E
E E
E E
E E
E E
E E
E
m m
m M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
?ABLE V-C-3 m
rn O
CHIDROPHYLL a_ AND PHEOPHYTIN CONCENTRATIONS (ug/ liter) d MEAN CONCENTRATION OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES O
COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING JANUARY AND FEBRUARY 1980 Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 Depth:
1ft 15 ft 1ft 15 ft.
I ft 10 ft 1ft 15 ft x
G January 10, 1980 Chlorophyll a, 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.4 2.2 1.8
<0.5 1.5 Zo hk Pheophytin
<0.8
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
< 1. 0
<0,5
<0.5
<0.6
>u Fuoruary 14, 1980 N
Chlorophyll a 0.8 0.9
<0.7 0.6 0.6 1.0
<0.6 1.4
<0.8 O r-3 Pheophytin
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5 1.2
<0.6
%O I
O, 9o O O b,5 W>
rn z Ox
-I
t
{
SECTION V DUQUESlVE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
so_
I lj asaco-
=
Y, -
g N
i iopoo-l
\\
l i
l N',l
~
sooo-3 e
s 3
8 i.
a I
I L9co -
l
\\.
s e
k I
'N i
\\
s'
\\
/
g g.-
s g
/
l
\\
soo-
-.e eso-100-
'seiriuiaiuaaaaiaisioeaiol4,sr uaaaui4 : aiaisioiaao 197s igyy Raven "8
E assoo-
/\\
g
\\
s,
\\
noboo-
'g g
a 2
- Doo*
l
)
n 5
\\
d
,i 3 a.noo-i i
l s
~
s
=
I-l
\\b.
l v.
s.
=-
/
/'
l
/
s l
\\
l
- o-
\\/
e soo-id lF tulaluid lJ ialstotnio J 1Flutatuid lelaistolM ID 1978 1979 FIGURE V-C-1 1EAN TOTAI PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR CHIO RIVER AND ENTRAImiENT (INTAKE) SAMPLF" 1976-1979 l
BVPS 52 I
'I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 22,000 -
I tIl g
20,000 -
l 's l
It i I RIVER II 17,500 -
I I
b--A INTAKE I I I
\\
I g
I5,000 -
i I
I I
I I
iI i
g 12,500 -
I I
g E
I A
I
,8 l\\
I f
]
10,000 -
I
\\l
'a, lI 3
I g
8 N
5,000 -
I i
/
g l
I I /
\\
e I/
\\
Wy
,I 2,500 -
y
\\
I I \\
l
\\
l
\\ l
\\
\\ I
\\
/
si
\\
A I
l g
1,000 -
p
\\
i
\\
I
. v%
/
500 -
l
%AyI f
250 -
I I J l F l M l A 1 M l J l J l A l sI O I N I D 1980 FIGURE V-C-2 I
MEAN TOTAL PHYTOPIANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT (INTAKE) SAMPLES, 1980 BVPS 53
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 25,000 -
CHLOROPHYTA CHRYSOPHYTA CYANOPHYTA 20,000 -
CRYPTOPHYTA / MICRO FLAGELLATES I
15,000 -
I xw 10,000 -
E E
_l-
.J ll
- d 5,000 -
a 2
RIVER INTAKE 4
l\\
p'%
I\\
1 w
I \\
/
G3 2,500 -
/
1
\\
\\
\\
N
,I 1
\\
D 2
A r'
\\
\\
g g
j\\
\\
f
/
\\
f
\\
\\
I
\\
1,0 0 0 -
f
\\
f
./
l 1
\\l'
- i s
I l
V-1 1
500 -
e, l 1\\
g
/
l
\\
%a I
y
\\
j
\\
,...,y j
\\
2 5 0 '-
..* N /.,
(*.
[
\\
E 100 -
',~
'\\
E i
\\
. ~. '..,
1 J l F l M l A l M l J l J l A l S l 0 l N l 0 l 1980 FIGURE V-C-3 SEASONAL PAMRNS OF CHLOROPHYTA, CHRYSOPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA AND CRYPTOPHYTA/MICROFLAGELLATE DENSITIES WHICH l
f COMPRISED PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE OHIO RIVER E
I AND ENTPAINMENT (INTAKE) OF BVPS 1980 l
l 54 l
[
1 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT In January and February,1980 chlorophyll a_ and phaeophytin concentrations varied little among the sampling transects upstream and downstream of BVPS (Table I
V-C-3).
Concentrations of chlorophyll a ranged from 0.5 to 2.2 ug/l whereas phaeophytin ranged from 0.5 to 1.2 ug/1.
These values are similar to those observed during January and February of previous years (NUS 1976, 1977, 1979, NALCO 1978) Chlorophyll a_ and phaeophytin were not measured af ter April 1, 1980.
l l
l Diversity indices of the phytoplankton during 1980 are presented in Tables V-C-4 1
and V-C-5. Shannon indices ranged from 2.50 to 4.56, evenness values were from 0.58 to 0.88 and richness values were from 1.94 to 5.40. Higher diversities tended I
to be in late summer and fall.
The highest values of Shannon and Richness occurred in December when numerous taxa were common and no taxa were predominant.
Phytoplankton communities are not usually dominated by one or two species during the year. Different taxa generally predominate during each season. The most abundant taxa during winter (January, February and March) were microflagellates; I
Navicula virdula a Chrysophyte diatom, was also dominant in March (Table V-C-6).
The group Microflagellates were small ( 10 um), unicellular, flagellated, organisms which are very difficult to positively identify when preserved. During the spring, Navicula viridula and Nitzschia acicularis were dominant in April and May respectively. Microflagellates were dominant in June when turbid, high water conditions were present in the Ohio River. The most abundant taxa during the l
seasonal maximum in July were Scenedesmus bicellularis, Scenedermus quadricauda l
(green algae) and "small centrics"(diatoms). Small centric diatoms were present in all phytoplankton samples, and include several small (4 to 12 um dia.) species.
i Positive species identification was not possible during quantitative analysis at 400X magnification. Burn mount analysis at 1000X magnification revealed the group i
"small centrics" included primarily Cvclotella atomus, C_.
pseudostelligera, C.
meneghiniana, Stephanidisus hantzschia, and S. astraea. Microflagellates, "small centrics", and a blue-;,.een algae, Coelosphaerium naegelianum, were the most abundant taxa in August when turbid, high water conditions caused a large decrease 1.
i 5:.
s 1
i l
l
TABLE V-U-4 t.n i
rn PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM O
JANUARY 10 70 MARCH 13,1980.
INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE g
SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES 2
BVPS January 10, 1980 Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x
Depth I ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1ft 10 ft 1ft 15 ft 1ft 15 ft No. of ' species 31 32 26 26 28 31 24 23 27 28 O
Shannon Index 4.17 4.'.7 3.66 3.70 3.97 4.24 3.64 3.46 3.86 3.89 Z C Evenness 0.84 0.83 0.78 0.79 0.82 0.85 0.79
.76 0.81 0.81 Cg r-2 In Richness 4.50 4.57 3.71 3.76 4.41 4.68 3.61 3.35 4.06 4.09 rnOC u
hh February 14, 1980 8-3g No. of Species 16 15 18 17 17 16 16 27 17 19 Shannon Index 2.77 2.36 2.56 2.42 2.72 2.49 2.39 3.39 2.61 2.66 rg N>
rn z Evenness 0.69 0.60 0.62 0.58 0.66 0.62 0.60 0.71 0.64 0.63 m.<:
OW Richness 2.36 2.25 2.70 2.60 2.56 2.41 2.38 3.96 2.50 2.80 H
March 13, 1980 No. of Species 26 25 23 20 18 26 25 27 23 24 Shannon Index 3.74 3.71 3.74 3.57 3.41 4.16 3.86 4.03 3.69 3.87 Evenness 0.81 0.80 0.82 0.82 0.81 0.88 0.83 0.85 0.82 0.84 Richness 3.70 3.57 3.40 2.97 2.76 3.98 3.62 3.91 3.37 3.60 m
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M 1
TABLE V-C-5 m
rn O
PHY'IOPLANKTON DIVFRSITY INDICES BY MONTH kOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES
- DURING 1980 BVPS OZ i
Date Jan x Feb x Mar x Apr May Jun No of Si - ias 26" (28)b 34
-(18) 17 (24) 25 21 18 Shannon Index 3.66 (3.87) 2.50 (2.63) 3.36 (3.78) 3.82 3.28 3.26 G8.
Evenness 0.78 (0.81) 0.65 (0.640 0.82 (0.83) 0.82 0.75 0.78 Zo Richness 3.90 (4.07) 2.20 (2.65) 2.68 (3.48) 4.02 2.50 2.38 hC rn
>u r-Z Date Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 5
$05 No. of Species 30 16 32 24 33 37 24 O%
0 O Qg Shannon Index 3.61 3.45 4.10 3.54 3.73 4.56 3.57 i
rg l
Evenness 0.74 0.86 0.82 0.77 0.74 0.87 0.78 m>
rn Z Richness 2.90
?. 94 3.33 2.59 4.01 5.40 3.1:s ON
-4
- Indices for January, February and March are monthly mean values from six samples (one collected per 4 hrs. for 24 hrs.).
Remaining indices are values from one sample collected each mnth.
i "Entrainment samples.
bVale, in ( ) are means from 16 riv e samples.
W TABLE V-C-6 mO D8N81 TIES (Number /sl) OF MOST ABUNDANT PHY10PI ANETW TAXA (fifteen most abundant on any date) COLLECT 8" d
FROM MiB NBf CLMBERLAND POOL, 0H10 RIVER AND ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES O
JANUARY DIROUGH DECEMBER 1980*
Z BVPS Taxa Jan a Feb x Mar a M
g Jun Jul Ay M
Oct Nov No CTANOPHYTA Anabaena sp.
., 0 Aphanizoeneon flos-aquae 21 (47)
Coelosphaerium naegettanus 400 Oset!!atoria sp.
120 oo Schtsothrix calcicola 12 (28) 7 (7) 7 (9) 120 12 O>g CHEDHOPHYTA c
Actinastrum hantaschii 240 2O Ankistrodesmus convolutus 3
(3) 40 360 480 100 20 2 C Ankistrodesmus falcatus 9 (14) 7 (6) 1 (2) 10 260 20 360 560 160 110 4
Cm chlamydomonas globosa 2
(9) 12 (15) 3 (6) 40 40 40 40
>M I
Coetastrum cambricum 800 Dietrosphaerium pulchellum (10) 8 (2) 160 m
Lagerhelsta quadriseta 520 80 60 10 OC Macractinin musillum ~
3 (16) 5 (12) 120 8
Oo u
00 Pediastrum duplex 320 I
O Scenedessus acuminatus 640 H
g Scenedessus bicellularis 8
(6) 3 (4) 40 6,080 1,880 2,120 890
-O 0>O Scenedesmus obliques 440
=
d Scenedessus quadricaude 5 (10) 3 (2) 5 (6) 3,200 120 680 340 100 40 Schroederia settgera 4
(2)
'I)
Selenastrum minutus 20 520 40 200 480 W>
Sphaerocystis schroeter1 480 160 M2 N
Tetrastrum l abrum 3
560 320 160 40 Chlorophyta I 59 (76) 47 (54) 17 (66) 15 200 120 1,120 200 1,200 300 280 12 y
CHRYSOPHYTA q
Achnanthes minutissima 20 20 20 40 30 44 Asterionella formosa 19 (48) 61 (68) 67 (59) 10 20 90 28 Cymbe11a ventrteosa 5
40 40 to Diatoma tenue 3 (3)
(7) 15 40 Diatoma vulgare 10 (5) 7 (9) 10 20 10 16 Dinobryon sertularia 15 30 4
Fragilaria crotonensis 240 Freq11 aria vaucheriae 5
(8) 40 40 10 Comphonema parvulum 10 20 20 10 8
Melostra ambigua 120 200 Melostra distans 7
(9)
(4) 120 1,720 320 12 Meiostra granulata 600 360 220 56 Melostra varians 16 (4) 5 (4) 12 (20) 35 40 280 70 32 Navicula cryptocephala 19 (14) 3 (6) 25 (31) 5 60 Of 40 20 20 88 Navicula viridula 20 (22) 1 (7) 93 (124) 115 80 120 40 40 40 48 Nitzschia ecicularis (12) 5 900 20 120 40 100 10 12 Nitzschia agnita 300 m
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
w ITI O
TABLE V-C-6 (Continued) d O
Taxa Jan a Feb u Mar x M
May Jun Jul M
Sep Oct Nov Dec Z
Nitzschia diss19ata 14 (7) 1 (4) 9 (28) 60 20 80 40 30 48 Nitzschia palva 3
(5) 2 (2) 9 (17) 10 40 60 120 80 20 20 32 Skeletonema potamos 200 1,260 30 8
Synedra f!!! formis 31 (52) 2 (8) 3 (12) 5 120 20 40 10 16 syn.dra ulna 5
40 80 12 synura uvella 5
60 12 Small centrics 75 (82) 16 (33) 11 (18) 20 420 120 3,520 360
'i6L 560 350 76 CRYP10PilYTA Cryptomonas erosa v
(8) 3 (2)
(2) 5 40 20 0 40 20 50 8
Rhodomonas minute 8 (10:
1 (2) 1 (2) 80 80 40 60 10 12 O
MICROFLAGELLATES 146 (147 j 205 (250) 89 (150) 45 480 480 840 480 400 200 230 68 TOTAL Pl!YTOPLANKTON 548 (698]
410 (521) 443 (710) 390 2,940 1,280 21,600 2,320 11,160 7,280 2,920 788 TOTAL OF MOST ABUISANT TAXA 497 (644) 39 (491) 364 (582) 365 2,920 1,220 20,9?0 2,120 10,400 7,140 2,790 716 yu PERCDIT COMPOSITION OF MOST rZ ABUlOANT PfiY10 PLANKTON 91
'92) 95 (94) 82 (82) 94 99 95 97 91 93 98 96 91 171 mOF
(
u( )Mear densities for samples collected from the Ohio River O~o
" Densities for January, February and March are means from six entra ' wnt samples and 16 river samples collected hI d
l each month. Densities for April through December are results from w ~ entrainment sample collected monthly.
g I
~O O
l
>O I6 M>
m2
'U -
O<
- c H
l l
l 1
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
of phytoplankton densities. Scenedesmus bicellularis and Melosira distans were the dominant taxa in September. Scenedesmus bicellularis continued as the dominan*
species during October and November.
The diatoms, Navicula cryptocephala, Melosira granulata and "small centrics" together with microflagellates were the most abundant taxa in December.
Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Analysis of control and non-control transects emphasizes the comparison of data collected upstream of the plant (Transect 1) to data collected in the back channel of Phillis Island (Transect 2B), which is immediately downstream of the BVPS discharge structure. Plankton samples were not collected at the river stations af ter April 1,1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program. Analyses were performed to determine if reporting limits / criteria were exceeded (See Section III). The reporting limits / criteria were not exceeded during the first quarter of 1980. This verifies the qualitative conclusions that the phytoplankton populations were not changed by the BVPS discharge during the first quarter.
Comparison of Preoperation and Operational Data The seasonal succession of phytoplankton varied from year to year, but overall the phytoplankton has remained generally consistant. Phytoplankton communities in running waters respond quickly to changes in water temperature, turbidity, nutrients, velocity and turbulence (Hynes 1970).
The phytoplankton of the Ohio River near BVPS generally exhibited a bimodal pattern (Figure V-C-4). During the preoperational year 1974, total dansities peaked in August and October while in the operational years of 1976 through 1979 mean peak densities occurred in June and September. Phytoplankton densities displayed a bimcdal pattern in 1980 (Figure V-C-4). The small, tertiary peak in May should not be considered a true population peak brause the population increase during the spring was interrupted in June by high water and increased turbidity from frequent heavy rain showers. In general, the phytoplankton in 1980 was similar to those of greoperational and operational years. No major change in community structure was observed during 1980. The slight variations in the phytoplankton community between 1980 and the previous years were natural fluctuations and were not a result of BVPS op: cations.
I I
e0 I
3 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E
1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 30,000 -
1974 Jan.-July, Aug.-Oct. Y 1974 8 75, Nov.8 Dec. '975 1976,1977,1978,81979 ( Average )
1980 t
20,000 -
/ \\g
/
's
/
y
\\,/
10,000 -
i R
I l
l
\\.
\\
I 5,000 -
g' I
l l
\\
\\.
i j
t/\\
m Id 4,000 -
I t
a i
/
\\
\\ /,',.
u a
e l
I I
f 3,000 -
g I
l
\\\\
?
l l.
'\\
I
\\
3
{\\
2,000 -
I g
I i
.\\
l l
\\
\\
I I
/
/
,\\
i.=o -
l l
I I
1 l
500 -
I e'
f
%./
,/
250 -
/
~.,,/
g O
l J l F l M l A l M l J l J l A l S l O l N l 0 l FIGUFI V-C-4 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PHYTOFLANKT' :4 DENSITIls IN THE OIIIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL. (1974-197 ') AND OPEPATIONAL I
(1976-1980) YEARS 61 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
Yearly mean shannon diversity indices from 1974 to 1980 were similar, ranging from 3.57 in 1980 to 4.36 in 1975 (Table V-C-7).
Evenness values were also similar, except during 1973 and 1974 when values were lower. From 1975 to 1980, evenness ranged from 0.73 to 0.83. The greatest possible evenness diversity value is 1.0 and would occur when all individuals are evenly distributed among species.
The mean number of taxa each year ranged from 19 in 1973 to 40 in 1975, both E
preoperational years. Number of taxa during operational years ranged between 24 5
ar.d 39 and were within the range observed during preoperational years.
I Summary and Conclusions Tne phytoplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS exhibited a seasonal pattern similar to that observed in previous years and a pattern common to temperate, lotic environments. Total cell densities were within the range observed during previous years.
Results of sampling during 1980 gave no evidence to indicate that BVPS Unit 1 operational adversely affected the Ohic, River phytoplankton.
1 1
I I
I 62
TABLE V-C-7 PHY10PIANK70N DIVERSITY INDICES (MEAN OF AI.h SAMPLES 1973 to 1380)
NEW CUMBER 1AND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER BVPS g
MO7) - Jan. Feb. Mar. Ah h Jun. Jul. Ag ,SA M2 We, Dec. .a y No. of species 7 2 13 24 27 28 30 24 17 16 19 Q shannon Indeu 1.55 0.54 No 0.63 1.64 2.28 3.55 3.72 No 3.37 3.25 3.27 2.38 svenness 0.33 0.15 Sample 0.!! 0.25 0.35 0.55 0.52 sample 0.50 8.54 0.53 0.38 Richness 1.24 0.29 1.50 2.63 3.!? 3.61 3.46 3.24 2.59 2.80 2.48 Illi No. of Species 12 8 17 22 44 46 47 60 34 47 34 shannon Indes 2.96 2.23 3.18 3.50 4.89 4.40 4.03 4.25 3.85 5.02 3.83 g ,,g,,p, Eveness 0.55 0.46 0.57 0.50 0.62 0.62 0.56 0.55 0.54 6.58 0.56 Richness 2.55 1.82 3.05 3.74 5.56 5.45 5.46 6.49 4.77 5.44 4.43 s. 1111 oo No. of Species 52 34 43 32 40 40 O I " 88"P ' 4.53 4.22 4.17 4.22 4.48 4.36 O Shannon Inden Z,C Evenness 0.80 0.83 0.81 0.87 0.05 0.83 0 Richness 5.57 3.96 4.99 3.92 6.19 4.91 Z C 1226 Cm > v> No. of Species 31 35 31 38 47 49 46 43 38 33 33 38 39 p7 Shannon Inden 3.98 4.36 3.90 4.25 4.14 4.27 4.25 4.30 3.93 4.16 4.24 4.45 4.19 m svenness 0.00 0.85 0.78 0.81 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.00 0.75 0.03 0.83 0.85 0.00 M Richness 5.15 5.89 4.92 4.70 4.68 4.79 4.72 4.34 3.85 4.1# 4.95 5.79 4.83 OC e Oc
- M
{I No. of Species 20 28 31 24 36 30 44 39 37 32 33 27 32 d g Shannon Inden 1.96 3.31 3.00 2.78 4.16 3.52 4.36 4.26 4.29 3.92 4.12 4.09 3.64 -O O Evenness 0.44 0.70 0.61 0.60 0.80 0.72 0.80 0.01 0.82 0.78 0.82 0.83 0.73 >O Sichness 3.14 4.57 4.44 2.95 3.51 2.77 4.63 4.26 3.87 3.98 4.18 3.12 3**
- r-T IIII W>
No. of Species 37 29 32 42 28 42 36 37 35 37 34 35 A2 s Shannon Indes 4.08 3.68 3.77 4.67 3.30 4.16 3.95 4.17 3.81 3.99 3.80 3.99 T< Evenness 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.87 0.69 0.78 0.77 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.76 0.10 0.78 O Richness *I C I /d 1211 No. of Species 16 19 36 34
- 27 34 24 29 25 28 38 27 shannon Indes 3.49 3.36 3.?*
3.22 3.78 3.84 4.10 3.88 4.12 4.01 3.68 4.32 3.80 Evenness 0.84 0.82 0.88 0.62 0.74 0.01 0.80 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.77 0.83 0.81 Richness 2.97 2.64 3.36 4.69 4.08 2.98 3.46 2.72 3.26 3.52 3.57 5.19 3.54 II8E No. of Species 28 18 24 [5 21 IS 30 16 32 24 33 37 - 24 shannon Inden 3.88 2.64 3.78 3.82 7.28 3.26 3.61 3.45 4.10 3.54 3.73 4.56 3.57 Evenness 0.01 0.64 0.83 0.82 0.75 0.78 0.74 0.86 0.82 0.77 0.74 0.87 0.78 Richness 4.f i 2.65 3.49 J.02 2.50 2.38 2.90 1.94 3.33 2.59 4.01 5.y 3.15 No data Data represent single entralnment samples nillected a mthly.
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT D. ZOOPLANKTON Objective Plankton sampling shall be conducted to determine the chndition of the zoo-plankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit I and to assess possible environmental impact to the zooplankton. Methods During the first quarter of 1980, zooplankton ramples were one liter aliquots which were taken from the Lugol samples previously described for phytoplankton. One liter samples were filtered through a 35 micton (.035 mm) mesh screen. The portion retained was washed into a graduated cylinder and allowed to settle for a minimum of 24 hr. The supernatent was drawn off to 10 ml. One milliter of this thoroughly mixed concentrate was placed in a Sedgwick-Raf ter cell and examined a.t 100X magnifications. All zooplankters within the cell were ides tified to the lowest practicable taxon and enumerated. Mean densities (individual /1), Shannon and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon two replicate surface and two replicate bottom samples. Seasonal Distribution The zooplankton community of a ri.er system is primarily composed of protozoans and rotifers (Hynes 1970, Winner 1975). The zooplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS during preoperational and operational monitoring years was I primarily composed of protozoans and rotifers. m g On April 1,1980 the zooplankton sampling program was reduced to one entrain-ment sample collected monthly. Total organism density of zooplankton from the Ohio River and entrainment samples have been similar during the past four years (Figure V-D-1). Also, the species composition has been similar in samples collected from the Ohio River and Intake bays. Therefore, samples collected from the Intake bays should provide an adequate characterization of the zooplankton community of the Ohio River. I 64
I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I '"1 ,s / \\ f,s sm- \\ l >\\ v / \\ l / l ?, \\ / I l 'I
- =-
l l \\ s \\ I ,I \\ i k I \\ \\ e l l I \\, 2e g i = i.s 1, i i SCO-I., g s M' l 'a A s' ,/ ' t y r l V 100-Id aF 1 as 6 a i is 6 d 6 J 't 4 iSi0ta10 die t >0Aau44 8 'd Iais006m604 6974 1977 l
- 0000" aiwan I
i n tan s ( f' I / s a h , 'sg,1 i 's n a epo0- \\ l s s e i \\, l l \\ = i i \\l 8 i a Y l = i E' i /'~~~ I 8 soo-1 A \\ \\ / s, l ,r' s ,I l A e l \\ l V \\ ll \\ aoo- \\I ^ E ,_ y ' '+- IJ l F 1 e I a 6 as i J 44 tai 310tuIO J $ F 4 u I a i es i J l4 1aist04=10t l-1978 1979 1 t 1 FIGURE V-D-1 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DE LOIES FOR OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAIPMENT (INTAKE) SAMPLES 1976-1979 BVPS
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMP ANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT During 1980, protozoans and rotifers accounted for 98% or more of all zooplankton on a!! sampling dates (Table V-D-1 and V-D-2). Total organism densities during the winter and early spring (January through April) were less than 410/ liter. Lowest total density during 1980 was 270/ liter which occurred in April (Figure V-D-2). Total organism densities increased slightly in May and June. A secondary
- naximum of total densities occurred in July and the annual maximum occurred in October. This population trend was similar to the one which occurred in the 1974 preoperational year (Figure V-D-2 Zooplankton populations in the Ohio River usually exhibit a bimodal pattern. The maximum zooplankton density in the Ohio River near BVPS frequently occurs in the spring, although high water conditions and turbidity can sometimes alter or delay the maximum until summer or early fall.
This effect of floods and turbidity on plankton commt.nities has been v described by Hynes (1970). I The seasonal pattern of zooplankton densities observed in the Ohio River near BVPS is typical of temperate climates (Hutchinson 1967). Zooplankton densities in winter are low primarily due to low water temperatures and limited food availability (Winner 1975). In the spring, food availability and water temperatures increase which stimulate growth and reproduction. Zooplankton populations decrease during the fall and winter from the summer maximum because optimum conditions for growth and reproduction decrease during fall and winter. Densities of protozoans during January through June of 1980 were between 300 and 390/ liter except during April when densites were 190/ liter (Table V-D-3). Protozoans increased in July to 1620/ liter. High water conditions and turbidity caused a sharp decrease of protozoan populations to 380/ liter in August. The densities increased in September until the seasonal maximum of 3010/ liter was reached in October. Protozoans decreased in November and December to densities near 700/ liter. The most common protozoan during 1980 was Vorticella sp. which dominated the protozoan assemblage during seven months (Table V-D-4). The most abundant protozoans in the other months were Cyclotrichium (February), Strombidium (July), Codonella cratera (August), Difflugia acuminata (September), I 66 I
TABLE V-D-1 rn MEAN ZOOPLANK' ION GROUP DENSITIES (Number / liter) AND PERCDIT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE O SURFACE (1 f t) AND BOT'10M (15 f t) SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER g NEAR BVPS, JANUARY 'IO MARCH 1980 z Sampling Transect 1 _ No. 3 x No. 1 No. 2A No. 23 Group 9/_1 g/l t 9/1 g/l t 9/1 January C Protozoa 311 72 219 69 412 87 301 74 311 76 o Rotifera 116 27 91 30 58 12 104 26 93 23 Crustacea 6 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 3 1 2c Total 433 100 315 100 474 100 406 101 407 100 Cp rZ February in TU h{ Protozoa 304 97 296 97 279 94 346 92 306 95 m N Rotifera 9 3 8 3 18 6 31 8 16 5 tt hH Crustacea 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 gg Total 313 100 304 100 297 100 377 100 322 100 >s March F6 $y Protozoa 408 88 392 85 315 90 240 93 339 88 Rotifera 52 11 70 15 32 9 le 7 43 11 'U.< k Crustacea 2 1 0 0 5 1 0 0 2 1 Total 462 100 462 100 352 100 258 100 384 100 H
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT = .I I t 2 3
- 2 m
M = %x .I : a a a a g R. 3 : "n = 5 eaa e.a .i : a 2 l 2 5-2 a a a a o. R 4 .I E a~ I E k U.c
- a
- : aa S
h
- a
= g g6
- l
,= 5 .i = 2 8 2 2 : : : ~ 2 "b da = 3 s g A 3 2 a2 a - a - 3 3& 4 1 i e m 5 Dl 3 g (( $EE5 .l E E~5 .o a a I a a a a
- a. $
1 R
- A 2
8
ce
a [E 2 0 2 ~ l [ 2 l t.iI = g 1 ~ I 3 3 8 a a a a C " ~ S R R h 3 n# 5 E ~ l g .= 3 .I : 2 ~ s o n
- : : g i
~ g % C ~ 2 a s 2 E
- 2 a
3 b i i P g o i l 3 8 8 8 2 8 g a 3 3 4 a 3 3 2 2 8 8 2 8 % : 1 2 = l 0 % eU & G 2 eaC 0 E a 68
E '7 . i. E H.' .~ 4 E E LA MO -4 O TABLE V-D-3 7 DENSITIES (Number / liter) OF MOST ABUNDANT EOOPIANETON TAXA (Greater than 24 on any date) COLLECTED j FROM THE NEW CtMBERLAND POOL, OHIO RIVER AND ENTRAllMENT SAMPLES JANUARY THROUGH DECEPBER 1980* BVPS M Jun Jul_ A3 Sep Oct Now g Jan 5 Feb u Mar a M y Taxa Co PROTOSOA O 20 30 g Arcella sp. 14 (9) 8 (6) 5 (18) 10 10 20 30 >C Acropisthium sp. 190 60 20 2 C Bursaria sp. 3 (1) 10 20 60 30 CM Centropyxis sp. codonella cratera 15 (12) 3 (8) 8 (22) 20 40 40 370 200 80 30 30 160 ( Colpidium sp. 16 (34) 5 (7) IS 30 Cyclotrachium sp. 70 (116) 60 (103) 30 (56) 10 m CJ ohoderia ampulla 1 (1) 2 (8) p 690 ~ Difflugia acuminata 1 2 0O m Difflugia sp. 2 (1) 3 (8) 10 p Epistills sp. 10 (20) 15 (12) O 2 (2) 10 10 10 O Eugtygga compressa 20 -O Lionotus sp. 50 (67) 2 (1) 0 O 20 Nebela caudata 4 2 (4) 10 Parameetum sp. 1 (2) 2 (9) 2 (4) 10 10 3 T Strobilidium avrans 187 (68) 40 10 470 N> 650 10 130 420 150 20 Strobilidium sp. 2 Tintinnidium fluvitale 10 O Trachettus sp. Vortice11a sp. 54 (143) 38 (50) 83 (108) 140 310 190 120 120 140 1,710 360 60 pg Holophyrid clllate 1 (3) 10 50 100 70 10 -4 Oxytrich citiate 2 (1) 2 Sactorian ciliate (1) 2 (1) 20 10 10 C11 tate Unidentified 4 (8) 11 (16) 15 (20) 10 40 50 90 10 30 40 10 30
M TTI Od O2 TABl.E V-D-3 (Continued) Taxa Jan a _Feb 5 Mar I J Jul M Sep Oct Nov Dec A Ma y j y ROTIFERA Asplanchna sp. 6 (3) 1 (4) 5 (2) 10 Bdelloids 5 14) 3 (4) 10 10 10 arachionus bidentatus 2 Brachionus calciflorus 220 10 10 Kellicottia longtsp M (4) 10 O y serate11a cochlearts 28 (58) 2 (2) 3 (5) 10 20 20 $10 30 110 380 70 f Keratella quadrata 1 f Lecane sp. 1 (2) 10 cg Monostyla ep. 10 yu Ploesome sp. 100 F 'Z Polycrthra dolichoptera 4 (12) (1) 5 (7) 10 330 10 100 130 80 10 A m synchaeta sp. 10 80 10 80 210 80 50 O g-Tricocerca pusilla 160 20 280 0 ~o yo Tricocerca sp. 10 1y Rotifer Unidentified 4 (12) 3 (8) 7 (12) 40 20 10 70 60 80 30 30 Og CRUSTACEA O ~ Cyclops bicuspidatus thomaal 2 10 O Cyclopold copepodits >p Naup111 1" Q W> Total zooplankton 230 (407) 208 (322) 396 (384) 270 $30 420 3,110 490 2,020 3,820 1,030 700 mz Total of Most Abundant toplankton 225 (402) 201 (312) 395 (366) 270 530 420 2.880 450 1,930 3,550 1,030 600 'OO< Percent Compositon of Most Abundant zooplankton 98 (99) 97 (97) 100 (95) 100 100 100 93 92 96 93 100 86 W -I ( ) values for samples collected from the Ohio River " Densities for Jareuary, February and March are means from sin entrainment samples and 16 river samples collected each month. Densities for April through December are results from one entrainment sample collected monthly.
m M M M M M M M M TABLE V-D-4 rn ZOOPLANK10N DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED PROM JAt;dARY 10, FEBRUARY 14, Q AND MARCH 13, 1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE g SURFACE AND BO'I"IOM SAMPLES Z BVPS January 10, 1980 Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x Depth 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft 1 f t_ 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft No. of Species 14 14 10 10 11 14 10 10 11 12 O 1 h Shannon Index 3.08 2.60 2.57 2.47 2.44 2.02 2.38 2.50 2.62 2.40 Z C Evenness 0.81 0.69 0.75 0.73 0.70 0.52 0.70 0.73 0.74 0.67 h@ r-2 M Richness 2.25 1.97 1.68 1,63 1.76 2.09 1.57
- 1. f.0 1.82 1.82 rn g
O5 N
- ~
February 14, 1980 rn Og O 5Q No. of Species 10 11 10 10 10 13 10 14 10 12 >7f Shannon Index 2.56 2.60 2.54 2.66 2.59 2.73 2.58 3.30 2.57 2.82 rn z Evenness 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.82 0.78 0.74 0.76 0.86 0.76 0.79 y<
- c Richness 1.64 1.69 1.67 1.50 1.64 2.05 1.65 2.23 1.65 1.87 H
March 13, 1980 No. of Species 14 13 12 16 11 11 12 11 12 13 Shannon Index 3.10 2.83 3.06 3.35 2.85 2.96 2.91 3.20 2.98 3.08 Evenness 0.81 0.76 0.84 0.84 0.82 0.86 0.82 0.93 0.82 0.85 Richness 2.17 1.91 1.95 2.37 1.67 1.75 1.81 1.93 1.90 1.99
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I i l t 4,000 - f RIVER A I A- - -A INTAKE Ig f \\ / 3,000 - g i f I E ii f \\ W I1 j I \\ \\ E [ \\ g ] 1 1 s I i \\ E 2,000 - I 1 t I t / \\ I \\ / \\ 1o I \\ / \\ z I \\ / \\ I \\ / \\ g 1,000 - ,I g[ A 3 ~ I \\1 's I \\1 4 ,eA~~A A boy' O l J l F l M l A 1M i J l J lA l 5 !O l N I D 1 1980 FIGURE V-D-2 MEAN TOTAL ZOCPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR OHIO PlVER AND ENTRAINMENT (INTAKE) SAMPLES, 1980 BVPS I 72
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I I 5,000 - 1974 Jan.-July, Aug.- Oct. Y 1974 & 75, Nov.8 Dec.1975 1976,1977,1978,81979 ( Average ) I f\\. 1980 4,000 - \\ g \\ \\ I 3,000 - s.l \\ g fg ,s 7s lsv I l ' ~, '\\ \\ e 2,xo -
- i. '-
= \\ \\ I f s e l -l \\ \\ i m s ./ 2 1,000 - g s o z i i g I l l \\. 500 - ,8 t /\\ g v-s I .i s / I I 250 - l ,/ ) j / l O l J l F l M l A l M l J l J l A l S l 0 l N l D l FIGURE V-D-3 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ZO^ PLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOr RATIONAL (1974-1975) AND OPERATIONAL (1976-1980) YEARS I 73 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT and Arcella (December). These taxa have been a main part of the protozoan assemblage of the Ohio River near BVPS since 1972. The Rotifer assemblage in 1980 (Figure V-D-4) displayed a typical pattern of rotifer populations in temperate inland waters (Hutchinson 1967). Rotifer densities increased from a minimum of 12/ liter (mean) in February to a maximum of 1,470/ liter in July (Table V-D-2). Rotifer populations decreased sharply in Augnt when high water levels and increased turbidity were present in the Ohio River. Densities increased to almost 800/ liter in September and October before popula-tions declined to densities of 50/ liter in December. Rotifers were always the second most abundant group during 1980 when rotifers comprised 5% of the zooplankton community in February and 47% of the community in July. Keratella E cochlearis was the most common rotifer during the maximum in July (Table V-D-3). Polyarthra dolichoptera was also a common or abundant rotifer especially from July through December. Brachionus calyciflorus was common in July whereas Trichocerca pusilla was abundant in September. Densities of crustaceans during 1980 reached their peak in September (Figure V-D-4). Crustacean densities were low (0 to 3/ liter) from January through June and increased slightly in July to 20/ liter (Table V-D-2). Densities decreased in August and increased to the second maximum (50/ liter) for Crustacea in September. Populations decreased from October through December. Crustacean densities never exceeded protozoan or rotifer densities and constituted 0 to 2% of the total zooplankton density each month. Copepod nau[.lii were the most numerous crustaceans during 1980. Other crustacean taxa oce., sionally present in low numbers were cyclopold copepodites, Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, and Bosmina longirostris. Crustacean populations were suppressed during the spring and summer of 1980 due to the high water conditions together with increased current and turbidity from frequent rain showers. Crustaceans are rarely numerous in the open waters of rivers and many are eliminated by silt and turbulent water (Hynes 1970). I I I 7* I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I 1' 3000 - PROTOZOA s----e ROTIFERA a i CRUSTACEA l I $ 2000 - I 5 s (t: I 2 35 I h it l \\ ~ I z n w g i o I \\ 2 s' I j 1000 - I 2 y l l \\ l i / \\N I \\ 8 t I I g / \\ I t / \\ -l \\! \\ I I t; \\ E, l \\1 h ~ -,_, #, A ' d. N ) = o 1 J l F l M l A l M lJ l J l A l S l 0 lN 1D l 1980 I FIGURE V-D-4 I MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT (INTAKE) SMiPLES, 1980 BVPS I 7, y I
SECTION Y DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOL OGICAL REPORT I Shannon diversity indices were above 3.00 during the months when total zooplank-ten densities were above 600/ liter (Tables V-D-4 and V-D-5). The exception occurred during the maximum in October when the Shannon Index was 2.88. Evenness ranged from 0.64 in October to 0.82 in July. Richness varied from 1.12 in May to a maximum of 2.60 in December. The number of species ranged from 8 in May to 22 in October. Low diversity indices in April, May, June and August reflect g the adverse river conditions which commonly occurred during the spring and 3 summer of 1980. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects During the first quarter of 1980, the zooplankton species composition of Transect 1 (control) was similar to that at Transect 2B (non-control) located 0.5 mi (0.8 km) downstream of BVPS discharge structure. Zooplankton densities at Transect I we s similar to those at Transect 2B especially at I f t depths (Table V-D-1). The maximum difference which occurred in March was less than 1.8 times. Diversity indices were similar between Transect I and Transect 28 during the first quarter in 1980. Zooplankton samples were not collected from stations on the Ohio River af ter April 1,1980. Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data The population dynamics of the zooplankton community during the seasons of preoperational and operational years is displayed in Figure V-D-3. Total zoo-plankton densities were lowest in winter, usually greatest in summer and transi-tional in spring and autumn. This pattern in the Ohio River sometimes varies from year to year which is normal for zooplankton populations in other river habitats. Hynes (1970' concluded that the zooplankton community of rivers is inherently unstable and subject to constant change due to variations of temperature, spates, current, turbidity and food source. Mean total densities of zooplankton during 1980 were frequently higher than those of preoperational years (1973-1975) and similar g to those observed during operational years (1976-1980)(Table V-D-6). E The species composition of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable during preoperational and operational years. The common or abundant 76
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-D-5 i m i rn Q ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAIliMENT SAMP'.ES, 1980 i BVPS 3 Z Date Jan i Feb 5 Mar 5 Apr May Jun No. of Species 11 (12) 10 (11) 9 (13) 10 8 15 Shannon Index 2.65 (2.51) 2.55 (2.69) 2.21 (3.03) 2.41 2.00 2.91 Evenness 0.76 (0.70) 0.79 (0.77) 0.69 (0.83) 0.72 0.66 0.74 >a C Zo Richness 1.84 (1.82) 1.62 (1.76) 1.52 (1.94) 1.61 1.12 2.32 2c E$ ez Date Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 5 m M N 05 N No. of Species 21 15 18 22 18 18 15 rI 8Q Shannon Index 3.63 2.79 3.23 2.88 3.26 3.36 2.82 >r Evenness 0.82 0.71 0.77 0.64 0.78 0.80 0.74 rn 2 Richness 2.49 2.26 2.23 2.55 2.45 2.60 2.05 ]-< lc -i
i i l l i m TABLE V-D-6 MEAN IOOPIANE70N DENSITIES (Number / liter) BY MONTH FROM 197311 TROUGH 1980, ORIO RIVER AND BVPS O2 Total Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. l Sooplankton 1973 50 90 154 588 945 1,341 425 180 87 l 1974 78 56 96 118 299 625 4,487 3,740 1,120 4,321 1975 4,426 3,621 1,591 2,491 623 1976 327 311 347 10,948 2,516 5,711 3,344 3,296 3,521 518 446 577 1977 147 396 264 393 5,153 4,128 1,143 1,503 3,601 553 934 486 l 1978 31 30 20 35 403 1,861 1,526 800 1,003 435 297 60 1979 357 96 228 534 2,226 599 2,672 4,238 950 370 542 550 >- 1980 410 (230) 322 (208) 385 (393) 270 530 420 3,110 490 2,021 3,820 1,030 700 oo Protozoa O 1973 45 63 82 188 56 331 346 135 58 > 1974 50 42 72 91 138 409 1,690 716 1,006 4,195 - 2g 1975 835 3,295 1,141 2,239 452 2c 1976 278 274 305 10,774 1,698 6 1,903 1,676 808 425 396 492 Cm 1977 135 365 236 312 4,509 2,048 808 947 2.529 401 825 344 J> M 1978 18 14 14 27 332 1,360 407 315 256 222 227 26 F2 1979 312 64 188 380 2,052 459 340 712 609 326 4S4 328 (T1 M 1980 311 (177) 306 (195) 339 (370) 190 390 370 1,620 380 1,100 ? al0 760 640 O[ NRotifera O c) 08 1973 5 25 64 388 859 1,001 75 43 27 I Z 1974 26 12 22 24 155 213 2,783 2,939 115 120 - O.4 1975 3,339 313 444 250 164 -n 1976 48 36 38 169 808 4,864 1,398 1,597 2,643 89 48 78 O>O 197? 12 31 26 76 631 1,984 328 539 1,022 147 108 136 7 1978 29 33 15 14 16 24 72 61 67 47 22 48 I6 1979 44 33 37 151 172 135 2,255 3,482 324 42 86 220 N> 1980 93 (51) 16 (12) 43 (23) 80 140 50 1,470 110 790 780 260 50 mZ Crustacea T*0< 1973 1 1 3 12 29 9 3 2 2 1974 2 2 3 3 6 3 14 85 7 6 1975 51 12 6 3 6 1976 2 1 5 4 10 141 43 23 69 3 2 8 1977 2 5 13 96 7 17 50 5 1 6 1978 4 6 3 2 6 48 12 27 75 9 5 5 1979 <1 0 3 3 2 4 8 44 17 2 2 2 1 1980 3 (3) 0 (2) 2 (d) 0 0 0 20 0 50 30 10 10 "No sample collected.
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I protozoans during the past seven years have been Vorticella, Codonella, Difflugia, Strombilidium, Cyclotrichium, Strombilidium, Arcella and Centropyxis. The most I numerous and frequently occurring rotifers have been Keratella, Polyarthia, Synchaeta, Branchionus and Trichocerca. Copepod nauplii have been the only crustacean taxa found consistently. Comparisons between zooplankton densities at Transect I and Transect 2B during preoperational and operational years failed to isolate any consistent difference attributable to BVPS operation (Table V-D-7). Community structure, as compared by diversity indices, has been similar curing the I past 8 years (Table V-D-8). In previous years low diversity indices and number of species occurred in winter; high diversities and number of species usually occurred in late spring and summer. In 1980, the diversity indices and species numbers remained relatively low until June which was caused by a delay of the zooplankton peaks attributed to high water and increased turbidity. Shannon diversity indices in 1980 ranged from 2.00 I to 3.63 and were consistant with the range of 1.80 to 3.28 that occurred during preoperational years to 1973 to 1975. The variation in evenness during 1980 (0.66 to 0.80) was at the upper portion of the range reported from 1973 to 1979 (0.21 to 0.93). I Summary and Conclusions Zooplankton densities throughout 1980 were typical of a temperate zooplankton community found in river habitats. Total densities were similar to those reported in previous years, although the population peaks were frequently delayed or I interrupted by increased current and turbidity caused by high water conditions from frequent rain showers. Protozoans and rotifers were always predominate. The common and abuna,t taxa in 1980 were similar to those reported during preoperational and other operational years. Shannon diversity, number of species and evenness were within the ranges or slightly greater than those of preceeding years. Total densities and diversity indices of the control (Transect 1) and non-control (Transect 2) were not different in the first quarter of 1980 from those of I previous years. Based on the data collected during the five operating years (1976 I 79 I I
(A (T1O TABLE V-D-7 jo MEAN TOTAL EOOPLANETON D8NSITIESa (Number / liter) FOR TRANSBCT 1 (CONTROL 2 (NONM%rrFROL) DURING FRHOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS ( AND TRANsBCT 28 BVPS 4 Preoperational Years Operational Yearr 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1 28 1 28 1 28 1 2B 1 2B 1 28 1 2B 1 28 January 77 47 460 240 195 105 22 24 38 5 255 446 475 February 70 44 46 27 345 235 398 318 35 21 90 100 312 296 C March 92 85 375 330 325 243 30 15 255 145 462 352 O >C April 124 37 150 74 10,,163 11.998 478 225 24 24 625 227 20 Z h@C May 188 92 353 160 2,275 2,590 4,890 5,450 377 352 2,048 .',86 5 i-2 June 647 0 519 610 6,658 5,500 3,453 4,620 2,018 1,568 512 670 rTi g h gly 896 925 6,085 3,794 3,288 3,190 1,148 1,205 1,525 1,412 2,576 2,852 O t-7 August 1,127 1,768 3,894 3,360 4,243 3,575 3,303 3,605 1,628 1,375 780 885 3,925 4,085 Og O September 1,397 1,060 4,255 2,860 4,065 3,093 3,660 3,620 930 998 900 825 g October 427 392 3,597 3,965 1,568 1,695 533 465 610 505 335 470 435 330 ~ November 229 785 635 2,600 2,308 408 51'O 775 513 311 272 455 938 hm. C) < December 67 265 185 645 498 583 393 578 368 65 37 698 390 M -i "Neans were calculated based upon duplicate surface ard duplicate bottom sa,aples combined. Blanks represent periods when no collections were mad.. E E N E M M E E E
E M TABt.E V-D 8 MEAN EOOPLANK10N DIVUtSITY IDE) ICES BY MON 111 FROM 1973 THROUGH 1980 IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS o Jan
- Fel, Mar Apr.
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct_ Nov Dec g O2 19.L3 b Number of Species a 8.44 15.29 21.28 25.07 21.96 22.86 16.33 14.40 14.30 Shannon Inden 1.80 3.06 3.08 2.79 2.25 2.20 2.21 2.31 3.10 Evenness 0.37 0.63 0.58 0.46 0.39 0.36 0.37 0.44 0.61 1974 Number of Species 14.64 9.18 14.92 17.75 23.25 15.56 21.14 18.89 9.56 14.47 Shannon Inden 3.18 2.53 2.91 3.06 3.25 2.32 3.28 2.24 2.15 1.84 Evenness 0.62 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.55 0.41 0.60 0.41 0.42 0.30 00 1975 O Number of bpecies 24.75 18.75 14.38 17.44 15.38 >g Shannon Index 3.20 1.86 2.90 2.01 3.20 c-Evenness 0.69 0.44 0.77 0.49 0.82 20 2 C C] 1976 Number of Species 7.00 9.13 8.69
- 17. i 19.19 23.56 28.06 23.50 23.56 11.19 8.75 11.75 7
Shannon Index 1.67 2.64 2.24 0.89 3.06 2.33 3.34 3.63 2.76 2.73 1.60 2.64 g Evenness 0.60 0.84 0.73 0.21 0.72 0.51 0.70 0.80 0.61 0.79 0.51 0.75 O~o 977 I Number of Species 4.00 10.00 12.00 13.31 21.00 25.62 22.88 25.50 36.75 16.88 20.31 15.31 O d Shannon Inden 1.53 2.59 3.01 2.98 3.15 3.45 3.32 3.60 3.71 3.35 3.42 3.42 9 Evenness 0.78 0.79 0.87 0.81 0.72 0.74 0.73 0.77 0.71 0.82 0.79 0.86 -o OO3 1978 Number of Species 0.12 7.12 4.33 5.12 7.62 6.25 10.25 11.25 12.50 0.25 10.88 10.38 T N> Shannon Index 2.48 2.41 1.'J 1.70 1.53 1.33 2.50 2.44 2.53 2.28 2.15 2.00 Evenness 0.83 0.85 0.74 0.71 0.52 0.50 0.76 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.62 0.83 O 1979 y Number of Species 10.62 6.00 10.25 15.88 17.25 14.25 16.88 21.50 18.12 12.00 14.42 14.00 y Shannon Inder 2.51 2.52 3.05 3.42 2.36 3.02 2.42 3.30 3.36 2.99 2.84 3.10 l Evenness 0.74 0.93 0.90 0.86 0.58 0.80 0.60 0.74 0.80 0.84 0.74 0.83 i 1980 Humber of Spa-les 11.62 11.00 12.50 10.00 8.00 15.00 21.00 15.00 18.00 22.00 18.00 18.00 i Shannon Index 2.51 2.70 3.03 2.41 2.00 2.91 3.63 2.79 3.23 2.88 3.26 3.36 Evenness 0.70 0.78 0.84 0.72 0.66 0.74 0.82 0.71 0.77 0.64 0.78 0.80
- Blanks represent periods when no collections were made.
( Value cannot be verifled. l l l l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I through 1980) and the three preoperating years (1973,1974, and 1975), it is concluded that the overall abundance and species composition of the zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable and possibly improved slightly over the seven year period from 1973 to 1980. No evidence of appreciable harm to the river zooplankton from BVPS Unit 1 operation was found. The data indicate that increased turbidity and current from high water conditions have the strongest g effects of delaying the population peaks and temporarily decreasing total zoo-a plankton densities in the Ohio River near BVPS. I I I I I I I I' I I I I I u I
i I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY ! '30 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT ) E. FISH Objective To detect changes which might occur to fish populations in the Ohio River near BVPS. I Methods Adult fish su ve, were performed in the months of May, July, September and November 1980. During each survey, fish samples were collected at the three study areas transects (Figure V-E-1), using gill nets and electrofishing gear. Cast seining was conducted during November. I Gill nets, consisting of five, 25 f t panels of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 inch square mesh were used. Twc nets were positioned perpendicular to shore, and with the small mesh inshore, at each transect. As transect 2 consists of the main river channel (2A) and the btck channel, south of Phillis Island (2B), a total of eight gill nets were cet per sampi:ng month. Nets were set for approximately 24 hours and alt captured fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighted (g). Electrofishing was conducted using a boat-mounted boom electroshocker. Direct I current of 220 volts and two to four amps were generally used. Shocking time was maintained at 10 minutes per station for each survey. The shoreline areas of each transect were shocked and large fish processed as described for the gill net collections. Small fish were immediately preserved with 10% formalin and returned to the laboratory for analysis in the following manner. All game fish were measured and weighed individually. Samples of non-game fish containing 30 specimens or less were measured individually and weighed together. Samples of I non-game fish containing more than 30 specimens were subsampled. Total lengths were recorded for 30 randomly chosen specimens, and a batch weight obtained for the entire sample. The length range was chosen by visual inspection of the largest and smallest fish. I I s3 g I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I i I I s I I I M!OLANO I D e r I 7 l e e =-._ s' f ^ ssIsV 7 7 - x - ems ume-a uu44x :s.4 .e. p t cssemas l 'T
::w
1"fchd**' Gill Netting O H IO_, 9li/EF g I //// - Electrofishing O Sampling Station FIGUPI V-E-1 FISH SAMPLING STATIONS BVPS 34 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LICHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT !I Cast seining was conducted from the boat using a 10 f t seine. Three hauls were performed at each station. All captured fish were preserved and processed in the l laboratory in the manner described for electrofishing. Results Fish population studies have been conducted in the Ohio River near BVPS since 1974 to present. These surveys have reported 52 fish taxa captured (Table V-E-1). In 1980, specimens of 27 fish taxa were collected, with two species (golden redhorse and freshwater drum) that had not been captured previously. A combined l total of 699 individuals were collected in 1980 by electrofishing, gill netting and i seining (Table V-E-2). I A total of 557 fish, representing 23 taxa, were collected by electrofishing (Table V-E-3). Emerald shiners, sand shiners and bluntnose minnows dominated the catch numerically, accounting for 75.6% of the total electrofishing catch. I Collectively, the minnow family accourited for 87.5% of the total electrofishing catch in 1980. Gizzard shad (another forage species for. the larger predator l g 5 species) represented 2.5% of the catch. The mon abundant sport species were l 1 smallmouth and spotted basses which composed 3.1% and 2.2%, respectively. Each l l of the other taxa accounted for less than 1% of the total. Most of fish were collected in May (33.6%), with the fewest collected in November (15.4%). Species composition varied between the November and the other three collecting periods. This variation may be explained by higher water elevations and increased turbidity of the river during November. Under these conditions some species, particularly lI carp and y adfish, may move into the shallow, shoreline areas, where the velocity is less. P wever, territorial species such as bass and sunfish will probably remain at %.. selected locations, covered by higher water. This situation results in carp and goldfish becoming more susceptible and the sunfish s being less vulnerable to electrofishing. Small forage species such as minnows and shiners, although still present in the shoreline areas, were not collected in large numbers because they were more difficult to see in the swif t, turbid water. Table V-E-3 shows this shif t in the species composition with electrofishing between November and the three
- I
,I I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAS.Y 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-E-1 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME)(* FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLETED IN THE NEW CUMBERIAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1980 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Comon Name Lepisosteidae (gars) Lepisosteus osseus Longnose gar Clupeidae (herrings) Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Alosa chrysochloris Skipjack herring Esocidae (pikes) Esox lucius Northern pike E E. masquinongy Muskellunge g E. lucius X E. masquinongy Tiger muskellunge Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Carassius auratus Goldfish Cyprinus carpio Carp C. auratus X cyprinus carpio Goldfish-carp hybird l Notropis cornutus Comon shiner 3 N,. atherionoides Emerald shiner N. rubellus Rosyface shiner g N,. spilopterus Spotfin shiner g N,. stramineus Sand shiner N,. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow l Semotilus atromaculatus Creek chub 5 Campostoma anomalum Central stoneroller Rhinichthys atratulus Blacknose dace Catostumidae (suckers) Carpiodes cyprinus Quillback l Catostomus comersoni White sucker Hypentelium nigricans Northern hog sucker = Moxostoma anisurum Silver rtdhorse M,. duquesnei Black redhorse g M_. erythrurum Golden redhorse 3 M. macrolepidotum Shorthead redhorse Moxostoma spp. Redhorse Ictiobus niger Black buffalo I E u I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-E-1 (Continued) I Family and Scientific Name Common Name I Ictaluridae (bullhead catfishes) Ictalurus catus White catfish I. melas Slack bullhead I. natalis Yellow bullhead I I_. nebulosus Brown bullhead I, punctatus Channel catfish I Percopsidae (troat-perches) Percopsis omiscomaycus Trout-perch Cyprinodontidae (killifishes) I Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Percichthyidae (temperate basses) Morone chrysops White bass Centrarchidae (sunfishes) Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass I Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed L. macrochirus Bluegill I Micropterus dole nieui Smallmouth bass Spotted bass M. punctulatus M_. salmoides Largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis White crappie P_. nigromaculatus Black crappie Percidae (perches) Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter E. zonale Banded darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch I Stizostedion canadense Sauger S. vitreum vitreum Walleye Scicenidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum I I*I Nomenclature follows Bailey et al. (1980). I I g Sr I
TABLE V-E-2 NLsEBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY ELBCTROFISHING (E), GILL NETTING (CN) AND SEtNING (S) AT TRANSETS IN THE NDt CUMBERIAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1980 () BVPS --l O Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 28 Transect 3 Annual Percent of 7 Taxa E GN Total E GN Total B GN Total E GN 8 Total Total Annual Total Glazard shad 4 4 7 7 1 1 2 2 14 2.0 Northern pike Tiger muskellunge *I 1 1 1 0.1 I 1 1 1 2 0.3 Goldfish 3 3 1 1 2 1 3 7 1.0 Carp 27 1 28 4 4 4 1 5 9 3 12 49 7.0 Sand shiner 42 42 52 52 9 2 42 42 145 20.7 Spottin shiner 1 1 2 2 1 1 4 0.6 Emerald shiner 67 67 32 32 56 56 60 104 164 319 45.6 oo Mimic shiner 8 8 1 1 2 2 1 O 3 4 15 2.1 O Bluntnose minnow 20 20 21 21 15 15 5 5 61 8.7 >C Nhtte sucker 1 1 1 0.1 ZO Qut!!back 1 1 1 0.1 2 C Northern hog sucker 1 1 1 0.1 ] Colden redhorse 2 2 1 1 2 2 5 0.7 p7 Channel catfish 2 2 1 1 1 10 11 14 2.0 m Trout-perch 2 2 1 1 3 0.4 p Nhlte bass 2 2 2 0.3 On CD Green sunfish 1 1 1 0.1 h $nallmouth hans 6 6 4 4 6 6 1 1 17 2.4 spotted bass 6 6 1 1 5 5 1 1 2 14 2.0 0 Largemouth bass 1 1 1 1 2 0.3 ~O Nhlte crapple 2 2 1 3 8 1.1 O 1 2 = .2 3 %d Tellow perch 1 1 1 0.1 Logperch 1 1 1 0.1 T Sauger 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 5 0.7 Na11 eye 4 4 1 1 5 0.1 Freshwater drum 1 1 1 0.1 ON Total 191 4 195 127 7 114 107 1 los 132 23 107 262 699 -i Total number of tasa 14 3 16 13 3 16 15 1 15 16 10 2 22 27 Percent of total transect catch 97.9 2.1 94.8 5.2 99.1 0.9 50.4 8.8 40.8 Percent of total annual catch 27.9 19.2 15.4 37.5 (a) Hybtid of notthern pike and muskellunge e g e m m m M m m M M M M M M M M M M
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-E-3 rn NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MON'HI BY ELECTROFISHING IN THE o NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1980 d DVPS 97 Month Annual Percent of Taxa May Jul Sep Nov 'Ibtal Annual Total Gizzard shad 3 4 7 14 2.5 Tiger muskellunge 1 1 0.2 Goldfish 2 4 6 1.1 G $g Carp 5 4 1 34 44 7.9 Sand shiner 36 40 66 3 145 26.0 >c Spotfin shiner 2 2 4 0.7 Emerald shiner 105 48 33 29 215 38.6 C rn Mimic shine 1 7 4 12 2.2 %y Bluntnose minnow 24 28 7 2 61 11.0 rn f" Northern hog sucker 1 1 0.2 O r-h{ l Golden redhorse 2 2 1 5 0.9 Channel catfish 1 1 2 0.4 Og l Trout-perch 1 1 1 3 0.5 9n QO l White bass 2 2 0.4 p l Green sunfish 1 1 0.2 r ;g SmaAlmouth bass 7 7 3 17 3.1 lc > Spotted bass 2 5 4 1 12 2.2 Largemouth bass 1 1 2 0.4 O White crappie 5 5 0.9 h Yellow perch 1 1 0.2 Logperch 1 1 0.2 Sauger 2 2 0.4 Freshwater drum 1 1 0.2 Total 187 158 126 86 557 Percent of total Annual Catch 33.6 28.4 22.6 15.4
w SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANi 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I other sar.1pling periods. This shif t shows carp and goldfish being collected in higher than nornial numbers with sunfishes, and shiners comprising a smaller percentage of the total monthly catch for electrofishing. Numeri';al and species composition differences between transects were not apparent from the electrofishing surveys in the vicinity of BVPS in 1980 (Table V-E-2 and V-E-4). Gill netting yielded a total of 35 fish, representing 11 tar ibles V-E-2 and V-E-5). Channel catfish were the most abundant fis!) cam >%). Walleye and carp were the next abundant species, each representing 1,.3% of the total gill net catch. Sauger and white crappie each accounted for 8.6% of the catch. The remaining catch consisted of spotted bass (5.7%), with northern pike, tiger muskellunge, goldfish, white sucker and quillback each accounting for 2.8% of the total (Table V-E-5). I The gill net catch varied by month from a high of 13 fish caught in July to a low of 6 fish collected in May (Table V-E-5). The mean annual gill net catch was 2.2 fish, and ranged from 0.2 fish at Transect 2B to 5.3 fish at Transect 3 (Table V-E-4). The highest number of collected taxa (10) also occurred at Transect 3 (Table V-E- 2). These data was very similar to the 1979 fish report for this transect. It should be noted that this transect is usually influenced by a heated disc.harge from g a ferrous metal factory (Station 3 North). The warmer waters may attract schools 5 l of forage fish (shad and shiners) into this area which may result in larger predators (sport species) utilizing this area as feeding grounds. This may account for the effectiveness of the gill nets at Station 3 North. Gill nets work on the principle that a fish actively forces its head through an opening and then it is unable to retreat because its gill flaps gets tangled in the mesh. It follows that a predator feeding in this area might be more active and therefore susceptible to captured by this method. A total of 107 fish were captured using cast seines in 1980 (Table V-E-2). The catch was composed of emerald shiners (97.2%) and mimic shiners (2.8%). Transect I I 90 I
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M l TABLE V-E-4 rn NUMBER OF PISH COLLECTED BY GILL NETTING AND ELECHOFISHING AT TRANSECTS IN THE O NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF DIE OHIO RIVER, 1980 d h BVPS t Annual Electrofishing" Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 Total Average May 29 72 40 45 30 187 46.8 July 30 60 32 29 17 158 39.5 g September 24 24 29 4 69 126 31.5 o>a November 26 35 6 29 16 86 21.5 C Zo Z C Total 191 127 107 132 557 Cg Average 47.8 31.8 26.8 33.0 [z rn A w -Gill Netting OC t Oa ry 2 6 1.5 O _i May 22 3 1 July 23 1 12 13 3.2 -O QO, September 24 1 2 1 4 8 2.0 November 19 3 5 8 2.0 F5 Total 4 7 1 23 35 $k Average 1.0 1.8 0.2 5.8 -t "Electrofishing time was 10 minutes / station or 20 minutes / transect for each date. Gill net collection time was 24 hours / station or 48 hours / transect for each date. k
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-E-5 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NETTING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1980 BVPS Month Annual Percent of Taxa May Jul Sep Nov Total Annual Total Northern pike 1 1 2.8 Tiger muskellunge 1 1 2.8 Goldfish 1 1 2.8 Carp 2 1 1 1 5 14.3 White sucker 1 1 2.8 Quillback 1 1 2.8 Channel catfish 1 9 2 12 34.3 Spotted bass 2 2 5.7 White crappie 1 2 3 8.6 Sauger 3 1 1 3 8.6 Walleye 1 4 5 14.3 Total 6 13 8 8 35 Percent of Total Annual Catch 17.1 37.1 22.9 22.9 I I I I I ,2 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I 3 we.s the only area that this method resulted in captures, with 97.2% of the fish eng collected at Station 3 North. Again this station is usually influenced by a heated discharge and the warmer water may be attracting schools of shiners into this area. Gizzard shad were also observed at this station but not captured in the I l seines. l Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data ( Electrofishing and gill net cata, expressed as catch-per-unit-effort, for the years 1974 thorugh 1978 are presented in Tables V-E-6 and V-E-7. These seven years represent two preoperational years (1974 and 1975) and five operational years (1976,1977,1978,1979 and 1980). Fish data for Transect 1 (control transect) and l the averages of Transects 2A,2B and 3 are tabulated separately. Comparisons of the fish population data between preoperational and operational periods, as well as I between control and non-control transects, may be used to detect potential effects of operation of BVPS on fish populations.
- I l
Fluctuations in the total annual fish catches have occurred since the 1974 study. For example, at the control transect, mean electrofishing catches have varied from 645.2 fish / hour in 1975 to 65.6 fish / hour in 1978. Electrofishing values for the 1979 study period were the highest since operation of BVPS, Unit 1 in 1976. However, the 1980 data shows a reduced value of 146.9 fish / hour for the control transect. j Summary and Conclusions The fish population of the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS have been sampled from 1974 to present using a multi-fishing gear approach (electrofishing, gill netting and seines). The results of these fish surveys show normal population structure based on species composition and relative abundance. In all the surveys since 1974 to present, forage species (minnows and shiners) were collected in the highest numbers. This indicates a normal population since sport species and I predators rely heavily on this base for their survival. Variations in annual total l catch are attributable primarily to fluctuations in the population size of the small species. Small species with high reproductive potentials, frequently respond to changes in natural environmental tactors such as competition, food l I e> I
e TASLR V-E-6 ELEC11tOFFSMING M1CN (F15B/10UR) MEANS (s) AT 11UuSSRCTS IN THE N:;si CteeBERIJue POOL OF THE OPIO RIVER, 1974-1980 BVPS M IT1 Treneect 1 Traneoct 2A. 25, 3 b Species M* M M' M' M' M' M80 g,79 y,y,c g,7,c 1900 4 e b o o 4 Gissard shed 2.1 1.3 2.0 3.1 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.3 2.1 2.5 ~Z Tiger maske11onge = = 0.0 4 seoskellunge 0.5 0.3 Nor thern pike = = = = 9.3 Goldfish 0.7 2.3 0.4 Carp 5.9 1.0 12.5 20.8 3.3 0.5 0.7 1.2 6.6 1.2 4.2 Emerald shiner 42.0 441.7 18.7 57.0 22.8 58.4 51.5 67.1 239.9 13.1 31.0 23.9 53.7 37.0 spotfin shiner 0.9 4.s 7.0 0.5 4.3 2.0 6.1 4.9 0.5 0.5 1.0 Sand shiner 57.6 129.1 52.5 95.9 0.0 93.6 32.5 17.4 81.0 52.6 26.2 13.3 45.2 25.0 arisic shiner 3.5 7.0 0.5 1.5 6.2 1.0 1.1 0.3 2.2 1.0 Bluntnose alnnow 33.3 72.3 53.2 57.8 12.8 89.4 15.4 6.1 31.2 45.3 44.9 21.4 40.0 10.2 Creek chub 0.9 0.5 0.5 00 stoneroller = = 0.3 Q 31acknose dace 0.3 0.1 0.3 >C 0.2 White sucker = 0.3 0.5
- 7. O Northern hog aucher 0.7 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
~Z C medhorse 0.3 = = = = = 0.3 Cy = = s!!ver redhorse = 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.3 >u slack redhorse g-* "Z Golden redhorse 1.5 = b.0 Shorthead redhorse 0.6 M [T1 Ye!!aw bu!! head 0.4 0.2 0.2 Ob g Brown bullhead = = 0.2 0.1 Oo 0.4 e Channel catfish I 0.3 1.0 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.5 O.1 Trout-perch 1.5 0.1 0.5 0.2 -i manded k!!!Ifish 0.1 O White basa 0.5 0.1 0.5 h Rock base 0.e 0.1 yj Sunfish (Lepiste) hybrid 0.3 g. Green sunfish 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 T Pumpkinseed 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.5 N> Bluegit) 6.6 1.5 3.C 0.5 1.9 0.6 0.2 0.3 1.4 0.2 M 'Z smallmouth base 0.9 2.3 3.0 0.3 0.5 4.6 0.0 Y 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.9 2.0 O< spotted base 0.9 2.7 2.6 4.6 0.4 2.7 2.1 1.5 Largemouth base 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 N White crapple 1.5 0.1 0.4 d Black crapple 0.5 0.3 0.2 Johnny das ter 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 Yellow perck 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 BalPerch 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.2 Saages 0.5 W.11 eye 0.5 Freshwater drum 0.2 Tutal 15c.9 645.2 139.4 215.9 65.6 250.6 146.9 106.5 359.2 325.3 122.0 72.5 153.6 91.3 "MAY-JUL AUG,35W
- MAY-SEP,sEN MAY JUL, SEP AND NOV g
M M M M M E
m m m m m m M M M M M M m m m TABLE V-E-7 tn CII.I. NET CA'iCH (FISH /24 HOUR) MEANS (a) AT WANSBCTS IN WE NIRf CUMBER 1AND IOOL MO OF THE ORIO RIVER, 1974-1980 d BVPS o Transect 1 Transect 2n d a, 3 Z 8 b d d 4 d d Species 1974 19M 1976 1977 1978 3,79 1980* 19?4* 1975 1976' 1977 gg79 3,79 1980' Iongnose gar 0.2 Cizzard shad 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 <0.1 Northern Pike 0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Muskellungs <0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Tiger muskellunge Coldfist. <0.1 0.1 <0.1 $ Carp 0.8 1.2 0.1 0.4 0.6 <0.1 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 oo O Coldfish a Carp hybrid 0.1 0.1 >g Quillback 0.1 0.2 <0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 C White sucker 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 20 Black redhorse <0.1 0.1 <0.1 2 C Silver redhorse <0.1 <4.1 C] Black bullhead 0.1 Brown bullhead 0.4 0.1 0.2 <0.1 <0.1 I Yellow bullhead 0.1 M WhAte catfish <0.1 OC Oo channel catfish 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 2 $ Rock bacs 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 O d Creen sunfish 0.1 0.1 0.1 o Pumpkleeed 0.1 -O Blueg!!! <0.1 O O Smallmouth bass 0.1 (0.1 <0.1 K t.argemouth bass 0.2 <0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 'U Spotted bass 0.2 0.7 0.1 <0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 N> Black crappie 0.1 <0.1 0.1 <0.1 M.g 2 White creppte 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1 O Yellow perch 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.,1 p Walleye 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 0.2 l Sauger 0.2 0.1 0.1 <0.1 0.2 0.3 <0.1 Total 1.8 3.4 2.2 3.2 2.9 0.8-1.3 0.4-0.5 2.2 3.1 1.5-2.2 3.6*4.3 1.3-1.9 1.3-1.9 1.2-1.6 "MAY, SEP, NOV AUG, SEP, NOV
- MAY-SEP dMY-SEP, NOV
'MAY, JUL, SEP, NOV
SECTIOi ' DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I availability, cover and water quality with large changes in population size. Thus, these fluctuations are naturally occurring and do take place in the vicinity of BVPS. It is important to mention that while variation in total catches has occurred, species composition has remained fairly stable. Since the initiation of studies in 1974, forage fish of the family Cyprinidae have dominated the catches. Emerald shiners, sand shiners and bluntnose minnows have consistently been the most numerous fish. Carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch and walleye have all remained common species. I Differences in the 1980 electrofishing and gill net catches, between the control and non-control transects were consistent with previous years (botn operational and preoperational) and are most likely due to the habitat preferences of individual species. Carp, gizzard shad, channel catfish and sauger were more abundant at the non-control transects (2A, 2B and 3), while sand shiners and bluntnose minnows were more numerous at the control transect (1). I Shiners and minnows were the most abundant fish species in the Ohio River near BVPS and have experienced fluctuations in population size in-both the preopera-l tional and operational study years. Differences in fish abundance above and below BVPS probably reflect the habitat preferences of individual species. Data collected from 1975 to 1980 do not indicate that fish populations in the study area have been adversely affected by BVPS operation. I I I I 9e I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I F. ICHTHYOPLANKTON Objective To monitor the extent fishes utilize the back channel of Phillis Island as spawning and nursery grounds. This is important because of the area's potential as a spawning ground and relative proximity to the BVPS discharge structure. I Methods l Four monthly surveys were conducted during the primary spawning season for most resident species (23 April, 21 May,19 June, and 22 July). One surface and one bottom collection were taken at Transect 2B (back channel of Phillis Island) during each survey (Figure V-F-1). Tows were made in a zig-zag fashion across the channel utilizing a 0.5 m conical 505 micron mesh plankton net. A General Oceanics Model 2030 digital flowmeter, mounted centrically in the net mouth, was used to determine the volume of wa*.er filtered. Samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin containing rose beagal dye. I In the laboratory, ichthyoplankton was sorted from the sample and enumented. Each specimen was identified to its stage of development and lowest pos ible 3 taxon. Densities of ichthyoplankton (#/100 m ) were calculated for each sample using flowmeter data. Results A total of 12 eggs, 215 larvae, and one adult were collected in 1980 (Table V-F-1). Seven taxa representing five families were identified. Cyprinidae spp. (minnows and carps) accounted for 89.5% (one egg,202 larvae, one adult) of the total catch. Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) was the only other taxon represented by more than a single specimen; it represented 3.9% (nine larvae) of the total catch. A total of 10 eggs (4.4% of the total catch; 83.3% of the total eggs) were j unidentifiable. One egg could not be identified to species based on the available taxonomic information, j l Surveys on 23 April and 21 May each yielded only a single specimen, one t unidentifiable egg and one yellow perch larvae (Perca flavescens), respectively lI 'I I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I I. I' l N I I / I Mickwo fl l A 'A 4 dd l A3 A2 l Al sma u. e3
7 u,m
j a mu x u.. k vcsNwn A A 23 g l 1^,thd "' OHIO IV:R A Surface Tows A Bottom Tows FIGURE V-F-1. IunInrOPIANK"ON SAMPLING STATIONS BVPS 98 1
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-F-1 i g ra NUMBERANDDENSjTYOFFISHEGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES,ANDADULTS h (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITH A 0.5 m PLANK' ION NET IN THE 5 OHIO RIVER BACK C".ANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 28) Z NEAR BVPS, 1980 l l l Date Depth of Collection Total Collected and l 23 April Surface Bottom Taxa Density Vol. water filtered (m ) 118.9 118.8 237.7 No. eggs collected 1 0 1 O kE No. larvae collected 0 0 0 No juveniles collected 0 0 0 2c No. adults collected 0 0 0 h@ Density (number collected) rn Eggs OC Unidentifiable 0.89 (1) 0 0.42 (1) hO I I oH l Total d<asity (number collected) 0.89 (1) 0 0.42 (1) o Fio 21 May gg m h$ Vol. water filtered (m ) 106.8 81.3 188.1 No, eggs collected 0 0 0 y< No. larvae collected 1 0 1
- c No. juveniles collected 0
0 O H No adults collected 0 0 0 Density (Number collected) l Larvae Perca flavescens (YL)* 0.94 (1) 0 0.53 (1) l Total density (number collected) 0.94 (1) 0 0.53 (1) 1 l
TABLE V-F-1 (Continued) m rn Date Depth of Collection Total Collected and O 19 June Surface Bottom Taxa Density g Z 3 Vol. water filtered (m ) 55.9 78.4 134.3 No, eggs collected 5 5 10 No, larvae collected 1 1 2 No, juveniles collected 0 0 0 No. adults collected 1 0 1 Density (number collected) G Eggs y Unidentified 1.79 (1) 0 0.74 (1) >f Unidentifiable 7.16 (4) 6.38 (5) 6.70 (9) 26 yC Larvae Catostomides app. (YL) 1.79 (1) 0 0.74 (1) {h Percidaes Etheostomatini (YL) 0 1.28 (1) 0.74 (1) Adults O t-3 Notropis athenoides 1.79 (1) 0 0.74 (1) O Total density 12.52 (7) 7.65 (6) 9.68 (13) @H 89 22 July >-f F6 %) Vol. water filtered (m ) 127.7 71.3 199.0 No. eggs collected 0 1 1
- c.
O< No. larvae collected 168 44 212 p No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 H No. adults collected 0 0 0 Density (number collected) Eggs Cyprinidae app. 0 1.40 (1) 0.50 (1) Larvae Dorosoma cepedlunum (EL) 3.92 (5) 5.61 (4) 4.52 (9) Cyprinidae spp. (YL) 1.57 (2) 4.21 (3) 2.51 (5) Cyprinidae app. (EL) 120.60 (154) 51.90 (37) 95.98 (191) Cyprinidae spp. (LL) 4.70 (6) 0 3.02 (6) Pomoxis spp. (YL) 0.78 (1) 0 0.50 (1) Total density 131.56 (168) 63.11 (45) 107.04 (213) M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-F-1 (Continued) m Depth of Collection Total Collected and O Yearly Totals Surface Bottom Taxa Density 3 Z 3 Vol. water filtered (m ) 409.3 349.8 759.1 No. eggs collected 6 6 12 No larvae collected 170 45 215 No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 No. adults collected 1 0 1 Density (niunber collected) G Eggs l Cyprinidae app. 0 0.29 (1) 0.13 (1) Unidentified 0.24 (1) 0 0.13 (1) Zo Unidentifiable 1.22 (5)
- 1. A 3 (5) 1.32 (10)
$C >m u Larvae Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) 1.22 (5) 1.14 (4) 1.19 (9) h2m Cyprinidae app. (YL) 0.49 (2) 0.86 (3) 0.66 (5) O r- _o Cyprinidae app. (CL) 37.63 (154) 10.58 (37) 25.16 (191) pC Cyprinidae spp. (LL) 1.47 (6) 0 0.79 (6) O% Catostomidae spp. (YL) 0.24 (1) 0 0.13 (1) O g Pomoxis spp. (YL) 0.24 (1) 0 0.13 (1) O O hy Percidaes Etheostomatini (YL) 0 0.29 (1) 0.13 (1) Perca flavescens (YL) 0.24 (1) 0 0.13 (1) m> Adults M2 Notropis athernoides 0.24 (1) 0 0.13 (1) O< W Total density (number collected) 43.24 (177) 14.58 (51) 30.04 (228) -4 i
SECTION V DUQt'ESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Il, (Table V-F-1). Most (93.4%) ichthyoplankton was taken during the 22 July survey. 3 Sampling on this date yield the highest density (107.04/100 m ) ever recorded at this station (Table V-F-2); most (91.7%) were cyprinid early larvae. Eggs were found in highest abundance on 19 June (Table V-F-1); 83.3% of the total were collected. While none could be positively identified, most were probably cyprinid based on general characteristics of the egg and the abundance of minnow larvae that were subseque'ntly collected. s Comparison of Pr aoperational and Operational Data While species comoosition was similar to that found in previous years, cyprinid larval densities were substantially higher. Whether this will result in more successful minnow recruitment is debatable. Most (94.5%) of the minnows were early larvae, a very brief life stage during which substantial natural mortality is known to occur. I Summary and Conclusions As in previous years, cyprinids dominated the 1980 ichthyoplankton catch from the back channel di Phillis Island. Peak densities of minnows occurred in June and July and consisted mostly of the early larval stage. Little spawning was noted in April and May with percids and catostomids dominating the catch in those months. No substantial differences were observed in species composition or spawning activity of most species over previous years. I I I I l l I l I l 102 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-F-2 3 DENSITY OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON (Number /100m ) COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHAM EL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B) NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976-1980 I Date Density Date Density 1973 1978 12 April 0 22 April 0 17 May 0 5 May 0 j 20 June 16.10 20 May 0.98 l 26 July 3.25 2 June 4.01 16 June 12.15 2 July 13.32 I 1974 16 April 0 24 May 0 1979 I 13 June 6.98 19 April 0 26 June 9.25 1 May 0 16 July 59.59 17 May 0.81 1 August 6.85 7 June 0.39 I 20 June 11.69 5 July 14.82 1976 I 29 April 0.70 19 May 0 1980 18 June 5.99 23 April 0.42 2 July 6.63 21 May 0.53 15 July 3.69 19 June 9.68 29 July 4.05 22 July 107.04 1977 14 April 0 11 May 0.90 l 9 June 24.22 = 22 June 3.44 7 July 3.31 20 July 28.37 lI I l I I 103 !I
I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I G. FISH IMPINGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.7) Objective Impingement surveys were conducted to monitor the quantity of impinged fish on the traveling screens. Methods Impingement surveys were conducted weekly throughout 1980 (Table V-A-1). Except when technical difficulties delayed sampling, weekly fish impingement sampling began on Thursday mornings when all four traveling screens were washed and a collection basket of 0.25 inch mesh netting was placed at the end of the screen washwater sluiceway (Figure V-G-1). On Friday mornings, af ter approxi-mately 24 hours, each screen was washed individually for 15 minutes (one complete revolution of tne screen) and all aquatic organisms collected. Fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g). Data was summarized according to operating intake bays (bays that had intake pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period) and non-operating intake bays. Results The BVPS impingement surveys of 1976 through 1980 have resulted in the collection of 31 species of fish representing nine f amilies (Table V-G-1). A total of 108 fish, representing 17 species (21 taxa) was collected in 1980 (Table V-G-2). Emerald shiner were dominant with 29.6% of the total annual catch, followed by channel catfish (19.2%), and bluegill (17.3%). Smallmouth and largemouth basses accounted for 7.7% and 3.8%, respectively. Carp with four specimens represented 5.8% of the total. No endangered or threatened species were collected (Common-wealth of Pennsylvania 1979). In addition, 211 crayfish and 40 clams were also collected on the traveling screens in 1980 (Table V-G-6). One black crappie, a species not collected in previous years, was collected in 1980. All fishes ranged in size from 22 mm to 256 mm, with the majority under 100 mm. The total weight of the yearly collection was 0.46 kg (1.02 lbs)(Table V-G-2). I 104
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-G-1 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME) FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTD DURING THE IMPINGL W SURVEYS, 1976-1980 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Common Namq Clupeidae (herrings) Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Cyprinus carpio Carp Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner I N_. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N_. stramineus Sand shiner N_. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notates Bluntnose minnow Catostomidae (surners) Carpiodes cyprinus_ Quillback I Catostomus commersoni White sucker Moxostoma carinatum River redhorse s Ictaluridae (bullhead catfishes) I Ictalurus natalis Yellow bullhead I, nebulosus Brown bullhead
- 1. punctatus Channel catfish I
I_. catus White catfish Noturus flavus Stonecat Percopsidae (trout-perches) I Percopsis omiscomayeus Trout-perch Cypr'inodontidae (killifish) Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Centrarchidae (sunfishes) I Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish l L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed L_. macrochirus Bluegill I l Micropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass l M_. salmoides Largemouth bass M_. punctulatus Spotted bass Pomoxis annularis White crappie P_ nigroraaculatus Black crappie I 105 I
SECTiON V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 'I TABLE V-G-1 (Continued) I Family and Eeientific Name Common Name I Percidae (perches) Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch Stizostedion vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum (a) Nomenclature follss Bailey et al. (1980) I ~ I I I I Il I' 106 I
m M M M M M W M M ~ M M w M O TABLE V-G-2 _-t a O Stae4ARY OF FISH COLLBCTED IN IMPINGD4ENT SUR*.**YS CONDUCTED PCR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD 7 PER WEEK DURING 1980 BVPS I Operating Intaks Bays *I Hon-Operattnq Intake Bays Percent Alive Dead Alive Dead Length Frequency of Percent Weight Weight Weight Weight Ranga Taxa Number Occurrence Ccumposi tion Number . (gj. Number JL Number (q) Number (q) (mus) Gissard shad 1 1.9 0.9 1 163.0 256 2 Carp 4 5.0 3.7 2 2.0 1 1.0 2 3.0 1 1.0 25-53 Do Sand Shiner 2 3.8 1.9 1 1.0 1 2.0 42-73 O Emerald shiner 37 26.9 34.3 1 1.0 17 21.7 1 0.8 18 19.5 33-77 >C 2O Common shiner 1 1.9 0.9 1 1.0 34 I#I2 C Shiner (Notropis sp.) 3 3.8 2.8 1 (c) 2 (c) 41 Channel catfish 21 19.2 19.4 5 12.4 10 30.0 4 7.0 2 7.0 40-126 CM yg Yellow bullhead 5 5.8 4.6 1 1.0 1 1.0 1 1.0 2 2.0 24-32 g2 Bullhead (!ctalurus sp.) 1 1.9 0.9 1 1.0 22 m Trout-perch 2 1.9 1.9 1 2.0 1 3.0 64-67 gg Smallmouth bass 4 7.7 3.7 1 2.5 1 20.0 2 27.0 60-118 O~ Largemouth bass 3 3.8 2.8 2 19.0 1 6.0 85-104 r.- Green sunfish 1 1.9 0.9 1 11.0 94 O 42-111 C) q Bluegill 13 17.3 12.0 4 10.0 1 18.0 4 32.5 4 11.1 Sunfish (Lepomis sp.) 1 1.9 0.9 1 1.0 24 "Ogh White crapple 1 1.9 0.9 1 2.0 56 y Black crapple 1 1.9 0.9 1 1.0 40 p-togperch 1 1.9 0.9 1 1.0 58 T I Johnny darter 2 3.8 1.9 1 (c) 1 1.0 47 Walleye 2 3.8 1.9 1 8.0 1 9.0 46-91 m4 Unidentifiable 2 3.8 1.9 1 (c) 1 (c) (c) ()W TOTALS 108 16 215.4 38 79.2 19 96.3 35 71.6 '-l Percent of Totals 14.8 46.4 35.2 17.1 17.6 20.7 32.4 15.4 (a) Intake bays that had intake pumps operating within the '24 ha sampling period (b) Intake bays that had no pumps operating within the 24 hr sampling period (c) No weight or length obtained for damaged fish
l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT FIGURE V-G-1 INTAKE STRUCTURE BVPS ............c.... itn...,, f.. n a. N n..'...,s ,/ .*it.... .... i.., 4 J /fi' !!.!!'!:!'i' i! !!!!....., g%,$;.%,1 " 19 - s il iit = = l ~ ::::n.n.==..
- N
..~ 'jpQ;(% ~ q-w 3 .r
- ,::::::n,,
- p; .a f,r u , e _.,p, 3-i Ij . y[ g)lg' ?$ ii., it.,.... l p s IL ** * - f,,'R y- .l.itilte.8.lft. FL.# 3 3 p g.3.gf r g.. 5(.( f.v g.g...s g t.t.i.4 ..,(. *fi g (3 h et C. i, M.5 f. ) (Three dimensional: Cutaway View) Eg $~ -l M i M3 d ..es a n.: = =, g 4 q (" "" ,,,,,c j! r nug g,",,' [1, g 1 I :inat. 8V28,f 3 eaa ( eaft e ,/( {' 'f"' m3*.*I:.a~ nj i g { pwin un,wr l! y P9 av gbm. =, l;! ! l *l.i'.'_*i.'_.'Eh
- sNE, t
w$l .'EI. ***' j 3 j 'CXl:T" li
- c'
? o r.v. : e. E C i1 i l /p N, I. u \\ ct...u- ) 1 (Two dimensional: Side view) 103
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I The temporal distribution of the 1930 impingement catch follows closely with the pattern of catches of previous years (1976 to 1979) (Tables V-G-3 and V-G 4). During each year, the largest numbers of fish are collected in the winter months (January-February) and then the catch gradually decreases until July-August when I another small peak occurred. Comparison of Impinged and River Fish A comparison of the number of fish collected in the river and traveling screens is presented in Table V-G-5. Five species of fish were collected only in the impingement surveys, while 15 snecies were taken exclusively in the river. The major difference in species composition between the two collections is the absence of many large species in the impingement collections. Four species of suckers and redhorses, and six species of sport fish (tiger muskellunge, northern pike, white g G. bass, spotted bass, sauger and yellow perch) were not collected in the impingement surveys. Those sport fish which were collected on the traveling screens (channel catfish, smallmouth bass, ard walleye) were smaller than individuals of those species collected by river sampling. Minnows and shiners constituted a larger percentage of the river collections than in the impingement collections. Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating Intake Bay Collections I Of the 103 fish collected during the 1980 impingement studies, 54 (50%) were collected from operating intake bays and 54 (50%)from non-operating intake bays (Table V-G-2). However, due to differences between the number of operating (74) and non-operating (119) screens washed in 1980, the impingement data were computed with catch expressed as fish per 1000 sq m of screen surface area washed. These results showed 4.1 and 2.5 fish for operating and non-operating screens, respectively. As in previous years, the substantial number of fish collected in non-operating bays indicates that fish entrapment, rather than impingement, accounts for some of the catch. Entrapment occurred when fish were lif ted out of the water on the frame plates as the traveling screen rotates. Alternatively, when fish were impinged they were forced against the screens due to velocities created by the circulating water pumps. I 109
m TABLE M 3 m O StpMARY OF IMPINGDIENT SURVEY DATA FOR 1980 Sves OZ Number of Floh Collected River Operati Non-Operatig Intake Bays Intake Elevation Date Number Percent of Intake Bays Intake Bays Operating Nater Above Mean Month g Collected Annual Tbtal Alive Dead Alive Dead A, B, C D Temp. F Sea Level January 4 3 2.2 2 1 0 0 X 36.0 665.4 11 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X 34.8 664.7 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 36.2 666.2 25 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X 35.2 663.8 rebruary 1 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X 33.0 664.5 O>g 8 2 1.9 0 1 0 1 X 33.2 664.6 c 15 2 1.9 0 1 1 0 X 34.9 664.8 Zg 22 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X 37.4 664.5 2c 29 6 5.6 1 1 1 3 X 34.5 665.8 Cm March 7 2 1.9 0 1 0 1 F 37.0 666.5 >M 14 17 15.7 1 10 2 4 3 36.G 667.0 I2 21 9 8.3 1 3 1 4 38.0 668.5 m 28 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X 42.0 667.0 OC April 4 2 1.9 0 0 0 2 X 44.0 670.0 Oo C 11 8 7.4 0 0 1 7 X I.'E O 22 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X X 48.0 666.0 O.4 g 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 49.0 664.5 -O May 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 52.0 667.5 O>O 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 53.0 664.5 7 23 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X 58.4 667.0 I$ 30 1 0.9 0 0 1 0 X 61.5 664.2
- A3 >
i June 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 61.5 666.0 AZ ]< 13 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X 58.5 666.0 20 3 2.2 0 0 2 1 X 61.9 664.8 y 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 66.5 664.2 q l July 3 2 1.9 0 0 0 2 X 60.0 664.0 15 5 4.6 0 0 3 2 X 68.0 664.9 i l 18 3 2.2 0 0 2 1 X 71.0 664.5 l 25 3 2.2 0 3 0 0 X X 69.0 665.5 l August 1 2 1.9 0 1 0 1 I X 67.8 664.5 8 5 4.6 1 3 1 0 X X 66.8 665.0 15 1 0.9 1 0 0 0 X X 66.5 667.3 22 4 3.7 0 3 1 0 X X 63.c 666.0 l 29 2 1.9 0 1 1 0 X X 66.5 664.0 September 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 67.9 664.2 12 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X X 65.8 664.3 19 3 2.2 2 1 0 0 X X 62.5 664.0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 61'5 664.2 E E E
E E E w m Od TABLX V-C-3 (Continued) O Z Number of Fish Collected River Operating Non-Operatig Intake Baye Intake X1evation Date Number Percent of Ittake Bays Intake Bays Operating Nater Above Mean Month Dy Collected Annual Total Ellve Dead A!!ve Dead A, B C D _Tet*?, F Sea Level October 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 59.4 664.2 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 56.0 664.0 17 1 0.9 0 0 0 1 X X 52.5 664.0 24 2 1.9 1 0 1 0 X X 52.5 664.5 31 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X X 44.0 666.0 c3 November 7 1 0.9 1 0 0 0 X X 44.0 666.0 p 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 43.5 665.5 Zg 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 40.0 666.0 Zc 28 3 2.2 2 0 1 0 X X X 38.5 667.0 Cp December 10 2 1.9 1 1 0 0 X X 39.4 668.3 >M 12 1 0.9 0 1 0 0 X X 38.0 667.5 t~ 2 M 19 2 1.9 1 1 0 0 X X 34.0 666.0 m 26 1 0.9 1 0 0 0 X X 32.0 665.5 OF OB [ Total 108 16 38 19 35 F Z O_ O + -O OO F6 D> (*I Intake bays that had intake pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period. (b) Intake bays that had no pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period. O
(A MO TABLR V-C-4 j O StamART OF FISH CDI.L3CTED IN IMPIEGBGBr? SURVIIS, 1976-1980 2 BVPS 4 Number of Fish Collected 1976 1977 1978 operati Non-operatig Operating Non-operating Operating Non-operating Month Intake Bays Intake says Total Intake Bays Iatake Bays Total Intake says Intake Bays Total January 3,792 2,021 5,813 1,136 2,869 4,005 ISE 41 227 February 1,087 ).034 2,121 3,622 2,039 5,661 99 73 172 s0 March 260 128 380 314 72 386 36 113 149 Do O April 19 11 30 7 3 10 J 1 4 May 5 2 7 3 0 3 >O C 2O June 4 1 5 4 3 7 2 4 6 2 C July 20 12 32 27 5 32 9 3 12 August 27 10 37 6 1 7 6 12 18 September 8 6 14 1 4 5 7 15 22 rZ October 35 8 43 8 3 11 4 14 18 m November 15 4 19 9 0 9 1 2 3 gg December 374 219 593 174 12 186 20 3 23 O ~o O% Total 5,646 3,456 9,102 5,311 5,011 10,322 373 281 654 o-O O O Number of Fish Collected U T 1979 1980 Average 1976-1979 Operating Non-operating Operating Non-ob.arating Operating Non-operating Month Intake Bays Intake Baya total Intake says Intake Bays Total Intake Bays Intake Bays Total mg O Jar.uary 66 16 82 5 0 5 1,295 1,237 2,532 P3 February 9 8 17 5 7 12 1,204 789 1,993 --I March 15 10 25 16 13 29 156 81 237 Apr!! 1 0 1 0 11 11 8 4 12 May 3 1 4 0 2 2 4 1 5 Joms 2 0 2 0 4 4 3 2 5 July 5 2 7 3 10 13 15 6 21 August 20 34 54 10 4 14 15 14 29 September 9 9 18 4 0 4 6 8 34 October 21 6 27 2 2 4 17 8 25 Novembei 7 6 13 3 1 4 8 3 11 Decembei 8 4 12 6 0 6 144 60 204 Total 162 100 262 54 54 108 2,075 2,213 5,088 I*I Intake bays that had intake pumpe operating in the 24 he sampling period. Intake bays that had no pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period. m m
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-G-5 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL 'IOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1980 I BVPS Total Number of Percent of Fish Collected Annual Total Taxa (a) Impingement River Impingement River Gizzard shad 1 14 1.0 2.0 Northern pike 0 1 0 0.1 Tiger muskellunge 0 2 0 0.3 Goldfish 0 7 0 1.0 Carp 4 49 4.0 7.0 I Common shiner 1 0 1.0 0 Sand shiner 2 145 2.0 20.7 Spotfin shint 0 4 0 0.6 Emerald shiner 37 319 36.6 45.6 Mimic shiner 0 15 0 2.1 Bluntnose minnow 0 61 0 8.7 White sucker 0 1 0 0.1 Quillback 0 1 0 0.1 Northern hog sucker 0 1 0 0.1 Golden redhorse 0 5 0 0.7 I Yellow bullhead 5 0 5.0 0 Channel catfish 2i 14 21.0 2.0 Trout-perch 2 3 2.0 0.4 I White bass 0 2 0 0.3 Green sunfish 1 1 1.0 0.1 Bluegill 13 0 13.0 0 Smallmouth bass 4 17 4.0 2.4 I Spotted bass 0 14 0 2.0 Largemouth bass 3 2 3.0 0.3 White crappie 1 8 1.0 1.1 I Black crappie 1 0 1.0 0 Johnny darter 2 0 2.0 0 Yellow perch 0 1 0 0.1 Logperch 1 1 1.0 0.1 I Sauger 0 5 0 0.7 l Walleye 2 5 2.0 0.7 Freshwater drum 0 1 0 0.1 Total 101 699 (a) Includes only those specimens identified to the lowest possible taxa. I 113 I r
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-G-6
SUMMARY
OF INVERTEBRATES CCLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK 1980 E BVPS E Crayfish Operating Non-Operating Pelecypoda (Clams) Date Intake Bays Intake Bays All Bays January 4 2 8 0 E 11 1 3 0 E 18 0 10 0 25 1 4 0 February 1 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 15 0 0 0 22 0 1 0 E 29 2 2 0 E March 7 2 2 0 14 11 7 3 21 5 1 0 28 7 5 0 April 4 6 4 0 11 1 4 2 l 22 10 2 0 5 25 3 3 0 hy 2 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 23 0 1 0 30 0 0 0 June 6 1 1 0 13 0 0 0 20 0 1 0 27 1 1 0 g July 3 0 0 0 E 15 1 5 1 18 2 3 1 25 2 2 2 August 1 3 2 0 8 6 2 0 15 6 1 12 22 0 1 1 29 2 4 0 September 5 2 3 1 12 2 2 4 19 0 0 1 26 2 1 4 11t+ I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-G-6 (Continued) E Crayfish Operating Non-Operating Pelecypoda (Clams) Date Intake Bays Intake Bays All Days October 3 0 2 2 10 2 0 2 5 17 2 0 1 24 2 1 0 31 2 0 1 November 7 1 1 0 14 0 1 1 22 4 0 0 28 1 1 0 I December 10 6 0 0 12 3 0 1 19 6 2 0 I 26 0 0 0 Total 110 101 40 E I . I E I l I g ' I E lI 115 I l
SECTION V DUQUESNE 1.lGHT COMPANY 1580 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I In addition, of the 211 crayfish collected in the 1980 impingement studies,110 (52.1%) were collected from operating bays and 101 (47.9 %) were collected from non-operating bays. Adjusting these data for screen surface area wc;hed (crayfish per 1000 sq. m) the results show 8.3 and 4.8 crayfish for operating and non-operating screens, respectively. Summary and Conclusions The results of the 1980 impingement surveys indicate that withdrawal of river water at the BVPS intake for cooling purposes had little or no effect on the fish populations. Only 108 fish were collected, which is the fewest collected since initial operation of BVPS in 1976. Of the 108 fish collected,35 (32.4%) were alive and returned via the discharge pipe to the Ohio River. I I I I I I I I I I 116
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I H. PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT 1. Ichthyoplankton Objective To determine the species composition, relative abundance, and distribution of ichthyoplankton found in proximity to the BVPS intake structure. E Methods / Day samples were collected monthly in the Ohio River, April through July along a I five station transect, perpendicular to the BVPS intake structure (Figure V-F-1). Surface tows were made at Stations 1,3 and 5 while bottom tows were conducted at Stations 2 and 4. A 0.5 m diameter,505 micron mesh plankton net was used to collect a total of 20 samples. Sample volumes were measured utilizing a General Oceanics Model 2030 digital flowmeter mounted centrically in the mouth of the net. Samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin containing rose bengal dye. E In the laboratory, eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults were sorted from the sample and identified to the lowest possible taxon and stage of development. Densities of I the ichthyoplankton (#/100 m ) were calculated using appropriate flowmeter data. 3 Results A total of 64 eggs, 510 larvae, one juvenile, and three adults of nine taxa representing seven families were collected from the river entrainment transect sampling locations (Table V-H-1). Cyprinids were the most common taxa collected representing 79.4% of the total catch (12.5% of the eggs,87.8% of tiie larvae, and I 100% of the adults). Eggs represented 11% of the ichthyoplankton collected; most (87.5%) were not identifiable. Larvae accounted for 88.2% of the total specimens. Minnow (Cyprinidae spp.) early larvae comprised 75.9% of the total larval catch. The second most abundant taxa was g tzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) com-prising 8.2% of the catch; all were ei'ner yolk-sac or early larvae. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) accounted for 1.4% of the larvae collected. All other taxa each comprised less than one percent of the larval catch. A single young white catfish I (Ictalurus catus) represented the only juvenile fish collected during the survey. Three adult emerald shiners (Notropis athernpides) comprised the only adults taken, 117 I
\\ W MOd TABLE V-H-1 NUN"4R AIO DENSITY OF FISH BOGS, IARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WItu A 0.5m PIAkK10N NET AT THE ENTRAINNENT RIVER TRANSBCT IN flid OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS,1980 Total Collected Date Station 1" ' Station 2 Station 3 . Station 4 Station 5 and Taxa Density 23 April Vol water f!!tered (m ) 86.2 110.6 121.3 99.5 95.0 393.5 No. egge collected 0 0 0 1 0 1
- oo No. larvae collected 0
0 0 0 0 0 O No. Juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 No. adults collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 Zg Density C Eggs yg Unidentified 0 0 0 1.01 (1) 0 0.25 (1) rz Total Station Density M (Number Collected) 0 0 0 1.01 (1) 0 0.25 (1) O[ Oo n 21 May I oo T Og vol, water filtered 75.5 79.0 119.6 83.6 88.9 446.6 Cl Tj O No. eggs collected 0 0 0 1 0 1 O No. larvas collected 0 1 1 0 7 9 No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 ry No. adults collected 1 0 1 0 1 3 g Density MZ Eggs M Unidentifiable 0 0 0 1.20 (1) 0 0.22 (1) Larvae y Catostomidae Spp.(EL)b H 0 0 0.84 (1) 0 2.25 (2) 0.67 (3) Perca flavescens (YL) 0 0 0 0 1.12 (1) 0.22 (1) Perca flavescens (EL) 0 0 0 0 3.37 (3) 0.67 (3) Stizostedion app. (YL) 0 1.27 (1) 0 0 1.12 (1) 0.45 (2) Adults Notropis athernoides 1.32 (1) 0 0.04 (1) 0 1.12 (1) 0.67 (3) Total Station Density (Number Collected) 1.32 (1) 1.27 (1) 1.67 (2) 1.20 (1) 9.00 (8) 2.91 (13)
E %M h E Vm O -t TABLE V*H-1 fcontinued) Total Collected [ Date Station 1* Station 2 _ Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 and Taxa Dens M 19 June 3 Vol. water filtered (m ) 90.5 95.5 9f.4 85.1 101.0 470.5 No. egge collected 6 4 7 4 34 55 No. larvae collected 3 9 7 0 4 23 No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 [ No. adults collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q ( Density Do Eggs O { Cyprinidae opp. 0 0 0 0 0.99 (1) 0.21 (1) C 1 Unidentified 0 0 0 0 32.67 (33) 7.01 (33) 7 Unidentifiable 6.63 (6) 4.19 (4) 7.11 (7) 4.70 (4) 0 4.46 (21) Larvae cg yv porosoma cepedianum (YL) 0 1.05 (1) 2.03 (2) 0 0 0.64 (3) rZ Cyprinidae spp. (YL) 1.10 (1) 7.33 (7) 3.05 (3) 0 3.96 (4) 3.19 (15) A m Cyprinidae opp. (EL) 2.21 (2) 1.05 (1) 1.02 (1) 0 0 0.05 (4) O t-- Lepants spp. (EL) 0 0 1.02 (1) 0 0 0.21 (1) O5 Total Station Denalty 3' O (Number Collected) 9.94 (9) 13.61 (13) 14.23 (14) 4.70 (4) 37.62 (38) 16.58 (78) g d -O 22 July O>O 3 Vol. water filtered (m ) 74.9 95.5 143.2 89.9 106.3 509.8 rg No. eggs collected 0 0 1 1 5 7 yp No. larvae collected 300 112 34 13 19 478 mg No. Juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 1 1 'T3 < No, adults 0 0 0 0 0 0 O Donalty Ny Eggs cyprinidae app. 0 0 0.70 (1) 1.11 (1) 4.70 (5) 1.37 (7) Larvae Dorosome cepedianum (EL) 37.38 (28) 10.47 (10) 0 0 0.94 (1) 7.65 (39) Cyprinidae opp. (YL) 4.01 13) 9.42 (9) 12.57 (18) 4.45 (4) 7.53 (8) 8.24 (42) Cyprinidae opp. (EL) 348.46 (261) 97.38 (93) 8.38 (12) 8.89 (8) 8.47 (9) 75.13 (383) Cyprinidae app. (LL) 5.34 (4) 0 0 0 0 0.78 (4) Fundulus diaphanus (YL) 0 0 2.09 (3) 0 0 0.59 (3) Leposts app. (YL) 1.34 (1) 0 0.70 (1) 1.11 (1) 0.94 (1) 0.78 (4) Perca flavescens (EL) 4.01 (3) 0 0 0 0 0.59 (3) Juveniles Ictaturus catus 0 0 0 0 4.94 (1) 0.20 (1) Total Station Density (Number Collected) 400.53 (300) 117.28 (35) 24.44 (35) 15.57 (14) 23.52 (25) 95.33 (486)
t i I m m O d TAaLa V-in-1 (continued) OZ Total Collected Yearly Total Stataw. 1* Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 and Tama Density vol, of water filtered (m') 327.1 300.6 482.5 358.1 391.2 1,939.5 No. eggs collected 6 4 8 7 39 64 No. larvae collected 303 122 42 13 30 510 No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 1 1 No. adults collected 1 0 1 0 1 3 Density 00 Eggs ~3* O Cyprinidae opp. 0 0 0.21 (1) 0.28 (1) 1.53 (6) 0.41 (8) C Unidentified 0 0 0 0.28 (1; 8.44 (33) 1.75 (34) 20 2 C Unidentifiable 1.83 (6) 1.05 (4) 1.45 (7) 1.40 (5) 0 1.13 (22) Larvae M g Dorosoma cepedianum (TL) 0 0.26 (1) 0.41 (2) 0 0 0.15 (3) F2 Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) 8.56 (28) 2.63 (10) 0 0 0.26 (1) 2.01 (39) gn Cyprinidae app. (YL) 1.22 (4) 4.Pa 'l** 4.35 (21) 1.12 (4) 3.07 (12) 2.94 (57) gp Cyprinidae opp. (EL) 80.43 (263) 24 2.69 (13) 2.23 (8) 2.30 (9) 19.95 (387) O. F.- g Cyprinidae app. (LL) 1.22 (4) 0 0 0 0.21 (4) g o Catostomidae opp. (EL) 0 0.21 (1) 0 0.51 (2) 0.15 (3) O$ Fundulus diaphanus (YL) 0 0 0.62 (3) 0 0 0.15 (3) O Leposts spp. (YLT 0.37 '* 0 0.21 (1) 0.28 (1) 0.26 (1) 0.21 (4) {O yh Lepnmis opp. (EL) 0 0.21 (1) 0 0 0.05 (1) Perca flavescens (YL) 0 0 0 0.26 (1) 0.05 (1) p-Perca flavescens (EL) 0.92 (3) 0 0 0 0.77 (3) 0.31 (6) T h.g g stinostedian app. (YL) 0 0.26 (1) 0 0 0.26 (1) 0.10 (2) Juveniles Ictaturus catus 0 0 0 0 0.26 (1) 0.05 (18 O Adults
- U Notropis othernoides 0.31 (1) 0 0.21 (1)
(, 0.26 (1) 0.15 (3) H Total Station Donalty (Number Collected) 94.77 (310) 33.11 (126) 10.57 (51) 5.59 (20) 18.15 (71) 29.80 (578)
- Station 1 - South shoreliner Station 3 - Midchannels Station 5 - North shoreline.
bDevelo[ mental Stages YL - Itatched specimens in which yolk aad/or oil globuies are present. EL - Specimens in which yolk arul/or o!! globules are not present and in which fin rays and/or spiny elements have been developed. LL - Specimens in which fin ray and spiny elements of the dorsal and anal fins approsimate the number found in adults but in which resinants of the finfolds remain. M' Y S
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I Seasona! Oi:tribution Only a sing'e, unidentified egg was collected during the first survey (23 April) (Table V-H-1). Samples taken on 21 May yielded one unidentifiable egg, nire larvae, and three adults (2.2% of the total catch). The larvae consisted of three I taxa, the most abundant being yellow perch (Perca flavescens) representing 44.4% of the total catch. May was the only month when adult fish were captured during I the entrainment transect survey. Species composition of samples taken in June and July were similar (Table V-H-1). Cyprinid eggs, yolk sac larvae, and early larvae, gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) larvae; and sunfish (Lepomis spp.) larvae were first taken in June. These taxa were also collected in July but in substantially greater numbers. More than 94% of the year's catch was collected in July; nearly 90% of these were I minnows (Cyprinidae spp.). Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) larvae were also taken in July. Spatial Distribution Most (53.6%) of the ichthyoplankton were collected at Station 1 (Table V-H-1). Total density decreased across the channel except for a slight increase near the north shoreline (Station 5). This north-south density gradient was only evident in I larval minnows (Cyprinidae spp.) and gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum). Sucker (Catostomidae spp.) larvae were only taken at midchannel and north shoreline I stations (Stations 3 and 5, respectively). Banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) was found in a single midchannel surface collection (Station 3).. Sunfish (Lepomis spp.) were slightly more abundant in the c.idchannel but were generally found all along the transect. Yellow perch (Perce. flavescens) larvae were found exclusively along either shoreline (Stations 1 and 5). Eggs were most abundant (60.9% of the total egg catch) along the north shoreline I (Station 5) (Table V-H-1). The single juvenile white catfish (Ictalurus catus) cc!!ected was taken along the north shore. The three adult emerald shiners (Notropis athernoides) were collected equally along the transect only in surface tows. I E 121 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I Summary and Conclusions Species composition and relative abundance of ichthyoplankton taken in 1980 along the river entrainment transect was generally similar to that found in 1979. As in 1979, cyprinid larvae comprised the vast majority of the ichthyoplankton catch and were found most concentrated at stations closest to the BVPS intake structure. However, the relatively high reproductive capabilities of this group should more g than offset any entrainment loss to BVPS. 5 2. Phytoplankton Objective; To determine the composition and abundance of phytoplan ston entrained in the intake water system. Methods During the first quarter of 1980, plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) entrain-ment samples were collected six times during one 24-hour period ;every 4 hours) per month. These collections were initiated on the same day or within one day of river collections. Every four hours, a surface and bottom water sample from an operating intake bay was taken with a Kemmerer sampler. Surface and bottom waters were mixed and a 1 gal sample taker. and preserved with Lugol's solution. All operating intake bays were sampled. Af ter April 1,1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one e.atrainment sample collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surface and bottom water from 1 operating intake bay. In the laboratory, phytoplankton analysis was performed in accordance with procedures identified for river plankton. Although densities (cells /ml) were calculated for all taxa, only densities of the 15 gj most abundant taxa were presented in this report. Densities were tabulated for r each of the six 4-hour periods. If more than one sample was collected for each 4-hour period, results were combined to present a mean density for that given time. 1l Il 122
I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I An overall 24 hour mean was calculated for each of the 15 most abundant taxa. These means were compared to overall means of taxa calculated for river samples. Comparison of 2ntrainment and River Samples Total density of phytoplankton in entrainment samples at BVPS from January to March 1980 was slightly lower than the total densities observed in the river (Figure V-C - 2). During the past four years, phytoplankton densities of entrainment samples were frequently lower than those of mean totr.1 densities obser.ed from river samples (Figure V-C-1). The composition of phytoplankton in the river and entrainment samples was similar. Densities of five abundant taxa during the first quarter were tabulated to demonstrate this similarity (Table V-H-2). Each month dominant taxa in the I entrainment samples were also dominant in the river (Tables V-H-3 through V-H-8). Each month mean Shannon indices, evenness and richness values of entrainment samples were very similar to the river samples (Tables V-H-9 and V-H-10). Summary and Conclusions Results of monthly sampling of phytoplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure showed little difference in densities (cells /ml) and species compositon. During periods of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of phytoplankton in the river ar.d the BVPS intake structure, and the small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of phytoplankton was negligible, even under worst case low flow conditions. 3. Zooplankton I Objective To detern:ine the composition and abundance of zooplankton entrained in the intake water system. t E 123 I
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I' TABLE V-H-2 COMPARISON OF FIVE PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES (cells /ml) FOUND IN MONTHLY ENTRAINMENT AND OHIO RIVER SAMPLES DURING JANUARY, FEBRUARY l AND MARCH, 1980 i BVPS II Entrainrent River JANUARY Chlorophyta I 48 76 synedra filiformis 31 52 Small centrics 73 82 Aphanizomenon flos-aquae 21 47 Microflagellates 146 147 FEBRUARY Small centrics 16 33 Microflagellates 205 250 Chlamydomonas globosa 12 15 Chlorophyta I 47 54 Asterionella formosa 61 68 MARCH Microflagellates 89 150 Chlorophyta I 11 18 Navicula cryptocephala 25 31 Asterionella formosa 67 59 Navicula viridula 93 124 8 I I I I I I 124 5
W W WmW W e W W W M-W W W W W W W W TABLE V-II-3 FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PHYTOPLANKW N TAXA "m DENSITIES (Cells /ml) OF SAMPLES COLLECTED O IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C JANUARY 1980 2 BVPS Date January 10, 1980 January 11, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x CYANOPIIYTA Aphanizomenon flos-aquae 4 20 32 28 40 4 21 Schizothrix calcicola 16 32 4 12 8 12 g >O CllLOROPIIYTA C Ankistrodesmus falcatus 24 8 8 4 4 4 9 Scenedesmus bicellularis 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Cm Chlorophyta I 76 36 60 64 84 36 59 r2 A m CIIRYSOPHYTA OC rh C Asterionella formosa 24 28 32 12 20 19 0 -t Diatoma vulgare 4 28 8 16 4 10 Melosira varlans 8 68 4 8 8 16 -O h9-Navicula cryptocphala 12 48 8 16 8 20 19 Navicula viridula 20 68 4 4 12 12 20 F6 $y Nitzschia dissipata 8 32 8 8 20 8 14 Synedra filiformis 24 20 28 60 20 32 31 o< 0 Small centrics 80 64 52 100 56 88 73 --t CRYPMPHYTA Rhodomonas minuta 20 4 8 8 8 MICROFLAGELLATES 192 148 168 88 204 76 146 TOTAL PIIY M PLANKEN 624 752 492 512 532 376 548 W TAL OF 15 MOST ABUNDANT TAXA 520 584 420 456 476 328 464 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT PIIYMPLANKWN 83 78 85 89 89 87 85
TABLE V-II-4 m FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PHY% PLANK %N TAXA { i DENSITIES (Cells /ml) OF SAMPLES COLLECTED d IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C O FEBRUARY 1980 Z BVPS Date February 14, 1980 February 15, 1980 Time 0930 1330 1730 2130 0130 0530 x CYANOPHYTA g Schizothrix calcicola 12 8 12 12 7 g >e CHIDROPHYTA Z $o>]. Ankistrodesmus falcatus 8 4 12 16 7 Chlamydomonas globosa 4 24 12 26 4 12 v {$ Dictyosphaerium pulchellum 48 8 Micractinium asillum 8 8 8 4 5 O t-Scenedesmus bicei?ularis 8 8 3 O5 S Scenedesmus quadricacia 8 8 3 o I Chlorophyta I 32 48 56 40 56 48 47 O g O O CHRYSOPHYTA h3 Asterionella formosa 20 48 68 72 76 84 61 p$ Diatoma tenue 4 4 4 4 3 rn z Melosira varians 20 8 5 O" Navicula cryptocephala S 4 8 3 ] Synedra filiformis 4 4 4 2 Small centrics 8 16 12 20 28 12 16 MICROFLAGELLATES 140 212 176 220 120 364 205 TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON 276 400 364 446 356 616 410 % TAL OF 15 MOST ABUNDANT TAXA 244 384 352 410 332 592 386 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT PHY % PLANKTON 88 96 97 92 93 96 94 M M M M N O W O W O EO M M N O O O E
M M M M' W W) W M W W W M M M 'M M W W TABLE V*II-5 gn FIFTEEN MOST ABUNDANT ENTRAINED PIIYEPLANKEN TAXA d DENSITIES (Cells /ml) OF SAMPLES COLLECTED OZ IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY A MARCH'1980 BVPS Date March 13, 1980 March 14, 1980 CYANOPHYTA Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x G Schizothrix calcicola 16 24 7 $g >C CHIDROPHYTA Chlamydomonas globosa-24 4 8 8 3 C rn Schroderia ratiger'a Scenedesmus quadricauda 32 5 rn " f Chlorophyta I 8 40 24 8 8 16 17 OC C hk N CHRYSOPHYTA Og Asterionella formosa 56 56 72 80 88 48 67 9o QO, Diatoma tenue 16 24 7 Fragilaria vaucheriae 16 8 8 5 rg Melosira varians 24 32 16 12 M> Navicula cryptocephala 24 24 24 24 16 40 25 Navicula viridula 136 104 72 104 64 80 93 O h Nitzschia dissipata 16 16 8 16 9 Nitzschia palea 8 16 8 16 8 9 Small centrics 8 8 8 16 8 16 11 MICROFLAGELLATES 96 72 120 40 136 72 89 TOTAL PHYMPLANKTON 520 504 488 392 384 36b 443 l TOTAL OF 15 MOST ABUNDANT TAXA 456 424 376 288 326 312 363 PERCENT OF COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT PHYMPLANKMN 8,8 84 77 73 85 85 82
tb MO TABLE V-H-6 -1 "O," FIFTEEN POST ABUNDANT PHY10P!ANK10N TAXA - JANUARY 10, 1980 MEAN DIMSITY (Cells /al) OF DUPLICATE SANPLES NEW CtMBER!AND POOL OF TIIE 044I0 RIVER BVPS s 1;ampling Transect No. I No. 2A No. 28 No. 3 Qt IMt Qt 15 ft I ft 10 ft Qt IMt Qt IMt [ s CYAN 0PilYTA Aphantramenon flos-aquae 74 100 34 32 38 26 48 28 48 46 O oo Schitothrin calcicola 28 24 42 34 20 16 36 24 32 24 >CO CitIDNOPitYTA 2O Ankistrodessus felcatus 12 22 14 14 4 8 14 20 11 16 CA 2 C Dictyosphaert'im pulchellum 24 30 8 8 Nicractinium pasillins 20 29 10 22 14 18 16 14 17 ( 8 8 12 Scenedessus guadricauda 20 16 28 4 8 9 10 N p Chlorophyta I 92 96 $8 60 78 68 68 $4 74 77 OC QHRYSOPtIYTA Oo co Asterionella formosa 40 58 68 46 8 42 68 52 46 50 Q Navicula cryptocephala 12 8 14 12 8 18 18 6 18 11
- O g
Navicula viridula 26 28 18 14 20 38 12 18 19 24 O O Nitzschia acicularis 20 44 16 14 Synedra filiformis 38 40 66 78 18 18 76 84 50 55 "O 9 14 Small centrics 102 122 66 50 86 84 60 88 78 86 CtfRYP10PRIYTA Rhodomonas minuta 18 20 4 6 12 10 4 6 10 10 j3 Q NICROFIAGELIATES 120 !!8 214 186 81 4 96 156 200 144 150 ~4 10TAL PtIY10PEANK10N 788 889 740 674 510 612 664 708 676 721 TOTAL OF NOST ABUNDANT PHY10PIANK10N 646 739 644 590 414 460 575 626 570 602 PEICENT CONIOSITION OF ? - ST ABUNDANT PtfY10 PLANK 10N 82 83 87 88 81 75 87 89 84 84 g-W
W; wm O TABLE v-n-7 q O FIFTEEN MOST ABif1 DANT PHY10PLANFTON TAXA - FEBRUARf 14, 1980 g MEAN DENSITT (Ce!!a/ml) OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES NEW CUDGERIAND POOL OF 1BE OHIO RIVER BVPS Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 28 No. 3 m --kt 15 ft Ift 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft 1ft 15 ft 1 ft 1 _5 ft Schizothrix calcicola 6 14 6 2 8 4 4 14 6, 8 oo >O CHIDROPHYTA 6 6 6 4 12 6 6 4 8 26 C Ankistrodesmus falcatus i Chlamydamonas globosa 34 12 12 12 3 10 6 8 20 10 2 C Micractinture pusillus 32 12 8 2 16 12 10 2 16 7 CA Scenedesmos' titeellularia 4 4 4 8 4 4 4 3 Ih Chlorophyta 1 100 60 46 44 30 40 50 62 56 52 m CHRYSOPflYTA OC Oo Astertonella formosa 80 36 60 46 84 72 72 92 74 62 hT Melostra varians 2 2 4 18 1 6 d Navicula cryptocephala 6 8 2 4 4 2 4 14 4 7 9 Navicula viridula 2 2 2 6 6 8 32 2 12 -O O O iittzschia dissipata 2 4 2 2 4 16 3 4 Nitzschia palea 2 2 4 4 6 2 2 Synedra filiformis 6 4 6 12 8 12 4 14 6 11 "J Small centrics 76 32 28 18 28 30 28 26 40 26 N> m2 h< MICROFLACELIATES 200 282 238 274 142 260 232 270 228 272 w TOTAL PHY10P[ANK10N 578 502 456 472 510 496 446 710 498 545 H TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT PHY10PIANKTON 552 476 422 432 472 470 424 582 466 490 PERCENT (%)MPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT PHY10PIANKTON 96 95 92 92 92 95 95 82 94 90
(A ITl O -4 OZ TAatA V-H-8 PIFTEDI DOST ABl2iDANT PHTIOPEANKTON TARA - MARCH 13, 1980 MEAN DDeSITY (Cells /al) OP DUPLICATE SAMPLES NEN CLDSERIAhD POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER BVPS e-- Sampling Transect h No. 1 No. 2A No. 28 No. 1 x 1 ft 15 ft 1ft 15 ft 1ft to ft 1ft 15 ft IJ IUt O jC CYANOPHYTA Schtrothriz calcicola 22 4 12 3 4 16 4 14 8 C rn CHIANOPHYTA yy Chlamydomonas globosa 8 12 12 4 8 4 7 5 r2 rn scenedessus guadricauda 24 20 6 5 fu Chlorophyta I 78 64 60 84 76 48 56 56 68 63 O l-Oc ba CHRYSOPHYTA (" y O Asterionella formosa 66 60 40 76 44 36 60 ?? 57 66 0 Diatcuna tenue 12 12 12 8 12 5 9 O8 Fragitaria vaucheriae 14 8 4 20 16 4 10 7 Navicula g ptocephala 32 32 24 44 12 16 36 52 26 36 y7 Navicula viridula 158 132 132 132 100 60 128 148 130 118 f" g Nitzschia dissipata 26 28 20 24 44 44 12 24 26 30 gy Hitzschia palea 16 28 24 12 12 12
- 2 20 16 18 rn g Pediastrum simplex 32 8
- UO<
synedra filiformis 16 16 12 4 20 12 12 11 13 small centrica 16 12 12 16 44 20 16 24 17 18 W -4 MICROFLACELLATES 172 220 144 148 144 100 168 108 157 144 tuTAL PHY10PIANKTON 746 812 652 716 572 556 776 804 697 722 TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT PHY10PLANR10N 648 628 508 584 480 39 2 552 556 549 540 Pf.RCDIT CONPOSITION OF DOST ABUNDANT PHY10 PLANK 10N 82 77 78 82 84 70 71 69 79 74 M' S M' Y O' M Yi Y Y
E E N E E Y E E E N W E E E E M M M M TABLE V--H-9 rn PHYMPLANK' ION DIVERSITY INDICES OF ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES COLLDED h FROM JANUARY 10 to MARCH 14, 1980. RESULTS ARE FROM ONE OPERATING INTAKE BAY BVPS Z Date January 10, 1980 January 11, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x No. of Species 28 29 25 24 23 24 26 Shannon Index 3.72 4.16 3.50 3.71 3.18 3.66 3.66 Oh Evenness 0.77 0.86 0.75 0.81 0.70 0.80 0.78 2 C Richness 4.20 4.23 3.87 3.69 3.50 3.88 3.90 h@ r-2 Date February 14, 1980 February 15, 1980 Q Time 0930 1330 1730 2130 0130 0530 x O5 h O Z No. of Species 13 13 12 17 16 14 14 O O O Shannon Index 2.59 2.40 2.35 2.61 2.92 2.14 2.50 f 3, m k$' Evenness 0.69 0.64 0.65 0.63 0.73 0.56 0.65 O Richness 2.14 2.00 1.86 2.62 2.55 2.02 2.20 m -4 Date March 13, 1980 March 14, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1030 x No. of Species 21 21 19 14 13 16 17 Shannon Index 3.58 3.82 3.56 3.22 2.76 3.42 3.36 Evenness 0.81 0.87 0.84 0.84 0.74 0.85 0.82 Richness 3.20 3.21 2.91 2.18 2.02 2.54 2.68
TABLE V-H-10 rn h PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLIECTED FROM JANUARY 10 TO MARCH 13, 1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE 5 SURFACE AND BOTIOM SAMPLES Z DVPS January 10, 1980 Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x Depth I ft 15 ft 1ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft 1ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft No. of Species 31 32 26 26 28 31 24 23 27 28 oo Oh Shannon It'dex 4.17 4.17 3.66 3.70 3.97 4.24 3.64 3.46 3.86 3.89 2 C hC Evenness 0.84 0.83 0.78 0.79 0.82 0.85 0.79 0.76 0.81 0.81 r-z Richness 4.50 4.57 3.71 3.76 4.41 4.68 3.61 3.35 4.06 4.09 Q C; OB w-February 14, 1980 {I O 5h No. of Species 16 15 18 17 17 16 16 27 17 19 p Shannon Index 2.77 2.36 2.56 2.42 2.72 2.49 2.39 3.39 2.61 2.66 7y rn 2 Evenness 0.69 0.60 0.62 0.58 0.66 0.62 0.60 0.71 0.64 0.63 3*< N H Richness 2.36 2.25 2.70 2.60 2.56 2.41 2.38 3.96 2.50 2.80 March 13, 1980 No. of Species 26 25 23 20 18 26 25 27 23 24 Shannon Index 3.74 3.71 3.74 3.57 3.41 4.16 3.86 4.03 3.69 3.87 Evenness 0.81 0.80 0.82 0.82 0.81 0.88 0.83 0.85 0.82 0.84 Richness 3.70 3.57 3.40 2.97 2.76 3.98 3.62 3.91 3.37 3.60 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I Methods During the first quarter of 1980, plankton entrainment samples, described in Subsection 2, were collected for the purpose of counting both phytoplankton and zooplankton. For zooplankton analysis, a well-mixed sample was taken and processed using the same procedures described for river zooplankton samples. Af ter April 1,1480, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample I collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surface and bottom water. I Although densities (number / liter) were calculated for all taxa, only taxa which comprised greater than 2% of the total were presented in this report. Densities were tabulated for each of the six 4-hour periods. If more than one sample was collected for each 4-hour sample, results were combined to present a mean density I for that given time. An overall 24 hour mean was calculated for each taxon for the 24-hour period. These means were compared to overall means of taxa for river samples. Comparison of Intake and River Samples Total number of zooplankton entrained at the BVPS was similar to total number observed in the river (Figure V-D-2). The composition of zooplankton was similar in entrainment and river samples I (Tables V-H-il through V-H-16). Protozoans and rotifers were predominant, whereas cruscaceans were sparse. I Densities of four of the most abundant taxa for each month were compared (Table ( V-H-17). This comparison showed that the same taxa were present in both river and intake samples and they were present in similar quantities. Shannon indices, evenness, and richness values for river and entrainmer': samples were also similar l g E (Tables V-H-18 and V-H-19), further demonstrating similarity between entrained and river zooplankton. I I I 133 LI
TABLE V-H-ll MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA (Greater than 2%) "rn DENSITIES (Number / liter) OF SAMPLES COT.LECTED O IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C JANUARY 1980 2 BVPS Date January 10, 1980 January 11, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x PROTOZOA Arcella sp 65 10 10 14 Codonella cratera 15 35 10 15 5 10 15 g Cyclotrichium sp. 35 5 90 75 105 115 70 >0 Difflugia sp. 10 2 c h9 Epistylis sp. 15 20 15 5 5 5 10 Cj Nebela caudata 10 10 4 Paramecium sp. 5 1 r-Z rn vorticella sp. 70 55 40 50 35 70 54 rn Q{ Ciliate unidentified 5 5 5 5 4 's r z ROTIFERA -1 Asplanchna.sp. 5 5 10 10 10 6 -O h9, Bdelloids 5 10 5 10 5 Keratella cochlearis 35 45 35 25 25 28 rg %y Polyarthra dolichoptera 10 5 5 4 Rotifers-unidentified 10 5 5 5 4 o. O<
- c CRUSTACEA
-1 Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi 10 5 TOTAL ZOOPLANKYON 215 265 185 235 200 285 230 TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK7ON 205 240 185 230 200 275 221 l PERCENT COMPOSITION OF MOST j ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK7ON 95 90 100 98 100 96 96 l l l l m m M M M M M W mm W W W W W W M M M
M M M m M M M M M M M M m. M M M m M M TABLE. V-H-12 rn MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK' ION TAXA (Greater than 24) O DENSITIES (Number / liter) OF SAMPLES COLLECTED d h IN OPERATING INTAKE BAY C FEBRUARY 1980 BVPS Date February 14, 1980 February 15, 1980 Time 0930 1330 1730 2130 0130 0530 x PRO'IOZOA Arcella sp. 15 5 10 5 10 8 G$g Colpidium sp. 15 15 5 30 30 16 Codonella cratera 5 15 5 3 >c ZZh cyclotrichium sp. 65 25 40 45 110 80 60 Lionotus sp. 70 40 90 95 50 Cg Paramecium sp. 5 10 2 %7 l vorticella sp. 50 20 45 35 30 50 38 rn " F l Oxytrich ciliate 10 5 2 O [* h{ C-Ciliate unidentified 5 5 5 20 30 11 u oy ROTIFERA b O hQ Asplanchna sp. 5 1 Brachionus bidentatus 5 5 2 rg Keratella cochlearis 5 5 5 5 3 gg Keratella quadrata 5 1 og Lecane sp. 5 1 O Rotifer unidentified 5 5 5 5 3 q TOTAL ZOOPLANK' ION 170 70 205 160 325 315 208 'IOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK' ION 155 70 200 160 310 315 201 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK' ION 91 100 98 100 95 100 97 l
TABLE V-II-13 MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANK WN TAXA (Greater than 2%) DENSITIES (Number / liter) OF SAMPLES COLLEX TED IN OPERATING INTAKE 13AY A [n MARCil 1980 O BVPS Z Date March 13, 1980 March 14, 19F0 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x PRONZOA Arcella sp. 10 10 10 5 centropyxis op. 10 10 3 Colpidium sp. 10 20 5 g Condone 11a cratera 10 20 20 8 o ?*g Cyclotrichium ap. 50 30 30 20 50 30 c (p Cyphodera ampulla 10 2 Cj Difflugia acuminata 10 2 Difflugia sp. 10 10 3 [f Epintylia op. 90 15 rn " I Euglypha compressa 10 2 OC hO C Lionotuo sp. 10 2 Oh Nebela caudata 10 2 Paramecium sp. 10 2 b O h9 Strobilidium grann 180 120 240 210 260 110 187 Tintinnidium fluvitale 10 2 t% vorticella sp. 130 150 130 20 20 50 83 g ?- Oxytrich ciliate 10 2 og Suctorian ciliate 10 2 O C111ato unidentified 10 10 40 10 20 15 h ROTIPERA Anplanchna sp. 20 10 5 Keratella cochlearls 10 10 3 Polyarthra dalichoptera 10 10 10 5 Bdelloida 20 3 Rotifer unidentified 10 10 10 10 7 MTAL ZOOPLANKEN 390 440 450 430 360 290 393 TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKWN 390 440 450 430 360 290 393 PERCl21T COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKEN 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 m W W W W W W W W W W W M-m m m m m M
W M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M m ITIOdo Z TABLE V-H-14 MOST ABUNDANT EOOPIANK10N TAXA (Greater than 2%) MEAN OF D'JPLICATE SAMPLES (Number / liter) NEN CtMBERIAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER l JANUARY 10, 1980 l BVPS 00 >O Sampling Transect C 2O No. 1 No. 2A No. 29 No. 3 x Z C 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft I ft 10 ft Ift 15 ft I ft 15 ft PRO 10EOA U g Arce11a sp. 10 8 5 8 2 8 22 10 10 8 p-y l codonella cratera 5 32 5 8 5 25 5 5 5 18 fri g l Cyclotrichlum sp. 78 132 80 130 138 102 155 115 113 120 gp Epistylis sp. 32 28 12 20 12 15 20 15 19 20 0~a _u vorticella sp. 58 220 78 82 55 412 146 98 83 203 r N Suetorian ciliate 8 2 2 Og l ciliate unidentified 10 12 2 15 22 2 5 7 10 C1~O Q ROTIFERA Keratella cochlearts 58 90 70 58 35 10 55 95 54 63 p-Polyarthra dolichoptera 18 8 5 18 10 8 10 12 11 12 y Bdelloids 12 2 5 5 2 2 2 6 2 gg i Rotifers-unidentified 15 12 10 5 8 22 5 12 10 13 mq O 1DTAL EOOPIANK!ON 320 572 288 342 295 655 432 380 334 487 N l 1erAL OF MOST ABUNDANT EOOPLANK10N 304 544 272 329 287 626 416 369 320 469 d i PERCENT COMPOSITION OF K)ST ABUNDANT EOOPIANKTON 95 95 94 96 97 96 96 97 94 96 l l [ l t 1
M MOdO2 TABLE V-H-15 MOST ABUNDANT EOOPLANETON TAXA (creater than 24) MEAN OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES (Number / liter) NEN CUpeERIMID POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER r FEBRUARY 14, 1980 $o BVPS >C Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x Cg 1y 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft I ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft >u PRO 1020A FZ Arcella sp. 8 8 5 2 8 15 3 8 m M Colpidium sp. 20 50 32 30 28 32 50 30 32 36 O f-Codonella cratera 5 8 2 2 2 2 35 4 12 (~ 5 O u Cyclotrichium sp. 98 162 95 68 90 112 118 80 100 106 y 00 Lionotus sp. 55 40 82 68 58 90 55 90 62 72 Og Paramectum sp. 20 20 2 10 2 8 5 5 7 11 9g Vorticella sp. 18 52 75 65 25 48 50 70 42 58 O>O C111 ate unidentified 12 22 10 22 20 18 5 15 12 19 p ROlaFERA b yy A3planchna sp. 2 5 5 5 8 5 4 3 mz Polyarthra dolichoptera 5 2 1 1
- t3O<
Rotife 5 nidentified 5 2 2 5 8 8 10 20 6 9 N TOTAL SOOPLANETON 245 380 322 285 24S 345 320 435 284 361 d TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT 100 PLANK 10N 238 366 303 278 243 327 311 365 273 334 l PERCE247 COMPOSITION OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON 97 96 94 98 98 95 97 84 96 92 m a m m m m m m m W W m W W W W M M M
M M M-M M M M M M M M M M M M M w . rT1 Odo Z TAaLE V-H-16 MOST ABUNDANT EOOPIANK10N TAXA (Greater than 24) MEAN OF DUPLICATE SAMPLES (Number / liter) NEN CUpeERIAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER MARCH 13, 1980 BVPS w Sampling Transect o No. 1 No. 2A No. 28 No. 3 5 y 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft to ft I ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft PRO 10EOA Zg Zg Arcella sp. 20 20 5 20 20 20 10 5 14 16 C rn colpidium sp. 15 10 10 5 5 20 12 4 >M codonella cratera 15 30 30 30 15 20 15 15 19 24 FZ cyclotrichtum sp. 45 80 25 100 45 45 80 25 49 62 rn N cyphodera ampulla 20 10 5 5 5 5 10 5 10 O[ Diffluqta sp. 5 5 15 5 10 5 10 4 10 O c) C Epistylis sp. 55 15 10 5 5 5 18 F Z Euglypha compressa 10 5 5 1 4 Oq Nebela caudata 5 15 10 5 2 hg PP= W ium sp. 15 10 5 4 4 OO st mbilidium gyrans 110 60 115 55 80 55 60 10 91 45 Vorta ella sp. 100 210 55 140 130 90 80 55 91 124 I'g C111 ate unidentified 10 20 50 10 35 5 15 15 28 12
- U >
ff12 ROTIFERA TM Bde11 olds 5 15 5 5 5 8 1 O Kellicottis longi vina 5 20 5 5 1 8 Keratella cochtaart? 5 10 15 5 5 2 8 ~ Polyarthra dolichoptec 15 10 5 15 5 5 8 6 Rotifera unidentified 10 5 20 15 20 15 10 5 15 10 TOTAL EOOFLANK10N 400 $25 370 555 400 305 335 190 376 394 TOTAL OF MOST ABUNDANT EOOPIANK10N 370 500 350 495 390 300 335 175 362 368 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF W ST ABUNDAtc tOOPLANK10N 92 95 94 89 98 98 100 92 96 93
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I TABLE V-H-17 COMPARISON OF FOUR ZOOPLANK' ION TAXA DENSITIES l (Number / liter) F0UND IN MONTHLY ENTRAINMENT E AND ORIO RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1980 BVPS Entrainment River vorticella sp. 54 143 Codonella crat&ra 15 12 E Cyclotrichium sp. 70 116 g Keratella cochlearis 28 58 FEBRUARY l vorticella sp. 38 50 Cyclotrichium sp. 70 103 Lionotus sp. 50 67 Colpidium sp. 16 34 MARCH vorticella sp. 83 108 Strobilidium gyrans 187 68 Cyclotrichium sp. 30 56 Epistylis sp. 15 12 I I I I I I I 140 I
= M .M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-II-18 in ZOOPLAN'.' ION DIVERSITY INDICES OF ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM h JANUARY 10, 'IO MARCH 14, 1980. RESULTS ARE FROM ONE OPERATING INTAKE BAY o BVPS z Date January 10, 1980 January 11, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x No. of Species 12 12 8 13 9 12 11 Shannon Index 2.96 2.97 2.24 2.95 2.18 2.61 2.65 O Evenness 0.82 0.82 0.74 0.79 0.68 0.72 0.76 zE 2 C h@ Richness 2.05 1.97 1.34 2.20 1.51 1.95 1.84 r-2 Date February 14, 1980 February 15, 1980 y Time 0930 1330 1730 2130 0130 0530 x o3 6% No. of Species 9 6 10 11 12 9 10 g Oo Shannon Index 2.42 2.26 2.61 2.74 2.68 2.60 2.55 -E F T lc > Evenness 0.76 0.87 0.78 0.79 0.74 0.82 0.79 rn z O Richness 1.56 1.18 1.69 1.97 1.90 1.39 1.62 Po H Date March 13, 1980 March 14, 1980 Time 1400 1800 2200 0200 0600 1000 x No. of Species 10 7 ,8 14 8 9 9 Shannon Index 2.13 2.24 1.87 2.80 1.61 2.61 2.21 Evennesc 0.64 0.80 0.62 0.73 0.53 0.82 0.69 Richness 1.51 0.99 1.15 2.14 1.89 1.41 1.52
TABLE V-H-13 ZOOPLANK' ION DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM January 1010 MARCH 13,1980. INDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE Q SURFACE AND BOT 10M SAMPLES 3 DVPS z January 10, 1980 Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x Depth I ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft No. of Species 14 14 10 10 11 14 10 10 11 12 Shannon Index 3.00 2.60 2.57 2.47 2.44 2.02 2.38 2.50 2.62 2.40 o>gCh Evenness 0.81 0.69 0.75 0.73 0.70 0.52 0.70 0.73 0.74 0.67 Cm Richness 2.25 1.97 1.68 1.63 1.76 2.09 1.57 1.60 1.82 1,82 h$ M rn Q February 14, 1980 r z b No. of Species 10 11 10 10 10 13 10 14 10 12 hH 50, Shannon Index 2.56 2.60 2.54 2.t,6 2.59 2.73 2.58 3.30 2.57 2.82 p-F5 %y Evenness 0.77 0.75 0.74 0.82 0.78 0.74 0.76 0.86 0.76 0.79 T< h Richness 1.64 1.69 1.67 1.50 1.64 2.05 1.65 2.23 1.65 1.87 H March 13, 1980 No. of Species 14 13 12 16 11 11 12 11 12 13 Shannon Index 3.10 2.83 3.06 3.35 2.85 2.96 2.91 3.20 2.98 3.08 Evenness 0.81 0.76 0.84 0.84 0.82 0.86 0.82 0.93 0.82 0.85 Richness 2.17 1.91 1.95 2.37 a.67 1.75 1.81 1.93 1.90 1.99 i t
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I Summary and Conclusions Results of monthly sampling of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake stru'cture showed little di ference in densities (number / liter) and species composition. During periods of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of zooplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and I the small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of zooplankton was negligible, even under worst case low flow conditions. I I I I I I I I ' I I I l C 143 ,I
SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I VL MONITORING PROGRAM TERRESTRIAL The terrestrial ecological survey for 1980 at the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) included a program to detect and document vegetation stress using aerial false coice infrared (CIR) photography combined with ground observations. Healthy vegetation reflects light in the green (0.5-0.6 um) and near infrared (0.7-1.0 um) portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Vegetation stress due to EI' disease, insect damage, weather variations, or human impacts can be detected by experienced photointerpreters using either color or CIR film. Because the reflectance of near infrared radiation from healthy green leaves is even higher than for green light, changes in the condition or vigor of the leaf will result in changes in reflectivity which are more apparent when using film sensitive to near infrared wavelengths (Shipley et al.1980). Using aerial CIR photography allows large areas of vegetation to be remotely sensed to delineate areas which have experienced stress. Ground surveys must then g be conducted to determine the causes of that stress (Hilborn 1978). Aerial CIR has 5 an added advantage in that yellow filters can be used to decrease the absorbance of l blue wavelengths, thus reducing the effect of haze which of ten obscures detail in aerial true color photography. AERIAL INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY (ETS Reference 3.1.3.9) l Objectives l The objective of this study wa.s to utilize aerial CIR imagery and ground surveys to evaluate vegetation stress in the vicinity of the currently operating BVPS cooling i tower and determine if drif t from the tower is adversely affecting the terrestrial I ecosystem. iethods (1) Aerial Photography During the 1980 growing season, CIR photographic coverage was flown at BVPS and I l@ 1 E
I SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT lI its vicinity using a Zeiss RMK-A 15/23 camera and Kodak Aerochrome 2443 color infrared film (Table VI-1). The photo index is shown in Figure VI-i. The photomission was conducted on September 4 from 1025 to 1149 hours Eastern Standard Time,in a north-south direction, and at an altitude of 3420 feet above sea I level. In order to provide stereo coverage, the mission was flown with a 60% overlap in line of flight and a 30% sidelap between flight lines. Single coverage prints were also obtained. All photographs were free of clouds, and processing methods and conditions remained the same throughout the project. ,I A flight log was kept in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifica-tions. Information recorded included model and serial number of camera and lens, film and tot number, filter number, altitude and time at the end of each flight line, flight line map, and date of flight. A copy of the flight log is provided in Table I VI-4. (2) Airphoto Interpretation Photographs were scanned in the laboratory for quality of color, resolution, scale, I. and clarity. Equipment utilized included the following: 1. Zoom Transfer Scope, Bausch and Lomb Model ZT4 I 2. Mirror Stereo Viewer, Airphoto Supply Model F71E 3. Microscope, Bausch and Lomb Model MC-1 4. Elevating Light Table, Richards Model GFL-940MCE Obvious changes in color tone, pattern, or texture which might have indicated possible vegetation stress were delineated, and areas with the greatest and least potential for being affected by cooling tower drift were designated for ground truthing. (3) Field Reconnaissance A terrestrial survey was conducted October 13-15,1980 in the vicinity of the BVPS to verify the photointerpretation of possible stressed vegetation. The 9" x 9" CIR prints were used in conjunction with the photoindex (Figure VI-1) to construct I I 145 I
a SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT N g 't/f4 ' f W D uh 6 'ss T - sN'KfF W3M}i..s,, +f;;: 1W.:.y9. ' ;kj W.1 .n .i; q a e-2.,4e:c (. y l x=
- . y.\\ \\
v .m-TM .Ahly41g ~-q 3.jg qrh t;g _ M g,y t, ; u s, s \\ m\\(, g'[ g '. u. % % ' ~q, n. W 1 q%y * --._ls._jQy.g.; Q{ i Lig W m4 r.; ~ - X t ~W y ' V;X P ~A ' ' ' n r, f 'C,, "-4.-4.V }s"'1j, ^ ~ J ?u't = \\ - ,; a e .. = :- O,M M:- L ? \\(I:1 b,[rJ,,g y s -. v. - S 8'e, 13 ;,,. (... v.. '. g_- y;y :. J_. y,m .~'fi ';Q(g:. r. TN g'yQ@f-m n-n ;m x V / y,,S' a ' :.N fk ][ 7, ' n=en ] s W h ip IN5M[hk 5 h[Mkd(IDb EE seWis a%p p e %r\\tv v auwye m# y k h M / j @ m@ [ d y. y h (M { w[r g) % f g % fu Mp M$gl n pyb a e en p Q Ug AyMnM EWM *'~ m% M (( Wy@.w s n q q\\ E @s#_p F25 t o fmd ye ws pg gM.. BA...mg. e W ce xs e k t n, _ n, y,b R $99fM9$4#6MMM J .R A M s 2 N @ P 2 E h M $$n[OIdi,d %I#i5i,YM n p Ni ' :] R@ftWAREL hi R $ G % % % B A wmyy mw&e sa1bw., y ag e n=s gQ ms+f h 85Nhk$k $M u. e eec 4$rh0kf I m.myw'\\,s='$w) t, ( O(726, TT*D, il,... &,, ye e, m %m, \\ -a n n - na w w. c
- $ [m $!,,
v,% );. -s r ~ wl s e
, Of5' [~?l._ f~"?[fl Jlf],M fl.g}: [ w u a a g)}f).'m} p nl ' ' :Ql l Y. ' _ ^f ^f ' -~' Wy 'Xf W [* T a, : f mn,,ip' yg:~n.x m)y>J3lv &y[Q) y l7; \\JQ*lY) f;_, j w. cep ;. , ; }.s.,,/p.d. pp ; w ,>. - ty ,s:r' : yu i --3>; C % -p'6:jf%)( qt; x,.n p
- W.
QQf \\0 r4's)[j ?- f..$ (y.p e; ,e ? n r ? +.: 3 >. x -y e 8 v. . h.b $,. oNi k k, ' Jy,. i 1-11,9 yn,.: ;,
- m j y... v < 1 pe M _ahv n,- -=
o [hsj h[U f..h j )r d f h M - h [ ' Mb>[ :g.;j-g m
- eg g g 5,+ y,yi Ly g q q ge: w g g%.s;y,m; W 3p,g[g;.x - &:%
a 4 g: e = o s> w- ..e i 1$ M,ug,y. :;w;a >, x4.d y 9w n\\ P \\ .g n-3 .p/Jffj[^g. w vq ,m;
- u. x aa
. Ky 6 pgi3sy gg g:{f _~ ggj .f h_w w_(h _w=s :u hh es ,wmm a x khEh h wk <%k ec m. ww .g -@ y%... mm,gg,. u m wmm;g e 2 n ..s: n yy p '[ p) M lS 4 w.~ n m D ! Mj f; 5, f i 'S Lun acWdh ? y y , Ww S ' a0; '. -e d'} -n-= k % w. c 'y> 6 \\ .) ,G m, q $' h. '~ c:
- . (:, r SQV Ry, f,._
... - f,i);;i'.% 'f( h. In. : n-a ;. u Q% a-- v >= ' !,5 4-J
- - S. ?
' qG,p, 9,,Me f E ' 7 b )~. P Y E 9. W ~ ^ ( L1: 9 ~& p# $ 2 3 %y,i w r mt = m f n >> + i "AI 34 vicq L-1 ( Q= ymn-c-a in a y / M Mb/@ u$gp3eM3 5 4/ Ri '!q h a! f, %. _ h~ fm. Y _ h h,k k h,h, m u $ >w. $.. !Q,'f ~ W,d.g%'yj,h.._h. %,%O,M_Y. {q! =13) m d M9 E,i 7 e %,.g 9 yQW Q? Qff .;.} [y k g hh f@%..,. m wgew M yrptdg,) p$ RD%# epN g!!s: M7@dF?bd s19si
- @@%EM@hy%deh;3egMp%w&
6 B6d ~ %pc f a; y ::; m
- , l @ p e. Q uf5Ef.n',@-Qfi~g.
e jQc d l s 146
SECTION Vi DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGIC \\L REPORT TABLE VI-l
SUMMARY
OF THE 1980 AERIAL PHOTOMISSION FLOWN IN TH2 VICRIITY OF THE BVPS I SCHEDULE Date September 4 and October 8,1980 Time 1025 to 1149 Hours (EST) I EQUIPMENT / SETTINGS Camera Zeiss RMK-A 15/23 (#119016) Lens Zeiss Pleogon A4 ($123614) Nominal Focal Length 153.086 w. Filter KL (minus blue) Film Kodak Aerochrome 2443-1 F-stop f5.6-E Shutter Speed 1/400 I Scale 1 in. = 400 ft Aircraft C-310 Altitude 3420 ft ASL ADIOSPHERIC CONDITIONS E '-' "* ** (*" **' "***' W cloud layer at 25,000 f t) Wind Light and variable I I I I 147
SECTION VI DUQ"ESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I preliminary case maps and to locate suspected stressed vegetation. Where possible, vegetation was examined at close range to determine the cause of stress. If vegetation was on private property, binoculars were used to identify vegetation and the cause of stress. During the field survey, the location, extent, and severity of stressed areas were documented. Results As warranted in the Environmental Technical Specifications, an area within three miles (28.3 square miles) of the BVPS cooling tower was covered during the 1980 aerial photomission. This represents a decrease in coverage of approximately 22 square miles from photography flown in 1976 and 1978 when a 50 square mile rectangle was covered. Records indicate that the extra coverage in previous years was the result of photography taken in a rectangular instead of a circular pattern, g hence, a surplus of photographs. Studi,es have shown that photo coverage beyond a 5 2 kilometer radius (1.24 mile radius or 4.8 square miles) from a cooling tower source is unnecessary given the evidence that most drif t-caused vegetat: n damage xcurs well within that radius (Shipley et al.1980). Thus, the decreased coverage i.1 1980 did not impair the detection of potential vegetation damage from BVPS
- ower emissions.
The photomission was flown on September 4 during the active growing season and before senescence (the change in leaf color in autumn) to ensure maximum contrast between stressed and normal vegetation. Because of processing malfunctions, frames 2-5 had to be reflown on October 8. The small size of the area that was photographed at the later date did not affect the overall results. The 1980 photography, which had a slightly bluish tint, was more underexposed than the 1978 photography. Relatively heavy smoke and haze and a thin cloud layer at 25,000 feet (above the aircraf t) contributed to the blueness. Nevertheless, enough contrast was available to discern a number of vegetated areas with evidence of 5 stress. These areas are delineated in Figure VI-2, which shows the extent of distressed vegetation in the vicinity of the BVPS. On Figure VI-2, areas which had been disturbed due to the construction of roads, transmission lines, housing, and I 148 I
I SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY g 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 9 3 ha_ s e' g,257,r ' =, ,.,g \\ ggg a m } .. k
- g1 B
a, hJ. s _x E e g 3 -..W O_ o 47 s a~ 7 ' !q ~ g1
- y. g w.
h ,a D g s a 1 4 h R . / g ~ g o y 0 3, 6 o$. 2 3 i e j t
3 '[ g5 ~ 36 / k g U b / /' / 2 3 -. O. g 0 s', M 9 2 h 3 7- ~ F gg t e. y g G 16 s a / k s v 28 D 24 hG 7. gj., t 69 s = c. LEGEND FIGURE VI-2 M FIELD OBSEF.VATION POINTS (1-37) DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE PHOTO OSSERVED VEGETATION DISTURBANCES ( A-88) VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER LJ LOCUST LEAF MINER STATION SITE.1980 M AREAS OF UNIDENTIFIED VE.GETATION STRESS o e mise iI.2, U.'*e*,..'.*".5n'.N.*.*Ii e.".!** *** *"*" * ** "" *" * *' '"**' "* *""'" .........w,..,....,..........................,.................
SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT other facilities, are indicated by letters. These areas were identified primarily by photointerpretation, and detailed descriptions of the activities are provided in Table VI-2. Areas indicated by numerals represent field observation points used to verif y vegetative stress and identify possible causes. Major causal factors of stress and (e.g., disease, insect damage, poor drainage, herbicide kill, highway runof f, 502 ozone) are described in Table VI-3. Photointerpretation of the aerial photography revealed that ine majority of human-caused vegetation disturbance was attributed to new construction and related activities such as road building. Of the 28 areas identified (Table VI-2),20 showed evidence of new construction. Excavation or land clearing for new developments or industrial expansion were present in five areas, whereas maintenance of existing right-of-ways, particularly transmission lines, was evident at two locations. Mining I activity occurred in one area. With the exception of the widening of the transmission line corridor (location N), none of the vegetation damaging activities outlined on Figure VI-2 and Table VI-2 were attributable to on-site construction. The majority of stressed vegetation in the vicinity of the BVPS was the result of natural causes. Over 300 acres of vegetation were affected by locust leaf. miner (Xenochalepus dorsalis). These areas occurred primarily along the crests of hills I and in flat areas which had historically been farmed or mined. Af ter the areas were revegetated, black locust became the dominant canopy species. The locust leaf miner is a beetle approximately 6 mm long that Nbernates in the winter. In the spring, the adults emerge and begin feeding on the developing l foliage of locust, dogwood, elm, oak, beech, cherry, wisteria, and hawthorn 1 (Johnson and Lyon 1976). Eggs are laid on the underside of black locust leaves, and af ter hatching, the larvae eat into the inner layer of leaf tissue, forming a mine. When stands of locust are attacked, they appear brownish as though dead, but late l g l 5 summer defoliation is usually not harmful (Hepting 1971). Outbreaks of locust leaf miner occur prac+ically every year, and tens of thousands of acres are of ten defoliated (Baker 1972). l I I 150
(A m O TABLE VI-2 O SUMNARY OF THE 1980 VEGETATION DISTURBANCES OBSERVED ON AERIAL PHOIOGRAPHS 2 TAKEN IN THE VICINITY OF THE BVPS Flight Line(s) & Area Identification Type of Disturbance Photo Number (s) on Figure 2 Ccomments construction 2 - 73 & 3 - 39 Area A Road & housing development (Forest Edge Estates) Construction 2 - 81 Area B New road & housing Excavation / clearing 3 - 43 Area C Dozer activity, possibly for housing developsent >O 2,c0 Construction 5 - 107 & 5 - 105 Area D New right-of-way corridor claired Zc Cm Maintenance 5 - 105 Area E Sprayed herbicide io maintain transmission line corridor >b FZ Excavation / clearing 5 - 101 Area F Possible expansion of laydown area for Bruce Mansfield Plant MO (~ C vstruction 6 - 27 Area C New housing O5 2 O Constrcction 6 - 28 Areas H & I New buildings g d -O O Construction 7 - 52 Area J New housing >O Construction 8 - 183 Area K & L New housing Ih M> Conattuction 8 - 189 Area M New housing M2
- U -<
Construction 8 - 193: 9 - 247s A0 - 217, Area N Transmission line corridor width increased from a 50' right-of-way 6 219s 11 - 147 6 145 to a 200' right-of-way. q Maintenance 9 - 247 Area O Sprayed herbicide / mowed to maintain transmission line corridor. Excavation / clearing 9 - 245 Area P Dozer activity east of Crucible Steel Plants possible dump or laydown area. Excavation / clearing 9 - 243 Area O Dozer activity most !!kely for industrial use. M M M M M M Fm M M M M M M M M M M
'M. M M. E E E E E w f71Od TABLE VI-2 (Continued) 7 s Flight Line(s) & Area Identification Type of Disturbance Photo Number (s) on Figure 2 Cosaments Excavation / clearing 9 - 241 Area R Possibly new roads for housing development Construction 9 - 239 Area 8 Width of old road increased e-- Construction 10 - 227 Area T New building Co l O Construction 10 - 227 Areas U & V New housing >C 20 Construction 11 - 155 Areas W & X New housing 2 C C rn Construction 11 - 145 & 1433 12 - 164 Area Y New maintenance road for transmission line corridor Area N construction 12 - 170 Area E Extension of housing development rn Construction 12 - 170 Area AA New housing O u Z N o Extraction 13 - 171 Area B8 Extension of mining activity east of Georgetown. O~O O O Notes Photos from the October 8, 1980 photomission showed widespread vegetation senescence not present during the 3 September 4, 1980 photomission. T N> rn 2 T< O P -I l I
l l l TABLE VI-3
SUMMARY
OF THE 1980 FIELD OBSERVATIONS OF VEGETATION STRESS IN On 1 THE VICINITY OF 1118 BVPS M 0 t H Area Identification O Flight Line(s) & or Delineation 2 Type of Stress Photo Number (s) on Figure 2 Comments Locust Leaf Minor 1 - 92s 2 - 72 6 77: See appropriate Areas stressed with locust leaf miner were detected on the 3 - 28, 39 & 45: stippling pattern photos as groups or scattered patches of mostly brownish 4 - 261, 263, 265 & 275 colored crowns: over 300 acres of affected area were field 5 - 95, 107, 109, 111 & 1 A3s vertfled in addition, almost all of the areas delineated as 6 - 13, 25, & 27 7 - 46, 48,
- Areas of Unidentified Vegetation Stress" on Figure 2 are in all 50 & 52 8 - 105, 187 & 1993 probability stressed by locust leaf miner.
9 - 241, 247 & 2533 10 - 219 6 2273 11 - 139, o 143 6 145 12 - 158, 160, C y 166 & 168. 7 2 C Fall Webworm 1 - 85 Area 1 Approsimately 20 trees affected: some tross having in escess of C 50 webworn bag remnants most trees were completely defollated. >h F2 Herbicide Ell! 1 - 85 Area 2 Pipeline sprayed, to k!!1 woody vegetation, as a maintenance m M measure. O t-' O5 Flooding 2 - 77 Area 3 Ripartan vegetation flooded. !"* y Og Power Line Maintenance 3 - 4) & 45 Field crews were falling trees under the power lines that para!!el hg Engle Roads cutting followed the overflight. O>O S0 /O: ne/R adway Runoff 3 - 45 Area 4 Necrotic Pine needless possible SO, or ozone injury, roadway !" h 2 runoff. py AZ Fall Webworm-3-43 Area 5 Fall weinsors bag remnants in shagbark hickory 3 affected tree was "O = O< adjacent to a stand of blue spruce, hemlock and white pine. W Dutch Elm Disease 3 -41 Areas 6 & 7 Dead snags. S0 /0: ne/R adway Runoff 3 -43 Area 8 Necrosis on scotch pine needleep possible So, or ozone injury, 2 roadway runof fs also, stand is overstocked, Erees are crowding each other out, needs thinning. SO /0 one/ Roadway Runoff 3 - 39 Area 9 Necroels on pine needless possibly 80 r ne injury, roadway 2 2 runoff. Fall Wetneorm 3 - 39 Area 10 Fall webworn bag remnants in black cherry and apple treess cherry trees were almost completely defoliated. M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M w TABLE VI-3 (Continued) m O Area Identification H Flight Line(s) & or Delineation ~Q Type of Stress Photo Number (s) on Figure 2 Comunents Z Dutch Elm Disease 3-39 Area 11 Numerous dead ela snags in drainage areas also, a few black locust snags. Fall Webworm 3-39 Area 12 Black cherry trees with webworn bag remnants. Fall Webworm 3-39 Area 13 Defoliated black cherry with webworm bag remnants. Fall Webworm 3-37 Area 14 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants: also, some black cherry b anage. $ 0 80 / Osone / Roadway Runoff 3-35 Area 15 Three stands of scotch pine in Raccoon 1bwnship Municipal Park C 2 all of which contain individuals with necrotic needless possible 20 80 r a ne injury, roadway runoff. C 2 >w Flooding 4-259 Area 16 Numerous dead or dying black cherry trees within periodically g-. 2 flooded area. m g OF SO / Osone / Roadway Runoff 4-259 Area 17 Necrosis on red pine needless possible 80 ' * "* 1al"'Y. O~O 2 2 u roadway rirnof f, r e O._, Fall Webworm 5-99 Area 18 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants. O O SO / Ozone / Roadway Runoff 6-09 Area 19 White pine with necrotic needleep possible 80 ' *""* i"3"'Y' 2 2 7 roadway runoff. rg Hesbicide Kill 6-13 Area 20 Recent.ly sprayed transmission line corridors evident on ground, however, not evident on aerial photography because of shadowings Tg minor overspray. O Fall Webworm 6-13 ) Area 21 American ela and black cherry with webworn bag remnants. ~4 Fall Webworm 6-19 Area 22 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants. Fall Webworm 6-21 Area 23 A4erican ela, black cherry, bigtooth aspen, and black locust with webworn bag remnants. Fall Webworm 6-27 Area 24 Black locust with webworn bag remnants also, some locust leaf miner. Fall Webworn 7-48 Area 25 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants; also, some Narby elm snages.
- - - - - " ' - - - - ' - ' ~ ~ " ' - u, f71Od TA81.5 VI-3 (Continued) s Area Identification Flight Line(s) & or Delineation Type of Stress Photo Number (s) on Figure 2 Comments Fall Webworn 7-52 Area 26 Black cherry, white ash and black locust with webworn bag remnants. Fall Webworm 7-52 Area 27 Black cherry and black locust with webworn bag remnants. oo D 90psone/RoadwayRunoff 7-66 Area 20 Nwcrotic white pine needless poselble 30, or ozone injury, >C roadway runoff. 20 2 C Fall Webworn 8-185 Area 29 Black cherry and white ash with webworm bag remnants: cherry C in trees almost completely defoliated. 80 /0 one/ Roadway Runoff 8-107 Area 30 Necrotic white pine needless possible 80 c * "* i")"'I' 2 2 roadway runotf. Oo all Webworn 8-107 Area 31 Black walnut with webworn bag remnants. ha Fall Webworn 9-239 Area 32 Hickory with webworn bag remnants. "O n o Fall Webworm 9-239 Area 33 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants 3 o Fall Webworm 12-160 Areae 34, 35 & 36 Black cherry with webworn bag remnants. ..ii bwor. 13-1.. Area 3, . lac, orr, wit,, we -. b., re ant.. g< w-! W W E E E E E E E E E
M M M M M M M M M ' TABLE VI-4 m M FLIGIIT LOG OF Tile 1980 AERIAL Pi!O % MISSION FLOWN IN TIIE VICINITY OF Tile BVPS O2 e h01CGHAPHIC FLIGitT. LOG pose:s No. _ Job Ord r Ra * -> o O nc-s @zru riim 2w; u to, e a no. PAGE *- Date _ 9-E88 Pilot - #48 [] RC-10 Fccal Fdter
- d En.ulsion No Aircraf. b8/#
O 64 * * * ~ Length /5 W b .14.ym_uz L.perato-be Ars esser
- gic, I6-#
Holl No / et,,,, s,,,,,
- n..
oc a O A "d* TIME FRAME CCUNT l0.L.% REMARKS C 2;te Une Run Heading sent sien s: ort 1 s c, 7g / 3/2a x-s /d:f3 to.Y3rso 8f 9/ Sold SC r2m m 2 /d:sto to:92 49 83 o t~ Oo E 3 /0:30 /o:11 29 M Oh 9o Y /C/7 /E91 257 2 76 09 ee s pa*g /g:52 Ps //s y 'U - 0< 4 to:ts to:t2 7 28 -t 7 to:33 M:35 94 68 8 //:17 //:2 / /8/ 202 9 //42 //:fS 23T 2s4 to /E29 /E3/ zo? ?Jo // /Kol //: n /37 /ss /2 //:09 //.'/o /54 /70 /3 lll13 II:ll /7/ /B0
SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I An addition 37 acres were also surveyed in the BVPS vicinity in order to identify causal factors of vegetative stress. Twenty areas contained trees infested by f all webworm (Hyphantria cunea). It has been documented that this lepidopteran has attacked as many as 88 species of shade, fruit, and ornamental trees (excluding conifers) in the United States (Johnson and Lyon 1976). Although its feeding habits very regionally, elm, maple, hickory, apple, ash, and black cherry are preferred in Western Appalachia and the Ohio Valley. During the field survey, it was observed that a large number of black cherries were completely defoliated by this pest. The fall webworm is a small white moth which deposits its egg masses in the spring. The emerging larvae pass through as many as 11 stages of development in which they spin silk webs over foliage and skeletonize the leaves as they feed (Bor or and White 1970). Damage is of minor importance in forestry, but infe:tation in ornamental plantings sometimes affects esthetic values enough to warrant control (Baker 1972). I Other insect-caused vegetative damage included evidence of Dutch elm disease in three locations. Vegetation stressed by flooding and/or poor drainage in low areas was identified at two observation points, and it is certain that high water levels in other areas not surveyed contributed to widespread stress. Precipitation records from Pittsburgh International Airport indicated that rainfall accumulations during the 1980 growing season (April to September) were between 5 and 6 inches above normal for the l region (NOAA 1980). Although vegetation in poorly-drained areas was stressed by the increased precipitation,it is probable that upland vegetation wculd benefit. i Evidence of possible air or water pollution damage was observed in 8 locations. In each of these areas, the needles of conifers were necrotic. Possible causal factors and ozone. included runoff or spray containing road de-icing salts, or airborne 502 Conifers are highly susceptible to these pollutants (Jacobson and Hill 1970, Moxley and Davidson 1973). The potential for a synergistic effect between cooling tower drif t and industrial emissions in the area was pointed out in the final environmental impact statement for the BVPS, Unit 1 (USAEC 1973). Further study would be necessary to quantify this possible relationship. i I 157 I
SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1930 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I Several instances of vegetation removal that did not show up on the aerial photography were noted during the field survey. Herbicide use was observed in two areas, and power line maintenance (tree cu'tting) was active at one location. Summary and Conclusions During the summer and fall of 1930, vegetation stress was monitored in the vicinity of the BVPS cooling tower. False color infrared aerial photography, photointer-pretation of the imagery, and field observations were conducted to detect stressed or damaged vegetation and to identify probable causes. Evidence from the photography and fieldwork indicatea that the majority of vegetation damage was due to construction activities (particularly housing), whereas vegetation stress was primarily caused by insects (fall webworm and locust leaf miner), disease (Dutch elm disease), poor drainage in low areas (excess rainfall during the growing season), and herbicide spraying programs. Several coniferous species showed stress caused by possible air pollution (50, z ne) r salt damage 2 from adjacer.t public roadways. The actual cause and source of this damage would require further work for positive identification. Based on interpretation of CIR aerial photography and field verification, there is no evidence to suggest that the BVPS cooling towe.r is causing vegetation stress. A combination of drif t from the BVPS and Bruce Mansfield cooling towers, regional stack emissions, air pollution from other sources such as automobiles, and the local l climate may contribute to vegetational stress in the region. The uncertainties of synergistic effects would make it difficult, although not impossible, to measure the l actual contribution of the BVPS cooling tower drif t to these effects. I It is also possible that the BVPS cooling tower is subtly affecting local micro-climatic systems with its inputs of moisture and heat. Damaged vegetation from l winter ice buildup would have been a diagnostic measure of this effect, but there I was no evidence of heavy limb fall or structural damage in the photographs or field observations. l 1 158 I l
i 1 SECTION VII DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l VII. REFERENCES l AQUATIC Bailey, R. M. (Chairman). 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes i l from the United States and Canada. Spec. Publ. No. 12. Am. Fish. Sc:., Bethesda, Maryland,174 pp. l Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1979. 1980 Pennsylvania Collectors Permit. l l Dahlberg, M. D. and E. P. Odum. 1970. Annual cycles of species occurrence, l abundance and diversity in Georgia estuarine fish populations. Am. Midl. Nat. l 83:382-392. l EPA. 1973. Biological field and laboratory methods. EPA-670/4-73-001. Cincinnati, OH. l Hutchinson, G. E. 1967. A treatise on limnology. Vol. 2, Introduction to take I biology and the limnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.1115 pp. l l Hynes, H. B. N. 1970. The ecology of running waters. Univ. Toronto Press, l Toronto. l Marcy, B. C.1976. Planktonic fish eggs and larvae of the lower Connecticut River and the effects of the Connecticut Yankee Plant, including entrainment. In: D. Merriman and L. Thorpe (eds.), The Connecticut River ecological study: the impact of a nuclear power plant. Am. Fish. Soc. Monogr. NO. 1,115-139. I Pielou, E. C. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. Wiley Interscience, l Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. Scott, W. B. and E 3. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Bd. Canada. Bulietin 184. 966 p. Winner, J. M. 1975. Zooplankton. In: B. A. Whitton, ed. River ecology. Univ. Calif. press. Berkeley and Los Angeles. pp. 155-169. l TERP ESTRIAL Baker, W. L. 1972. Eastern forest insects. USDA Forest Service Misc. Pub. No. 1175. Wcshington, D.C. Borror, D. J. and R. E. White.1970. A field guide to the insects of America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. Hepting, G. H. 1971. Diseases of forest and shade trees of the United States. USDA Forest Service Handbook No. 386. Washington, D.C. 159
SECTION VII DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1980 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL RE~' ORT Hilborn, W. H. 1978. Application of remote sensing in forestry. M Introduction to remote sensing of the environment, B. F. Richason, Jr., ed. Kendall/ Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa. Jacobson, 3. S. and A. C. Hill. 1970. Recognition of air pollution injury to vegetation: a pictorial atlas. Air Pollution Control Association, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Johnson, W. T. and H. H. Lyon. 1976. Insects that feed on trees and shrubs. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, NY
- Moxley, L. and H. Davidson.
1973. Salt tolerance of various woody and herbaceous plants. Horticultural report no. 23. De.yartment of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1980. Local climatological data, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. U.S. Department of Commerce. Shipley, B. L., S. B. Pahwa, M. D. Thompson, and R. B. Lantz, 1980. Remote sensing for detection and monitoring of salt stress on vegetation: evaluation and guidelines. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. United States Atomic Energy Commission. 1973. Final environmental statement: Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit 1. 160 I -}}