ML19323H971

Proposed Widening of Existing Transmission Line Corridor, River Bend Nuclear Power Station,Units 1 & 2, Preliminary Case Rept.Natl Register Property Descriptions & Proposed Memorandum of Agreement Encl

ML19323H971
Person / Time
Site:	River Bend
Issue date:	06/02/1980
From:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:
Shared Package
ML19323H970	List: ML19323H969 ML19323H971
References
NUDOCS 8006170375
Download: ML19323H971 (60)

Text

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PRELIMIlARY CASE REPORT PROPOSED WIDENING 0F AN EXISTING TRAtlSMISSION LINE CORRIDOR RIVER BEND NUCLEAR POWER STATION UNITS 1 AND 2 PORT iiUDSON, LOUISIANA JUNE 1950 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHIt;GTON D.C.

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T' ELE OF CONTENTS I.

INTRODUCTION..........................

1 II.

AGENCY INVOLVE 1ENT..................-......

3 III.

PROJEC'l STATUS.........................

4 IV.

NEPA f,TATUS 6

V.

~~ PROJr.CT DESCRIPTION 7

V I'.

NAT40NAL REGISTER PROPERTY DESCRIPTION.............

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VII.

ADVERSE EFFECT STATEMENT....................

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VIII. STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER VIEWS 15 IX.

OTHER AGENCY VIEWS........................ 24 X.

ALTERNATIVES TO AVOID ADVERSE EFFECT.............. 26 XI.

ALTERNATIVES TO MITIGATE ADVERSE EFFECTS............ 31 XII.

COST ESTIMATE AND FEDERAL ROLE............. '.... 35 XIII. RECOMMENDATIONS 36 APPENDIX 1 -- Cul tural Resource Survey................. 37 APPENDIX 2 - National Register Property Description.......... 50' APPENC'4 3 - Map of Alternatives 1 and 2 60 I

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INTRODUCT!0N This Preliminary Case Report is for a proposec wicening of an existing transmission line corridor which is related to the construction of the River Send fluclear Power Station, tnits 1 and 2 by the Gulf States Utilities Ccc;any (GSU).

A segment of the transmission line corridor, which contains two lines of poles, was included within the boundary of what is now designated as the Port Hudson Battlefield fiatior.sl Historic Landmark.

The proposed action involves widening the existing corridor between 75 to 155 feet for the puroose of installing a line of poles carrying two new 230 kV circuits.

The U.S. Nuclear P.egulatory Commission (flRC) arepared this reoort in accordance with the requirements of the Advisory Council on Historic Prescrvation (ACHP) as provided in 36 CFR Part 800.13 of the Protection of Historic and Cultural Procerties.

This report contains information suoplied by Gulf States Utilities Conoany; Louisiana Departrcent of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, Division of Archaeology and L storic Preservation; Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, Office of State Parks and the Curator of Museum of Anthropology, Louisiana State Universi ty.

The agencies and individuals directly involved or having an interest in the federal permitting undertaking are as follows:

Mr. Wm. H. Regan, Jr., Chief Siting Analysis Branch Division of Engineering U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

'4ashington, DC 20555 Mr. L. L. Humphrey's Ixacutive Vice President.

F.lvEr Bend Nuclear Group klf S:ates Utilities Company Post Office Sox 2951 Eaaseont, Texas 77704

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Mr. E. Bernard Carrier State Historic Preservation Officer

- Division of ' Archeology and Historic Preservation Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism Post Office: Box ~44247 Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70804 Mr. Wylie Harvey Assistant Director Office of State Parks Louisiana ' Department of Culture, Recreation and Tourism Post Office Drawer 1111

. Baton Rouge.. Louisiana. 70821 Dr. Robert W. 'leuman

-Curator of Museum of Anthropology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge. Louisiana e

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II. AGENCY IflV01.VEMENT The proposed widening of the transmission.line is related to the construction of the River Bend fluclear Power Station. The federal involvement in this project is in accordance with the regulations in the following acts:

(1)

The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended and the Energy Reorganization Act_of 1974, (2)

The fiational Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (10 CFR Parts O to 199).

.The granting of a construction permit by the NRC constitutes the major federal action in this case.

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e III. PROJECT STATUS In September,1973 GSU forwarded the River Bend Station Environmental Report to the. Atomic Energy Commission (now NRC) as part of its application for a construction permit. The Port Hudson National Historic Landmark, which encompasses a portion of the trans,rission corridor designated as Line Route C, was not yet in existence.

Line Route C and the other corridor routes were reviewed during the construction permit action which included a Draft Environmental Statement and a Final Environ-mental Statement (September, 1974) and subsequently a hearing. The construction permit was issued on March 25, 1977. One of the conditions of the NEPA review required a cultural resource survey to be performed on GSU transmission line rights-of-ways. Such a survey was conducted in May, June, and July, 1978.

Archeological and historic site surveys (see Apoendix 1) over the entire lengths of all the transmission line corridors were completed for GSU by the Curator of Museum of Anthropology, Louisiana State University. Following comoletion of the surveys, The Louisiana Departnent of Culture, Recreation and Tourism, Division of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (SHPO) detailed the conditions that would have to be followed by GSU in its construction program. GSU committed to adhere to the mitigating conditions outlined by the SHPO.

Following an NRC exchange of information with the Uenver Western Office of Review and Compliance of the ACHP, it was determined that NRC would request ACHP to comment on the proposed undertaking. Further contacts were made with officials of ACHP in Denver and Washington, D. C., with the Louisiana SHP0 and with the Louisiana Office 4

of State Parks.

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In August 1979.a site visit to the Landmark area was conducted by fiRC with officials from GSU, LSU and state officials in atts:-dance. Following the site visit the f;RC had GSU provide it with information on alternatives, obtained additional information from state officials and prepared this Preliminary Case Report.

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IV. NEPA51Alus, The position of the NRC is to complete the review and coment procedure outlined in 36 CPR Part 800.13 before GSU proceeds with any construction within the boundary of the Port Hudson Battlefield.

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PROJECT DESCRIPTICtl The proposed undertaking is defined as a construction activity which could widen an existing transmission line corridor which trav seses about 4.45 miles of the Port Hudson National Historic Landmark. 'The present width of the corridor varies between 150 and 210 feet. There are two lines of transmission tcwers within the existing corridor. The height of the steel structures varies between 60 to 125 feet, while the height of the wood structures varies between 70 to 100 feet, depending on topography. The proposed construction would widen the corridor betv.een 75 to 155 additional feet to allcw placement of another line of t:wers.

The height of the new steel structures aculd ury between 75 to 135 feet, depcadinj on topography.

Figure 1 presents the current land use within the Landmark and the precise location of the proposed activity which will be immediately adjacent to the depicted existing transmission line right-of-way traversing the Landmark.

The boundary configuration of the Landmark, which has been superimposed on a recent aerial photograph of the area in Figure 1, confonns to the coordinates information provided in the National Register of Historic Places (see chapter entitled flational Register Propert; Pescription).

As is evident from Figure 1, land use within the Landmark varies widely. While over one-half of the total acreage is devoted to bottomland forest, upland forest, pasture and creek, about 16 percent is given over to industrial and comercial uses. A state park which is presently undergoing development, accounts for abcut 12.5 percent of the Landmark area. Rural homesites make up about 10.5 per:ent of the area. Rights-of-way (powerlines, pipe and road) take i.o c: _

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about 6 percent of the total area.' Mixed residential-commerical usage, cemetaries and new oil well sites account for the remaincer of the lana within

.the Landmark. "The estimated nsmber of acres in each category of land use wi*hin the Landmark are presented in T5ble 1.

As may be seen in Figure 1, the proposed route, which is adjacent to the existing orridor, enters the northern boundary line of the Landmark in a southeasterly direction and crosses 200 feet of bottomland forest and 400 feet of Thompson Creek. The line further crosses 3100 feet of bottomland _foreste 1505 feet of pasture land and 1960 feet of upland forest.

Beginning at the intersection of the right-of-way with the northern boundary of the State Park, the line crosses 1770 feet of upland forest which adjoins the State Park. The line continues across 1560 feet of upland forest where it turns in an easterly direction crossing 325 feet of upland forest. Next, 2700 feet of residential land and 2290 feet of pasture land are crossed.

Of this segment, about 2870 feet of the line adjoins the State Park. After crossing another 150 feet of residential land, the line turns south crossing 1230 feet of commercial and residential land. As the line continues southward it crosses 1785 feet of commercial land,1020 feet of residential land, 2540 feet of pastura land, and 950 feet of industrial land before exiting across the southern boundary line of the Landmark. Table 2 presents a breakdown of footage, by category of land, that would be traversed by

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The purpose of the visit to the Landmark property by the NP.C stiff s'd state officials was to examine the locations of the breastwork sites and to obtain field observations of the corridor.

The.*PC staff, state officials, and GSU staff jointly identified possible visually sensitive points alor.g the corridor adjoining the State Park and the vicinity of the National Cemetery and visited the points.

The NRC staff together with the state officials concurred that the added incremental visual effect would be very small.

In any event it is the position af the staff that addition of the proposed line would not be out of character with the property.

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TABLE 1 Land Use Within Landmark

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By Category, 1979 Category-Area in Acres Bottomland Forest 1520.25 Upland Forest 566.80 Pasture 615.50 Industrial 709.00 Commercial 127.75 Rural Homesties 539.50 Creek 49.50 State Park 641.70 Residential-Commercial 20.25 Cementary 12.00 Road-Rights-of-Ways 80.75 Powerline Rights-of-Ways 161.00 Pipeline Rights-of-Ways 71.00 New 011 Well Sites 2.75 Total 5117.75 Source: Developed from _information furnished by Gulf States Utilities Company e \\

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TABLE 2 Length.of proposed Route by Type of Land. Traversed Category Number of Feet Bottomland Forest.

3300 Upland Forest 5615 Creek 400

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. Source: Developed from information furnished by Gulf States Utilities Company.

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.'.::i'.atico Form for Pcrt L dsen which provides a histcrical signifi ance descrip-tion of the Register property.

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VII. ADVERSE EFFECT STATElENT There will be a minor alteration of the property within the boundary of the Landmark. Consequently, the Criteria of Adverse Effect as promulgated in

-36 CFR Nrt 800.3(b)(1)

" destruction or alteration of all or part of a property" would apply to this project.

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VIII. STATE HISTORICAL PRESERVATION OFFICER VIEWS Following completion of the archaeological and historic surveys of the transmission line corridors requested by the SHP0, the SHP0 presented GSU with certain construction orogram conditions required for project clearance from his office (see attached letter from E. Bernard Carrier, State Historic Preservation Officer to W. J. Reed, Jr., GSU, September 22,1978). GSU agreed to the conditions and adopted then as commitments to be incorporated into their construction program (see attached letter from J. E.

Booker, GSU to E. Bernard Carrier, SHP0, February 5,1979).

In August 1979 NRC conducted a site visit to the Landmark in the company of SHP0

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officials, state parks officials, the surveying archaeologist and GSU officials.

NRC's visit and discussions with the various officials resulted in the following findings:

1.

The state archaeologist continues to concur in the conditions stated in the letter of September 22, 1978.

2.

The state architectural historian continues to concur in the conditions stated in the letter of September 22, 1978. The state architectural historian together with state park officials and NRC staff identified areas along the transmission line corridor that might be visually sensitive, visited the areas, and subsequently concurred in the op, inion that the added incremental visual effect would be minimal.

The NRC staff is of the opinion that addition of the proposed line would not be out of character with the property.

In addition, cn April 28, 1980, as a result of a meeting which took place on April 23, 1980, between the State Hist:rical Preservation Officer and GSU, additional clarifying commitments to guide the proposed construction within the Lindnark were made and detailed in the attached letter (see letter from

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J. E. Booker, GSU to.E. Bernard Carrier, SHP0, April 28, 1980).

In response-to this'1etter-the SHP0 restated his acceptance of the commitment and agreed that these comitments will avoid any adverse impact on any archeological ~

remains in the Landmark (see attached letter from E. Bernard Carrier, SHP0 to J. E. Booker, GSU, April 30,1980).

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April 28, 1980 EEG - 7557 File G10.2.h Mr. E. Bernard Carrier State Historic Preservation Office Louisiana Department of Culture,

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Fecreation & Touris:

P.O. Box hh2k7 3aton Bouge, LA 7060h

Dear Sir:

File No. G10.2.h, Environ = ental -

History, Land Use, Transport, Transmission River dend Station Units 1 and 2 A =eeting was held April 23, 1980 between Gulf States Utilities representatives and ne=ters of your staff to clarify and _ detail commitments regarding the clearing of right-of-way and construction of an electrical trans=ission line.

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is presently preparing a Preliminary Case Report for this undertaking to the Advisory

- Council en Historic Preservation pursuant to 26CFR 600 require-sents.

This letter is to confirn those ec==it=ent details agreed upon in the =eeting.

- No do:ing or heavy equipment vill be allowed within 25 feet of any breastverks, nor_ vill any structural founda-tions be located within this 25 foot area. Furthermore, this area' vill be flagged prior to clearing and all clear-ing within the flagged area vill be by hand-operated equipment such as chain savs. All trees vill be cut 12" above grade and felled trees vill be dragged frcm the area for disposal.

- A professional archaeologist or his representative vill be present to monitor all clearing and construction acti-vities'between 1200 feet north and 300 feet scath of site.!3; between 650 north of site E6 and 1600: feet soutt-east of site th; and between LSO feet north and L50 feet scuth of site #7 m

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p-g 2 If any artifacts or potential artifacts A.re disecvered within.the Port Hudsen 3attlefield ::sticns'. Histcric

= Landmark boundaries, clearing or ecnstruction activities

- vill ^ be stopped vithin a 25 foot radius of the find until ycur office has' teen notified and ycur approval

. to resure activities within that radius has teen given.

If this additional information meets ycur requirenents and adequately represents these censittents agreed upon in the.=eeting, please respond.

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i~a h:.vo c::r.uinvd CSU'c co:cnitt..nts rclative to the Port

h C ica 1 ctional Eattlefield included in your lottor of 7qir11 2 9, l!CO.

Tsc ctated in your lotter, thoce com.mitm nts vere discoccod

!.ch:sca racrabt:rs of my staff and GSU reprecentatives on April 23, ICCO.

ITo ageco that the con.aitments made by G5U uill Lvoid cny a dvu r.e f.nor et by the propoced pro *ce t on cny crchecological

.u..inc ht thio 1 c.t.f ent.1 Hit.to:-ic L nduc.rk cite.

If uo niy c.ccist you further, please contact my ctoff in

' ho Diviulon of 7.rcht.cology t.nd Itistoric Preserva tion.

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OFFICE OF PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT f cWIN W. EcWARDS E. BERNARD CARRIER. PhD J. LARRY CS Al*4, Pho oevernor Aninant Secretary Sere:a v September 22, 1978 Mr. William J. Reed, Jr.

Gulf States Utilities Company post Office Box 2951 Beaumont, Texas 77704 Re:

Cultural, Resources Survey of the Gulf States Utilities Transmission Line Rights of Way, Louisiana:

Line 752 - routes A-and D Line 352 - routes C and E

Dear Mr. Reed:

Tne Division of Archaeology and Historic preservation has reviewed the above referenced survey report prepared by R. W. Neuman of Louisiana State University.

I would like to submit the following coments and recc.cendations at this time:

(1) The report should include a brief description of the environmental setting including elevation, drainage, major floral and faunal comunities.

(2) Spot find foms should be submitted for sites 1 and 2 with accompanying sketch map showing the locations of subsurface testing; (3) Site forms should be completed and submitted for sites 3-7 (Civil War breastworks).

Separate foms should be completed for sites 3 and 7.

Sites 4-6 can be con-sidered one site due to their close proximity.

(4) A site fom should be completed for site 8 (Riddle Family Cemetery). Site numbers and spot find numbers will be assigned by the Division when the. forms are submitted to this office. Tne additional environmental data can be submitted as an addendum to the report.

(5) Sites 1 and 2 do not appear to meet the criteria for state registry or National Register consideration. No further work is recommended at this time.

If additional artifacts (pottery, arrowheads, other stone tools) are 20 -

OlVIS:CN OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PREsIRVATsON P. C. Su 2447 Baton Rouge, La. 7o504 504 342 6632 ee-,we

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September 22, 1978 Page Two encountered during construction, this office should be notified immediately and construction temporarily halted.

(6)

Every effort should be made to avoid any physical impact (terrain alteration) in the vicinities of sites 3-7.

Access roads required for construction of the transmission lines should be routed well away from these features.

Any sub-surface disturbance in close proximity to sites 3-7 (e.g.

core holes ~for placement of transmission poles) should be monitored by a professional archaeologist. No cores should be placed within 25 feet of any of the breastworks.

(7) Site 8 (Riddle Cemetery) should be avoided by all construc-tion ~ activi ties.

(8) Any subsurface terrain alteration occurring within the limits of the Port Hudson Battlefield National Historic Landmark should be monitored by a professional archaeologist.

If these recommendations are' followed, the adverse impacts on the Port Hudson Battlefield and other cultural resources within the project area should be minimized.

This letter can be considered as my final clearance of this project.

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Sincerely yours, r

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E. Bernard Carrier State Historic Preservation Officer EBC:DHG:mp cc:

R. W..Neuman

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3* F eCg S C X 2 9 51 eE 4 U ed ONT, T E EaS 77704 AmEA CDDE 7 43 839-S 8 3 I February 5, 1979 7.3 G -

6097 Mr.~E. 3ernard Carrier, Assistant Secretary Office of Progras Develop =ent - State of Louisiana Depart =ent of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism Division of Archaeology and Historic ?teservation P. O. 3cx 44257 3aton Rouge, LA 70804 tear Sir:-

File G10.5:

Environ = ental - History, Land Use,-

Transport, Trans=ission, and Seismology Attached are two ceptes of the folleving info nation you requested in your letters dated Septe:ber 21,' 1978 and September 22, 1978:

1)

Archaeological and historica'. site surveys 2)

Description of the 'inviren ental settings for the trans ission routes 3)

Known iiistorical and prehistorical sites clesest to the project area.

4)

Spot find for=s for sites 1 and 2 5)

Site foms for sites 3-7 6)

Site form for site 8 7)

GSU commitments k*e recognize, as you stated in both of these letters, that your final clearance for the trans=ission line routes has been given.

Sincerely, f

J.' E. 3ocker Manager - River 3end ?roject

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In regard to E. Bernard Carrier's letter dated Septe=ber 22, 1978 and ce==ents (5)-(8) therein; Gulf States Utilities vill cease con-struction and notify Mr. Carrier's office if any additional artifacts are %ncountered during such construction activities at sites 1 and 2; Gulf States Utilities vill take every reasenable effort to avoid any physical i= pact in the vicinities of sites 3-7, vill access these areas carefully, will not locate any structural foundations within 25 feed of breastverks, and subsurface disturbances in c1cse proxi=ity to sites-1-7 vill be monitored by a professional archaeologist; Gulf States Utilities till not affect site 8 with any construction activity; Gulf States Utilities will have any subsurface terrain alteration occuring within the li=its of the Port Hudsen Sattlefield National Historic Land = ark =enitored by a professional archaeologist.

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TIX. OTHEP.. AGENCY VIEWS When.l'RC staff consulted with the SHP0 officials about the subject in hand, it was learned that the Louisiana Office of State Parks was beginning to implement

. plans for developing the 640' acre state park' area located within the boundary

'of the Landmark.

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. Attached is a copy of the schematic master plan depicting the state park area which will be known a3 the Port Hudson State Commemorative Area provided by Office of State Parks. After touring the' subject transmission line corridor at points where it is adjacent to park area,i4r. Harvey, of the Office of State Parks, stated that the additional construction would not impact the park area or affect future activities in the park. He was of the same opinion with regard to future known..but unspecified.. satellite areas that may becorae additions to the main body complex.

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LTE:i,4TIVES1 TO ; VOID ADVERSE EFFECT Tvio alternative routes were considered. These routes would avoid the landmark entirely and are not expected to endanger any cultural resources (see attached letter from R. W. tecan to W. J. Reed).

The alternatives, together with the Landmark, are depicted on the map in Figure 2 (see Appendix 3).

Alternative #1 starts at point A which is located northwest of the northern boundary of the Landmark. As can be seen on Figure 2 the line runs for about a mile in a northeasterly direction and then continues on for 4 miles in easterly direction crossing Thompson Creek and Louisiana State Highway flo. 61 paralleling an existin'g Illinois - Central Railroad right-of-way. Alternative [1thenturns south and continues more or less in southern direction to the east of State Highway.No. 61 for about 5.6 miles to the port Hudson Substation. The latter stretch of the line runs across a number of residential areas. Because this stretch of right-of-way would be new and would not parallel existing right-of-way additional land would have to be encumbered and more roads would be crossed and new visual impacts would be introduced.

Alternative #1 would be 1 mile longer than the proposed route and would cost about 5438,000 more than the proposed route. The alternative route would parallel the existing right-of-way 28 percent of its length, as compared to 100 percent for the proposed route. Based on the comparative factors mentioned above, Alternative #1 introduces environmental costs to the area above those of the proposed route.

lAll comparisons made in this chapter between the prooosed route and_the two

-alternativ'e routes are based on the entire lengths of the routes. For instance, of the/ total length-of 9.66 miles of the proposed route, coly 4.45 miles traverse the Landmark; The estimated dollar costs were reviewed by NRC staff and fcund to be reasonable.

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' Alternative #2 starts at point A and runs in southwest direction for 2.9 miles 1

parallel to an existing pipeline and tran'smission right-of-way and across the Mississippi River. The alternative turns south and continues in a more or less southerly " direction for about 5.7 miles crossing a number of roads and residential areas and paralleling different right-of-ways. Alternative #2 then

. turns in.a northeasterly direction and runs for 4.1 miles crossing the Mississipoi River again south of the southern boundary of'the Landrark and continuing for 2.7 ' miles to' the Port Hudson Substation.

The alternate route would be 15.4 miles in length ccmpared to 9.66 mi'..; for the' proposed route and would cost about $5.8 million more than the prcposed S

route. This route would have 3 additional major waterway crossings and 2

. additional road crossings when compared to the proposed route. The environmental costs of the route are greater than the proposed route and the impact on service reliability to the transmission system in the Baton Rouge area in the event of a structure failure affecting the Mississippi River crossing towers make this

-route less preferable to-the proposed route.

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March 10, 1980 l

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i Mr. William J. Reed, Jr.

Gulf States Utilities Company P. O. Box 2951 Beaumont, Texas 77704

Dear Mr. Reed:

In regard to your request, via telephone on March 3, 1980, I have examined the map you sent to me showing the proposed alternates 1 and 2 of Line No. 352 in the Port Hudson, Louisiana area.

Neither the archaeolog-ical files at Louisiana State University nor those at the office of the State Division of Archaeology and Historic Preservation indicate that the proposed alternates 1 and 2.would endanger any cultural resources. All sides of the routes are one or more miles from the Port Hudson Battlefield National Historic Landmark boundary and even further from the Port Hudson State Commemorative Area. These boundaries may be seen on the copies of the enclosed maps.

I hope that this information will be of assistance.

Respectfully, f e ot SUMM Robert W. Neuman Curator of Anthropology pbj File G9.5 F3C-11,991 FROM: Nuclesr Licensing 2 ch e r/E e ed/2ykoshi-1.*E0/ Cort:eli ca /0 C e : t e/Co ck r

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XI. ALTERNATIVES TO MITIGATE ADVERSE EFFECTS Three construction alternatives to the base proposal were considered.

The base proposal involves the emplacement of a line of standard tubular steel

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pole H-frame structures, on adjacent and continguous right-of-way to an existing transmission line corridor using standard construction methods.

The first alternative construction method investigated the possible use of special design large tubular steel, five circuit, H-frame towers to combine new and existing circuits onto one set of structures thereby reducing the number of structures located within the Landmark.

Table 1 presents a ccmparison of the one tcwer alternative to the base proposal.

The ene-tower alternative will require a wider width than the proposed method, a greater number of additional acres to be cleared, and an overall higher structure height. Thus,thealternatiUewouldincreasetheoverallvisualexposure. The alternative would require the use of heavier equipment and an additional 2-1/2 miles of access and service roads. The cost of the alternative is over $2 million1 more than the base proposal. GUS believes that the base proposal is the most reliable of all the alternatives and that the poor reliability of a five circuit tower would be unacceptable due to the possible lossofallfihelineswith a structure failure. Such an event could jeopardize the generator stability of the Big Cajun No. 2 and River Bend Station.

Thesecondandthirdalternatiheconstructionmethodsinhestigatedthe possibility of undergrounding. The second alternative examined the possible 1TheestimateddollarcostspresentedinthischapterwererehiewedbyNRC staff and found to be reas nable.

e use of. underground pipe type cable to install the two new circuits under-ground in the, Landmark leaving the existing circuits overhead in the adjacent right-of-way. -The third alternative examined the use of underground pipe type cable to. install the three existing circuits and the two new circuits in the existing and additional right of way in the Landmark.

Table 2 provides a comparison of the two undergrounding alternatives to the base proposal.. The undergrounding is tremendously more costly than the base proposal. For 2 circuit alternative, $22.3 million is compared to $3.7 million, while for 5 circuit alternative $47.8 million is compared to 3.7 million.

While slightly less right-of-way and cleared acres would be required by the alternatives, the economic cost, additional access roads, exposure to oil spill, additional evacuation and hauling, manhole installation and increased possibility of disrupting underground artifacts all weigh against the under-grounding alternatihe.

9 9

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4 TABLE 1 Comparative Impacts of the One-Tower Alternative to the Base' Proposal Base One-Tower Impact Proposal Alternative Additional R0W Width Needed

-75 to 155 feet 75 to 190 feet Additional Acres to be Cleared 113.6 165.1 Span Length 900 feet 1100 feet Overe11 Structure Height 99 feet 118 feet Visual Exposure minimal greater New Access and Service Roads none 2-1/2 miles Estimated Cost -

$3,760,000

$5,900,000 Source: Developed from information furnished by Gulf States Utilities Company.

l

TABLE 2 Comparative Impacts of the Two Undergrounding Alternatives to the Base Proposal Base Two Circuits Five Circuits

. Impact Proposal Undergrouna Underground Additional R0W Width 75 to 155 feet 75 to 96 feet 75 to 96 feet Needed Additional Acres to be 113.6 99.1 99.1 Cleared Visual Exposure Minimal Reduced Reduced

~

New Access and Service None 2-1/2 miles 2-1/2 miles Roads Exposure to Oil. Spill None 80,000 gallons 80,000 gallons per cable reg.

per cable reg.

Manhole Installation None Every 3000 ft.

Every 3000 ft.

Required Excavaticn and Hauling Base Greater Greater Reliabil i ty Base Reduced Reduced Underground Artifact Base Increased Increased Disruption Estimated Cost

$3,760,000

$22,885,000

$47,868,000 Source: Developed from information furnished by Gulf States Utilities Company. n 1

XII. COST ESTIMATE Afl0 FEDERAL ROLE The cost of the proposed construction of the transmission line is $3,760,000.

The Nuclear Regulatory Comission is the' federal permitting agency related

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to the proposed construction activity. There are no federal shares involved.

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XIII. SU!' MARY OF FINDIfiGS AfiD RECOMMEfDATIONS

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After considering the alternatives, the proposed route cccmitments made by GSU, the State Historical Preservation Officers and other state officials' views, the

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NRC staff concludes that the proposed route is acceptable and on balance, of less impact and disruption and, therefore, preferable. The f;RC staff recommends that state views and GSU commitments form the basis for development of a

. memorandum of agreement.

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4

a APPENDIX 1 Cultural Resource Survey 9

CULTURAL PfSOURCE SURVEY OF THE GULF STATE UTILITIES TRANSMISSION LINE RIGHT-0F-RAYS, LOUISIARA During the months of May, June and July,1978, research was conducted to determine whether any cultural resources would be en.

dangered by-the proposed construction relative to the above-titled project. The right-of-ways covered in this report include: Line 752, routes A and D and Line 352, routes C and E.

These, lines will origi-nate at the River Bend installation in West Feliciana Parish and will terminate at the McKnight Switching Station and Jaguar Substation, respectively. The proposed routes are shown in detail on Map I which is included with this report.

Survey Methodoloay The investigations were conducted in two phases. The initial phase involved archival research to determine whether any prehistoric or historic archaeological deposits or significant, architectural

~

structures had been recorded or reported in the study area.

In addition to consulting the-National Register of Historic Places, the archaeological' files and map library at Louisiana State University, the records and maps of the State Division of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, and the State Archives and Records Commission were examined also.

In the course of research, one area pertinent to this survey was found to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The area, listed in the Register as " Port Hudson Battlefield" is also a National Historic Landmark and it will be o

-s a

2 discussed later in this repo'rt. One kncwn prehistoric site, the Riddle Mounds, is located in the general area around Thompson Creek, bu't it is not within the impact area.

The second phase of investigation involved intensive survey on foot and via field vehicle.

Subsurface test'ing uas dcne in those areas of high probability for site location, i.e., ridges, stream terraces and river crossings. As a check for sampling bias, subsurface tests were also placed in low probability areas.

s a result, testing was done in all types of terrain covered by the proposed transmission line right-of-ways.

Survey Results The field survey recorded eight locations of archaeological significance within the proposed right-of-way expansions. These areas were revisited by the survey crew and their locations, within the right-of-way, were verified in the company of personnel frcm Gulf States Utilities and the right-of-way flagging crew. Of these locations, two are prehistoric manifestations and the remaining six are historic sites. Their location and description are outlined below and are shown on U.S.G.S. topographical cuadranges included with this report (Maps 2 and 3).

Site il Location: T35, R2W, west-central portion of Section 75.

Cescriptio'n:

Site is situated on a ridge over1 coking Louisiana Highway !51, approxicGely 3/4 of a mile south of Thompson Creek and 10 meters north of an existing

3 gas pipeline right-of-way.

Subsurface tests yielded in situ lithic debitage of local river gravels. The area of occupation is approxicately 17 meters.

Artifacts: Eight worked, small, stone flakes of local gravels.

Site #2 Location: T35, R1W north-central portion of Section 78.

==

Description:==

Site is situated on the right bank of Little Sar.dy Creek and apprcximately 1/2 mile north of Louisiana Highway 1964.

Subsurface tests yielded seven.

plain, potsherds. The area of occupation is approxi-mately three-four meters.

Artifacts: Seven plain, clay-tempered potsherds.

Site #3 Location: T45, R2W, north-central portion of irregu13r Section 62.

==

Description:==

Civil War breastwork approximately two meters in height and 15 meters long.

It is situated south of an unnamed stream which flows into port Hickey Landing and west of Gulf States Utilities existing transmission line right-of-way.

Artifacts: none.

Site f4 Location: T45, R2W, SW 1/4 of irregular Section 60.

Cescription: Civil War breastwork approximately three meters in height and 150 meters long. The breastwork is

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4 situated' south 'of Gulf States Utilities existing transmission line right-of-way and runs northeast

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to southwest.

Artifacts: ncne.

Site #5 Location: T45 R2W, SW 1/4 of irregular Section 60.

==

Description:==

Civil" War' breastwork approximately t'hree meters 'in

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height and 25 meters long. The breastwork is situated southeast of the turn in Gulf States Utilities existing transmission line right-of-way.

south of Sandy Creek.

Artifacts: none.

Site #6 Location: T45, R2W, SW 1/4 of irregular Section 60.

==

Description:==

Civil War breastwork approximately four meters in height and 40 meters long. The breastwork is situated southeast of the *.arn in Gulf States Utilities existing transmission line right-of-way and 3/4 of a mile south of Sandy Creek.

Artifacts: none.

Site #7 Location: T45, R2W, NW portion of irregular Section 60.

==

Description:==

Civil War breastwork situated on top of a ridge I

approximately 300 meters south of Sandy Creek and west of Gulf States Utilities existing transmission c_ _

5 line right-of-way.

During the Civil War this area was known as Commissary Hill.

Artifacts:

none.

Site #8 Location:

T45 R2W, east-central portion of irregular Section 43.

==

Description:==

Riddle family cemetery is located within Gulf States Utilities existing transmission line right-of-way, approximately 1/2 mile northeast of Salvation Church and one mile north of Louisiana Highway !964.

Artifacts:

none.

The prehistoric cnd historic sites located during this survey are but a few of the large number of kncwn archaeological sites within this region.

These sites attest to the presence of peoples during the prehistoric and historic eras and include earthen counds, campsites, forts, villages and housesites. All of these varying archaeological mani.festations span the entire continuum of human occupation, in the State, from the end of the Pleistocene to Historic times.

Outlined below is a summary of the regional, prehistoric, cultural periods.

1.

Paleo-Indian.

10,000 B.C.--6000 B.C.

Diagnostic traits: Lanceolate, stone, projectile points with or without flutes extending up the long axis of the. points. The fluting may be unifacial or bifacial.

Basis for Temporal Placement: Assignments based upon point

~

typologies, geologic and paleontologic correlations and radio-carbon dates from the Avery Island site, Iberia Parish.

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Subsistence Economy: Hunters and gatherers. Excavated sites reveal artifacts tentatively assigned to strata containing 1

bone of extinct Pleistocene fauna.

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Settlement Pattern: Arc'haeolo'gical deposits are indicative of i

small, temporary campsites.

2.

Archaic. 6000 B.C.--500 B.C.

Diagnostic Traits: Medium to large, triangular projectile points having varicusly-shaced bases with or without notch.ed side edges, chipped stone scrapers, knives, drills, gravers, micro-blades, ground stone beads, celts, plummets, gorgets, effigies and steatite vessels. Antler atlatl hooks, bone awls, shell ornaments and Poverty Point baked clay objects. Artifacts of exotic raw material are most commonly associated with Poverty Point components.

Basis for Temporal Placement: Projectile point' typologies and radie-carbon dates.

Subsistence Econcmy: Hunters and gatherers. No physical evidence of horticulture.

Settlement Pattern: The enomous earthworks at the Poverty Point site, West Carroll Parish, comprised of a mound and concentric, semicircular ridges. A low, domed, earthen tumulus was tested on Avery Island; also several campsite deposits in the Lake Pontchartrain area. At the Monte Sano site, East Baton Rouge Parish, excavations revealed remains of a structure having a square floor pattern.

3.

Tchefuncte. 500 B.C.--A.D. 250 Diagnostic Traits:

the first major introduction of pottery.

Vessels are conical with multifom, tetrapodal bases. Incised, brushed, punctated and stamped decorative motifs appear on the vessel body and rim exterior. Also introduced are decorated.

tubular, clay pipes. Stone, bone and shell implerants and baked clay objects are common and similar to those of the Archaic Period, but not nearly as plentiful, variable or as ornate.

Basis for Temporal Placement: Stratigraphic excavations and radio-carbon dates.

Subsistence Econcmy: Hunters and gatherers.

Indications of horti-culture from the Tchefuncte deposit at the Morton Shell Mound, Iberia Parish.

Settlement Pattern: Sites predominate in the marsh areas of southern Louisiana and are characterized by shell middens.

Inland sites consist of middens and perhaps 1cw, domed, earthen

.ounds containing primary flexed and secondary human interments associated with sparse -acounts of artifacts. Seme evidence of light-poled structures having an oval floor pattern.

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7 4.

Marksville.

• A.D. 250--A.D. 700 Diagnostic Traits:

New pottery types cceprised of bowls, globular arid jar-shaped vessels elaborately decorated on the exterior with punctated, incised and r.mped motifs. Vessels also decorated with red pigment a.

stylized zoomorphic motifs.

Stone and ceramic platform pipes and effigies. Artifacts of exotic raw materials including copper, quartz crystals, asphaltum and galena.

Basis for Temporal Placement:

Ceramic typology, stratigraphic tests, extensive excavations and radiocarbon dates.

Subsistence Economy: Hunters and gatherers. A single instance of corn and squash purported frem the Marksville site, Avoyelles Parish.

Settlement Pattern: One extensive occupation, the Marksville site, consists of a group of earthen mounds within a semicircular ridged, earthen wall.

Domed mounds contain a central platform for the disposal of the dead. Human interments, both primary and secondary, are deposited along with a selected quantity of pottery, stone, bone, shell and copper funerary offerings.

Other sites consist of middens and/or mounds lacking enclosures.

Evidence of a possible house structure, rectangular in plan with a semisubterranean floor, was exposed at the Marksville site.

5.

Troyville-Coles Creek.

A.D. 700-A.D. 1100 Diagnostic Traits:

New ceramic typologies, clay tempered pottery and new decorative designs.

Elbow-shaped clay pipes, ear spools and mealing stones.

Near the end of this period the prepon-derance of small, finely chipped projectile points is indicative of the introduction of the bow and arrow, whereas previously the atlatl predominated.

Basis for Temporal Placement:

Ceramic typology, stratigraphic tests, extensive excavations and radiocarbon dates.

Sub'sistence Economy: Theoretically, an agricultural base with native and tropical cultigens, supplemented by hunting and gathering.

Settlement Pattern:

Characteristically, three large, pyramidal, compound mounds oriented around an cpen plaza. Houses with rectangular or oval floor patterns. Mounds of the Troyville site, Catahoula Parish, mere surrounded by a rectangular ditch and earthen wall enclosure. Multiple primary and secondary human interments, generally without artifactual association, are ccamen in the ecunds.

8 6.

Mississiopiarr. A.D.1100--Historic Period Diagnostic Traits: New ceramic typologies, shell tempered pottery, effigy vessels, new decorative motifs, strap handles, effigy pipes and ear spools. Late in the period native artifacts are found in association with European trade material.

"Southe rn Cult" items are also present.

Basis for Temporal Place' ment:

Ceramic typology, stratigraphic tests and ethno-historic documentation.

Included are sites of the Plaquemine Period.

Subsistence Econcmy: Corn, squash and bean agriculture supplement by hunting and s'athering.

Settlement Pattern: Large, compound, pyramidai :nounds oriented around an open plaza. Mounds may have stepped ramps.

Round, rectangular and square house floor patterns with and without wall trenches. Some villages sur. rounded by a wooden palisade.

Secondary, single and multiple human bundle burials occur in the mounds, primary extended and flexed human intements are also present.

Historic Era The most significant locale to be traversed by the proposed transmission lines is that surrouading Port Hudson. The original town c,7 Port Hudson (1832-1862), located along the banks of the Mississippi River, served r.s a station for the Louisiana Railway and Nayigation Company Rail Line.

A railroad, running 21.5 miles from Clinton to Port Hudson was completed in 1840; one of the first to reach the Mississippi River in the United States. The town prospered with increases in railroad and steamboat activity due to expanded agricultural productivity in,the hinterlands. Cotton was the most important agricultural product.

In 1852 the tcwn was incorporated and enjoyed continued prosperity until the advent of.

the Civil War (Brcwn, 1936).,

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9 This area was also the scene "of one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. The first serious clash occurred around May 24, 1863, therebybeginningaseigewhichlasted48dayswith6000 Confederate troops defending the area against more than 30,000 Union troops.

The Confederate army inflicted heavy casualties on the Union invaders, but with the fall of Vicksburg, the last hope for Confederate control of the Mississippi River was lost and Port Hudson surrendered July 9, 1863(Bonham,1917).

Today a large area of land surrounding the battlet'ield proper has

~

been acquired by the State with plans for a State Ccmmemorative Area undersay. Jn addition, a memorial cemetery with markers to unknown Confederate soldiers has been erected in the area to the west of the proposed right-of-way and a National Cemetery, south of the battlefield area is also in existence. The area represents great historical significance and should be protected and preserved.

During the survey through the Port Hudson environs rampant vandalism was noted, paiticu-larly around the Civil War breastworks and the old Port Hudson cemetery.

Recommendations The construction of transmission lines, in general, is not as destructive to archaeological resources as other types of construction projects, such as highways and reservoirs. Nonetheless, Smith (1977) has outlined several impacts of transdission lines that are applicable to this survey.

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10 1.

The mechanical clearing of right-of-ways generally results in a great, deal of soil movement, i.e., brush moving and stump removal and promotes erosion in susceptible areas, i.e., slopes.

2.

Secondly, the construction of access roads and the m:vement of vehicles'and heavy treaded equipment for transport and erection of power pole structures can cause disturbance of up to two. feet or more in depth.

3.

The excavation of structure placement affects only a small amount of the right-of-way due to their fairly small size and lo$g distance between towers.

4.

Clearing operations to maintain the right-of-way cause minimal, direct disturbance.

As noted above, transmission line, right-of-way construction does cause a significant impact upon the landscape and can disturb or destroy archaeological resources, particularly shallow, stratified sites.

Of the areas of archaeological significance outlined earlier in this

• report, six sites (#3-8) were found to be within the proposed right-of-way when visited by the survey team, Gulf States Utilities personnel and the right-of-way flagging crew. The two remaining sites (#1 & f2),

though not visited, due to a lack of certainty of the exact path to be selected for the right-of-way of line 752, were discussed with the Gulf States Utilities survey crew chief who is now aware of their exact locations. Should these sites, #1 and #2, occur within the limits of the selected right-of-way, further testing and protective measures are recommended.

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• .n 11 In conclusion,, the sites designated f 3-8 are found within the proposed right-of-way expansions. The attached historic maps

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(f4, 5, 6) clearly indicate the historical significance of this area which, at one time, was the site of the old town of Port Hudson and subsequent Civil War activities. Based on the information gleaned from the historical maps and the area's designation as both a Historic Site and National Historic Landmark, it is recem-mended that no significant soil movement, bulldozin~g or other mechanical land clearing techniques be undertaken between Sandy Creek and the Port Hudson-Plains Highway.

In addition, no earth moving should be undertaken around Site #3 and the Riddle family cemetery. By all indications, this area is extremely rich in historic remains, requires minimal disturbance and should not be subjected to further alteration by conventional, transmission line, right-of-way construction methods. The archaeological information to be found in this area represents invaluable, non-renewable cultural

. resources whose preservation is protected by law. Should any earth moving activities (i.e., bu11 dozing, tree and stump removal or other mechanical land clearing methods) be necessary for the placement of transmission line structures within the area designated as the Port H::dson Battlefield, extensive archaeological testing will be required.

Should any further subsurface archaeological materials be uncovered during proposed construction activities, the State Division of Archaeology and Historic Preservation shoudl be notified immediately.

Following the reconcendations outlined above, this survey complies with all Federal and State rules and regulations regarding cultural resource surveys.

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12 References Cited Bonham, Milledge L., Jr.

1917 Kan and Nature at Port Hudson 1863 The Military Historian _

and Economist, Vol. II, f4 October, TFT7 and vol. III, el, January, 1918. Cambridge.

Brown. H. B.

1936 Port Hudson: A Study in Historical Geography. Unpublished Master's thesis. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge.

Smith, Marion 1977 An Archeological Survey of South Carolina Electric and Gas Ccepany's proposed Edenwood 230 KV tie lines right-of-yay, Lexington County, South Carolina Institute of Archeology and Anthrocology, University _ of South Carolina, Research Manuscript Series _ #115, Colum5Ta.

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Respectfully submitted, h4 1

Robert W. Neuman Curator of Museum of Anthropciogy l

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APPENDIX 2 National Register Property Description 9

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.Along the nortr.ern part of the Confederate diftnse perimeter at Port Hudson is a;pecxir.ately a mile of meandaring ear th<. rks constructed on the natural defensive edge of the terrace as it falls sixty-five to eighty feet off into the Sandy Creek and Foster Creek bottoms. The earth.. arks include a Junion fortification, Fort Sabcock.

The terrain is extremely rugged and is in its natLral setting, almost impenetrable in many areas. This accounts for its remarkable state of preservation since the surrender of 9 July 1863.

The creeks wander along sandy bottoms through magnolia, oak, and sweetgum forests. The hike up the steep slope to the terrace above is as difficult today as it was wnen the Union troops were there more than 109 years ago.

The defense lines are clearly in evidence and the hiker continuing west-ward beyond the state owned lands shortly comes upon the hills and ridges overlooking the Mississippi River bottom, some seventy-five feet below, and the Batture area, which once formed the bed of the great river.

From these v.

heights one has an excellent view of the terrain across which black soldiers n1 for the first time in American history fought as members of the United States n,

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Army in large numbers.

The tract is inmediately contiguous to l'and acquired by the state of Louisiana.

Casualties among black troops i a buried in a common grave lost and forgotten in the thickets of cotton. sod and briar z

patches, flooded each spring by the high waters of the Mississippi. A fresh v,

deposit of silt has hidden from view the footprints and gravesite of these soldiers.

Sandy Creek beyond was crossed by two regiments of the Louisiana

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Native Guards of Free Colored on a pontoon bridge.

C The high bleff along the entire two miles of the Confederate river batteries r1 brought their cannons tu bear on the battle below.

The resulting bombard-

_4 c.ent and the near impessibility of climbing the steep incline below the cannons, along with the precipitous cliff, doomed the assault. The charge c) of the black regiment was pictured in Harper's Weekly several months.after the battle.

vs The natural wilderness of this and the adjacent state owned area may not remain undisturbed for too much longer. Trespassers with metal detection equipment in search of cannon shells, belt buckles, and other portions of i

the uniforms from the fallen soldiers, have begun to invade the property with increasing frecuency.

The site is still very beautiful however, and is one of Anierica's little touched battl.efields.

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O T ' * " * *"*'.* a S f.1, w t ed ? O p* s s G est PI C a se C E Twc regiments of the Louisiana Native Guards of Free Colored, the 1st the the 3rd, participated in a Union assault on Port Hudson, a Confederate stronghold on the lower Mississippi, in 1863.

Th'ese black troops had m

evoked considerable discussion and speculation in 'the North, in Banks'

.z Military Department, in Washington, and throughout military circles as to their value as fighting troops.

The question, "Will the Negro fight?" had O

yet to be ansv.ered so far as many onlookers were concerned. The black

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3-trocps were aware of this challenge and wel;;.r.ed the decision to use them u

in a severe test where they could demonstrate their fighting ability.

.o The 1st Regiment of the Louisiana Native Guards was comprised of free x

black men who ere the elite black population of New Orleans and nearby 3~

are as~.

They had an average net worth of $25,000 per man. Many of them were well above the average in intelligence and followed skilled occupations, z

The outfit had been authorized and its officers commissioned by Confederate Governor Moore of Louisiana in 1861.

'n' hen New Orleans capitulated to the Federal Government, 26 April 1863, the organization offered its services to General '8enjamin Butler who recognized it, commissioned its officers, and encouraced the organization of other similar units into what was called the Corps d' Afrique. All of the line officers of the organization were a

black men of substance and influence in the comunity, many of literary and educational achievement.

One of the most popular and efficient officers of'this regiment was Captain Andre Cailloux, a black man. A splendid horseman, excellent sportsman, finely educated in Paris and highly polished, he was a leader of the high-est quality.

Cailloux, a well-to-do man who could certainly have avoided the risks of battle had he chosen to, encouraged his troops for the final attack despite a' shattered arm. He died running ahead of them, crying

" Follow me,".in French and then in English. Cailloux was honored with a public funeral on 11 July 1863. After a eulogy at St. Rose of Lima Church in New Orleans, a lengthy procession of some thirty-seven black societies and the band of the Forty-Seventh Massa'chusetts Regiment, Cailloux's remains pere interred with military honors.in the 3,ienville Cemetery. 'In New l Orleans the American flag remained at half cast in his honor for thirty days

!!ergeant Planciancois was at P' ort Hudson with _ the 1st Regiment to.

When I iven the charge to defend. the colors, Planciar.cois replied, "C:lonel, I g

kill bring back these colors to you in honor, or report to God the reason wh A"

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The 3rd Regin.ent consisted mainly of c>.-s:.es enrolled and cc.:inized in New 10rleans, 24 ovember 1862.

The black of ficers who had been largely repnsi-lble for raising the troops were forced to resign when they entered Union Iservice in the Corps d'Afrique and were replaced with white officers.

The third black organization at port Hudson was the 1st Regir.ent of Engineers of the Corps d'Afrique.

This unit was organized en 28 April 1863 at Camp Parapet, Carrollton, Louisiana.

On 24 May, upon order of Major Houston, Chief Engineer, Department of the Gulf, it proceeded to port Hudson, General Sank's Headquarters, where it arrived on the 26th of May.

The folicwing day it re-ceived orders from Sanks to report to Gener.al Weitzel, cc randing the right wing.

The 1st and 3rd Regiments of black troops, having received orders the night preceding, that they would attack the enecy on the estreme right of the naticn-al line, assoed battle stance early on the morning of 27 May 1863.

Numbering 1,0S0 men, they formed into four lines, the first t,vo s.ere led by Lieutenant-Colonel Bassett and the second two by Lieutenant-Colonel Finnegas with Colonel Nelson placed in cc c.and as Brigadier-General.

After artillery preparation and while the guns fired, Banks planned to attack the, enemy simultaneously with his whole line.

But plans miscarried, timing, and comunications were off, and the assault became piece-meal with severe fighting developing on the right, especially the extreme right where the black ~ columns were posted.

The black r.en moved forward in quick time, soon folicwed by double time. The alignment was perfect and the movement was executed smartly as they entered the woods inmediately in front of them.

Emerging from the obstacle-ridden woods, they continued their charge towards the works in full face of the batteries.

The first fire of the enemy, grape, canister, shell and musketry which increased in momentum and concentration as the blacks advanced, killed and wounded a number of them. Wavering momentarily, the blacks, encouraged by C'olonel Bassettt and the black officers who moved among the men urging them forward with their fearless examples, closed ranks and c ntinued the charge.

Every advancing step took its toll in casualties, yet the blacks fought and bled their way through the sheets of fire until they were within fifty paces l

of the enemy line when they were halted by an unexpected impassable stream, eight feet deep and twenty to forty feet wide, made by the backflow of the river.

Suffering severe losses and stopped by the stream, the troops retired under a continuous ~ fire, regrouped and charged again reaching the ditch some fifty feet from the enemy ~;uns. Again they met sheets of enemy fire.

In spite of this a number of volunteers fFt5 the decimated Comoanies' E and G, 3rd Native

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kards, attempted with their officers to swim across the flooded ditch while J

covered by the fire of, Sassatt and Finr.egas which temporarily drove the l

enemy from their cuter wcrks.

Although some reached the other side and momen-I Only garily faced the ene y it was -largely in vain as the water was too much.

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S !G'C FICA' ICE - Pace Three six returned f rom tne party of thirtly ~five or forty that succeeded in croising.

Repulsed by the second assault, Nelson sent word to Brigadier General ?xicht at the northwestern end of Port Hudson acquainting him with the situation and the insurcountable difficulty, and awaited further orders.

They were told to carry on.

For the third time the troops dressed into line for assault and charged. Their charge again was met by a holocaust of fire.

Yet with a final desperate spurt they pushed on again to within fifty years of the Rebel battery.

So strcng was this final charge that a neaspaper reporter observing the battle wrote, "Indeed, if only ordinarily supported by artillery and reserves, no one can convince us that they would not have opened a passage through the ene.zy's works."

Althcugh this statement is speculative, there is no doubt that Banks' attack i

suffered from being uncoordinated.

On the right,next to the black troops, Cenerals 1.*eitzel, Grover, and Pajne made a vigorous attack.

Ger.eral Augur in the center did not mount his attack until long past noon and Sherman on the lef t, not until later in the day. This situation enabled the enemy to con-centrate its fire on each assaulting group separately with devastating results especially on the black troops. The blacks remained in action before the enemy line until 4:00 P.M. that afternoon when the order for retreat came.

They responded by marching off proudly as if on parade.

Port Hudson was not taken but black ' soldiers had given a fine account of themselves. Their casualty list easily confirned this--37 killed,155 wounded, and 116 missing.

Here, as eisc,.here.on the battlefield, they demonstrated their courage and ability as fighting r.en.

lhe role of the bl5ck s'oldiers at Port Hudson is of national historical l

importance because blacks fought valiantly under black leadership despitt i

extremely heavy losses from their ranks including the loss of their very popular leader, Captain Callioux; and because free blacks who could have isolated themselves from the struggle of their slave brothers chose instead to sacrifice the security and comfort of their position to fight for the free-dom of their people.

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As the ctesignated State Llas.on Officct for the Na.

I 'rereby certify that this gu e;crty is ir cluded in the I

tiona1 Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Pdis.e Laer

• ' U "' I " ' 8 '' '

29 665). I hereby nomi.9 ate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been avaluated accordW to the e-iteria and procedsres set f orth by the Naticnal Park $=rvice. The recomn, ended Dsseceer, Of fese of Arches 4ctr ar'd Ifessores Preseresfien level of significance of this norrunation is:

N atienal O State O Local O D ate l

3.w ATTEST:

Tat:e _

Keeper of The Natsmal Ret stes N

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The-National Survey c.f Historic Sites and Buildings Port Hudson, Fort Hudson, Louisiana Two regiments of New Orleans free blacks and Louisiana ex-slaves par-ticipted in an assault' on Port Hudson, a. Confederate stronghold on l-the lower Mississippi.

The attack failed but the blacks fought heroically, advancing over open ground in the face of deadly fire.

The free black' regiment, known as the Native Guards, was particularly courageous.

One of its cobers, Captain Andrew Callioux, a well-to-do man who-could certainly have avoided the risks of battle had he chosen l

l~

to, encouraged his troops for the final attack despite a shattered arm. He died running ahead of them, crying " Follow me," in French l

and then in English.

There toe, Sergeant Planciancois, given the charge to defend the colors, replied, " Colonel, I will bring back these colors to you in honor, or repoit to God the recson why!" Six hundred black men, out of a total nine hundred, died at Port Hudson.

Here, as elsewhere on the battlefield, they demonstrated their courage l

and ability as fighting men.

Blacks fought valiantly under black

~

l leadership despite extremely heavy losses fro:n their ranks including 1

the loss of their very popular leader, Captain Callicux at Port Hudson. ' Free blacks who could have isolated themselves from the struggle of their slave brothers chose instead to sacrifice the

, security and comfort of their position to fight for the freedom of their people.

The battlefield is still relatively undisturbed.

Public aquisition of the are is being studied; access to the,public is presently restricted.

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9 PROPOSED MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT

WHEREAS, the Nuclear Regulatory Ccmmission may permit the proposed constructing of the tranmission line corridor from the River Bend Nuclear Station by the Gulf States Utilities Company; and WHEREAS, it has been determined that this undertaking would have an adverse effect upon the Port Hudson Battlefield National Historic Landmark at Port Hudson, Louisiana, a property included in the i,ational Register of Historic Places; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has iequested the comments of the a

Advisory Council on Historic Preservation; and UHEREAS, pursuant to the procedures of the Advisory Council Historic Preservation (36C.F.R.Part800),representativesoftheAdhisoryCouncilonHistoric Preservation, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Louisiana Historic PreservationOfficerhaveconsultedandrehiewedtheundertakingtoconsider feasibleandprudentalternatihestoahoidorsatisfactorilymitigatethe adverse effect; now THEREFORE:

It is mutually agreed that implementation of the undertaking, in accordance with the attached conmitment details prepared jointly by the SHP0 and GSU will

-avoid any adverse impact by the proposed pro' ject on any archaeological remains at the Landmark site.

i

, Wm. H. Regan, Jr., Chief (date)

E. Eerr.ard Carrier (date)

Sitin: Analysis Eranch Louisi:r.a State historic Division of Engineering Preservation Offices Office of !Nelear Reactor.egulation r

Rcbert R. Garvey, Jr.

(date)

Richard H. Jenrett (date)

Executive Director Chairman Advisory Council on Historic Adviscry Councii :n Hit:;ric Preservation Preservation s

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ATTACHMENT TO MEMCRANDUM OF AGREEMENT Based on the recommendations and commitments made between the State Historical Preservation Office and Gulf States Utilities Company in an exchange of letters made during 1978, 1979, and 1930 (see attached letters in Sections VIII State Historical Preservation Officer Views of the Preliminary Case Report), the following measures will be implemented. The measures are designed to avoid impact on any archaeological remains at the Landmark and constitute commitments regarding the construction of the transmission line and clearing of right-of-way.

(1)

Generally speaking, the construction activities will take reasonable effort to avoid any physical impact in the vicinities of sites 3-7 will access these areas carefully, will not locate any structural foundations within 25 feet of the breastworks; subsurface disturbances in close proximity to sites 3-7 will be monitored by a professional archaeologist, as well as any subsurface terrain alteration occurring within the limits of the Landmark.

(2)

Specifically, the construction program will require the following measures:

No dozing or heavy equipment will be allowed within 25 feet of a.

any breastworks, nor will any~ structural foundations be located within this 25 foot area. Furthermore, this area will be flagged prior to clearing and all clearing within the flagged area will be by hand-operated equipment such as chain saws. All trees will be cut 12" above grade and felled trees will be dragged frem the area for disposal.

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A professional archaeologist or his representative will be present to monitor all clearing and construction' activities between 1200 fect.corth and 300 feet south of site #3; between 650 north of site #6 and 1600 feet southeast of site

!4; and between 450 feet north and 450 feet south of site #7.

c.

If any artifacts or potential artifacts are discovered within the Port Hudson Battlefield National Historic Landmark boundaries, clearing or construction activities will be stopped within a 25 foot radius of the find until the SHP0 has been notified and his approval to resume. activities within that radius has been given.

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