ML19319D701
| ML19319D701 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crystal River, 05000303  |
| Issue date: | 08/10/1967 |
| From: | FLORIDA POWER CORP. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8003240693 | |
| Download: ML19319D701 (6) | |
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APPENDIX 2E a
GROUNDWATER i
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APPENDIX 2E O
GROUNDWATER 1
GENERAL COASTAL SPRING AREA Throughout vest central Florida, groundwater occurs under both water table and artesian conditions. ~ Water table conditions occur as shallow aquifers ccmposed of Recent sediments and as per71ous Tertiary Age limestenes. Artesian conditions develop where pervious limestone beds are overlain by effectively impervious layers ubich are rechar6ed 4 hen they intersect the ground surface at points of higher elevation.
The Inglis limestone member of the Moodys Branch Formation and the Avon Park limestone are the stratigraphic units which occur at the surface (beneath a thin veneer of Pleistocene and Recent sediments) in the vicinity of the plant site. These two stratigraphic units compose a part of the Floridan aquifer which supplies most of the water in the state. fxcept in Citrus and Levy Counties, these rock units are buried beneath more impervious units creating artesian conditions. In Citrus and Levy counties where these units are exposed they contain va+er which occurs under water tabb conditions, and these zones occur along the Gulf Coast.
Hydraulic gradients slope seaward as shown on Figure 2E-1, and groundwater eventually discharges into the Gulf of Mexico. Surface expressions of artesian conditons exist in the form of springs at numerous places throughout O,
the arer..
Recharge to the groundwater table occurs as a result of approximately 55 inches of annual rainfall, most of which occurs during the summer months.
Intrusion of salt water exists along the Gulf coast as shown by Fig. 2E-2 which indicates that the chloride concentration should be in excess of 250 ppm at the plant site. Due to the density differences between sea water and fresh water, chloride concentrations can be expected to increase with depth near the coast. According to " Florida Land and Water Resources-Southwest Florida (1966)" at a distance of 10 miles inland, the salt water-fresh water inter-face occurs at a depth of 300 feet while it occurs near the surface on the coast.
2 PLANT SITE CONDITIONS At the plant site proper, groundwater occurs under water table conditions with groundwater levels at or near elevation 90 (plant datum), acsuming mean lov tide to be at elevation 88. Fluctuations of the water levels in the test boring holes were monitored with changing tides to observe the effect of the tides at various points (drill holes) in the proposed plant site.
A tidal rise of about 2.2 feet (to Elev. 92.2) produced an average rise of about 1.5 feet in the groundwater levels in the p uposed plant site.
A time lag between peaks of high tides and peaks of mater levels in drill holes varied from less than one hour to as long as.'our hours. Average (3
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lags ranged between one and two hours. The significance of such empirical observations is that differential attenuation times between drill holes indicate that variations in the transmissibility of the limestone do exist.
These variations are attributed to the presence of solution channels.
The pmeability of the bedrock has been measured at a value in excess of 65,500 ft/ year (limit of test equipment). More accurate deteminations are to be made by Lv as of pu= ping tests. Laboratory permeability tests which were made on representative core samples obtained from Unit 2 give values of primary or interstitial pemeabilities of from 7.4 x 10" em per see to 3.h x 10-2 cm per sec.
In general, pemeability coefficients were slightly higher in a horizortal direction (i.e., parallel to bedding).
Infiltration of surface waters into the groundwater table vill occur at a rapid rate by virtue of the 10-3 cm per see pemeability coefficient.
Adding the effect of vertical, jointing described in Appendix 2G, the peme-ability is greatly increased. For all practical purposes infiltration of surface water into the ground can be considered to be almost instantaneous.
Chemical analyses of gramsater at the site indicates the water contains more than 350 ppm chlorides with a pH range of 7.0 to 7.1 and cond'ictivity of greater than 2000 mho.
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