ML19308A705

Forwards Technical Evaluation Summary of Winterization Requirements for Temporary Solid Waste Staging Facility. External Heat Source for Liners Unnecessary

ML19308A705
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	11/17/1979
From:	Devine J, Wilson R GENERAL PUBLIC UTILITIES CORP.
To:	Jay Collins NRC - TMI-2 OPERATIONS/SUPPORT TASK FORCE
References
NUDOCS 7912040104
Download: ML19308A705 (14)

Text

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v GPU Service Corporation 3

Nme 260 Cnerry s,ii acad Parsippany New Jersey 07054 201 263 4900 November 17, 1979 Mr. J. T. Collins USNRC Three Mile Island Site P.O. Box 311 Middletown, PA 17507

Dear Mr. Collins:

As you requested, attached is a summary of our technical evaluation of winterization requirements for the Temporary Solid Waste Staging Facility, wherein we concluded that it is not necessary to provide an external heat source for the liners to protect against potentially adverse effects of freezing. As we discussed on November 2, 1979, this conclusion was based on our analysis of conditions inside the cell, which showed that even under very severe weather conditions, insulation provided by surrounding soil will naturally maintain interior cell temperatures above freezing, combined with information provided by the resin suppliers which shows that freezing, if it were to occur, would not be hazardous to resins or liners.

In addition we pointed out the significant complexity involved in providing an external heating system which would be reliable and maintainable for an extended period within loaded cells.

Subsequent to the meeting on November 2, 1979, you requested that we confirm that measures will be taken to ensure that there is essentially no air exchange between cell interior and ambient, for loadeo cells. This cond ition will be prevented by caulking, as presently required by approved prmedures.

Details of our analysis are attached for' your information Based on our agreement on this matter, we have discontinued engineering work on the cell heating system.

Please advise if you have any questions on the above.

Ver truly yours, l

?

whiol J. C. DeVine, Jr.

Approved:

R. F. Wilson M %

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JCD:GMS:gp 7 912 040 / h GPU Service Corporation is a subsidiary of General Public Utilitres Corporation

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Mr. Collins November 17, 1979 cc:

R. C. Arnold J. C. DeVine, Jr.

G. M. Staudt R. J. McGoey J.

Pearson

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PlRPOSE AND SlI14ARY

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his report sumnrizes the discussions held with Mr. J. T. Collins, NRC, on Ibvenber 2,1979., It describes the heat transfer aspects of the tem-porary staging facility for the winter nonth, and effects of tenperature on the resins and liners.

Information in this report was initially developed in the course of de-fining design requirenents for winterization of the tenporary staging facility.

As the infonnation was conpiled it was noted that even under extended con-ditions of extreme cold (0*F) outside, the tenperature inside the cells should be above 32*F due to the insulation provided by the earth work

___ _ around the_ cells. Furthernore, it was. learned that there should be nn des.__e trisental effects on resins which tndergo freeze-thaw cycles and that be-cause there is stbstantial free volune within the liners (approximately 447. due to both free / board and free space within and anotng resin beads),

the liners should not be stressed or damaged in any way by freeze-thaw cycles.

II.

CAlfUIATION OF TEMPERATLRE-IN THE TB4PORARY STAGING FACILITY

[.

Heat transfer calculations were done to detennine the tenperature in the tenporary staging facility cells during winter conditions. A steady state heat balance around a cell was used to calculate the tenperature in the cell. An iterative calculation was used as the tenperature of the air is the cell was necessary, for calculatim of the film coefficients used in the heat balance. L e steps of this nethod are given on page 2 of the attached calculations (Attachrent 1).

Le steps are as follws:

1) Asstne the tencerature of the air in the

' cell and also the inside tenperature of the concrete plug (these tenperatures will be used in estimating the heat transfer coefficients and heat losses), 2) Calculate the film coefficient for the bottom of the concrete plug and also the total heat transfer coefficient through the plug,

3) Calculate the total heat loss thruugh the con-crete plug,

4) Calculate a new inner tenperature of the plug based on values calculated in steps 2 and 3,

5) Calculate a new film co-efficient for the plug based on the new inner plug tencerature calculated in step 4,

6) Calculate the film coefficients of the other areas of heat transfer in the cell,

7) Do a heat balance to detennine the tenperature of the air in the cell; if this tenperature is the sane as the initial assunption in step 1 then calculation is conolete; if tenperature is different then use the latest values calculated in steps 4 and 7 for the asstned tencerature in step 1.

Several asstnptions were used in order to perform this calculation:

1) Outside air at a constant O'F (ie outside air tenperature for entire winter O'F).

This is an ultra-conservative assinotion as when O'F is conpared to the average tenperature history fo'r the years 1946 to 1979(Fed. Safety Analysis Report Vol.1, 2, 3-14) it can be seen that for no long periods of tine was the tenperature at 0*F or below.

2) Le frost line was 3 feet deep.

B is is conservative, the area's j

frost line is typically 18"-24".

3) The earth surrounding the cell l

would exhibit a straight line tennerature profile. 4) Down to a level of 8 feet the ground tenperature is dependent on the air tenperature above the ground and at 8 foot and below the ground is at a constant I

tenperature of 50*F.

The asstnption was taken frorn Couriers Air Conditioning Design Book,1965, pgs.1-81.

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's.

Based on the above asstnptions the average tenperature to a depth of 3 feet is 16*F which covers 66 square feet of the cell's surface area and the average tenperature from 3 feet to 8 feet is 41"F which covers 110 square feet of the cell's surface area. A final asstmption is that there is no air exchange between the air in the cell and the outside air. his is necessary for an accurate heat balance. Provisions for a water tight seal which would also insure an air tight seal are required in the operating procedure for the staging facility. (Transfer of radioactive resin liners frcun Epicor I to tenporary on-site staging facility and from tenporary staging facility to shipping cask, #

2104-4.13, step 4.21, pg. 5.) h is step of the procedure requires that the sealing surface be caulked prior to setting the cap on the cell.

Under the conditions mentioned above the tenperature in the cell was determined t., be 32.7*F. A copy of the calculations is attached ( ). Bis tenperature is a conservative estimate since asstuptions ussi represent a nost extreme case.

III. RESIN LINER INTEGRITY Following usage in the Epicor I or Epicor II Radwaste System, carbon steel liners containing resin beads are dewatered. For g typical 4' x 4' liner used in Epicor II, there is approximately 16 Ft> of water chemically botnd in the matrix of hydration of the resin beads following 3

dewatering. When freezing occurs, this expands to approximately 16.3 Ft,

A typical dewatered liner contains 4 Ft3 of void spage between the top of the resin and the top of the liner, and 19 Ft> of void space within the resp itself. mis orovides a total voltme of 23 Ft3 for the 0.3 Ft voltmetric expansion of water to take place. With this understanding, it is apparent that sufficient room within the liner exists for the expansion of water so that the liner should not be subjected to expansion forces, and therefore, its integrity not jeopardi' zed.

Experimental tests were conducted in support of verifying the effects of freezing a spent resin liner. At first conditions similar to an Epicor II dewatered liner were, established and the container frozen.

Bis test showed no detrinental effects. Conditions were then worsened to represent an extremely conservative situation:

1.

1007. of Line Voltre Filled with Resin 2.

Resin &ly 757. D' watered 3.

Glass Container 4.

Container Fully Frozen mis test also showed no detrimental effects which supports the fact that water will expand into voids existing within resin beads and the liner volume and will not overstress the container itself.

IV. RESIN BEAD INIEGRITY he last aspect of evaluating the effects of freezing resin containers deals with the resin beads thenselves.

Realizing the purpose of resins is to innobilize and retain radionucL. des, it is of primary inportance l

to understand what happens to resin beads during freezing and during freeze-thaw cycles.

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' 9-Radionuclides are predominatly held by an electro-chemical bond to resin bead. Mechanical or physical disruption to resin has little to no effect on this bond. Themfore, as the chemically bound water in resin expands a bead will swell and if it is a physically weak bead it may crack. Cracking results in resin fines, however, it does not cause a chemical breakdown and therefore radionuclides will not be released. In a typical Epicor Resin Bead, 7.07. of the beads will expand and crack during a freezing condition. That is, the elastic strength of 7.07. of the resin beads will be overcome resulting in stress re-leiving with a bead by cracking.

Freeze-thaw cycling has negligable effect since a resin bead is extremly elastic and does not mdergo fatigue failure as metallic materials do. Themfore, it is expected that 77. of the resins will crack and create fines during a lifetime of resin freeze-thawing. The production of fines will have negligable effect en future solidification of resins since the solidification process and possible sluicing operation can be performed equally well with resin beads as will resin fines.

V.

CONCLLSION It is not expected that Epicor I and II liners will be exposed to freezing conditions even if they are stored in TML Staging Facilities. The heat produced by radionuclide decay will also assist in maintaining resin container teuperatures above freezing. Howewr, should the containers freeze there will be no detrimental effect on the retention of radionuclides by the resin itself or detrimntal affects on the liners.

Y

/ G. M. Staudt t

0K J. C. DeVine,Jr.

QS/kd Attachment

D11-11-R-2160

.G_P_U__._S E R V I C E SHEET f10.

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-- OF - 9 DATE Nownber 8,1979 SUBJECT Temerature in Temporary Staging Facility COMP. BY DATE CHK'D BY DATE Calculations Attached s

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,SUMECT: TSFr3WIURE IN TDN!a' STAGIT FACM MY PROBlDi STATB4EW It is necessary to deterudne the te::perature inside the cells of the terporary waste staging facility during winter conditions.

SlM4ARY OF RESUL'IS A steady state heat balance (iterative nethod) was used to deterndne the tenperature in the cells.

After 4 iterations the tenperature in the cell was deterndned to be 32.7*F.

...:---=-.=-----

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CONCLlSION

%ese calculations are provided as supporting infornaticn for deterndning wether a heating system for the te poiary staging. facility is necessary..

1perature in the cells should remain just above freezing during De te:

'Ihis along with the properties of the resin m,terials extrenn conditions.

to be stored in the cells indicate that a heating system should not be needed.

REFEREtCES 1.

Cariers Air Conditoning Design Book,1965, pg.1-81.

2.

ihit (berations, McCabe & Smi.th,1976, Appendi.x.

~PrI cipals of Heat Transfer, Kreith,1976, Table H-3.

3.

4.

memical Engineer's Handbook, Perry,1973, pg.10-11,10-12.

5.

Fiv,urel: General Cell Inyout.

ASSIFFrIO!S AND BASIC IRTA Assurptions :

1.

Outside air at 0 F.

2.

Frost line at 3'.

Straight line temprofile in earth.

3.

Tenperature at a depth of 8' 'is 50* F. Tenoerature constant at 50*F 4

beloa 8'. (1)

'Ihis gives an average tenperature of 16*F from 0 to 3 feet deep, W e qverage which covers 66 square feet of surface area of the cell.

tenperature from 3 feet to 8 feet is 41' F, which covers 110 f t' of surface area.

Ib air exchange from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell.

5.

Ib film coefficient was used on the outside of the plug. ('Ihis would 6.

tend to nake our results uore conservative as an outside fihn coefficient would be one nore resistance to heat f1cu.)

BASIC IRTA Properties of Air at 32'F (2g Density = c =

.0808 16/ft.

Viscosity = ^ =

.040/ 16/hr.ft.

%ermal coefficient of expansion = A =,.002

% ermal conductivity = k =.014 BTU /hr.ft.'F Heat capacity = Cp =.25 3TU/16'F 8 ft/hr2 Acelleration due to gravi.ty = g =,4.18 x 10

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