ML19254A957
| ML19254A957 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crane  |
| Issue date: | 07/12/1979 |
| From: | Bowers R, La Vie S NUS CORP. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| TASK-TF, TASK-TMR NUS-3412, TM-0732, TM-732, NUDOCS 7909170222 | |
| Download: ML19254A957 (34) | |
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COPY MADE ON OF DOCUMEITf-PROVIDED BY METROPOLITAN EDISON COMPANY.
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NUS-3412 EVALUATION OF THE CALIBRATION STATUS OF THE THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER READERS AT THE THREE MILE ISLAND NUCLEAR STATION BETWEEN 2/28/79 AND 7/2/79 Prepare <i for:
Metropolitan Edison Company By:
Stephen F. La Vie Approved By:
hh R.R. Bowers Manager, Health Physics Services July 12,1979 NUS Corporation 4 Research Place Rockville, Maryland 20850 rpgg
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0. INTRODUCTION 1
2.0. DISCUSSION 2
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2.1 Calibration Requirements 2
2.2 Calibration Actions Performed 3
2.3 Chronology of Actions Taken 2/28 - 7/2 8
3.0 EVALUATION OF CALIBRATION STATUS 9
3.1 Validity of February 28th Calibration 9
3.2 Stability of the TMI Reader 9
3.3 Validity of Calibrations Ferformed Subsequent to 3/31 12 4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 14 TABLES 16 FIGURES 26
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LO. Introduction i
The personal dosimetry program at *hree Mile Island Nuclear Station,(TMI), is centered around a Harshaw Chemical Co. Model 2271 Automated Thermo-luminescent Dosimetry (TLD) system. The TMI health physics procedures, in existence prior to the accident and still applicable, require that a monthly calibration and quality control evaluation be performed on this equipment.
The last documented calibration to procedure was performed on the original TMI reader on February 28, 1979. Vendor maintenance and.a calibration to procedure was performed on July 2,1979 on the Harshaw reader (delivered on 3/30), and two days later on the TMI reader. In the period between these two documented calibrations, numerous TLD cards, e: posed to a known radiation level, were read and documented, according to an unapproved procedure. The purpose of this report is to review and evaluate the status of the TLD reader calibration during this period.
As a result of this review, it har been determined that the TLD readers were calibrated to within limits specified in the health physics procedures in a manner which is technically adequate, although not in strict accordance to TMI health physics procedures.
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2.0. Discussion The Model 2271 system incorporates two features which serve as indicators of system calibration. A special chip-less TLD card, identified u a 900000 card automatically triggers a background count, and in turn, a sensitivity measure-ment. The results of these are printed out on the teletype as is any set of TLD
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card readings. The background function runs a normal card reading sequence, including hot finger heating. This process allows for determination of the dark current (response to stray light, electronic noise, etc).
The sensitivity function uncovers a radioactively excited reference light source. Since the light output is relatively constant, the instrument response to this light source serves as an indicator of instrument stability. The reference light can not be used to calibrate the instrument directly as the process does not involve aH circuits and components which are involved in the reading of a TLD chip.
2.1. Calibration Requirements TMI health physics procedure HP1642, " Operation and Calibration of the Thermoluminescent Dosimetry System" specifies that a normal calibration
"...should be done on or near each badge exchange date." The procedure goes on to specify the method of calibration. The calibration process involves zeroing eleven selected TLD c
, (" standards") and exposing ten in 0
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of these standards to 100 mR from sealed source in a free air geometry.
Annually, the calculated dose rate is verified by using a condenser R-meter or RO-1 survey instrument. Five of the exposed TLD cards and the unexposed control are sent to Harshaw Chemical for independent evaluation. The remaining five cards are allowed stand for 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> to provide for fading. The five cards are read and the mean of the TL-2 reading is calculated.
The results are documented on an HP1642-1 form. 'A' single background and sensitivity card (~B+S", ident-ified on teletype by 900000 identification number) 10 read. A new desired sensitivity value is calculated by multiplying the ob erved sensitivity by the ratio of the observed TL-2 mean to 100 mR. The i <h voltage of the photomultiplier is adjusted slightly and additional B+S cards are read. The high voltage adjustment and B+S readings are repeated until the desired sensitivity value it obtained.
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Meanwhile, Harshaw Chemical evaluates the six standards forwarded to them, and reports on the results. When the results become available, the mean of the Harshaw readings and the mean of the TMI readings are to agree within 25% of the 100 mR exposure amount. Harshaw exposes these 60 cards to 100 mR in a free air calibration to Co, nudardized to an EG & G three terminal ionization chamber. The Harshaw exposed cards are returned to TMI, to be used in the next month's quality control check.
Health physics procedure HP1643, " Quality Assurance Tests for TLD Dosimetry System", specifies that monthly "... exposure tests will be conducted to assure quality of dosimetry at TMINS."
This procedure provides for the exposure of 10 TLD cards, five of which are read on site, five of which are sent to Harshaw for evaluation.
In addition, the procedure calls for the reading of five TLD cards which were expcsed by Harshaw during the previous exposure period. The specified acceptance criteria is that the mean of the TL-2 reading from either group should not exceed 15% deviation from the exposure.
HP1643 does not call for documentation of any results or evaluations, other than that 1 the five cards exposed and read at TMI. As a result, none exists.
2.2. Calibration Actions Performed The normal monthly calibration would have been performed on the TMI reader at the end of March or beginning of April. This calibration was not perf. med aceca ding to procedure at this time, or at the end of April and May, either. In addition, a second TLD reader, henceforth called the Harshaw re.ader, was delivered to the site on 3/30.
There was no calibration performed according to procedure on this reader either.
The Radchem Technicians, supervised intermittently by one of the Radiation Protection foremen, are normally assigned the responsibility of performing operations related to dosimetry.
Because of the severe radiological conditions resulting from the incident, these personnel were unavailable due to higher priorities for their time. The operation of the dosimetry system was turned over to tempo.ary personnel, such as vendor
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representatives, contractors, non-TMI utility personnel, personnel from WMD25
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other utilities, and new hires. These personnel, although in the most part technically qualified to operate the equipment, were not conversant with the centent of HP1642 and HP1643. Compounding the problem i' the high turnover of personnel assigned to the dosimetry operation.
These personnel implemented the methods and techniques used by their parent organizations. Although these methods may have been technically cor-rect, they were not in strict compliance with HP1642 and HP1643.
O The largest shift from approved proc: bre occured when the Sr calibrator was installed. This calibrator is described in section 2.3.10, below. Although the method finally settled on is technically superior to the method described in HP1642, no attempt was made to update HP1642.
The present dosimetry supervisor has submitted a series of procedures to replace HP1642. These procedures should be given immediate attention.
In addition to problems incurred by the use of unapproved peocedures, there is an additional problem related to the documentation of "cali-brntion" data. Although greatly improved recently, the early documen-tation is of ten incomplete, failing to identify preliminary conditions, origin of standards, value of standards, and/or actions taken. Often, the only comment is a manually typed, or handwritten nae within a teletype printout. Dates rad times are most often omitted.
As a result, this evaluation must be largely based on circumstantial data, extrapolated to cover gaps in data.
This evaluation will be performed in three phases. Phase 1 will be to establish the calibration status of the TMI reader on 2/28, the last recorded calibration. Phase 2 will be to 6stablish the stability of the TMI readeiin order to evaluate the enlibration status between 2/'28 and the first set of standards. Phase 3 will be to establish the validity of both the 90 calibrations performed with the Sr cilibrator and the other calibrations performed, on both the TMI and the Harshaw readers.
Figures and tables attached to this r,eport document and illustrate the data obtained from available records. These data are summarized in the
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narrative in sections 2.3 and 3.0.
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2.3. Chronolovv of Actions Taken 2/28 - 7/2 2.3.1 A normal calibration, by procedure, was performed on 2/28/79.
j This calibration was properly documented on the HP1642-1 form.
The instrument respoaded to the TMI-exposed TLD cards with a mean of 97.1 5.2 mR. ( All data reported with 1 S.D. error) The Harshaw exposed TLD cards read on the TMI reader indicated a 7
mean of 93.9 5.9 mR. The results of the Harshaw reading of the TMI-exposed cards was not located. The means of the two series agreed within 3% of each other and within 7% of the exposure value, which is well within the procedural require-m ents.
i 2.3.2.
On C/28, the reader was pressed into service to read TLDs exposed during the opening hours of the incident.
Bs S cards were run according to procedure, but standards were
- run.
2.3.3.
On 3/30, the reader was moved off the island, and on 3/31, the reader was moved to a trailer. Numerous B+S cards were run during this period-the results of which indicated relative stabil-ity in the instrument. (Extreme high readings indicated on the chart of reference light response were caused by opening the TLD reader front panel to clear faults, causing partial saturation of the photomultiplier by stray light. Follow-up readings showed a return to the previous reference light level.)
2.3.4 On 3/31, a calibration run of 4 TLD cards was made. The results of the run had (2 mean of 102.2 0.9 mR.
The cards were previously exposed by Harshaw. In addition, the Harshaw TLD reader arrived at Trailer City to supplement the TMI unit. This second unit was not used until 4/1. An additional standard was
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read on the TMI reader later. This standard read 104.1 mR. No reference lights were run on 3/31 due to a problem with light leakage from the reference light affecting instrument response during chip reading.
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s 2.3.5.
On 4/1, a new reference light was installed on the D11 instru-ment, increasing the reference light value from a mean of about 7, to a mean of about 18. A single standard was read, and the result was 113.9 mR. The reader was adjusted to give a response of 100 mR.
The Harshaw reader was set up to match the response of the TMI The details of th's adjustment were not available, i
instrument.
but the fact that it was done was documented on the TTY printout.
Four standards were run. The resulting mean was 91.5 t 3.1. Another standard was run and its result was 98.5 mR.
2.3.6. ' On or about 4/1, a set of exposed standards was oltained from the Radiation Management Corporation, RMC. These standards O
were used for calibration until the arrival of the Sr calibrator.
2.3.7.
On 4/2, two standards were run on the TMI instrument. The mean was 91.6 t 1.3 mR. Two standards run on the Harshaw reader had a mean of 94.9 0.8 m R.
2.3.8.
On 4/4, two standards were run on the the TMI reader. The mean was 97.5 t-6.5 mR.
2.3.9.
On 4/S, two sets of standards were run on the TMI reader. The first set of five readings, had a mean of 91.9 i 1.7 mR, while the second set of three had a mean of 92.P 21.4 mR.
A series of eight standards was run on the Harshaw reader, with the resulting mean being 102.8 8.8.
2.3.10.
On 4/6, two standards run on the TMI reader indicated a mean of 90.8 1.3.
90 The Sr. calibrator was installed on the Harshaw reader. The 90Sr calibrator is installed between the card feed tray and the card reader. When energized, the calibrator holds up the descent 7430T28 g
's of the TLD cards into the reader and exposes the cards to a beta field. The magnitude of the dose is controlled by varying the time that tne TLD card is exposed.
Harshaw, the vendor, standardizes the exposure time on the basis of observed absorbed dose, corrected to represent the equivalent dose that would 60 occur if the TLD card had been exposed to Co in a free air geometry. Since the TLD cards once exposed, drop into the reader directly, there is no fade time, which does occur on the issued badges.
To compensate for this, the TLD cards are exposed to 100 mR, but the reader is adjusted to give a resynse of 115 mR in lieu of 100 mR-for the calibrator exposed e 2ds.
These cards when allowed to fade would read approximately 100 m R.
The calibrator has an option of exposing but not reading the TLD cards. This option is used to obtain standards for calibrating the TMI reader.
At this time, a practice of correcting the raw TLD results for the individual chip calibrations was begun.
T lis practice has continued.
90 On 4/6, three TLDs obtained from the Sr calibrator were run on the TMI reader. These cards had a mean of 122.1 5.0 mR.
On 4/6, a series of 8 standards were run on the Harshaw mader.
The Harshaw reader, now adjusted to read higher, yielded a mean of 121.9 4.8 mR for this series. Later in the day, a series of 90 about 100 TLD cards were passed thru the Sr calibrator and read on the Harshaw reader.
The uncerrected mean of this series was 113.6 i 5.7 mR.
2.3.11.
On 4/7, three sets of faded standards were run on the TMI reader.
T1e first set of three TLDs, had a mean of 95.712.4 mR; the second set of two TLDs, had a mean of 99.810.8.mR; while the third set of five standards, had a mean of 94.5 5.'4 m R.
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On 4/7, three standards were run on the Harshaw reader, with a resulting mean of 110.8 4.0 mR. A series of 100 TLDs was run through the calibrator and the Harshaw reader. The uncorrected mean of these TLDs was 109.5 C.5 mR.
2.3.12.
On 4/8, Five faded standards were run on the TMI reader with a resulting mean of 84.4 i 1.4 mR. Later that day, ten unfaded standards were run on the TMI reader with a resulting mean of 112.1 11.6 mR.
2.3.13.
Additional calibrations were not performed until 4/14 on the Harshaw reader, and 4/16 on the TMI reader. Following this, a daily run of five standards was made on the reader in use that O
day. The standards were obtained from the Sr calibrator and immediately read. The TMI reader was removed from service on 6/2 due to difficulties, not corrected until 7/2.
2.3.14.
On 7/2, a vendor representative performed maintenance on both readers. A calibration was performed on the Harshaw reader. A change was made in HP1642 to allow for the use of the Harshaw exposed standards (faded) to calculate the new sensitivity value, and the TMI exposed cards for comparison. The original wording in HP1642 called for using the TMI exposed standards for determining the new sensitivity, and the Harshaw exposed stand-ards for comparison. The control baoge which accompanied the Harshaw standards was subtracted from the raw TLD result, but individual card corrections were not performed in accordance with the procedure. The sttadards chosen are considered to be 4% standards. The mean of the five Harshaw standards was 96
- 4.1 mR. (expected response was 100 mR). The mean of the five TMI exposed cards was 87 6.1 m R.
The TMI reader had not stabilized, and no calibration was performed during the period of data collection.
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5 3.0. Evajustion of Calibration Status 3.1. Validity of February 28th Calibration The calibration of the reader performed on February 28,1979 was performed in the manner outlin'ed in HP1642. The five exposed standards were read and the mean of the results was 97.1 5.2 m R.
The five standards exposed by Harshaw were also read. The mean of the results of these five standards was 93.9 5.9 mR.
The Harshaw standards are 60 exposed to Co in a free air geometry, in a specially modified TLD holder. This holder is similar to the holder used to contain the TLD card issued to site personnel, with the exception, that appropriate aluminum absorbers are placed over TL-1. This action insures that both TL-1 and TL-2 receive similar exposures. Only the TL-2 chip is read for calibrat-ion purposes at TML Harshaw certifies that its calibration is traceable to the National Bureau of Standards.
The report from Harshaw documenting the results of their evaluation of the TMI-exposed cards for that period was not located.
The results of the calibration performed on February 2 also appeared to be technically proper. The mean of the results from the TMI readings was 103.6 4.8 mR, while the mean of the results from the Harshaw exposed cards was 100.9 4.8 mR.
In conclusion, since the means af the two series of TLD cards read on February 28th were within 3.2% of each other, and differed from the calculated exposure by a maximum of only 7%, It is reasonable to assume that the TMIreader was in calibration on February 28.
3.2. Stability of the TMI Reader Since there was no calibration of any nature performed until 3/31, it was necessary to establish the stability of the TMI reader. The stability of the reader must be established to ascertain that the response of the reader did n'ot vary from the calibration performed on 2/28, during the period of 2/28 to 3/31. This evaluation also provides additional evidence for the ev'aluation of the calibrations performed prior to the installation of the c0* Sr calibrator.
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The built-in reference light is a radioectively excited light source, and its emission is relatively constant.
Reference light readings are taken whenever the instrument detects the presence of a B+S card, or manually, when the reference light button is depressed.
These reference light readings serve as an indicator of instrument stability.
7 Figures 1 thru 3 illustrate the results of the reference light readings taken over the period from 2/28 until about 4/21. An evaluation of this data reveals:
During the period of 2/28 to 3/31, the results of the reference light e
readings are relatively constant around a mean of 7.0 0.68.
The only significant deviations from this mean occured during periods of instrument start-up, and following the ccrrection of a fault.
Because of difficulties with the reference light emissions leaking into e
the optical path of the TL emissions during a card read, the reference light was changed on 4/1. The stray light from the reference light had caused an increase in the instrument background read'ing. This leakage does not affect the response of the reader to the reference.
light during reference light cycles. This increase in background had the potential of increasing all TLD readings by about 7 mR. Since the radiation exposure monitoring system normally discounts TLD readings less than 10 mR and since the error is an addition of exposure, not subtraction, the results of TLD readings performed under this circumstance is considered to be conservative.
During the period of 4/1 to 4/7, the mean of the referenca light e
readings was 18.9 t 1.4.
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On 4/3, the new Sr calibrator was placed in used. Due to the re-adjustment of the reader to account for fade, the mean of the reference light readings changed to 14.9 1.5.
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ls In conclusfon, based on the consistancy of the ref erence light readings, the response of the TMI reader has been adjudged to be stable. Thus, the calibration performed on 2/28 was still effective during the period of 3/28 to 3/31.
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The stability of the Harshaw reader was not reviewed, as that reader was calibrated prior to use on 4/1, r
Contrary to this, in a report on the findings of a review of the health physics program at TMI performed in February,1979, NUS reported that s
It the TLD reader exhibited inconsistent resoonse to exposed standards.
was not, witbin the scope of that review to determine why the response appeared to be unstable. A review of the recorded data indicates that a pr oblem exists with the quality of the 2xposures given to the TLD cards The most which are sub.iequently used to calibrate the TLD instrument.
obvious indicator of a significant problem occured in January,1979.
The mean of the Harshaw evaluatior of the TMI-exposed TLD cards was j
The mean of the TMI readings of TLD cards exposed 69.4 1.9 mR.
simultaneously was 69.9 4.7 mR. The calculated expsure was to be 100 mR.
Based on the HP1642-1 form completed at that time, the Radchem Technician adjusted the TLD reader to obtain a response of 100 mR. At this time, the technician had no way of knowing that the exposure was apparently wrong, and adjusted the TLD reader to give a response of 100 mR. When the Harshaw exposed standards were read, the mean of the results was 122.4 7.1 mR. Two weeks later, another set of standards was prepared at TMI and read. The mean of the results of this series of standards was 126.0 6.9 mR. It is clear that the quality of the exposed standards prepared at TMI are questionable.
In light of this, ""7'.2 was changed on 7/2 by a temporary change notice (TCN) to provide for calibration using standards prepared by Harshaw.
The TMI-exposed standards are used fer comparison only.
Table 1,2,3, and 4 tabulate the data from calibrations performed for the twelve months prior to April,1979. Note that the dates reported are for 743033 11 i
j the month which was startiig at the time of th calibration was performed. (thus, the calibration of February 28 is r eported as March, that peaformed on January 3, reported as January.)
Another indicator of the problem is the results of the periodic source calibrations. A review of this data indicated that mathematical mistakes were obviously made in calculating the exposure time.
Table 5 is an excerpt of this data. The log entries indicated that the exposure time was 23.8 minutes in June 1978, decreasmi to 20 minutes and 49 seconds in September,1978; increased to 22 minutes and 54 seconds in October, 1978; and increased again'in January,1979 to 23 minutes and 30 seconds.
60 The source is Co.
In this six month period the source should have decayed in value about 6.1%.
It would not have increased in value as supposedly occured in September.
Since there was no documented narrative on the results of any evaluations or corrections made to rectify th.s situation, it must be assumed that the calibrations performed with standards exposed during this period may be suspect. If we assume the calculated time of 23.8 minutes as calculated in June to be correct, by the decay law the exposure time in September should have been 23.03 minutes, and in January,1979, it should have been 22.3 minutes. The theoretical data does not match the data recorded in this log. It is not felt ithat these source discrepancies affected to calibrations performed be! 2en 2/28 and 7/2.
3.3. Validity of Calibrations Performed Subscouent to 3/31.
During the period of 3/31 until the Se calibrator was installed, standards were read on both the TMI and Harshaw readers. Some of the standards came from Harshaw, others wece prepared by the RadiatiUn Management Corporation, RMC. Table 6 and 7 tabulate the documented results of standards read.
Figure 4 and.5 present the data in graphical form.
Review of the data for this period indicate that the response of the instruments to these exposed standards was within the required 25%
acceptance criteria specified in HP1642.
O With the installation and use of the Sr calibrator on 4/7, and 4/8, the O
quality of the calibrations improved technically.
The Sr calibrator 12 743034 -
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e exposes TLD cards to a standardized source in a repeatable geometry. As
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, above, although the exposure is to a beta field, the calibrator is discus; fj standardized to provide an exposure equivalent to that from a free-air The use of this calibrator minimizes errors in exposing the SOCo field.
standards.
I-At the time the calibrator was installed, it became practice te correct l._.
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the raw TLD results for the individual TLD chip calibration factor.
practice increased the reliability of the calibrations in that the deviation of response between TLD cards was now factored into the calibration e-.
Figure 6 illustrates the response of 100 annealed TLD cards process.
Sr calibrator immediately prior to which had been exposed by the reading. The data indicates that 29 out of 100 TLD chips vary in response 6
by more than 5% from the mean.
it also became reactice to perform a daily calibretion on the reader or Increasing the frequency of calibration idader in use on that day.
increases the reliability of the calibration effort.
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The data recorded from these calibrations indicated a high level of consistancy between TLD cards of a calibration run, and between the r
means of the various calibration runs.
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The 15% fade correction factored into the calibration process was
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determined during initial calibration and set up of the TLD system at TMI P
in 1976/77.
1 In conclusion, based on the increased frequency of calibration, the f
evaluation of individual chip factors during calibration, and the improved ability to obtain properly exposed TLD standards, it is concluded that,the calibrations performed on the TLD readers at TMI between 4/7 and the present represent an improvement over the method outlined in HP1642,.
and that the reliability and qur"ty of the TLD reader calibration have been technically adeauate.
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4.0. Recommendations In the per'formance of this review, some deficiencies related to th' operation e
and calibration of the TLD readers were uncovered. Recommendations for correcting these deficiencies are identified in this section.
4.1. There must be a concerted, immediate effort to prepare written proce-dures covering the operations related to the TLD system.
The draft procedure " Operating Instruction for Performing Daily TLD System Checks and Reader Calibration Utilizing the Strontium Calibrator" pre-pared by Mr. Robert L, Lavimoniere, should be given immediate review, modified as necessary and implemented without undue delay.
This procedure outlines an axcellent crostram of daity maintenance and effee-tive, reliable daily calibrations.
4.2. An evaluation should be made to ensure that the required periodic calibrations fcr neutron and beta response can be adequately performed using the Se calibrator, in advance of the ' time when this calibration may become necessary.
4.3. It is suggested that the procedure for reading TLD cards be modified slightly from the present to res.;e the periodic reading of al..xposed standard during a TLD reading run, to assure continued proper operation of the hot finger. B+S cards will not uncover a problem in this area.
Twice during the on-site portion of this review, the hot finger malfunc-tioned while reading TLDs, and was not noticed until the end c:f the run.
This check is intended to be a GO - NO GO check- -not a calibration.
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4.4. Proper document control procedures, such as those specified in Regulat-ory Guides and ANSI standards for quality asssurance related documents must be applied to the records associated with the TLD reading operation.
This is not currently the case.
4.5. Related to 4.4, a journal-type log should be established in the reader room for the documentation of events and actions which are not routine. The documentation must be such thsit at a later date, the event can be
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i recreated. This documentation should not take the form of a manually 7
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entered note on a TTY printout, as these printouts are not always 52 i
retained.
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4.6. The manning of the TLD reading operation must be stabilized.
Personnel assigned to super-F.
ently assigned personnel must be obtained.
l vise the TLD operation must not be strapped with numerous collatera
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duties which distract from the supervision of the dosimetry program.
I 4.7. The response of each TLD card in an issue status should be determin periodically. Ideally, the REM program would correct the raw TLD dat As an alte-native, each chip in an issue for the individual chip response.
90Sr calibrator, and read. Cards status should be annealed, exposed in the a
which are found to have a response outside of the chosen acceptance
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NUT.ggests that the acceptance criteria would be removed from use.
criteria be that the response be within 10% cf the exposure value.
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TABLE 1 C ALIBRATION TLD RESULTl TMI exoosed. TMI read Date TL-2 Chip Results Mean S.D.
July 79 83 82.6 85.2 86.7 97.6 87.0 6.1 March 79 90.2 97.7 95.2 97.7 104.6 97.1 5.2 Feb. 79 100.7 108.3 102.2 97.8 108.8 103.6 4.8 Jan. 79*
117 123 130 135 125 126.0 6.9 Jan. 79 69.8 73.9 73.7 69.5 62.4 69.86 4.7 Dec. 78 96.7 92.7 100.6 94.1 90.5 94.9 3.9 Nov. 78 109.5 121.7 104.4 107.4 113.1 111.2 6.7 Oct. 78 84.5 83.2 110.7 85.5 87.3 90.2 11.5 Sept. 78 118.6 104.1 110 113.2 107.4 110.7 5.6 Aug. 78 111.3 107.9 108.8 97.2 106.3 6.2 July 78 90 92.3 84.9 86.2 92.3 89.1 3.4 June 78 102.6 103.1 99.7 101.9 107.6 103.0 2.9 May 78 93.2 97.6 92.2 98 95.3 3.0 Apd178 123.2 124.3 146.6 116.9 129.1 128.0 11.3 March 78 85 75.7 73.5 75.6 82.1 78.4 4.9 NOTES This data represents the results of readings performed on the TMI standards, on the TMI reader. The data are as transcribed from HP1642-1 forms. Significant figures are reported as recorded on these forms.
The exposure of the device is calculated to be 100 mR.
- There were two sets of TLDs read in January. Also, the July 79 results are for the TMIstandards read on the on-site Harshaw reader.
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TABLE 2 CALIBR ATION TLD RESULTS TMI exoosed. Harshaw read Date TL-2 Chip Results Mean S. D.
Jan. 79*
83 83 86 91 86 83.8 3.3 Jan. 79 72 70 67 68 70 69.4 1.9 Dec. 78 Data not located.
Nov. 78 101 106 108 100 98 102.6 4.2 Oct. 78 93 89 91 89 94 91.2 2.3 Sept. 78 103 98 104 98 98 100.2 3.0 Aug. 78 77 77 78 83 75 78.0 3.0 July 78 109 109 116 104 106 108.8 4.5 June 78 93 84 92 77 79 85.,0 7.3 May 78 70 74 75 80 86 77.0 6.2 April 78 99 96 96 92 99 96.4 2.9 March 78 72 79 79 78 78 77.2 2.9 NOTES This data represents the results of readings performed on the TMI exposed standards by Harshaw. Reported results corrected for control badge value, with significant figures as reported by Harshaw.
The exposure of the device is calculated to be 100 mR. The Harshaw reader (off-site)is certified traceable.
- There were two sets of TLDs read in January 1979.
'?d3039 17 i
T
s
~.
TABLE 3 CALIBR ATION TLD RESULTS Harshaw exocsed. TMI read Date TL-2 Chio Results Mean S. D.
July 79 99.9 93.3 94.7 100.6 91.3 96.0 4.1 h! arch 79 92 89.1 100.5 93.9 5.9
'Feb. 79 98 105.6 99.5 95.1 106.1 100.9 4.8 Jan. 79 113 119.5 126.5 131.6 121.4 122.4 7.1 Dec. 78 Data not located.
Nov. 78 100.2 94.6 83.6 89.5 94.8 92.5 6.3 Oct. 78 95.1 103.3 95 104.7 103.4 100.3 4.8 Sept. 78 68.7 72.1 72 74 69.3 71.2 2.2 Aug. 78.
83.4 78.8 74.2 76.8 81.6 79.0 3.7 July 78 Data not located.
June 78 86.7 39 87.8 84.5 77.6 85.1 4.5 May 78 83.4 76.6 74.1 77.9 77.7 77.9 3.4 Apd178 95.6 99.1 92 95.4 99.3 96.3 3.0 March 78 Harshaw TL cards read background-no exposure.
NOTES This data represents the results of readings performed on the Harshaw standards, on the TMI reader. The data are as transcribed from teletype (TTY) printouts. All readings corrected for respective control badge reading.
The exposure of the TLDs are certified to be 100 mR.
e
'M3040 18 1
Y
TABLE 4 INTERCOMPARISON OF TLD RESULTS TMI exposed TLDs Harshaw Exposed TLDs Harshaw Read TMI Read TMI Read Date Mean S.D.
Mean S.D.
Mean S.D.
July 79 87.0 6.1 96.0 4.1 March 79 97.1 5.2 93.9 5.9 Feb.79 103.6 4.8 100.9 4.8 Jan.79 85.8 3.3 126.0 6.9 Jan.79 69.4 1.9 69.9 4.7 122.4 7.1 Dec. 78 94.9 3.9 Nov.78 102.6 4.2 111.2 6.7
, 92.5 6.3 Oct. 78 91.2 2.3 90.2 11.5 100.3 4.8 Sept.78 100.2 3.0 110.7 5.6 71.2 2.2 Aug.78 78.0 3.0 106.3 S.2 79.0 3.7 July 78 108.8 4.5 89.1 3.4 June 78 85 7.3 103.0 2.9 85.1 4.5 May 78 77.0 6.2 95.3 3.0 77.9 3.4 April 78 96.4 2.9 128.0 11.3 96.3 3.0 March 18 77.2 2.9 78.4 4.9 NOTES This table summarizes the data contained in Table 1, 2, and 3. The table tabulates the means and standard deviations of the three sets of standards. Blank snaces represent data which were not located during this review.
The TMI exposed standards are exposed simultaneously. Five of these standards are used to calibrate the reader (center set of data). Five of the standards are sent to Harshaw for evaluation (lef thand' set of data).
Five standards prepared by Harshaw are read (right-hand column). No adjustments are made on the basis of the Harshaw exposed TLD results.
As an example take Jan. 79: The exposure of the TLD cards appears to be improper. Instead of 100 mR, the Harshaw reading shows 69.4. The TMI machine reads 69.9. The operator adjusts the reader to obtain a reading of 100 mR. When the Harshaw exposed cards are read, they read over, at 122 mR, due to the misadjustment of the machine.
19 ijggg
.~a s
4 TABLE 5 EXPOSURE TIME TO OBTAIN 100 mR DOSE Feb. 26,1979 23 min. - 30 sec.
Jrn. 25,1979 23 min. - 30 sec.
Oct. 30,1978 22 min. - 54 sec.
Sept.29,1978 20 min. - 49 sec.
June 28,1978 23.8 min.
NOTES The data above were excerpted from a log, and represents the calculated period of time that the TLDs must be exposed in order to obtain a dose of 100 mR. These calculations were performed by the Radchem Techs. The procedure does not call for monthly recalculation.
The source is cobalt-60.
.c 20 i
T
.s TABLE 6 RESULTS OF EXPOSED TLD C ARD READINGS TMI Reader -
4 DATE TLD RESULTS, TL2 MEAN S.D.
2/28/79 90.2 97.7 95.2 97.7 104.6 97.1 5.2 3/31 103.6 101.4 102.2 101.6 102.2 0.9 3/31 104.1 104.1 4/1 113.9 113.9 4/2 92.5 90.6 91.6 1.3 4/4 102.1 92.9 97.5 6.5 4/5 94.1 175.4 91.7 91.6 90.1 91.9 1.7 4/5 94.1 91.7 91.6 92.5 1.4 4/6
.89.8 91.7 90.8 1.3 4/6 117.4 127.4 121.5 122.1 5.0 4/7 98.3 95.2 93.6, 95.7 2.4 4/7 100.3 99.2 99.8 0.8 4/7 99.7 98.3 95.2 93.6 85.7 94.5 5.4 From this point on, TLD card response was corrected for individual chip response, and the Sr-90 calibrator was used. To correct for fade, the TLD exposure value was changed from 100 to 115 mR.
4/8 83.1 86.7 83.7 83.8 84.8 84.4 1.4 4/8 111.2 111.3 112.6 113.8 108.4 112.1 112.3 112.6 113.8 112.4 112.1 1.6 4/16 128.6 117.8 119.3 116.0 129.3 121.5 121.1 123.4 124.5 119.7 111.2 120.6 118.9 125.1 120.2 121.1 4.6 4/16 124.4 119.8 111.8 113.9 122.8 120.1 117.4 122.8 113.0 111.2 118.7 119.8 117.8 131.5 118.5 118.9 5.3 4/17 15 cards read 120.9 4/18 105.4 99.2 109.3 109.4 110.7 106.8 4.7 4/19 105.7 122.5 122.0 127.0 126.6 120.7 8.7 4/20 120.7 122.9 125.4; 128.5 123.4 124.2 2.9 125.9 127.1 132.3 127.7 136.6 129.9 4.5 4/21 4/22 110.5 108.7 109.9 98.7 107.8 107.1 4.3 4/23 110.1 111.6 102.5 103.3 112.5 108.0 4.7 4/24 108.0 117.0 105.6 108.8 108.9 109.7 4.3
'i '
1 753043 21 s
?.
f I
TABLE 6 Con't DATE TLD RESULTS, TL2 MEAN S.D.
4/24 117.3 109.8 106.6 108.7 113.2 111.1 4.2 4/25 112.9 106.7 111.2 107.5 102.3 108.2 4.3 b
4/28 116.4 116.3 111.5 102.2 111.8 111.6 5.8 114.8 109.7 106.7 117.3 108.9 111.5 4.4 4/28 5/1
'97.2 96.2 97.8 97.0 100.0 97.6 1.4 5/4 128.7 127.2 131.3 121.0 121.1 125.9 4.6
[
f 5/6 111.7 109.6 114.3 114.5 112.0 112.4 2.0 5/7 115.3 109.8 111.7 113.3 114.7 112.9 2.2 l
1' 5/8 119.2 110.8 113.3 107.3 107.9 111.7 4.8 5/9 106.1 110.7 109.2 112.9 109.5 109.7 2.5 5/10 112.4 112.1 104.8 106.7 106.2 108.4 3.5 f
5/11 104.4 106.6 110.2 136.4 116.2 110.8 5.5 5/24 121.2 118.4 115.2' 113.8 115.6 116.8 3.0 5/30 119.2 118.9 114.6 124.8 122.3 120.0 3.9 i
5/31 104.7 102.9 110.1 106.4 110.5 106.9 3.3 l
l
. 5/31 121.5 113.8 121.2 119.8 114.8 118.2 3.7 6/2 112.9 119.7 111.9 115.3 127.6 116.5 6.6 e
i f
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743044 22 t
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TABLE 7 E fr. c
- 3 RESULTS OF EXPOSED TLD C ARD READINGS _
, ?%
[
Harshaw Reade.r h ~' -
r MEAN_
S.D.-
TLD RESULTS, TL2 DATE_
[]
Harshaw reader delivered to site not used until 4/1/79.
b~
3/30/79
. Calibrated by Harshaw.
91.5 3.1 4/1/79 32.2 90.2 88.1 95.5
==
98.5 4/1 98.5 94.9 0.8 4/2 95.4 94.3 l
4/5 106.9 107.9
'06.6 108.6 104.9 L.
102.8 8.8 I
106.8 82.8 J7.7 From this point on, TLD card response was corrected for individual chip response, and the Sr-90 calibrator was used. To correct for fade, the p-TLD exposure value was changed from 100 to 115 mR.
f{
4/6 117.7 122.6 128.4 125.7 120.8 121.9 4.8 126.5 119.0 114.5 I
113.6 5.7 extensive series (about 100 cards) 4/6
~ 106.6 110.8 4.0 r3 4/7 114.6 111.2 L
109.5 6.5 extensive series (about 100 cards) f~
4/7
. 4/14 99.7 102.3 97.8 96.9 93.6 96.7 98.7 101.2 93.8 96.3 7~
94.9 100.3 94.7 94.5 96.7 97.2 2.7 111.2 3.1 4/17 series of 15 cards 4/19 113.0 119.7 112.5 110.3 112.2 113.5 3.6 4/20 118.7 111.9 *116.1 115.2 109.2 114.2 3.7 4/24 119.5 133.8 122.6 128.6 117.4 124.4 6.7 f
4/25 137.7 129.8 121.8 122.2 126.0 127.5 6.6 113.'9 106.6 106.6 104.7 103.6 107.1 4.0 4/27 120.0 117.8 117.0 111.7 120.2 117.3 3.4 1
4/26 l
4/28 114.1 111.7 107.9 115.3 115.5 112.9 3.2 I
5/1 120.9.117.8 119.8 120.7 123.1 120.5 1.9 5/2 102.2 104.7 102.7 103.1 108.3 104.2 2.5 5/3 114.2 114.5 110.9 /116.1 114.4 114.0 1.9 115.5 120.2 112.5 116.6 118.7 116.7 3.0 113.2.114.5 119.2 111.8 110.1 113.8 3.4 y
5/4
~
Z 5/9 5/10 107.6 ' 112.4 113.3 115.2 106.6 111.0 3.7 l~
743045 t
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TABLE 7 Cont'd MEAN_
S. D.
TLD RESULTS, TL2
~.
DATE 5/12 107.2 109.7 113.6 106.7 119.2 111.3 5.2 5/12 109.5 107.9 111.8 101.1 115.6 109.2 5.4 5/14 108.9 110.1 105.9 112.0 120.2 111.4 5.4 5/15 113.3 106.7 108.1 107.2 112.0 109.5 3.0 5/16 109.5 112.8 110.5 110.3 107.5 110.1 1.9 l.
5/17 104.4 105.1 106.1 106.5 104.1 105.2 1.0 i
S/18
'111.9 111.1 111.1 110.4 120.4 113.0 4.2 5/19.
117.3 112.3 110.9 111.8 112.5 113.0 2.5 5/21 113.6 106.9 109.7 112.6 111.5 110.9 2.6 5/22 114.5 106.0 111.7 116.1 113.5 112.4 3.9 5/23 107.5 111.2 '112.3 111.0 116.9 111.8 3.4 5/24 113.9 117.1 115.8 116.5 116.1 115.9 1.2 5/25 118.4 113.6 110.1 118.5 121.6 116.4 4.6 5/26 112.7 113.9 111.3 108.2 119.1 113.0 4.0
'I 5/28 110.7 112.5 105.9, 116.5 115.7 112.1 4.3 5/29 111.7 106.9 116.5 112.1 119.6 113.4 4.9 5/30 116.5 110.8 107.3 111.4 114.4 112.1 3.5 l
S/31 126.0 125.2 125.7 115.4 117.2 121.9 5.2 i
f
~ 6/2 113.3 118.3 108.9 113.1 115.9 113.9 3.5
[
6/4 110.2 114.7 115.4 106.8 108.1 111.0 3.9 l
6.5 113.7 117.3 117.5 106.8 105.2 112.1 5.8
[
6/6 111.0 107.4 112.1 117.5 113.3 112.3 3.7 u
I 6/7 115.0 117.4 111.5 114.1 111.2 113.8 2.6 6/8 115.6 122.3 126.1 124.6 124.0 122.5 4.1 l
6/9 124.1 124.9 113.9 117.9 126.3 121.4 5.3 6/11 119.4 124.0 126.6 121.5 121.8 122.7 2.7 6/12 114.2 110.2 120.2 117.4 113.2 115.0 3.9 6/13 115.6 110.0 111.5 114.0 120.2 114.3 4.0 6/13 118.2 119.1 119.4 117.1 115.3 117.8 1.7 6/14 115.3 114.1 117.3 114.9 113.9 115.1 1.4 6/15 115.8 116.5 115.1 #120.2 117.6 117.0 2.0 6/17 110.6 112.7 114.8 110.1 108.5 111.3 2.4 6/18 119.8, 113.3 113.1 109.6 110.6 113.3 4.0 6/19 118.8 113.5 113.0 109.6 116.7 114.3 3.6 s'(G046.
24 i
...,_:_.__1
5 TABLE 7 Cont'd DATE TLD RESULTS, TL2 MEAN S.D.
6/20 113.9 117.2 107.5 116.9 116.9 114.5 4.1 6/21 116.2 117.9 108.9 118.5 116.7 115.6 3.9 6/22 112.7 107.0 112.5 114.7 115.1 112.4 3.2 6/23 108.5 106.6 11G.0 114.0 115.1 110.8 3.6 6/25 118.1 106.7 112.1 114.6 118.6 114.0 4.9 6/25 122.4 112.3 118.'9 121.4 125.9 120.2 5.1 6/26 127.9 122.3 126.3 119.2 125.3 124.2 3.5 6/27 123.5 119.7 122.0 120.5 122.4 121.6 1.5 6/28 112.5 114.9 112.2 116.5 110.8 113.4 2.3 6/29 112.3 117.9 118.3 113.4 116.6 115.7 2.7 6/30 125.7 121.4 115.1 122.7 120.3 121.0 3.9 7/1 114.6 115.3 102.3 117.1 114.6 112.8 5.9 743047 25 i
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