ML19221A951
| ML19221A951 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 03/31/1979 |
| From: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| To: | |
| References | |
| NUREG-75-087, NUREG-75-087-02.3.3, NUREG-75-87, NUREG-75-87-2.3.3, SRP-02.03.03, SRP-2.03.03, NUDOCS 7907120032 | |
| Download: ML19221A951 (9) | |
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U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARD REVIEW PLAN
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OFFICE OF NUCLEAR REACTOR REGULATION SECTICN 2.3.3 CNSITE METEOROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS PROGRAMS EEVIEW RE SPCN5%It I f!ES Primary - Hydt ology-fieteorology Branch (HMB)
Secondary - None I.
AREAS OF REVIEW Informatico is presented by the appilcant and reviewed by the staff concerning the onsite meteorological measurement programs including instrumentation, data summaries, and, at the operating license (Ot> stage, provisior.s cf the tecnnical specifications.
The review covers the following specific areas:
1.
The meteorological instrumentation review includes siting of sensors, sensor performarce specifications, methods and equipment for re:ording sensor output, the quality assurance program for sensors and recorders, and dita 3cquisition and reduction procedures.
2.
The review of meteoro1cgical data summaries includes consideration of the period of record and amenability of the data for use in making atmospheric diffusion 9
estimates.
3.
The review of meteorological technical specifi ations includes consideration of instrument siting, instruraent specifications, control room monitor ing, and data reporting and storage.
II.
ACCEPTANCE CRITERI A 1.
Generally, the onsite meteorological programs must produce cata which can be sum-marized to provide an adequate meteorological description of the site and its vicinity for the purpose of making atmospheric diffusion estimates for accidental and routine airborne releases of effluents. Guidance on an adequate program is given in Regulatory Guide 1.23.
More specifically:
The siting of meteorological sensors should satisfy the position stated in a.
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b.
The meteornlogical sensors should mee' the sensitivity specifications of Regulatory Guide 1.23 and be capable of withstanding the expected range of environmental conditions at the site such that adequate data recovery is anticipated. Any deviation from Regulatory Guide 1.23 must be justified.
The meteorological recording systems must be capable of providing accurate, c.
reliable data.
d.
lhe instrument surveillance and calibration procedures must provide reasonable assurance that adequate, accurate data will be obtained.
The data reduction procedures should provide average data which are within e.
the accuracy guidelines of Regulatory Guide 1.23.
Any deviation must be justified.
2.
The following criteria are used to judge the acceptability of meteorological data summaries for atmospheric diffusion estimates.
4 For the Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR), at least one annual cycle a.
of onsite meteorological data should be provided at docketing.
If adequate meteorological data (one year) are not available at docketing, the bast available (onsite and offsite) data to describe atmospheric dispersion char-acteristics should be provided. Adequate onsite meteorological data must be provided prior to or with the scheduled response to the first set of requests for additional information.
b.
For the Final Safety Analysis Reoort (FSAR), at least two consecutive annual cycles (and preferaaly three or more whole years), including the most recent one year period, should be provided at docketing.
Meteorological data must be presented in the form of joint frequency distributions of wind speed and wind direction by atmospheric stability cla.s ir, the format described in Regulatory Guide 1.23.
An hour-by-hour listing of hourly-averaged parameters may also be provided on magnetic tape in the format described in Appendix 2.3A.
Additional sources of meteorological data for consideration in the description of airflow trajec-tories from the site to a distance of 80 km may include National Weather Service (NWS) stations, other meteorological programs that are well-maintained and well exposed (e.g., other nuclear facilities, university and private meteorological programs), and additional satellite facilities established by the applicant (or others) to character-ize relevant meteorological conaitions at critical locations.
Evidence of how well these data represent long-term conditions at the site must be presented.
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Rey, 1 2.3.1-2
III. REVIEW PROCEDURES 1.
Meteorological Ir.strumentation 9
The basic meteorological parameters measured by instrumentation at all sites should include wind direction and wind speed at two levels, aTbient air tempera-ture difference between two levels, temperature, and atmospheric moisture (at sites where water vapor is emitted, as from cooling tcwers or spray ponds).
a.
Instrument Siting Instrement types, heights, and locations are compared generally to the posi-tion stated in Regulatory Guide 1.23, Positions C.1 and C.2.
Datailed review l
procedures follow.
(1) local Exposure of Instruments The local exposure of the wind and temperature sensors is reviewed to assure that the measurements will represent the general site area.
A determination is made whether the tower which supports the sensors will inflirence the wind or temperature measurements. Professional experience and studies have shown that wind sensors should be mounted on booms such that t he sensors are at least one tower width away from an open-latticed tower and at least two stack or tower widths away from a stack or closed tower.
For temperature sensors, mounting booms need not be as long as those for wind sensors but must be unaffected by thermal radiation from the tower itself. No temperature sensors may be mounted directly on stacks or closed towers. Mounting booms for all sensors should be oriented normal to the prevailing wind at the site.
A determination is made whether the terrain at or near the base of the tower will unnaturally affect the wind or temperature neasurements.
Heat reflection characteristics of the surface underlying the meteor-ological tower (grass, soil, gravel, paving, etc. ) are estimated to assure that localized influences on measurements are minimal. lhe position, 'ize, and materials used in the construction of the recorder shack and nearby trees are also examined for potential localized influ-ence on the measurements.
(2) General Exposure of In:truments Since the objective of the instrumentation is to provide measurements which represent the overall site meteorology without plant structure interference, the tower position (s) must have been selected with this general objective in mind.
Examination of topographical maps, which have been modified to show finished plant grade, and a site visit along with professional judgment on airflow patterns are used to determine and evaluate the represec.tativer. ass of the location (s).
mm 2.3.3-3 Rev. I
Ihe plant structure layout including structure heights are examined for potential influence on meteorological measurements. In general, sensors should be located at least five building heights away from the buildings to minimize this influence.
b.
Meteorol_ogical Sensors The type and performance specifications of the sensors are evaluated.
Manufacturers' specifications and analysis, and operating experience for these sensors are considered in evaluation of adequacy with respect to accuracy and the potential for acceptable data recovery. Standa-h zed evalu-ations such as Reference 5 and operational experience reports contained in research papers are utilized.
The suitability of the specific typi
' sensor for use in the environmental conditions at the site is evaluated To this end, the range of wind condi-tions and the ability of the sensors to withstand corrosion, blowing sar,d, salt, air pollutants, birds, and insects are considered.
If the sensors are new and unique, a meteoralogical instrumentation expert (e.g., NOAA, Idaho Falls) may be consulted.
l Recording of Meteorological Sensor Output c.
The methods of recording (e.g., digital or analog, instantaneous or average, engineering units or raw voltages) and the recnrding equipment including performance specifications and location of this equipment are evaluated.
Manufacturers' specifications and operating experience for the recorders are considered in evaluation of adequacy with respect to accuracy and the poten-tial for acceptable data recovery.
The controlled environmental conditions in which the recorders are kept (instrument shack or control roon) are reviewed for adequacy in accordance with the manufacturers' specifications. The ability to obtain a direct readout from the recorders in situ during routine inspection of systems is checked 50 that the ;nspector will be able to relate the recorder output directly to what the sensor should be seeir.g.
Some specific criteria are contained in Regulatory Guide 1.23, Positicn C.3.
The reviewer determines that there are provisions for proper monitoring of wind directio.., wind speed, and vertical temperature difference in the control room during plant operation.
d.
Instrumentation Surveillance The inspection, maintenance, and calibration procedures and their frequency are evaluated. These surveillance procedures and the frequency of attention Rev-1 2.3.3-4
that the instrumentation systems receive are comp) red to cperating experience at this site and other sites with similar instrumentation with the objective of determining that acceptable cata recovery with acceptable accuracy wiil be obtained throughout the duration of the meteorologitil program. Guidelines fcr acceptable accuracy and acceptable data recovery are specified i: Regula-tory Guide 1.23, Positions C.4 and C.S.
Any deviations frcm Regulatory l
Guide 1.23 must be justified.
e.
Data Acquisition and Reduction The procedures, including both hardware anJ software, for data acquisition and reduction are evaluated. Since there are many methods of acquiring data from meteorological measurement systems which are acceptable to the staff, the review procedure varies. The basic components of the program which are reviewed to ascertain the acceptability of data acquisition and reduction are:
(1) Accuracy of measuring in units of direct measurement and their preci-ion.
(2) Accuracy in conversion of direct measurement units to meteorological units.
(3) Accuracies involved in frequency and mode (instantaneous or average) of sampling.
(4) Time over which syste sutputs are averaged for final disposition and accuracy of these da.a.
Since the instrument accuracy suggestions in Regulatory Guide 1.2.-
fer to overall system accuracy for instantaneous recorded values or ti.
n'
d values, the overall system accuracy is evaluated in addition to e i.')onent (senser, recorJer and reduction) accuracies. The evaluation consists primari-ly of using statistical procedures for compound errors based on sensor accuracy, recorder accuracy, conversion of units accuracy, and frequency and mode of sampling (Ref. 6).
2.
Meteorological Data Summaries Annual (representing the annual cycle) joint frequency distributions of wind direction and wind speed by atmospheric stability class are evaluated from the viewpoint of sufficiency of detail to permit the staff to make an independent determination of the atmospheric dif fusion conCitions, relative concentrations and relative depositions for accidental and routine a'mospheric releases of radioactive g
effluents from the reactor and its facilities. fhe distributions are to be based wholly on onsite data, a combination of onsite and offsite data, or offsite data in accordance with the criteria of subsections II.2.a. and II.2.b.
l The joint frequency distributions are compared to the example distribution given in Regulatory Guide 1.23.
If hourly meteorological data are provided on magnetic tape, the format is compared to the example given in Appendix 2.3A.
145 25 6 2.3.3 5 aev i
" Calm" wind conditions (which should be defined as wind speeds less than the starting speed of the anemometer or vane, whichever is higher) are checked for appropriateness and appearance in the distributions as a separate speed class, without directional assignment, by atmospheric stability class.
Annual joint frequency distributions for each expected mode of release (i.e.,
ground level and elevated) are checked for appropriateness of heights of measure-ments of wind direction, wind speed, and atmospheric stability. Winds at the 10-meter level and temperature difference (AT) between the vent height and the 10-meter level are used for vent and penetration releases. Winds from near release height and aT between release height and the 10-meter level are used for stack releases. A stack is defined as a release point which is greater than twice the height of adjacent structures.
The climatic representativeness of the joint frequency distribution is checked by
- omparison with nearby stations which have collected reliable meteorological data over a long period of time (10-20 years). The distributions are e.ompared with sites in similar geographical and topographical locations to assure that the data are reasoaable.
3.
Eeteo"> logical Technical Specifications The applicant's technical specifications are reviewed at t.ie OL stage to determine if the operational meteorological monitoring program meets the recommendations of Regulatory Guide 1.23 with respect to tower siting, instrumentation specificatie1s, and control room monitoring, and if the reporting requirements meet the recommenda-tions of Regulatory Guide 1.21.
Eeviations from the Regulatory Guides may be accepted if justified.
IV.
EVALUATION FINDINGS The reviewer verifies that sufficient information has been provided in accordance with the requircments of this SP.P section and that his evaluation supports the following type of concluding statement, to be used in the staff's Safety Evaluation Report:
"The onsite meteorological measurements program is in conformance with the position stated in Regulatory Guide 1.23, except for (identify deviations). These deviations were found to have minimal impact on oJr evaluation We Conclude that the meteor-ological measurements program has produced data which ir turn have been summarized to provide an adequate meteorological h cription of the site and its vicinity for the purpose of making atmospheric di?*:Jsion estimates for accidental and routine airborne releases of effluents from the nuclear facility."
For the CP review, if adequate meteorological data have not been acquired by the appli-cant and presented to the staff, a statement requiring the applicant to obtain adequate data in a timely manner will be added.
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The input to the Safety Evaluation Report will also include a brief summary description of tha onsite meteorological measurements program covering the following items:
1.
Height and location of meteorological sensors by type.
2.
Period of data record.
3.
Data recovery.
4.
Period of data record and meteorological parameters used for atmospheric diffusion estimates.
V.
REFERENCES 1.
Regulatory Guide 1.21, " Measuring, Evalual.liig, arid Reporting Radioact ivity in Solid Wastes and Releases of Padioactive Materials in Liquid and Gaseous Effluents f rom Light-Water-Cooled N clear Power Plants."
2.
Regulatory Guide 1.23, "Onsite Meteorological Programs."
3.
Regulatory Guide 4.2.1, " Additional Guidance - Environmental Data."
4.
R. C. Hilfiker, " Exposure of Instruments," Chapter in Air Pollution Metcorology Manual, Training Course 411 conducted by USEPA Air Pollution Train'ng Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, August 1973.
5.
D.
H. Slade (ed.), " Meteorology and Atomic Energy - 1968," TID-24190, Division of Technical Information, USAEC (1968).
6.
C. E.
P. Brooks and N. Caruthers, " Handbook of Statistical Methous in Meteorology,"
M.0. 538, Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London (1953).
7.
D. A. Mazzarella, "An Inventory of Specifications for Wind Measuring Instruments,"
Bull. Amer. Meteur. Soc. 53, 860 (1972).
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2.3.3-7 Rev. 1
APPENDIX A Standard Rcview Plan Section 2.3.3 R[CCMMENDED* FORMAT FOR HOURLY METEOROLOGICAL DATA f0 BE PLACED ON MAGNETIC TAPE Use:
9-track tape (7 will be acceptable)
Standard Labet wnich wou;J include:
Record Length = 160 Block Size (3200 - fixed block size)
Density (1600 BP1 - 800 will be accepted)
Do Not Use:
Magnetic tapes with unformatted or spanned records At the beginning cf each tape, use the first five (5) records (which is the equivalent of ten cards) to give a tape description. Include plant name; location (latitude, longitude);
date'; of data; information explaining data contained in the "other" fields if they are used; height of measurements; and any additional informatien pertinent to identification of the tape.
Make St.re all five records are included, even if some are blank. Format for the first five records will be 160Al. Meteorological data format is (16, 12, I3, I4, 2SF5.1, F5.2, 3F5.1).
Decimal points should not be included when copying data onto the tape.
All data should be given to the tenth of a unit except solar radiation, which should be given to a hundredth of a unit.
This does not necessarily indicate the accuracy of the data (e.g., wind direction is usually given to the nearest degree, but record it with a zero in the tenth's place; i.e., 275 degrees would be 27b.0 degrees and placed on the tape as 2750).
All nines in any field indicate a lost reccrd (99999). All sevens in a wind direction field indicate calm (77777). If there are only two levels of data, use the upper a7d lower levels.
If there is only one level of data, use the upper level.
- Data on magnetic tape are acceptable in any reasonablo formit, if the format is completely described (see NUREG-0158, Part 1), and if a sample tape dump is provided.
145 25B Rev. 1 2.3.3-8
MAGNETIC TAFE METEOROLOGICAL DATA LOCATION:
DATE OF DATA RECORD:
I6 Identifier (can be anything) 12 Year 13 Julian Day I4 Hour (on 24-hour clock)
ACCURACY F5.1 Upper Meacurements: Level =
ne t' rs c
FS.1 Wind Direction (degrees)
FS.1 Wind Speed (meter /sec)
F5.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
___,F5.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
F5.1 Moisture:
F5.1 Other:
F5.1 Intermediate Measurements: Level =
n2ters F5.1 Wind Direction (degrees)
FS.i Wind Speed (meters /sec)
FS.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
F5.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
FS.1 Moisture:
F 5.1 Other:
F5.1 Lower Measurements: Level =
neters F5.1 Wind Directica ' degrees)
___ F5.1 Wind Speed (r<ters/sec)
__ F5.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
FS.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
FS.1 Mcisture:
F5.1 Other:
F5.1 Temp. Diff. (Upper-Lower) ( C/100 meters)
F5.1 Temp. Diff. (Upper-Intermediate) ( C/100 meters)
F5.1 Temp. Diff. (Intermediate-Lower) ( C/100 meters)
F5.1 Precipitation (m.m) 2 F S. 2 Solar Radiation (cal /cm / min)
F5.1 Visibility (km)
F5.1 Other:
9 F5.1 Other:
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Rev. 1 2.3.3-9