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Part 03 Environmental Report (Rev. 2) - Part 03 - Environmental Report - Chapter 02 - Section 02.03.03 - Water Quality
	ML19030A378
Person / Time
Site:	Clinch River
Issue date:	01/18/2019
From:	James Shea; Tennessee Valley Authority
To:	; Office of New Reactors
	Fetter A
References
	TVACLINCHRIVERESP, TVACLINCHRIVERESP.SUBMISSION.6, CRN.P.PART03, CRN.P.PART03.2
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Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-1 Revision 1 2.3.3 Water Quality 2.3.3.1 Surface Water The proposed small modular reactors (SMRs) withdraw cooling water from the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir through an intake structure located near Clinch River Mile (CRM) 17.9. Heated water from the plant is to be returned to the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir by a discharge structure located near CRM 15.5.

2.3.3.1.1 Upper Tennessee River Basin The water quality data in the Upper Tennessee River Basin from 1994 to 1998 was summarized by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2000. The report evaluated concentrations and distribution of bacteria, nutrients, pesticides, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in surface water and sediment, the influence of industry and mining on water quality, and the effects of toxic spills and releases. The study was performed as part of the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program, which, as of 2000, had evaluated 36 study areas throughout the United States. The report compared water quality data from the Upper Tennessee River to data from the other study areas, as well as to national water quality benchmarks, such as those for drinking water quality and protection of aquatic organisms.

In general, the report concluded that surface water in the Upper Tennessee River Basin usually meets existing guidelines for drinking water, recreation, and the protection of aquatic life.

Specific findings included:

Bacteria levels frequently exceeded state standards in agricultural and urban areas. In agricultural areas, this was attributed to runoff from pasture land. In urban areas, this was attributed to wastewater infrastructure.

Nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, were found at elevated levels in some streams.

Herbicides were detected in 98 percent of the stream samples collected, and insecticides were detected in 12 percent of samples. Concentrations were within drinking water standards, but exceeded aquatic life guidelines for some chemicals.

Contamination from past industrial and mining activities was still present in many areas.

Contamination had resulted in fish consumption advisories for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin, and mercury. Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) were found in sediment at concentrations that exceeded aquatic life guidelines, and were attributed to coal mining.

Spills and releases had resulted in fish and mussel kills in many parts of the basin (Reference 2.3.3-1)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-2 Revision 1 Specific findings were discussed for the Lower Clinch River Watershed, Watts Bar Reservoir, and Melton Hill Reservoir. Mercury was found to be a major contaminant in the drainages downstream from the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR), including Whiteoak Creek watershed, and the lower Clinch River - Watts Bar Reservoir. Mercury, polychlorinated compounds (PCBs), and cesium-137 are known to have migrated to areas downstream of ORR. The State of Tennessee has posted a fish-consumption advisory for ORR drainages as well as Watts Bar Reservoir as a result of bioaccumulation of mercury and PCBs in some fish species. A fish-consumption advisory was also in place for Melton Hill reservoir due to the presence of PCBs and chlordane.

(Reference 2.3.3-1) 2.3.3.1.2 State Monitoring and 303(d) List The TDEC conducts monitoring of more than 7000 stations throughout the state, with 600 stations scheduled for sampling in fiscal year 2014-2015 (Reference 2.3.3-2). Water quality monitoring includes biological, chemical, and bacteriological analyses in wetlands, rivers, streams, reservoirs, and lakes.

There are 12 monitoring stations located on the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir, including four monitoring stations between Melton Hill Dam and the Clinch River Nuclear (CRN)

Site, and eight stations between the CRN Site and the confluence of the Clinch River arm with the Tennessee River arm of the reservoir. The closest station is located directly adjacent to the CRN Site, on the eastern side of the peninsula near CRM 18. Another station is located directly adjacent to the Barge/Traffic Area. (Reference 2.3.3-3)

Section 303(d) of the federal Clean Water Act requires that states develop a list of surface water bodies that are water quality limited or are expected to exceed water quality standards in the next two years. Streams that are water quality limited have one or more characteristics that violate water quality standards. These streams are considered to be impaired by pollution, and cannot fully meet their designated uses. (Reference 2.3.3-4)

In 2014, TDEC issued its 303(d) list for the year 2012. Table 2.3.3-1 lists the water bodies near the CRN Site which are listed as impaired.

2.3.3.1.3 River and Reservoir Compliance Monitoring Program TVA initiated a reservoir monitoring program, formerly called the Vital Signs Monitoring Program, in 1990 to provide information on the ecological health or integrity of major reservoirs in the Valley. Through the current Reservoir Ecological Health Program, TVA monitors ecological conditions at 69 sites on 31 reservoirs. Each site is sampled every other year unless a substantial change in the ecological health score occurs during a 2-year (yr) cycle. If that occurs, the site is sampled the next year to confirm that the change was not temporary. Roughly half the sites are sampled each year on an alternating basis. The program includes five ecological indicators (chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen (DO), sediment quality, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish assemblage), which are monitored at up to four locations in each

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-3 Revision 1 reservoir. To complete the ecological health scoring process, the 20 to 100 percent scoring range is divided into categories representing good, fair, and poor ecological health conditions relative to what is expected given the hydrogeomorphology of the reservoir. (Reference 2.3.3-5) 2.3.3.1.3.1 Melton Hill Reservoir TVA monitors three locations on Melton Hill Reservoir: the deep, still water near the dam, called the forebay; the middle part of the reservoir; and the riverine area at the upper end of the reservoir, called the inflow. Monitoring is usually done on a two year cycle. The overall ecological condition of Melton Hill rated fair in 2012. Melton Hill received a good rating in 2006 and 2010 but rated fair in all other years monitored. The higher ecological health scores were primarily due to two indicators (chlorophyll and bottom life) rating near the upper end of their historic ranges. (Reference 2.3.3-6)

The following paragraphs summarize the result for the Melton Hill Reservoir Monitoring Program for 2012.

Dissolved Oxygen In 2012, DO rated poor at the forebay and good at the mid-reservoir location. A large portion of the lower water column at the forebay had low DO concentrations in June, resulting in a poor rating. DO has rated good at the mid-reservoir location all years monitored and typically has rated good in the forebay unless there was an extended period with low flow. Low flow conditions can allow water to sit long enough that oxygen in the lower water column becomes depleted as it is used in the natural process of decomposition. This was the case in 2012 and in 2000, 2001, and 2008 when DO rated fair at the forebay location. (Reference 2.3.3-6)

Chlorophyll In 2012, chlorophyll rated fair at the forebay and good at the mid-reservoir monitoring location.

Annual average chlorophyll concentrations have fluctuated through time at the mid-reservoir, with no specific trend of increasing or decreasing. Chlorophyll concentrations have shown an overall trend of increasing at the forebay since monitoring began in 1991. Chlorophyll rated good at the forebay during the 1991 to 1996 time period. Since 1998, chlorophyll ratings have fluctuated between fair and poor at this location. Reservoir flows have played a part in the year-to-year fluctuations as low-flow conditions tend to allow more time for algal populations to become established. (Reference 2.3.3-6)

Fish In 2012, the fish community rated good at the forebay, fair at the mid-reservoir, and poor at the inflow. Consistent with previous years, the fish assemblage at each monitoring location was characterized by lower numbers of fish and higher proportions of tolerant individuals than expected. As in most years, improved diversity at the mid-reservoir and forebay, respectively, resulted in higher ratings at these locations. (Reference 2.3.3-6)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-4 Revision 1 Bottom life In 2012, bottom life rated fair at the forebay and mid-reservoir locations and poor at the inflow.

Over the period of the monitoring program from 1994 to 2012, scores for bottom life have fluctuated within the low fair to poor range at the forebay and within the poor range at the inflow location. Scores have improved, however, at the mid-reservoir location since 1994 with scores shifting from the low end of the fair range to the middle of the fair range and even rating good in 2006. The improved ratings were primarily due to an increase in the number of organisms less tolerant of poor conditions. (Reference 2.3.3-6)

Sediment In 2012, sediment quality rated fair at the forebay because samples contained slightly more arsenic than would be expected to occur naturally. The mid-reservoir location rated good because no PCBs or pesticides were detected, and no metals had elevated concentrations.

Arsenic, chlordane, copper, and PCBs have exceeded suggested limits in some previous years.

(Reference 2.3.3-6) 2.3.3.1.3.2 Fort Loudoun Reservoir TVA monitors three locations on Fort Loudoun Reservoir: the forebay; the middle part of the reservoir; and the inflow. Fort Loudoun Reservoir was monitored annually from 1994 through 2007. In 2008, TVA began monitoring Fort Loudoun every other year. The ecological health condition of Fort Loudoun Reservoir rated fair in 2011. Conditions were similar to most previous years. Low ratings for three indicators (chlorophyll, bottom life, and sediment quality) typically reduce the reservoirs overall health score. In addition, DO has rated poor in some years.

(Reference 2.3.3-7)

The following paragraphs summarize the result for the Fort Loudoun Reservoir Monitoring Program for 2011.

Dissolved Oxygen In 2011, DO rated fair at the forebay and good at the mid-reservoir monitoring location. This indicator usually rates good at the mid-reservoir location, but ratings have varied between good, fair, and poor at the forebay, generally in response to reservoir flow conditions. TVA has installed aeration equipment to add oxygen to the deep water above Fort Loudoun Dam and to improve conditions immediately downstream. (Reference 2.3.3-7)

Chlorophyll In 2011, average summer chlorophyll concentrations were high at both monitoring locations, resulting in poor ratings. High chlorophyll concentrations are a consistent issue on Fort Loudoun, rating poor at both sites in most previous years. (Reference 2.3.3-7)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-5 Revision 1 Fish In 2011, the fish assemblage rated high fair at all three monitoring locations. The variety of fish collected at each location was good, but catch rates were slightly lower than desired and composition was dominated by a few species such as gizzard shad, bluegill, and/or largemouth bass. The fish community typically scores good or at the upper end of the fair range at the forebay and mid-reservoir, while scores at the inflow have generally fluctuated within the fair range. (Reference 2.3.3-7)

Bottom life In 2011, similar to previous years, bottom life rated poor at the forebay and inflow monitoring locations and fair at the mid-reservoir location. Relatively few organisms are usually collected from the forebay and inflow locations, and those collected are primarily species capable of tolerating poor conditions. Bottom life at the mid-reservoir location typically rates fair due to greater diversity, which includes a better representation of intolerant species such as mayflies.

(Reference 2.3.3-7)

Sediment In 2011, sediment quality rated fair at both the forebay and mid-reservoir monitoring locations because PCBs were detected. Sediment quality typically rates fair at both locations due to chlordane, PCBs, and/or zinc exceeding suggested limits. (Reference 2.3.3-7) 2.3.3.1.3.3 Watts Bar Reservoir TVA monitors four locations on Watts Bar Reservoir: the forebay; the middle part of the reservoir; and the Tennessee and Clinch River inflow locations. Samples are usually collected on a two-year cycle. The overall ecological health condition for Watts Bar Reservoir rated fair in 2012. Ecological health scores for Watts Bar have fluctuated between a high fair and poor and have generally followed reservoir flow conditions. Flow conditions in 2012 were low during most of the summer months in response to the generally dry weather pattern. The indicator most responsive to flow is DO, which rated poor at the forebay in 2012. In addition, common problems are elevated chlorophyll concentrations, poor bottom life, and the presence of metals and/or organic contaminants in the sediments. (Reference 2.3.3-5)

The following paragraphs summarize the result for the Watts Bar Reservoir Monitoring Program for 2012.

Dissolved Oxygen DO rated poor at the forebay and good at the mid-reservoir location. DO has rated good at the mid-reservoir location all years monitored except 2008 and 2010, when it rated fair and poor, respectively. Low DO levels (<2 milligrams per liter [mg/L]) have occurred in the lower water column at the mid-reservoir in several years, including 2012. However, the area affected was

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-6 Revision 1 larger in 2010 than in other years, resulting in the only poor rating for this indicator at this location. Ratings have varied between good, fair, and poor at the forebay, primarily due to differences in reservoir flows. Poorer DO conditions typically occur as a result of reduced flows through the reservoir during dry conditions. TVA has installed aeration equipment to add oxygen to the deep water above Watts Bar Dam and to improve conditions immediately downstream.

(Reference 2.3.3-5)

Chlorophyll Chlorophyll rated poor at both locations monitored because of elevated concentrations. Annual average chlorophyll concentrations have fluctuated through time at the forebay, with no specific trend of increasing or decreasing. Chlorophyll concentrations have shown an overall trend of increasing at the mid-reservoir location since monitoring began in 1990. (Reference 2.3.3-5)

Fish The fish assemblage rated good at the Tennessee inflow location and at the upper end of the fair range at other monitoring locations. At all locations, the percent composition of tolerant individuals was higher than expected and catch rates were lower than expected. Better fish diversity at the Tennessee inflow location contributed to the higher (good) rating. (Reference 2.3.3-5)

Bottom life Bottom life rated good at the mid-reservoir, fair at the forebay and Clinch inflow locations, and poor at the Tennessee inflow location. Scores for bottom life in 2012 were similar to those of previous years at each monitoring location except the Clinch inflow location. Bottom life rated poor at the Clinch inflow location until 2004 when it received its first fair rating. Since 2004, bottom life at Clinch inflow location has scored within the fair to low-good range. Improvements in ratings at the Clinch inflow location are attributable to increases in the density and diversity of organisms in the samples collected from the reservoir bottom. (Reference 2.3.3-5)

Sediment Sediment quality rated fair at the forebay and mid-reservoir locations because concentrations of arsenic exceeded suggested background levels. Sediment quality commonly rates fair at both locations due to one or more contaminants: PCBs, chlordane, and/or arsenic. Additionally, the concentration of copper was elevated in the sample collected at the mid-reservoir location in 2009, and lindane was detected in the sample collected at the forebay in 2006. (Reference 2.3.3-5) 2.3.3.1.4 Preapplication Monitoring Program To support the evaluation of the suitability of the CRN Site and Barge/Traffic Area, TVA monitored the surface water on and in the immediate vicinity. This program consisted of

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-7 Revision 1 characterization of surface water in the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir, as well as characterization of stormwater runoff on both the CRN Site and Barge/Traffic Area. The resulting data provides information to determine existing conditions for surface water. The parameters measured or analyzed include temperature, total metals, nutrients, acids/base/neutral compounds, PCBs, gross alpha, gross beta, radium 228, radium 226, oil and grease (O&G), pH, cyanide, phenols, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), color, bromide, surfactants, total organic carbon (TOC), sulfide, sulfate, ammonia-N, fluoride, TOC, and hardness. Pesticide monitoring was included in the July 2013 sampling. (Reference 2.3.3-8) The locations of the samples are provided in Figure 2.3.3-1, and the results are provided in Tables 2.3.3-2 and 2.3.3-3. Tables 2.3.3-2 and 2.3.3-3 provide the maximum concentrations for quarterly stormwater and surface water samples, respectively, collected in July 2013; March, May, and November 2014; and February, April, and June, 2015. All sample results for the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir upstream and downstream of the CRN Site indicate that TDECs most stringent numeric criteria are being met and that site runoff (should it occur) would not have a significant impact to water quality (Reference 2.3.3-8).

2.3.3.1.5 Biological Monitoring Program As part of the biological monitoring to characterize the aquatic community near the CRN Site, TVA collected and analyzed surface water and sediment samples at selected locations on the Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir between CRM 15.5 and 22.0. The locations of the samples are shown in Figure 2.3.3-1.

The biological monitoring program data were collected to characterize baseline conditions of the aquatic habitats and communities in the reservoir immediately upstream and downstream of the CRN Site. This program focused on ecological health, but included collection of surface water quality and sediment chemistry data, as indicators of ecological health. Surface water samples were collected at four mid-channel locations, including three upstream locations at CRM 18.5, 19.7, and 22.0, and one downstream location at CRM 15.5. The surface water samples were collected monthly from March to December 2011. The samples from each month (a total of 10 months) were analyzed for nutrients (Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen, total phosphorus, and orthophosphate), TOC, alkalinity, hardness, water clarity (turbidity and TSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The samples from every second month (April, June, August, October, and December) were analyzed for total and dissolved metals. In June, 2011, sediment samples were collected at three of the locations, including CRM 15.5, 18.5, and 22.0. Sediment samples were also collected from one location in Melton Hill Reservoir in June, 2011, and from two locations in the Tennessee River arm of Watts Bar Reservoir in June, 2010, and June, 2011. The sediment samples were analyzed for metals and organochloride pesticides and PCBs. (Reference 2.3.3-9)

The results from the biological monitoring program samples collected between March 2011 and December 2011 are provided in Tables 2.3.3-4 through 2.3.3-8, and are discussed in the following paragraphs (Reference 2.3.3-8).

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-8 Revision 1 Nutrient concentrations typically were relatively high for nitrogen and moderate to low for phosphorus. Phosphorus concentrations were often low enough to be a limiting factor to phytoplankton, while nitrogen appeared to be underutilized. Chlorophyll a concentrations were low (<1.0-5.0 micrograms per liter [g/L]). Concentrations were below detectable levels (1 g/L) in approximately 53 percent of the samples, and only three of the 68 samples had concentrations greater than 2 g/L. Secchi-disk transparency ranged from 1.5 to 6.2 meters (m).

The average transparency was greater than 3 m (3.1m to 3.6 m) at each CRN Site sampling location (CRMs 15.5, 18.5, 19.7, and 22.0) in 2011, which is higher than typically observed in mainstream Tennessee River reservoirs. Turbidity ranged from 0.6 to 12 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU), with 68 percent of the values less than 4 NTUs. TSS ranged from 1 to 11 mg/L, with 85 percent of the values less than 4 mg/L. Phytoplankton populations were characterized by low abundance and appeared to be mainly the result of phytoplankton populations generated within Melton Hill Reservoir and transported downstream. Based on chlorophyll results, phytoplankton productivity in the sampled reach was very limited and phytoplankton populations were essentially in a senescent phase. Productivity was likely light-limited due to turbulence within the water column. Zooplankton assemblages were characterized by low abundance and diversity throughout the 10-month sampling period. As with phytoplankton, high turbulence and advection within the sampled reach likely limited zooplankton populations and affected their distribution. (Reference 2.3.3-8)

The typical pH was 7.5-7.9. All pH values were within the bounds of the State of Tennessee aquatic life criteria (6.5 to 9.0). The maximum water temperature was 79.6°F, well below the State of Tennessee criteria (86.9°F). Concentrations of metals in water were found to be below concentrations established by the State of Tennessee for protection of aquatic life. Ammonia concentrations were below the quantification limit (0.10 mg/L) in approximately 45 percent of the samples, while some samples had higher ammonia concentrations (0.16-0.19 mg/L) than generally expected. Ammonia concentrations typically are low (<0.15 mg/L) in aerated surface waters of TVA reservoirs; values greater than 0.15 mg/L are infrequent. PCBs and pesticides were not detected in the sediment samples collected near the CRN Site and metals concentrations were below EPA Region 4 ecological screening values for sediments.

(Reference 2.3.3-8)

As discussed in Subsection 2.3.1.1.2.7, daily thermal gradients were documented to occur in the reservoir during summer due to surficial warming during the hottest time of the day.

However, the warmer surface water was then either flushed out by daily dam releases from Melton Hill Dam, or its heat dissipated with nighttime atmospheric cooling. However, appreciable vertical gradients in DO concentrations existed at some locations during the July survey. Likewise, the slight deviation (4.87 mg/l) below the state water quality criterion for DO at CRM 15.5 in June 2011 may have resulted from periodic increases in flow mixing oxygenated water in the upper strata with oxygen-deficient water in the lower strata. (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Hourly hydro water releases from Melton Hill Dam typically range from no discharge to the maximum turbine capacity of approximately 20,000 cfs. However, intervals of 12 to 22 hr with no releases are common. Average hourly releases from Melton Hill Dam for April through

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-9 Revision 1 September of 2011 and 2013 were above average, but there were no hourly releases from Melton Hill Dam for about 42 percent of the time. By comparison, the percentage of hours with no releases is often in the range 60 to 70 percent. Therefore, data collected in 2011 and 2013 are likely more representative of conditions that exist during normal to above average flow conditions. During low flow years, the potential exists for greater spatial difference in temperatures and for increases in the magnitude and duration of stratification and resultant oxygen deficiencies. (Reference 2.3.3-8) 2.3.3.2 Groundwater This subsection describes the quality characteristics of groundwater aquifers that could affect plant water use and effluent discharge or be impacted by construction and operation of the SMRs to be built at the CRN Site.

The CRN plant design does not require groundwater as a source for cooling water, potable water, or other plant needs. Circulating cooling water is sourced from the Clinch River arm of Watts Bar Reservoir, while potable and other water comes from the Oak Ridge Department of Public Works. Temporary dewatering is required to maintain a dry excavation for the construction of the required foundations for the CRN plant structures.

2.3.3.2.1 Hydrogeochemical Characteristics 2.3.3.2.1.1 Regional Hydrogeochemical Characteristics As discussed in Subsection 2.3.1.2.1.2, the principal aquifers in the Valley and Ridge Province consist of carbonate rocks that are generally in communication with surface water features such as rivers or lakes. Other types of rocks in the province can yield water to wells where they are fractured or contain solution openings or are directly hydraulically connected to sources of recharge. Groundwater can also be present in the alluvium along streams and the residuum of weathered material that overlies most of the rocks in the area.

The chemical quality of water in the freshwater parts of the Valley and Ridge aquifers is similar for shallow wells and springs. The water is hard, a calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type, and typically has a dissolved-solids concentration of 170 parts per million (ppm) or less. The ranges of concentrations are thought to be indicators of the depth and rate at which groundwater flows through the carbonate-rock aquifers. In general, the smaller values for a constituent represent water that is moving rapidly along shallow, short flow paths from recharge areas to points of discharge. This water has been in the aquifers for a short time and has accordingly dissolved only small quantities of aquifer material. Conversely, the larger values represent water that is moving more slowly along deep, long flow paths. Such water has been in contact with aquifer minerals for a longer time and thus has had greater opportunity to dissolve the minerals. Also, water that moves into deeper parts of the aquifers can mix with saltwater (brine) that might be present at depth (Reference 2.3.3-10).

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-10 Revision 1 The chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the ORR aquitards range from a mixed-cation-bicarbonate water type at shallow depths to a sodium-bicarbonate water type at deeper depths, to sodium-calcium-chloride water type as evidenced from very deep wells.

These chloride-rich waters appear to be a zone of dilution on top of deeper saline sodium-calcium-chloride brines, similar to those encountered within the Conasauga Group at depths greater than 1000 ft in Melton Valley (Reference 2.3.3-11). The Knox aquifer is characterized by a calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate water type. The hydrogeologic conditions at the CRN Site are similar to those observed at the ORR with the exception of land disturbance areas resulting from earlier site work performed for the CRBRP where excavations and fill material are present.

2.3.3.2.1.2 Local Hydrogeochemical Characteristics The hydrogeochemical characteristics of the groundwater are summarized on Figure 2.3.1-23.

The shallow groundwater is characterized by mixed cation-bicarbonate type water, intermediate depth sodium-bicarbonate water, and deep sodium-chloride type water (Reference 2.3.3-12).

The transition to sodium-chloride type water occurs below approximately 300 ft and thus is not intercepted by onsite monitoring wells. A study of groundwater circulation in the deep system was conducted on the ORR, which included one well adjacent to the site (GW-214) (Reference 2.3.3-13). This well appears to be at the top of the saline zone (sodium-chloride type water) at a depth of 393 ft with a total dissolved solids measurement of 1693 ppm. The results of this study indicated that some active exchange of water from the shallower groundwater is occurring. This exchange was characterized as highly variable as a result of the paucity of vertically interconnecting fractures. A more recent study performed as part of the Melton Valley exit pathway monitoring program indicated a similar depth to saline groundwater (385 ft for monitoring well OMW1c) (Reference 2.3.3-14).

2.3.3.2.1.3 Site Hydrogeochemical Characteristics Site-specific groundwater chemistry data were collected from selected onsite observation wells (Reference 2.3.3-15). Table 2.3.3-9 summarizes the field parameter measurements for the selected wells. Table 2.3.3-10 summarizes the analytical results. Regional groundwater chemistry information was obtained from the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) website for groundwater analyses from Roane, Anderson, and Knox counties to compare with the site-specific data. The results of these analyses are presented on a Piper trilinear diagram shown on Figure 2.3.3-2 (Reference 2.3.3-16). The site groundwater ranges mostly from calcium-bicarbonate to magnesium-bicarbonate type. The water is generally near neutral pH with a total dissolved solids concentration of less than 500 ppm. Examination of the figure indicates that, in general, the site groundwater chemistry is similar to the regional information from NAWQA. A notable exception is OW-202L, which is based on water chemistry, appears to be associated with the intermediate depth groundwater zone as defined on the ORR with a sodium-bicarbonate water type, alkaline pH, and higher total dissolved solids concentration. OW-202L was purged dry during sampling and had the highest field turbidity and pH measurement of the wells sampled (Table 2.3.3-9).

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-11 Revision 1 2.3.3.2.2 Groundwater Quality 2.3.3.2.2.1 Local Groundwater Quality The CRN Site is located adjacent to the ORR which includes three DOE facilities: the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12), and the East Tennessee Technology Park (ETTP). The ORNL is composed of subareas including Melton Valley, Bethel Valley, and White Oak Creek. The Y-12 facility includes Bear Creek Valley, Upper East Fork Poplar Creek, and Chestnut Ridge. These facilities were constructed as part of the Manhattan Project during World War II and were involved with nuclear weapons production and research. A variety of chemicals and radionuclides are present at the sites. The primary classes of contaminants present include VOCs and radionuclides (primarily uranium, tritium, and strontium-90). Figure 2.3.3-3 presents a map showing the major groundwater plumes associated with the facilities (Reference 2.3.3-17). Examination of the map with respect to the location of the CRN Site indicates that none of the major groundwater plumes are impacting the site area.

2.3.3.2.2.2 Site Groundwater Quality To support the evaluation of the suitability of the proposed SMR site, the CRN Site field investigation includes monitoring groundwater at the CRN Site. As discussed in Subsection 2.3.1.2.1.4.2 and shown in Figure 2.3.1-18, observation wells were installed across the CRN Site to characterize the groundwater. Analytical results of quarterly sampling provide information on baseline groundwater conditions for the site.

Legacy Contaminants Current groundwater conditions at the CRN Site are influenced through proximity to ORR. As mentioned in Subsection 2.3.3.2.2.1, legacy contaminants from historic ORR operations include VOCs and radionuclides associated with the facilities. Contaminant plumes on ORR include volatile organic compounds along with cesium-137, strontium-90, and tritium at ORNL.

Contaminant plumes at Y-12 include uranium, nitrate, and mercury. Plumes at ETTP also include chromium-6 and technetium-99. (Reference 2.3.3-18) In addition, the regularly maintained, fenced White Oak Dam complex continues to settle legacy ORNL contaminants into the sediment of its 25-ac lake and, potentially, groundwater in the region. Groundwater monitoring, assessment, and corrective action are ongoing at the ORR sites.

Legacy groundwater contaminant plumes also include the former American Nuclear Corporation, located 15 mi southwest of the CRN Site on Braden Branch Creek near CRM 50.5.

From 1962 until 1970, American Nuclear Corporation produced radioactive sources and detectors. In 1970, contamination entering the Clinch River was traced to the American Nuclear Corporation, the operational license was revoked, and the plant closed. The plant was cleaned and fenced to allow the radioactive materials to decay in place. Contaminants include cobalt-60 and cesium-137. (Reference 2.3.3-19)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-12 Revision 1 Monitoring Network Baseline Observation wells were sampled on a quarterly basis by TVA from December 2013 through November 2014 to help characterize seasonal variations throughout the annual cycle to baseline current groundwater conditions (Reference 2.3.3-18). Sampling events were performed in December 2013 to January 2014, in April 2014, in August 2014, and in November 2014 to characterize groundwater conditions in winter, spring, summer, and fall, respectively.

Groundwater samples were collected using a submersible bladder pump. Each well was evacuated until field parameters stabilized; field parameters included sample depth, temperature, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. Once stabilized, analytical samples were collected. Sample analysis included volatile organic compounds, semivolatile organic compounds, pesticides, PCBs, total petroleum hydrocarbons, metals, cyanide, radionuclides, and polycyclic aromatic compounds. (Reference 2.3.3-18)

The baseline range of field parameters for groundwater is summarized in Table 2.3.3-11. A more detailed summary, detailing data by sample depth and season is shown in Table 2.3.3-12.

Unlike most of the other field parameters, the minimum and maximum groundwater sample temperatures overlap during the annual cycle as shown in Table 2.3.3-13. Minimum temperatures range from 8.36 to 20.74 degrees Celsius (°C; 47.05 to 69.33 degrees Fahrenheit

[°F]) and maximum temperatures range from 13.7 to 24.44°C (56.66 to 75.99°F). The effect of well depth on the seasonal variance in temperatures is not apparent due to the wide range in depths for each well designation (i.e., upper, lower, and deep). Wells designated as upper had depths ranging from 8.76 to 31.5 m, while lower wells ranged from 35.97 to 50.3 m and deep wells ranged from 57.3 to 80 m; thus making the depth ranges rather continuous and less discrete.

As presented in TVAs Groundwater Quality Monitoring Report, analytical results of the 2013/2014 baseline sampling summarized in Table 2.3.3-14, were examined for legacy contaminants and for detections exceeding drinking water maximum contaminant levels (MCLs).

A detailed summary of sampling results is presented in Appendix 2.3.3-2-A. Only two detected analytes exceeded their MCL. Five fluoride results exceeded the MCL of 4 µg/L; ranging from 6.9 to 14.2 µg/L with the smallest exceedance from the OW422D well and the other four from the OW415L well. Lead had three detections, 5.5, 10.6, and 120 µg/L, with the maximum detection from the fall sampling of OW419U exceeding leads action level of 15 µg/L.

(Reference 2.3.3-18)

A summary of legacy contaminant detections is presented in Table 2.3.3-15. Of the regional legacy contaminants, none of the wells had detections of mercury or uranium. Similarly, none of the wells had detections of trichloroethylene or 1,1-dichloroethane. Detected legacy volatile organic compounds were limited to a solitary detection of tetrachloroethylene, along with twenty-two low level chloroform detections. Additionally, some wells exhibited nitrate detections; all low level. Detected legacy metals include a solitary arsenic detection, along with two

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-13 Revision 1 detections of cadmium. Barium was detected at low levels in several wells and chromium had five detections. The legacy radionuclides tritium, strontium 90, and technetium 99 were detected a few times.

Table 2.3.3-16 presents a summary of detected analytes.

Well Cluster 422 During the CRN Site subsurface investigation, a three-well cluster was installed east of the OW-101 well cluster, at boring location MP-422 (OW-422 U, L, and D). Following drilling, wells were scheduled to be completed by casing, screening, filtering, sealing, and packing to produce a viable groundwater monitoring well. During well completion, groundwater contamination was observed in OW-422L. TDEC was notified and was provided with the results of well sampling.

The contamination was determined to be non-radiological, petroleum products (gasoline range organics). Due to the contamination in OW-422L, this well cluster (OW-422 U, L, and D) was not developed; however, the well cluster remains in place, locked and under TVA control. TVA has no plans to perform any additional work in the location, and TDEC will make a determination regarding the disposition of the well cluster. Because the wells were not developed and monitoring of water levels in these wells was not performed, the OW-422 well series is not included in the discussion of site observation wells. Well clusters OW-428 and OW-429 (installed north and south of the OW-422 cluster) were installed to provide replacement geological/groundwater data. (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Some permanent observation well clusters (OW-428 and OW429), located in the area around OW-422, were sampled after well development and no evidence of petroleum products (gasoline range organics) was observed in January 2014. The contamination seems to be restricted to the immediate area around well OW-422. No evidence of petroleum products (gasoline range organics) was observed before or after the 72-hour (hr) pumping test conducted near the OW-428 U,L, and D well cluster (up dip [higher in the geologic unit] of OW-422L).

Water quality sampling in discharge water from the 72-hr pumping test also showed no detection of volatile organic compounds. Finally, gross alpha and beta radionuclides were below minimum detectable concentration levels in the discharge water from the pumping test.

Therefore, the contamination seems to be a localized issue around well OW-422.

2.3.3.3 References Reference 2.3.3-1. U. S. Geological Survey, "Water Quality in the Upper Tennessee River Basin, 1994-1998," Circular 1205, 2000.

Reference 2.3.3-2. Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, "FY 14-15 Tennessee Division of Water Resources Surface Water Monitoring and Assessment Program Plan," December, 2014.

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-14 Revision 1 Reference 2.3.3-3. Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, TDEC GIS Map, Interactive Water Pollution Control Layers, Monitoring Sites, Website: http://tnmap.tn.gov/wpc/,

2015.

Reference 2.3.3-4. Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, "Year 2012 303(d) List," January, 2014.

Reference 2.3.3-5. Tennessee Valley Authority, Watts Bar Reservoir Ecological Health Website, Website: http://www.tva.com/environment/ecohealth/wattsbar.htm, 2015.

Reference 2.3.3-6. Tennessee Valley Authority, Melton Hill Reservoir Ecological Health Website, Website: http://www.tva.gov/environment/ecohealth/meltonhill.htm, 2015.

Reference 2.3.3-7. Tennessee Valley Authority, Fort Loudoun Reservoir Ecological Health Website, Website: http://www.tva.com/environment/ecohealth/fortloudoun.htm, 2015.

Reference 2.3.3-8. Tennessee Valley Authority, "Clinch River Surface Water Quality Report -

Revision 2," July 10, 2015.

Reference 2.3.3-9. Tennessee Valley Authority, "Biological Monitoring to Characterize the Aquatic Community near the Site of the Proposed Clinch River Small Modular Reactor 2011,"

Tennessee Valley Authority Biological and Water Resources, Chattanooga, Tennessee, January, 2013.

Reference 2.3.3-10. Lloyd, O. B. and Lyke, W. L., Ground Water Atlas of the United States:

Segment 10, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, USGS Hydrological Atlas 730-K, 1995.

Reference 2.3.3-11. Saunders, J. A. and Toran, L. E., "Evidence for Dedolomitization and Mixing in Paleozoic Carbonates Near Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Ground Water 32, No. 2: 207-214, 1994.

Reference 2.3.3-12. Solomon, D. K., Moore, G. K., Toran, L. E., Dreier, R. B., and McMaster, W. M., "A Hydrologic Framework for the Oak Ridge Reservation, Status Report," ORNL/TM-12026, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract number DE-AC05-840R21400 by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Services Division, May, 1992.

Reference 2.3.3-13. Nativ, R., Halleran, A., and Hunley, A., "Evidence for Ground-Water Circulation in the Brine-Filled Aquitard, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Ground Water 35, No. 4: 647-659, 1997.

Reference 2.3.3-14. Bechtel Jacobs Company, LLC, "Melton Valley Exit Pathway and Offsite Groundwater Monitoring Results: July 2012 - March 2011," U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management under contract DE-AC05-98OR22700, June, 2011.

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-15 Revision 1 Reference 2.3.3-15. AMEC Environmental and Infrastructure, Inc., "Data Report, Geotechnical Exploration and Testing, Clinch River SMR Project," October 16, 2014.

Reference 2.3.3-16. U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment Program, NAWQA Data Export, Website: http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/data, 2014.

Reference 2.3.3-17. Science Applications International Corporation, "Third Reservation-wide CERCLA Five-Year Review for the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation, Oak Ridge, Tennessee," DOE/OR/01-2516&D2, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management under subcontract 23900-BA-KK665, July, 2012.

Reference 2.3.3-18. Fisher, Anna B., "Clinch River Small Modular Reactor Site - Groundwater Quality Monitoring Report - Revision 3," May 9, 2017.

Reference 2.3.3-19. Oak Ridge Site Specific Advisory Board, Two Studies on Historic Preservation Offer Suggestions for K-25/Oak Ridge Reservation, Website:

http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/11/f5/April_11.pdf, April, 2011.

Reference 2.3.3-20. Hem, J., "Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water, Water-Supply Paper 2254," U.S. Geological Survey (Third Edition): 1-272, 1985.

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-16 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-1 Surface Water Bodies near CRN Site listed in 2012 303(d)

Water Body Acres Characteristics that Violate Water Quality Standards Watts Bar Reservoir 34,075 PCBs in sediment Fort Loudoun Reservoir 14,066 534 PCBs in sediment Atmospheric deposition of mercury Tellico Reservoir 16,500 PCBs in sediment and atmospheric deposition of mercury Norris Reservoir 23,198 Atmospheric deposition of mercury Upper Clinch River 16.88 (river miles)

Loss of native mussel species Poplar Creek Embayment of Watts Bar Reservoir 141 PCBs from an industrial point source, mercury in contaminated sediments Clinch River arm of Watts Bar Reservoir 2682 PCBs from industrial point source, chlordane in contaminated sediment, and atmospheric deposition of mercury Melton Hill Reservoir 5960 PCBs and chlordane in contaminated sediment Whiteoak Creek 5.3 (river miles)

Cesium, strontium, and loss of biological integrity Emory River Arm of Watts Bar Reservoir 283.36 454.98 362.64 Mercury, PCBs, and chlordane from an industrial point source, atmospheric deposition, and contaminated sediments Arsenic, coal ash, aluminum, mercury, PCBs, and chlordane from various sources (including the 2008 Kinston coal ash spill)

Mercury, PCBs, and chlordane from atmospheric deposition and contaminated sediments Source: (Reference 2.3.3-4)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-17 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-2 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Maximum Concentrations for Quarterly Surface Water Samples at the CRN Site (July 2013; March, May, November 2014; and February, April, and June, 2015)

Parameter CRS8 Maximum CRS9 Maximum CRS10 Maximum CRS12 Maximum Most Stringent TDEC Numeric Criterion Comments Temperature, °C (°F) 24.5 (76.1) 22.3 (72.1) 24.5 (76.1) 26.8 (80.2) 30.5 (86.9) pH (SU) 6.4-7.7 6.6 - 7.7 6.1-7.0 6.3-7.3 6.0 - 9.0 Oil and Grease (mg/L)

< 5.3

< 5.0

< 5.0 NANA Cyanide (mg/L)

< 0.005

< 0.005 0.0052 T. Phenols (mg/L) 0.059 0.14

< 0.010

< 0.010 10 BOD (mg/L)

< 5.0

< 2.0 8.85 NA TSS (mg/L)

< 5.0 4.6 13.4 4.4 NA Color (PC Units) 5.0 20 50 5.0 NA Bromide (mg/L)

< 1.0

< 1.0 0.10 0.10 NA Surfactants (mg/L)

< 0.20 0.20

< 0.20

< 0.20 NA TOC (mg/L) 13.1 13.0 13.2 18.1 NA Sulfide (mg/L)

< 0.10

< 0.10 NA Ammonia-N (mg/L) 0.21

< 0.10

< 0.10 1.24 Calculated for pH 8 and 25°C Nitrate/Nitrite (mg/L) 1.5 1.1 0.47 0.49 10 T. Organic Nitrogen (mg/L)

< 0.50

< 0.50 NA Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L)

< 0.50

< 0.50 NA T. Phosphorus (mg/L)

< 0.10

< 0.050

< 0.050 NA COD (mg/L)

< 25

< 25 NA T. Fluoride (mg/L)

< 0.50

< 0.50 NA Sulfate (mg/L) 22.3 22.3 24.3 22.30 NA Metals (mg/L)

T. Aluminum 0.121 0.172 0.747 0.0873 NA T. Magnesium 11.4 11.0 11.1 11.2 NA T. Calcium 39.1 38.9 37.7 38.8 NA T. Iron 0.191 0.232 0.149 0.164 NA T. Copper

< 0.0010 0.0010 0.0015 0.0011 0.009 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Zinc

< 0.010 0.010

< 0.0050 0.005 0.120 Based on 100 mg/L TH

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-18 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-2 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Maximum Concentrations for Quarterly Surface Water Samples at the CRN Site (July 2013; March, May, and November 2014; and February, April, and June, 2015)

Parameter CRS8 Maximum CRS9 Maximum CRS10 Maximum CRS12 Maximum Most Stringent TDEC Numeric Criterion Comments T. Barium 0.0375 0.0372 0.0366 0.0384 2.0 T. Boron

< 0.20

< 0.20 0.05 0.050 NA T. Cobalt

< 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 NA T. Manganese 0.0594 0.0436 0.895 0.060 NA T. Molybdenum 0.0010

< 0.0020 0.0010 0.0010 NA T. Tin

< 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 NA T. Titanium

< 0.010

< 0.010 NA T. Antimony

< 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.006 T. Arsenic

< 0.0010

< 0.0010 0.010 T. Beryllium

< 0.0010 0.0010 0.00010 0.00010 0.004 T. Cadmium

< 0.00050

< 0.00050 0.00010 0.00010 0.00025 See note below T. Chromium 0.0014 0.0010 0.0012 0.0010 0.011 Criterion for Cr+6 T. Lead 0.0010 0.0010 0.0021 0.0010 0.003 T. Mercury LL Mercury (ng/L) 0.934 0.5420 5.08 5.33 50 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Nickel 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.052 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Selenium 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.005 T. Silver

< 0.00050

< 0.00050 0.00010 0.00010 0.0032 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Thallium 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.00024 Criterion is below RL T. Hardness 143 143 140 143 NA Radioactivity Gross Alpha (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Gross Beta (Ci/L) 2.85 +/- 1.05

<MDC 2.31 +/- 1.11

<MDC NA Total Alpha Radium (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Radium 226 (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC 0.719 +/- 0.217 NA Radium 228 (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-19 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-3 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Maximum Concentrations for Quarterly Stormwater Samples at the CRN Site (July 2013, and March, May, and November 2014)

Parameter CRS1 Maximum CRS2 Maximum CRS3 Maximum CRS6 Maximum CRS11 Maximum Most Stringent TDEC Numeric Criterion Comments Temperature, °C (°F) 24.7 (76.5) 31.3 (88.3) 23.9 (75.0) 21.1 (70.0) 12.0 (53.6) 30.5 (86.9)

WQC apply in-stream pH (SU) 6.8 - 7.3 6.7 - 8.1 6.7 - 7.6 6.8 - 7.3 6.7 6.0 - 9.0 Oil and Grease (mg/L)

< 5.3

< 5.6

< 5.3

< 5.0 NA Cyanide (mg/L)

< 0.0050

< 0.0050 0.0052 T. Phenols (mg/L) 0.071 0.054 0.083 0.064

< 0.010 10 BOD (mg/L)

< 5

< 2.0 NA TSS (mg/L) 26.2 69.8 114 77.1 5.7 NA Color (PC Units) 80 40 45 50 5.0 NA Bromide (mg/L)

< 1.0

< 1.0 2.0 0.10 NA Surfactants (mg/L) 0.14

< 2.0 0.13 0.16

< 0.20 NA TOC (mg/L) 26.5 37.0 21.9 24.2 11.0 NA Sulfide (mg/L)

< 0.10

< 0.10 NA Ammonia-N (mg/L) 0.12 0.13

< 0.10

< 0.10 1.24 For pH 8 and 25°C Nitrate/Nitrite (mg/L) 0.48 0.95 0.24 0.25 0.027 10 T. Organic Nitrogen (mg/L) 1.1

< 0.50 0.62 0.65

< 0.50 NA Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/L) 1.1

< 0.50 0.62 0.65

< 0.50 NA T. Phosphorus (mg/L) 0.11 0.11 0.23 0.13

< 0.050 NA COD (mg/L) 43.0 61.0 42.0 62.0

< 25.0 NA T. Fluoride (mg/L)

< 0.50 0.25

< 0.50 0.17

< 0.50 NA Sulfate (mg/L) 22.8 130 128 16.0 9.10 NA Metals (mg/L)

T. Aluminum 0.531 1.37 2.18 1.77 0.0658 NA T. Magnesium 16.4 31 33.1 10.4 6.99 NA T. Calcium 59.2 52.2 87.3 76.5 23.2 NA T. Iron 0.702 1.8 2.88 1.84 1.98 NA T. Copper 0.0016 0.0024 0.0050 0.0021 0.0010 0.009 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Zinc 0.0075 0.0078 0.025 0.0115 0.0062 0.120 Based on 100 mg/L TH

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-20 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-3 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Maximum Concentrations for Quarterly Stormwater Samples at the CRN Site (July 2013, and March, May, and November 2014)

Parameter CRS1 Maximum CRS2 Maximum CRS3 Maximum CRS6 Maximum CRS11 Maximum Most Stringent TDEC Numeric Criterion Comments T. Barium 0.046 0.051 0.041 0.0815 0.0446 2.0 T. Boron

< 0.20

< 0.20 0.050 NA T. Cobalt 0.0010 0.0010 0.005 0.0010 0.0019 NA T. Manganese 0.136 0.040 0.175 0.0655 0.884 NA T. Molybdenum

< 0.0020

< 0.0020 0.0012 0.0010 NA T. Tin 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 NA T. Titanium 0.0197 0.0353 0.0369 0.0332

< 0.010 NA T. Antimony 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.006 T. Arsenic 0.0010 0.0010 0.0050 0.0015

< 0.0010 0.010 T. Beryllium

< 0.0010

< 0.0010 0.00018

< 0.0010 0.00010 0.004 T. Cadmium

< 0.00050

< 0.00050 0.00010 0.00025 T. Chromium 0.0010 0.0019 0.005 0.0023 0.0010 0.011 Criterion for Cr+6 T. Lead 0.0010 0.0010 0.0030 0.0017 0.0010 0.0025 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Mercury 1.22 LL Mercury (ng/L) 4.17 3.96 5.64 2.83 1.22 50 T. Nickel 0.0010 0.0021 0.0050 0.0024 0.0012 0.052 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Selenium 0.0018 0.0010 0.0050 0.0033 0.0010 0.005 T. Silver

< 0.00050

< 0.00050 0.00050

< 0.00050 0.00010 0.0032 Based on 100 mg/L TH T. Thallium 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010 0.001 0.00024 Criterion is below RL T. Hardness 201 186 324 216 86.8 NA Radioactivity Gross Alpha (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC 2.39 +/- 1.21 1.50 +/- 0.890

<MDC NA Gross Beta (Ci/L) 3.12 +/- 1.41 2.18 +/- 1.10 2.69 +/- 1.20 2.85 +/- 1.28

<MDC NA Total Alpha Radium (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Radium 226 (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Radium 228 (Ci/L)

<MDC

<MDC NA Notes:

NA = Not applicable Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-21 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-4 (Sheet 1 of 3)

Analytical Results for Standard Water Quality Parameters and Chlorophyll a in Samples Collected Monthly March through December 2011 at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7 and 22.0 Parameter Alkalinity Ammonia Nitrogen Dissolved Solids Hardness, Total (as CaCO3)

Kjeldahl Nitrogen, TKN Nitrate-Nitrite Phosphate,Ortho Phosphorus,Total Suspended Solids Total Organic Carbon Turbidity Apparent Chlorophyll a Corrected Chlorophyll a Corrected Phaeo a Units mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L NTU

µg/L

µg/L Reporting Limit 20 0.1 10 30 0.1 0.1 0.025 0.003 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Location QC Date CRM 15.5 03/24/2011 120

<0.10 170 NM

<0.10 0.48

<0.025 0.005 2.8 1.4 4.9 1

<1.0

<1.0 4/26/2011 120

<0.10 170 140 0.14 0.52

<0.025 0.01 6.5 3.6 7.5 2

1 1.4 5/24/2011 110 170 140 0.41 0.6

<0.025 0.006 2.9 1.4 2.7 2

1

<1.0 6/21/2011 110 0.17 160 140 0.33 0.47

<0.025 0.029 3

2.6 4.9

<1.0

<1.0 2

7/18/2011 100 0.13 200 140 0.44 0.51

<0.025 0.015 3.4 1.3 4

2 1

<1.0 T1 8/22/2011 100 0.11 200 140 0.49 0.58

<0.025 0.018 1.9 1.2 1.8 1

<1.0

<1.0 T2 8/22/2011 110

<0.10 190 140 0.36 0.58

<0.025 0.016 2

1.2 1.9 2

<1.0 1.3 T3 8/22/2011 110

<0.10 190 140 0.36 0.59

<0.025 0.016 2.4 1.2 2.1 2

1 1.2 9/19/2011 95 0.11 160 140 0.37 0.49

<0.025 0.022 2

2.5 0.7 2

1

<1.0 10/11/2011 110 0.16 160 150 0.38 0.35

<0.025 0.005 1.5 3.5 1.5 1

<1.0

<1.0 11/10/2011 110 160 160 0.79 0.36

<0.025 0.01 2.2 3.2 3.5 1

1

<1.0 12/13/2011 110 0.11 170 150

<0.10 0.56

<0.025 0.01 4

2.8 6.4 1

<1.0

<1.0 CRM 18.5 3/24/2011 130 0.15 170 NM 0.18 0.48

<0.025 0.012 8.4 1.5 12 2.0 1.0 1.4 4/26/2011 120

<0.10 170 140 0.14 0.53

<0.025 0.006 11.0 3.3 8.0 2.0 2.0

<1.0 T1 05/24/2011 110

<0.10 170 140 0.13 0.61

<0.025 0.005 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.0

<1.0 T2 05/24/2011 110 0.11 150 140 0.13 0.61

<0.025 0.005 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 T3 05/24/2011 110

<0.10 160 140 0.20 0.61

<0.025

<0.003 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 6/21/2011 110 0.11 170 140 0.31 0.44

<0.025 0.018 2.5 1.4 3.4 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 7/18/2011 100 200 140 0.71 0.53

<0.025 0.048 2.5 1.6 2.1 2.0 1.0

<1.0 8/22/2011 110 0.14 190 140 0.42 0.61

<0.025 0.02 2.8 1.2 2.2 2.0 1.0 1.2

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-22 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-4 (Sheet 2 of 3)

Analytical Results for Standard Water Quality Parameters and Chlorophyll a in Samples Collected Monthly March through December 2011 at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7 and 22.0 Parameter Alkalinity Ammonia Nitrogen Dissolved Solids Hardness, Total (as CaCO3)

Kjeldahl Nitrogen, TKN Nitrate-Nitrite Phosphate,Ortho Phosphorus,Total Suspended Solids Total Organic Carbon Turbidity Apparent Chlorophyll a Corrected Chlorophyll a Corrected Phaeo a Units mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L NTU

µg/L

µg/L Reporting Limit 20 0.1 10 30 0.1 0.1 0.025 0.003 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Location QC Date CRM 18.5 (contd) 9/19/2011 97

<0.10 160 130 0.34 0.54

<0.025 0.027 1.5 2.6 0.6 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 10/11/2011 110

<0.10 160 150 0.31 0.34

<0.025 0.005 1.5 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.0

<1.0 11/10/2011 120 0.12 160 150 0.25 0.35

<0.025 0.008 1.1 3.1 2.6 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 12/13/2011 110

<0.10 180 140

<0.10 0.54

<0.025 0.010 3.5 2.2 9.8

<1.0

<1.0 CRM 19.7 3/25/2011 130

<0.10 170 NM

<0.10 0.7

<0.025

<0.003 2.5 1.3 2.9

<1.0

<1.0 4/26/2011 120

<0.10 180 140 0.31 0.52

<0.025

<0.003 2.8 3.1 2.9 2.0 2.0

<1.0 5/23/2011 110 170 140 0.12 0.5

<0.025 0.006 3.0 1.4 3.3 3.0

<1.0 6.5 6/20/2011 100 0.17 160 140

<0.10 0.5

<0.025 0.010 3.4 1.8 2.9 2.0 2.0

<1.0 7/19/2011 100 0.14 180 140 0.27 0.54

<0.025 0.021 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.0 1.0

<1.0 8/22/2011 110 0.19 200 140 0.38 0.6

<0.025 0.03 4.5 1.2 5.6 3.0 2.0 2.3 9/19/2011 97

<0.10 160 130 0.37 0.51

<0.025 0.024 1.7 2.7 0.7 2.0 1.0

<1.0 10/11/2011 110

<0.10 170 150 0.35 0.36

<0.025 0.007 1.1 1.8 1.1 1.0 2.0

<1.0 11/10/2011 110 0.11 160 150 0.28 0.34

<0.025 0.012 1.1 3.0 3.6

<1.0

<1.0 12/13/2011 110

<0.10 160 140 0.11 0.53

<0.025 0.011 3.1 2.0 7.5 1.0

<1.0 1.2 CRM 22.0 3/25/2011 130

<0.10 170 NM 0.11 0.66

<0.025 0.004 3.1 1.4 3.8 1.0

<1.0

<1.0 4/26/2011 120

<0.10 170 140 0.38 0.53

<0.025

<0.003 2.2 2.9 2.8 2.0 2.0

<1.0 5/23/2011 110

<0.10 170 130 0.15 0.49

<0.025 0.010 3.2 1.4 5.0 4.0 3.0 1.3 6/20/2011 100 0.12 170 140 0.19 0.49

<0.025 0.010 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0

<1.0 7/19/2011 110 0.12 190 140 0.25 0.58

<0.025 0.015 1.9 1.3 2.1 2.0 1.0

<1.0 8/22/2011 110

<0.10 200 150 0.34 0.57

<0.025 0.027 4.3 1.2 4.9 5.0 5.0 1.3

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-23 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-4 (Sheet 3 of 3)

Analytical results for Standard Water Quality Parameters and Chlorophyll a in Samples Collected Monthly March through December 2011 at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7 and 22.0 Parameter Alkalinity Ammonia Nitrogen Dissolved Solids Hardness, Total (as CaCO3)

Kjeldahl Nitrogen, TKN Nitrate-Nitrite Phosphate,Ortho Phosphorus,Total Suspended Solids Total Organic Carbon Turbidity Apparent Chlorophyll a Corrected Chlorophyll a Corrected Phaeo a Units mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L NTU

µg/L

µg/L Reporting Limit 20 0.1 10 30 0.1 0.1 0.025 0.003 1.0 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Location QC Date CRM 22.0 (contd) 9/19/2011 96 0.11 160 130 0.41 0.52

<0.025 0.032 1.8 2.8 2.1

<1.0

<1.0 10/11/2011 110

<0.10 170 150 0.40 0.39

<0.025 0.014 1.2 2.4 1.1 1.0 1.0

<1.0 11/10/2011 110 0.11 160 150 0.22 0.35

<0.025 0.018 1.2 2.6 1.9 1.0 1.0

<1.0 12/13/2011 110

<0.10 170 150 0.14 0.52

<0.025 0.008 3.6 2.8 7.8 1.0 1.0

<1.0 Container Blank 5/25/2011

<20

<0.10

<10

<30

<0.10

<0.025

<0.003

<1.0

<0.1 NM NM NM Container Blank 8/23/2011

<20

<0.10

<10

<30

<0.10

<0.025

<0.003

<1.0

<1.0 0.2 NM NM NM Notes:

T1, T2, and T3 are Triplicate Samples that are three distinct samples, each collected separately and in the same manner.

Container Blanks are sample containers filled with deionized (DI) water directly from the DI system.

NM = Not Measured.

Symbol (---) = Non-reportable results.

Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-24 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-5 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Concentrations of Total and Dissolved Metals in Water Samples Collected Bi-Monthly April through December 2011 at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7 and 22.01 Metals, Total and Dissolved

(µg/lL)

Aluminum

Aluminum, Dissolved Arsenic

Arsenic, Dissolved Cadmium

Cadmium, Dissolved Calcium Chromium

Chromium, Dissolved Copper

Copper, Dissolved Iron Iron, Dissolved Method Reporting Limit 100 100 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 500 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0/

2.0 100 100 Location QC Date CRM 15.5 4/26/2011 800

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<1.0 610

<100 6/21/2011 290

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<2.0 2.2 DT 170

<100 T1 8/22/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<100

<100 T2 8/22/2011

<100

<100 1.1

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 37000

<2.0

<100

<100 T3 8/22/2011

<100

<100 1.0

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<100

<100 10/11/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 38000

<2.0

<100

<100 12/13/2011 170

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<2.0 230

<100 CRM 18.5 4/26/2011 680

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<1.0 480

<100 6/21/2011 170

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<100

<100 8/22/2011

<100

<100 1.1

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 35000

<2.0

<100

<100 10/11/2011

<100 150 DT

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 37000

<2.0

<100

<100 12/13/2011 180

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<2.0 200

<100 CRM 19.7 4/26/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<1.0 120

<100 6/20/2011 120

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 34000

<2.0

<2.0 110

<100 8/22/2011 150

<100 1.1

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<2.0 150

<100 10/11/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 37000

<2.0

<100

<100 12/13/2011 170

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 35000

<2.0

<2.0 130

<100 CRM 22.0 4/26/2011 140

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 33000

<2.0

<1.0 130

<100 6/20/2011 110

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 34000

<2.0

<100

<100 8/22/2011 110

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 37000

<2.0

<2.0 100

<100 10/11/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 37000

<2.0

<100

<100 12/13/2011 180

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<0.5 36000

<2.0

<2.0 140

<100 Container Blank 08/23/2011

<100

<1.0

<0.5

<500

<2.0

<100

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-25 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-5 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Concentrations of Total and Dissolved Metals in Water Samples Collected Bi-Monthly April through December 2011 at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7 and 22.01 Metals, Total and Dissolved

(µg/lL)

Lead

Lead, Dissolved Magnesium Magnesium, Dissolved Manganese Manganese, Dissolved Nickel

Nickel, Dissolved Selenium

Selenium, Dissolved Zinc

Zinc, Dissolved Method Reporting Limit 1.0 1.0 100 100 10 10 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 10 10.0 Location QC Date CRM 15.5 4/26/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 9900 58

<10 1.3 2.5 DT

<1.0

<10

<10 6/21/2011 8.6

<1.0 10000 11000 29 10 1.0

<1.0

<10

<10 T1 8/22/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 10000 33

<10 3.1

<1.0

<10

<10 T2 8/22/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 20

<10 1.1

<1.0

<10

<10 T3 8/22/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 21

<10 1.4 1.0

<1.0

<10

<10 10/11/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 11000 15 42 DT

<1.0

<10

<10 12/13/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 48

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 CRM 18.5 4/26/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 10000 42

<10 1.1 1.9 DT

<1.0

<10

<10 6/21/2011 1.4

<1.0 10000 11000 20

<10 1.1 1.1

<1.0

<10

<10 8/22/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 10000 31

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 10/11/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 12000 14

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 12/13/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 47

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 CRM 19.7 4/26/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 10000 12

<10

<1.0 1.8 DT

<1.0

<10

<10 6/20/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 29

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 8/22/2011

<1.0 1.3 DT 11000 11000 52

<10 1.3

<1.0

<10

<10 10/11/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 11000 12

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 12/13/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 40

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 CRM 22.0 4/26/2011

<1.0

<1.0 10000 10000 14

<10 1.3 1.9 DT

<1.0

<10

<10 6/20/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 24

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 8/22/2011

<1.0 1.5 DT 10000 11000 46

<10 2.3

<1.0

<10

<10 10/11/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 12000 17

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 12/13/2011

<1.0

<1.0 11000 11000 47

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 Container Blank 08/23/2011

<1.0 1.3 DT

<100

<100 0

<10

<1.0

<10

<10 1 Metals samples were not collected during November 2012 to September 2013 Notes: DT= Dissolved fraction exceeded the total recoverable metal concentration. Symbol (---) = Non-reportable results Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-26 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-6 Maximum Concentrations of Selected Metals in Water Samples Collected at CRM 15.5, 18.5, 19.7, and 22.0 and Respective Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Fish and Aquatic Life State Criteria1 Metal Water Quality Criteria Maximum Concentration (µg/l)

Acute2

(µg/l)

Chronic3

(µg/l)

CRM 15.5 CRM 18.5 CRM 19.7 CRM 22.0 West Virginia Aluminum4 750 750

<100 150 DT

<100

<100 Tennessee Arsenic (III)4 340 150

<1.0

<1.0 Cadmium5 2.60 0.30

<0.5

<0.5 Chromium (III)5 706 92

<2.0

<2.0 Copper5 17 11.2 2.2 DT

<2.0

<2.0 Lead5 86 3.3

<1.0

<1.0 1.3 DT 1.5 DT Nickel5 585 65 2.5 DT 1.9 DT 1.8 DT 1.9 DT Selenium6 20 5

<1.0

<1.0 Zinc5 146 140

<10

<10 1 The State of West Virginias criteria for aluminum was used for comparison. The State of Tennessee has not promulgated criteria for aluminum.

2 The acute exposure limit is a one hour average concentration which is not to be exceeded more than once every three years on the average.

3 The chronic exposure limit is a four day average concentration which is not to be exceeded more than once every three years on the average.

4 Criteria for these metals are expressed as dissolved.

5 Criteria for these metals are expressed as dissolved and are a function of total hardness (130 mg/L).

6 Criteria are expressed in terms of total recoverable metal.

Note:

DT = Dissolved fraction exceeded the total recoverable metal concentration in the sample.

Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-27 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-7 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Pesticide and PCB Concentrations in Sediments Collected at CRMs 15.5, 18.5, and 22.0 in 2011 and at Far-Field Locations (CRM 24.5, TRM 560.8, and TRM 532.5) in 2010 and 2011 Reservoir Mile No.

METHOD Organochlorine Pesticides and PCB's (ug/kg dry weight)

(EPA 8081A)

(EPA Method 8082)

ENDRIN ALDEHYDE HEPTACHLOR HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE METHOXYCHLOR Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's) 1016 1221 1232 1242 1248 1254 1260 TOTAL Replicate Collection Date Clinch SMR Watts Bar CRM 15.5 1

06/21/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 Watts Bar CRM 15.5 2

6/21/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 Watts Bar CRM 18.5 1

6/21/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 Watts Bar CRM 22.0 1

6/21/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 Far-field Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/21/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 310

< 25

< 25 310 Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/8/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 72

< 25

< 25 72 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/15/2010

< 10

< 25

< 25 160

< 25

< 25 160 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 2

6/15/2010

< 10

< 25

< 25 150

< 25

< 25 150 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/16/2010

< 10

< 25

< 25 77

< 25

< 25 77 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/15/2010

< 10

< 25

< 25 110

< 25

< 25 110 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 2

6/15/2010

< 10

< 25

< 25 140

< 25

< 25 140 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/16/2011

< 10

< 25

< 25 57

< 25

< 25 57

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-28 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-7 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Pesticide and PCB Concentrations in Sediments Collected at CRMs 15.5, 18.5, and 22.0 in 2011 and at Far-Field Locations (CRM 24.5, TRM 560.8, and TRM 532.5) in 2010 and 2011 METHOD Organochlorine Pesticides and PCB's (ug/kg dry weight)

(EPA Method 8081A)

TOXAPHENE ALDRIN Benzene Hexachloride (BHC)

CHLORDANE DIELDRIN DDT's Endosulfan ENDRIN Reservoir Mile No.

Replicate Collection Date ALPHA BETA DELTA GAMMA P,P DDD P,P DDE P,P DDT ALPHA BETA SULPHATE Clinch SMR Watts Bar CRM 15.5 1

06/21/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar CRM 15.5 2

6/21/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar CRM 18.5 1

6/21/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar CRM 22.0 1

6/21/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Far-field Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/21/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/8/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/15/2010

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 2

6/15/2010

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/16/2010

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/15/2010

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 2

6/15/2010

< 500

< 10

< 10 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/16/2011

< 500

< 10

< 10 Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-29 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-8 Metals Concentrations in Sediments Collected at CRMs 15.5, 18.5, and 22.0 in 2011 and at Far-Field Locations (CRM 24.5, TRM 560.8, and TRM 532.5) in 2010 and 2011 Reservoir METHOD Metals (mg/kg, dry weight)

(EPA 6010)

(EPA 7060)

(EPA 6010)

(EPA 7471)

(EPA 7060)

River Mile No.

Replicate Collection Date ALUMINUM ARSENIC CADMIUM CALCIUM CHROMIUM COPPER IRON LEAD MAGNESIUM MANGANESE MERCURY NICKEL ZINC Clinch SMR Watts Bar CRM 15.5 1

06/21/2011 4300 1.5

< 0.50 810 7.6 3.1 6500 5.9 650 430

< 0.10 5.7 22 Watts Bar CRM 15.5 2

6/21/2011 4800 1.6

< 0.50 1100 12 3.8 7400 6.2 720 480

< 0.10 7.8 24 Watts Bar CRM 18.5 1

6/21/2011 10000 6.2

< 0.50 2900 18 8.7 14000 16 1400 1500

< 0.10 14 51 Watts Bar CRM 22.0 1

6/21/2011 11000 4.7

< 0.50 2200 14 8.1 15000 16 1400 1100

< 0.10 12 50 Far-field Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/21/2011 31000 15

< 0.50 24000 32 41 35000 29 4500 3742 0.1 31 110 Melton Hill CRM 24.0 1

6/8/2011 35000 20

< 0.50 20000 31 38 39000 27 3100 3600 0.11 29 120 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/15/2010 43000 18

< 0.50 3500 41 41 45000 28 4100 3100 0.43 33 160 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 2

6/15/2010 44000 18

< 0.50 3600 41 41 46000 28 4100 3100 0.42 32 160 Watts Bar TRM 532.5 1

6/16/2011 43000 20 0.58 3500 49 51 46000 35 3600 2900 0.31 42 160 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/15/2010 37000 23

< 0.50 4200 38 46 37000 28 3800 2600 0.47 34 150 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 2

6/15/2010 38000 24

< 0.50 4000 38 47 37000 28 3700 2700 0.49 34 150 Watts Bar TRM 560.8 1

6/16/2011 37000 22 0.71 3800 39 56 41000 34 3500 2900 0.42 39 160 EPA Region 4 Ecological Screening Values (ESV) for Sediment (2001)1 NA 7.24 1

NA 52.3 18.7 NA 30.2 NA NA 0.13 15.9 124 1 EPA ecological screening values for metals in sediments are provided as a reference only. Since these numbers are based on conservative endpoints and sensitive ecological effects data, they represent a preliminary screening of site contaminant levels. Concentrations that exceed these values are not necessarily above expected background levels for a given region or area.

Source: (Reference 2.3.3-8)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-30 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-9 Field Geochemical Results Well Number Date Geologic Unit Formation pH (standard units)

Specific Conductance

(µS/cm)1 Turbidity (NTU)

Dissolved Oxygen (ppm)

Temperature,

°C (°F)2 REDOX (mv)

Purge Water Appearance OW-101L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell 7.17 620 3.86 0.05 16.5 (61.7)

-152.5 Clear, faint sulfur odor OW-202L3 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member 9.58 978 193.00 5.16 17.0 (62.6)

-116.9 Red, purged dry OW-401L 11/21/2013 Knox Newala 7.78 340 14.30 4.21 19.5 (67.1) 9.7 Clear OW-409U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell 7.10 672 49.70 45.304 17.2 (63.0) 186.2 Clear OW-409L 11/18/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell 7.80 849 25.20 3.31 16.0 (60.8) 30.5 Clear OW-415U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Bowen/Benbolt 7.24 598 122.00 3.61 17.3 (63.1) 75.7 Clear to slightly cloudy OW-416L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell 7.04 694 1.07 0.25 17.4 (63.3)

-188.1 Clear, sulfur odor OW-417L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member 7.21 609 2.55 1.51 16.3 (61.3) 53.4 Clear OW-418U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member 7.47 517 2.84 1.18 18.8 (65.8) 119.8 Clear OW-419U 11/20/2013 Knox Newala 6.97 532 1.27 1.15 16.3 (61.3) 63.0 Clear OW-420L 11/22/2013 Knox Newala 7.56 472 69.90 9.21 17.7 (63.9) 57.5 Clear OW-421L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga/Knox Blackford/Newala 8.00 400 17.50 8.53 17.0 (62.6) 44.3 Clear OW-423U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member 6.99 599 5.82 4.70 16.7 (62.1) 90.6 Clear 1 Specific Conductance in mS/cm converted to Specific Conductance in µS/cm by multiplying by 1000 2 Values rounded to the nearest 0.1°C and the nearest 0.1°F 3 Well purged dry; insufficient water for field parameter testing at time of sampling. Values are last before purged dry.

4 Suspect results - concentration in excess of maximum oxygen saturation value.

Notes: Adapted from (Reference 2.3.3-15) Table 3.2

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-31 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-10 (Sheet 1 of 5)

Laboratory Geochemical Results Well Number Date Geologic Unit Formation Water Type Analytical Error1 Nitrate as N ppm Qualifier2 Nitrite as N ppm Qualifier2 Fluoride ppm Qualifier2 Chloride ppm Qualifier2 Bromide ppm Qualifier2 OW-101L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 0.0054 JQ

<0.020 U

0.22 2.1 0.038 JQ OW-101L Dup 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 3

0.0099 JQ

<0.020 U

0.19 2.1 0.04 JQ OW-202L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Sodium-Bicarbonate

-3.2 0.028

<0.020 UL 7.4 24 0.17 JQ OW-401L 11/21/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 1.4 0.15

<0.020 UL 0.20 JH 1.4

<0.25 U

OW-409U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 0.88

<0.020 UL 0.25 1.8

<0.25 U

OW-409L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Sodium-Bicarbonate 1.1 0.12 0.0052 JQ 0.37 2.2

<0.25 U

OW-415U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Bowen/Benbolt Calcium-Bicarbonate 16 0.90

<0.020 UL 0.13 8.8 0.053 JQ OW-416L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate

-1.7 0.20

<0.020 U

0.39 7.6 0.071 JQ OW-417L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.76

<0.020 U

0.18 2.8 0.048 JQ OW-418U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 0.019 0.68

<0.020 U

0.3 2.7

<0.25 U

OW-419U 11/20/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.0 0.43

<0.020 U

0.16 1.3

<0.25 U

OW-420L 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.1 0.36 J

<0.020 UL 0.31 JH 2.1 J

<0.25 U

OW-420L Dup 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.019 0.25 J

<0.020 UL 0.35 2.6 J

<0.25 U

OW-421L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga/Knox Blackford/Newala Magnesium-Bicarbonate 3.9 1.6

<0.020 UL 0.58 2.6

<0.25 U

OW-423U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 4.1 0.14

<0.020 U

0.090 JQ 2.7

<0.25 U

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-32 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-10 (Sheet 2 of 5)

Laboratory Geochemical Results Well Number Date Geologic Unit Formation Water Type Analytical Error1 Sulfate ppm Bicarbonate ppm3 Total Alkalinity ppm as CaCO3 Bicarbonate Alkalinity ppm as CaCO3 Carbonate Alkalinity ppm as CaCO3 Qualifier2 OW-101L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 42 366 300 300

<5.0 U

OW-101L Dup 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 3

43 354 290 290

<5.0 U

OW-202L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Sodium-Bicarbonate

-3.2 93 732(4) 680 600 78 OW-401L 11/21/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 1.4 6.9 219 180 180

<5.0 U

OW-409U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 83 329 270 270

<5.0 U

OW-409L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Sodium-Bicarbonate 1.1 150 366 300 300

<5.0 U

OW-415U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Bowen/Benbolt Calcium-Bicarbonate 16 36 329 270 270

<5.0 U

OW-416L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate

-1.7 63 366 300 300

<5.0 U

OW-417L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.76 13 390 320 320

<5.0 U

OW-418U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 0.019 20 329 270 270

<5.0 U

OW-419U 11/20/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.0 17 329 270 270

<5.0 U

OW-420L 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.1 14 280 230 230

<5.0 U

OW-420L Dup 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.019 15 293 240 240

<5.0 U

OW-421L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga/Knox Blackford/Newala Magnesium-Bicarbonate 3.9 8.3 256 210 210

<5.0 U

OW-423U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 4.1 24 354 290 290

<5.0 U

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-33 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-10 (Sheet 3 of 5)

Laboratory Geochemical Results Well Number Date Geologic Unit Formation Water Type Analytical Error1 Ammonia ppm Qualifier2 Total Dissolved Solids ppm Calcium ppm Qualifier2 Iron ppm Qualifier2 OW-101L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 0.31 J

370 130 J

0.33 OW-101L Dup 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 3

0.35 J

370 99 J

0.31 OW-202L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Sodium-Bicarbonate

-3.2 0.58 J

1100 23 19 OW-401L 11/21/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 1.4 0.140 J

190 40 0.14 OW-409U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 0.099 J

410 140 0.22 OW-409L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Sodium-Bicarbonate 1.1 0.710 J

520 46 0.068 OW-415U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Bowen/Benbolt Calcium-Bicarbonate 16 0.140 J

370 150 0.39 OW-416L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate

-1.7 0.120 J

420 99 0.072 OW-417L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.76 0.140 J

340 61 0.041 JQ OW-418U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 0.019 0.059 J

300 52 0.055 OW-419U 11/20/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.0 0.140 J

290 72 0.023 JQ OW-420L 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.1 0.110 J

270 59 0.25 OW-420L Dup 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.019 0.140 J

280 59 0.29 OW-421L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga/Knox Blackford/Newala Magnesium-Bicarbonate 3.9

<0.050 UL 230 38 0.23 OW-423U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 4.1 0.083 J

340 99 0.076

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-34 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-10 (Sheet 4 of 5)

Laboratory Geochemical Results Well Number Date Geologic Unit Formation Water Type Analytical Error1 Potassium ppm Magnesium ppm Manganese ppm Sodium ppm Silicon ppm Silica ppm OW-101L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 2.1 23 0.05 7.8 3.9 8.3 OW-101L Dup 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 3

2.1 22 0.048 7.6 4.2 9

OW-202L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Sodium-Bicarbonate

-3.2 14 9.9 0.16 280 82 170 OW-401L 11/21/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 1.4 1.8 22 0.008 0.91 4.7 10 OW-409U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate 12 1.2 23 0.011 4.8 7.6 16 OW-409L 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Sodium-Bicarbonate 1.1 8.1 31 0.017 99 4.6 9.9 OW-415U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Bowen/Benbolt Calcium-Bicarbonate 16 2.4 13 0.046 5.2 7.6 16 OW-416L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Rockdell Calcium-Bicarbonate

-1.7 0.77 13 0.020 29 5

11 OW-417L 11/21/2013 Chickamauga Fleanor Member Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.76 3.4 31 0.021 22 6.1 13 OW-418U 11/20/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 0.019 2.7 19 0.0037 40 8.7 19 OW-419U 11/20/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.0 1.5 29 0.0023 0.91 3.2 6.8 OW-420L 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate 2.1 1.8 26 0.033 1.2 4.2 9

OW-420L Dup 11/22/2013 Knox Newala Calcium-Bicarbonate

-0.019 1.9 26 0.032 1.3 4.4 9.4 OW-421L 11/22/2013 Chickamauga/Knox Blackford/Newala Magnesium-Bicarbonate 3.9 12 27 0.01 12 6

13 OW-423U 11/19/2013 Chickamauga Eidson Member Calcium-Bicarbonate 4.1 1.3 19 0.051 8.7 7.2 15

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-35 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-10 (Sheet 5 of 5)

Laboratory Geochemical Results 1 Analytical error is the difference between the sum of the cations and the sum of the anions divided by the sum of the anions and cations and multiplied by 100% (the anion and cation concentrations are in milliequivalents per liter). The analytical error represents the charge balance error of the analysis.

2 Data Qualifier Definitions:

J = Estimated quantitation based on associated QC data JQ = Estimated quantitation; value is between the reporting limit and the detection limit JH = Estimated quantitation; possibly biased high based on QC data U = Undetected UL = Undetected; data biased low: the reporting detection limit is higher than indicated 3 Bicarbonate concentration determined by dividing the Bicarbonate Alkalinity by 0.8202 (Reference 2.3.3-20) 4 Bicarbonate concentration is suspect due to high sample pH (pH = 9.58)

Notes:

Dup = Duplicate sample Data adapted from (Reference 2.3.3-15) Table 5.13

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-36 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-11 Baseline Range of Field Parameters for Groundwater Baseline Groundwater Conditions Minimum Maximum Temperature, degrees C (degrees F) 8.36 (47.05) 24.44 (75.99)

Oxidation reduction potential (mV)

-19 478 Specific Conductance, Field (umhos/cm) 72.36 4723.2 Oxygen, dissolved (mg/L) 0 13 pH, Field (pH) 5.3 9.7 Turbidity, Field (NTU) 0.9 114 Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-37 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-12 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Detailed Summary - Baseline Range of Field Parameters for Groundwater Baseline Groundwater Conditions Minimum of Temperature, °C

(°F)

Maximum of Temperature, °C

(°F)

Minimum of Oxidation reduction potential (mV)

Maximum of Oxidation reduction potential (mV)

Minimum of Specific Conductance, Field (umhos/cm)

Maximum of Specific Conductance, Field (umhos/cm)

Winter 2013 Upper 8.79 (47.82) 16.23 (61.21) 166 478 341.9 938.1 Lower 8.36 (47.05) 13.7 (56.66)

-19 471 72.36 4425 Deep 11.34 (52.41) 24.1 (75.38) 55 331 414.1 808.3 Spring 2014 Upper 12.03 (53.65) 17 (62.60) 75 414 363 890 Lower 13.19 (55.74) 18.2 (64.76) 47 364 406.1 4338 Deep 15.16 (59.29) 22.37 (72.27) 11 294 408 866.2 Summer 2014 Upper 16.4 (61.52) 24.1 (75.38) 158 469 369 897.7 Lower 17.48 (63.46) 24.44 (75.99) 67 441 109.3 4723.2 Deep 20.74 (69.33) 22 (71.60) 105 255 446 830 Fall 2014 Upper 11.7 (53.06) 17.52 (63.54) 138 418 356 870.9 Lower 14 (57.20) 18.3 (64.94) 36 433 392 4651 Deep 12.64 (54.75) 16.45 (61.61) 9 391 405 731.6 All Samples 8.36 (47.05) 24.44 (75.99)

-19 478 72.36 4723.2

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-38 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-12 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Detailed Summary - Baseline Range of Field Parameters for Groundwater Baseline Groundwater Conditions Minimum of Oxygen, dissolved (mg/L)

Maximum of Oxygen, dissolved (mg/L)

Minimum of pH, Field (pH)

Maximum of pH, Field (pH)

Minimum of Turbidity, Field (NTU)

Maximum of Turbidity, Field (NTU)

Winter 2013 Upper 0.4 8.6 6.1 7.2 0.9 46.2 Lower 1.1 8.4 6.4 8.8 5.8 69.7 Deep 0.4 13 5.6 7.3 7.8 55.9 Spring 2014 Upper 0.1 7.4 6.4 7.3 2.7 68.6 Lower 0.1 7.9 5.3 9.6 9.9 114 Deep 1.7 8.1 6.1 7.4 11.9 20.3 Summer 2014 Upper 0.5 6.3 6.5 7.1 2.2 46.4 Lower 0.9 8.1 6.8 9.7 6.6 56.2 Deep 0

1.4 6.4 6.9 34 87.1 Fall 2014 Upper 0.1 6.1 5.4 7.1 1.9 71 Lower 1.5 6.6 5.9 7.3 8.4 38.1 Deep 1.3 4.5 6

7.3 8.6 18.2 All Samples 0

13 5.3 9.7 0.9 114 Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-39 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-13 Baseline Groundwater Temperatures and Sample Depths Baseline Minimum Temperature,

°C (°F)

Maximum Temperature,

°C (°F)

Average Temperature

°C (°F)

Minimum Sample Depth (m)

Maximum Sample Depth (m)

Average Sample Depth (m)

Winter 2013 Upper 8.79 (47.82) 16.23 (61.21) 11.90 (53.43) 8.76 31.5 18.88315789 Lower 8.36 (47.05) 13.7 (56.66) 11.26 52.27) 35.97 50.3 41.0625 Deep 11.34 (52.41) 24.1 (75.38) 15.65 (60.16) 57.3 80 66.91333333 Spring 2014 Upper 12.03 (53.65) 17.00 (62.60) 14.12 (57.42) 8.76 31.5 18.358 Lower 13.19 (55.74) 18.20 (64.76) 15.24 (59.42) 35.97 50.3 41.188125 Deep 15.16 (59.29) 22.37 (72.27) 18.47 (65.25) 57.3 70.03 64.296 Summer 2014 Upper 16.40 (61.52) 24.1 (75.38) 19.80 (67.64) 8.76 31.5 18.11214286 Lower 17.48 (63.46) 24.44 (75.99) 20.21 (68.37) 35.97 50.3 41.63071429 Deep 20.74 (69.33) 22.00 (71.60) 21.25 (70.24) 57.3 70.03 63.07333333 Fall 2014 Upper 11.70 (53.06) 17.52 (63.54) 15.54 (59.98) 11.8 31.5 19.44 Lower 14.00 (57.20) 18.30 (64.94) 15.72 (60.29) 36 50.3 42.06615385 Deep 12.64 (54.75) 16.45 (61.61) 14.54 (58.17) 57.3 70 64.8 Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-40 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 1 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Temperature, degrees C (degrees F)

NE 8.36 (47.05) 24.44 (75.99)

Oxidation reduction potential (mV)

NE

-19 478 Specific Conductance, Field (umhos/cm)

NE 72.36 4723.2 Oxygen, dissolved (mg/L)

NE 0

13 pH, Field (pH)

NE 5.3 9.7 GW Elevation (m above s/l) (m)

NE 223.81 247.85 Sample Depth (m)

NE 8.8 103.3 Well Depth (m)

NE 5.75 76.28 Water Level Depth (m)

NE 1.18 22.49 Turbidity, Field (NTU)

NE 0.9 114 Anions Bromide (mg/L)

NE 0.079 6.46 Chloride, total (mg/L)

NE 0.811 614 Sulfate, total (mg/L)

NE 3.33 2240 Fluoride, total (mg/L) 4 0.085 14.2 General Chemistry Color (Pt-Co units)

NE 5

50 Chlorine, Total Residual (mg/L)

NE 0.201 0.307 Biological Oxygen Demand (mg/L)

NE 2

291 COD, Low Level (mg/L)

NE 24.1 58.5 pH, Lab (pH)

NE 5.87 9.94 Phenols, total (ug/L)

NE 74 74 Alkalinity, Lab (mg/L)

NE 158 653 TSS (mg/L)

NE 0.8 1570 Oil & Grease (mg/L)

NE 10.7 10.7 Nitrogen, Ammonia (mg/L)

NE 0.076 12 Nitrite + Nitrate (mg/L)

NE 0.035 2.62 Phosphorus, total (mg/L)

NE 0.106 1.68 Carbon, total organic (mg/L)

NE 0.566 6.78 Cyanide, total (mg/L) 0.2 0.004 0.115 Sulfide, total (mg/L)

NE ND ND Methylene Blue Active Sub NE 0

0.205

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-41 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 2 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Metals (total)

Aluminum (mg/L)

NE 0.112 10.4 Antimony (ug/L) 6 ND ND Arsenic, (ug/L) 10 7

7 Barium (ug/L) 2000 12 582 Beryllium (ug/L) 4 1.4 1.4 Boron (ug/L)

NE 25.9 2170 Cadmium (ug/L) 5 0.3 1.2 Calcium (mg/L)

NE 1.2 187 Chromium (ug/L) 100 5.4 11.6 Cobalt (ug/L)

NE 7.4 7.4 Copper (ug/L) 130 14.8 21.7 Iron (ug/L)

NE 33.5 11900 Lead (ug/L) 15 5.5 120 Magnesium (mg/L)

NE 1.72 65.1 Manganese (ug/L)

NE 7.5 902 Molybdenum (ug/L)

NE 0.9 0.9 Nickel (ug/L) 100 4.9 18.8 Potassium (mg/L)

NE 0.873 33.3 Selenium (ug/L) 50 ND ND Silver (ug/L) 100 ND ND Sodium (mg/L)

NE 0.812 1650 Thallium (ug/L) 2 ND ND Tin (ug/L)

NE ND ND Titanium (ug/L)

NE 36.9 36.9 Zinc (ug/L)

NE 33.8 72.9 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity Alpha, total (pCi/L)

NE 2.93 13 Beta, total (pCi/L)

NE 1.13 30.2 Tritium (pCi/L)

NE 284 847 Radium 226, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.108 1.31 Radium 228, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.295 1.06 Strontium 90, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.317 0.428 Technetium 99 (pCi/L)

NE 2.02 8.16

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-42 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 3 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Semivolatile Organic Compounds (ug/L) 1,2,4Trichlorobenzene 70 ND ND 1,2,5,6Dibenzanthracene NE ND ND 1,2Dichlorobenzene NE ND ND 1,2Diphenylhydrazine NE ND ND 1,3Dichlorobenzene NE ND ND 1,4Dichlorobenzene NE ND ND 2,4,6Trichlorophenol NE ND ND 2,4Dichlorophenol NE ND ND 2,4Dimethylphenol NE ND ND 2,4Dinitrophenol NE ND ND 2,4Dinitrotoluene NE ND ND 2,6Dinitrotoluene NE ND ND 2Chloronaphthalene NE ND ND 2Chlorophenol NE ND ND 2Nitrophenol NE ND ND 3,3'Dichlorobenzidine NE ND ND 4Bromophenyl Phenyl Ether NE ND ND 4Chlorophenyl Phenyl Ether NE ND ND 4Nitrophenol NE ND ND Acenaphthene NE ND ND Acenaphthylene NE ND ND Anthracene NE ND ND Benzidine NE ND ND Benzo(a)anthracene NE ND ND Benzo(B)fluoranthene NE ND ND Benzo(ghi)perylene NE ND ND Benzo(K)fluoranthene NE ND ND Benzoapyrene 0.2 ND ND Bis (2-Chloroethoxy) Methylene NE ND ND Bis (2-Chloroisopropyl) Ethylene NE ND ND Bis(2Ethylhexyl) Phthalate NE 6.27 99 Bis(chloromethyl)ether NE ND ND Chrysene NE ND ND Diethyl Phthalate NE ND ND Dimethyl Phthalate NE ND ND

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-43 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 4 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect DinButyl Phthalate NE ND ND DinOctyl Phthalate NE ND ND DNOC (4,6DinitroOrthoCresol)

NE ND ND Fluoranthene NE ND ND Fluorene NE ND ND Hexachlorobenzene 1

ND ND Hexachlorobutadiene NE ND ND Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 50 ND ND Hexachloroethane NE ND ND Indeno (1,2,3-cd)Pyrene NE ND ND Isophorone NE ND ND Naphthalene NE 4

41 NButyl Benzyl Phthalate NE ND ND Nitrobenzene NE ND ND Nitrosodimethylamine, n-NE ND ND Nnitrosodinpropylamine NE ND ND Nnitrosodiphenylamine NE ND ND Parachlorometa Cresol NE ND ND PCP (Pentachlorophenol)

NE ND ND Phenanthrene NE ND ND Phenol(C6H5OH)Single Com NE ND ND Pyrene NE ND ND Volatile Organic Compounds (ug/L) 1,1,1Trichloroethane 200 ND ND 1,1,2,2TetrachloroEthane NE ND ND 1,1,2TrichloroEthane 5

ND ND 1,1Dichloroethane NE ND ND 1,2Dichloroethane 5

ND ND 1,2Dichloroethylene NE ND ND 1,2DichloroPropane 5

ND ND 2ChloroEthyl Vinyl Ether NE ND ND Acrolein NE ND ND Acrylonitrile NE ND ND Benzene, total NE 0.131 5.49 Bromoform NE ND ND Bromomethane NE ND ND

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-44 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 5 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Carbon Tetrachloride 5

ND ND ChloroBenzene 100 ND ND Chlorodibromomethane NE ND ND ChloroEthane NE ND ND Chloroform 80 0.291 4.02 Chloromethane NE ND ND Cis1,3DichloroPropene NE ND ND Dichlorobromomethane (mg/L) 700 ND ND Ethylbenzene 1000 1.46 1.7 Hexane, n-NE 1.81 14 Methylene Chloride NE 0.484 0.484 Tetrachloroethylene NE 0.499 0.499 Toluene NE 0.132 12.6 Trans1,3DichloroPropene NE ND ND Trichloroethylene 5

ND ND Polychlorinated Biphenyl Compounds (PCBs) (ug/L)

PCB1016 NE ND ND PCB1221 NE ND ND PCB1232 NE ND ND PCB1242 NE 0.591 3.88 PCB1248 NE ND ND PCB1254 NE ND ND PCB1260 NE ND ND Organochlorine Pesticides (ug/L) 4,4'DDD NE ND ND 4,4'DDE NE ND ND Aldrin NE ND ND alphaBHC NE ND ND alphaChlordane NE ND ND betaBHC NE 0.0225 0.0225 Chlordane, gamma NE ND ND DDT NE ND ND deltaBHC NE ND ND Dieldrin 2

ND ND Endosulfan I NE ND ND Endosulfan II NE ND ND

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-45 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-14 (Sheet 6 of 6)

Baseline Groundwater Summary Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Endosulfan Sulfate NE ND ND Endrin 2

ND ND Endrin Aldehyde NE ND ND Endrin Ketone NE ND ND gammaBHC (Lindane) 0.2 ND ND Heptachlor 0.4 0.058 0.058 Heptachlor Epoxide 0.2 ND ND Toxaphene 3

ND ND Mercury (ug/L)

Mercury, total 2

ND ND Note:

NE = not established ND = not detected Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-46 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-15 Baseline Groundwater Summary Legacy Contaminants Analyte MCL Number Detects Number Samples Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Maximum Location Maximum Date Nitrite + Nitrate (mg/L)

NE 54 80 0.035 2.62 OW421U December 2013 Arsenic, (ug/L) 10 1

81 7

7 OW42OU April 2014 Barium (ug/L) 2000 73 81 12 582 OW420L December 2013 Cadmium (ug/L) 5 2

81 0.3 1.2 OW42OU April 2014 Chromium (ug/L) 100 5

81 5.4 11.6 OW42OU April 2014 Tritium (pCi/L)

NE 4

81 284 847 OW428D December 2013 Strontium 90, total (pCi/L)

NE 5

81 0.317 0.428 OW416L August 2014 Technetium 99 (pCi/L)

NE 3

80 2.02 8.16 OW401D August 2014 1,1Dichloroethane (ug/L)

NE 0

81 ND ND ND ND Chloroform (ug/L) 80 22 81 0.291 4.02 OW429L April 2014 Tetrachloroethylene (ug/L)

NE 1

81 0.499 0.499 OW42OU April 2014 Trichloroethylene (ug/L) 5 0

81 ND ND ND ND Mercury, total (ug/L) 2 0

81 ND ND ND ND Notes:

NE = Not established ND = not detectable Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-47 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-16 (Sheet 1 of 3)

Baseline Groundwater Summary of Detected Analytes Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Number Detects Temperature, Celsius (degrees C)

NE 8.36 24.44 NA Oxidation reduction potential (mV)

NE

-19 478 NA Specific Conductance, Field (umhos/cm)

NE 72.36 4723.2 NA Oxygen, dissolved (mg/L)

NE 0

13 NA pH, Field (pH)

NE 5.3 9.7 NA GW Elevation (m above s/l) (m)

NE 223.81 247.85 NA Sample Depth (m)

NE 8.8 103.3 NA Well Depth (m)

NE 5.75 76.28 NA Water Level Depth (m)

NE 1.18 22.49 NA Turbidity, Field (NTU)

NE 0.9 114 NA Anions Bromide (mg/L)

NE 0.079 6.46 13 Chloride, total (mg/L)

NE 0.811 614 62 Sulfate, total (mg/L)

NE 3.33 2240 77 Fluoride, total (mg/L) 4 0.085 14.2 77 General Chemistry Color (Pt-Co units)

NE 5

50 63 Chlorine, Total Residual (mg/L)

NE 0.201 0.307 2

Biological Oxygen Demand (mg/L)

NE 2

291 32 COD, Low Level (mg/L)

NE 24.1 58.5 9

pH, Lab (pH)

NE 5.87 9.94 78 Phenols, total (ug/L)

NE 74 74 1

Alkalinity, Lab (mg/L)

NE 158 653 81 TSS (mg/L)

NE 0.8 1570 76 Oil & Grease (mg/L)

NE 10.7 10.7 1

Nitrogen, Ammonia (mg/L)

NE 0.076 12 56 Nitrite + Nitrate (mg/L)

NE 0.035 2.62 54 Phosphorus, total (mg/L)

NE 0.106 1.68 22 Carbon, total organic (mg/L)

NE 0.566 6.78 57 Cyanide, total (mg/L) 0.2 0.004 0.115 8

Methylene Blue Active Sub NE 0

0.205 21

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-48 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-16 (Sheet 2 of 3)

Baseline Groundwater Summary of Detected Analytes Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Number Detects Metals (total)

Aluminum (mg/L)

NE 0.112 10.4 45 Arsenic, (ug/L) 10 7

7 1

Barium (ug/L) 2000 12 582 73 Beryllium (ug/L) 4 1.4 1.4 1

Boron (ug/L)

NE 25.9 2170 38 Cadmium (ug/L) 5 0.3 1.2 2

Calcium (mg/L)

NE 1.2 187 81 Chromium (ug/L) 100 5.4 11.6 5

Cobalt (ug/L)

NE 7.4 7.4 1

Copper (ug/L) 130 14.8 21.7 2

Iron (ug/L)

NE 33.5 11900 43 Lead (ug/L) 15 5.5 120 3

Magnesium (mg/L)

NE 1.72 65.1 76 Manganese (ug/L)

NE 7.5 902 30 Molybdenum (ug/L)

NE 0.9 0.9 1

Nickel (ug/L) 100 4.9 18.8 2

Potassium (mg/L)

NE 0.873 33.3 71 Sodium (mg/L)

NE 0.812 1650 71 Titanium (ug/L)

NE 36.9 36.9 1

Zinc (ug/L)

NE 33.8 72.9 2

Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity Alpha, total (pCi/L)

NE 2.93 13 22 Beta, total (pCi/L)

NE 1.13 30.2 45 Tritium (pCi/L)

NE 284 847 4

Radium 226, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.108 1.31 41 Radium 228, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.295 1.06 11 Strontium 90, total (pCi/L)

NE 0.317 0.428 5

Technetium 99 (pCi/L)

NE 2.02 8.16 3

Semivolatile Organic Compounds (ug/L)

Bis(2Ethylhexyl) Phthalate NE 6.27 99 21 Naphthalene NE 4

41 4

Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report 2.3.3-49 Revision 1 Table 2.3.3-16 (Sheet 3 of 3)

Baseline Groundwater Summary of Detected Analytes Analyte MCL Minimum Detect Maximum Detect Number Detects Volatile Organic Compounds (ug/L)

Benzene, total NE 0.131 5.49 7

Chloroform 80 0.291 4.02 22 Ethylbenzene 1000 1.46 1.7 2

Hexane, n-NE 1.81 14 3

Methylene Chloride NE 0.484 0.484 1

Tetrachloroethylene NE 0.499 0.499 1

Toluene NE 0.132 12.6 10 Polychlorinated Biphenyl Compounds (PCBs) (ug/L)

PCB1242 NE 0.591 3.88 4

Organochlorine Pesticides (ug/L) betaBHC NE 0.0225 0.0225 1

Heptachlor 0.4 0.058 0.058 1

Notes:

NE = Not established NA = Not available Source: (Reference 2.3.3-18)

2.3.3-50 Revision 1 Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report Figure 2.3.3-1.

CRN Site Surface Water Monitoring Locations E

E E

161 kV Transmission Line 500 kV Transmission Line C H E S T N U T R I D G E Grassy Creek P05 P04 P01 P02 P06 P03 Barge/Traffic Area Water Tank Rd Whiteoak Lake Clinch River arm of the Watts Bar Reservoir Jones Island Rd CRS1 CRS6 CRS3 CRS2 CRS8 CRS11 CRS12 CRS10 CRS9 CRM 19.7 CRM 22.0 CRM 18.5 CRM 15.5 I-40 Buttermilk Rd W Bear Creek Rd TN 58 Oak Ridge Tpke Blackburn Ln New Zion Patrol Rd Speers Rd Smith Rd Gallaher Rd Fiddlers Ln Tucker Ln Moore Ridge Rd Smith Waller Ln Pawnook Farm Rd I-40 Paw p

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8 0

1080 840 8

6 0

760 8

4 0

960 9

4 0

840 9

60 1

0 4

0 9

0 0

9 6

0 820 8

2 0

1180 8

6 0

1 0

4 0

8 4

0 9

8 0

9 00 1

0 6

0 920 9

4 0

800 1

0 40 8

2 0

8 2

0 920 860 1

1 0

0 8

4 0

9 2

0 8

2 0

1 1

0 0

9 4

0 8

2 0

800 1000 960 1

1 2

0 8

00 8

2 0

9 8

0 9

8 0

900 1

14 0

840 10 0

0 8

20 1000 9

6 0

9 8

0 8

0 0

1 0

8 0

8 80 1

1 2

0 8

4 0

1040 9

0 0

1060 1

0 2

0 1000 840 9

0 0

800 9

4 0

1 02 0

840 9

40 8

0 0

8 8

0 8

8 0

9 2

0 840 8

6 0

9 40 820 8

2 0

1 0

0 0

860 90 0

8 8

0 8

8 0

980 7

6 0

1 02 0

9 60 8

8 0

94 0

9 2

0 820 92 0

1 0

8 0

9 6

0 76 0

8 4

0 9

6 0

1 0

6 0

760 860 9

2 0

9 00 1

1 2

0 9

4 0

820 9

2 0

7 8

0 9

40 8

8 0

0 9

8 0

840 860 900 9

8 0

10 4

0 11 60 8

6 0

8 4

0 8

40 7

6 0

1 0

00 84 0

9 0

0 8

4 0

9 8

0 98 0

900 8

6 0

9 4

0 8

6 0

880 8

0 0

8 6

0 8

8 0

8 8

0 1

0 2

0 8

6 0

9 0

0 820 1100 1020 9

2 0

840 7

6 0

9 6

0 1

0 20 840 1

0 0

0 860 1

0 8

0 11 4

0 8

6 0

8 0

0 9

0 0

840 9

6 0

9 00 800 96 0

86 0

9 0

0 9

4 0

7 6

0 8

40 8

2 0

8 2

0 860 8

0 0

9 0

0 8

2 0

7 8

0 8

8 0

9 4

0 1

0 4

0 7

8 0

8 8

0 8

0 0

1 0

2 0

8 6

0 9

0 0

9 4

0 920 780 8

8 0

7 8

0 800 8

0 0

8 6

0 8

8 0

1 00 0

760 8

6 0

9 4

0 1

1 2

0 9

6 0

9 40 1

0 2

0 9

2 0

8 2

0 780 780 8

4 0

1 0

20 1

0 0

0 860 9

4 0

780 110 0

92 0

920 9

6 0

1060 9

2 0

9 2

0 1

0 8

00 8

0 0

92 0

8 8

0 780 8

6 0

8 2

0 8

8 0

840 9

8 0

1 0

6 0

9 00 9

0 0

840 9

80 8

4 0

1000 7

8 0

10 4

0 8

2 0

8 8

0 840 9

4 0

9 6

0 8

2 0

940 10 0

0 1

0 0

0 7

8 0

8 8

0 9

2 0

9 40 1

0 4

0 9

6 0

980 8

00 1100 86 0

7 8

0 9

8 0

9 2

0 820 800 7

80 7

8 0

10 00 780 1

0 0

0 9

4 0

7 8

0 880 1

1 2

0 1100 86 0

9 6

0 10 2

0 8

2 0

9 4

0 96 0

8 4

0 9

80 840 8

40 8

20 7

6 0

8 6

0 1

0 6

0 1

00 0

1 0

00 1

0 80 88 0

8 80 7

6 0

9 2

0 8

4 0

98 0

86 0

1 02 0

8 0

0 9

40 8

6 0

1 1

0 0

840 860 10 4

0 9

6 0

9 80 U

V 95 U

2,000 4,000 Feet Source: Hydrology, ESRI USA Water Body Types; Contours, USGS National Elevation Dataset 2014; Roads, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division and ESRI USA Major Highways Legend Interstate Highway Major Road Local Roads 20' Contour Lines Transmission Line CRN Site Barge/Traffic Area E

Clinch River Mile (CRM)

Biological Monitoring Program Sample Locations Pond Rivers and Lakes Pre-Application Monitoring Sample Locations

2.3.3-51 Revision 1 Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report Sources: (Reference 2.3.2-15; Reference 2.3.2-16)

Figure 2.3.3-2.

Piper Trilinear Diagram

2.3.3-52 Revision 1 Clinch River Nuclear Site Early Site Permit Application Part 3, Environmental Report Adapted from: (Reference 2.3.2-17)

Figure 2.3.3-3.

ORR Groundwater Contamination Map

ML19030A378

Text

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