ML18331A317

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EDF-797, Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage
ML18331A317
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Site: 07200020
Issue date: 03/01/1999
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Idaho National Engineering & Environmental Lab (INEEL)
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INELFORM l ~~sr~'i\\mNT MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM (DMCS) L-0412.15# -, 1 4 1 ij *. DOCUMENT APPROVAL SHEET (08 Rev. #00) Document Type: ED!,.A\\..~,sr ~~o/ Document Identifier: EDF-797

Title:

~l*o~ Water lnS!:ess Into~cl ~rage A. J. Palmer.ttfy0J.. Author: ( 2/2'2_ /~j Phone: 6-8700 r I Document Owner: J. 0. Carlson Phone: 6-3740 REVIEW CONCURRENCE AND APPROVAL SIGNATURES Denote R for review concurrence, A for approval, as appropriate Type or printed name RIA Date Organization Mailing Address Discipline Signature _JI/; 3' vf /J ;;v-& "-1-- A 6310 3114 f/tr Project Management Q))_~/!--_ (Requester) / A 4170 3898 CM rJcoJ-i'S Chemical and Environmental Engineering ?"\\ I

  • 1 3-1-91 (Independent Verification)

( ;;/)J/i[njjJ) A 4170 3885 (;rttti -l Nuclear Engineering L. 1-/aw/::e.> (Independent Verification -Thermal Analysis) )11. I. it.""'~ 3*-/-11 A 41AO 3760 Specialty Engineering and R. f) ~ ~01c-i:;s Science (Checker) Pi. fl. -i tturleJA/ 3 <?'1 Released by LMITCO Document Control, t:.. , ?n, "-~A_~~).~~ 3/~/99.

SUMMARY

Canisters containing the TMI-2 core debris are currently stored at TAN at the INEEL. These canisters are to be vacuum dried, placed in Dry Shielded Canisters (DSCs) and shipped to INTEC where they will be stored in horizontal storage modules. At INTEC the DSCs will be vented and a certain amount of atmospheric moisture will enter the canisters. To establish limits for criticality calculations and for a general understanding of the storage environment, it is desirable to determine a bound on the amount of atmospheric moisture that could enter the DSCs (and hence the canisters) during storage. This EDF shows that no more than 10.3 kg of water could enter a DSC during a 40 year storage period. The calculations were based on conservative assumptions. The most significant of which is that any water vapor entering a DSC remains there. The DSCs are assumed to be perfect water traps.

CONTENTS

Background

Assumptions Mechanisms for Water to Enter the DSCs Bulk Air Exchange with the Outside Environment Daily Atmospheric Pressure Variation Wind Gusting. Temperature Variation DSC Purging. Diffusion of Water Vapor Total Water. Conservatism of the Calculations References Appendix A - Analysis Plan Appendix B - Thermal Analysis Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P.2111 3 3 3 3 3 4 6 7 8 10 10 11 Part 1: Development of Parameters for Finite Element Analysis and FE Analysis with COSMO SIM Part 2: ABAQUS Thermal Analysis Appendix C - Diffusion Calculations from Safety Analysis Report for the INEL TMI-2 Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation, Rev. 0, Appendix C. Appendix D - Information on Wind Gusting from NOAA Appendix E - Vendor Data on HEPA Filters

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P.3/11 WATER INGRESS INTO TMI DSCs DURING STORAGE

Background

Canisters containing the TMI-2 core debris are currently stored at TAN. These canisters are to be vacuum dried, placed in Dry Shielded Canisters (DSCs) and shipped to INTEC where they will be stored in horizontal storage modules [I]. At INTEC the DSCs will be vented and a certain amount of atmospheric moisture will enter the canisters. To establish limits for criticality calculations and for a general understanding of the storage environment, it is desirable to determine a bound on the amount of atmospheric moisture that could enter the DSCs (and hence the canisters) during storage. This EDF presents those bounding calculations. Assumptions I. Although the initial storage license period is for 20 years, calculations will be made for a storage period of 40 years.

2. In general, climatic conditions will be based on annual averages with a few exceptions in which the average for the worst case month will be used.
3. It is assumed that any water vapor entering a DSC remains in the DSC. For example, if a quantity of air enters a DSC and then exhausts from, say, a barometric pressure cycle or a wind gust, none of the water vapor transported in is assumed to leave when the air is exhausted. This is a very conservative assumption in that it implies that the air within the interior stays perfectly dry regardless of how much water has entered over the years. This assumption is made in order to avoid the difficulty of determining an equilibrium moisture content of the DSC air.

Mechanisms for Water to Enter the DSCs Two mechanisms have been identified by which atmospheric water can enter the DSCs: (I) by bulk air exchange between the DSC and outside environment, and (2) by diffusion of water vapor from the outside environment through the vent ports and into the DSC. Other methods of ingress such as liquid water entry from driving rain or blowing snow are specifically precluded by means of the storage system design [I, p. 3.3-4]. Bulk Air Exchange with the Outside Environment Four means have been identified by which bulk air may be exchanged with the outside environment: (1) from daily atmospheric pressure variations, (2) from pressure pulses caused by wind gusts, (3) from daily temperature variations within the DSC, and ( 4) during DSC purging and/or filter changeout. Daily Atmospheric Pressure Variation According to [2, p. 98] the average daily pressure variation at the INEEL is 0.15" Hg, or about 0.6% of the average atmospheric pressure of25.06" Hg. As a result of this pressure variation, on average, a quantity of air equal to approximately 0.6% of the DSCs' free volume is taken in and

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P. 4/11 discharged each day. The average annual moisture concentration for the INEEL is 2.9 grams water per kilogram of air [2, p. 92] (this measure is also called the "mixing ratio"). With this information the amount of water entering a DSC each day due to atmospheric pressure variations may be calculated. DSC Internal Volume (conservatively neglect volume occupied by DSC basket structure and TMI canisters): DSC Vol= Area*Length DSC Vol= ((66 in)2*7t/4)*151 in* ft:3/1728 in3 = 299 ft3 (use 300 ft3). So 0.6% of the DSC vol is, 300 ft3 *.006 = 1.8 ft3. The average density of air at the INEEL is 1.06E-06 kg/cm3 [2, p. 98]. The amount of water vapor entering a DSC each day is, Daily water= (1.8 ft3/day*l.06E-06 kg air/cm3)*(2.9 g water/I kg air)*(2.832E+04 cm3/ft3) Daily water=.157 g/day. Over 40 years this amounts to, Over 40 years=.157 g/day

  • 365 day/yr* 40 yr= 4380 g (2.29 kg or 5.04 lbs).

Note that these calculations are very conservative in that they assume any water entering a DSC when it breathes in stays there. When the DSC breathes out each day the outgoing air is assumed perfectly dry. It's a one-way system. Wind Gusting Wind impinging on the door of the HSM will transfer pressure variations into the HSM which will also be felt by the DSC. An exact calculation of the magnitude and frequency of these pressure pulses would be an extremely complicated endeavor in that they depend not only on wind speed and direction but the relatively complicated geometry of the HSM and DSC assembly. As a reasonable and conservative approximation the following simplifications are made.

1. All wind gusts will be assumed to impinge normally against the HSM door and the full velocity head pressure will be used to calculate pressure variations in the DSC. This is very conservative in that the HSM door, leaks between the HSM panels on the opposite side, and the large HSM volume will tend to damp out much of the pressure change.
2.

Only gusts ofrelatively high magnitude (10 l\\1PH or greater) and relatively low frequency are considered. For gusts oflower magnitude and higher frequency the one way assumption for

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P.5/11 water vapor exchange becomes completely invalid. Specifically, for gusts of low magnitude and high frequency-an equilibrium state is reached, where the water vapor concentration immediately inside the DSC HEPA filters is equal to the outside environment. Under these conditions, as air is exchanged back and forth between the DSC and outside environment the net moisture ingress is negligible. Data to support these calculations was requested from the INEEL National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) organization and is attached in Appendix D. The data was divided into two sets. Wind gusts 10 MPH or greater above the mean wind speed and wind gusts 20 MPH or greater above the mean wind speed. The velocity head pressure created by these gusts may be determined by the following equation (simplified Bernoulli equation). Af> = p*v2/(g,; *144*2)

Where, p =air density (.066 lbm/ft3 [1.06E-06 kg/cm3])

v = velocity in ft/sec Af> = pressure change in psi ~ = gravitational constant (32.2 ft*lbm/lbf*sec2) There were 3 3 8 days/year with wind speeds of at least 10 MPH. The mean wind speed on these days was 9. 7 MPH and there were 9. 64 gusts of greater than 10 MPH over the mean wind speed per day. Assume these gusts had a speed of 15 MPH for a total wind speed of9.7 + 15 = 24.7 MPH. The change in pressure due to each gust is therefore, v = 24.7 mile/hr* 5280ft/mile

  • 3600 sec/hr= 36.2 ft/sec Af> =.066 lbm/ft3(36.2 ft/sec)2/(32.2ft*lbm/lbf*sec2*144 in2/ft2*2) =.0093 psi The mean atmospheric pressure at the INEEL is 12.3 psi so this represents.093/12.3 =

.00076 of an atmosphere. Given a DSC volume of300 ft3 this represents an air exchange of, 300 ft3 *.00076 =.228 ft3. This occurs on average 9. 64 times per day for a daily exchange of, .228 ft3

  • 9.64 = 2.20 ft3 Using the same calculation as the previous section, the amount of moisture entering each day is, Daily water= (2.2 ft3/day*l.06E-06 kg air/cm3)*(2.9 g water/I kg air)*(2.832E+04 cm3/ft3)

Daily water=.19 g/day. Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P. 6/11 Over 40 years this amounts to (recall this occurred in only 338 days of the year), Over 40 years=.19 g/day

  • 338 day/yr* 40 yr= 2.580 g (2.58 kg or 5.68 lbs).

There were 183 days/year that had wind speeds of 20 MPH or more. The mean wind speed on these days was 11. 9 MPH and there were.14 gusts/day of greater than 20 MPH over the mean wind speed. Assume these gusts had a speed of25 MPH for a total wind speed of 11.9 + 25 = 36.9MPH. The change in pressure due to each gust is therefore, v = 36.9 mile/hr

  • 5280ft/mile
  • 3600 sec/hr= 54.1 ft/sec Af> =.066 lbm/fl:3(54.1 ft/sec)2/(32.2 ft*lbm/lbf*sec2*144 in2/fl:2*2) =.021 psi This is.021/12.3 =.00169 of an atmosphere. Given a DSC volume of300 ft3 this represents an air exchange of, 300 ft3 *.00164 =.508 ft3.

This occurs on average. 14 times per day for a daily exchange of, .493 ft3 *.14 =.071 ft3 Using the same calculation as the previous section the amount of moisture entering each day is, Daily water= (.071 ft3/day*.066 lb air/ft3)*(2.9 g water/I kg air)*(l kg/2.2 lb) Daily water=.0062 g/day. Over 40 years this amounts to (recall this occurred in only 183 days of the year), Over 40 years=.0062 g/day

  • 183 day/yr* 40 yr= 45.3 g (.045 kg or.100 lbs).

The total for both the 10 and 20 MPH wind gusts is, 2.58 kg+.045 kg= 2.63 kg Temperature Variation According to the ideal gas law, when a fixed volume of gas is subject to a temperature change, either the gas pressure or mass must change by an equal fraction. Since the DSCs are vented, temperature changes will result in a mass exchange with the external environment. To calculate a bounding value for the average daily temperature change a DSC might experience, a simplified thermal model was constructed (see Appendix B).

Key inputs to the model were as follows. Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P. 7111

1. Daily air temperature variation: 3 8 F (characteristic of July, the worst case month of the

.. year) [2, p. 55]

2. Daily solar insolation: 2520 BTU/ft2 (681 ly) day and -276 BTU/ft2 (-75 ly) night (also characteristic of July) [2, pp. 94, 96)]

According to the results obtained from this model, a temperature variation of 1 °F is a conservative estimate of the daily temperature variation within a DSC. Using the ideal gas law, the volume exchange required to accommodate this temperature change is (use the INEEL mean temperature of 43° F [2, p. 92]), Vol= 300 ft3*[(504R/503R}-l] =.60 ft:3. Using the concentration of water vapor as identified above we obtain the following for the amount of water vapor entering each day, Daily water= (.60 ft3/day*.066 lb air/ft3)*(2.9 g water/I kg air)*(l kg/2.2 lb) Daily water=.052 g/day. Over 40 years this amounts to, Over 40 years=.052 g/day

  • 365 day/yr* 40 yr= 762 g (.76 kg or 1.68 lbs).

The calculations are conservative in that the daily temperature variation averaged over a year is 30 °F and the average daily solar insolation is only 1500 BTU/ft2. Also, the assumption of a one-way system with no water vapor ever leaving a DSC was again employed. DSC Purging If the hydrogen concentration within a DSC reaches a limit of.5% the DSC must be purged [l, p.10.4-1]. The purging could be done with bottled air, inert gas, or atmospheric air. If bottled air or inert gas were used the amount of water vapor entering a DSC during this process would be virtually nil. However, if atmospheric air is used a measurable quantity of water vapor will be

  • introduced.

One method for purging a DSC with atmospheric air would be to sweep the interior with several air changes. As this air passed through the DSC there would be very little opportunity for moisture to be removed from it. It would pass through fairly rapidly and it would be a rare occasion when the dew point exceeded the DSC internal temperature in view of the fact that the highest dew point, which occurs in July, is only 33.5 °F. However, at the end of the process, the DSC would be left with a full volume of new air. The same amount of new air would be introduced if a vacuum were pulled on the DSC and then atmospheric air was used to refill.

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P. 8/11 The amount of water in one DSC volume is calculated as follows. Water/DSC volume= (300 ft:3/vol*.066 lb air/ft:3)*(2.9 g water/1 kg air)*(l kg/2.2 lb) Water/DSC volume = 26 g/vol. Because of the very low level of dryness of the core debris, the TMI DSCs are expected to be purged rarely, if ever. Conservatively assume that any one DSC would be purged with fresh air at most 10 times during a 40 year storage period. Over 40 years= 10 vol* 26 g/vol = 260g (.26 kg or.57 lbs). Diffusion of Water Vapor Water vapor will be transported into the DSCs by diffusion anytime the outside mixing ratio is greater than the mixing ratio inside the DSCs. The one dimensional diffusion equation is as follows. Q=A*D*~C/L Eq. 1

Where, Q =flow in moles/sec A = cross sectional area of passageway ( cm2)

D =diffusion coefficient for water vapor into air (.246 cm2/sec @20C [3]) ~C =concentration gradient in moles/cm3 L =length of passageway (cm) The passageway in this case is a combination of the vent and purge ports. An equivalent diameter and length for the vent port was calculated in [1, pp. C.12-C.15, (attached)] to be 5 inch dia x 13.88 inch long. Ofthis equivalent length, 3.65 inches represented the four HEPA filters. The HEPA filters used in the SAR calculations had a hydrogen diffusivity of9.34E-S mole/sec/mole fraction while the filters actually used on the system have a diffusivity of 13.0E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction1. For the calculations in the SAR using the lower figure is conservative, however for these calculations the higher figure must be used. The correct equivalent length may be found by taking a ratio of the two diffusivities (note that a higher diffusivity value indicates a reduced resistance and hence a shorter length). Filter Eqv Length= 3.65 in (9.34E-5/13.0E-5) = 2.62 in The overall equivalent length of the vent port is, Vent Eqv Length= 13.88 in - 3.65 in+ 2.62 in= 12.85 in 1 The filter diffusivities quoted are for hydrogen gas. For water vapor the filter diffusivity will be less by the ratio of the diffusion coefficients of water vapor and hydrogen. However, when the passageway equivalent length is calculated, the gas diffusion coefficient again enters the equation and the net effect is that the diffusivity coefficient cancels out, i.e., the equivalent length calculation is independent of gas species.

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P. 9/11 The purge port is considerably more restrictive then the vent port because there is only one filter and the passageways through the shield plug and shield block are much smaller. The SAR gives th,e equivalent length of one filter but this must be adjusted for the higher diffusivity as above. Filter Eqv Length= 14.58 in (9.34E-5/13.0E-5) = 10.48 in The equivalent length through the passageways in the shield plug and shield block on the purge port side are calculated in the table below. Item Len2th (in.) Area Ratio Equiv Len2th (in.) Filter 10.48 Purge port flange bore 2.38 (5/1.88yt 16.8 thru Counter bore in shield 3.63 (5/2.25)2 17.9 plug Threaded length in 1.12 (5/1.9) l 7.75 shield plug Shield block oblong 2.5 25*7t/(4*2.5*4.5) 4.36 area Shield block thru hole 4.0 (5/2.5);. 16 Total length 73.3 Table 1. Equivalent Length of Purge Port Path (Re: TN West Drawings 219-02-1003, Rev.1 and 219-02-1010, Rev. 1) A 3.50 inch diameter tube is welded to the shield block and this tube in tum fits loosely in another tube which traverses the length of the DSC. The fit between the two tubes is not well defined in the version of the drawing currently available and so the resistance due to these two tubes will be conservatively neglected. Even without the additional resistance of these items the purge port is much more restrictive than the vent port as the calculation below demonstrates. The vent port and purge port are parallel paths. The equivalent length of the combination is found in a manner analogous to electrical resistors in parallel. Eqv Length of Vent and Purge Port Combination= (1/12.85in + 1/73.3inr 1 = 10.93 in. In terms ofEq. 1 above, the cross sectional area A is that of a 5 inch ID pipe and the length Lis 10.93 inches. A= (5in}2*7tl4*6.452 cm2/in2 = 126.7 cm2 L = 10.93 in* 2.54 cm/in= 26.76 cm The concentration gradient ~C is determined based on the mixing ratio (water vapor concentration). We use average annual mixing ratio and assume that the mixing ratio within the DSC is 0.0. This establishes the maximum potential for driving moisture from the outside

environment into the DSC internals. Mixing Ratio= 2.9 g water/kg air. Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P.10/11 In terms of gram-moles water vapor per cc of volume this is, Moles water vapor/cc= 2.9 g water/kg air (1.06 kg/1.0E06 cc)*(l mole/18g) Moles water vapor/cc= 1.71E-07 mole/cc Under our assumption that there is no water vapor inside the DSC this is also the concentration

gradient, LiC = 1.71E-07 mole/cc.

Substituting these values back into Eq. 1 we obtain, Q = (126.7 cm2 *.246 cm2/sec *1.71E-07 mole/cc)/27.76 cm= 1.92E-07 mole/sec. In one day this amounts to (in grams of water vapor), Daily water= 1.92E-07 mole/sec *18g/mole

  • 3600 sec/hr* 24hr/day =.30 g/day.

Over 40 years this amounts to, Over 40 years=.30 g/day

  • 365 day/yr* 40 yr= 4380g (4.38 kg or 9.64 lbs).

Total Water The total amount of water that could enter a DSC from all mechanisms is, Daily Atmospheric Pressure Variation Wind Gusting Temperature Variation DSC Purging Diffusion of Water Vapor Total 2.29 kg 2.63 kg 0.76 kg 0.26 kg 4.38 kg 10.32 kg or (22. 73 lb) If this total were divided evenly over each of the 12 canisters in a DSC it would amount to.86 kg or 1.89 lb per canister. Conservatism of the Calculations These calculations are intended to be bounding and many conservative assumptions were employed to make them so. By far the most significant is the assumption that water vapor

Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage EDF-797 P.11/11 exchange between the DSC and outside environment is a one way affair. It is true, that after drying, the core debris-and low density concrete within the TMI canisters will be very hydrophilic and any water vapor entering the canisters will likely be rapidly absorbed. However, the ports into the canisters are quite small and consequently air/water vapor exchange between the DSC interior and the canister interiors is relatively slow. Therefore the air in the DSC will be far from perfectly dry and each time a quantity of air is exhausted from the DSC, some moisture will be exhausted with it. For the same reasons, the concentration gradient for water vapor diffusion will be considerably less than the value calculated herein. References

1.

Safety Analysis Report for the INEL TMI-2 Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation, Rev. 0, NRC Docket No. 72-20, October 1996.

2.

K. L. Clawson, et al., Climatography of the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 2nd Ed., DOE/ID-12118, December 1989.

3.

R. E. Bolz, G. L. Tuve Eds., Handbook of Tables for Applied Engineering Science, 2nd Ed., CRC Press, 1973.

A. B.

c.

D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. APPENDIX A Analysis Plan For Water Ingress Into TMI DSCs During Storage Requester: J. 0. Carlson Performer: A. J. Palmer Deliverables: Evaluation of the maximum amount of water that could enter the Dry Shielded Canisters (DSCs) storing the TMI debris during the 40 years they could potentially be stored at the INEEL. Document in the form of an EDF released through document control. Purpose of Analysis: The TMI canisters are to be dried to a very low level prior to storage in the DSCs. However, the DSCs are to be vented once placed on the storage pad at INTEC. To establish limits for criticality calculations and for a general understanding of the storage environment, it is desirable to place a bound on the amount of atmospheric moisture that could enter the DSCs during storage. Description of Item to Be Analyzed: Dry Shielded Canisters manufactured by Transnuclear West storing the TMI core debris at the INEEL's INTEC facility. These canisters are described in the "SAR for the INEL TMI-2 ISFSI", a copy of which is in the performer's possession. Applicable Documents: SAR for the INEL TMI-2 ISFSI. Documents describing the INEEL climatography available at the INEEL Technical Library. Design Requirements, Operating Conditions, Applicable Codes: No national standards are applicable to this evaluation. The performer is to make a bounding calculation and no effort is to be made to accurately calculate the amount of water that might enter the DSCs during storage. Safety Category & Quality Level: This analysis affects a system rated as "Important to Safety" and is Quality Level 1. Analysis Verification: Line by line calculations checked by competent engineer. Review of methodology and assumptions by a competent engineer other than the performer. Approval by requester. Cost: 80 hrs (including reviews) Schedule: Begin January 27, 1999 - Complete February 25, 1999. Change Control: Signatures equal to those of the original, i.e., performer, checker, independent reviewer, requester. Software Verification: It may not be necessary to use software to perform this analysis. Any software that is used will be verified on a case by case basis to support the specific application using hand calculations or by comparison to known solutions per MCP-2374. This verification will be documented within the EDF as an appendix.

APPENDIX B THERMAL ANALYSIS Part 1 Development of Parameters for Finite Element Analysis And FE Analysis with COSMOS/M Appendix B EDF-797

~-I<~/ Appendix B -___....;;. EDF-797 Thermal Analysis Modeling Assumptions/Strategy

1. Simplified 2-D model 2~ Negligible air exchange into the space between the RSM and DSC. (This is realistic in that there are small openings only on the back side - it is not possible to attain a steady flow.)
3. The DSC will be conservatively assumed to be at a uniform temperature.
4. No account will be made for the small amount of heat generated by the fuel debris in the canisters. Since this heat load is constant it will not affect the daily temperature swing. It will only slightly increase the equilibrium temperature of the system.

Note that a "conservative assumption" in this analysis is one which will tend to produce a greater daily temperature variation. Hence the assumption that the DSC is an object with very high conductivity is conservative in that this will neglect any thermal resistance the DSC shell might have offered. Other assumptions/simplifications will be identified in the development of the model. The basic thermal model is shown below. Specific parameters are calculated in the pages that follow. (For dimensions reference TN West Drawings 219-02-1002, Rev. 1, 219-02-5103, Rev. 0, 219-02-5104, Rev. 0, and 219-02-5107, Rev. 0.) Ambient Air Convection (Close placement of HSMs prevents insolation on this surface) HSM concrete Solar Load & Convection // Air DSC Insulate boundary of symmetry and basematinterface

I "v I -,,_., C,. Appendix B 1 EDF-797 Thermal properties for concrete (all from ASHRAE, 1985 Fundamentals, p. 23.8): Conductivity= 12. BTU*in/(hr*fl:2*F)

  • ft/12in = 1.0 BTU/(hr*ft*F)

Density = 140 lb/ft3 Thermal Capacitance=.22 BTU/(lb*F) Thermal Properties for DSC: The actual DSCs are of quite complicated geometry with internal baskets and 12 TMI canisters having varying material properties. This complicated geometry is conservatively simplified to a uniform cross section of very conductive material. The total thermal capacitance of this assembly is calculated and distributed uniformly over the cross section. (For dimensions reference TN West Drawings 219-02-1000, Rev. 1, 219-02-1001, Rev. 1, 219-02-1002, Rev. 1.) Conductivity The intention here is to use a value high enough that there will be almost no gradient in the DSC but not so high that it causes numerical problems in the FE solution. Conductivity= 1000 BTU/(hr*ft*F) Density The density is calculated by taking the weight of the DSC basket and shell plus the weight of the empty canisters not including contents and dividing by the DSC volume. The canister contents are neglected because many of the canisters have a layer of very insulative low density concrete between the shell and contents which will tend to thermally decouple the contents from the shell. However, it is reasonable and conservative to assume that the canister shell temperatures are fairly close to the DSC shell and basket temperatures. Weight of basket and shell excluding end pieces: Spacer discs Shell 7t/4[65.56in)2- (14.5in)2*12]*1.25in*.28lb/in3 = 488 lbs

  • 8 discs= 3904 lbs 67.19in*7t*.625in*163.5in*.28lb/ in3 = 6040 lb Empty canisters (use knockout canisters, SAR p. 3.1-7) 1046 lb*12 = 12,552 lbs

J\\ !' ( Appendix B ' *~ '-' EDF-797 Total weight of shell, basket, and canisters 3904 lb+ 6040 lb+ 12,552 lb= 22,496 lb (use 22,500 lb) DSC volume 1t/4[(67.19in}2*163.5in]ft3/1728in3 = 335 ft3 (This is the "outside volume" of the DSC so it is somewhat larger than the 300 ft3 "inner free volume" calculated in the body ofthis EDF. The "inner free volume" was very conservative in that it completely neglected the canisters and their contents.) Density of DSC Density= 22,500 lb/335 ft= 67 lb/ft3 Thermal Capacitance The DSC shell and basket are carbon steel while the TMI canisters are stainless steel. The capacitance of carbon steel is 434 J/kg*K while that for stainless steel is 477 J/kg*K (both from Incropera & Dewitt, Introduction to Heat Transfer, pp. 670, 671). Since there is somewhat more stainless steel than carbon steel use a value of 460 J/kg*K. Thermal Capacitance= 460 J/kg*K *(2.39E-04 BTU/lb*F)/(J/kg*K) =.11 BTU/lb*F Thermal Properties for Air Between DSC and HSM: In this simplified conservative model the film coefficients between the HSM and the air and the air and the DSC are neglected. Preliminary work indicated that these film coefficients are equivalent to only about a half inch of concrete each and so it was clear that the HSM concrete would totally dominate the model. So the air is treated as very conductive material that effectively transfers heat from the HSM to the DSC with essentially no resistance (i.e., the air, the DSC, and the inner surface of the HSM will be nearly the same temperature). Conductivity The intention here is to use a value high enough that there will be almost no gradient between the HSM and DSC but not so high that it causes numerical problems in the FE solution. Conductivity = 1000 BTU/(hr*ft*F) Density Density=.076 lb/ft3 (density of air at STP}

Thermal Capacitance Thermal Capacitance =.24 BTU/lb*F (Cp of air at STP) Outside Air Thermal Properties Convection Coefficient .5 I~ **- Appendix B I -~ ~ EDF-797 The maximum temperature variation takes place in the summer and according to ASHRAE Fundamentals, p. 23.3, a convection coefficient of 4 BTU/hr*ft:2*F is typical for this season. This should be fairly conservative because the HSMs are placed relatively close together which will block most of the wind against the side walls. Convection Coefficient = 4 BTU/hr*ft:2*F Ambient Temperature According [2, p. 55] the month with the maximum temperature variation between night and day is July. The average maximum temperature for this month is 87F and the average minimum is 49F. The time variation of temperatures throughout the day is not defined in [2], so it was necessary to construct a curve based on conservative estimates. Conservative in this case is to allow the temperature to dwell at the extremes for a fairly long period of time. In the time curve table that follows, hour 0.0 corresponds to 5:00am which is taken as the beginning of the first day.

(- / ~I Appendix B /.,S~ EDF-797 Hour Temperature (F) 0

49.

2 60 4 70 6 80 8 87 12 85 14 80 16 70 18 65 20 55 24 49 26 60 28 70 30 80 32 87 36 85 38 80 40 70 42 65 Table B.1 (It is necessary to run the thermal model for more than 24 hrs because of the large amount of lag in the system.) Solar lnsolation According to [2, p. 94, 96] the total daily insolation on a clear day in July is 681 ly (2510 BTU/fl:2) and -75 ly (-276 BTU/ft2) during the night time hours. It is reasonable to assume that the day time insolation is distributed approximately sinusoidally during the 15 hrs of day light during July. The time curve for the day time insolation may be calculated as follows. f. 15 ASin(~)dt=l510BTU 15 ft2 0 Where A equals the peak insolation value achieved during the day. Performing the integration we obtain, 2*A*15/p = 2510 A= 264 BTU/hr*ft2

And the time curve forthe insolation during day light hours is, Insolation = (264 BTU/hr*fl:2)*Sin(7t*t/15). (where tis in hours) Appendix B / -::._,z EDF-797 During the night time hours the DSC roof surface radiates to the night sky and as mentioned above this averages about -276 BTU/ft2 per night or about -31 BTU/ft2 per hour during the 9 hours of darkness. Using the sinusoidal equation and the night time average, a table appropriate for input into the thermal analysis program was developed. Again hour 0. 0 is assumed to begin at 5:00am on the first day. Hour Heat Flux BTU/hr*ft2 0 0 1 55 2 107 4 196 6 251 8 263 10 229 12 155 14 55 15 0 16 -31 24 -31 25 55 26 107 28 196 30 251 32 263 34 229 36 155 38 55 40 -31 42 -31 TableB.2 Initial Temperature The initial temperature has a significant effect on the temperature variation seen in a single day. If it is picked too low the temperature will rise a larger amount than would be the case if the system were in "equilibrium" with the environment. Several initial temperatures were used beginning with 65F.

Material Properties and Boundary Conditions Summary Hen-~ ti:...x AwJ:;;;~ f+;*rT~p ~~ --:-o.-6~~ B. I Results (I 1-.50 :a:L; '><A) ~ T a..-h ! e. '5. 2... ~, IZ.17 {;./2.~ iZ... 17 .... -~- -

5. 1.., c r; "2 '4-a.*'--_-, I I** ~ 1

// / / l)SC-k'= ICY::C> /J = f,.,7 C:: - L' I*, I / 2, z Appendix~ -/3--c:_* EDF-797 Figures B.1, B.2, and B.3 show time history plots of a node in the center of the DSC for initial conditions of 65F, 70F, and 75F respectively. Clearly 65F and 70F are well below the "equilibrium" temperatures of this system for the boundary conditions applied. The symmetry of the plot for an initial condition of 75F indicates that this is fairly close to the equilibrium temperature for the system. In this plot the daily temperature swing is a little less than IF. The input deck information for the COSMOS model follows the three temperature curves.

,____ I Appendix~ / _ *s ~ EDF-797 Software Code Validation COSMOS!M Version 2.0, the finite element code used to run this model, has not completed verification and validation. To support the analysis performed herein, an equivalent model was run on ABAQUS, a code that has been validated at the INEEL. The ABAQUS model is included as Part 2 of this Appendix B.

66.974

66. 744 66.513 66.282 65.821 GeoStar 2.0 (64K Version) dsc3

[Main] Appendix B EDF-797

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:-------------*r * -----------* r* -----------*

r * ------------:------ ------*r * ------------{------------**r ** ----------1--------------: I t I I I I I O I 0 0 I

*1*------------*r*------------1--------------r*------------1-- ----------r-------------1--------------r-------------1---*----------:

t I I I I I I I I I I I I I I GUS! ------------r*-----------~------------r*-----------~------------ r------------r*------------r**----------r*---------*-r*----------*:

65. 36 ****- ---**** -~---******* - ---~ ****-****-* ** 1******........ ;....... -----~-------*** -. -*r-******-*** --~-.... -----****; ************* :--****-*******:

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12. 7?5 21.125 29.475 37.825 TIME

71.392 71.236 71.&81 75.926 7'11. 77 T E ~.615 7'11.46 75.3'114 7'11.149 GeoStar 2.0 (64K Version) dsc3 - [Main]

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75.737 75.638 75.539 75.441 75.342 T E ~.243

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21. L 25 TIME
29. 4 75 3J.65 37.825 42

Appendi~~h *> EDF-797 ,.----------------------Geostar 2.0 (64K Version) dscl ____________________....., MP CLR

1.

2 3

  • 1- \\

/~~ I I -...:t ___ Untitled MPLIST,1,3,1 Label Name Temp/BH_ Cr Value 1 NUXY 0 3.000000e-001 1 DENS 0 l.400000e+002 1 c 0 2.200000e-001 1 KX 0 l.OOOOOOe+OOO 1 MPERM R 0 l.OOOOOOe+OOO 2 NUXY 0 3.000000e-001 2 DENS 0 7.600000e-002 2 c 0 2.400000e-001 2 KX 0 l.000000e+003 2 MPERM R 0 l.OOOOOOe+OOO A 3 NUXY 0 3.000000e-001 A 3 DENS 0 6.700000e+001 A 3 c 0 l.lOOOOOe-001 A 3 KX 0 l.OOOOOOe+003 A 3 MPERM R 0 l.OOOOOOe+OOO Page 1

CLR -- 96 '95 15 42 16 16 37 70 16 59 39 16 15 58 99 98 85 84 74 73 16 16 15 53 x 16 18 97 13 83 9 72 5 60 51 40 52 15 15 10 88 87 77 76 65 64 56 55 1 50 38 I 15 35 27 12 25 11 14 86 10 75 6 63 3 54 48 49

/

  • (

/ I.. - ,r ""?-.-- Appendix B __:.:., 'G' EDF-797 Untitled HXLIST,1,347,1

  • Selection List 1

( 1) Heat Flux ( 2) Time Curve I Temperature Curve Element Facel Face2 Face3 Face4 Faces Fa ce6 11 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 15 O.OOe+OOO o I o 38 1.00e+OOO 2 I o 39 1.00e+OOO 2 I o 40 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 42 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 44 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 45 O.OOe+OOO o I Qi 46 1.00e+OOO O.OOe+OOO 2 I o o I 0 47 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 49 O.OOe+OOO Page 1

~---j II Appendix B -=:::.<:; EDF-797 Untitled o I 0 50 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 52 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 53 O.OOe+OOO o I o 58 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 59 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 67 O.OOe+OOO o I o 68 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 79 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 90 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 91 O.OOe+OOO O.OOe+OOO o I 0 o I o 95 O.OOe+OOO o I o 96 O.OOe+OOO Page 2

Appendix B .~, EDF-797 *.._,,., I'~ Untitled o I 0 159 1.00e+OOO 2 I o 162 1.00e+OOO 2 I o 165 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 169 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 175 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 180 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 181 1.00e+OOO 2 I 0 183 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 185 O.OOe+OOO o I 0 210 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 212 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 213 O.OOe+OOO Page 3

~. Appendix B

-.~.-
:"° EDF-797

-~ Untitled 2 I 0 215 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 216 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 221 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 222 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 232 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 233 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 281 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 290

0. OOe+OOO /

2 I 0 291 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 295 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 297 O.OOe+OOO 2 I 0 299 O.OOe+OOO Page 4

2 I o 323 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 326 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 336 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 338 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 339 342 O.OOe+OOO 2 I o 345 Untitled O.OOe+OOO 2 I o O.OOe+OOO 2 I o Page 5 Appendix B EDF-797 / ,;/

-~~

/.-4 _:._

Conv el faces CELIST,1,347,1 (1) Film Coef (2) Ambient Temp Appendix B - -

  • EDF-797 (3) Film Coef Time Curve I Film Coef Temp Curve I Ambient Temp Time Curve Element ce6 3

6 10 14 19 21 23 Facel Face2 Face3 Face4 Faces Fa

4. OOe+OOO*

l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1

4. OOe+OOO.

l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Page 1 1--,. -~

J Appendix B- ~- _ EDF-797 /_~::::::., Conv el faces 25 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 27 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 29 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 31 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 33 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 35 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 38 4.00e+OOO 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 0/ 0/ 1 39 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Page 2

40 42 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 44 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 46 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 48 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 49 54 63 Conv el faces Page 3 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Appendix a=2-0~ _, EDF-797

Appendix B ,'* :,; r

  • EDF-797 Conv el faces 75 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/

1 86 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 100 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 106 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 112 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 118 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 124 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 130 4.00e+OOO l.OOe+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Page 4

Conv el faces 136 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 142 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 148 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 157 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 159 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 162 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 165 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 169 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Page 5

Conv el faces 175 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 181 4.00e+OOO 1.00e+OOO 0/ 0/ 1 Page 6 .11 AppendixB ~.-:- -3:8, EDF-797 Appendix B EDF-797

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      • ~_,~
' /.~-:._;

I Untitled CURLIST,TIME,1,2,~ Curve TIME Value .1 O.OOOOOe+OOO 4.90000e+001 2.00000e+OOO 6.00000e+OOl 4.00000e+OOO 7.00000e+OOl 6.00000e+OOO 8.00000e+OOl 8.00000e+OOO 8.70000e+001 1.20000e+001 8.SOOOOe+OOl 1.40000e+001 8.00000e+OOl 1.60000e+001 7.00000e+OOl 1.80000e+001 6.SOOOOe+OOl 2.00000e+OOl 5.SOOOOe+OOl 2.40000e+001 4.90000e+001 2.60000e+001 6.00000e+OOl 2.80000e+001 7.00000e+OOl 3.00000e+OOl 8.00000e+OOl 3.20000e+001 8.70000e+001 3.60000e+001 8.SOOOOe+OOl 3.80000e+001 8.00000e+OOl 4.00000e+OOl 7.00000e+OOl 4.20000e+001 6.SOOOOe+OOl 2 O.OOOOOe+OOO O.OOOOOe+OOO 1.00000e+OOO 5.SOOOOe+OOl 2.00000e+OOO 1.07000e+002 4.00000e+OOO 1.96000e+002 Page 1

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Untitled 6.00000e+OOO 2.51000e+002 8.00000e+OOO 2.63000e+002 1.00000e+OOl 2.29000e+002 1.20000e+001 1.55000e+002 1.40000e+001 5.50000e+001 1.50000e+001 O.OOOOOe+OOO 1.60000e+001 -3.lOOOOe+OOl 2.40000e+001 -3.lOOOOe+OOl 2.50000e+001 5.50000e+001 2.60000e+001 1.07000e+002 2.80000e+001 1.96000e+002 3.00000e+OOl 2.51000e+002 3.20000e+001 2.62000e+002 3.60000e+001 1.55000e+002 3.80000e+001 5.50000e+001 4.00000e+OOl -3.lOOOOe+OOl 4.20000e+001 -3.lOOOOe+OOl O.OOOOOe+OOO O.OOOOOe+OOO Page 2

Part 2 ABAQUS Thermal Analysis .--.. c ""==-' , I ___ _. C.. AppendixB EDF-797

~- AppendixB if LOCKHEED Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMUNICATION Date: February 25, 1999 To: From: A. J. Palmer MS 3765 G. L. Hawkes G.L. ~t.;> MS 3885 6-8700 6-8767

Subject:

ABAQUS THERMAL ANALYSIS ON TMI DSCs DURING STORAGE - GLH-01-99 Please find enclosed a copy of Brian Hawkes' letter entitled "VERIFICATION OF HKS ABAQUS 5.8-1 FOR SUN ENTERPRISE 5000 (MEDUSA) COMPUTE SERVER - BDH-01-99". This letter explains that ABAQUS has been verified and validated for our computer sytem (medusa). I used ABAQUS to calculate the temperature response at the center of the DSC configuration that you have previously modeled shown in your document "WATER INGRESS INTO TMI DSCs DURING STORAGE", DSCP-EDF-797. I duplicated the model and parameters that you input into your model and came up with a supporting analysis that is included in Figures 1 through 4. The finite element mesh is depicted in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the mesh with the node numbers for the DSC portion of the model. Figure 3 shows a zoomed in look at the DSC area and shows that node 871 is at the very center of the DSC. A history plot of the temperature of node 871 is shown in Figure 4. Temperature difference of about 0.75°F is shown for my analysis with the ABAQUS code. Also included after the figures is the main portion of the ABAQUS input deck. cc: G.L. Hawkes Letter File

LOCKHEED MARTI~ DF 797 ---L=-o=c=k=h-=e:-e=-d-=i\\i:-:I:-a_r-=ti_n_I_d_a_h_o-:-:-::-T_e_c_h--:n:-o-=-1 o---g-=i e __ s __ C=-=--o---m=-p-=-a-n-=y==-=---=----------~~--~- INTE RD EPA RTM ENT AL COL\\'ILVIUNICA TIO~ Date: February 1 S, 1999 To: From:

Subject:

Applied Mechanics Personnel B. D. Hawkes S./).~MS 3760 6-2870 VERIFICATION OF HKS ABAQUS 5.8-1 FOR SUN ENTERPRISE 5000 (MEDUSA) COMPUTE SERVER - BDH-01-99

References:

1.

ABAQUS Version 5.8, Hibbet, Karlsson, and Sorensen, Inc. Pmvtucket, RI, 1998

2. http://medusa/ Apps/vand\\'.html
3. B. D. Hawkes, Verification ofHKS ABAQUS 5.7-1 for Sun Enterprise 5000 (Medusa) Compute Server-BDH-02-98 ABAQUS Version 5.8, both Standard and Explicit, by Hibbet, Karlsson, and Sorensen, Inc., (HKS) is currently available at the INEEL on the Sun Enterprise 5000 compute server i\\fedusa. This letter documents a verification of this program on Medusa.

HKS conducts an extensive verification of each release of both ABAQUS/Explicit and ABAQUS/Standard running several hundred solutions which test element formulations, solution processes, material modeling, etc. The solutions are discussed and compared \\Vith analytical results in the example and verification manuals. A selection of 16 test problems was run on Medusa to verify the installation of Version 5.8-1. Thirteen of the problems were from HKS and the remainder were generated in-house. These problems exercise most of the analysis capabilities required for programs at the INEEL. A complete description of each test problem from HKS is given in the example or verification manuals (Reference 1). The results from each test problem are shown and compared to the documented answers in the on-line \\Vord document located at Reference 2. The results are nearly identical or well within acceptable limits of either the result published by HKS or other analytical results. A copy of the input fi !es are located in Appendix A and a copy of the journal files used to post process the results is located in Appendix B. These input and journal files \\Vil! be archived on the optical jukebox on Cody. As required by section 4.6 of MCP-2374, the user is required to \\*crify. ::is necessary, other capabilities including other specific types of elements that are not covered by these test problems. Test problems can be retrieved by the abaqus frtchjob=file_name command as documented in the HKS manuals (e.g. abaqus5.S fetchjob=pipewhip) which will place a copy of the input fife in the user's directory.

EDF-797 ..t:: Cl) Q.) a c:: ..-I Q.) I a I Q.) - N rl Q.) Q.) c:: *- ~ Q.)

s 00 *-

~

Figure 2. Finite element mesh of DSC with node numbers displayed.

Figure 3. Zoomed in display of DSC showing node 871 at center. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 9 0 9 1 8 0 8 1 8 0 8 1

Figure 4. Tern erature histo of node 871. NODE_871 XMIN

2. OOOE-01 XMAX 4.200E+Ol YMIN
7. 490E+Ol YMAX 7.556E+Ol 75.6 75.4 75.2 75.0 74.8
0.
4.
8.
12.
16.
20.
24.
28.
32.
36.
40.

TOTAL TIME 1 '--------------------------------------------------------------------{*\\

  • HEADING, SPARSE ABAQUS job created on 19-Feb-99 at 14:53:30
  • NODE,NSET=ALL 1,

2, 3 I 4, 5.125-, 5.125, 3.84375, 3.96875, 0. 0.5 0. 0.5

1524, 1525,
1526, 5.125, 5.125, 5.125, 3.3725 2.915 2.4575
  • ELEMENT,
646, 647,
648, 649,
650, 1092,
1093, 1094,
  • ELEMENT,
264, 2 65,
266, 267,
611, 612,
613,
  • ELEMENT,
1095, 1096,
1097, 1098,
1099, TYPE=DC2D4, 63, 64, 65, 66, 87,
141, 985, 50, TYPE=DC2D4,
1073, 1047,
1008, 973,
597, 598,
599, TYPE=DC2D4,
1064, 1036,
1035, 1034,
996, 1423,
1515, 1424,
1516, 1425, 1517'
  • NSET,NSET=N871 8.71
  • ELSET, ELSET=NATCONV
794, ELSET=CONCRETE 87' 39' 39, 27, 27 I 28 I 28, 29, 43' 38,
137, 987, 19, ELSET=DSC
1054, 1044,
1015, 974,
537, 538,
539, ELSET=AIR
140, 1026, 17,
1055, 1054,
1044, 1015,
538, 539,
540, 1228,
1120, 1433,
1228, 1230,
1433, 1231,
1230, 1232,
1231, 1516,
1517, 66,
1525, 1526' 67,
  • ELSET, ELSET=NATCON 1
706, 707,
708, 709,
  • ELSET, ELSET=NATCON_2, GENERATE 64 65 66 67 39 204 1027 26 1080 1073 1047 1008 598 599 600 1086 1064 1036 1035 1034 1524 1525 1526 795 Appendix B EDF-797
710, 731, 1
  • ELSET, ELSET=INSOLATI, GENERATE
706, 709, 1
    • concrete
  • SOLID SECTION, ELSET=CONCRETE, MATERIAL=CONCRETE
    • dsc
  • SOLID SECTION, ELSET=DSC, MATERIAL=CASK
    • air
  • SOLID SECTION, ELSET=AIR, MATERIAL=AIR
  • MATERIAL,NAME=CONCRETE
    • Concrete
  • CONDUCTIVITY
1. 0
  • DENSITY 140.0
  • SPECIFIC HEAT 0.22
  • MATERIAL,NAME=CASK
    • Cask
  • CONDUCTIVITY 1000.0
  • DENSITY 67.0
  • SPECIFIC HEAT 0.11
  • MATERIAL,NAME=AIR
    • Air
  • CONDUCTIVITY 1000.0
  • DENSITY 0.076
  • SPECIFIC HEAT 0.24
  • INITIAL CONDITIONS,TYPE=TEMPERATURE ALL, 75. 0
  • AMPLITUDE, NAME=sink 0.0, 49.0, 2.0, 60.0, 4.0, 8.0, 87.0,12.0, 85.0,14.0, 18.0, 65.0,20.0, 55.0,24.0, 28.0, 70.0,30.0, 80.0,32.0, 38-.0, 80.0,40.0, 70.0,42.0,
  • AMPLITUDE, NAME=sun 70.0, 6.0, 80.0,16.0, 49.0,26.0, 87.0,36.0, 65.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 85.0 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 55.0, 2.0, 6.0, 251.0, 8.0, 263.0,10.0, 14.0, 55.0,15.0, 0.0,16.0, 107.0, 4.0, 196.0 229.0,12.0, 155.0

-31.0,24.0, -31.0 Appendix B EDF-797

25.0, 55.0,26.0, 107.0,28.0, 196.0,30.0, 251.0 32.0, 263.0,34.0, 229.0,36.0, 155.0,38.0, 55.0 40.0, -31.0,42.0, -31.0

  • STEP,AMPLITUDE=STEP,INC=500
  • HEAT TRANSFER
    • starting dt, ending time, minimum dt, maximum dt 0.2, 42.0, 0.08, 0.2
  • RESTART,WRITE,FREQUENCY=lOOO
  • FILM, AMPLITUDE=sink NATCON_l, F3 I NATCON_2, F4, NATCONV, F2,
    • insolation
  • DFLUX, AMPLITUDE=sun
1. I
1. I
1. I INSOLATI, S3,
1.
  • NODE FILE, NSET=N871, FREQUENCY=l NT
  • END STEP
4.
4.
4.

Appendix C - Diffusion Calculations from Safety Analysis Report for the INEL TMI-2 Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation, Rev. O, Appendix C.

Awen:nx? EDF-797 affects only the rate at which the hydrogen concentration builds up in the DSC (i.e., before it reaches steady state). DSC initial hydrogen concentration: An initial concentration of 0% by volume is assumed. DSC vent cross-sectional area: The cross-sectional area of the DSC vent is an important parameter in the evaluation of the hydrogen transport from the DSC. DSC vent length: The length of the DSC vent is an important parameter in the evaluation of the hydrogen transport from the DSC. C.7 DSCVentFiltration The hydrogen transport from the canister/DSC system is highly dependent on the vent geometries. A proposed DSC vent filter may be added to the "equivalent pipe length technique" (similar to those methods used for pump calculations) wherein the proposed filter is "converted" to a pipe of similar hydrogen diffusivity. The DSC vent will exhaust to the outside atmosphere. Thus, it must provide a particulate capture efficiency that is equivalent to that provided by HEP A filters that are inservice at other nuclear facilities. It also must have sufficient hydrogen diffusivity and flow ratings to allow for proper diffusion of hydrogen. The DSC vent filters will have essentially the same specifications as the Drum Filter Vents (DFV s) and similar filters presently being utilized by the DOE. These DFV s and similar filters are used to exhaust hydrogen from radwaste containers in which hydrogen generation is a concern. The Trupact-II SAR [C.10] has described carbon composite filters designed for high efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filtration with tested hydrogen diffusivities. (These filters are manufactured by Nuclear Filter Technology, Inc.) Recent work by Pall Corporation has described all stainless steel HEP A filters with fested hydrogen diffusivities [C.11]. Either of these filters will provide sufficient hydrogen diffusivity for this application. Under the conservative analysis described earlier, the DSCs will have a steady state hydrogen concentration of approximately 1 % by volume (a hydrogen mole fraction of 0.01). The hydrogen generation rate within the DSC/canister system will be (12 canisters times 7 cc/hr/canister or) 84 cc/hr of hydrogen. As an example, the NucFil-016 carbon composite filter has a hydrogen diffusivity of 9.34E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction; the Pall DFV #1 stainless filter has a diffusivity of 5E-6 mole/sec/mole fraction. For a DSC hydrogen concentration just inside the filter of 1 % (a mole fraction of 0.01), these filters would release 75 cc/hr and 4 cc/hr, respectively. (The difference in these two filters is that INEL TMI-2 ISFSI Re"ision 0 C.12 ~-

J'I~ Appendix C EDF-797 the NucFil-016 is-a 2" diameter filter while the Pall filter is 3/4" diameter. Pall is able to manufacture larger filters.) The NucFil-016 has a diffusivity of 9.34E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction. The filter is 2" in diameter and approximately 1" long. An empty pipe thC\\t is 2" diameter and about 2-112" long has the same diffusivity. (This indicates that, so far as the molecular hydrogen is concerned, much of the filter is empty space.) Since the diffusion through the filters is additive, two filters has half the equivalent length of one filter, four filters gives 1/4 the equivalent length as one filter, etc. (That is, if one filter provides a diffusivity of 9.34E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction, two filters will provide twice that diffusivity or 18.68 E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction. etc.) The DSC vent includes four NucFil-016 filters in parallel and has an equivalent length of less than 14" of 5" I.D. pipe as shown in the calculations below. [Note that four NucFil-016 filters could be installed or another filter with a hydrogen diffusivity of ( 4 times 9.34E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction = ) 3.74E-4 mole/sec/mole fraction is also acceptable]. The steady state values of hydrogen using previous equations and equivalent length of filters is calculated as shown below: The gas enters the DSC shield block through the two inch wide, six inch long openings. It then passes through the openings in the lid, shield plug, vent attachments, filter access areas and filter before it exits to the ambient. These vent paths are converted to equivalent lengths of 5" diameter tube as shown below: Area of a 5 inch pipe= 2.52*1t = 19.63 in.2 The shield block is 1. 75 inches in length. Lss= 19.63*1.75/(2*2*6) = 1.43 in. Length up to the lid. Ls= 19.63*1/(7.54*.5*6.83)= 0.76 in. Length through the shield plug with five inch diameter opening. Lsr 6.04 in. Length of vent attachment. LvA= 19.63*3/(4.752*n) =0.83 in. INEL TMI-2 ISFSI Revision 0 C.13

Length of filter access. LFA= 19.63*1.4/((2.259/2)2*7t*4)=1.17 The equivalent length of the five inch pipe for the NucFil filters is calculated below: Diffusion equation : NIA= D(aC/ LF) Where: N= moles/sec A= cross-sectional area ( cm2) D= Diffusion coefficient= 0.611 crn.2/sec for hydrogen in air at 0°C .1C= concentration gradient (moles/cm3) LF = equivalent length cm For the filter term N/.1C, cc per time is given as 9.34 E-5 mole/sec/mole fraction Mole fraction =1.0 gram mole/ 22400 cc N/6C = 9.34 10"5/22400 = 2.094 cc/sec A for a 5 inch pipe is 127 cm2 =(5*2.54)n:/4 Substituting in to the diffusion equation and solving for LF: 2.094 cc/sec= (0.611 cm2/sec)(127 cm2)/ LF LF = 37 cm= 14.58 inches of 5 in. Dia. Pipe. INEL Thfl-2 ISFSI Revision 0 C.14 -1 i - Ii~ Appendi~ EDF-797 (

J'.~:;.:7-:::. t =:*:*,.., ~', /~* ..__) Appendix'C EDF-797 One filter has equivalent length of 14. 58 inch of five inch diameter pipe. Four filters in parallel have an equivalent length of: LFT = 14.58/4 = 3.65 in. Equivalent total length for the DSC vent geometry is: ~=Ls..+La+L SP +LvA+4A+L., = 1. 43+o. 76+6.04+o.83+ 1.17+3.65 = 13.88 inches. This is less than the 16 inches used in the hydrogen concentration calculation that follows. Therefore, there is considerable margin in the DSC vent design. Using the steady state formula for the DSC (Equation 4): Hydrogen Concentration in the DSC =12Q/ (12Q+D(DSC vent area/DSC vent length)) where: 12 =the number of canisters in a DSC Q = the hydrogen generation rate in cc/hr per canister = 7 cc/hr D =the diffusion coefffor hydrogen in air@0°C = 0.611 sq. cm/sec =2,199.6 sq. cm/hour DSC vent area= 126.7 sq. cm DSC vent length= 16" = 40.6 cm Cose= (12*7) I [(12*7) + 2200(126.7 sq. cm/ 40.6 cm)]= 0.012 = 1.2 % Ccaruster= 7 + (2200((1.27 I 361)+/-(1.27 I 15.7))(0.012)) = 0.048 = 4.8% 7 + 2200(( l.27 / 361)+{1.27 / 15.7)) Equations 1 and 3 are solved with the following inputs to calculate canister and DSC hydrogen concentration as a function of time: DSC vent diameter of 5" DSC vent length of 16" Canister generation rate of 7 cc/hr per canister No Hansen couplers were used on the canisters INEL TMI-2 ISFSI Revision 0 C.15

Appendix D - Information on Wind Gusting from NOAA

"Neil F. Hukari" <Neil.Hukari@noaa.gov> on 02/22/99 12:23:21 PM To: Alma J Palmer/PJA/LMITCO/INEEL/US cc:

Subject:

Wind information based on 1 OMPH Joe: Here is the summary of wind information based on 1 OMPH instead of 20MPH (for both the mean wind speed and the difference between the peak and mean wind speeds): Wind Speed Information from the 1 OM level of the GRI tower near INTEC for 1 994-1 998 Total Number of days: 1703 Number of days with a five minute mean wind speed greater than 10 MPH: 1576 (338.0 days/year) Information for days with a five minute mean wind speed greater than 10 MPH: Mean wind speed: 9.7 MPH Mean number of five minute periods/day with gusts more than 10 MPH greater than the mean wind speed: 9.64 Mean time interval between five minute periods with gusts more than 10 MPH greater than the mean wind speed: 2.49 hours (This value may be misleading since the gusty periods within a day tend to occur in a group.) Please contact me if you had something different in mind and/or need more information. Thank you, Neil Hukari - ARLFRD ~-,;'- AppendixD EDF-797

td9:

.~>

"Neil F. Hukari" <Neil.Hukari@noaa.gov> on 02/22/99 10:46:55 AM To: Alma J Palmer/PJA/LMITCO/INEEL/US cc:

Subject:

Wind information for INTEC Joe: Here is a summary of wind information you requested: Wind Speed Information from the 1 OM level of the GRI tower near INTEC for 1994-1 998 Total Number of days: 1703 Number of days with a five minute mean wind speed greater than 20 MPH: 854 (183.2 days/year) Information for days with a five minute mean wind speed greater than 20 MPH: Mean wind speed: 11.9 MPH Mean number of five minute periods/day with gusts more than 20 MPH greater than the mean wind speed: 0.14 Mean time interval between five minute periods with gusts more than 20 MPH greater than the mean wind speed: 176.69 hours Please contact me if you have any questions or require more information. Thank you, Neil Hukari - ARLFRD ~/~ Appendix D EDF-797

Appendix E - Vendor Data on HEPA Filters

FEB 11 '99 09=41AM ATR EXP r.. J,J ~ ~ l="'i.

~-!:~ ~

Appendix E * !-,-:-/. *< -: :., NucFil Package Ventilation Specification & Descrip<<;;l~~rid*- *. _'*.* .* --~- Certification of Compliance with Specification 219--02~1:16 **:.. :*. *. f. ':'*'.i.:: CUSTOMERPO# '98-oc;')- 0 SERIALLD.s~ITbrv~-':f.. DATE OF MANUFACTURE: JL-C) FILTER MODEL lYPE: NucFil016 SS HP ENGINEERING DRAWING: NFT-016 SS HP Rev. 00

  • SPECIFICATION:
  • NFT-016 SS HP Rev. 00 QUALITY ASSURANCE:

NQA.. 1 INTENDED USAGE: Allow Ventilation of hydrogen gas ganer.ited In C'aSlcs. ~-~ dluins,.* . and Standard Waste Boxes contalnl1t9 TRU. high level. Low 1.evel. Hazardous or Mind Wasta. TotiiUG for * * *_'. fl/Mis installation should be based on th* ptaetcd of Inst.ailing 314° fllteres Into fl:anges of newly gener.d>>d W.- dtum-lld$ with 10 foot pounds torque. Th* fllter is designed for High hydrogen penneabll1ty. TECHNICAL DATA: Overall height Filter housing & Lid material Housing Size, spec Filter media material Resistance to flow: Particle Removal Efficiency Hydrogen diffusivity Hydrogen Resistance 1.0 Inches Type 304 Stainless steel 2* 11.5 TPI NPSM threads Slnterecfstalneless stael type 316 Less than 1.0" W.C. DP@930 ml/min Greater than 99.97% of 0.3 to o. 7u DOP 130 E -06 Mol/Sec/mol Frac ~. 70 (category 20, 30, 40 wastes) Not required . voe Adsorptive capacity Houis to VOC Saturation Not required ~~~~-~---~~~-~--~-~-~~~~---~---~.. ~----~--~-~-===~--.~---~~==~-- Certification of Compliance with Specification: 219-02 -0116 We certify that the filter Model Nucl1f016 SS-HP meets the following criteria. Test data is available and on file.

  • -*100 percent of filters* ara tested for flow rats and*ae~l leak rate Transportation certifications: NA
  • Certified to meet all aiterici*established in customer Specification 21g..()2--0116 Each Filter:

.SIGNED:- ( ~-lL _

1.

Is non flammable Terry ~nd, QA Manager

2.

ls E~graved with: NFT-016 SS - HP 00/YY PAT# 5.814.118 Unique serial 1.0.*No Delivers a Flow rate of 930 mVmin AT fess than 1.0* W.C. DP Removes.> 99.97% particles when tested with 0.3 to 0.7u DOP aerosol DATE f2.- ~9*"'1

3.
4.
5.

Allows.Hydrogen gas to diffuse at 130 E-06 ~USec./Mol Fra~~------------'"-:- Post-lt9 Fax Note 7671 Dato "°'... I pages Nuclear Filter Technology U.C To From 'fri 'S. o-,., r...o COFC16HP.DOC Co. g 741 Corporate Circle# R {;;Z Golden, co 80401 3033M-91&S Phone I PhME I ~ Fax* faJ: I}}

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