ML18134A043
| ML18134A043 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | San Onofre  |
| Issue date: | 04/30/2018 |
| From: | Chesapeake Nuclear Services, GEL Labs, Southern California Edison Co |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| Shared Package | |
| ML18134A032 | List: |
| References | |
| Download: ML18134A043 (119) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:2017 San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report
~ EU License Numbers:
DISORN DPR-13, NPF-10, NPF-15 An EDISON INTERNATIONAL 1 Company April 2018 Prepared by: Chesape ke N dear Service m=i
- ILaboratories LLC a member of The GEL Group INC
2017 AREOR This 2017 Annual Radiolog ical Environmental Operating Report (AREOR) for the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) fulfills the requirements of Technical Specifications (TS} Section §D6 .9.1.3 of SONGS Unit 1 License DPR-13, Section §5.7.1.2 of the permanently defueled SONGS Units 2 and 3 Licenses NPF-10 and NPF-15, respectively, and the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) facility. The 2017 AREOR covers the results of the environmental monitoring performed around SONGS during the ti me period January 1, 2017 through December 31 , 2017. Page Ii
2017 AREOR Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary ............... ... ...... .. ... ................. .... ............ ... ..... ................ .. ........... .......... 1 2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program ...... ........................ .. .... .............................. 2 2.1 Program Overview .. ................... .... ..... ... .................. ....... .......... ...... ............................. 2 2.2 Site Area and Description .. ................................. .......................... ................ .. ... .......... 3 2.3 Sample Collection and Analyses ................................................................................. 6 2.3.1 Detection Limit Terminology ........ ........................ .. .... .. .............. .... .. ...... .............. 7 2.4 Regulations and Guidance ...................................... ...... .. .... ....... ...... ........................... 8 2.5 NRC Reporting Levels .... .. ................ .. ................... ..... ... ........................... .. ................ 10 2.6 Summary of Analysis of Results and Trends ................................................ .. ............ 10 3 Land Use Census ........................ .......... .... ............ .. ................... ........ .. .............. ..... .. .......... 12 4 Quality Assurance ...... ... ..................................................................................... ............. .. .. 12 5 Program Deviations .............. ........ ...... ...................... .. .. ................ ... ....... .......... ........... ........ 13 6 Conclusion ...... ....... .... ......... .. ................ ......... ........... ........ ... .. ....... .... .. .... .. ...... ... .... ........... .. 13 7 References ............................... .. ................... ...... .. .... .......................................................... 13 APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TYPE AND SAM PUNG LOCATIONS ................................................. 14 APPENDIX B. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS OF 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ................ 26 A. Results and Discussions of 2017 Environmental Data ................................................... 28
- 1. Direct Radiation ......... ............. .. .. ...... ............. ......... .... ..... ... .. ............ ..... .... ....... .... 28
- 2. Airborne Particulate, Iodine, and Composite Isotopic Analyses .... .. .... .......... ...... .. .33
- 3. Ocean Water ...... ...... .. ...................................... ........... ....... ... .............. .. ............... 34
- 4. Drinking Water ............................................................................................ .......... 34
- 5. Shoreline Sediment (Beach Sand) ...................... ..... ....... .. ....... .. ....... .. ....... .......... .34
- 6. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. .... ................................... .......................................... 34
- 7. Marine Species (Flesh) .. ...................................... ................................................. 35
- 8. Local Crops ... .... ............. ........ .. ................ ....... .... ..... ............. .. .......... .... .... ........ ... 35
- 9. Soil ...... .. .... .. ... .......... .. ................ ......... ............ .... ..... ..... ........ .... ......... ...... .......... .. 35
- 10. Kelp ..... ... ... .. .... .................... ....... .......... .... ......... ........ .. .. ....... .... .. ........... .... ...... ..... 36 Page I ii
2017 AREOR 11 . Correlation of Effluent Concentration to Concentrations in the Environment .... .. ... 37 B. Statistical Summary of REMP Data For 2017 ................. ... ...... ... .. ... .. .. .... ... ... ..... ........... 39 APPENDIX C.
SUMMARY
OF QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAMS ..... ..... ............ ........... .... .... .45 A. Summary ................... .. .. ..... ... ..... ........... ......... ...... .. ....... ................ .. ..... ...... ..... .... ... .... ... 46 B. Quarterly Duplicate TLDs ...... ................... .... ....... ... .... .. ..... ......................... .......... ..... ....46 C. Annual Duplicate TLDs ...... .. .... .. .... ... .... .... .......... ..... ...... ....... ... .... ..... .. ..... ....... .... .......... .46 D. Calibration of Air Sampler Volume Meters .............................. ......... ... .................... .... .. .46 E. lnterlaboratory Cross-Check Program: ... ......... .... ........ .. ... ....... .... ........ ..... ... ... .. ....... .... ..47 F. Analytical Laboratory Cross Check Program Summary ... ....... .... .... ... .......... .. .... ...... ..... .48 APPENDIX D. COMPARISON OF OPERATIONAL TO PREOPERATIONAL DATA ....... .. .... .... 67 A. Direct Radiation ................................................................ ................... ..... .... ... .. ....... ... ..69
- 8. Airborne Particulates .. ............. ......... ......... ... .... ....... .. .. ....... .... .. .. ................................ .. .69 C. Radioiodine ... ............. .. ......... .... .. .. .... ... .... .................. .... ... ....... ...... ... .... ........ ... ........ ..... 70 D. Ocean Water .... ........ ... ........... ... ..... ....... .. ...... ....... ....................... .. .... .... .... ... .. ............... 70 E. Drinking Water ..... ..... ......... ..... .... .............. ... .. .. .......... ........... ..... ... ...... .... .. ... ... ... .. ..... .. ... 71 F. Shoreline Sediments (Sand) ..... ... ... .. ..... ......... ....... ......... ............ ..... .... ... .... .... ......... ..... .71 G. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. ..... ...... ................. .... ............ ......................... ........ ... ... .. ... ..72 H. Marine Species (Flesh) ................................................... .. ........ .... ..... ..... .. .............. ... ... .73 I. Local Crops ... .... ... .......... .... ........................................ ....... ... ... ...... ............. ........... ... .. ... 74 J. Soil ...... .. ... .. ... .... .. ... ........... ... ... ........ .... ......... ..... ..... .... .... .... .. .. ... ... .. ..... .. ...... .. ............... .75 K. Kelp ......... .. ........ ... ............ ...... ...... .......... .............. ... ..... ....... ........... .. ... ... ........... ..... .... .. .75 APPENDIX E. DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS IN 2017 ........ ...... .. 77 A. Direct Radiation .. .... ......... ...... ..... .. .. .... ... ............. .......... ....... .......... ... .............. ... .. ........ .. 78 B. Air Sampling ... ........... ......... .... ... ..... ... .. ... ... ...... ..... .......... ...... ... .............. ... .. ... .. ...... ..... ... 78 C. Ocean Water Sampling .... ...... .. .. ....... ..................................................................... ... .... 78 D. Drinking Water ..... .... ... ......... .... ..... .. ..... .. ... ....... ..... .. ..... ........... ... .......... ... ..... ... .... ........... 79 E. Shoreline Sediments ....... .... ....... ... ...... .......... ......... ...... .... .... .. ...... .. .......... ... ..... ..... .. .. .. ..79 Page I iii
2017 AREOR F. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. .... .. .... ........... ............ .. ............. ... ..... .. .......... .... .. ...... ... ..... .. 79 G. Marine Species (Flesh) ............... ....... .. .. .... .... ...... .. ............. .... ........ ... ..... .... .... ...... ......... 79 H. Local Crops ...... ... .. ........ .... ... ..... .. .... .... ..... ..... ..... .... ..... .... ... ... .. .. ... ........ .. ... ..... ......... ... ... 79 I. Soil .... ...... .... ...... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ....... .. ........... .... ..... ... ..... .... ..... ..... ...... ....... .... ..... .... ..... .... 79 J. Kelp ... ...... ......... .. ....... .... .... ...... .. ... ... .... .. ..... ... .... ..... ... .... .... ...... .. .... ... .. ....... ..... ..... .... ... ... 79 APPENDIX F. LAND USE CENSUS ... .... ....... ..... ......... ... ..... ..... ... .... .... ... ..... ...... .. ... .... .. ...... .. .. .. 80 Introduction ... ............... .. .. ... ... ... .. ... ...... ... ............ ...... ..... .. ...... .... ... .. ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ....... ... .. 81 Executive Summary ............. ... ......... .... .......... ...... ......... ...... ... ... ............ ..... ..... .... .. ...... 81 Definition of Uses ........ .. .. .. ... ....... .. .. ..... ..... ... ......... .. .. .... ..... .. ... ... .... ... .... ......... ...... ...... 81 The Land Use Census Scope ...... ..... ....... ....... ....... ..... ... .. ....... ....... .. ...... ....... ...... ..... ... 82 Research Methodology .... ................ ....... .. ..... ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ...... .. ........ .... ... .... .. .. ... .. .. ... ..... .... 82 Field Research ... ........ ..... ... .... ... .... ........ ... .. .... ... .................. ......... ..... ........ ... .... .... .... .. 83 Data and Methodology Summary ............ .. ...... ...... ....... ........ .. ....... .... .... ....... .. ....... .. .. .83 Documentation Spreadsheet ....... ... ... .... ... .. ................... ..... ..... .... ....... ... ..... ...... .... ...... 83 2017 Land Use Census Observations and Changes ...... ... .... .. ........ .. ... .... .. ... .... ... ..... .. ... ..... 83 Chemical and Toxic Waste .. .... ........... .... ....... .. ... ... ........ ...... .. ... .... ..... .. ... ... ... .. .... .. ..... .84 Milk Animals ... ... ..... .... ......... .. ...... ........ .... .. .... .. .... .. ...... .. .. ...... ..... ..... .. .... ....... .... ...... .... 84 Meat Animals .. ... .. ....... .. .. .... ... .... ... .. ..... ....... ..... .. ..... ....... ... ... .... .......... .. ..... .. ..... ... .. .... .. 84 Growing Season for fleshy and leafy vegetables .. ....... ... ....... .. .. ......... .. ...... .. .... .. .. ..... .84 Desalination Plant in Carlsbad , California ............ ... ...... ..... .. ... ....... .... ... ... ....... ... ......... 84 Summary of Changes ...... .. ... ..... .... .... ....... .. ..... ....... ...... .. ... .. .. .. ...... .. ... ... .. .. ....... .. .... .. .. 84 APPENDIX G. ERRATA TO PREVIOUS AREORs ... ..... ...... ........ ..... .. .. .......... ......... .. .... .... ... ... .. 96 APPENDIX H. CDPH CO-LOCATED TLDs .. ...... .... ........................................ ................ .... ....... 98 APPENDIX I. ISFSI TLD DATA. .. .................. ......... ..... ......... ..... ..... ....... ........ ... .... ............ ..... .100 APPENDIX J. OFFSITE GROUND WATER SAMPLING ...... .... .... ......... ....... ..... ... .... .. ..... ... ....107 Page I iv
2017 AREOR Figures Figure 1 - Examples of Exposure Pathways .... .. .. .. ... .. ... ....... .............. ........... .... .. ..... ....... 3 Figure 2 - SONGS 45 mile REMP Radius ... .. .. ... ..... .... ..................................... .. .... .... .... . 4 Figure 3 - SONGS Location ... ......... .. ... ........ .... .. ................ .. .... ... ....... .... ..... ..... .... .. ........ . 5 Figure 4 - SONGS REMP One Mile Radius ....................... ................ ... .... ....... .... ......... 21 Figure 5 - SONGS REMP Two Mile Radius .................. .... .... ... ... .... .. ..... .............. .. ....... 22 Figure 6 - SONGS REMP Five Mile Radius ..... ... ..... .. ... ......... ....... .. ...... ..... .... ............... 23 Figure 7 - SONGS REMP 30-mile Radius North .... .............. ....... ............. ... .. .. ... .. ......... 24 Figure 8 - SONGS REMP 45-mile Radius South ............... ........ .. ..................... .. .... ..... . 25 Figure 9 - SONGS REMP TLD data through 2017 .................. .. ....... ...... .......... .. ... .... ... 29 Figure 10 131 in Aquatic Kelp .............................................. .............. .. .... ..... .... .. .. ... . 36 Figure 11 - Kelp Sampling Locations .. .................... .... ........... .. ............... ........... ...... ...... 37 Figure 12 - Monthly Average Airborne Particulate Gross Beta Preoperational and Operational Data for Units 2 and 3, (1976 -1988) ..... .... .. .. .... ... ..... .... ....... . 70 Figure 13 - SONGS ISFSI and Selected REMP TLD Locations ........ .. .... .. .... .. ...... ..... 105 Figure 14 - ISFSI and REMP TLDs ... ................................. ....... ........ ....... ........... ....... . 106 Figure 15 - Closest Drinking Water Wells ............. .. .... .. .... .............. ............. ....... ... ... .. 108 Page Iv
2017 AREOR Acronyms AREOR Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report CAB Controlled Area Boundary CDPH California Department of Public Health CEAL Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory DOE Department of Energy EAB Exclusion Area Boundary EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ISFSI Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation LLD Lower Limit of Detection LUC Land Use Census MDC Minimum Detectable Concentration MDD Minimum Differential Dose ND Not Detectable NEI Nuclear Energy Institute NRC U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ODCM Offsite Dose Calculation Manual QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control REMP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program SAB Site Area Boundary TLD Thermoluminescent Dosimeter Page I vi
2017 AREOR 1 Executive Summary On June 12, 2013, Southern California Edison notified the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) that it had permanently ceased operation for both Units 2 and 3 on June 7, 2013. While all power operations have ceased, spent fuel remains stored on site. San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (hereafter referred to as San Onofre or SONGS) continues to fulfill its regulatory commitment to monitor the environment and potential exposure pathways. The REMP verifies that San Onofre has had no radiological impact to the surrounding environment or people and that it is within applicable state and federal regulations. The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) includes the sampling of environmental media and measuring radiation levels in the environment surrounding SONGS. Its purpose is to identify any levels of radioactivity or radiation associated with SONGS that have a potential exposure to a member of the general public. This is accomplished through the measurement of direct radiation and by the sampling and analyses of various environmental media, including:
- soil
- shoreline sediment (beach sand)
- air (particulate & iodine)
- local crops
- non-migratory marine species
- kelp
- drinking water
- ocean water
- ocean bottom sediments Samples are analyzed for both naturally occurring and SONGS plant-related radionuclides. A detailed description of the 2017 sampling locations and location maps are included in Appendix A of this report.
An independent assessment of environmental impact is performed by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) through the collection and analysis of samples, placement of dosimeters and collection of air samples. In addition , the site participates in onsite and offsite inspections. This report describes the REMP conducted at San Onofre and covers the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31 , 2017. The REMP produces scientifically defensible data demonstrating no observable radiological environmental impact from SONGS. This report fulfills applicable license commitments, as described in DPR-13, NPF-10, NPF-15, and the Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM). The REMP data collected during 2017, as in previous years , continues to be representative of background levels. The data is summarized in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data found in Appendix B. The radionuclides cesium-137 (Cs-137) in soil and iodine-131 (1-131) in kelp were detected above the minimum detectable concentration (MDC), with the Cs-137 being attributable to fallout from nuclear weapons testing and the Fukushima Daiichi accident in Japan and the 1-131 associated with medical administrations. These isotopes have been detected at indicator locations, as well as at control locations, in past years. Naturally occurring radionuclides, including beryllium-? (Be-7), potassium-40 (K-40), thorium-228 (Th-228) and thorium-230 (Th-230) were detected in both control and indicator locations at similar Page 11
2017 AREOR concentrations and are not related to the operation of SONGS. Refer to Appendix B for a more detailed discussion. There is a natural and manmade radiation background . Natural background is comprised of the terrestrial and cosmic radiation sources while manmade background results from past weapons testing fallout and routine medical applications. Prior to the construction of SONGS, environmental samples and measurements were collected and analyzed to determine the baseline natural radiation levels. The results from the indicator stations are compared to this pre-operational data, as well as control samples, to evaluate if changes in any radiation levels can be attributed to SONGS or other causes such as natural variations in the environment or manmade contributions. In summary, the environmental monitoring data collected during 2017 supports a conclusion of no adverse effect on the population or the environment from SONGS. The radiation exposures to people living in the surrounding area from SONGS remains less than 2 mrem per year, which is a small fraction of the radiation exposures in the environment from the natural background from terrestrial and cosmic radiation . 2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 2.1 Program Overview A key purpose of the REMP is to characterize the radiological environment outside of the power block, providing data for assessing potential radiological impact resulting from the decommissioning activities for SONGS Units 2 and 3. It is designed and conducted :
- to detect any significant increase in the concentration of radionuclides in the pathways of exposure to the public,
- to detect any significant change in ambient gamma radiation levels, and
- to fulfill the radiological environmental monitoring requirements of the ODCM .
Exposure pathways are the different routes by which people can potentially be exposed to radiation or radioactive materials . The pathways may be characterized into four general types, shown below along with a brief description of the monitoring as performed at SONGS:
- AIRBORNE . The airborne pathway represents the inhalation intake of airborne radioactive materials. This pathway is sampled in areas around SONGS by continuously drawing air through specialized filters and charcoal cartridges 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Although both units at SONGS have been shut down since January 2012, these air samples continue to be collected on a weekly basis.
- WATERBORNE. The waterborne pathways include the exposure to radioactive materials accumulated in aquatic biota (fish, shellfish) and in shoreline sediments.
These pathways are assessed through the collection of fish and shellfish samples in the environment around the plant. Sediment samples are also collected to evaluate any long-term buildup in the environment.
- INGESTION . The ingestion pathway includes broadleaf vegetation, agricultural products, and food products. Atmospheric releases from the plant can deposit on these food products, representing an intake exposure pathway through the consumption of these food products . Samples of crops (e.g ., tomato, lettuce, sorrel) are collected from the local area around the plant to evaluate any impact on this pathway.
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2017 AREOR
- DIRECT RADIATION. The direct radiation pathway represents the external exposure from sources on the plant site and directly from any radioactive effluents released to the air or water. This direct environmental radiation dose is measured through the use of direct measurement dosimeters, such as thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) or optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLs) that are placed around the plant site and in the local environment.
Figure 1 - Examples of Exposure Pathways 2.2 Site Area and Description San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station is located next to San Onofre State Beach, adjoining Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base, in San Diego County, 64 miles south of Los Angeles, California. At this time there are no operating reactors, but in the past, there were three operating pressurized water reactors with a total rated capacity of 2664 net megawatts electrical. Page 13
2017 AREOR Figure 2 - SONGS 45 mile REMP Radius Unit 1, rated at 410 net megawatts electrical, was supplied by Westinghouse Electric Company. Unit 1 began commercial operation on January 1, 1968. The unit was permanently shut down on November 30, 1992, and has been decommissioned. By August 31 , 2004, all fuel was transferred to the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI). By November 29, 2006, all remaining monitored effluent pathways were permanently removed from service or routed to Unit 2 discharge to the outfall. Unit 1 is owned by Southern California Edison (80%) and San Diego Gas and Electric (20% ). Unit 2 and Unit 3 were supplied by Combustion Engineering, Inc., with turbine generators supplied by G.E.C. Turbine Generators , Ltd., of England . The units began commercial operation on August 18, 1983, and April 1, 1984, respectively, and were rated at 1127 net megawatts electrical each. The twin units are owned by Southern California Edison (78.21%), San Diego Gas and Electric (20% ), and the City of Riverside ( 1. 79% ). Page 14
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- P&cific O n Fig ure 3 - SONGS Location Effective December 29, 2006, the City of Anaheim transferred its ownership interests in San Onofre Units 2 and 3 and the entitlement to the Units 2 and 3 output to Southern California Edison Company, except that it retains its ownership interests in its spent nuclear fuel and Units 2 and 3's independent spent fuel storage installation located on the facility's site. In addition, the City of Anaheim retains financial responsibility for its spent fuel and for a portion of the Units 2 and 3 decommissioning costs. The City of Anaheim remains a licensee for purposes of its retained interests and liabilities. Southern California Edison notified the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on June 12, 2013, that it had permanently ceased operation of Units 2 and 3 on June 7, 2013. The NRC notification, called a Certification of Permanent Cessation of Power Operations, sets the stage for SCE to begin preparations for decommissioning .
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2017 AREOR 2.3 Sample Collection and Analyses Samples of environmental media were obtained to meet the stated objectives . The selection of sample types was based on established important pathways for the transfer of radionuclides through the environment to exposures to individuals. Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of REMP sample locations as described in Table 5-4 of the ODCM . Sampling locations have been selected , considering the local environmental characteristics, including meteorology, land use and water use data . Two types of sampling locations are defined. The first type , representing control stations, is located in areas that are beyond the measurable influence of San Onofre, typically at distance of greater than 5 miles away. The sample results from these stations are considered representative of background levels with no potential for contribution from releases and sources at SONGS. The control stations also serve as indicators of rad ioactive sources other than SONGS, such as nuclear medicine applications. The second type, representing indicator stations, is used to measure any radiation contributed to the environment caused by San Onofre. Indicator stations are located close to San Onofre (within 5 miles), reflecting the nearby areas to provide environmental measurements for releases from the plant. Indicator stations can be located either onsite or offsite . As described in Section 4, below, the SONGS REMP is conducted in accordance with a Quality Assura nce Program , meeting the requirements of NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1. Samples are collected using approved methods; radiochemical analyses of these samples are performed using standardized analytical methods. The Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory (CEAL) participates in an inter-laboratory comparison program in partial fulfillment of the quality assurance requirements for environmental monitoring. The CEAL participated in cross check programs which meet the intent of Reg . Guide 4.15. See Appendix C for additional details. Page 16
2017 AREOR 2.3.1 Detection Limit Terminology The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) requires that equipment and analytical methods used for radiological monitoring must be able to detect specified minimum limits for the type sample and the radionuclide of the analysis. The a priori detection capability for the analytical system used for the measurement is referred to as the Lower Limit of Detection (LLD). This LLD ensures that radiation measurements are sufficiently sensitive to detect any levels of concern and small changes in the environment. Samples with no detectable radiation levels are typically referred to as less than the minimum detectable concentration (MDC). The MDC is evaluated for each sample and is used to ensure that the specific analysis has sufficient sensitivity to detect levels consistent with the requirements for analysis by the system LLD. For a more thorough discussion , refer to NUREG/CR-4007.
- Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) - The LLD is the a priori (before the fact) lower limit of detection for the method used for the analysis. It is a measure of the detection capability for the analytical method and not for any single sample analysis. This value is calculated for each isotope and every matrix based on typical or expected values of decay time , sample size, counter efficiency, etc. The LLD values are listed in the ODCM and represent the detection capability that the analytical methods must meet for the specified sample media.
- Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC) - The MDC is the a posteriori (after the fact) lower limit of detection based on actual decay time , measured sample size, and counting efficiency for an individual sample analysis. The MDC is compared to the LLD to verify that the measurement met the ODCM requirements for the maximum value of the LLD for the listed analytes. Values above the MDC are presumed to represent "detected" levels of radioactivity.
- No Detectable (ND) - "No Detectable" is used for direct radiation dosimeters, such as TLDs and OSLs data , to designate when the exposure measured is below the expected background exposure, plus a calculated uncertainty. The TLD will have measured radiation exposure, but the magnitude of the exposure is within the expected range ,
accounting for natural background and seasonal fluctuations . ND indicates that there was no exposure above the background variation that is attributable to SONGS. The sampling and analyses for the REMP are conducted in a manner to ensure the detection capabilities meet the specified requirements . Page 17
2017 AREOR 2.4 Regulations and Guidance
- 10 CFR 50, Appendix I 10 CFR 50, Appendix I establishes limits on releases of radioactivity to the environment and the resulting dose to the public. The limits are:
Source NRC Limits for SONGS Liquid Effluent Less than or equal to 3 mrem/yr to whole body from all pathways of exposure Less than or equal to 10 mrem/yr to any organ from all pathways of exposure Gaseous Effluents - Noble Less than or equal to 10 mrad/yr gamma air dose Gases Less than 20 mrad/yr, beta air dose Less than 5 mrem/yr, total body dose to an offsite exposed individual of the public lodine-131, tritium and Less than or equal to 15 mrem to any organ for an offsite particulates with half-life individual from all pathways of exposure greater than 8 days
- 40 CFR 190 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established environmental radiation protection standards in 40 CFR 190 for the uranium fuel cycle that includes nuclear power plants. These limits are applicable to the sum of liquid effluent, gaseous effluents and direct radiation.
The dose limits from all applicable pathways to any offsite individual are o 25 mrem/year to the whole body o 75 mrem/year to the thyroid o 25 mrem to any other organ As discussed in the 2017 SONGS Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report, the calculated dose to a member of the public as a result of SONGS is a small fraction of the dose standard established by the EPA. This conclusion is supported by the results of the REMP, as reflected by the absence of measurable levels of radiation or radioactive materials in the offsite environment attributable to SONGS. Page 18
2017 AREOR The EPA established the following concentration limits for drinking water in 40 CFR 141 : Source NRC Limits for SONGS Gross Alpha 15 pCi/L Gross Beta 50 pCi/L Ra-226 and Ra-228 5 pCi/L combined Sr-90 8 pCi/L Uranium 30 µG/L Tritium 30,000 pCi/L (limit for saltwater site; no downstream drinking water supplier) These limits were selected to ensure that no member of the publ ic receives more than 4 mrem total body or organ dose, based on 2 liters per day drinking water intake. The sampling of ocean water and groundwater in and around the plant confirms that SONGS has no impact on public water supplies for the surround ing communities . The following regulatory and industry guidance has been identified as applicable to the SONGS REMP with application as may be required .
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.1, Programs for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants, 1975
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.2, Preparation of Environmental Reports for Nuclear Power Stations, 1976
- NUREG-0133 , Preparation of Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.109, Calculation of Annual Doses to Man from Releases of Reactor Effluents for the Purpose of Evaluating Compliance with 10CFR Part 50, Appendix I, 1977
- NUREG-1301 , Offsite Dose Calculations Manual Guidance: Standard Radiological Effluent Controls for Pressurized Water Reactors , Generic Letter 89-01 , Supplement No.
1, 1991
- ANSI N545, American National Standard Institute, "American National Standard Performance, Testing , And Procedural Specifications for Thermoluminescence Dosimetry (Environmental Application), 1975
- ANSI/HPS N13.37, "Environmental Dosimetry - Criteria for System Design and Implementation", 2014
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) - Effluent Streams and the Environment, 1979
- NUREG-1576, Multi-agency Radiological Laboratory Analytical Protocols
- NUREG/CR-4007, Lower Limit of Detection : Definition and Elaboration of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental Measurements, 1984 Page 19
2017 AREOR 2.5 NRC Reporting Levels The NRC has established required reporting levels that represent thresholds above which an investigation is needed to evaluate and ensure compliance with radiation safety standards for the public. Licensed nuclear facilities must prepare a special report and increase their sampling if any measured level of radiation or radioactive material in an environmental sample is equal to or greater than the corresponding reporting level. 2.6 Summary of Analysis of Results and Trends The 2017 SONGS REMP was conducted in accordance with 10 CFR 50, Appendix I, 10 CFR §50.36a, and Section 5.0 of the SONGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM). The REMP sample data have been summarized in the format specified in NUREG-1301 . Data have been evaluated to identify the levels of any plant-related environmental radioactivity above background levels (i.e., plant-related contributions that are distinguishable from background). For data distinguishable from background , a comparison has been made between current environmental monitoring results and preoperational or previous operational data as appropriate, for trending environmental radioactivity resulting from plant operation . To conform with 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, Section IV B.2, data on measurable levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the environment are provided to allow for a comparison to the predicted (calculated) values in the environment from radioactive material released in effluents. The tabulated means, ranges, and standard deviations are presented in Appendix B. Compa risons with background and pre-operational baseline data are presented in Appendix D. Page I 10
2017 AREOR The REMP data are reviewed for accuracy, compared against NRC reporting levels, and entered into the REMP database. Measurements exceeding the administrative levels (10% of the NRC reporting levels) are flagged . Analyses are performed using instrumentation and methods that provide analytical results with a level of detection as required by the ODCM. The a posteriori Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC) is compared to the maximum value for the a priori Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) specified in the ODCM . This ensures that regulatory limits for the maximum LLD are met. Table 1 - Maxi mum LLDs as Specified in SONGS ODCM Airborne Local Particulate Marine Crops Sediment Water or Gases Animals (pCi/kg, (pCi/kg, 3 Analysis (pCi/L) (pCi/m ') (pCi/kg, wet) wet) drv) I Gross beta 4 I 1E-02 j H-3 2000 I Mn-54 15 130 l Fe-59 30 260 I Co-58, 60 15 130 ] Zn-65 30 260 I Zr-95 , Nb-95 15 J 1-131 1 7E-02 60 I Cs-134 15 5E-02 130 60 150 ] Cs-137 18 6E-02 150 80 180 I Ba-140, La-140 15 The impact of SONGS on the surrounding environment is assessed through a series of analyses. These analyses include: data reduction , comparisons of indicator to control locations (Appendix B); comparison of operational to preoperational environmental data (Appendix D); summary of deviations from sampling requirements and corrective actions taken (Appendix E); and the results of the 2017 Land Use Census (Appendix F). The results of the 2017 monitoring program show no levels of direct rad iation or radioactive materials from SONGS distinguishable from background in the offsite environment. Environmental samples from areas surrounding SONGS continue to indicate no radiological impacts from the plant. A detailed discussion of the 2017 analytical results is presented in Appendix B to Part II of this report. Analytical values from offsite indicator sample stations continue to trend with the control stations. With the exception of measured medical radioisotope iodine-131 in kelp , unrelated to SONGS, no measurements were distinguishable from background levels. The data indicate that SONGS continues to have no measurable radiological impact on the environment or any member of the public during 2017. In addition, dose to members of the public attributable to SONGS related radiological activities remain well below regulatory limit of 100 mrem per year, as specified in 10 CFR 20, § 20.1301 and in keeping with the philosophy of "as low as is reasonably achievable" (ALARA), as specified in 10 CFR 20.1101 (b ). The REMP data collected during 2017, as in previous years , continues to be in line with background levels. The data are summarized in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data found in Appendix B. Cesium-137 (Cs-137) is routinely identified in some soil samples and lodine-131 (1-131) is found in some kelp samples. Cs-137 and 1-131 are radionuclides that could be associated with releases from nuclear power plants, including SONGS. However, the level of Cs-137 found in soil is consistent with historical and expected Cs-137 concentrations from Page I 11
2017 AREOR nuclear weapons testing . Since SONGS is no longer operating , there is not a realistic generation source for 1-131; therefore it is considered to be associated with use as medical administrations. It is no longer being generated as a fission product from the SONGS operation . And with its 8-day radioactive half-life, it is unrelated to any decommissioning activities at SONGS. Naturally occurring radionuclides , including beryllium-? (Be-7), potassium-40 (K-40), thorium-228 (Th-228) and thorium-230 (Th-230) were detected in both control and indicator locations at similar concentrations and are not related to the operation of SONGS. Refer to Appendix B for a more detailed discussion. 3 Land Use Census In accordance with 10CFR Part 50, Appendix I, Section IV.B.3, each year a Land Use Census is performed to identify any changes in the use of areas at and beyond the site boundary. Modifications to the monitoring program are made if required by the results of this census to reflect new or changes in locations for pathways of exposure around the plant. Appendix F of the report identifies changes to the census in 2017; no changes in the sampling media or sample locations were required . However, the SONGS indicator garden was relocated to a location near Air Sampler #11. 4 Quality Assurance To assure quality of sample analyses, a portion of REMP is devoted to quality assurance. All REMP activities, including support contractors , are assessed as defined in Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1. The quality assurance program's main aspects include process quality control, instrument quality control , comprehensive data reviews , cross-check analyses, and audits. Routine REMP assessments ensure that the program , procedures and personnel are performing satisfactorily. Samples are collected using approved methods; radiochemical analyses of these samples are performed using standardized analytical methods . Quality audits and independent technical reviews help determine areas that need attention . Thes~ areas are addressed in accordance with the station's Corrective Action Program . Duplicate sampling of the environment is performed by SONGS to demonstrate repeatability of the sample collection , preparation , and analysis process. Split sample analysis is performed for the evaluation of the precision and bias trends of the method of analysis without the added variables introduced by sampling . SONGS participates in a sample splitting program with the California Department of Public Health Radiological Health Branch (CDPH-RHB) in accordance with the site's REMP procedures . GEL Laboratories, LLC (GEL) performs the radiochemistry analysis of samples noted within this report. GEL performs the requested analysis under its Quality Assurance Program , which meets the requirements of Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Appendix B Part 50, ASME NQA-1 and Regulatory Guide 4.15 Revision 1. The measurement capabilities of the radiological laboratory are demonstrated by participating in an inter-laboratory measurement assurance program and performing duplicate and split sample analyses. Approximately 10% of the analyses performed are quality control samples, consisting of inter-laboratory measurement assurance program samples, duplicate samples, and split samples . The inter-laboratory measurement assurance program provides samples that are similar in matrix and size to those sampled and measured by the REMP . This program assures that equipment calibrations and sample preparation methods accurately measure radioactive material in samples. See Appendix C for detailed QA measurement data. Page 112
2017 AREOR Stanford Dosimetry performs the environmental TLD analyses noted in this report. Stanford Dosimetry performs the requested analyses under its quality assurance program which meets the requirement of Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 50, Appendix B, ASME NQA-1 and Regulatory Guide 4.15 Revision 1. 5 Program Deviations Any deviation in the conduct of the program as required, either in terms of sample collection or analysis, requires an investigation as to the cause and identification of measures to prevent recurrence . Deviations from the sampling program or sensitivity requirements are acknowledged and explained in Appendix E to this report. 6 Conclusion Radiological environmental data collected throughout 2017 have been evaluated to determine any impact that San Onofre operations has on the surrounding environment. To accomplish this, several methods of evaluation were employed , namely:
- 1. Compilation and verification of all data, as well as a determination of those data considered to be significantly greater than background levels.
- 2. Correlation of effluent concentrations to concentrations in the environment. Refer to Appendix B.
- 3. Examination of time dependent variations of pertinent radioisotopes in selected environmental media throughout the year at both indicator and control locations.
- 4. Comparison of radioactivity in various media in 2017 against the levels observed in preoperational years.
- 5. Historical trending of radionuclides in various media during operational years .
This evaluation did not identify any radionuclides attributable to the operation of SONGS above background in any sample measurement or media. It is concluded that the operation of SONGS throug h 2017 had no observable radiological environmental impact. 7 References
- 1. SONGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Revision 11 , Section 5.0, 2017.
- 2. SONGS Radiological Monitoring (RM) Procedures
- a. SDS-CH2-PGM-1006, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program
- b. SDS-CH2-PCD-1023, Review, Analysis and Reporting of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) Data
- 3. NUREG/CR-4007 , "Lower Limit of Detection: Definition and Elaboration of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental Measurements", August 1984.
Page 113
2017 AREOR APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TYPE AND SAMPLING LOCATIONS Page 114
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 2 - Direct Radiation Measuring Locations 1 City of San Clemente (Former SDG&E Offices) (Control) 5.7 NW 2 Camp San Mateo - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 3.6 N 3 Camp San Onofre - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 2.8 NE 4 Camp Homo - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.4 E 6 Old El Camino Real (AKA Old Highway 101) 3.0 ESE 8 Noncommissioned Officers' Beach Club 1.4 NW 10 Bluff 0.7 WNW 11 Former Visitors' Center 0.4b NW 12 South Edge of Switchyard 0.2b E 13 Southeast Site Boundary (Bluff) 0.4b ESE 15 Southwest Site Boundary (Office Building) 0.1b SSE 16 East Southeast Site Boundary 0.4b ESE 19 San Clemente Highlands 4.9 NNW 22 Former US Coast Guard Station - San Mateo Point 2.7 WNW 23 SDG&E Service Center Yard (Control) 8.1 NW 31 Aurora Park - Mission Viejo (Control) 18.6 NNW 33 Camp Talega - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) (Control) 5.9 N 34 San Onofre School - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 1.9 NW 35 Range 312 - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.8 NNE 36 Range 208C - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.1 NE 38 San Onofre State Beach Park 3.4 SE 40 SCE Training Center - Mesa 0.7 NNW 41 Old Route 101 - East 0.3b E 44 Fallbrook Fire Station (Control) 17.7 E 46 San Onofre State Beach Park 1.0 SE 47 Camp Las Flores - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) (Control) 8.6 SE 49 Camp Chappo - MCB (Control) 12.9 ESE 50 Oceanside Fire Station (Control) 15.6 SE 53 San Diego County Operations Center (Control) 44.2 SE 54 Escondido Fire Station (Control) 31 .8 ESE 55 San Onofre State Beach (U1 West) 0.2b WNW Page I 15
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR lt%j':l'X~t", *~rz,,
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.,,~<;;1 56 San Onofre State Beach (U1 West) 0.2b w 57 San Onofre State Beach (Unit 2) 0.1b SW 58 San Onofre State Beach (Unit 3) 0 .1b s 59 SONGS Meteorological Tower 0 .3b WNW 61 Mesa - East Boundary 0 .7 N 62 MCB - Camp Pendleton 0.7 NNE 63 MCB - Camp Pendleton 0.6 NE 64 MCB - Camp Pend leton 0.6 ENE 65 MCB - Camp Pendleton 0 .7 E 66 San Onofre State Beach 0 .6 ESE 67 Former SONGS Evaporation Pond 0.6 NW 68 Range 21 OC - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 4.4 ENE 73 South Yard Facility 0.4b ESE 74 Oceanside City Hall (Backup Control) 15.6 SE 75 Gate 25 MCB 4.6 SE 76 El Camino Real Mobil Station 4.6 NW 77 Area 62 Heavy Lift Pad 4.2 N 78 Homo Canyon (AKA Sheep Valley) 4.4 ESE Table 3 - Airborne Radioactivity Sampling Locations 1 City of San Clemente (City Hall) 5.1 NW 7 AWS Roof 0 .18b NW 9 State Beach Park 0 .6 ESE 10 Bluff 0.7 WNW 11 Mesa EOF 0.7 NNW 12 Former SONGS Evaporation Pond 0 .6 NW 13 Marine Corp Base (Camp Pendleton East) 0 .7 E 16 San Luis Rey Substation (Control) 16.7 SE Page I 16
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 4 - Soil Sampling Locations 1~**, *~ :. f; .17,~ Fl<"~.<<~"~"'"'!"":"}' ',,,...~,7'*,:,,~,rnit;Jf\~ffi'.*:!""t,*?if;!IU'P:r,~~~::"B"'*"' '"-;;*~~l'~~ffft'ff>177s"f;'l>~
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ili:.:,._..?y":t~* 1 :~,~ .,.: :iilhlt~};,li_/_;.;.;..~;;r~,.1,~:Ulfif.;~;u.I~~~-N/~t,>'-'~~~i.; 'Jla~il;_._,,t,1o£,((i1.t~~ iR.l.l~':.i£1.~ ~; 1 Camp San Onofre 2.8 NE 2 Old Route 101 - (East Southeast) 3.0 ESE 3 Basilone Road/ 1-5 Freeway Off ramp 2.0 NW 5 Former Visitors Center 0.4b NW 7 Prince of Peace Abbey - Oceanside (Control) 15 SE Table 5 - Ocean Water Radioactivity Sampling Locations ,"*. ,' l '
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1 ., .. .. ~: :r" ,.,.~ t: ... ,..*..:,~~*.:.~ *.}'.t/t.,,',1,; :. ' * .,,, ::~,,_*,.,.,~ '.<..-- ... ~**~- ' \ . . - ; ** '.,.fit£,,.;,/-:~.~,._. ,*, ... t: A Station Discharge Outfall - Unit 1 0.6 SW B Outfall - Unit 2 1.5 SW C Outfall - Unit 3 1.2 SSW D Newport Beach (Control) 30.0 NW 51 Unit 2 Conduit (not listed in the ODCM) 0.1 SW 52 Unit 3 Conduit (not listed in the ODCM) 0 .1 SSW Table 6 - Drinking Water Radioactivity Sampling Locations 4 Camp Pendleton Drinking Water Reservoir 2.0 NW 5 Oceanside City Hall (Control) 15.6 SE Table 7 - Shoreline Sediment Radioactivity Sampling Locations San Onofre State Beach (Southeast) 0.6 SE 2 San Onofre Surfing Beach 0.8 WNW 3 San Onofre State Beach (Southeast) 3.5 SE 4 Newport Beach North End (Control) 29.1 NW Page 117
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 8 - Local Crops Sampling Locations
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A San Onofre Kelp Bed 1.5 s B San Mateo Kelp Bed 3.8 WNW C Barn Kelp Bed 6.3 SSE E Salt Creek (Control) 11 to 13 WNW to NW Table 11 - Backup Kelp Sampling Locations G Capistrano Beach Reef (not listed in the ODCM) 8.9 to 9.1 NW H San Clemente Pier (not listed in the ODCM) 5.7 to 5.8 NW Wheeler North Artificial Reef (not listed in the ODCM) 5.3 WNW Page I 18
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 12 - Ocean Bottom Sediment Sampling Locations ~ ,J*;' *~ '~1'?~,{>.,t<~~\-_fc" ' . ~.. r "" ..,~~'ff', 1~=1!;"'"'Jrf;t"j~7}1T"i1:;-'5.~~~-,;i .~f1'-'- . '"'" '""', *:~*.pi:f;~~~*&,y:_,,,*~~,1' j;A
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B Unit 1 Outfall 0.8 SSW C Unit 2 Outfall 1.6 SW D Unit 3 Outfall 1.2 SSW E Laguna Beach (Control) 20-25 NW F SONGS Up-coast 0.9 WSW 51 Unit 2 Conduit (not listed in the ODCM) 0.1 SW 52 Unit 3 Conduit (not listed in the ODCM) 0.1 SSW NOTES a Distance (miles) and Direction (sector) are measured relative to Units 2/3 midpoint as described in the ODCM Rev. 8. Direction determined from degrees true north. b Distances are within the Units 2/3 SAB/EAB (Site Area Boundary/Exclusion Area Boundary) c Soil samples are not required by Technical Specifications. d Kelp samples are not required by Technical Specifications. e Backup kelp sampling locations are only used if needed, In 2017 , no samples were obtained from backup kelp sampling locations. MCB Marine Corps Base (Camp Pendleton) Page I 19
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 13 - Sector and Direction Designations Sector Center Sector 22.5° Direction Limit Line Limit Sector 348.75 0 & 360 11 .25 A N 11 .25 22 .5 33.75 B NNE 33.75 45.0 56 .25 C NE 56 .25 67.5 78 .75 D ENE 78 .75 90.0 101 .25 E E 101.25 112.0 123.75 F ESE 123.75 135.0 146.25 G SE 146.25 157.0 168.75 H SSE 168.75 180.0 191 .25 J s 191 .25 202 .5 213 .75 K SSW 213.75 225.0 236 .25 L SW 236 .25 247.5 258 .75 M WSW 258.75 270.0 281 .25 N w 281 .25 292.5 303.75 p WNW 303 .75 315.0 326 .25 Q NW 326 .25 337.5 348 .75 R NNW Page I 20
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR PACIFIC OCE.AN radius San Onofre REMP Sector NI Seclor E One-Mi e Radius w E nlsID
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1- - --- APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Ktllp l - ' 9 B
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San Onofre REM P Five -Mile Radius 0 4P l.dt;2!3~ Air Clq, SectorN w liJ Dl1r&.ilg w:iei-
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San Onofre REMP 30-MUe North 0 lkvla213~
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San1Onofre RE P 45-Mlle South
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2017 AREOR APPENDIX B. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS OF 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL DATA Page I 26
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR To assess the changes or trends in the radioactivity level in the environment over the past year, the data from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017 were evaluated. A summary of the type and number of REMP samples obtained in 2017 appears in Table 14. The analysis results , as presented below, support the conclusion that all measured levels of radioactivity are attributable to sources external to SONGS (fallout from the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, or Chernobyl, residual fallout from legacy atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, and discharge of medically administered 1-131 from the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall). Cs-137 has been intermittently detected in the indicator and in the control soil samples in past years and no correlation between Cs-137 level in soil and proximity to the plant has been observed . Cs-137 levels in marine animal flesh found in indicator samples closely mirror those found in control samples. We conclude that SONGS had no statistically significant radiological environmental impact during 2017. Table 14 - REMP Sample Analysis Summary for 2017 Direct Radiation Dosimetry Quarterly 49 195c Gross Beta 8 415 Weekly Airborne Particulates 1-131 8 415 Gamma Quarterly 8 32 Gamma 4 48 Monthly Ocean Water H-3 4 48 H-3 Quarterly 4 16 Gamma, 2 24 Drinking Water, H-3 Monthly 2 24 Unfiltered Gross Beta 2 24 Shorel ine Sediment Gamma Semi-Annually 4 8 Ocean Bottom Sed iment Gamma Semi-Annually 7 14 Marine Species, Flesh Gamma Semi-Annually 3 24 Local Crops Gamma Semi-Annually 2 1ob Kelp Gamma Semi-Annually 4 8 Soil Gamma Annually 5 5 NOTES
- a. The total number of analyses includes environmental samples not required by the ODCM , such as ocean water and ocean bottom samples from locations not listed in the ODCM .
- b. An extra sample of yellow squash was taken in the fall of 2017 at each location .
- c. Environmental dosimeters used for ISFSI monitoring not included in this total.
Page 127
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR A. Results and Discussions of 2017 Environmental Data
- 1. Direct Radiation Direct gamma radiation is monitored in the environment by calcium sulfate (CaS0 4 )
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) placed at 49 locations and analyzed quarterly per ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014 standards. The natural direct gamma radiation varies according to location because of differences in the natural radioactive materials in the soil, soil moisture content, and other factors. Figure 9 compares the direct gamma radiation measurements for indicator and control locations with those from the site EAB. The values plotted are the averages for all of the stations according to type. The trends of Figure 9 clearly show that any contribution from SONGS to the off-site environment direct dose component is negligible, being indistinguishable from the background variation . Beginning in October 2016, SONGS implemented new ANSI/HPS N13-37-2014 for environmental dosimetry system design and implementation. In accordance with this standard, the raw TLD resu lts are adjusted by the exposure to air kerma (8. 76 mGy/R) and air kerma to ambient dose (1 .2 rem/Gy) conversion factors described in ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014, Section 3.2.1 . This change results in a slight increase in the value of the dose, by a factor of 1.05 mrem/mR. Previous results in the AREOR were expressed in mR, but in keeping with ANSI N13.37, 2017 results are expressed in mrem . TLDs located greater than five miles from SONGS are generally considered control TLDs. The indicator locations are selected as inner and outer rings as required by the ODCM. Additional TLDs are placed at locations of interest such as schools and hospitals. All 2017 control location TLD readings were below the minimum detectable dose and all 2017 indicator location readings outside the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB) were below the minimum detectable dose. The Annual Public Dose, as referenced in Table 15, is based on the potential member of the public exposure at the listed location . For offsite locations, the occupancy factor is 1, for potential full-time occupancy. For onsite locations, at or near the EAB/CAB, the occupancy factor is determined per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, Direct Radiation Exposure Controls and Monitoring. The data indicate detectable direct radiation measurements only in the immediate vicinity of SONGS, via those dosimeters placed either within or immediately adjacent to the EAB. The hypothetical maximum associated exposure to a member of the general public, adjusted for occupancy per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, is less than 1 mrem per year as measured by this sample media. Refer to Table 15 for a summary of all 2017 SONGS REMP TLD data . Page I 28
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Average Quarterly TLD Exposure (mrem/std. qtr) 25 20 U'
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5 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Figure 9 - SONGS REMP TLD data through 2017 Figure 9 compares environmental radiation levels of indicator and control locations for 2017 and previous years. These figures show the close correlation between the control and indicator location TLD exposure data. Beginning in 2016, the results have been increased by the conversion factors as described above. This increase, of roughly 1 mrem/quarter, can be seen in Figure 9 above. Ten laboratory control TLDs were analyzed quarterly. TLD numbers 1, 23, 31 , 33, 44, 47, 49, 50, 53, 54 and 74 are control TLDs. Separate TLDs are used to compensate for transit dose and a fade TLD is used to evaluate for the time and temperature dependent "fade" that may affect dosimeter data . After the samples were analyzed , the measured doses were corrected for pre and post fi eld exposure times . Neutron dosimeters were placed at REMP TLD station 55 and at selected locations around the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI). In 2017 no neutron radiation was detected at station 55. Some neutron radiation (up to 2.4 mrem/quarter) was detected at some of the ISFSI locations.
- a. Direct Radiation baseline evaluation and estimation of natural background An in-depth analysis of the environmental radiation results for the period of 2001 through 2010 was completed for all the monitoring locations. It can be inferred that if the standard deviation was low and no additional exposure above background was identified at a particular station , the average of that station's radiation exposure results should be equal to natural background (baseline) at that location. The baseline results for REMP TLDs have been summarized with the annual and quarterly values in the 2017 TLD Data Table. Natural background radiation is variable and a minor shift in location can yield a measurable change in background radiation . Therefore if a TLD is moved the baseline (background) for that location may be affected.
Page 129
APPENDIX B 20 17 AREOR The baseline environmental exposure analysis of 2001 through 2010 environmental TLD results included an assessment of the standard deviation of the quarterly results and annual totals at each control location . This is an appropriate methodology to determine the ability to detect radiation exposure above background , described in ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014, "Environmental Dosimetry - Criteria for System Design and Implementation ." The quarterly and annual results expressed in Table 15 are positive exposure if they exceed either 5 mrem quarterly or 10 mrem annually. If not, the measurement is noted as "ND" for "Not Detectable. An empirical determination of the background baseline for stations within the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB) is not possible due to the known plant related radiolog ical activities (e.g., storage and transport of radioactive materials) that occurred during the baseline calculation study period. The average of the non-EAB stations close to the beach was approximately 15.8 mrem per quarter. A value of 15.8 mrem per quarter was conservatively selected as the baseline for the REMP stations located within the EAB. In 1980 the Department of Energy (DOE) conducted an Aeri al Radiological Survey of SONGS and the surrounding area. The baseline/background value of 15.8 mrem per standard quarter within the SONGS EAB is consistent with the 1980 gamma exposure rates reported by the DOE for the areas immediately north and south of SONGS , taking into account the reduction in environmental radioactivity and background dose rates caused by the decay of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing fallout since 1980. Page I 30
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 15 - SONGS REMP TLD Data City of San Clemente 5.7 18.4 17.9 18.1 17.3 18.6 ND ND ND ND 73.5 71 .8 ND ND 2 Camp San Mateo - MCB 3.6 19.6 18.8 18.9 18.3 19.6 ND ND ND ND 78.2 75.7 ND ND 3 Camp San Onofre - MCB 2.8 17.2 16.9 17.7 16.7 18.3 ND ND ND ND 68.9 69.6 ND ND 4 Camp Homo - MCB 4.4 19.0 17.9 19.1 18.7 18.4 ND ND ND ND 76.0 74.0 ND ND 6 Old Route 101 (ESE) 3 12.0 9.7 12.8 10.8 12.1 ND ND ND ND 47.9 45.3 ND ND Noncomm issioned Officers' ND 8 1.4 16.2 16.3 16.5 16.7 16.5 ND ND ND ND 65.0 66.0 ND Beach Club 10 Bluff 0.7 17.2 16.0 17.0 15.8 17.7 ND ND ND ND 69.1 66.6 ND ND 19 San Clemente Highlands 4.9 18.7 18.3 19.7 18.7 19.3 ND ND ND ND 75.0 76.0 ND ND Former US Coast Guard 22 2.7 18.8 17.9 19.2 17.8 19.4 ND ND ND ND 75.4 74.3 ND ND Station I SDG&E Service Center Yard I I I I I I I 23 (Control) I 8.1 I 16.6 I 15.5 I 15.9 I 15.3 I 17.0 I ND ND ND ND 66.3 63.7 ND ND I Aurora Park - Mission Viejo I I 31 (Control) I 18.6 I 19.4 I 19.3 I 19.6 I 19.4 I 19.6 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 77.9 I 77.9 ND ND Camp Talega - MCB 33 5.9 19.9 18.3 18.7 19.4 20.7 ND ND ND ND 79.3 77.1 ND ND (Control) 34 San Onofre School - MCB 1.9 17.0 16.3 17.3 16.0 16.7 ND ND ND ND 68.0 66.2 ND ND 35 Range 312 - MCB 4.8 17.8 16.1 15.5 15.5 16.4 ND ND ND ND 71.0 63.5 ND ND 36 Range 208C - MCB 4.1 20.5 19.4 21 .1 19.2 20.8 ND ND ND ND 81.8 80.5 ND ND 38 San Onofre State Beach Park 3.4 15.0 13.4 15.3 13.7 14.1 ND ND ND ND 60.1 56.5 ND ND 40 SCE Training Center - Mesa 0.7 18.0 17.4 17.8 17.0 18.5 ND ND ND ND 71 .9 70.7 ND ND Fallbrook Fire Station 44 17.7 14.7 15.9 15.0 14.5 15.6 ND ND ND ND 58.9 61 .0 ND ND (Control) 46 San Onofre State Beach Park 1 12.8 11.8° 12.4 12.7 13.5 ND ND ND ND 51 .2 50.4 ND ND Camp Las Flores - MCB 47 8.6 14.0 16.2 15.8 15.4 16.2 ND ND ND ND 55.8 63.5 ND ND (Control) I Camp Chappo - MCB 49 (Control) I 12.9 I 14.9 I 15.8 I 15.6 I 15.3 I 16.3 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 59.8 I 63.0 I ND I ND I Oceanside Fire Station 50 (Control) I 15.6 I 17.4 I 18.2 I 17.7 I 16.6 I 17.6 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 69.7 I 70.0 I ND I ND San Diego County 53 1 Oeerations Center (Control' I 44.2 I 19.1 I 20.0 I 19.4 I 18.7 I 20.1 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 76.6 I 78.2 I ND I ND Escondido Fire Station 54 31 .8 16.9 18.6 17.8 16.9 18.0 ND ND ND ND 67.7 71.4 ND ND (Control) 61 Mesa - East Boundary 0.7 16.2 15.1 15.6 15.1 16.7 ND ND ND ND 64.9 62.5 ND ND 62 Camp Pendleton 0.7 13.9 12.6 12.8 12.6 14.2 ND ND ND ND 53.0 52.2 ND ND 63 Camp Pendleton 0.6 14.6 14.1 14.7 13.8 14.8 ND ND ND ND 58.3 57.5 ND ND 64 Camp Pendleton 0.6 15.8 14.7 15.7 13.9 16.2 ND ND ND ND 63.2 60.5 ND ND Page I 31
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR 65 Camp Pendleton 0.7 14.1 13.3 13.7 13.0 14.3 ND ND ND ND 56.6 54.3 ND ND 66 San Onofre State Beach 0.6 14.7 14.0 14.5 14.1 14.8 ND ND ND ND 58.4 57.4 ND ND Former SONGS Evaporation 67 0.6 17.8 17.1 17.9 16.9 18.3 ND ND ND ND 71.2 70.2 ND ND Pond 68 Range 210C - MCB 4.4 15.8 16.4 16.6 15.6 18.1 ND ND ND ND 63.3 66.7 ND ND Oceanside City Hall (Backup 74 15.6 14.0 14.3 13.7 13.1 13.7 ND ND ND ND 56.1 54.8 ND ND Control 75 Gate 25 MCB 4.6 16.7 15.5 16.3 15.9 16.7 ND ND ND ND 66.9 64.4 ND ND 76 El Camino Real Mobil Station 4.6 18.2 18.4 18.9 18.2 18.8 ND ND ND ND 73.0 74.3 ND ND 77 Area 62 Heavy Lift Pad 4.2 20.2 18.5 20.9 19.3 20.5 ND ND ND ND 80.8 79.2 ND ND 78 Horno Canyon 4.4 11.7 11 .6 13.7 11.4 11 .8 ND ND ND ND 46.9 48.5 ND ND 11 Former Visitors' Center
- 0.4 15.8 16.1 16.1 16.4 15.7 ND ND ND ND 63.1 64.3 ND ND 12 South Edge of Switchyard
- 0.2 15.8 17.0 16.9 17.0 16.7 ND ND ND ND 63.1 67.7 ND ND Southeast Site Boundary 13 0.4 15.8 20.3 20.8 18.7 20.2 ND 5.1 ND ND 63.1 80.1 17.0 0.0 Bluff)
- Southeast Site Boundary 15 a 0.1 15.8 20.3 21.5 19.9 21.5 ND 5.8 ND 5.8 63.1 83.3 20.3 0.7 Office Bid East Southeast Site 16 a 0.4 15.8 17.5 16.7 15.6 17.3 ND ND ND ND 63.1 67.0 ND ND Bounda 41 Old Route 101 - East
- 0.3 15.8 15.7 15.8 15.4 16.3 ND ND ND ND 63.1 63.0 ND ND San Onofre State Beach (U1 55 West a. d 0.2 15.8 18.6 18.3 18.3 18.6 ND ND ND ND 63.1 73.8 10.7 0.4 San Onofre State Beach (U1 56 0.2 15.8 15.4 17.6 15.1 17.2 ND ND ND ND 63.1 65.3 ND ND West
- San Onofre State Beach (Unit 57 2 a 0.1 15.8 16.7 15.8 16.6 16.9 ND ND ND ND 63.1 66.0 ND ND San Onofre State Beach (Unit 58 3 a 0.1 15.8 17.6 17.7 17.2 17.1 ND ND ND ND 63.1 69.5 ND ND SONGS Meteorological 59 0.3 15.8 19.9 19.6 19.3 20.6 ND ND ND ND 63.1 79.3 16.3 0.9 Tower
- 73 South Yard Facility
- 0.4 15.8 18.6 18.8 17.6 19.1 ND ND ND ND 63.1 74.0 11 .0 0.6 NOTES:
- a. Station is within the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB). The quarterly baseline has been estimated to be 15.0 mR within the EAB.
- b. ND indicates that the TLD did not measure exposure greater than 3cr0 or 3crAabove the historical baseline , for that location. See ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014 for information on the determination of 3cr 0 or 3crA.
C. Public dose is calculated based on an occupancy factor of 1 (full time exposure) for locations offsite. Public dose is calculated per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007 for locations in the EAB/CAB
- d. Station 55 includes neutron dose, estimated using a neutron signal (Rn) conversion factor of 10.5*Rn/rem (HPSTID 08-015)
- e. SCE-46 TLD lost in 01. Calculated value is based on ratio of SCE-46 to nearby location SCE-66 in 2016 04.
- f. 1.051 mrem/mR from ANSI N13.37-2014 , Section 3.2.1 Page 132
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- b. Quality Control Duplicate Direct Radiation Samples Duplicate Quality Control (QC) TLD was installed adjacent to TLD #66. The duplicate TLDs agreed closely with the indicator TLDs, see Appendix C for results . These TLDs were not required by the ODCM and are not included in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data .
- c. ISFSI Direct Radiation Samples Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) TLDs were placed in the vicinity of the ISFSI. Data from these TLDs have not been included in the statistical summary of REMP data since these TLDs are not required by the ODCM . The ISFSI data are listed and discussed in Appendix I.
- 2. Airborne Particulate, Iodine, and Composite Isotopic Analyses Air particulate samples were collected on a weekly basis from seven indicator locations and from one control location. The samples were analyzed for gross beta activity, 1-131, and composited quarterly for gamma isotopic analysis . Sample locations were selected according to the req uirements of the ODCM.
Gross beta analysis is a measure of total radioactivity of beta-emitting radionuclides in a sample. Beta radiation is emitted by many radionuclides, but beta decay gives a continuous energy spectrum rather than the discrete energy lines or peaks associated with gamma radiation. Gross beta measurements can only be used as an indicator of potentially elevated levels; it does not identify specific radionuclides . Gross beta measurement data serves as a screening tool to determine if further analysis is required. All weekly gross beta activity analysis results were above the MDC. The concentration of ~ross beta activity in the samples collected from the indicator locations ranged from 0.009 pCi/m to 0.096 pCi/m 3 , averaging 0.025 pCi/m 3 of air. The concentrations of gross beta activity in the samples from the control location ranged from 0.008 to 0.091 pCi/m 3 , averaging 0.026 pCi/m 3 of air. There is seasonal variability to the gross beta results for air samplers, and the magnitude of the results in 2017 are not significantly different from what has been seen in previous years . Near the later portion of 2017, there was a noticeable increase in the gross beta data for all locations, both control and indicators. This trend will be monitored in 2018, and the fact that the trend is evident in both control and indicator locations shows that this is not the result of releases of radioactive material from SONGS. Per the requirements of the ODCM, Section 5, Table 5-1 , an assessment was performed to determine whether the gross beta activity of the indicators exceeded 10 times the background ( control location #16). The results showed that indicator locations maximum gross beta activity in air in 2017 was 0.096 pCi/m 3 which is less than 10 times the average background measured at the control location (0.026 pCi/m3). No further action is required by the ODCM . Indicator samples analyzed for 1-131 were all identified below the MDC. No action was required by the ODCM. In summary, average quarterly air particulate sample beta activity from the indicator stations and control station have been compared historically through 2017. The average of the indicators trends closely with the offsite control values . The comparison illustrates that SONGS has not contributed to detectable levels of radioactive material in the environment around the plant. There has been no detectable impact of the plant on air radioactivity. These stations are located near the site boundary downwind from the plant, based on the prevailing wind direction. The beta activity measured in the air particulate samples is from naturally occurring radioactive material. Gamma analyses are performed on quarterly composites of the air particulate samples to determine if any activity is from SONGS. The gamma analyses have revealed no radioactivity from SONGS. Page I 33
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- 3. Ocean Water Monthly ocean water samples were collected from three indicator locations near each station discharge and from the control location at Newport Beach. The samples were analyzed for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related gamma-emitting radionuclides, including tritium.
Quarterly composite ocean water samples were analyzed for tritium according to ODCM requirements . Throughout 2017, only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in the monthly gamma spectral analyses of ocean water. Monthly ocean water samples were also analyzed for tritium, consistent with the State of California Department of Public Health (DPH) split sample program. During 2017 all REMP ocean water sample results for tritium were below the count specific MDC. The data indicate that the operation of SONGS had no measurable impact on the environment as measured by ocean water.
- 4. Drinking Water In 2017, monthly drinking water samples were collected from one indicator location and from the Oceanside control location. Samples were analyzed for tritium, gross beta, and naturally occurring and SONGS related gamma emitting rad ionuclides. There is no drinking water pathway for liquid effluent at SONGS.
No station related radionuclides were detected in drinking water during 2017. Gross beta activity was identified in some samples, but gamma spectroscopy identified only natural radionuclides . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by drinking water.
- 5. Shoreline Sediment (Beach Sand)
Beach sand was collected semiannually in 2017 from three indicator locations and from a control location situated in Newport Beach . After collection , the samples were analyzed for plant related and naturally occurring radionuclides . Only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in all samples. No plant related radionuclides were reported above the MDC. The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured in beach sand .
- 6. Ocean Bottom Sediments Ocean bottom sediments were collected from three indicator locations and the Laguna Beach control location . The samples were analyzed by gamma spectral analysis for naturally occurring and station related radionuclides . Only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in ocean bottom sediment samples collected during 2017.
Four non-ODCM ocean bottom sediment samples were obtained from two locations, Unit 2 outfall conduit and Unit 3 outfall conduit. The conduit samples were collected to measure the radiological environmental effect potentially resulting from the minor conduit leakage. During 2017, all conduit sample analysis results were below the MDC for station related radionuclides . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by ocean bottom sediments. Page 134
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- 7. Marine Species (Flesh)
Species of adult fish , crustacean and mollusks were collected on a semi-annual basis at the SONGS Unit 1 outfall , the SONGS Units 2/3 outfall and from Laguna Beach control location . The flesh portion of each sample type was analyzed for gamma-:emitting station-related and naturally occurring radionuclides . The results were subsequently reported to SONGS in terms of wet sample weights. Because results based on a wet sample weight are most useful for calculating doses, the results of sample analyses are summarized in terms of "as received" wet weights. No plant related radionuclides were detected above the MDC. Naturally-occurring radionuclides were detected in marine species samples collected during 2017. The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this sample medium.
- 8. Local Crops Fleshy and leafy crops were collected semiannually in 2017 from the SONGS garden and from the control location 21 miles SE from SONGS Units 2/3 midpoint. Tomato, cabbage, sorrel and yellow squash were sampled in 2017, and only naturally occurring radionuclides were identified.
No plant related radioactivity was detected . It is concluded that in 2017 SONGS had no measurable impact on local crops.
- 9. Soil To determine if there is evidence of a build-up of radionuclides in the land near SONGS, indicator soil samples were collected from Camp San Onofre, Old Route 101 , Basilone Road and the East Site Boundary (Former Visitor's center). A control sample was obtained from Prince of Peace Abbey in Oceanside. Surface soil was collected from all indicator and control locations at the depth of 3 inches. The sampling protocol is consistent with the procedure described in HASL-300. Soil sampling is not required by the ODCM.
Soil sa mples were analyzed for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related gamma-emitting radionuclides using gamma spectral analysis. The 2017 soil samples showed measurable levels of naturally occurring radionuclides . Cs-137 was detected in two indicator samples (0.042 and 0.193 pCi/g) and the control sample (0.046 pCi/g). Cs-137 in environmental soil samples at these levels is often attributable to residual nuclear weapons testing fallout or to the Fukushima accident. Cs-137 and strontium-90 (Sr-90) were detected in soil profile analyses conducted in previous years. These radionuclides are mostly due to the nuclear weapons testing fallout depositing on soil and retention of these radionuclides due to their long half-lives. The presence of Cs-137 in the indicator and the control locations in previous years supports the conclusion that the major source of this radionuclide is fallout deposition . During 2017, the operation of SONGS did not have a measurable effect on the environment as measured by soil samples. Page 135
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR 10.Kelp Kelp was collected in April and October of 2017 from the San Onofre kelp beds, San Mateo kelp bed , Barn kelp bed , and from the Salt Creek control location . Upon collection , the samples were analyzed by gamma-spectral analysis for naturally-occurring and station-related radionuclides . Naturally occurring radionuclides (such as K-40, Th-234 and others) were detected in all samples in 2017, from both indicator and control locations. lodine-131 was identified in all samples from April 2017, in both the indicator and control locations. 1-131 was not detected in any of the October 2017 samples, however. lodine-131 is a relatively short-lived radionuclide with an 8-day half-life. It is produced and released from operating nuclear power plants. SONGS is shutdown with the nuclear fuel stored in spent fuel pool so 1-131 is not being generated. That, along with the fact that the 1-131 was identified in either all samples (April) or no samples (October) indicates that these positive results are not from SONGS operations. 1-131 has been detected at indicator and control locations in previous years. 1-131 data in ocean water samples near SONGS have been consistently indistinguishable radiologically from background. The northern control locations are too far away and in the predominantly upstream current direction for the 1-131 activity to be attributable to SONGS. The Salt Creek control kelp sample station near the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall has consistently yielded the highest 1-131 activity measured in kelp and has consistently yielded 1-131 above radiological background. Figure 10 shows a relatively close correlation between indicator and control locations over an extended period, further supporting the assessment that the likely source for this radionuclide is external to SONGS. (Note: Figure 10 includes all 1-131 results, including those that are below the MDC.) 1-131 in Kelp 1.40E-01 l.20E-01 l.OOE-01 ail u
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Figure 10 131 in Aquatic Kelp Refer to Figure 11 for the relative location of the kelp beds, the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall , and the SONGS outfalls. The data strongly support the conclusion that the 1-131 detected in kelp is attributable to medically administered 1-131 discharged through the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall and not to the operation of SONGS. Page I 36
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR SONGS 2014 Kelp Samples 0
~r unita 2/3 Midpoint s,,n J..-n Ovlfol - - o.iru-Figure 11 - Kelp Sampling Locations
- 11. Correlation of Effluent Concentration to Concentrations in the Environment In accordance with 10 CFR 50 Appendix I, Section IV, B.2, data on measurable levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the environment have been evaluated to determine the relationship between quantities of radioactive material released in effluents and resultant radiation doses to individuals from principal pathways of exposure.
REMP samples, both terrestrial and marine, indicated no accumulation of plant-related radioactivity in the environs. No samples exceeded investigation levels and, in fact, all samples with detectable activity were not statistically different from controls and were therefore attributed to non-plant-related sources-past nuclear weapons fallout, Chernobyl , Fukushima, and medical iodine releases in sewage . As such, the operations of SONGS did not have any measurable effect on the environment. The regulatory requirement to evaluate the relationship between quantities of radioactive materials released in effluents and the resultant radiation doses to individuals may be summarized by the following conclusion : Page 137
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Effluent program releases are evaluated annually to determine the receptor(s) with the highest hypothetical dose. The 2017 REMP sample data indicated no accumulation of plant-related radioactive materials in the offsite environment, thereby lending confirmation to the adequacy of the in-plant effluent controls program and dose assessments. Page I 38
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR B. Statistical Summary of REMP Data For 2017 Table 16 - 2017 Quarterly Gamma Dose
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Inhalation Gross Beta 415 0.01 Mesa EOF 0.7 Mi. NNW 0 3 (0.009 - 0.096) (0.013 - 0.096) (0.008 - 0.091 ) (pCi/m ) Page 139
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 18 - Weekly Radioiodine 1-131 Activity
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(pCi/m ) NOTES a This table summarizes the weekly air iodine-131 cartridge data above the MDC. lodine-131 has an 8-day half-life. With reactor shutdown , it is no longer a radionuclide attributable to SONGS b LLD is the a priori limit as prescribed by the ODCM. c The Term <LLD as used means that results had no detectable activity above the minimum detectable. Table 19 - Quarterly Composite Airborne Particulate Gamma Activity
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Air Filter Gamma See Inhalation 32 < LLD (0/28) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/4) 0 3 Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/m ) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40, Th-234 and others) were observed in quarterly composite air samples in 2017. Page 140
APPENDIX 8 2017 AREOR Table 20 - Monthly Ocean Water Activity
< LLD (0/50) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L)
NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Table 21 - Quarterly Ocean Water Tritium Tritium < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/4) 0 (pCi/L) Table 22 - Monthly Drinking Water Activity
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t"1~t,1;*""!"i,,._** ' ~ ~ Drinking Water Gamma See 24 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L) Isotopic Table 1 Drinking Water Oceanside City Hall 3.71 (6/12) 3.71 (6/12) Gross Beta 24 4 < LLD (2/12) 0 (pCi/L) 15.6 Miles SEb 2.37-5.64 2.37 -5.64 Drinking Water H-3 24 2000 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-214, Th-228 , Th-232 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. b The location with the highest annual mean for drinking water gross beta is a control location. Page 141
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
~
Table 23 - Semi-annual Shoreline Sed iment Gamma Activity (pC i/g)
-------~------- ,._ ---
. "' , . ,.,,. " "'*~-~,*:a
. ~ - .
-- --* .. -~ "... " :-: . . :'.\:_;;/gl Beach Sand Gamma See Direct Exposure 8 < LLD (0/6) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g)
NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-2 14, Ra-226 and others) were observed in samples in 2017.
'** ., ,._ -r":_*:*":-_:-~:.?;*,t?~!'~~r:+:a Table 24 - Semi-annual Ocean Bottom Sediment Gamma Activity (pCi/g)
,*f.'
~
- - -"S~ - - - - - - -.-
Waterborne Ocean Bottom Gamma See 14 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Sediment Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-2 14, Ra-226 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Page 142
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 25 - Semi-annual Marine Animal Gamma Activity (pCi/g) California Mussell Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/4) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Keyhole Limpet Gamma See 2 N/A < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Spiny Lobster Gamma See 6 < LLD (0/4) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Sheephead Gamma See 5 < LLD (0/3) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Kelp Bass Gamma See 3 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Black Perch Gamma See 1 < LLD (0/1) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 NOTES a Natural occu rring rad ionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Table 26 - Semi-annual Local Crops Gamma Activity (pCi/g)
,. ' ,.,.,. r,~ .... ~- "; t;-'"f<'<<"-:"':- '--'< --,~, r ~* ..... ~ :.~:-.~~'?;-~ ;.t:,~*:~--. ~,~r~ ~~~ ,,
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- A" ~J..... ~<<
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Sorrell Ingestion Gamma See 2 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Tomato Ingestion Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Cabbage Gamma See 2 N/A < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Yellow Squash Gamma See 2 < LLD (0/1) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Page 143
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 27 -Annual Soil Gamma Activity, 3" Depth (pCi/g) Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/3) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Soil Direct Isotopic Table 1 Radiation (pCi/g) 0.117 (2/3) Old Route 101 3.0 Mi. 0.193 0.046(1/1) Cs-137 4 0.18 0 (0.042-0.19) ESE (0.193 - 0.193) (0.046 - 0.046) NOTES a During 2017 naturally occurring K-40 and other radionuclides were detected above the MDC in most samples. Table 28 -Semi-Annual Kelp Gamma Activity (pCi/g) Gamma See 8 < LLD (0/6) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Kelp Ingestion Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g) 0.113 (3/6) San Onofre Kelp Bed 0.133 0.008 (1/2) 1-131 8 0.06 0 (0.008 - 0.113) 1.5 Mi. S (0 .133 - 0.133) (0.008 - 0.008) NOTES a 1-131 was confirmed above the MDC in 4 of 8 kelp samples. 1-131 is known to be a constituent of sewage plant discharges due to medically administered 1-131 . b During 2017 naturally occurring K-40 and other radionuclid es were detected above the MDC in most samples Page I 44
2017 AREOR APPENDIX C.
SUMMARY
OF QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAMS Page I 45
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR A. Summary All REMP samples are collected, shipped , and analyzed in accordance with NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15. Marine radiological environmental samples are collected by a vendor, MBC Environmental , per the vendors Quality Assurance manual. REMP sample analysis is performed by the Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory (CEAL) in accordance with the Laboratory Quality Assurance Plan . During 2017 the CEAL was General Engineering Laboratory (GEL). The CEAL for REMP TLDs was Stanford Dosimetry. B. Quarterly Duplicate TLDs SONGS deployed a duplicate TLD package in the same location and canister as TLD 66. The quarterly dose measured by these separate TLD packages is statistically equivalent. Table 29 - 2017 Quarterly Duplicate TLD Data Comparison TLD 66 13.28 +/- 0.83 13.79 +/- 0.72 13.46 +/- 1.01 14.11 +/- 0.87 TLD 200 13.02 +/- 0.91 13.61 +/- 1.00 13.18 +/- 0.81 14.27 +/- 0.49 NOTES :
- a. Data is reported as mR per standard quarter+/- 1 sigma C. Annual Duplicate TLDs SONGS deployed a 12-month duplicate TLD package in the same location and canister as TLD
- 67. The annual sum of the quarterly TLD 67 exposure data is not significantly different from the annual TLD 201 results for the 12 months from July 2016 through June 2017.
Table 30 - 2017 Duplicate TLD Data D. Calibration of Air Sampler Volume Meters Air sam plers undergo annual calibration using standards referenced to NIST on all REMP air sampler gas meters. When the gas meters are removed from service, the meter is calibrated and the calibration reports are reviewed for bias. This is an a posteriori review of the gas meter performance to evaluate method bias and to identify possible outlier analysis results. For 2017, the calibration reports for five of the air samplers used in the REMP were reviewed. The as found condition of these samplers were that some (2/5) were negatively biased , up to 28% low (at a flow rate of 1.5 scfm). Others (3/5) were positively biased, up to 22% high. A review of the air particulate beta results over the course of the year did not indicate a particular bias for any particular sampler. The trends in the beta results over the course of the year were consistent regardless of which sampler (location) was being monitored . Page I 46
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR E. lnterlaboratory Cross-Check Program: The CEAL participates in a number of independent cross check programs, including the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Analytics cross-check programs . A summary of the cross-check data is included below. In the 151 quarter of 2017, the gross alpha analysis for water samples did not meet the applicable performance evaluation. This condition was identified and documented by GEL, via CARR170227-1085. The sample was re-analyzed with an acceptable result. In the 3rd quarter of 2017, the 1-131 analysis for water was not acceptable. GEL CARR170828-1125 documented the issue, and the lab determined that the observed positive bias was an isolated occurrence and the laboratory's overall process is in control. Per the 2017 Annual Environmental Quality Assurance (QA) Report, GEL was provided ninety-two (92) individual environmental analyses. The accuracy of each result reported to Eckert & Ziegler Analytics, Inc. is measured by the ratio of GEL's result to the known value . All results fell within GEL's acceptance criteria (100%) In 2017, the environmental TLDs, routine quality control (QC) testing was performed for dosimeters issued by the Environmental Dosimetry Company (EDC). During 2017, 100% (72/72) of individual dosimeters evaluated against the EDC internal performance acceptance criteria (high-energy photons only) met the criterion for accuracy and 100% (72/72) met the criterion for precision. The CEAL's performance meets the criteria described in Reg. Guide 4.15 and ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014. Page 147
APPENDIX C 20 17 AREOR F. Analytical Laboratory Cross Check Program Summary tiJ#tl Laboratories u. a 11be1 h Gtl Cir.1111> oel com TABLE 2 GEL QUARTERLY lNTE RLABORATORY COMPARISO January through March 2017 Page6 of 9 Page I 48
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ma* laboratorlesu , hautLG r:1p 1. 011 com PT Pro1IICII Cilullter I Ya* Raport Cta.11119 I RKalwd 0..
...... .... lnta AllaMa Raporltld v.- AaalJIMCI ValH Al:c:apbnce Utnlta P8rfonUlla Evalllabon EZA 4111120 t 6 02/2:111 7 E1 1674 Car1r111ge !>Cl IOclne-13 1 9.60Et01 9 .67 E+o t D.99 Acceatable EZA 4fll/20 t 6 02/2:111 7 E1 1675 MIik DCIIL slrorrtJum.119 7 ..86Et01 7.4.2 E+o1 1 .06 Accenl;,hle, EZA 4111121116 IJl2!'2 1n 1 E 1 1675 MIik pCL!l. stromlum-90 7 .51lEtOD 1.00E+o1 0 .75 Acceotallle EZA 4111/2016 02/2: 1117 E1 1676 MIik DCI/L IOdlne-131 1.0BEf02 9 .1'4E+o1 1 .11 A.-n!:atlle EZA 41111211 t 6 02/2: 1117 E1 1676 MIil pCI/L CE!llt.m-14 1 1.55EfOG! 1 A3 E+02 1.09 Acceptable EZA 4111121116 IJl2!'2 1n 1 E1 1676 MIik DCI/L am:im.llJm-51 3 .29Ef412 2.BO E+D2 1 .18 A.-nl;,t,le EZA 4111121116 02/2: 1n7 E 1 1676 MIil pCI/L cetilll11-1J4 t .67Ef02 1.78E+o2 O.!M Aeceptable EZA dfh.'2016 02J2 1/1 7 E 1 1676 MIil DCIIL cetil1111-1J7 UJEf(]2 1.2.6E+02 1 .13 -le EZA 4th/21l16 02/2: 1/1 7 E 1 1676 MIik pC VL Ccbalt-56 1.54Ef(]2 1 A6 E+02 1.05 /1.ccepbble EZA 4thl2D16 02/2: 1/1 7 E1 1676 MIil DCIIL MannanE!iSe,54 1.46EH12 1 .29E+02 1 .13 -le EZA 4th/21lt 6 02/2 1/1 7 E1 1676 MIik pCI/L lron-69 1.4SEf02 1 .2:S E+02 1.16 Acceptat,le EZA 41n/20t 6 02)2,1/1 7 E1 1676 MIik pCUL ,llne-65 2.6BEf02 2.44E+D2 1 .10 Accealattle EZA 411112016 02/2:1/1 7 E t 1676 MIik l)CIIL Ccball-60 t .87Efll2 1 .78E+02 1.05 Accer:ilable EZA 4flll2016 0212 1/1 7 E 11677 Water pCI/L IIOdllne-13 1 1.06Efll2 9 .18E+o1 1.15 AfleeO!at>le EZA 4flll2D16 0212 111 7 E 1 1677 water IICVL Certt.m-14 1 1'.47Ef02 1 ,J.8E+02 1.06 AcceDiable EZA 4int21l t 6 02121/1 7 E 1 1677 'W.Jter DCIIL Clllllmlt.m-51 3.0JEf02 2 .7 1E+02. 1.12 Acceol""4e EZA 411112016 02121117 E t 1677 Water pCI/L cetil!El-134 1.59EIC2 1.7JE+02 0 .92 Acceotlt!le EZA 411112D t 6 0212 1117 E1 1677 Water DCIIL cetilian-137 11.Jl!EM)q 1.22E+D2 1 .13 Aoci>otable EZA 411112016 02/2111 7 E1 1677 Water pCI/L Ccbalt* S3 1.49Effl2 1 A2 E+02 1.05 Aooeoiatl4 e EZA 4111.'2016 Ql2J2 111 7 E1 1677 Water l!CIIL Man;..... - 1.35Ef02 1 .25E+02 1 .D8 Aooeoiable EZA 4MD16 02J2 111 7 E 11677 Water pCI/L lron-69 t.35Ef00 1 .21E+D2 1.12 Aooeo1""4 e EZA 411112016 IJ!l/2 111 7 E 1 1677 W<1ter pCI/L Zlne-65 2.61E ffl2 2.36E+02 1 .10 Acceoiable EZA 4lnl2D t 6 D2J2 1n 1 E1 1677 Water pCI/L Cllllillt-60 f .76E*412 1.72E+D2 1.02 Acceotlble ERA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 water pCI/L Bar111111-13l 86.7 85.6 72.D-94..2 Acceotlble E RA f 61 / 20t7 2177/2017 RA0-108 wate r DCIIL cetilll11*134 51.2 52.6 42.4-57.9 Aa:Po1;,,t,1e E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-1oa W.iter pCI/L cetilll11*1J7 118 1 12 10 1 - 126 >.ooepbl,le E RA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 IN,ater DCIIL OOtlall-al 118 1 13 102- 126 ...,,,,.._e E RA 161 / 2Dt7 2127/2017 RA0-108 water pCI/L lr!C-65 2D:2 189 170-222 """"'11:>llle E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 Water DCIIL Gro65 AIDIE 71.6 52.3 27.3 - 65.S Moot E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>.108 W.iter pCI/L Gro65A!plli3 69.6 52.3 27.J-65.S Moot E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 water DCIIL Gro65Beta 37.6 4 1.6 27.7-49.D ~e E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RAD-108 Water pCI/L Radllllll-226 12.3 1.2.7 9.48 - 14. 7 Acceotable ERA 151120 t7 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 water DCUL Radlum.,226 13.1 12. 7 9.48 - 14. 7 ~ e E RA 1lil / 20H 2127/2017 RAD- 108 Water pCI/L Radllllll-22.6 14.2 12.7 9.46- 14.7 """"'11:>Ne E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0- 108 Water llCIIL Radlum-22.8 6.31 6.2 J .83-8.DII .."""""able E RA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0- 108 Water DCIIL R;ldllllll-228 6.36 6.2 3 .83-8.DB Acceol""4 e E RA t &t / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 Water llCI/L Uran\Jmf~\ 12.2 12.6 9 .9 1 - 14,4 "'"""""""'e E RA E RA 161 / 2017 1lil / 2Dt7 2127/2017 2127f2017 RA0- 108 RA0-108 Waler W<lter U<IIL UQ/L
~ *~-
~ 1N111-19.7 18.9 18.4 18A 14.5-21.1 14.5-21.1 Alloeobl>le Acce..htve Page 7 of 9 Page I 49
APPE NDIX C 2017 AREOR tilll Labo atories LL rl '11 nb r O' The Gl:L t.rJIIP *
- ,- ,~ oe1.c001 -
PT Pravldl ERA Gllatert Ya* 115l / 20f 7 Raport CIOllltll 1 ll-'Wd Dolt 2127!2017 ~ 108 Water Ul1lta llCLIL AnaMa
'Tritium RaporleCI YUM 1130D ANWWCI Value 1:2500 A.ccap1anca Llmlhl tD90D - 13800 Parfol.-
E.ltalUallon Acceotible ERA 115l / 2017 '2mlm 17 ~ 108 Water llCI/L Trt!Jum 1160D 12500 1090D - 13800 &"""'*""'e ERA 15l / 2Qf1 2127!20 17 HAl>-108 Water !>Cl.IL slron!JurTH19 60..2 55.5 44.3-63.2 ~e ERA 151 1 2017 2.l'l7/2D17 RA0-108 Wat.er llCLIL strvnllum"89 54.S. 55.5 44.3-63.2 Accenl:mle ERA 16l J 2017 2.!27/2017 ~ 108 Water !>CUL stronlkJm-go 35..9 43.1 31.8-49. 5 ~e ERA 151 / 2017 2177/2'017 ~108 Water l>CLIL Slrontlurn-90 -:n.7 43.1 31.B-49.5 Accent.lile Page8 of 9 Page I 50
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR lCU1! laboralorieS1Lc a rib r o* The Gtl Clr:iup *1. oet.com TABLE2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON April through June 20>17 Page 6of 12 Page I 51
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR
*mill Labora ories u ,
a mb r l hl OEL Grlul) oel co P1' Pnllllllllf
- a.111-,
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ic-
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--e EZ/1 fW2017 07/07/17 E11818 Cartrlmie IICI lodlBe--131 9.93E4M 9..46Ef.01 1.05 Accerriable EZA f&t'2017 07/07117 E 11819 MIil l>NJ1 strma.un -8!1 8.86E&m 9..96E*01 D..89 ..,,,,.,,.,._e EZ/1 tlil/2017 07/07117 E 11819 MIil errn Slralt.'um-90 1.97Ef01 2.,SSEf.01 D..77 EZA fW2017 07/07/17 E H820 MIil r>r.1!1 IDdlBe--131 9 .57EfD1 !l..68E*G1 11.99 ~e AccenbNe EZ/1 E Z/1 Utl2017 1W20 17 07/07117 07/07117 E 11820 E 11820 MIil MIil BCl/l CEl1Um-141 Ctlroll1Um.S 1 1.2 1Ef02 f .7Ec.m U 9E*D2 7 12E*D2 1.02 D..83 - e.
EZA 1&t'2017 07/07117 E11820' MIil OCIIL CMll..lm-134 1.71Ef02 U9Ef.02 0 .9 Aooeotallfe EZ/1 t W2017 07/07/1 7 E11820 MIil BCl/l CSlm-137 231E4l!Q 2..27Etll2 1..112 -e EZA 1&t'2017 07/07117 E11820 MIil l>CIIL Cei>alt.S8 t.8!1Ef-02 1..78Ef.!l2 1.06 -e EZA t&t'2017 07/07117 E 11820 MIil l>Cl/l. Manaa-54 274Et02 2A9Et-D2 1.1 AcceplatJle EZ/1 1W2ll17 07/07117 E 11820 MIil r>Cl/l l'00-59 1.35ct02 1.27Et!l2 1.06 Acceotlble EZ/1 t &t'2017 07/07117 E 11820 MIik pCl/1. Zin~ 3.22Et02 2..96Et!l2 1.09 AttoPnt"'1lle EZ/1 tW2ll17 07/07117 E11820 MIil OCl/1. COiia~ 2.85ct02 2.93Etll2 11.97 Acceotlble EZA f6112ll17 07/07117 E11821 Water l>Cl/l lodlne-131 9.6EEMl1 li.79.E.01 1.1 -e EZA 161.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 Water pCI/L CerlUm-141 1.24Ef02 1..19E+ll2 1..0:S AcceplatJle EZA tW2ll17 07/07117 E 11821 v,ater llCl}l. CITilmlUm.S 1 2'. 43Et02 2.11Etll2 1.t5 ~e EZA t6112ll17 07/07117 E1182t Wa!Er DClll Ceia.Jm-134 1.84Ef02 1..86Ef.!l2 D..98 -e EZA 161120 17 07/07117 E1182 1 Water pCI/L Ce61Jm-137 2.(!IEt-112 2..2f>E+D2 1.1 Acceotlble EZA f&t!2017 07/07/1 7 E 11821 wate_r oCIIL Cobalt.SS f.8EEt02 1.77Etll2 1..06 AccetJtable EZA t&l.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 v,ater pCI/L Mang.inoe&e-54 2.7!1Et02 2..45E+D2 1.13 Accl!Dlallf e ED. 16112D17 07/07/17 E1182 t Water i>CIIL l'00-59 UEEt02 1.27E+ll2 1 .15 Aa:ent3ble EZA t5/J2017 07/07117 E11821 Water i>Cl,'l Zin~ .l.36Ef-02 2.95E+IX1 1.. 14 Aaler!table EZA t&l.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 Water oCl/1 CObalHiO 3.07Ef-02 2.92E+02 1.05 Am<>lllable MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 M3S36 SOI B~ Amerleltn-241 65..7 67J) 46.9-fil'. 1 Aaleotlble MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 211dl'2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B!IIICn CPs!l*m-134 1470 15:50 11)65-2015 ~e IMPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 8!111C<1 Ce41m-137 679 6 11 428-794 AalPnt.bie MAPEP.. 17* F.al6e Po6 MAPEP 2n.<1/2017 06/13117 Mas36 SOI BIIIK<1 Col>.ilt--57 11.812 Te6t Nllll>Olable MAPEP. 17-MAPEP :211<1/2017 06/1311 7 Mas36 Sl:ID Bfl'.KG Cei>alt-60 958 Ht 624*1 158 Accerrta1>1e MAPEP- 17* MAPEP :2r1<1Q0 17 06/13117 Mas36 son B""'" ron.ss 804 812 568-1056 A-e MAPEP. 17-MAf>EP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 8(111(11 ManQ:ane~ 1000 967 6n-1257 AcceDtlble MAPEP. 17- F.al6e Po6 MAPEP 2ndl'2017 06/13117 Mas36 SOI Bfl'Kll NlcleHi3 -.46 Te6! Acceptallle MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 2n<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI Bfl'l(q PlulonlUm-238 D.,574 0.41 Sen!;. E\laL M>lll'Dlaillle MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/20 17 06/13117 M3S36 SOI B...,..,. P1ulonlllrn-2J912.W 51-2 59.8 41.'~n.7 -e MAPEP MAPEP 211dl20 17 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B~ Potali6ltsn-40 624 f,(11 42~78-9 AnlPnlaillle MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 2ndl2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 6(111(<1 Slronlllm-'10 548 624 43H!t 1 Aaler!table MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B!IIICn Tecmelltn-99 64 1 656 4:59-853 Aaleotlble MAPEP MAPEP 2nc1fl017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI Bfl'Ka U-2341233 56_9 48.1 J3.Hi2.5 -allle Page 7of 12 G L Page I 52
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ii r,t) r O hll Gf.L GrJup I PT MAP6? au.w, y-2'1<1!2017 IIIINNt bcll¥NI 0611J.117 MAPEP..17-Mi1S36 SOI Ulllt Bla'KQ AalMl / lllldlll tJr.lnlin.-ZJ8 Ga 53_9 oet com
~
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ADC:eaiable MAPEP..17- 'Fal5e P'o6 MAP6P 2ndl2017 06ltJ117 MilS36 SOI B""'" Zinc~ -4.0 Te&! .........,tallle MAPEP MAPEP MAPE? 2ndtl(l'17 2ndl201'1 2ndl2017 D6l1Jl17 IJ6/t Jl17 D6l 1Jl17 MAPEP.17-Maw36 MAPEP..17-Maw36 MAPEP..17-Maw.li6 Water Water water BQ,1.. Amerltltn-141 Cemm-134 Ce&\Jm-137 0.800'0 0..037 122 0..846 11 .1 0.592-t. 1 F.al6e P'o6 Ter.t 7.8-14.4 AcceotltJle Acoeotlllte Aaleaiable MAPEP..17- 29..0 28.5 MAP6P' :111dt2017 D6l fJl17 Ma"'1J6 Water Ftnl'I Cot>alt-57 20:G-37.1 ~e MAPEP.17- 12.8 12,l 13..6-16.0 MAPEP* 2ndl2017 D6l1Jl17 Ma'NJ6 warer cttia~o ADC:enbllle MAPEP..17- 245 249 MAPEP :111dl2017 D611Jl17 Ma'l'IIJo water Boll 11¥Cll'.1Xlen...J 174~4 Acoeolatlle MAPEP..17- 2.111 1.7 Senli. &al.. MAPEP :111dl2017 D611Jl17 MaVi/36 Water Boil. lmn-55 Aa:eotible MAPEP..17- 15.7 14.9 10.4- 19,4 MAPEP :111d/2017 06/1Jl17 Ma'IVJ6 Water Ftnl'I Manoanelil!-54 ADC:eot.>Ne MAPEP..17- 13.6 122. 8.£-15.9 MA.PEP* :111d12'1117 IJ6/tll17 M.t.'1136 Water Boll NlekfHiJ Aaleaiallle MAPEP 11..635 D.70J D.492--0.9 14 MAPEP 2ndl2017 IJ6/f3117 Ma','IIJo Water BQ,1.. Pll.llonlUm-236 ADC:eDiallle MAPEP..17- D.841 Q.!J34 D.654-1.2 14 MAPEP 2ndl2017 IJ6/1Jl17 Maw36 Water Ptuton1Um-Z3!!12.40 ADl:eDlabll! MAPEP..17- 276 254 17B-3JQ MAPEP :111d/2017 06/1Jl17 MawJo water Pofa&<n-40 ~e IMPE P..17- D.443 0..504 D.353-0.655 MAPEP :111dl2017 06/13117 Ma'iVJ6 warer Boll Radlllm-226 ~e MAPEP..17- 9.27 10.1 7. MJ. 1 MAPEP* 2nd!l017 06/tJ/17 Ma'tllJ6 Water Boll Slran!aim-90 Aaleotlbie MAPEP 5.111 6.~ MAPEP* 2nd!l017 06/13117 Ma','IIJo Water Bai\. Tedlnetll.llll-9!> 4.3B-8.13 ADl:e1Jtll>le MAPEP 1.11 1. 16 0.81-1 .5 1 MAPE ? 2ndl2017 06/tJ/17 MawJ6 Water Rlll1 lkalllum-234.1233 AttoPn1:m1e MAPEP..17- 1.16 1.20 OJ!4- 1.56 MAPEP* :111dl2017 06/13117 Maw:36 Water Elnll tJr.lnltn-238 Aml'Di.mie MAPEP --0.0SD$ Fallie Poli MAP6P :111d!l017 06/1Jl17 MaWJ6 Wall!r BQ/1.. Z)nc,65 T E!!it """"'table MAPEP..17- Fal&e Poli 06/tJl17 x:a:WJ6 Wall!r TE!it Aa:ent>ble MAPEiP 2ndl2017 Boll_ lodlne-129 O.Cl1 MAPEP D.05! 11..0623 D.0436-MAP6P :111dtl017 06/1Jl17 RIIFJ6 un1,;;amn1e tkanltn-235 D.Cl8 10 At>rlPrlbhle MAPEP..17- 8.49 6.6 6.0-1 1.2 MAPEP 2ndtl017 D6/1Jl17 RIIFJ6 Flll!f tJl1/l;;lfflCle lkanll.lll-238 Aml><>lable MAPEP..17- 8.55 3.7 6. 1-1 1.3 MAPEP :111llll017 06/1Jl17 R!lFJ6 Faer ~le Ur.¥11Um-To&al ~ble MAPEP..17- 0.0386 D.0376 0 .0263-MAPEP 2ml/2017 06/tJ/17 RIIFJ6 Flier Bol5amlll,;, AmentflEl,, 241 0:0489 ~Ille MAPEP-17* 1.38 1.42 MA.PEP 2nd/2017 D6/t3117 RIIFJ6 I_,,, Rn!Dmnle C1!61Jm-1J4 0.99-1.115 """"'tlbll! MAPEP D.781 0 .685 D.48(1-{l. 891 MAPEP :111dtl017 06/13117 RIIFJ6 mer Rnl=mnle Cewm-137 ~"'11e MAPEP..17- 1.n 1.70 1.19-2.21 MAPEiP :111d!l017 06/13117 RIIFJ6 mer Rnl=mnle Coooll-57 ~e MAPEP..17- D..86J 0.78 0..55- 1.0 1 MAPEP 2ndtl017 D6l 1Jl17 RIIFJ6 Rief Bnh.lmnle Cooo!HiD ....,,,.._e Page 8 of 12 GEL ~ r*lrkiel UG pg ,m,r t>*i*** ,;,;2911, !!)el~- :o.i.. 1-e-1 ~...,"',1111 ~.-,,.,..;111-1 . .......,.., Page I 53
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR feJ=il Lab ratories t t
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...- '"""'" ~""e PllliDnlllm-238 0.0539 0.04 1!1 ll.0598 O.D46 D.O,U9-0 .01n D.032'2-AoceDlallle MAPEP 211d/2017 06/1311 7 R l2FJ6 Flier BQl&arnClle Plcrlon1Um-2'3g.1240 O.Ds.98 Aoceplallle MN'EP 11543 D.6151 0 .456-D.646 MAPEP 2nd!l0 17 06/13117 RIIFJ6 Fae!' BQhiamDle S!lrooll.lm-90 ~;oNe MAPEP.17- D.lD5 D..104 D.D73-0.1J5 MAPEP 211d!l017 1'.11Kt3117 RIIFJ6 FIiter BQ/6amc,l.e Ul'alllt.m-2J4123l ~ e MAPEP.17- D..tD6 D.107 D:D75-0.1J9 MAPEP 211dl2017 06/1311 7 Rl2FJ6 Flier ...,,._=""e ~ llnl-2311 A,,r,onl""'e MAPEP.17- 1.l4 1.29 0..9-1.68 MAPEP* 2nd/2017 DIK13117 R l2FJ6 Filer Anh<:>m llle Zl1'1Mi5 Aocemallle MAPEP.17- D.OOD41 t Fali'ie P'o5 MAPEP 211dl2017 06113117 RIIIIJ6 \k>oPbll!Jll RoJgm ole Amertclum-241 Tl!li<t Aoceptlble MAPEP.17- 6.56 6..95 4.87-9.GI MAPEP 2nd!l017 06113117 RIIIIJ6 Vf'OPL11fm El!Jh.am ol" CeaJm-134 Aeceplable MAPEP.17* 4.B4 4.60 3.22-5.918 MAPEP 2neli2017 06113117 RIIV'.lo """"tal!Oll An1t::1mllfe CeaJm-137 Aocenbhle MAPEP.17- 0 .0141 Fa151! P'o5 MAPEP* 211d/2017 06/ t 311 7 Rllv.l6 v,,,,.,bUoo Rn1<;;>mr1e Cc!>alt'57 Tl:Sl Accectlllle MAPEP.17- 9 .33 8 .75 MAPEP 211dl2017 06/ t JJ1 7 RIIIIJ6 IIPnPtiHm Bo}&amClle Cd>alt-60 6 .13-1 1.36 Aoceotlble MAPEP.17- 3.39 3.23 MAPEP 2ndfl017 D6lt3l17 RII\IJo VeQelall!lll Bolliamole ...,,""""'e&e-54 2.J.-416 Aoceotllllee MI\P,EP.17- 0 .0506 IJUJ::198 D.0419-MAPEP 211d!l017 06/U/1 7 RIIVJ6 V"""""on ...,,.,, ~""e Plulonlllm-2311 omn ~e PMPEP.17* Oc07S4 D.1189 Oc~2-0.166 MAPEP 211di2!!117 06/13117 RIIVJ6 \H><l<>btlon An*1£.>mn1e Plll!Dr11Um-23g.1240 Acceotabie MAPEP.17- 1.50 1.75 MAPEP 2ndfl017 06/13117 RIIVJ6 VPoPt.Hm Bohamole SlrCl1 Dl.ffl-9D 1.23-2.24 -.,tlble M/IPEP.17- 0 .19 0 .179 D.125-0.2JJ MAPE P 2ndfl017 D6ltYl7 RII\IJo VeoelaUDrl Bolrwlmllle l.lranlt.m-234J233 ~e MAPEP.17- 1.900 D.186 0 .130-0242 MAPEiP 2nd/2017 06/13117 RIIVJ6 '"""'lalloo ..,.,.,="'e 11ran111111.-2J8 """"'1f""'e MAPEP 6.26 5 _39 3.17-7.01 MAPEP 2nd!l017 06/13117 R CIVJ6 V"'1Pl;d1m Bofliamcl.e ZI~ Acceotallle Acceciable ERA ERA 2ncl/20 17 2nd/2017 DS/2Jl17 DS/23117 MRAD-26 MRA0-26 SOI SOI
""'"" Actlnli.m-228 AmBlclum-241 1240 4l!lll 12 411 443 795 - 1720 262-582 AmeEltlbl e ERA 2ncl/2017 DS/23117 M~ Sol DCl/lQ B?srnl.llll-212 !329 12 4D 3JD- 1~20 Aoceptil>le ERA 2oo/2017 DS/2Jl17 MRA0-26 SOI nr.l,..n B1:5nVJlll-214 2790 275D 1660-396D AoceDlable 5790-ERA 2ncl/2017 05il23/17 MRA0-26 SOI
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ERA ERA ERA ERA 2!Vl/2017 2nd/l:017 2 ncl/2017 2nd/l:017 OS/2Jl17 DS/23117 OS/2Jl17 DSl2J/17 M~ M RA0-26 M RAD-'lb MRA0-26 SOI Sol SOI SOI
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ERA 2!¥1/2017 OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 Sol DCl/lo P lutonlUm-239 442 484 316 - 669 Aa:eDlallle 774D - ERA 2111112.017 OSl2J/17 M RAD-26 SOI ..rtn.n Potl66hEl4D 1 1000 10600 14200 J49D-ERA 2ncll2017 0 5123/17 MRAD-26 SOI
=- Slrmmim-9D 6 150 9 15D t4SOO Aoceolabl e Gl!!lliltor Page 9 of 12
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Page I 54
APPENDIX C 20 17 AREOR Meil laboratoriesuc a rnti r o Jh uE.L ti nup aer com PT a..tw,
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RalD E...._ ER.it. 2IICIQ017 05.'23.1'17 MRAD-26 SOI DCl}m Tool1Um-234 3360 1!MO 61't-3GSO Acceclalble ERA 2ndl2017 05.123J17 MRA0-26 SOI r>Cl.tQ 1Jt311111J1-234 1820 1!!5D 1190-2&10 Accelllable EM 2IICIQ017 05123.1'17 MRADc26 SOI DCl.tn lk.lnl11J1-234 2030 1!!5D 1190-2&1D Acceot3ble EM 2ndl.l017 05'2JJ17 MRADc26 $01 r,Cl,l'.fl! lkanlllll-234 2410 1!!5D 1190-2&10 Acce<Jbtlle EAA 2rv:1/2!017 05123117 MRAD,26 SOI pa.~ lk.lnlmn-2311 1800 1g*4 0 1200-2460 AccefJtlllle EAA 2!ldfl017 05123117 MRAIJ.26 SOI DCl,l:q lkanlmn-238 1970 1940 1200-2460 A.ml>m:llble EM 2IICIQ017 0512J117 MRAD-26 SOI r>Cl,I.Q Ut311111J1-238 14SO 1940 1200-2460 Accetiltll>le EM 21lC1121D17 05'23117 MRAD-26 SOI DCl/m UranlUm-Tolal !540 3980 2160-5250 AccentlilJie EAA 2lli1/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI DCl.bl UranlUrn-T<<ai 3750 3980 216'01-5250 Acceot.ble ER.it. 21111!2017 05.'2Yl7 MRAD-26 SOI DCl/la UranlUrn-Tolal 4090 3980 2160-5250 Accer:rtal>le ERA 211i112017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI ~'lq UranJum.Tolal 3860 3980 2 160-5250 AccentlilJie Ui:anJurn-Tolal ERA 2ndfl017 05'23111 MRAD-26 SOI 119'lll ( m:a6' l 52ro 5BOO 3200-72:90 Accectlble UranlUm-Total ERA 2ndl1'017 0512JJ17 MRAD-26 SOI ua..., l mas6l S42JO 58011 3200-72:90 Aocef'll"'11e Ui:anJurn-Tolal ERA 2111112017 05i'2JJ1l MRAD-26 SOI , inr>n (mai;&\ 5000 5800 3200 - 72:90 Acceni-e UranlUm-Total ER.it. 2IICIQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI pqllq (mast;) 4440 S80D 3200 - 7290 Acce<Jbtlle ERA 2ootal17 05i'2JJ17 MRA0-26 SOI ......,,.n ZI~ 702JO 60911 4IIS0 - 8D9D ~e ERA 2ndt2017 0512J/17 MRAD-26 VPOPUnan DCl/ln Aml!l1dUm-2,U 1700 1860 1140-2470 AmPt'hllle ERA 2ndt2017 0512J117 MRAD-26 ""'1<>1"'1Qll r>Cll:tn ceairn- 1341 1660 183D 1180-2380 AccenhNe ERA 2ndl1'017 05123117 MRAD-26 """"iatlon
..,,.,,_ CeslJrn-137 2470 250D 1810 -MSD ..,,,..,,..,.,,.e EM 2IICIQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 Vf>nP.l.."111nn DC,1:Q C~.ilt-611 1350 139D 959 -1940 AttlPnt:ohle ER.it. 2!1iCll2017 OSl2JJ17 MRAD-26 "°""'""llill ""'l:a CUl1Urn-244 629
' 360 - 11,40 -"'e EM 2n<lt2!017 05123117 MRAD-26 v-lat!an DCl/ld Mancranese-54 <32_2 <JOO 0 .00-300 Att,>m3ble ERA Vl'nPlallan ER.it.
2nd17 2rw:ll2017 05123111 05123117 MRAD-26 MRAD--26 -on r>r.111:n l'ltmnlUm-2.33 l'llnlnJurn-239 2aso 1990 325D 215D 1940-445D 1320-29611 Accent.hie Acce-1! 22JOO-EM 2ndfl!017' OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 Vl'nPl.al!on r>r.11:tn PotlS611J'TI-40 30900 J090ll 43400 Accenl'"11e EM VM>>L*UIJn EAA 2ncl/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 N'l,I.Q Slmllbim-90 701 726 414 -963 Accer,1,."'e
-e EM 21111Q017 2ni:lt.!017 D5123!17 05123117 MRAD-26 MRA0-26 V-lallCin n.r.i.to Uranlll:!l-234 l.kanlum-234 2720 3080 3090 309D 2030-3970 2030-397D AcceniEle EAA 2ncl/2017 D512J/17 MRAD-26 VP<1l't.llloo nCl.tQ Uranlum-2J8 .282!11 306D 2040-JllaD Aml><Jiable EAA 2f'll/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 v..,11, b llOO n.r.i,to Uranl11J1-238 302!11 306D 2040-JB91l Accenl""'e EM EM 2f'll/2017 2ndfl017 OSl2Jl17 05123117 MRAD-26 MRAD-26
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EM 21¥112017 05123111 MRAD-26 V-'~*an '""""' 1mas1;1 8910 9250 11700 MY*or,h'hle UranJurn-TOlal 6200-ERA 2IICIQ017 05i23117 MRAD~ veaecauoo ll(Vlq (fflasti ) B44l) 9250 11700 Acceotlble UranlUrn-Tolal 6200-EM 2ndQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 VeoetaUan ua'la {ffl:a6' ) 9000 9250 11700 Allceoiable ERA 2ndQ.017 05123117 MRAD--26 \leoetallan =~ Zlnc:"'65 907 353 615- 1200 Acceotlbie ERA 200l2017 05123117 MRAD-26 fller r,CI.IFU;>< Aml!l1Clum-241 80.6 7&A 47.t - 103 AttPlll"'1:lle EM 2nda017 05123117 MRAD-26 Flier DCIIFUer Ce&\Jrn-134 H40 11 00 700 - 1360 Accem3llll! ERA 2!1iCll2017 05123117 MRAD-26 Flier l)Q'Fl&r Ceairn-137 1490 1J9D 1040- 1B'JD Accem,1ble ERA 2ndl2017 0512J/17 MRAD-26 Flier DC&'Fller Ctlbiilll-611 1t2JO 1D30 797 - 1290 AnlPnbihle ERA 2nd17 OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 FIie!' DCIIFl!ef lllli!l,-515 242 256 79.4-500 AcceCltlble Page 10 of12 l' M.t.JM,t 1n pr ,tiJ,?ll ,Tl 7J Page I 55
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR i[ !lal L.aboratorles u c d n Mb I l hl!I GEL (j rJup PT Plonllr ERA EM au.tar-I 2ndl2017 Raport R8Clllnll Dllbt 05123.117 *- MRAD-26 Rief IN! pCl'flter
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Uranlllm-Tolal ERA 2ndl2017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 FDer , rnlFlller "'1as61 231 217 1J9 -306 --E! ERA """""'.,.,.e ERA 2lldi2017 2ndl'l017 05123117 05'23.f17 MRA0-26 MRAD-26 filer* nCIJRb >r 2ll'!C'65 GRl6&Alcl'la 1t60 112 984 85;5 705 - 1360 28.6 - fJJ Aeceotmle ERA 2rv:1i2017 05123.117 MRA0-26 Aler GRl6& 1BetJ 54-9 45.2 2B.6 -65.9 ...._..:vve EFIA 211dm}17 05123117 MRAD-26 Wate r ""'I L Ametllctum:-241 150 140 90 - 168* ,........,.,..,.e ER.a. 2m:lfl017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Water DCl /1 cewm-134 2300 2510 1840-2680 Aecent>ihle EFIA 2ootll017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water DCI/L Ce<611:Jm-137 1480 1400 1190- 16811 ACcevt:mle ERA 2ndl2017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water DCI/ L cmalt-60 2S70 2540 2210-2971) Aece01al>le ERA 2n,:1121017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water pCL'L too-55 9Z3 984 5137 - 1340 Accefltm!E! EFIA 2oot2017 05123117 MRA0-26 Water DCI/L Mana.lllE!6e-54 <6.J6 << 100 0 .00- 100 AmP<lt>Ne ERA 2rv:1i2017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 Water pCl1l. Pllllllnlllm-238 100 128 94.7 -1 5'9 Acceobl>ie ERA 2fl1r2017 05/2Jl17 MRA0-26 water pCI/L Plulcnlllm-2J9 73.J 85.3 66.6 -103 Aml>Dtltlle ERA 2111112'017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 wate r pClll saooalm-'3D 685 7 14 465-944 Aecemallle EFIA 2111112'017 05123117 MRA0-26 W:ate r pCI/L l.kanl-2J4 82..t 90,,} 67 .8 -11 6 Aoceolable EFIA 2nclf2I017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCI/L Lnnlum-2J4 92 90.J 67.4 - 116 ~E! EFIA 2ndfl017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCl/1 I..Anl mTt-2J4 81.t 9!U 67.8-116 Acceobl>ie EFIA 2nclt'2017 0512Jl17 MRAD--26 water r>r.111 I.Jranl~ 86.7 8!1.S 68.2 -110 AeceDtJllle EFIA 2nctQ017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCIJL lk.lnlmn-2J8 !14. 1 89;5 662-110 Aooeptable EFIA 2111112'017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water oCIJL LR!lf-2JB 9B 89;5 6B.2- no AeceotalllE! ERA 200!2017 0512Jl1 7 MRAD-26 Water DCIIL Uranlllm-Total 18 1 1114 135-2J.'3 AID>otalJle ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRA0-'26 Wate r D!".111 Uranlllm-To&al 17J 1134 tJS -238 Accent>illle ERA 2oo/2017 05123117 MRA0-26 W<lter DCIIL Uranlllm-Total 180 1114 135-238 ACceolallle ERA 2oot2017 DS/2Jl17 MRA0-26 W.iter DCIIL Ur.nlllm-Total 185 184 135 -23!1 ~e UliW'IIUffl-Total ERA 2rxla017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 water !lllfl {mai,r;l 270 263 2 14 -324 Aeceolable Uranlllm-Tol.al ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRA0-26 water lfQll. {mai,r;) 260 263 2 14 -J24 ~e UliW'llllm-Tol.al ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Water unfl.. "'1as6l 252 2611 2 14-3.24 ~E! Uranlllm-Tolal ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water unit lm.-1 276 263 2 14-3.24 A<n>nbble ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water DCI/L 2J~ 2160 1960 1630-2470 Acceotable ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water !lOIL Gnt65Allltla 125 89.S 31.4 - 139 """""'able Page 11 of 12 Page I 56
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR til =i I Laboratories 11 a 111,, r Ct 1h11 m .L Ci~up oer com PT Gllatlr l y-
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t ce1111aMe RIIID E...._ ERA 2ndl2017 05123117 MRA0-26 Wa!E!r r>r.111 Gro&lil!etl 59..6 61 34..9-9DA AttPnt>Ne 1JOOO - ERA 2rx!tl0 17 D512Jf17 MRAD-26 Water oCIJl Tlltl .... 1890D 19400 21700 lla:e<!bbie ERA 2ndt2.017 DSIJOf17 RA0- 1D9 Water DOil Gm65Allllla 79.7 75 3'J!.5 - !123 Acc:e!Jtat-.. ERA 2nd/2017 OSIJOf17 RAD-1119 Water pCI/L GIOl6 Alpha 72..9 75 39.:S *- 92..3 Accellfallle ERA 2nd/2017 OSIJOf17 RAD- 1D9 Water Dall Gro55 Alpha 72..9 75 39.:S-92.'3 Ac:cellfallle Page 12 of12 Page I 57
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR 1c1::jl Laboratories uc nb r ' 118 OH G f] p oet com TABLE 2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON July through September 2017 Page 6 of 9 GEL Page I 58
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ti1511 laboratories Lt C a ,r.,. nb,r ol l he 6tl Gr:111p oeicom PT PnNldlr Gllll1ill" I Ylilr lllparf DIii
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RIMo ~ EZA 2nd/2017 llll/02t17 E11UJ C.Jftllda;e IICI IOdll'll!-131 8 .65E+o1 8A6E-+01 1.D2 At!a>otlble EZA 2l"Kll2Df7 llll.'ll2!17 E11874 Mil OCl/1 Slmnt.lum-a!l 8 .88Et01 9.26Et01 0 .!16 Al:cel>lable EZA 2ndJ20f7 IIIW2/17 E11874 MU .,,,.,, stmnllum-'JO 9.!56E*+OO 1.3'5E+Of 0.71 -le EZA 21'K1121lf7 06!02/17 E11875 Mll nr.111 CEl1ll'l1.-141 1.62Et02 1$1E+02 1.D7 -le EZA 2ncll2Dt 7 06Jll2/17 E U.875 MU DCl'L CObalt-58 1.53E-+02 1.55E+02 0.98 At!<,pmable EZA 2nd/2017 tJB.1D2f17' E11875 Mll nclll CObalt-60 2 .DTE+D2 1.9tE+D2 U >II Al:cel>lable EZA 2nd/2D.f7 OIW2/17 E11875 Mil OClll Clvornlll'll-51 J .65E+02 J .15Et02 1.16 Accep!aDle EZA 2nd/2017 08/ll2117 E11875 MU nN/1 Ce6bn-134 1.711Et02 1.88E+D2 0.!112 -le EZA 2ndl20 t 7 06Jll2/17 E11875 MU pCl'l Ce61Um-1J7 1.5TE+D2 1.511JE+02 1.()5 Atts>otlble EZA 2nd/20f 7 tJB.ID2117 E11875 Ma DCIIL lrOll-59 1.28E~2 1.1SE+02 1.11 Acceotlble EZA 2nd121lf7 llll/02t\1 E11875 Mil pClll IOdll'll!-131 9 ..9Jct01 9 .36Et01 1.06 Aa:ep1allle EZA 2nd/20f 7 06/ll2f17 E11875 MU nnll M~S4 1.SSE-+02 1.12E*+D2 1.14 Al'N'Diable EZA 2ncl/2Df 7 06.'1l2/17 E11875 Mll nr.111 ZI00-65 2 .18E-t02 2.B4E+02 1.D7 A.........hhle EZA 2n11.i21111 tJB.I02117 E1 1876 Water DCl'L Cl:llirn-14 1 2.09E t02 1.99E+02 1.05 Aoo!'ot.lble EZA 2ndl2D17 OB.'D2t17 E11876 water OCl/1 Cooalt-58 2.11Et02 2.04E +02 1.04 l\cl:eptlble EZA 2nd/2Df7 IIIW2/17 E11876 W'ikr .,,,.,, CObalt-60 2.S7Et02 2.S0E+02 1.IIJ ~able EZA 2nd/20f7 OB.'D2117 E11876 Waler OClll CIVornlll'l1-51 4.41E-+02 U JE*+02 1.D7 A.-ntll:,ie EZA 2nd121117 OBJll2/17 E11876 Waler OClll Ce6bn-134 2.J8E-t02 2.47E+02 0.96 Acceoiable EZA 2nd/20f7 06/ll2f17 E11876 Wilter OClll Ce61um-137 2 .20E+02 1.97E+D2 1.12 Aooeotlble EZA 2nd/21lf7 OIW2/17 E11876 Water Da!\. lroll-69 t.64E+m 1.5 1.E*+02 1.119 -le EZA 2ndl2Df7 08JD:2/17 E113,7 6 water OClll IOdll'll!-131 B.69Et01 8.12E+01 1.D7 """""tlble EZA 2nd/20f7 06J02/17 E11876 Waler DCl.'t Man- 2.43Et02 2.25E+D2 1.D8 Acceotlble EZA 2ndl2Df7 OBI02/17 E11876 Willer DCl'L Zln!>65 2.95E+D2 2.67E+D2 1.10 """""tlble ERA Jnl / 2017 Ol!J28/17 RAO - t iO Water OClll Bar1Um- t 33 68.8 66.J 55-2
- 7'2.9 Aoceotlble ERA Jnl 1 2017 tJB.128/ 17 R,tO . , 10 water nNll Ce61Um-134 211.7 24.4 18 .7-27.2 -table ERA Jrtl / 2017 06.!28/17 R,11). '10 Waler nr.111 ceam-tJ7 51.7 51.6 46.4-59.6 ..~ l e ERA 3nl 1 2017 OB.!26/17 R,11) . , 10 water nr.111 cooalt-60 97 lla.6 79.7 - 99.8 A.c<,eoiable ERA Jnl / 2017 011128117 RA0- 110 Wilb!r OClll Zl:lc-65 39.7 32.7 27.:)-41.6 Aooeo1able ERA Jnl / 2017 tJB.128/17 IW>- 110 Water nr.111 Grtl66 Al""" ~ .J 25.7 13.0 - 34.t """""tlble ERA Jnl / 2017 06.!28/17 RA0 - 110 Waler ....... Grtl66AI""-" 31.9 25.7 13 .0 - 34.1 """""tlble ERA Jnl 1 2017 OB.!'2!1/17 R,tl). ,10 Waier DCl/1. G"'" Beta 511. 4 63 113.5-69;6 Acceotable ERA Jnl l 2017 tJB.126/17 fWl- 110 water DCI.'\. Radlll'l1-226 1.6 1.29 t.07
- 1.95 """"°'""le ERA 3nl 1 2017 Ol!J28/17 RAO- 110 ~ pCl'l Rildlll'l1-226 1.2 1 1.29 1.07
- U IS Accl>oiable ERA Jnl / .2017 06J'2af17 R,t0. 110 w~ ...,...l RilCl1lrl1*228 6.4.9 5.66 ,l.45 - 7.A7 ,.,,,,.,,;:,;,le ERA J nl / 2017 08/28/17 R,tll- 110 Water DCl/1. R.dmn-228 5.59 5.66 J .45- 7 .47 .ADceptable ERA Jnl l 2017 06/28/17 RA0- 110 water DCl/1._ uranium lNatl 65 66.7 54.J-73.9 """""'tlble ERA J nl 1 2017 OBml/17 R,,0 - 110 water DCI.'\. uranium (Nat) 616.2 66.7 54.3-73.9 Acceotlble GeLu.'bor11tiom:u1~ "O!l>llnf a,1.~n,;1;1!11*111 31")~- Page 7 of 9 Pl<INl>\ICl'l'IIJ' , M**stl,! '71 r .., . ....,,.1'1 Page I 59
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR mil Laboratoriest1 am r,b IO'I IISGHGr) (I PT PnMcllr ERA QMIWI 3nH 2017
- om 08/2af17 RA0-110 Waller oo/1.
U"ariUTI (.Nit)
'lk.iri llla65
( tfat) GEL VIiia 97
~
oe1com 98.1 Ac~--* 79.8 - 109 Ell I
-le-t-cm ERA 3rd / 2017 OW28117 RA0-!10 Water IJQ/L llla65 104.7 98.1 79.8- 109 AollPD!atJle-ERA 3nf / 2017 08.'28117 ll.lO- *10 W:Rr l'lCl'L Tnft:Jm 5120 :5060 4340-5570 .. ~ l e -
ERA J nf l 2017 06f2a/17 RAD-
- 10 Wat.."!" nrll1 T""' *m 4620 5060 4340 - 55 70 A- l e -
ERA 3111 12017 08128117 RA0-
- 10 Water l'lCl'I stror6m-.89 Z9.9 26.4 18A-32.9 ..""""""le-ERA 3111 / 2017 06l23/17 RA0-110 water DCIIL SlrnnilllRH!9 26.2 26.4 t a4-J2.9 ,.,,,_;able-ERA 3111 12017 OBnll/17 R,fl>- 110 Water DCl!I Stronllum-'9D 31'.8 36 26.4 -41.5 Aeclel>1at>le-ERA 3111,12017 08.IZ3/17 RAD- *10 waw- nl'III sfronl!Um-90 34 36 26.4 - 4 1.5 ,.............,le-ERA 3nf I 2017 08.IZ3t1"1 ll.lO- i 10 ~V:Rr pCl'L lo llne--13 1 28 25 ..5 2.1.2-JD.1 """""'1:anle-Nol ERA Jnl / 2017 08n!ll17 RA0- 110 'Nater l'lCl'I IOllne--131 33 25.5 2 1.2-JD.1 Aeclel>1at>ie-Page 8 of9 Gl!l Page 160
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR M=II LaboratoriesLLc
~IHI I I The GCL Gro11p C gel com TABLE2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERlABORATORY COMPARISON Octoberthrou December 2017 Page6of 12 Page 161
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ta::11 LaboratorieSLLC
~ 1 rnl, rat T e GCL Gr 11p ,~
Ripest
- gel com AicceptiaMae PT Prvwimr QmltN" I Yur Rl!ceMd (ale s-.-
Ural _ ,Nudidl! GEL YaR
~
Yilllle Ralg!I Ralio Evaallon MAPEP 4lh/2017 12101/ 17 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WilAK Bq/l Cesium-1 34 10.50 1 1.5 8..1-15.0 ~table MAPEP -'khl2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Bq/1.. Cesium-1 37 16.800 16.3 t1.2"2l.2 Acceotable MAPEP 4lh.l2017 121011t7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 w.-.1.- Rn/1 Oobalt-57 12. l 12.1 ~15.7 ~ble MAPEP 4th.'2017 12101fl7 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Wat.<< Boll Cd:>aJl..&J ID.BOO 10.7 7.5-13.9 Acoeotable MAPEP 4llv2017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Bail H ~ 250 258 18 1--335 Acceotable MAPEP 4lw.2017 12/01117 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WOO!'/ Ra.'L lrcn-65 2D. 1 19.4 13.6-25..2 AcoPril.c1ble t.lAPEP 44W2.017 12J01117 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WatB Ball - EA 15.5 14 .9 10.4-19.4 FalsePos Acoeolahle MAPEP 41h/2017 12101/17 MAPEP-17-MaW37 Wal£!r- Ba/L Nickele-63 0. 764 D Test Acoeotable MAPEP 4h/2.017 12/01/ 17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w- Ba,'\.. Plullorium-238 0.528 0 .60 0 .422-0.784 Acceptable MAPEP 41h/20 17 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 W:,a,r Ba.'L Plrtonium-23111240 D. 654 D. 78 1 0 .547- 1.015 Acceotable FalsePos MAPEP 4lhf.2017 12J01/l7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 W:t.!-~ Rall Potassitsn-40 - 12 D Te51 Accerita.lw> MAPEP 4lh/'2017 12.'01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w~ Bail Racium-226 o.n4 0.86 0.601-1. 1t5 Acceotable MAPEP 4lhr./.017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Rall Slrontiwn-90 7.04 8 5 .44-10.10 ~ble MAPEP 4lh/'2017 12101/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 WOO!'/ Bq/L Technetium-00 6 .4 1 6.73 4.71-R75 Acceo1'3ble MAPEP 4lh/21l17 1210tf17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Wi141!T Ball.. Uranium-234/233 1.09 Lot 0.71- 1.31' ~e MAPEP 4ltv2017 1210l/t7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 w......- Anll Uranium-238 t.140 1.040 D..73-1.35 ~-.ble MAPEP 4lhf.2017 12Jll1/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w~ Bq/L Zino-65 17.3 15.5 10.9 Aoaeotable MAPEP 4llv'2017 12J01f17 MAPEP-17-XaW37 Alk. Wats5 Ball.. lodine-129 2.590 2.310 1.62-3..00 ~-able 0.0355-MAPEP 4h'2017 12101'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter *- ' - - Uranium-235 0.0521 0.0507 0.065(1 MAPEP 4llv'2017 12/01(17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filter ,.-,1<.,vnnle Uranium-238 7.8 7.0 4 .90-9. 10 Acceotable MAPEP 41h/2017 12/01/ 17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filter Uranium-Total 7 .04 7.05 4 .94-9.17 Acceotable D.0458-MAPEP 4th/2017 12/01117 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Fill...- Bafsa~e Americium-241 0.053300 0 0 .0796 ~ble MAPEP 44h/2017 12101f\7 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bo'sarmle Cesium-1 34 1.0300 1.00 0.7-1.30 Al>oPotable MAPEP 441\12.017 12J01f17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 fil!Er B<l'samcile Cesium-1 37 0 .88 0.82 0.57-1.07 ~otable F: lse Pas MAPEP 4til'.2.017 12/01(17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Balsamole Cobalt-57 0 .01 0.00 Test ~ble MAPEP 4ih/'2017 12101'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bdsample Cd>alt-00 0.75 0.68 Oa43-0.88 MAPEP 4ttv2017 12/01(17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filler B<l'samcile M- - CA 1.48 1.30 0 .9 1-1.69 0.0209-A,,r,,,.nL-ahle MAPEP 4lh/2017 12/0l/17 MAPEP- 17-Rdf'37 Filler Bq/sarr,ple Plutonitm-238 D.0257 0Jl298 0 .0387 0.0328-MAPEP 4hr.2017 12/01(17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filla' BQ/sample PkltDnium-2391240 0.0408 0.0468 0 .0608 MAPEP 4lhr.1.017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Anki>mnle Strontiwn-90 0.608 D.801 0.561-1.041 ~ble MAPEP -4ih'2017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Fillet" Bdsamale Uranium-2341233 0. 086 D. 084 0 .059-0. 109 Acceolable MAPEP 4lnl2017 12/01'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bo'sarmle Uranium-23S D.D93 0.087 0 .061-0.113 ~ble MAPEP 4fu/'2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Fil!B- Anki>mnle Zino-65 1.2500 1.08 0.~1.40 """""1l;,ble MAPEP 4thl2017 12101(17 MAPEP-17-RdV37 Veiietmion Balsamole Americium-24'1 D. D80 D.Dn D. 054-{). I Acceolable MAPEP 4thl2D17 12/0t/17 MAPEP-17-RdV37 Veiiet:mon Ba/sample C-esium-'134 2.30 2.32 1.62-3.02 Acceptable False Pas MAPEP 4ft/2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- '17-Rd\137 Vegetation BqJsample Cesium- 137 0.0 19 1 0.00 Test ~otable MAPEP 4lh/2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-Rd\137 Vegetation B""'-"mnle Cobalt-57 2.92 2.80 2.0-3.6 A,,r,,,.nL-able Page 8 of 12 G El. Laboratxirit:s I.LC Page 162
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR fiJ aI Laboratories u C 0 w ilier of The GCL Group ic POE/,1 ! , 12
,l4Ul:ii!Va~~ C oef com
,~
PT Prowidl!r MAPEP MAPEP Qr.a.irtiH I Yur 4lh/2017 4fu/'2017 Report
"-iwd ewe 12/01(17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-RdV37 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 S-.ple Vegela!ion Veaeialion Unit Bctsamcle Bo'samcle
_ ,Nuclide Qibalt-60 Manaanese-54 GEL Villue 2-24 2.78
~
2..07 2.62 Acceptaloe Rangel Rilllio 1.45-2.69 1.83-3.4 1 Ewluaon Accep1able Acceotable MAPEP 4fu/'2017 12/01'17 MAPEP-'17 -Rd\/37 Ve,o~cn Bcrsamrile PlulDniunr238 0 .0762 0 .0830 0 .058-0. 108 ~ble MAPEP 4llv'2017 12/01'17 MAPEP-17-Rdl/37 Ve,oetalion Balsamrne Plutonitm-239'240 0.104 0.108 0 .076-0.140 ~ ble MAPEP 4thf2!l17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-Rt:flf37 Veae4ation 8Qlsample Strontiun-00 0.960 1.23 0 .86-1.6 Acceptable MAPEP 41h1'2D17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-Rdl/37 Vea.elation Rnl.s,-nole Uraniunr234/233 0. 162 ll.159 0 .1 11-0.207 Accent.-.hle MAPEP 4ttw2017 12/D11t7 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 Vesi.e btion Bokamole Uranitm-238 0. 166 0.163 0 .1 14-0..212 Aooelltable MAPEP *4th/2017 12/0tf17 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 Vegetation Balsarmle Zine>-65 5 .Q3 5.37 3. ~ .88 Acceotable ERA 4lhl'2017 1 tll7/17 M RA0-27 Soil nC'.iolin Actina.rnr228 1200 12.40 785 - 1720 ~e ERA 4tW2017 1 t/17117 MRA0-27 Soil oOiilto Americiunr24 1 1180 1 140 667- '1480 ~e ERA 4lh/20'17 1 tft7117 MRAD-27 Soil oCiillo B isrruth-2 12 1600 12.40 330 - 1820 Acceotable ERA 4IW20 17 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Soil nC'i olin B isrruth-2 14 1460 1890 1 i40-2721J IW:lcenlahle ERA 4lhl2017 1 1117/ 17 MRAD-27 Soil nl'.iolin Cesiunr 134 5770 6320 4 130- 7590 """"""'>>ble ERA 4tw.1.017 1 1117 / 17 MRAD-27 Sorl oa&o Cesiunr 137 3Q40 3830 2930- 4930 Acceolllble ERA 4lhl2017 1t/171\7 MRAD-27 Soil rC.ilkn Col>alt-00 4 1 10 4 130 2.7QO - 5690 Aooenl.i>hle ERA 4lht2.017 11117117 MRA0-27 Soil cCil1ta Lead~12 1270 1240 8 12 - 1730 Aooeo1able ERA 4lh/'2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oC.i lka Lead-214 17:m 1880 1160-2850 Acceptable ERA 4lh/2017 11/17117 MRAD-27 Soil r,{'j ll,n Lt.~anese-54 <29.2 <1000 <1000 Accenbble ERA 4lh/'2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Soil cCi/ka P lutoniunr238 508 6 15 370-849 ~-ble ERA 4ful2017 1 tll7/17 MRAD-27 Soil pCi/kg Plu!Dniunr238 578 506 331 -600 Acceolable 7740-ERA *4Wl017 1 t/17117 MRAD-27 Soil cCi/ka Potassium-40 10000 10600 t421JO Accenhble ERA 4llv2017 11117117 M RA0-27 Soil nCi/lcn Strontitm-80 2530 3460 1'120 - 5470 Acceobble ERA 4th/2017 1 11 17117 M RA0-27 Soil oCilka Thariunr234 4160 3690 1170- 6840 Acoent.,ble ERA 4lh.l2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oCi/1<<> Uranir..m-234 4310 37:m 2270 - 4770 ...,,.,.._hie ERA 4W2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oCilka Uranitm-234 3350 3720 2270-4770 AcceDlable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 t/ 17117 MRAD-27 Soil .Cilka Uranitm-234 3400 3720 2270- 4770 IW:lcer>L-.ble ERA '4d1(21)17 11117/17 MRAD-27 Soil pCilka Uranir..m-238 3590 3600 2200-4680 Acceolable ERA 4!h/2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil DCilka Uranitm-238 4380 3690 2280-4680 Acceotable ERA 4lnl2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil cCil1to Uranitm-238 3260 3600 2280 - 4680 ....,,.,.._ble 4 110-ERA 4fu/'2017 11117117 M RA0-27 Soil DCilka Urarwm-Total 77'32 7580 10000 Accectabl.e 4110-ERA 4th/'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Sorl pOilkg Urana.rnrTotal 7 100 7580 10000 Acceolable 4 110-ERA 4th/2017 1t/17117 M RA0-27 Soil pCifka UraniunrTotal 7780 7580 10000 AcoenL-,.hle 4 110-ERA 4th/2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Soil oCilka UraniunrTotal 8090 7580 10000 Ar,r.o,,ntnhl e Uranium-Total 6 120-ERA 4ful2017 1 1117117 MRAD-27 Soil ua/ka {massl 12100 11100 14000 ~ble UrariunrTotal 6 120-ERA 41.hl'2017 1 1/17117 MRA0-27 Soil ua/ka Crnassl 1D800 11 100 14000 AcoenL-,.ble Urarium-Total 6 120-ERA 4<h/2.0 17 11117117 M RA0-27 Sotl ua/ka (mass) 12200 11100 14000 Accectable Ur.num:Total 6 120-ERA 4!hl2017 1 trt7117 MRAD-27 Soil ua/ka (m ass) 9770 11 100 14000 AcoeDlable Page9of 12 Page I 63
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ra a. Laboratories LL
- e11 11~, at T e GCL Group le
,_ ael com Aepart A&:cept.aoCr PT Qu;wter- Receiwd
_......,_ s-.- _ , Nuclicil! GEL Kr-. Rmgel Prowider / Ye., Ila Meda Int Y.-.e Wllue ftalio Ewllulian ERA 4th/2017 1t/17/17 MRA0-27 Soil DCilk<J Zinc-05 7380 6660 5300 - 8850 ~e ERA 4!W2.017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Ve<!ellibcln pCi/kg Ameriaum.-241 681 670 410 - 891 Acoeotable ERA 4ihr.2017 11117/17 MRA0-27 Ve:gelation DCi/ka Cesium-134 1530 1670 1D70- 2170 AcceDtable ERA 4m'2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Veoebtion DCi/kg Cesium-1 37 1800 1840 1330-2560 AcceDtable ERA -4lh/2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Veoelation nCillin Cobalt-00 2320 2180 1!500-3050 Acceolable ERA 4IW2017 11'17/17 MRA0-27 Veflelalion oCilka Cln!m.-244 2380 2790 1370-4350 ~e ERA 4llv2017 11117/1 7 MRA0-27 Ve:gebiion oCi/ka t,tanganese-64 <36.1 <!00 <300 Acoeotable ERA 4th/2017 1 t/t7117 MRAD-27 Veoetaticn nC~ PlulD<wm-238 3340 4 180 2 400 - 5720 A,y,p,,t.~ble ERA 4th/2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Veoebtion nCi/1m PlutonaJm,.239 950 1060 651 - 1460 22300-ERA 4thl2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Ve:getation oCi/ka Potassii..m-40 34000 30000 43400 Acoeotable ERA 4!W2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Veo.e ution DCilka Slronti!SD-90 2580 2650 1510-3510 Accent.~ble ERA 4IW2017 11/17/ 17 MRA0-27 \h>oebtion nCi/ka Urani!SD-234 985 005 654 - 1280 ~e ERA 4th/2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Ve:getation nCillia Urani!SD-234 1 100 005 654 - 1280 AcceDtable ERA 4th/2017 11/ 17117 MRA0-27 Vegelation ,pCilkg Urani!SD-238 1040 Ql87 650 - 1250 Acceptable ERA 4lhl2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Vefletalian oCilka Urani!SD-238 821 087 650 - 1250 Accenmhje ERA 4int2017 1ll17/ 17 MRA0-27 Veaetation !]Cilka Urarwum-TOla! 2320 2030 1380-2530 Acceotable ERA 4lhr.lll17 11117117 MRAD-27 Vegelation DCi/ka Urarwum-Total 1845 2030 1380 - 2530 Acceotable ERA 4lh/2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Vea.e lation DCilka Urarwum-Tol.llJ 2300 2030 1380-2530 AN>i>nt.~hle Uranium-Total ERA 4lh'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Veoetalion uru'lm ( mass) 3200 2980 2000-3780 Aco>rit:,,ble Uranium-Total ERA 4lhl20 17 11/17117 MRA0-27 Ve:iieblion uru'lm (mass) 2460 2980 2000 - 3780 Acceotable Uranium-TotaJ ERA 4th/2017 11/17117 MRAD-27 Vegeb1ion ualka (mass) 3460 2980 2000-3780 Acceolable ERA 4th/2017 I \117/ 17 MRA0-27 Vegetalion cCil1la Zinc-05 1670 1400 1010- 1g70 Acceotable ERA 4IW2017 I 1/t7117 MRA0-27 Filler DCi/Filter Americium-241 15.4 14.0 9 .18-20-2 A- --**-Le ERA 4!W2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Filter DCi/Filter Cesiu m-134 14 10 1440 9 16- 1700 l\cceombje ERA 4th/2017 11/17/17 MRAD-27 Filter nr.i/Filter Cesium-137 10l0 954 7 17- 1250 A e ERA 4W2.017 11117/17 MRA0-27 Filter DCi/Filter Cd>all-60 296 27 1 2 10- 339 Aooeotable ERA 4lhl2017 11/17/17 MRAD-27 Filter DCi/Hter ~ 1010 1080 335 -2110 Acceotable ERA 4th/2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Fill<< cQ'Filter Uvv,anese-64 <3.18 <50.0 <50.0 Acceotable ERA -4lh/2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Filb!r DCi/Fdter Plutonium-238 61.8 63.9 43.8-84.0 Accentable
,. __,....,e ERA 4lhl2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Filler pCi/Rlter Plutonium-239 40. 2 44.4 32.1 -58.0 ERA 4!W2017 11/17/1 7 MRA0-27 Filter nl'j/1::jfter Slrcntium-00 115 121 59. 1 - 181 A,,no.nt...,ble ERA 41h/'2017 11/t7117 MRAD-27 Filb!t' DCi/Filter Urnnium-234 42.8 41.5 25] - 62.6 Accentable ERA 4llv2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Filb!t' DCi/Fdter Urnni!SD-234 38.5 41 .5 25.7 - 62.6 A - -*-1.. le ERA 4W2.017 11/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Filter DCi/Filter Uranium-238 41.t 41.2 26.6-57.0 Acceolable ERA 4ih/2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Filter DO/Filter Ul'anium-238 37_5 41.2 26.6-57.0 Acceotable ERA 4ih/'2017 11/17/ 17 MRA0-27 Filter nCi/Filter Uranium Total 82 84.6 46.8 - 129 Accentahle ERA 4th/2017 1t/17/17 MRAD-27 Fill<< i,CiJFilter Urarwum-Tobl 86.7 84.6 46.8 - 129 Acc.>otable ERA 4th.l2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Fil!N DCi/Filter Urarwum-Total 83 84.6 46 .8-129 A=eol.able ERA 4lh/2017 11/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Filb!r uafFilter lhn_ .TOlllltlnoHl 129 123 78.7- 173 Acceotabl.e Page 10 of 12 Page 164
APPENDI X C 2017 AREOR =II Laboratories Lw 0
.1 , ~1111:i.:1 ,ii T e GCL Group ,,; l'tlB1 1d, n C-4U i:iil,.lQ. >!!OC oel com ll!palt Accept-PT PnMder
~
/ YNtT Aeceiwd Date
_.......,. ~ lll!cN Unit _ _ , Nuclia GEL Val!R Known ~ Ratio &aalion Urnum-Total: ERA 4lh/2017 1 t / 17117 MRAD-27 Fill.et' µQffilter (mass) 124 123 78,7- 173 Acoectable Urnum-Total ERA 4lhl'2017 1 l/17fl7 MRAD-27 Fill.E!t' uatfiller ( ma55) 11 3 123 78,7 - 173 Acoectable ERA 4thl'2017 1 l/t7( 17 MRAD-27 Fill.E!t' nc.l/Filter Zinc-85 146 123 88 170 Acoent,.ble ERA 44hf20'17 1 1/17117 MRA0-27 Filb!r aCilFilter Gross~a 60 50_1 16.8 - 77.8 Aa,ectable ERA 4lh/20'17 1 tf17/17 MRAD-27 Fill.et' cCilFilter Gross Beta 68_3 61 .8 39. 1 -00. 1 Acceotable ERA 4lh/2017 1 lf17f17 MRAD-27 Waler oCiJl AIIBicium-241 176 158 106-212 Acoeptable ERA 44hf2017 1 tft7/17 MRAD-27 W.b!c cCi/L Cesium-1 34 1340 1400 1030- 1610 Acoent"'11e ERA 4lh/'2017 11/ 17117 MRAD-27 Wat,y pCi/L Cesiu m-1 37 300 378 32 1 - 453 Acoenbble ERA 4lh/"2017 1 l/t7/ 17 MRAD-27 Wat,y pCi/1.. C<lbalt-60 1ggo 1830 1500-2140 Acoelltable ERA 4th/2017 11ft7/ 17 MRAD-27 Wat<< DCi/L lron-05 1550 1640 978-2230 Acceptable ERA 4thl2017 1 flt7/17 MRA0-27 Water nC.i/1 t.tanoanese-54 <tl.38 <100 <100 Acoeotable ERA 4lh/'20 17 1 t / 17/17 MRA0-27 WaAa nCi/L Plulcrium-238 136 158 117 -197 Aooo>mable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 lft7117 MRAD-27 Water cO/L Pluti:rium,,239 1.14 f 34 104- 169 Aoceolable ERA 4ltv'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 w~ cCi/L Strontitm-90 2 18 222 145-293 Acoectable ERA 4lh/2017 1 t/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Waler pCi/L Umniiin-234 163 160 120-206 Acoeptable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 lff7117 MRA0-27 Wate- pCi/L Uraniiin-234 153 160 120-206 Acoectabl:e ERA 4thl2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Wati,t- pCi/L Uranitm-234 157 160 120-206 Acoec&able ERA 4lh/'2017 1 1fl7f17 MRAD-27 WillE!t' cCi/L Uraniiin-238 161l 158 120- 1114 Acoent>hle ERA 4lh/'2017 1lft7117 MRAD-27 Water i,Ci/L Uraniiin-238 136 158 120 - 194 ~e ERA 4!h/2017 11'17/ 17 MRAD-27 Watet' nC.iJl Ura~ Total 306 325 239 - 420 Acoent>hle ERA 4lh/2017 11/1 7/ 17 MRA0-27 Water nCill. Urarwm-Total 3 10 325 239 - 420 Acoeotable ERA 4lhf2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Water nr;n Uranium-Total 343 325 239 - 420 Acoente>hle Ur.num-Total ERA 4lh/2017 1 t/17/ 17 MRA0-27 Water µglL (mass) 5 10 474 378 - 573 A,,n,..nt;,ble Urarwum-Total ERA 4lh/2017 1 1117117 MRAD-27 Wal.et' ualL ( mass) 463 474 378 - 573 A,::oeptable Uranium-Total ERA 4IW2017 111\7/ 17 MRA0-27 Wat<< .UQIL ( mass) 407 474 378 - 573 Acoel>table ERA 41h/'2017 11117'17 MRA0-27 Water cOJ1. Zinc-85 20QO 1750 1460-2210 Acceptable ERA 4W2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Water cCi/l GrossAJnha 109 t 13 40. 1 - 175 Acoeotable ERA 4th/20 17 I t/17/ 17 MRA0-27 WatE!t' c0/1. Gross Beta 127 130 74.4- 193 Aocelllable 15100 - ERA 4ih/2017 I 1'17117 MRAD-27 w~ nC.iJl Triium 2 1100 .2 2500 32100 AcoeDtable EZA 4lh/2017 02/02/18 E12067 ea.tridae ca lodine-131 4 .84E+01 4.8 1E+01 1.0 1 Aooeolable EZA 4th/2017 02/02/18 E 1206B Milk oCiJL Strontilan-89 Q.54E+OI 9.23E+01 1_03 Acoectable EZA 4ih/2017 02/02/18 E1206S Milk nCi/L Stn:ntitm-00 1.34E+01 1.61lE+01 0-79 Aocenbble EZA 4thf2017 02/02/18 E12009 Milk oCi/1 Cerium-t 4 1 1.07E+02 9 .83E+01 1.ClQ Acoeolable EZA 4!h/2017 02/02/18 E12000 Milk nC.l/l Cdlalt -58 9 .21lE+Ol 8 .QQE+01 t .03 Aocent.o>ble EZA 4th/'20 17 02/02/18 E12009 Milk nCi/1 Cd>alt -60 1.Q5E+02 1.73E+02 1. 13 ~ble EZA 4lhf20 17 02/02/18 E12069 Milk cO/l Chromium--5 *1 2 .6QE+02 2.42E+02 1.11 Aocectable EZA 4lW'l017 02/02/18 E1200Q Milk oCi/l Cesium-1 34 120E+02 1.25E+02 0.96 Acoeotable Page 11 of 12 GEL Labora: ortes LLC Page I 65
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR Mal LaboratorieSLLC
- I l'll1l *r c. l he GEL Group i; r 1 100 178 oer com
-~
Aapart Atcept.w ..... s-.- PT Provider Quiirt.r
/ Year Aeceiwcl Media Unit - ,~ GEl.
YMIII! Known Wllue Rlngl!I Raio ~ EZA 4lh/20 17 02JC121 18 E 12069 Mlk nO/L CesaJm-1 37 1.63E+Cl2 l .4 1E+Cl2 1. 15 Aooenbihle EZA 4thl2017 02JC12118 E 12009 Milk nO/L lron-5Q 1.27E+Cl2 L13E+02 f . 12 Aocen>"ble EZA 4thl2017 02JC12118 E 1'2009 Milk r>C.i/L lodine- 13 1 6 .5QE+D1 5.78E+D1 1. 14 ~ ~hie EZA 4thl20 17 D2/lJ2/18 E1200Q U(k ..r.i/L Lbnnanese-5,4 1.7QE+02 1.6 1E+Cl2 1.1 1 Aooe-bl.e EZA 4lh/2017 D2/lJ2/18 E 12009 urk ..r.i/L Zino-65 2.34E+02 2.11E+Cl2 1. 1t Aooeotable EZA 4lh/20 17 02/lJ2/18 E 12070 Wa4Pr nO/L Cerium-t4 1 6 ..60E+D1 6,24E+D1 1.06 Aooeotable EZA 4lh/20 17 02/lJ2/18 E 12D70 Wa4Pr nO/L Cobalt-58 5 .95E+D1 5.70E+D1 l .04 Acoenbble EZA 4thl2017 D2/C12118 E 1207'0 Wa4Pr ..r.i/L Cobalt-<<) 1.15E+02 1.10E+Cl2 1.05 Aooent,.ble EZA 4thl20 17 02/02118 E 12070 Wale£ nr'J/L Cl-.omrum-51 1.68E+02 1.54E+Cl2 t.l)Q Aooeotable EZA 4lh/21l17 02'02/18 E 12070 Water nr'J/L CesaJm-1 34 7.47E+Dt 7.92E+D1 CHM Aooeolable EZA 4lh/2017 02/02118 E 12D7D Wal£!r DOIL Cesium-137 9.3 1E+ol 8 .97E+D1 1.04 Aooeotaible EZA 4lh/2017 02'02/18 E 1.2070 Water DCiJI. lron-59 8 .74E+o1 7.1QE+D1 1.22 Aoceal.Bble EZA 4thl2017 021Cl2118 E 12070 Water nr;/L lodine-'13 1 5 .36E+D1 4.95E+D1 1.08 Aooen>~bfe EZA 4th.12ll 17 02/C12118 E 12070 w- DOIL . r, l.14E+Cl2 1..02E+Cl2 1.12 A<,oi,atabfe EZA 4th.12ll17 D2/lJ2/18 E 12D70 w- DOIL Zino-65 1.57E+Cl2 1.34E+Cl2 1. 17 A<,oi,atabfe Page 12 of 12 Ga Labor&torles u.c Page 166
2017 AREOR APPENDIX D. COMPARISON OF OPERATIONAL TO PREOPERATIONAL DATA Page I 67
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR Comparison of Operational to Preoperational Data and Analysis of Trends Unit 1 achieved criticality on June 14, 1967 and was permanently retired from service on November 30, 1992. Unit 2 attained initial criticality on July 26 , 1982 and Unit 3 on August 29, 1983. A variety of environmental samples were analyzed and the analytical results (January 1, 1979 to July 31, 1982) were compared with the 2017 operational data obtained for SONGS Units 2/3. The following media were evaluated and compared with the operational data of SONGS Units 1, 2 and 3:
- External Radiation
- Air Particulates
- Radioiodine
- Ocean Water
- Shoreline Sediment (Sand)
- Ocean Bottom Sediments
- Marine Species
- Local Crops
- Soil
- Kelp
- Drinking Water The measurements obtained from the SONGS Unit 1 operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) during the period from January 1979 to July 1982 are used as the preoperational baseline for SONGS Units 2/3. This is in accordance with San Onofre Units 2/3, Environmental Report, Operating License Stage, Appendix 6A, Pre-operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring, May 31, 1978. Comparisons of preoperational data to 2017 operational data are possible for each of the following exposure pathways: ( 1) direct radiation, (2) air particulates (inhalation), and (3) ocean water (marine pathway for ingestion).
Comparisons can also be made between preoperational and operational data for ocean bottom sediment data to ascertain if there has been any significant increase in radioactivity in ocean bottom sediments near the SONGS Units 2/3 outfalls. Currently the preoperational data are higher than the operational data. The decrease in radioactivity is due primarily to the cessation of nuclear weapons testing and to the decay of fallout radionuclides. There is a close correlation between indicator and control data over several decades. There are no indications of adverse effects from SONGS on the environment. Page 168
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR A. Direct Radiation The direct radiation measurements for the SONGS REMP were made by TLDs on a quarterly collection cycle at 38 indicator locations and 11 control locations in 2017. (See Appendix I for ISFSI TLD data). The TLDs were located at inner and outer ring locations as specified by the ODCM. During the preoperational period from January 1979 to July 31, 1982, the indicator stations ranged from 16.1 to 46.6 mR. The preoperational indicator average was 25.3 mR. The preoperational control range was 19.3 to 30.1 and the control mean was 23.1 mR. During the 2017 operational year for Units 2/3, the routine indicator TLD locations ranged from 9. 7 to 21.6 mrem, averaging 16.7 mrem while the control locations ranged from 13.1 to 20.7 mrem with an average of 17.0 mrem. Outside the EAB, all TLD results (control and indicator, for quarterly and annual measurements) are below each locations historical background plus the minimum differential dose (see ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014). Refer to Appendix B for a detailed discussion of the REMP TLD data . Factors such as meteorology, local geology, the fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing , and seasonal fluctuations account for the variability in the data as observed during the preoperational period for each location . The decrease in radiation levels at all TLD sample locations is attributable to the curtailment of the atmospheric nuclear weapons testing , and the continued decay of the manmade background from fallout from past nuclear weapons tests. Figure 9 compares the environmental radiation levels of selected indicator and control locations. Simultaneous variation in the radiation levels at both the control and indicator locations shows that the variations are due to factors external to SONGS. Outside the EAB there were no measurable levels of increased direct radiation associated with SONGS as measured by TLD. B. Airborne Particulates From January 1979 through July 1982 ( considered to be the preoperational period for SONGS Units 2/3), there was a noticeably higher gross beta activity in air at all sample locations. This period extends from the fourth quarter of 1980 through the fourth quarter of 1981 . These higher activity levels were attributable to the Chinese atmospheric nuclear weapons test conducted on October 15, 1980. Page 169
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR OS
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- San Clemente City Hall .... S.1 MIies NW - Suito Boach Part! ... 0.6 MIios ESE
* *
- Huntington Buch (CONTROL) ... 31.1 Ml
- NW - Bluff _,. 0.1 Moles WNW Figure 12 - Monthly Average Airborne Particulate Gross Beta Preoperational and Operational Data for Units 2 and 3, ( 1976 - 1988)
For 2017, the maximum monthly average airborne particulate gross beta result was approximately 0.029 pCi/m 3. This result is in line with both recent history and SONGS preoperational data . C. Radioiodine Most of the preoperational data for 1-131 level was below the detection limit. All the 2017 operational 1-131 data were below the detection limit. This is expected , as the shutdown and defueled SONGS is no longer producing 1-131 , and all previously produced 1-131 has decayed away. SONGS had no effect on the environment as measured by the radioiodine cartridge data in 201 7. D. Ocean Water Monthly ocean water samples were collected near each of the Station discharge outfalls, and from the Newport Beach control location . The ocean water samples are analyzed for naturally-occurring and station-related gamma-emitting radionuclides . Samples were composited quarterly and analyzed for tritium . Page 170
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR During the preoperational period, naturally occurring potassium-40 was detected in each of the samples collected from both indicator and control locations. Other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in only one ocean water sample. In May 1980, Co-58, Co-60, Cs-134, and Cs-137 were detected in an ocean water sample collected from the SONGS Unit 1 outfall. Concentrations of the radionuclides in this sample were 11 , 6, 380, and 430 pCi/1, respectively. Tritium was also detected in two of the ocean water samples collected in May 1980 from the SONGS Unit 2 outfall and from the Newport Beach control location. The data for all plant related radionuclides at all ocean water locations during the 2017 operational period were not detectable and below the MDC. We conclude that the operation of SONGS had a negligible impact on the environment as measured by this sample medium . E. Drinking Water Due to its location on the beach, there is no drinking water pathway for SONGS. Nonetheless, drinking water samples from Oceanside and Camp Pendleton were collected and analyzed. No plant related radionuclides were detected during the 2017 operational period. Gross beta activity (from natural radionuclides) was detected during both the operational and preoperational periods at both the indicator and the control locations. No plant related radionuclides (including tritium) have been identified in 2017 , and no trends have been noted . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. F. Shoreline Sediments (Sand) Beach sand is collected semiannually from three indicator locations and from a control location situated at Newport Beach. The samples are analyzed for naturally occurring and plant-related radionuclides. To assess the impact of SONGS operations on this environmental medium, preoperational data were compared to 2017 operational data. The radionuclide detected in shoreline sediment in the preoperational time frame was Cs-137 with a range of 0.012 to 0.022 pCi/g, averaging 0.019 in 5 sediment samples. One control sample with a Cs-137 activity of 0.032 pCi/g was observed in July 1979. The presence of Cs-137 in both control and indicator locations during the preoperational period leads to the conclusion that the root cause is external to SONGS and is most likely attributable to atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. No SONGS-related radionuclides were detected in shoreline sediment during the 2017 operational period . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 31 - Shoreline Sediment Concentration Cs-1 37 PreOp 0.012 - 0.022 0.019 < LLD - 0.032 < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Ooerational c < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD NOTES :
- a. Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 -
December 2017
- b. LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B
- c. During 2017, all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were< LLD Page I 71
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR I G. Ocean Bottom Sediments During the preoperational and operationa l periods, representative samp les of ocean bottom sediments were collected semiannually from each of the Station discharge outfalls and from a control station in Laguna Beach. The samples were analyzed for naturally occurring and SONGS related radionuclides . Duri ng the preoperationa l period . Manganese-54 (Mn-54) was detected in 5 of the 28 sam ples. The concentrations of Mn-54 in these samples ranged from 0.015 to 0.49 pCi/g, averaging 0.13 pCi/g. Cobalt-58 (Co-58) was detected in nine samples . The concentration of Co-58 in the samples ranged from 0.013 to 1.16 pCi/g, averaging 0.20 pCi/g. Cobalt-60 (Co-60) was measured in 15 of the 28 samples. The concentration of Co-60 in the sample ranged from 0.014 to 8.1pCi/g, averaging 0.79 pCi/g. Cs-137 was also detected in 16 of the 28 samples. The concentrations of Cs-137 in the samples ranged from 0.014 to 0.090 pCi/g , averaging 0.039 pCi/g . Cerium-144 (Ce-144) was found in two samples. The concentration of Ce-144 in the samples was 0.06 and 0.26 pCi/g , respectively. Results of the 2017 data indicate that there has not been a build-up of radionuclides with time in ocean bottom sediments near SONGS. The results also indicate notable decrease in the concentrations of plant-related radionuclides in the ocean bottom sediment. Although Co-58, Co-60, and Cs-137 are normally associated with nuclear power operations, preoperational study reveals no accumulation trend for these radionuclides , and no increase in levels for these radionuclides was detected during the operational period . The concentration of station-related radion uclides in all ocean bottom sediment samples ana lyzed in 2017 was below the MDC, supporting the conclusion of no detectable impact on ocean bottom sediments from SONGS. Table 32 - Ocean Bottom Sediment Concentration Mn-54 PreOp 0.015 - 0.49 0. 129 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.013-1 .160 0.199 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.014-8.100 0.788 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp < LLD - 0.020 < LLD < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.014 - 0.090 0.039 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ce-144 PreOp 0.060 - 0.260 0.160 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Ooerational c < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Page 172
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR NOTES: a Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 - December 2017 b LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B c During 2017, all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were< LLD H. Marine Species (Flesh) Non-migratory marine species are collected semi-annually near SONGS. As a norm, marine species caught by the SONGS outfalls and from Laguna Beach include various species of adult fish, crustacean and mollusks. Upon collection the flesh portion is analyzed for gamma-emitting radion uclides as specified in the ODCM . The results are subsequently reported as pCi/g, wet weight. Results for several marine species for both the preoperational and 2017 operational periods for Units 2/3 are summarized in Table 33. The marine species used for purposes of comparison include: Sheephead (a fish), Blacksmith (a fish) , Black Perch (a fish), Bay Mussel (a mollusk), and Spiny Lobster (a crustacean). Radionuclides analyzed but not included in Table 33 were below the lower limits of detection for both the preoperational and operational periods . During the 2017 operational period, no SONGS related radionuclides were detected above the MDC. The data indicate no accumulation trends. The operation of SONGS in 2017 had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 33 - Marine Species Concentration Co-58 PreOp 0.016 - 0.030 0.023 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.005 - 0.044 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp < LLD - 0.004 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.004 - 0.018 0.007 0.005 - 0.012 0.007 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.009-0.011 0.010 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.004-0 .045 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp 0.002-0 .009 0.006 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.003-0 .015 0.008 0.004-0.014 0.009 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Page 173
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR All other SONGS Mn-54 PreOp 0.009 - 0.025 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.008 - 0.080 0.028 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.005 - 0.400 0.077 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.003 - 0.006 0.004 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ru-103 PreOp < LLD - 0.045 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radion uclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.007 - 0.270 0.086 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.014 - 0.210 0.060 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.005 - 0.011 0.008 0.040 - 0.015 0.008 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD NOTES: a Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 - December 2017 b LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B C During 2017 , all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were < LLD d Species collected in 2017 include California Mussel , Sheephead , Kelp Bass, Keyhole Limpet and Spiny Lobster I. Local Crops In the preoperational period of January 1979 through July 1982, Sr-90 was detected in the control samples of kale, parsley, and squash. Naturally occurring K-40 was detected in cucumber, kale, and tomato samples from the indicator and control locations. Ce-144 and Zr-95 were detected in one sample of parsley at the control location at concentrations of 0.12 and 0.09 pCi/g, wet weight respectively. During 2017, only natural radionuclides were identified in local crops , at both the indicator and control locations . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Page 174
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR J. Soil A comparison of operational and preoperational data does not reveal any accumulation pattern of SONGS related isotopes in soil. The intermittent detection of Cs-137 in both indicator and control locations is due to residual fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 34 - Soil Concentration I 'i V..) .. . . , . ,,, " ~ . . ., ... Sr-90 PreOp 0.02 - 0.08 0.044 < LLD - 0.03 < LLD Operational N/A N/A N/A N/A Cs-137 PreOp 0.02 - 0.20 0.096 < LLD - 0.06 < 0.10 Operational <LLD - 0.17 0.17 <LLD-0 .193 0.117 All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD K. Kelp Kelp is collected semiannually from three indicator locations and from a control location situated at Salt Creek. After collection , the samples are analyzed by gamma-spectral analysis for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related radionuclides. To assess the impact of SONGS operations on kelp, preoperational data were compared to 2017 operational data in Table 35. Radionuclides detected during the preoperational period for SONGS include Mn-54, Co-60, Zr-95, 1-131 , and Cs-137 . During the 2017 operational period , 1-131 was detected in three indicator and one control sample. No other station related isotopes were detected in kelp samples during the 2017 operational period. Figure 10 shows a close correlation between indicator and control sample locations over an extended period of time. Although 1-131 activity has been detected in kelp since 1977, there is no evidence that the concentration of 1-131 or other station related radionuclides are a result of operations at SONGS. The presence of 1-131 in kelp is apparently due to the sewer release of medical administrations of radioisotopes , since it has been detected consistently in control as well as indicator locations. Since 1988 the concentration of 1-131, when detected, has typically been highest at the control locations. Page 175
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR Table 35 - Kelp Concentration
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t '. I " ,. ' "~ 1 r ~... ' " .. ,,..,.,,j,.'.._,,;;.,* _.,J 11..t.. u,,~ ; f...k-k.;. "~Ji,,,,,&.;,;. 1b<Jn"'., :~/. ,-;::. ~f,,;r;t-J.::<,az-1 "' * ';;.Ji;' :.,,} Mn-54 PreOp < LLD - 0.005 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.006 - 0.009 0.008 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Zr(Nb)-95 PreOp 0.014 - 0.090 0.046 0.018 - 0.053 0.036 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD 1-131 PreOp 0.006 - 0.024 0.013 0.008 - 0.030 0.014 Operational 0.084 - 0.133 0.113 0.081 - 0.081 0.081 Cs-137 PreOp 0.004 - 0.071 0.027 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD The 1-131 results in 2017 are much higher than found during the preoperational program . However, all of the positive results were from the April 2017 sampling and were found in both indicator and control sample locations. No 1-131 was detected during the October 2017 sampling. These data, along with there no longer being a viable production mechanism for 1-131 at SONGS, support the conclusion that the detection of 1-131 in kelp is due to factors external to SONGS. Page 176
2017 AREOR APPENDIX E. DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS IN 2017 Page 177
APPENDIX E 2017 AREOR DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS Deviations from the ODCM sampling requirements are identified below in accordance with section 5.0 of the ODCM . The performance standard for environmental data collection of 95% was met for all sample types. During 2017, the ODCM specified a priori LLD was achieved for all REMP samples. Deviations from the ODCM were associated with external factors not within the control of REMP personnel such as limited availability of marine samples at the locations specified in the ODCM . The 2017 ODCM deviations had no meaningful impact on the REMP database and did not compromise the validity of the reported conclusions. A. Direct Radiation Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs)
- 1. During the 2017 1st quarter TLD change out on 4/5/2017, it was identified that TLD #46 (South State Parks Beach Trail #1) had the bottom of the TLD canister broken off (vandalism) and the TLD was missing. A new TLD canister and the 2nd quarter TLD was re-established at the location . This resulted in a total of 195 direct radiation samples on Table 14 instead of 196 samples.
- 2. Collection of three (3) TLDs located on Camp Pendleton was delayed for the second quarter due to denial of access from Range Control. TLDs are normally collected between April 1 and 10, however they were collected on April 18 (AR 0317-39889).
B. Air Sampling At SONGS, there are a total of 7 Indicator and 1 Control Air Samplers. Downtime for each air sampler in 2017 was due to weekly sample collection , annual Preventative Maintenance (PM) , and the change outs for the flow meters/pumps was approximately 46 minutes for each sampler. Weekly Change Out: 0.5 minutes (approx.) x 52 = 26 minutes Annual PM 15 minutes (approx.) Annual Flow meter/Pump change out 5 minutes (approx.) Downtimes in excess of 1 hour are addressed below for each ODCM required air sample.
- 1) Air Sampler #13 (Camp Pendleton). On February 21 , 2017, Camp Pendleton schedulers cancelled our access into Alpha-2 Training Area due to hazardous conditions created by rain storm on February 17, 2017. The roads in the area were impacted by flash flood conditions . The air sample was changed out on February 28, 2017 and analyzed. This resulted in one 14-day sample instead of two separate 7-day sample periods as required by the ODCM (AR# 0217-28430). Thus the total number of REMP air particulate samples listed on Table 14 was reduced to 415 samples for 2017.
- 2) On June 20, 2017, the air sampler pump failed after 95 hours of sample collection.
The samples were collected and analyzed . There was no detectable licensed plant material on sample's media (AR 0617-23286).
- 3) On November 26 , 2017 Air Sampler #13 was out of service from approximately 0138 to 0518, due to a power outage at the MESA.
- 4) On November 28, 2017 Air Sampler #13 was out of service from approximately 1202-1400, due to a power outage at the MESA.
In all these events, the Radiological Effluent and Environmental Specialist reviewed previous and post event's data to verify that all ODCM LLDs were met. C. Ocean Water Sampling No deviations were observed Page 178
APPENDIX E 2017 AREOR D. Drinking Water No deviations were observed E. Shoreline Sediments No deviations were observed F. Ocean Bottom Sediments No deviations were observed G. Marine Species (Flesh) No deviations were observed H. Local Crops No deviations were observed I. Soil No deviations were observed J. Kelp No deviations were observed Page 179
2017 AREOR APPENDIX F. LAND USE CENSUS Page I 80
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Introduction The regulatory basis for conducting a Land Use Census (LUC) is identified in 10CFR50, Appendix I, Sec IV.B.3. The purpose of the LUC is to "identify changes in the use of unrestricted areas and to permit modifications in monitoring program for evaluating doses to individuals from principle pathways of exposure. " 1 In addition, Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1, section C3 address that "written procedures should be prepared , reviewed, and approved for activities involved in carrying out the monitoring program. " The 2017 LUC was conducted to comply with the surveillance requirement as defined in the Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Section 5.2. The current Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Procedure S0123-IX-1 .20, Land Use Census, establishes the method of documenting and verifying land use results obtained in compliance to San Onofre's Technical Specifications and ODCM. Executive Summary The land area around San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) is not subject to significant change due to the nature of the land uses. The area around SONGS is divided into sixteen (16) geographical sectors . The Pacific Ocean and United States Marine Corps (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton comprise 13 of the 16 sectors surrounding SONGS. The City of San Clemente (a mature municipal area) and coastline comprise the remaining three sectors. Therefore, the characteristics of the local land area substantially inhibit significant land use changes. Definition of Uses Residence is defined as any structure (single-family house, apartment, mobile home, barracks or sim ilar unit) that is occupied by an individual(s) or resident(s) for three months or longer in a given year. Other Specified Use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population as other than their primary residence. The use is divided into two categories : employment and non-employment related . Employment use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population engaged in normal work activities regardless of the length of time spent at the location, and regardless of its permanence, including concession stands, restaurants , campground hosts, markets and guard shacks. Non-employment-related use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population who are not engaged in normal work activities, including campgrounds, temporary housing, time-share condominiums, motels, hotels, schools and beaches. Milk animals are cows, goats, and sheep whose milk is used in dairy products for human consumption. Meat animals include, but are not limited to, deer, cattle , goats and sheep whose meat is used for human consumption . 1 10 CFR 50 Appendix I, Section IV, B.3 Page I 81
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Fresh, leafy vegetables include, but are not limited to , lettuce, cabbage and spinach . Fleshy vegetables include, but are not limited to, tomatoes, cucumbers, cauliflower and sweet corn. The Land Use Census Scope The land area around SONGS includes both Orange and San Diego counties . The Orange County portion includes a portion of the city of San Clemente (official population as of July 2016 is 65 ,309 per the city's demographics and statistical information website) and the San Clemente State Park. The San Diego County portion includes much of the (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton , San Onofre State Beach and Park, and SONGS itself. The LUC map is divided into 16 geographical sectors: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q and R. The ODCM surveillance requirement is performed by identifying the location of the nearest garden greater than 500 square feet, nearest milk animals , nearest residence , and other identified land uses in each of the sixteen (16) geographical sectors within a distance of five (5) miles from San Onofre Units 2 and 3. In addition , the Land Use Census aids in detecting changes in the presence of hazardous manufacturing and handling facilities within the five (5) mile radius. The methodology consists of reviewing data from the previous LUC reports and verifying if any information has changed. The LUC is conducted and updated at least once per 12 months between the dates of June 1st and October 1st. Also, non-residential usage such as fire stations , surf camps and other potential pathways of exposure to an individual are identified due to the fact that these usages are closer to full time residence based on information provided by the appropriate point of contact or agency. Sectors A, B, C, D, E, and F include land within the boundaries of (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton. The study area in sector G includes the area along the coast south of SONGS. Sectors H, J, K, L, M, and N are the Pacific Ocean , therefore no land use possible. Sectors P, Q, and R include a section of San Clemente and part of Camp Pendleton . Research Methodology Completion of the 2017 SONGS Land Use Census required conversations with agencies , organ izations, individuals and field research. The Radiological Effluent and Environmental Specialist reviewed the previous 2016 LUC and associated documentation spreadsheet. Then the data was verified . If changes occurred , then changes were reflected in this Land Use Census . This was accomplished by contacting the point of contact for the appropriate agency, organ ization, or military base whom possessed knowledge on the land usage. The following agencies and organizations were contacted or additional information was researched through their respective websites :
- California Highway Patrol
- Orange County Agricultural
- State of California Department of Parks and Recreation , including San Onofre State Beach
- United States Border Patrol
- USMC Base , Camp Pendleton
- City of San Clemente In cases where it was deemed appropriate, letters requesting information were sent to residents that in the past Land Use Census have identified gardens 500 square feet or greater. The Page I 82
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR United States Border Patrol did not respond to our inquiries due to national security so an "estimated hours of occupancy" value of 2400 hours was utilized. It was determined that military personnel would have complete control over the land uses within their jurisdiction . Communication provided by the point of contacts from Camp Pendleton and State Parks was considered final. Agency contact and documentation were completed in compliance with the Land Use Census procedure. Field Research During and after the completion of the preliminary research , field research was undertaken to confirm initial find ings and obtain further information necessary to complete the Land Use Census. Field research was initiated in mid-August 2017. Data and Methodology Summary The appropriate individual or organization was identified for each existing and new LUC location. The individual or organization was contacted to determine the use and occupancy for that location . For each LUC location , the appropriate individual was asked to provide an estimate of annual occupancy based on personal knowledge of the location . The information gathered is summarized in Table 1. Additional information , not requ ired by the ODCM , has been included in Table 2 for historical trending purposes. Documentation Spreadsheet Throughout the study, records of contacts and findings were maintained in accordance with the Land Use Census Procedure, S0123-IX-1 .20. A documentation spreadsheet was prepared and retained in the Rad iological Effluents and Environmental files . The spreadsheet may have telephone notes, agency contacts, Southern California Edison (SCE ) memoranda, and any other types of correspondence . 2017 Land Use Census Observations and Changes The follow observations were noted :
- Historically, several gardens have been identified on Avendia Salvador and documented in the Land Use Census. A drive by was conducted and the following was observed :
o Only a plot of land existed with an absence of a garden at 788 Avend ia Salvador. Its designation was G-17. Since this plot of land has no garden , letters were sent to the owners at 786 Avendia Salvador and 790 Avendia Salvador addresses to verify any potential gardens. o The owner at 786 Avendia Salvador in San Clemente located in Sector R, stated that a garden existed on the property. The newly identified garden was given the designation G-19. o The owner at 790 Avendia Salvador stated that a garden no longer existed . This garden was given the designation G-20.
- The SONGS indicator garden was relocated to a location near Air Sampler #11 in order to return a portion of the MESA to the Department of the Navy. (from 0.4 miles NNW to 0.7 miles NNW).
- The sewage treatment plant that is northeast of the Mesa property was being upgraded with new storage tanks and equ ipment. Per the Camp Pendleton contact, this will not be manned continuously. The sewage treatment plant workers are required to check in on the facility 3 to 4 times a day.
Page 183
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Chemical and Toxic Waste The presence of manufacturing facilities , chemical plants, and toxic waste sites was researched to provide information in detecting any hazardous chemicals , which could impede the operation of SONGS through fire, explosion, or chemical spills. Some manufacturing is located in the northeastern section of the city of San Clemente and is outside the study area. No such uses are allowed to exist in the commercial and residential areas of the city of San Clemente within the study area. In Camp Pendleton, there are no designated manufacturing or chemical use areas within the 5 mile radius of the plant based conversation with Camp Pendleton 's Director of Community Plans and Liaison Office. Milk Animals No dairies or other facilities producing milk for human consumption were identified in 2017. Meat Animals No agricultural meat animals were identified during the 2017 LUC. The only known meat animal pathway land uses is recreational hunting . Deer graze year round on Camp Pendleton. Growing Season for fleshy and leafy vegetables Leafy vegetable samples are available at the SONGS garden year round. Fleshy and leafy vegetables were available approximately eight months during 2017 at the SONGS garden. Desalination Plant in Carlsbad, California The Carlsbad desalination plant ( officially known as the Claude "Bud" Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant) opened on December 14, 2015. The plant is 27 miles south of SONGS. It is located on the coast adjacent to the north end of the Encina Power Station. The plant produces approximately 50 million gallons of water per day. It is the largest and most technologically advanced desalination plant in the Western Hemisphere. The plant produces enough water to meet the daily needs of 300,000 San Diego residents Summary of Changes For the period of July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017, the Camp Pendleton deer hunting take data was updated and reflected in Table 3. Per the USMC wildlife biologist, the exact location of a particular kill was not known . The reported take area should be interpreted as an estimate of approximate location. Thus a deer reported taken in hunting area Alpha 2 may actually have been taken in an adjacent hunting area (such as Romeo 3 or Bravo 3). There were no changes to the estimated distances from SONGS to the nearest vegetation potentially consumed by deer from July 1, 2016 through June 30, 2017. Page I 84
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Distances to nearest vegetation typically consumed by deer: Distance from Units 2/3 Units 2/3 Sector (miles) p 0.3 Q 0.3 R 0.2 A 0.1 B 0.1 C 0.1 D 0.1 E 0.2 F 0.3 G 0.1 Page I 85
APPENDIX F 201 7 AREOR Table 1 - SONGS 20 17 Land Use Census
!~ -0 :E, i,'
C:
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'j _g; 8
- , )( :, Miles from Miles from
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.c0 "~' o8 Sector LUC# Residence U2/3 LUC# Gardens U2/3 LUC# Other Specified Uses U2/3 A R-A1 Camp San Mateo 3.6 FTR 0-8 Camp San Mateo Motor Pool 3.6 2,000 22 SCE Land Uses 0.4 B 0-9 USMC CP Sanitary Land Fill 2.1 816 C R-C2 Camp San Onofre Fire Station #7 52 Area 2.4 FTR 0-10 Camp San Onofre (STP #11 } 2.2 2,000 R-C1 Camp san Onofre Barracks 524101 2.8 FTR R-C3 Camp San Onofre Barracks 2.6 FTR D R-D1 Camp San Onofre Barracks 3.0 FTR E R-E1 Camp Homo Barracks 4.1 FT R 0 -5 Cam p Homo Motor Pool 4.0 2,500 F 0 -1 San Onofre State Beach Guard Shack 0.8 1,500 31A Border Patrol Checkpoint (NB) 1.9 2,400*
318 Hwy Patrol W eigh Station (NB) 2.1 1,960 San Onofre State Park-campsite s#99-104 G R-G1- 3.0 FTR 0-2 San Onofre Beach Campground 1.8 720 2 Camo Host Volunteers over 18 yrs. 32 Hwv Patrol Weioh Station (S Bl 2.1 1,960 Endless Summer Surf Camp (see notes) I 0 -2A 2.8 4,380 Campground Host 0-2B YMCA Surf Camp (see notes) 2 576 Sectors H, J, K, L, M, and N have no identified land uses These sectors are primarily the Pacific Ocean and contain only a small portion of the plant site, and a beach walkway providing access for state beach park users north & south of SONGS . p R-P3 San Onofre Rec Beach (SORB) 1 FTR G-3 4130 Calle Isabella 2.8 0-6 Surf Beach (Lifeouardl 0.5 800 R-P2 San Mateo Point housing 2.7 FTR G-14 4090 Calle Isabella 2.9 3 Trestles Beach Lookout tower 1.8 500 R-P1 Cotton point Estates 2.7 FTR 0-2 D Summer Sou l Surf Cam p 0.5 440 Q R-Q5 SORB Resident Employee 1.1 FTR G-8 2240 Ave Salvador 4.1 0-3 State Park Office Trailer 0.69 2,000 R-Q2 San Onofre Il l housing 1.4 FTR G-5 1706 S Ola Vista 4.4 5 Surf Beach Guard Shack 0.7 1,500 R-Q3 San Mateo Point Housinq 2.7 FTR G-15 130 Calle del Pacifico 4 18 SORB Lifequard Tower 1.2 2,000 G-18 115 Ave San Pablo 4.1 1A SORB Camporound Check-in 1.3 2,000 R R-R1 San Onofre Ill housinq 1.3 FTR G-10 SO NGS Garden 0.4 G-19 788 Ave Salvador 4.9 Bold Text indicates a change from the 2016 LUC Data as of 9-30-2017 FTR - Full Time Residence Page 186
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 2
~-Eg
-g _ E g Units Miles coo E[ Miles Miles ro o E~
2/3 from E ~ *-:, from from ~ ~ *~ 8 Sector LUC# Residence U2/3
~ ::J w _g 5
~
o8 LUC# Gardens U2/3 LUC# Other Specified Uses U2/3 ,\4 :2 s n A R-A2 SON GS Camp Mesa 0.4 FTR 24 Cristianitos Fire Station 5 3,984 B C D E F G G-6 1315 S Ola Vista 4.6 0-2C SurfCamp.com State Beach Surf Camp 2.3 did not occupv San Onofre Park in 2012 Sectors H, J, K, L, M and N have no identified land uses. These sectors are primarily the Pacific Ocean and contain only a small portion of the plant site, and a beach walkway provid ing access for state beach park users north & south of SONGS. p Contractor overnight parking R-P5 0.6 1040 in Lot 4 SORB Clubhouse (permanently closed Q 11 State Parks Ma in Offices 3.5 FTR 14 3 W San Anton io 4.3 7 per USMC) 16 147 W Junipero : 4.1 B USMC Exchanoe & Commissarv 1.7 2,000 G-6 1315 S Ola Vista 4.6 9 Basilone Road USMC Entrv Gate 2 520 G-16 432 Ave Crespi 3.8 12 San Mateo Campground 2.9 4,380 17 Beach Concession (Pier Shack and Grill) 4.5 2,600 13 Beach Concession (Califia Beach Cafe) 3.9 1,200 788 Ave. Salvador R 20 Sea Ridge Estates 4.5 FTR G-17 4.9 19 Camp San Mateo (STP#12) 3.7 2,000
!This is an emptv lotl R-R3 SONGS Drv Camping PL 12 0.7 2136 G-20 790 Ave. Salvador 4.9 21 Cristianitos USMC Entry Gate 4.1 520 SONGS Camp Mesa (See R- R2 0.4 FTR 23 Cristianitos USMC Gas Station 4.1 2,000 notes for Table 1)
Bold Text indicates a change from the 2016 LUC. Data as of 9-30-2017 FTR - Full Time Residence Page 187
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR NOTES FOR TABLES 1 AND 2 RESIDENCES LUC# Description R-A1 CAMP SAN MATEO (barracks)-This is an employment and an FTR land use location for persons 17 and older. R-A2, CAMP MESA-Former FTR and is permanently closed. R-R2 R-C2 CAMP SAN ONOFRE FIRE STATION-This is an employment and FTR land use location for persons 18 and older R-C1 , CAMP SAN ONOFRE (barracks)-This is an employment and FTR land use locations for R-C3, persons 17 and older R-D1 R-E1 CAMP HORNO (barracks)-This is an employment and a FTR land use location for persons 17 and older R-G1 San Onofre State Park- (2) Camp Host Volunteers live FTR at campsites #99-104. R-P1 COTTON POINT ESTATES-This is a FTR for all age groups R-P2, SAN MATEO POINT HOUSING-This is a FTR for all age groups R-03 R-02, SAN ONOFRE Ill housing-This permanent housing development is a FTR for all age groups R-R1 R-P3, SAN ONOFRE RECREATION BEACH (SORB)-This is a FTR for SORB employees and R-05 campground hosts (age 18 & over). This is also a non-employment land use location (camping) for all age groups . A person or family may camp at SORB for a maximum of 60 days per calendar year VEGETABLE GARDENS Historically, several gardens have been identified on Avendia Salvador and documented in the Land Use Census. A drive by was conducted and the following was observed:
- Only a plot of land existed with an absence of a garden at 788 Avendia Salvador. Its designation was G-17. Since this plot of land has no garden, letters were sent to the owners at 786 Avendia Salvador and 790 Avendia Salvador addresses to verify any potential gardens.
- The owner at 786 Avendia Salvador in San Clemente located in Sector R, stated that a garden existed on the property. The newly identified garden was given the designation G-19.
- The owner at 790 Avendia Salvador stated that a garden no longer existed. This garden was given the designation G-20.
Based on the updated information, Figure 4 was revised to reflect the current active gardens. Page 188
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR OTHER LUC LOCATIONS CLOSER THAN THE CLOSEST RESIDENCE LUC# Description 0-1 SAN ONOFRE STATE BEACH GUARD SHACK-this is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0-2 SAN ONOFRE BEACH CAMPGROUND-This is a non-employment (recreational) and use location for all age groups . 0 -2A ENDLESS SUMMER SURF CAMP/CAMPGROUND HOST-The Endless summer Surf Camp and the State Parks Campground host are located in spaces 100 to 103. The maximum occupancy for persons age 18 and older is 4380 hours . The maximum occupancy for persons 17 and younger is 360 hours . This is both an employment and a non-employment land use location . 0 -2B YMCA Surf Camp 0-2C Summer Soul Surf Camp- Summer Soul Surf Camp is a day camp that takes place at Dog Patch beach in San Onofre Beach. The maximum occupancy for persons age 18 and older is 440 hours. The maximum occupancy for 17 and younger is 40 hours . 0-3 STATE PARK OFF ICE TRAILER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0 -5 CAMP HORNO MOTOR POOL-This is an employment land use location for persons 17 and older. 0 -6 SURF BEACH (LIFEGUARD)-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0-8 CAMP SAN MATEO MOTOR POOL-This is an employment land use location for persons 17 and older. 0-9 USMC CP SANITARY LANDFILL-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0 -10 CAMP SAN ONOFRE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (STP #11 )-Th is is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. R-C2 SAN ONOFRE FIRE STATION #7 52 AREA-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 1A SORB CAMPGROUND CHECKIN-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 3 TRESTLES BEACH LOOKOUT TOWER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 5 SURF BEACH GUARD SHACK-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 18 SORB LIFEGUARD TOWER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 22 SCE Land Uses-Are occupied by unmonitored SCE workers 31A BORDER PATROL CHECKPOINT-Th is is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 31B HIGHWAY PATROL WEIGH STATIONS-These are employment land use locations for 32 persons 18 and older Page I 89
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 2 Notes: Table 2 locations are not mapped. The garden land uses listed in Table 2 do not exist (LUC
- 14 and LUC #16 gardens have been paved over and are no longer able to support vegetation growth). LUC G-6 and G-16 no longer have gardens on property. SONGS Camp Mesa is no longer a residence and is permanently closed. The "other specified uses" locations listed in Table 2 are further away from the midpoint of Units 2/3 that is closest to the full time residence (all age groups) in the corresponding sector. The residences listed in Table 2 are not the closest full time residence in the corresponding sector. The Table 2 locations have been retained for historical trending purposes and are not required by the ODCM. A review of the business need to continue including these locations was closed in March 2013 because these locations were used to track locations that in the past were input for R(i) tables' calculations and they need to remain in the LUC. Refer to NN (Nuclear Notification) 202232049. R-P5Contract Worker in Parking Lot 4-This was a 6 month residence for a contract worker that slept in personal vehicle in between shifts until 4/1/2013 (NN 202649118). This is an inactive residence .
Page I 90
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 3 - Camp Pendleton Hunting Take Data. July 1, 2016-June 30, 2017 Deer Hunter Sm Game Hunter Area Effort Effort Deer Coyote Dove Quail Rabbit Sauirrel Pigeon Hours Hours Alpha-1 B(3),C(3.2) 227 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alpha-2 E(0.8) ,D(0.8},C(3) 93 25 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alpha-3 0(2.2) 60 320 0 0 0 23 11 6 0 Bravo-2 8(3.8) , A(4.2) 77 145 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 Bravo-3 B(1 .6},A(1 .8} ,R( 1.8) 60 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Romeo-1 E(1) 29 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Romeo-2 E(2.6) 99 28 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 Romeo-3 E(1.4}, F(1 .5) 88 52 3 0 0 4 0 0 0 Papa-2 & Tango F(5) 55 36 3 0 0 0 4 4 0 Totals 788 653 15 0 0 28 17 10 0
- 1. The total hunting hou rs includes time attributable to multiple individuals. Th is value bounds the maximally exposed individual.
Page I 91
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR 2014 II.and Use C,ens.us la.nd IJMS 4 ~ o n a l & Recrnlional U-0 Unit& 2'J3 Miq)oint
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Figure2 2016 Land Us@ CGnsus RP.s irl1mr.P_~
- Residenc~
o Units 213 Midpoint 5,0!D 0 5,000
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR 5.mile radius...._ Figure 4 2017 Land Use Census Gardens
- Gardens Greater than 500 SQ. ft.
0 Units 2/J Midpoint 0 0 .5 Miles
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Figure 5 2014 Land Use Census Other Uses 0 Units 2/3 Midpoint
- other Speafied Uses 0 0.5 Milas F"8 Na"'° 2014LUC_F,gu<e5_00,...__ ""d Dote Th..-Y, S,,,,00,.- 2~ 2014 F.... , . . ~ he<- ... pion<w,g - " " " " " " ' ond
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20 17 AREOR APPENDIX G. ERRATA TO PREVIOUS AREORs Page I 96
Appendix G 2017 AREOR The 2016 AREOR text references incorrect number of cross check samples and an incorrect acceptance rate . Per the 2016 Annual Environmental Quality Assurance (QA) Report, GEL performed 501 individual cross check analyses representative of samples analyzed for SONGS. The accuracy of each result reported to Eckert & Ziegler Analytics , Inc. is measured by the ratio of GEL's result to the known value. Over 98% of the cross-check sample results were acceptable, which satisfies GEL's QA criteria . Page 197
2017 AREOR APPENDIX H. CDPH CO-LOCATED TLDs Page 198
Appendix H 2017 AREOR CDPH TLDs CO-LOCATED W ITH REMP TLDs DURING 2017 California Department of Public Health (CDPH) maintains a TLD program in the environs of SONGS. Per DPH (Department of Public Health) request, the results of CDPH dosimeters that are co-located with SONGS dosimeters are reported below. Table 36. 2017 Data from REMP TLDs (mR/ standard quarter) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Location Number Location Name Qtr. Qtr. Qtr. Qtr. SCE-1, NRC-7, DPH #2 City of San Clemente 11 7 15 N/A SCE-2, NRC -23, DPH #8 Camp San Mateo 13 9 16 11 SCE-3, NRC -19, DPH #9 Camp San Onofre 10 8 12 10 Old El Camino Real (Old SCE-6, DPH #10 4 3 5 3 Highway 101) (ESE) Bluff (Adjacent to PIC #1) (San SCE-10, NRC-12, DPH #6 13 6 14 8 Onofre Surfing Beach) Former US Coast Guard Station SCE-22, NRC 11 , DPH #4 14 10 14 11
- San Mateo Point SCE-34, NRC -14, DPH #5 San Onofre Elementary School 8 10 12 9 SCE-50, NRC 32, DPH #13 Oceanside Fire Station 9 9 12 9 Note: Requirements in the standard Technical Specifications (TS) adopted under the TS Improvement Program include reporting results of TLDs that are co-located with NRC dosimeters. The NRC dosimeters were exchanged by the CDPH under contract with the NRC. This contract expired in December 1997 and the NRC TLDs were no longer being deployed around SONGS. See Appendix I of the "1997 Radiological Environmental Operating Report", April, 1998 The CDPH TLD results confirm that SONGS does not have a significant impact on direct radiation exposures in the environment.
Page 199
2017 AREOR APPENDIX I. ISFSI TLD DATA Page 1100
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Summary Per 10 CFR 72.126, SONGS implemented an area monitoring TLD program in the vicinity of the ISFSI. In the fourth quarter of 2001, 21 pre-operational TLDs were deployed in the area around the ISFSI foundation then under construction . This pre-operational TLD data are compared to the data obtained after the commencement of used fuel storage in the ISFSI for the purposes of estimating the additional exposure attributable to the operation of the ISFSI. An evaluation of the entire REMP TLD database yielded an estimated background exposure rate of approximately 15 mR/std. quarter (91 days). However, some local variability within the CAB / EAB is to be attributable to factors external to SONGS. Another variable for the measured exposure rate is transit exposure to and from the TLD lab. The transit exposure is variable and is corrected by the lab. Therefore, a comparison of pre-operational data and operational data needs to be considered in conjunction with a comparison of ISFSI TLD data and the estimated baseline background exposure rate within the EAB. Environmental exposure rates are variable and small changes in TLD location can measurably change the data. SONGS REMP TLD data show an environmental seasonal variability that does not appear to be related to any activities at SONGS. The ISFSI TLD data gathered to date appears to follow a similar seasonal variability (Figure 14). In addition to environmental factors, some non-lSFSI work activities at Unit 1 have elevated the pre-operational measured ISFSI TLD exposure. The storage and transport of radioactive materials and waste near the location of the ISFSI foundation area in 2001 and 2002 appears to have elevated the exposure rates of TLDs 306 to 315. In addition, the movement of the Unit 1 reactor vessel in October 2002 caused a noticeable increase in the measured exposure for TLDs 301 to 315. The measured exposure rate for the ISFSI TLDs close to the ISFSI is consistent with the exposure rate expected from known radiological work activities. The elevated exposure rate from TLDs 301, 302, 303, 304, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327 and 328 is primarily due to the movement and storage of used fuel at the ISFSI. In the second quarter of 2011 additional TLDs 327 and 328 were placed along the fence on the southwest side of the ISFSI. These TLDs routinely have the highest measured doses, as they did in 2017. These locations, however, are not accessible to members of the public. Publicly accessible REMP TLDs include SCE-55, SCE-56 and SCE-57. Only SCE-55 (San Onofre State Beach) recorded measurable dose, at approximately 14 mrem/yr. In 2016, additional ISFSI TLD locations were added immediately along the fence and seawall south and west of the ISFSI: Locations SCE-339, 340, 341, 342 , 343 and 344 (see Figure 13). Starting in the fourth quarter 2010 neutron dosimeters were placed in ISFSI TLD canisters 311, 324, 325, and 326. In the second quarter 2011 neutron dosimeters were also placed adjacent to TLDs 327 and 328. Beginning in the 4th quarter of 2016, neutron TLDs were co-located with locations SCE-339 through SCE-343. The neutron TLDs were added to obtain neutron information prior to the off load of spent fuel from Units 2 and 3. The 201 7 neutron TLDs identified measurable levels of neutron radiation from spent fuel in storage. A dose equivalent conversion factor for the TLD neutron signal of 10.5 mrem/mR neutron has been applied, based on a similar ISFSI facility at another site. It is being applied to the SONGS TLD results only to provide an estimate of the neutron dose equivalent being measured. The neutron dose is not significant, and has been included in the quarterly results for these locations in Table 37 . Page I 101
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Neutron exposure during fuel transfer is measurable at the fence surrounding the storage facility at low levels, estimated to be less than 3 mrem per quarter. These measurements demonstrate that the neutron exposure is bounded by the projected neutron dose rates in calculation SCE-23-0508, is well within the limits specified in 10CFR72.104 (0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to the whole body, 0.75 mSv (75 mrem) to the thyroid and 0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to any other critical organ, and is consistent with known ISFSI rad iological conditions . The measured ISFSI gamma TLD exposure rates were also determined to be consistent with the calculated ISFSI dose rates and known rad iological conditions . The results from all locations at the fence around the ISFSI pad show that a member of the public, if at those locations and adjusted for occupancy per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, is less than 2 mrem per year, well below regulatory limits. Page 1102
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Table 37. 20 17 ISFSI TLD Data 301 15.8 18.0 18.0 17.1 17.5 ND ND ND ND 70.6 ND ND 302 15.8 21 .1 21 .6 19.8 19.4 5.3 5.8 ND ND 81.9 18.9 1.1 303 15.8 21 .1 20.8 19. 7 20.5 5.4 5.0 ND ND 82.1 19.0 1.1 304 15.8 20.7 20.4 19.2 19.5 ND ND ND ND 79.8 16.7 1.0 306 15.8 21 .0 20.8 19.1 19.2 5.3 5.0 ND ND 80.2 17.1 1.0 307 15.8 17.5 16.6 15.4 15.4 ND ND ND ND 64.9 ND ND 308 15.8 19.4 19.3 17.6 18.4 ND ND ND ND 74.7 11 .6 0.7 309 15.8 19.9 20.4 18.9 18.2 ND ND ND ND 77.5 14.4 0.8 310 15.8 20.3 20.5 18.5 19.2 ND ND ND ND 78.4 15.3 0.9 311 ISFSl-01 c 15.8 19.5 20.1 18.5 17.8 ND ND ND ND 75.8 12.7 0.7 312 15.8 14.8 15.1 14.8 13.8 ND ND ND ND 58 .6 ND ND 314 15.8 19.4 20.0 19.6 18.8 ND ND ND ND 77.8 14.7 0.8 315 15.8 19.2 19.0 18.9 17.5 ND ND ND ND 74.6 11 .6 0.7 316 15.8 15.5 16.0 14.8 14.8 ND ND ND ND 61 .0 ND ND 317 15.8 16.0 16.5 15.0 15.1 ND ND ND ND 62.6 ND ND 318e 15.8 18.4 19.1 18.4 17.4 ND ND ND ND 73.2 10.1 0.6 319e 15.8 18.7 20.6 18.8 17.4 ND ND ND ND 75.6 12.6 0.7 320e 15.8 18.2 18.9 18.2 17.7 ND ND ND ND 73.0 ND ND 321 e 15.8 19.3 19.3 19.4 17.4 ND ND ND ND 75.4 12.3 0.7 322 15.8 16.8 18.4 17.1 16.3 ND ND ND ND 68.6 ND ND 323 15.8 20.3 20.1 19.4 19.0 ND ND ND ND 78.9 15.8 0.9 324 ISFSl-04c 15.8 23.9 25.0 23.1 21.7 8.1 9.2 7.3 5.9 93.7 30.6 1.7 325 ISFSl-03c 15.8 23.8 26.5 26.2 22.4 8.0 10.8 10.4 6.6 98.9 35.8 2.0 326 ISFSl-02c 15.8 24.7 22 .5 22.7 19.2 8.9 6.7 6.9 ND 89.1 26 .0 1.5 327 ISFSl-05c 15.8 43.4 48 .7 44 .5 49.2 27.6 32.9 28 .8 33.4 185.8 122.7 7.0 328 ISFS l-06c 15.8 44 .8 49.3 34.0 36.1 29.0 33.6 18.2 20.3 164.1 101 .0 5.8 339 ISFS l-08c 15.8 20.0 20.7 19.2 19.4 ND ND ND ND 79.2 16.2 0.9 340 ISFSl-09c 15.8 18.7 19.4 17.5 18.3 ND ND ND ND 73 .9 10.9 0.6 341 ISFSl-10c 15.8 19.7 21 .6 18.6 18.9 ND 5.8 ND ND 78.8 15.7 0.9 342 ISFSl-11 c 15.8 21 .3 21 .6 20.0 20.0 5.6 5.9 ND ND 83.0 19.9 1.1 Page I 103
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR
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- a. ISFSI TLDs are placed around the ISFSI pad , and not in locations accessible to the general public.
- b. Public dose is based on the individual location occupancy as specified in SDS-RP1-PCD-1007.
- c. Station includes neutron dose, estimated using a neutron signal (Rn) co nversion factor of 10.5*R,Jrem (HPSTID 08-015)
- d. 1.05 1 mrem/mR from ANSI N13.37-201 4, Section 3. 2.1
- e. T hese TLDs are publicly accessible.
Page 1104
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR
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APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR ISFSI and REMP TLDs 30 25 20 CT
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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Figure 14 - ISFSI and REMP TLDs Page 1106
- - - - -~
APPENDIX J 20 17 AREOR APPENDIX J. OFFSITE GROUND WATER SAMPLING Page I 107
APPENDIX J 2017 AREOR Offsite Drinking Water Data All investigations have shown that there are no drinking water pathways at SONGS . Figure 15 below illustrates groundwater well locations along with the flow of the groundwater. The operation of SONGS had no impact on drinking water wells in the vicinity of SONGS . I S.Ctor P WNW SONGS Drinking Water Walls S.c-to.rH w ... helot M WSW SktOf'l: SW Figure 15 - Closest Drinking Water Wells Page 1108
2017 AREOR Glossary a posteriori After the fact a priori Before the fact ALARA As Low As is Reasonably Achievable means making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits in this part as is practical consistent with the purpose for which the licensed activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of nuclear energy and licensed materials in the public interest. Cosmogenic Radionuclides (or isotopes) created when a high-energy cosmic ray nuclides interacts with the nucleus of an atom . These isotopes are produced within Earth materials such as rocks or soil, in Earth's atmosphere, and in extraterrestrial items such as meteorites. Radioactive isotopes beryllium-? and beryllium-10 fall into this series of three light elements (lithium, beryllium, boron) formed mostly[citation needed] by cosmic ray spallation nucleosynthesis, both of these nuclides have half-lives too short for them to have been formed before the formation of the Solar System , and thus they cannot be primordial nuclides. Since the cosmic ray spallation route is the only possible source of beryllium-? and beryllium-10 occurrence naturally in the environment, they are therefore cosmogenic. Below is a list of radioisotopes formed by the action of cosmic rays in the atmosphere; the list also contains the production mode of the isotope. Isotope Mode of formation 3 H (tritium) 14N (n, 12C)3H 7 Be Spallation (N and 0) 10Be Spallation (N and 0) 11c Spallation (N and 0) 14c 14N (n, p) 14c 1aF 180 (p, n) 18 F and Spallation (Ar) 22Na Spallation (Ar) 24Na Spallation (Ar) 2aMg Spallation (Ar) 31 Si Spallation (Ar) 32Si Spallation (Ar) 32p Spallation (Ar) 34mc1 Spallation (Ar) 35S Spallation (Ar) 36CI 35 36 CI (n, y) CI 37Ar 37 CI (p, n) 37 Ar 3aCI Spallation (Ar) Page I 109
2017 AREOR 39Ar 38Ar (n , y) 39 Ar 39CI 40Ar (n , np) 39 CI & spallation (Ar) 41 Ar 40Ar (n , y) 41 Ar a1 Kr 8°Kr (n , y) 81 Kr Decay Series There are three naturally occurring decay series of heavy elements that transform into a series of various radioactive elements by releasing energy in the form of particles, (such as alpha or beta), and/or gamma rays to end in a stable form of non-radioactive Lead . All three decay series start with extremely long lived radioactive, heavy elements that can be measured in geologic time units. They are Uranium-238 with an approximate half-life of 4.5 billion years, Uranium -235 with a half-life of about 700 million years , and Thorium- 232 with a half-life of 14 billion years. All three series contain some more well-known radioactive species, Radium and Radon . Distinguishable from Detectable concentration of a radionuclide that is statistically different from background the background concentration of that radionuclide in the vicinity of the site or, in the case of structures, in similar materials using adequate measurement technology, survey, and statistical techniques. Dose The amount of radiation that is absorbed by a person's body. In the radiation field the term dose is sometimes used interchangeably with dose equivalent, which is defined as the rem and described below. fCi/m 3 acronym for a femto-curie per cubic meter, which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a particular air volume , such as a cubic meter. A curie , named after its discoverers Pierre and Marie Curie, is defined as the rate at which a radioactive element transforms itself into another element that is most often another radioactive element. It is mathematically equivalent to 37 billion disintegrations or transformations per second. A "femto" is a scientific prefix for an exponential term that is equivalent to one quadrillionth (1/1,000,000,000,000,000). Half-life A measure of how fast half the mass of a radioactive element will transform itself into another element. Each radioactive element has its own unique rate of transformation. Consequently, if a radioactive element, such as lodine-131 has a half-life of 8 days, then in 8 days half of the original amount of lodine-131 will be gone; in another 8 days half of that half will be left and so on . Gamma A scientific method used to analyze gamma rays emanating from Spectroscopy radioactive elements. The analytical system determines the gamma ray energy which acts as a "fingerprint" for specific radioactive materials. For example, Potassium-40 (K-40) has a very, distinctive gamma energy at 1460 keV. This uniqueness allows the instrument to positively identify the K-40 1460 energy as its own unique fingerprint. A keV is an abbreviation for kilo electron volt, which is a measure of energy at the atomic level. A kilo is a scientific prefix for the multiplier 1,000. Page 1110
2017 AREOR Gross Beta A simple screening technique employed to measure the total number of beta particles emanating from a potentially radioactive sample , with higher values usually indicating that the sample contains natural and/or man-made radioactive elements. High values would prompt further analyses to identify the radioactive species. A beta is a negatively charged particle that is emitted from the nucleus of an atom with a mass equal to that of an orbiting electron . Liquid Scintillation An analytical technique by which Tritium and many other radioactive contaminants in water are measured . A sample is placed in a special glass vial that already contains a special scintillation cocktail. The vial is sealed and the container vigorously shaken to create a homogeneous mix. When the tritium transforms or decays it emits a very low energy beta particle. The beta interacts with the scintillating medium and produces a light pulse that is counted by the instrument. Although a different scintillation cocktail is used , this is basically how radon in well water is measured . Millirem (mrem) one thousandth (1/1000) of a rem . milliRoentgen (mR) one thousandth (1/1000) of a Roentgen pCi/kg an acronym for a pico-curie per kilogram , which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a unit mass, such as a kilogram . A "pico" is a scientific prefix for an exponential term that is equivalent to one trillionth (1/1 ,000,000,000,000). pCi/L an acronym for a pico-curie per liter, which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a unit volume, such as a liter. Rem an acronym for roentgen equivalent man. It is a conventional unit of dose equivalent that is based on how much of the radiation energy is absorbed by the body multiplied by a quality factor, which is a measure of the relative hazard of energy transfer by different particles , (alpha , beta, neutrons, protons, etc.), gamma rays or x-rays . In comparison the average natural background radiation dose equivalent to the United States population is estimated to be 292 millirems per year, or 0.8 millirem per day, with 68 % of that dose coming from radon . A millirem is one thousandth, (1/1000), of a rem. Roentgen a special unit of exposure named after the discoverer of X-Rays , Wilhelm Roentgen . It is a measure of how much ionization is produced in the air when it is bombarded with X-Rays or Gamma Rays. Ionization is described as the removal of an orbital electron from an atom . Skyshine is radiation from a radioactive source that bounces off air molecules in the sky, much like a cue ball does off the banking of a billiard table, and is scattered/redirected back down to the earth. Thermolu minescent very small plastic-like phosphors or crystals that are placed in a small plastic Dosimeters (TLD) cage and mounted on trees , posts, etc. to absorb any radiation that impinges on the material. Special readers are then used to heat the plastic to release the energy that was stored when the radiation was absorbed by the plastic. The energy released is in the form of invisible light and that light is counted by the TLD reader. The intensity of the light emitted from the crystals is directly proportional to the amount of radiation that the TLD Page 1111
2017 AREOR phosphor was exposed to. Site Area Boundary SONGS SAB is defined as that line beyond which the land is not owned, (SAB) leased , or otherwise controlled by the licensee; from ODCM definition. Tritium (Hydrogen-3 a special name given to the radioactive form of Hydrogen usually found in or H-3) nature. All radioactive elements are represented as a combination of their chemical symbol and their mass number. Therefore , Tritium, which is a heavy form of the Hydrogen molecule with one proton and two neutrons in the nucleus of its atom , is abbreviated and represented by its chemical symbol , H, for Hydrogen and 3 for the number of particles in its nucleus, or mass number. Similarly, other radioactive elements, such as Potassium-40, can be represented and abbreviated as K-40, and so on Page 1112
2017 San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report
~ EU License Numbers:
DISORN DPR-13, NPF-10, NPF-15 An EDISON INTERNATIONAL 1 Company April 2018 Prepared by: Chesape ke N dear Service m=i
- ILaboratories LLC a member of The GEL Group INC
2017 AREOR This 2017 Annual Radiolog ical Environmental Operating Report (AREOR) for the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) fulfills the requirements of Technical Specifications (TS} Section §D6 .9.1.3 of SONGS Unit 1 License DPR-13, Section §5.7.1.2 of the permanently defueled SONGS Units 2 and 3 Licenses NPF-10 and NPF-15, respectively, and the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) facility. The 2017 AREOR covers the results of the environmental monitoring performed around SONGS during the ti me period January 1, 2017 through December 31 , 2017. Page Ii
2017 AREOR Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary ............... ... ...... .. ... ................. .... ............ ... ..... ................ .. ........... .......... 1 2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program ...... ........................ .. .... .............................. 2 2.1 Program Overview .. ................... .... ..... ... .................. ....... .......... ...... ............................. 2 2.2 Site Area and Description .. ................................. .......................... ................ .. ... .......... 3 2.3 Sample Collection and Analyses ................................................................................. 6 2.3.1 Detection Limit Terminology ........ ........................ .. .... .. .............. .... .. ...... .............. 7 2.4 Regulations and Guidance ...................................... ...... .. .... ....... ...... ........................... 8 2.5 NRC Reporting Levels .... .. ................ .. ................... ..... ... ........................... .. ................ 10 2.6 Summary of Analysis of Results and Trends ................................................ .. ............ 10 3 Land Use Census ........................ .......... .... ............ .. ................... ........ .. .............. ..... .. .......... 12 4 Quality Assurance ...... ... ..................................................................................... ............. .. .. 12 5 Program Deviations .............. ........ ...... ...................... .. .. ................ ... ....... .......... ........... ........ 13 6 Conclusion ...... ....... .... ......... .. ................ ......... ........... ........ ... .. ....... .... .. .... .. ...... ... .... ........... .. 13 7 References ............................... .. ................... ...... .. .... .......................................................... 13 APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TYPE AND SAM PUNG LOCATIONS ................................................. 14 APPENDIX B. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS OF 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ................ 26 A. Results and Discussions of 2017 Environmental Data ................................................... 28
- 1. Direct Radiation ......... ............. .. .. ...... ............. ......... .... ..... ... .. ............ ..... .... ....... .... 28
- 2. Airborne Particulate, Iodine, and Composite Isotopic Analyses .... .. .... .......... ...... .. .33
- 3. Ocean Water ...... ...... .. ...................................... ........... ....... ... .............. .. ............... 34
- 4. Drinking Water ............................................................................................ .......... 34
- 5. Shoreline Sediment (Beach Sand) ...................... ..... ....... .. ....... .. ....... .. ....... .......... .34
- 6. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. .... ................................... .......................................... 34
- 7. Marine Species (Flesh) .. ...................................... ................................................. 35
- 8. Local Crops ... .... ............. ........ .. ................ ....... .... ..... ............. .. .......... .... .... ........ ... 35
- 9. Soil ...... .. .... .. ... .......... .. ................ ......... ............ .... ..... ..... ........ .... ......... ...... .......... .. 35
- 10. Kelp ..... ... ... .. .... .................... ....... .......... .... ......... ........ .. .. ....... .... .. ........... .... ...... ..... 36 Page I ii
2017 AREOR 11 . Correlation of Effluent Concentration to Concentrations in the Environment .... .. ... 37 B. Statistical Summary of REMP Data For 2017 ................. ... ...... ... .. ... .. .. .... ... ... ..... ........... 39 APPENDIX C.
SUMMARY
OF QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAMS ..... ..... ............ ........... .... .... .45 A. Summary ................... .. .. ..... ... ..... ........... ......... ...... .. ....... ................ .. ..... ...... ..... .... ... .... ... 46 B. Quarterly Duplicate TLDs ...... ................... .... ....... ... .... .. ..... ......................... .......... ..... ....46 C. Annual Duplicate TLDs ...... .. .... .. .... ... .... .... .......... ..... ...... ....... ... .... ..... .. ..... ....... .... .......... .46 D. Calibration of Air Sampler Volume Meters .............................. ......... ... .................... .... .. .46 E. lnterlaboratory Cross-Check Program: ... ......... .... ........ .. ... ....... .... ........ ..... ... ... .. ....... .... ..47 F. Analytical Laboratory Cross Check Program Summary ... ....... .... .... ... .......... .. .... ...... ..... .48 APPENDIX D. COMPARISON OF OPERATIONAL TO PREOPERATIONAL DATA ....... .. .... .... 67 A. Direct Radiation ................................................................ ................... ..... .... ... .. ....... ... ..69
- 8. Airborne Particulates .. ............. ......... ......... ... .... ....... .. .. ....... .... .. .. ................................ .. .69 C. Radioiodine ... ............. .. ......... .... .. .. .... ... .... .................. .... ... ....... ...... ... .... ........ ... ........ ..... 70 D. Ocean Water .... ........ ... ........... ... ..... ....... .. ...... ....... ....................... .. .... .... .... ... .. ............... 70 E. Drinking Water ..... ..... ......... ..... .... .............. ... .. .. .......... ........... ..... ... ...... .... .. ... ... ... .. ..... .. ... 71 F. Shoreline Sediments (Sand) ..... ... ... .. ..... ......... ....... ......... ............ ..... .... ... .... .... ......... ..... .71 G. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. ..... ...... ................. .... ............ ......................... ........ ... ... .. ... ..72 H. Marine Species (Flesh) ................................................... .. ........ .... ..... ..... .. .............. ... ... .73 I. Local Crops ... .... ... .......... .... ........................................ ....... ... ... ...... ............. ........... ... .. ... 74 J. Soil ...... .. ... .. ... .... .. ... ........... ... ... ........ .... ......... ..... ..... .... .... .... .. .. ... ... .. ..... .. ...... .. ............... .75 K. Kelp ......... .. ........ ... ............ ...... ...... .......... .............. ... ..... ....... ........... .. ... ... ........... ..... .... .. .75 APPENDIX E. DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS IN 2017 ........ ...... .. 77 A. Direct Radiation .. .... ......... ...... ..... .. .. .... ... ............. .......... ....... .......... ... .............. ... .. ........ .. 78 B. Air Sampling ... ........... ......... .... ... ..... ... .. ... ... ...... ..... .......... ...... ... .............. ... .. ... .. ...... ..... ... 78 C. Ocean Water Sampling .... ...... .. .. ....... ..................................................................... ... .... 78 D. Drinking Water ..... .... ... ......... .... ..... .. ..... .. ... ....... ..... .. ..... ........... ... .......... ... ..... ... .... ........... 79 E. Shoreline Sediments ....... .... ....... ... ...... .......... ......... ...... .... .... .. ...... .. .......... ... ..... ..... .. .. .. ..79 Page I iii
2017 AREOR F. Ocean Bottom Sediments .. .. .... .. .... ........... ............ .. ............. ... ..... .. .......... .... .. ...... ... ..... .. 79 G. Marine Species (Flesh) ............... ....... .. .. .... .... ...... .. ............. .... ........ ... ..... .... .... ...... ......... 79 H. Local Crops ...... ... .. ........ .... ... ..... .. .... .... ..... ..... ..... .... ..... .... ... ... .. .. ... ........ .. ... ..... ......... ... ... 79 I. Soil .... ...... .... ...... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ....... .. ........... .... ..... ... ..... .... ..... ..... ...... ....... .... ..... .... ..... .... 79 J. Kelp ... ...... ......... .. ....... .... .... ...... .. ... ... .... .. ..... ... .... ..... ... .... .... ...... .. .... ... .. ....... ..... ..... .... ... ... 79 APPENDIX F. LAND USE CENSUS ... .... ....... ..... ......... ... ..... ..... ... .... .... ... ..... ...... .. ... .... .. ...... .. .. .. 80 Introduction ... ............... .. .. ... ... ... .. ... ...... ... ............ ...... ..... .. ...... .... ... .. ...... ... ... ... ... ...... ....... ... .. 81 Executive Summary ............. ... ......... .... .......... ...... ......... ...... ... ... ............ ..... ..... .... .. ...... 81 Definition of Uses ........ .. .. .. ... ....... .. .. ..... ..... ... ......... .. .. .... ..... .. ... ... .... ... .... ......... ...... ...... 81 The Land Use Census Scope ...... ..... ....... ....... ....... ..... ... .. ....... ....... .. ...... ....... ...... ..... ... 82 Research Methodology .... ................ ....... .. ..... ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ...... .. ........ .... ... .... .. .. ... .. .. ... ..... .... 82 Field Research ... ........ ..... ... .... ... .... ........ ... .. .... ... .................. ......... ..... ........ ... .... .... .... .. 83 Data and Methodology Summary ............ .. ...... ...... ....... ........ .. ....... .... .... ....... .. ....... .. .. .83 Documentation Spreadsheet ....... ... ... .... ... .. ................... ..... ..... .... ....... ... ..... ...... .... ...... 83 2017 Land Use Census Observations and Changes ...... ... .... .. ........ .. ... .... .. ... .... ... ..... .. ... ..... 83 Chemical and Toxic Waste .. .... ........... .... ....... .. ... ... ........ ...... .. ... .... ..... .. ... ... ... .. .... .. ..... .84 Milk Animals ... ... ..... .... ......... .. ...... ........ .... .. .... .. .... .. ...... .. .. ...... ..... ..... .. .... ....... .... ...... .... 84 Meat Animals .. ... .. ....... .. .. .... ... .... ... .. ..... ....... ..... .. ..... ....... ... ... .... .......... .. ..... .. ..... ... .. .... .. 84 Growing Season for fleshy and leafy vegetables .. ....... ... ....... .. .. ......... .. ...... .. .... .. .. ..... .84 Desalination Plant in Carlsbad , California ............ ... ...... ..... .. ... ....... .... ... ... ....... ... ......... 84 Summary of Changes ...... .. ... ..... .... .... ....... .. ..... ....... ...... .. ... .. .. .. ...... .. ... ... .. .. ....... .. .... .. .. 84 APPENDIX G. ERRATA TO PREVIOUS AREORs ... ..... ...... ........ ..... .. .. .......... ......... .. .... .... ... ... .. 96 APPENDIX H. CDPH CO-LOCATED TLDs .. ...... .... ........................................ ................ .... ....... 98 APPENDIX I. ISFSI TLD DATA. .. .................. ......... ..... ......... ..... ..... ....... ........ ... .... ............ ..... .100 APPENDIX J. OFFSITE GROUND WATER SAMPLING ...... .... .... ......... ....... ..... ... .... .. ..... ... ....107 Page I iv
2017 AREOR Figures Figure 1 - Examples of Exposure Pathways .... .. .. .. ... .. ... ....... .............. ........... .... .. ..... ....... 3 Figure 2 - SONGS 45 mile REMP Radius ... .. .. ... ..... .... ..................................... .. .... .... .... . 4 Figure 3 - SONGS Location ... ......... .. ... ........ .... .. ................ .. .... ... ....... .... ..... ..... .... .. ........ . 5 Figure 4 - SONGS REMP One Mile Radius ....................... ................ ... .... ....... .... ......... 21 Figure 5 - SONGS REMP Two Mile Radius .................. .... .... ... ... .... .. ..... .............. .. ....... 22 Figure 6 - SONGS REMP Five Mile Radius ..... ... ..... .. ... ......... ....... .. ...... ..... .... ............... 23 Figure 7 - SONGS REMP 30-mile Radius North .... .............. ....... ............. ... .. .. ... .. ......... 24 Figure 8 - SONGS REMP 45-mile Radius South ............... ........ .. ..................... .. .... ..... . 25 Figure 9 - SONGS REMP TLD data through 2017 .................. .. ....... ...... .......... .. ... .... ... 29 Figure 10 131 in Aquatic Kelp .............................................. .............. .. .... ..... .... .. .. ... . 36 Figure 11 - Kelp Sampling Locations .. .................... .... ........... .. ............... ........... ...... ...... 37 Figure 12 - Monthly Average Airborne Particulate Gross Beta Preoperational and Operational Data for Units 2 and 3, (1976 -1988) ..... .... .. .. .... ... ..... .... ....... . 70 Figure 13 - SONGS ISFSI and Selected REMP TLD Locations ........ .. .... .. .... .. ...... ..... 105 Figure 14 - ISFSI and REMP TLDs ... ................................. ....... ........ ....... ........... ....... . 106 Figure 15 - Closest Drinking Water Wells ............. .. .... .. .... .............. ............. ....... ... ... .. 108 Page Iv
2017 AREOR Acronyms AREOR Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report CAB Controlled Area Boundary CDPH California Department of Public Health CEAL Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory DOE Department of Energy EAB Exclusion Area Boundary EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ISFSI Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation LLD Lower Limit of Detection LUC Land Use Census MDC Minimum Detectable Concentration MDD Minimum Differential Dose ND Not Detectable NEI Nuclear Energy Institute NRC U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ODCM Offsite Dose Calculation Manual QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control REMP Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program SAB Site Area Boundary TLD Thermoluminescent Dosimeter Page I vi
2017 AREOR 1 Executive Summary On June 12, 2013, Southern California Edison notified the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) that it had permanently ceased operation for both Units 2 and 3 on June 7, 2013. While all power operations have ceased, spent fuel remains stored on site. San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (hereafter referred to as San Onofre or SONGS) continues to fulfill its regulatory commitment to monitor the environment and potential exposure pathways. The REMP verifies that San Onofre has had no radiological impact to the surrounding environment or people and that it is within applicable state and federal regulations. The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) includes the sampling of environmental media and measuring radiation levels in the environment surrounding SONGS. Its purpose is to identify any levels of radioactivity or radiation associated with SONGS that have a potential exposure to a member of the general public. This is accomplished through the measurement of direct radiation and by the sampling and analyses of various environmental media, including:
- soil
- shoreline sediment (beach sand)
- air (particulate & iodine)
- local crops
- non-migratory marine species
- kelp
- drinking water
- ocean water
- ocean bottom sediments Samples are analyzed for both naturally occurring and SONGS plant-related radionuclides. A detailed description of the 2017 sampling locations and location maps are included in Appendix A of this report.
An independent assessment of environmental impact is performed by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) through the collection and analysis of samples, placement of dosimeters and collection of air samples. In addition , the site participates in onsite and offsite inspections. This report describes the REMP conducted at San Onofre and covers the period from January 1, 2017 through December 31 , 2017. The REMP produces scientifically defensible data demonstrating no observable radiological environmental impact from SONGS. This report fulfills applicable license commitments, as described in DPR-13, NPF-10, NPF-15, and the Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM). The REMP data collected during 2017, as in previous years , continues to be representative of background levels. The data is summarized in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data found in Appendix B. The radionuclides cesium-137 (Cs-137) in soil and iodine-131 (1-131) in kelp were detected above the minimum detectable concentration (MDC), with the Cs-137 being attributable to fallout from nuclear weapons testing and the Fukushima Daiichi accident in Japan and the 1-131 associated with medical administrations. These isotopes have been detected at indicator locations, as well as at control locations, in past years. Naturally occurring radionuclides, including beryllium-? (Be-7), potassium-40 (K-40), thorium-228 (Th-228) and thorium-230 (Th-230) were detected in both control and indicator locations at similar Page 11
2017 AREOR concentrations and are not related to the operation of SONGS. Refer to Appendix B for a more detailed discussion. There is a natural and manmade radiation background . Natural background is comprised of the terrestrial and cosmic radiation sources while manmade background results from past weapons testing fallout and routine medical applications. Prior to the construction of SONGS, environmental samples and measurements were collected and analyzed to determine the baseline natural radiation levels. The results from the indicator stations are compared to this pre-operational data, as well as control samples, to evaluate if changes in any radiation levels can be attributed to SONGS or other causes such as natural variations in the environment or manmade contributions. In summary, the environmental monitoring data collected during 2017 supports a conclusion of no adverse effect on the population or the environment from SONGS. The radiation exposures to people living in the surrounding area from SONGS remains less than 2 mrem per year, which is a small fraction of the radiation exposures in the environment from the natural background from terrestrial and cosmic radiation . 2 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 2.1 Program Overview A key purpose of the REMP is to characterize the radiological environment outside of the power block, providing data for assessing potential radiological impact resulting from the decommissioning activities for SONGS Units 2 and 3. It is designed and conducted :
- to detect any significant increase in the concentration of radionuclides in the pathways of exposure to the public,
- to detect any significant change in ambient gamma radiation levels, and
- to fulfill the radiological environmental monitoring requirements of the ODCM .
Exposure pathways are the different routes by which people can potentially be exposed to radiation or radioactive materials . The pathways may be characterized into four general types, shown below along with a brief description of the monitoring as performed at SONGS:
- AIRBORNE . The airborne pathway represents the inhalation intake of airborne radioactive materials. This pathway is sampled in areas around SONGS by continuously drawing air through specialized filters and charcoal cartridges 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Although both units at SONGS have been shut down since January 2012, these air samples continue to be collected on a weekly basis.
- WATERBORNE. The waterborne pathways include the exposure to radioactive materials accumulated in aquatic biota (fish, shellfish) and in shoreline sediments.
These pathways are assessed through the collection of fish and shellfish samples in the environment around the plant. Sediment samples are also collected to evaluate any long-term buildup in the environment.
- INGESTION . The ingestion pathway includes broadleaf vegetation, agricultural products, and food products. Atmospheric releases from the plant can deposit on these food products, representing an intake exposure pathway through the consumption of these food products . Samples of crops (e.g ., tomato, lettuce, sorrel) are collected from the local area around the plant to evaluate any impact on this pathway.
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2017 AREOR
- DIRECT RADIATION. The direct radiation pathway represents the external exposure from sources on the plant site and directly from any radioactive effluents released to the air or water. This direct environmental radiation dose is measured through the use of direct measurement dosimeters, such as thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) or optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLs) that are placed around the plant site and in the local environment.
Figure 1 - Examples of Exposure Pathways 2.2 Site Area and Description San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station is located next to San Onofre State Beach, adjoining Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base, in San Diego County, 64 miles south of Los Angeles, California. At this time there are no operating reactors, but in the past, there were three operating pressurized water reactors with a total rated capacity of 2664 net megawatts electrical. Page 13
2017 AREOR Figure 2 - SONGS 45 mile REMP Radius Unit 1, rated at 410 net megawatts electrical, was supplied by Westinghouse Electric Company. Unit 1 began commercial operation on January 1, 1968. The unit was permanently shut down on November 30, 1992, and has been decommissioned. By August 31 , 2004, all fuel was transferred to the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI). By November 29, 2006, all remaining monitored effluent pathways were permanently removed from service or routed to Unit 2 discharge to the outfall. Unit 1 is owned by Southern California Edison (80%) and San Diego Gas and Electric (20% ). Unit 2 and Unit 3 were supplied by Combustion Engineering, Inc., with turbine generators supplied by G.E.C. Turbine Generators , Ltd., of England . The units began commercial operation on August 18, 1983, and April 1, 1984, respectively, and were rated at 1127 net megawatts electrical each. The twin units are owned by Southern California Edison (78.21%), San Diego Gas and Electric (20% ), and the City of Riverside ( 1. 79% ). Page 14
l 2017 AREOR nta Mof'Nea M ot1ntailta *
,rional ecreation Area M alibu Senta Cal *
- P&cific O n Fig ure 3 - SONGS Location Effective December 29, 2006, the City of Anaheim transferred its ownership interests in San Onofre Units 2 and 3 and the entitlement to the Units 2 and 3 output to Southern California Edison Company, except that it retains its ownership interests in its spent nuclear fuel and Units 2 and 3's independent spent fuel storage installation located on the facility's site. In addition, the City of Anaheim retains financial responsibility for its spent fuel and for a portion of the Units 2 and 3 decommissioning costs. The City of Anaheim remains a licensee for purposes of its retained interests and liabilities. Southern California Edison notified the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on June 12, 2013, that it had permanently ceased operation of Units 2 and 3 on June 7, 2013. The NRC notification, called a Certification of Permanent Cessation of Power Operations, sets the stage for SCE to begin preparations for decommissioning .
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2017 AREOR 2.3 Sample Collection and Analyses Samples of environmental media were obtained to meet the stated objectives . The selection of sample types was based on established important pathways for the transfer of radionuclides through the environment to exposures to individuals. Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of REMP sample locations as described in Table 5-4 of the ODCM . Sampling locations have been selected , considering the local environmental characteristics, including meteorology, land use and water use data . Two types of sampling locations are defined. The first type , representing control stations, is located in areas that are beyond the measurable influence of San Onofre, typically at distance of greater than 5 miles away. The sample results from these stations are considered representative of background levels with no potential for contribution from releases and sources at SONGS. The control stations also serve as indicators of rad ioactive sources other than SONGS, such as nuclear medicine applications. The second type, representing indicator stations, is used to measure any radiation contributed to the environment caused by San Onofre. Indicator stations are located close to San Onofre (within 5 miles), reflecting the nearby areas to provide environmental measurements for releases from the plant. Indicator stations can be located either onsite or offsite . As described in Section 4, below, the SONGS REMP is conducted in accordance with a Quality Assura nce Program , meeting the requirements of NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1. Samples are collected using approved methods; radiochemical analyses of these samples are performed using standardized analytical methods. The Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory (CEAL) participates in an inter-laboratory comparison program in partial fulfillment of the quality assurance requirements for environmental monitoring. The CEAL participated in cross check programs which meet the intent of Reg . Guide 4.15. See Appendix C for additional details. Page 16
2017 AREOR 2.3.1 Detection Limit Terminology The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) requires that equipment and analytical methods used for radiological monitoring must be able to detect specified minimum limits for the type sample and the radionuclide of the analysis. The a priori detection capability for the analytical system used for the measurement is referred to as the Lower Limit of Detection (LLD). This LLD ensures that radiation measurements are sufficiently sensitive to detect any levels of concern and small changes in the environment. Samples with no detectable radiation levels are typically referred to as less than the minimum detectable concentration (MDC). The MDC is evaluated for each sample and is used to ensure that the specific analysis has sufficient sensitivity to detect levels consistent with the requirements for analysis by the system LLD. For a more thorough discussion , refer to NUREG/CR-4007.
- Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) - The LLD is the a priori (before the fact) lower limit of detection for the method used for the analysis. It is a measure of the detection capability for the analytical method and not for any single sample analysis. This value is calculated for each isotope and every matrix based on typical or expected values of decay time , sample size, counter efficiency, etc. The LLD values are listed in the ODCM and represent the detection capability that the analytical methods must meet for the specified sample media.
- Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC) - The MDC is the a posteriori (after the fact) lower limit of detection based on actual decay time , measured sample size, and counting efficiency for an individual sample analysis. The MDC is compared to the LLD to verify that the measurement met the ODCM requirements for the maximum value of the LLD for the listed analytes. Values above the MDC are presumed to represent "detected" levels of radioactivity.
- No Detectable (ND) - "No Detectable" is used for direct radiation dosimeters, such as TLDs and OSLs data , to designate when the exposure measured is below the expected background exposure, plus a calculated uncertainty. The TLD will have measured radiation exposure, but the magnitude of the exposure is within the expected range ,
accounting for natural background and seasonal fluctuations . ND indicates that there was no exposure above the background variation that is attributable to SONGS. The sampling and analyses for the REMP are conducted in a manner to ensure the detection capabilities meet the specified requirements . Page 17
2017 AREOR 2.4 Regulations and Guidance
- 10 CFR 50, Appendix I 10 CFR 50, Appendix I establishes limits on releases of radioactivity to the environment and the resulting dose to the public. The limits are:
Source NRC Limits for SONGS Liquid Effluent Less than or equal to 3 mrem/yr to whole body from all pathways of exposure Less than or equal to 10 mrem/yr to any organ from all pathways of exposure Gaseous Effluents - Noble Less than or equal to 10 mrad/yr gamma air dose Gases Less than 20 mrad/yr, beta air dose Less than 5 mrem/yr, total body dose to an offsite exposed individual of the public lodine-131, tritium and Less than or equal to 15 mrem to any organ for an offsite particulates with half-life individual from all pathways of exposure greater than 8 days
- 40 CFR 190 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established environmental radiation protection standards in 40 CFR 190 for the uranium fuel cycle that includes nuclear power plants. These limits are applicable to the sum of liquid effluent, gaseous effluents and direct radiation.
The dose limits from all applicable pathways to any offsite individual are o 25 mrem/year to the whole body o 75 mrem/year to the thyroid o 25 mrem to any other organ As discussed in the 2017 SONGS Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report, the calculated dose to a member of the public as a result of SONGS is a small fraction of the dose standard established by the EPA. This conclusion is supported by the results of the REMP, as reflected by the absence of measurable levels of radiation or radioactive materials in the offsite environment attributable to SONGS. Page 18
2017 AREOR The EPA established the following concentration limits for drinking water in 40 CFR 141 : Source NRC Limits for SONGS Gross Alpha 15 pCi/L Gross Beta 50 pCi/L Ra-226 and Ra-228 5 pCi/L combined Sr-90 8 pCi/L Uranium 30 µG/L Tritium 30,000 pCi/L (limit for saltwater site; no downstream drinking water supplier) These limits were selected to ensure that no member of the publ ic receives more than 4 mrem total body or organ dose, based on 2 liters per day drinking water intake. The sampling of ocean water and groundwater in and around the plant confirms that SONGS has no impact on public water supplies for the surround ing communities . The following regulatory and industry guidance has been identified as applicable to the SONGS REMP with application as may be required .
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.1, Programs for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants, 1975
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.2, Preparation of Environmental Reports for Nuclear Power Stations, 1976
- NUREG-0133 , Preparation of Radiological Effluent Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.109, Calculation of Annual Doses to Man from Releases of Reactor Effluents for the Purpose of Evaluating Compliance with 10CFR Part 50, Appendix I, 1977
- NUREG-1301 , Offsite Dose Calculations Manual Guidance: Standard Radiological Effluent Controls for Pressurized Water Reactors , Generic Letter 89-01 , Supplement No.
1, 1991
- ANSI N545, American National Standard Institute, "American National Standard Performance, Testing , And Procedural Specifications for Thermoluminescence Dosimetry (Environmental Application), 1975
- ANSI/HPS N13.37, "Environmental Dosimetry - Criteria for System Design and Implementation", 2014
- US NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) - Effluent Streams and the Environment, 1979
- NUREG-1576, Multi-agency Radiological Laboratory Analytical Protocols
- NUREG/CR-4007, Lower Limit of Detection : Definition and Elaboration of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental Measurements, 1984 Page 19
2017 AREOR 2.5 NRC Reporting Levels The NRC has established required reporting levels that represent thresholds above which an investigation is needed to evaluate and ensure compliance with radiation safety standards for the public. Licensed nuclear facilities must prepare a special report and increase their sampling if any measured level of radiation or radioactive material in an environmental sample is equal to or greater than the corresponding reporting level. 2.6 Summary of Analysis of Results and Trends The 2017 SONGS REMP was conducted in accordance with 10 CFR 50, Appendix I, 10 CFR §50.36a, and Section 5.0 of the SONGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM). The REMP sample data have been summarized in the format specified in NUREG-1301 . Data have been evaluated to identify the levels of any plant-related environmental radioactivity above background levels (i.e., plant-related contributions that are distinguishable from background). For data distinguishable from background , a comparison has been made between current environmental monitoring results and preoperational or previous operational data as appropriate, for trending environmental radioactivity resulting from plant operation . To conform with 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, Section IV B.2, data on measurable levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the environment are provided to allow for a comparison to the predicted (calculated) values in the environment from radioactive material released in effluents. The tabulated means, ranges, and standard deviations are presented in Appendix B. Compa risons with background and pre-operational baseline data are presented in Appendix D. Page I 10
2017 AREOR The REMP data are reviewed for accuracy, compared against NRC reporting levels, and entered into the REMP database. Measurements exceeding the administrative levels (10% of the NRC reporting levels) are flagged . Analyses are performed using instrumentation and methods that provide analytical results with a level of detection as required by the ODCM. The a posteriori Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC) is compared to the maximum value for the a priori Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) specified in the ODCM . This ensures that regulatory limits for the maximum LLD are met. Table 1 - Maxi mum LLDs as Specified in SONGS ODCM Airborne Local Particulate Marine Crops Sediment Water or Gases Animals (pCi/kg, (pCi/kg, 3 Analysis (pCi/L) (pCi/m ') (pCi/kg, wet) wet) drv) I Gross beta 4 I 1E-02 j H-3 2000 I Mn-54 15 130 l Fe-59 30 260 I Co-58, 60 15 130 ] Zn-65 30 260 I Zr-95 , Nb-95 15 J 1-131 1 7E-02 60 I Cs-134 15 5E-02 130 60 150 ] Cs-137 18 6E-02 150 80 180 I Ba-140, La-140 15 The impact of SONGS on the surrounding environment is assessed through a series of analyses. These analyses include: data reduction , comparisons of indicator to control locations (Appendix B); comparison of operational to preoperational environmental data (Appendix D); summary of deviations from sampling requirements and corrective actions taken (Appendix E); and the results of the 2017 Land Use Census (Appendix F). The results of the 2017 monitoring program show no levels of direct rad iation or radioactive materials from SONGS distinguishable from background in the offsite environment. Environmental samples from areas surrounding SONGS continue to indicate no radiological impacts from the plant. A detailed discussion of the 2017 analytical results is presented in Appendix B to Part II of this report. Analytical values from offsite indicator sample stations continue to trend with the control stations. With the exception of measured medical radioisotope iodine-131 in kelp , unrelated to SONGS, no measurements were distinguishable from background levels. The data indicate that SONGS continues to have no measurable radiological impact on the environment or any member of the public during 2017. In addition, dose to members of the public attributable to SONGS related radiological activities remain well below regulatory limit of 100 mrem per year, as specified in 10 CFR 20, § 20.1301 and in keeping with the philosophy of "as low as is reasonably achievable" (ALARA), as specified in 10 CFR 20.1101 (b ). The REMP data collected during 2017, as in previous years , continues to be in line with background levels. The data are summarized in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data found in Appendix B. Cesium-137 (Cs-137) is routinely identified in some soil samples and lodine-131 (1-131) is found in some kelp samples. Cs-137 and 1-131 are radionuclides that could be associated with releases from nuclear power plants, including SONGS. However, the level of Cs-137 found in soil is consistent with historical and expected Cs-137 concentrations from Page I 11
2017 AREOR nuclear weapons testing . Since SONGS is no longer operating , there is not a realistic generation source for 1-131; therefore it is considered to be associated with use as medical administrations. It is no longer being generated as a fission product from the SONGS operation . And with its 8-day radioactive half-life, it is unrelated to any decommissioning activities at SONGS. Naturally occurring radionuclides , including beryllium-? (Be-7), potassium-40 (K-40), thorium-228 (Th-228) and thorium-230 (Th-230) were detected in both control and indicator locations at similar concentrations and are not related to the operation of SONGS. Refer to Appendix B for a more detailed discussion. 3 Land Use Census In accordance with 10CFR Part 50, Appendix I, Section IV.B.3, each year a Land Use Census is performed to identify any changes in the use of areas at and beyond the site boundary. Modifications to the monitoring program are made if required by the results of this census to reflect new or changes in locations for pathways of exposure around the plant. Appendix F of the report identifies changes to the census in 2017; no changes in the sampling media or sample locations were required . However, the SONGS indicator garden was relocated to a location near Air Sampler #11. 4 Quality Assurance To assure quality of sample analyses, a portion of REMP is devoted to quality assurance. All REMP activities, including support contractors , are assessed as defined in Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1. The quality assurance program's main aspects include process quality control, instrument quality control , comprehensive data reviews , cross-check analyses, and audits. Routine REMP assessments ensure that the program , procedures and personnel are performing satisfactorily. Samples are collected using approved methods; radiochemical analyses of these samples are performed using standardized analytical methods . Quality audits and independent technical reviews help determine areas that need attention . Thes~ areas are addressed in accordance with the station's Corrective Action Program . Duplicate sampling of the environment is performed by SONGS to demonstrate repeatability of the sample collection , preparation , and analysis process. Split sample analysis is performed for the evaluation of the precision and bias trends of the method of analysis without the added variables introduced by sampling . SONGS participates in a sample splitting program with the California Department of Public Health Radiological Health Branch (CDPH-RHB) in accordance with the site's REMP procedures . GEL Laboratories, LLC (GEL) performs the radiochemistry analysis of samples noted within this report. GEL performs the requested analysis under its Quality Assurance Program , which meets the requirements of Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Appendix B Part 50, ASME NQA-1 and Regulatory Guide 4.15 Revision 1. The measurement capabilities of the radiological laboratory are demonstrated by participating in an inter-laboratory measurement assurance program and performing duplicate and split sample analyses. Approximately 10% of the analyses performed are quality control samples, consisting of inter-laboratory measurement assurance program samples, duplicate samples, and split samples . The inter-laboratory measurement assurance program provides samples that are similar in matrix and size to those sampled and measured by the REMP . This program assures that equipment calibrations and sample preparation methods accurately measure radioactive material in samples. See Appendix C for detailed QA measurement data. Page 112
2017 AREOR Stanford Dosimetry performs the environmental TLD analyses noted in this report. Stanford Dosimetry performs the requested analyses under its quality assurance program which meets the requirement of Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 50, Appendix B, ASME NQA-1 and Regulatory Guide 4.15 Revision 1. 5 Program Deviations Any deviation in the conduct of the program as required, either in terms of sample collection or analysis, requires an investigation as to the cause and identification of measures to prevent recurrence . Deviations from the sampling program or sensitivity requirements are acknowledged and explained in Appendix E to this report. 6 Conclusion Radiological environmental data collected throughout 2017 have been evaluated to determine any impact that San Onofre operations has on the surrounding environment. To accomplish this, several methods of evaluation were employed , namely:
- 1. Compilation and verification of all data, as well as a determination of those data considered to be significantly greater than background levels.
- 2. Correlation of effluent concentrations to concentrations in the environment. Refer to Appendix B.
- 3. Examination of time dependent variations of pertinent radioisotopes in selected environmental media throughout the year at both indicator and control locations.
- 4. Comparison of radioactivity in various media in 2017 against the levels observed in preoperational years.
- 5. Historical trending of radionuclides in various media during operational years .
This evaluation did not identify any radionuclides attributable to the operation of SONGS above background in any sample measurement or media. It is concluded that the operation of SONGS throug h 2017 had no observable radiological environmental impact. 7 References
- 1. SONGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Revision 11 , Section 5.0, 2017.
- 2. SONGS Radiological Monitoring (RM) Procedures
- a. SDS-CH2-PGM-1006, Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program
- b. SDS-CH2-PCD-1023, Review, Analysis and Reporting of Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) Data
- 3. NUREG/CR-4007 , "Lower Limit of Detection: Definition and Elaboration of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental Measurements", August 1984.
Page 113
2017 AREOR APPENDIX A. SAMPLE TYPE AND SAMPLING LOCATIONS Page 114
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 2 - Direct Radiation Measuring Locations 1 City of San Clemente (Former SDG&E Offices) (Control) 5.7 NW 2 Camp San Mateo - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 3.6 N 3 Camp San Onofre - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 2.8 NE 4 Camp Homo - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.4 E 6 Old El Camino Real (AKA Old Highway 101) 3.0 ESE 8 Noncommissioned Officers' Beach Club 1.4 NW 10 Bluff 0.7 WNW 11 Former Visitors' Center 0.4b NW 12 South Edge of Switchyard 0.2b E 13 Southeast Site Boundary (Bluff) 0.4b ESE 15 Southwest Site Boundary (Office Building) 0.1b SSE 16 East Southeast Site Boundary 0.4b ESE 19 San Clemente Highlands 4.9 NNW 22 Former US Coast Guard Station - San Mateo Point 2.7 WNW 23 SDG&E Service Center Yard (Control) 8.1 NW 31 Aurora Park - Mission Viejo (Control) 18.6 NNW 33 Camp Talega - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) (Control) 5.9 N 34 San Onofre School - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) 1.9 NW 35 Range 312 - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.8 NNE 36 Range 208C - (MCB , Camp Pendleton) 4.1 NE 38 San Onofre State Beach Park 3.4 SE 40 SCE Training Center - Mesa 0.7 NNW 41 Old Route 101 - East 0.3b E 44 Fallbrook Fire Station (Control) 17.7 E 46 San Onofre State Beach Park 1.0 SE 47 Camp Las Flores - (MCB, Camp Pendleton) (Control) 8.6 SE 49 Camp Chappo - MCB (Control) 12.9 ESE 50 Oceanside Fire Station (Control) 15.6 SE 53 San Diego County Operations Center (Control) 44.2 SE 54 Escondido Fire Station (Control) 31 .8 ESE 55 San Onofre State Beach (U1 West) 0.2b WNW Page I 15
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 4 - Soil Sampling Locations 1~**, *~ :. f; .17,~ Fl<"~.<<~"~"'"'!"":"}' ',,,...~,7'*,:,,~,rnit;Jf\~ffi'.*:!""t,*?if;!IU'P:r,~~~::"B"'*"' '"-;;*~~l'~~ffft'ff>177s"f;'l>~
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 8 - Local Crops Sampling Locations
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A San Onofre Kelp Bed 1.5 s B San Mateo Kelp Bed 3.8 WNW C Barn Kelp Bed 6.3 SSE E Salt Creek (Control) 11 to 13 WNW to NW Table 11 - Backup Kelp Sampling Locations G Capistrano Beach Reef (not listed in the ODCM) 8.9 to 9.1 NW H San Clemente Pier (not listed in the ODCM) 5.7 to 5.8 NW Wheeler North Artificial Reef (not listed in the ODCM) 5.3 WNW Page I 18
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR Table 13 - Sector and Direction Designations Sector Center Sector 22.5° Direction Limit Line Limit Sector 348.75 0 & 360 11 .25 A N 11 .25 22 .5 33.75 B NNE 33.75 45.0 56 .25 C NE 56 .25 67.5 78 .75 D ENE 78 .75 90.0 101 .25 E E 101.25 112.0 123.75 F ESE 123.75 135.0 146.25 G SE 146.25 157.0 168.75 H SSE 168.75 180.0 191 .25 J s 191 .25 202 .5 213 .75 K SSW 213.75 225.0 236 .25 L SW 236 .25 247.5 258 .75 M WSW 258.75 270.0 281 .25 N w 281 .25 292.5 303.75 p WNW 303 .75 315.0 326 .25 Q NW 326 .25 337.5 348 .75 R NNW Page I 20
APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR PACIFIC OCE.AN radius San Onofre REMP Sector NI Seclor E One-Mi e Radius w E nlsID
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San Onofre REM P Five -Mile Radius 0 4P l.dt;2!3~ Air Clq, SectorN w liJ Dl1r&.ilg w:iei-
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San Onofre REMP 30-MUe North 0 lkvla213~
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APPENDIX A 2017 AREOR San1Onofre RE P 45-Mlle South
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2017 AREOR APPENDIX B. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS OF 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL DATA Page I 26
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR To assess the changes or trends in the radioactivity level in the environment over the past year, the data from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017 were evaluated. A summary of the type and number of REMP samples obtained in 2017 appears in Table 14. The analysis results , as presented below, support the conclusion that all measured levels of radioactivity are attributable to sources external to SONGS (fallout from the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, or Chernobyl, residual fallout from legacy atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, and discharge of medically administered 1-131 from the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall). Cs-137 has been intermittently detected in the indicator and in the control soil samples in past years and no correlation between Cs-137 level in soil and proximity to the plant has been observed . Cs-137 levels in marine animal flesh found in indicator samples closely mirror those found in control samples. We conclude that SONGS had no statistically significant radiological environmental impact during 2017. Table 14 - REMP Sample Analysis Summary for 2017 Direct Radiation Dosimetry Quarterly 49 195c Gross Beta 8 415 Weekly Airborne Particulates 1-131 8 415 Gamma Quarterly 8 32 Gamma 4 48 Monthly Ocean Water H-3 4 48 H-3 Quarterly 4 16 Gamma, 2 24 Drinking Water, H-3 Monthly 2 24 Unfiltered Gross Beta 2 24 Shorel ine Sediment Gamma Semi-Annually 4 8 Ocean Bottom Sed iment Gamma Semi-Annually 7 14 Marine Species, Flesh Gamma Semi-Annually 3 24 Local Crops Gamma Semi-Annually 2 1ob Kelp Gamma Semi-Annually 4 8 Soil Gamma Annually 5 5 NOTES
- a. The total number of analyses includes environmental samples not required by the ODCM , such as ocean water and ocean bottom samples from locations not listed in the ODCM .
- b. An extra sample of yellow squash was taken in the fall of 2017 at each location .
- c. Environmental dosimeters used for ISFSI monitoring not included in this total.
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APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR A. Results and Discussions of 2017 Environmental Data
- 1. Direct Radiation Direct gamma radiation is monitored in the environment by calcium sulfate (CaS0 4 )
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs) placed at 49 locations and analyzed quarterly per ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014 standards. The natural direct gamma radiation varies according to location because of differences in the natural radioactive materials in the soil, soil moisture content, and other factors. Figure 9 compares the direct gamma radiation measurements for indicator and control locations with those from the site EAB. The values plotted are the averages for all of the stations according to type. The trends of Figure 9 clearly show that any contribution from SONGS to the off-site environment direct dose component is negligible, being indistinguishable from the background variation . Beginning in October 2016, SONGS implemented new ANSI/HPS N13-37-2014 for environmental dosimetry system design and implementation. In accordance with this standard, the raw TLD resu lts are adjusted by the exposure to air kerma (8. 76 mGy/R) and air kerma to ambient dose (1 .2 rem/Gy) conversion factors described in ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014, Section 3.2.1 . This change results in a slight increase in the value of the dose, by a factor of 1.05 mrem/mR. Previous results in the AREOR were expressed in mR, but in keeping with ANSI N13.37, 2017 results are expressed in mrem . TLDs located greater than five miles from SONGS are generally considered control TLDs. The indicator locations are selected as inner and outer rings as required by the ODCM. Additional TLDs are placed at locations of interest such as schools and hospitals. All 2017 control location TLD readings were below the minimum detectable dose and all 2017 indicator location readings outside the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB) were below the minimum detectable dose. The Annual Public Dose, as referenced in Table 15, is based on the potential member of the public exposure at the listed location . For offsite locations, the occupancy factor is 1, for potential full-time occupancy. For onsite locations, at or near the EAB/CAB, the occupancy factor is determined per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, Direct Radiation Exposure Controls and Monitoring. The data indicate detectable direct radiation measurements only in the immediate vicinity of SONGS, via those dosimeters placed either within or immediately adjacent to the EAB. The hypothetical maximum associated exposure to a member of the general public, adjusted for occupancy per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, is less than 1 mrem per year as measured by this sample media. Refer to Table 15 for a summary of all 2017 SONGS REMP TLD data . Page I 28
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Average Quarterly TLD Exposure (mrem/std. qtr) 25 20 U'
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5 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Figure 9 - SONGS REMP TLD data through 2017 Figure 9 compares environmental radiation levels of indicator and control locations for 2017 and previous years. These figures show the close correlation between the control and indicator location TLD exposure data. Beginning in 2016, the results have been increased by the conversion factors as described above. This increase, of roughly 1 mrem/quarter, can be seen in Figure 9 above. Ten laboratory control TLDs were analyzed quarterly. TLD numbers 1, 23, 31 , 33, 44, 47, 49, 50, 53, 54 and 74 are control TLDs. Separate TLDs are used to compensate for transit dose and a fade TLD is used to evaluate for the time and temperature dependent "fade" that may affect dosimeter data . After the samples were analyzed , the measured doses were corrected for pre and post fi eld exposure times . Neutron dosimeters were placed at REMP TLD station 55 and at selected locations around the Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI). In 2017 no neutron radiation was detected at station 55. Some neutron radiation (up to 2.4 mrem/quarter) was detected at some of the ISFSI locations.
- a. Direct Radiation baseline evaluation and estimation of natural background An in-depth analysis of the environmental radiation results for the period of 2001 through 2010 was completed for all the monitoring locations. It can be inferred that if the standard deviation was low and no additional exposure above background was identified at a particular station , the average of that station's radiation exposure results should be equal to natural background (baseline) at that location. The baseline results for REMP TLDs have been summarized with the annual and quarterly values in the 2017 TLD Data Table. Natural background radiation is variable and a minor shift in location can yield a measurable change in background radiation . Therefore if a TLD is moved the baseline (background) for that location may be affected.
Page 129
APPENDIX B 20 17 AREOR The baseline environmental exposure analysis of 2001 through 2010 environmental TLD results included an assessment of the standard deviation of the quarterly results and annual totals at each control location . This is an appropriate methodology to determine the ability to detect radiation exposure above background , described in ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014, "Environmental Dosimetry - Criteria for System Design and Implementation ." The quarterly and annual results expressed in Table 15 are positive exposure if they exceed either 5 mrem quarterly or 10 mrem annually. If not, the measurement is noted as "ND" for "Not Detectable. An empirical determination of the background baseline for stations within the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB) is not possible due to the known plant related radiolog ical activities (e.g., storage and transport of radioactive materials) that occurred during the baseline calculation study period. The average of the non-EAB stations close to the beach was approximately 15.8 mrem per quarter. A value of 15.8 mrem per quarter was conservatively selected as the baseline for the REMP stations located within the EAB. In 1980 the Department of Energy (DOE) conducted an Aeri al Radiological Survey of SONGS and the surrounding area. The baseline/background value of 15.8 mrem per standard quarter within the SONGS EAB is consistent with the 1980 gamma exposure rates reported by the DOE for the areas immediately north and south of SONGS , taking into account the reduction in environmental radioactivity and background dose rates caused by the decay of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing fallout since 1980. Page I 30
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 15 - SONGS REMP TLD Data City of San Clemente 5.7 18.4 17.9 18.1 17.3 18.6 ND ND ND ND 73.5 71 .8 ND ND 2 Camp San Mateo - MCB 3.6 19.6 18.8 18.9 18.3 19.6 ND ND ND ND 78.2 75.7 ND ND 3 Camp San Onofre - MCB 2.8 17.2 16.9 17.7 16.7 18.3 ND ND ND ND 68.9 69.6 ND ND 4 Camp Homo - MCB 4.4 19.0 17.9 19.1 18.7 18.4 ND ND ND ND 76.0 74.0 ND ND 6 Old Route 101 (ESE) 3 12.0 9.7 12.8 10.8 12.1 ND ND ND ND 47.9 45.3 ND ND Noncomm issioned Officers' ND 8 1.4 16.2 16.3 16.5 16.7 16.5 ND ND ND ND 65.0 66.0 ND Beach Club 10 Bluff 0.7 17.2 16.0 17.0 15.8 17.7 ND ND ND ND 69.1 66.6 ND ND 19 San Clemente Highlands 4.9 18.7 18.3 19.7 18.7 19.3 ND ND ND ND 75.0 76.0 ND ND Former US Coast Guard 22 2.7 18.8 17.9 19.2 17.8 19.4 ND ND ND ND 75.4 74.3 ND ND Station I SDG&E Service Center Yard I I I I I I I 23 (Control) I 8.1 I 16.6 I 15.5 I 15.9 I 15.3 I 17.0 I ND ND ND ND 66.3 63.7 ND ND I Aurora Park - Mission Viejo I I 31 (Control) I 18.6 I 19.4 I 19.3 I 19.6 I 19.4 I 19.6 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 77.9 I 77.9 ND ND Camp Talega - MCB 33 5.9 19.9 18.3 18.7 19.4 20.7 ND ND ND ND 79.3 77.1 ND ND (Control) 34 San Onofre School - MCB 1.9 17.0 16.3 17.3 16.0 16.7 ND ND ND ND 68.0 66.2 ND ND 35 Range 312 - MCB 4.8 17.8 16.1 15.5 15.5 16.4 ND ND ND ND 71.0 63.5 ND ND 36 Range 208C - MCB 4.1 20.5 19.4 21 .1 19.2 20.8 ND ND ND ND 81.8 80.5 ND ND 38 San Onofre State Beach Park 3.4 15.0 13.4 15.3 13.7 14.1 ND ND ND ND 60.1 56.5 ND ND 40 SCE Training Center - Mesa 0.7 18.0 17.4 17.8 17.0 18.5 ND ND ND ND 71 .9 70.7 ND ND Fallbrook Fire Station 44 17.7 14.7 15.9 15.0 14.5 15.6 ND ND ND ND 58.9 61 .0 ND ND (Control) 46 San Onofre State Beach Park 1 12.8 11.8° 12.4 12.7 13.5 ND ND ND ND 51 .2 50.4 ND ND Camp Las Flores - MCB 47 8.6 14.0 16.2 15.8 15.4 16.2 ND ND ND ND 55.8 63.5 ND ND (Control) I Camp Chappo - MCB 49 (Control) I 12.9 I 14.9 I 15.8 I 15.6 I 15.3 I 16.3 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 59.8 I 63.0 I ND I ND I Oceanside Fire Station 50 (Control) I 15.6 I 17.4 I 18.2 I 17.7 I 16.6 I 17.6 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 69.7 I 70.0 I ND I ND San Diego County 53 1 Oeerations Center (Control' I 44.2 I 19.1 I 20.0 I 19.4 I 18.7 I 20.1 I ND I ND I ND I ND I 76.6 I 78.2 I ND I ND Escondido Fire Station 54 31 .8 16.9 18.6 17.8 16.9 18.0 ND ND ND ND 67.7 71.4 ND ND (Control) 61 Mesa - East Boundary 0.7 16.2 15.1 15.6 15.1 16.7 ND ND ND ND 64.9 62.5 ND ND 62 Camp Pendleton 0.7 13.9 12.6 12.8 12.6 14.2 ND ND ND ND 53.0 52.2 ND ND 63 Camp Pendleton 0.6 14.6 14.1 14.7 13.8 14.8 ND ND ND ND 58.3 57.5 ND ND 64 Camp Pendleton 0.6 15.8 14.7 15.7 13.9 16.2 ND ND ND ND 63.2 60.5 ND ND Page I 31
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR 65 Camp Pendleton 0.7 14.1 13.3 13.7 13.0 14.3 ND ND ND ND 56.6 54.3 ND ND 66 San Onofre State Beach 0.6 14.7 14.0 14.5 14.1 14.8 ND ND ND ND 58.4 57.4 ND ND Former SONGS Evaporation 67 0.6 17.8 17.1 17.9 16.9 18.3 ND ND ND ND 71.2 70.2 ND ND Pond 68 Range 210C - MCB 4.4 15.8 16.4 16.6 15.6 18.1 ND ND ND ND 63.3 66.7 ND ND Oceanside City Hall (Backup 74 15.6 14.0 14.3 13.7 13.1 13.7 ND ND ND ND 56.1 54.8 ND ND Control 75 Gate 25 MCB 4.6 16.7 15.5 16.3 15.9 16.7 ND ND ND ND 66.9 64.4 ND ND 76 El Camino Real Mobil Station 4.6 18.2 18.4 18.9 18.2 18.8 ND ND ND ND 73.0 74.3 ND ND 77 Area 62 Heavy Lift Pad 4.2 20.2 18.5 20.9 19.3 20.5 ND ND ND ND 80.8 79.2 ND ND 78 Horno Canyon 4.4 11.7 11 .6 13.7 11.4 11 .8 ND ND ND ND 46.9 48.5 ND ND 11 Former Visitors' Center
- 0.4 15.8 16.1 16.1 16.4 15.7 ND ND ND ND 63.1 64.3 ND ND 12 South Edge of Switchyard
- 0.2 15.8 17.0 16.9 17.0 16.7 ND ND ND ND 63.1 67.7 ND ND Southeast Site Boundary 13 0.4 15.8 20.3 20.8 18.7 20.2 ND 5.1 ND ND 63.1 80.1 17.0 0.0 Bluff)
- Southeast Site Boundary 15 a 0.1 15.8 20.3 21.5 19.9 21.5 ND 5.8 ND 5.8 63.1 83.3 20.3 0.7 Office Bid East Southeast Site 16 a 0.4 15.8 17.5 16.7 15.6 17.3 ND ND ND ND 63.1 67.0 ND ND Bounda 41 Old Route 101 - East
- 0.3 15.8 15.7 15.8 15.4 16.3 ND ND ND ND 63.1 63.0 ND ND San Onofre State Beach (U1 55 West a. d 0.2 15.8 18.6 18.3 18.3 18.6 ND ND ND ND 63.1 73.8 10.7 0.4 San Onofre State Beach (U1 56 0.2 15.8 15.4 17.6 15.1 17.2 ND ND ND ND 63.1 65.3 ND ND West
- San Onofre State Beach (Unit 57 2 a 0.1 15.8 16.7 15.8 16.6 16.9 ND ND ND ND 63.1 66.0 ND ND San Onofre State Beach (Unit 58 3 a 0.1 15.8 17.6 17.7 17.2 17.1 ND ND ND ND 63.1 69.5 ND ND SONGS Meteorological 59 0.3 15.8 19.9 19.6 19.3 20.6 ND ND ND ND 63.1 79.3 16.3 0.9 Tower
- 73 South Yard Facility
- 0.4 15.8 18.6 18.8 17.6 19.1 ND ND ND ND 63.1 74.0 11 .0 0.6 NOTES:
- a. Station is within the Exclusion Area Boundary (EAB). The quarterly baseline has been estimated to be 15.0 mR within the EAB.
- b. ND indicates that the TLD did not measure exposure greater than 3cr0 or 3crAabove the historical baseline , for that location. See ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014 for information on the determination of 3cr 0 or 3crA.
C. Public dose is calculated based on an occupancy factor of 1 (full time exposure) for locations offsite. Public dose is calculated per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007 for locations in the EAB/CAB
- d. Station 55 includes neutron dose, estimated using a neutron signal (Rn) conversion factor of 10.5*Rn/rem (HPSTID 08-015)
- e. SCE-46 TLD lost in 01. Calculated value is based on ratio of SCE-46 to nearby location SCE-66 in 2016 04.
- f. 1.051 mrem/mR from ANSI N13.37-2014 , Section 3.2.1 Page 132
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- b. Quality Control Duplicate Direct Radiation Samples Duplicate Quality Control (QC) TLD was installed adjacent to TLD #66. The duplicate TLDs agreed closely with the indicator TLDs, see Appendix C for results . These TLDs were not required by the ODCM and are not included in the Statistical Summary of REMP Data .
- c. ISFSI Direct Radiation Samples Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) TLDs were placed in the vicinity of the ISFSI. Data from these TLDs have not been included in the statistical summary of REMP data since these TLDs are not required by the ODCM . The ISFSI data are listed and discussed in Appendix I.
- 2. Airborne Particulate, Iodine, and Composite Isotopic Analyses Air particulate samples were collected on a weekly basis from seven indicator locations and from one control location. The samples were analyzed for gross beta activity, 1-131, and composited quarterly for gamma isotopic analysis . Sample locations were selected according to the req uirements of the ODCM.
Gross beta analysis is a measure of total radioactivity of beta-emitting radionuclides in a sample. Beta radiation is emitted by many radionuclides, but beta decay gives a continuous energy spectrum rather than the discrete energy lines or peaks associated with gamma radiation. Gross beta measurements can only be used as an indicator of potentially elevated levels; it does not identify specific radionuclides . Gross beta measurement data serves as a screening tool to determine if further analysis is required. All weekly gross beta activity analysis results were above the MDC. The concentration of ~ross beta activity in the samples collected from the indicator locations ranged from 0.009 pCi/m to 0.096 pCi/m 3 , averaging 0.025 pCi/m 3 of air. The concentrations of gross beta activity in the samples from the control location ranged from 0.008 to 0.091 pCi/m 3 , averaging 0.026 pCi/m 3 of air. There is seasonal variability to the gross beta results for air samplers, and the magnitude of the results in 2017 are not significantly different from what has been seen in previous years . Near the later portion of 2017, there was a noticeable increase in the gross beta data for all locations, both control and indicators. This trend will be monitored in 2018, and the fact that the trend is evident in both control and indicator locations shows that this is not the result of releases of radioactive material from SONGS. Per the requirements of the ODCM, Section 5, Table 5-1 , an assessment was performed to determine whether the gross beta activity of the indicators exceeded 10 times the background ( control location #16). The results showed that indicator locations maximum gross beta activity in air in 2017 was 0.096 pCi/m 3 which is less than 10 times the average background measured at the control location (0.026 pCi/m3). No further action is required by the ODCM . Indicator samples analyzed for 1-131 were all identified below the MDC. No action was required by the ODCM. In summary, average quarterly air particulate sample beta activity from the indicator stations and control station have been compared historically through 2017. The average of the indicators trends closely with the offsite control values . The comparison illustrates that SONGS has not contributed to detectable levels of radioactive material in the environment around the plant. There has been no detectable impact of the plant on air radioactivity. These stations are located near the site boundary downwind from the plant, based on the prevailing wind direction. The beta activity measured in the air particulate samples is from naturally occurring radioactive material. Gamma analyses are performed on quarterly composites of the air particulate samples to determine if any activity is from SONGS. The gamma analyses have revealed no radioactivity from SONGS. Page I 33
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- 3. Ocean Water Monthly ocean water samples were collected from three indicator locations near each station discharge and from the control location at Newport Beach. The samples were analyzed for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related gamma-emitting radionuclides, including tritium.
Quarterly composite ocean water samples were analyzed for tritium according to ODCM requirements . Throughout 2017, only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in the monthly gamma spectral analyses of ocean water. Monthly ocean water samples were also analyzed for tritium, consistent with the State of California Department of Public Health (DPH) split sample program. During 2017 all REMP ocean water sample results for tritium were below the count specific MDC. The data indicate that the operation of SONGS had no measurable impact on the environment as measured by ocean water.
- 4. Drinking Water In 2017, monthly drinking water samples were collected from one indicator location and from the Oceanside control location. Samples were analyzed for tritium, gross beta, and naturally occurring and SONGS related gamma emitting rad ionuclides. There is no drinking water pathway for liquid effluent at SONGS.
No station related radionuclides were detected in drinking water during 2017. Gross beta activity was identified in some samples, but gamma spectroscopy identified only natural radionuclides . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by drinking water.
- 5. Shoreline Sediment (Beach Sand)
Beach sand was collected semiannually in 2017 from three indicator locations and from a control location situated in Newport Beach . After collection , the samples were analyzed for plant related and naturally occurring radionuclides . Only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in all samples. No plant related radionuclides were reported above the MDC. The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured in beach sand .
- 6. Ocean Bottom Sediments Ocean bottom sediments were collected from three indicator locations and the Laguna Beach control location . The samples were analyzed by gamma spectral analysis for naturally occurring and station related radionuclides . Only naturally occurring radionuclides were detected in ocean bottom sediment samples collected during 2017.
Four non-ODCM ocean bottom sediment samples were obtained from two locations, Unit 2 outfall conduit and Unit 3 outfall conduit. The conduit samples were collected to measure the radiological environmental effect potentially resulting from the minor conduit leakage. During 2017, all conduit sample analysis results were below the MDC for station related radionuclides . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by ocean bottom sediments. Page 134
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
- 7. Marine Species (Flesh)
Species of adult fish , crustacean and mollusks were collected on a semi-annual basis at the SONGS Unit 1 outfall , the SONGS Units 2/3 outfall and from Laguna Beach control location . The flesh portion of each sample type was analyzed for gamma-:emitting station-related and naturally occurring radionuclides . The results were subsequently reported to SONGS in terms of wet sample weights. Because results based on a wet sample weight are most useful for calculating doses, the results of sample analyses are summarized in terms of "as received" wet weights. No plant related radionuclides were detected above the MDC. Naturally-occurring radionuclides were detected in marine species samples collected during 2017. The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this sample medium.
- 8. Local Crops Fleshy and leafy crops were collected semiannually in 2017 from the SONGS garden and from the control location 21 miles SE from SONGS Units 2/3 midpoint. Tomato, cabbage, sorrel and yellow squash were sampled in 2017, and only naturally occurring radionuclides were identified.
No plant related radioactivity was detected . It is concluded that in 2017 SONGS had no measurable impact on local crops.
- 9. Soil To determine if there is evidence of a build-up of radionuclides in the land near SONGS, indicator soil samples were collected from Camp San Onofre, Old Route 101 , Basilone Road and the East Site Boundary (Former Visitor's center). A control sample was obtained from Prince of Peace Abbey in Oceanside. Surface soil was collected from all indicator and control locations at the depth of 3 inches. The sampling protocol is consistent with the procedure described in HASL-300. Soil sampling is not required by the ODCM.
Soil sa mples were analyzed for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related gamma-emitting radionuclides using gamma spectral analysis. The 2017 soil samples showed measurable levels of naturally occurring radionuclides . Cs-137 was detected in two indicator samples (0.042 and 0.193 pCi/g) and the control sample (0.046 pCi/g). Cs-137 in environmental soil samples at these levels is often attributable to residual nuclear weapons testing fallout or to the Fukushima accident. Cs-137 and strontium-90 (Sr-90) were detected in soil profile analyses conducted in previous years. These radionuclides are mostly due to the nuclear weapons testing fallout depositing on soil and retention of these radionuclides due to their long half-lives. The presence of Cs-137 in the indicator and the control locations in previous years supports the conclusion that the major source of this radionuclide is fallout deposition . During 2017, the operation of SONGS did not have a measurable effect on the environment as measured by soil samples. Page 135
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR 10.Kelp Kelp was collected in April and October of 2017 from the San Onofre kelp beds, San Mateo kelp bed , Barn kelp bed , and from the Salt Creek control location . Upon collection , the samples were analyzed by gamma-spectral analysis for naturally-occurring and station-related radionuclides . Naturally occurring radionuclides (such as K-40, Th-234 and others) were detected in all samples in 2017, from both indicator and control locations. lodine-131 was identified in all samples from April 2017, in both the indicator and control locations. 1-131 was not detected in any of the October 2017 samples, however. lodine-131 is a relatively short-lived radionuclide with an 8-day half-life. It is produced and released from operating nuclear power plants. SONGS is shutdown with the nuclear fuel stored in spent fuel pool so 1-131 is not being generated. That, along with the fact that the 1-131 was identified in either all samples (April) or no samples (October) indicates that these positive results are not from SONGS operations. 1-131 has been detected at indicator and control locations in previous years. 1-131 data in ocean water samples near SONGS have been consistently indistinguishable radiologically from background. The northern control locations are too far away and in the predominantly upstream current direction for the 1-131 activity to be attributable to SONGS. The Salt Creek control kelp sample station near the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall has consistently yielded the highest 1-131 activity measured in kelp and has consistently yielded 1-131 above radiological background. Figure 10 shows a relatively close correlation between indicator and control locations over an extended period, further supporting the assessment that the likely source for this radionuclide is external to SONGS. (Note: Figure 10 includes all 1-131 results, including those that are below the MDC.) 1-131 in Kelp 1.40E-01 l.20E-01 l.OOE-01 ail u
.:!:: 8.00E-02
.t::
*t
~ 6.00E-02 rtl 1
4.00£-02 2.00E-02 O.OOE+OO 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
- AVC 01 - San Onofre - AVC 02 - San Mateo -AVC 03 - Barn AVC OS (Control)
Figure 10 131 in Aquatic Kelp Refer to Figure 11 for the relative location of the kelp beds, the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall , and the SONGS outfalls. The data strongly support the conclusion that the 1-131 detected in kelp is attributable to medically administered 1-131 discharged through the San Juan Sewage Plant outfall and not to the operation of SONGS. Page I 36
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR SONGS 2014 Kelp Samples 0
~r unita 2/3 Midpoint s,,n J..-n Ovlfol - - o.iru-Figure 11 - Kelp Sampling Locations
- 11. Correlation of Effluent Concentration to Concentrations in the Environment In accordance with 10 CFR 50 Appendix I, Section IV, B.2, data on measurable levels of radiation and radioactive materials in the environment have been evaluated to determine the relationship between quantities of radioactive material released in effluents and resultant radiation doses to individuals from principal pathways of exposure.
REMP samples, both terrestrial and marine, indicated no accumulation of plant-related radioactivity in the environs. No samples exceeded investigation levels and, in fact, all samples with detectable activity were not statistically different from controls and were therefore attributed to non-plant-related sources-past nuclear weapons fallout, Chernobyl , Fukushima, and medical iodine releases in sewage . As such, the operations of SONGS did not have any measurable effect on the environment. The regulatory requirement to evaluate the relationship between quantities of radioactive materials released in effluents and the resultant radiation doses to individuals may be summarized by the following conclusion : Page 137
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Effluent program releases are evaluated annually to determine the receptor(s) with the highest hypothetical dose. The 2017 REMP sample data indicated no accumulation of plant-related radioactive materials in the offsite environment, thereby lending confirmation to the adequacy of the in-plant effluent controls program and dose assessments. Page I 38
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR B. Statistical Summary of REMP Data For 2017 Table 16 - 2017 Quarterly Gamma Dose
~- - - -* -- - -~- _. *-*--- - . - - - * ',: t _7'.,. -,- ,. ,,,. -,s - * ,, "(
. *r. '1
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~
** " ~~,*"=!/,_".'-~'-"~:/"' *.,,q,*..... ~ ... * \~~~-
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TLD Southeast Site 16.7 (151/151 ) 20.8 (4/4) 17.0 (44/44) Dose per 91 days Gamma 195 5 Boundary (Office Bldg) 0 (9.7 - 21.5) (19.9 - 21.5) (13.1 - 20.7) (mrem/qtr) 0.1 Mi. ESE NOTES a Indicator location TLDs include all REMP TLDs 5.0 miles or closer to SONGS 2/3 midpoint b Control location TLDs include all REMP TLDs more than 5.0 miles from SONGS 2/3 midpoint c TLD data excludes QC TLDs , transit dose TLDs , and ISFSI TLDs Table 17 - Weekly Airborne Particulates Gross Beta
--- - - ' . . ......,. . *. -',,,..,,.,,,,,...~,-,~""'""'""".,;.,g,,;,,~-
-. -_ -_ ~ -_: ----:_: ~ ~=-;-~~ :=\*:.;.~;~~- ~-:.;~:~~;:_ -.:r:-;:*-r?_i::t** ~-.;>~:;: :~!1
- -- - . - - -~ *_ __,__!._ ~~*-*"--:X~~~~~ ;, :~~ ~ -- -- - ~ * * ..:.~ _:_* ~" -~*- _-*-~:-*\;,~.:::~:~"t't Air Filter 0.025 (363/363) 0.029 (52/52) 0.026 (52/52)
Inhalation Gross Beta 415 0.01 Mesa EOF 0.7 Mi. NNW 0 3 (0.009 - 0.096) (0.013 - 0.096) (0.008 - 0.091 ) (pCi/m ) Page 139
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 18 - Weekly Radioiodine 1-131 Activity
.... ,,~,*y-*-*, '" ,, *>'. ' ......,*. ~-,.. ,~.,cy,-,-.~***ff-~
-,. ' " r ... _ ,;:-.* -- ... _....~ - ; ... ".,. .... ~~ ;**1';;*
-- --~-* . , *-.---...... -~-*-.;._ .-~-----*-*----------~----"~-
-- .. .. . . - . '~ ""
~
. ' " * \'. .*; * :_ * ,* .::.: * -~- ',. J>i ;; , ~~~,1*jfi:C;':,~,(:~:ri~~.1 Activated Charcoal 1-131 415 0.07 < LLD c (0/363) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/52) 0 Inhalation 3
(pCi/m ) NOTES a This table summarizes the weekly air iodine-131 cartridge data above the MDC. lodine-131 has an 8-day half-life. With reactor shutdown , it is no longer a radionuclide attributable to SONGS b LLD is the a priori limit as prescribed by the ODCM. c The Term <LLD as used means that results had no detectable activity above the minimum detectable. Table 19 - Quarterly Composite Airborne Particulate Gamma Activity
... . . ... ..* ~.:-**-~-' " ***-.----**-'
.:.;f*; :.* :. .**/};;*it+/-i~lf~
> ' J I*---
Air Filter Gamma See Inhalation 32 < LLD (0/28) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/4) 0 3 Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/m ) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40, Th-234 and others) were observed in quarterly composite air samples in 2017. Page 140
APPENDIX 8 2017 AREOR Table 20 - Monthly Ocean Water Activity
< LLD (0/50) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L)
NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Table 21 - Quarterly Ocean Water Tritium Tritium < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/4) 0 (pCi/L) Table 22 - Monthly Drinking Water Activity
' '( ,t,:, * -
~
* ""¥
*-*'""'*"--~-
_ '- ~ '.-<, W,,es'~;,.~~f~}
; '.L',' ',:... st
-;i!;~-
t"1~t,1;*""!"i,,._** ' ~ ~ Drinking Water Gamma See 24 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L) Isotopic Table 1 Drinking Water Oceanside City Hall 3.71 (6/12) 3.71 (6/12) Gross Beta 24 4 < LLD (2/12) 0 (pCi/L) 15.6 Miles SEb 2.37-5.64 2.37 -5.64 Drinking Water H-3 24 2000 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/12) 0 (pCi/L) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-214, Th-228 , Th-232 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. b The location with the highest annual mean for drinking water gross beta is a control location. Page 141
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR
~
Table 23 - Semi-annual Shoreline Sed iment Gamma Activity (pC i/g)
-------~------- ,._ ---
. "' , . ,.,,. " "'*~-~,*:a
. ~ - .
-- --* .. -~ "... " :-: . . :'.\:_;;/gl Beach Sand Gamma See Direct Exposure 8 < LLD (0/6) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g)
NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-2 14, Ra-226 and others) were observed in samples in 2017.
'** ., ,._ -r":_*:*":-_:-~:.?;*,t?~!'~~r:+:a Table 24 - Semi-annual Ocean Bottom Sediment Gamma Activity (pCi/g)
,*f.'
~
- - -"S~ - - - - - - -.-
Waterborne Ocean Bottom Gamma See 14 < LLD (0/12) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Sediment Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g) NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (Pb-212 , Pb-2 14, Ra-226 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Page 142
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 25 - Semi-annual Marine Animal Gamma Activity (pCi/g) California Mussell Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/4) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Keyhole Limpet Gamma See 2 N/A < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Spiny Lobster Gamma See 6 < LLD (0/4) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Sheephead Gamma See 5 < LLD (0/3) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Kelp Bass Gamma See 3 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Black Perch Gamma See 1 < LLD (0/1) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 NOTES a Natural occu rring rad ionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Table 26 - Semi-annual Local Crops Gamma Activity (pCi/g)
,. ' ,.,.,. r,~ .... ~- "; t;-'"f<'<<"-:"':- '--'< --,~, r ~* ..... ~ :.~:-.~~'?;-~ ;.t:,~*:~--. ~,~r~ ~~~ ,,
.;_~j""'~.,~
- A" ~J..... ~<<
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**.~\tr***:"'..
' . " . '** ~ .... ~' ' r .,.
Sorrell Ingestion Gamma See 2 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD N/A 0 (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Tomato Ingestion Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/2) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Cabbage Gamma See 2 N/A < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 Yellow Squash Gamma See 2 < LLD (0/1) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Ingestion (pCi/g) Isotopic Table 1 NOTES a Natural occurring radionuclides (K-40 and others) were observed in samples in 2017. Page 143
APPENDIX B 2017 AREOR Table 27 -Annual Soil Gamma Activity, 3" Depth (pCi/g) Gamma See 4 < LLD (0/3) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/1) 0 Soil Direct Isotopic Table 1 Radiation (pCi/g) 0.117 (2/3) Old Route 101 3.0 Mi. 0.193 0.046(1/1) Cs-137 4 0.18 0 (0.042-0.19) ESE (0.193 - 0.193) (0.046 - 0.046) NOTES a During 2017 naturally occurring K-40 and other radionuclides were detected above the MDC in most samples. Table 28 -Semi-Annual Kelp Gamma Activity (pCi/g) Gamma See 8 < LLD (0/6) < LLD < LLD < LLD (0/2) 0 Kelp Ingestion Isotopic Table 1 (pCi/g) 0.113 (3/6) San Onofre Kelp Bed 0.133 0.008 (1/2) 1-131 8 0.06 0 (0.008 - 0.113) 1.5 Mi. S (0 .133 - 0.133) (0.008 - 0.008) NOTES a 1-131 was confirmed above the MDC in 4 of 8 kelp samples. 1-131 is known to be a constituent of sewage plant discharges due to medically administered 1-131 . b During 2017 naturally occurring K-40 and other radionuclid es were detected above the MDC in most samples Page I 44
2017 AREOR APPENDIX C.
SUMMARY
OF QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAMS Page I 45
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR A. Summary All REMP samples are collected, shipped , and analyzed in accordance with NRC Regulatory Guide 4.15. Marine radiological environmental samples are collected by a vendor, MBC Environmental , per the vendors Quality Assurance manual. REMP sample analysis is performed by the Contracted Environmental Analysis Laboratory (CEAL) in accordance with the Laboratory Quality Assurance Plan . During 2017 the CEAL was General Engineering Laboratory (GEL). The CEAL for REMP TLDs was Stanford Dosimetry. B. Quarterly Duplicate TLDs SONGS deployed a duplicate TLD package in the same location and canister as TLD 66. The quarterly dose measured by these separate TLD packages is statistically equivalent. Table 29 - 2017 Quarterly Duplicate TLD Data Comparison TLD 66 13.28 +/- 0.83 13.79 +/- 0.72 13.46 +/- 1.01 14.11 +/- 0.87 TLD 200 13.02 +/- 0.91 13.61 +/- 1.00 13.18 +/- 0.81 14.27 +/- 0.49 NOTES :
- a. Data is reported as mR per standard quarter+/- 1 sigma C. Annual Duplicate TLDs SONGS deployed a 12-month duplicate TLD package in the same location and canister as TLD
- 67. The annual sum of the quarterly TLD 67 exposure data is not significantly different from the annual TLD 201 results for the 12 months from July 2016 through June 2017.
Table 30 - 2017 Duplicate TLD Data D. Calibration of Air Sampler Volume Meters Air sam plers undergo annual calibration using standards referenced to NIST on all REMP air sampler gas meters. When the gas meters are removed from service, the meter is calibrated and the calibration reports are reviewed for bias. This is an a posteriori review of the gas meter performance to evaluate method bias and to identify possible outlier analysis results. For 2017, the calibration reports for five of the air samplers used in the REMP were reviewed. The as found condition of these samplers were that some (2/5) were negatively biased , up to 28% low (at a flow rate of 1.5 scfm). Others (3/5) were positively biased, up to 22% high. A review of the air particulate beta results over the course of the year did not indicate a particular bias for any particular sampler. The trends in the beta results over the course of the year were consistent regardless of which sampler (location) was being monitored . Page I 46
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR E. lnterlaboratory Cross-Check Program: The CEAL participates in a number of independent cross check programs, including the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Analytics cross-check programs . A summary of the cross-check data is included below. In the 151 quarter of 2017, the gross alpha analysis for water samples did not meet the applicable performance evaluation. This condition was identified and documented by GEL, via CARR170227-1085. The sample was re-analyzed with an acceptable result. In the 3rd quarter of 2017, the 1-131 analysis for water was not acceptable. GEL CARR170828-1125 documented the issue, and the lab determined that the observed positive bias was an isolated occurrence and the laboratory's overall process is in control. Per the 2017 Annual Environmental Quality Assurance (QA) Report, GEL was provided ninety-two (92) individual environmental analyses. The accuracy of each result reported to Eckert & Ziegler Analytics, Inc. is measured by the ratio of GEL's result to the known value . All results fell within GEL's acceptance criteria (100%) In 2017, the environmental TLDs, routine quality control (QC) testing was performed for dosimeters issued by the Environmental Dosimetry Company (EDC). During 2017, 100% (72/72) of individual dosimeters evaluated against the EDC internal performance acceptance criteria (high-energy photons only) met the criterion for accuracy and 100% (72/72) met the criterion for precision. The CEAL's performance meets the criteria described in Reg. Guide 4.15 and ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014. Page 147
APPENDIX C 20 17 AREOR F. Analytical Laboratory Cross Check Program Summary tiJ#tl Laboratories u. a 11be1 h Gtl Cir.1111> oel com TABLE 2 GEL QUARTERLY lNTE RLABORATORY COMPARISO January through March 2017 Page6 of 9 Page I 48
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ma* laboratorlesu , hautLG r:1p 1. 011 com PT Pro1IICII Cilullter I Ya* Raport Cta.11119 I RKalwd 0..
...... .... lnta AllaMa Raporltld v.- AaalJIMCI ValH Al:c:apbnce Utnlta P8rfonUlla Evalllabon EZA 4111120 t 6 02/2:111 7 E1 1674 Car1r111ge !>Cl IOclne-13 1 9.60Et01 9 .67 E+o t D.99 Acceatable EZA 4fll/20 t 6 02/2:111 7 E1 1675 MIik DCIIL slrorrtJum.119 7 ..86Et01 7.4.2 E+o1 1 .06 Accenl;,hle, EZA 4111121116 IJl2!'2 1n 1 E 1 1675 MIik pCL!l. stromlum-90 7 .51lEtOD 1.00E+o1 0 .75 Acceotallle EZA 4111/2016 02/2: 1117 E1 1676 MIik DCI/L IOdlne-131 1.0BEf02 9 .1'4E+o1 1 .11 A.-n!:atlle EZA 41111211 t 6 02/2: 1117 E1 1676 MIil pCI/L CE!llt.m-14 1 1.55EfOG! 1 A3 E+02 1.09 Acceptable EZA 4111121116 IJl2!'2 1n 1 E1 1676 MIik DCI/L am:im.llJm-51 3 .29Ef412 2.BO E+D2 1 .18 A.-nl;,t,le EZA 4111121116 02/2: 1n7 E 1 1676 MIil pCI/L cetilll11-1J4 t .67Ef02 1.78E+o2 O.!M Aeceptable EZA dfh.'2016 02J2 1/1 7 E 1 1676 MIil DCIIL cetil1111-1J7 UJEf(]2 1.2.6E+02 1 .13 -le EZA 4th/21l16 02/2: 1/1 7 E 1 1676 MIik pC VL Ccbalt-56 1.54Ef(]2 1 A6 E+02 1.05 /1.ccepbble EZA 4thl2D16 02/2: 1/1 7 E1 1676 MIil DCIIL MannanE!iSe,54 1.46EH12 1 .29E+02 1 .13 -le EZA 4th/21lt 6 02/2 1/1 7 E1 1676 MIik pCI/L lron-69 1.4SEf02 1 .2:S E+02 1.16 Acceptat,le EZA 41n/20t 6 02)2,1/1 7 E1 1676 MIik pCUL ,llne-65 2.6BEf02 2.44E+D2 1 .10 Accealattle EZA 411112016 02/2:1/1 7 E t 1676 MIik l)CIIL Ccball-60 t .87Efll2 1 .78E+02 1.05 Accer:ilable EZA 4flll2016 0212 1/1 7 E 11677 Water pCI/L IIOdllne-13 1 1.06Efll2 9 .18E+o1 1.15 AfleeO!at>le EZA 4flll2D16 0212 111 7 E 1 1677 water IICVL Certt.m-14 1 1'.47Ef02 1 ,J.8E+02 1.06 AcceDiable EZA 4int21l t 6 02121/1 7 E 1 1677 'W.Jter DCIIL Clllllmlt.m-51 3.0JEf02 2 .7 1E+02. 1.12 Acceol""4e EZA 411112016 02121117 E t 1677 Water pCI/L cetil!El-134 1.59EIC2 1.7JE+02 0 .92 Acceotlt!le EZA 411112D t 6 0212 1117 E1 1677 Water DCIIL cetilian-137 11.Jl!EM)q 1.22E+D2 1 .13 Aoci>otable EZA 411112016 02/2111 7 E1 1677 Water pCI/L Ccbalt* S3 1.49Effl2 1 A2 E+02 1.05 Aooeoiatl4 e EZA 4111.'2016 Ql2J2 111 7 E1 1677 Water l!CIIL Man;..... - 1.35Ef02 1 .25E+02 1 .D8 Aooeoiable EZA 4MD16 02J2 111 7 E 11677 Water pCI/L lron-69 t.35Ef00 1 .21E+D2 1.12 Aooeo1""4 e EZA 411112016 IJ!l/2 111 7 E 1 1677 W<1ter pCI/L Zlne-65 2.61E ffl2 2.36E+02 1 .10 Acceoiable EZA 4lnl2D t 6 D2J2 1n 1 E1 1677 Water pCI/L Cllllillt-60 f .76E*412 1.72E+D2 1.02 Acceotlble ERA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 water pCI/L Bar111111-13l 86.7 85.6 72.D-94..2 Acceotlble E RA f 61 / 20t7 2177/2017 RA0-108 wate r DCIIL cetilll11*134 51.2 52.6 42.4-57.9 Aa:Po1;,,t,1e E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-1oa W.iter pCI/L cetilll11*1J7 118 1 12 10 1 - 126 >.ooepbl,le E RA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 IN,ater DCIIL OOtlall-al 118 1 13 102- 126 ...,,,,.._e E RA 161 / 2Dt7 2127/2017 RA0-108 water pCI/L lr!C-65 2D:2 189 170-222 """"'11:>llle E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0-108 Water DCIIL Gro65 AIDIE 71.6 52.3 27.3 - 65.S Moot E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>.108 W.iter pCI/L Gro65A!plli3 69.6 52.3 27.J-65.S Moot E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 water DCIIL Gro65Beta 37.6 4 1.6 27.7-49.D ~e E RA 1111 / 2017 2127/2017 RAD-108 Water pCI/L Radllllll-226 12.3 1.2.7 9.48 - 14. 7 Acceotable ERA 151120 t7 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 water DCUL Radlum.,226 13.1 12. 7 9.48 - 14. 7 ~ e E RA 1lil / 20H 2127/2017 RAD- 108 Water pCI/L Radllllll-22.6 14.2 12.7 9.46- 14.7 """"'11:>Ne E RA 151 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0- 108 Water llCIIL Radlum-22.8 6.31 6.2 J .83-8.DII .."""""able E RA 161 / 2017 2127/2017 RA0- 108 Water DCIIL R;ldllllll-228 6.36 6.2 3 .83-8.DB Acceol""4 e E RA t &t / 2017 2127/2017 RAf>. 108 Water llCI/L Uran\Jmf~\ 12.2 12.6 9 .9 1 - 14,4 "'"""""""'e E RA E RA 161 / 2017 1lil / 2Dt7 2127/2017 2127f2017 RA0- 108 RA0-108 Waler W<lter U<IIL UQ/L
~ *~-
~ 1N111-19.7 18.9 18.4 18A 14.5-21.1 14.5-21.1 Alloeobl>le Acce..htve Page 7 of 9 Page I 49
APPE NDIX C 2017 AREOR tilll Labo atories LL rl '11 nb r O' The Gl:L t.rJIIP *
- ,- ,~ oe1.c001 -
PT Pravldl ERA Gllatert Ya* 115l / 20f 7 Raport CIOllltll 1 ll-'Wd Dolt 2127!2017 ~ 108 Water Ul1lta llCLIL AnaMa
'Tritium RaporleCI YUM 1130D ANWWCI Value 1:2500 A.ccap1anca Llmlhl tD90D - 13800 Parfol.-
E.ltalUallon Acceotible ERA 115l / 2017 '2mlm 17 ~ 108 Water llCI/L Trt!Jum 1160D 12500 1090D - 13800 &"""'*""'e ERA 15l / 2Qf1 2127!20 17 HAl>-108 Water !>Cl.IL slron!JurTH19 60..2 55.5 44.3-63.2 ~e ERA 151 1 2017 2.l'l7/2D17 RA0-108 Wat.er llCLIL strvnllum"89 54.S. 55.5 44.3-63.2 Accenl:mle ERA 16l J 2017 2.!27/2017 ~ 108 Water !>CUL stronlkJm-go 35..9 43.1 31.8-49. 5 ~e ERA 151 / 2017 2177/2'017 ~108 Water l>CLIL Slrontlurn-90 -:n.7 43.1 31.B-49.5 Accent.lile Page8 of 9 Page I 50
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR lCU1! laboralorieS1Lc a rib r o* The Gtl Clr:iup *1. oet.com TABLE2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON April through June 20>17 Page 6of 12 Page I 51
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR
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EZA 1&t'2017 07/07117 E11820' MIil OCIIL CMll..lm-134 1.71Ef02 U9Ef.02 0 .9 Aooeotallfe EZ/1 t W2017 07/07/1 7 E11820 MIil BCl/l CSlm-137 231E4l!Q 2..27Etll2 1..112 -e EZA 1&t'2017 07/07117 E11820 MIil l>CIIL Cei>alt.S8 t.8!1Ef-02 1..78Ef.!l2 1.06 -e EZA t&t'2017 07/07117 E 11820 MIil l>Cl/l. Manaa-54 274Et02 2A9Et-D2 1.1 AcceplatJle EZ/1 1W2ll17 07/07117 E 11820 MIil r>Cl/l l'00-59 1.35ct02 1.27Et!l2 1.06 Acceotlble EZ/1 t &t'2017 07/07117 E 11820 MIik pCl/1. Zin~ 3.22Et02 2..96Et!l2 1.09 AttoPnt"'1lle EZ/1 tW2ll17 07/07117 E11820 MIil OCl/1. COiia~ 2.85ct02 2.93Etll2 11.97 Acceotlble EZA f6112ll17 07/07117 E11821 Water l>Cl/l lodlne-131 9.6EEMl1 li.79.E.01 1.1 -e EZA 161.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 Water pCI/L CerlUm-141 1.24Ef02 1..19E+ll2 1..0:S AcceplatJle EZA tW2ll17 07/07117 E 11821 v,ater llCl}l. CITilmlUm.S 1 2'. 43Et02 2.11Etll2 1.t5 ~e EZA t6112ll17 07/07117 E1182t Wa!Er DClll Ceia.Jm-134 1.84Ef02 1..86Ef.!l2 D..98 -e EZA 161120 17 07/07117 E1182 1 Water pCI/L Ce61Jm-137 2.(!IEt-112 2..2f>E+D2 1.1 Acceotlble EZA f&t!2017 07/07/1 7 E 11821 wate_r oCIIL Cobalt.SS f.8EEt02 1.77Etll2 1..06 AccetJtable EZA t&l.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 v,ater pCI/L Mang.inoe&e-54 2.7!1Et02 2..45E+D2 1.13 Accl!Dlallf e ED. 16112D17 07/07/17 E1182 t Water i>CIIL l'00-59 UEEt02 1.27E+ll2 1 .15 Aa:ent3ble EZA t5/J2017 07/07117 E11821 Water i>Cl,'l Zin~ .l.36Ef-02 2.95E+IX1 1.. 14 Aaler!table EZA t&l.'2017 07/07117 E 11821 Water oCl/1 CObalHiO 3.07Ef-02 2.92E+02 1.05 Am<>lllable MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 M3S36 SOI B~ Amerleltn-241 65..7 67J) 46.9-fil'. 1 Aaleotlble MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 211dl'2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B!IIICn CPs!l*m-134 1470 15:50 11)65-2015 ~e IMPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 8!111C<1 Ce41m-137 679 6 11 428-794 AalPnt.bie MAPEP.. 17* F.al6e Po6 MAPEP 2n.<1/2017 06/13117 Mas36 SOI BIIIK<1 Col>.ilt--57 11.812 Te6t Nllll>Olable MAPEP. 17-MAPEP :211<1/2017 06/1311 7 Mas36 Sl:ID Bfl'.KG Cei>alt-60 958 Ht 624*1 158 Accerrta1>1e MAPEP- 17* MAPEP :2r1<1Q0 17 06/13117 Mas36 son B""'" ron.ss 804 812 568-1056 A-e MAPEP. 17-MAf>EP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 8(111(11 ManQ:ane~ 1000 967 6n-1257 AcceDtlble MAPEP. 17- F.al6e Po6 MAPEP 2ndl'2017 06/13117 Mas36 SOI Bfl'Kll NlcleHi3 -.46 Te6! Acceptallle MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 2n<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI Bfl'l(q PlulonlUm-238 D.,574 0.41 Sen!;. E\laL M>lll'Dlaillle MAPEP. 17* MAPEP 211<1/20 17 06/13117 M3S36 SOI B...,..,. P1ulonlllrn-2J912.W 51-2 59.8 41.'~n.7 -e MAPEP MAPEP 211dl20 17 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B~ Potali6ltsn-40 624 f,(11 42~78-9 AnlPnlaillle MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 2ndl2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI 6(111(<1 Slronlllm-'10 548 624 43H!t 1 Aaler!table MAPEP- 17* MAPEP 211<1/2017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI B!IIICn Tecmelltn-99 64 1 656 4:59-853 Aaleotlble MAPEP MAPEP 2nc1fl017 06/13117 MaS36 SOI Bfl'Ka U-2341233 56_9 48.1 J3.Hi2.5 -allle Page 7of 12 G L Page I 52
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ii r,t) r O hll Gf.L GrJup I PT MAP6? au.w, y-2'1<1!2017 IIIINNt bcll¥NI 0611J.117 MAPEP..17-Mi1S36 SOI Ulllt Bla'KQ AalMl / lllldlll tJr.lnlin.-ZJ8 Ga 53_9 oet com
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ADC:eaiable MAPEP..17- 'Fal5e P'o6 MAP6P 2ndl2017 06ltJ117 MilS36 SOI B""'" Zinc~ -4.0 Te&! .........,tallle MAPEP MAPEP MAPE? 2ndtl(l'17 2ndl201'1 2ndl2017 D6l1Jl17 IJ6/t Jl17 D6l 1Jl17 MAPEP.17-Maw36 MAPEP..17-Maw36 MAPEP..17-Maw.li6 Water Water water BQ,1.. Amerltltn-141 Cemm-134 Ce&\Jm-137 0.800'0 0..037 122 0..846 11 .1 0.592-t. 1 F.al6e P'o6 Ter.t 7.8-14.4 AcceotltJle Acoeotlllte Aaleaiable MAPEP..17- 29..0 28.5 MAP6P' :111dt2017 D6l fJl17 Ma"'1J6 Water Ftnl'I Cot>alt-57 20:G-37.1 ~e MAPEP.17- 12.8 12,l 13..6-16.0 MAPEP* 2ndl2017 D6l1Jl17 Ma'NJ6 warer cttia~o ADC:enbllle MAPEP..17- 245 249 MAPEP :111dl2017 D611Jl17 Ma'l'IIJo water Boll 11¥Cll'.1Xlen...J 174~4 Acoeolatlle MAPEP..17- 2.111 1.7 Senli. &al.. MAPEP :111dl2017 D611Jl17 MaVi/36 Water Boil. lmn-55 Aa:eotible MAPEP..17- 15.7 14.9 10.4- 19,4 MAPEP :111d/2017 06/1Jl17 Ma'IVJ6 Water Ftnl'I Manoanelil!-54 ADC:eot.>Ne MAPEP..17- 13.6 122. 8.£-15.9 MA.PEP* :111d12'1117 IJ6/tll17 M.t.'1136 Water Boll NlekfHiJ Aaleaiallle MAPEP 11..635 D.70J D.492--0.9 14 MAPEP 2ndl2017 IJ6/f3117 Ma','IIJo Water BQ,1.. Pll.llonlUm-236 ADC:eDiallle MAPEP..17- D.841 Q.!J34 D.654-1.2 14 MAPEP 2ndl2017 IJ6/1Jl17 Maw36 Water Ptuton1Um-Z3!!12.40 ADl:eDlabll! MAPEP..17- 276 254 17B-3JQ MAPEP :111d/2017 06/1Jl17 MawJo water Pofa&<n-40 ~e IMPE P..17- D.443 0..504 D.353-0.655 MAPEP :111dl2017 06/13117 Ma'iVJ6 warer Boll Radlllm-226 ~e MAPEP..17- 9.27 10.1 7. MJ. 1 MAPEP* 2nd!l017 06/tJ/17 Ma'tllJ6 Water Boll Slran!aim-90 Aaleotlbie MAPEP 5.111 6.~ MAPEP* 2nd!l017 06/13117 Ma','IIJo Water Bai\. Tedlnetll.llll-9!> 4.3B-8.13 ADl:e1Jtll>le MAPEP 1.11 1. 16 0.81-1 .5 1 MAPE ? 2ndl2017 06/tJ/17 MawJ6 Water Rlll1 lkalllum-234.1233 AttoPn1:m1e MAPEP..17- 1.16 1.20 OJ!4- 1.56 MAPEP* :111dl2017 06/13117 Maw:36 Water Elnll tJr.lnltn-238 Aml'Di.mie MAPEP --0.0SD$ Fallie Poli MAP6P :111d!l017 06/1Jl17 MaWJ6 Wall!r BQ/1.. Z)nc,65 T E!!it """"'table MAPEP..17- Fal&e Poli 06/tJl17 x:a:WJ6 Wall!r TE!it Aa:ent>ble MAPEiP 2ndl2017 Boll_ lodlne-129 O.Cl1 MAPEP D.05! 11..0623 D.0436-MAP6P :111dtl017 06/1Jl17 RIIFJ6 un1,;;amn1e tkanltn-235 D.Cl8 10 At>rlPrlbhle MAPEP..17- 8.49 6.6 6.0-1 1.2 MAPEP 2ndtl017 D6/1Jl17 RIIFJ6 Flll!f tJl1/l;;lfflCle lkanll.lll-238 Aml><>lable MAPEP..17- 8.55 3.7 6. 1-1 1.3 MAPEP :111llll017 06/1Jl17 R!lFJ6 Faer ~le Ur.¥11Um-To&al ~ble MAPEP..17- 0.0386 D.0376 0 .0263-MAPEP 2ml/2017 06/tJ/17 RIIFJ6 Flier Bol5amlll,;, AmentflEl,, 241 0:0489 ~Ille MAPEP-17* 1.38 1.42 MA.PEP 2nd/2017 D6/t3117 RIIFJ6 I_,,, Rn!Dmnle C1!61Jm-1J4 0.99-1.115 """"'tlbll! MAPEP D.781 0 .685 D.48(1-{l. 891 MAPEP :111dtl017 06/13117 RIIFJ6 mer Rnl=mnle Cewm-137 ~"'11e MAPEP..17- 1.n 1.70 1.19-2.21 MAPEiP :111d!l017 06/13117 RIIFJ6 mer Rnl=mnle Coooll-57 ~e MAPEP..17- D..86J 0.78 0..55- 1.0 1 MAPEP 2ndtl017 D6l 1Jl17 RIIFJ6 Rief Bnh.lmnle Cooo!HiD ....,,,.._e Page 8 of 12 GEL ~ r*lrkiel UG pg ,m,r t>*i*** ,;,;2911, !!)el~- :o.i.. 1-e-1 ~...,"',1111 ~.-,,.,..;111-1 . .......,.., Page I 53
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR feJ=il Lab ratories t t
- a nt:>*1 a he GEL CJrJup JC PT PIOllldlr cau.llrl y-Repart 0-.
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Ranlllt Fal6e P'o&, E......._ MAPEP 2neli2017 06113117 RIIFJ6 Fl!er Ba1&1mae .._,,.,,,,_,.,,e-S4 Tl!E.t Aoo!><ltlble MAPE'P 2ndl2017 06/t311 7 MAPEP.17-RIIFJ6 MAPEP.17-
...- '"""'" ~""e PllliDnlllm-238 0.0539 0.04 1!1 ll.0598 O.D46 D.O,U9-0 .01n D.032'2-AoceDlallle MAPEP 211d/2017 06/1311 7 R l2FJ6 Flier BQl&arnClle Plcrlon1Um-2'3g.1240 O.Ds.98 Aoceplallle MN'EP 11543 D.6151 0 .456-D.646 MAPEP 2nd!l0 17 06/13117 RIIFJ6 Fae!' BQhiamDle S!lrooll.lm-90 ~;oNe MAPEP.17- D.lD5 D..104 D.D73-0.1J5 MAPEP 211d!l017 1'.11Kt3117 RIIFJ6 FIiter BQ/6amc,l.e Ul'alllt.m-2J4123l ~ e MAPEP.17- D..tD6 D.107 D:D75-0.1J9 MAPEP 211dl2017 06/1311 7 Rl2FJ6 Flier ...,,._=""e ~ llnl-2311 A,,r,onl""'e MAPEP.17- 1.l4 1.29 0..9-1.68 MAPEP* 2nd/2017 DIK13117 R l2FJ6 Filer Anh<:>m llle Zl1'1Mi5 Aocemallle MAPEP.17- D.OOD41 t Fali'ie P'o5 MAPEP 211dl2017 06113117 RIIIIJ6 \k>oPbll!Jll RoJgm ole Amertclum-241 Tl!li<t Aoceptlble MAPEP.17- 6.56 6..95 4.87-9.GI MAPEP 2nd!l017 06113117 RIIIIJ6 Vf'OPL11fm El!Jh.am ol" CeaJm-134 Aeceplable MAPEP.17* 4.B4 4.60 3.22-5.918 MAPEP 2neli2017 06113117 RIIV'.lo """"tal!Oll An1t::1mllfe CeaJm-137 Aocenbhle MAPEP.17- 0 .0141 Fa151! P'o5 MAPEP* 211d/2017 06/ t 311 7 Rllv.l6 v,,,,.,bUoo Rn1<;;>mr1e Cc!>alt'57 Tl:Sl Accectlllle MAPEP.17- 9 .33 8 .75 MAPEP 211dl2017 06/ t JJ1 7 RIIIIJ6 IIPnPtiHm Bo}&amClle Cd>alt-60 6 .13-1 1.36 Aoceotlble MAPEP.17- 3.39 3.23 MAPEP 2ndfl017 D6lt3l17 RII\IJo VeQelall!lll Bolliamole ...,,""""'e&e-54 2.J.-416 Aoceotllllee MI\P,EP.17- 0 .0506 IJUJ::198 D.0419-MAPEP 211d!l017 06/U/1 7 RIIVJ6 V"""""on ...,,.,, ~""e Plulonlllm-2311 omn ~e PMPEP.17* Oc07S4 D.1189 Oc~2-0.166 MAPEP 211di2!!117 06/13117 RIIVJ6 \H><l<>btlon An*1£.>mn1e Plll!Dr11Um-23g.1240 Acceotabie MAPEP.17- 1.50 1.75 MAPEP 2ndfl017 06/13117 RIIVJ6 VPoPt.Hm Bohamole SlrCl1 Dl.ffl-9D 1.23-2.24 -.,tlble M/IPEP.17- 0 .19 0 .179 D.125-0.2JJ MAPE P 2ndfl017 D6ltYl7 RII\IJo VeoelaUDrl Bolrwlmllle l.lranlt.m-234J233 ~e MAPEP.17- 1.900 D.186 0 .130-0242 MAPEiP 2nd/2017 06/13117 RIIVJ6 '"""'lalloo ..,.,.,="'e 11ran111111.-2J8 """"'1f""'e MAPEP 6.26 5 _39 3.17-7.01 MAPEP 2nd!l017 06/13117 R CIVJ6 V"'1Pl;d1m Bofliamcl.e ZI~ Acceotallle Acceciable ERA ERA 2ncl/20 17 2nd/2017 DS/2Jl17 DS/23117 MRAD-26 MRA0-26 SOI SOI
""'"" Actlnli.m-228 AmBlclum-241 1240 4l!lll 12 411 443 795 - 1720 262-582 AmeEltlbl e ERA 2ncl/2017 DS/23117 M~ Sol DCl/lQ B?srnl.llll-212 !329 12 4D 3JD- 1~20 Aoceptil>le ERA 2oo/2017 DS/2Jl17 MRA0-26 SOI nr.l,..n B1:5nVJlll-214 2790 275D 1660-396D AoceDlable 5790-ERA 2ncl/2017 05il23/17 MRA0-26 SOI
,,..,,,.,, Cewm-134 866(), 886D 10600 Aoce- 1!
ERA ERA ERA ERA 2!Vl/2017 2nd/l:017 2 ncl/2017 2nd/l:017 OS/2Jl17 DS/23117 OS/2Jl17 DSl2J/17 M~ M RA0-26 M RAD-'lb MRA0-26 SOI Sol SOI SOI
"""ll" nN/l'n DCl/ln CE!Qlm-137 C~IH'iO L.ead -2 12 Leai:1-214.
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,4620 1JOO lt70 7SOD 4430 12411 2&90 5750- 965D 3000- 6 10 0 812 - 1730 1690-4310 Acce""""' e
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~ e ERA 2ncl/2017 DS/23117 MRAD-2ti SOI nr.111'.n Marvrafll!-5'1. cJ8.6 <<1000 0 .00 - 100 0 Aoceptlbl e ERA 2ndtl017 0 512J/17 M RAD-'lb SOI nr.flm PIU1llr11Um-236 4"N 6411 390-894 Aa:eDlalll e
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ERA 2!¥1/2017 OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 Sol DCl/lo P lutonlUm-239 442 484 316 - 669 Aa:eDlallle 774D - ERA 2111112.017 OSl2J/17 M RAD-26 SOI ..rtn.n Potl66hEl4D 1 1000 10600 14200 J49D-ERA 2ncll2017 0 5123/17 MRAD-26 SOI
=- Slrmmim-9D 6 150 9 15D t4SOO Aoceolabl e Gl!!lliltor Page 9 of 12
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Page I 54
APPENDIX C 20 17 AREOR Meil laboratoriesuc a rnti r o Jh uE.L ti nup aer com PT a..tw,
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RalD E...._ ER.it. 2IICIQ017 05.'23.1'17 MRAD-26 SOI DCl}m Tool1Um-234 3360 1!MO 61't-3GSO Acceclalble ERA 2ndl2017 05.123J17 MRA0-26 SOI r>Cl.tQ 1Jt311111J1-234 1820 1!!5D 1190-2&10 Accelllable EM 2IICIQ017 05123.1'17 MRADc26 SOI DCl.tn lk.lnl11J1-234 2030 1!!5D 1190-2&1D Acceot3ble EM 2ndl.l017 05'2JJ17 MRADc26 $01 r,Cl,l'.fl! lkanlllll-234 2410 1!!5D 1190-2&10 Acce<Jbtlle EAA 2rv:1/2!017 05123117 MRAD,26 SOI pa.~ lk.lnlmn-2311 1800 1g*4 0 1200-2460 AccefJtlllle EAA 2!ldfl017 05123117 MRAIJ.26 SOI DCl,l:q lkanlmn-238 1970 1940 1200-2460 A.ml>m:llble EM 2IICIQ017 0512J117 MRAD-26 SOI r>Cl,I.Q Ut311111J1-238 14SO 1940 1200-2460 Accetiltll>le EM 21lC1121D17 05'23117 MRAD-26 SOI DCl/m UranlUm-Tolal !540 3980 2160-5250 AccentlilJie EAA 2lli1/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI DCl.bl UranlUrn-T<<ai 3750 3980 216'01-5250 Acceot.ble ER.it. 21111!2017 05.'2Yl7 MRAD-26 SOI DCl/la UranlUrn-Tolal 4090 3980 2160-5250 Accer:rtal>le ERA 211i112017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI ~'lq UranJum.Tolal 3860 3980 2 160-5250 AccentlilJie Ui:anJurn-Tolal ERA 2ndfl017 05'23111 MRAD-26 SOI 119'lll ( m:a6' l 52ro 5BOO 3200-72:90 Accectlble UranlUm-Total ERA 2ndl1'017 0512JJ17 MRAD-26 SOI ua..., l mas6l S42JO 58011 3200-72:90 Aocef'll"'11e Ui:anJurn-Tolal ERA 2111112017 05i'2JJ1l MRAD-26 SOI , inr>n (mai;&\ 5000 5800 3200 - 72:90 Acceni-e UranlUm-Total ER.it. 2IICIQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 SOI pqllq (mast;) 4440 S80D 3200 - 7290 Acce<Jbtlle ERA 2ootal17 05i'2JJ17 MRA0-26 SOI ......,,.n ZI~ 702JO 60911 4IIS0 - 8D9D ~e ERA 2ndt2017 0512J/17 MRAD-26 VPOPUnan DCl/ln Aml!l1dUm-2,U 1700 1860 1140-2470 AmPt'hllle ERA 2ndt2017 0512J117 MRAD-26 ""'1<>1"'1Qll r>Cll:tn ceairn- 1341 1660 183D 1180-2380 AccenhNe ERA 2ndl1'017 05123117 MRAD-26 """"iatlon
..,,.,,_ CeslJrn-137 2470 250D 1810 -MSD ..,,,..,,..,.,,.e EM 2IICIQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 Vf>nP.l.."111nn DC,1:Q C~.ilt-611 1350 139D 959 -1940 AttlPnt:ohle ER.it. 2!1iCll2017 OSl2JJ17 MRAD-26 "°""'""llill ""'l:a CUl1Urn-244 629
' 360 - 11,40 -"'e EM 2n<lt2!017 05123117 MRAD-26 v-lat!an DCl/ld Mancranese-54 <32_2 <JOO 0 .00-300 Att,>m3ble ERA Vl'nPlallan ER.it.
2nd17 2rw:ll2017 05123111 05123117 MRAD-26 MRAD--26 -on r>r.111:n l'ltmnlUm-2.33 l'llnlnJurn-239 2aso 1990 325D 215D 1940-445D 1320-29611 Accent.hie Acce-1! 22JOO-EM 2ndfl!017' OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 Vl'nPl.al!on r>r.11:tn PotlS611J'TI-40 30900 J090ll 43400 Accenl'"11e EM VM>>L*UIJn EAA 2ncl/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 N'l,I.Q Slmllbim-90 701 726 414 -963 Accer,1,."'e
-e EM 21111Q017 2ni:lt.!017 D5123!17 05123117 MRAD-26 MRA0-26 V-lallCin n.r.i.to Uranlll:!l-234 l.kanlum-234 2720 3080 3090 309D 2030-3970 2030-397D AcceniEle EAA 2ncl/2017 D512J/17 MRAD-26 VP<1l't.llloo nCl.tQ Uranlum-2J8 .282!11 306D 2040-JllaD Aml><Jiable EAA 2f'll/2017 05123117 MRAD-26 v..,11, b llOO n.r.i,to Uranl11J1-238 302!11 306D 2040-JB91l Accenl""'e EM EM 2f'll/2017 2ndfl017 OSl2Jl17 05123117 MRAD-26 MRAD-26
""""lallon V-'~IIOII DCl/10 UranJurn-Tobl UranJum-Total 5'J'7 0 5690 6290 6290 4260-7BJD 4260-7BJD A"""""""'e
.. .,....,,._.e EAA 2ootal17 OS/23J17 MRAD-26 lh>al'taUllll DCI- UranJurn-TOlal 6238 629D 4260-71330 ~e UranJum-TOlal 6200 -
EM 21¥112017 05123111 MRAD-26 V-'~*an '""""' 1mas1;1 8910 9250 11700 MY*or,h'hle UranJurn-TOlal 6200-ERA 2IICIQ017 05i23117 MRAD~ veaecauoo ll(Vlq (fflasti ) B44l) 9250 11700 Acceotlble UranlUrn-Tolal 6200-EM 2ndQ017 05123117 MRAD-26 VeoetaUan ua'la {ffl:a6' ) 9000 9250 11700 Allceoiable ERA 2ndQ.017 05123117 MRAD--26 \leoetallan =~ Zlnc:"'65 907 353 615- 1200 Acceotlbie ERA 200l2017 05123117 MRAD-26 fller r,CI.IFU;>< Aml!l1Clum-241 80.6 7&A 47.t - 103 AttPlll"'1:lle EM 2nda017 05123117 MRAD-26 Flier DCIIFUer Ce&\Jrn-134 H40 11 00 700 - 1360 Accem3llll! ERA 2!1iCll2017 05123117 MRAD-26 Flier l)Q'Fl&r Ceairn-137 1490 1J9D 1040- 1B'JD Accem,1ble ERA 2ndl2017 0512J/17 MRAD-26 Flier DC&'Fller Ctlbiilll-611 1t2JO 1D30 797 - 1290 AnlPnbihle ERA 2nd17 OSl2Jl17 MRAD-26 FIie!' DCIIFl!ef lllli!l,-515 242 256 79.4-500 AcceCltlble Page 10 of12 l' M.t.JM,t 1n pr ,tiJ,?ll ,Tl 7J Page I 55
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR i[ !lal L.aboratorles u c d n Mb I l hl!I GEL (j rJup PT Plonllr ERA EM au.tar-I 2ndl2017 Raport R8Clllnll Dllbt 05123.117 *- MRAD-26 Rief IN! pCl'flter
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"""""'1.1Ne 2ndl2J017 0512J117 MRAD-26 fUer o<:rFner Pllrlonlllm-238 54..3 37.2 - 71.4 ERA 2ndQI017 05123117 MRAD-.26 Filer pCl'FDer Ph.iklnlllm-2:J9 SIL2 62 .U.9-81_0 Aclceplaliie ERA 2nd!'2l!t17 0512Jl17 MRAll*26 ifller nCIIRle<' S1rmCUm-9ll 52.2 52.4 25-6-78.;5 MCentmie ERA 2111dl2i11'17 0512Jl17 MRAll*26 fDef DCl'Fllter lkilnlllnl,-'l.14 71. 1 73.t 45.3- uo Aecent.1Ne ERA 2ndl2017 OS'231'17 MRAD-26 Flier t!Cllflller L'ranl!E1-2J4 79 73.t 45.3- 110 Aecemable ERA 2ndl2017 05123.11 7 MRAll-26 Flier t!Cllfllter l.kanl1111-2J8 70.7 12A. 46.3 -100 ~e ERA 2ndl2J017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Flier pCl'Flter U!anlln-238 n.1 72A. 46.4- fOO Aecemallle ERA 2ndl2017 05123.117 MRAD-26 Flier IJCl,'fller Uranlllm-Tolal 154 t49 82.S-Xll Aecerbbie EM 2ndl2J017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Flier nr.:l;'faer Uranlllm-Tolal 145 t49 B.2..S.-2Zl Acceptit,le ERA 2rxll2017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Flier pCl'FUer UranlUm-Tolal 159..S. t49 82.5,-227 Acceotatlle Uranlllm-TC!Cal ERA 2ndl2J017 OS/2Jl1 7 MRAD-26 fDer IK!i'flllEr {ffli366 ) 230 217 1J9 - 306 Acceptit,le Uranlllm-Tolal ERA 2!ldl1017 0512Jl17 MR/\0-26 Filer un,1'1111:r {tnil6$l 212 217 1l9-JD6 ~alJIE!
Uranlllm-Tolal ERA 2ndl2017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 FDer , rnlFlller "'1as61 231 217 1J9 -306 --E! ERA """""'.,.,.e ERA 2lldi2017 2ndl'l017 05123117 05'23.f17 MRA0-26 MRAD-26 filer* nCIJRb >r 2ll'!C'65 GRl6&Alcl'la 1t60 112 984 85;5 705 - 1360 28.6 - fJJ Aeceotmle ERA 2rv:1i2017 05123.117 MRA0-26 Aler GRl6& 1BetJ 54-9 45.2 2B.6 -65.9 ...._..:vve EFIA 211dm}17 05123117 MRAD-26 Wate r ""'I L Ametllctum:-241 150 140 90 - 168* ,........,.,..,.e ER.a. 2m:lfl017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Water DCl /1 cewm-134 2300 2510 1840-2680 Aecent>ihle EFIA 2ootll017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water DCI/L Ce<611:Jm-137 1480 1400 1190- 16811 ACcevt:mle ERA 2ndl2017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water DCI/ L cmalt-60 2S70 2540 2210-2971) Aece01al>le ERA 2n,:1121017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water pCL'L too-55 9Z3 984 5137 - 1340 Accefltm!E! EFIA 2oot2017 05123117 MRA0-26 Water DCI/L Mana.lllE!6e-54 <6.J6 << 100 0 .00- 100 AmP<lt>Ne ERA 2rv:1i2017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 Water pCl1l. Pllllllnlllm-238 100 128 94.7 -1 5'9 Acceobl>ie ERA 2fl1r2017 05/2Jl17 MRA0-26 water pCI/L Plulcnlllm-2J9 73.J 85.3 66.6 -103 Aml>Dtltlle ERA 2111112'017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 wate r pClll saooalm-'3D 685 7 14 465-944 Aecemallle EFIA 2111112'017 05123117 MRA0-26 W:ate r pCI/L l.kanl-2J4 82..t 90,,} 67 .8 -11 6 Aoceolable EFIA 2nclf2I017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCI/L Lnnlum-2J4 92 90.J 67.4 - 116 ~E! EFIA 2ndfl017 OS/2Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCl/1 I..Anl mTt-2J4 81.t 9!U 67.8-116 Acceobl>ie EFIA 2nclt'2017 0512Jl17 MRAD--26 water r>r.111 I.Jranl~ 86.7 8!1.S 68.2 -110 AeceDtJllle EFIA 2nctQ017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Wate r DCIJL lk.lnlmn-2J8 !14. 1 89;5 662-110 Aooeptable EFIA 2111112'017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water oCIJL LR!lf-2JB 9B 89;5 6B.2- no AeceotalllE! ERA 200!2017 0512Jl1 7 MRAD-26 Water DCIIL Uranlllm-Total 18 1 1114 135-2J.'3 AID>otalJle ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRA0-'26 Wate r D!".111 Uranlllm-To&al 17J 1134 tJS -238 Accent>illle ERA 2oo/2017 05123117 MRA0-26 W<lter DCIIL Uranlllm-Total 180 1114 135-238 ACceolallle ERA 2oot2017 DS/2Jl17 MRA0-26 W.iter DCIIL Ur.nlllm-Total 185 184 135 -23!1 ~e UliW'IIUffl-Total ERA 2rxla017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 water !lllfl {mai,r;l 270 263 2 14 -324 Aeceolable Uranlllm-Tol.al ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRA0-26 water lfQll. {mai,r;) 260 263 2 14 -J24 ~e UliW'llllm-Tol.al ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRAD-26 Water unfl.. "'1as6l 252 2611 2 14-3.24 ~E! Uranlllm-Tolal ERA 2r!d!'l017 0512Jl17 MRA0-26 Water unit lm.-1 276 263 2 14-3.24 A<n>nbble ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water DCI/L 2J~ 2160 1960 1630-2470 Acceotable ERA 2rxla017 05123117 MRAD-26 Water !lOIL Gnt65Allltla 125 89.S 31.4 - 139 """""'able Page 11 of 12 Page I 56
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR til =i I Laboratories 11 a 111,, r Ct 1h11 m .L Ci~up oer com PT Gllatlr l y-
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t ce1111aMe RIIID E...._ ERA 2ndl2017 05123117 MRA0-26 Wa!E!r r>r.111 Gro&lil!etl 59..6 61 34..9-9DA AttPnt>Ne 1JOOO - ERA 2rx!tl0 17 D512Jf17 MRAD-26 Water oCIJl Tlltl .... 1890D 19400 21700 lla:e<!bbie ERA 2ndt2.017 DSIJOf17 RA0- 1D9 Water DOil Gm65Allllla 79.7 75 3'J!.5 - !123 Acc:e!Jtat-.. ERA 2nd/2017 OSIJOf17 RAD-1119 Water pCI/L GIOl6 Alpha 72..9 75 39.:S *- 92..3 Accellfallle ERA 2nd/2017 OSIJOf17 RAD- 1D9 Water Dall Gro55 Alpha 72..9 75 39.:S-92.'3 Ac:cellfallle Page 12 of12 Page I 57
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR 1c1::jl Laboratories uc nb r ' 118 OH G f] p oet com TABLE 2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON July through September 2017 Page 6 of 9 GEL Page I 58
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ti1511 laboratories Lt C a ,r.,. nb,r ol l he 6tl Gr:111p oeicom PT PnNldlr Gllll1ill" I Ylilr lllparf DIii
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RIMo ~ EZA 2nd/2017 llll/02t17 E11UJ C.Jftllda;e IICI IOdll'll!-131 8 .65E+o1 8A6E-+01 1.D2 At!a>otlble EZA 2l"Kll2Df7 llll.'ll2!17 E11874 Mil OCl/1 Slmnt.lum-a!l 8 .88Et01 9.26Et01 0 .!16 Al:cel>lable EZA 2ndJ20f7 IIIW2/17 E11874 MU .,,,.,, stmnllum-'JO 9.!56E*+OO 1.3'5E+Of 0.71 -le EZA 21'K1121lf7 06!02/17 E11875 Mll nr.111 CEl1ll'l1.-141 1.62Et02 1$1E+02 1.D7 -le EZA 2ncll2Dt 7 06Jll2/17 E U.875 MU DCl'L CObalt-58 1.53E-+02 1.55E+02 0.98 At!<,pmable EZA 2nd/2017 tJB.1D2f17' E11875 Mll nclll CObalt-60 2 .DTE+D2 1.9tE+D2 U >II Al:cel>lable EZA 2nd/2D.f7 OIW2/17 E11875 Mil OClll Clvornlll'll-51 J .65E+02 J .15Et02 1.16 Accep!aDle EZA 2nd/2017 08/ll2117 E11875 MU nN/1 Ce6bn-134 1.711Et02 1.88E+D2 0.!112 -le EZA 2ndl20 t 7 06Jll2/17 E11875 MU pCl'l Ce61Um-1J7 1.5TE+D2 1.511JE+02 1.()5 Atts>otlble EZA 2nd/20f 7 tJB.ID2117 E11875 Ma DCIIL lrOll-59 1.28E~2 1.1SE+02 1.11 Acceotlble EZA 2nd121lf7 llll/02t\1 E11875 Mil pClll IOdll'll!-131 9 ..9Jct01 9 .36Et01 1.06 Aa:ep1allle EZA 2nd/20f 7 06/ll2f17 E11875 MU nnll M~S4 1.SSE-+02 1.12E*+D2 1.14 Al'N'Diable EZA 2ncl/2Df 7 06.'1l2/17 E11875 Mll nr.111 ZI00-65 2 .18E-t02 2.B4E+02 1.D7 A.........hhle EZA 2n11.i21111 tJB.I02117 E1 1876 Water DCl'L Cl:llirn-14 1 2.09E t02 1.99E+02 1.05 Aoo!'ot.lble EZA 2ndl2D17 OB.'D2t17 E11876 water OCl/1 Cooalt-58 2.11Et02 2.04E +02 1.04 l\cl:eptlble EZA 2nd/2Df7 IIIW2/17 E11876 W'ikr .,,,.,, CObalt-60 2.S7Et02 2.S0E+02 1.IIJ ~able EZA 2nd/20f7 OB.'D2117 E11876 Waler OClll CIVornlll'l1-51 4.41E-+02 U JE*+02 1.D7 A.-ntll:,ie EZA 2nd121117 OBJll2/17 E11876 Waler OClll Ce6bn-134 2.J8E-t02 2.47E+02 0.96 Acceoiable EZA 2nd/20f7 06/ll2f17 E11876 Wilter OClll Ce61um-137 2 .20E+02 1.97E+D2 1.12 Aooeotlble EZA 2nd/21lf7 OIW2/17 E11876 Water Da!\. lroll-69 t.64E+m 1.5 1.E*+02 1.119 -le EZA 2ndl2Df7 08JD:2/17 E113,7 6 water OClll IOdll'll!-131 B.69Et01 8.12E+01 1.D7 """""tlble EZA 2nd/20f7 06J02/17 E11876 Waler DCl.'t Man- 2.43Et02 2.25E+D2 1.D8 Acceotlble EZA 2ndl2Df7 OBI02/17 E11876 Willer DCl'L Zln!>65 2.95E+D2 2.67E+D2 1.10 """""tlble ERA Jnl / 2017 Ol!J28/17 RAO - t iO Water OClll Bar1Um- t 33 68.8 66.J 55-2
- 7'2.9 Aoceotlble ERA Jnl 1 2017 tJB.128/ 17 R,tO . , 10 water nNll Ce61Um-134 211.7 24.4 18 .7-27.2 -table ERA Jrtl / 2017 06.!28/17 R,11). '10 Waler nr.111 ceam-tJ7 51.7 51.6 46.4-59.6 ..~ l e ERA 3nl 1 2017 OB.!26/17 R,11) . , 10 water nr.111 cooalt-60 97 lla.6 79.7 - 99.8 A.c<,eoiable ERA Jnl / 2017 011128117 RA0- 110 Wilb!r OClll Zl:lc-65 39.7 32.7 27.:)-41.6 Aooeo1able ERA Jnl / 2017 tJB.128/17 IW>- 110 Water nr.111 Grtl66 Al""" ~ .J 25.7 13.0 - 34.t """""tlble ERA Jnl / 2017 06.!28/17 RA0 - 110 Waler ....... Grtl66AI""-" 31.9 25.7 13 .0 - 34.1 """""tlble ERA Jnl 1 2017 OB.!'2!1/17 R,tl). ,10 Waier DCl/1. G"'" Beta 511. 4 63 113.5-69;6 Acceotable ERA Jnl l 2017 tJB.126/17 fWl- 110 water DCI.'\. Radlll'l1-226 1.6 1.29 t.07
- 1.95 """"°'""le ERA 3nl 1 2017 Ol!J28/17 RAO- 110 ~ pCl'l Rildlll'l1-226 1.2 1 1.29 1.07
- U IS Accl>oiable ERA Jnl / .2017 06J'2af17 R,t0. 110 w~ ...,...l RilCl1lrl1*228 6.4.9 5.66 ,l.45 - 7.A7 ,.,,,,.,,;:,;,le ERA J nl / 2017 08/28/17 R,tll- 110 Water DCl/1. R.dmn-228 5.59 5.66 J .45- 7 .47 .ADceptable ERA Jnl l 2017 06/28/17 RA0- 110 water DCl/1._ uranium lNatl 65 66.7 54.J-73.9 """""'tlble ERA J nl 1 2017 OBml/17 R,,0 - 110 water DCI.'\. uranium (Nat) 616.2 66.7 54.3-73.9 Acceotlble GeLu.'bor11tiom:u1~ "O!l>llnf a,1.~n,;1;1!11*111 31")~- Page 7 of 9 Pl<INl>\ICl'l'IIJ' , M**stl,! '71 r .., . ....,,.1'1 Page I 59
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR mil Laboratoriest1 am r,b IO'I IISGHGr) (I PT PnMcllr ERA QMIWI 3nH 2017
- om 08/2af17 RA0-110 Waller oo/1.
U"ariUTI (.Nit)
'lk.iri llla65
( tfat) GEL VIiia 97
~
oe1com 98.1 Ac~--* 79.8 - 109 Ell I
-le-t-cm ERA 3rd / 2017 OW28117 RA0-!10 Water IJQ/L llla65 104.7 98.1 79.8- 109 AollPD!atJle-ERA 3nf / 2017 08.'28117 ll.lO- *10 W:Rr l'lCl'L Tnft:Jm 5120 :5060 4340-5570 .. ~ l e -
ERA J nf l 2017 06f2a/17 RAD-
- 10 Wat.."!" nrll1 T""' *m 4620 5060 4340 - 55 70 A- l e -
ERA 3111 12017 08128117 RA0-
- 10 Water l'lCl'I stror6m-.89 Z9.9 26.4 18A-32.9 ..""""""le-ERA 3111 / 2017 06l23/17 RA0-110 water DCIIL SlrnnilllRH!9 26.2 26.4 t a4-J2.9 ,.,,,_;able-ERA 3111 12017 OBnll/17 R,fl>- 110 Water DCl!I Stronllum-'9D 31'.8 36 26.4 -41.5 Aeclel>1at>le-ERA 3111,12017 08.IZ3/17 RAD- *10 waw- nl'III sfronl!Um-90 34 36 26.4 - 4 1.5 ,.............,le-ERA 3nf I 2017 08.IZ3t1"1 ll.lO- i 10 ~V:Rr pCl'L lo llne--13 1 28 25 ..5 2.1.2-JD.1 """""'1:anle-Nol ERA Jnl / 2017 08n!ll17 RA0- 110 'Nater l'lCl'I IOllne--131 33 25.5 2 1.2-JD.1 Aeclel>1at>ie-Page 8 of9 Gl!l Page 160
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR M=II LaboratoriesLLc
~IHI I I The GCL Gro11p C gel com TABLE2 GEL QUARTERLY INTERlABORATORY COMPARISON Octoberthrou December 2017 Page6of 12 Page 161
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ta::11 LaboratorieSLLC
~ 1 rnl, rat T e GCL Gr 11p ,~
Ripest
- gel com AicceptiaMae PT Prvwimr QmltN" I Yur Rl!ceMd (ale s-.-
Ural _ ,Nudidl! GEL YaR
~
Yilllle Ralg!I Ralio Evaallon MAPEP 4lh/2017 12101/ 17 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WilAK Bq/l Cesium-1 34 10.50 1 1.5 8..1-15.0 ~table MAPEP -'khl2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Bq/1.. Cesium-1 37 16.800 16.3 t1.2"2l.2 Acceotable MAPEP 4lh.l2017 121011t7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 w.-.1.- Rn/1 Oobalt-57 12. l 12.1 ~15.7 ~ble MAPEP 4th.'2017 12101fl7 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Wat.<< Boll Cd:>aJl..&J ID.BOO 10.7 7.5-13.9 Acoeotable MAPEP 4llv2017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Bail H ~ 250 258 18 1--335 Acceotable MAPEP 4lw.2017 12/01117 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WOO!'/ Ra.'L lrcn-65 2D. 1 19.4 13.6-25..2 AcoPril.c1ble t.lAPEP 44W2.017 12J01117 MAPEP-17-MaW37 WatB Ball - EA 15.5 14 .9 10.4-19.4 FalsePos Acoeolahle MAPEP 41h/2017 12101/17 MAPEP-17-MaW37 Wal£!r- Ba/L Nickele-63 0. 764 D Test Acoeotable MAPEP 4h/2.017 12/01/ 17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w- Ba,'\.. Plullorium-238 0.528 0 .60 0 .422-0.784 Acceptable MAPEP 41h/20 17 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 W:,a,r Ba.'L Plrtonium-23111240 D. 654 D. 78 1 0 .547- 1.015 Acceotable FalsePos MAPEP 4lhf.2017 12J01/l7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 W:t.!-~ Rall Potassitsn-40 - 12 D Te51 Accerita.lw> MAPEP 4lh/'2017 12.'01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w~ Bail Racium-226 o.n4 0.86 0.601-1. 1t5 Acceotable MAPEP 4lhr./.017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Waler Rall Slrontiwn-90 7.04 8 5 .44-10.10 ~ble MAPEP 4lh/'2017 12101/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 WOO!'/ Bq/L Technetium-00 6 .4 1 6.73 4.71-R75 Acceo1'3ble MAPEP 4lh/21l17 1210tf17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 Wi141!T Ball.. Uranium-234/233 1.09 Lot 0.71- 1.31' ~e MAPEP 4ltv2017 1210l/t7 MAPEP-17-MaW37 w......- Anll Uranium-238 t.140 1.040 D..73-1.35 ~-.ble MAPEP 4lhf.2017 12Jll1/17 MAPEP- 17-MaW37 w~ Bq/L Zino-65 17.3 15.5 10.9 Aoaeotable MAPEP 4llv'2017 12J01f17 MAPEP-17-XaW37 Alk. Wats5 Ball.. lodine-129 2.590 2.310 1.62-3..00 ~-able 0.0355-MAPEP 4h'2017 12101'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter *- ' - - Uranium-235 0.0521 0.0507 0.065(1 MAPEP 4llv'2017 12/01(17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filter ,.-,1<.,vnnle Uranium-238 7.8 7.0 4 .90-9. 10 Acceotable MAPEP 41h/2017 12/01/ 17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filter Uranium-Total 7 .04 7.05 4 .94-9.17 Acceotable D.0458-MAPEP 4th/2017 12/01117 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Fill...- Bafsa~e Americium-241 0.053300 0 0 .0796 ~ble MAPEP 44h/2017 12101f\7 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bo'sarmle Cesium-1 34 1.0300 1.00 0.7-1.30 Al>oPotable MAPEP 441\12.017 12J01f17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 fil!Er B<l'samcile Cesium-1 37 0 .88 0.82 0.57-1.07 ~otable F: lse Pas MAPEP 4til'.2.017 12/01(17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Balsamole Cobalt-57 0 .01 0.00 Test ~ble MAPEP 4ih/'2017 12101'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bdsample Cd>alt-00 0.75 0.68 Oa43-0.88 MAPEP 4ttv2017 12/01(17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filler B<l'samcile M- - CA 1.48 1.30 0 .9 1-1.69 0.0209-A,,r,,,.nL-ahle MAPEP 4lh/2017 12/0l/17 MAPEP- 17-Rdf'37 Filler Bq/sarr,ple Plutonitm-238 D.0257 0Jl298 0 .0387 0.0328-MAPEP 4hr.2017 12/01(17 MAPEP-17-RdF37 Filla' BQ/sample PkltDnium-2391240 0.0408 0.0468 0 .0608 MAPEP 4lhr.1.017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Anki>mnle Strontiwn-90 0.608 D.801 0.561-1.041 ~ble MAPEP -4ih'2017 12/01117 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Fillet" Bdsamale Uranium-2341233 0. 086 D. 084 0 .059-0. 109 Acceolable MAPEP 4lnl2017 12/01'17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Filter Bo'sarmle Uranium-23S D.D93 0.087 0 .061-0.113 ~ble MAPEP 4fu/'2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-RdF37 Fil!B- Anki>mnle Zino-65 1.2500 1.08 0.~1.40 """""1l;,ble MAPEP 4thl2017 12101(17 MAPEP-17-RdV37 Veiietmion Balsamole Americium-24'1 D. D80 D.Dn D. 054-{). I Acceolable MAPEP 4thl2D17 12/0t/17 MAPEP-17-RdV37 Veiiet:mon Ba/sample C-esium-'134 2.30 2.32 1.62-3.02 Acceptable False Pas MAPEP 4ft/2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- '17-Rd\137 Vegetation BqJsample Cesium- 137 0.0 19 1 0.00 Test ~otable MAPEP 4lh/2017 12/01/17 MAPEP- 17-Rd\137 Vegetation B""'-"mnle Cobalt-57 2.92 2.80 2.0-3.6 A,,r,,,.nL-able Page 8 of 12 G El. Laboratxirit:s I.LC Page 162
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR fiJ aI Laboratories u C 0 w ilier of The GCL Group ic POE/,1 ! , 12
,l4Ul:ii!Va~~ C oef com
,~
PT Prowidl!r MAPEP MAPEP Qr.a.irtiH I Yur 4lh/2017 4fu/'2017 Report
"-iwd ewe 12/01(17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-RdV37 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 S-.ple Vegela!ion Veaeialion Unit Bctsamcle Bo'samcle
_ ,Nuclide Qibalt-60 Manaanese-54 GEL Villue 2-24 2.78
~
2..07 2.62 Acceptaloe Rangel Rilllio 1.45-2.69 1.83-3.4 1 Ewluaon Accep1able Acceotable MAPEP 4fu/'2017 12/01'17 MAPEP-'17 -Rd\/37 Ve,o~cn Bcrsamrile PlulDniunr238 0 .0762 0 .0830 0 .058-0. 108 ~ble MAPEP 4llv'2017 12/01'17 MAPEP-17-Rdl/37 Ve,oetalion Balsamrne Plutonitm-239'240 0.104 0.108 0 .076-0.140 ~ ble MAPEP 4thf2!l17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-Rt:flf37 Veae4ation 8Qlsample Strontiun-00 0.960 1.23 0 .86-1.6 Acceptable MAPEP 41h1'2D17 12/01117 MAPEP-17-Rdl/37 Vea.elation Rnl.s,-nole Uraniunr234/233 0. 162 ll.159 0 .1 11-0.207 Accent.-.hle MAPEP 4ttw2017 12/D11t7 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 Vesi.e btion Bokamole Uranitm-238 0. 166 0.163 0 .1 14-0..212 Aooelltable MAPEP *4th/2017 12/0tf17 MAPEP-17-Rd\137 Vegetation Balsarmle Zine>-65 5 .Q3 5.37 3. ~ .88 Acceotable ERA 4lhl'2017 1 tll7/17 M RA0-27 Soil nC'.iolin Actina.rnr228 1200 12.40 785 - 1720 ~e ERA 4tW2017 1 t/17117 MRA0-27 Soil oOiilto Americiunr24 1 1180 1 140 667- '1480 ~e ERA 4lh/20'17 1 tft7117 MRAD-27 Soil oCiillo B isrruth-2 12 1600 12.40 330 - 1820 Acceotable ERA 4IW20 17 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Soil nC'i olin B isrruth-2 14 1460 1890 1 i40-2721J IW:lcenlahle ERA 4lhl2017 1 1117/ 17 MRAD-27 Soil nl'.iolin Cesiunr 134 5770 6320 4 130- 7590 """"""'>>ble ERA 4tw.1.017 1 1117 / 17 MRAD-27 Sorl oa&o Cesiunr 137 3Q40 3830 2930- 4930 Acceolllble ERA 4lhl2017 1t/171\7 MRAD-27 Soil rC.ilkn Col>alt-00 4 1 10 4 130 2.7QO - 5690 Aooenl.i>hle ERA 4lht2.017 11117117 MRA0-27 Soil cCil1ta Lead~12 1270 1240 8 12 - 1730 Aooeo1able ERA 4lh/'2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oC.i lka Lead-214 17:m 1880 1160-2850 Acceptable ERA 4lh/2017 11/17117 MRAD-27 Soil r,{'j ll,n Lt.~anese-54 <29.2 <1000 <1000 Accenbble ERA 4lh/'2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Soil cCi/ka P lutoniunr238 508 6 15 370-849 ~-ble ERA 4ful2017 1 tll7/17 MRAD-27 Soil pCi/kg Plu!Dniunr238 578 506 331 -600 Acceolable 7740-ERA *4Wl017 1 t/17117 MRAD-27 Soil cCi/ka Potassium-40 10000 10600 t421JO Accenhble ERA 4llv2017 11117117 M RA0-27 Soil nCi/lcn Strontitm-80 2530 3460 1'120 - 5470 Acceobble ERA 4th/2017 1 11 17117 M RA0-27 Soil oCilka Thariunr234 4160 3690 1170- 6840 Acoent.,ble ERA 4lh.l2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oCi/1<<> Uranir..m-234 4310 37:m 2270 - 4770 ...,,.,.._hie ERA 4W2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil oCilka Uranitm-234 3350 3720 2270-4770 AcceDlable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 t/ 17117 MRAD-27 Soil .Cilka Uranitm-234 3400 3720 2270- 4770 IW:lcer>L-.ble ERA '4d1(21)17 11117/17 MRAD-27 Soil pCilka Uranir..m-238 3590 3600 2200-4680 Acceolable ERA 4!h/2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil DCilka Uranitm-238 4380 3690 2280-4680 Acceotable ERA 4lnl2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Soil cCil1to Uranitm-238 3260 3600 2280 - 4680 ....,,.,.._ble 4 110-ERA 4fu/'2017 11117117 M RA0-27 Soil DCilka Urarwm-Total 77'32 7580 10000 Accectabl.e 4110-ERA 4th/'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Sorl pOilkg Urana.rnrTotal 7 100 7580 10000 Acceolable 4 110-ERA 4th/2017 1t/17117 M RA0-27 Soil pCifka UraniunrTotal 7780 7580 10000 AcoenL-,.hle 4 110-ERA 4th/2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Soil oCilka UraniunrTotal 8090 7580 10000 Ar,r.o,,ntnhl e Uranium-Total 6 120-ERA 4ful2017 1 1117117 MRAD-27 Soil ua/ka {massl 12100 11100 14000 ~ble UrariunrTotal 6 120-ERA 41.hl'2017 1 1/17117 MRA0-27 Soil ua/ka Crnassl 1D800 11 100 14000 AcoenL-,.ble Urarium-Total 6 120-ERA 4<h/2.0 17 11117117 M RA0-27 Sotl ua/ka (mass) 12200 11100 14000 Accectable Ur.num:Total 6 120-ERA 4!hl2017 1 trt7117 MRAD-27 Soil ua/ka (m ass) 9770 11 100 14000 AcoeDlable Page9of 12 Page I 63
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR ra a. Laboratories LL
- e11 11~, at T e GCL Group le
,_ ael com Aepart A&:cept.aoCr PT Qu;wter- Receiwd
_......,_ s-.- _ , Nuclicil! GEL Kr-. Rmgel Prowider / Ye., Ila Meda Int Y.-.e Wllue ftalio Ewllulian ERA 4th/2017 1t/17/17 MRA0-27 Soil DCilk<J Zinc-05 7380 6660 5300 - 8850 ~e ERA 4!W2.017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Ve<!ellibcln pCi/kg Ameriaum.-241 681 670 410 - 891 Acoeotable ERA 4ihr.2017 11117/17 MRA0-27 Ve:gelation DCi/ka Cesium-134 1530 1670 1D70- 2170 AcceDtable ERA 4m'2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Veoebtion DCi/kg Cesium-1 37 1800 1840 1330-2560 AcceDtable ERA -4lh/2017 11117117 MRAD-27 Veoelation nCillin Cobalt-00 2320 2180 1!500-3050 Acceolable ERA 4IW2017 11'17/17 MRA0-27 Veflelalion oCilka Cln!m.-244 2380 2790 1370-4350 ~e ERA 4llv2017 11117/1 7 MRA0-27 Ve:gebiion oCi/ka t,tanganese-64 <36.1 <!00 <300 Acoeotable ERA 4th/2017 1 t/t7117 MRAD-27 Veoetaticn nC~ PlulD<wm-238 3340 4 180 2 400 - 5720 A,y,p,,t.~ble ERA 4th/2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Veoebtion nCi/1m PlutonaJm,.239 950 1060 651 - 1460 22300-ERA 4thl2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Ve:getation oCi/ka Potassii..m-40 34000 30000 43400 Acoeotable ERA 4!W2017 11117117 MRA0-27 Veo.e ution DCilka Slronti!SD-90 2580 2650 1510-3510 Accent.~ble ERA 4IW2017 11/17/ 17 MRA0-27 \h>oebtion nCi/ka Urani!SD-234 985 005 654 - 1280 ~e ERA 4th/2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Ve:getation nCillia Urani!SD-234 1 100 005 654 - 1280 AcceDtable ERA 4th/2017 11/ 17117 MRA0-27 Vegelation ,pCilkg Urani!SD-238 1040 Ql87 650 - 1250 Acceptable ERA 4lhl2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Vefletalian oCilka Urani!SD-238 821 087 650 - 1250 Accenmhje ERA 4int2017 1ll17/ 17 MRA0-27 Veaetation !]Cilka Urarwum-TOla! 2320 2030 1380-2530 Acceotable ERA 4lhr.lll17 11117117 MRAD-27 Vegelation DCi/ka Urarwum-Total 1845 2030 1380 - 2530 Acceotable ERA 4lh/2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Vea.e lation DCilka Urarwum-Tol.llJ 2300 2030 1380-2530 AN>i>nt.~hle Uranium-Total ERA 4lh'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Veoetalion uru'lm ( mass) 3200 2980 2000-3780 Aco>rit:,,ble Uranium-Total ERA 4lhl20 17 11/17117 MRA0-27 Ve:iieblion uru'lm (mass) 2460 2980 2000 - 3780 Acceotable Uranium-TotaJ ERA 4th/2017 11/17117 MRAD-27 Vegeb1ion ualka (mass) 3460 2980 2000-3780 Acceolable ERA 4th/2017 I \117/ 17 MRA0-27 Vegetalion cCil1la Zinc-05 1670 1400 1010- 1g70 Acceotable ERA 4IW2017 I 1/t7117 MRA0-27 Filler DCi/Filter Americium-241 15.4 14.0 9 .18-20-2 A- --**-Le ERA 4!W2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Filter DCi/Filter Cesiu m-134 14 10 1440 9 16- 1700 l\cceombje ERA 4th/2017 11/17/17 MRAD-27 Filter nr.i/Filter Cesium-137 10l0 954 7 17- 1250 A e ERA 4W2.017 11117/17 MRA0-27 Filter DCi/Filter Cd>all-60 296 27 1 2 10- 339 Aooeotable ERA 4lhl2017 11/17/17 MRAD-27 Filter DCi/Hter ~ 1010 1080 335 -2110 Acceotable ERA 4th/2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Fill<< cQ'Filter Uvv,anese-64 <3.18 <50.0 <50.0 Acceotable ERA -4lh/2017 11/17/17 MRA0-27 Filb!r DCi/Fdter Plutonium-238 61.8 63.9 43.8-84.0 Accentable
,. __,....,e ERA 4lhl2017 11117/ 17 MRA0-27 Filler pCi/Rlter Plutonium-239 40. 2 44.4 32.1 -58.0 ERA 4!W2017 11/17/1 7 MRA0-27 Filter nl'j/1::jfter Slrcntium-00 115 121 59. 1 - 181 A,,no.nt...,ble ERA 41h/'2017 11/t7117 MRAD-27 Filb!t' DCi/Filter Urnnium-234 42.8 41.5 25] - 62.6 Accentable ERA 4llv2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Filb!t' DCi/Fdter Urnni!SD-234 38.5 41 .5 25.7 - 62.6 A - -*-1.. le ERA 4W2.017 11/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Filter DCi/Filter Uranium-238 41.t 41.2 26.6-57.0 Acceolable ERA 4ih/2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Filter DO/Filter Ul'anium-238 37_5 41.2 26.6-57.0 Acceotable ERA 4ih/'2017 11/17/ 17 MRA0-27 Filter nCi/Filter Uranium Total 82 84.6 46.8 - 129 Accentahle ERA 4th/2017 1t/17/17 MRAD-27 Fill<< i,CiJFilter Urarwum-Tobl 86.7 84.6 46.8 - 129 Acc.>otable ERA 4th.l2017 11117/17 MRAD-27 Fil!N DCi/Filter Urarwum-Total 83 84.6 46 .8-129 A=eol.able ERA 4lh/2017 11/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Filb!r uafFilter lhn_ .TOlllltlnoHl 129 123 78.7- 173 Acceotabl.e Page 10 of 12 Page 164
APPENDI X C 2017 AREOR =II Laboratories Lw 0
.1 , ~1111:i.:1 ,ii T e GCL Group ,,; l'tlB1 1d, n C-4U i:iil,.lQ. >!!OC oel com ll!palt Accept-PT PnMder
~
/ YNtT Aeceiwd Date
_.......,. ~ lll!cN Unit _ _ , Nuclia GEL Val!R Known ~ Ratio &aalion Urnum-Total: ERA 4lh/2017 1 t / 17117 MRAD-27 Fill.et' µQffilter (mass) 124 123 78,7- 173 Acoectable Urnum-Total ERA 4lhl'2017 1 l/17fl7 MRAD-27 Fill.E!t' uatfiller ( ma55) 11 3 123 78,7 - 173 Acoectable ERA 4thl'2017 1 l/t7( 17 MRAD-27 Fill.E!t' nc.l/Filter Zinc-85 146 123 88 170 Acoent,.ble ERA 44hf20'17 1 1/17117 MRA0-27 Filb!r aCilFilter Gross~a 60 50_1 16.8 - 77.8 Aa,ectable ERA 4lh/20'17 1 tf17/17 MRAD-27 Fill.et' cCilFilter Gross Beta 68_3 61 .8 39. 1 -00. 1 Acceotable ERA 4lh/2017 1 lf17f17 MRAD-27 Waler oCiJl AIIBicium-241 176 158 106-212 Acoeptable ERA 44hf2017 1 tft7/17 MRAD-27 W.b!c cCi/L Cesium-1 34 1340 1400 1030- 1610 Acoent"'11e ERA 4lh/'2017 11/ 17117 MRAD-27 Wat,y pCi/L Cesiu m-1 37 300 378 32 1 - 453 Acoenbble ERA 4lh/"2017 1 l/t7/ 17 MRAD-27 Wat,y pCi/1.. C<lbalt-60 1ggo 1830 1500-2140 Acoelltable ERA 4th/2017 11ft7/ 17 MRAD-27 Wat<< DCi/L lron-05 1550 1640 978-2230 Acceptable ERA 4thl2017 1 flt7/17 MRA0-27 Water nC.i/1 t.tanoanese-54 <tl.38 <100 <100 Acoeotable ERA 4lh/'20 17 1 t / 17/17 MRA0-27 WaAa nCi/L Plulcrium-238 136 158 117 -197 Aooo>mable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 lft7117 MRAD-27 Water cO/L Pluti:rium,,239 1.14 f 34 104- 169 Aoceolable ERA 4ltv'2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 w~ cCi/L Strontitm-90 2 18 222 145-293 Acoectable ERA 4lh/2017 1 t/17/ 17 MRAD-27 Waler pCi/L Umniiin-234 163 160 120-206 Acoeptable ERA 4lh/'2017 1 lff7117 MRA0-27 Wate- pCi/L Uraniiin-234 153 160 120-206 Acoectabl:e ERA 4thl2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Wati,t- pCi/L Uranitm-234 157 160 120-206 Acoec&able ERA 4lh/'2017 1 1fl7f17 MRAD-27 WillE!t' cCi/L Uraniiin-238 161l 158 120- 1114 Acoent>hle ERA 4lh/'2017 1lft7117 MRAD-27 Water i,Ci/L Uraniiin-238 136 158 120 - 194 ~e ERA 4!h/2017 11'17/ 17 MRAD-27 Watet' nC.iJl Ura~ Total 306 325 239 - 420 Acoent>hle ERA 4lh/2017 11/1 7/ 17 MRA0-27 Water nCill. Urarwm-Total 3 10 325 239 - 420 Acoeotable ERA 4lhf2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Water nr;n Uranium-Total 343 325 239 - 420 Acoente>hle Ur.num-Total ERA 4lh/2017 1 t/17/ 17 MRA0-27 Water µglL (mass) 5 10 474 378 - 573 A,,n,..nt;,ble Urarwum-Total ERA 4lh/2017 1 1117117 MRAD-27 Wal.et' ualL ( mass) 463 474 378 - 573 A,::oeptable Uranium-Total ERA 4IW2017 111\7/ 17 MRA0-27 Wat<< .UQIL ( mass) 407 474 378 - 573 Acoel>table ERA 41h/'2017 11117'17 MRA0-27 Water cOJ1. Zinc-85 20QO 1750 1460-2210 Acceptable ERA 4W2017 11/17117 MRA0-27 Water cCi/l GrossAJnha 109 t 13 40. 1 - 175 Acoeotable ERA 4th/20 17 I t/17/ 17 MRA0-27 WatE!t' c0/1. Gross Beta 127 130 74.4- 193 Aocelllable 15100 - ERA 4ih/2017 I 1'17117 MRAD-27 w~ nC.iJl Triium 2 1100 .2 2500 32100 AcoeDtable EZA 4lh/2017 02/02/18 E12067 ea.tridae ca lodine-131 4 .84E+01 4.8 1E+01 1.0 1 Aooeolable EZA 4th/2017 02/02/18 E 1206B Milk oCiJL Strontilan-89 Q.54E+OI 9.23E+01 1_03 Acoectable EZA 4ih/2017 02/02/18 E1206S Milk nCi/L Stn:ntitm-00 1.34E+01 1.61lE+01 0-79 Aocenbble EZA 4thf2017 02/02/18 E12009 Milk oCi/1 Cerium-t 4 1 1.07E+02 9 .83E+01 1.ClQ Acoeolable EZA 4!h/2017 02/02/18 E12000 Milk nC.l/l Cdlalt -58 9 .21lE+Ol 8 .QQE+01 t .03 Aocent.o>ble EZA 4th/'20 17 02/02/18 E12009 Milk nCi/1 Cd>alt -60 1.Q5E+02 1.73E+02 1. 13 ~ble EZA 4lhf20 17 02/02/18 E12069 Milk cO/l Chromium--5 *1 2 .6QE+02 2.42E+02 1.11 Aocectable EZA 4lW'l017 02/02/18 E1200Q Milk oCi/l Cesium-1 34 120E+02 1.25E+02 0.96 Acoeotable Page 11 of 12 GEL Labora: ortes LLC Page I 65
APPENDIX C 2017 AREOR Mal LaboratorieSLLC
- I l'll1l *r c. l he GEL Group i; r 1 100 178 oer com
-~
Aapart Atcept.w ..... s-.- PT Provider Quiirt.r
/ Year Aeceiwcl Media Unit - ,~ GEl.
YMIII! Known Wllue Rlngl!I Raio ~ EZA 4lh/20 17 02JC121 18 E 12069 Mlk nO/L CesaJm-1 37 1.63E+Cl2 l .4 1E+Cl2 1. 15 Aooenbihle EZA 4thl2017 02JC12118 E 12009 Milk nO/L lron-5Q 1.27E+Cl2 L13E+02 f . 12 Aocen>"ble EZA 4thl2017 02JC12118 E 1'2009 Milk r>C.i/L lodine- 13 1 6 .5QE+D1 5.78E+D1 1. 14 ~ ~hie EZA 4thl20 17 D2/lJ2/18 E1200Q U(k ..r.i/L Lbnnanese-5,4 1.7QE+02 1.6 1E+Cl2 1.1 1 Aooe-bl.e EZA 4lh/2017 D2/lJ2/18 E 12009 urk ..r.i/L Zino-65 2.34E+02 2.11E+Cl2 1. 1t Aooeotable EZA 4lh/20 17 02/lJ2/18 E 12070 Wa4Pr nO/L Cerium-t4 1 6 ..60E+D1 6,24E+D1 1.06 Aooeotable EZA 4lh/20 17 02/lJ2/18 E 12D70 Wa4Pr nO/L Cobalt-58 5 .95E+D1 5.70E+D1 l .04 Acoenbble EZA 4thl2017 D2/C12118 E 1207'0 Wa4Pr ..r.i/L Cobalt-<<) 1.15E+02 1.10E+Cl2 1.05 Aooent,.ble EZA 4thl20 17 02/02118 E 12070 Wale£ nr'J/L Cl-.omrum-51 1.68E+02 1.54E+Cl2 t.l)Q Aooeotable EZA 4lh/21l17 02'02/18 E 12070 Water nr'J/L CesaJm-1 34 7.47E+Dt 7.92E+D1 CHM Aooeolable EZA 4lh/2017 02/02118 E 12D7D Wal£!r DOIL Cesium-137 9.3 1E+ol 8 .97E+D1 1.04 Aooeotaible EZA 4lh/2017 02'02/18 E 1.2070 Water DCiJI. lron-59 8 .74E+o1 7.1QE+D1 1.22 Aoceal.Bble EZA 4thl2017 021Cl2118 E 12070 Water nr;/L lodine-'13 1 5 .36E+D1 4.95E+D1 1.08 Aooen>~bfe EZA 4th.12ll 17 02/C12118 E 12070 w- DOIL . r, l.14E+Cl2 1..02E+Cl2 1.12 A<,oi,atabfe EZA 4th.12ll17 D2/lJ2/18 E 12D70 w- DOIL Zino-65 1.57E+Cl2 1.34E+Cl2 1. 17 A<,oi,atabfe Page 12 of 12 Ga Labor&torles u.c Page 166
2017 AREOR APPENDIX D. COMPARISON OF OPERATIONAL TO PREOPERATIONAL DATA Page I 67
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR Comparison of Operational to Preoperational Data and Analysis of Trends Unit 1 achieved criticality on June 14, 1967 and was permanently retired from service on November 30, 1992. Unit 2 attained initial criticality on July 26 , 1982 and Unit 3 on August 29, 1983. A variety of environmental samples were analyzed and the analytical results (January 1, 1979 to July 31, 1982) were compared with the 2017 operational data obtained for SONGS Units 2/3. The following media were evaluated and compared with the operational data of SONGS Units 1, 2 and 3:
- External Radiation
- Air Particulates
- Radioiodine
- Ocean Water
- Shoreline Sediment (Sand)
- Ocean Bottom Sediments
- Marine Species
- Local Crops
- Soil
- Kelp
- Drinking Water The measurements obtained from the SONGS Unit 1 operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) during the period from January 1979 to July 1982 are used as the preoperational baseline for SONGS Units 2/3. This is in accordance with San Onofre Units 2/3, Environmental Report, Operating License Stage, Appendix 6A, Pre-operational Radiological Environmental Monitoring, May 31, 1978. Comparisons of preoperational data to 2017 operational data are possible for each of the following exposure pathways: ( 1) direct radiation, (2) air particulates (inhalation), and (3) ocean water (marine pathway for ingestion).
Comparisons can also be made between preoperational and operational data for ocean bottom sediment data to ascertain if there has been any significant increase in radioactivity in ocean bottom sediments near the SONGS Units 2/3 outfalls. Currently the preoperational data are higher than the operational data. The decrease in radioactivity is due primarily to the cessation of nuclear weapons testing and to the decay of fallout radionuclides. There is a close correlation between indicator and control data over several decades. There are no indications of adverse effects from SONGS on the environment. Page 168
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR A. Direct Radiation The direct radiation measurements for the SONGS REMP were made by TLDs on a quarterly collection cycle at 38 indicator locations and 11 control locations in 2017. (See Appendix I for ISFSI TLD data). The TLDs were located at inner and outer ring locations as specified by the ODCM. During the preoperational period from January 1979 to July 31, 1982, the indicator stations ranged from 16.1 to 46.6 mR. The preoperational indicator average was 25.3 mR. The preoperational control range was 19.3 to 30.1 and the control mean was 23.1 mR. During the 2017 operational year for Units 2/3, the routine indicator TLD locations ranged from 9. 7 to 21.6 mrem, averaging 16.7 mrem while the control locations ranged from 13.1 to 20.7 mrem with an average of 17.0 mrem. Outside the EAB, all TLD results (control and indicator, for quarterly and annual measurements) are below each locations historical background plus the minimum differential dose (see ANSI/HPS N13.37-2014). Refer to Appendix B for a detailed discussion of the REMP TLD data . Factors such as meteorology, local geology, the fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing , and seasonal fluctuations account for the variability in the data as observed during the preoperational period for each location . The decrease in radiation levels at all TLD sample locations is attributable to the curtailment of the atmospheric nuclear weapons testing , and the continued decay of the manmade background from fallout from past nuclear weapons tests. Figure 9 compares the environmental radiation levels of selected indicator and control locations. Simultaneous variation in the radiation levels at both the control and indicator locations shows that the variations are due to factors external to SONGS. Outside the EAB there were no measurable levels of increased direct radiation associated with SONGS as measured by TLD. B. Airborne Particulates From January 1979 through July 1982 ( considered to be the preoperational period for SONGS Units 2/3), there was a noticeably higher gross beta activity in air at all sample locations. This period extends from the fourth quarter of 1980 through the fourth quarter of 1981 . These higher activity levels were attributable to the Chinese atmospheric nuclear weapons test conducted on October 15, 1980. Page 169
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR OS
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- San Clemente City Hall .... S.1 MIies NW - Suito Boach Part! ... 0.6 MIios ESE
* *
- Huntington Buch (CONTROL) ... 31.1 Ml
- NW - Bluff _,. 0.1 Moles WNW Figure 12 - Monthly Average Airborne Particulate Gross Beta Preoperational and Operational Data for Units 2 and 3, ( 1976 - 1988)
For 2017, the maximum monthly average airborne particulate gross beta result was approximately 0.029 pCi/m 3. This result is in line with both recent history and SONGS preoperational data . C. Radioiodine Most of the preoperational data for 1-131 level was below the detection limit. All the 2017 operational 1-131 data were below the detection limit. This is expected , as the shutdown and defueled SONGS is no longer producing 1-131 , and all previously produced 1-131 has decayed away. SONGS had no effect on the environment as measured by the radioiodine cartridge data in 201 7. D. Ocean Water Monthly ocean water samples were collected near each of the Station discharge outfalls, and from the Newport Beach control location . The ocean water samples are analyzed for naturally-occurring and station-related gamma-emitting radionuclides . Samples were composited quarterly and analyzed for tritium . Page 170
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR During the preoperational period, naturally occurring potassium-40 was detected in each of the samples collected from both indicator and control locations. Other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in only one ocean water sample. In May 1980, Co-58, Co-60, Cs-134, and Cs-137 were detected in an ocean water sample collected from the SONGS Unit 1 outfall. Concentrations of the radionuclides in this sample were 11 , 6, 380, and 430 pCi/1, respectively. Tritium was also detected in two of the ocean water samples collected in May 1980 from the SONGS Unit 2 outfall and from the Newport Beach control location. The data for all plant related radionuclides at all ocean water locations during the 2017 operational period were not detectable and below the MDC. We conclude that the operation of SONGS had a negligible impact on the environment as measured by this sample medium . E. Drinking Water Due to its location on the beach, there is no drinking water pathway for SONGS. Nonetheless, drinking water samples from Oceanside and Camp Pendleton were collected and analyzed. No plant related radionuclides were detected during the 2017 operational period. Gross beta activity (from natural radionuclides) was detected during both the operational and preoperational periods at both the indicator and the control locations. No plant related radionuclides (including tritium) have been identified in 2017 , and no trends have been noted . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. F. Shoreline Sediments (Sand) Beach sand is collected semiannually from three indicator locations and from a control location situated at Newport Beach. The samples are analyzed for naturally occurring and plant-related radionuclides. To assess the impact of SONGS operations on this environmental medium, preoperational data were compared to 2017 operational data. The radionuclide detected in shoreline sediment in the preoperational time frame was Cs-137 with a range of 0.012 to 0.022 pCi/g, averaging 0.019 in 5 sediment samples. One control sample with a Cs-137 activity of 0.032 pCi/g was observed in July 1979. The presence of Cs-137 in both control and indicator locations during the preoperational period leads to the conclusion that the root cause is external to SONGS and is most likely attributable to atmospheric nuclear weapons testing. No SONGS-related radionuclides were detected in shoreline sediment during the 2017 operational period . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 31 - Shoreline Sediment Concentration Cs-1 37 PreOp 0.012 - 0.022 0.019 < LLD - 0.032 < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Ooerational c < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD NOTES :
- a. Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 -
December 2017
- b. LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B
- c. During 2017, all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were< LLD Page I 71
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR I G. Ocean Bottom Sediments During the preoperational and operationa l periods, representative samp les of ocean bottom sediments were collected semiannually from each of the Station discharge outfalls and from a control station in Laguna Beach. The samples were analyzed for naturally occurring and SONGS related radionuclides . Duri ng the preoperationa l period . Manganese-54 (Mn-54) was detected in 5 of the 28 sam ples. The concentrations of Mn-54 in these samples ranged from 0.015 to 0.49 pCi/g, averaging 0.13 pCi/g. Cobalt-58 (Co-58) was detected in nine samples . The concentration of Co-58 in the samples ranged from 0.013 to 1.16 pCi/g, averaging 0.20 pCi/g. Cobalt-60 (Co-60) was measured in 15 of the 28 samples. The concentration of Co-60 in the sample ranged from 0.014 to 8.1pCi/g, averaging 0.79 pCi/g. Cs-137 was also detected in 16 of the 28 samples. The concentrations of Cs-137 in the samples ranged from 0.014 to 0.090 pCi/g , averaging 0.039 pCi/g . Cerium-144 (Ce-144) was found in two samples. The concentration of Ce-144 in the samples was 0.06 and 0.26 pCi/g , respectively. Results of the 2017 data indicate that there has not been a build-up of radionuclides with time in ocean bottom sediments near SONGS. The results also indicate notable decrease in the concentrations of plant-related radionuclides in the ocean bottom sediment. Although Co-58, Co-60, and Cs-137 are normally associated with nuclear power operations, preoperational study reveals no accumulation trend for these radionuclides , and no increase in levels for these radionuclides was detected during the operational period . The concentration of station-related radion uclides in all ocean bottom sediment samples ana lyzed in 2017 was below the MDC, supporting the conclusion of no detectable impact on ocean bottom sediments from SONGS. Table 32 - Ocean Bottom Sediment Concentration Mn-54 PreOp 0.015 - 0.49 0. 129 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.013-1 .160 0.199 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.014-8.100 0.788 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp < LLD - 0.020 < LLD < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.014 - 0.090 0.039 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ce-144 PreOp 0.060 - 0.260 0.160 < LLD < LLD Ooerational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Ooerational c < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Page 172
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR NOTES: a Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 - December 2017 b LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B c During 2017, all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were< LLD H. Marine Species (Flesh) Non-migratory marine species are collected semi-annually near SONGS. As a norm, marine species caught by the SONGS outfalls and from Laguna Beach include various species of adult fish, crustacean and mollusks. Upon collection the flesh portion is analyzed for gamma-emitting radion uclides as specified in the ODCM . The results are subsequently reported as pCi/g, wet weight. Results for several marine species for both the preoperational and 2017 operational periods for Units 2/3 are summarized in Table 33. The marine species used for purposes of comparison include: Sheephead (a fish), Blacksmith (a fish) , Black Perch (a fish), Bay Mussel (a mollusk), and Spiny Lobster (a crustacean). Radionuclides analyzed but not included in Table 33 were below the lower limits of detection for both the preoperational and operational periods . During the 2017 operational period, no SONGS related radionuclides were detected above the MDC. The data indicate no accumulation trends. The operation of SONGS in 2017 had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 33 - Marine Species Concentration Co-58 PreOp 0.016 - 0.030 0.023 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.005 - 0.044 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp < LLD - 0.004 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.004 - 0.018 0.007 0.005 - 0.012 0.007 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.009-0.011 0.010 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.004-0 .045 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ag-110m PreOp 0.002-0 .009 0.006 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.003-0 .015 0.008 0.004-0.014 0.009 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Page 173
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR All other SONGS Mn-54 PreOp 0.009 - 0.025 0.017 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.008 - 0.080 0.028 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.005 - 0.400 0.077 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.003 - 0.006 0.004 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Ru-103 PreOp < LLD - 0.045 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radion uclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-58 PreOp 0.007 - 0.270 0.086 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.014 - 0.210 0.060 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Cs-137 PreOp 0.005 - 0.011 0.008 0.040 - 0.015 0.008 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD NOTES: a Preoperational period is January 1979 - July 1982. Operational period is January 2017 - December 2017 b LLD for operational data are listed in Appendix B C During 2017 , all station related radionuclides from all sample locations were < LLD d Species collected in 2017 include California Mussel , Sheephead , Kelp Bass, Keyhole Limpet and Spiny Lobster I. Local Crops In the preoperational period of January 1979 through July 1982, Sr-90 was detected in the control samples of kale, parsley, and squash. Naturally occurring K-40 was detected in cucumber, kale, and tomato samples from the indicator and control locations. Ce-144 and Zr-95 were detected in one sample of parsley at the control location at concentrations of 0.12 and 0.09 pCi/g, wet weight respectively. During 2017, only natural radionuclides were identified in local crops , at both the indicator and control locations . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Page 174
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR J. Soil A comparison of operational and preoperational data does not reveal any accumulation pattern of SONGS related isotopes in soil. The intermittent detection of Cs-137 in both indicator and control locations is due to residual fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing . The operation of SONGS had no impact on the environment as measured by this exposure pathway. Table 34 - Soil Concentration I 'i V..) .. . . , . ,,, " ~ . . ., ... Sr-90 PreOp 0.02 - 0.08 0.044 < LLD - 0.03 < LLD Operational N/A N/A N/A N/A Cs-137 PreOp 0.02 - 0.20 0.096 < LLD - 0.06 < 0.10 Operational <LLD - 0.17 0.17 <LLD-0 .193 0.117 All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD K. Kelp Kelp is collected semiannually from three indicator locations and from a control location situated at Salt Creek. After collection , the samples are analyzed by gamma-spectral analysis for naturally-occurring and SONGS-related radionuclides. To assess the impact of SONGS operations on kelp, preoperational data were compared to 2017 operational data in Table 35. Radionuclides detected during the preoperational period for SONGS include Mn-54, Co-60, Zr-95, 1-131 , and Cs-137 . During the 2017 operational period , 1-131 was detected in three indicator and one control sample. No other station related isotopes were detected in kelp samples during the 2017 operational period. Figure 10 shows a close correlation between indicator and control sample locations over an extended period of time. Although 1-131 activity has been detected in kelp since 1977, there is no evidence that the concentration of 1-131 or other station related radionuclides are a result of operations at SONGS. The presence of 1-131 in kelp is apparently due to the sewer release of medical administrations of radioisotopes , since it has been detected consistently in control as well as indicator locations. Since 1988 the concentration of 1-131, when detected, has typically been highest at the control locations. Page 175
APPENDIX D 2017 AREOR Table 35 - Kelp Concentration
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t '. I " ,. ' "~ 1 r ~... ' " .. ,,..,.,,j,.'.._,,;;.,* _.,J 11..t.. u,,~ ; f...k-k.;. "~Ji,,,,,&.;,;. 1b<Jn"'., :~/. ,-;::. ~f,,;r;t-J.::<,az-1 "' * ';;.Ji;' :.,,} Mn-54 PreOp < LLD - 0.005 < LLD < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Co-60 PreOp 0.006 - 0.009 0.008 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD Zr(Nb)-95 PreOp 0.014 - 0.090 0.046 0.018 - 0.053 0.036 Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD 1-131 PreOp 0.006 - 0.024 0.013 0.008 - 0.030 0.014 Operational 0.084 - 0.133 0.113 0.081 - 0.081 0.081 Cs-137 PreOp 0.004 - 0.071 0.027 < LLD < LLD Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD All other SONGS PreOp < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD radionuclides Operational < LLD < LLD < LLD < LLD The 1-131 results in 2017 are much higher than found during the preoperational program . However, all of the positive results were from the April 2017 sampling and were found in both indicator and control sample locations. No 1-131 was detected during the October 2017 sampling. These data, along with there no longer being a viable production mechanism for 1-131 at SONGS, support the conclusion that the detection of 1-131 in kelp is due to factors external to SONGS. Page 176
2017 AREOR APPENDIX E. DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS IN 2017 Page 177
APPENDIX E 2017 AREOR DEVIATIONS FROM ODCM SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS Deviations from the ODCM sampling requirements are identified below in accordance with section 5.0 of the ODCM . The performance standard for environmental data collection of 95% was met for all sample types. During 2017, the ODCM specified a priori LLD was achieved for all REMP samples. Deviations from the ODCM were associated with external factors not within the control of REMP personnel such as limited availability of marine samples at the locations specified in the ODCM . The 2017 ODCM deviations had no meaningful impact on the REMP database and did not compromise the validity of the reported conclusions. A. Direct Radiation Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs)
- 1. During the 2017 1st quarter TLD change out on 4/5/2017, it was identified that TLD #46 (South State Parks Beach Trail #1) had the bottom of the TLD canister broken off (vandalism) and the TLD was missing. A new TLD canister and the 2nd quarter TLD was re-established at the location . This resulted in a total of 195 direct radiation samples on Table 14 instead of 196 samples.
- 2. Collection of three (3) TLDs located on Camp Pendleton was delayed for the second quarter due to denial of access from Range Control. TLDs are normally collected between April 1 and 10, however they were collected on April 18 (AR 0317-39889).
B. Air Sampling At SONGS, there are a total of 7 Indicator and 1 Control Air Samplers. Downtime for each air sampler in 2017 was due to weekly sample collection , annual Preventative Maintenance (PM) , and the change outs for the flow meters/pumps was approximately 46 minutes for each sampler. Weekly Change Out: 0.5 minutes (approx.) x 52 = 26 minutes Annual PM 15 minutes (approx.) Annual Flow meter/Pump change out 5 minutes (approx.) Downtimes in excess of 1 hour are addressed below for each ODCM required air sample.
- 1) Air Sampler #13 (Camp Pendleton). On February 21 , 2017, Camp Pendleton schedulers cancelled our access into Alpha-2 Training Area due to hazardous conditions created by rain storm on February 17, 2017. The roads in the area were impacted by flash flood conditions . The air sample was changed out on February 28, 2017 and analyzed. This resulted in one 14-day sample instead of two separate 7-day sample periods as required by the ODCM (AR# 0217-28430). Thus the total number of REMP air particulate samples listed on Table 14 was reduced to 415 samples for 2017.
- 2) On June 20, 2017, the air sampler pump failed after 95 hours of sample collection.
The samples were collected and analyzed . There was no detectable licensed plant material on sample's media (AR 0617-23286).
- 3) On November 26 , 2017 Air Sampler #13 was out of service from approximately 0138 to 0518, due to a power outage at the MESA.
- 4) On November 28, 2017 Air Sampler #13 was out of service from approximately 1202-1400, due to a power outage at the MESA.
In all these events, the Radiological Effluent and Environmental Specialist reviewed previous and post event's data to verify that all ODCM LLDs were met. C. Ocean Water Sampling No deviations were observed Page 178
APPENDIX E 2017 AREOR D. Drinking Water No deviations were observed E. Shoreline Sediments No deviations were observed F. Ocean Bottom Sediments No deviations were observed G. Marine Species (Flesh) No deviations were observed H. Local Crops No deviations were observed I. Soil No deviations were observed J. Kelp No deviations were observed Page 179
2017 AREOR APPENDIX F. LAND USE CENSUS Page I 80
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Introduction The regulatory basis for conducting a Land Use Census (LUC) is identified in 10CFR50, Appendix I, Sec IV.B.3. The purpose of the LUC is to "identify changes in the use of unrestricted areas and to permit modifications in monitoring program for evaluating doses to individuals from principle pathways of exposure. " 1 In addition, Regulatory Guide 4.15, Rev. 1, section C3 address that "written procedures should be prepared , reviewed, and approved for activities involved in carrying out the monitoring program. " The 2017 LUC was conducted to comply with the surveillance requirement as defined in the Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM) Section 5.2. The current Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Procedure S0123-IX-1 .20, Land Use Census, establishes the method of documenting and verifying land use results obtained in compliance to San Onofre's Technical Specifications and ODCM. Executive Summary The land area around San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) is not subject to significant change due to the nature of the land uses. The area around SONGS is divided into sixteen (16) geographical sectors . The Pacific Ocean and United States Marine Corps (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton comprise 13 of the 16 sectors surrounding SONGS. The City of San Clemente (a mature municipal area) and coastline comprise the remaining three sectors. Therefore, the characteristics of the local land area substantially inhibit significant land use changes. Definition of Uses Residence is defined as any structure (single-family house, apartment, mobile home, barracks or sim ilar unit) that is occupied by an individual(s) or resident(s) for three months or longer in a given year. Other Specified Use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population as other than their primary residence. The use is divided into two categories : employment and non-employment related . Employment use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population engaged in normal work activities regardless of the length of time spent at the location, and regardless of its permanence, including concession stands, restaurants , campground hosts, markets and guard shacks. Non-employment-related use is defined as a location occupied by members of the general population who are not engaged in normal work activities, including campgrounds, temporary housing, time-share condominiums, motels, hotels, schools and beaches. Milk animals are cows, goats, and sheep whose milk is used in dairy products for human consumption. Meat animals include, but are not limited to, deer, cattle , goats and sheep whose meat is used for human consumption . 1 10 CFR 50 Appendix I, Section IV, B.3 Page I 81
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Fresh, leafy vegetables include, but are not limited to , lettuce, cabbage and spinach . Fleshy vegetables include, but are not limited to, tomatoes, cucumbers, cauliflower and sweet corn. The Land Use Census Scope The land area around SONGS includes both Orange and San Diego counties . The Orange County portion includes a portion of the city of San Clemente (official population as of July 2016 is 65 ,309 per the city's demographics and statistical information website) and the San Clemente State Park. The San Diego County portion includes much of the (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton , San Onofre State Beach and Park, and SONGS itself. The LUC map is divided into 16 geographical sectors: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q and R. The ODCM surveillance requirement is performed by identifying the location of the nearest garden greater than 500 square feet, nearest milk animals , nearest residence , and other identified land uses in each of the sixteen (16) geographical sectors within a distance of five (5) miles from San Onofre Units 2 and 3. In addition , the Land Use Census aids in detecting changes in the presence of hazardous manufacturing and handling facilities within the five (5) mile radius. The methodology consists of reviewing data from the previous LUC reports and verifying if any information has changed. The LUC is conducted and updated at least once per 12 months between the dates of June 1st and October 1st. Also, non-residential usage such as fire stations , surf camps and other potential pathways of exposure to an individual are identified due to the fact that these usages are closer to full time residence based on information provided by the appropriate point of contact or agency. Sectors A, B, C, D, E, and F include land within the boundaries of (USMC) Base Camp Pendleton. The study area in sector G includes the area along the coast south of SONGS. Sectors H, J, K, L, M, and N are the Pacific Ocean , therefore no land use possible. Sectors P, Q, and R include a section of San Clemente and part of Camp Pendleton . Research Methodology Completion of the 2017 SONGS Land Use Census required conversations with agencies , organ izations, individuals and field research. The Radiological Effluent and Environmental Specialist reviewed the previous 2016 LUC and associated documentation spreadsheet. Then the data was verified . If changes occurred , then changes were reflected in this Land Use Census . This was accomplished by contacting the point of contact for the appropriate agency, organ ization, or military base whom possessed knowledge on the land usage. The following agencies and organizations were contacted or additional information was researched through their respective websites :
- California Highway Patrol
- Orange County Agricultural
- State of California Department of Parks and Recreation , including San Onofre State Beach
- United States Border Patrol
- USMC Base , Camp Pendleton
- City of San Clemente In cases where it was deemed appropriate, letters requesting information were sent to residents that in the past Land Use Census have identified gardens 500 square feet or greater. The Page I 82
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR United States Border Patrol did not respond to our inquiries due to national security so an "estimated hours of occupancy" value of 2400 hours was utilized. It was determined that military personnel would have complete control over the land uses within their jurisdiction . Communication provided by the point of contacts from Camp Pendleton and State Parks was considered final. Agency contact and documentation were completed in compliance with the Land Use Census procedure. Field Research During and after the completion of the preliminary research , field research was undertaken to confirm initial find ings and obtain further information necessary to complete the Land Use Census. Field research was initiated in mid-August 2017. Data and Methodology Summary The appropriate individual or organization was identified for each existing and new LUC location. The individual or organization was contacted to determine the use and occupancy for that location . For each LUC location , the appropriate individual was asked to provide an estimate of annual occupancy based on personal knowledge of the location . The information gathered is summarized in Table 1. Additional information , not requ ired by the ODCM , has been included in Table 2 for historical trending purposes. Documentation Spreadsheet Throughout the study, records of contacts and findings were maintained in accordance with the Land Use Census Procedure, S0123-IX-1 .20. A documentation spreadsheet was prepared and retained in the Rad iological Effluents and Environmental files . The spreadsheet may have telephone notes, agency contacts, Southern California Edison (SCE ) memoranda, and any other types of correspondence . 2017 Land Use Census Observations and Changes The follow observations were noted :
- Historically, several gardens have been identified on Avendia Salvador and documented in the Land Use Census. A drive by was conducted and the following was observed :
o Only a plot of land existed with an absence of a garden at 788 Avend ia Salvador. Its designation was G-17. Since this plot of land has no garden , letters were sent to the owners at 786 Avendia Salvador and 790 Avendia Salvador addresses to verify any potential gardens. o The owner at 786 Avendia Salvador in San Clemente located in Sector R, stated that a garden existed on the property. The newly identified garden was given the designation G-19. o The owner at 790 Avendia Salvador stated that a garden no longer existed . This garden was given the designation G-20.
- The SONGS indicator garden was relocated to a location near Air Sampler #11 in order to return a portion of the MESA to the Department of the Navy. (from 0.4 miles NNW to 0.7 miles NNW).
- The sewage treatment plant that is northeast of the Mesa property was being upgraded with new storage tanks and equ ipment. Per the Camp Pendleton contact, this will not be manned continuously. The sewage treatment plant workers are required to check in on the facility 3 to 4 times a day.
Page 183
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Chemical and Toxic Waste The presence of manufacturing facilities , chemical plants, and toxic waste sites was researched to provide information in detecting any hazardous chemicals , which could impede the operation of SONGS through fire, explosion, or chemical spills. Some manufacturing is located in the northeastern section of the city of San Clemente and is outside the study area. No such uses are allowed to exist in the commercial and residential areas of the city of San Clemente within the study area. In Camp Pendleton, there are no designated manufacturing or chemical use areas within the 5 mile radius of the plant based conversation with Camp Pendleton 's Director of Community Plans and Liaison Office. Milk Animals No dairies or other facilities producing milk for human consumption were identified in 2017. Meat Animals No agricultural meat animals were identified during the 2017 LUC. The only known meat animal pathway land uses is recreational hunting . Deer graze year round on Camp Pendleton. Growing Season for fleshy and leafy vegetables Leafy vegetable samples are available at the SONGS garden year round. Fleshy and leafy vegetables were available approximately eight months during 2017 at the SONGS garden. Desalination Plant in Carlsbad, California The Carlsbad desalination plant ( officially known as the Claude "Bud" Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant) opened on December 14, 2015. The plant is 27 miles south of SONGS. It is located on the coast adjacent to the north end of the Encina Power Station. The plant produces approximately 50 million gallons of water per day. It is the largest and most technologically advanced desalination plant in the Western Hemisphere. The plant produces enough water to meet the daily needs of 300,000 San Diego residents Summary of Changes For the period of July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2017, the Camp Pendleton deer hunting take data was updated and reflected in Table 3. Per the USMC wildlife biologist, the exact location of a particular kill was not known . The reported take area should be interpreted as an estimate of approximate location. Thus a deer reported taken in hunting area Alpha 2 may actually have been taken in an adjacent hunting area (such as Romeo 3 or Bravo 3). There were no changes to the estimated distances from SONGS to the nearest vegetation potentially consumed by deer from July 1, 2016 through June 30, 2017. Page I 84
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Distances to nearest vegetation typically consumed by deer: Distance from Units 2/3 Units 2/3 Sector (miles) p 0.3 Q 0.3 R 0.2 A 0.1 B 0.1 C 0.1 D 0.1 E 0.2 F 0.3 G 0.1 Page I 85
APPENDIX F 201 7 AREOR Table 1 - SONGS 20 17 Land Use Census
!~ -0 :E, i,'
C:
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'j _g; 8
- , )( :, Miles from Miles from
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.c0 "~' o8 Sector LUC# Residence U2/3 LUC# Gardens U2/3 LUC# Other Specified Uses U2/3 A R-A1 Camp San Mateo 3.6 FTR 0-8 Camp San Mateo Motor Pool 3.6 2,000 22 SCE Land Uses 0.4 B 0-9 USMC CP Sanitary Land Fill 2.1 816 C R-C2 Camp San Onofre Fire Station #7 52 Area 2.4 FTR 0-10 Camp San Onofre (STP #11 } 2.2 2,000 R-C1 Camp san Onofre Barracks 524101 2.8 FTR R-C3 Camp San Onofre Barracks 2.6 FTR D R-D1 Camp San Onofre Barracks 3.0 FTR E R-E1 Camp Homo Barracks 4.1 FT R 0 -5 Cam p Homo Motor Pool 4.0 2,500 F 0 -1 San Onofre State Beach Guard Shack 0.8 1,500 31A Border Patrol Checkpoint (NB) 1.9 2,400*
318 Hwy Patrol W eigh Station (NB) 2.1 1,960 San Onofre State Park-campsite s#99-104 G R-G1- 3.0 FTR 0-2 San Onofre Beach Campground 1.8 720 2 Camo Host Volunteers over 18 yrs. 32 Hwv Patrol Weioh Station (S Bl 2.1 1,960 Endless Summer Surf Camp (see notes) I 0 -2A 2.8 4,380 Campground Host 0-2B YMCA Surf Camp (see notes) 2 576 Sectors H, J, K, L, M, and N have no identified land uses These sectors are primarily the Pacific Ocean and contain only a small portion of the plant site, and a beach walkway providing access for state beach park users north & south of SONGS . p R-P3 San Onofre Rec Beach (SORB) 1 FTR G-3 4130 Calle Isabella 2.8 0-6 Surf Beach (Lifeouardl 0.5 800 R-P2 San Mateo Point housing 2.7 FTR G-14 4090 Calle Isabella 2.9 3 Trestles Beach Lookout tower 1.8 500 R-P1 Cotton point Estates 2.7 FTR 0-2 D Summer Sou l Surf Cam p 0.5 440 Q R-Q5 SORB Resident Employee 1.1 FTR G-8 2240 Ave Salvador 4.1 0-3 State Park Office Trailer 0.69 2,000 R-Q2 San Onofre Il l housing 1.4 FTR G-5 1706 S Ola Vista 4.4 5 Surf Beach Guard Shack 0.7 1,500 R-Q3 San Mateo Point Housinq 2.7 FTR G-15 130 Calle del Pacifico 4 18 SORB Lifequard Tower 1.2 2,000 G-18 115 Ave San Pablo 4.1 1A SORB Camporound Check-in 1.3 2,000 R R-R1 San Onofre Ill housinq 1.3 FTR G-10 SO NGS Garden 0.4 G-19 788 Ave Salvador 4.9 Bold Text indicates a change from the 2016 LUC Data as of 9-30-2017 FTR - Full Time Residence Page 186
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 2
~-Eg
-g _ E g Units Miles coo E[ Miles Miles ro o E~
2/3 from E ~ *-:, from from ~ ~ *~ 8 Sector LUC# Residence U2/3
~ ::J w _g 5
~
o8 LUC# Gardens U2/3 LUC# Other Specified Uses U2/3 ,\4 :2 s n A R-A2 SON GS Camp Mesa 0.4 FTR 24 Cristianitos Fire Station 5 3,984 B C D E F G G-6 1315 S Ola Vista 4.6 0-2C SurfCamp.com State Beach Surf Camp 2.3 did not occupv San Onofre Park in 2012 Sectors H, J, K, L, M and N have no identified land uses. These sectors are primarily the Pacific Ocean and contain only a small portion of the plant site, and a beach walkway provid ing access for state beach park users north & south of SONGS. p Contractor overnight parking R-P5 0.6 1040 in Lot 4 SORB Clubhouse (permanently closed Q 11 State Parks Ma in Offices 3.5 FTR 14 3 W San Anton io 4.3 7 per USMC) 16 147 W Junipero : 4.1 B USMC Exchanoe & Commissarv 1.7 2,000 G-6 1315 S Ola Vista 4.6 9 Basilone Road USMC Entrv Gate 2 520 G-16 432 Ave Crespi 3.8 12 San Mateo Campground 2.9 4,380 17 Beach Concession (Pier Shack and Grill) 4.5 2,600 13 Beach Concession (Califia Beach Cafe) 3.9 1,200 788 Ave. Salvador R 20 Sea Ridge Estates 4.5 FTR G-17 4.9 19 Camp San Mateo (STP#12) 3.7 2,000
!This is an emptv lotl R-R3 SONGS Drv Camping PL 12 0.7 2136 G-20 790 Ave. Salvador 4.9 21 Cristianitos USMC Entry Gate 4.1 520 SONGS Camp Mesa (See R- R2 0.4 FTR 23 Cristianitos USMC Gas Station 4.1 2,000 notes for Table 1)
Bold Text indicates a change from the 2016 LUC. Data as of 9-30-2017 FTR - Full Time Residence Page 187
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR NOTES FOR TABLES 1 AND 2 RESIDENCES LUC# Description R-A1 CAMP SAN MATEO (barracks)-This is an employment and an FTR land use location for persons 17 and older. R-A2, CAMP MESA-Former FTR and is permanently closed. R-R2 R-C2 CAMP SAN ONOFRE FIRE STATION-This is an employment and FTR land use location for persons 18 and older R-C1 , CAMP SAN ONOFRE (barracks)-This is an employment and FTR land use locations for R-C3, persons 17 and older R-D1 R-E1 CAMP HORNO (barracks)-This is an employment and a FTR land use location for persons 17 and older R-G1 San Onofre State Park- (2) Camp Host Volunteers live FTR at campsites #99-104. R-P1 COTTON POINT ESTATES-This is a FTR for all age groups R-P2, SAN MATEO POINT HOUSING-This is a FTR for all age groups R-03 R-02, SAN ONOFRE Ill housing-This permanent housing development is a FTR for all age groups R-R1 R-P3, SAN ONOFRE RECREATION BEACH (SORB)-This is a FTR for SORB employees and R-05 campground hosts (age 18 & over). This is also a non-employment land use location (camping) for all age groups . A person or family may camp at SORB for a maximum of 60 days per calendar year VEGETABLE GARDENS Historically, several gardens have been identified on Avendia Salvador and documented in the Land Use Census. A drive by was conducted and the following was observed:
- Only a plot of land existed with an absence of a garden at 788 Avendia Salvador. Its designation was G-17. Since this plot of land has no garden, letters were sent to the owners at 786 Avendia Salvador and 790 Avendia Salvador addresses to verify any potential gardens.
- The owner at 786 Avendia Salvador in San Clemente located in Sector R, stated that a garden existed on the property. The newly identified garden was given the designation G-19.
- The owner at 790 Avendia Salvador stated that a garden no longer existed. This garden was given the designation G-20.
Based on the updated information, Figure 4 was revised to reflect the current active gardens. Page 188
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR OTHER LUC LOCATIONS CLOSER THAN THE CLOSEST RESIDENCE LUC# Description 0-1 SAN ONOFRE STATE BEACH GUARD SHACK-this is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0-2 SAN ONOFRE BEACH CAMPGROUND-This is a non-employment (recreational) and use location for all age groups . 0 -2A ENDLESS SUMMER SURF CAMP/CAMPGROUND HOST-The Endless summer Surf Camp and the State Parks Campground host are located in spaces 100 to 103. The maximum occupancy for persons age 18 and older is 4380 hours . The maximum occupancy for persons 17 and younger is 360 hours . This is both an employment and a non-employment land use location . 0 -2B YMCA Surf Camp 0-2C Summer Soul Surf Camp- Summer Soul Surf Camp is a day camp that takes place at Dog Patch beach in San Onofre Beach. The maximum occupancy for persons age 18 and older is 440 hours. The maximum occupancy for 17 and younger is 40 hours . 0-3 STATE PARK OFF ICE TRAILER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0 -5 CAMP HORNO MOTOR POOL-This is an employment land use location for persons 17 and older. 0 -6 SURF BEACH (LIFEGUARD)-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0-8 CAMP SAN MATEO MOTOR POOL-This is an employment land use location for persons 17 and older. 0-9 USMC CP SANITARY LANDFILL-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 0 -10 CAMP SAN ONOFRE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (STP #11 )-Th is is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. R-C2 SAN ONOFRE FIRE STATION #7 52 AREA-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 1A SORB CAMPGROUND CHECKIN-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 3 TRESTLES BEACH LOOKOUT TOWER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 5 SURF BEACH GUARD SHACK-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 18 SORB LIFEGUARD TOWER-This is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 22 SCE Land Uses-Are occupied by unmonitored SCE workers 31A BORDER PATROL CHECKPOINT-Th is is an employment land use location for persons 18 and older. 31B HIGHWAY PATROL WEIGH STATIONS-These are employment land use locations for 32 persons 18 and older Page I 89
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 2 Notes: Table 2 locations are not mapped. The garden land uses listed in Table 2 do not exist (LUC
- 14 and LUC #16 gardens have been paved over and are no longer able to support vegetation growth). LUC G-6 and G-16 no longer have gardens on property. SONGS Camp Mesa is no longer a residence and is permanently closed. The "other specified uses" locations listed in Table 2 are further away from the midpoint of Units 2/3 that is closest to the full time residence (all age groups) in the corresponding sector. The residences listed in Table 2 are not the closest full time residence in the corresponding sector. The Table 2 locations have been retained for historical trending purposes and are not required by the ODCM. A review of the business need to continue including these locations was closed in March 2013 because these locations were used to track locations that in the past were input for R(i) tables' calculations and they need to remain in the LUC. Refer to NN (Nuclear Notification) 202232049. R-P5Contract Worker in Parking Lot 4-This was a 6 month residence for a contract worker that slept in personal vehicle in between shifts until 4/1/2013 (NN 202649118). This is an inactive residence .
Page I 90
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Table 3 - Camp Pendleton Hunting Take Data. July 1, 2016-June 30, 2017 Deer Hunter Sm Game Hunter Area Effort Effort Deer Coyote Dove Quail Rabbit Sauirrel Pigeon Hours Hours Alpha-1 B(3),C(3.2) 227 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alpha-2 E(0.8) ,D(0.8},C(3) 93 25 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alpha-3 0(2.2) 60 320 0 0 0 23 11 6 0 Bravo-2 8(3.8) , A(4.2) 77 145 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 Bravo-3 B(1 .6},A(1 .8} ,R( 1.8) 60 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Romeo-1 E(1) 29 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Romeo-2 E(2.6) 99 28 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 Romeo-3 E(1.4}, F(1 .5) 88 52 3 0 0 4 0 0 0 Papa-2 & Tango F(5) 55 36 3 0 0 0 4 4 0 Totals 788 653 15 0 0 28 17 10 0
- 1. The total hunting hou rs includes time attributable to multiple individuals. Th is value bounds the maximally exposed individual.
Page I 91
APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR 2014 II.and Use C,ens.us la.nd IJMS 4 ~ o n a l & Recrnlional U-0 Unit& 2'J3 Miq)oint
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Figure2 2016 Land Us@ CGnsus RP.s irl1mr.P_~
- Residenc~
o Units 213 Midpoint 5,0!D 0 5,000
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR 5.mile radius...._ Figure 4 2017 Land Use Census Gardens
- Gardens Greater than 500 SQ. ft.
0 Units 2/J Midpoint 0 0 .5 Miles
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APPENDIX F 2017 AREOR Figure 5 2014 Land Use Census Other Uses 0 Units 2/3 Midpoint
- other Speafied Uses 0 0.5 Milas F"8 Na"'° 2014LUC_F,gu<e5_00,...__ ""d Dote Th..-Y, S,,,,00,.- 2~ 2014 F.... , . . ~ he<- ... pion<w,g - " " " " " " ' ond
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20 17 AREOR APPENDIX G. ERRATA TO PREVIOUS AREORs Page I 96
Appendix G 2017 AREOR The 2016 AREOR text references incorrect number of cross check samples and an incorrect acceptance rate . Per the 2016 Annual Environmental Quality Assurance (QA) Report, GEL performed 501 individual cross check analyses representative of samples analyzed for SONGS. The accuracy of each result reported to Eckert & Ziegler Analytics , Inc. is measured by the ratio of GEL's result to the known value. Over 98% of the cross-check sample results were acceptable, which satisfies GEL's QA criteria . Page 197
2017 AREOR APPENDIX H. CDPH CO-LOCATED TLDs Page 198
Appendix H 2017 AREOR CDPH TLDs CO-LOCATED W ITH REMP TLDs DURING 2017 California Department of Public Health (CDPH) maintains a TLD program in the environs of SONGS. Per DPH (Department of Public Health) request, the results of CDPH dosimeters that are co-located with SONGS dosimeters are reported below. Table 36. 2017 Data from REMP TLDs (mR/ standard quarter) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Location Number Location Name Qtr. Qtr. Qtr. Qtr. SCE-1, NRC-7, DPH #2 City of San Clemente 11 7 15 N/A SCE-2, NRC -23, DPH #8 Camp San Mateo 13 9 16 11 SCE-3, NRC -19, DPH #9 Camp San Onofre 10 8 12 10 Old El Camino Real (Old SCE-6, DPH #10 4 3 5 3 Highway 101) (ESE) Bluff (Adjacent to PIC #1) (San SCE-10, NRC-12, DPH #6 13 6 14 8 Onofre Surfing Beach) Former US Coast Guard Station SCE-22, NRC 11 , DPH #4 14 10 14 11
- San Mateo Point SCE-34, NRC -14, DPH #5 San Onofre Elementary School 8 10 12 9 SCE-50, NRC 32, DPH #13 Oceanside Fire Station 9 9 12 9 Note: Requirements in the standard Technical Specifications (TS) adopted under the TS Improvement Program include reporting results of TLDs that are co-located with NRC dosimeters. The NRC dosimeters were exchanged by the CDPH under contract with the NRC. This contract expired in December 1997 and the NRC TLDs were no longer being deployed around SONGS. See Appendix I of the "1997 Radiological Environmental Operating Report", April, 1998 The CDPH TLD results confirm that SONGS does not have a significant impact on direct radiation exposures in the environment.
Page 199
2017 AREOR APPENDIX I. ISFSI TLD DATA Page 1100
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Summary Per 10 CFR 72.126, SONGS implemented an area monitoring TLD program in the vicinity of the ISFSI. In the fourth quarter of 2001, 21 pre-operational TLDs were deployed in the area around the ISFSI foundation then under construction . This pre-operational TLD data are compared to the data obtained after the commencement of used fuel storage in the ISFSI for the purposes of estimating the additional exposure attributable to the operation of the ISFSI. An evaluation of the entire REMP TLD database yielded an estimated background exposure rate of approximately 15 mR/std. quarter (91 days). However, some local variability within the CAB / EAB is to be attributable to factors external to SONGS. Another variable for the measured exposure rate is transit exposure to and from the TLD lab. The transit exposure is variable and is corrected by the lab. Therefore, a comparison of pre-operational data and operational data needs to be considered in conjunction with a comparison of ISFSI TLD data and the estimated baseline background exposure rate within the EAB. Environmental exposure rates are variable and small changes in TLD location can measurably change the data. SONGS REMP TLD data show an environmental seasonal variability that does not appear to be related to any activities at SONGS. The ISFSI TLD data gathered to date appears to follow a similar seasonal variability (Figure 14). In addition to environmental factors, some non-lSFSI work activities at Unit 1 have elevated the pre-operational measured ISFSI TLD exposure. The storage and transport of radioactive materials and waste near the location of the ISFSI foundation area in 2001 and 2002 appears to have elevated the exposure rates of TLDs 306 to 315. In addition, the movement of the Unit 1 reactor vessel in October 2002 caused a noticeable increase in the measured exposure for TLDs 301 to 315. The measured exposure rate for the ISFSI TLDs close to the ISFSI is consistent with the exposure rate expected from known radiological work activities. The elevated exposure rate from TLDs 301, 302, 303, 304, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327 and 328 is primarily due to the movement and storage of used fuel at the ISFSI. In the second quarter of 2011 additional TLDs 327 and 328 were placed along the fence on the southwest side of the ISFSI. These TLDs routinely have the highest measured doses, as they did in 2017. These locations, however, are not accessible to members of the public. Publicly accessible REMP TLDs include SCE-55, SCE-56 and SCE-57. Only SCE-55 (San Onofre State Beach) recorded measurable dose, at approximately 14 mrem/yr. In 2016, additional ISFSI TLD locations were added immediately along the fence and seawall south and west of the ISFSI: Locations SCE-339, 340, 341, 342 , 343 and 344 (see Figure 13). Starting in the fourth quarter 2010 neutron dosimeters were placed in ISFSI TLD canisters 311, 324, 325, and 326. In the second quarter 2011 neutron dosimeters were also placed adjacent to TLDs 327 and 328. Beginning in the 4th quarter of 2016, neutron TLDs were co-located with locations SCE-339 through SCE-343. The neutron TLDs were added to obtain neutron information prior to the off load of spent fuel from Units 2 and 3. The 201 7 neutron TLDs identified measurable levels of neutron radiation from spent fuel in storage. A dose equivalent conversion factor for the TLD neutron signal of 10.5 mrem/mR neutron has been applied, based on a similar ISFSI facility at another site. It is being applied to the SONGS TLD results only to provide an estimate of the neutron dose equivalent being measured. The neutron dose is not significant, and has been included in the quarterly results for these locations in Table 37 . Page I 101
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Neutron exposure during fuel transfer is measurable at the fence surrounding the storage facility at low levels, estimated to be less than 3 mrem per quarter. These measurements demonstrate that the neutron exposure is bounded by the projected neutron dose rates in calculation SCE-23-0508, is well within the limits specified in 10CFR72.104 (0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to the whole body, 0.75 mSv (75 mrem) to the thyroid and 0.25 mSv (25 mrem) to any other critical organ, and is consistent with known ISFSI rad iological conditions . The measured ISFSI gamma TLD exposure rates were also determined to be consistent with the calculated ISFSI dose rates and known rad iological conditions . The results from all locations at the fence around the ISFSI pad show that a member of the public, if at those locations and adjusted for occupancy per SDS-RP1-PCD-1007, is less than 2 mrem per year, well below regulatory limits. Page 1102
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR Table 37. 20 17 ISFSI TLD Data 301 15.8 18.0 18.0 17.1 17.5 ND ND ND ND 70.6 ND ND 302 15.8 21 .1 21 .6 19.8 19.4 5.3 5.8 ND ND 81.9 18.9 1.1 303 15.8 21 .1 20.8 19. 7 20.5 5.4 5.0 ND ND 82.1 19.0 1.1 304 15.8 20.7 20.4 19.2 19.5 ND ND ND ND 79.8 16.7 1.0 306 15.8 21 .0 20.8 19.1 19.2 5.3 5.0 ND ND 80.2 17.1 1.0 307 15.8 17.5 16.6 15.4 15.4 ND ND ND ND 64.9 ND ND 308 15.8 19.4 19.3 17.6 18.4 ND ND ND ND 74.7 11 .6 0.7 309 15.8 19.9 20.4 18.9 18.2 ND ND ND ND 77.5 14.4 0.8 310 15.8 20.3 20.5 18.5 19.2 ND ND ND ND 78.4 15.3 0.9 311 ISFSl-01 c 15.8 19.5 20.1 18.5 17.8 ND ND ND ND 75.8 12.7 0.7 312 15.8 14.8 15.1 14.8 13.8 ND ND ND ND 58 .6 ND ND 314 15.8 19.4 20.0 19.6 18.8 ND ND ND ND 77.8 14.7 0.8 315 15.8 19.2 19.0 18.9 17.5 ND ND ND ND 74.6 11 .6 0.7 316 15.8 15.5 16.0 14.8 14.8 ND ND ND ND 61 .0 ND ND 317 15.8 16.0 16.5 15.0 15.1 ND ND ND ND 62.6 ND ND 318e 15.8 18.4 19.1 18.4 17.4 ND ND ND ND 73.2 10.1 0.6 319e 15.8 18.7 20.6 18.8 17.4 ND ND ND ND 75.6 12.6 0.7 320e 15.8 18.2 18.9 18.2 17.7 ND ND ND ND 73.0 ND ND 321 e 15.8 19.3 19.3 19.4 17.4 ND ND ND ND 75.4 12.3 0.7 322 15.8 16.8 18.4 17.1 16.3 ND ND ND ND 68.6 ND ND 323 15.8 20.3 20.1 19.4 19.0 ND ND ND ND 78.9 15.8 0.9 324 ISFSl-04c 15.8 23.9 25.0 23.1 21.7 8.1 9.2 7.3 5.9 93.7 30.6 1.7 325 ISFSl-03c 15.8 23.8 26.5 26.2 22.4 8.0 10.8 10.4 6.6 98.9 35.8 2.0 326 ISFSl-02c 15.8 24.7 22 .5 22.7 19.2 8.9 6.7 6.9 ND 89.1 26 .0 1.5 327 ISFSl-05c 15.8 43.4 48 .7 44 .5 49.2 27.6 32.9 28 .8 33.4 185.8 122.7 7.0 328 ISFS l-06c 15.8 44 .8 49.3 34.0 36.1 29.0 33.6 18.2 20.3 164.1 101 .0 5.8 339 ISFS l-08c 15.8 20.0 20.7 19.2 19.4 ND ND ND ND 79.2 16.2 0.9 340 ISFSl-09c 15.8 18.7 19.4 17.5 18.3 ND ND ND ND 73 .9 10.9 0.6 341 ISFSl-10c 15.8 19.7 21 .6 18.6 18.9 ND 5.8 ND ND 78.8 15.7 0.9 342 ISFSl-11 c 15.8 21 .3 21 .6 20.0 20.0 5.6 5.9 ND ND 83.0 19.9 1.1 Page I 103
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR
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- a. ISFSI TLDs are placed around the ISFSI pad , and not in locations accessible to the general public.
- b. Public dose is based on the individual location occupancy as specified in SDS-RP1-PCD-1007.
- c. Station includes neutron dose, estimated using a neutron signal (Rn) co nversion factor of 10.5*R,Jrem (HPSTID 08-015)
- d. 1.05 1 mrem/mR from ANSI N13.37-201 4, Section 3. 2.1
- e. T hese TLDs are publicly accessible.
Page 1104
APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR
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APPENDIX I 2017 AREOR ISFSI and REMP TLDs 30 25 20 CT
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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Figure 14 - ISFSI and REMP TLDs Page 1106
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APPENDIX J 20 17 AREOR APPENDIX J. OFFSITE GROUND WATER SAMPLING Page I 107
APPENDIX J 2017 AREOR Offsite Drinking Water Data All investigations have shown that there are no drinking water pathways at SONGS . Figure 15 below illustrates groundwater well locations along with the flow of the groundwater. The operation of SONGS had no impact on drinking water wells in the vicinity of SONGS . I S.Ctor P WNW SONGS Drinking Water Walls S.c-to.rH w ... helot M WSW SktOf'l: SW Figure 15 - Closest Drinking Water Wells Page 1108
2017 AREOR Glossary a posteriori After the fact a priori Before the fact ALARA As Low As is Reasonably Achievable means making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits in this part as is practical consistent with the purpose for which the licensed activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of nuclear energy and licensed materials in the public interest. Cosmogenic Radionuclides (or isotopes) created when a high-energy cosmic ray nuclides interacts with the nucleus of an atom . These isotopes are produced within Earth materials such as rocks or soil, in Earth's atmosphere, and in extraterrestrial items such as meteorites. Radioactive isotopes beryllium-? and beryllium-10 fall into this series of three light elements (lithium, beryllium, boron) formed mostly[citation needed] by cosmic ray spallation nucleosynthesis, both of these nuclides have half-lives too short for them to have been formed before the formation of the Solar System , and thus they cannot be primordial nuclides. Since the cosmic ray spallation route is the only possible source of beryllium-? and beryllium-10 occurrence naturally in the environment, they are therefore cosmogenic. Below is a list of radioisotopes formed by the action of cosmic rays in the atmosphere; the list also contains the production mode of the isotope. Isotope Mode of formation 3 H (tritium) 14N (n, 12C)3H 7 Be Spallation (N and 0) 10Be Spallation (N and 0) 11c Spallation (N and 0) 14c 14N (n, p) 14c 1aF 180 (p, n) 18 F and Spallation (Ar) 22Na Spallation (Ar) 24Na Spallation (Ar) 2aMg Spallation (Ar) 31 Si Spallation (Ar) 32Si Spallation (Ar) 32p Spallation (Ar) 34mc1 Spallation (Ar) 35S Spallation (Ar) 36CI 35 36 CI (n, y) CI 37Ar 37 CI (p, n) 37 Ar 3aCI Spallation (Ar) Page I 109
2017 AREOR 39Ar 38Ar (n , y) 39 Ar 39CI 40Ar (n , np) 39 CI & spallation (Ar) 41 Ar 40Ar (n , y) 41 Ar a1 Kr 8°Kr (n , y) 81 Kr Decay Series There are three naturally occurring decay series of heavy elements that transform into a series of various radioactive elements by releasing energy in the form of particles, (such as alpha or beta), and/or gamma rays to end in a stable form of non-radioactive Lead . All three decay series start with extremely long lived radioactive, heavy elements that can be measured in geologic time units. They are Uranium-238 with an approximate half-life of 4.5 billion years, Uranium -235 with a half-life of about 700 million years , and Thorium- 232 with a half-life of 14 billion years. All three series contain some more well-known radioactive species, Radium and Radon . Distinguishable from Detectable concentration of a radionuclide that is statistically different from background the background concentration of that radionuclide in the vicinity of the site or, in the case of structures, in similar materials using adequate measurement technology, survey, and statistical techniques. Dose The amount of radiation that is absorbed by a person's body. In the radiation field the term dose is sometimes used interchangeably with dose equivalent, which is defined as the rem and described below. fCi/m 3 acronym for a femto-curie per cubic meter, which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a particular air volume , such as a cubic meter. A curie , named after its discoverers Pierre and Marie Curie, is defined as the rate at which a radioactive element transforms itself into another element that is most often another radioactive element. It is mathematically equivalent to 37 billion disintegrations or transformations per second. A "femto" is a scientific prefix for an exponential term that is equivalent to one quadrillionth (1/1,000,000,000,000,000). Half-life A measure of how fast half the mass of a radioactive element will transform itself into another element. Each radioactive element has its own unique rate of transformation. Consequently, if a radioactive element, such as lodine-131 has a half-life of 8 days, then in 8 days half of the original amount of lodine-131 will be gone; in another 8 days half of that half will be left and so on . Gamma A scientific method used to analyze gamma rays emanating from Spectroscopy radioactive elements. The analytical system determines the gamma ray energy which acts as a "fingerprint" for specific radioactive materials. For example, Potassium-40 (K-40) has a very, distinctive gamma energy at 1460 keV. This uniqueness allows the instrument to positively identify the K-40 1460 energy as its own unique fingerprint. A keV is an abbreviation for kilo electron volt, which is a measure of energy at the atomic level. A kilo is a scientific prefix for the multiplier 1,000. Page 1110
2017 AREOR Gross Beta A simple screening technique employed to measure the total number of beta particles emanating from a potentially radioactive sample , with higher values usually indicating that the sample contains natural and/or man-made radioactive elements. High values would prompt further analyses to identify the radioactive species. A beta is a negatively charged particle that is emitted from the nucleus of an atom with a mass equal to that of an orbiting electron . Liquid Scintillation An analytical technique by which Tritium and many other radioactive contaminants in water are measured . A sample is placed in a special glass vial that already contains a special scintillation cocktail. The vial is sealed and the container vigorously shaken to create a homogeneous mix. When the tritium transforms or decays it emits a very low energy beta particle. The beta interacts with the scintillating medium and produces a light pulse that is counted by the instrument. Although a different scintillation cocktail is used , this is basically how radon in well water is measured . Millirem (mrem) one thousandth (1/1000) of a rem . milliRoentgen (mR) one thousandth (1/1000) of a Roentgen pCi/kg an acronym for a pico-curie per kilogram , which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a unit mass, such as a kilogram . A "pico" is a scientific prefix for an exponential term that is equivalent to one trillionth (1/1 ,000,000,000,000). pCi/L an acronym for a pico-curie per liter, which is a concentration unit that defines how much radioactivity is present in a unit volume, such as a liter. Rem an acronym for roentgen equivalent man. It is a conventional unit of dose equivalent that is based on how much of the radiation energy is absorbed by the body multiplied by a quality factor, which is a measure of the relative hazard of energy transfer by different particles , (alpha , beta, neutrons, protons, etc.), gamma rays or x-rays . In comparison the average natural background radiation dose equivalent to the United States population is estimated to be 292 millirems per year, or 0.8 millirem per day, with 68 % of that dose coming from radon . A millirem is one thousandth, (1/1000), of a rem. Roentgen a special unit of exposure named after the discoverer of X-Rays , Wilhelm Roentgen . It is a measure of how much ionization is produced in the air when it is bombarded with X-Rays or Gamma Rays. Ionization is described as the removal of an orbital electron from an atom . Skyshine is radiation from a radioactive source that bounces off air molecules in the sky, much like a cue ball does off the banking of a billiard table, and is scattered/redirected back down to the earth. Thermolu minescent very small plastic-like phosphors or crystals that are placed in a small plastic Dosimeters (TLD) cage and mounted on trees , posts, etc. to absorb any radiation that impinges on the material. Special readers are then used to heat the plastic to release the energy that was stored when the radiation was absorbed by the plastic. The energy released is in the form of invisible light and that light is counted by the TLD reader. The intensity of the light emitted from the crystals is directly proportional to the amount of radiation that the TLD Page 1111
2017 AREOR phosphor was exposed to. Site Area Boundary SONGS SAB is defined as that line beyond which the land is not owned, (SAB) leased , or otherwise controlled by the licensee; from ODCM definition. Tritium (Hydrogen-3 a special name given to the radioactive form of Hydrogen usually found in or H-3) nature. All radioactive elements are represented as a combination of their chemical symbol and their mass number. Therefore , Tritium, which is a heavy form of the Hydrogen molecule with one proton and two neutrons in the nucleus of its atom , is abbreviated and represented by its chemical symbol , H, for Hydrogen and 3 for the number of particles in its nucleus, or mass number. Similarly, other radioactive elements, such as Potassium-40, can be represented and abbreviated as K-40, and so on Page 1112}}