ML18065A096
| ML18065A096 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Palisades  |
| Issue date: | 08/29/1995 |
| From: | Hepler O Federal Emergency Management Agency |
| To: | Crutchfield D NRC (Affiliation Not Assigned) |
| Shared Package | |
| ML18065A097 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 9509220119 | |
| Download: ML18065A096 (86) | |
Text
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- f Gr.,
. Federal Emergency Management Agency
. r Washington, D.C. 20472 Mr. Dennis M. Crutchfield, Director Division of Reactor Program Manage~ent Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555
Dear Mr. Crutchfield:
- ~ 9 !995 Enclosed is a copy of the final exercise report for the May 17, 1994, plume exposure pathway exercise of the ofisite radiological emergency response plans site*specitic to the Palisades Nuclear Power Plant. The State of Michigan and -Benien County partially participated and Van Buren and Allegan Counties fully participated in this exercise; The Consumers. Power Company also participated. The final exercise report was prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Region V staff. A copy of this report will be provided to the State of Michigan by the FEMA Region V staff.
.. There were no Deficiencies identified during the May 17, 1994, exercise. There were,
_ ! -however, five Areas Requiring Corrective Action identified. FBMA Region V staff will monitor the status of corrective actions.
.., Based on the results of the May 17, 1994, exercise, the offsite radiological emergency
- response plans.*and preparedness for the State of Michigan and. the affected local
- , jurisdictions, site-specific to the Palisades Nuclear Power Plant, can be implemented and are adequate to pr_ovide reasonable assurance that appropriate measures can be taken offsite
,,. to protect the health and safety of the public in the event of a radiological emergency at the
' site. Therefore, the Title 44 CFR, Part 350, approval of the offsite radiological emergency
- response plans and preparedness for the State of Michigan and the local jurisdictions, site-
.i specific to the Palisades Nuclear Power Plant, granted on July 2, 1982, will remain in effect.
~:.
If you should have any questions, please contact Dr. Anne Marie T. SuPrise; Chief, State and Local Regulatory Evaluation and Assessment Branch, at (202) 646-4065.
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Enclosure Sincerely, tf.~~..!!['
- 0. MeSs flepler, ID Direcfor Exercises Division Preparedness, Training, and Exercises Directorate
RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS I
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EXERCISE EVALUATION REPORT FACILITY:
PALISADES NUCLEAR POWER PLANT LOCATION:
VAN BUREN COUNTY, NEAR SOUTH HA VEN, MICHIGAN EXERCISE DATE:
MAY 17, 1994.
DRAFT REPORT DA TE:
FINAL REPORT DA TE:
PARTICIPANTS:
DECEMBER 20, 1994 AUGUST 8, 1995 ST A TE OF MICHIGAN (Partial)
VAN BUREN COUNTY (Full)
ALLEGAN COUNTY (Full)
BERRIEN COUNTY (Partial)
CONSlThffiRSPOWERCOMPANY FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY REGION V PREPAREDNESS, TRAINING, AND EXERCISES DIVISION 175 WEST JACKSON BOULEY ARD CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604-3098 Prepared in accordance with 44 CFR 350 and NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-l, Revision I, November 1980
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.
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_J CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION~.................................... v I.
INTRODUCTION..............................................
1 A.
Exercise Background........................................
1 B.
State and Local Government Participation..........................
1 C.
Evaluators................................................
1 D.
Evaluation Criteria.. *........................................
1 E.
Exercise Objectives..... *.....................................
2 F.
Exercise Scenario....... :...................................
2 G.
State and Local Resources Activated During the Exercise..... *..........
2 H.
Previous Exercise Findings......................... *...........
4
- 1.
State of Michigan..................................... _....
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- 2.
Van Buren County.. :....................................
7
- 3.
Allegan County......................... :............. *....
8 II.
EXERCISE
SUMMARY
....................... *.................... 11 A.
General........ ~....... *................ :..,.............. 11 B.
Exercise Objective Status..................................... 11 C.
Out-of-Sequence Demonstrations................................ 12 D.
Post-Exercise Meeting........................................ 13 E.
Definitions................................................ 13
- m. NARRATIVE........ *................-.......................... 15 A.
. State of Michigan........................................... 15 B.
- Van Buren County........................................... 25 C.
Allegan County............................................ 37 D.
Berrien Ccmnty...... ;... *................................... 47 IV.
SUMMARY
LISTING OF EXERCISE FINDINGS........................ 55 A.
State of Michigan........................................... 55
- 1.
Deficiencies............................................ 55 *
- 2.
Areas Requiring Corrective Action............................ 55
- 3.
Areas Recommended for Improvement......................... 56 B.
Van Buren County.......................................... 57
- 1.
Deficiencies ' *................................. *........... 57
- 2.
Areas Requiring Corrective Action............................. 57
- 3.
Areas Recommended for Improvement......................... 57 m
CONTENTS (Cont.)
C.
Allegan County............................................ 59
- 1.
Deficiencies............................*......... ~..... 59
- 2.
Areas Requiring Corrective Action............................ 59
- 3.
Areas Reconunended for Improvement.......................... 59 D.
Berrien County...............,........................ *...... 60
- 1.
Deficiencies............................'......... :..... 60
- 2.
Areas Requiring Corrective Action.................... *......... 60
- 3.
Areas Reconunended for Improvement......................... 60 APPENDIX A: EXERCISE EV ALU A TORS............................... 61 APPENDIX B: EXERCISE OBJECTIVES................................ 63 APPENDIX C: EXERCISE SCENARIO... ;............................... 73 APPENDIX D: TIME LINE 81
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACP Access Control Point ANL Argonne National Laboratory ARC American Red Cross l
ARCA Area Requiring Corrective Action ARFI Area Recommended For Improvement CPCo Consumers Power Company I
CPR Center for Planning and Research DRD Direct-Reading Dosimeter J
DSS Department of Social Services EBS Emergency Broadcast System
)
ECC Emergency Communications Center ECL Emergency Classification Level EMC Emergency Management Coordinator
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EMD Emergency Management Division EOC Emergency Operations Center '
EOF Emergency Operations Facility EPZ Emergency Planning Zone ESC Emergency Services Coordinator FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FMT Field Monitoring Team FTC Field Team Coordinator GE General Emergency J
JPIC Joint Public Information Center KI Potassium Iodide
- 1.
KLT K.L. Travis and Associates
.J LEIN Law Enforcement Information Network MDPH Michigan Department of Public Health
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mR Milliroentgen( s) mR/hr Milliroentgen(s) per Hour MSP Michigan State Police
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REP RHAC RHD SAE TCP TLD TSC ACRONYMS (Cont.)
Protective Action Decision Protective Action Recommendation Public Information Officer
- Palisades Nuclear Power Plant Roentgen(s)
Radiological Emergency Preparedness Radiological Health Assessment Coordinator Radiological Health Division Site Atea Emergency Traffic Control Point Thermoluminescent Dosimeter Technical Support Center vi
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I. INTRODUCTION A. EXERCIBEBACKGROUND This report addresses the Radiological 'Emergency Preparedness (REP) Exercise for the Palisades Nuclear Power Plant (PNPP) c.onducted on May 17, 1994. This exercise was the ninth PNPP REP Exercise conducted for the State of Michigan; Van Buren, Allegan, and Berrien Counties; and Consumers Power Company (CPCo). This exercise was the first in the current 6-year cycle.
The exercise was driven by a simulated accident at the plant.
Previous exercises were conducted on the following dates:
December 9, 1980 February 23, 1982 May 25, ~983 August 2~. 1985 August 19-20, 1986 February 17, 1988 May 22, 1990 September 1, i 992 B.. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT PARTICIPATION The 10-mile plum6 exposure Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) of the PNPP primarily affects Van Buren County, including the. Townships of Bangor, Covert, Geneva, Hartford, and South Haven.
- The EPZ also affects a sniall portion of southw~stern Allegan County to the north and northwestern Berrien County to the south. The western half of the EPZ is over Lake Michigan.
During this exercise, the State. of Michigan and Van Buren and Allegan Counties fully participated, and Berrien County partially participated:
C. EVALUATORS A total of l9 Federal. and contract evaluators observed the offsite operations of the State and
- three counties. The evaluation teams were led by individuals from the REP Program of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Region V.
A complete list of the evaluators, by name, organization, and assignment, can be found in Appendix A.
D. EVALUATION CRITERIA The offsite response plans evaluated during this exercise were developed by using guidance from NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1, Revision 1, Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants.
During the evaluation, evaluators used standard evaluation forms based on FEMA-REP-15, REP.*
Exercise Evaluation Methodology, dated September 1991.
E. EXERCISE OBJECTIVES An initi3.l meeting was conducted on March 23, 1992, to establish the objectives to be evaluated.
Attendees included representatives of the Emergency Management Division (EMD), *Michigan State Police (MSP);Van Buren, Allegan, and Berrien Counties; FEMARegion V; and CPCo, the.
licensee.
The objectives selected for evaluation were based on FEMA-REP-14, Radiological Emergency
- Preparedness, dated September 1991.
The* final objectives list was submitted to* FEMA on May
- 28, 1992, and approved on June 10, 1992. A complete list of the selected objectives can be found in Appendix B.
F. EXERCISE SCENARIO Thi:? exercise scenario was developed by. CPCo personnel. at the PNPP in cooperation 'with individuals at the Mj.chigan. EMD. The scenario was reviewed for FEMA by K.L. Travis and Associates and was' approved by FEMA on. Au~st 24; 1992. The 'scenari~ can.. be*found in Append~. c.
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G. STATE AND LOCAL RESOURCES.ACTlV ATED DuRING.THE EXERCISE Th~ State of Michigan, partially participating, activated.its.Emergency. Operations Center (EOC)..
The following agencies w~re represented m the EOC:
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Michigan Department of Transportation MSP Michigan Department of Natural Resources Michigan Department of Agriculture Michigan Department of Social Services (DSS)
Michigan Department of Military Affairs Michigan Department of Public Health (MDPH) (nonradiological)
MDPH Radiological Health Division (RHO)
The State sent *a representative to the Joint Public Information Center (JPIC).
- The JPIC moderator was an officer from the MSP Special Operations Division.
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_ Van Buren County, fully participating, activated its EOC.
The following agencies were represented-in the County EOC:
Board of Commissioners (Chief Executive)
Office of the Emergency Management Coordinator (EMC) l Public Information Officer (PIO)
Van Buren County Sheriffs Department Police Services (Chief)
Fire Services (Chief)
County Health Department County DSS Intermediate School District (Director)
Radiation Defense Officer American Red Cross (ARC)
County Road Commission (Chief Engineer)
Damage Assessment (Chief)
MSP (Liaison Officer)
The county established and supported the JPIC and sent a PIO to the JPIC. Van Buren County also activated a reception center, congregate care center, and emergency worker decontamination center.
Allegan County, fully participating, ac_tivated its EOC. The following agencies were represented in the County EOC:
Board of Commissioners (Chairman)
EMC Allegan County Sheriffs Department School District (Superintendent)
County Health Department (Administrator)
- . Local ARC Chapter (Executive Director)
County DSS (Program Manager)
County ~oads Department County Mental Health Agency (Director)
MSI' (Liaison Officer)
The county sent a PIO to the JPIC. Allegan County also activated a reception center, congregate care center, and emergency worker decontamination center.
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Berrien County, partially participating, activated its EOC.
The following agencies were represented in the County EOC:
Board of Commissioners (County Executive)
EMC County DSS PIO Damage Assessment (Chief)
MSP (Liaison Officer)
Police Services (Chief)
County Health Department (Radiation Officer)
The county sent a PIO representative to the JPIC.
H. PREVIOUS EXERCISE FINDINGS The following findings were identified during the previo~s Palisades REP Exercise on September 1, 1992.
Objective 5: Emergency Worker Exposure Control There was no documentation or other evidence that the direct-reading dosimeters (DRD) had been inspected for' electrical leakage.
Recommendation: Provide documentation in the dosimetry kits or stickers with the most recent leakage test date on the DRDs.
Status: Resojved. This ARCA was cl~ed during the iurte 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
Objective 6: Field Monitoring -
Ambient Radiation Field Team No. 2 failed to demonstrate the capability to take waist-height and ground-level open-and closed-window measurements.
Recommendation:
!~e MDPH should provide* field team members with additional training to ensure an adequate working knowledge of field radiation measurement procedures.
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Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
Objective 7: Plume Dose Pr~jection Issue 1: There was no attempt by the Dose Assessment Group to identify the location of plume edges as discussed in FEMA-REP-14. Field monitoring procedures in the Michigan plan call for the collection of data off of centerline and out to where the readings are at 10 time background or less. However, only centerline data were reported, and therefore, there was no basis for plume edge determinations by the Dose Assessment Group.
This determination, which is intended to ensure that the downwind sectors designated for protective actions are appropriately selected, is not currently included in the Michigan plan.
Recommendation: Revise the plan to be in accordance with FEMA-REP-14 (page D.7-4) and provide for plotting these data on a map at the State EOC.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
Issue 2: The ability to calculate a factor to convert from gamma exposure rate measurements to radioiodine concentration as discussed in FEMA-REP-14 was not demonstrated. The Michigan plan does not currently.include this process, which is intended to reduce the exposure of air sampling teams by reducing the number of air samples needed.
Recommendation: Revise the plan to include this process and conduct training,
- as needed.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook ),IBP Exercise.
Objective 13: Emergency Information -
Rumor Control The Rumor Control Center did not provide information concerning rumor trends to the responsible offsite response organizations. This prevented the organizations from assuming a proactive role during the incident.
Recommendation:
The State should identify an individual who is knowledgeable. in REP programs to act as a liaison at the Rumor Control 5
Center, or the Utility liaison at the JPIC should receive further training concerning the need to ensure that offsite response organizations are brought into the communication process.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the March 23, 1993, Big Rock. Point REP Exercise.
Objective 14: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Use of KI for Emergency Workers, Institutionalized Individuals, and the General Public The MDPH representative at the State EOC delayed approximately one hour in making the decision to administer KI to institutionalized persons... *"
Recommendation: Clarify the State plan to specify that this authorization be considered and executed within a defined time limit. Also, provide training for
-public health officials who have 'this responsibility.*
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
Objective 22:* En:iergency Worker, Equipment, and Vehicles-Monitoring
- and Decontamination The survey instrument was held at a distance of tWo to three inches from the
- surface. of the.clothing or skin during the emergency.worker contamination*
surveys. This survey technique will not give an accurate. measurement of the contamination level.
Recommendation: Train the emergency worker monitoring/decontamination personnel on appropriate contamination survey techniques. The detector should be held about one-half inch from the monitoring surface during the survey.
Status:* Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
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- 2. Van Buren County Two ARCAs were identified for Van Buren County.
Objective 11: Public Instruct~on and Emergency Information The second Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) message did not provide Allegan County residents a list of reception centers that were operational.
Additionally, no telephone number was broadcast for the mobility-impaired persons who might require assistance.
Recommendation: Van Buren County should develop a procedure to ensure that locations of reception centers are indicated in EBS messages directing evacuation. Also, the telephone for persons requiring assistance in evacuating should be included in EBS messages.
Status: Resolved. EBS messages provided reception center locations and information telephone numbers.
Objective 22: Emergency Worker, Equipment, and Vehicles -Monitoring and Decontamination After a person was found to be contaminated and the required decontamination procedures were completed, the person was not remonitored in the decontamination area. The person was directed back to the in.itial monitoring area. This action could have recontaminated clean workers.
Recommendation: A remonitoring point for persons who have undergone decontamination should be established near the decontamination area to minimize the potential for recontamination.
Status:
Resolved.
Monitoring was performed at the exit from the decontamination shower area.
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- 3. Allegan County Five ARCAs were identified for Allegan County.
Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipment, Displays, and Work Environment l
There was no status board in the facility to keep the EOC staff informed of the current situation or important actions and information.
Recommendation: The county should develop a status board large enough for the en~e staff to see. They should also develop a procedure for posting and updating current inf onnation.
Status: Resolved. *Status boards, charts, and maps were available and used during the exercise.
Objective 3: Direction and Control There was concern about *the Radiological Defense Officer's inability to perform his required duties throughout the exercise.
Recommendation: The Radiological Defense Officer should be present in the
. EOC for the duration <;>f an incident. This person should be provided with additional training* to ensure* that' he understands the.seriousness of "high" readings and methods for confirming readings.
Stanis:
Resolved.
A new Radiological Defense Officer demonstrated a thorough knowledge of his required duties.
Objective 14: Implementation of Protectiye ActiQns -
Use of Kl for
- Emergency Workers, Iruititutionalized Individuals, and the General Public The potassium iodide (KI) tablets stockpiled by the County Health Department did not have instructions with them. The KI tabletS were not distributed to emergency workers or institutionalized persons during the exercise.
Recommendation: The Health Department should develop instructions to be kept with each bottle of KI. Also, KI and the appropriate instructions and precautions should b_e included in the dosimetry kits distributed to emergency workers.
Status: Resolved. KI tables and instructions were available for distribution.
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Objective 22:
Emergency Workers, Equipment, and Vehicles Monitoring and Decontamination Issue 1: There were several female emergency workers, but there wer~. po female personnel working at the showers.
l Recommendation: The county should 'develop procedures for having a female available at the showers for decontaminating female emergency workers.
- Status: Resolved. Allegan County has enough female monitors for female emergency workers.
Issue 2:
There were no procedures or irtstructj.ons available for handling contaminated workers who could not be decontaminated at the emergency worker decontamination center.
Recommendation: The county should develop written procedures for handling
- individuals who cannot be decontaminated at the decontamination center.
Status: Resolved. Allegan County has procedures for transporting* heavily contaminated persons.
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- 4. Berrien County
- Three ARCAs were identified for Berrien County.
Objective 1: Mobilization of Emergency Personnel Berrien County failed to demonstrate the capability to mobilize their EOC personnel in accordance with their plan.
- There was an incorrect interpretation of the extent-of-play agreement.
Recommendation: Berrien County should demonstrate this capability during the D.C. Cook REP Exercise in June 1993.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
- , Cook REP Exercise.
- Objective *5:. E~ergency Worker Exposure Control Through interview.and inspection, it was determined that the CD V,;.777 kits were last inspected.in October 1988. The county plan, Annex C, Appendix 1, *
- Attachment 5, states that the sets are to be. calibrated and exchanged at least every two years.
Recommendation:* Review this issue, and if 'necessary, update the plan to reflect current guidance in FEMA-REP-14, page D-5-6.
Additionally, the county should develop. some method of tracking inspections to ensure they are
- being conductedproperly.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30,.1993, D.~.
Cook REP Exercise.
Objective 15: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Special Populations As agreed to during extent-of-play discussions, interviews were to be conducted and lists of special population groups would be provided for review. Although
- the interviews were conducted, there was no list available at the EOC for review.
Recommendation: The county should maintain a duplicate of the updated list of spedal populatiori groups and individuals in *the County EOC.
Status: Resolved. This ARCA was cleared during the June 30, 1993, D.C.
Cook REP Exercise.
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II. EXERCISE
SUMMARY
A. GENERAL The PNPP REP Exercise was conducted on. May 17, 1994.
The exercise involved full participation by* Allegan and Van Buren Counties and partial participation by the State of Michigan and Berrien County.
This report is an overview of the findings for the offsite evaluation of the State of Michigan and
- Allegan, Berrien, and Van Buren Counties.
B. EXERCISE OBJECTIVE STATUS State of Van Buren Allegan Berrien Objective Michigan County
- County County Group A 1 Mobilize and Activate D
D D
D 2 Facilities and Work Environment D
D D
D 3 Direction and Control D
D D
D 4 Communications D
D D
D 5 Emergency Worker Exposure Control D
D D
NIS 6 Field Monitoring -
Ambient Radiation NIS NIA NIA NIA 7 Dose Projection D
NIA NIA NIA 8 Field Monitoring -
Radioiodine NIS NIA NIA NIA 9 *Plume Protective Action Decision Making D
NIA NIA NIA 10 Alert and Notification D
D D
D 11 Public Instructions/Emergency Information D
D D
D 12 Media D
D D
D 13 Rumor Control D
D D
D Group B 14 KI -
Emergency Workers NIS D
D NIS 15 Protective Ac~ons -
Special Populations NIS D
D NIS 16 Protective Actions -
Schools NIS D
NIS D
17 Traffic and Access Control NIS D
D NIS 18 Reception Centers D.
D D
NIS 19 Congregate Care NIS D
D NIS 20 Medical Servic~s -
Transportation NIA D
NIS NIS 21 Medical Services -
Facilities NIA D
NIS NIS 22 Emergency Workers -
Decontamination NIS D
D D
23 Supplementary Assistance NIS NIA NIA NIA 11
State of Van Buren Allegan Berrien Objective Michigan County County County Group C 24 Post-Emergency Sampling NIS NIA NIA NIA 25 Laboratory Operations NIS NIA NIA NIA 26 Ingestion Pathway -
Dose Projection/Decision Making NIS NIA NIA NIA 27 Ingestion Pathway -
PAR Implementation NIS NIA NIA NIA 28 Relocation, Re-Entry and Return -
Decision Making NIS NIA NIA NIA 29 Relocation, Re-Entry and Return -
Implementation NIS NIS NIS NIS 30 24-Hour Staffing NIS NIS NIS NIS 31 Offsite Support for Onsite Evacuation NIA NIA NIA NIA 32 Unannounced Exercise or Drill NIS NIS NIS NIS 33 Off-Hours Exercise or Drill NIS NIS NIS NIS.
D Selected - Fully Demonstrated P. Selected. - Partially Demonstrated
- N Selected - Not Demonstrated NIS Not Selected NIA Not Applicable for Level/Plan C. OUT-OF:.SEQUENCE DEMONSTRATIONS Van Buren County demonstrated the following activities ou,t of sequence with the exercise:
EBS Station Radio Statio~ COSY (May 16, 1994; 1315)
Dosimetry Distribution Van Buren County Health Department (May 16, 1994; 1400)
Emergency Worker Decontamination Center Decatur-Hamilton Fire Department (May 16, 1994; 1900)
EV-2 School Interview
. Covert Public School (May 16, 1994; 1300)
Reception Center -
Evacuee and Vehicle Decontamination Van Buren Intermediate School District (May 16, 1994; 1500 for evacuees, 1900 for vehicles)
Congregate Care Center Lawrence High School (May 16, 1994;.1600) 12
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Emergency Worker Decontamination Center Allegan County Vocational-Technical Center (May* 17, 1994; 1700)
Reception Center -
Mohitoring, Decontamination, and Registration Fennville High School (May 17, 1994; 1600)
Congregate Care Center Fennville High School (May 17, 1994; after 1600)
Berrien C9unty demonstrated the following activity out of sequence with the exercise:
EV-2 School Interview Coloma Schools (May 17, 1994; 1000)
D. POST-EXERCISE MEETING The exercise participants' critique was conducted by FEMA Region Vat 0900 on May 20, 1994.
Representatives from the State, counties, and Utility attended. A public and media briefing was held immediately following the participants' critique. This briefing was conducted jointly by FEMA Region V and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Both meetings were held at the Van Buren Vocational-Technical Center in Lawrence, Michigan.
E. DEFINITIONS DEFICIENCY:
An observed or identified inadequacy of organizational performance in an exercise that could cause a finding that offsite emergency preparedness is not adequate to provide reasonable assurance that appropriate. protective measures can be taken in the event of a radiological emergenc)' to protect the health and safety of the public living in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant. Because of the potential impact of Deficiencies on emergency preparedness, they should be corrected within 120 days through appropriate remedial actions, including remedial exercises, drills, or other actions.
AREA REQUIRING CORRECTIVE ACTION (ARCA): An observed or identified inadequacy
. of organizational performance in an exercise.that is not considered, by itself, to adversely_ impact public health and safety. An ARCA must be corrected by the next scheduled biennial exercise.
An ARCA may be reclassified as a Deficiency under two conditions: first, when the collective impact of two or more ARC~s on an organization's emergency functioning precludes adequate protection of public health' and safety' and second, for recidivism, when an organization repeatedly demonstrates the inability to correct one or more previously identified ARCAs over a period oftwo or more biennial exercises.
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AREA RECOMMENDED FOR IMPROVEMENT (ARFI):
An aspect of emergency preparedness that could be improved. While FEMA encourages offsite response organizations to address concerns related to identified ARFis, they do not need to be corrected to secure or maintain FEMA 44 CFR Part 350 approval.
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.1 III. NARRATIVE A. STATE OF MICIDGAN Objective 1: Mobilization of Emergency Personnel Demonstrate the capability to alert and fully mobilize personnel for both e~ergency facilities and field operations.
Demonstrate the capability to activate and staff emergency facilities for emergency operations.
Objective Status:.Met.
The MSP Special Operations Division received initial notification by telephone at 0850. The PNPP declared an Alert Emergency Classification Level (ECL) at 0845. The Alert ECL was verified, the EMD was notified at 0855, and then the RHD was notified. Other appropriate MSP locations were advised by a Law Enforcement lnformati<;>n Network (LEIN) message.
Verification was minimally hampered by an incorrect telephone number (without an extension) on the message 1 form. This problem was resolved at 0912. The RHD was slightly delayed in its efforts to contact plant-site technical staff.
- The EMD Duty Officer initiated alert and mobilization procedures at 0856 and activated the* State EOC at 0905. The Emergency Communications Center (ECC) had staff available for full operational support within minutes. Agency notification was completed at 0940, and the State EOC was fully operational at 0945. All subsequent State emergency operations were conducted at this facility.
Personnel mobilized included the State EOC Director; Governor's and CPCo representatives;
- operations chief and assistant; liaison communicators to the Allegan, Bemen, and Van Buren County EOCs; RHD staff; the MSP; and representatives from State Departments of Agriculture, Natural Resources, Public Health, Transportation, and Social Services.
Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipment, Displays, and Work Environment Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
The State EOC was located hi the EMD offices, near the capitol in Lansing, Michigan. All necessary equipment (telephones, computers, copiers, etc.) was available. Lighting, furnishings, ventilation, and rest rooms were adequate. A backup generator with the necessary fuel was in 15
place to ensure continuous electrical power. Backup power was not demonstrated but is tested regularly.
Maps and displays were effectively used to present all appropriate planning data and information:
EPZs, population, evacuation routes, ~tc. A status board of significant events was posted l
promptly, as was a protective actions board. The ECLs were prominently displayed. Many staff members were an:ned MSP officers, eliminating the need for guarded access control or further security measures.
Objective 3: Direction and Control Demonstrate the capability to direct and control emergency operations..
Objective Status: Met.
- When a PAD was disseminated to the State EOC members, the Director briefed the EOC staff and described the PAD. Operators staffing the hot lines with the JPIC and Van Buren, Allegan, ai;id Berrien County EQCs relayed the information directly to those EOCs. Thus, the PAD wa.S transmitted almost simultaneously to the affected organizations.
Copies of the July 1994 Michigan plan were available for reference. Messages were tracked and monitored.
All
- incoming and outgoing messages were tracked on a master log in the communications room. Additionally, each staff member maintained a personal log of messages received and transmitted, as well as other staff actions. When a message was received, it was recorded on a multipart message form, or additional copies were reproduced and distributed to all staff members.
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Objective 4: Communications Demonstrate the capability to communicate with all appropriate emergency personnel at facilities and in the field.
Objective Status: Met.
Primary communications for the State EOC staff and State agency representatives con~isted of 18 commercial telephone lines. The operations staff established open lines with the three County EOCs and the JPIC. The RHD communicated with the Technical 'Support Center (TSC) and the
Two fax machines in the adjacent ECC allowed simultaneous incoming and outgoing messages.
Couriers from the ECC made copies, delivered messages, and picked up m~ssages
- for transmission, all with notable efficiency. Backup communications were provided through the LEIN teletype and MSP radio. No delays or malfunctions were noted.
- Objective* 5: Emergency Worker Exposure Control "
- Demonstrate the ability to continuously monitor and control radiation exposure to emergency workers.
Objective Status: Met.
- An interview with the Radiological Health Assessment Coordinator (RHAC) verified the information in the State plan, because no RHD field monitoring teams (FMT) participated in this exercise. The RHAC was aware of the tum-back value of 5 rem whole.-bqdy and knew that* the radiological response team would contact the Radiological Monitoring Team Leader to discuss exceeding this value. Emergency workers were authorized. to terminate a mission if their dose was 5 rem whole-body or greater.
The decision to use KI was based on a dose projection based on stack monitor data. The joint decision was made by the RHAC and the MDPH representative. When the decision to authorize the use of KI for emergency workers was made, the MDPH representative in the State EOC sent a message to the County EOCs.
Objective 7: *Plume Dose Projection.
Demonstrate the capability tq ~evelop dose* projections and protective action recommendations (PAR) regarding evacuation and sheltering.
Objective Status: Met.
17
The MSP Special Operations Division notified the RHD to activate. The RHD personnel arrived at the EOC and began setting up their equipment and establishi.ng telephone contacts, with the TSC and EOF. No FMTs participated in this exercise. Three RHD staff members responded:
the RHAC, Dose Assessor, and a communicator. The RHD established contact with the TSC and received updates from the TSC until. the EOF was operational. The RHD simulated sending l
FMTs from Lansing to the FTC with an estimated time of arrival of 1100. The FTC was simulated to be operational at 1130. The Dose Assessor requ~sted a meteorological forecast from the TSC, especially the wind direction shifts expected, for the next 6 to 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br />. The wind direction forecast inform~tion was received. within 5 minutes
- of the request EOF communications were established and maintained throughout the exercise.
- The RHD did not receive.all the initial conditions ofthe plant (e.g., reactor at cold shutdown for refueling, r~actor had.b~n shutdown for. 11 days, reac~or vessel head remo:ved, fuel transfer tube*
open) until after.the,SAE. The RHD liaison at ihe JPIC furnished the information that the reactor vessel_. head was off... Under normal. condi~ons, the RHD would know the plant status because this information i.s maintained in the RHD office for all nuclear pl~ts in the State of Michigan.
When the GE was declared, the Utility.recommended she.Hering in.place 0-2 miles *and 5 'miles downwind (Sectors H, J, and K). The Director and RHAC discussed this recommendation; the RHAC *reco~ended including Sector G bec~use of the for~ci;tsted wfuci shift. The ini~ial PAR.
did not include Sector G (the Director requested more data). The area to be sheltered was plotted
.on a map in the State EOC (which was updated i;tS* new PARs were made); the sectors affected by the plume were plotted on the map used by RHD. The RHAC requested offSi~e radiation data from the EOF; at this time, all readings were "background.".
. *~. i The Dose Assessor received an update* from a health 'physicist at the EOF (nofthrough the *
- normal *communications telephone) so. that dos'6. projections could. be coordinated... The update**.
- included source term and* meteorolbgical information.. *A Utility-cievefoped. comput~r program
- wa5 used to make the dose pro].ections with data* from the in-containment radiatidn inonitor.
Complete radiation monitor data were not given to RHD during the exercise. The RHD and EOF
- dose projections agreed.
The EMD discussed the second Utility PAR with the RHAC. : (The Utility recommended evacuation 0-10 'mile*s, all sectors.) On the basis of the information available in the State EOC, the State made the PAD to evacuate 0-2 miles in all sectors and 2-5 miles in Sectors H, J, and K (downwind). The 1115 plant status data were received by the RHD at 1137. Two minutes later, the EOF notified the RHD of a wind shift (1130 data). The RHAC immediately informed the Director; they discussed adding Sectors D, E, F; and G, 2-5 miles, t~ the evacuation PAD.
This was the third PAD. While the PAD was being discussed, the EOF was notified *of another explosion and containment pressure falling to zero. A fourth and final PAD was made to evacuate 0-10 miles in Sectors B, C, and D in addition to 2-5 miles in Sectors E, F, and G; this PAD was then executed.
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The Dose Assessor received stack monitor data from a health physicist at the EOF; projections of whole-body and thyroid dose were made and coordinated.
On the-basis of this dose projection, the thyroid dose at 0.5 mile would be greater than 25 rem. The RHAC and another MDPH representative discussed the need for Kl for emergency workers and persons unable to be evacuated in the downwind secto~. The MDPH issued a statement to the County EOCs that required all emergency workers, first responders, and persons unable to move to talce Kl tablets.
Offsite radiation levels were available from the Utility FMTs, but until 1212, the readings were all background.
The available offsite radiation levels were taken at specific* locations; information about the plume edge, centerline, and unevacuated areas was not available. One back-calc~lation was based on the offsite radiological data; no changes were made to the PARs on the basis of the back-calculation. The offsite radiation levels were indicated on the status board but were not plotted on the maps in the State EOC. The P ARs were not revised on the basis of the offsite radiation levels.
No information was available concerning radioiodine measurements in the plume. (The Utility did not indicate that these measurements were talcen.)
Objective 9: Plume Protective Action Decision Making.
Demonstrate the capability to make timely P ADs.
Objective Status: Met.
The Director was responsible for making P ADs. He CQordinated these decisions with the RHD and the Governor's representative. After the P ADs were made, the dedicated telephone lines were used to pass the information to the County EOCs.
- Copies of the P ADs were then faxed to the counties and the JPIC.
All P ADs were made at the GE. The ~nitial PAD and two of the three subsequent P ADs were based on plant conditions and a change in meteorological conditions.
The~e P ADs were made in a timely manner as t~e information became available; however, radiological and meteorological data from the Utility were delayed, which may have delayed higher level P ARs. The final PAD was based on plant conditions, projected dose, and a change in meteorological conditions.
Although all PADs were made quickly, the discussions were thorough and included the relative benefits of evacuation compared with sheltering. Because weather conditions were good, they were not a factor in the decisions.
Objective 10: Alert and Notification Demonstrate the capability ro-promptly alert and notify the public within the IO-mile plume pathway EPZ and disseminate instructional messages to the public on the basis of decisions made by appropriate State and local officials.
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Objective Status: Met.
The State's responsibility is. to disseminate PADs and to oversee Van Buren County's implementation of the Alert and Notification system. At 1039, the PAD was announced to the State EOC arid simultaneously transmit~ed to the counties and *the JPIC. The State monitored Van Buren County's actions. This information was posted to a status board that tracked the Alert and Notification sequence. The stfltus board indicated that Van Buren and Allegan County sirens were activated at 1047. Van Buren County's EBS trans.mission (simulated) wa5 broadcast at 1049.
Objective 11:.. Public Instructions and Emergency Information
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Demonstrate the capability to* coordinate.the formulation and dissemination. of accurate information and iQstructions to the public.
Objective Status:
- Met.
The State monitored Van Buren County's issuance of public instructions, checking to e~sure that the Alert and Notification sequences ~ere ptoperly iinplemented and proper inform~tion *was broadcast for each PAD.
. An interv~ew was conducted at the *primary EBS radio station for the PNPP, COSY in* South Haven, Michigan. COSY management was very familiar with EBS*responsibilities.. The station
'had written proced~s for broadcasting EBS. messages. The primary links with the radio station
- _were CoIIllllercial telephones and fax machines.
- The station would receive a call to inform them that a fax message. was being transmitted and the line should b.e
- kept open until the fax was
- verified. The.station's copies of the.BBS messages were compared with those from.the EOC; the* m~~sages matched: The radfo station could* broadcast fr~rn remote locations, including the JPIC~ if necessary.
The State also provid~d information and instructions to the public through the JPIC: The State monitored the JPIC media and public information operations through the hot line established when the State EOC was activated.
Objective 12: Emergency Information -
Med_ia Demonstrate the capability to coordinate the development and dissemination of clear, accurate, and timely information to the news media.
Objective Status: Met.
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The JPIC staff, located in the Mendel Center at Lake Michigan College, consisted of representatives and spokespersons from both the Utility and offsite response organizations. The JPIC moderator was an officer from the MSP Special Operations Division. The staff also included the following: representatives from the Van Buren, Berrien, and Allegan County EOCs; a representative from the State EOC; ~PCo public affairs staff; and technical, clerical, and security support staff.
The JPIC was organized and set up in accordance with a recently adopted layout. However,* this layout has not yet been incorporated into the current plan and procedures for setting up the JPIC.
The current layout provides for the following separate areas: media briefing room, media work areas, command center, rumor control, support room, and a U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission work area. Equipment in these rooms included the following: public address system and sound boards for the media; numerous fax machines, computers, and typewriters in the command center; and additional fax machines and copiers in the support room.
In the media briefing room, maps, displays, and information were available to the press. Maps and displays included the following information: ctirrent ECL, protective action areas, evacuation routes, rumor control telephone numbers, times of planned media briefings, and public information brochures.
Communications among all offsite and Utility response organizations were maintained through commercial telephone systems. However, no alternate or backup systems were included in the current plans and proc~dures.
The media btjefings were coordinated in the command center and conducted in* the media.
briefing room. *Two media briefings were conducted: one at 1100 and the other at 1214.
Although the briefings provided sufficient information to the media, the presentation w~
sometimes unclear and provided conflicting information. During the second media briefing, the spokesperson provided a detailed description of the evacuation areas, but did not mention that they were -evacuation areas until after all street boundaries were given. Also during the second media briefing, conflicting information was given about an offsite radioactive release. The CPCo representative mentiorred that a "puff of radioactivity" was released. The REID spokesperson then mentioned that FMTs had no radiation levels to report. The Utility health physicists said that levels of 700 mR/hr at 2 miles from the plant had been reported. This radiation level information was received by the JPIC at least 15 minutes before the R.HD spokesperson's briefing.
The JPIC activities included rumor. control. While the m~ rumor control center was located at the CPCo Customer Service Center, questions that could not be answered were referred to the JPIC.
At the JPIC, rumor control, questions were forwarded to the appropriate off site representatives, who would s~~k to answer them through their EOC. If specific responses were required, the JPIC would forward the information back to the Customer Service Center.
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Issue: ARCA, JPIC Layout
==
Description:==
Although the JPIC facility was well organized and set up in accordance with the designated layout, the layout was not incorporated into the current plans and procedures.
(NUREG-0654 References E.7., G.3.a., G.3.b., G.4.a., G.4.b., G.4.c.)
l Recommendation: The designated layout for setting up the JPIC facility should be incorporated into the current plans and procedures.
Issue: ARCA, JPIC Communications*
==
Description:==
- Communications among all offsite and Utility response organizations were maintained through cominercial telephone systems. However, no alternate or backup systems were included in the plans and procedures. (NUREG-0654 References E.7., G.3.a, GA.a;, G.4.c.)
Recommendation:.. Existing backup communication capabilities should be used to: support JPIC operations, and the arrangement should be incorporated into the current plans and procedures.
- Issue: ARCA~ _JPIC Media Briefings
==
Description:==
Although *medi~ briefings provided sufficient 4tformation, th~ presentations were sometimes unclear and provided conflicting information'. During the second media briefing, the.
.. spokesperson prQvided a detailed description of the evacuation area, but did not mention that it
. ', was an "evacuation area", untii aftel all street bou~daries were given. Also d'Uring the second
- media briefing, confusing.information was provided regarding an off site radioactive release. The
~
,. CPCo. representfltive mentioned that a "puff of ra~oactivity" was released. The. State RHD
. spokesperson then mentioned that FMTs hac;l.. no.radiation levels to report.. The Utility health
- physicist m~11tioned thi:it levels of 700 mR/hr 2 miles from the. plant had been reported~ This.
- radiation level infoqnation was received by the JPIC at least.15 minutes before th.e RHD spokesperson's briefing. (NUREG-0654 Reference E.7.)
.~Recommendatfon*: Additional trainiilg on media briefing presentations should be provided to the designated. JPIC spokespersons.
- Objective 13: Emergency Information -
Rumor ~ontrol Demonstrate the capability to establish and operate nimor control in a coordinated and timely manner.
Objective Status: Met.
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.J The rumor control operation was located at the CPCo Customer Service Center in Saginaw, Michigan. The Customer Service Center was already in op~ration and did not have to be activated. The Utility publicized rumor control telephone numbers in public relations materials, public service announcements, and customer billings. The rumor control staff consis~ed of a manager, a supervisor, 2 coordinators, a runner, and 61 operators.
Rumor control received 61 calls at an average rate of 15 per hour.
The rumor control coordinators documented and analyzed the information to identify trends in rumors and provided information to the JPIC. Some information was addressed in subsequent JPIC information dissemination.
All fax messages received from the JPIC were confirmed by telephone.
Interviews suggested that additional training on basic. background information and information-gathenng techniques would be helpful. There was some confusion regarding the form for logging incoming calls and JPIC inquiries. Operators obtained *only a few names, telephone numbers, and clear data from callers. All staff members interviewed were receptive to further training and believed it would enhance rumor control capability. The staff was conscientious and did a good job for the minimal training they had received.
The rumor control staff was equipped to monitor radio and television broadcasts to_ detennine what information was provided* to the public by the media, but relied on information from the JPIC. The JPIC did not immediately respond to all information, and the flow of information to rumor control from the JPIC was not timely. Rumor control did not receive information that the JPIC was operational. Rumor control staff began_ fielding calls from the public at 0937. Rumor control staff called the JPIC telephone number at 0945, 0950, and 1000, but did not get a response. Rumor control called the JPIC at 1039 and was informed that the JPIC was activated and operational.
Issue: ARFI, JPIC Communications
==
Description:==
The JPIC did not immediately respond to all information, and the flow of information from the JPIC to rumor control was slow. Rumor control did not receive information that the JPIC was ope~ational. Rumor control staff began fielding calls from the public at 0937.
Rumor control staff called the JPIC telephone number at 0945, 0950, and 1000, but did not get a response. Rumor control staff called the JPIC at
- 1039 and was informed that the JPIC was activated and operational. (NUREG-0654 References G.4.a., G.4.b., G.4.c.)
Recommendation: The JPIC staff should be more conscientious about timely communication and providing current information to the rumor control operation. This was corrected during the 1995 D.C. Cook exercise.
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Demonstrate the capability to activate and staff emergency facilities for emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
The Van Buren County Sheriffs dispatch received the initial notification 'of an Alert at 0848 over the dedicated line. Plant conditions were recorded on a Nuclear Plant Accident Notification Form. However, the ECL declaration time was recorded as the message receipt time. The information was immediately forwarded to the County EMC, who requested that the EOC be activated. The EOC was declared operational at 0935. The notification information was not forwarded to Allegan and Berrien Counties over the LEIN as specified in the plan. During the exercise, however, the counties received the appropriate information from the State over the t
LEIN.
Issue: ARCA, Notification Procedure Did Not Follow the Plan
==
Description:==
The notification* information was not forwarded to Allegan and Berrien Counties.
over the LEIN as specified In the plan.. During the exercise, however, the counties receiv~d th~
appropriate information from the State over the LEIN. (NUREG:.0654 Reference N.1.a)
Recommendation: The directive of the plan should be followed, or the plan should be revised:
Issue: ARCA, Accurate Completion of the Nuclea,r Plant Accident Notification Form.
==
Description:==
The ECL declaratipn time was recorded as the message receipt time on the Nuclear Plant Accident Notification Form. (NUREG-0654 Reference N.l.a) '.
Recornmendati?n: The ECL declaration time and message receipt times should be recorded separately in their designated areas on the form. A message log that tracks message~ by ~eceipt time could be monitored by the responsible sheriffs dispatcher.
- Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipment, Displays, and Work Environment Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations.
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Objective Status: Met.
The _Van Buren County EOC was located in the courthouse in Paw, Michigan. The EOC had
- adequate space, furniture,.light, and ventilation.
Backup power was not available.
Office equipment included a typ~writer, fax machfoe, co.pier, and. telephones..
The ECLs were prominently displayed and visible to everyone in the EOC. Maps and' charts included the 10-mile EPZ, the 50-mile EPZ, and the population by evacuation area.
The Radiological Officer handled weather information and radiological release data. Access was controlled through,a sign-in sheet.. The.status board was updateq as req~ired.
- A current copy
. pf the county plan was available.
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. Issue: ARFI; No Backup Power.Availabl.e
Description:
- No backup power was available. in *iJie Van Buren CouQty* EOC. (NUREG-0654 Reference H.3.) *
- Recommendation: Backup power should be 'provided at the Van Buren County EOC.
- Objective 3: Direction and *control.
- ?.. Dem6nstrate ;.the capability to* direct and con*trol emergency bperations. -
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- Objective Status: Met.
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I The Vice-Charrperson of the 'Van Buren County Board* of Comm1$sioner~ was effoctively in charge of County EOC activities. Current copies of the pl~ were available' for staff use.. The State EOC and agency. representatives briefed* the staff periodically.* The EOC staff mainuiined logs of al~. activities, including incoming and outgoing messages. The EMC involved staff in the
.. '. decision~iniling proce~s. The staff membel'S. coordinated with their o~n agencies and with..
. similar agencies in other jurisdictions.
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. Demonstrate the capability to communicate with all appropriate emergency personnel at facilities and in the field.
Objective Status: Met.
The Van Buren County EOC had sufficient primary arid backup communications to link this facility with the State, JPIC, other participating counties, and the Utility. Commercial teiephone.
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Objective 5: Emergency Worker Exposure Control Demonstrate the ability to continuously monitor and control radiation exposure to emergency.
workers.
Objective Status: Met.
- The ability to continuously monitor and control emergency worker exposure was adequ~tely demonstrated during out-of-sequence demonstrations at the dosimetry distribution point in Hartford, Michigan; at an emergency worker decontamination center at the Decatur-Hamilton Fire Department in Decatur, Michigan; at a reception/decontamination center at the Van Buren Intermediate School in Lawrence, Michigan; and at a congregate care center at the Lawrence High School in Lawrence, Michlgan. Emergency worker control was also demonstrated through a school interview at the Covert Public School Administration Offices in Covert, Michigari, and an in-sequence demonstration of Access Control Points (ACP) during the exercise. Dosimetry kits were issued to police, fire, and other emergency workers as needed.
The dosimetry kits were prepared by the Health Department. They were reciuested and delivered appropriately. A dosimetry kit containing a thennoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), two DRDs (0-200 rnR and 0-200 R), and an emergency worker dosimetry instruction/record card were issued tp each emergency worker. The card instructed the workers to take readings at 30-minute intervals and to notify their supervisor if limits of 1 R/day or 3 R throughout the assignment were exceeded. The Health Department was responsible for receiving, distributing, and processing all dosiIµetry. The dosimeters had been leak-tested this quarter.
The continuous monitoring of radiation exposure was demonstrated at the reception center in Lawrence, Michigan. *The County Health Department issued a dosimetry kit to each emergency worker involved in monitoring and decontalninating personnel and vehicles. A dosimeter charger was available at the center, and all DRDs were zeroed before distribution. Personnel knew the exposure l~ts and what to do when they reached their maximum exposure values. Dosimetry readings were properly recorded.
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Objective 10: Alert and Notification Demonstrate the capability to promptly alert and notify the.public within the IO-mile plume pathway EPZ and disseminate instructional messages to the public on the basis of "decisions by appropriate state and local officials.
Objective Status: Met.
Van Buren County demonstrated the capability to promptly alert and notify the public of an incident within the 10-mile EPZ of the PNPP within the 15-minute time frame. The Utility dec:lared a GE at 1034. At 1039, the State made a PAD, which was received by the Van Buren County EOC at 1042 over the EOC hot line. The PAD directed in-place sheltering of all sectors to 2 miles and Sectors H, J, and K to 5 miles.
Sirens were activated at 1047, and the pre-scripted EBS message was broadcast at 1049.
A second PAD was made by the State at 1124 and received at Van Buren County EOC at 1125.
Sirens were activated at 1132, and an EBS message was broaqcast at 1133. The PAD ordered evacuation of all sectors 0-2 miles and Sectors H, J, and K to 5 miles.
The third PAD was supe~eded by the fourt~ and last PAD, whic~ was made at 1153 and received at Van Buren County at 1155. Sirens w~re sounded at 1157, and the EBS message was broadcast at 1159. The PAD ordered evacuation 0-5 miles for all s*ectors and 5-10 miles for downwind Sectors B, C, and D.
- EBS Station Interview The COSY radio station network (97.5 FM, 98.3 FM, and 940 AM) provides local warning for emergency notification in Van Buren County. The COSY broadcast studio is located in South Haven, Michigan. The station is notified by the Van Buren County EOC for all public Alert and
~otification situations. The notification arrives at COSY through the*. Voice Command radio system (154.205 Mhz) and is automatically recorded. Written transcription of the message is also.
faxed to the station. The EBS authorization and the message contents are continlled with Van Buren County EOC through a telephone callback procedure. Immediately after the message is received and verified at the station, it is broadcast to the public and read twice. All procedures for public notification through the EBS are available at the. radio station and updated at the EOC's request. All staff members at the radio station are well trained and demonstrated a thorough knowledge of the emergency procedures.
Objective 11: Public Instructions and Emergency Information
. I Demonstrate the capabilitY *to coordinate the formulation and dissemination of accurate information and instructions to the public.
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Objective Status: Met.
The fir5t pre-scripted EBS message directed the public to sheltet within 2 miles radially* Of the*
PNPP and downwind within 5 miles. The message included geographic road boundaries and
- brief instructions to the public. It also referred the public to the Utility's emergency preparedness brochure for additional information.,.
The second pre-scripted EBS message directed public evacuation of all areas within 2 miles of the plant and downwind within 5 miles of the plant. The EBS message included geographic road bqundaries, evacuation routes, and a farm advisory. It requested evacuees to report to the
- reception centers. The EBS message instructed evacuees to follow the steps outlined in the public information brochure and included a telephone number for persons who required assistance to evacuate.
The third pre-scripted EBS message directed evacuation of the 0-5 mile radial area of the plant and in. a northeast direction within 10 miles of the plant. Geographic road bou.ndarj.es were included, as were evacuation instructions, a farm advisory, the evacuation information telephone number, locations of reception centers, and reference. to the public information brochure.
Prior Exercise 'Issue: ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September l, 1992)
==
Description:==
The second EBS message did not provide Allegan County residents a list of reception centers that were operational. Additionally, no telephone number was broadcast for the mobil,ity-imparred persons who might require assistance.
Status: Resolved. EBS messages provided reception center locations and information telephone numbers.
Objective 12: Emergency Information -.Media Demonstrate the capa~ility to coordinate the development and dissemination of clear, accurate,
~d timely info~ation to the news media.
Objective Status: Met.
The Van Buren County public information representative and a County Commissioner traveled from the EOC to the JPIC at Lake Michigan College in Benton Harbor, Michigan. The JPIC
- moderator briefed the County Commissioner on the current situation and ECL. Communications with the Van Buren County EOC were established by commercial telephone.
Logs of all information transmitted between the EOC and the JPIC representative were maintained.
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Before the media briefings, the JPIC moderator conducted internal meetings to coordinate information.
The County Commissioner provided input on local conditions during these briefings. During the media briefings, the county public information representative was informed of the information provided by the PIO at the Van Buren County EOC. Information concerning all county protective action activities and EBS messages was provided to the media.
Objective 13: Emergency Information -. Rumor Control Demonstrate the capability to establish and operate rumor control in a coordinated and timely manner.*
Objective Status: Met.
Rumor* control is primarily a State function and was implemented at the CPCo Customer Service
'Center in Saginaw, Michigan. However, the Van Buren County EOC PIO perforiried rumor control* duties effectively. The JPIC furnished a rumor control telephone number. The PIO maintained constant contact with the JPIC and, when practical, referred rumor questions to other EOC staff members. Rumors relayed to the county rumor control function by the JPIC concerned.
such matters as looting in Covert and South Haven, Michigan, and police coming to shoot farm ariimals. The PIO responded to these rumors after discussing them with the EOC staff.
Objective 14: Iinplementation of Protective ActiOns *-* Use of KI for Emergency
- -Worker5, Institutionalized Individuals, and the General Public.
"* riemonstrate *the capability and. resources to implement KI protective actions for emergency workers, institutionaliied individuals, and, if the State plan specifies, the general public.*
Objective Status: Met The State Department of Health recommendecl the use of Kl for emergency workers and.certain iristltutionalized indi~iduals *at -1204.
The County Health Departmer:it distributed the KI.
Eighteen bottles were available, and an additional 200 bottles were available from Allegan County. The Kl expiration date was March 1996. Each bottle of KI had instructions on its use, the reason for using it, when to use it, and possible side effects.
. Objective 15: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Special Populations
- Demonstrate the capability and resources necessary to implement appropriate protective actions for special populations.
Objective Status: Met.
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J Staff at the Van Buren County EOC implemented protective actions for special-needs populations, including persons in adult foster cart! and _nursing homes. The DSS, Department of Health, and ARC worked as a team. Handicapped, special-needs, and mobility-impaired persons and. institutions were notified by telephone. The nine special-needs persons were contacted; then, adult foster care homes and nursing homes were notified. When the evacuation was ordered, the nine special-needs persons were moved out by their families and a bus. Adult foster care homes used their own vans and two buses to evacuate residents in wheelchairs.
- Ambulances were dispatched to the nursing home. All but one of the South Haven Hospital patients were released to their families. Evacuees were taken to the reception center at Gobles High School, then assigned to the appropriate care facilities.. Can Cass Cap Transportation Company provided a minibus with a wheelchair lift for a special-needs person in South Haven.
Objective 16: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Schools.
Demonstrate the capability and resources necessary to implement protective actions for school children within the plume pathway EPZ.
Objective Status: Met.
At the EOC, the school representative notified 11 schools that there would be a simulated early dismissal. Actual contact was established with teachers of the affected risk and host schools.
An out-of.:sequence interview was conducted with personnel. from the Covert Public Schools, including the District Superintendent, the high school principal, the Transportation Supervisor, and a bus driver. Written procedures are in place for early dismissal or evacuation of students from day care through 12th grade.
Enough radio-equipped buses would be available Jo*
simultaneously move the entire school population. Parents would be informed about the location of their children through EBS radio; the school program for latchkey children had informed parents of this procedure, which included plans to move the children to a reception center.
- Objective 17: Traffic and Access Control Demonstrate the organizational capability and resources necessary to control evacuation traffic flow and to control access to evacuated and sheltered areas.
Objective Status: Met.
The Van Buren* County Sheriff and partJ.c1pating municipal police demonstrated sufficient knowledge of traffic and access control logistics. Traffic Control Points (TCPs) were.planned and coordinated with the 'participating municipal, State, and county
- 1aw enforcement organizations, as well as the County Department of Public Works. A squad from the Sheriff's Department demonstrated the establishment of a TCP in the field.
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The Van Buren County sheriffs deputy who demonstrated the TCP discussed the distribution of maps to evacuees who request information on evacuation routes and reception center locations.
The strategy for distributing maps to evacuees was not clearly described in the plan (pages H-8 and H-9).
The Van Buren County Sheriff was aj.so responsible for dispatching the County Marine Division to control access and water traffic on Lake Michigan and coordinating water traffic control with the U.S. Coast Guard. Water-area traffic control measureS were established.
Issue: ARFI, Distribution of Evacuee Information Not Clearly Described in Plan
==
Description:==
The Van Buren County sheriffs deputy who demonstrated the TCP discussed the distribution of maps to evacuees who.request information on evacuation routes and reception center locations. The strategy for *distributing map information to evacuee.s was not clearly described in the plan (pages H-8 *and H-9). * (NUREG-0654 Reference J.10.)
Recommendation:
Procedures. for receiving evacuation information and maps at TCPs and
. distributing them to evacuees should be* developed. The *text and format of this information should reflect the needs of both pemianent and transient populations.
- objective 18: *Reception Center -
Monitoring, Decontamination, and Registration De_monstrate the adequacy of procedures, facilities, equip111en1, and personnel for the radiological.
'
- monitoring, decontamination, and registration of evacuees.
Objective Status:.Met.
The County EOC staff responded rap~dly_ to the GE. They simulated opening*three reception centers: Gobles High School, Fennville High School (Allegan County), and Paw High School.
Activation of the re~eption center at Lawrence *teaming Center was demonstrated out of sequence. At the EOC, DSS personnel worked closely with the County Health Department to ensure proper staffing for the 3,111 potential evacuees in Van Buren County.
In an out-of-sequence demonstration, the Lawrence Leaming Center was activated and operational within, 30 minutes. The County Health Department monitored decontamination activities and was supported by two.health physicists from the. RHD. The DSS managed the reception center and registered evacuees on ARC record forms. The facility was arranged to separate uncontaminated individuals from contaminated individuals, and procedures to minimize secondary contamination were in place. The monitors used currently calibrated CD V-700s equipped with earphones. The
- 1 probes were covered with pfastic, and the beta shield was open. The time required to monitor 32
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six evacuees was 2 minutes. Fourteen monitoring teams were available, more than enough to monitor 20% of the evacuated population within 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br />.
Decontamination of evacuees was demonstrated by actual and simulated activities, including removal of contaminated clothing, showers, issuance of temporary clothing, and remonitoring.
Evacuees unable to be decontaminate~ at the center were referred to a local hospital. Following the monitoring and decontamination, if needed, evacuees were directed to the registration area staffed by the ARC.
In an out-of-sequence demonstration, the Lawrence Volunteer Fire Department used CD V-700s to demonstrate monitoring and decontamination of vehicles. The* action level was 0.5 mR/hr.
If a vehicle was clean, it was parked in the "clean" parking area.
Vehicles found to be contaminated were sent to the decontamination area, where they were washed down. Afterward, if clean, they were parked in the clean parking area; if not, they were impounded and parked in the parking area for contaminated vehicles.
. Objective 19: Congregate Care Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, supplies, personnel, and procedures for congregate care of evacuees.
Objective Status: Met.
The ARC personnel at the EOC reviewed their requirements with the DSS. Before the GE, shelter managers were put on standby, and four shelters were activated after the GE was declared.
The shelters were capable of accommodating 3, 111 individuals, or 20% of the evacuated population:
Agencies represented at Lawrence High School included the following:
county emergency medical, mental health, and social services; school staff; amateur radio operators; and the ARC shelter manager and volunteers. This shelter provided essential services for evacuees, such as living area, rest rooms, food and water, child care, medical care, crisis counseling, and disaster welfare. Primary communications were provided by commercial telephone with radio as backup.
The shelter was capably operated by the ARC manager, who was knowledgeable about the logistics for the congregate care of evacuees.
Before receiving. shelter services, al_l evacuees would be screened to ensure th_at they had been monitored for contamination and processed. at the reception center.
Processing involved registering evacuees, tracking and reuniting families, and observing medical conditions.
Information about the registr~tion process and shelter services was available in both English and Spanish.
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Objective 22: Emergency Workers, Equipment, and Vehicles -
Monitoring and Decontamination Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures for the monitoring and decontamination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles.
Objective Status: Met.
Monitoring and decontamination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles were demonstrated at the Decatur/Hamilton Fire Department in Van Buren County. The staff consisted of the on-shift fire chief and 14 trained radiological monitors. Communications with the Van Buren County EOC were maintained primarily via commercial telephone, while the fire radio served as a backup system.
Emergency worker exposure control was demonstrated by the proper use of dosimetry. Each emergency worker was issued one 1LD and two DRDs (CD V-138 [~-200 rnR] and CD V-742
[0-200 R]).
All workers were aware of their 3-R maximum allowable dose and of the requirement to notify their supervisor immediately on reaching 1 R. Dosimeters were read every 30 minutes, and results were recorded on special forms. Dosimeters were distributed by the Radiological.Officer, who would also collect them after the mission and deliver them to the Van Buren County Health Department.
The monitoring and decontamination of vehicles and emergency workers were demonstrated in accordance with the plans and procedures. All monitoring was performed with four CD V-700 survey instruments. (Additional instruments were available upon request from the Van Buren.*
I County EOC.) Monitors verified the operability of the instruments with a check source and used earphones when surveying vehicles and individuals. Monitoring was performed with the beta shield open. A trigger level of 0.5 mR/hr above background was used to detenirine whether
- vehicles and emergency workers needed to be decontaminated. Monitors wore gloves, covered the survey instrument probes with. th.in plas'tic, and separated contaminated and uncontaminated vehicles and workers. Alth~ugh contaminated clothes were deposited into a designated co~tainer with a plastic liner, no label indicated it was a container of contaminated material.
Decontamination measures included removing contaminated clothing, using available shower
. facilities and siriks, donning new Clothes, and remonitoring individuals after decontamination.
If individuals had a fixed contamination above the trigger level, they would be referred to a medical facility.
Monitoring of emergency vehicles included surveying grilles, wheel areas, wheel wells, bumpers, tires, and door handles. If the vehicle was contaminated over 0.5 mR/hr above background, it would be decontaminated with low-pressure water hoses and remonitored. Sufficient equipment was available for all monitoiirig and decontamination activities.
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Prior Exercise Issue: ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September 1, 1992)
==
Description:==
After a person was found to be contaminated and the requiied decontaffiination procedures were completed, the person was not remonitored in the decontamination area. The person was directed back to the initial monitoring area. This action could have recontaminated clean workers.
Status: Resolved. Monitoring was performed at the exit from the decontamination shower area.
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J C. ALLEGAN COUNTY Objective 1: Mobilization of Emergency Personnel Demonstrate the capability to alert and fully mobilize personnel for both emergency facilities and field operations.
Demonstrate the capability to activate and staff emergency facilities for l
emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
Allegan County received the Alert notification at 0901.. The staff at the Allegan County Sheriffs Dispatch Center began telephoning EOC staff members whose names were on an up-to-date list.
The Sheriff was notified by pager. The EOC staff members were alerted and mobilized, and the
. EOC was declared fully operational by 0945. The EOC was fully staffed and performed all essential emergency operations.
Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipment, 'Displays, and.Work Environment Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met..
The Allegan County EOC had adequate space, furnishings, lighting, rest rooms, and ventilation to. support emergency operations. Backup power to support the communication systems was available in the Sheriffs office.. The EOC also had telephones, copiers, and fax machines.
- Typewriters, computers, and word processors were available in adjoining county offices. The*
following maps and displays were posted in the EOC and used throughout the exercise: IO-mile plume EPZ, ingestion pathway, evacuation routes, and locations of reception and congregate care centers, radiological monitoring points, population by evacuation area, and special facilities.
k The ECLs were posted as soon as they were received. Weather information and dose rates were also posted.
Statu~ ooards were updated in a timely manner and displayed significant events.
County *plans and procedures were available and used, and access to the EOC was controlled.
Prior Exercise Issue: ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September 1, 1992)
==
Description:==
There was no status board in the facility to keep the EOC staff informed of the current situation or important actions and information.
Status: Resolved. Status boards, charts, and maps were* available and used during the exercise.
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Objective 3: Direction and Control Demonstrate the capability to direct and control emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
The County EMC was effectively in ch~ge of activities in the Allegan County EOC. The EMC distributed current copies of the plan to the staff, disseminated information received from other locations through updates, conducted round-table briefings, and maintained logs of all activities.
. The activity logs included incoming and outgoing messages, actions of each staff section, and
. information sent. or received by fax.. The EMC involved the staff in decision making; staff
.members coordinated with their own agencies and similar agencies. of other jurisdictions.
I Van Buren. County liaison at the Allegan County EOC helped to ensure good co~rdination between the EOCs. The County EMC questioned the operations when actions taken \\Vere not
- clear. The EMC' s leadership and management skills, coupled with proper coordination, staff briefings, face-to-face updates, and appropriate use of displays enabied the County to direct and
- control the emergency operations during this exercise. The County Board of Commissioners Chief Executive also participated.
At the reception center demonstration, conducted out-of-sequence, the County DSS shared clirection and control of the fac~ity and staff.
- .. The emergency worker monitoring *and decontamination center had eight workers, including a
- team.leader.. Each worker had a copy of the procedures. The team leader issued instructions to the*workers and involved other. personnel in decision making.
Prior Exercise Issue:*, ARCA (Palisades' REP Exercise, September 1, 1992)
- . Descriptfo~: The~e wa5 concern about the Radiological Deiense Officer'~ iriability to pefform his required duties throughout the exercise.
f
. Status: Resolved.. A new Radiological Defense Officer demonstrated a thorough knowledge of.
- his* ~quired duties.
Objective* 4: Communications
- Demonstrate the cap~bility to communicate with all appropriate emergency personnel at facilities and in* the field.
Objective Status: Met.
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The pnmary communications system was 18 commercial telephone lines and a dedicated tel~phone line with conferencing capability. The backup systems included cellular telephone, computer, fax machine, two law enforcement radio systems, three fire radio systems, and two emergency medical radio systems. The EOC staff could communicate with the State EOC, surrounding counties, and all necessary county departments. Both primary and backup systems were tested without any breakdowns or undue delays.
Objective 5: Emergency Worker Exposure Control Demonstrate the ability to continuously monitor and control radiation exposure to emergency workers.
Objective Status: Met.
The capability to continuously monitor and control radiation exposure to emergency workers was demonstrated by traffic control personnel and monitors at the emergency worker monitoring and decontamination center. A dosimetry kit was assigned to each individual by* name and serial number. Each kit contained a 1LD, a 0-200 mR DRD, a 0-200 R DRD, instructions for the use of dosimetry (including exposure limits of 3 *R), and a personal log for recording dosimeter readings every 30 minutes. The dosimeters were zeroed before distribution. Dosimetry kits would be turned in at the emergency worker monitoring and-decontami.nation center at-the end of the assignment..* The dosimeters were inspected in March 1994. Emergency workers *were trained about KI, when and why to take it, and its possible side effects.
. Objective 10: Alert and Notification Demonstrate the capability to promptly alert and notify the public within the 10-mile plume pathway EPZ and disseminate instructional messages to the public on the basis of decisions *by appropriate state and local officials.
Objective Status: Me~.
Note: Van Bur~n County has the primary responsibility to activate the proinpt warning system and transmit EBS messages to the public. Allegan County coordinates its needs with Van Buren County.
The Allegan County EOC was activated when the State notified the county of the Alert* at the PNPP. The County EOC was activated at 0903 and escalated to SAE at 1010. The.ECLs were posted in the front of the EOC, where everyone could easily see them. No PAD was made. At 1026, the JPIC was activated and fully staffed in accordance* with the extent-of-play agreement.
At 1037, the Radiological Officer posted meteorological data and maps and conducted a staff 39
briefing. The information did not cause any concern because of the wind direction and affeC:ted area of the county.
Van Buren County notified Allegan County and the State Liaison in the Allegan County EOC of the Governor's PAD to shelter in place within 2 miles radially and out to 5 miles in downwind Sectors H, J, and K.
The County EOC received this PAD, which was issued because of a GE declared by the Utility.
Upon receipt of the PAD, the Allegan County EOC staff member coordinated the action required by the PAD with the Van Buren EOC, posted the information on the status board, and conducted a staff briefing.
All information was verified by the EMC, who on several occasions double-checked information before any actions were taken.
The second PAD was received by Allegan County. According to the instructions issued, all sectors were to evacuate out to 5 miles. At 1131, the EMC coordinated the, decision and the protective action requirements for Allegan County with Van.Buren County.
Objective 11: Public Instruction and Emergency Information Demonstrate the capability to coordinate. the formulation and diss~mination. of accurate information and mstructi6ns to the publl'c.
Objective Status: Met.
The Allegan County public information representatives arrived at the JPIC at 1000. The cou~ty representatives consisted of the City Manager and personnel from the Sheriffs Department. The JPIC was located at Lake Michigan College in Benton Harbor? Michigan. The Allegan County official reported to the JPIC moderator and was bnefed on the current situation and ECL.
Communications with Allegan County EOC were established by commercial telephone. Logs of all information transmitted between the EOC and the JPIC representati:ve were maintained.
The JPIC was the sole source of official information to the news media during the* emergency.
News media were enc;ouraged to send representatives to the JPIC, but when they could not, the media were informed of procedures to obtain information and a telephone number to call.
Allegan County coordinated Alert and Notification procedures with Van Buren County, which
. had the primary responsibility to alert and notify the public for the 10-rnile EPZ. If an incident.
occurs at the PNPP, EPZ counties are authorized to activate sirens and the EBS if Van. Buren County is unable to do so.
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- Objective 12: Emergency Information -
Media Demonstrate the capability to coordinate the development and dissemination of clear, accurate, and timely information to the news media.
Objective Status: Met.
Van Buren County coordinates all emergency information with Allegan County in the event of an incident involving the PNPP. The Allegan County spokesperson at the JPIC had access to all necessary information, and the technical staff responding to media inquiries had an open line between the Van Buren County EOC and the_ JPIC. Releases to the public from the JPIC included information from the Allegan County spokesperson, coordinated with Van Buren County.
Van Buren County retained the primary responsibility for the development and dissemination of clear, accurate, and timely information to the news media.
Information to the public contained the plant status, the ECL, and the potential for or actual release of radioactivity. When a protective action was provided to the public, the geographic areas covered by the protective action were described in terms of familiar landmarks and boundaries. The public was informed of ways to maximize protection when evacuating or sheltering; what to take when evacuating; evacuation routes;* locations of reception centers and congregate care centers; use of KI; and instructions for parents of students and transportation-dependent individuals.
Objective 13: Emergency Information -
Rumor Control Demonstrate the capability to. establish and operate rumor control iir a coordinated and timely.
manner.
Objective Status: Met.
The State of Michigan and CPCo worked with the Rumor Control Coordinator to establish and operate rumor control from the JPIC. Both had representatives at the JPIC to ensure that accurate information was relea5ed to the public. A rumor control telephone number was received from the JPIC. The JPIC was in continuous contact with the CPCo Service Center, and the Allegan County PIO wa5 in continuous contact with the JPIC. After discussion with the staff at the Allegan County EOC, JPIC personnel responded to rumors. The Allegan County PIO performed rumor control duties effectively, even though. most of the activity occurred at the JPIC.
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Objective 14: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Use of KI for Emergency
.. Workers, Institutionalized Individuals, and the General Public Demonstrate the capability and resources to implement KI protective actions for emergency workers, institutionalized individuals, and, if the State plan specifies, the general public.
Objective Status: Met.
The State Department of Public Health recommended that emergency workers ingest KI at 1228.
Sufficient quantities of KI were available at the County Health Department. The ~00-bottle inventory dated March 1996 was documented by physical. inspection.
Instructions for its use were distributed with the KI, including the reason for talcing it, when to talce it, and the Side effects. The KI was distributed to emergency workers by the County Health Department in accordance with the local plan.
Prior Exercise Issue: *ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September 1; 1992)
==
Description:==
The KI,tablets stockpiled by the County Health Department did not' have instructions with them.
- The KI tablets* were not distributed to emergency workers or institutionalized per8ons. during the exercise.
Status: Resolved. KI tables.and instructions were available for distribution.
Objective 15: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Special* Populations
- Demonstrate the capability and resources necessary to. implement appropriate protective actions for special* populations.
Objective Status: Met.'
The Allegan County EOC staff implemented protective actions for special-needs populations under the coordination of Van Buren County.
A list of transpo~tion-dependent and special-needs persons, mcluding those in adult foster care and nursing homes, was available.
Allegan County participated and Van Buren County coordinated the notification of handicapped, special-needs, and mobility-impaired persons and subsequent notification. of adult foster care homes and nursing homes. Adult foster care homes used their own vans and buses *in the evacuation process. Transport support was provided, as needed.
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Objective 17: Traffic and Access Control Demonstrate the orgariizational capability and resources necessary to control evacuation traffic.
flow and to control access to evacuated and sheltered areas:
Objective Status: Met.
The Allegan County traffic control team was mobilized and deployed from the County EOC following the Governor's decision to evacuate downwind sectors. The deputy in charge of this operation communicated with the EOC by a vehicle radio. Proper dosimeters (one TLD and two DRDs) along with appropriate instructions were issued before deployment. The use of KI was not recommended, nor was KI issued at this location.
The organizational capability and resources necessary to control evacuation traffic. flow and access to evacuated and sheltered areas were properly demonstrated. Both TCPs and ACPs were identified and staffed appropriately. The officer arrived without delay, demonstrated the proper equipment, and exhibited accurate knowledge of all essential responsibilities. The officer was knowledgeable of appropriate responses to changes in protective actions and traffic impediments.
No water, rail, or air traffic was subject to the authority of this county.
Objective 18: Reception Center -
Monitoring, Decontamination, and Registration Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures, facilities, equipment, and personnel for the radiological monitoring, decontamination, and registration of evacuees.
Objective Status: Met.
The Allegan County monitoring and decontamination center at Fennville High School was activated out of sequence by the County EOC following an evacuation order during a GE. The physical plant and staffing were adequate for these activities. Telephones constituted the primary communication medium, and pagers were used as backup. Proper dqsimetry (one TLD and two DRDs) with approp~ate instructions and documentation were issued before this activity commenced. The use of KI was not recommended, nor was KI used at this location.
The adequacy of' procedures, facilities, equipment, and personnel for the radiological monitoring, decontamination, and registration of evacuees was demonstrated. After the County EOC activated the center, the Fennville Fire Department assumed* responsibility for all activities. This center was collocated with the congregate care center at the Fennville High School and was operational within about an hour of activation. The physical plant was suitable for this activity, with adequate space and satisfactory contamination control. Three CD V-700 (Geiger-Muller probe) survey instruments (calibrated, operating properly, and equipped with earphones) were used. Six trained monitors were available; an average of. about 10 minutes was required to survey six 43
individuals. A meter reading of twice the background count was used to identify significant contamination. Contaminated individuals were decontaminated and remonitored before being sent through congregate care.
If a person could not be decontaminated, the person would be "packaged" and transported to an appropriate medical facility. Adequate contamination control measures and decontamination procedures were demonstrated. Each individual was properly registered on forms after completing monitoring and decontamination.
Satisfactory record-keeping procedures were employed, and records accompanied each individual as he or she passed into the collocated congregate care facility.
Procedures and equipment for radiological monitoring of vehicles and possessions were the same as those for personnel. These activities were demonstrated with a monitoring time of abo.ut 4 minutes per vehicle. Adequate facilities for decontamination and contamination control were exhibited.
- Vehicles that. were decontaminated were transported to a restricted area for disposition~ The monitoring teams were well-trained and demonstrated excellent technique.
Objective 19: Congregate Care Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, supplies, personnel, and procedures for
- congregate care of evacuees.
Objective Status: Met.
Allegan County activated the ~ongregate care center at Fennville High School oµt.. of sequence, following a Governor's evacuation order following the GE declaration. The physical plant and staffing were adequate to support this function.
Telephones constituted the primary communications. The staff was not supplied with dosimetry because they were beyqnd the contamination zone and did not contact contaminated. individuals or equipment.
The facilities, equipment, supplies, personnel, and procedures for congregate care of evacuees
- were satisfactory in all respects. The responsibility for this operation was shared by the ARC and the DSS, with support from the State Departments of Mental and Public Health. This facility could accommodate about 600 individuals, and an additional 1,900 could be accommodated in an adjacent school building. Access for disabled evacuees was demonstrated. Evacuees were
- monitored for contamination and screened at the collocated* monitoring and decon~ation facility. Registration and tracking of all individuals were demonstrated.
Objective 22: Emergency Worker, Equipment, and Vehicles -
Monitoring and Decontamination Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures for the monitoring and decontamination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles.
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-this objective was demonstrated out of sequence to accommodate the volunteers that operate the emergency worker monitoring and decontamination center. The Allegan County Sheriff Reserves were responsible for staffing this facility.
Twenty volunteers were trained in radiological monitoring.and decontamination procedures; six were present for the demonstration. A woman l
was available to monitor female emergency workers..
The volunteers were briefed and supplied with protective clothing and dosimetry kits. The protective clothing included gloves and booties. The dosimetry kits consisted of one TLD, one 0-200 mR DRD, one 0-200 R DRD, instructions for their use, a personal log for recording dosimeter readings every 30 minutes, and information that included the 3-R radiation exposure limits for emergency workers. CD V-700 survey instruments were used to monitor vehicles and personnel. They were checked for preparation, and the probes were covered with plastic. This facility had adequate space for monitoring and decontamination of both vehicles and personnel and was arranged for separation of clean and dirty vehicles.
Adequate measures were in place to minimize contamination arid prevent buildup of background radiation levels.
Adequate monitoring techniques were demonstrated for both vehicles and personnel. Uncontaminated emergency workers were advised to bathe and change clothes. The trigger point used for both vehicles and personnel was twice the background radiation level, or 0.5 mR/hr. T~mporary clothing would be available for individuals after remonitoring. Persons who could not be decontaminated would be referred to a medical facility by coordination through the County EOC.
Prior Exercise Issue: ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September 1, 1992)
==
Description:==
There were several female emergency workers, but there were no female personnel working at the showers.
Status: Resolved. Allegan County has enough female monitors for female emergency workers.
Prior Exercise Issue: ARCA (Palisades REP Exercise, September 1, 1992)
==
Description:==
There were no procedures or instructions available for handling contaminated workers who could not be decontaminated at the emergency worker decontamination center.
Status: Resolved. Allegan County has procedures for transportmg heavily contaminated persons:*
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D. BERRIEN COUNTY Objective l: Mobilization of Emergency Personnel Demonstrate the capability to alert and fully mobilize personnel for both emergency facilities and field operations.
Demonstrate the capability to activate and staff emergency facilities for emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
The Berrien County EOC received notification of the Alert ECL. Berrien County was a partial
- participant in this exercise. The Berrien County EOC was activated.- The response personnel listed on. the personnel roster were mobilized. The personnel roster was up to date as of April 1994. The Berrien County EOC was declared operational at 0955. All essential emergency operations were performed at the facility. The organization used effective procedures to alert, notify, and mobilize personnel in accordance with the requirements of the ECL.
Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipmen~ Displays, and Work Environment Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
Berrien County demonstrated adequate facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations. The EOC had adequate space, furnishings, lighting, rest rooms, and ventilation. Backup *generators were in place. Office equipment available to EOC staff included typewriters, computers, a word processor, a copier, and two fax machines. The maps and displays required by the county plan were posted and used throughout the exercise. Status,
- boards were updated within 10 minutes. Weather data were also kept current. Copies of the local plans and procedures were available and used by the EOC staff. The Sheriffs Department controlled access to the facility.
Objective 3: Direction and Control Demonstrate the capability to direct and control emergency operations.
Objective Status: Met.
The Berrien County EOC was activated and operational in a timely manner. Direction and control of the* emergency ~ere demonstrated by the EMC and the Chair of the Board of Commissioners. The EMC and the Chair of the Board of Commissioners issued joint instructions 47
to the staff, which were reviewed and authorized by the Chair before distribution. The EMC directed an assistant to distribute copies of the county plan and procedures, instructed the staff to retain message logs, and coordinated activities to carry out the emergency functions.
Briefings and staff meetings were conducted. Staff logs, copies of messages, and records of outgoing messages were also mainta\\ned by the EOC staff. The leadership included ail EOC members in decision making and coordinated with other authorities and jurisdictions, such as the State and participating counties..
Objective 4:. Communications Demonstrate. the ~apabilify to,communicate with all appropriate. emergency personnel at facilities
- and in the field.
Objective Status: *Met'.
The Berrien County EOC hc;td several communication systems, including 16 telephone lines; a fax machine; and police,. fire, and amateur radio syst~ms. The 911 telephone system ~as also *
!ocated in the.EOC. _The Li;:~ teletype was available as an.alternate.c.ommunications system.
- Both primary and backup systems were tested without any breakdowns. or. delays. The. amateur radio' wa5 used for co~unication with* the. TCP. The county demonstrated* the ability to.*
communicate with the Stat~. Van *Buren County, and all necessary emergency orgai;tizations within ~e county.
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..pbj~ctive.10: Alert an.d Notifieation
- . <nemonsti-~ie the *capability.to promptly alert and notify, the public within theJO-mil~: plume *
'. ***.. pathway_EPZ and dlsseminat~ insir{ictionat mes~ages, to tlie public on th~ basis of decisions by
- appropfiate state* and local officials. * * **
Objective Status: *Met.
The Van Buren County EOC was responsible for the deyelopment and release.of emergency notification, information, and instructions to the public. Berrien County monitored the activation
.of the system and forwarded.its approval.of all information releases to Van Buren County to ensure that all information was appropriate for the ECL in Berrien County. The State had liaisons at both the Berrien and Van Buren County EOCs, and they monitored all inforination.
from the State, the Utility, and other participating counties.* The county had pre-scripted EBS messages available and a LEIN connection for direct communication with area EBS radio stations for emergency releases. Pre-scripted messages were used to notify the various.State and county emergency response sites.
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Objective 11: Public Instructions and Emergency Information
. -Demonstrate. the* capability to coordinate the formulation and dissemination of accurate information and instructions to the public.
Objective Status: Met.
Berrien County serves as a backup for Van Buren County, which is responsible for the prompt notification, activation, broadcast, and* public alert for.an emergency.
All State-and Utility-released messages were coordinated through the State and the JPIC. The messages must accurately reflect the PARs* made by the decision mcikers.. During an actual emergency, the public would be notified by the Van Buren County EOC.
Objective 12: Emergency Information -
Media
. Demonstrate the capability to coordinate the development and dissemj.nation of clear, accurate, and. timely information to the news media.
- Objective Status: Met.
Two Berrien County public information representatives were at the _JPIC. Information regarding status and events within the county was telephoned and faxed to them from.the EOC. Two sh~riffs deputies at the EOC maintained almost constant contact with the JPIC representatives to ensure prompt exchange of information. The deputies were able to see all charts and status, boards and to hear and participate in staff discussions. Accurate information was immediately available to them and; in turn, to the JPIC.
The Berrien County public information representatives. arrived at the JPIC at 1000. the county representatives consisted of officers from the Sheriffs Department as well as the Berrien County
- 'Sheriff. *The JPIC was located at Lake Michigan College in Benton Harbor, Michigan.. The Berrien Coi.mry" representative reported to the JPIC moderator and was J:>riefed on* the current situation and ECL.
Communications with the Berrien* County EOC were established by commercial telephone-. Logs of all information transmitted between the EOC and the JPIC representative were maintained. Before the media brieilngs, the JPIC moderator conducted internal meetings for coordinating information.. The Berrien County representative provided input on local conditions during these meetings. The county representative was provided with information by the PiO at the Berrien County EOC. IIlformation concemmg all county pro~ective action activities and EBS messages was provided to the media.
49
- 1.
Objective 13: Emergency Information -
Rumor Control Demonstrate the capability to establish and operate rumor control _in a coordinated. and timely manner.
Objective Status: Met.
Rumor control was *located at the CPCo Customer Service Center and used the CPCo customer
~ervice staff. Tlie service center. was connected to the JPIC by. fax machine and telephone.
. Questions raised by rumor control were answered by the appl;'opriate JPIC representative, and data
,; **were provided to the.Rumor Control_ Coordinator. In tum, the BerriepCounty PIO. in tl;ie JPIC provided correct information to the Rumor Control Coordinator.
In. the County EOC, two' individuals provided information. on an almost constant* basis to the County representatives in the JPIC and resporide*d to their questions. Queries related to the rumor
- control function were interchanged, analyzed, and answered.* The County EOC staff-responded_
appropriately. Because of the frequent, almost*constaQt, excha11ge of information between the JPIC and the County EOC, rumor control was established, operated, and coordinated in a timely
. fuanner. A telephone number for the public to use t~ recei~e informatiOn concerning the power
-plant situation. was *disseminated. to the public ~d to, the County EOC.
- Objective 16: *Implementation of Protective Actions -
Schools
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Demonstra~e the.. capa,bility _!llld resources necessary t~;*implement p~o'~ective :.actions for*
- .. schoolchildren within the plume pathway EPZ.
- Objective StatUs: Met. * :
The Berii.~n Coqnty EOC. ~:taff was notified of_ emergency. co~di~i~ns at the PNPP by 'telephone.
. *.from the V~n Buren CountyEOC. The Berrien County EOC then notified the responsible school.
., offieial,. th~ Sodal Services.Diiecior.
- The Social Services Director considered the. following
'at the time.the PARs* were received, 'preplanned strategies for protective action~ for the ECL, location of the students at the time of notification, and wind se~tors involved... When they were--
notified of emergency conditions, Berrien County.school officials. decided and implemented protective actions f.or. schools. They pr~vided a~c~rate information on the status of,, school protective actions* to organizations responsible for emergency notificatio11..
An interview was conducted at Coloma School District. Representatives from the district's.
two elementary schools, high school, preschool, and special education school were present. The District Assistant Superintendent would be notified by. the Berrien County School District representative at the EOC. The Assistant Superintendent would notify the schools, and the 50
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principal would notify the. Transportation Supervisor. The schools had written procedures for sheltering, early dismissal, and relocating schoolchildren to school reception centers.
The
- Superintendent would recommend early dismissal. Parents and guardians would be notified by radio before early dismissal of students. The radio *station would. execute the early dismissal notification procedure. The location where parents can pick up their children is published in a monthly headliner paper. During a ra,diological emergency, pickup locations would be broadcast over the radio station and weather channel.
Latchkey children would be kept at the school until the parents or guardians were notified. The parent information is kept in a file at the school. During a radiqlogical emergency evacuation,.
17 buses would be available to transport children. Traffic control at the schools would be conducted by the police department. The buses were equipped with radios and maps. Bus drivers are briefed (trained) once a month, and the school officials meet with the county officials monthly.
Objective 18: Reception Center -
Monitoring, Decontamination, and Registration Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures, facilities, equipment, and personnel for the radiologic"al monitoring, decontamination, and registration of evacuees.
Nonevaluated Interview If this interview had been evaluated, the objective would have been met with no issues.
- Berrie~ County elected to demonstrate this objective throµgh an interview, without the benefit of evatuation. The Social Services Representative at the EOC was interviewed during the exercise. The Social Services Representative was responsible for the activation of reception centers and would determine which shelters to activate on the basis of the situation. Although more than one shelter might be put on standby~ the. decision to activate a particular shelter would be made no later than the time of the evacuation order, or in the case of additional shelters, if it became clear that additional spaces were needed.
Decontamination facilities would be activated by the Radiological Officer and staffed by the Berrien County.Health Department, DSS, ARC, and the local fire department. Monitoring would
. be done with CD V-700 stirvey meters. The decontamination.facilities provided for separate facilities for males* and females and replacement of contaminated clothing. The action level for
- decontamination. was twice normal background or 0.5 mR/hr.
The interview and m~terials reviewed indicated. effective procedures.
Survey, release, or decontamination procedures were essentially the same. for vehicles used by evacuees and emergency workers. The action level was anything greater than two times normal background or 0:5 mR/hr. Vehicles would be monitored with a CD V-700 with the probe shield 51
open. Procedures provide for monitoring the areas most likely to accumulate radioactivity. If further cleaning of contaminated vehicles was not feasible, the vehicles would be held in isolated storage in controlled areas, under the direction of the MDPH, which would determine the best
- method for further decontamination.
The ARC would register the evacu~s: on the standard ARC multiple-copy form. *This form records pertinent information and establishes a record for each evacuee. The reception centers have adequate space, personnel, and resources for monitoring, decontaminating, and registering evacuees.
Objective 19: *Congregate Care Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, supplies, personnel, and procedures for congregate care of evacuees.
~onevaluated Interview:
. If tl)is interview had been evaluated, the objective would have been met. with no issues.
Berrien County demonstrated this objective through an interview. The Berrien County DSS is responsible for the congregate care centers. The ARC would manage the centers; and the.schools **
would provide facility management, maintenance, and food preparation.
Thi~ objective was demonstrated through an-interview in* the EOC during the exercise: If the EOC staff decided to activate a congregate. care.. center on the basis of a recommendation by.the S<?cial Services
. Representative, the ARC would dispatch* pers.onnel.
An amateur radio operator Would be dispatched to provide additional communications between the center and the EOC. The primary congregate care center would be the Lybrook Elementary School in Eau Claire, ¥ichigan, which
. has a capacity of 611. If the capacity was ~xceeded, additional care facilities.would be opened,
- in the Berrien Springs schools. Data were availabfo.~n the.capacities of these centers, and
- numbers of evacue*es being processed through the reception centers would be monitored to ensure that the capacities were not exceeded. Essential. services,' such *as shelter, *sanitation; family assistance, child care *. and first aid, are addressed in the procedures'. Food service would be
_provided by the sch~ol cafeteria, and the ARC would provide.food, although the.first meal might have to be fast.food locally catered and paid for by the ARC. Managerial personnel for the center would be provided by the ARC. Nurses would be assigned from the ARC and Public Health Service. Cooks,* kitchen helpers, servers, building maintenance pe~onnel, and sanitation personnel would.be assigned from the school.* Registration clerks, crisis counselors,. social workers, and child care personnel would be assigned from the. DSS. Local police would provide security personnel. The procedures provide adequate space for functions such as emergency medical care, reception, regis~ration, meals, necessary storage, and child care. Each individual would get at least two hot m~~s. at least a quart of drinking water, and at least five gallons of all-purpose water per day. Initial supplies of paper products, cleaning materials, toiletry items, 52
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and registration materials would suffice until additional supplies could be obtained. Procedures provide for screening: evacuees to ensure against contamination and for registering and tracking evacuees coming to the facility.
Objective 22: Emergency Workers, Equipment, and Vehicles -
Monitoring and Decontamination Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures for the monitoring and decontamination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles.
Objective Status: Met.
The procedures for monitoring and decontamination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles were discussed during an interview with the facility manager. The procedures provide for minimizing contamination of the decontamination facility. Measures would be taken to prevent buildup of background radiation levels due to the accumulation of contaminated clothing, equipment, and waste. All decontamination facilities would be located outside the primary EPZ and activated by the Radiological Officer. They would be staffed by County Health Department, DSS, ARC, local fire department, and other personnel. Supervisors of emergency workers would confirm dosimetry readings, and emergency workers would be surveyed and decontaminated,.as necessary.
Monitors would use. CD V-700 survey meters with the probe shield open.
Background radiation levels would be checked every 30 minutes with the probe shield closed.
The number of assigned monitors depends on the facility, but monitorS would be available ~
sufficient numbers. Monitors would be clothed and taped properly. Procedures provide for removal of contaminated clothing, showering for decontamination, remonitoring, and replacement of clothing for decontaminated individuals. Each facility provides separate showers for men. and women.. After showering, individuals would be remonitored.
Any individuals with fixed contamination above two times background or 0.5 mR/hr would be referred to a medical facility.
The CD V-700 would also be used for vehicle monitoring. Survey, release, or decontamination procedures for vehicles are the same as for vehicles used by evacuees. The action level is anything greater than.twice background or 0.5 mRJhr. Procedures provide for monitoring the areas most likely to accumulate radioactivity (bumpers, grilles, air intakes, wheel areas, etc.).
Vehicles would* be re monitored after being. washed, and if contamination efforts failed, the
. vehicle would be held in isolated storage in controlled areas under the direction of the MDPH, which would deterinine the best method for further decontamination.
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SUMMARY
LISTING OF EXERCISE FINDINGS A. STATE OF MICHIGAN
- 1. Deficiencies No Deficiencies were identified for the State of Michigan.
- 2. Areas Requiring Corrective Action Three ARCAs were identified for the State of Michigan.
Issue: Objective 12, JPIC
==
Description:==
Although the JPIC facility was well organized and set up in accordance with their designated layout, the layout was not incorporated irito the current plans and procedures.
(NUREG-0654 References E.7., G.3.a., G.3.b., G.4.a., G.4.b., G.4.c.)
Recommendation: The designated layout for setting up the JPIC facility should be incorporated into the current plans and procedures.
Proposed Corrective Action: The. JPIC is a Utility facility, and its floor plan, etc., are not incorporated into State or local plans. FEMA should discuss perceived Utility problems with the
- *u.s. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Issue: Objective 12, JPIC
==
Description:==
Communications among all offsite and Utility response organizations were maintained through commercial telephone systems. However, no alternate or backup systems were included in the plans and procedures. (NUREG References E.7., G.3.a., G.4.a., G.4.c.)
Recommendation: Existing backup communication capabilities should be used to support JPIC operations, and the arrangement should be incorporated into the current plans and procedures.
Proposed Corrective Action: A backup communication system with: cellular telephones will be developed for the State response organization. It will be demonstrated at the D.C. Cook exercise in May 1995.
55
Issue: Objective 12, JPIC
==
Description:==
Although media briefings provided sufficient information, the presentations were sometimes unclear and provided conflicting information. During the second media briefing, the spokesperson provided a detailed description of the evacuation area, but did not mention that it was an "evacuation area" until after all *street boundaries were given.
Also~ during the second media briefing, confusing information was provided regarding an offsite radioactive release. The CPCo representative mentioned that a "puff of radioactivity" was released. Then, the State RHD spokesperson mentioned that FMTs had no radiation levels to report. The Utility health physicist mentioned that levels of 700 mRJhr 4 miles from the plant had been reported. This radiation level information was received by the JPIC at least 15 minutes before the RHD spokesperson's briefing. {NUREG-0654 Reference E.7.)
Recommendation: Additional training on media briefing presentations should be provided to the designated JPIC spokespersons.
Proposed Corrective Action: The annual training program with JPIC and PIO personnel will stress correct information flow and release of information procedures. They will be demonstrated at the D.C. Cook exercise in May 1995.
- 3. Areas Recommended for Improvement One ARFI was identified for the State of Michigan. *
- Issue: Objective 13, JPIC
==
Description:==
The JPIC did not immediately respond to all information, and the flow of information to Rumor Control from the JPIC was slow.
Rumor control did not receive information that the JPIC was operational. *Rumor control staff began fielding calls from the *
- public at 0937.. Rumor control staff called the JPIC telephone number at 0945, 0950, and 1000, but did not get a response. Rumor control staff called the JPIC at 1039 and was informed that the JPIC was activated and operational. (NUREG-0654 References G.4.a., G.4.b., G.4.c.)
Recommendation: The JPIC staff should be more conscientious about timely communication and
. providing current information to the rumor control operation. This was corrected during the 1995 I
D.C. Cook exercise.
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B. VAN BUREN COUNTY
- 1. Deficiencies No Deficiencies were identified for Van.Buren County.
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- 2. Areas Requiring Corrective Action Two ARCAs were identified for Van Buren County.
Issue: Objective 1, Van Buren County EOC
==
Description:==
The notification information was not forwarded to Allegan and Berrien Counties over the LEIN as specified in the plan. During the exercise, however, the counties received the appropriate information from the State over the LEIN. (NUREG-0654 Reference N.l.a.)
Recommendation: The directive of the plan should be followed, or the plan should be revised.
Proposed Corrective Action: Notification procedures are being revised *to a checklist format.
Annual training will stress use of the checklist to ensure timely and complete notifications.
Issue: Objective l, Van Buren County EOC
==
Description:==
The ECL declaration time was recorded as the message receipt time on the Nuclear Plant Accident Notification Form. (NUREG-0654 Reference N.1.a.)
Recommendation: The ECL declaration time and message receipt times should be* recorded separately and appropriately on the designated form. A message log that tracks messages by receipt time could be monitored by the responsible Sheriffs dispatcher.
Proposed Corrective Action: Additional training on the use of the notification form will be provided to dispatch personnel.
- 3.
- Areas Recommended for Improvement Two ARFis were identified for Van Buren County.
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Issue: Objective 2, Van Buren County EOC
==
Description:==
No backup power was available in the Van Buren County EOC. (NUREG-0654 Reference H.3.)
Recommendation: Backup power sqould be provided at the Van Buren County EOC.
Issue: Objective 17, Van Buren County TCP
==
Description:==
The Van Buren County sheriffs deputy who demonstrated the TCP discussed the distribution of maps to evacuees who request information on evacuation routes and reception center locations. The strategy for distributing map information to evacuees was not clearly described in the plan (pages H-8 and H-9). (NUREG-0654 Reference J.10.)
Recommendation: Procedures for receiving informational evacuee maps at TCPs and distributing the maps and information to evacuees should be developed.. The text and format of this information should reflect the needs _of both permanent and transient populations.
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C. ALLEGAN COUNTY
- 1. Deficiencies No Deficiencies were identified for Allegan County.
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- 2. Areas Requiring Corrective Action No ARCAs were identified for Allegan County.
- 3. Areas Recommended for Improvement No ARFis were identified for Allegan County.
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D. BERRIEN COUNTY
- 1. Deficiencies No Deficiencies were identified for Berrien County.
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.. A~J reas eqmrmg orrective ct1on No ARCAs were identified for Berrien County.
- 3. Areas Recommended for Improvement No ARFis were identified for Berrien County.
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APPENDIX A:
EXERCISE EVALUATORS Position l-Evaluator Affiliation a Exercise Director C. Gatewood-Brown FEMA State-of Michigan EOC C. Gatewood-Brownb FEMA-M. Geer KLT D. Waddell ANL Service Center R. Holden ANL JPIC W. Nowicki ANL Initial Notification Point D. Waddell ANL Van Buren County I
EOC E. Hakalab ANL f
F. Wilson ANL S. Curtis ANL JPIC.
W. Nowicki ANL EBS Station W. Nowicki ANL Dosimetry Distribution F. Wilson ANL Emergency Worker W. Nowicki-ANL Monitoring/
Decontamination -
Center TCP/ACP -
S. Curtis ANL
_J EV-2 School Interview S. Curtis
-ANL_
Reception Center F. Wilson ANL Congregate -Care Center S. Curtis ANL Initial Notification Point S. Curtis ANL Allegan County EOC C. Lloydb FEMA J
A. Lookabaugh ANL T. Carroll ANL K. Flynn ANL JPIC W. Nowicki ANL Dosimetry Distribution T. Carroll ANL l
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Position Evaluator Affiliation a Allegan Count (Cont.)
T. Carroll ANL Emergency Worker Monitoring/
Decontarriination Center TCP/ACP K. Flynn ANL Reception Center K. Flynn ANL Congregate Care Center K. Flynn ANL Initial *Notification Point A.. Lookabaugh ANL Berrien County EOC B. McMahanb FEMA R. Anthony
.R. Anthony CPR Congregate Care Center*
R. Anthony.
CPR.*
EV -2* School Interview B. Thomas
- -FEMA Initial Notification Point R. Anthony CPR a FEMA = Federal Emergency Management Agency ANL = Argonne National Laboratory KL T = K.L. Travis and Associates
/
CPR = Center for Planning and Research b Team leader 62
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APPENDIX B:
EXERCISE OBJECTIVES Objective 1: Mobilization of Emergency Personnel Demonstrate the capability to alert and fully mobilize personnel for both emergency facilities and field operations.
Demonstrate the capability to activate and staff emergency facilities for emergency operations.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes Expected Demonstra~ion: Staff personnel for the State and Van Buren, Allegan, and Berrien County EOCs will demonstrate alert, mobilizatiop, and activation in sequence with the exercise.
Van Buren and Berrien Counties will also demonstrate alert, mobilization, and activation of JPIC personnel. State and Allegan County JPIC personnel will be pre-positioned. Van. Buren and Allegan County personnel for emergency worker decontamination
- centers, public reception/decontamination, and congregate care centers will be pre-positioned at their facilities.
Alert, mobilization, and activation procedures can be observed at warning entry points (MSP Special Operations Division and County Sheriff Departments). Berrien County will _demonstrate
- limited EOC staffing.
Objective 2: Facilities -
Equipmen4 Displays, and Work Environment Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, displays, and other materials to support emergency operations.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes Expected Demonstration: This objective will include the demonstration of the setup of the State and County EOCs, but not the JPIC.
63
Objective 3: Direction and Control Demonstrate the capability to direct and control emergency operations.
State of Michigan:
Yes van* Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes Expected Demonstration: All activities will be demonstrated in accordance with the plans and procedures.
Objective 4: Communications
- . D~monstrate the capabi~ty to coinmunicate with all appropriate emergency personnel at facilities (Uld in the field.
State of Michigan:. Yes
. Van Buren County: Yes
. '. AJ.Iegan (:aunty:
- Yes Berrien County:
. Yes
- Expected Demonstration: All activities. will be demonstrated in accordance with. ~e. plans and.
procedures.
Objective 5:
- Emergency Worker Exposure Control.
Demonstrate the ability to continuously monitor and control radiation exposure to emergency workers.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
No 64
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Expected Demonstration: Dosimetry kits will be distributed to the appropriate personnel at the Van Buren and Allegan County emergency worker decontamination centers, reception/
decontamination centers, and TCPslACPs. The State will support County demonstrations with information on exposure control and dose assessment.
Objective 7: Plume Dose Projection Demonstrate the capability to develop dose projections and P ARs regarding evacuation and sheltering.
State of Michigan:
Yes
- Van Buren County: NIA Allegan County:
NI A Berrien County:
NI A
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Expected Demonstration: This objective will be demonstrated by the MDPH RHD at the State EOC in Lansing.
Objective 9: Plume Protective Action Decision Making Demonstrate the capability to make timely P ADs.
. State of Michigan:* Yes
- Van Buren County: NIA Allegan County:
NI A Berrien County:
°t'!I A Expected Demonstration: All activities will be demonstrateq.in accordance with the plans and procedures.
Objective 10: Alert and Notifi~tion Demonstrate the capability to promptly alert and notify the public within the 10-mile plume pathway EPZ and disseminat~ _instructional messages to the public on the basis of decisions by appropriate state and local officials.
65
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Ailegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes Exoected Demonstration: The Van Buren County Sheriffs Department is the primary activation point for the public warning system for the primary EPZ, acting for Van Buren, Allegan, and Berrien Counties. Allegan and Berrien Counties do not control the sirens nor do they issue a
- separate EBS message. The State and Allegan and Berrien Counties will provide information to Van Buren County for release in the EBS message or the Governor's order to activate the siren system with geographic boundaries, as appr<?priate.
Objective 11: Public Instructions and ~mergency Information..
. Demonstrate the capability. to coordinate the formulation and dissemination' of accurate information and instructions,to the public.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:*
Yes Expected Demon~tration: This objective will be deinonstrated at the :Ji>IC (inf~nilation) and through EBS announc:ements (warning) from the Van Btiren County EOC.
Objective 12: Emergency Information -
Media
- 'Demonstrate the capability *to coordinate the development and. dissemination of clear, accurate, and timely information to the news media.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes 66
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Expected Demonstration: All activities will be demonstrated in accordance with the plans and procedures.
Objective 13: Emergency Information -
Rumor Control Demonstrate the capability to establish.and operate rumor control in a coordinated and timely manner.
State of Michigan:
Yes
- Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes Expected Demonstration: Rumor control for the PNPP is located at the CPCo Customer Service Center and uses CPCo customer service staff. The service center is connected to the JPIC by fax machine and telephone. QQestions raised by rumor control are. answer~d by the appr~priate representative, and data are provided to the Rumor Control Coordinator.
Objective 14: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Use of KI for Emergency Workers, Institutionalized Individuals, and the General Public Demonstrate the capability and resources to implement KI protective actibns for emergency workers, institutionalized individuals, and, if the State Plan specifies, the general public.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:.
No Expected Demonstration: Simulated KI will be distributed to emergency workers in Van Buren and Allegan Counties along with their dosimetry kits., if driven by the scenario. The State will demonstrate this objective through decision making and orders to the counties to implement the protective action.
67
Objective 15: Implementation of Protective Actions -
Special Populations Demonstrate the capability and resources necessary to implement appropriate protective actions for special populations.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
No Exoected Demonstration: Lists of transportation-dependent and special-needs persons are kept by Van Buren County. No personnel will be moved. Equipment lists and rosters will be available in the Van Buren County EOC. No telephone calls to transportation-dependerit persons
-will be made.
-*Objective 16: Impiementation of Proteetive Aetions-_ Schools- -
. *~.
_ Demonstrate the-capability and resources necessary to implement protective actions _for
-. schoolc~dren ~ithin the plume pathway EPZ.
State of:Miclllgan:
No*
Van Bure~ county:- Ye~,
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Allegan County:
No Berrien County:
Yes Expected Demonstration: EV-2.interviews will be arranged With the Covert.(Van Buren) and Coloma (Berrien) Sc~ool Districts.
Objective 17: 'Traffic and Access Control Demonstrate the org~nizational capability and resources necessary to control evacuation traffic -
flow and to control access to-evacuated and sheltered areas.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren County: Yes 68
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Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
No Expected Demonstration:. Van Buren and Allegan Counties will each demonstrate one ACP in sequence with the exercise. (Allegan County's demonstration will be conducted near the City l
of Allegan.)
Objective 18: Reception Center -
Monitoring, Decontamination, and Registration Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures, facilities, equipment, and personnel for the radiological monitoring, decontamination, and registration of evacuees.
State of Michigan:
Yes Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
- No Expected Demonstration:
Van Buren and Allegan Counties will each fully demonstrate a reception/decontamination center.
These demonstrations will be out of sequence with the exercise, and the personnel staffing the centers will not go through alert, mobilization, activation, or shift changes. Berrien County will demonstrate its capabilities through interviews at the Berrien County EOC. The State will support Van Buren and Allegan with radiological health personnel at the reception/decontamination centers.
Objective 19: Congregate Care Demonstrate the adequacy of facilities, equipment, supplies, personnel, and procedures for congregate care of e'\\Cacuees.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
No Expected Demonstration:
Van Buren and Allegan Coupties will each fully demonstrate a congregate care center. These demonstrations will be out of sequence with the exercise, and the 69
personnel staffing the centers will not go through alert, mobilization, activation, or shift changes.
Berrien County will demonstrate its capabilities through an interview at the Berrien County EOC.
. Objective 20: Medical Services -
Transportation Demonstrate the adequacy of vehicles, *equipment, procedures, and personnel for transporting contaminated, injured, or exposed individuals.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren Coun.ty: Yes (will be demonstrated on September 28, 1994)
Allegan County:
No Berrien County:
No Objective 21: Medical Services -
Facilities Demonstrate the adequacy of the equipment, procedures, supplies, and personnel of medical facilities responsible for treat:rilent of contaminated, injured, or exposed individuals.
State of Michigan:
No Van.Buren County: Yes (wiU be demonstrated on September 28, 1994)
Allegan County:
No Berrien County:
No Objective 22: Emergency Workers, Equipment, and Vehicles -
Monitoring and Decontamination Demonstrate the adequacy of procedures for the monitoring and de~oritarnination of emergency workers, equipment, and vehicles.
State of Michigan:
No Van Buren County: Yes Allegan County:
Yes Berrien County:
Yes 70
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Expected Demonstration: Van Buren and Allegan Counties will each fully demonstrate an emergency worker decontamination center. These demonstrations will be out of sequence with the exercise, and the personnel staffing the centers will not go through alert, mobilization, activation, or shift changes. State personnel will provide technical support at each facility.
Berrien County will demonstrate its capabilities through interviews with the facility manager.
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J APPENDIX C:
EXERCISE SCENARIO
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73
Allegan County Berrien County Van Buren Time Onsite Activities State EOC EOC EOC County EOC JPIC 0800 Initial conditions.
About Vital power is lost, 0830 resulting in loss of shutdown cooling.
Alert is declared.
Offsite authorities are MSP Operations Sheriffs notified of the Alert.
receives notice of Department Alert at plant.
receives notice of Alert at* plant.
MSP Operations Sheriffs Department Sheriffs Sheriffs notifies EMD, receives notice of Department Department RHD, MSP District Alert from Van Buren.
receives notice of dispatcher notifies Headquarters, and County and MSP Alert from Van County EMD and counties via LEIN.
Operations.
Buren County and Allegan and
...J MSP Operations.
Berrien County Sheriffs Sheri~f.s Department Sheriffs Departments.
notifies County Department Emergency Services.
- notifies County Coordinator (ESC)
ESC and Sheriff.
and Sheriff.
The TSC is activated.
EMD and RHD County ESC notifies County ESC County ESC confer on plant Chair of the Board of notifies Chair of notifies Chair of Steam generator A hot status. The Commissioners.
the Board of the Board of and cold leg nozzle Governor's office is Commissioners.
Commissioners.
dams fail.
notified; and a State of Disaster declara-lion is requested
- under Act 390~ (S)
- Local governments may or may not declare a State of Emergency under local plans and timing of Governor's Disaster declaration.
- .11.
I
~-
i.......
Allegan County Berrien County Van Buren County Time Onsite Activities State EOC EOC EOC EOC JPIC Plant provides Governor concurs Staff members are Staff members are Staff members are I 5-minute updates to and declares a State notified and report to notified and report notified and report State.
of Disaster, EOC and JPIC for to EOC and JPIC to EOC and JPIC activating State and operations.
for operations for operations.
local plans. (S)
(partial EOC staffing).
JPIC is ordered to
'be activated.
EOC, FTC, and JPIC personnel are mobilized.
State notifies FEMA, Indiana, and Ontario of Alert classification. (S)
-..J Ul Once State EOC is Once Allegan County Once Berrien Once Van Buren operational, MSP EOC is operational, County EOC is County EOC is Operations is they notify State EOC operational, they operational, they notified and taken and open communica-notify State EOC notify State EOC out of communica-tions to State EOC
-and open com-and open com-tions flow.
and JPIC.
munications to munications to State -EOC and State EOC and JPIC.
JPIC.
About Boiling begins in State EOC notifies 0900 reactors vessel. Loss counties and Utility of coolant to con-of Disaster.
tainment sump occurs.
Declaration, State EOC activation, and About Primary cooling system status of operations.
The JPIC is 1000 boil-off results in operational.
containment temperature and humidity increase.
-...J O'I Time About 1045 Onsite Activities An SAE (or higher) is declared.
Plant notifies State EOC of classification change.
Fuel is uncovered, and fuel damage begins.
A GE is declared because of core damage The Utility notifies the State of the GE, including PADs.
The EOF is
- operational.
State EOC
.The State is notified of the SAE. *,.
Allegan* County EOC State EOC notifies Allegan County EOC of the SAE.
Berrien County*
EOC State EOC notifies Berrien County EOC of the SAE.
Van Buren County EOC State EOC notifies Van Buren County EOC of the SAE.
County reception/decontamination/congregate care centers are put on standby. (S)
State EOC receives notice of the GE.
State issues PAD to counties via fax machine and hot line telephones.
State EOC notifies Allegan County EOC of the GE.
Allegan County EOC receives. the PAD.
State EOC notifies Berrien County EOC of the GE.
Berrien County EOC receives the PAD.
State EOC notifies Van Buren County EOC of the GE.
Van Buren County EOC receives the PAD.
Van Buren County activates siren system. (S)
JPIC State EOC notifies the JPIC of the SAE.
The JPIC opens lines to State EOC Allegan, Berrien, and Van Buren County EOCs, and Utility and begins formu-lating briefings on plant status and offsite actions.
State EOC notifies JPIC of the GE.
The JPIC receives the PAD.
~
- i.-....
~ -
.~
Allegan County Berrien County Van Buren Time Onsite Activities State EOC EOC EOC County EOC JPIC Allegan County Berrien County Van Buren County Media briefings are provides data to Van provides data to notifies EBS held on a regular Buren County EOC Van Buren County station of PAD.
basis.
for inclusion in EBS EOC for inclusion message.*
in EBS message.
County opens County opens County open~
reception, reception, reception, decontamination, and decontamination, decontamination, congregate care and congregate
- and congregate centers if not already care centers if not care centers if not opened.
already opened. _
already opened.
State orders water Allegan County EOC Berrien County Van Buren County areas cleared of provides State EOC EOC provides EOC provides boaters and air with PAD status and State EOC with State EOC with space closed. (S)
ACPs.
PAD status and PAD status and ACPs.
ACPs.
-..J
-..J State EOC orders County receives and County receives County receives JPIC passes on additional PADs for implements any and implements and implements information to media livestock, water additional PADs from any additional any additional regarding PADs, supplies, and others, State EOC.
P ADs from State PADs from State ACPs, and locations as necessary.
EOC.
EOC.
of reception centers.
State EOC exchanges status reports with counties and Utility on PAD implementation.
About Severe core State EOC notifies JPIC is informed of 1145 degradation has FEMA of PADs.
release and actions to occurred. Hydrogen (S) be incorporated into "bum" in containment.
briefings and news.
Continuous plume releases.
release starts.
Aliegan County Berrien County Van Buren Time Onsite Activities State EOC EOC EOC County EOC JPIC State EOC analyzes release data.
State orders Col!nty implements County implements County implements additional PADs, if additional PADs, if additional PADs, if* additional PADs, if necessary.
necessary.
necessary.
necessary.
State EOC monitors JPIC continues
- pADs and progress briefings on release at County level.
and plant status and offsite actions.
State continues to monitor release*
status and offsite activities.
State EOC passes JPIC is notified of information on to release status and
-...J counties and JPIC..
informs media.
00 About Time jump of 3 days to 1245 new plant conditions.
New offsite conditions, including plant status and release termination, are supplied to players'.
About Plans for recovery and State EOC and 1255 reentry.
Utility agree to de-escalate.
State EOC notifies
- County receives notice County receives County receives JPIC is notified of counties and JPIC of de-escalation.
notfce of de-notice of de-de-escalation and of de-escalation.
escalation.
escalation.
provides information to media.
~........
Time Onsite Activities L..
State EOC State EOC orders reentry and recovery activities to begin.
- State EOC determines the need for external assistance and the need to request such assistance for Federal or other support organizations. (S)
~___;
Allegan County Berrien County Van Buren EOC EOC County EOC County begins re-entry County begins County begins and recovery re-entry and re-entry and activities.
recovery activities.
recovery activities.
About 1500 Exercise terminated -
the exercise will tenninate with a message from the State EOC that will be generated by the controller.
(S) = simulated.
JPIC
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
. i 80
- i.
APPENDIX D:
TIME LINE Time Van Buren Allegan Berrien Utility State County County County Notice of Unusual Event NIA a NIA NIA NIA NIA Alert 0845 0855 0858 0901 0902 EOC Activated 0905 0900 0903 0955 EOC Operational 0945 0935 0945 1127 l
Site Area Emergency 0955 1003 1014 1010 1005 I
General Emergency 1034 1034 1042 1042 1042 State of Disaster Declared 1036 1052 1052 1052 10 Protective Action Decision 1 1039 1042 1045 1045
,\\
(Shelter two miles radially,
' r) shelter 5 miles Sectors H, J, r
andK)
Sirens Activated 1047 EBS Message 1049
)
Protective Action Decision 2 1124 1125 1125 1125' (Evacuate all sectors 2 miles, shelter 5 miles, Sectors H, J, j
andK)
Sirens Activated 1132 EBS Message 1133 I
Protective Action Decision 3 1144 1145 NIA NIA (Evacuate all sectors 2 miles, Sectors D-H, J, and K 5 miles)
J (PAD 3 was overidden by PAD 4 at 1153) 6,)
Sirens Activated NIA EBS Message NIA
)
81 I
Time Van Buren Allegan Berrien Utility State County County County
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....;_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~
Protective Action Decision 4 (Evacuate all sectors 5 miles, extend Sectors B, C, and D to 5 miles)
Sirens Activated EBS*Message a N/A = not applicable.
1153*
1155 1157 1159 82 1155 1155
(! *
- (,--..
\\..'.!
~