ML17329A706

Reactor Protection & Control Process Instrumentation Replacement Project at DC Cook Nuclear Plant Units 1 & 2 Spec 200/SPEC 200 Micro Hardware & Firmware Sys Description.

ML17329A706
Person / Time
Site:	Cook
Issue date:	12/02/1992
From:	AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER SERVICE CORP.
To:
Shared Package
ML17329A705	List: ML17329A704 ML17329A706 ML17329A707 ML17329A708 ML17329A709 ML17329A710 ML17329A711 ML17329A712 ML17329A713 ML17329A714 ML17329A715 ML17329A716 ML17329A717 ML17329A718 ML17329A719 ML17329A720 ML17334B451
References
2985-WGS-03, 2985-WGS-03-R00, 2985-WGS-3, 2985-WGS-3-R, NUDOCS 9212180058
Download: ML17329A706 (46)

Text

REACTOR PROTECTION AND CONTROL PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION REPLACEMENT PROJECT AT DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR PLANT UNITS 1 AND 2 SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO HARDWARE AND FIRMWARE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION REPORT NO. 2985-WGS-03i REV 0 Prepared by: Date /W > fz-Approved by: Date l c

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Introduction A hardware and firmware description of the upgraded Reactor Protection Process Instrument Replacement equipment is provided in the following attached documents:

General System Description (Document No. 0310-4120)

SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO Simplified Block Diagram SPEC 200 MICRO Control System Overview (Document No. TI 280-100)

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Blocks (Document No. TI 280-110)

P System Description No. 0310-4120 GENE&0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The existing Foxboro H-Line analog process protection system consists of four protection sets; within each protection set are multiple racks. Each rack contains various analog modules that process system inputs temperature, pressure, level, and flow. These racks provide contact outputs to the reactor trip logic and Engineered Safeguards Actuation (ESF) system functions. D. C. Cook is replacing the H-Line equipment with Foxboro SPEC 200 and SPEC 200 MICRO, microprocessor based modules, on Units 1 and 2.

A. General Description of the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO System The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO process protection system is a micro-processor based replacement for the obsolete analog process protection system, The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system is designed to be installed in the existing process protection system racks once the analog hardware and internal rack wiring are removed. The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO uses existing field terminal blocks, minimizing the disruption of field cables and preserving the existing Geld interfaces. The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system processes the same inputs as the analog system, performs the same calculation and bistable functions, and supplies contact outputs to the reactor protection logic for initiating a reactor trip and ESF functions, and isolated analog outputs to indicators, recorders, plant computer and various control systems. Similar to the H-Line system, the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system uses individual SPEC 200 MICRO modules to perform trip functions, though non-diverse trip functions are sometimes combined on the same SPEC 200 MICRO module. The following modules make up the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system:

Input Modules:

o N-2AI-H2V

~ N-2AI-P2V

~ N-2AI-T2V

~ N-2AI-C2L Processor Modules;

~ N-2CCA-S

~ N-2CCA-D

System Description No. 0310-4120 Output Modules:

~ N-2AO-V2H

~ N-2AO-L2C-R The various input, processor, and output modules are assembled and wired in nests and configured to perform the desired function. The nests provide low voltage power for the modules from multinest power supplies, The nests and power supplies are mounted in the existing racks and configured to perform the control functions desired.

1. Input Modules Analog input signals such as 4-20 mA, 10-50 mA, millivolt, thermocouple, RTD's, are accepted by the SPEC 200 family of input signal converter modules, and are converted to a 0-10 V dc system signal level, Each input converter module is an isolated input module with two channels of independent inputs. The live zero- based, 10 volt span signal provides exceptional sensitivity, simplifies scaling, and provides a safe system to work on. All instruments are wired in parallel which simplifies loop interconnections and permits the addition and removalofloop components without interrupting the integrity of loop operation.

2. Processor Modules The SPEC 200 MICRO control card is a microprocessor-based unit which performs signal conditioning, regulatory control, and logic control functions. Control strategies are built by configuring interconnections between the control cardinput/output terminal and up to six blocks per control card. Each control block may be any one of the twenty block types listed:

PID - PID Control SEQ - Sequencer NONL - Nonlinear extender DTIM- Dead time INT - Integral-Only LLAG- Lead/Lag AMB - Auto/Manual Bias SWCH - Switch RTIO - Ratio SEL - Select MIB - Multiple Input ALRM- Alarm GATE - Logic Gate RAMP - Ramp CHAR - Characterizer TIMR - Timer DIN - Contact In ACUM - Accumulator DOUT - Contact Out CALC - Calculator t

System Description No. 0310-4120 The SPEC 200 MICRO control card uses a single nest slot. It has four analog inputs, two analog outputs, two contact inputs and two contact outputs. With the extended control card, two nest slots are utilized. This extension and control card provides for four analog inputs, two outputs, ten contact inputs and ten contact outputs. Each configured block is processed five times a second, which includes analog to digital conversion as well as error checks.

One level of security is provided as a result of SPEC 200 MICRO's low modularity. The SPEC 200 MICRO control card allows functional distribution to a very low level due to the inherent physical and input/output modularity of the card itself. This small number of shared functions allows the design of a control system with a strategy that emphasizes hardware fault containment.

Built into the control card hardware and software are the following security features:

~ Comprehensive on-line diagnostics continuously monitor the status of the system, and trigger system alarms to the operator upon failure.

~ Local indicators provide quick and easy identification of the failed card.

~ Detection of BAD input signals.

~ Verification that the correct outputs are being received by the digital to analog output converters.

Control strategies and the data base are also protected. Upon detection of failures and dependent on the type of failure, strategies can be configured to fall back to manual control or to hold the last output signal. Upon loss of power the output will go to zero. When power is restored, the output, as configured by the user, can remain at zero or return to its last value. During power interruptions, protectionof the control strategy data base is provided on each control card by battery backup for as much as 15,000 hours0 days <br />0 hours <br />0 weeks <br />0 months <br /> on a new battery, and a minimum of approximately 1000 hours0.0116 days <br />0.278 hours <br />0.00165 weeks <br />3.805e-4 months <br /> on a battery at the low voltage threshold. Communication with the control blocks configured in a SPEC 200 MICRO control card is via an on-line operator interface, the SPEC 200 MICRO Display Station.

The station presents to the operator all relevant process information within the control block. The control station's information is updated five times per second.

The display is vacuum fluorescence which is very bright, easy to see, highly dependable and requires low maintenance because it is totally electronic using microprocessor-based circuitry. The SPEC 200 MICRO display station provides for more functions, and for greater flexibilitythan conventional analog panel displays.

i (l System Description No. 0310-4120

3. Output Nodules To transmit control and status information to the field and other devices, a family of SPEC 200 output converters is provided which include 10-50 mA and relay switching modules.

These output modules are qualified Class 1E to non-Class 1E isolators.

4. Power Supplies and Distribution A multi-nest power supply is provided to supply power to each system rack. addition Power is distributed to each nest through a power distribution module, This module protects.

control modules and the power supply from over-voltage, reverse voltage, and over-current conditions. The multi-nest power supply furnishes both + 15 and -15 V dc thruogh nest power distribution modules for operation of display and nest-mounted instrument electronics, and 24 V ac for operation of recorder chart drives. Power supply redundancy is provided by utilizing the (N+ 1) approach for each group of racks..

A 75 Vdc power supply is provided to power the 10 to 50 mAmp transmitters. The 75 Vdc is distributed to the field input moduleds via the same nest power distribution modules as the electronics power to the isolated field bus. N+1 redundancy of the 75 Vdc power supply is implemented.

5. Test Panel The protection system is designed to permit periodic testing of the analog channel portion of the reactor trip system during reactor power operation without initiating a protective action unless a trip condition actually exists. This is because of the coincidence logic required for reactor trip. These tests may be performed at any plant power from cold shutdown to full power. Analog channel testing is performed at each instrumentation rack by individually introducing dummy input signals into the instrumentation channels and observing the tripping of the appropriate output bistables. Process analog output to the logic circuitry is interrupted during individual channel test by a test switch which, when thrown, deenergizes the associated logic input and inserts a proving lamp in the bistable output. Interruption of the bistable output to the logic circuitry for any cause (test, maintenance purposes, or removal from service) will cause that portion of the logic to be actuated (partial trip), accompanied by a partial trip alarm and channel status light actuation in the control room. Each channel contains those switches, test points, etc., necessary to test the channel.

'I System Description No. 0310-4120

6. Maintenance Interface The maintenance interface for adjusting set points and tuning parameters is the SPEC 200 MICRO panel display. The SPEC 200 MICRO normally operates without a display attached. To adjust setpoints a multiconductor cable is plugged into the SPEC 200 MICRO module. The other end of the cable is connected to the SPEC 200 MICRO panel display.

The display reads the conQguration from the SPEC 200 MICRO module. A key-lock on the display allows the technician to switch the display from "operate" to "tune" in order to adjust set points or tuning parameters. The setpoint is read on the front of the display. A seperate port on the display connects to a Personal Computer for conQguration of the SPEC 200 MICRO module. During normal operation the display and conQgurator are not connected; each SPEC 200 MICRO module operates independently.

B. General Description of ModiTication At the D. C. Cook Plant, AEP will remove the H-Line analog equipment and wiring in each of the process protective racks and replace this equipment with SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO. In each protection set, the instrument loops in each rack will, to the extent possible, remain in that rack. The functions previously performed in H-Line modules will be distributed among analog input, SPEC 200 MICRO and analog/contact output modules.

Sharing of non-diverse functions on modules is documented in the functional diagrams. The new system performs the same f'unctions previously performed by the H-Line equipment.

FIELD INPUTS SPEC INPUT PROCESSING 200 RTD Oto10 Vdc mVolt INPUT (4) mAmp Logic Level BLOCK PROCESSING Oto10 Vdc CCI (2or10)

MODULE (2)

Logic Level (2or10) 2 INPUTS per Module B4 ---------- B5 ----------- B6 SPEC mAmp 200 CCO OUTPUT OUTPUT PROCESSING MODULE SPEC 200 MICRO MODULE 2/4 OUTPUTS FIELD per Module OUTPUTS Power Distribution via SPEC 200 Nest Power Distribution Module and Multi-Nest Power Supply SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MlCRO SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM

TI 280-100 PID BLOCK 1 TAG 01 PID BLOCK 2 TAG 02 MIB BLOCK 3 FOXNET TAG 03 LINK ONE CONTROL CARD CYCLE (200 ms)

MIB BLOCK 4 Q

TAG 04 MIB BLOCK 5 TAG 05 PID BLOCK 6 TAG 06 TO SPEC 200 FIELD INTERFACE SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL SYSTEM OVERVIEW Provides process data acquisition and control in a stand alone system, or in a distributed system using the FOXNET Process Communications Link to communicate with FOXNET hosts.

The SPEC 200 MICRO control system provides the user The largest SPEC 200 MICRO system can have thousands with regulatory. logic. sequential, and calculating control of Iooos in a distributed system architecture. Multiple capability. Its major functional capabilities are control. FOXNET hosts can provide faceplates, graphics, and pro.

signal conditioning and alarming, logic operations. dy. cess management functions. The SPEC 200 MICRO Net.

namic compensation. calculation, signal selection. and work Communications Module can co exist with other timing functions. FOXNET slave station types. The FOXNET link can have up to 100 stations. limited only by FOXNET configuration SUITABLE FOR SMALL OR LARGE SYSTEMS and required throughput.

The smallest SPEC 200 MICRO system can be designed to control a single loop. Such a system could consist of POWERFUL MICROPROCESSOR BASED CONTROL one nest with a power supply, one single loop I/O compo. ALGORITHMS nent, one SPEC 200 MICRO control card, and one The SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks provide the power to SPEC 200 MICRO continuous display station. build advanced control strategies, which can ofter OXHOR 1985 by The Foxboro Company +Registered Trademark

Tl 280 100 page 2 greater security, more precise control andincreased flex- COMPATIBLE WITH EXISTING SPECTRUM ibilityof operator interaction with the control strategy. In INSTALLATIONS contrast to an analog control system, these benefits de.

The Network Communications Module can be added to rive from using additional software blocks, rather than ex-any FOXNET installation. It emulates a MICROSPEC Unit tra hardware modules. More control power for the same Control Module station type, for compatibility with capital outlay results when control strategies employ SPECTRUM hosts.

these powerful block features. New teatures include in.

version of logic inputs and outputs, direct connection of RETROFIT EXISTING SPEC 200 INSTALLATIONS analog outputs to any continuous value type parameter in the control scheme, and separation of control card output You can upgrade existing SPEC 200 installations to state limiting from alarming functions. of the art microprocessor based control, with either a stand alone or distributed system architecture. SPEC 200 SECURITY THROUGH LOW MODULARITY I/O components. power supplies, and racks can be re.

tained. Field wiring to the I/O components does not have The physical and I/O modularity of the SPEC 200 MICRO to be disturbed. Because SPEC 200 MICRO display sta-control card allows functional distribution to a very low tions use existing SPEC 200 2AK cables, there is no need level. SPEC 200 MICRO offers a microprocessor. based to install new display cables. Shelf-mounted display sta-system with the modularity of an analog system. There. tions can slip directly into existing shelves. DIN sized dis.

fore, you can partition control schemes with either one or play stations can be replaced in the existing cutout. The two control loops per control card. This can be very usetul control block types can replace all the 2AC control func-in a tault containment strategy to achieve control secu. tions and the 2AP signal processing and alarm functions rity. of the existing system.

STAND ALONE OR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM SPEC 200 MICRO HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE The SPEC 200 MICRO hardware is as follows:

The SPEC 200 MICRO system ofters you the choice of either architecture. The data base configuration proce- Control Card dure and system hardware have been designed so that The Control Card (Figure 1) is a nest. mounted you can easily upgrade a stand alone system to a distribu-microprocessor based unit which pertorms signal condi ~

ted system.

tioning, regulatory control, and logic control functions.

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~ TI 280 100 Page 4 The NCM has one main processor and can have an op-tional backup processor. An NCM having two processors requires two power supplies (Figure 4). A single-processor NCM can have a redundant power supply to supply backup power to the I/O nests but not to the pro.

cessor. The NCM can support up to 3 nests; each nest can have up to two 3AX+ MPXA multiplexer cards (one multiplexer supports up to five control cards) and 10 con-trol cards. SPEC 200 I/0 components can be placed in the NCM nest, in lieu of control cards, or in external SPEC 200

~I nests. The processor nest can have one 3AX+ ACT alarm contact assembly (for contact output of processor status), up to four 3AX+LP2.D FOXNET interfaces (2 maximum per processor), and up to two 3AX+ AS2 conti ~

gurator terminal interfaces (one maximum per proces-

.n sor). Normally, there will be one configurator terminal

'! interface. An F70038 modem can be used to extend the distance from the NCM to the configuration terminal.

Configuration The SPEC 200 MICRO system is configured by using a personal computer (PC). You can use the configuration diskette in an IBM PC. Also. you can use the configuration diskette with many PC's that are IBM compatible. In addi ~

tion to the configuration diskette, a data base diskette is required for data base storage. The configuration software provides menu. driven "fillin the form" displays.

These displays allow you to build your control scheme by configuring or modifying the control blocks contained within the control card.

Configuration is the process of selecting control block types and interconnecting these blocks to produce your desired loop control scheme. Modifications to the control scheme can be made while the system is running on line.

The configuration software also provides interactive dis-plays to allow control card operations such as viewing control card status, control card startup operations, and control card data base checkpointing (storing the data Figure 3. base in a file on a data base diskette for backup).

SPEC 200 MICRO Network Communications Module SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Network Communications Module A SPEC 200 MICRO system can be built in one of two ba.

sic configurations. a stand. alone or a distributed system.

The Network Communications Modufe (NCM) (Figure 3) The stand. alone system has a panel mounted display sta.

provides a FOXNET interface for up to 30 control cards. tion operator interface. The distributed system has The FOXNET host provides a CRT.based operator inter- FOXNET communication facilities. and a FOXNET host face to the control cards. SPEC 200 display stations can for operator interface.

be used as a backup operator interface. The control cards can be mounted in the NCM. or in SPEC 200 nests Systems are construcled using the new products pre.

mounted in external SPEC 200 racks. In addition to viously described in conjunction with existing SPEC 200 FOXNET communications. the NCM provides control and SPECTRUM products.

card to control card communications. However, these control cards must be connected to the same NCM.

TI 280 100 Page 5 MAIN BACKUP POWER SUPPLY POWER SUPPLY TO/FROM TO/FROM FOX NET FOXNE'T FOX NET FOXNET PORT 1 PORT 1 LINK MAIN DATA BACKUP LINK PROCESSOR TRANSFER PROCESSOR TO/FROM BUFFER TO/FROM FOX NET FOX NET FOXNET PORT 2 FOXNET LINK PORT 2 LINK TOIF ROM MODEM MODEM TO/FROM CONFIG. (OPTI ~

(OPTI ~ CONF IG.

URATOR ONAL) ONAL) URATOR ToiF ROM ToiF ROM UP TO UP TO FIVE CARD MULTIPLEXER CARD FIVE CARDS'ULTIPLEXER CONTROL CONTROL CARDS'O/FROM TO/FROM UP TO UP TO FIVE MULTIPLEXER CARD FIVE CARDS'ULTIPLEXER CARD CONTROL CONTROL CARDS TO/FROM TO/FROM UP TO UP TO FIVE CARDS'ULTIPLEXER CARD FIVE CONTROL MULTIPLEXER CARD CONTROL CARDS

" = With their specific display stations (optional).

Multiplexer card bus.

Figure 4. NCM Block Diagram(Fully Redundant)

TI 280 100 Page 6 CONF IGURATOR PANEL MOUNTED SPEC 200 SPEC 200 MICRO TO/FROM SPEC 200 MICRO DISPLAY STATION PROCESS I/O COMPONENTS CONTROL (CONTINUOUS OR CARD DISCONTINUOUS)

"' = SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK AND DISPLAY STATION POWER SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK (RS 232) (15 m (50 ft) MAXIMUMAT (60 m (200 ft) MAXIMUM).

9600 BAUD).

Figure 5. Stand Alone System Architecture Stand Alone System Architecture restart command from the configvrator terminal, to load a A stand alone system (Figure 5) provides a panel operator data base into the CCC and place it in the CONTROL inter face through the SPEC 200 MICRO display stations. mode. Once the CCC enters the CONTROL mode, the op.

Control functions are performed in the SPEC 200 MICRO erator can issue a standby command from the configvra.

control card. Existing SPEC 200 I/O components are used tor terminal to switch the CCC back to the STANDBY for inputs to and outputs from the control card. The mode.

configurator terminal communicates to the control card In the STANDBY mode, all CCC outputs hold at their last through a configuration port located on the left side of the value, as long as power remains applied to the CCC. Upon display station. initial application of power, the outputs remain at the Existing SPEC 200 products usedin a stand alone system value of the unpowered condition. After a power failure, include: 2EZ racks, 2ANU nests, 2ANU L2 nests, 2ARPS the outputs are restored to their previous values if the power supplies, 2AX+ DP10 power distribution compo. "startup" or "restart" option is chosen. If the "recover in nent, SPEC 200 I/O components, and 2AK display station standby" option is chosen, the outputs remain in the un.

cables. powered state.

There are three different startup commands by which an Operator Interface operator can startup a control card. They are startup, re.

You can use the display station to access the control start, and restart from memory.

blocks within the control card. By pressing the TAG key Astartupcommandissued from the configurator terminal you can page through the control blocks. Figure 6 illustra causes a previously built data base to be loaded into the tes this concept. control card from the data base diskette and forces all When the desired control block is displayed, you can view controller type blocks into the Manual mode. Thus, when the block's inputs, outputs, and functional parameters. the control card enters the CONTROL mode, all controller For example, if you select a PID block, yov can view its type blocks will be operating in Manual.

set point, measurement, and output values. Also, you can A restart command issued from the configurator terminal tune the PID block and set its alarm points by turning the causes a previously built data base to be loaded into the keylock on the side of the display to the TUNE position control card from the data base diskette. When the con-and adjusting the appropriate parameters. trol card enters the CONTROL mode following a restart command, all controller type blocks will operate in either Control Card Operation Manual or AUTO mode depending on what state they STANDBY Mode In the STANDBY mode, input pro. were in at the time the data base was checkpointed.

cessing, block processing, and output processing are not A restart from memory command issued from the confi ~

performed. The Control Card (CCC) can be in the gurator terminal or FOXNET host causes the control card STANDBY mode with or withovt a data base. to switch from STANDBY to the CONTROL mode without Following the initial day one power.up, the CCC enters the

~ loading a data base. The CONTROL mode is entered only STANDBY mode. waiting for a data base to be

~ if a valid data base exists in the control card's battery downloaded. so that it can be ready to CONTROL the pro. backed memory. All controller type blocks will operate in cess. While in STANDBY, the operator issues a startup or

~ either Manual or AUTO mode depending on what state they were in when the control card entered the STANDBY mode.

TI 280 100 Page 7 ANALOG INPUT 1 PID BLOCK 1 ANALOG OUTPUT 1 TAG 01 MIB ANALOG INPUT 2 BLOCK 2 TAG 02 MI8 CONTROL ONE CONTROL CARD ANALOG INPUT 3 BLOCK 3 CARD CYCLE (200 ms)

TAG 03 MIB ANALOG INPUT 4 BLOCK 4 TAG 04 PID ANALOG OUTPUT 2 BLOCK 5 TAG 05 TAG 03 TAG 04 MIB MI8 BLOCK 3 BLOCK 4 TAG 03 TAG 04 TAG 02 DISPLAY MI8 BLOCK 2 STATION TAG 02 TAG 01 PID TAG 05 PID BLOCK 1 BLOCK 5 TAG 01 TAG 05

~ TAG key.

Figure 6. Control Block Paging Concept

TI 280 100 Page 8 INPUT PROCESSING GATHER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS CONDITION SIGNALS OUT OF RANGE DETECTION AND CLAMPING RATE LIMIT DETECTION BLOCK PROCESSING ONE CONTROL CARD CYCLE GATHER BLOCK INPUTS (200 ms)

ALARM DETECTION CALCULATE BLOCK OUTPUT(S)

OUTPUT PROCESSING GATHER OUTPUTS FROM BLOCKS CONDITION OUTPUTS CHECK FOR BAD OUTPUTS WRITE OUTPUTS Figure 7. Control Card Cycle CONTROL Mode In this mode, the CCC performs input Input Processing Inputs are checked to determine if processing, block processing, and output processing they are out of. range. The values obtained from the CCC (Figure 7). The control mode is the mode in which the CCC input points are the only types that can be out of range.

controls the process. Control type blocks can be in either An out of. range value is clamped between -2% and Automatic or Manual. The CONTROL mode operates on a 102% of normalized span.

periodic basis every 200 milliseconds and is performed in Input Signal Conditioning Input signal conditioning is se.

three phases: input processing, block processing, and lected to match the type of signal used. The analog signal output processing. and contact input conditioning is as folfows.

Analog Input Signal Conditioning Indexes SCIX Type Input Span" Out of Range Limits Usage Linear 0.00 to 10.00 V dc -0.20 and 10.20 V dc General Analog Inputs Linear With 2.00 to 10.00 V dc + 1.84 and 10. 1 6 V dc Inter CCC Signals Suppressed Zero Square Root 0.00 to 10.00 V dc -0.20 and 10.20 V dc Differential Head Meter, etc.

Square Root 0.00 to 10.00 V dc -0.20 and 10.20 V dc Differential Head Meter, etc.

= Square root with low cutoff at 0.075 V dc (0.75% of span).

• = Input span corresponds to the normalized range 0% to 100% (0 to 4000 counts) within the block.

Out of Range Limits = A signal out of the range defined by these limits is considered "out of range" and is clamped to these limits. All output algebraic calculations performed in the blocks are limited to the valid range -2 to +102% of span.

Contact Input Conditioning Options:

~ Inversion (per contact)

~ BCD to Linear (8 inputs on extended control card only). For use with 0 to 99 BCD thumbwheels.

TI 280.100 Page 9 Block Processing Each block is processed in order, For example, in single. loop PID control schemes, the PID from one through six. The processing of each block pro. FBK input is usually connected to the control card output.

gresses from input to output as follows. This allows the PID block to initialize its output to the ac.

Gather the Inputs The block inputs are gathered from tual final operator position. Thus. the PID will initialize and "start control from where the final operator is now."

either SPEC 200 input components or from the outputs of other blocks. It a parameter does not come from either of The FBK input also supports an output track feature by these sources, a constant value stored in the block is driving the block's output to the FBK value. This feature is Used. useful when cascade loops are in an open loop condition.

After the inputs are obtained, the block is further pro. During startup of the control card from STANDBY to cessedby implementing the appropriate algorithm accor- CONTROL, all controller type blocks are initialized for ding to the configured options. The output value is four consecutive control cycles. This allows multi loop generated at the end of the algorithm and is available as control schemes such as cascade loops to initialize pro-an input for the succeeding blocks to be processed during perly up through the cascade so that the primary loop the current control cycle. controller starts controlling from where the process is po.

Alarm Detection Controller type blocks (e.g., PID) pro. sitioned by the secondary controller.

vide absolute, deviation, and output alarm deteclion. After initialization is completed on the fourth control cy.

Other blocks include special alarms such as rate of- cle, the control card enters the CONTROL mode where change (ALRM blocks) or digital pattern comparison (DIN control begins operation.

block).

Manual/Automatic Controller tyoe blocks(e.g. PID) can~

An alarm condition activates the process alarm indicator be switchedbetween Manual and AUTO by the operator, at the control card's display station. If the alarm is not in through the display station. Logic inputs to the block allow the control block presently displayed, the operator press- a logic event to externally switch the block between Man.

es the TAG key to display the next block with an alarm. ual and AUTO. The Manual pointer logic input (MANP)

When the block in alarm is displayed, the operator ac. switches the block to Manual. The AUTO pointer logic in.

knowledges the alarm using the ACK key. put (AUTP) switches the block to Automatic. Note that Output alarms, indicated at the display station, can be MANP has priority over AUTP.

configured within the range -2 to +102% of span.

Output Limits Output limiting is performed on the output Block Modes The following text explains the Initializa- value generated by the block algorithm. Output limits are tion, Tracking, Manual, and Automatic block operating always active in AUTO. If you specify "Yes" for the block modes. option, MANLIM.the output limits willbe active in Manual.

Initialization and Tracking Controller type blocks that Output limiting does not create an alarm condition at the use time related intormation in their algorithms (e.g., PID) host or panel displays. However. output limit active bits initialize to a philosophy that "control begins trom where are available for user connection.

the process is now." Appropriate blocks have a feedback Output Processing The following text explains the input (FBK) and initialize such that their outputs begin at btock output tunctions.

the present value of FBK. Connecting FBK to the appro.

priate process variable during configuration allows this in.

Gather Ihe Outputs The control card outputs are gathered from the blocks according to the block output itialization philosophy to be maintained.

pointers configured during I/O configuration.

Output Signal Conditioning Output signal conditioning is selected to match the usage. The analog signal and con tact output conditioning is as tollows.

Analog Output Signal Conditioning Indexes SCIX Type Normalized Output Full Output Range Usage Range'.00 Linear to 10.00 V dc -0.2 to + 10.20 V dc SPEC 200 Intertace Linear with 2.00 to 10.00 V dc 1.84 to 10.16 V dc Inter CCC Signals and Suppressed Zero SPEC 200 Intertace

= Corresponds to the normalized span within the block; I.e.. 0.0% to 100.0% represented by 0 to 4000 counts.

Contact Output Conditioning Options (per contact):

~ Pulse options: duration 1 to 31 control cycles corresponding to 0.2 to 6.2 seconds. Performed prior to inversion. One shot operation, retriggering disabled while pulse is active.

~ tnver sion.

~ Tl 280 100 Page 10 Control Card Audible Alarm Line Connections Control Card Fail Mode Each control card has an indicator for audible alarms. The FAIL mode is entered when a "fatal" hardware fail~

This is set upon occurrence of any critical process alarm ure causes the microprocessor to be non operational.

within the configured control scheme. The indicator is re- Outputs hold their last value, or clear to the unpowered set when you select the block in alarm on one of the panel state, depending on the position of jumpers in the CCC.

display stations and depress the display station ACK key.

The display station is the only source that can reset the Control Card Configuration audible alarm. If there are multiple unacknowledged criti- You can configure the control card for the stand. alone cal alarms, the indicator resets momentarily as you ac- system by using a Configurator Terminal connected to the knowledge each alarm. display station (Figure 8).

You can connect the audible alarm indicator to any output The configurator terminal is a personal computer, with a contact in the control card by configuring an output con. Foxboro supplied configurator program providing menu-tact pointer as HB. You can configure the output contact driven "fillin the form" displays. These displays allow you for normally closed or normally open action using the con- to use the configurator terminal to configure the control tact inversion option. card blocks, tuning parameters, etc. on or off line.

You can use the audible alarm to drive external annuncia-tors by following the connection rules for any contact out-put. If the contact output is configured as normally open, the audible alarm lines of multiple control cards may be wired in parallel (OR'ed) to a single annunciator.

CONFIGURATION MENU CONTROLLER OPERATIONS VIEW STATUS ADD A BLOCK TO THE ADD CONTROL SCHEME (UP TO 6) STARTUP RESTART MODIFIES A BLOCK IN MODIFY THE CONTROL SCHEME. RESTART FROM MEMORY CHECKPOINT (UPLOAD TO DISK)

DELETES AN EXISTING DELETE STANDBY BLOCK FROM THE SCHEME.

COPIES AN EXISTING BLOCK COPY CONFIGURATOR DISPLAY TO A NEW BLOCK IN SCHEME TERMINAL STATION REPORT REPORT BLOCK(S) AND UTILITIES CCC CONFIGURATION.

I/O FILE DEFINE CONFIGURATION CCC's.'ISKETTE INPUT/OUTPUT CONFIGURATION. FILE DELETE FILE COPY SPECIFY CCC CCC SYSTEM SYSTEM OPTIONS. DISKETTE COPY CREATE DATA BASE DISKETTE SPECIFY BLOCK POINTERS INTER CCC VALUES BETWEEN LABEL DATA BASE DISKETTE

' Distributed system only (has an NCM).

Figure 8. Display Station with Configurator Terminal and Functions

TI 280 100 Page 11 A control file can contain the data base for up to 30 con. Configuration is a simple interactive procedure. The con.

trol cards. Each data base diskette can have up to eight figurator operates interactively in one of four basic files. For a stand alone system, the file types must be de- modes: configure to controller, configure to diskette, con.

fined as PANEL. troller operations, or diskette utilities.

The Foxboro supplied configurator program has the ca- In the "configure to diskette" mode. you can do the same pability to do the following. operations as in the configure to controller mode, except all the information is stored on a data base diskette. You

~ Configure the control card blocks, tuning parame. can then load this information into the control card during ters. etc. in a file on a data base diskette. Download a startup or restart operation.

the control card data base to the control card using In the "configure to controller" mode, you add, modify, the start or restart commands. delete, or report blocks in the control card. Also, you can

~ Modify the control card memory. resident data base configure the control card inputs, outputs, and signal con-directly, without using the data base diskette. ditioning options.

~ Add a control block. In the "controller operations" mode, you can specify that the control card startup or restart from a specific file, or

~ Modify a control block.

checkpoint the control card data base to a specific file

~ Delete a control block. from the control card. Also, you can specify that the con.

~ Report (make a printer hard copy) a control block, trol card restart from the data base retained in its mern.

I/O configuration (signal conditioning), and/or con- ory, or you can switch the control card to STANDBY.

trol card configuration. In the "diskette utilities" mode, you can define, delete, or

~ Specify/change control card modes by performing copy files, and create, label, or copy a data base diskette.

startup, restart. standby operations, etc. The use of invalid keys on the terminal is ignored by the

~ Define/redefine a file label or file type. configurator.

~ Delete an existing file.

Control Block Displays

~ Copy one file into another file. The following table shows the blocks supported by Con.

~ Create a data base diskette. tinuous Display Stations (CDS) and Discontinuous Dis.

~ Label a data base diskette. play Stations (DDS).

~ Copy a data base diskette.

Display Control Blocks CDS PID. PID WITH TUNE EXTENDER, INT, AMB. RTIO. MIB. CHAR, DIN, GATE. LLAG. DTIM. SWCH ALRM, RAMP, ACUM. AND CALO.

DDS DIN. DOUT, GATE, AND SEQ.

The NONL. SSEL. and TIMR blocks are generally used without direct operator interface, and therefore do not provide a display station faceplate.

TI 280 100 Page 12 Display Station Combinations communications. The Multiplexer cards provide the corn.

The control card can support up to 3 display stations (CDS munications between the NCM processors and the con-or DDS) in any combination. trol cards, and between control cards. The operator interface is via a console at the FOXNET host. The display Distributed System Architecture stations can be used as an operator backup for the FOXNET host console. The configurator terminal is con-A distributed system (Figure 9) requires a SPEC 200 Net- nected to the NCM through a configuration port locatedin work Communications Module (NCM) to provide FOXNET the NCM processor nest.

REDUNDANT LINK LINKPORT FOXNET HOST LINKPORT LINK CONTROL LINK CONTROL STATION STATION OTHER FOXNET LINKPORT LfNKPORT

'STATIONS FOXNET FOXNET LINK 1 LINK 2 NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS MODULE LINKPORT LINKPORT MAIN BACKUP PROCESSOR PROCESSOR CONFIGURATOR CONFIGURATOR PORT (OPTIONAL)

MULTIPLEXER CARDS 1 2 3 4 5 6 DISPLAY DISPLAY CONTROL CONTROL CARDS 2 TO 29 CONTROL STATION STATION CARD 1 CARD 30 (OPTIONAL) (OPTIONAL)

SPEC 200 IIO SPEC 200 IIO COMPONENT COMPONENT TO/FROM PROCESS TO/FROM PROCESS

"' =

= SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK UP TO 150 01 (500 ft).

(60 01 (200 fi) MAXIMUM).

SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK (RS 232) (15 m (50 fl) MAXIMUMAT 9600 BAUD).

WITH A F7003 MODEM, 11.3 km (7 miles) MAXIMUMAT 9600 BAUD.

$ = SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS LINK AND DISPLAY STATION POWER (60 m (200 ft) MAXIMUM).

Note: The control cards (30 maximum) can be mounted in nests in the NCM or in nests external to the NCM.

l~

Figure 9. Distributed System Architecture

TI 280 100 Page 13 The NCM maintains an image of the control block data Inter Control Card Communications The NCM con.

base in all connected control cards. The maximum size of trolling processor performs control card to control card the control block data base is 180 blocks, allocated in any block parameter communications. The signal source may combination among up to 30 CCC's. Each CCC cannot be any block parameter normally read during the NCM have more than 6 blocks. read cycle. For each receiving control card, an Inter.CCC Values Table is configured which specifies the control NCM Functional Overview card number, block number, and parameter number of the source parameter. The NCM will write the source pa.

During normal operation, the main processor is in the rameters to the Inter-CCC Values table of the receiving control mode (scanning and writing the CCC's) and per- control card. Block pointers, for blocks one to six, can forms all of the following functions. The backup processor then be configured to point to the Inter CCC Values table.

is in the tracking mode (maintaining an image of the main Twelve entries are available in each Inter.CCC Values processor's data base) and only supports a FOXNET read table.

of its data base.

Tracking Processor Update At the end of each pro-NCM Data Write The controlling processor writes cessing cycle, the controlling processor transfers a copy block parameter changes to the destination control card. of its entire data base image to the tracking processor.

These chances can be the result of a FOXNET host write or another control card block parameter write. FOXNET Response The controlling processor re.

sponds to FOXNET host requests to read and write data NCM Data Read The controlling processor reads block concurrent with other block processing. FOXNET host parameters from all of the control cards. Each control reads and writes are processed when received. and an card block type has a fixed set of parameters to be immediate response is returned to the FOXNET host.

scanned. The block set includes all values necessary for display or manipulation from a FOXNET host. All reads Figure 10 shows the functions performed during each are refreshed at least once every 500 milliseconds. NCM cycle.

WRITES BLOCK PARAMETER CHANGES (FROM FOXNET OR CONTROL CARDS)

TO THE DESTINATION CONTROL CARD(S)

READS BLOCK PARAMETERS FROM ALL CONTROL CARDS ONE NCM CYCLE (500 ms MAXIMUM)

TRANSFERS ANY CONTROL CARD.

TO CONTROL CARD WRITES TO THE INTER.CCC VALUES TABLE CONTROLLING PROCESSOR TRANSFERS ITS DATA BASE TO THE TRACKING PROCESSOR Figure 10. NCM Cycle

TI 280 100 Page 14 Control Card Configuration ceed to (C) Configure Blocks, (L) List All Blocks, (M) Con.

The control card configuration for the distributed system figure the MAP, or (R) Print a Report. If (C) is pressed, you is similar to the configuration for the stand. alone system. proceed to configure blocks al the CCC level. If (L) is However, some additional information is required and is pressed, a three page display identifies all configured blocks in the NCM by CCC number, block number, block emphasized below.

type, andblock tag. If (M) is pressed, you can view or con.

The file type should be configured as NCM, instead of figure the MAP function, which specifies the mapping of PANEL. This instructs the configurator software to up to 60 blocks scannedby the FOXNET host in relation to present the additional configuration displays required. the 180 blocks resident in the NCM. If (R) is pressed, a For convenience, you can add a FOXNET station address printed report of the entire NCM data base, duplicating reference beside the file description, but it is not a re- the completed configuration displays, is produced on a quirement. The NCM emulates a MICROSPEC Unit Con. printer connected to the configuration terminal.

trol Module (UCM) on the FOXNET link. Therefore, the When configuring each control card in a distributed sys-FOXNET host will access no more than 60 of the 180 blocks (maximum) in the NCM. tem, configuration of the Inter.CCC Values table is added to the menu at the CCC level. Also, the Workstation/Panel When you configure the file as NCM, an additional menu option can be configured to arbitrate access between the is inserted at the NCM level. This menu allows you to pro- operators at FOXNET workstations and the operators at panel display stations.

TI 280.110 STEAM F LOIY DRUM LEVEL FEE DWA'IE 4 F LOT(

FT NOIY CRITICAL NON CRITICAL FEEOWATER FLOW LT FT T

IIV IIV STEALI FLAY gv DRVLI LEVEL DRUM LEVFL SE T POIN'T A

SP P ID PID BLOCK BLOCK r3 r1 SP P ID BLOCK r2 SWITCH LOGIC BLOCK r4 TRA'4SFER TO I ELEMENT WHEN LOAD IS LESS THAN 25~r OR WHEN EITHER STEAM FLOW VII OR F EOWATER FLOW FAILS FEE DWATER VAI.VE IIXI FEEDIYATER VALVE SPEC 200 IVIICRO CONTROL BLOCKS Provide contigurable control capability through a building block approach to implementing a process loop.

The SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks allow you to quickly ~ Easy conversion of control strategies into fully confi ~

and easily translate a process loop design into a working gured control loops set of control blocks. This is done through an easy-to.use ~ Powerful PID algorithm with self tuning, nonlinear, yet powerful and flexible series of control algorithms. external integral, and output summing features These algorithms are implemented as a set of reconfi.

gurable functional control blocks. The SPEC 200 MICRO ~ Set point tracking control block set has all the features needed for almost ~ Output tracking limitless control flexibility. ~ Low cutoff square root signal conditioning SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks offer the following user- ~ Comprehensive block status oriented features:

~ Universal parameter access

~ Combination of continuous and logic control func. ~ Process "bump" proteclion during system interrup-lions tions

~ Interconnectable block parameters ~ Automatic switchover to MANUALon out.of-range

~ Control loop configuralion via an interactive pro. (bad) inputs gram operating on a personal computer OXHOR C 1985 by The Foxboro Company RegisIered Trademark

I ~ il

'Tl 280 110 Page 2" O ~

S chromatographs and other sampling type instru-ments) g Skip capability for sampled. data loops (use with The implementation of a process control loop with tradi tional analog hardware involves the selection and ar.

~

rangement in a rack of individual hardware modules for

~ Automatic cascade connections; switchover of pri. input, signal conditioning, calculation, control alarm, and

~

mary to TRACKING during open loop or local set- output. Planning such a system involves identifying all the point operation; back. calculation of primary hardware modules that are required and correctly or-feedback value dering each module from the vendor. To maintain the sys.

tern, a large variety of spare modules is required.

SPEC 200 MICRO algorithms include: In contrast, one SPEC 200 MICRO control card has the same functionality as that wide variety of analog mod.

~ Standard process functions: ules. Instead of wiring together hardware components,

- Monitoring process variables control strategies are built by configuring and intercon.

Alarming (absolute, deviation, and output) necting up to six control blocks in each SPEC 200 MICRO Signal characterization control card. The control card has 21 different types of Quantizing, rate integration, and accumulation ~ conlrol blocks available. Each control block type per-Summing forms functions equivalent to those of their hardware Ratio control component counterparts. Frequently they have greatly Ramping expanded features and flexibility. For example, Figure 2

- PID control shows a typical temperature/flow cascade control strat-

~ Advanced features: egy. If you wish to enhance or modify the loop, simply add Self. tuning or modify blocks rather than purchase additional hard.

Nonlinear compensation ware modules.

Logic and sequential functions Set.point tracking SIMPLIFIED BLOCK ENTRY AND CONFIGURATION On. line algebraic computations The process engineer uses a configurator terminal to call

- Remote/local and auto/manual switching up individual block types on the terminal display and con-figure them into a control strategy.

SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL BLOCK CONCEPTS Construction of the blocks is based on a simple. fill in lhe-

~

'In the process control loop shown in Figure 1, a measure- blanks method of block parameter specification. Each ment signal from the process is passed through a signal block type has a one page form (see Fig<<Ie 3). Cont'-

conditioner to obtain a conditioned measurement value. ous parameters are entered as numeric values, bluer, The control block reads the conditioned signal, checks for connections, or control card I/O connections. I,ogical pa alarm conditions, and calculates its outputs. Output pro-, rameters are entered as logic values, block conneclions, cessing.then~retrieves the control block output, condi-"" or control card I/O connections'. You can select ADD.

tions the signal, and converts it to an analog signal at the MODIFY, or DELETE to add a new block, or cc control card output. delete. an existing block. Also, you must conllt.ure . .:aI conditioning indexes, connections to the co,,

pe ~

INPUT"r'::

PROCESS;. I.

ING AND I 'ID SIGNAL'h'i,l rr'cn y CONDIT-

'LOCK I

I I

I I

OUTPUT PROCESS.

ING AND sIGNAL CONDIT-SPEC 200 OUTPUT COMPONENT IONING'i,4 Is'~.~ CONTROL BLOCKS I IONING l;A I i XI </0 ~,fe, 1/'fI'r40.'e!;Otto f'Ch+ ~3i]SI Of0 4

'.:.'UTPUT

i .L >

PROCESS MEASUREMENT.'i.'g..i'.;"~'I Figure 1. Process Control Loop

TI 280 110 Page 3 TEMPERA URE SET POINT O'CK 2 BLOCK 3 OSET OUTI ESET OUTI OUTPUT PID PID INPUT I MEAS FBK MEAS FBK

, FMP PRIBK m 2 BLOCK I INPUT 2 OUT1 CORRECTED FLOW FLOW HEAD CALC INPUT:

INPUT I TEMP Figt Typical TemperaturelFlow Cascade Control Strategy ADD BACKS to Disk: Ds".UM LEVEL 08-3UL-85 FILE 1 DRUM LEVEL ¹1 CCC 01 202BTMLVL Ontions BLOCK 3 HIRNG N TYPE PID INCINC N ~Di s lay Deletions TAG ILRC-01022I Critical ERSQ N Al arm Options Alarm NOINT N Connections HA 102.0 N NOOER N MEAS 0.0 LA -2.0 N ~Dis lay Scaling OSET 0.0 DB 0.0 HS 100.0 FBK 0.0 HD 102.0 N (MANLIM/N LS .0 LD 102.0 N EU PCT O~tional Conn. DDB 0.0 FLUNKA N PRIBK HOA 102.0 FLUNKE N ~Dis lay Options ESET 0.0 LOA -2.0 M BAD Y AIR-C N SKIP 0 ODB 0.0 SP TRK N Hit P N TRACK 0 MOVRD Tuning Extension Blocks LOCP PBAND 1000 NONLBK REMP INT 0.00 TUNEBK MANP DERIV 0.00 O~ut ut Limits AUTP GAIN 0.000 HOLIM 102.0 BIAS 0.0 LOL IM -2. 0 Fl - Prev Level F2 Enter F4 - Default F5 To Level Figure 3. PID Block (Conf lgurator Display Shown uncontigured)

Tl 280 110 Page 4 No user programming is required. Configurations are OPERATOR INTERFACE-FOXNET HOSTS stored on a data case diskette used with the configurator In a distributed control system architecture using the terminal.

FOXNET Process Communications Link. SPEC 200 MICRO conlrol blocks are typically viewed and manipula.

BLOCK PROCESSING ted from a SPECTRUM operator workstation. The console Once the control card configuration is completed on the screen provides faceplate or graphic displays which are data base diske::e. you can transfer the information to the configured independently from. but connected to. the control card witn a startup command. The SPEC 200 SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks.

MICRO control card processes all of the blocks con.

Also. SPEC 200 MICRO oanel display stations can be figured d'or its co" trol loop once every 200 milliseconds.

used as a local or backuo operator interface. Control They are processed in the configured order, except for blocks have a W'P option that provides arbitration be.

the self tuning a"o nonlinear extenders (of PID blocks).

tween an operator at the workslalion and an operator at which are always orocessed with the PID block.

the panel dispfay s',ation. This operator can secure the When a control;ard is started up. the control blocks go block for use in the oanel mode(PI. or release the block to through four cyc es of initialization. This assures thai a FQXNET host in ',ne workstation mode (W). The panel blocks within cc;olex interconnection strategies are pro. mode is indicated oy an "X"(local) status indication at the perly initialized:.".h respect to each other and to process workstation andby a "P'ndication al the display slation.

variables. Initia,.=ation resets time history information stored withinblcc~s andinitializes block outputs at appro. SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL BLOCKS priate starting ialues so that control begins without Table 1 lists the furctiors of each block in the SPEC 200 bumpinc the p ccess. Initialization is a function of the MICRO control block set. together with a brief description block tyoe. Mos: "locks. such as PID. initialize by setting of each typical usace.:

the output equa. 'Io the feedback value.

SPEC CONTROL BLOCK FEATURES OPERATOR INTERFACE 200 MICRO DISPLAY STATIONS Just as SPEC 200 analoo uses 0 to 10 V dc as a nor-malized signal rance. SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks Durino SPEC 200 MICRO control card configuration. you use 0 to 4000 counts to represent a normalized 0 to 100%

select the blocks which appear at each display station signal range. The blocks operate on a 12 bit data value connected to tra control card. You can configure the Within a 16 bit WOrd. SCaling prOCedureS are Similar tO same block to aooear at more than one display. Each those used in dedicated component process control block tyoe. exceot TIMR, SSEL, and the PID extender equipment. Most block oarameters are freely intercon.

blocks. is capable of creating a faceplate on the display nectable (outputs to inouts). or can be entered as con.

station. If multip'e facepiates are configured for the same stant values. during configuration.

display slation.:,",e operator chooses the desired block faceplate with t".e "TAG" key. The "SEL" key allows the Each block in a control loop is assigned a unique block operator to sefec: the displayable parameters for that number when it is added to the data base. With the excep-block sequent,=-tly. thus providing accurate digital tion of the NONL and TUNE (extender) blocks. all blocks readout and man oulation, Other keys allow the operator are processed in numerical order. (The NONL and TUNE to change the r"ode of the control block: for example bfocks are processed at the same time as the PID block to auto or manual. which they are cor nected.) Thus. you can control the se.

quence of execution of blocks by assigning each block an When a control biock is displayed. all of the operator.

appropriate number within the control loop. (For example, conlrollabie parameters can be displayed for the opera-the primary contro'ler within a cascade loop can be made tor's use on that "lock except the loop tuning parameters.

to be processed before the secondary controller by as.

These tuning pa ameters are made accessible via a key.

signing it a lower block number.)

lock on the side of the display station.

'These tables are 'cr illustration only and may contain mi'nor terminology differences from actual product features.

TI 280.110 Page 5 Listed below are the 21 control block names and their ~ Digital/Logic:

meanings. DIN = Digital input DOUT = Digital output

~ Control: GATE = Multiple gate PID Proportional/integral/derivative SEO = Sequencer controller ~ Dynamic Compensation:

TUNE Self tuning extender LLAG = Lead/lag dynamic compensator NONL Nonlinear extender DTIM = Dead time INT Integral only controller AMB Automatic/manual station wilh bias ~ Miscellaneous:

RTIO Ratio SWCH = Switch SSEL = SignaI selector

~ Input and Conversion: =

ALRM Alarm and limiter MIB = Multiple input block =

RAMP Universal ramp generator CHAR = Characterizer =

TIMR Timer ACUM = Accumulator CALC = Calculator Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions CONTROLLERS BLOCK NAME: PID (Proportional ~ Integral ~

Derivative)

DESCRIPTION:

Enhanced version of proportional (P) integral (I), and derivative (D) controller with manual or automatic opera.

~

tion. Enhanced features include: process alarming: self tuning and nonlinear operation (using extender blocks); and many logic inputs to modify controller operation.

FUNCTION:

Performs primary function of PID controller, including absolute, deviation, and output alarms. Allows external control of block operation(auto/manual) and set point operation(remote/local) from a display station/host con.

sole or another block. Also includes an output summing (bias) capability.

OPTIONS:

~ Reverse and error squared control action

~ Suppressing integral or derivative action

~ Set point tracking

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Self generated cascade connections

~ Skip (for sampled. data operation)

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High and low output limits

~ Output limits active in manual

~ Self tuning control (using TUNE block) extension function

~ Nonlinear gain (using NONL block) extension function

~ Host-actuated flunk to auto or external set point

~ Logic input actuated transfer to auto, manual. local set point, or remote set point USE:

Feedback. type control of flow. temperature, pressure. level. and other process loops.

DISPLAY:

Continuous Display Station (CDS): Displays active set point, measurement. and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of remote set point display

~ Air to close/open final operator (output display)

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

V1J>> I '1(Igloo ~ '>>4 I 4N ll I>>>>)41 1 )1>>1l 'I >>) I\>>II)ll>>lvlt>>~ t>>V ~ lllj>>'ll 0 IV>>>>IA1>> <~ >> p>>>>>>h ~ IM>>l PV hi>>lAI ' I>>>> li I l 4 ~ i ~ I'l>>I I t I>> ~ >>'>>'ll i>> 'ill II I ~ f I f> I

,TI 280110 Page 0 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: TUNE (Self. Tuning)

DESCRIPTION:

Automatic "Expert System" adjustment of PID control tuning parameters. Thi; is based on continuous moni ~

loring of the process measuremenl.

FUNCTION:

Self tuning of the PID block in respo>>se to process changes. Extends the capability of the PID block to include self. tuning operation.

USE:

Tuning a process with a large dead time or a process having dynamic wf>i< I> are time. variant.

I) I!>PLAY Fxte<<ds l<<ning parameters ol thr. PID block to include sell tuning feat<<r~

BLOCK NAME: NONL (Nonlinear)

I)FSCRIPl ION:

PID hlock error term processing extender.

FUNCTION:

Alters tt>u proportional gain in a zone about zero deviation to compensate for nonlinear process gain.

USE:

pH and other types of nonlinear control loops.

DISPLAY.

None BLOCK NAME: INT (Integral Only)

DESCRIPTION:

Produces lime integration of the error with integral feedback action.

FUNCTION:

Allows pure integral control action on the error between lhe set ooint and the process measurement. Inte.

grates the error signal according to a specifiable time constant. Also included are absolute, deviation, and output alarms. Allows external control of block operation (auto/manual) and set point operation (remote/local) from a display station/host console or another blocl..

OPTIONS:

~ Reverse control action

~ Set point tracking

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Self generated cascade connections

~ Skip (for sampled data operation)

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High or low output limits

~ Output limits active in manual

~ Host. actuated flunk to auto or external set point

~ Logic input actuated transfer to aulo, manual, local set point, or remote set point USE:

Used in a multiple output control system or as a ramp generator.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays active set point, measurement, and OUT1 (optional) values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Remote set point display deletion '

Panel/workstation arbitration Air to close/open final operator (OUT1 display)

TI 280 110 page Z Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: AMB (Auto Manual and Bias)

~

'ESCRIPTION:

Controllable auto/manual with bias station.

FUNCTION:

The auto control mode allnws the input signal to pass through the block with the bias added to it. The manual control mode allows manual manipulalion of the block output signal. This block provides a connection for an external feedback signal. Also included are absolute and output alarms. Allows external control of block opera.

tion (auto/manual) from a display station/host console or another block.

OPTIONS:

~ Automatic switchover to mariual on a bad input signal

~ Self. generated cascade connections

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High and low output limits

~ 0'utput limits active in manual

~ Host actuated flunk to auto

~ Balance time for bumpless manual to auto transfer USE:

Manual loading station (e.g., could protect a downstream calculation from the zero output of a Iailed transmit.

ter). Typical uses include input scaling or manually biasing an input signal. Also provides a means of auto/

manual control over any signal leaving the control card.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement, bias, and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of bias and/or measurement displays

~ Panel/v'o: kslation arbitration

~ Air to close/open final operator (OUT1 display)

BLOCK NAME: RTIO (Ratio)

DESCRIPTION:

Adjustable ratio mulliplier with input/output scaling, and alarm.

FUNCTION:

Multiplies the input measurement (wild flow) by the ratio signal. Ratio signal scaling produces the desired ratio range corresponding to 0 to 100% of the ratio signal. Input and output bias provided. A track feature causes the block's output to automatically track the feedback input signal. Also included are absolute and output alarms.

OPTIONS:

High and low output limits.

USE:

Control of air/fuel mixture to a burner or similar applicalions requiring ratio control.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTION: Panel/workstation arbitration.

~ Tl 280'110 Page 8 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

INPUT AND CONVERSION BLOCK NAME: MIB (Multiple Input Block)

DESCRIPTION:

Four channel signal conditioning block.

FUNCTION:

The MIB provides additional signal conditioning for up to four analog inputS. A bias and cain adjustment is pro.

vided for each channel. In addition. each input may be passed through a first order filter, Each conditioned input is passed to a unique output.

OPTIONS (each channel):

~ Scaling

~ Filtering

~ Absolute alarming (channel 1 only)

USE; Scaling. filtering. and alarm implementation on a 'ield measurement.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays channel outputs 1, 2. anc 3 values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of either output 1. 2. cr 3 from disolay.

BLOCK NAME: CHAR (Characterizer)

DESCRIPTION:

Linear segment X-Y function calculator. Eleven X.Y specifiable coordinates allow, ten segment curve approx.

imation for specialized signal characterization. Pe.mits you to build "custom fit" functions for nonlinear sig.

nals.

FUNCTION:

Allows characterization of a process variable through construction of a segmented. characteristic curve.

Produces the Y component output of a user.specif;ed X.Y coordinate graph plot. given the X component (mea surement) as an input.

USE:

Linearization of a nonlinear measurement (e.g.. fluid level in a spherical tank, valve output signal. etc.).

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement and output values in barcraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of either measurement or output disolay.

Tl 280 110 Page 9 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

DIGITAL/LOGIC BLOCK NAME: DIN (Digital Input)

DESCRIPTION:

Digital signal contact or logic input and comparator block, with pattern recognition for up to 16 user specifiable patterns.

FUNCTION:

Conditions an eight bit digital input signal according to the configured INVERT mask, and routes the condi ~

tioned signal t'o OUT1, comparing it against each of up to 16 user. specified, eight bit patterns. If a match oc-curs between the input word and any or all of the user specified patlerns. it sets a corresponding bit (or bits) in OUT2. showir,g which of the 16 patterns matched the input word. (Also sets the special alarm bit in the status word, sicnalling that a match occurred.) Any number of bits (user selectable) within any of the pattern words can be masked out (and thus ignored) during the pattern comparisons. This allows alarms and/or other control actions on a wide variety of process contact or logical bit combinations.

USE:

Alarms andfor other control actions on a wide variety of process contact or logical bit combinations. Also, can alarm illecal input combinations.

DISPLAY:

Discontinuous Display Station (DDS): Displays any subset of the eight output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. An indication of the pattern number of any pattern match can optionally be displayed in the selected variable field.

CDS display: OUT1 is disoiayed in the selected variable field. and an indication by pattern number of any pat.

tern match which has occurred.

DDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Deletion of the pattern number indication

~ Alarming on any selected contact state

~ Designation of any contact alarm or pattern alarm as critical CDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Deletion of the pattern number indication

~ Alarmir.c on any selected contact state

~ Designation of any contact alarm or pattern alarm as critical

TI 280 110 Page 10 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: DOUT (Digital Output)

DESCRIPTION:

Digital auto/manual station. Logic signal collector/output block.

FUNCTION:

In the manual mode, allows manipulation of up to eight individual digital contact outputs. In the AUTO mode,

~

gathers up to eight discrete logic inputs, conditions them according to the configured INVERT mask, and routes the conditioned signal to OUT1. External control of block operation (auto/manual) is allowed from a dis play station/host console or another block.

OPTIONS:

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Output tracking of the feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ Host actuated flunk to manual

~ Input inversion (per input)

USE:

Digital auto/manual station.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: Displays any subset of the eight output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. Provides auto/manual switching and manual manipulation of each OUT1 contact.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Selection of displayed output bits

~ Panel/workstation arbitration BLOCK NAME: GATE (Multiple Gate Block)

DESCRIPTION:

Eight element logic block.

FUNCTION:

Contains eight two input logic gates. Allows configuration of logical operations using various (AND, OR, XOR, NAND. NOR, NXOR) gating functions and pulse output. This allows you to create multiple logic functions by interconnection of various gating elements. When used as a pulse output device, a gate functions as a "triggered OR" one shot(i e., for a 0 to.1 transition at either input, a 200millisecond, one cycle. positive pulse is produced).

USE:

Create combinational logic functions based on contacts, alarm, or status conditions, sequence steps. etc.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: Displays the state of any selected gate output in OUT1 on the contact state indicators.

CDS display: Displays gate outputs in OUT1 in the selected variable field.

DDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Alarming of any gate output state

~ Designation of any gate output alarm as critical

~ Input inversion (per input)

CDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Alarming of any gate output state

~ Designation of any gate output alarm as critical

TI 280-110 Page 11 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: SEQ (Sequencer)

DESCRIPTION:

Eight step pattern generator.

FUNCTION:

Functions as an eight step pattern generator, with additional patterns for INITand HOLD. In the auto mode, the step being executedis controlledby eight logical inputs. The next step is selected only il its input is active. and the current step equals the previous step number. In the auto mode, if the logical inputs for the HOLD or INIT steps are active. they willoverride the other steps. INIT has the highest priority. The manual mode allows oper-ator selection of a desired step. or direct manipulation of up to eight of the available outputs in OUT1. The output patterns and number of output steps is user configurable.

OPTIONS:

~ Inversion of the sense of any of the step inputs

~ Specification and activation of the INIT and HOLD steps by logic inpuls

~ Switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Output tracking of feedback signal

~ Manual override USE:

Controlling phased operations in batch processes, synchronization of process functions, etc.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: In the auto mode, displays the name of the active step in the selected variable field. and the state of the output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. Provides auto/manual switching. In the manual mode. allows operator selection of a desired step. or direct manipulation of the available outputs in OUT1.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Selection of the available output bits to be displayed

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ User configured step names are up to four characters long

Tl 280 110 Page 12 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

DYNAMIC COMP EN SATION BLOCK NAME: LLAG (Lead Lag)

DESCRIPTION:

Computational dynamic compensator (contains one lead lag element).

FUNCTION:

Permits rapid (inductive lead) or gradual (capacitive lag) control action to be introduced into a process loop in response to a changing input signal. The amount of lag is determined by a user configurable GTIM (lag time) parameter. The amount of lead action may be configured through use of the GAIN parameter. An optional bias is available on the output.

OPTIONS:

~ Positive irnouise action

~ Negative impulse action

~ Bi polar impulse action Positive impulse (IMPP) or negative impulse (IMPN) modes imply a positive or negative shiit in the measure.

ment value will be detected, and the corresponding output pulse will be correspondingly positive or negative.

When the FOLLOW input is set = 1. the output follows the input. Note. FOLLOW can have a tour character name.

USE:

Process dynamics compensation in feedforward, feedback, and non interacting control strategies.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: In bargraph format displays measurement and output. FOLLOW can be initiated or reset trom

~

the display station by scrolling the parameter into the selected variable field and pressing the Up (1) or Down (!)

keys that act as togcle switches.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement and/or output indications

~ Deletion ot the FOLLOW display capability

~ Panel/workstation arbitration BLOCK NAME: DTIM (Dead Time)

DESCRIPTION:

Adjustable length. taoped delay line with selectable tap ott points.

FUNCTION:

Introduces a user-specifiable delay of a process measurement or control action. Delays the input a specified length of time before making it available at the output. Twenty. five delay slots are utilized to store and advance the sampled input. The dead time resolution is therefore 1/25 (4%) of full scale. The maximum full scale length of the delay is established by the MAXDT (maximum dead time) parameter. MAXDTis specified in either of two ranges: 0 to 25 minutes or 0 to 200 minutes (HIRNG). The actual delay produced is a function ot the DTIM (dead time) parameter. which represents a percentage (0 to 100%) of MAxDT.The dead time introduced into a signal is thus accurate to within approximately 1/25th of the maximum dead time, in minutes specified by MAXDT.

When the FOLLOW input is set = 1. the output follows the input. Note. FOLLOW canhave a four character name.

USE:

Dynamic compensation in an advanced control system.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: In bargraph format, displays measurement and output. FOLLOW can be initiated or reset from the display stationby scrolling the parameter into the selected variable field and pressing the Up or Down keys.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement and/or output indications

~ Deletion of the FOLLOW display capability

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

TI 280 110 Page 13 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

MISCELLANEOUS BLOCK NAME: SWCH (Dual Switch)

DESCRIPTION:

Dual, single pole, double.lhrow switches.

FUNCTION:

Provides two, independent single pote, double throw A/B switching elements that are switchedby TOGL1 and

~

TOGL2 as follows.

<<0 Operation:

With TOGL1 = 0. then OUT1 = IN1 >41 With TOGL1 = 1, then OUT1 = IN2

~t ~

t With TOGL2 = 0. then OUT2 = IN3 With TOGL2 = 1 then OUT2 = IN4

~

>4)

I14

~ 0 2 lovl2 USE:

Permits independent switching of one output signal from source A to source 8 and another output signal from source C to source D (for example. switching from one control strategy to another based on a process condi ~

tion).

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Page 1 displays IN1, IN2, and OUT1 in bargraph format, plus TOGL1 in the selected variable field. Page 2 displays IN3, IN4. and OUT2 in bargraph format, plus TOGL2 in the selected variable field.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of any of the displayable parameters from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ Toggle names are user configurable, nine characters for each toggle state.

BLOCK NAME: SSEL (Signal Selector)

DESCRIPTION:

Multi.signal discriminator/selector.

FUNC1 iON:

Selects as its output (OUT1). from up to eight separate signals, either the highest, lowest, or median. OUT2 indicates which input has been selected. Also. the SSEL computes the true average of all active input signals.

The NUM option specifies the number of input signals used for selection.

OPTIONS:

~ High selection

~ Low selection

~ Median selection

~ Average USE:

Used in auto select systems where the number of controlled variables exceeds the number of manipulated variables.

DISPLAY:

None

TI 280.110 Page 14 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: ALRM (Alarm and Limiter)

DESCRIPTION:

Signal out of. range detector/indicator/rate limiter.

FUNCTIONS (optional):

~ Absolute alarm sensing/indication

~ Deviation alarm sensing/indication

~ Output alarm sensing/indication

~ Rate alarm sensing/indication

~ Output rate limiting

~ Output limiting When the Follow input is set = 1. the output follows the measurement signal.

USE:

Supplementary or redundant process condition alarm or rate of. change indication and control.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement. set-point, and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of measurement, set point. and output Cisolays.

BLOCK NAME: RAMP (Universal Ramp Generator)

DESCRIPTION:

Dual. linear ramp generator with single output.

FUNCTION:

Each ramp has an adjustable slope, and can be configured to ramp the output either up or Cown. The block also has the capability to INITialize to the low output limit. FOLLOW the input (measurement) (with configurable reset balance tine). or HOLD at the present output. (The reset balance time allows the output to reset to the input value at a soecifiable rate when the block is switched to FOLLOW). Priority of functions is: INIT, FOLLOW, HOLD, RAMP1. and RAMP2. High and low output limits are available. Tne Hl and LO bits in OUT2 indicate when the output has reached its target value and is clamped to the high or low output limits. respectively. Each ramp has a configurable delay. which is the time interval between ramp command and the start of output ramping.

OPTIONS:

~ Invert each ramp (negative slope)

~ Delay each ramp (0 to 25 minutes)

~ Hl range (0 to 200 minutes)

USE:

Set point or signal variation of a controlled rate.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays the measurement and output values inbargraoh format. The logic states RUN1. RUN2, INIT. and FOLLOW are displayable, and can be toggled from the display if a pointer is not configured.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement display

~ Deletion of any of the logic states RUN1. RUN2. INIT, and FOLLOW from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ A four. character name can be user. configured for each of the iogic states

Tl 280.110 Page 15 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: TIMR (Timer)

DESCRIPTION:

Two stage. variable length, timed pvlse generator with repeat capability.

FUNCTION:

User configured timing functions for ON delay, OFF delay, timing SEQuencer steos, etc. When the RUN input is set. timer 1 starts and then times out. When timer 1 times out, timer 2 starts and then times out. OUT1 con.

tains two logic bits; T1ON is set while timer 1 is timing, and T2ON is set while timer 2 is timing.

OPTIONS:

~ Repeat allows a cycle to continually repeat. thus producing two independen:ly controllable, complemen.

tary, variable length. pulsed waveforms with a repeat period of T1 plus T2.

~ Hold stops the timing when activated.

Timers reset when the RUN input resets.

USE:

Allows timing control of process reactions through the use of two independent, sequentially operated timers.

DISPLAY:

None BLOCK NAME: ACUM (Accumulator)

DESCRIPTION:

Integrator/totalizer.

FUNCTION:

The block scales its input and accumulates it in a two.word(32.bit) accumulator output (AC) of up to 99999999 counts. A two word "target" value for the accumulated value is available for alarming or control. The input can originate from another block or from a SPEC 200 analog input component.

Absolute alarming is performed on the measurement input.

A Hold logical input, while it is active, stops accumulation. A Clear logical input causes the accumulator to be reset. A Set logical input causes the accumulator to be set to either a preset value or to the accumulator value from another ACUM block.

Activation of the Clear or Set function causes the accvmulator valve to be storedin the TOTAL parameter and protected for the duration of a timer, thus allowing computers on FOXNET time to read the value.

A user. assigned Target value causes a bit to be set in OUT2 when the target value is reached in the accumvla.

tor. OUT1 provides a normalized value representing the accumulated value as a percent (0 to 102) of the tar.

get.

USE:

Monitoring a d/p Cell transmitter and shutting off flow at a specified total volume. blending, etc.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays the measurement and OUT1 values in bargraph format, and displays the accvmulated value in the selected variable field. The engineering units for the measurement and the accumulated value are user configurable.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Delete OUT1 from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

TI 280 110 Page 16 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: CALC (Calculator)

DESCRIPTION:

Multiple input. 35 step. floating point. programmable calculator. Separate store and access operations inter-facing to three independent memories. Seven arithmetic and logical functions. Uses normalized inputs from either stored constants, I/O points. or block oulputs. Provides three outputs.

FUNCTION'.

Provides multi purpose calculation functions. Up to three independent calculation functions can be combined in a single block. due to the three output capability. Operators and operands are specified in algebraic format.

Up to 35 sequential operators and operands can be specified per CALC block. Operands can be numerical constants. other block outputs. or direct process I/O values. Also. operands canbe written by a FOXNET host.

Calculations are performed internally in floating point to preserve accuracy and to minimize the possibility of overflow. When overflow or underflow occurs, calculations are continued usiftg + or - machine infinity. re-spectively. Inputs from other blocks are normalized to produce floating point numbers in the range 0.0 to 1.0.

This is done to avoid the need to consider internal "counts" in scaling equations.

Each CALC block contains three internal "memories" (or temporary registers) and an accumulator. You can use three store operators (S1. S2. and S3) to transfer intermediate calculation results from the accumulator into any of the three memories to be employed repeatedly throughout the calculations. This avoids having to recalculate parts of the equation using the M1, M2, or M3 operators. At the end of the cycle. memory contents are available for transfer to other control blocks in OUTl. OUT2. and OLIT3. Also, the memory contents are preserved from the end of one block execution to the next. Only the accumulator is cleared at the end of the execution cycle. Afso. you can use logical input pointers (from another block or from the control card discrete I/O) to conditionally execute part of an equation. Logical values of 1 and 0 are handled as numeric multipliers of values 1.00 and 0.00. respectively.

A number of independent calculations canbe made and their results stored in any of the memories during each CALC block execution cycle. When the " = operator is encountered by the block processor. the result of the last calculation in the accumulator is transferred to M1. The three memories are then transferred to their respective outputs and block processing terminates for that execution cycle. The results of the block's final calculations are preserved in the three memories for the next processing cycle.

USE:

Allows real. time computation of process variables (temperature, flow, pressure, etc.). Also. you can use the block to model specialized algorithms. perform signal characterizations, alter control waveforms. etc.

Greater than and less than operators allow for signal selection and logic functions.

TI 280 110 Page 17 Table 1. SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: CALC (Calculator) (Cont.)

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays OUT1 OUT2, and OUT3 values in bargraph format.

~

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of OUT1. OUT2. or OUT3 displays.

~ Engineering units with high and low scale are independently configurable for each output.

Configurable operator/function codes are as follows:

(Enterable)

Functional Operator CALC Function Executed

+ Add next operand to accumulator: store sum in accumulator Subtract nexl operand from accumulator: store difference in accumulato r Multiplyaccumulator by next operand: store product in accumulator (also logical AND if operand is a logical type)

/ Divide accumulator by next operand: store result in accumulator S Take square root of accumulator; store result in accumulator S1 Store accumulator in Ml S2 Store accumulator in M2 S3 Store accumulator in M3 Put next operand in accumulator if less than present value in accumulator Put next operand in accumulator if greater than present value in accumulator M1 Use M1 as the operand in following operation M2 Use M2 as the operand in following operation M3 Use M3 as the operand in following operation Store contents of accumulator in M1: transfer M1 o OUT1; M2 to OUT2; M3 to OUT3; terminate block execution

'I 2801'IO Page 18 PROCESS CONTROL EXAMPLE Figure 4 shows a functional control toop diam Im nf lhe The following example of a three element drum level con. example.

trol is given to show how the SPEC 200 MICRO control Figure 5 shows the control blocks and -so".wiring- re.

blocks canbe configured to implement a control scheme. quired for the analog signals in the cor~irol scheme example.

STEAM FLOW DRUM LEVEL FEEDWATER FLOW

~ ~ <

FT NON CRITICAL LT FT NON CRITICAL I/V I/V I/V DRUM LEVEL SET POINT A

PI PI Pl I < T LOGIC TRANSFER TO 1-ELEMENT WHEN LOAD IS LESS THAN 25%

OR WHEN EITHER STEAM FLOW V/I OR FEEDWATER FLOW FAILS I(X)

FEEDWATER VALVE Figure 4. Three Element Drum Level Control Example

~ II I

~ I <k

r r y1 TI 280.110 Page 19 DIIUM LEVEL STEAM FLOW I'EEDWATER FLOW (SCIX % LINEAR) (SCIX ~ SQ RT) (SCIX ~ SQ RT)

DISPLAY ' MEASUREMENT OSP OSP SET POINT P+ I P~l BLOCK BLOCK (PID) (P ID) a3 ul 0

SP M P+ I DISPLAY BLOCK (PID)

-"2 0

IN2 IN1 I GATE BLOCK (LOGIC, REFER TO FIGURE 6)

=6 TGL II2 SWITCH BLOCK

-4 TO FEEDWATER VALVE MULTIPLE INPIJT BLOC K

"' ~

FEEDWATER and STEAM FLOW display(indicator).

One element DRUM LEVEL control display (operator set loop).

M ~ Measurement OSP ~ Operator set point 0 Output 8 ~ Bias input (performs PID block output+ STEAM FLOW summing function).

F ~ Feedback input.

SCIX ~ Signal conditioning index Figure 5. Control Block Analog Connections J ~

<f

~ g r ~ ~

Tt 260 tto Page 20 Figure 6 shows the control blocks and "soft wiring" re. one switch (SWCH) block, and one GATE bfock. Configure quired for the logic signals in the control scheme the SC)X for the steam and feedwater flow inputs with example. square root extraction.

For this control scheme example. configure the control The control scheme developed in Figures 5 and 6 has the card with three PID blocks. one multiple input IM(B)block, following characteristics:

P+ I INVERTER P+I Bt.OCK BLOCK (PID) (PART OF A (PID)

=3 GATE BLOCK) =I P+ I BLOCK (PID)

=2 OR MANUALSTATUS (FROM PID I /2 TG L =3 BLOCK)

GATE SWITCH LOAD (25%

BLOCK (PART

-"4 OF A GATE BAD STEAIVI FLOW BLOCK) BAD FEEDWATER FLOW O~ Output.

T ~ Tracking enable.

TGL ~ ToggIe Input.

Figure 6. Control Block Logic Connections

~ )

4 j

Tl 280 110 Page 21

~ If the loop develops bad steam flow, bad feedwater ~ When //3 PID is in MANUAL, it drives the switch flow, or load <25%, the control automatically swit. block output. This is due to the fact that the manual ches from three element to single element control. status signal toggles the switch block to IN2.

~ The output value displayed for //3 PID is the same as the output value sent to the feedwater valve. This is Shown below is a block diagram of the minimum hard.

due to the fact that ff3 PID is tracking the switch ware required for the control scheme example.

block output when in three element control.

1 CDS DISPLAY 1 CDS CONF I GURATOR STATION DISPLAY STATION lOPTIONAL) 1 CONTROL CARD CONF IGURED FOR 3 PID, 1 SWCH, 1 MIB, and 1 GATE BLOCKts)

TO/FROM SPEC 200 I/O COMPONENTS (two 2AI-I3V and one 2AO-V3I).

Figure 7. Hardware Block Diagram

I, Tl 280 110 Page 22 If desired. you can add an additional Continuous Display Figure 8 shows one of the PID block con figurator displays Station (CDS) to continuously monitor feedwater and after it has been configured for the control scheme exam.

steam flow from the MIB block. pie.

ADD BLOCKS to Disk: DRUM LEVEL 08-JUL-85 FILE 1 DRUH LEVEL ¹1 CCC 01 202BTMLVL O~tions BLOCK 3 HIRNG TYPE PID INCINC ~Dis lay Deletions TAG I LRC-010221 Cri ti cal ERSQ Alarm Options Alarm NOINT Connections HA 75.0 N NODER MEAS I2 LA 45.0 Y Display Scaling OSET 65.0 DB 2.0 HS 40.0 FBK 01 HD 5.0 N iMANLIM(Y LS 10.0 LD 5.0 Y EU INCH O~tional Conn. DDB 2.0 FLUNKA N PRIBK HOA 100.0 FLUNKE N ~Dis lay Options ESET 0.0 LOA 0.0 M BAD Y AIR-C N SKIP 0 ODB 2.0 SP TRK N W/P N TRACK B6 08 03 HOVRD Tuning Extension Blocks LOCP PBAND 250 NONLBK REMP INT 1.00 TUNEBK HANP DERIV 0.00 O~ut ut Litsits AUTP GAIN 0.000 HOLIM 100.0 BIAS 0.0 LOLIM 0.0 Fl - Prev Level F2 - Enter F4 Default IF5 To Level Figure 8. PID Block Configurator Display for Control Scheme Example