ML17329A706

Reactor Protection & Control Process Instrumentation Replacement Project at DC Cook Nuclear Plant Units 1 & 2 Spec 200/SPEC 200 Micro Hardware & Firmware Sys Description

ML17329A706
Person / Time
Site:	Cook
Issue date:	12/02/1992
From:	AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER SERVICE CORP.
To:
Shared Package
ML17329A705	List: ML17329A704 ML17329A706 ML17329A707 ML17329A708 ML17329A709 ML17329A710 ML17329A711 ML17329A712 ML17329A713 ML17329A714 ML17329A715 ML17329A716 ML17329A717 ML17329A718 ML17329A719 ML17329A720 ML17334B451
References
2985-WGS-03, 2985-WGS-03-R00, 2985-WGS-3, 2985-WGS-3-R, NUDOCS 9212180058
Download: ML17329A706 (46)

Text

REACTOR PROTECTION AND CONTROL PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION REPLACEMENT PROJECT AT DONALD C.

COOK NUCLEAR PLANT UNITS 1

AND 2 SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO HARDWARE AND FIRMWARE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION REPORT NO. 2985-WGS-03i REV 0 Prepared by:

Date

/W > fz-Approved by:

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Introduction A hardware and firmware description of the upgraded Reactor Protection Process Instrument Replacement equipment is provided in the following attached documents:

General

System Description

(Document No. 0310-4120)

SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO Simplified Block Diagram SPEC 200 MICRO Control System Overview (Document No. TI 280-100)

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Blocks (Document No. TI 280-110)

P

System Description

No. 0310-4120 GENE&0 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The existing Foxboro H-Line analog process protection system consists of four protection sets; within each protection set are multiple racks.

Each rack contains various analog modules that process system inputs temperature,

pressure, level, and flow. These racks provide contact outputs to the reactor trip logic and Engineered Safeguards Actuation (ESF) system functions. D. C. Cook is replacing the H-Line equipment with Foxboro SPEC 200 and SPEC 200 MICRO, microprocessor based modules, on Units 1 and 2.

A. General Description of the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO System The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO process protection system is a micro-processor based replacement for the obsolete analog process protection system, The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system is designed to be installed in the existing process protection system racks once the analog hardware and internal rack wiring are removed.

The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO uses existing field terminal blocks, minimizing the disruption of field cables and preserving the existing Geld interfaces. The SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system processes the same inputs as the analog system, performs the same calculation and bistable functions, and supplies contact outputs to the reactor protection logic for initiating a reactor trip and ESF functions, and isolated analog outputs to indicators, recorders, plant computer and various control systems. Similar to the H-Line system, the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system uses individual SPEC 200 MICRO modules to perform trip functions, though non-diverse trip functions are sometimes combined on the same SPEC 200 MICRO module. The followingmodules make up the SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO system:

Input Modules:

o N-2AI-H2V

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N-2AI-P2V

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N-2AI-T2V

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N-2AI-C2L Processor Modules;

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N-2CCA-S

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N-2CCA-D

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System Description===

No. 0310-4120 Output Modules:

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N-2AO-V2H

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N-2AO-L2C-R The various input, processor, and output modules are assembled and wired in nests and configured to perform the desired function. The nests provide low voltage power for the modules from multinest power supplies, The nests and power supplies are mounted in the existing racks and configured to perform the control functions desired.

1. Input Modules Analog input signals such as 4-20 mA, 10-50 mA, millivolt, thermocouple, RTD's, are accepted by the SPEC 200 family of input signal converter modules, and are converted to a 0-10 V dc system signal level, Each input converter module is an isolated input module with two channels of independent inputs.

The live zero-based, 10 volt span signal provides exceptional sensitivity, simplifies scaling, and provides a safe system to work on.

All instruments are wired in parallel which simplifies loop interconnections and permits the addition and removalofloop components without interrupting the integrity of loop operation.

2. Processor Modules The SPEC 200 MICRO control card is a microprocessor-based unit which performs signal conditioning, regulatory control, and logic control functions. Control strategies are built by configuring interconnections between the control cardinput/output terminal and up to six blocks per control card. Each control block may be any one ofthe twenty block types listed:

PID - PID Control NONL-Nonlinear extender INT - Integral-Only AMB - Auto/Manual Bias RTIO - Ratio MIB - MultipleInput GATE - Logic Gate CHAR - Characterizer DIN - Contact In DOUT - Contact Out SEQ - Sequencer DTIM-Dead time LLAG-Lead/Lag SWCH - Switch SEL - Select ALRM-Alarm RAMP - Ramp TIMR-Timer ACUM-Accumulator CALC-Calculator

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System Description

No. 0310-4120 The SPEC 200 MICRO control card uses a single nest slot. It has four analog inputs, two analog outputs, two contact inputs and two contact outputs. With the extended control card, two nest slots are utilized. This extension and control card provides for four analog inputs, two outputs, ten contact inputs and ten contact outputs. Each configured block is processed five times a second, which includes analog to digital conversion as well as error checks.

One level of security is provided as a result of SPEC 200 MICRO's low modularity. The SPEC 200 MICRO control card allows functional distribution to a very low level due to the inherent physical and input/output modularity of the card itself.

This small number of shared functions allows the design of a control system with a strategy that emphasizes hardware fault containment.

Builtinto the control card hardware and software are the followingsecurity features:

~

Comprehensive on-line diagnostics continuously monitor the status of the system, and trigger system alarms to the operator upon failure.

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Local indicators provide quick and easy identification of the failed card.

~

Detection ofBADinput signals.

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Verification that the correct outputs are being received by the digital to analog output converters.

Control strategies and the data base are also protected. Upon detection of failures and dependent on the type of failure, strategies can be configured to fall back to manual control or to hold the last output signal.

Upon loss of power the output will go to zero.

When power is restored, the output, as configured by the user, can remain at zero or return to its last value.

During power interruptions, protectionof the control strategy data base is provided on each control card by battery backup for as much as 15,000 hours0 days <br />0 hours <br />0 weeks <br />0 months <br /> on a new battery, and a minimum of approximately 1000 hours0.0116 days <br />0.278 hours <br />0.00165 weeks <br />3.805e-4 months <br /> on a battery at the low voltage threshold.

Communication with the control blocks configured in a SPEC 200 MICRO control card is via an on-line operator interface, the SPEC 200 MICRO Display Station.

The station presents to the operator all relevant process information within the control block. The control station's information is updated five times per second.

The display is vacuum fluorescence which is very bright, easy to see, highly dependable and requires low maintenance because it is totally electronic using microprocessor-based circuitry.

The SPEC 200 MICRO display station provides for more functions, and for greater flexibilitythan conventional analog panel displays.

i (l

System Description

No. 0310-4120

3. Output Nodules To transmit control and status information to the field and other devices, a family of SPEC 200 output converters is provided which include 10-50 mA and relay switching modules.

These output modules are qualified Class 1E to non-Class 1E isolators.

4. Power Supplies and Distribution Amulti-nest power supply is provided to supply power to each system rack. addition Power is distributed to each nest through a power distribution module, This module protects.

control modules and the power supply from over-voltage, reverse voltage, and over-current conditions.

The multi-nest power supply furnishes both + 15 and -15 V dc thruogh nest power distribution modules for operation of display and nest-mounted instrument electronics, and 24 V ac for operation of recorder chart drives. Power supply redundancy is provided by utilizing the (N+ 1) approach for each group ofracks..

A 75 Vdc power supply is provided to power the 10 to 50 mAmp transmitters.

The 75 Vdc is distributed to the field input moduleds via the same nest power distribution modules as the electronics power to the isolated field bus.

N+1 redundancy of the 75 Vdc power supply is implemented.

5. Test Panel The protection system is designed to permit periodic testing of the analog channel portion of the reactor trip system during reactor power operation without initiating a protective action unless a trip condition actually exists. This is because of the coincidence logic required for reactor trip.

These tests may be performed at any plant power from cold shutdown to full power. Analog channel testing is performed at each instrumentation rack by individually introducing dummy input signals into the instrumentation channels and observing the tripping of the appropriate output bistables.

Process analog output to the logic circuitry is interrupted during individual channel test by a test switch which, when thrown, deenergizes the associated logic input and inserts a proving lamp in the bistable output.

Interruption of the bistable output to the logic circuitry for any cause (test, maintenance purposes, or removal from service) will cause that portion of the logic to be actuated (partial trip), accompanied by a partial trip alarm and channel status light actuation in the control room. Each channel contains those switches, test points, etc., necessary to test the channel.

'I

System Description

No. 0310-4120

6. Maintenance Interface The maintenance interface for adjusting set points and tuning parameters is the SPEC 200 MICRO panel display.

The SPEC 200 MICRO normally operates without a display attached.

To adjust setpoints a multiconductor cable is plugged into the SPEC 200 MICRO module. The other end of the cable is connected to the SPEC 200 MICRO panel display.

The display reads the conQguration from the SPEC 200 MICRO module. Akey-lock on the display allows the technician to switch the display from "operate" to "tune" in order to adjust set points or tuning parameters.

The setpoint is read on the front ofthe display. A seperate port on the display connects to a Personal Computer for conQguration of the SPEC 200 MICRO module. During normal operation the display and conQgurator are not connected; each SPEC 200 MICRO module operates independently.

B. General Description ofModiTication Atthe D. C. Cook Plant, AEP willremove the H-Line analog equipment and wiringin each of the process protective racks and replace this equipment with SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MICRO. In each protection set, the instrument loops in each rack will, to the extent possible, remain in that rack. The functions previously performed in H-Line modules will be distributed among analog input, SPEC 200 MICRO and analog/contact output modules.

Sharing ofnon-diverse functions on modules is documented in the functional diagrams. The new system performs the same f'unctions previously performed by the H-Line equipment.

FIELD INPUTS SPEC INPUT PROCESSING RTD mVolt mAmp CCI 200 INPUT MODULE 2 INPUTS per Module Oto10 Vdc (4)

Logic Level (2or10)

BLOCK PROCESSING B4 B5 B6 Oto10 Vdc (2)

Logic Level (2or10)

SPEC 200 mAmp CCO OUTPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT MODULE SPEC 200 MICRO MODULE Power Distribution via SPEC 200 Nest Power Distribution Module and Multi-Nest Power Supply 2/4 OUTPUTS FIELD per Module OUTPUTS SPEC 200/SPEC 200 MlCRO SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM

TI 280-100 PID BLOCK 1 TAG 01 PID BLOCK 2 TAG 02 MIB BLOCK 3 TAG 03 MIB BLOCK 4 TAG 04 ONE CONTROL CARD CYCLE (200 ms)

Q FOXNET LINK MIB BLOCK 5 TAG 05 PID BLOCK 6 TAG 06 TO SPEC 200 FIELD INTERFACE SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL SYSTEM OVERVIEW Provides process data acquisition and control in a stand alone system, or in a distributed system using the FOXNET Process Communications Link to communicate with FOXNET hosts.

The SPEC 200 MICRO control system provides the user with regulatory. logic. sequential, and calculating control capability. Its major functional capabilities are control.

signal conditioning and alarming, logic operations.

dy.

namic compensation.

calculation, signal selection. and timing functions.

SUITABLE FOR SMALLOR LARGE SYSTEMS The smallest SPEC 200 MICRO system can be designed to control a single loop. Such a system could consist of one nest with a power supply, one single loop I/O compo.

nent, one SPEC 200 MICRO control card, and one SPEC 200 MICRO continuous display station.

The largest SPEC 200 MICRO system can have thousands of Iooos in a distributed system architecture.

Multiple FOXNET hosts can provide faceplates, graphics, and pro.

cess management functions. The SPEC 200 MICRO Net.

work Communications Module can co exist with other FOXNET slave station types. The FOXNET link can have up to 100 stations. limited only by FOXNET configuration and required throughput.

POWERFUL MICROPROCESSOR BASED CONTROL ALGORITHMS The SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks provide the power to build advanced control strategies, which can ofter OXHOR 1985 by The Foxboro Company

+Registered Trademark

Tl 280 100 page 2 greater security, more precise control andincreased flex-ibilityof operator interaction with the control strategy. In contrast to an analog control system, these benefits de.

rive from using additional software blocks, rather than ex-tra hardware modules. More control power for the same capital outlay results when control strategies employ these powerful block features.

New teatures include in.

version of logic inputs and outputs, direct connection of analog outputs to any continuous value type parameter in the control scheme, and separation of control card output limiting from alarming functions.

SECURITY THROUGH LOW MODULARITY The physical and I/O modularity of the SPEC 200 MICRO control card allows functional distribution to a very low level. SPEC 200 MICRO offers a microprocessor. based system with the modularity of an analog system. There.

fore, you can partition control schemes with either one or two control loops per control card. This can be very usetul in a tault containment strategy to achieve control secu.

rity.

STAND ALONE OR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The SPEC 200 MICRO system ofters you the choice of either architecture.

The data base configuration proce-dure and system hardware have been designed so that you can easily upgrade a stand alone system to a distribu-ted system.

COMPATIBLE WITH EXISTING SPECTRUM INSTALLATIONS The Network Communications Module can be added to any FOXNET installation. It emulates a MICROSPEC Unit Control Module station type, for compatibility with SPECTRUM hosts.

RETROFIT EXISTING SPEC 200 INSTALLATIONS You can upgrade existing SPEC 200 installations to state of the art microprocessor based control, with either a stand alone or distributed system architecture. SPEC 200 I/O components.

power supplies, and racks can be re.

tained. Field wiring to the I/O components does not have to be disturbed. Because SPEC 200 MICRO display sta-tions use existing SPEC 200 2AKcables, there is no need to install new display cables. Shelf-mounted display sta-tions can slip directly into existing shelves. DIN sized dis.

play stations can be replaced in the existing cutout. The control block types can replace all the 2AC control func-tions and the 2AP signal processing and alarm functions of the existing system.

SPEC 200 MICRO HARDWARE The SPEC 200 MICRO hardware is as follows:

Control Card The Control Card (Figure 1) is a

nest. mounted microprocessor based unit which pertorms signal condi ~

tioning, regulatory control, and logic control functions.

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TI 280 100 Page 4

.n

~I The NCM has one main processor and can have an op-tional backup processor. An NCM having two processors requires two power supplies (Figure 4). A single-processor NCM can have a redundant power supply to supply backup power to the I/O nests but not to the pro.

cessor. The NCM can support up to 3 nests; each nest can have up to two 3AX+MPXA multiplexer cards (one multiplexer supports up to five control cards) and 10 con-trol cards. SPEC 200 I/0 components can be placed in the NCM nest, in lieu of control cards, or in external SPEC 200 nests. The processor nest can have one 3AX+ACTalarm contact assembly (for contact output of processor status),

up to four 3AX+LP2.D FOXNET interfaces (2

maximum per processor), and up to two 3AX+AS2 conti ~

gurator terminal interfaces (one maximum per proces-sor). Normally, there will be one configurator terminal interface. An F70038 modem can be used to extend the distance from the NCM to the configuration terminal.

Figure 3.

SPEC 200 MICRO Network Communications Module Network Communications Module The Network Communications Modufe (NCM) (Figure 3) provides a FOXNET interface for up to 30 control cards.

The FOXNET host provides a CRT.based operator inter-face to the control cards. SPEC 200 display stations can be used as a backup operator interface. The control cards can be mounted in the NCM. or in SPEC 200 nests mounted in external SPEC 200 racks.

In addition to FOXNET communications.

the NCM provides control card to control card communications.

However, these control cards must be connected to the same NCM.

Configuration The SPEC 200 MICRO system is configured by using a personal computer (PC). You can use the configuration diskette in an IBM PC. Also. you can use the configuration diskette with many PC's that are IBMcompatible. In addi ~

tion to the configuration diskette, a data base diskette is required for data base storage.

The configuration software provides menu. driven "fillin the form" displays.

These displays allow you to build your control scheme by configuring or modifying the control blocks contained within the control card.

Configuration is the process of selecting control block types and interconnecting these blocks to produce your desired loop control scheme. Modifications to the control scheme can be made while the system is running on line.

The configuration software also provides interactive dis-plays to allow control card operations such as viewing control card status, control card startup operations, and control card data base checkpointing (storing the data base in a file on a data base diskette for backup).

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE A SPEC 200 MICRO system can be built in one of two ba.

sic configurations. a stand. alone or a distributed system.

The stand. alone system has a panel mounted display sta.

tion operator interface.

The distributed system has FOXNET communication facilities. and a FOXNET host for operator interface.

Systems are construcled using the new products pre.

viously described in conjunction with existing SPEC 200 and SPECTRUM products.

TI 280 100 Page 5 MAIN POWER SUPPLY BACKUP POWER SUPPLY TO/FROM FOXNET LINK TO/FROM FOXNET LINK TOIFROM CONFIG.

URATOR FOXNET PORT 1

FOXNET PORT 2 MODEM (OPTI ~

ONAL)

MAIN PROCESSOR DATA TRANSFER BUFFER BACKUP PROCESSOR FOXNE'T PORT 1

FOXNET PORT 2 MODEM (OPTI ~

ONAL)

TO/FROM FOXNET LINK TO/FROM FOXNET LINK TO/FROM CONF IG.

URATOR ToiFROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS'ULTIPLEXER CARD MULTIPLEXERCARD ToiFROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS'O/FROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS'ULTIPLEXERCARD MULTIPLEXERCARD TO/FROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS TO/FROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS'ULTIPLEXER CARD MULTIPLEXERCARD TO/FROM UP TO FIVE CONTROL CARDS With their specific display stations (optional).

" = Multiplexer card bus.

Figure 4.

NCM Block Diagram(Fully Redundant)

TI 280 100 Page 6 CONFIGURATOR TO/FROM PROCESS SPEC 200 I/O COMPONENTS SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL CARD PANEL MOUNTED SPEC 200 MICRO DISPLAY STATION (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS)

SERIAL COMMUNICATIONSLINKAND DISPLAY STATION POWER (60 m (200 ft) MAXIMUM).

" = SERIAL COMMUNICATIONSLINK(RS 232) (15 m (50 ft) MAXIMUMAT 9600 BAUD).

Figure 5.

Stand Alone System Architecture Stand Alone System Architecture Astand alone system (Figure 5) provides a panel operator interface through the SPEC 200 MICRO display stations.

Control functions are performed in the SPEC 200 MICRO control card. Existing SPEC 200 I/O components are used for inputs to and outputs from the control card. The configurator terminal communicates to the control card through a configuration port located on the left side of the display station.

Existing SPEC 200 products usedin a stand alone system include: 2EZ racks, 2ANU nests, 2ANU L2 nests, 2ARPS power supplies, 2AX+DP10 power distribution compo.

nent, SPEC 200 I/O components, and 2AKdisplay station cables.

Operator Interface You can use the display station to access the control blocks within the control card. By pressing the TAG key you can page through the control blocks. Figure 6 illustra tes this concept.

When the desired control block is displayed, you can view the block's inputs, outputs, and functional parameters.

For example, if you select a PID block, yov can view its set point, measurement, and output values. Also, you can tune the PID block and set its alarm points by turning the keylock on the side of the display to the TUNE position and adjusting the appropriate parameters.

Control Card Operation STANDBY ModeIn the STANDBY mode, input pro.

cessing, block processing, and output processing are not performed.

The Control Card (CCC) can be in the STANDBY mode with or withovt a data base.

Following the initialday one power.up, the CCC enters the

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STANDBY mode.

waiting for a data base to be downloaded. so that it can be ready to CONTROL the pro.

cess. While in STANDBY,the operator issues a startup or restart command from the configvrator terminal, to load a data base into the CCC and place it in the CONTROL mode. Once the CCC enters the CONTROL mode, the op.

erator can issue a standby command from the configvra.

tor terminal to switch the CCC back to the STANDBY mode.

In the STANDBYmode, all CCC outputs hold at their last value, as long as power remains applied to the CCC. Upon initial application of power, the outputs remain at the value of the unpowered condition. After a power failure, the outputs are restored to their previous values if the "startup" or "restart" option is chosen. If the "recover in standby" option is chosen, the outputs remain in the un.

powered state.

There are three different startup commands by which an operator can startup a control card. They are startup, re.

start, and restart from memory.

Astartupcommandissued from the configurator terminal causes a previously built data base to be loaded into the control card from the data base diskette and forces all controller type blocks into the Manual mode. Thus, when the control card enters the CONTROL mode, all controller type blocks will be operating in Manual.

Arestart command issued from the configurator terminal causes a previously built data base to be loaded into the control card from the data base diskette. When the con-trol card enters the CONTROL mode following a restart command, all controller type blocks willoperate in either Manual or AUTO mode depending on what state they were in at the time the data base was checkpointed.

A restart from memory command issued from the confi ~

gurator terminal or FOXNET host causes the control card to switch from STANDBY to the CONTROL mode without loading a data base. The CONTROL mode is entered only if a valid data base exists in the control card's battery backed memory. Allcontroller type blocks willoperate in either Manual or AUTO mode depending on what state they were in when the control card entered the STANDBY mode.

TI 280 100 Page 7

ANALOG INPUT 1 ANALOG OUTPUT 1 PID BLOCK 1 TAG 01 ANALOG INPUT 2 MIB BLOCK 2 TAG 02 CONTROL CARD ANALOG INPUT 3 MI8 BLOCK 3 TAG 03 ONE CONTROL CARD CYCLE (200 ms)

ANALOG INPUT 4 MIB BLOCK 4 TAG 04 ANALOG OUTPUT 2 PID BLOCK 5 TAG 05 TAG 03 MI8 BLOCK 3 TAG 03 TAG 04 MIB BLOCK 4 TAG 04 DISPLAY STATION TAG 02 MI8 BLOCK 2 TAG 02 TAG 01 PID BLOCK 1 TAG 01 TAG 05 PID BLOCK 5 TAG 05

~ TAG key.

Figure 6.

Control Block Paging Concept

TI 280 100 Page 8 INPUT PROCESSING GATHER INPUTS AND OUTPUTS CONDITION SIGNALS OUT OF RANGE DETECTION AND CLAMPING RATE LIMITDETECTION BLOCK PROCESSING GATHER BLOCK INPUTS ALARMDETECTION CALCULATEBLOCK OUTPUT(S)

ONE CONTROL CARD CYCLE (200 ms)

OUTPUT PROCESSING GATHER OUTPUTS FROM BLOCKS CONDITION OUTPUTS CHECK FOR BAD OUTPUTS WRITE OUTPUTS Figure 7.

Control Card Cycle CONTROL ModeIn this mode, the CCC performs input processing, block processing, and output processing (Figure 7). The control mode is the mode in which the CCC controls the process. Control type blocks can be in either Automatic or Manual. The CONTROL mode operates on a periodic basis every 200 milliseconds and is performed in three phases:

input processing, block processing, and output processing.

Input Processing Inputs are checked to determine if they are out of.range. The values obtained from the CCC input points are the only types that can be out of range.

An out of.range value is clamped between

-2% and 102% of normalized span.

Input Signal ConditioningInput signal conditioning is se.

lected to match the type of signal used. The analog signal and contact input conditioning is as folfows.

Analog Input Signal Conditioning Indexes SCIX Type Linear Linear With Suppressed Zero Square Root Square Root Input Span" 0.00 to 10.00 V dc 2.00 to 10.00 V dc 0.00 to 10.00 V dc 0.00 to 10.00 Vdc Out of Range Limits

-0.20 and 10.20 V dc

+ 1.84 and 10. 1 6 V dc

-0.20 and 10.20 V dc

-0.20 and 10.20 V dc Usage General Analog Inputs Inter CCC Signals Differential Head Meter, etc.

Differential Head Meter, etc.

= Square root with low cutoff at 0.075 V dc (0.75% of span).

• = Input span corresponds to the normalized range 0% to 100% (0 to 4000 counts) within the block.

Out of Range Limits = A signal out of the range defined by these limits is considered "out of range" and is clamped to these limits. All output algebraic calculations performed in the blocks are limited to the valid range -2 to +102% of span.

Contact Input Conditioning Options:

~ Inversion (per contact)

~ BCD to Linear (8 inputs on extended control card only). For use with 0 to 99 BCD thumbwheels.

TI 280.100 Page 9 Block Processing Each block is processed in order, from one through six. The processing of each block pro.

gresses from input to output as follows.

Gather the Inputs The block inputs are gathered from either SPEC 200 input components or from the outputs of other blocks. It a parameter does not come from either of these sources, a constant value stored in the block is Used.

After the inputs are obtained, the block is further pro.

cessedby implementing the appropriate algorithm accor-ding to the configured options. The output value is generated at the end of the algorithm and is available as an input for the succeeding blocks to be processed during the current control cycle.

Alarm Detection Controller type blocks (e.g., PID) pro.

vide absolute, deviation, and output alarm deteclion.

Other blocks include special alarms such as rate of-change (ALRMblocks) or digital pattern comparison (DIN block).

An alarm condition activates the process alarm indicator at the control card's display station. If the alarm is not in the control block presently displayed, the operator press-es the TAG key to display the next block with an alarm.

When the block in alarm is displayed, the operator ac.

knowledges the alarm using the ACK key.

Output alarms, indicated at the display station, can be configured within the range -2 to +102% of span.

Block Modes The following text explains the Initializa-tion, Tracking, Manual, and Automatic block operating modes.

Initialization and TrackingController type blocks that use time related intormation in their algorithms (e.g., PID) initialize to a philosophy that "control begins trom where the process is now." Appropriate blocks have a feedback input (FBK) and initialize such that their outputs begin at the present value of FBK. Connecting FBK to the appro.

priate process variable during configuration allows this in.

itialization philosophy to be maintained.

For example, in single. loop PID control schemes, the PID FBK input is usually connected to the control card output.

This allows the PID block to initialize its output to the ac.

tual final operator position. Thus. the PID willinitialize and "start control from where the final operator is now."

The FBK input also supports an output track feature by driving the block's output to the FBK value. This feature is useful when cascade loops are in an open loop condition.

During startup of the control card from STANDBY to CONTROL, all controller type blocks are initialized for four consecutive control cycles. This allows multi loop control schemes such as cascade loops to initialize pro-perly up through the cascade so that the primary loop controller starts controlling from where the process is po.

sitioned by the secondary controller.

After initialization is completed on the fourth control cy.

cle, the control card enters the CONTROL mode where control begins operation.

Manual/AutomaticController tyoe blocks(e.g.

~ PID) can be switchedbetween Manual and AUTO by the operator, through the display station. Logic inputs to the block allow a logic event to externally switch the block between Man.

ual and AUTO. The Manual pointer logic input (MANP) switches the block to Manual. The AUTO pointer logic in.

put (AUTP) switches the block to Automatic. Note that MANP has priority over AUTP.

Output LimitsOutput limitingis performed on the output value generated by the block algorithm. Output limits are always active in AUTO. Ifyou specify "Yes" for the block option, MANLIM.the output limitswillbe active in Manual.

Output limiting does not create an alarm condition at the host or panel displays. However. output limit active bits are available for user connection.

Output Processing The following text explains the btock output tunctions.

Gather Ihe Outputs The control card outputs are gathered from the blocks according to the block output pointers configured during I/O configuration.

Output Signal ConditioningOutput signal conditioning is selected to match the usage. The analog signal and con tact output conditioning is as tollows.

Analog Output Signal Conditioning Indexes SCIX Type Linear Linear with Suppressed Zero Normalized Output Range'.00 to 10.00 V dc 2.00 to 10.00 V dc Full Output Range

-0.2 to + 10.20 V dc 1.84 to 10.16 V dc Usage SPEC 200 Intertace Inter CCC Signals and SPEC 200 Intertace

= Corresponds to the normalized span within the block; I.e.. 0.0% to 100.0% represented by 0 to 4000 counts.

Contact Output Conditioning Options (per contact):

~ Pulse options: duration 1 to 31 control cycles corresponding to 0.2 to 6.2 seconds. Performed prior to inversion. One shot operation, retriggering disabled while pulse is active.

~ tnver sion.

~

Tl 280 100 Page 10 Control Card Audible Alarm Line Connections Each control card has an indicator for audible alarms.

This is set upon occurrence of any critical process alarm within the configured control scheme. The indicator is re-set when you select the block in alarm on one of the panel display stations and depress the display station ACK key.

The display station is the only source that can reset the audible alarm. If there are multiple unacknowledged criti-cal alarms, the indicator resets momentarily as you ac-knowledge each alarm.

You can connect the audible alarm indicator to any output contact in the control card by configuring an output con.

tact pointer as HB. You can configure the output contact for normally closed or normally open action using the con-tact inversion option.

You can use the audible alarm to drive external annuncia-tors by following the connection rules for any contact out-put. If the contact output is configured as normally open, the audible alarm lines of multiple control cards may be wired in parallel (OR'ed) to a single annunciator.

Control Card Fail Mode The FAILmode is entered when a "fatal" hardware fail~

ure causes the microprocessor to be non operational.

Outputs hold their last value, or clear to the unpowered state, depending on the position of jumpers in the CCC.

Control Card Configuration You can configure the control card for the stand. alone system by using a Configurator Terminal connected to the display station (Figure 8).

The configurator terminal is a personal computer, with a Foxboro supplied configurator program providing menu-driven "fillin the form" displays. These displays allow you to use the configurator terminal to configure the control card blocks, tuning parameters, etc. on or off line.

CONFIGURATION MENU ADD MODIFIES A BLOCK IN THE CONTROL SCHEME.

MODIFY DELETES AN EXISTING BLOCK FROM THE SCHEME.

DELETE ADD A BLOCK TO THE CONTROL SCHEME (UP TO 6)

CONTROLLER OPERATIONS VIEW STATUS STARTUP RESTART RESTART FROM MEMORY CHECKPOINT (UPLOAD TO DISK)

STANDBY COPIES AN EXISTING BLOCK COPY TO A NEW BLOCK IN SCHEME CONFIGURATOR TERMINAL DISPLAY STATION REPORT BLOCK(S) AND CCC CONFIGURATION.

INPUT/OUTPUT CONFIGURATION.

REPORT I/O CONFIGURATION SPECIFY CCC SYSTEM OPTIONS.

CCC SYSTEM SPECIFY BLOCK POINTERS INTER CCC VALUES BETWEEN CCC's.'ISKETTE UTILITIES FILE DEFINE FILE DELETE FILE COPY DISKETTE COPY CREATE DATA BASE DISKETTE LABELDATA BASE DISKETTE Distributed system only (has an NCM).

Figure 8.

Display Station with Configurator Terminal and Functions

TI 280 100 Page 11 A control file can contain the data base for up to 30 con.

trol cards. Each data base diskette can have up to eight files. For a stand alone system, the file types must be de-fined as PANEL.

The Foxboro supplied configurator program has the ca-pability to do the following.

~ Configure the control card blocks, tuning parame.

ters. etc. in a file on a data base diskette. Download the control card data base to the control card using the start or restart commands.

~ Modifythe control card memory. resident data base directly, without using the data base diskette.

~ Add a control block.

~ Modify a control block.

~ Delete a control block.

~ Report (make a printer hard copy) a control block, I/O configuration (signal conditioning), and/or con-trol card configuration.

~ Specify/change control card modes by performing startup, restart. standby operations, etc.

~ Define/redefine a file label or file type.

~ Delete an existing file.

~ Copy one file into another file.

~ Create a data base diskette.

~ Label a data base diskette.

~ Copy a data base diskette.

Configuration is a simple interactive procedure. The con.

figurator operates interactively in one of four basic modes: configure to controller, configure to diskette, con.

troller operations, or diskette utilities.

In the "configure to diskette" mode. you can do the same operations as in the configure to controller mode, except all the information is stored on a data base diskette. You can then load this information into the control card during a startup or restart operation.

In the "configure to controller" mode, you add, modify, delete, or report blocks in the control card. Also, you can configure the control card inputs, outputs, and signal con-ditioning options.

In the "controller operations" mode, you can specify that the control card startup or restart from a specific file, or checkpoint the control card data base to a specific file from the control card. Also, you can specify that the con.

trol card restart from the data base retained in its mern.

ory, or you can switch the control card to STANDBY.

In the "diskette utilities" mode, you can define, delete, or copy files, and create, label, or copy a data base diskette.

The use of invalid keys on the terminal is ignored by the configurator.

Control Block Displays The following table shows the blocks supported by Con.

tinuous Display Stations (CDS) and Discontinuous Dis.

play Stations (DDS).

Display CDS DDS Control Blocks PID. PID WITH TUNE EXTENDER, INT, AMB. RTIO. MIB. CHAR, DIN, GATE. LLAG. DTIM. SWCH ALRM, RAMP, ACUM. AND CALO.

DIN. DOUT, GATE, AND SEQ.

The NONL. SSEL. and TIMR blocks are generally used without direct operator interface, and therefore do not provide a display station faceplate.

TI 280 100 Page 12 Display Station Combinations The control card can support up to 3 display stations (CDS or DDS) in any combination.

Distributed System Architecture A distributed system (Figure 9) requires a SPEC 200 Net-work Communications Module (NCM)to provide FOXNET communications. The Multiplexer cards provide the corn.

munications between the NCM processors and the con-trol cards, and between control cards.

The operator interface is via a console at the FOXNEThost. The display stations can be used as an operator backup for the FOXNET host console. The configurator terminal is con-nected to the NCM through a configuration port locatedin the NCM processor nest.

REDUNDANT LINK LINKPORT FOXNET HOST LINKPORT LINKCONTROL STATION LINKCONTROL STATION LINKPORT OTHER FOXNET

'STATIONS FOXNET LINK 1 FOXNET LINK2 NETWORK COMMUNICATIONSMODULE LfNKPORT LINKPORT CONFIGURATOR MAIN BACKUP PROCESSOR PROCESSOR MULTIPLEXERCARDS 1

2 3

4 5

6 LINKPORT CONFIGURATOR PORT (OPTIONAL)

DISPLAY STATION (OPTIONAL)

CONTROL CARD 1 CONTROL CARDS 2 TO 29 CONTROL CARD 30 DISPLAY STATION (OPTIONAL)

SPEC 200 IIO COMPONENT SPEC 200 IIO COMPONENT TO/FROM PROCESS TO/FROM PROCESS

= SERIAL COMMUNICATIONSLINK(60 01 (200 fi) MAXIMUM).

" = UP TO 150 01 (500 ft).

SERIAL COMMUNICATIONSLINK(RS 232) (15 m (50 fl) MAXIMUMAT 9600 BAUD).

WITH A F7003 MODEM, 11.3 km (7 miles) MAXIMUMAT 9600 BAUD.

$ = SERIAL COMMUNICATIONSLINKAND DISPLAYSTATION POWER (60 m (200 ft) MAXIMUM).

Note: The control cards (30 maximum) can be mounted in nests in the NCM or in nests external to the NCM.

l~

Figure 9.

Distributed System Architecture

TI 280 100 Page 13 The NCM maintains an image of the control block data base in all connected control cards. The maximum size of the control block data base is 180 blocks, allocated in any combination among up to 30 CCC's. Each CCC cannot have more than 6 blocks.

NCM Functional Overview During normal operation, the main processor is in the control mode (scanning and writing the CCC's) and per-forms all of the followingfunctions. The backup processor is in the tracking mode (maintaining an image of the main processor's data base) and only supports a FOXNET read of its data base.

NCM Data WriteThe controlling processor writes block parameter changes to the destination control card.

These chances can be the result of a FOXNET host write or another control card block parameter write.

NCM Data Read The controlling processor reads block parameters from all of the control cards.

Each control card block type has a fixed set of parameters to be scanned. The block set includes all values necessary for display or manipulation from a FOXNET host. All reads are refreshed at least once every 500 milliseconds.

Inter Control Card Communications The NCM con.

trolling processor performs control card to control card block parameter communications. The signal source may be any block parameter normally read during the NCM read cycle. For each receiving control card, an Inter.CCC Values Table is configured which specifies the control card number, block number, and parameter number of the source parameter. The NCM willwrite the source pa.

rameters to the Inter-CCC Values table of the receiving control card. Block pointers, for blocks one to six, can then be configured to point to the Inter CCC Values table.

Twelve entries are available in each Inter.CCC Values table.

Tracking Processor Update At the end of each pro-cessing cycle, the controlling processor transfers a copy of its entire data base image to the tracking processor.

FOXNET Response The controlling processor re.

sponds to FOXNET host requests to read and write data concurrent with other block processing.

FOXNET host reads and writes are processed when received. and an immediate response is returned to the FOXNET host.

Figure 10 shows the functions performed during each NCM cycle.

WRITES BLOCK PARAMETER CHANGES (FROM FOXNET OR CONTROL CARDS)

TO THE DESTINATION CONTROL CARD(S)

READS BLOCK PARAMETERS FROM ALLCONTROL CARDS ONE NCM CYCLE (500 ms MAXIMUM)

TRANSFERS ANY CONTROL CARD.

TO CONTROL CARD WRITES TO THE INTER.CCC VALUES TABLE CONTROLLING PROCESSOR TRANSFERS ITS DATA BASE TO THE TRACKING PROCESSOR Figure 10.

NCM Cycle

TI 280 100 Page 14 Control Card Configuration The control card configuration for the distributed system is similar to the configuration for the stand. alone system.

However, some additional information is required and is emphasized below.

The file type should be configured as NCM, instead of PANEL. This instructs the configurator software to present the additional configuration displays required.

For convenience, you can add a FOXNET station address reference beside the file description, but it is not a re-quirement. The NCM emulates a MICROSPEC Unit Con.

trol Module (UCM) on the FOXNET link. Therefore, the FOXNET host will access no more than 60 of the 180 blocks (maximum) in the NCM.

When you configure the file as NCM, an additional menu is inserted at the NCM level. This menu allows you to pro-ceed to (C) Configure Blocks, (L) List AllBlocks, (M) Con.

figure the MAP, or (R) Print a Report. If (C) is pressed, you proceed to configure blocks al the CCC level. If (L) is

pressed, a three page display identifies all configured blocks in the NCM by CCC number, block number, block type, andblock tag. If(M)is pressed, you can view or con.

figure the MAP function, which specifies the mapping of up to 60 blocks scannedby the FOXNEThost in relation to the 180 blocks resident in the NCM. If (R) is pressed, a

printed report of the entire NCM data base, duplicating the completed configuration displays, is produced on a printer connected to the configuration terminal.

When configuring each control card in a distributed sys-tem, configuration of the Inter.CCC Values table is added to the menu at the CCC level. Also, the Workstation/Panel option can be configured to arbitrate access between the operators at FOXNET workstations and the operators at panel display stations.

TI 280.110 STEAM F LOIY FT NOIY CRITICAL T

gv DRUM LEVFL SE T POIN'T A

DRUM LEVEL LT IIV F E E DWA'IE 4 F LOT(

F T NON CRITICAL IIV FEEOWATER FLOW STEALI FLAY DRVLILEVEL SP P ID BLOCK r3 PID BLOCK r1 SP P ID BLOCK r2 LOGIC TRA'4SFER TO I ELEMENT WHEN LOAD IS LESS THAN 25~r OR WHEN EITHER STEAM FLOW OR F EOWATER FLOW FAILS VII SWITCH BLOCK r4 FEE DWATER VAI.VE IIXI FEEDIYATER VALVE SPEC 200 IVIICRO CONTROL BLOCKS Provide contigurable control capability through a building block approach to implementing a process loop.

The SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks allow you to quickly and easily translate a process loop design into a working set of control blocks. This is done through an easy-to.use yet powerful and flexible series of control algorithms.

These algorithms are implemented as a set of reconfi.

gurable functional control blocks. The SPEC 200 MICRO control block set has all the features needed for almost limitless control flexibility.

SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks offer the following user-oriented features:

~ Combination of continuous and logic control func.

lions

~ Interconnectable block parameters

~ Control loop configuralion via an interactive pro.

gram operating on a personal computer

~ Easy conversion of control strategies into fullyconfi ~

gured control loops

~ Powerful PID algorithm with self tuning, nonlinear, external integral, and output summing features

~ Set point tracking

~ Output tracking

~ Low cutoff square root signal conditioning

~ Comprehensive block status

~ Universal parameter access

~ Process "bump" proteclion during system interrup-tions

~ Automatic switchover to MANUALon out.of-range (bad) inputs OXHOR C

1985 by The Foxboro Company RegisIered Trademark

I ~

il

'Tl 280 110 Page 2" O

S g

~ Skip capability for sampled. data loops (use with chromatographs and other sampling type instru-ments)

~ Automatic cascade connections; switchover of pri.

mary to TRACKING during open loop or local set-point operation; back. calculation of primary feedback value SPEC 200 MICRO algorithms include:

~ Standard process functions:

- Monitoring process variables Alarming (absolute, deviation, and output)

Signal characterization Quantizing, rate integration, and accumulation Summing Ratio control Ramping

- PID control

~ Advanced features:

Self.tuning Nonlinear compensation Logic and sequential functions Set.point tracking On. line algebraic computations

- Remote/local and auto/manual switching SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL BLOCK CONCEPTS

'In the process control loop shown in Figure 1, a measure-ment signal from the process is passed through a signal conditioner to obtain a conditioned measurement value.

The control block reads the conditioned signal, checks for alarm conditions, and calculates its outputs. Output pro-,

cessing.then~retrieves the control block output, condi-""

tions the signal, and converts it to an analog signal at the control card output.

The implementation of a process control loop with tradi ~

tional analog hardware involves the selection and ar.

rangement in a rack of individual hardware modules for input, signal conditioning, calculation, control ~ alarm, and output. Planning such a system involves identifying all the hardware modules that are required and correctly or-dering each module from the vendor. To maintain the sys.

tern, a large variety of spare modules is required.

In contrast, one SPEC 200 MICRO control card has the same functionality as that wide variety of analog mod.

ules. Instead of wiring together hardware components, control strategies are built by configuring and intercon.

necting up to six control blocks in each SPEC 200 MICRO control card. The control card has 21 different types of

~ conlrol blocks available.

Each control block type per-forms functions equivalent to those of their hardware component counterparts.

Frequently they have greatly expanded features and flexibility.For example, Figure 2 shows a typical temperature/flow cascade control strat-egy. Ifyou wish to enhance or modify the loop, simply add or modify blocks rather than purchase additional hard.

ware modules.

SIMPLIFIED BLOCK ENTRY AND CONFIGURATION The process engineer uses a configurator terminal to call up individual block types on the terminal display and con-figure them into a control strategy.

Construction of the blocks is based on a simple. fill~in lhe-blanks method of block parameter specification. Each block type has a one page form (see Fig<<Ie 3). Cont'-

ous parameters are entered as numeric values,

bluer, connections, or control card I/O connections. I,ogical pa rameters are entered as logic values, block conneclions, or control card I/O connections'.

You can select ADD.

MODIFY, or DELETE to add a new block, or cc delete. an existing block. Also, you must conllt.ure..:aI conditioning indexes, connections to the co,,<i.ard input/output terminals, and various control c: 's.

OPERATOR DISPLAY AND MANIPULATION SET POINT CONTROL CARD

wgy,

~

~ 1,+

I>

pe ~

SPEC 200 INPUT COMPONENT INPUT"r':: " "

PROCESS;. I.

ING AND I'ID SIGNAL'h'i,l rr'cn y 'LOCK CONDIT-IONING'i,4Is'~.~ CONTROL BLOCKS I OUTPUT I PROCESS.

I ING AND I sIGNAL I CONDIT-I IONING SPEC 200 OUTPUT COMPONENT

l;A IiXI </0 ~, e, i. L 1/'fI'r40.'e!;Otto f'Ch+~3i]SI >Of04 f

PROCESS MEASUREMENT.'i.'g..i'.;"~'I'.:.'UTPUT Figure 1.

Process Control Loop

TI 280 110 Page 3 TEMPERA URE SET POINT INPUT I

, FMP O'CK 2 OSET OUTI PID MEAS FBK BLOCK I BLOCK 3 ESET OUTI PID MEAS FBK PRIBK m 2 OUTPUT INPUT 2 FLOW HEAD INPUT:

INPUT I

TEMP CALC OUT1 CORRECTED FLOW Figt Typical TemperaturelFlow Cascade Control Strategy FILE 1

DRUM LEVEL ¹1 CCC 01 202BTMLVL BLOCK 3

TYPE PID TAG ILRC-01022I Alarm HA LA DB HD LD DDB Connections MEAS 0.0 OSET 0.0 FBK 0.0 O~tional Conn.

Critical Options Alarm 102.0 N

-2.0 N

0.0 102.0 N

102.0 N

0.0 PRIBK ESET SKIP TRACK MOVRD LOCP REMP MANP AUTP 0.0 0

0 HOA 102.0 LOA

-2.0 ODB 0.0 Tuning PBAND INT DERIV GAIN BIAS 1000 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 Fl - Prev Level F2 Enter ADD BACKS to Disk:

Ds".UM LEVEL Ontions HIRNG N

INCINC N ERSQ N

NOINT N

NOOER N

08-3UL-85

~Di s lay Deletions

~Dis lay Scaling (MANLIM/N HS LS EU 100.0

.0 PCT FLUNKA N FLUNKE N

M BAD Y SP TRK N

~Dis lay Options AIR-C N

HitP N

Extension Blocks NONLBK TUNEBK O~ut ut Limits HOLIM 102.0 LOLIM -2. 0 F4 - Default F5 To Level Figure 3.

PID Block (Conflgurator Display Shown uncontigured)

Tl 280 110 Page 4

No user programming is required. Configurations are stored on a data case diskette used with the configurator terminal.

BLOCK PROCESSING Once the control card configuration is completed on the data base diske::e. you can transfer the information to the control card witn a startup command.

The SPEC 200 MICRO control card processes all of the blocks con.

figured d'or its co" trol loop once every 200 milliseconds.

They are processed in the configured order, except for the self tuning a"o nonlinear extenders (of PID blocks).

which are always orocessed with the PID block.

When a control;ard is started up. the control blocks go through four cyc es of initialization. This assures thai blocks withincc;olex interconnection strategies are pro.

perly initialized:.".h respect to each other and to process variables.

Initia,.=ation resets time history information stored withinblcc~s andinitializes block outputs at appro.

priate starting ialues so that control begins without bumpinc the p ccess.

Initialization is a function of the block tyoe. Mos: "locks. such as PID. initialize by setting the output equa.'Io the feedback value.

OPERATOR INTERFACESPEC 200 MICRO DISPLAY STATIONS Durino SPEC 200 MICRO control card configuration. you select the blocks which appear at each display station connected to tra control card. You can configure the same block to aooear at more than one display. Each block tyoe. exceot TIMR, SSEL, and the PID extender blocks. is capable of creating a faceplate on the display station. Ifmultip'e facepiates are configured for the same display slation.:,",e operator chooses the desired block faceplate with t".e "TAG"key. The "SEL" key allows the operator to sefec:

the displayable parameters for that block sequent,=-tly.

thus providing accurate digital readout and man oulation, Other keys allow the operator to change the r"ode of the control block: for example auto or manual.

When a control biock is displayed. all of the operator.

conlrollabie parameters can be displayed for the opera-tor's use on that "lock except the loop tuning parameters.

These tuning pa ameters are made accessible via a key.

lock on the side of the display station.

OPERATOR INTERFACE-FOXNET HOSTS In a distributed control system architecture using the FOXNET Process Communications Link. SPEC 200 MICRO conlrol blocks are typically viewed and manipula.

ted from a SPECTRUM operator workstation. The console screen provides faceplate or graphic displays which are configured independently from. but connected to. the SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks.

Also. SPEC 200 MICRO oanel display stations can be used as a local or backuo operator interface. Control blocks have a W'P option that provides arbitration be.

tween an operator at the workslalion and an operator at the panel dispfay s',ation. This operator can secure the block for use in the oanel mode(PI. or release the block to a FQXNET host in ',ne workstation mode (W). The panel mode is indicated oy an "X"(local) status indication at the workstation andby a "P'ndication al the display slation.

SPEC 200 MICRO CONTROL BLOCKS Table 1 lists the furctiors of each block in the SPEC 200 MICRO control block set. together with a brief description of each typical usace.:

CONTROL BLOCK FEATURES Just as SPEC 200 analoo uses 0 to 10 V dc as a nor-malized signal rance. SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks use 0 to 4000 counts to represent a normalized 0 to 100%

signal range. The blocks operate on a 12 bit data value Within a 16 bit WOrd. SCaling prOCedureS are Similar tO those used in dedicated component process control equipment. Most block oarameters are freely intercon.

nectable (outputs to inouts). or can be entered as con.

stant values. during configuration.

Each block in a control loop is assigned a unique block number when it is added to the data base. With the excep-tion of the NONL and TUNE (extender) blocks. all blocks are processed in numerical order. (The NONL and TUNE bfocks are processed at the same time as the PID block to which they are cor nected.) Thus. you can control the se.

quence of execution of blocks by assigning each block an appropriate number within the control loop. (For example, the primary contro'ler within a cascade loop can be made to be processed before the secondary controller by as.

signing it a lower block number.)

'These tables are 'cr illustration only and may contain mi'nor terminology differences from actual product features.

TI 280.110 Page 5

~ Control:

PID TUNE NONL INT AMB RTIO Proportional/integral/derivative controller Self tuning extender Nonlinear extender Integral only controller Automatic/manual station wilh bias Ratio

~ Input and Conversion:

MIB = Multiple input block CHAR = Characterizer Listed below are the 21 control block names and their meanings.

~ Digital/Logic:

DIN = Digital input DOUT = Digital output GATE = Multiple gate SEO = Sequencer

~ Dynamic Compensation:

LLAG = Lead/lag dynamic compensator DTIM = Dead time

~ Miscellaneous:

SWCH = Switch SSEL = SignaI selector ALRM = Alarm and limiter RAMP = Universal ramp generator TIMR = Timer ACUM = Accumulator CALC = Calculator Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions CONTROLLERS BLOCK NAME: PID (Proportional

~ Integral

~ Derivative)

DESCRIPTION:

Enhanced version of proportional (P) ~ integral (I), and derivative (D) controller with manual or automatic opera.

tion. Enhanced features include: process alarming: self tuning and nonlinear operation (using extender blocks); and many logic inputs to modify controller operation.

FUNCTION:

Performs primary function of PID controller, including absolute, deviation, and output alarms. Allows external control of block operation(auto/manual) and set point operation(remote/local) from a display station/host con.

sole or another block. Also includes an output summing (bias) capability.

OPTIONS:

~ Reverse and error squared control action

~ Suppressing integral or derivative action

~ Set point tracking

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Self generated cascade connections

~ Skip (for sampled. data operation)

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High and low output limits

~ Output limits active in manual

~ Self tuning control (using TUNE block) extension function

~ Nonlinear gain (using NONL block) extension function

~ Host-actuated flunk to auto or external set point

~ Logic input actuated transfer to auto, manual. local set point, or remote set point USE:

Feedback. type control of flow. temperature, pressure.

level. and other process loops.

DISPLAY:

Continuous Display Station (CDS): Displays active set point, measurement.

and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of remote set point display

~ Air to close/open final operator (output display)

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

V1J>>

I '1(Igloo ~ '>>4 I 4N ll I>>>>)41 1

)1>>1l

'I >>) I\\>>II)ll>>lvlt>>

~t>>V

~lllj>>'ll 0 IV>>>>IA1>> < ~

p>>>>>>h

~ IM>>l PV hi>>lAI ' I>>>>

4 li ~ I l i

~I'l>>I I t I>>

~ >>'>>'ll i>> 'ill II I

~ >>

f I

f>

I

,TI 280110 Page 0 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: TUNE (Self.Tuning)

DESCRIPTION:

Automatic "Expert System" adjustment of PID control tuning parameters. Thi; is based on continuous moni ~

loring of the process measuremenl.

FUNCTION:

Self tuning of the PID block in respo>>se to process changes. Extends the capability of the PID block to include self. tuning operation.

USE:

Tuning a process with a large dead time or a process having dynamic wf>i< I> are time.variant.

I)I!>PLAY Fxte<<ds l<<ning parameters ol thr. PID block to include sell tuning feat<<r~

BLOCK NAME: NONL (Nonlinear)

I)FSCRIPl ION:

PID hlock error term processing extender.

FUNCTION:

Alters tt>u proportional gain in a zone about zero deviation to compensate for nonlinear process gain.

USE:

pH and other types of nonlinear control loops.

DISPLAY.

None BLOCK NAME: INT (Integral Only)

DESCRIPTION:

Produces lime integration of the error with integral feedback action.

FUNCTION:

Allows pure integral control action on the error between lhe set ooint and the process measurement.

Inte.

grates the error signal according to a specifiable time constant. Also included are absolute, deviation, and output alarms. Allows external control of block operation (auto/manual) and set point operation (remote/local) from a display station/host console or another blocl..

OPTIONS:

~ Reverse control action

~ Set point tracking

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Self generated cascade connections

~ Skip (for sampled data operation)

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High or low output limits

~ Output limits active in manual

~ Host. actuated flunk to auto or external set point

~ Logic input actuated transfer to aulo, manual, local set point, or remote set point USE:

Used in a multiple output control system or as a ramp generator.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays active set point, measurement, and OUT1 (optional) values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Remote set point display deletion '

Panel/workstation arbitration Air to close/open final operator (OUT1 display)

TI 280 110 page Z

Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME:AMB(Auto ~ Manual and Bias)

'ESCRIPTION:

Controllable auto/manual with bias station.

FUNCTION:

The auto control mode allnws the input signal to pass through the block with the bias added to it. The manual control mode allows manual manipulalion of the block output signal. This block provides a connection for an external feedback signal. Also included are absolute and output alarms. Allowsexternal control of block opera.

tion (auto/manual) from a display station/host console or another block.

OPTIONS:

~ Automatic switchover to mariual on a bad input signal

~ Self.generated cascade connections

~ Output tracking of feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ High and low output limits

~ 0'utput limits active in manual

~ Host actuated flunk to auto

~ Balance time for bumpless manual to auto transfer USE:

Manual loading station (e.g., could protect a downstream calculation from the zero output of a Iailed transmit.

ter). Typical uses include input scaling or manually biasing an input signal. Also provides a means of auto/

manual control over any signal leaving the control card.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement, bias, and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of bias and/or measurement displays

~ Panel/v'o: kslation arbitration

~ Air to close/open final operator (OUT1 display)

BLOCK NAME: RTIO (Ratio)

DESCRIPTION:

Adjustable ratio mulliplier with input/output scaling, and alarm.

FUNCTION:

Multiplies the input measurement (wild flow)by the ratio signal. Ratio signal scaling produces the desired ratio range corresponding to 0 to 100% of the ratio signal. Input and output bias provided. A track feature causes the block's output to automatically track the feedback input signal. Also included are absolute and output alarms.

OPTIONS:

High and low output limits.

USE:

Control of air/fuel mixture to a burner or similar applicalions requiring ratio control.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTION: Panel/workstation arbitration.

~ Tl 280'110 Page 8 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

INPUT AND CONVERSION BLOCK NAME: MIB (Multiple Input Block)

DESCRIPTION:

Four channel signal conditioning block.

FUNCTION:

The MIBprovides additional signal conditioning for up to four analog inputS. A bias and cain adjustment is pro.

vided for each channel. In addition. each input may be passed through a first order filter, Each conditioned input is passed to a unique output.

OPTIONS (each channel):

~ Scaling

~ Filtering

~ Absolute alarming (channel 1 only)

USE; Scaling. filtering. and alarm implementation on a 'ield measurement.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays channel outputs 1, 2. anc 3 values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of either output 1. 2. cr 3 from disolay.

BLOCK NAME: CHAR (Characterizer)

DESCRIPTION:

Linear segment X-Yfunction calculator. Eleven X.Yspecifiable coordinates allow, ten segment curve approx.

imation for specialized signal characterization.

Pe.mits you to build "custom fit"functions for nonlinear sig.

nals.

FUNCTION:

Allows characterization of a process variable through construction of a segmented.

characteristic curve.

Produces the Y component output of a user.specif;ed X.Ycoordinate graph plot. given the X component (mea surement) as an input.

USE:

Linearization of a nonlinear measurement (e.g.. fluid level in a spherical tank, valve output signal. etc.).

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement and output values in barcraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of either measurement or output disolay.

Tl 280 110 Page 9 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

DIGITAL/LOGIC BLOCK NAME: DIN (Digital Input)

DESCRIPTION:

Digitalsignal contact or logic input and comparator block, with pattern recognition for up to 16 user specifiable patterns.

FUNCTION:

Conditions an eight bit digital input signal according to the configured INVERT mask, and routes the condi ~

tioned signal t'o OUT1, comparing it against each of up to 16 user. specified, eight bit patterns. If a match oc-curs between the input word and any or all of the user specified patlerns. it sets a corresponding bit (or bits) in OUT2. showir,g which of the 16 patterns matched the input word. (Also sets the special alarm bit in the status word, sicnalling that a match occurred.) Any number of bits (user selectable) within any of the pattern words can be masked out (and thus ignored) during the pattern comparisons. This allows alarms and/or other control actions on a wide variety of process contact or logical bit combinations.

USE:

Alarms andfor other control actions on a wide variety of process contact or logical bit combinations. Also, can alarm illecal input combinations.

DISPLAY:

Discontinuous Display Station (DDS): Displays any subset of the eight output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. An indication of the pattern number of any pattern match can optionally be displayed in the selected variable field.

CDS display: OUT1 is disoiayed in the selected variable field. and an indication by pattern number of any pat.

tern match which has occurred.

DDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Deletion of the pattern number indication

~ Alarming on any selected contact state

~ Designation of any contact alarm or pattern alarm as critical CDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Deletion of the pattern number indication

~ Alarmir.c on any selected contact state

~ Designation of any contact alarm or pattern alarm as critical

TI 280 110 Page 10 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: DOUT (Digital Output)

DESCRIPTION:

Digital auto/manual station. Logic signal collector/output block.

FUNCTION:

In the manual mode, allows manipulation of up to eight individual ~ digital contact outputs. In the AUTO mode, gathers up to eight discrete logic inputs, conditions them according to the configured INVERT mask, and routes the conditioned signal to OUT1. External control of block operation (auto/manual) is allowed from a dis play station/host console or another block.

OPTIONS:

~ Automatic switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Output tracking of the feedback signal during override conditions

~ Manual override

~ Host actuated flunk to manual

~ Input inversion (per input)

USE:

Digital auto/manual station.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: Displays any subset of the eight output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. Provides auto/manual switching and manual manipulation of each OUT1 contact.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Selection of displayed output bits

~ Panel/workstation arbitration BLOCK NAME: GATE (Multiple Gate Block)

DESCRIPTION:

Eight element logic block.

FUNCTION:

Contains eight two input logic gates. Allows configuration of logical operations using various (AND, OR, XOR, NAND. NOR, NXOR) gating functions and pulse output. This allows you to create multiple logic functions by interconnection of various gating elements.

When used as a pulse output device, a gate functions as a "triggered OR" one shot(i e., for a 0 to.1 transition at either input, a 200millisecond, one cycle. positive pulse is produced).

USE:

Create combinational logic functions based on contacts, alarm, or status conditions, sequence steps. etc.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: Displays the state of any selected gate output in OUT1 on the contact state indicators.

CDS display: Displays gate outputs in OUT1 in the selected variable field.

DDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Alarming of any gate output state

~ Designation of any gate output alarm as critical

~ Input inversion (per input)

CDS DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Display of OUT1 in the selected variable field

~ Alarming of any gate output state

~ Designation of any gate output alarm as critical

TI 280-110 Page 11 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: SEQ (Sequencer)

DESCRIPTION:

Eight step pattern generator.

FUNCTION:

Functions as an eight step pattern generator, with additional patterns for INITand HOLD. In the auto mode, the step being executedis controlledby eight logical inputs. The next step is selected only il its input is active. and the current step equals the previous step number. In the auto mode, if the logical inputs for the HOLD or INIT steps are active. they willoverride the other steps. INIThas the highest priority. The manual mode allows oper-ator selection of a desired step. or direct manipulation of up to eight of the available outputs in OUT1. The output patterns and number of output steps is user configurable.

OPTIONS:

~ Inversion of the sense of any of the step inputs

~ Specification and activation of the INIT and HOLD steps by logic inpuls

~ Switchover to manual on a bad input signal

~ Output tracking of feedback signal

~ Manual override USE:

Controlling phased operations in batch processes, synchronization of process functions, etc.

DISPLAY:

DDS display: In the auto mode, displays the name of the active step in the selected variable field. and the state of the output bits in OUT1 on the contact state indicators. Provides auto/manual switching. In the manual mode. allows operator selection of a desired step. or direct manipulation of the available outputs in OUT1.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Selection of the available output bits to be displayed

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ User configured step names are up to four characters long

Tl 280 110 Page 12 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

DYNAMICCOMP ENSATION BLOCK NAME: LLAG (Lead Lag)

DESCRIPTION:

Computational dynamic compensator (contains one lead lag element).

FUNCTION:

Permits rapid (inductive lead) or gradual (capacitive lag) control action to be introduced into a process loop in response to a changing input signal. The amount of lag is determined by a user configurable GTIM (lag time) parameter. The amount of lead action may be configured through use of the GAINparameter. An optional bias is available on the output.

OPTIONS:

~ Positive irnouise action

~ Negative impulse action

~ Bi polar impulse action Positive impulse (IMPP) or negative impulse (IMPN) modes imply a positive or negative shiit in the measure.

ment value willbe detected, and the corresponding output pulse willbe correspondingly positive or negative.

When the FOLLOW input is set = 1. the output follows the input. Note. FOLLOW can have a tour character name.

USE:

Process dynamics compensation in feedforward, feedback, and non interacting control strategies.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: In bargraph format ~ displays measurement and output. FOLLOW can be initiated or reset trom the display station by scrolling the parameter into the selected variable fieldand pressing the Up (1) or Down (!)

keys that act as togcle switches.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement and/or output indications

~ Deletion ot the FOLLOW display capability

~ Panel/workstation arbitration BLOCK NAME: DTIM (Dead Time)

DESCRIPTION:

Adjustable length. taoped delay line with selectable tap ott points.

FUNCTION:

Introduces a user-specifiable delay of a process measurement or control action. Delays the input a specified length of time before making it available at the output. Twenty.five delay slots are utilized to store and advance the sampled input. The dead time resolution is therefore 1/25 (4%) of fullscale. The maximum fullscale length of the delay is established by the MAXDT (maximum dead time) parameter. MAXDTis specified in either of two ranges: 0 to 25 minutes or 0 to 200 minutes (HIRNG). The actual delay produced is a function ot the DTIM(dead time) parameter. which represents a percentage (0 to 100%) of MAxDT.The dead time introduced into a signal is thus accurate to within approximately 1/25th of the maximum dead time, in minutes specified by MAXDT.

When the FOLLOW input is set = 1. the output follows the input. Note. FOLLOW canhave a four character name.

USE:

Dynamic compensation in an advanced control system.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: In bargraph format, displays measurement and output. FOLLOW can be initiated or reset from the display stationby scrolling the parameter into the selected variable fieldand pressing the Up or Down keys.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement and/or output indications

~ Deletion of the FOLLOW display capability

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

TI 280 110 Page 13 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

MISCELLANEOUS BLOCK NAME: SWCH (Dual Switch)

DESCRIPTION:

Dual, single pole, double.lhrow switches.

FUNCTION:

Provides two, independent

~ single pote, double throw A/Bswitching elements that are switchedby TOGL1 and TOGL2 as follows.

Operation:

With TOGL1 = 0. then OUT1 With TOGL1 = 1, then OUT1 With TOGL2 = 0. then OUT2 With TOGL2 =

1

~ then OUT2

= IN1

= IN2

= IN3

= IN4

>41

<<0 t

>4)~~

0 2

I14~t lovl2 USE:

Permits independent switching of one output signal from source A to source 8 and another output signal from source C to source D (for example. switching from one control strategy to another based on a process condi ~

tion).

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Page 1 displays IN1, IN2, and OUT1 in bargraph format, plus TOGL1 in the selected variable field. Page 2 displays IN3, IN4. and OUT2 in bargraph format, plus TOGL2 in the selected variable field.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of any of the displayable parameters from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ Toggle names are user configurable, nine characters for each toggle state.

BLOCK NAME: SSEL (Signal Selector)

DESCRIPTION:

Multi.signal discriminator/selector.

FUNC1 iON:

Selects as its output (OUT1). from up to eight separate signals, either the highest, lowest, or median. OUT2 indicates which input has been selected. Also. the SSEL computes the true average of all active input signals.

The NUM option specifies the number of input signals used for selection.

OPTIONS:

~ High selection

~ Low selection

~ Median selection

~ Average USE:

Used in auto select systems where the number of controlled variables exceeds the number of manipulated variables.

DISPLAY:

None

TI 280.110 Page 14 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: ALRM (Alarm and Limiter)

DESCRIPTION:

Signal out of.range detector/indicator/rate limiter.

FUNCTIONS (optional):

~ Absolute alarm sensing/indication

~ Deviation alarm sensing/indication

~ Output alarm sensing/indication

~ Rate alarm sensing/indication

~ Output rate limiting

~ Output limiting When the Follow input is set = 1. the output follows the measurement signal.

USE:

Supplementary or redundant process condition alarm or rate of.change indication and control.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays measurement.

set-point, and output values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS: Deletion of measurement, set point. and output Cisolays.

BLOCK NAME: RAMP (Universal Ramp Generator)

DESCRIPTION:

Dual. linear ramp generator with single output.

FUNCTION:

Each ramp has an adjustable slope, and can be configured to ramp the output either up or Cown. The block also has the capability to INITialize to the low output limit. FOLLOW the input (measurement)

(with configurable reset balance tine). or HOLD at the present output. (The reset balance time allows the output to reset to the input value at a soecifiable rate when the block is switched to FOLLOW). Priorityof functions is: INIT,FOLLOW, HOLD, RAMP1. and RAMP2. High and low output limits are available. Tne Hland LO bits in OUT2 indicate when the output has reached its target value and is clamped to the high or lowoutput limits. respectively. Each ramp has a configurable delay. which is the time interval between ramp command and the start of output ramping.

OPTIONS:

~ Invert each ramp (negative slope)

~ Delay each ramp (0 to 25 minutes)

~ Hl range (0 to 200 minutes)

USE:

Set point or signal variation of a controlled rate.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays the measurement and output values inbargraoh format. The logic states RUN1. RUN2, INIT. and FOLLOW are displayable, and can be toggled from the display if a pointer is not configured.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of the measurement display

~ Deletion of any of the logic states RUN1. RUN2. INIT, and FOLLOW from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

~ A four.character name can be user. configured for each of the iogic states

Tl 280.110 Page 15 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: TIMR (Timer)

DESCRIPTION:

Two stage. variable length, timed pvlse generator with repeat capability.

FUNCTION:

User configured timing functions for ON delay, OFF delay, timing SEQuencer steos, etc. When the RUN input is set. timer 1 starts and then times out. When timer 1 times out, timer 2 starts and then times out. OUT1 con.

tains two logic bits; T1ON is set while timer 1 is timing, and T2ON is set while timer 2 is timing.

OPTIONS:

~ Repeat allows a cycle to continually repeat. thus producing two independen:ly controllable, complemen.

tary, variable length. pulsed waveforms with a repeat period of T1 plus T2.

~ Hold stops the timing when activated.

Timers reset when the RUN input resets.

USE:

Allows timing control of process reactions through the use of two independent, sequentially operated timers.

DISPLAY:

None BLOCK NAME: ACUM (Accumulator)

DESCRIPTION:

Integrator/totalizer.

FUNCTION:

The block scales its input and accumulates it in a two.word(32.bit) accumulator output (AC)of up to 99999999 counts. A two word "target" value for the accumulated value is available for alarming or control. The input can originate from another block or from a SPEC 200 analog input component.

Absolute alarming is performed on the measurement input.

A Hold logical input, while it is active, stops accumulation. A Clear logical input causes the accumulator to be reset. ASet logical input causes the accumulator to be set to either a preset value or to the accumulator value from another ACUM block.

Activation of the Clear or Set function causes the accvmulator valve to be storedin the TOTALparameter and protected for the duration of a timer, thus allowing computers on FOXNET time to read the value.

Auser. assigned Target value causes a bit to be set in OUT2 when the target value is reached in the accumvla.

tor. OUT1 provides a normalized value representing the accumulated value as a percent (0 to 102) of the tar.

get.

USE:

Monitoring a d/p Cell transmitter and shutting off flow at a specified total volume. blending, etc.

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays the measurement and OUT1 values in bargraph format, and displays the accvmulated value in the selected variable field. The engineering units for the measurement and the accumulated value are user configurable.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Delete OUT1 from the display

~ Panel/workstation arbitration

TI 280 110 Page 16 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

BLOCK NAME: CALC (Calculator)

DESCRIPTION:

Multiple input. 35 step. floating point. programmable calculator. Separate store and access operations inter-facing to three independent memories. Seven arithmetic and logical functions. Uses normalized inputs from either stored constants, I/O points. or block oulputs. Provides three outputs.

FUNCTION'.

Provides multi purpose calculation functions. Up to three independent calculation functions can be combined in a single block. due to the three output capability. Operators and operands are specified in algebraic format.

Up to 35 sequential operators and operands can be specified per CALC block. Operands can be numerical constants. other block outputs. or direct process I/O values. Also. operands canbe written by a FOXNET host.

Calculations are performed internally in floating point to preserve accuracy and to minimize the possibility of overflow. When overflow or underflow occurs, calculations are continued usiftg + or - machine infinity. re-spectively. Inputs from other blocks are normalized to produce floating point numbers in the range 0.0 to 1.0.

This is done to avoid the need to consider internal "counts" in scaling equations.

Each CALC block contains three internal "memories" (or temporary registers) and an accumulator. You can use three store operators (S1. S2. and S3) to transfer intermediate calculation results from the accumulator into any of the three memories to be employed repeatedly throughout the calculations. This avoids having to recalculate parts of the equation using the M1, M2, or M3 operators. At the end of the cycle. memory contents are available for transfer to other control blocks in OUTl. OUT2. and OLIT3. Also, the memory contents are preserved from the end of one block execution to the next. Only the accumulator is cleared at the end of the execution cycle. Afso. you can use logical input pointers (from another block or from the control card discrete I/O) to conditionally execute part of an equation. Logical values of 1 and 0 are handled as numeric multipliers of values 1.00 and 0.00. respectively.

A number of independent calculations canbe made and their results stored in any of the memories during each CALC block execution cycle. When the " = " operator is encountered by the block processor. the result of the last calculation in the accumulator is transferred to M1. The three memories are then transferred to their respective outputs and block processing terminates for that execution cycle. The results of the block's final calculations are preserved in the three memories for the next processing cycle.

USE:

Allows real. time computation of process variables (temperature, flow, pressure, etc.). Also. you can use the block to model specialized algorithms. perform signal characterizations, alter control waveforms.

etc.

Greater than and less than operators allow for signal selection and logic functions.

TI 280 110 Page 17 Table 1.

SPEC 200 MICRO Control Block Functions (Cont.)

r Multiplyaccumulator by next operand: store product in accumulator (also logical AND if operand is a logical type)

Divide accumulator by next operand: store result in accumulator Take square root of accumulator; store result in accumulator Store accumulator in Ml Store accumulator in M2 Store accumulator in M3 Put next operand in accumulator if less than present value in accumulator Put next operand in accumulator if greater than present value in accumulator Use M1 as the operand in following operation Use M2 as the operand in following operation Use M3 as the operand in following operation Store contents of accumulator in M1: transfer M1 o OUT1; M2 to OUT2; M3 to OUT3; terminate block execution

/

S S1 S2 S3 M1 M2 M3 BLOCK NAME: CALC (Calculator) (Cont.)

DISPLAY:

CDS display: Displays OUT1 ~ OUT2, and OUT3 values in bargraph format.

DISPLAY OPTIONS:

~ Deletion of OUT1. OUT2. or OUT3 displays.

~ Engineering units with high and low scale are independently configurable for each output.

Configurable operator/function codes are as follows:

(Enterable)

Functional Operator CALC Function Executed

+

Add next operand to accumulator: store sum in accumulator Subtract nexl operand from accumulator: store difference in accumulato

'I2801'IO Page 18 PROCESS CONTROL EXAMPLE The followingexample of a three element drum level con.

trol is given to show how the SPEC 200 MICRO control blocks canbe configured to implement a control scheme.

Figure 4 shows a functional control toop diam Im nf lhe example.

Figure 5 shows the control blocks and -so".wiring-re.

quired for the analog signals in the cor~irol scheme example.

STEAM FLOW FT NON CRITICAL DRUM LEVEL LT FEEDWATER FLOW FT NON CRITICAL

~ ~ <

I/V I/V I/V DRUM LEVEL SET POINT A

PI PI Pl I

T LOGIC TRANSFER TO 1-ELEMENT WHEN LOAD IS LESS THAN 25%

OR WHEN EITHER STEAM FLOW OR FEEDWATER FLOW FAILS V/I I(X)

FEEDWATER VALVE Figure 4.

Three Element Drum Level Control Example I

~ I

<k

~ II

r r y1 TI 280.110 Page 19 DIIUMLEVEL (SCIX

% LINEAR)

STEAM FLOW (SCIX ~ SQ RT)

I'EEDWATER FLOW (SCIX ~ SQ RT)

DISPLAY' OSP OSP MEASUREMENT SET POINT P+

I BLOCK (PID) a3 0

P~l BLOCK (P ID) ul IN2 SP 0

IN1 P+

I BLOCK (PID)

-"2 M

DISPLAY I

GATE BLOCK (LOGIC, REFER TO FIGURE 6)

=6 TGL II2 SWITCH BLOCK

-4 MULTIPLE INPIJT BLOC K TO FEEDWATER VALVE FEEDWATER and STEAM FLOW display(indicator).

" ~ One element DRUM LEVELcontrol display (operator set loop).

M

~ Measurement OSP

~ Operator set point 0

Output 8

~

Bias input (performs PID block output+ STEAM FLOW summing function).

F

~

Feedback input.

SCIX

~ Signal conditioning index Figure 5.

Control Block Analog Connections J

~

<f

~ g r

~ ~

Tt 260 tto Page 20 Figure 6 shows the control blocks and "soft wiring" re.

quired for the logic signals in the control scheme example.

For this control scheme example. configure the control card with three PID blocks. one multiple input IM(B)block, one switch (SWCH) block, and one GATE bfock. Configure the SC)X for the steam and feedwater flow inputs with square root extraction.

The control scheme developed in Figures 5 and 6 has the following characteristics:

P+

I Bt.OCK (PID)

=3 INVERTER (PART OF A GATE BLOCK)

P+I BLOCK (PID)

=I P+

I BLOCK (PID)

=2 I/2 TG L SWITCH BLOCK

-"4 OR GATE (PART OF A GATE BLOCK)

MANUALSTATUS (FROM PID

=3 BLOCK)

LOAD (25%

BAD STEAIVI FLOW BAD FEEDWATER FLOW O~ Output.

T ~ Tracking enable.

TGL ~ ToggIe Input.

Figure 6.

Control Block Logic Connections

~ )

4 j

Tl 280 110 Page 21

~ If the loop develops bad steam flow, bad feedwater flow, or load <25%, the control automatically swit.

ches from three element to single element control.

~ The output value displayed for //3 PID is the same as the output value sent to the feedwater valve. This is due to the fact that ff3 PID is tracking the switch block output when in three element control.

~ When //3 PID is in MANUAL,it drives the switch block output. This is due to the fact that the manual status signal toggles the switch block to IN2.

Shown below is a block diagram of the minimum hard.

ware required for the control scheme example.

1 CDS DISPLAY STATION CONF IGURATOR 1 CDS DISPLAY STATION lOPTIONAL) 1 CONTROL CARD CONF IGURED FOR 3 PID, 1 SWCH, 1 MIB,and 1 GATE BLOCKts)

TO/FROM SPEC 200 I/O COMPONENTS (two 2AI-I3Vand one 2AO-V3I).

Figure 7.

Hardware Block Diagram

I, Tl 280 110 Page 22 If desired. you can add an additional Continuous Display Station (CDS) to continuously monitor feedwater and steam flow from the MIB block.

Figure 8 shows one of the PID block con figurator displays after it has been configured for the control scheme exam.

pie.

FILE 1

DRUH LEVEL ¹1 CCC 01 202BTMLVL BLOCK 3

TYPE PID TAG I LRC-010221 Cri tical Alarm Options Alarm HA 75.0 N

Connections ADD BLOCKS to Disk:

DRUM LEVEL O~tions HIRNG INCINC ERSQ NOINT NODER 08-JUL-85

~Dis lay Deletions PRIBK ESET SKIP TRACK HOVRD LOCP REMP HANP AUTP 0.0 0

B6 08 03 MEAS I2 OSET 65.0 FBK 01 O~tional Conn.

LA DB HD LD DDB HOA 100.0 LOA 0.0 ODB 2.0 Tuning PBAND INT DERIV GAIN BIAS 250 1.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 45.0 Y

2.0 5.0 N

5.0 Y

2.0 iMANLIM(Y FLUNKA N FLUNKE N

M BAD Y SP TRK N

Display Scaling HS 40.0 LS 10.0 EU INCH

~Dis lay Options AIR-C N

W/P N

Extension Blocks NONLBK TUNEBK O~ut ut Litsits HOLIM 100.0 LOLIM 0.0 Fl - Prev Level F2 - Enter F4 Default IF5 To Level Figure 8.

PID Block Configurator Display for Control Scheme Example