ML15161A132

Shine Medical Technologies V. 0 - Chapter 05 - Cooling Systems

ML15161A132
Person / Time
Site:	SHINE Medical Technologies
Issue date:	05/21/2015
From:	Bynum R Shine Medical Technologies
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Lynch S
References
SHINE, SHINE.SUBMISSION.18, SHN.PSAR.P, SHN.PSAR.P.8
Download: ML15161A132 (36)

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Table of Contents CHAPTER 5 COOLING SYSTEMS Table of Contents Section Title Page 5a1 HETEROGENEOUS REACTOR COOLING SYSTEMS .............................5a1-1 5a2 IRRADIATION UNIT COOLING SYSTEMS ................................................5a2-1 5a2.1

SUMMARY

DESCRIPTION ........................................................................5a2-2 5a2.1.1 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM....................................................................5a2-2 5a2.1.2 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM .............................................................5a2-2 5a2.1.3 PRIMARY COOLANT CLEANUP.................................................................5a2-3 5a2.1.4 PRIMARY COOLING MAKEUP WATER SYSTEM .....................................5a2-3 5a2.1.5 NITROGEN-16 CONTROL...........................................................................5a2.3 5a2.2 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM ...................................................................5a2-4 5a2.2.1 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................5a2-4 5a2.2.2 PCLS PROCESS FUNCTIONS ...................................................................5a2-4 5a2.2.3 SYSTEM PROCESS AND SAFETY FUNCTIONS ......................................5a2-5 5a2.2.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OPERATING PARAMETERS ....................5a2-5 5a2.2.5 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND INTERFACES ........5a2-5 5a2.2.6 PCLS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION......................................5a2-5 5a2.2.7 LWPS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION.....................................5a2-6 5a2.2.8 INSTRUMENTATION AND SAMPLING.......................................................5a2-7 5a2.2.9 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM INTERACTION....................................5a2-7 5a2.2.10 RADIATION EXPOSURE PROTECTION ....................................................5a2-7 5a2.3 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM ............................................................5a2-13 5a2.3.1 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................5a2-13 5a2.3.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS..............................................................................5a2-13 5a2.3.3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OPERATING PARAMETERS ....................5a2-14 5a2.3.4 RPCS COMPONENTS AND INTERFACES ................................................5a2-14 5a2.3.5 RPCS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION .....................................5a2-14 5a2.3.6 COOLING CONTROL ..................................................................................5a2-15 5a2.3.7 LOSS OF COOLING ....................................................................................5a2-15 5a2.3.8 COMPONENT FUNCTIONS AND LOCATIONS..........................................5a2-15 5a2.3.9 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL........................................................5a2-15 5a2.3.10 RPCS OTHER USERS ................................................................................5a2-16 SHINE Medical Technologies 5-i Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Table of Contents Table of Contents Section Title Page 5a2.4 PRIMARY COOLANT CLEANUP ................................................................5a2-20 5a2.4.1 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................5a2-20 5a2.4.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS..............................................................................5a2-20 5a2.4.3 PROCESS FLOW ........................................................................................5a2-20 5a2.4.4 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................5a2-21 5a2.4.5 CLEANUP LOOP CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION...........................5a2-21 5a2.4.6 CLEANUP LOOP COMPONENTS...............................................................5a2-21 5a2.4.7 MAINTENANCE AND COOLANT TESTING................................................5a2-21 5a2.5 PRIMARY COOLANT MAKEUP WATER SYSTEM ....................................5a2-22 5a2.5.1 DESIGN BASIS ............................................................................................5a2-22 5a2.5.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS..............................................................................5a2-22 5a2.5.3 PROCESS FLOW ........................................................................................5a2-22 5a2.5.4 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS.........................................................................5a2-22 5a2.5.5 MUPS CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION ............................................5a2-22 5a2.5.6 MUPS COMPONENTS ................................................................................5a2-23 5a2.6 NITROGEN-16 CONTROL ..........................................................................5a2-25 5a2.7 AUXILIARY SYSTEMS USING PRIMARY COOLANT ...............................5a2-26 5a

2.8 REFERENCES

............................................................................................5a2-27 5b RADIOISOTOPE PRODUCTION FACILITY COOLING SYSTEMS ...........5b-1 SHINE Medical Technologies 5-ii Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems List of Tables List of Tables Number Title 5a2.2-1 PCLS Specifications 5a2.2-2 LWPS Specifications 5a2.2-3 PCLS and LWPS Components 5a2.2-4 PCLS and LWPS System Interfaces 5a2.3-1 RPCS Specifications 5a2.3-2 RPCS Components 5a2.3-3 RPCS Interfaces 5a2.5-1 MUPS Specifications SHINE Medical Technologies 5-iii Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems List of Figures List of Figures Number Title 5a2.1-1 Cooling Systems Heat Flow Pathway Diagram 5a2.2-1 LWPS Process Flow Diagram 5a2.2-2 PCLS Process Flow Diagram 5a2.3-1 RPCS Process Flow Diagram 5a2.4-1 Primary Coolant Cleanup Loop Flow Diagram SHINE Medical Technologies 5-iv Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym/Abbreviation Definition

/yr per year

°F degrees Fahrenheit

µmho micromho 10 CFR 20 Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 20 ALARA as low as reasonably achievable Ar-41 argon-41 Btu british thermal unit Btu/hr british thermal units per hour CAAS criticality accident alarm system CHWS process chilled water CHWS/R chilled water supply/return cm centimeter cm/yr centimeters per year D deep DI deionized ESF engineered safety feature FCHS facility chilled water supply and distribution system FDWS facility demineralized water system FIAS facility instrument air system FICS facility integrated control system FPS facility power system ft. feet gal. gallon gpm gallons per minute HLL high liquid level hr. hour IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency SHINE Medical Technologies 5-v Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations (contd)

Acronym/Abbreviation Definition in. inch IU irradiation unit kg kilogram km kilometer kW kilowatt lb. pound lb/min pounds per minute LCO limiting condition for operation LFL lower flammable limit LLL low liquid level LWPS light water pool system m meter MEPS molybdenum extraction and purification sys-tem mi. mile MM million MUPS light water pool and primary closed loop cool-ing make-up system N-16 nitrogen-16 NDAS neutron driver assembly system PCLS primary closed loop cooling system PFD process flow diagram PSAR preliminary safety analysis report psig pounds per square inch gauge PVVS process vessel vent system RCA radiologically controlled area RDS radioactive drain system SHINE Medical Technologies 5-vi Rev. 1

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations (contd)

Acronym/Abbreviation Definition RLWE radioactive liquid waste evaporation and immobilization system RLWS radioactive liquid waste storage system RPCS radioisotope process facility cooling system SASS subcritical assembly support structure SCAS subcritical assembly system SHINE SHINE Medical Technologies, Inc.

TOGS TSV off-gas system TPS tritium purification system TRPS TSV reactivity protection system TSV target solution vessel UNCS uranyl nitrate conversion system UREX uranium extraction system yd. yard SHINE Medical Technologies 5-vii Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Heterogenous Reactor Cooling Systems CHAPTER 5 COOLANT SYSTEMS 5a1 HETEROGENOUS REACTOR COOLING SYSTEMS The SHINE Medical Technologies, Inc. (SHINE) facility is not a reactor; therefore, this section does not apply to the SHINE facility.

SHINE Medical Technologies 5a1-1 Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Irradiation Unit Cooling Systems 5a2 IRRADIATION UNIT COOLING SYSTEMS The irradiation unit (IU) cooling systems include the primary cooling system and secondary cooling system. The primary cooling system is comprised of the primary closed loop cooling system (PCLS) and light water pool system (LWPS). The secondary cooling system is referred to as the radioisotope process facility cooling system (RPCS). The cooling systems heat flow pathway is shown in Figure 5a2.1-1.

The PCLS and LWPS provide the heat removal to the IU equipment that is submerged within the light water pool. The RPCS removes heat from the LWPS/PCLS and transfers it to the facility chilled water supply and distribution system (FCHS).

There are eight IUs that each include a PCLS and LWPS. The RPCS is a closed loop system that provides cooling water to all of the process areas within the RCA. This section focuses on the RPCS in relation to the IU PCLS/LWPS function.

The thermal partitions between the LWPS/PCLS and RPCS cooling systems are the heat exchangers at the system interfaces. These heat exchangers are shown in Figures 5a2.2-1 and 5a2.2-2 (the legend for process flow diagrams is provided in Figure 1.3-6). The thermal partition between the RPCS and FCHS is at the RPCS heat exchanger, shown in Figure 5a2.3-1. The heat exchangers used are plate and frame types. There is a positive pressure differential at each thermal partition such that a breach in a heat exchanger would result in uncontaminated water at higher pressure flowing into the potentially-radioactive water at a lower pressure.

This section describes the design bases and functions of the PCLS, LWPS, and RPCS. For detailed information on the three systems, see Sections 5a2.2, 5a2.3, and 5b.1.

The primary coolant cleanup loops provide treatment of the PCLS and LWPS coolant to meet water quality limits.

The MUPS provides makeup water to the PCLS and LWPS cooling loops.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Summary Description 5a2.1

SUMMARY

DESCRIPTION 5a2.1.1 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM The primary cooling system (LWPS and PCLS) removes heat from the IU during operation and transfers the heat to the RPCS via a heat exchanger.

The PCLS cooling loop removes heat directly from the TSV [ Proprietary Information ] around the TSV walls during normal irradiation and shut down conditions. [ Proprietary Information ]. Coolant removes heat from the TSV by forced convection as it is pumped [ Proprietary Information ]

around the walls of the TSV. The PCLS cooling loop includes a heat exchanger, pump, and water treatment equipment. The PCLS is a closed-loop system.

The LWPS cooling loop removes heat from the light water pool by circulating the light water pool water through the LWPS cooling loop during normal irradiation and shut down operations. During normal operations, the majority of the heat actively removed by the LWPS is from the neutron multiplier and neutron driver target chamber with a small amount from the pool due to gamma radiation and neutron slowing down energy. During abnormal operation or accident scenarios, the light water pool passively removes decay heat from the neutron multiplier and TSV dump tank. The LWPS includes the light water pool and cooling loop components. The light water pool is approximately [ Proprietary Information ] and includes a 316L stainless steel liner attached to the concrete structure. The subcritical assembly support structure (SASS) and the TSV dump tank are submerged in the light water pool. The pump (1-LWPS-01P) suction is from the base of the light water pool and discharges to the SASS after passing through the LWPS heat exchanger (see Figure 5a2.2-1). The cooling water flows up the center of the SASS to cool the neutron multiplier and target chamber. The LWPS cooling loop includes a heat exchanger, pump, and water treatment equipment.

Each PCLS is designed to remove a minimum of [ Proprietary Information ] of heat from each IU during full-power operation. The LWPS is designed to remove a minimum of [ Proprietary Information ] of heat from each IU during full-power operation. The light water pool itself is designed to passively remove decay waste heat (post-IU shut down) during design basis accidents that result in a loss of PCLS and LWPS active cooling. A small amount of heat is also removed by the TSV off-gas system (TOGS).

The coolant used in the LWPS and PCLS is light water that follows the quality limits and design parameters described in Section 5a2.2.

For radiation exposure protection, see Subsection 5a2.2.10.

5a2.1.2 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM The RPCS removes heat from the process heat exchangers within the RCA, including the PCLS and LWPS heat exchangers. The RPCS is a closed-loop cooling system that circulates cooling water to all process system users within the RCA boundary and transfers the absorbed heat to the FCHS via a plate and frame heat exchanger within the RCA boundary. The FCHS subsequently dissipates the heat to the environment outside of the RCA.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Summary Description The RPCS is capable of removing [ Proprietary Information ] from the eight IU LWPS and PCLS loops. This is accomplished by circulating the LWPS water and PCLS water through a heat exchanger on each loop to transfer the heat to the RPCS cooling loop. The total RPCS heat duty from all process systems is approximately [ Proprietary Information ]. Active heat removal from these systems is not required for emergency cooling.

5a2.1.3 PRIMARY COOLANT CLEANUP The LWPS and PCLS water is continuously treated to meet water quality limits discussed in Section 5a2.2. The cleanup components are located on a bypass loop for each PCLS and LWPS cooling loop that sends 1 to 10 percent of the cooling loop flow through the cleanup loop to continuously remove particulates and ionic species from the coolant.

The primary coolant cleanup loops include a conductivity analyzer, ion exchange column to remove ionic species, and filters on the inlet and outlet of the ion exchange column to remove particulates from the coolant. See Section 5a2.4 for the design parameters of this system.

5a2.1.4 PRIMARY COOLING MAKEUP WATER SYSTEM The primary cooling makeup water system is referred to as the light water pool and primary closed loop cooling makeup system (MUPS) in the SHINE facility. The MUPS provides makeup water to the PCLS and LWPS cooling loops.

MUPS water is supplied from the facility demineralized water system (FDWS) to provide pretreated water to the PCLS and LWPS. See Table 5a2.5-1 for MUPS system specifications.

5a2.1.5 NITROGEN-16 CONTROL There is no independent nitrogen-16 (N-16) control system. The radiation dose from N-16 is mitigated by shielding around the PCLS/LWPS components and the administrative controls defined by the radiation protection program.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System 5a2.2 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM 5a2.2.1 DESIGN BASIS The primary cooling system provides heat removal to the IUs during normal irradiation and shutdown conditions. The primary cooling system in the SHINE facility is comprised of the PCLS and the LWPS cooling system for each IU.

The PCLS removes heat directly from the TSV [ Proprietary Information ] around the TSV walls during normal irradiation and shutdown conditions. The SASS is a stainless steel vessel and support system surrounding the TSV. It provides the shell-side for the coolant flow past the TSV.

The heat removed by the PCLS loop is transferred to the secondary cooling system, or RPCS, at a plate and frame heat exchanger on each PCLS loop.

The LWPS circulates the light water pool water to remove heat generated during normal irradiation and shutdown conditions. The LWPS provides direct cooling to the neutron multiplier and target chamber and cooling to the TSV dump tank. The heat removed from the light water pool is transferred to the RPCS at a plate and frame heat exchanger on each LWPS loop. The light water pool component of this system is safety-related and provides passive cooling to the IU in design basis accident scenarios.

See Figure 5a2.2-2 for the process flow diagram and Table 5a2.2-1 for the specifications of the PCLS. See Figure 5a2.2-1 for the process flow diagram and Table 5a2.2-2 for the specifications of the LWPS. The RPCS interfaces with the primary cooling system at the two depicted heat exchangers, and is shown as chilled water supply (CHWS) and chilled water return (CHWR) in the figures.

Both primary cooling system loops include circulation pumps, heat exchangers, water treatment equipment, and connections to makeup water and waste treatment. The PCLS contains an expansion tank (1-PCLS-01T) to provide thermal expansion protection, head for the pump, and system volume level monitoring. The light water pool itself provides an expansion volume for the LWPS cooling loop.

5a2.2.2 PCLS PROCESS FUNCTIONS The process functions of the PCLS cooling system are:

• Remove a minimum of [ Proprietary Information ] of heat from each TSV (eight total) during full-power IU operation by circulating deionized water [ Proprietary Information ].

• Maintain physical integrity of system pressure boundary.

• Maintain water quality to reduce corrosion and scaling.

• Limit concentrations of particulate and dissolved contaminants that could be made radioactive by neutron irradiation within ALARA guidelines.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System 5a2.2.3 SYSTEM PROCESS AND SAFETY FUNCTIONS The process functions of the LWPS are:

• Remove a minimum of [ Proprietary Information ] of heat from the light water pool, neutron multiplier, and target chamber for each IU cell during full-power operation by circulating the light water pool water through the cooling loop.

• Maintain the normal temperature range of the light water pool.

• Maintain system physical integrity.

• Maintain water quality to reduce corrosion and scaling.

• Limit concentrations of particulate and dissolved contaminants that could be made radioactive by neutron irradiation within ALARA guidelines.

The safety functions of the LWPS are listed below:

• Provide decay heat cooling heat sink during design basis accidents.

5a2.2.4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OPERATING PARAMETERS There are no technical specification parameters identified for the PCLS or the LWPS.

5a2.2.5 PRIMARY COOLING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND INTERFACES The primary cooling system LWPS and PCLS components are designed and fabricated in accordance with the codes and standards listed in Table 5a2.2-3.

The system interfaces of the primary cooling system are listed in Table 5a2.2-4. Water treatment components associated with the primary cooling system are discussed in Section 5a2.4.

5a2.2.6 PCLS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION The PCLS removes heat directly from the TSV [ Proprietary Information ] around the TSV walls during normal irradiation and shut down operations. [ Proprietary Information ] The flow path of the [ Proprietary Information ]. The coolant system operates via forced convection during normal operation.

Once the heat from the TSV is transferred to the PCLS cooling water, the water enters the PCLS cooling water tank (1-PCLS-01T) to allow for thermal expansion, provide head for the circulation pump, and provide cooling loop volume monitoring.

The PCLS cooling water is pumped through the heat exchanger where the heat is transferred to the RPCS and then subsequently transferred to the FCHS where it is dissipated to the environment.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System After the PCLS water is cooled to the nominal outlet temperature in Table 5a2.2-1, it is returned to the SASSA portion of the flow is diverted downstream of the heat exchanger, sending a small portion of the cooling water flow to water treatment equipment to remove ionic species and particulates.

The water quality specifications can be found in Table 5a2.2-1. The water treatment equipment is discussed in Section 5a2.4.

The PCLS continues to operate after the neutron driver assembly system (NDAS) is shut down to remove heat from the TSV.

5a2.2.7 LWPS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION The light water pool is a rectangular concrete structure of approximately [ Proprietary Information ]. The pool includes a 316 L stainless steel liner and is equipped with leak detection features. The approximate liquid volume of the pool is [ Proprietary Information ] when adjusted for IU equipment displacement. See Section 4a2.4.2 for physical property information about the light water pool structure.

The LWPS removes heat from the light water pool by circulating the pool water through the cooling loop during normal irradiation and shut down conditions. During normal operations, the majority of the heat actively removed by the LWPS is from the neutron multiplier and target chamber with a small amount from the pool due to gamma radiation and neutron slow down energy. During abnormal operation or accident scenarios, the light water pool passively removes decay heat from the neutron multiplier and TSV. The pump (1-LWPS-01P) suction is from the light water pool and discharge is at the bottom of the SASS after passing through the LWPS heat exchanger. The LWPS cooling loop is also active after the NDAS has been shut down to maintain the normal operation temperature range shown in Table 5a2.2-2.

The light water pool water enters the cooling loop and is pumped through the heat exchanger to transfer heat absorbed to the RPCS cooling loop. The RPCS subsequently transfers the heat to the FCHS where it is dissipated to the environment.

After the light water pool water is cooled to the nominal temperature in Table 5a2.2-2, it is returned to the SASS and light water pool. A portion of the flow is diverted downstream of the heat exchanger, sending a small portion of the cooling water flow to water treatment equipment to remove ionic species and particulates. The water quality specifications can be found in Table 5a2.2-2. The water treatment equipment is discussed in Section 5a2.4.

The light water pool acts as a heat reservoir to remove heat from the subcritical assembly system (SCAS). The pool provides a large reservoir to remove heat during normal irradiation operation and in the case of a design basis accident. Even with a loss of LWPS circulation, the light water pool absorbs the decay heat after the NDAS has been shut down. See Chapter 13 for more discussion of accident scenarios.

Hydrogen gas accumulation in the light water pool head space is not possible since the pool surface is open to the IU cell atmosphere.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System 5a2.2.8 INSTRUMENTATION AND SAMPLING Pressure, flow, and level monitoring instrumentation are located on the PCLS and LWPS to monitor the operating parameters of the loops. Flow, pressure, and temperature instrumentation are located around the major components of the cooling loops.

Sampling and analysis of the water from the PCLS and LWPS is performed periodically to ensure that the water quality requirements are being maintained and contaminants are not present in the cooling loops. Maintaining water quality ensures functional and safe operation by reducing corrosion damage and scaling. See Table 5a2.2-1 for water quality requirements. Water treatment instrumentation is further discussed in Section 5a2.4. Sampling for radiological contaminants is performed to detect possible leakage in the primary system boundary.

Conductivity analyzers are located near the PCLS and LWPS heat exchangers and pumps to detect the cation level in the LWPS and PCLS water.

5a2.2.9 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM INTERACTION The primary cooling system loops transfer heat removed from the SCAS and light water pool to the RPCS through the plate and frame heat exchangers (1-LWPS-01A, 1-PCLS-01A). See Table 5a2.3-1 for the operating conditions of the RPCS.

Radiation monitoring and water purity sampling requirements will be described for the RPCS in the FSAR. This will include concentration limits and sampling frequency.

The pressure of the RPCS water is greater than the pressure of the primary cooling system cooling loops to ensure that contaminants will not leak into the RPCS water system if a plate or seal in a heat exchanger (1-LWPS-01A/1-PCLS-01A) leaks. In addition to pressure detection on PCLS and LWPS loops, pressure monitoring instrumentation (including low pressure alarms) is located on the piping of the RPCS to verify sufficient RPCS pressure is maintained.

5a2.2.10 RADIATION EXPOSURE PROTECTION The primary cooling system piping confines the cooling water within the IU cell and within the primary cooling enclosures located adjacent to the IU cells. The cooling loops are constructed of materials that effectively resist corrosion to limit the radiation exposure of the workers and surrounding equipment.

The light water pool and TSV are contained within the IU cell, which also provides confinement to the components of the primary cooling system within the IU cell boundary.

The PCLS and LWPS will contain N-16 during normal IU operation. The PCLS and LWPS equipment located outside of the IU cell include adequate biological shielding to meet radiation exposure goals defined in Subsection 11.1.2.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System Table 5a2.2-1 PCLS Specifications PCLS Parameter Nominal Value Coolant Material Light water Coolant Source FDWS Inlet Conditions (at return from TSV) Temperature: 80°F Pressure: 3 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)

Outlet Conditions (at supply to TSV) Temperature: 68°F Pressure: 5 psig Heat Exchanger Duty [ Proprietary Information ]

Coolant Flow Rate Mass flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

Volumetric flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

Coolant Quality Conductivity: <5 micromho per cm (µmho/cm) pH: 5.5 to 7.5 The IAEA (2011) provides case studies on primary cooling systems in various reactor facilities. These water quality limits reflect the case studies in that report.

System Type A cooling water closed loop.

Material of Construction and The primary cooling system LWPS and PCLS Fabrication components are designed and fabricated in accordance with the codes and standards listed in Table 5a2.2-3.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System Table 5a.2.2-2 LWPS Specifications LWPS Parameter Nominal Value Coolant Material Water Coolant Source FDWS Temperature Range 68°F to 75°F Inlet Conditions (at return from light Temperature: 75°F water pool volume) Pressure: 0 psig Outlet Conditions (at supply to SASS) Temperature: 68°F Pressure: 3 psig Heat Exchanger Duty [ Proprietary Information ]

Coolant Flow Rate Mass flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

Volumetric flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

Coolant Quality Conductivity: <5 µmho/cm pH: 5.5 to 7.5 The IAEA (2011) provides case studies on primary cooling systems in various facilities. These water quality limits reflect the case studies in that report.

System Type A cooling water closed loop that removes heat from the light water pool. Heat is transferred to the RPCS at a plate and frame heat exchanger (1-LWPS-01A).

Material of Construction and The primary cooling system LWPS and PCLS Fabrication components are designed and fabricated in accordance with the codes and standards listed in Table 5a2.2-3.

Shielding Depth The top of the light water pool is located approximately 6 ft. above the top of the TSV.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System Table 5a2.2-3 PCLS and LWPS Components (Sheet 1 of 2)

Component Description Code/Standard PCLS 1-PCLS-01A PCLS cooler. Heat exchanger ASME BPVC transfers heat from PCLS cooling loop Section VIII to the RPCS. Plate and frame type. (ASME, 2011) 1-PCLS-01T PCLS cooling water tank. Provides ASME BPVC thermal expansion protection, pump Section VIII head pressure, and cooling loop (ASME, 2011) water level monitoring.

1-PCLS-01P PCLS cooling water pump. Circulates ANSI/HI 3.1-3.5 water along the cooling loop. (ANSI/HI, 2008)

Instrumentation Instruments to monitor the operation ASME B40.100 of the PCLS (ASME, 2006);

ASME B40.200 (ASME, 2008);

ANSI N323D (ANSI, 2003); and other applicable codes and standards.

Piping Components PCLS cooling loop piping, valves, ASME B31.3 in-line components. (ASME, 2012)

LWPS 1-LWPS-01A Light water pool cooler. Heat ASME BPVC exchanger transfers heat from the Section VIII LWPS cooling loop to the RPCS. (ASME, 2011)

Plate and frame type.

1-LWPS-01P Light water pool cooling pump. ANSI/HI 3.1-3.5 Circulates water along the cooling (ANSI/HI, 2008) loop.

Instrumentation Instruments to monitor the operation ASME B40.100 of the LWPS (ASME, 2006);

ASME B40.200 (ASME, 2008);

ANSI N323D (ANSI, 2003); and other applicable codes and standards.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System Table 5a2.2-3 PCLS and LWPS Components (Sheet 2 of 2)

Component Description Code/Standard Piping Components LWPS cooling loop piping, valves, ASME B31.3 in-line components. (ASME, 2012)

LWPS and PCLS Cleanup Components Pre-filter Removes particulates greater than 3 ASME BPVC to 5 microns from the PCLS/LWPS Section VIII cooling water. (ASME, 2011)

Ion Exchange Column packed with resin to remove ASME BPVC Column ionic species from the PCLS/LWPS Section VIII cooling water. (ASME, 2011)

Post-Filter Removes particulates greater than 3 ASME BPVC to 5 microns Section VIII (ASME, 2011)

Piping Components Piping, valves, in-line components. ASME B31.3 Quick disconnect connections are (ASME, 2012) included on the filters to make filter replacement a quick procedure.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling System Table 5a2.2-4 PCLS and LWPS System Interfaces System Interface Description Radioisotope Interfaces at the 1-LWPS-01A and 1-PCLS-01A supply Process Cooling and return connections of the RPCS to remove heat from Water System the primary cooling system loops during normal (RPCS) irradiation and shut down operations of each IU.

Uranyl Nitrate Interfaces at the cooling water purge lines of both cooling Conversion System loops. In the event that either the PCLS or LWPS needs (UNCS) to be evacuated due to contamination, they may be purged to UNCS.

Light Water Pool and Interfaces at the makeup water connections on the PCLS Primary Closed Loop and LWPS to provide makeup water, when needed.

Cooling Makeup System (MUPS)

Neutron Driver The LWPS provides cooling to the target chamber.

Assembly System (NDAS)

Subcritical Assembly The LWPS and PCLS provide cooling to the SCAS.

System (SCAS)

Normal Electrical The NPSS provides power to PCLS and LWPS cooling Power Supply loop equipment and instrumentation.

System (NPSS)

TSV Reactivity TRPS provides safety-related shut down of the IU Protection System neutron driver and dump of the TSV in the event the (TRPS) PCLS fails to provide heat removal from the IU or overcools the TSV.

Facility Instrument Air FIAS provides instrument air to PCLS/LWPS loop System (FIAS) pneumatic control mechanisms.

TSV Process Control TPCS monitors and controls PCLS/LWPS loop actuators System (TPCS) and instrumentation on valves and piping accessories.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System 5a2.3 SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM 5a2.3.1 DESIGN BASIS The secondary cooling system provides heat removal from the primary cooling system during normal TSV/IU operation and shut down. The secondary cooling system for the IUs is the RPCS, which also provides cooling water to the process systems.

This section focuses on the RPCS requirements with respect to the primary cooling system, which includes the LWPS and PCLS cooling loops, but discusses the other process systems the RPCS provides cooling to as well. There are eight IUs, each with an LWPS and PCLS cooling loop.

The RPCS provides cooling water to equipment within the RCA boundary in the facility. The RPCS is a closed loop cooling system that circulates cooling water to process system users within the RCA boundary and transfers the absorbed heat to the FCHS via a plate and frame heat exchanger within the RCA boundary. The RPCS is not a safety-related system. If flow in the RPCS is interrupted leading to temperature rise in the process systems, process equipment requiring cooling is shut down until normal operation flow and temperatures can be reestablished. Safety is not adversely affected for other process systems if RPCS cooling is lost.

See Figure 5a2.3-1 for the process flow diagram of the RPCS. Table 5a2.3-1 gives specifications for the system.

Heat is generated by the SCAS and NDAS target chamber and is absorbed by the LWPS and PCLS cooling loops for each IU. The NDAS utilizes RPCS cooling for other components located within the IU cell. The LWPS water circulates in a cooling loop that includes a heat exchanger where it interfaces with the RPCS. The PCLS cooling water circulates in a closed cooling loop that includes a heat exchanger where it interfaces with the RPCS.

The heat in the RPCS is transferred to the FCHS, where it is then dissipated to the environment.

5a2.3.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS The process functions of the RPCS are:

• Remove at a minimum [ Proprietary Information ] per IU of heat from the LWPS and at a minimum [ Proprietary Information ] per IU of heat from the PCLS during full-power irradiation. The total heat the RPCS removes from the eight IU LWPS and PCLS loops is approximately [ Proprietary Information ].

• Remove a total of [ Proprietary Information ] from RCA systems.

• Maintain physical integrity of system pressure boundary.

• Maintain water quality to reduce corrosion and scaling.

• Maintain higher pressure than the primary cooling systems.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System 5a2.3.3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OPERATING PARAMETERS There are no technical specification parameters identified for the RPCS.

5a2.3.4 RPCS COMPONENTS AND INTERFACES The RPCS components are listed in Table 5a2.3-2, including design codes and standards.

Figure 5a2.3-1 provides equipment reference.

The RPCS interfaces with the FCHS at the RPCS heat exchanger located within the RCA boundary. The FCHS cools the RPCS water to 60°F for supply to the RPCS usage points.

The system interfaces of the RPCS are listed in Table 5a2.3-3.

5a2.3.5 RPCS COOLING FUNCTIONS AND OPERATION The pressure of the RPCS water is greater than the pressure of the primary cooling system to ensure that contaminants cannot be leaked into the RPCS water system if a plate or seal in the heat exchangers (1-LWPS-01A/1-PCLS-01A in Figure 5a2.2-2 and Figure 5a2.2-1) leaks. The pressure gradient between the RPCS and the primary cooling system loops prevents water from flowing into the RPCS. Pressure monitoring instrumentation (including low and/or high pressure alarms) in the RPCS verifies the pressure gradient is maintained. The primary cooling system (LWPS and PCLS) cooling loops are maintained at a lower pressure than the RPCS pressure at the heat exchanger.

The RPCS cooling loop piping and components are designed to prevent an uncontrolled release of radioactivity to the unrestricted environment. Refer to Chapter 11 for radiation protection, monitoring, and response guidelines.

Pressure, flow, and temperature instrumentation on the supply/return lines of the RPCS indicates a malfunction with an increase in pressure drop and low flow.

Isolation valves around the heat exchanger ensure that there is no contamination of the RPCS by primary coolant during maintenance activities.

Sampling and analysis of water from the RPCS loop is performed periodically to ensure radiological contaminants are below acceptable limits. If the system is found to be operating beyond safe levels, the system will be shut down and the contaminated water will be purified using ion exchange beds or purged to the uranyl nitrate conversion system (UNCS). Operators then inspect the malfunctioning equipment and remedy the issue accordingly. The RPCS cooling loop is refilled with FDWS water to continue normal operation.

Sampling and analysis of the water from the RPCS loop is also performed to ensure that the water quality requirements are being maintained. Maintaining water quality requirements ensures functional and safe operation in the RPCS by reducing damage done by corrosion and scaling.

See Table 5a2.3-1 for RPCS water quality requirements.

During IU shut down, the RPCS loop remains active until the heat in the TSV has reached an acceptably low level. The amount of time that RPCS is active beyond IU shut down is determined during operations by temperature monitoring.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System 5a2.3.6 COOLING CONTROL The heat removal provided by the RPCS loop to the two primary cooling system cooling loops (LWPS, PCLS) is controlled by adjusting the RPCS flow rate to each heat exchanger. The RPCS flow rate is controlled on the return side of the process system heat exchanger by means of a 2-way control valve.

Further detail on the cooling control limitations will be provided in the FSAR.

5a2.3.7 LOSS OF COOLING The primary cooling system and RPCS loops are active systems that require power to the circulation pumps and instrumentation to operate. The light water pool provides a passive engineered cooling method that absorbs fission decay heat produced after the neutron driver has been shut down.

Loss of cooling design basis accidents are discussed in Chapter 13.

5a2.3.8 COMPONENT FUNCTIONS AND LOCATIONS The RPCS heat exchanger, pump, and associated components are located inside the RCA boundary at the FCHS interface. A RPCS head tank is located with the RPCS components to provide thermal expansion protection of the RPCS piping system. If the RPCS becomes contaminated with primary coolant, the following essential components ensure contamination is not inadvertently released to the environment:

• Floor drains within the RCA boundary drain to sumps (critically safe where necessary) to prevent leaked or spilled RPCS water from damaging equipment and contain the liquids.

• Makeup water to the RPCS cooling loop is provided by the FDWS. The makeup water connection is located upstream of the RPCS heat exchanger. Air-gap backflow prevention equipment is used at this connection to ensure that potentially contaminated water in the RPCS loop does not contaminate the FDWS.

• The secondary cooling system does not interface with the environment. The pressure of the RPCS is maintained below the pressure of the FCHS.

5a2.3.9 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL Pressure, flow, temperature, conductivity, and radiation detection instrumentation are included in the design of the RPCS to ensure operation within design conditions.

Pressure, flow, and temperature measurement instrumentation are placed on the RPCS loop.

Setpoints ensure that operators are alerted when an operating condition is out of specification.

Pressure, flow, and temperature conditions are monitored for the RPCS inlet and outlet to process system heat exchangers.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System A conductivity analyzer is located near the RPCS heat exchanger (1-RPCS-01A) and pump (1-RPCS-01P) to detect the ionic level in the RPCS water. If the conductivity measurement reaches 2000 µmho/cm the operators are alerted to take clean-up action. This limits corrosion and scaling damage in the RPCS system.

Radiation instrumentation, including alarms, are located at the RPCS cooling water return connection at the RCA boundary to detect possible contamination of the RPCS cooling loop. If a leak is detected, individual sampling and monitoring is performed to determine the source.

The RPCS piping includes dual air-gap backflow prevention components at the interface with the FDWS. This prevents possibly contaminated RPCS water from coming in contact with the makeup water. The air-gap backflow prevention components help ensure the radiation dose-limiting ALARA guidelines in Chapter 11 are met.

5a2.3.10 RPCS OTHER USERS The other process systems that require RPCS cooling water are listed below and are also listed in Table 5a2.3-3:

• TSV Off-Gas System (TOGS)

• Molybdenum Extraction and Purification System (MEPS)

• Uranyl Nitrate Conversion System (UNCS)

• Process Vessel Vent System (PVVS)

• Radioactive Liquid Waste Evaporation and Immobilization System (RLWE)

• Tritium Purification System (TPS)

• Neutron Driver Assembly System (NDAS)

The total heat duty for the RPCS in the SHINE facility is approximately [ Proprietary Information ],

which includes RCA systems currently in the design.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System Table 5a2.3-1 RPCS Specifications Parameter Nominal Value RPCS Coolant Material Water RPCS Coolant Source FDWS RPCS Supply Conditions 60°F 30 to 50 psig RPCS-PCLS loop (1-PCLS-01A) flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

RPCS-LWPS loop (1-LWPS-01A) flow rate: [ Proprietary Information ]

RPCS Return Conditions Primary cooling system (LWPS/PCLS): 67°F 25-45 psig Other systems: 75°F 25-45 psig Heat Exchanger Duty PCLS (1-PCLS-01A): [ Proprietary Information ] per IU LWPS (1-LWPS-01A): [ Proprietary Information ] per IU See Subsection 5a2.3.2 for the total RPCS heat duty within the RCA boundary.

System Type Supply and return cooling water closed loop that removes heat from the primary cooling system (LWPS, PCLS) and other process systems via plate and frame and other types of heat exchangers.

Material of Construction RPCS components are designed and fabricated in accordance with the codes and standards listed in Table 5a2.3-2.

Heat Dissipation w/ This system is not designed to dissipate heat to the environment.

Relation to Environmental Factors RPCS Coolant Quality Conductivity: <2000 µmho/cm (IAEA, 2011) pH: 6 to 8 SHINE Medical Technologies 5a2-17 Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System Table 5a2.3-2 RPCS Components Component Description Code/Standard 1-RPCS-01A RPCS heat exchanger. Transfers ASME BPVC heat from RPCS cooling loop to the Section VIII FCHS. Plate and frame type. (ASME, 2011) 1-RPCS-01T RPCS expansion tank. Provides ASME BPVC thermal expansion protection for the Section VIII RPCS piping and components. (ASME, 2011) 1-RPCS-01P RPCS water pump. Circulates RPCS ANSI/HI 3.1-3.5 water along the cooling loop. (ANSI/HI, 2008)

Piping Components RPCS piping, valves, in-line ASME B31.3 components. (ASME, 2012)

Instrumentation Pressure, temperature, flow, and ASME B40.100 radiation instrumentation to monitor (ASME, 2006);

the operation of the RPCS. ASME B40.200 (ASME, 2008);

ANSI N323D (ANSI, 2003); and other applicable codes and standards.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Secondary Cooling System Table 5a2.3-3 RPCS Interfaces System Interface Description Primary Cooling System Interfaces at the 1-PCLS-01A and 1-LWPS-01A supply and return (LWPS/PCLS) connections of the PCLS and LWPS cooling loops to remove heat from the SCAS and target chamber during normal operation and shut down.

TSV Off-Gas System Interfaces at the 1-TOGS-01A and 1-TOGS-02A supply and return (TOGS) connections of the TOGS to condense water vapor and remove the exothermic reaction heat from recombiner beds.

Molybdenum Extraction Interfaces at the condenser unit supply and return connections of and Purification System 1-MEPS-01A to condense the evaporation gas from the rotary (MEPS) evaporator.

Uranyl Nitrate Interfaces at the 1-UNCS-02A, 1-UNCS-04A, 1-UNCS-05A, and Conversion System 1-UNCS-06A supply and return connections. Removes the heat (UNCS) generated in 1-UNCS01T from the uranyl nitrate conversion reaction. Cools the recycled target solution being transferred to 1-UNCS-09T. Condenses the overheads from 1-UNCS-07T and 1-UNCS-08T. Also interfaces at RPCS purge line.

Process Vessel Vent Interfaces at the 1-PVVS-01A supply and return connections.

System (PVVS) Cools the recycle loop of 1-PVVS-01T.

Radioactive Liquid Waste Interfaces at the 1-RLWE-02A and 1-RLWE-03A supply and return Evaporation System connections. Condenses the overheads from 1-RLWE-02T.

(RLWE)

Facility Chilled Water Interfaces at the 1-RPCS-01A supply and return connections.

Supply and Distribution Transfers heat from the RPCS to the FCHS so it can be released to System (FCHS) the environment outside of the RCA boundary.

Normal Electrical Power The NPSS provides power to RPCS equipment and Supply System (NPSS) instrumentation.

Tritium Purification Interfaces at the 1-TPS-01A supply and return connections. Cools System (TPS) the TPS glovebox atmosphere.

Facility Instrument Air FIAS provides instrument air to RPCS pneumatic control System (FIAS) mechanisms.

Facility Integrated Control FICS monitors and controls RPCS actuators and instrumentation System (FICS) on valves and piping accessories.

Facility Demineralized The FDWS provides makeup water to the RPCS.

Water System (FDWS)

Neutron Driver Assembly Interfaces with the NDAS within the IU.

System (NDAS)

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Coolant Cleanup 5a2.4 PRIMARY COOLANT CLEANUP 5a2.4.1 DESIGN BASIS The primary coolant cleanup is not an independent system, but is part of the PCLS and LWPS.

The purpose of primary coolant cleanup is to maintain the required water quality limits of the primary cooling system coolant.

Maintaining the required water quality limits corrosion damage and scaling to the PCLS, LWPS, SCAS, and NDAS target chamber components. These components include the primary coolant barrier, the TSV, light water pool, and associated components. Due to the nature of the target solution, the SCAS does not utilize cladding. The primary coolant cleanup also removes activation products and other radioactive contaminants from the primary PCLS/LWPS coolant to maintain radiation exposures ALARA. See Subsection 11.1.3 for ALARA guidelines.

The TSV is constructed of zircaloy-4, an alloy of zirconium that offers exceptional corrosion resistance under irradiation and offers a very low neutron absorption cross section. Zircaloy-4 is widely used throughout the nuclear industry where corrosion resistance and neutron economy are important (such as in fuel cladding).

The design of the primary coolant cleanup system follows design recommendations from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report (NP-T-5.2) on good practices for water quality management in research reactors (IAEA, 2011). This report includes recommended water quality limits and design for research reactor cooling water cleanup systems.

See Section 5a2.2 for the detailed discussion of the primary cooling system.

5a2.4.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS The following are the process functions of the primary coolant cleanup loops:

• Maintain water quality to reduce corrosion and scaling.

• Limit concentrations of particulate and dissolved contaminants that could be made radioactive by neutron irradiation within ALARA guidelines.

5a2.4.3 PROCESS FLOW See Figure 5a2.4-1 for the process flow of the primary coolant cleanup loops on the PCLS and LWPS. The LWPS components are shown in Figure 5a2.4-1, but the layout for the PCLS is the same.

In Figure 5a2.4-1, streams 0803 and 0804 represent the PCLS/LWPS cooling loop. The cleanup loop is shown as stream 0807. The cleanup loop includes a conductivity analyzer to measure the ionic content in the PCLS/LWPS cooling loop, a pre-filter (1-LWPS-01F-A-H) to remove particulates greater than approximately 3 to 5 microns, an ion exchange column (1-LWPS-01D-A-P) to remove ionic species, a post-filter (1-LWPS-02F-A-H) to remove any particles that leave the column resin packing greater than approximately 3 to 5 microns. The SHINE Medical Technologies 5a2-20 Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Coolant Cleanup cleanup loop flow rate is operated at 1 to 10 percent of the associated PCLS/LWPS cooling loop flow rate to provide constant water treatment. A standby ion exchange column is included so that an operator may switch flow to it in the event the column in service becomes unable to remove ionic species from the coolant.

5a2.4.4 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS See Tables 5a2.2-1 and 5a2.2-2 for specifications of the primary coolant cleanup system. The specifications in Tables 5a2.2-1 and 5a2.2-2 ensure normal operation of the primary coolant cleanup system without adversely affecting normal operation of other associated systems. The primary coolant cleanup system specifications are chosen to limit corrosion damage and scaling in the PCLS, LWPS, and IU-related equipment.

There are no technical specification parameters identified for the PCLS or the LWPS cleanup loops.

5a2.4.5 CLEANUP LOOP CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION The cleanup loop components are located in the primary cooling system enclosures located directly adjacent to the IU cells.

The instrumentation discussed in this section continuously monitors the associated PCLS/LWPS water with 1 to 10 percent of the cooling loop flow rate directed to the cleanup loop.

Conductivity instrumentation, upstream of the filter, measures the conductivity within the PCLS/LWPS. Differential pressure instrumentation connected to the inlets and outlets of the filters measure the pressure drop across each filter. pH of the PCLS/LWPS coolant is monitored.

Flow and pressure indication is also included on each cleanup loop to monitor proper function of the cleanup loops (i.e. no leaks/malfunctions).

5a2.4.6 CLEANUP LOOP COMPONENTS See Table 5a2.2-3 for the list of primary coolant cleanup components and their functions.

The primary coolant cleanup components are designed and fabricated in accordance with the codes and standards listed in Table 5a2.2-3.

5a2.4.7 MAINTENANCE AND COOLANT TESTING Filters are replaced in accordance with manufacturer recommendations and ALARA practices.

Ion exchange columns are regenerated or replaced in accordance with manufacturer recommendations.

Sampling and testing of the PCLS/LWPS water is done periodically to ensure that the primary coolant cleanup system components and instrumentation are working properly to meet the primary coolant water quality requirements listed in Tables 5a2.2-1 and 5a2.2-2 and to monitor radioactive contaminants that could indicate a PSB leak.

Isolating the cleanup loop from the associated PCLS/LWPS cooling loop for maintenance purposes does not disrupt IU operation or prevent safe IU shut down.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling Makeup Water System 5a2.5 PRIMARY COOLANT MAKEUP WATER SYSTEM 5a2.5.1 DESIGN BASIS The primary coolant makeup water system provides makeup water to the PCLS and LWPS cooling loops and is called MUPS.

Operational coolant loss in the PCLS and LWPS occurs gradually from radiolysis and evaporation (evaporation in LWPS only). Coolant loss may also occur from off-normal events such as leaks and PCLS/LWPS coolant purges to UNCS. The coolant may be purged if radioactive contaminants are detected in the coolant beyond operational limits.

5a2.5.2 PROCESS FUNCTIONS The process function of the MUPS is to provide controlled makeup water to the PCLS and LWPS.

5a2.5.3 PROCESS FLOW See Figure 5a2.2-1 for the MUPS connection to each of the LWPS cooling loops (eight total). The MUPS makeup water supply line includes an air-gap backflow prevention device (not shown on Figure 5a2.2-1) to ensure that LWPS water does not come in contact with MUPS water. This prevents possible contamination of the MUPS.

See Figure 5a2.2-2 for the flow diagram sketch of the MUPS connection to each of the PCLS cooling loop tanks (eight total). The MUPS makeup water supply line includes an air-gap backflow prevention device (not shown on Figure 5a2.2-2) to ensure that PCLS water does not come in contact with MUPS water. This prevents possible contamination of the MUPS.

5a2.5.4 DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS The MUPS water is supplied from the FDWS to provide pretreated water to the PCLS and LWPS.

See Table 5a2.5-1 for specifications of the MUPS water.

MUPS water meets the quality requirements of the PCLS and LWPS and requires no further treatment before being added to the PCLS and LWPS.

5a2.5.5 MUPS CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION MUPS makeup water is added remotely to the PCLS and LWPS loops, as needed, to avoid disrupting IU operations when there are no leaks or malfunctions occurring in the PCLS/LWPS. If leaks or malfunctions are occurring in the PCLS/LWPS that require significant amounts of makeup water or pose a safety risk to the surrounding area, the IU is shut down so the operators can take corrective action in accordance with Chapter 11 guidelines.

The temperature of the MUPS water is between 70 and 80°F in order to limit thermal changes to the PCLS and LWPS.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling Makeup Water System The pressure of the MUPS is greater than the PCLS and LWPS loops so that PCLS/LWPS coolant cannot flow into the MUPS piping when makeup water is being added. An air-gap backflow prevention device ensures that PCLS/LWPS coolant does not flow into the MUPS piping.

The flow rate of the MUPS water into the PCLS/LWPS is set depending on the required makeup amount in order to not overfill the PCLS tank or LWPS pool. Liquid level monitoring instrumentation on the light water pool and PCLS tank provide operators with normal liquid levels for each PCLS/LWPS. The flow rate is set remotely by opening the MUPS inlet valve. The MUPS is not designed to provide a rapid, total replacement flow rate of the LWPS or PCLS, but it is able to maintain the operating PCLS and LWPS volumes and account for partial coolant losses. The flowrate for the MUPS system is listed in Table 5a2.5-1.

To prevent overfilling the PCLS and LWPS, liquid level instrumentation is included to automatically stop MUPS flow into the PCLS/LWPS loops if high liquid level is reached. The level instrumentation also actuates an alarm to alert operators to take remedial action in case the MUPS water continues to flow to the PCLS/LWPS (e.g., malfunctioning MUPS inlet valve).

5a2.5.6 MUPS COMPONENTS The MUPS components consist of the piping, flow controllers, valves, and associated components between the FDWS and PCLS/LWPS interfaces of the MUPS. The MUPS components include instrumentation discussed in Subsection 5a2.5.5 and the air-gap backflow prevention devices. MUPS piping and piping components are designed to follow ASME B31.3 standards (ASME, 2012).

The pump(s) and pretreatment equipment (pH, conductivity) are included with the FDWS to deliver makeup water to the MUPS with the required pressure and water quality limits.

The FDWS components are located outside of the RCA boundary with piping connections to the MUPS lines within the RCA boundary that run to the LWPS and PCLS connections.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Primary Cooling Makeup Water System Table 5a2.5-1 MUPS Specifications Parameter Nominal Value MUPS Supply 16 total MUPS distribution points in the facility (8 for PCLS, 8 for Connections LWPS)

MUPS Water Quality Conductivity: <5 µmho/cm pH: 5.5 to 7.5 These values are based on recommended water quality limits from IAEA NP-T-5.2, Chapter 9 (IAEA, 2011).

MUPS Source FDWS MUPS Supply Conditions Temperature: 70 to 80°F Flow rate: 0 to 20 gpm Pressure: 30 to 50 psig SHINE Medical Technologies 5a2-24 Rev. 0

Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Nitrogen-16 Control 5a2.6 NITROGEN-16 CONTROL There is no independent N-16 control system. The radiation dose from N-16 is mitigated by the IU cell walls and shielding around the PCLS/LWPS components in the primary cooling enclosures and the administrative controls defined by the radiation protection program.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Auxiliary Systems Using Primary Coolant 5a2.7 AUXILIARY SYSTEMS USING PRIMARY COOLANT SHINE facility IU auxiliary systems do not utilize the primary cooling system for cooling duty.

Therefore, this section does not apply to the SHINE facility.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems References 5a

2.8 REFERENCES

ANSI/HI, 2008. Rotary Pumps (A109), 3.1-3.5, American National Standards Institute, January 1, 2008.

ASME, 2011. Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code - Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels,Section VIII, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, July 1, 2011.

ASME, 2012. Code for Pressure Piping, B31.3-2012, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, January 10, 2013.

IAEA, 2011. NP-T-5.2, Good Practices for Water Quality Management in Research Reactors and Spent Fuel Storage Facilities, International Atomic Energy Agency, July 1, 2011.

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Chapter 5 - Cooling Systems Radioisotope Production Facility Cooling Systems 5b RADIOISOTOPE PRODUCTION FACILITY COOLING SYSTEMS In addition to providing secondary cooling function for the irradiation facility, the RPCS also provides cooling to the radioisotope production facility. See Section 5a2.3.

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