ML102720497
| ML102720497 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crystal River  |
| Issue date: | 11/11/2009 |
| From: | MACTEC Engineering & Consulting |
| To: | Chris Miller Progress Energy Co, Office of Information Services |
| References | |
| FOIA/PA-2010-0116 | |
| Download: ML102720497 (5) | |
Text
FM 2.6 Exhibit 4c Page 1 of 5
%MACTEC engineering and constructing a better tomorrow November 11 2009 Mr. Craig Miller Progress Energy (352) 795-6486 ex 1026 Craig.miller@pgnmail.com SiJbject: Report of Petrographic Observations Crystal River Containment Wall Steam Generator Replacement Project Crystal River Nuclear Generating Facility, Florida MACTEC Project No. 6468-09-2535 Dear Mr.
MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc. (MACTEC) is pleased to present this report of our petrographic observations performed on two concrete cores that were shipped to our laboratory under chain of custody. An additional core was received under chain of custody for limited observations. It is our understanding the two cores submitted for petrographic observations are from an area of the containment wall where a fracture was discovered running parallel to the surface at a depth of approximately 8 to 9 inches. We understand the core that was submitted for limited observations was from an area where the subject fracture had not occurred.
The cores submitted are as follows:
Core Number Laboratory Number Description of the Core Assigned by MACTEC 5 21269 From an area where the fracture had occurred 2 21270 From an area where the fracture had not occurred 7 21271 From an area where the fracture had occurred Each core was photo documented as received and then saw cut longitudinally into halves. Each half was labeled with the same sample number and than A and B were added to designate the halves. As requested the B half for cores 21269 and 21270 were shipped to CTL Group in Skokie Illinois. The B half of core 21271 is being held for possible future use. The A half's of the cores were used for our analysis.
The purpose of our work was to perform a petrographic analysis of samples 21269A and 21271A and limited observations of sample 21270A. It is our understanding that you also require specific information MACTEC Engineering and Consulting, Inc.
9177 Sky Park Court, San Diego, CA 92123
- Phone: 858-278-3600
- Fax: 858-278-5300 www.mactec.com O/
FM 2.6 Exhibit 4c Page 2 of 5 Cr,stal River Concrete Core Obsevations November 11, 2009 Report of Petrographic Observations AIAC7IC Project No. 6468-09-2535 C0'stal River Nuclear Generating Facility,Florida relative to the age of the fractured surfaces on samples 21269A and 2127 1A. Sample 2 1270A was used as a control sample that did not have a fractured surface.
Petrographic Observations A Petrographic Analysis is a visual and microscopic analysis of cementitous materials performed by a qualified petrographer. Petrographic examinations are typically performed on polished sections or thin sections. Polished sections are generally cut sections that have been lapped (ground flat and smooth) and polished and are observed using reflected polarized light microscopes at magnifications of up to 8OX.
Thin sections are samples mounted to glass slides and ground to specific thicknesses (generally 20, 30, or 40 microns depending on the application) and observed using transmitted polarized light microscopes at magnifications of up to 600X.
A petrographic evaluation may be performed to identify and describe a specific item of interest such as the presence or extent of distress in concrete, or to provide ai general characterization and measure of quality of the materials being evaluated. The petrographic evaluation of concrete examines the constituents of the concrete including coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, embedded items, hardened paste, and air void structure. The examination identifies cracking present in the concrete, indications of corrosion, extent of damage from external sources, aggregate reaction, chemical attack, sulfate attack, freeze thaw cracking, acid attack, and other mechanisms of deterioration. The petrographic examination can also estimate the water to cement ratio, look for indications of mineral additives and unhydrated cement particles in the paste, look for indications of bleed water and excess porosity in the concrete, look for indications of curing procedures used and methods of finishing, observe micro cracking present and other conditions within the concrete which might give information on the overall quality or the quality of any particular constituent material. Aggregate mineralogy, rock types, and mineral crystal structure can be identified when thin sections are viewed under a transmitted polarized light microscope.
TEST RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS PETROGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS The petrographic analysis was performed in general accordance with the applicable sections of ASTM C 856-04 Standard Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete. The results of our petrographic analysis are on the attached sheets, Summary of Petrographic Observations of Hardened Concrete. Photographs from our examination are attached. A summary of our observations and discussion are as follows.
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FM 2.6 Exhibit 4c Page 3 of 5 Cr,stal River Concrete Core Observations November II, 2009 Report (?f PetragraphicObservations MA CTEC Project No. 6468-09-2535 Crtstal River Nuclear Generating Facility. Florida Aggregate The coarse aggregate generally consisted of a natural carbonate crushed rock with a maximum size of 3/4 inch. The rocks types observed included limestone, fossiliferous limestone, and a few particles of chert and/or limestone and chert. The particles were generally angular to sub-rounded in shape and fairly evenly distributed. The coarse aggregate appeared to comprise approximately 50% of the total aggregate quantity with the remaining fraction being fine aggregate.
On sample 21271, there were 4 coarse aggregate pieces on the cut surface of the core that retained moisture (and moisture in the surrounding paste) longer than other portions of the sample. These pieces are shown in Photographs 5, 6, 7, and 8. One of the pieces (Photograph 5 for core 2127 1) had a darkened rim. A thin section was prepared from the piece in photograph 7 and this piece contained microcrystalline quartz and radial silica and exhibited localized evidence of alkali silica reaction.
The fine aggregate was observed to be a natural siliceous sand consisting mostly of quartz. The particles were generally sub-angular to sub-rounded in shape and fairly eyenly distributed.
Cement Paste.
The cement paste was medium light gray (Reference colors from The Geological Society of America Rock-Color Chart, 1991). The paste appeared moderately hard and not easily scratched with a hardened steel point. The concrete appeared to have been placed at a moderately low water to cement ratio, possibly in the range of 0.4 to 0.5. Indication of placement at a high water to cernent ratio such as significant bleed channels and water gain voids were not observed.
Air Voids. Voids, and Cracks The concrete appeared to be air entrained and had a total air content estimated to be around 2 to 3%. The voids were generally small and spherical. Some air void clustering was observed around a few coarse aggregate particles. The air void distribution was moderately un-even and some small areas lacked air entrainment. There was limited mineral growth observed in some of the air voids. Calcium hydroxide was observed lining some air voids.
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I FM 2.6 Exhibit 4c Page 4 of 5 SMACTEC
- Location
- Type Alteration: Not observed Degree & Type Reaction Products
- Location
- Identification Nature and Condition of Surface There appeared to be white paint on the Treantments exteiorlr srf' of"the cre,-
Estimated water-cement ratio (based on Appeared to have a moderately low w/c visual observations only) ratio possibly in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 Estimated cement content (based on visual Appeared to have a moderately high observations only) cement content PASTE:
Color (GSA rock color chart 199 1) Medium light gray Hardness Appeared moderately hard when scratched with a hardened steel point Porosity Did not appear very porous. It took from 10 minutes to over 20 minutes to absorb 15 micro liter drops of water.
Carbonation The outer 11/44to V2 inch of the exterior surface was carbonated. The fractured surface was not carbonated.
Residual un-hydrated Cement: Some un-hydrated/partially hydrated
- Distribution cement particles were observed
- Particle Size
- Abundance
- Composition Mineral Admixtures: Fly-ash was not observed
- Size
- Abundance
- Identification Contamination: Not observed
- Size
- Abundance
- Identification Equipment Used:
Cannon EOS Digital Rebel with 50mm macro lens and microscope adapters, AmScope 7X to 45X stereo zoom microscope (with and without polarized light)
Olympus BH-2 polarized light microscope Zeiss Photomicroscope 1I polarized light microscope Aven Digital Microscope Starrett 6 inch rule SN 109000003 Note: No M&TE used is subject to calibration requirements.
PetrographicObservations,Sample LD. 21269A Page 3 of 3 Form Reviewed and Approved for Use on Crystal River Cores Project 6468-09-2535 J. Allan Tice, Project Principal
FIVII 2.6 Exhibit 4c Page 5 of 5 F 2.6.Ehibi I4c __
Pag of5
- 7MACTEC particle.
Fractures One end of the core contained a fractured surface. There were some other minor fractures on the end with the fractured surface. There were some fractures associated the chert particle discussed previously.
Embedded Items Not observed
- Shape
- Size
- Location
- Type Alteration: Not observed
- Degree & Type
- Reaction Products
- Location
- Identification Nature and Condition of Surface There appeared to be white paint on the I reatments exterior surtace ot the core Estimated water-cement ratio (based on Appeared to have a moderately low w/c visual observations only) ratio possibly in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 Estimated cement content (based on visual Appeared to have a moderately high observations only) cement content PArXSI:
Color (GSA rock color chart 1991) Medium light gray Hardness Appeared moderately hard when scratched with a hardened steel point Porosity Did not appear very porous. It took from 10 minutes to over 20 minutes to absorb 15 micro liter drops of water.
Carbonation The outer / to 1/22 inch of the exterior surface was carbonated. The fractured surface was not carbonated.
Residual un-hydrated Cement: Some un-hydrated/partially hydrated
- Distribution cement particles were observed
- Particle Size
- Abundance
- Composition Mineral Admixtures: Fly-ash was not observed
- Size
- Abundance
- Identification Contamination: Not observed
- Size
- Abundance
- Identification PetrographicObservations, Sample I.D. 21271A Page 3 of4 Form Reviewed and Approved for Use on Crystal River Cores Project 6468-09-2535 J. Allan Tice, Project Principal