ML090680766

Comment (2) of Mary Osborn Opposing NRCs Draft Environmental Report for Three Mile Island License Renewal Application

ML090680766
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	02/27/2009
From:	Osborn M - No Known Affiliation
To:	Rulemaking, Directives, and Editing Branch
References
NUREG-1437
Download: ML090680766 (32)

Text

UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20555-00.o N) 1

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FRmerS Ridicule NRC An M a),1 Probl s Note

/ ApkN' NAMOSKI not going to stop."

Witer Some farmers 'Mid they found more animalheald. problefs

, -e, who has studied farm nnmal problems Inthe lliree during te nucleartplant's normal operation than after-the acci-

- *,j.':nd area since 1976, says the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory dcnt.

"din' d ay in of reacontironina They are conccrnied About the possible restart of ThilUnA, I, the

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'tH~eleased animal *t-ud,,

..:undamaged reactor.

ohe restart wll be dcbated tor three or furr Ný*,C conicluded-in its study thatnriindecenlsd r010ifotlths In hearings Weore the, federal. Atoutlc Sk~ety and' qg2P& i~ diseaes"-J not radiation fromn the.March 1979 nuclear Lljccnsing Boa-rd.

4eýA r t h moI likl casOfaimlhat roks hy put It into operation again, we'll probably hAe themsme RC dt!'id not ace any'of the animals. They had no tissue and trouble with our animals," maid Charles Conley, an Etters farmer,

IooA samples." Lee said.

A disability among steers. seems to be the most common pre-

"iz *iM3ed that the federalagency 'copied down whatI had then accidcnt health problem. Lee said they all had "multiple fractures,

• dd..;~xplain it away. They~talked to the i~epartrnent ofAgricul-waterlogged bones, and muscle deficiencies. They get. down, and of-,aid there were no problems (with farm animals). They they Just can't per up." All died, home within a few days, while

-O-tertc~d :Agriculture whohaks conslitently covered up every-others lingered for several months.

Conley lost three of theftour steers he owned. Vance Fisher, also

-T564,Collins, dtputy director of the NRC Thrte Mile Island of Etters,losthfive steers, with fourof them dying before the nuclear eIa.rný Office.in Middlelown d

said he hAd no comment to make on accident.

' r_ itcium of the study. lie added that he had no part In It and Fisher, whi Is Conley's brother-in-law, said he knovwsof at least

• -ftA-

.ýv.was made by N1RCstaff menibers from Washington, D.C.

five fanners in' dit Etters area who each lost four to five steer,.to sai d the NRC "doesn't explain how come the farmers who the crippling condition.-

." i-ned for35 to 60 years suddenly become sloppytarmcrs and Fisher has lived In the area for 50 years, and Conley for,67, and bqr ne-.the animal problems.are just within a five-to 20-mile both say they never saw this ailment among-steers until 'W went

. c-a TMi."

Into operation.

.idthe study`Is full th.senebulousstacements 'i likciy, At the farm where she lives, Lee documented breeding problems e

It hly.! Iris very very unstable as far as any assurances of for five years-. She defines a problem as a cow wO did notcooccive ir'img t beiingaallright because there's no way they can know.'

after It was bred at least three times.

i`

s sMtudymincludes animal problems that occurred durinRg the They numbered seven among 48 cows in 1975, four among 44 cows ta t'- normal operation before the nuclear accident as well as in 1976, four among 39 cows in 1977, six among 43 cowsn 19.78, and

,-s aJter the aqident. Collins said, ý"We have not made any one (bred five timcs),amorg 45 cows in 1979.

~e-~ -i,

-ia"iOn:

pribrltohe accident," and. he is rwot a*Are

ý of any Id Ie

-blrig the farm In the year before the accident, *Lee sid,

• th did..

-"Reqprouction problemsahave increhnsd rom 5 to 10 pece*t..:This.

eeg

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','hs Ihcd and. worked. on an fa*in has been.in the nic family sice.the earlyr 17006s It"is, I My -fa, Mown'ned by, heiliterhnd broiher-i*naw, dan iiid.federally and state inspected with a high rating."

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ishe'r.

Aii.1976 shebgan to docinucnt animal problems Since the accident, "reproduction among ducks has fallen drasti-

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ann

• "bcuse I felt our farm had more than our share of cally. You should get 10-14 in a ne-sr. Now fouris the most, and some s and s locked in the birth channel."

ducks do not have any duc,-in(s," she said.

1sjt a(ccounts from farms before and after the accident, her While farmers can find no explaniation for many o(the problems, Wzr e ventually Included 15 other TMI area farmers who listed Lee and other area residents attribute the steer disability to the Se.-bi'.ncd deaths and healnth problems among their animals.,

chlorine discharge from TMI into the Susquehanna River when the IEf Pthl&tTaý-

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• ~ AIRY ARM7IN

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.1-4 3/4 By Chr is N For,- T-h eG-`eater'r yporCllmshei Photography ByyCarlos Richardson For The Vermont* Yankee Decomissioning Alliance I

TRADES ~

COUNCiL o j

C, 4:p 4

IntroductionI~.:t'P*444<4 4

So etm in 1984,3/4 Uni

1. 1o-5

-ea tracos i

ceue o

completion.4' How mih hs,4444coe4ylbafce b

h ecorspeec?

aiypo

regad, he acidnt t

Thee

ileIslad, s

aluke a

ragdy tat

~llnot e

rpeaed pesu abl becase"the uclar ndusry as earnd fom tat ncient ow o

peven suh mihap inthe ut r6 But e rr~ly no ned t

cie "icid nts-suh a

TM inorde tofin reaon o

far or o

r halt an safety.,.4

>444,

Mildred, yvn and-Ai.

,4 syc ar'Ž-sites bot reiet ofHisd le N

wHa pshi T

e live

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~

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~3S~444<4 a.-A 4'4444dsacejo) ahýthro teN rhied od hc prlesteC i~etctlv

-Wihi two' mie of<. each'4 sistr>

s ho e,

th 64>4ga at Vermo t Y ne ula P

w n

a of 98 M

"ide also fame for a~4 tiewt e

ubn

,ýebeleeieelteýosrcinJed co mu iy'as nH 1

cl".sý Hain ak'eSj ere in

affars, Mided

eve, or-hre4c nso-Selectm44 n'

cont 4444-tow 4-ideyi,,>'< rattlxetiK ejt'zL4" 9.4ý 77'AŽ.45 h

n.

.r~rgoa.y prsnl foia b

ok irt Somnetvimewe-ind 1984 abUnitj

1. 1o ebokin 1150r megawattnuarreactors I

is scedththedu soieds wforll competio HoweIit) miht thossbeconsqueesf living clos bybsafctd he rectorse presence9 t n Mclanypeopwer.

44

• .i,* 4"

interiwwt idedZwa~P~

ý;-il d3/4 A'k M.,-

kk when' Ver mont Yan'kee'r-was,Ands we went. Andhe,.wast even there He" J

,','v,"was atatfundrdraiser We were really tinsute j

'.t f eightyears we ve-.been.here,:*'

thinktthatthisman would takesixp

time, Ihave lived in Hinsdae eall:.bUt.,

,.. and practicallyorder us to meetwit him on t he, lif Il i-be 60 next montb~h:.:.*,;!*.!:i:**,:;'p~ro6b.lem.r

-and - thenn.::.o~t ;eve e h

t here.

.TS ~e:- !.,

i

VermonptnjYankee. right now 9

?.:.'-

Director of,Public Health' aynar lieIwould 'asyabout,2rmil-es-theeas h

wll:-as. Governor..ThOmsoh s Aid-ris. rightoutsi de the windowi Frederick Goode. They told yus-"Tfhe-r*'soling is north,ofuisand just on the :',to woryabout;.nothing...So IMasked ire How man-y people-have, ded.iwiw, -'are h

suspect thatVero-nt,:Yankee-s

. "p,,ercentages.- in' Hinsdale.versusthe rest of the'

'ing som*

• kind ofeffecton the "tate irom can eer" He. told us :thle *uh 9h igher percentage-rate of deaths' fr cancer in'

,that so.many" people ar und"

,.iCheshiere Countydhanthe rest o e state.So 1 cancer all oa's"udden It saidr,.-'.We re only interestesd.,in 7'*w o'

Hin~sdalerand Wihdhesterr.

fmal..

-Cal6

-T heh,..

pQecent;ag of Cheshire.

.Couty.

t ng.IKeibnigan 6t,

.['a*g*e.:, owns,,

• !.,;i

,'it seemed that :-sections. of onyhvn er~

-n othe

-agetows--

J ig f iy iercaisjp W., l*- y'bf 6rak, it-dowbn. by/-ton-,9. H ale-4e'r eýWbc,betoo and :Winhehster.1-Firbtagainst th~e count hen dlheard'from' a ag*aist.the;state*and then irt*.thecointry9.

.(name withheld)-that thyroid "A "d "he said., "Oh, yes," -- h'- \\6e uld,* 'get that epidemic 'proportionsrin this done:d But. they haven't yethcome up w t

People -wer~e,-,gttihqg leu6kerhia'.

informhation.

r

,Also-niri als -. Whoever

".Governor Thomson came through " Hinsdale ii'dying of cancer? But all ofa-later, when he was running: for governor agaih.-

d hear,. Somebody would take

'And he:said, "Well, Mildred, are you still-having to the vet, and find that it had..

trouble -with cancer in Hinsdale?"

Ana:I siai,

-mind"'-bioggli, g-andryou. would.

Moreso than ever." He said, "Oh, you worry too iell how come?

'u. mch." And that's all it ever amounted to.-: But-by n this' 'startd, happ~ehing?

then, things were really beginning: to -show up.

years ago...

Cattle Were aborting, and later on it got to the point Id make it-1975, or thereabouts.

that a 'lot of calves were being born deformed.

ele..t.en.frbm Hinsdale and

,Before the atomic plant, it was a rare thing for

this.over..-We didn't like what peb*ple to have cancer.

Even after the atomic d wanted. some answers.

We plant was built... it's a gradual.thing that's qor Thomson, and made an increasing all the time.

id all. of a, sudden, we were We tried - - the Town Clerk and I - -to go o go on the day he specified, through the deaths, because she herself has had

ý~ace,i "was. of

>7localit'y, and 'tha't

'and

'bone cance

'h.*, ard of an anima sudnyu-wouil their. doig -or. -cat-,

l

,.:.,,eukemia I:!:t

,was>

start~wondce ring',ý,

Chris:ý Ca o

a he Mildreld :-,It startedicqabout.;si Chris:.'

Sik$years ago wou Mildred.:-Ye's:..So the S Wihch*e ste talked'

.was,:going on an contacted Govern appointment.

An almostordered-t

-'.. ancer. Itbecame a -curiosityto see if we could determine. the deaths in. insda e-- and their..

causes; from say *ten years prior to thepatomic*

.plat up to, ithepresent.- time.,.,ut deaths are'j writtehnup. imedical terms and neither one of us;

,.,:.can. read. the Ja r Chrs Bt an Increase, an~ 60'

-;cancer ;-is evident.

I Mildre*d:, ThI doct who, 'madej ths

-very statements

ffies,

,t -obcm ulc_6uiIa reue t eo

'~~~~ aotit'ý ifayone goes,<

to him "and assh -bu~

utsaehs ea ndnt eput ori thelspot.l ý,He seems to, know that ti is, what'sh btn bcdy

.Ywantsto:: be' :ut de6fe6 n d the0ir positi~onth~r.,':oV o,,d6o pro~ve it?.

keteowii4tasý,h h in e farm Sta ou 91see.

aqoss riA

.,sale; and. a'- loa Vriiiaian.put a do.(wn paymenit Mildred-., They-deny it.-- Theykeep'their mouths shut. 3They ".

know., 'som'etningls).ýýWeonhlqujte.

4 onPsa an-in.

n..

f.h"e' S"t iate' closes theni d6own, -i* o!s life inth,,!er~ be

~

th'ey

,_~h yi6

-0 Ci hesas gicomeupor'youi

the.,laIfe a

.ears, thatseems strange:

wg 1~'-Mildred-I remember corn that, was growing over h e r e

the leaves wereall blacknd fuzz-,

nur-eighborsjust south,of us-iad-it~

a lot-u'

"'b r t

,t,sd d t bad-m thatno s.oneh.e' ha

'.,~

~

ýre.

s~

7

.Kseen77 7

it'

~

~

ci tha hapn to, the, con

~ Mildred 2Th' t~lovrheeasAnd thenj

-' ~

~

aý u~7'ui-&46.-.47*.ea.

'7'.,.7'A

~.-

7Ainstead,`c!

in rp te~e asr f otms

-4.....

h hukin hr~ okrnals We u,.sed to-

.. see'.thdtF'Oce ih r Ii irattw hilo, "ýbU't

ýýdit was a lot 7

4

_"~rahrf~ -than-i s.o'-

'~'",,ja~ejromfrmr thtaehvn uruble:because' r S

f:- ihe atomic plant. 'A.nd he with.few his*dOn

ýpayment.

Chris: `:eBe'fore'"4we yu go on,.are-

thereany.

spcifji Mildred:,Well!- my,.siiflr, Anni* Fb"*ic ha

am gt

,

~ ~

r~hmh :'hIin:..

'.:£;fl*m

'at*

i}ii'b*)!:iJ**:

b'~teroad 'and I~'~

'r?&h~at s,:happenedto'b-h'.

cattle.

e.

Chris.

So. tel...uch.asyou want,*to eabob"tit yb',ur sJisters-p.ace, W. a wt,, h

,n

!ds If the

.S

`ha`p'pened" problems; mainlyý with "cow's?

Mildred

.e, ad. cats..'t*te yVe.hapnd & o, tof re*ebarnc wee 'dig-all ove h lc Now a ilot of them

'a're,'brn; one, eyed. So'me ofthe calves were born

-- thatý'Were n-"ot right Ni~

MoKAst -of, them:.~i were' bor dead and de~formed She s'fam,,

-.hernlife We had, a, farmthat]

u we -we*re bcrou u

ht osp

'on* -armihg*w:as-'

othing new. to herT.hisas

'8i7~

hi

_'ht~a never n~a rie'ddib7 her'b~fdre. '

~ ~O dlbs:a~e*Z2 ydJ'kbov,.a7cv would&lose if, a,:

butnot",1ik6..*they had<7, Vprobl~eins:.th chdedi'of cocrý 'vetkddwith o.ne woni~an, that~

.V-i.-,r:"k'*:

(n'i-¢.2sa

~ o wor the shop withm*ea*me w

ih.d)'.

cancer. and-

.he'ge.-

6u

• mention that

because w.e-ja ha.* a ii,

'th.atdie.f,..:- '.I thisweek rmcne se iftatTd" te ý;l y

'e heard and,she i

-ib aAnd si h

-ti--

-Iveherdthat ýthey otaýZhers.iuagn OYý7,;'*

c a i

up.

• iii::

~ ;ee itheclmu 7 n-facýt"thdý-ey re*,ii nervi ewe'-by-

.so.me..

newsvpap e-r -and' he rn i anw%7r S..

vehemently denied-that therewaseany problem in Vernon ". think it's "ronitic thaefwithi**

n anytethe'had passed away with t oicer Again soie

.t4he -town y

Vernonti5 petrfe ad some. o the r nts are slowly`mov*-`b

l.

inJg obeut. ýnTh area p" eoplewho*ý ia will notwvisitlatives thatl n

V'"erntoneutheywn d th-wntto knge thabout frclose" 77'.

ý tothe tatomic4 p'lant

. '.' ",'Baefor "firta:@}hh.i hnave!

• tithe eirbee'acyaohrd?

'C ri 7" 1J~o

,7 h-7 7h7' 7' 7177

~'cues fore your concern abu Vemn Y0,~e T '

Mildred:.'."I uca'n stime theres been ashodaway thoey'l imme iately say itrwas notemiuhl tCoteinda gers

' anyonmeth at it was below the oleve wand soforth.

'.Whratthe, majority of poleae o aware. oJ.' is,

'that'rho* matter how--smal 1he r~leaseý if it dot into, your 's-ystemh itWs, the~re`pe'rm'anently" It's-hot going'

'to'g 'o'awayi I tý stays th ere 5.0b a ny ti me -th ere's: a rees and -anyone. has, goptten-it, --it, stays.I' th~ereY'c. Itkeepsaddn -and adding.

_Chris:

I there 'anythiing else thtpeo'pleshudbawr of, that'do-now ýo~r ýmay' some ay, be. living nearan opeatng nulerpbbrplant?' Is there any -thing Ie 5e'that.O'U wo u Id W~fi h 6m' to know about from

"ý6ud own expp'i'rinc? -

- Fir'- people who might

,ave to deal,~t~n 'h~ti hi backyard?

Mildred:' -If. you ca'n' stop5 it,-stop it-Youwshould'always stop it. ' The 'd'ang'ers' from 'themh will continue years

.after tlhey're buried. If we can stop just one more.

from.,co'ming in, it will help the whole world.

pivae tatit ~was, that,. ýdamnedatomic:

,.plant.buttheywould not admit't*i'npubcic u

Y0.

could contac anyý of the-vets.*iand"tlhe' 2 would not

'go. oin record Fina a I I lly

i. ser. aeh nd'ed' hf'the State:,of New Hampshire come down to.'look-atwh twat.s' h appehing, an d'corme up with 'a reasohnfor allI'of-it._

When the'y did 'come they 'were so' be ligerent "that:they.!thr~ef ed.toclos0eitlie fari.:-i heyýs'aid if

-was because*'*Uhsanitary- *bhditionhsand,*s.,forth_,:-

thariy sisteir washaving all 'her tr'ouble' Now, 'the, iheOr dairy farmers around

'ehere, "h"y won't admit to, anything going w'ronig. But they're.

all.afraid!. Is the' State going to. come and.:cIose,-:

themdown if :this becomes public knowledge that-they're., having deformities and so forth?

Chris:

Are there any 'other dairy farmers who have spoken directly to you about any problems?

7 -

i,,,.-

,riverjtnat.tne

-. Annhie %;, Ilt'isi *in aX direc..

e-eat so,

-C-hris § "o-ln ha Ann...e.-

OhT-w~leve bsi**

Long' ec-ue b,3efoer...

• Cb-is.:-!',::.,:

Was.~ *, here au

-you.:ewere fe

-Yankee~s.:op

• 'in'he beginn a.,big';mushrc

-pla'eý- becau

..wel.ý,whate-v hit t,`ha8t':and

,thOlugh t-,gee "wish ei

-ma7fjsV e

• i-- maple,,treesrI

.l~

Th ey...we re -p jtIIIIk Inter viewAhni.e. Fosty 7t UU c t s

f m.A n n-...

.b o wt em nike

, s e to 0O e side '-of iteanyw.

ire right 'how?

,i w

d

• ae~a*¢*"

i* !{*"*~ulci)st*"::. ::: :

r',.:-

the' ln ::0Ah :*i

~

t:..:

N it' sd,'o a

l...wasro a

.-er le,-:

altmie*tt rig.twacrosse the Satomi*

p ant:,

rChrs-Wres that.you, notices. fir.st it' ad*:*

i~

e a

>hS'id{,easoft' the-No, v~iffe'roe~t~idesd-.1-ia lot-of'. things t,

about.itlikefor

,n eýJir1 s tpl b'n, thi sidii:e pf'6rey,,,. -

n sie,'.ý

M ý'

Wl e

-'b iacd. qdt]::!6".,f~*r *e i

ks

ý,w t

"fthe win rom*. ermontuYankee' atchies-dtcw dola washand hang i

t out.--ot there,-

tlh:ý--The w,ýind 'usually blows-south-bten'h ols and the-bari 1, had a-n hisu farm, the" iquIckest hs ine n

t l

e hem overnigh te, eyers.,.'.

.r~,

.en k"iqs~ee.

D*n thi-os:

aiked-itatad

-a" ou:ive Iil:eyr;w& r.perfgi'tle thooem*-aunicet foreshsml W ell b

iste thapened toin

&enher fr 5 sme dd eas

-be~a~ig tethat wase kind;,wa -f'a

-;pqpand atomcpahaei especially' th'dQwhit mateIawsalppprd

-,tirhewhenas**oeufirst suspectedathat -

'likes l w eithblack

.ou Cowuldt saytherelwere spoth

.lice' gMtle§mn*

m effes frm ornt of' becbause sh ve waerso o

Theiyet'wasdwjrestonepp ered; Oratio rin

.ryou knowodustd le hadobeeyrnyttings Oh fikeah'lAs, htok yer hfor in-Iu.-sed to hink itwasq qbuite p'retty

.y so,'weyeha quite asot of pro blems bwi te

.y morningwhen I'd ge0t: uplfwitslike cows aefore clvs*

c right upthesre.reight up oVer.your gChreis:es Y.otuhahae oetat herd piobflm shilkin g'-ihcows'v se;-theihssteam you kHrnow was arising Annie Woldrthem Arrfia-s,notice ntaonehn iss wron yor attle?

r m, I' n' i was

.the steam

-is:

LHot big y rs herd say, seven iears agot ?,

becnomino up in-rheeast, andwoua Annie:

Aboutn w70s, abo.

40 milking" nThe. others' were it-woulnwdtea leuy teo a pretty' sght and yo ung stok.

e

dt1enhaty, waspeitoe Now,e. o kind C h they wrer-a ll healthywe everyg said ith ut. you

bknow, lot if r

An nieyO knehadag place we fed them, outinge djust Itopand look you'd see-tafi

'b Acoftebr-We'd iput them ot tfed Out igr,p~us he riryh~W a

t~eAdif there was snodw ýon the'gruqn'd, you righ ov rint f&t'of the hueWe:

- wol see th ýsnow lust pepp Iered up, just like my ase dwnin i~l~tio'yersclothes-were...

And~th cws-,walked in that; and

&'fcty eath~

6 fse9

-t'heir hooves s'tartedl, with. h 6of rot:-

between the

..were,- old, bu5t-thjwere perfe'ctly-hooves wduld get sore; with blisters;,they'd drain,

.the las8t-couple,.of:ýypýars.I ýNow I'm smell.

We had one' cow, :we dlidn'tý sell. her

.'notice, the,,ý g

y oun40es out'in front of because she was old. They.et had workedl on her

/ev gtone lr~dy gt o om feet so ma ny:timnes that finally he took one half of ar -

'her h'oof right off -

-it was_ 'oing up the bone! We

~ming down--be'fb

-1 " -irne got that 'before ts~a'fite.u h

e.W

'c~s~h6 ear'the, young trees -that

'had others that had p'blems with'their hooves.

ieesincethis-thiiig:-has*started.

Chris:

How long ago did' you 'first-notice that you were is to -th& trees?,.What do they-look having an abnormal number of, problems with u first-,notice thtsmtigis, wrong your cattle?

Annie:

Last five years or so.. And as it started, it kept egin to turn. -Thej don't grow as big getting worse, and, we-kept. noticing that it was Yuknow, th'e leaves 'used. to be

• worse and worse. We had-a fenced-iný space for

'id-then they begin'to get yellow and the first-calf' hei fers -'ithey were outside all year Jdrying, and the branches get brittle, round.

And you know,. some of them wouid get

.'healthy.uti b

::: eginn5ing, to.

. thei: barn..,V 1dow'n this ýye Chris So they're qcO Annie Oh yeah",:: be we-plný:t Chris:

-What happer

.likeR when yod with them?..

Annie:

Th*

ieaves'b as.[they-daid.

great'big. Ar Scurled up anc and. the next thing you know, you got a tree sitting

burhes on their backs, aind we' thougtat first referredý to th posble' lin k' b etwee the

'R ught Fos e

h'.ostyc ýs,

,maybe'.it '.w.as ring 7worrmy 'It WbUld'be',iike a war~tb ow pr m

i,-rxm teir bac

-k'.the size of a qluarter or~so -

and we "Th at'5s*a bsclee~pin

~

shud't-b.Iw

-.,,thou6ght -that mye,,it was-te ýweather. And then Scientifically',-^of course. F, coujldn t-prov'e it itt,ýutir'ý

' \\-f we.-,ott tem it,,an'd'theyd feshen, they, wouldn~'t 7Kenoughý, ý.,qusb..

h fa-qetn in -my-mind. concerning. Verhot-

-atlike

-theyýwer-e-a;'ll,ýright -ýThey dprance6 a~nd,-

.an kes e;,.

n--hebstycks(.trobubles-t athaLctiIý thi fe ohrdte We.hdalto shoud~ deinitiely,be.,invetgtd

~Chis~:Ok~ s tey oul prnc inothr

~

e'en,here since 19032"fifty ryears ýago -A d go thy oldb nrou o thi,et hat wol (

'rj od Pwdhdthose problemswe efrt be g sin.t'o q`youjha~ft' th~ey ýv e stre we neverng ha be werew r oa-itn

~~

t ohe sinsdid y~ou-qnotice-, i~itheirrbehavior tha t

aebeen, ablet~aei Id

-th'ey,-weren1t-w lastth Sv ýrld Say,~. s been e~y.~

~-nnie Mp'ey;:v 1S6?i~bFth

ýfd~e

ý-,f ou

'ouh'

-t'got to be--ooW-muchior~usz with-usetn-

_,,rmWbjyuk hyNee'

'sold our cows~ in peme.

ý I'

be'~ad 12, heifers~lift'-~~

--Chrs----Tebll-me-ýabout ".,lout or'in.

Cw that are in) the 4 J'

~'

kio'(yhasomntako eadl<i-b a~rm~'nýa lotf the, timne will sho'w you that they wan)t~

~

~

~

m gtting, so sick of it~ b'cý!ause it s,.

to getg aut by puhn at-thygte u"

a

~

~

n

_'-ni

>,pptdorn goodc yo knw; Theyyve-dod-caar But, after-a-hile-t6ey i n't ce if they-'

'b"-

tee"'-

itbd,4 di youngo-thvert-herje a'nd~f the eletctfric'rates 8re,- go'ing t'a,.y~u-)g he[p out-yu.had togo.

ý_

~

~'up -

an wat, do you get~or it., Nothing ýbuta adbingthem i 'he olr coninnthr'.

>- -- h'd~h 1eutgt

$6,000 milktakWye qw~-

ou-ko te-jstddntc~6-

"'0 m!

c, n eago b niki q'Pachin t d~s We y

o'avmleln Chris:

':HoW.,.a'bout food?.,: Would they lose their inters

~

o-ikn qimn l o oi tur te.switch-.

?,

a

.'b od'-frahl n

f orebc

~

v--adstart,,milking'ý-if --youyexgot anythiingtomil

• te esAd hydgivet tem -thisadthydj everythijng: else, ýwe-could t do it

-:' givel them that rIt -really: got bdaothree years Chr'is...-... Are-o awr f any ther-'amr~i teae

-'go-

"ehad tw vet wokn n

rm-'

h-hv-adroublessila-tyur7

- Bratteboo, Gerd -

.,..,nan dn~rm'-

Anrie

-They've;- hadý-it--dw beo I

-,the'farm. down~

Amherst, Fred:'-Hess.-,-HeS favidcmeill t~~

wayrell a

~

n~a~

§ below (name withheld) He shad calves-.,thw~i r-wy PHewasralwokn born `debad 1and.h'e !d thfro,w them ou

-h"

!d wit u

- ~

K

~

---ay~dut'-thereýkinbacký of the barn.- Av whoe:pilpof' Chri ~Asyou witnessed all these-pysical Tprob w~'ithi-

-- ~-te-ysrn ie, y~u-~os -Iat'thi~et ad egswer,~je;-

~ ~

-,T-The n therest te :family over ýin Ve'rnon -whose a and ýwer& et;.Otfin

-o-Th'bearing--

~deformedt

ýr n-'~Cows-got sb3/4 sick,,but the bld man said--it,-wasn t calves and.so 'on'wadiyontcebut-

-possible that he ýatomic,,plant was-doi git tothem,,

ther il podctin"----~-He, died of cancer: eventually anyway,,

Annie.

Moto hmdopdYu've got to, expect that if

'There

- ->ý_.,:

-~'>hre aplace up here in Wnhse thydnbat, and tJhe dont'ee~good;--y arher thy2o',

f~

- -cross' ftrom: er e'shad alotof problems'"-,,

no

ýgin o milk We had'one or two co'wstac

>~-

Y-'-n~e~enfgtn ttobtIgesh in

~

dropped-dowN6-to nothingq no..resu A--.

-Qhis->~Bceiitl~feshened,:-cows2 wgtri-esls'-

'-Ar~'~iYsAn in a~e,ý4 gatr~f-l eeeks they wan to mention An sý r~ :'attý')'d I`ý,ouple w eks teyd be, Annie 6Gttn bakto those.:sp'ec~ks.on -the-clothes

-dootonmik atf'al:.".-W'dV6get the vets up, here.

My, sobn h;

e; had corri'down in1 the mneado6w, by the ar~d theyd chck te cos ou andtrea the forriver When..he wý cti~i aei te-year, he -

this ;arnd treat themn for that. Dr:-Heýss over th'ere i'n,,-

ntcd o fspcso helae t okda Amherst, he's "more. up on newer medications and.i-otha.alnonte.Hesi ht eoeh h'd; wor -onhm He. c~ame:,up th ree-or four ws hrug his windsh'iel was al :covered wkith times and-spent -maybe five, hours each. time -An tasufto they -had -blown off, the leaves. It's

.-histiaeheraily'he'd find-soriething~to'bring thir-.

heebt

'a' o~~~~~~t~~ ofe itt w-htboic fsbnakhf

-weu putting it there,- and",how it's~put.

- tey i~e oiheseheay antbitic wecoldntt hre;,- I don't knw.

shfip weutx:othat e,

miek.-

-nib t's-weCtddht hiris';

-is* here a'nytAhing els that yutinkipeo'ple should ti btr W

W'ýd h a v6*-t.idt hrow t;be awr f who imight so'meday-l'ive. near. an (Dr. Hessihellbed the Fostycks cope With, abnor~riially,high,

-operating, nuclear-power plant?

.incidences of the following 'patholgiies.-.,in---their, cows:

A-Ann ie.

What can-I-say? They'll have to wait and, see* and deformities,, M.iscarriagies, tumors, twisted,stomnachs.' hoof,

-find:otlk i!O, o'

nw.--

rot, lethargy.,poor milk production; and,ýbr~eeding4~rpObiems_-. -

Chi Hs-it bejen an' asse~t'to youlin-any way?

He als'o-tre~ated their.'barn cats, many, of,wh.ich have died Ann'ie:

.No.

-1 haven't'got any privileges of lower rates or quite suddenly--in recerit~years after-exhibiting-soine odfthe.

anyth~ing.-

symptoms that have manifested, in the Fost'ck's cows.: 'Inva Chris:

Well, thanks a lot, Annie.

phone conversation with Dr. Hess on January.31, 1982, he Annie:

It's all right.

\\'

PAgIOa 4

.4 4

condlusiom

~-

It g

s acce~pted-asfact by6 1 e alla rside of te nuaclear contro earpower.plants..emit a~dioactivesubstances~

routinely

ý,Iniclud'ed-on eve~ryone' litfteerdiistpssione11I 1'31)

.A~iltho u g h.d*nnyiohe*iiacive

'elements'are also onntinually e dIqitedfoýcus heron-'.h -131 be'cauise it its

eSknow ttd*us hyrodid. ýcancer. :,.It i:{

ien;mulaes atifhd:"of the "food ch' ainin' C1ow,'s rml asw'bwells-ihk

.atriik..A:frigihteingasuccession i

bbIl then o,'nýce 113

.. !.1i k~j,as ýý as.!h u a ntrob-du ced: dbw'w s my ilI k confaminat'edr,"w~ith 1-1`81 h.,

d I.-rOnk b

ms ot:

nlyto belod ed in~t~

fiohes'hyri~,

utalso~ll~,~i2~1t~'ep~assed hrdugh~e

.niýtothe'-

ursinu g infant wH. because of%,his§"orher rapidy ivid ingrcel"ls is"many.....-

ti..mes susc'e,tibleo*t.

iadtion induceda. ca:hcere than th,-e-mother. And* thissays nti aotheeffect o the -d

, its ffspri*n*g!'.,br.ý ny,

i ;elife,'i forim-sAhat.:eortbutedt the ion of 1

Gould" the t

in* y i.unts (w ith ntable e x yetidis2) o

ý f_.

,,jroutine*ly carried "by the wind to h

_:`

i:`'

t l-fr m thIuce r to(."

Fo)styck a

the r:est`--f Hin'sdaleo from rathe n a p r p, ip vn e

r iver, be qlinhked tot he o#styckfaiJrm animraIs'.:iabnor.maitHes te aHinsdalgs butbreakof thyroid*ca**c*er,-

ided Zywna'S

,pecific ~

~

~

~

9, codmaino h

la~ustry..&,c aim?

"--no, anger to the hublic" is§,p.~tdby; many,-.pom i nent s'`,sietists;- D.'H ein*ehe n1.dicot,:ieinet ped atrician teacher,,and adoat.otvorfd.*-

1' art nament slys If you glet ttleeam but tsffred ati er rji1etime,itsapppro'ximate lythe'same.

3seting on'*,e large doseaton:ce:

. Inoýth erwords, ;it's,,cumeulativeb the effetsaddtive"' Dr.

iCtldott Sointsouit:th*ehazardfrom 'even-asnglesmall dose-.:

W"hethernatural or humami-made,- al radiation is"dangerous There isno.safe. amount of radioataive.

'materia oýr dose of radldti.

Why? Because, by virtueofol e nature of t1 ebibological"damage dondeby ra'diation, it takes only"ohe 'radio~active atonin lland he*geneto"hitiate the ý'cancer'or, utation "4ycie. Any exposure-ad1all therefore constitut~s -a. serious..*a'ie withthe mechanisins of Iife.4 q,,.

,y.

ex.pos..

u.re. -.-

iii"--,v:::*.,",

Footnotes 1.i:"'Radiation Alert Fact Sheet,"' published by. Environmental Policy' Insijtute, 3.17 'Pennsylvania Ave., SE., Washington, D.C., 20003. It-

• gives a partial list of nine radio-isotopes routinely, emitted from nuclear power plants.

This information. Was. corroborated by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in a phone conversation on February 1, 1982 with their office in Bethesda, Maryland. (301-492-7000).

Routine emissions of 1-131 by Vermont Yankee was verified by Steve St011; Di rector of Communications at the Vernon plant, in a phone conversation on February 12, 1982.

-- 2.: 'Malfunctions' and bOher iFac'ts.on'the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power

'Plant' at.Vernomn,* Oublished. by, vermont Public. Interest-Research Group, 26 State St;.-Montpelie'r, Vermont 05602. It cites-five knbwn ac-idental releases of radiation; all of which could and probably did include 1-1 3 1,r between August, 1973, and March, 1979.

3. From "At the Cr6ssroads," New Age Magazine, December 1977, p-ublished by New Age Communications, Inc.,. 244 Brighton Ave.,

AlIston,. Mass.- 02134.

4. pp. 34-5, Nucleai":Madniess,' What You Can Dol, by Dr. Helen Caldicott,- p.ublished 'by:Autumn Press, Inc., 23 Dwight St., Brookline, Mass. 02146, 1978.

... t,bff ort`J§s.,n ow ~lb r

y-.o* u s a ta et e~ ~ d l~ tor.-s wie,, :

tst eatisiq a

ta a avqala l~~ m ob

.-Stat'e,.:o f ew..:,

ha H e atl)D :e pa,rlm e~nt',*A. :1. -8is nudy.*

t *b *a: er ont'::., *d! t~~ *,.,

r-5 e.,- 1970-'78 AfOv6pe capi 46.co UPDATE>

une.- 1982X whili

'I'.

k~ce s

u h -,'h,s M.,

S milar.reser.ch. isnow beinqcqr-ed,.-out

'>'her accdObingrtoa%.'Eps'tyn Gldbe.Vrepobrt' Jcd 19 b

bdhave been &ausedd by.un~p

.a. keii. 1973 anid 1974."' T te'r-ti "glY, th th s~~eractor typethmat is being: %sta~ll'e 144 A....

,I,>

.in,.flMe',areaa4surr~onding1/2' the.,Main Yaný,e9, n 1cAqfro1/2'p,ia~~y (Pt" I'

44

.AA 11

~

VA.

'271"'

~'I'444.

ItIt41(P*,1.tttŽI4~Att>V4"~A.'4 AQ

'I

~'%.1"t9 44t1> ~Jf9I~

4{'-4.-' ~

I

~

I

~"'~'

Cl IF~' kIt>' 444..,,

41~~l, 41~~ (1

,t44~' ~%4.144j41.-.~,k &~~1>

..-,..t:.444 Y1.4'%'1<...

44,..

4-w..1w.-1., 44.,

~tf...4.4~lt1I1I4.~4(4.~k 1.-k1

~..

pA

,4.%'~'~'.v 9%~4Pl.-.4~ rr,,

41~' ~1*

C

4. 4~

.IA14,?~%N, 14

,~4(P44.S-%

A

, ~...~

1 S'-4"...'

-At S.4

~~1' S,

P I

~"

'C I

i4,4,.?4$~4.>1 1 ' 4

.44, 41>4

"~

.1~'.

It"'

'.1'4~9,I

A-D&c-rate Press z, ::ýAT LA NT A" D ise~ase; and. deatih.- rate'shae ise akdyna the fedeiralýSaivan~nah Riveir nuclear faciitth AtlntaJounalanConstitution reported

'ý,-!:

,ý_

AlK Therfe haebeI5acdna releases of,rad ioact ivity inqto-,the atimosph;ere si nce the I1950s, the newspaper,said

-P ciigaeprtb th Eniomna oicInstitute of Was hingto a privaegru

> ~ ~

~

~

~

~

i&b' Th Saana Rie PatondbthEeryD rt rnn an oeated by EAI u on d

e moiiurs';piroducesý a'll theweapn grd ltonu fr the nation~s nuclear armiilnd.ustry

~A~EegyDpaten poema ai~esed a thtte

'gnyha no es4n6Lo he'report.

~~"~The'J rnl' stitutionr noteta nJpeCoun yCYsuhes Aof he ln

-fntdhhc&nb~

rm2'

'pr 100live bir'h l90to2 e Q9 ni 8 TheY~tfor~th'ei'tateiWas,38:.9 per:, 00 in 1 950 arii' 1 5"&jper-A000'in:

> 1 980 Fetal deaths-7in'Jasperi County increased;b 250 lpeicrd6ffb 1950 to 1 980ý' whlhe state rat fell by morethan 1I Iaff,'

du r ing the same,period

.~

~,,~

~~~~~r~

Ga also southeast of the p Iant-, th'eh- 'ies oefo 2

itm ~r10 0~epei 1;950 tbV776-1 per'100 000in 1980_ rarteý,nar{y' fiv-ie h

the newspaper,'§aid.

'WAndinBurke Co~unity-Ga the iniec

ofcne, 6~~46 ý9 per 10,0000pe6OT6:'irl950'to 2481 ~pr10000

&IObbinr' A

P'~

1' q8~fvfl inreeGoPgi cancei~aefr thtreodesthnobedfm;7se peTr;00popef

,g

,Nuc-1ear pFowerofca dfeny cancernne,'i Deebef1r42 1979

'ý whth al nabnormaly igh" inraencne eths innegboring Cheshire C-Ounty'-NH,'

Nsreport responds to a std 'by Enosberg Fs,.,whih says there wasa 5n i hcAnderdeat hss rom 190 -71 to o1977. 78 inthe Hamp` hire cutythat lies ust across h from~ the polant :The cancer-rate :increase 'fo o.'.th",'-NewHa'--hir" utie sadMayer;;.was.2 ecn~~ls

?r,, pw j~r,q u e

s t

aid 23 eoss]*,th.

ss

,'tay etw

".t

[W~ritten by. plantsp okespersoni Stacey,*W*aer th;eorsy

,',The number.*7,*,,-'z:. of-.

deats af:fosnal t

['**..f: -*¢.,,*.::j;::..flUct uations~too gri eat.and* d.tleinem fluendes too"**;"":4

<.-.m;:

• . x,.,:% a ny**

.et een Ver...t......

"ca ce

• .even.ifit wii~

ere' possib. le to d ie :fro m th i e se. p s ch a s o tt~i m e '

Ms Weaer

,on

• ase, A's~

6W`S a&

y,,,

"'t h*t e,.o,-

a, e'*'. -'

oo--m e-4.%@

Thel repor says..

calferyeo,-isthhn heb tder Jle)edm.trician drew., frightenigcnlso frm insufficeht 'data"'.,she said.....

J"""

Ad oextentth ere, asbeenac gro*ignumberof can er deaths intheUSdurigte-pst 3.years M Wavcer

.attr*i~~b sthawtr tothe increaser in Isfeuexp a

n a

h groig um

. (

iBudt s*he ?addel ¢,i"t'ati stici ns gh~ave wane tha iis*m eaningf*les toda ondsro ubr lk hs t

'.hat~are~still wit'hin the expectedl margin of error! Tihe number of datsissml a*

10k i

~h~f~re~the V

0otuataths irsmalle drarnat'ihdc:00

" The reportt s*ai hýe rdiatin, exposu'refrom Vrm-ont Yankee includingall the, ye rsNit has ben-ope ratig would not-beexpectedito produc ie ansi'ngl asel ofrncer in thiscentuiry I.

cop ofsuso tVY s)di response)

i. i'os Th::7.:

fe pedia;tricia~n, a rmerib'er Of Physicians for Nucleariedi*

dsponsi bility;;:said hle is st'!i!b vaiting to receive. "the bulk of d'.. ancalo Sy-astcs

_d.

.statistics d ating backntO1950,frnomthe NewHampshire b o

S My. pofintwalnttoblmVrmn Yankee..

• fo"rthe >peculiarity*o~f c~ancer deaths, ;Mayer;aid.-."lt*1doks~like'there

-.was, an un usual i ncr ease that's not oc curr.i~ng iln othber ar:*eas of*New Hamshre~~g I.;lt} s i mportant fto0 loo~kat~all possi ble

.coritributin gfactors."

/)

"" -:?.

/

• Mayer said, "I'don'.t know.that anyonea lookedat thesei4igues Ief~re.That'sa little surprising."

MaYer saidhe planis tohaveithe datawyhen.vcoplte grexamined, furtherby expents in biologiOal statistics.

He saidhe did notlook tatdta for Franklin County,Mass., becauseprevailihg winds traveloeastward-from Vernon.

Dotr ife ~, 1 acn-c-,er fining

%By Thet~s~ae Prs

~~

'3~

Ata faw er er',

siismisseda'incrs l

miacses near the*lMi"e Yankee nuc lear p

s, ta st a a n ss said W ednesday Ir *:' ý ý,r ;

],

DIriD B sdireco

,f3i tt a

e ell. Paek.MemoriA sitteBf e n..

orrt o

t

,d "i an a rewmbconclusion.s inisMa re tkite etwer

"**<icnitn

-i':h"da conTtained elseawheyre 9

-"-s

.ý:,i

,,re dyshwa..-..,,,

.i.c-ea-:.

s hn-uke..nd.is theear y*

increase;f*

VAs-;--bic heal'thpoble Bross-st ateone released byit

,r'i

~~';TheMNRCamaig is r'eferendum proposal'bt'cl6 6~liWiscasset reactrn18 hprpsIyý.

J' I WI eTzh

`6 TheCO sud,'~cse o te incdnbf liemia cases inth seven counte c0ss otepatbtenl99 Whe..o t, tey comp etedt e

,studhep Bu D Wlla Ns~~idr~ector' Qbf.h'e' s'ta'te He+alth Bueau who,eeased th-&4 COGstudy',ac'all-e~d Bros assssmoent

,oanrl..t fsad-ed.edata,.

" ~B

§s aid~hb, G Di t indic ate d aA53"rped-rcen~t inraei he nuLmber o f] e ke'mpp duin teprod stujdiedrii

~~~icrae~m "d

):q**nrae

.t :man-rgui, 4statistic s comp iled.by.

X-0, examýtViWeteýhji Ij k~i,e aes'.,,,6 in tf;'a ie*d Ieemoud sb w lo 't h

'esi:

Ss oena*

• go=

c :

s-i:*'

e*'"':

rsand r

n isagr teeon whethertthe incidence of leukemia rose abovetheiiationat oaverage o9 casesper 100i 000 66!peopie' 4"0 4"

rat ol ~s es. -.wo t ii.haeen 0i~i!iiilii.';:*:'*:;:*:"-"*

r. of, c

d f i re as starteda o

'uitwer than, the nattional a'erae; d fiasel d

atabot the nadttiona 0.

avTer"age

-Yh.~u&'

cardi,agnosin irease-i )-e Bu essa admnttlY.

re ber thelatestncases becau*siethy::.aclkadequate.reor d kfeeping a

.systems and were forced to rel on saf ýmembrmeois Hdpor recors tbeenekept the*casesi.dusirnig the'.fiastftviy*fce'wuemairnsofut~hestaiedV'wo'ldi have brouht (atdhe Inuber of ca.i,theht6Aav' ag early -in 'the tdyS you wouldn~t have the apparentj rinces -'aid Nerseisia~n,;

He said r6~

was erely loki'ii' fth figue's,and ignoring _the way reco6rd room ar" et n;hefc ta physicians

,nrge sisiae roahearsk

• a

.`.*

Ief Tlbs I-esieaved rD Briss'conlusionsdt d beemores tan haipplyroesay st but Mplylsdodnth't rue; "Hersersihnsaidescthe e

-a a gntiorejhan.nDr Bross ieoff thec

,f aanalysis, d

Brosssid taw

'aysacdibleas it-might -seem.A Hedfth~e.Canceýr Branh at the -Center,for.IDisese.' Cpto.md~h~aepit, 0

-'When th ar~gbest hosia

'MieMdca et~has(al)dt o~a e t te ihrdd' a

p-.-omputerpzec othyasfrdioromhingý. th~en iyou re-sort o6f stuck -'said~r Dr, ynCalwel Cadelaree 1&A i at recent fy~ea rs' convergec 6i 6-between bserved.,and expbecteýd cases.mayreflý!ect the increasin computerization cenhtrdliz'ation and d~etaiIl

-,in mdiareos.

Becauseof the res~eardci difficulties the cen~ter ouldn. t hav included 0the 1969 71j'figures 'Caldwellsadex t

cogesm-had askedh'at'the6 peiod bef ore Mainhe Yanklee's-s192"start-' upbe ýstudije&.ý the secon e, tutzman said, i's tha hisgraph of t.e, ratio:of~observedtoex~petd d

-~

i-.

~ ass ould.-look the~s~"mevlwietherh num er fekemia'cases'werersn rflig.~

~

expected.4'n-umbO',ýh~r'iiidctdý,'<

'ýýi ing....

~ nIurntber of cases jhasinreased'8 Stuzaaged For xamle f the DCOG expectedý20: 5 ý'sesn,'.1969 b~ut obsbervedonly. 10 thepgrap rtOwold show a dot At the 0.5

',evelo a scale.ru.nnqing from zýero tol10(ef;mfh I'f i190the' COG had expetd10cssbtosre9 h ratio wouldpltath09lvl

-Thexresulting-,g~raph would show, asa-Bross's does, a rising, obserato to exettorai ltogyh ubro actual cases.wouldhv elnd' Wilema'intinin thAt o

a rwagahaya o

att etu Calvell said he was "not ready to make. a -complete challenge' of Bros aruetT cne taitcassilaere-viewing the.datta'and.Bross,'s

• m On edical-gro~unds, :however, Caldwell questin'ad ome-,o fBro ss" s assumpf-Ition,s'-:

"The: day-you.arediagrise~is' nthedy ugt canceCr ~aldwellInocte'd.Studies of survivors' -of the atom bob g of bh i m-a ain4NgaiIn-diccateiag times-between radiatio.n. ex -p s ;ure,dtctýale-luemia ranging

-from 2 yearsjto :'0y~a~rs -after.th'e 1945-expbsure:'-'-

a

'Evenji ifhere wvere 'a~stat~istiially significant increas eJin'leukemia in southern Maine during the 1970s, Caldwell said, it m

right not"'ademo'nstr*at e".a: health haza`rd ofthat'dedadýe.

'Ift t'e increase appeareda~-Wong childrean and adole'scents', whose rapid _,gl6wthý allows a rapid increase in cancer cells, a-researcher, righf'"conclud e th6,e'xposu.re..w s fairly~recen t, Caldwell. said.

However,..headd'ed, the ceriter~fo'und no si'gnificant incr-eas.e (meani Ing on.e markedly above, the range that coulId be produced by r'ando:m oc'cur'rencecs) armo'ngc,'hildren.,

e, :*

.1

.-.Ev6Kif ikemairates:i n-Mae-had se

-wCa owuellethecomthp..center sowl emlete.

esultsofthe

'.e,nf ished4 980 census-o.adjustlts¢xPct fokrthe-effe f*age 6m S "'Th-ere.

isa yery:big age effecdt..f' cancer*Caldwell-sa.E o

et oh andtmigoatxon

-n thestce.

..

of leukemiatends~tor~isewith age ;.reflecti the l agease-;

I a""

Aiei'~ledmdel I:

e'":,p/~eo-speca j

om

-- a-populatio n jh:southern Maecluded erypeop ilyfsomef them moved:here fromareas wherehealthrisksaremoresevere thecterwould eviseitsexpations of cancer pwards-SW "commentein ed Iht

"rq" asslight upward trend, CIel said butadded,that the increased cases were not:

".:nu.......merous enoughnu g htow awithout re curre datao populationinvolved c:tu.al increase in c b

198 oe Mai Yan e:inCtlwel ai thosrd irsw th statistical rsi given themalnme gorconenoted ftewe ct to the obsewed-;,,*~uge eraes*

ýe oof~ in#

. ~aldellals~deendd ue f-ex#*teie leuemi satistics~ro the National Cancrl~tta~h~~~~"

-~-~

-avtailable upncr which n-bs eto hand

`

dat While 8-0s arge thvat expectedi sa case nu ombA ersi M ad'Yinkbe shula nel6 ccaeleo ad ah sm 3ýper ti es neithrlo norM1 ies heW-4 Ptae t3 ppo tc mile, ossbesce

mi eusqu

ovrr:40 fd~Idwllsaidl the diotservesentcroases wercnti smt W&i ~~t icl:dsinfl Buat; Caidw te ll'n added s

Iotinkolhed haisn c

tegor

" w r.

c erinn

~

i~ fato reteeUlnt tis nucea poer ontovrsy wiliat oreer aldeli said

but, "I_

dontcr w ethe Maieanee P

learPwer 1

Pg 1ee'-

i <

VStaoiet~ef to prob birt defcts nPlmout By Wen y Fox, C-ontributing Reporteri.".

/

. ; "-: 4 Offic ials a

,t ý týhee.:

eSteateDepeart.men..t statifstsbelicHealth patsrtoyiestigating what seem like an nu uylhig.

-number~~~~_. of micrhe an it eet otahersati aa-Plymol hslintjtaryshool bes "

Since199,,*la9-ra*ccrnto 'e-schýool andata healtlh'6 off.cials aTeihttec at Indian :B rook4Elemehtary S hoh bved e er miscarriages orstpilbirthsior 'have givenhbi'rthA to ciden with defct,.

Dr Rchardt§O Dicker ssanepidemiolost fromthefedeal teo DiseaseCotntr ol in Atiantaho is woring'pwitho dhe pblc' heath-dmpatmfeent-thiss summri i smaid, y~terda tenaie gcfigures sho _thOdel 1 aderd "Iroihhe toinsixenoas his

-in e

i/"

-a 6 t!

ulty. and" s2al members-t;,"-the'sho;drig heam£.e

~lfit'~e

~

Igh.u.f1 ht aesm oto proble prg anc outcome" Dicer h~est erd~,Maiewokbi-d

~7-sthnk ihtVj'arrantsc argonern co roery wil last-f foe-ý~; Cal(

a ~

2-

• .bewee,15percnt nd,5:pe hff Pegnat-wmenave

-mscm eeone'

-suant.e percentofoalliebrtshvedfct

-- :.ý';ýri k

Hr~

ld to. meet this mor, n wol alth ficito start the invistigatin fPly'mouth Dib.Wen ady F {,,otribtmight-beo1r cutnItaltl ls helndian Brok-school..is: abo ut,'f{our- ""miles from th~ f

'S i ""*lgrm a~2erpoe~in and near theManomet landfill..

R[chardid'Keefe;.Plymouth*helthdirectorsaidtoxics~iHeaastest.were.-fund at *tl*a.ndl

'severanl ykea rsago but h

-. ca utio ned.ag ainst blaming teladil-r t

hepoe plnano h}ob~r~ irths tAdbrhd lfil:r:h'oe~lhj*tl~~6el*i

~

"L...

jme don't have, the-sae tyeosituatiQn in-thegeneral*to iat nhe said."

..:Nicolas saidlyest}er:day the shoisiabulightiaoitfeyar-danhs25women and-i1Omep on its "faculWY and *staff.. Last :May, he:ai[d te*chi*risthe-re..t~iJld~ir:h{hat tlhey wer~e "oncderned, about t hl*p~roblem with Pregrancies; Nic~ laS sa!id he, notiied rtn.'thhealth offiasw,`6en1.rihiiied-tthestate.ea

".her, Niolas said o" IndianBr6

• 6 h

6yeh`a*sreq tdIVa.Iriae.fr.

th scho saidhe and

- ud6the-medcaleb'c

.Dicke e

oher schoolmhealthofficialswill-st e-cgrounds of the Indian Biook teachers and probably will interview teachers :at oth'er-sch~ols!alnda' ot.her town, residents to-determine the extent of the probl.em.

-Indian: Brook teacher,-MaryAnnPepe, whose two healthy chnldren-were bornbefore she startedteachieng atwthe school, Said teachers? and staff membersare nervous'and-are 'concerned-aboutedri eking watereat the schooiw" jHowever, -'Keefe said-water for the-schoo comes from "the same well aswater for the.rest ofthe town.

Since-no similar problems have been reported-at:the townstbother 10 schools, O'Keefe said construction materials used at Indian Brook willbe stuJded as willthe building's ventilation system:

ern Reprinted from Boston Globe, Aug. 11,.1982. Pg. 40-

/1t fR--ý' a.,86bdD

• i C,

l~

-N,,

cb-e

".COLUMBIA 1

C-Pfli hatoffic ial s a4reu6er6 tai dfh'Vldiyo a re6f~~siightt6ttere s pf'eopl6-with- ~S~9tdi~

ia h

aanh Rive~ula pln accrdiing`

-JD icadPrkr~

. -Yý

°P

.A ".°.':. e'a ar..-

"W6

..-,a h

iv n u b..

t".,,

R i\\?

..,h:,"

.cdh'ief oft~h~e bureau of.,`dsae,'nto fo heSoutih.Carolinia De'5rditb Hd5t&nInvrnena Cotrdl§ the ian repor whc was widelhpb~li+/-dfciilwing ts ini'tia appeas ranceinwo AlnadIlynwppr

-e,'r

..,,7 saidtha 25peope wthi a 4 rni~rdiusof he ikd SVC% hice~

l~nave the rare bood disas W'ihýi thaacerze~bincrasdt re biodKePisias an ic J Thorpot stat6 4festhatiS~inj6Qfy?0Qpelegt the andaf people liv wihi a6-mile-

-4 radiu's-ofh-ltplnal.hch since h

weapons grade"plutonium and tietiumg trr;c

ýN'Dr' Parkeinsaidfiniatdlepýhpne.interview that some of dtthe patient repra~d'tp&havpolycytei ver apparently--,~

mhoeýcopit~f.v hahdit

reanne a

olver,,omtebf'th.e patients'wasva ndi tn i

repor.was seaeh' s*fntomhavedti

-omhe disease orlas long as-?.. years.,-

Findigs like th'at m'ake me-begin 'tb~doubt'if the6re, is any c 1(1s ta.a og I do n' wnttWti odmake anyý pDeeaumentents.l hw oam DrcPar d thaotsftiisuneardfro talking with physicians aound' I te'countrpsttwhatth&ýincidvhceofthe7 dis 61isp16?'1)-s ral in jh d.tW 1ynafe'd "States -(A 's'pok'esýman fordhe.ý,-~b~forlislelaslC tt said-,thd6t-hl9,abbut 400,.+/-

cases o'f.the 'disease;hlalve.b-een r'n,,eported -in th6e medicaýl liteau+.4%~

r.w Dr..

Parkr he' iot a-geneticorenviroamenta ath ler excepaforthet*5i# nula ln htmgtatrthe,'

incidence

.of ponulyciart~er inetheaea'e alo~~iddidhWvr ht:t5

-'P ark"e"

'_,.,are, ei theei no d t

t i'basis betw e eJadtion the driumeas Some po le p a that snc pycyem v

b a

e ls anc olueraia nd

,hr*s.-r,,

te drl ing11.ý insAease asl n

leuema s sspctd n smecaesof beingicaused,b'y4radiationl radiatfion could cause'ptlycyheia-vera This.

..speculation is tenuous, he"' ssa.ida Phscin wl pend -several mnonths documentingý cases of the disease ~and comparing,.the ýý:lower, Savannah p4' Rieraea with a siia rai hc hr s no nuclearpath ad>

cke r.r Ipt~a.at h,*

§pe n,-v* r, Reprinted from Famrily-Practice'News Oc0tober' 1 1719 82ý Pg'54ý 4

4,-.,.

4<4.

MK f4 4T,'4'4 74-rm tom.-.,

4 r Mb te'.t In r nati CA The Gr nuea t e N

b C*lmhliac bThV o

ane mioi Alliance 96 Srinted Street*F:t}i ice.

..4 e

,-'- cob >,T:Z.

'1P98OPg.Box4,d.,[7-c e-.

e,-.-

4 4

...e 49...

'4-744 3 ""'4

" :-44

.4'4 4 '-

• .474

,b4"

4.

44. 9 4 -,,"49,-

Chri.s* Nord Cii e s E e

.n.l -..

.6....

- '.t..

M Ier. "rac, MA 013607' 4,..

<_f 4.'.`

4 on4 4

a'mS~~ri

I-4ORSF11aT1T flN AUDIENCE COMMENTS:

Have you seen this before where?

when?

C.LTnFz 1k TTFM l#

• OBSERVATI ON W*i where?

when?'

1.Daisy 2.Gunckel & Sparrow, Brookhaven Symposia #6.

3.Brookhaven #6, Tomato Impatiens 4.Brookhaven #6, Dahlia Snapdragon retarded growth increased branching, stem fasciation blade did not develop properly thick, leathery leaves, curved, or inrolled sectional chimera color chanae 5.Brookhaven #6, Apple leaf Nicotiana 6."Giant Vegetation".

7.Harm Menkens, Germany Forsythia,potatoes mis-shapened leaves,

& Forsythia Twig double potatoes, &

fasciated twig 8.

9.

I 0.

1.Acid Rain 2.Final Environmental Statement, Sulfuric Acid 3.African Violet

4. Caption-African Violet 5.Umbrella Plant, Genus Cyperus 6.Gunckel Affidavit 7.Clover sectional chimera 8.Dandelion Clump growth stimulation 9.Dandelion Clump growth stimulation, 31."

O.Dandelion Leaves growth stimulation, normal 1.Dandelion Leaves, pressed 2.Maple Tree, Variegated reversion 3.Maple Tree bark peeling off, thick leathery leaves, mis-shaped leaves 4.Maple Leaf circular growth 5.Maple leaves, rear view 2 thick, spiney.,.-puckering 6.Evergreen-Tree.

massave growth pine cones 7.Evergreen, same. tree-later (S.Borns) stunted, abnormal B.Evergreen wi tch's broom, bare twigs 9.Redbud leaf chlorosis J.Redbud leaf, close-up mosaic effect, chlorosis 1.Trees, Goldsboro Marina bare tree tops 2.Buttercup double, fasciation 3.Buttercup, 4 assorted normal, fasciated (2) no center parts

• .Buttercup fused stem 5.Celosia flower color, chlorosis leaves pale, streaked red S.Clover double 7.Daisy normal

3. Daisy semi-formed

).Daisy Fasciated, pinched effect

).Daisy fasciated, pinched effect

Audience Comments:

Have you seen this.befofe

_IDE #

ITEM OBSERVATION where?

when?

40--Daisy fasciation, pinched effect

41.

Daisy full, double centers

42. Daisy multiple centers, stem fasciation

43. Daisy bud on back, fasciation.

44. Dandelion multiple flowers, wide stem

45. Dandelion multiple flower, wide stem

46. Forsythia Bush abnbrmal growth pattern

47. Forsythia Twig multiple buds, fasciation, bifurcation?

48. Forsythia, close-up L multiple buds, fasciation, bifurcation?

49. Forsythia multiple buds,(not galls)

50. Gloriosa Daisy fasciations

51. Gloriosa Daisy fasciation, stem & flower 52; Gloriosa Daisy fasciotion

53. Magnolia pod abnormal growth

54. Marigold normal, pin-petaled

55. Marigold stunted, thick leathery leaves, pin-petaled

56. Marigold, close-up pin-petaled flower

57. Queen Anne's Lace color change 58.. Queen Anne's Lace color changes

59.

Queen Anne's Lace, close-up purple edges

50.

Queen Anne's Lace (J.Gutshall) flower out of flower

51.

Rose, yellow fused, double bud

52. Rose, close-up fused, double bud

53. Rose, red bud growing in rose, vegetative parts in floral position

-4. Rose, close-up

5. Rose in silica

6. Rose & bud, dried

7. Sunflower fasciation

8. Sunflower fasciation

9.

Wild Mustard color change

'0. Zinnia.

color mutation

'2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

D.

Jdaie nX apov.L ti9i7davi Radiation Map 1979 Radiation Map 1979 Radiation Map 1.979 Letter by J. Fabrikant for Chromosome Study Pa. Dept. of Health - No Chromosome study needed "Village Voice" excerpt on Gunckel Dandelion photo (S. Plachey)

Gunckel Excerpts from research papers Fasciated Daisy dditional comments, corrections:

May 29, 1987 DC~ ac/ Z.

rQq-Drummnond Rennie,.M.D.

Senior Contributing Editor Journal of the American Medical Association 535 North Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60610 Dear Dr.

Rennie:

A recent letter (1) questioned that radiation exposures reported for military personnel in the Smokey nuclear bomb exercise at Nevada Test Site (NTS-)

were sufficient to induce polycythemia vera (2).

Caldwell (3) responded that film badges do not record all external exposures (neutrons) or any internal

exposure, but exposures were "at least that much plus background radiation level".

However, such badges indicate only a small fraction of the beta radiation of nuclear fallout (4).

.The ratio of beta to gamma radiation may range as high as:100 to 1,000 to one (4),.

i.e., an exposure of 32:mrem of gamma radiation may be.associated with exposure to beta radiation as large as,32 rem.

Beta radiation exposures have external

effects, and inhaled and ingested beta-radiating particulates can injure all tissues in the body. Yet, a table of radiation dosimeter readings for nine military personnel with leukemia after NTS exercises indicate no beta radiation exposure for six (C.

C.

Caldwell, personal communication),

evidence of a serious flaw in this film badge dosimetry (Table 1).

Moreover, film badges are calibrated at a 900 angle to a point source, while persons in a. radioactive environment receive radiation from all directions.

Radiation striking at less than 900 will have a proportionately smaller effect and little is recorded when radiation strikes the badge on edge.

Radiation transecting the body is attenuated before striking the~badge.

Film badges fail to monitor neutron radiation exposures adequately.

Neutron films record proton. tracks (recoil.protons from fast.,neutron co[-l.isions)., but -these fade rapidly in-a.hot climate (with.almost 100% loss) unless, deve.Oped4and read quickly after exposure.

In addition.internal radiation exposures are scarcely indicated.

InhalatiOn of fall:out particulates radiating alpha, beta and gamma radiation was recognized as early as: 1951 by the Director of the University of California Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (a DOE/AEC facility) as "the major problem in safety" rather than "any danger from external radiation dose" (5,6).

Further, personal air monitors indicate radionuclide concentrations several orders of magnitude greater than area monitors (7).

No such personal air monitors were available-for military and other personnel at NTS.

,_,-Al-pha radiation was seldom reported, although 20 times more injurious to tissue per rad than beta or gamma radiation (8).

Uranium, plutonium, neptunium, curium.,

americium, and other transuranics contribute about 40 per cent of total

page IL.

Drummond Rennie, May 29, 1987 Page 2 M.D.

radioactivity of nuclear bomb debris 20 hours2.314815e-4 days <br />0.00556 hours <br />3.306878e-5 weeks <br />7.61e-6 months <br /> to two weeks after detonation, and much of this activity is alpha rad'i-ation (9).

Alpha and-neutron.-r-adiation" have.','*a,

'hi.gh. "linear energy :t ransfer" whi:chl induced n~i.ne t:imes 1 more malignant transformations per rad' at' 1.6w. dose rates, with greatest. ef fect per." -rad.:a't.the smal-lest totalI dose of 10. rad (10)'. Fallout particulates radiatling gamma, V.beta a andf:

a-l-pha radiation are inhal ed' and i nested:and stored in body organs with. much,.hig her organ doses over time. than radiation monitors imply.'.

Military personnel at NTS (2) received important external exposures to beta, gamma and neutron radiation, but the internal exposures from inhalation and, ingestion of radioactive particulates and gases were much greater (4).

A recent' study of nuclear plant workers (11) corroborates earlier reports of health effects from such exposures (12-14).

Sincerely, Carfl J. Johnson, M.D.

Karl, Z. Morgan, Ph,.D.

ofe r onl;2.

Webster EW:

Letter re:

"Polycythemia vera among participants of a nuclear weapons teat",

JAMA 1987; 257:1179.

Caldwell CC, Kelley D0, Heath DW, Jr.

ot Al.:

Polycythemia vera among participants of a nuclear weapons test.

JAIM 1984; 252:662r664.

Caldwell CC:

Letter, JAM/A 1987; 257:1179.

Johnson CJ:

A cohort study of cancer incidence in Mormon families exposed to nuclear fallout versus an area-based study of cancer deaths in whites in Southwestern Utah.

(Letter) Am. J.

Epidemiol.

1987; 125:166-.168.

Craves AC, Felt C.

Jangle fallout prcblems.

In:.Operation Upshot-Knothole, Nevada Proving Grounds, University of California/AEC.

Washington, DC:

LIS Department of Energy, 1951.

Distribution prohibited by the Atomic Energy Act

.of 1,946';': released April, 9, 1981.

BradburYy 'NE. Written communication to Dr. Shields Warren. Director, Division of, Biology and Wedicine, US Atomic Energy Com*ision, Washington, DC, July 7,

1951.

Distribution prohibited by the Atomic Energy Act of 1946; releasedApril 9, 1981.

International Co nission for Radiological Protection.

General principles of monitoring for radistion protection of workers.

Publication

12.

New York:

Pergamon Press, 1968.

US Nuclear Regulatory Comisaion.

Standards for protection against radiation.

proposed rule, Title 10, Co", of Federal Rlegulations, parts 19, 20, 30-32, 34, 40, 50, 61 and 70, Decebor 10, 1985; 50:51992-52115.

Fold DT.

Mechanics of fallouit.

In: Adams R, Cullen S,

ads.

The final epidemic.

Educational Fou'dsation for Nuclear Science, Chicago, IL

60637, 1981.

H, Hill CK, Buonoguro FW, Myers CP, et al. Fission spectrum neutrons of reduced dose rates enhance neopiastic transformation, Nature 1982; 298:67-9.,

i, ilkinson CS, TietJen CL, Wiggs LD, et al.

Mortality among plutonium and other radiation workers at a plutonium facility.

Am J Epidmmiol 1987;125:231-50.

Johnson'CJ.

An evaluation of brain cancer, melanoma and respiratory cancer of employees of the Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Plant in Jefferson

County, Colorado.

Presented to the Denver meeting of the U.S. Radiation Policy Council 17-29-80),

to the Epidemiologic Exchange Session of the Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association (10-20-80) and at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science lt-4-Sl).

Johnson CJ.

Rocky Flats Ravisited.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Ambio 1982;11:372-378.

Table I-Radiation Dose Levels

.Recorde~d. on, Film,.Badges of Pa'tient-s ::'With L~eukemaia Total Radiation Recorded in 1957 case Gamma. mrem Beta, mrem 1

3 4

5 6

7 a

9 1,250 7550 2,977 133 105 2,950 No record 96 0

34 0

0 0

0 47 No record 0

(Calld'well.n G., 1ý

The Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club Editor-in-Chief: James E. Gunckel Bltl*t t'-Nj OXAUT "q*0

.1 i :6 L n.

Eay 11, 1964 AFFIDAVIT 9

I hoave carefully examined a few specimens of cannon plants.collected shortly after the accident at TKI and canpared theni with specimens collected more recently.

The current abnornalitdes are probably carz-ed fcrward by induced chrancsomail aberrations.

There were a number of anamalies entirely canparable to those induced by ionizing radiation-- stem fasciations, growth stiinulaticn, induction of extra vegetative buds and. stem tumors.

Most of the stern abnormalities described in the literature, and in my own experience, are induced by relatively high doses of X or gamma rays extending over a period of usually 2-3 months.

Notable exceptions, however, are similar responses to beta ray exposure from radioisotopes (p 3 2, Zn65, CaS) and for only 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.

In other'words, it would have been possible for the types of plant abnoraalities observed to have bee-induced by radioactive fallout on March 29, 1979.

• ,626i 7 f"/1hr' f/~z*J c)

• nd dyj In discussing the general biolo:-ical effects of irradiation, same clari-fication may be helpfil.

In plants, the dose rate (e.gr mr/hr) is much, more important than.total dose (e.g., mr/yr) in inducing abno'maliti*es'

Furdther, the,quality factor" for gamma and beta radiation is not the same as generally assumed.

In fact, I have incontrovertible experimental results to show that beta rays are at least a quality factor of two in plants.

I am the world authority on modifications of plant growth and development induced by ionizing radiations, having researched this area for 34 years at the Brookhaven National laboratory and at Rutgers University.

The three review papers appended attest to.my expertise.

t~a:s FJ. Gunok el

iird(A PA yji' ! Vf. 34 (April), j,j.

.I,2i

( Perprmnan Preer I-M.. 1"0 ' Prirried *., the UýS A.

DOSE-RATE CONVERSION FACTORS FOR EXTERNAL EXPOSURE TO PHOTON AND ELECTRON RADIATION FROM RADIONUCLIDES OCCURRING IN RQUVIjNJE RELEASES FROM NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE FACILITIES*

D. C. K I ER IHealth and Safety Research Division. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Oak Ridge. TN 37930 (Receired 21 March 1979: accepted 24 July 1979)

Ahstract--[ose-rale conversion factors for external exposure to photon nod electron raliation ire calculated for 2,10 radionuclides of potential importance in routine releases from n vclear fuel cycle facilities. Exposure modes considered are immersion in con-tnminmted air. immersion in contaminated water, and irradiation from a contaminated ground surface. For each exposure mode. dose-rate conversion factors for photons and electrons are calcul:ted for tissuie-equivalent material at the body surface of an exposed individual. Dose-rnle conversion factors for photons only are calculated for 22 body organs.

IN.ROI)UCTION men(. and radioactive decayý including build-IN ASSESSING radiation dose to an individual or tip and decay of any radioactive daughter to the population from external exposure to a products. Such considerations are beyond the radionuclide dispersed in the environment, a scope of this work. We are concerned instead dose-equivalent rate at a given location at with the determination of the external dose-time t, denoted by RM(.) can be written in the rate factor D.

general form Rt) = Q() x D. where Q(t) is a For a given radionuclide, the dose-rate radionuclide concentration at the particular f-act¶-r"---.

T tT swhlCh are deTterminTed location and time and 1) is a quantity called--t" t-ictar MI-Mln-pe T tinterest the external dose-rate conversion factor.

fUsually photons or electrons) and the ener-From the general equation. the quantily d

which we also call the (lose-rate factor, can oflial y-*,

te modle oa exposure (e.g. mrn-be regarded as a dose-equivalent rate per unit nriier-siTiin-confamiTiated air), and tFiorg-aln radionuclide concentration.

o'-T ie ex

-f-un-"diMU-u"l or popu on -

In general, estimation of the concentration whic iTie*

dose-equivalenit rate is desired.

Q(()

requires detailed consideration of the tea sare thus independent o[ the rate and manner of release of the radionu-dynamic beiavior ol radioniclideCs in tMe clide of interest, its transport in the environ-efvfironment. I nese factors are clevarly -useTul inr adiological assessments, since multi-plication of an assumed radionuclide concen-

• Research sponsored by.ivision of Safeguards.

tratin' in the environment by a dose-rate Fuel Cycle and Environmental Research. U.S.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission under Inter-factor gives ate external dose-equivalent rate.

agency Agreement DOE 40-550-75 with the U.s.

This paper presentsa tabulation of dose-Dept. of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-26 r.f?-

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SAFMrI RELATED7 INCflENTS'AT THREE MILE ISLAND :NUCLEAR, POWM' PLANT Compiled friom:1 NuclAr.Safet17.

'A; bimonthly Technica frode, TIVeewpreqpared f or ``the Nuclear:Rglator Comsinbthe

-Nulear Sarebty

-Infobrmati'on-,Centerat. Oak 'Ridge, NationAl-Laboratory.

Vol4 16-.8 197-17 CWpie byWlla Casto, and R. L. Sctt.-

Three Mile, Island I: is Pre'uie aae R6co dsgeby.

Babcock andd Wilcox.

It is. operated' by.Metropoliton Edison usdayo General Public Utilties.

its operating lices asgnte on April19, 191 r Th' pln' doke nubr, isa 5O~89,and rpoz~tsof t, plant. and it acdns,'can-be objaned' bseding h

numbrad request 'to's.. Nuclear* Reg& tr omsin

~ ~i~~ouetRo 1717 H, Streeati, NW Wa~hirg~oD' C lO-J-74.

.10-214-74j 11-60-74 I I-? 0.'7

.Unplanned, radioactivity ý r elea ses Unplanned&.radioactive gaseous releases Unplanned/:raedioactive releases Imposition :of ai 'civ il penalty Two; unplanned releases: of radioactivity 12-2h-74 Tritium level in.,rlver sample exceeds control--Value*..

I 75 Design decency in control rod drive 1-17-75 Pipe suport ound broken" 1I -75 ace ssive chojridb.:in in charge

-Unplanned*raioactive g release.

. 75 Inadvertant release of airborne radiation 4-18-7,5 Excessive.,tota-l.lorine*in discharge 4-4 1--75 Re

_to criticality, reached 4 -24 75 Totali ch~lor~ine-- concentration.in river' 6 -5+-75?,

fri

• tiOum p;, oncentration., ine;ffluent

• exceedas lim *;it.

,i:-,:

• i."

7-3-75 p

U ann e'ase.::of radioactive: gas,

7-10-75 Suspended. solid :in effluent exceed limit

.'Inadequate design, Valve leak and oPerator error

"Leak'ing valves Security.Violation Inadequate procedural guidelines inor. leaks, Design error Design error

.*ad of loop water seal Loss, o loop water sea Loss of ventilation

,;air flow Lack of guidelines P-ocedural dificiency

..ý,Cra,6ckedihypochorita Waste proesing

'.Leak in waSte evaporator High concentration in influent Lifting of relief valve

-Low river flow Administrative control deficiency

.,Unknown Poor valve response Sludge of solids

_K_ ;ý 10-7-75 Unplanned release of radioactive material 10-24-75 Tritium level in effluent exceeds control value 3-15-7.6 Notice. of proposed imposition of civil penalties 10-27 -76 Plant river water discharge solids exceed limit 3-1-77 River water discharge temperature exceeds limits 5-23-77 Suspended solis concentration in effluent exceed limit 1.~

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i Hý,lARRISBURG PDCEMBiER 26, 197

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'S said statiboffidals hd%ý not'5c6nduct-'.

ed apy sd~iiiit,ýtes6 ssinceth 4ail-

tM~tEd~i theNRC,findicte

~e~s f.crjum,41 orde. recordead.a 34 tms oia1ev1 add, ahthi-'

numb was. fqad: to~ be- "A-b"o:'uti 30

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WHERE RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS CONCENTRATE IN THE BODY C

PART OF BODY radioactive element(s) type of rays, length of 1/2 life effect comment T, h, rohld SKIN sulfur 35 beta, 87 days skin cancer may be cured early LIVER cobalt 60 beta (gamma), 5 yrs.

liver cancer higher death rate in women OVARIES The reproductive organs are attacked by all radioactive isotopes emit-ting gamma radiation. In addition, the deadly pluto-nium 239 is known to concentrate in the ovaries or testes. The radiation it emits can cause birth de-fects, mutations and mis-carriages in the first gene-ration after exposure and or successive generations.

UNGS radon 222 (and whole body) alpha, 3.8 days uranium 233 (and bone) alpha, 162,000 yrs.

plutonium 239 (and bone) alpha, 24,000 yrs.

krypton 85 (and ?)"

beta (gamma), 10 yrs.

lung cancer much higher rate among uranium miners

_-SPLEEN polonium 210 alpha, 138 days lymphoma curable in early stages KIDNEYS ruthenium 1%

gaimma (beta), l yr.

kidney cancer difficult to detect early, hard to stop after 5 yrs.

ýPBONE radium 226 alpha, 1620 yrs.

zinc 65 beta (gamma), 245 days strontium 90 beta, 28 days ytirium 90 beta, 64 hrs.

prometheum 147 beta, 2 yrs.

barium 140 beta (gamma), 13 days thorium 234 beta, 24.1 days phosphorus 32 beta, 14 days carbon 14 (and fat) beta, 5,600 yrs.

leukemia -

an overpro-duction of abnormal white blood cells.

can be treated to some extent.

MUSCLE C-L-E

0*___

potassium 42 beta, (gamma), 12 hrs.

cesium 137 (and gonads) beta (gamma), 30 yrs.

sarcoma (cancer of muscle tissue) 0 other locations suspected

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