ML070680040
| ML070680040 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Browns Ferry, Watts Bar, Sequoyah, Bellefonte |
| Issue date: | 03/07/2007 |
| From: | Wetzel B Tennessee Valley Authority |
| To: | Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML070680040 (177) | |
Text
Tennessee Valley Authority, 1101 Market Street, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37402-2801 March 7, 2007 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ATTN: Document Control Desk Washington, D.C. 20555-0001 Gentlemen:
In the Matter of
)
Docket Nos. 50-327 50-259 Tennessee Valley Authority
)
50-328 50-260 50-390 50-296 50-391 50-438 50-439 TVA 2006 ANNUAL REPORT In accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR 50.71(b) and 10 CFR 140.21(e),
enclosed is a copy of TVA's 2006 Annual Report. This report contains the financial data required by both regulations.
If you have questions regarding this report, please call me at (423) 751-8423.
Sincerely, Beth A. Wetzel Manager, Corporate Licensing and Industry Affairs BAW:RPS Enclosure cc (Enclosure):
Dr. William Travers, Regional Administrator U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region II Sam Nunn Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth Street, SW, Suite 23T85 Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8931 EDMS, WT CA-K (w/o Enclosure)
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I Description of TVA Securities TVA's electronotes t,.
program offers bonds e ron in a variety of different structures targeted to individual investors. The bonds are generally issued in denominations of $1,000, with matu-rities ranging from 1 to 30 years.
Putable Automatic Rate Reset Securities (PARRS)
These bonds trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols "TVC" and "TVE."
They were issued in denominations of $25 and pay interest quarterly. An annual reset provi-sion provides for a possible* reduction in the coupon rate under certain conditions. If the rate is reset, investors may put (return) the bonds to TVA at par value.
Discount Notes These are short-term notes offered for sale on a continuing basis to investment dealers and dealer banks. Discount notes are sold at a dis-count, in book-entry form, in principal amounts of $100,000 and additional increments of $1,000.
Other TVA Power Bonds TVA has issued both global and domestic bonds of varying maturities, structures, and interest payment frequencies and in different currencies.
7The 2006 Annual Report does not constitute an.
off*rl to sell or ci solicitation o/ an ojfr'r to bity can) 7*A securities.
General Inquiries Peyton T. Hairston, Jr.
Senior Vice President, Communications Tennessee Valley Authority 400 West Summit Hill Drive Knoxville, TN 37902 E-mail Address tvainfo@tva.com Phone/Fax Numbers 865-632-6000 Fax: 865-632-8862 Investor Inquiries Tammy W. Wilson Interim Senior Vice President, Treasurer/Investor Relations Tennessee Valley Authority 400 West Summit Hill Drive Knoxville, TN 37902 Web Site and E-mail Address www.tva.com/finance investor@tva.com Phone/Fax Numbers 888-882-4975 (toll-free in the U.S.)
888-882-4967 (toll-free outside the U.S.)
Fax: 865-632-6673 E-mail alert E-mail alerts are conveniently sent to a subscriber's e-mail address whenever certain new information about TVA bonds is available. To learn more about how to subscribe to e-mail alerts, visit TVAs web site at www.tva.com/finance.
Additional information Please visit www.tva.com/finance for more details on TVA investment opportunities as well as offering circulars for spe-cific securities, or call TVA's Treasury organization toll-free at 888-882-4975. TVA does not sell securities directly to investors.
TVA securities may generally be purchased through a broker, bank, or other financial institution.
Guide to using TVA's Annual Report and Form 10-K This 2006 Annual Report is intended to provide highlighted information of interest about TVA's business and operations during its 2006 fiscal year, which ended on September 30, 2006. The Annual Report should be read in conjunction with TVA's Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended September 30, 2006, which is attached to this report. The 10-K provides additional financial, operational, and descriptive information, including financial statements for TVA's fiscal year 2006. The 10-K also provides important information about various risks to which TVA is exposed in the course of its operations, which are important to consider before investing in any TVA securities.
The 2006 TVA Annual Report and 2006 10-K do not contain all information about specific TVA securities that is important for making investment decisions. Please refer to the appropri-ate Offering Circular, and any relevant supplements, for detailed information about TVA securities.
t TVA is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. TVA also provides that the benefits of programs receiving TVA financial assistance are available to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, sex, national origin, religion, disability or age. This document can be made available in an alternate format upon request. This report is printed on 30% post-consumer recycled paper and uses soy-based inks.
6M 6-235 I
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (MARK ONE)
[X ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13, 15(d), OR 37. OF THE' SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2006 OR
[ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Commission file number 000-52313 TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
A corporate agency of the United States created by 62-0474417 an act of Congress (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
(State or otherjurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 400,W. Summit Hill Drive 37902 Knoxville, Tennessee (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
(865) 632-2101 Registrant's telephone number, including area code Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check' mark whether the registrant is a well-known, seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [ X ]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13, Section 15(d), or Section 37 of the Exchange Act. Yes[ ] No [X Indicate by check mark whether.the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12, months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes[ ]No[X]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ X Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [ ]
Accelerated filer [ ]
Non-accelerated filer [ X Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes[ ]No[X]
Page 1 of 141 A'
Table of Contents Forward-Looking Information.................................................................................
I.....................................................................
4 G e n e ra l In fo rm a tio n.................................................................................................................
1..........................................
5 Part I Ite m 1.
B u s in e s s............................................................................................................................
6 T h e C o rp o ra tio n.................................................................................................................
6 G o v e rn a n c e..ý..............................................................
6 S e rv ic e A re a...................................................................
6 C u s to m e rs..........................................
8 R a te A u th o rity......................................................................................................................................................
1 0 R a te A c tio n s......................
1 1 Power and Energy Forecasts....................................................................................................................
11 P o w e r S u p p ly.......................................................................................................................................................
1 1 N u c le a r...............................................................................................................................................................
1 5 F u e l S u p p ly............................................................................
1 6 '
T ra n sm issio n O p e ra tio n s :.........................................................................................
18 S te w a rd s h ip A c tiv itie s.................................................................................................
1 9 S e a s o n a lity.........................................................................................................................................................
1 9 C o m p e titio n........................................................................................................................................................
2 0 R e g u la tio n........................................................................................
2 1 Payments in Lieu of Taxes................................................................................
22 E n v iro n m e nta l M atte rs........................................................................
2 2 E m p lo y e e R e la tio n s...............................................................................................................
2 6 Ite m 1 A.
R is k F a c to rs..............................................................................................................................
2 6 S tra te g ic R is k s...................................................................................................................
2 6 O p e ra tio n a l R is ks.........................................
2 8 F in a n c ia l R is k s.........................................................................
3............
3 0 Item lB.
Unresolved Staff Comments.............................................................................................................................
2 32 Ite m 2.
P ro p e rtie s............................................................................................................................................................
3 2 G e n e ra tin g P ro p e rtie s........................................................................
3 2 Transmission Properties.................................................................................................
33 Resource Stewardship Properties......................................................................................................................
33 B u ild in g s........................................
I............................
3 3 D is p o s a l o f P ro p e rty............................................................................................................................................
3 3 Ite m 3.
Le g a l P ro ce e d in g s................................................................................................................................................
34 3 4 Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders........................................................................
37 Part II Item 5.
Market for Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities...
38 Item 6.
Selected Financial Data.............................
38 Statements of Income Data...............................................................................................................................
38 B a la nce S h e e ts D a ta.............................................................
3 9 F in a n c ia l O b lig a tio n s..........................................................................................................................................
3 9 Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Items Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Rules....................
39 Comparative Five-Year Data Statistical and Financial Summaries..................................................................
41 Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition'and Results of Operations.....................................
42 B u s in e s s O v e rv ie w....................................................................
4 2 Liquidity and Capital Resources............
45 R e s u lts o f O p e ra tio n s.........................................................................................................................................
5 1 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements........................................................................................................................
56 Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.........................
I 57 New Accounting Standards and Interpretations.......................................
61 Legislative and Regulatory Matters.................................................................................
64 E n v iro n m e nta l M a tte rs.......................................
6 5 Page 2 of 141
L e g a l P ro c e e d in g s...............................................................................................................................................
6 8 Risk Managem e nt Activities...............................................................................................................................
68
.Management Changes......................................................................................................................................
74 Subsequent Events..................................................................................................................................
i........
74 Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk...................................................................................
74 Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.........................................................................................................
75 Statements of Income...................................................................................................
75 BB a la n c e S h e e ts..................................................................................................................................................
7 6 Statements of Cash Flows..................................................................................................................................
77 Statements of Changes in Proprietary Capital................................................................................................
78 Notes to Financial Statements............................................................................................................................
79 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Form..............................................................................
119 Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements W ith Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure....................................
120
.Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures............................................................................................................................................
121 Item 9B.
Other Information........................................................................................................................................................
121 Part III Item 10.
Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant................
122 Directors............................................. ;......
122 Executive Officers.................................................
123 C o d e o f E th ic s....................................................................................................................................................
1 2 6 A u d it C o m m itte e.................................................................................................................................................
12 6 Other Committees..............................................................................................................................................
126 Item 11.
Executive Compensation...................................................................................................
126 Director Compensation....................................................................
126 Executive Compensation...............................................................................................................................
128 Retirement Benefits............................................................................................................................................
131 Long-Term Deferred Compensation Plan Agreements....................................................................................
135 Other Agreements..........................................
135 Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation....................................
136 Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners andiManagement and Related Stockholder Matters...................
136 Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions...................................................
136 Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services...........................................................................
136 Part IV Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules............................................................................................................
138 S ig n a tu re s 14 1 Page 3 of 141
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION This Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report") contains forward-looking statements relating to future events and future performance. All statements other than those that are purely historical may be forward-looking statements.
In certain cases, forward-looking Statements can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "will,"
"should," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "intend," "project," "plan," "predict," "assume," "forecast," "estimate,"
"objective," "possible," "probably," "likely," "potential," or other similar expressions.
Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
Statements regarding strategic objectives; Projections regarding potential rate actions; Estimates of costs of certain retirement obligations; Estimates regarding power and energy forecasts; Expectations about the adequacy of TVA's pension plans and nuclear decommissioning trust; Estimates regardingthe reduction of total financing obligations; The impact of new accounting pronouncements and interpretations, including Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, "Employers Accounting for Defined. Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans -
an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87; 88, 106, and. 132(R);"
Estimates of amounts to be reclassified from OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME to earnings over the next year; TVA's plans to continue using short-term debt to meet current obligations; and The anticipated cost and timetable for returning Browns Ferry Unit 1 to service.
Although the Tennessee Valley Authority ("TVA") believes that the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements are reasonable,.TVA does. not~guarantee the accuracy of these statements., Numerous factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, among other things:
New laws, regulations, and administrative orders-especially those related to:
TVA's protected service area, The sole authority of the TVA Board to set power rates, Various environmental andnuclear matters, TVA's management of the Tennessee River system, TVA's credit rating, and TVA's debt ceiling; Performance of TVA's generation and transmission assets; Availability of fuel supplies; Compliance with existing environmental laws and regulations; Significant delays or cost overruns in construction of generation and transmission assets; Significant changes in demand for electricity; Legal and administrative proceedings; Weather conditions; Failure of transmission facilities; An accident at any nuclear facility, even one unaffiliated with TVA; Catastrophic events such as fires, earthquakes, floods, pandemics, wars, terrorist activities, and other similar events, especially if these events occur in or near TVA's service area; Changes in the market price of commodities such as coal, uranium, natural gas, fuel oil, electricity, and emission allowances; Changes in the prices of equity securities, debt securities, and other investments; Changes in interest rates;.
Creditworthiness of TVA or its counterparties; Rising pension costs and health care expenses; Increases in TVA's financial liability for decommissioning its nuclear facilities; Limitations on TVA's ability to borrow money; Changes in economic environments; Ineffectiveness of TVA's disclosure controls and procedures; Changes in accounting standards; The loss of TVA's ability to use regulatory accounting; Loss of key personnel; Changes in technology; and Unforeseeable events.
Page 4 of 141
Additionally, other risks that may cause actual results to differ from the predicted results are set forth in Item 1A, Risk Factors. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all such factors or to assess the extent to which any factor or combination of factors may impact TVA's business or cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement.
TVA undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect developments that occur after the statement is made.
GENERAL INFORMATION Fiscal Year Unless otherwise indicated, years (2006, 2005, etc.) in this Annual Report refer to TVA's fiscal years ended September 30. References to'years in the biographical information about directors and executive officers in Item 10, Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant are to calendar years.
Notes References to "Notes" are to the Notes to Financial Statements contained in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Available Information The public may read and copy any reports or other information that TVA files with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.
The public may obtain information on the operation, of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. TVA's SEC reports are also available to the public without charge from the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov and TVA's website at www.tva.gov. Information contained on TVA'swebsite shall not be deemed incorporated into, or to be a part of, this Annual Report.
Page 5 of 141
PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS The Corporation
- The Tennessee Valley Authority ("TVA") is a wholly-owned corporate agency and instrumentality of the United States. TVA was created by the U.S. Congress in 1933 by virtue of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended, 16 U.S.C. §§ 831-831ee (2000 & Supp. IV 2004) (as amended, the "TVA Act"). TVA was created to improve navigation on the Tennessee River, reduce flood damage, provide agricultural and industrial development, and provide electric power to the Tennessee Valley region. TVA manages the Tennessee River and its tributaries for multiple river-system purposes, such as navigation; flood damage reduction; power generation; environmental stewardship; shoreline use; and water supply for power plant operations, consumer use, recreation, industry, and other stewardship purposes. TVA's power system operations, however, constitute the majority of its activities and provide virtually all of its revenues.
Although TVA is similar to power companies in many ways, there are many features that make it different.
Some of these include:
TVA was created by an act of the U.S. Congress and is a wholly-owned corporate agency of the United States.
TVA's board of directors (the "TVA Board") is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the U.S. Senate.
TVA holds its real properties as an agent for the United States.
TVA is required to make payments to the U.S. Treasury as a repayment of and a return on the appropriation investment that the United States provided TVA for its power program (the "Appropriation Investment").
TVA is not authorized to issue equity securities such as common or preferred stock. Accordingly, TVA finances its operations primarily with. cash flows from operations and proceeds from issuing debt. "
- The TVA Board sets the rates TVA charges for power. In setting rates, the TVA Board must have due regard for the objective that power be sold at rates as low as are feasible.
TVA is exempt from paying federal income taxes and state and local taxes but must pay certain states and counties an amount in lieu of taxes equal to five percent of TVA's gross revenues from the sale of power during the preceding year excluding sales or deliveries to other federal agencies and exchange sales with other utilities, with a provision for, minimum payments under certain circumstances.
For a discussion of the more significant of these features, see Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Business Overview.
Governance TVA is governed by the TVA Board. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, amended the TVA Act by restructuring the TVA Board from three full-time members to nine part-time members, at least seven of whom must be legal residents of the TVA service area. TVA Board members are appointed by the President of the United Stated with the advice and consent of the U.S. Senate.. After an initial phase-in period, TVA Board members serve five-year terms, and at least one member's term ends each year. The TVA Board's role, among other things, is to establish broad goals, objectives, and policies for TVA; establish long-range plans to carry out these goals, objectives, and policies; approve annual budgets; and establish a compensation plan for employees. Information about members of the TVA Board and TVA's executive officers is discussed in Item 10, Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.
Service Area TVA operates the nation's largest public power system. TVA supplies power in most of Tennessee, northern Alabama, northeastern Mississippi, and southwestern Kentucky and in portions of northern Georgia, western North Carolina, and southwestern Virginia to a population of approximately 8.7 million people.
Subject to certain minor exceptions, TVA may not, without specific authorization by act of the U.S.
Congress, enter into contracts which would have the effect of making it, or the distributor customers of its power, a source of power supply outside the area for which TVA or its distributor customers were the primary source of power Page6of 141
supply on July 1, 1957. This statutory provision is referred to as the "fence" because it bounds TVA's sales activities, essentially limiting TVA to power sales within a defined service area.
Correspondingly, the Federal Power Act ("FPA"), primarily through its anti-cherrypicking provision, prevents the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") from ordering TVA to provide access to its transmission lines to others for the purpose of delivering power to customers within its defined service area. The anti-cherrypicking provision helps to minimize the financial exposure of TVA to loss of revenue.
Sales of electricity accounted for substantially all of TVA's operating revenues in 2006, 2005, and 2004, amounting to $9.1 billion, $7.7 billion, and $7.4 billion, respectively. TVA's revenues by state for the last three years are detailed in the table below:
Electricity Sales by State (in millions) 2006 2005 2004 Alabama 1,268
$ 1,054
$ 1,033 Georgia 228 186 182 Kentucky 909 832 731 Mississippi 826 674 658 North Carolina 47 39 38 Tennessee 5,764 4,820 4,734 Virginia 7
4 4
9,049 7,609 7,380 Sale for resale 13 95 59 S
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Page 7 of 141
Customers TVA is primarily a wholesaler of power. TVA sells power at wholesale to distributor customers, consisting of municipalities and cooperatives,,that resell the power to their customers at a retail rate: TVA also sells power (1) to directly served customers, consisting primarily of federal agencies and customers with large or unusual loads, and (2) to exchange power customers (electric systems that border TVA's service area) with which TVA has entered into exchange power arrangements as allowed by the TVA Act.
Operating revenues by customer type for each of the last three years are set forth in the table below. In this table, sales to directly-served industries are included.in INDUSTRIES DIRECTLY SERVED, and sales to directly-served federal agencies and to exchange power customers are included in FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER.
Operating Revenues by Customer Type (in.millions) 2006 2005 2004 Municipalities and cooperatives 7,880 6,561 6,457 Industries directly served 1,066 962 842 Federal agencies and other Federal agernies directly served 103 86 81 Exchange sales 13 95 59 Total 9062
$.1,43 Municipalities and Cooperatives Revenues from distributor customers accounted for 85.8 percent of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006.
At September 30, 2006, TVA had wholesale power contracts with 158 municipalities and cooperatives. All of these contracts require distributor customers to purchase all of their electric power and energy requirements from TVA.
All distributor customers purchase power under one of three basic termination notice arrangements:
Contracts that require five years' notice to terminate; 0
Contracts that require 10 years' notice to terminate; and 9
Contracts that require 15 years' notice to terminate.
The number of distributor customers with the contract arrangements described above, the revenues derived from such arrangements in 2006, and the percentage of TVA's 2006 total operating revenues represented by these revenues are summarized in the table below.
TVA Distributor Customer Contracts As of September 30, 2006 Number of
. Percentage of Total Distributor Sales to Distributor Operating-Revenues in Contract Arrangement Customers Customers in 2006.
2006 (in millions) 15-Year Termination Notice 5
92 1.0%
10-Year Termination Notice 48 2,625 28.6%
5-Year Termination Notice
- 99 4,893 53.3%
Notice Given - Less than 5 Years Remaining.
6 270 2.9%
15 85.8%
Ordinarily the distributor customer and TVA have the same termination notice period; however, in contracts with six of the distributor customers with a five-year termination notice, TVA has a 10-year termination notice (which becomes a five-year termination notice if TVA loses its discretionary wholesale rate-setting authority).
TVA's two largest distributor customers -
Memphis, Light Gas and Water Division ("MLGW") and Nashville Electric Service ("NES") - have contracts with five-year and 10 year termination notice periods, respectively.
Page 8 of 141
Although no single customer accounted for 10 percent or more of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006, sales to MLGW and NES accounted for 9.1 percent and 7.7 percent, respectively. In 2004, TVA and MLGW entered into a prepayment agreement under which MLGW prepaid TVA $1.5 billion for the future costs for a portion of the electricity to be delivered by TVA to MLGW over a period of 180 months. See Note 1 -
Energy Prepayment Obligations for more information about this prepayment arrangement.
On September 26, 2006, the city of Bristol, Virginia, announced that it had selected TVA as the new power provider for its municipal electric system, Bristol Virginia Utilities ("BVU"), beginning in January 2008. TVA had provided wholesale power to BVU from 1945 to 1997. The contract has a minimum 15-year term, and a five-year termination notice may not be given until January 2018. The rates under this contract are intended to recover the cost of reintegrating BVU into TVA's power-supply plan and serving its customer load.
All of the power contracts between TVA and the distributor customers provide for. purchase of power by the distributor customers at the rates established by the TVA Board, which beginning with the current fiscal year, will be adjusted quarterly to reflect changing fuel and purchased power costs. In addition, most of the power contracts between TVA and the distributor customers specify the resale rates that distributor customers charge their.power customers. These resale rates are divided into the classifications of residential, general power, and manufacturing.
The general power and manufacturing classifications are further divided into sub-classifications according to their load size. These rates are revised from time to time to reflect changes in costs, including changes in the wholesale cost of power, and are designed to promote the TVA Act's objective of providing an adequate supply of power at the lowest feasible rates.
Termination Notices Six of TVA's distributor customers had notices in effect terminating their power contracts with TVA as of September 30, 2006. On November 3, 2006, TVA announced that distributor customers that have given notice to terminate their power contracts with TVA will have an opportunity to rescind their notices on or before January 10, 2007, without any additional costs. After January 10, 2007, TVA will consider requests for rescission of the notice, but would consider serving the returning distributor customer at the standard prevailing rate plus a reintegration fee for any additional costs necessary to supply the returning load. In December 2006, Warren Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation ("Warren") announced its intention to take advantage of.this opportunity and to enter into a new power supply contract with TVA.
The table below lists the names and locations of the six distributor customers whose termination notices were still in effect, their. contract termination dates, the amount of revenues that TVA generated by selling power to these distributor customers in 2006, and the percentage of TVA'stotal 2006 operating revenues represented by these revenues.
Distributor Customers with Termination Notices in Effect As of September 30,.2006 TVA Sales to Distributor Percentage Date of Termination Customer of TVA Operating Distributor Customer Location of Power Contract in 2006 Revenues in 2006 (in-millions)
Monticello Electric Plant Board' Kentucky November 2008
' 6 0.1%
Glasgow Electric Plant Board Kentucky November 2008 21 0.2%
Warren Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation Kentucky April 2009 97 1.0%
Paducah Power System Kentucky December 2009 39 0.4%
Princeton Electric Plant Board Kentucky January 2010 6
0.1%
Duck River Electric Membership Corporation Tennessee August 2010 101 1.1%
Total 270
_29 In 2006, TVA agreed to a one-year extension of the effective date of termination of TVA's power supply..
contract with Warren and a two-year extension with Duck River Electric Membership. Warren's one-year extension
'includes a surcharge for costs associated with the additional year. (The extended termination dates-are shown in the table above)..
Page 9 of 141
Other Customers Revenues from directly served industrial customers accounted for 11.6 percent of TVA's total.operating revenues in 2006. Directly served customer contracts are normally for 10-year terms. These contracts are subject to termination by TVA or the customer upon a minimum notice period that varies according to the customer's contract demand and the period of time service has been provided.
The United States Enrichment Corporation ("USEC") is TVA's largest directly served industrial customer, with sales to USEC for its Paducah, Kentucky, facility representing 3.9 percent of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006. TVA's current contract with USEC expires on June 1, 2010. In January 2004, USEC announced it will begin constructing a new commercial centrifuge facility in Piketon, Ohio, which is outside TVA's service area. Once this new facility is opened (scheduled to be in 2010), it is unclear how much electricity USEC will acquire from TVA for its Paducah, Kentucky, facility, but it is expected to be substantially lessthan current levels.
Rate Authority TVA is self-regulated and the TVA Act gives the TVA Board sole responsibility for establishing the rates TVA charges for power. These rates are not subject to review or approval by any state or federal regulatory body.
According to the TVA Act, TVA is required to charge rates for power which will produce gross revenues sufficient to provide funds for:
Operation, maintenance, and administration of its power system; Payments to states and counties in lieu of taxes; Debt service on outstanding indebtedness; Payments to the U.S. Treasury in repayment of and as a return on the Appropriation Investment in TVA's power facilities;.and Such additional margin as the TVA Board may consider desirable for investment in power system assets, retirement of outstanding indebtedness, additional reduction of the Appropriation Investment, and other purposes connected with TVA's power business.
In setting TVA's rates, the TVA Board is charged by the TVA Act to have due regard for the primary objectives of the TVA Act, including the objective that power shall be sold at rates'as low as are feasible.
Revenue Requirements In conjunction with setting rates to cover the costs set out in the TVA Act, TVA uses a debt-service coverage
("DSC") methodology to derive annual revenue requirements in a manner similar to that used by other public power entities that also use the DSC rate methodology. The DSC method is essentially a measure of an organization's ability to cover its operating costs and to satisfy its obligations to pay principal and interest on debt. TVA believes this method is appropriate because of.TVA's debt-intensive capital structure. This ratemaking approach is particularly suitable for use by highly leveraged enterprises (i.e., financed primarily, if not entirely, by debt capital). In these enterprises common equity capital does not function, as it does in companies that issue equity, as primary risk capital by providing an adequate buffer against earnings volatility.
The revenue requirements (or projected costs) are typically calculated under the DSC method as the sum of the following components:
- 1)
Fuel and purchased power costs;
- 2)
Operating and maintenance costs;
- 3)
Taxes; and
- 4)
Debt service coverage.
Once the revenue requirements (or projected costs) are determined, this amount is compared to the
,projected revenues for the test year at existing rates to arrive at the shortfall or surplus of revenues as compared to the projected costs. In the event of a projected shortfall, the rates would be adjusted upward to a level sufficient to produce revenues approximately equal to the projected costs. Conversely,- in the event of a projected surplus, the rates would be adjusted downward to a level to produce revenues approximately equal to the projected costs..This Page 10 of 141
reflects the cause-and-effect relation'ship between a regulated entity's costs and the corresponding rates the entity charges for its regulated products and services.
Rate Actions On July 22, 2005, the TVA Board approved a 7.52 percent increase in firm wholesale electric rates effective on October.1, 2005. The TVA Board approved the rate adjustment to fund increases in fuel and purchased power costs as well as increased fuel transportation costs. In 2006, fuel and purchased power costs representedabout 38 percent of TVA's total costs. Costs continued to increase significantly, and on February 13, 2006, the TVA Board approved a 9.95 percent increase in firm wholesale electric rates effective on April 1; 2006. The combined rate increases provided additional revenues of approximately $873 million during 2006.
On July 28, 2006; the TVA Board approved a 4.50 percent decrease in firm wholesale electric rates effective on October 1, 2006.. In connection with the same rate adjustment, the TVA Board also implemented a fuel cost adjustment ("FCA") to be applied quarterly as a mechanism to adjust TVA's rates to reflect changing fuel and purchased power costs beginning in fiscal year 2007. The FCA is initially set to zero and will have its first impact on rates effective January 1, 2007. The FCA amount to be implemented on January 1, 2007, is 0.01 cents per kilowatt-hour and is expected to produce an estimated $3.9 million in revenue.
Power and Energy Forecasts TVA forecasts future power and energy requieements by producing a range of load forecasts to bound the range of uncertainty associated with 1lad growth. TVA produces the load forecasts using probabilities. TVA believes that there. is a 90 percent probability that the actual load will beless than the high load forecast, a 50 percent probability that the actual load will be less than medium load forecast, and a 10 percent probability that the actual load will be less than the low load forecast. TVA's current forecast through 2007 is a high load forecast of 4.0 percent growth, a medium load forecast of 2.9 percent growth, and a low load forecast of 0:4 percent growth' Numerous factors, such as weather conditions and the health of the regional economy, could cause actual results to differ materially from TVA's forecasts.
Power Supply General TVA's power generating facilities in operation at September 30, 2006, included 29 conventional hydroelectric plants, one pumped storage hydroelectric plant, 11 coal-fired plants, three nuclear plants, six combustion turbine plants, two diesel generator plants, one wind energy site, one digester gas plant, and 16 solar energy sites. In addition, TVA acquires power under power purchase agreements, as well as through spot market purchases.
TVA-Owned Generation Facilities The following table summarizes TVA's net generation in millions of kilowatt-hours ("kWh") by generating source and the percentage of all electric power generated by TVA for the years indicated:
Power Supply from TVA-Owned Generation Facilities As of September 30 (millions of kWh) 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 Coal-fired 99,630 64%
98,404 62%
94,648 61%
90,975 60%
94,930.
63%
Nuclear 45,313 29%
45,156 28%
46,003 30%
43,167 29%
45,179 30%
Hydroelectric 9,961.
6%,
15,723 10%
13,916.
9%
16,103 11%
10,205 6%
Combustion turbine and diesel generators 613
<1%
595
<1%
278.
<1%
817
<1%
1,190 1%r Renewable resources 19
<1%
18
<1%
18
<1%
15
<1%
18
<1%
Total 15,5536 100i/o%
15.98 100%
154863 100%
151,077 100%
151.522 1D0%
Coal-Fired. TVA has 11 coal fired power plants consisting of 59-units. At September30, 2006, these' facilities accounted for 15,081 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity. Net dependable capacity isdefined as the net power output which can be obtained for a period adequate to satisfy the daily load patterns under expected Page 11 of 141
conditions of operation with equipment in an average state of maintenance excluding any fluctuations in capacity that may occur due to planned outages, unplanned outages, and deratings. Each of TVA's coal-fired units was placed in service between 1951 and 1973.
Nuclear. TVA has three nuclear plants consisting of five units currently in operation. At September 30, 2006, these facilities accounted for. 5,770 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity. -For a detailed discussion of TVA's nuclear power program, see Item 1, Business -
Nuclear.
Hydroelectric. TVA has 29 conventional hydroelectric plants consisting of 109 units. In addition, TVA has one pumped storage facility consisting of 4 units. At September 30, 2006, these facilities accOunted for 5,144 megawatts of winte.r net dependable capacity. The amount of electricity that TVA is able to generate from its hydroelectric plants depends on a number of factors, including the amount of precipitation, watershed levels, the need-for water for competing water management objectives, and the availability of its hydroelectric generation plants.
When these factors are unfavorable, TVA must increase its reliance on more expensive generation plants and purchased power.
Combustion Turbines. At September 30, 2006, TVA had six com6ustion turbine plants consisting of 72 units, and these facilities accounted for 4,663 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity. TVA's combustion turbines are fueled by natural gas and fuel oil and are quick-start facilities that TVA can use at times of peak demand to supply power to its customers. As of September 30, 2006, 24 of TVA's combustion turbine units were leased to private entities and leased back to TVA under long-term leases. See Note 11 -- Other Financing Obligations. In addition, the TVA Board has authorized the purchase of two additional cormbustion turbine facilities. In October 2006, the TVA Board authorized the acquisition of a 742 megawatt winter peaking capacity, dual-fuel combustion turbine facility and certain related transmission facilities located in Marshall County, Kentucky from KGen Marshall County LLC. In November 2006, the TVA Board approved the acquisition of a natural gas-fired combustion turbine facility located in Weakley County, Tennessee, from Allegheny Energy Supply Gleason Generating Facility, LLC. This facility can produce 555 megawatts of winter peaking capacity.
Diesel Generators. TVA has two diesel generator plants consisting of nine units. At September 30, 2006, these facilities provided 13 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity.
Renewable Resources. TVA has one wind energy site with three wind turbines, one digester gas cofiring site, and 16 solar energy sites. At September 30, 2006, the digester gas cofiring site provided TVA with five megawatts of winter net dependable capacity. In addition, the wind energy site and the photovoltaic sites provided
'two megawatts of capacity, but because of the nature of this capacity, it is not considered to be winter net dependable capacity.
Purchased Power TVA acquires power from a variety of power producers through long-term and short-term power purchase agreements as well as through spot market purchases. During 2006, TVA acquire'd 31 percent of the power that it purchased on the spot market, 40 percent through short-term power purchase agreements and 29 percent through long-term power purchase agreements that expire more than one year after September 30, 2006.
At September 30, 2006, TVA's power purchase agreements provided TVA with 4,275 megawatts of winters net dependable capacity. Counterparties to contracts for 3,008 megawatts of this capacity were in bankruptcy, but the counterparties have continued to perform under their power purchase agreements with TVA throughout their bankruptcy proceedings. See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Risk Management Activities -
Credit Risk. A portion of TVA's winter net dependable capacity
.provided by power purchase agreements is provided under long-term contracts that expire between 2010 and 2032, and the most significant of these contracts are discussed below.
Tapoco, Inc: Four hydroelectric plants owned by Tapoco, Inc. ("Tapoco"), a subsidiary of Alcoa, Inc.
("Alcoa"), are operated in coordination with the TVA system. Under contractual arrangements with Tapoco which terminate on June 20, 2010, TVA purchases the electric power generated at these facilities and. uses it to partially supply Alcoa's energy.needs. TVA's arrangement with Tapoco provides 362 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity.
Southeastern Power Administration. Under arrangements among TVA, the U.S. Army Corps-of Engineers, and the Southeastern Power Administration ("SEPA"), eight hydroelectric plants of the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers on the Cumberland River system are operated in coordination with the TVA system. These arrangements provide for 405 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity as well as Page 12 of 141
all surplus energy from the Cumberland River system to be supplied to TVA by SEPA at the points of '
generation at a price based on the operating and maintenance expenses and amortization of the power facilities. A portion of the output of the Cumberland River system is also made available to SEPA's customers outside the TVA region. The agreement with SEPA covering these arrangements for power from the Cumberland River system can.be terminated upon three years' notice, but this notice of termination may not become effective prior to June 30, 2017.
Choctaw Generation, L.P. TVA has contracted with Choctaw Generation L.P.. ("Choctaw") for 440 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity from a lignite-fired generating plant in Chester, Mississippi. TVA's contract with Choctaw expires on March 31, 2032.
Under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, as amended ("PURPA"), TVA is obligated to purchase such energy at TVA's avoided, cost as may be "put" to TVA from time to time from qualifying independent, non-utility power producers. At September 30, 2006, TVA had such PURPA-required contracts with seven such producers, with a combined capacity of 906 megawatts, but in October 2006, one of these contracts expired. The expired contract was with a producer with approximately three megawatts of capacity. Because of the nature of TVA's obligations under these PURPA-required contracts, the capacity of the associated qualifying generation facilities is not included in TVA's net dependable capacity calculations.
During the past five years, TVA supplemented its power generation through power purchases as follows:
Purchased Power (in millions of kWh) 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 20,017 16,637 15,148 15,760 12,241 These purchase agreements provide between 7.5 percent and 11.4 percent of TVA's total power supply during these years.
For more information regarding TVA's power purchase obligations, see Note 13 -
Commitments -
Power Purchase Obligations.
Net Dependable Capacity The following table summarizes the winter net dependable capacity in megawatts TVA had available as of September 30, 2006:
Page 13 of 141
TVA WINTER NET DEPENDABLE CAPACITY As of September 30, 2006 Winter Net, Date First Unit Date Last Unit Number of Dependable Placed in Placed in Source of Capacity Location Units Capacity (MW) 1 Service Service Coal-Fired Allen Tennessee
- 3.
750 1959 1959 Bull Run Tenne~see 1
889 1967 1967 Colbert Alabama 5
1,201 1955 1965 Cumberland Tennessee 2
2,524 1973 1973 Gallatin Tennessee 4
988 1956 1959 John Sevier Tennessee 4
712 1955 1957 Johnsonville*
Tennessee 10 1,254 1951 1959 Kingston.
1,448 1954 1955 Paradise-Kentucky 3
2,318 1963 1970 Shawnee Kentucky 10 1,369
- 1953, 1956i Widows Creek Alabama 8
1 628 1952 1965 Total Coal-Fired o 59 15,081 Nuclear Browns Ferry Alabama.
2 2,269 1974 1977 Sequoyah Tennessee 2
2,333 1981 1982 Watts Bar Tennessee 1
1168 1996 1996 Total Nuclear 5
5,770 Hydroelectric Conventional Plants Alabama 36 1,146 1925 1962 Georgia 2
32 1931 1956 Kentucky 5
165 1944 1948 North Carolina 8
536 1940 1956 Tennessee.
58 1,647 1912 1972 Pumped Storage Tennessee 4
1618
-1978 1979 Total Hydroelectric 113' 5,144 Combustion Turbine Allen Tennessee 20 575 1971 1972 Colbert Alabama 8
486 1972 1972 Gallatin Tennessee 8
730 1975 2000 JThnsonville
.ennessee 20 1,372 1975 2000 Kemper Mississippi 4
374 2001 2001
- Lagoon Creek Tennessee 12 1,126
.2002 2002 Total Combustion Turbine 72 4,6632 Diesel Generator Meridian Mississippi 5
9 1998 1998 Albertville Alabama 4,
4 2000 2000 Total Diesel Generators 9
13 Renewable Resources Owned by TVA
.5 Total TVA-Owned Generation Facilities.
30,676 Power Purchase Agreements Tapoco 362 SEPA 405 Choctaw 440 Other Power Purchase Agreements 3,068 Total Power Purchase Agreements 4275 Total Winter Net Dependable Capacity Notes (1)
Net dependable capacity is the net power output which can be obtained for a period adequate to satisfy the daily load patterns under expected conditions of operation with equipment in an average state of maintenance excluding any fluctuations in capacity that may occur due to planned outages, unplanned outages, and deratings. TVA currently estimates gas, combustion turbine, and diesel generator capacity at 95 degrees Fahrenheit for summer net dependable capacity and at 25 degrees Fahrenheit for winter net dependable capacity. For planning purposes, TVA estimated total summer net dependable capacity at September 30, 2006 to be approximately 33,653 megawatts, including hydroelectric capacity of approximately 5,458 megawatts, coal-fired capacity of approximately 14,709 megawatts, nuclear power capacity of approximately 5,611 megawatts, combustion turbine capacity of approximately 3,708 megawatts, diesel generator capacity of approximately 13 megawatts, capacity from renewable assets of approximately five megawatts, and capacity from power purchase agreements of approximately 4,149 megawatts.
(2)
As of September 30, 2006, 24 of TVA's combustion turbine units were leased to private entities and leased back to TVA under long-term leases.
Page 14 of 141
Nuclear Overview TVA has five operating nuclear units, one deferred nuclear unit, and one nuclear unit in recovery that is scheduled to.be returned to service in 2007. Two units were canceled during 2006. Selected statistics of each of these units are included in the table below.
TVA Nuclear Power As of September 30, 2006 Installed Capacity Net Capacity Date of Expiration of Date of Expiration of Nuclear Unit Status (Megawatts)
Factor for 2006 Operating License Construction License Sequoyah Unit 1 Operating 1,221 88.9 2020 Sequoyah Unii2
, Operating 1,221 98.0 2021 Browns Ferry Unit 2 Operating.
1,190 96.4 20343 Browns Ferry Unit 3 Operating 1,190 84.7 2036_
Watts Bar Unit 1 Operating 1,270 84.0 2035 Watts Bar Unit 2 Deferred 1 2010 Bellefonte Unit 1 Canceled 2 Bellefonte Unit 2 Canceled 2 Browns Ferry Unit 1 Recovery 4 1,150 20333 Notes (1)
Per the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's definition of deferred nuclear units. TVA is planning to perform a detailed scoping, estimating, and planning study at Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Unit 2 during 2007 and 2008 and has budgeted $30 million for the study. Watts Bar Unit 2 is a partially completed nuclear unit similar in design to the operating Watts Bar Unit 1. The purpose of the study is to provide accurate cost, schedule, and risk information to enable a more informed future decision regarding new base load generation. No decision has been made to actually complete Watts Bar Unit 2.
(2)
In September 2006, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission ("NRC") approved TVA's request to terminate the construction permits for unfinished Bellefonte Units 1 and 2. The TVA Board approved canceling the Bellefonte construction project in November 2005. Neither of these actions interferes in any way with TVA's ability to use the site for future projects.
(3)
On May 3, 2006, the NRC approved TVA's applications for 20-year license extensions for these units. (The expiration dates listed in the table reflect the extensions.)
(4)
Browns Ferry Unit 1 is expected to return to service in 2007 and is expected initially to provide additional generating capacity of approximately 1,150 megawatts and eventually to provide 1,280 megawatts of capacity. At September 30, 2006, the restart construction at Browns Ferry Unit 1 was approximately 94 percent complete.
Spent Nuclear Fuel Under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, TVA (and other domestic nuclear utility licensees) entered into a contract with the U.S. Department of Energy ("DOE") for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Payments to DOE are based upon TVA's nuclear generation and charged to nuclear fuel expense. Although the contracts called for DOE to begin accepting spent nuclear fuel from the utilities by January 31, 1998, DOE announced that it will not begin receiving spent nuclear fuel from any domestic nuclear utility until 2010 at the earliest. TVA, like other'nuclear utilities, stores spent nuclear fuel in pools of borated water at its nuclear sites. Although TVA would have had sufficient space to continue to store spent nuclear fuel in those storage pools at its Sequoyah and Browns Ferry Nuclear Plants indefinitely had DOE begun accepting spent nuclear fuel, DOE's failure to do so required TVA to construct dry cask storage facilities at its Browns Ferry and Sequoyah Nuclear Plants and to purchase special storage containers for the spent nuclear fuel. '(Watts Bar Nuclear Plant currently has sufficient storage capacity in its spent fuel pool to last until approximately 2018.) The Browns Ferry and Sequoyah dry cask storage facilities have been constructed and approved by the NRC and are now in use. To recover the cost of providing long-term, on-site storage for spent nuclear fuel, TVA filed a breach of contract suit against the United States in the Court of Federal Claims in 2001. In August 2006, the United States paid TVA the damages awarded by the Court of Federal Claims.
The damages, amounting to almost $35 million, partially offset the construction costs of the dry cask storage facilities that TVA incurred through 2004. The cumulative cost of the capitalized storage facilities totaled approximately $61 million as of September 30, 2006, and is included in PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT on the Balance Sheets. TVA plans to bring additional claims against DOE to recover costs that TVA has incurred after 2004.
Low-Level Radioactive Waste Low-level radioactive waste ("radwaste") results from the normal operation of nuclear units and includes such materials as disposable protective.clothing, mops, and filters. TVA has contracted to dispose of radwaste at a Barnwell, South Carolina, disposal facility through June 2008. After June 2008, TVA will no longer be able to use this Page 15 of 141
disposal facility and will have to consider other options, which may include storing the radwaste at its own facilities as it has done in the past.
Nuclear Decommissioning Trust TVA maintains a nuclear decommissioning trust to provide money for the ultimate decommissioning of its nuclear power plants. The trust is invested in securities generally designed to achieve a return in line with overall equity market performance. Theassets of the trust as of September 30, 2006, totaled $937 million, which is greater than the present value of TVA's estimated future nuclear decommissioning costs as computed under the NRC funding requirements. See Note 13 -
Contingencies -
Decommissioning Costs.
Nuclear Insurance The Price-Anderson Act provides a layered framework of protection to compensate for losses arising from a nuclear event. For the first layer, all NRC nuclear plant licensees, inclu'ding TVA, purchase $300 million of nuclear liability insurance from American Nuclear Insurers ("ANI") for each plant with an operating license. The second layer, the Secondary Financial Program ("SFP"), would come from an assessment of up to $101 million from the licensees of each of the 104 NRC licensed reactors in the United States. The assessment for any nuclear accident would be limited to $15 million per year per reactor. ANI, under a contract with the NRC,.administers the SFP. With its six licensed units, TVA could be required to pay a maximum of $604 million per nuclear incident, but it would have to pay no more than $90 million per incident in any one year. When the contributions of the nuclear plant licensees are added to the insurance proceeds of $300 million, over $10.7 billion would be available. Under the Price-Anderson Act, if the first two layers are exhausted, Congress is required to take action to provide additional funds to cover the additional losses.
TVA carries property; decommissioning, and decontamination insurance of $4.2 billion for its licensed nuclear plants, with up to $2.1 billion available for a loss~at any one site, to cover.the cost of stabilizing or shutting down a reactor after an accident. Some of this insurancemay require the payment of retrospective premiums up to a maximum of approximately $64 million.
TVA purchases accidenta! outage (business interruption) insurance for TVA's nuclear sites from Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited ("NEIL"). In the event that an accident covered by this policy takes a nuclear unit offline or keeps a nuclear unit offline, NEIL will pay TVA, after a deductible waiting period, an indemnity (a set dollar amount per week) up to a maximum indemnity* of $490 million per unit. This insurance policy may require the payment of retrospective premiums up to a maximum of approximately $23 million. See Note 13 -
Contingencies -
Nuclear Insurance.
Tritium-Related Services TVA helps produce tritium at certain nuclear facilities under a contract with DOE. See Note 13 -
Commitments -
Tritium-Related ServicesL Fuel Supply General TVA's consumption of various typesof fuel depends on several factors, the most important of which are the demand for electricity by TVA's customers, the availability of, various generating units, and the availability and cost of fuel, The following table indicates TVA's costs for various fuels for the years indicated:
Fuel cost (in millions of dollars) 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 Coal
$1,835
$1,495
$1,254'
$1,242
$1,233 Natural Gas 60 63 22 42 50 Fuel Oil 46 28 17 40 14 Uranium 71 44 16 42 38 Total
$2M2
$130.
$1 Mc)
$41.3,6 s
The following table indicates TVA's average fuel costs in cents per kilowatt-hoursfor the years indicated:
Page 16 of 141.
Fuel Cost Per kWh (cents/kWh) 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 Coal 2.02 1.65 1.48 1.43 1.39 Natural gas and fuel oil 10.65 11.44 9.01 7.61 4.65 Nuclear 0.38 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.41 Aggregate fuel cost per kWh net thermal generation 1.54 1.30 1.14 1.14 1.11 Beginning with the implementation of the fuel cost adjustment mechanism on October 1, 2006, TVA's rates will be adjusted on a quarterly basis to reflect changing fuel and purchased power costs. See Item 1, Business -
Rate Actions.
Coal Coal consumption at TVA's coal-fired generating facilities during 2006 was 46.4 million tons. As of September 30, 2006, and 2005, TVA had 20 days and 16 days of system-wide coal supply at full burn, respectively, with a net book value of coal inventory of $214 million and $149 million, respectively.
During 2006, TVA had in place coal contracts with terms of more than one year, which supplied 83 percent of TVA's total coal requirements for 2006. These contracts have expiration dates ranging from October 1, 2006, to September 30, 2017, and TVA plans to continue signing contracts of various lengths, terms, and quality to meet its expected burn requirements..The remaining 17 percent of coal purchased during 2006 was purchased in the spot coal market under contracts with terms of one year or less. During 2006, TVA's coal supply was acquired as follows:
37 percent from the Illinois Basin; 25 percent from the Powder River Basin in Wyoming; 19 percent from the Uinta Basin of Utah and Colorado; and 19 percent from the Appalachian Basin of Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
During 2006, TVA purchased additional Appalachian Basin and Illinois Basin coals to replace shortages in deliveries from the Powder River Basin and Uinta Basin. By.early summer 2006, coal inventories were at or above normal levels. During 2006, 40 percent of TVA's coal supply was delivered by rail, 21 percent was delivered by barge, and 34 percent was delivered by a combination of barge and rail. The remainder was delivered by truck.
Natural Gas, and Fuel Oil During 2006, TVA purchased substantially all of its natural gas requirements from a variety of suppliers under contracts with terms of one year or less. TVA purchases substantially all of its natural gas-to operate combustion turbine peaking units and to supply fuel undeE power purchase agreements in which TVA is the fuel supplier. At September 30, 2006, all of TVA's combustion turbines were dual fuel capable, and TVA has fuel oil stored on each site as a backup to natural gas. During 2006, TVA purchased substantially all of its fuel oil on the spot market.- At September 30, 2006; and 2005, the net book value of TVA's natural gas in inventory was $2 million and $0.4 million, respectively, and the net book value of TVA's fuel oil in inventory was $54 million and $35 million, respectively.
Nuclear Fuel.
Converting uranium to nuclear fuel generally involves four stages: the mining and milling of uranium ore to produce uranium concentrates; the conversion of uranium concentrates to uranium hexafluoride gas; enrichment of uranium hexafluoride; and the fabrication of the enriched uranium hexafluoride into usable fuel assemblies. TVA currently has 100 percent of its forward five-year (2007 through 2011) uranium requirements either in inventory or under contract for its boiling water reactor units at Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant and has 100 percent of its forward five-year (2007 through 2011) uranium requirements under contract for its pressurized water reactor units at Sequoyah and Watts Bar Nuclear Plants. In addition, TVA has 100 percent of its conversion, enrichment, and fabrication needs under contract through 2011. TVA plans to meet future uranium requirements through a combination of term.and spot purchase contracts.
Page 17 of 141
TVA, DOE, and nuclear fuel contractors have entered into agreements providing for surplus DOE uranium that exceeds enrichment levels that can be used in a nuclear power plant to be blended with other uranium down to a level that allows the blended uranium to be fabricated into fuel that can be used in a nuclear plant. This fuel was successfully loaded in Browns Ferry Unit 3 in April 2006 and will provide approximately 11 to 12 more reloads for the Browns Ferry reactors. Under the terms of the interagency agreement, DOE supplies off-specification, highly enriched uranium materials to the appropriate third party fuel processors, either by themselves or through subcontractors, for processing into usable fuel for TVA. In exchange, DOE will participate to a degree inthe savings generated by TVA's use of this blended nuclear fuel product. Over the life of the program, TVA projects that DOE's share of savings generated by TVA's use of this blended nuclear fuel could result in future payments to DOE of as much as $272 million under the interagency agreement. TVA anticipates these future payments could begin in 2009.
See Note 1 -
Blended Low Enriched Uranium Program, for a more detailed discussion of the blended low enriched uranium project.
TVA owns all nuclear fuel held for its nuclear plants. As of September 30, 2006, and2005, the net book value of this nuclear fuel was $491 million and $340 million, respectively.
For a discussion of TVA's plans with respect to spent nuclear fuel storage, see Item 1, Business -
Nuclear Spent Nuclear Fuel.
Transmission Operations The TVA transmission system is one of the largest in North America having delivered nearly 172 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity in 2006 and having maintained 99.999 percent reliability over the last seven years in delivering electricity to customers. This system is comprised of:
Approximately 17,000 circuit miles of transmission lines, including 2,400 miles of extra-high-voltage (500,000 volt) transmission lines; 537 substations, power switchyards, and switching stations; 0
1,045 individual interchange and customer connection points; and
- 260,000 right-of-way acres.
The TVA transmission organization offers transmission services, similar to those offered by other transmission operators, in accordance with standards of conduct that separate its transmission functions from TVA's marketing functions.
Also, TVA is cooperating with other transmission systems to improve regional coordination in the operation of the bulk transmission system. The ihitial step of this coordination effort was to establish aljoint transmission reliability area with other public power systems. In 2002, TVA entered into reliability coordination agreements With Associated Electric Cooperative Inc., Big Rivers Electric Corporation, and East Kentucky Power Cooperative, Inc. In 2004, Electric Energy, Inc. joined this effort, and in 2006, TVA began providing reliability coordination services for Kentucky Utilities Company and Louisville Gas and Electric Company.
TVA has been designated by the North American Electric Reliability Council ("NERC") to serve as the reliability coordinator for parts of 11 states covering 199,000 square miles with a population of nearly 11 million, people. As the reliability coordinator for this region, TVA is responsible for monitoring and helping to ensure the reliable operation of the bulk transmission system in a region that includes portions of Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Virginia. TVA is one of 17 reliability coordination offices in NERC.
TVA has a joint reliability coordination agreement with the Midwest Independent Transmis sion System.
Operator and PJM Interconnection, LLC to improve the reliability of the regional grid. This effort includes a coordinated.approach to transmission capacity availability, system outage approval, congestion management, and transmission planning. Similar agreements to develop analysis and operational processes in support of regional transmission reliability have been executed with Entergy Services, Inc., Southwest Power Pool, Inc., and VACAR South RC (a Virginia Carolina reliability group). An agreement is pending with Southern Company Services', Inc.
Page 18 of 141
Reliability. Coordinator Map Arkansas SAECI - Associated Electric Cooperetire.
Inc.
EEl - Electric Energy, Inc.
EKPC - East Kentucky Power Cooperative, Inc.
LG&EiKU
- LoutmvIlle Gea & Eecrc I Kentucky Utitlee Co.
Big Rivene Electric Corporetion "mWVA
- Tenneee Volley Authority Stewardship Activities TVA is responsible for managing the Tennessee River and its tributaries - the United States' fifth largest river system - to provide, among other things, year-round navigation, flood damage reduction,'affordable and'reliable electricity, and, consistent with these primary purposes, recreational Opportunities, adequate-water supply, improved water quality, and economic development. TVA owns and operates 49,dams, which comprise its integrated reservoir system. Twenty-nine of these dams produce conventional hydroelectric power,-and one additional project is solely a pumped storage hydroelectric project. The reservoir system provides 800 miles of commercially navigable waterway, and also provides significant flood reduction benefits both within the Tennessee River system and downstream on the lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The reservoir system also provides a water supply for residential and industrial customers, including cooling water for some of TVA's fossil fuel and nuclear power plants.
TVA reservoirs and public lands provide outdoor recreation opportunities for millions of visitors each year.
TVA has stewardship responsibility for 293,000 acres of reservoir land, 11,000 miles of shoreline, and 650,000 acres of reservoir water surface available for recreation and other purposes. TVA owns over 100 recreation facilities-such as campgrounds, boat ramps, fishing piers, and picnic areas.
Seasonality Weather affects both the demand for and the market price.s of electricity. TVA's power system peaks in both the summer and the winter, so TVA typically sells more electricity during the summer and the winter-than in the spring and the fall. See Item 1A, Risk Factors, for a discussion of the potential impact of weather on TVA.
TVA uses weather degree days to measure the impact of weather on TVA's power operations. TVA calculates weather degree days for each of the five largest.cities in TVA's service area. If the average temperature Page 19 of 141
for a given day in one of these cities exceeds 65 degrees Fahrenheit, that city will have cooling degree days for that day equal to the amount by which the average temperature for that day exceeds 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Similarly, if the average temperature for a given day in one of these cities is lower than 65 degrees Fahrenheit, that city will have heating degree days for that day equal to the amount by which 65 degrees Fahrenheit exceeds the average temperature for that day.
During 2006, TVA had 162 more heating degree days and 32 more cooling degree days than in 2005.. The graph below shows the number of heating and cooling degree days for 2006, 2005, and 2004 as compared to the normal number of heating and cooling degree days.
Heating and Cooling Degree Days 4,000
'3,500 3,000 o
2,500 2,000 (D
1,500 S 1,000
'~
500 2004 2005 2006 Heating degree days C
Cooling degree days ---
Heating Days (Normal) -
Cooling Days !(Normal)
Competition TVA sells electricity in a service area that is largely free of competition from other electric power providers.
This service area is defined primarily by two provisions of law: one called the "fence" and one called the "anti-cherrypicking" provision. The fence limits the region in which TVA or distributors of TVA power may provide power.
The anti-cherrypicking provision limits'the ability of othe'rs toprovide power within the service"area because they are not entitled to use the TVA transmission system for the purpose'of delivering power to customers within*the service area. Bristol, Virginia, was exempted from the ahti-cherrypicking provision, Of the six distributors that had notices terminating their power cont racts still in effect at September 30, 2006, five are in Kentucky. See Item 1, Business-' Customers -
Termination Notices. Power rates in Kentucky are among the lowest in the nation. Warren Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation ("Warren") andEast Kentucky Power Cooperative ("East Kentucky") have entered into an arrangement under which Warren Will become a member of East Kentucky, and East Kentucky will supply Warren after its power contract with TVA expires in 2009. After agreeing to become Warren's power supplier, East Kentucky asked TVA to provide transmission service to East Kentucky for its service to Warren. TVA denied the request on the basis that, under the anti-cherrypicking provision, it wasnot required to do so. East Kentucky then asked to interconnect its transmission system with the TVA transmission system in three places that are currently delivery points through which TVA supplies power to Warren. TVA did not agree to provide the interconnections, and East Kentucky asked the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
("FERC") to order TVA to provide the i nterconnections. In January 2006, FERC issued a final order directing TVA to interconnect its transmission facilities with East Kentucky'ssystem at three locations on the TVA transmission system. TVA believes this order is contrary'tb the anti-cherrypicking provision, and, on August 11, 2006, TVA filed an appeal in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circdit seeking review of this order. See Note 16-Customers.
In July, 2005, Senator Jim Bunning (R-KY) and Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) introduced a bill (S. 1499) that would effectively remove any area within Kentucky from coverage by the anti-cherrypicking provision. If the bill Page 20 of 141
- were to become law, FERC could require TVA to provide wheeling from other power suppliers to wholesale customers inside that portion of TVA's service area that is within Kentucky. The bill was referred to and remains in the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee.
In 2000, restructuring legislation for competition in the electric power industry appeared imminent. In response, TVA, the Tennessee Valley Public Power Association ("TVPPA"), an association representing distributors of TVA power, and the Tennessee Valley Industrial Committee ("TVIC"), an organization representing industries that TVA directly serves, reached consensus on draft legislation addressing the relationships between TVA and its customers in a restructured electric power industry. The draft legislation, as revised by TVA, TVPPA, and TVIC in 2003, provides for:
Simultaneous repeal, on the effective' date of the restructuring legislation, of the fence and the anti-cherrypicking provision, A distributor customer option to gradually take up to a maximum of 30 percent of its power requirements from other suppliers with advance notice to TVA, New limitations on TVA retail sales in TVA's current service area,'
Stranded cost recovery through 2007, FERC regulation to ensure that TVA charges others transmission service rates and imposes on others terms and conditions of service comparable to those TVA charges and imposes on itself, TVA to be subject to antitrust laws (with the exception of monetary damages and attorney's fees),
At individual distributor customer election, a reduction in TVA's existing regulation of distributor customers, and New TVA generation to be limited to that nee'ded to meet-demand within the current TVA service area.
While earlier versions of this legislation were introduced in Congress, the 2003 version has never~been introduced and is not part of any pending or anticipated bill.
Regulation Congress TVA exists pursuant to legislation enacted by Congress and carries on its operations in accordance with this legislation. Congress has the authority to change this legislation and thereby expand or reduce TVA's activities or significantly change TVA's structure. To allow TVA to operate more flexibly than a traditional government agency, Congress exempted TVA from some general federal laws that govern other agencies, such *as laws related to the hiring of employees, the procurement of supplies and services, and the acquisition of land' Other federal laws enacted since the creation of TVA have been. made applicable to TVA including those:related to the protection of the environment and cultural resources and civil rights laws.
Securities and Exchange Commission As part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, Congress added Section 37 to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). This section requires TVA to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission beginning with this Annual Report such periodic, current, and supplementary information, documents, and reports.as would be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act if TVA were an issuer of a security registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Although TVA is not a "publicutility" as defined; in the Federal Power Act ("FPA") and is thus not subject to the full jurisdiction of the FERC under the FPA, FERC regulation does affect some of TVA's activities, including transmission, interconnection, and, potentially, a limited type of power.transaction that TVA does not now use.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission TVA operates its nuclear facilities in a highly regulated environment and is overseen by the NRC, an independent agency which sets the-rulesthat users of radioactive materials.must.follow. The NRC.has broad
.authority to imposerequirements relating to the licensing, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear generating facilities.
Page 21 of 141
Environmental Protection Agency TVA is subject to regulation by the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") in a variety of areas, including air quality control, water quality control, and management and disposal of hazardous wastes. See Item 1, Business
-- Environmental Matters.
States The Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution prohibits states, without congressional consent, from regulating the manner in which the federal government conducts its activities. As a federal agency, TVA is exempt from regulation, control, and taxation by states except in certain areas such as air and water quality where Congress has given the states limited powers to regulate federal activities.
Governmental Entities TVA's activities and records are also subject to review by various entities including TVA's Office of Inspector General and the following agencies: the Government Accountability Office;' the Congressional Budget Office, and the Office of Management and Budget.
Payments in Lieu of Taxes TVA is not subject to federal income taxes, and neither TVA nor its property, franchises, or income are subject to taxation by states or their subdivisions*. However, the TVA Act requires TVA to make payments in lieu of taxes to states and counties in which TVA conducts power operations and in which TVA has acquired properties previously subject to state and local taxation. The amount of these payments is five percent of gross revenues from the sale of power during the preceding year excluding sales or deliveries to other federal agencies and exchange sales with other utilities, with a provision for minimum payments under certain circumstances.
TVA In Lieu of Tax Payments by State (in millions) 2006 2005 2004 Alabama
$ 93
$ 89
$ 81 Georgia 6
6 "5
<1
<1
<1 Kentucky 33 30 27 Mississippi 20 20 19 North Carolina 2
2
<1
<1
<1 5676 S338 Environmental Matters As is the case across the utility industry and in other industrial sectors, TVA's activities are subject to certain federal, state, and local environmental statutes and regulations. Major-areas of regulation affecting TVA's activities include air quality control, water quality control, and management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes.
TVA has incurred and continues to incur substantial capital and operating and maintenance costs in order to comply with evolving environmental requirements. Many of these costs are associated with the operation of TVA's 59 coal-fired generating units. While it is not possible to predict with any precision how these evolving requirements will impact the operation of existing and new coal-fired and other fossil-fuel generating units, it is virtually certain that environmental requirements placed on the operation of these generating units will continue to.become more v
restrictive. Litigation over emissions from coal-fired generating units is also occurring, including litigation against TVA. See Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
Several existing regulatory programs have been and are being made more stringent in their application to fossil-fuel units, and additional regulatory programs affecting fossil-fuel units were promulgated in 2005, including the Clean Air Interstate Rule ("CAIR"), which requires significant utility reductions of emissions of sulfur dioxide ("SO2"-
and nitrogen oxides ("NO.") in the eastern half of the United States (including in all of TVA's operating area), and the Page 22 of 141
Clean Air Mercury Rule ("CAMR"). TVA had previously estimated its total capital cost for reducing emissions from its power plants from 1977 through 2010 to reach $5.8 billion, $4.6 billion of which had already been spent as of September 30, 2006. TVA estimates that compliance with CAIR and CAMR could lead to additional costs of $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion in the next decade if TVA should continue to operate all of its present coal plants. As discussed in more detail below, there could be additional material costs if reductions of carbon dioxide ("CO 2") are mandated, or if future legislative, regulatory, or judicial actions lead to more stringent emission reduction requirements, but these costs cannot reasonably be predicted at this time. TVA will continue to monitor those developments and will assess any potential financial impacts as information becomes available.
Clean Air Developments Air quality in the United States has significantly improved since the enactment of the modern Clean Air Act
("CAA") in 1970. These air quality improvements are expected to continue as the CAA continues to be implemented and through the evolution of programs as a result of legislative and regulatory changes. Three substances emitted from coal-fired units have been the focus of emission reduction regulatory programs: SO 2, NO), and particulates.
Expenditures related toclean air projects during 2006 and 2005 were approximately $182 million and $202 million, respectively. These figures include expenditures in 2006 of $6 million to continue to reduce NOx emissions through the installation of selective catalytic reduction ("SCR") systems, and of $146 million for the installation of flue gas desulphurization systems ("scrubbers") to continue to reduce SO2 emissions, each of which are explained in more
' detail below. The aforementioned estimates do not include additional capital costs of $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion that-TVA expects to incur over the next decade to comply with CAIR and CAMR. Increasingly stringent regulation of some or all of these substances, and possibly carbon dioxide, will continue to result in significant capital and operating costs forcoal-fired generating units, including thoseoperated by TVA.
- Sulfur Dioxide Coal-fired utilities have historically emitted large amounts of SO2. Utility SO2 emissions are currently regulated under the Federal Acid Rain Program and state programs designed to meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for S02 and fine particulate matter. Looking forward, additional regulation of SO2 emissions from some units will result from implementation of the Regional Haze Program and for more units as a result of the CAIR.
In May 2005, EPA finalized CAIR to reduce the interstate transport of fine particulate matter and ozone by requiring large reductions in utility emissions of NOx and SO2 from 28 eastern states. CAIR is currently in effect in all of these states as a federal rule. States in TVA's service area are submitting plans to EPA to implement CAIR as state rules and have only proposed a few minor modifications to the federal model rule which establishes an emission allowance driven program, capping regional emissions of SO 2 and NOx among the targeted states. SO 2 caps are reduced in two phases, 2010 and 2015.
Since 1977, TVA has reduced its SO 2 emissions by approximately 80 percent by switching to lower-sulfur coals, re-powering a unit at its Shawnee Fossil Plant with the advanced Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion
("AFBC") technology, and installing scrubbers on six.of its larger units. A seventh scrubber at unit 3 of the Paradise Fossil Plant has been constructed and is going through shakedown testing prior to, being placed in operation. TVA broke ground in 2005 on its eighth scrubber at its Bull Run Fossil Plant and in 2006 broke ground on two more scrubbers at its Kingston Fossil Plant as part of its previously announced plans to achieve a total SO2 emission reduction of 80 to 85 percent compared to the 1977 level. Additionally, TVA has switched, or plansto switch, to lower sulfur coal on several additional units in the next few years. These near-term plans are unlikely to change. It is likely that additional emission reduction measures will have to be undertaken after these planned actions are completed to achieve compliance with CAIR and possible future tightening of applicable requirements.
Nitrogen Oxides Utility NO, emissions are extensively regulated and will be regulated further under state programs to achieve i and maintain EPA's national ambient air quality standard for ozone, the acid rain control program, the regional haze program (depending on when units commenced operations and their effects on sensitive areas), and CAIR, as discussed above. Since 1995, TVA has reduced its NOx emissions during the summer (when ozone levels increase) by 81 percent by installing various controls including low-NOx burners and/or combustion controls on 58 of its coal fired units. (The AFBC unit at Shawnee is inherently low NOx emitting.) TVA has also installed SCR's on 21 of its
- largest units. In 2005, TVA installed Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction ("SNCR") systems on two units to demonstrate long term technology capability. TVA has continued operating these two new SNCR installations through the 2006 ozone season. SNCRs generally cost less to install than SCRs but have lower NOx removal capabilities. Early in 2006, TVA began testing a High Energy Reagent Technology ("HERT") on three units for potential future application. HERT is similar to SNCR, has lower capital costs than SCRs, and appears to have lower NOx removal capabilities than SCRs but higher removal capabilities than SNCRs. The initial HERT testing program Page 23 of 141
was successful. As a result, in 2007, TVA will install this technology-on two coal-fired units that were previously:
targeted for SNCR installations to. demonstrate the HERT technology on a potentially permanent basis. TVA's NOx.
emission reduction program is expected to continue to depend primarily on SCRs, but will also likely incorporate some mix of SNCRs and/or HERTs as TVA gains more-experience with these technologies. These plans may
-change depending on the timing and severity of future regulatory developments potentially affecting power plant emissions. For example, EPA is currently reviewing the existing national ambient air quality standard for ozone and may make it more stringent.
In 2004, EPA issued final non-attainment designations under the current eight-hour ozone standard.
Several counties within the TVA region were designated as not in attainment with that standard. Some of these counties have entered into "Early Action Compacts" with EPA and have taken steps such as instituting vehicle emissions testing, lowering speed limits, and other activities to help reduce'summer ozone levels. In exchange, these counties are exempted from some of the negative consequences of a "non-attainment" designation. The TVA NOx emission reductions described above have been a contributor to improving summer ozone-levels in those areas, especially in Tennessee. Current monitoring indicates that all counties are making progress towardmeeting~the lower standard and achieving an attainment designation. The NOx reduction requirements of CAIR will continue to help states achieve EPA's ozone and fine particle standards. CAIR caps and reduces NOx emissions in two steps, -"
2009 and 2015.
Particulates/Opacity Coarse particulates (particulates of 10 micrometers or larger and especially fly ash) have long been regulated by states to meet EPA's national ambient air quality standard for particulate matter. TVA's coal-firedunits have been equipped with mechanical collectors, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, or, baghouses, which have reduced-particulate emissions from the TVA system by more than 99 percent compared to uncontrolled units. In 1997, the EPA for the first time issued separate national ambient air quality standards for even smaller particles with a size of up to 2.5 micrometers ("fine particles"). In December 2004 and April 2005, EPA issued final determinations regarding which areas of the country are not in attainment withthe 1997 fine particles standard. Those'non-.
attainment areas include counties and parts of counties in the Knoxville and Chattanooga., Tennessee metropolitan areas. In September 2006, EPA revised the 1997 standards. The 2006 revisions tighten the 24-hour fine particle standard and retain the current annual fine particle standard'.: EPA also decided to retain the existing 24-hour.
standard for coarse particles, but-revoked the related annual standard. A preliminary review of the current monitoring data indicates that no additional counties likely will be classified-as non-attainment areas under the revised 2006 standards, although actual designations will be-based on subsequent year's monitoring data. - CAIR is intended-to help states attain the fine particle standards, and actions taken to reduceemissions under CAIR, including those planned by TVA, are expected to continue the reduction in fine particle levels. -
Issues regarding utility compliance with state opacity requirements are also increasing. Opacity measures the denseness (or color) of power plant plumes and has -traditionally-been used by states as a means of monitoring good maintenance and operation of particulate control equipment. Under some conditions, retrofitting a unit-with additional equipment-to.better control S0 2 and NOx.emissions can adversely affect opacity performance,-and TVA -
and other utilities are now addressing this issue. -There are also disputes with-special interest groups over-the role of continuous opacity monitors in determining compliance with opacity limitations.
Mercury In December 2000, the EPA determined that it was appropriate and, necessary to regulate mercury emissions from oil and coal-fired power plants as a hazardous air pollutant under the CAA. In March 2005, it reversed that earlier decision, and instead issued CAMR. CAMR establishes caps for overall merccry emissions in two phases, with the first phase becoming effective in 2010 and the second in 2018. It allows the states to regulate mercury emissions through a market-based cap-and-trade program.! All of the states in which TVA operates potentially affected sources are expected to adopt CAMR without significant change. In response to a request for reconsideration, EPA confirmed its-approach in May 2006. In June 2006, 16&states and several environmental,.
groups filed law suits challenging CAMR.* This lawsuit-is currently pending. TVA cannot predict the outcome of the-pending challenge of CAMR, or what effects any decision may have that would require the EPA to-regulate mercury as a hazardous air pollutant. If the EPA's decisions are upheld and CAMR is implemented, TVA expects to achieve the required.mercury reductions at least for Phase I of CAMRas co-benefits of theinstallation of additional emission control technology in connection with the implementation of CAIR.
- 7.
CAMR does; however, require the installation of new mercury emission monitoring equipment prior to, Ja'nuary 1, 2009. TVA is planning to comply with this requirement by procuring, installing, and certifying approximately 23 monitoring systems by calendar year 2008.:...
Page 24 of 141
Carbon 'Dioxide I
.The caUses and importance of climate change observed over recent decades continue to be widely.
debated. C02 is a greenhouse gas and is believed by some to contribute to global warming. Legislation has been' introduced in Congress to require reductions of C02 and, if enacted, could result in significant additional costs for TVA and other coal-fired utilities. The current.Administration has proposed a voluihtary initiative that established a
- goal of reducing the greenhouse gas intensity of the U.S. economy by 18 percent and has asked the electric utility sector and other industry sectors to support this initiative.TVA is supporting this effort in cooperation with electric utility industry trade associations and the Department of Energy; In addition to these activities, TVA is a member of the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration'Partnership and is working with the Electric Power Research Institute and other electric utilities on projects investigating technologies for C02 capture-and geologic storage, as well as carbon sequestration via reforestation: The previous Administration also, asked utilities to voluntarily participate in an effort to reduce, sequester, or avoid greenhouse gases. -Under that program, TVA reduced, sequestered, or avoided more than 305 million tons of C02 from 1994 through 2005, as reported under Section 1605b of the Energy Policy Act. TVA's clean air strategy, as it relates to investments on coal-fired generating facilities, allows for continued review of decisions for clean air and other capital investments as potential climate change legislation is developed.
In addition to legislative activity, climate change issues are the subject of several lawsuits including lawsuits against TVA. See Item 3, Legal Proceedings. OntNovember 29, 2006, the United States Supreme Court heard a case concerning whether EPA has the authority and duty to regulate C02 emissions under theClean Air Act. The District-of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals earlier affirmed EPA's decision not to regulate C02. While the case focuses on C02 emissions from the transportation industry, it could set a precedent for regulation in other industrial sectorsdepending upon how the Supreme Court rules. States are also becoming more active on the climate change front. Several northeastern states haveformed the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative which is in the process of being implemented, and California recently passed a bill capping greenhouse gas emissions in the state. Other states are considering a variety of actions. However, in the southeast, to TVA's knowledge, only North Carolina, where TVA does not operate any coal-fired generating facilities, is studying initiatives aimed at climate change under the provisions of the state's Clean Smokestacks Act of 2002. This act required the State Division of Air'Quality to study potential control of C02 emissions from coal-fired utility plants and other stationary sources. This effort has also prompted actions to develop a climate action plan for North Carolina.
Clean Water Developments.
In the second phase of a three-part rulemaking to minimize the adverse impacts from cooling'water intake structures on fish and shellfish, as required under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act, EPA promrulgated a final[
rule for existing power producing facilities that became effective on September 7, 2004. The new rule requires existing facilities to select among several different compliance options for reducing the number of organisms pinned against and/or drawn into the cooling systems. These include development of a site-specific compliance option based on application of cost/cost or cost/benefit tests. The site specific tests are designed to ensure that a facility's costsare not significantly greater than cost projections in the*rule 'or the benefits.derived'from taking mitigation actions..Actions.taken to compensate for any impacts by restoring -habitat, or-pursuing other options such as building hatcheries for fish/shellfish production, count toward compliance. Some northeastern states and environmental groups'have challenged the new regulation, especially the compliance flexibility-it offers, in federal-court.
A*IIof the intakes at TVA's existing coal-fired and nuclear generating facilities are subject to this rule.
Compliance assessments are underway for these:facilities to determine what should be done to meet the new requirements.' Some capital and/or.operating expenditures may have to be made to comply at some or all facilities.
The assessments; however, Eire complicated by the uncertainty created by pending legal action challenging EPA's rule.
As is the case across the utility industry and in other industrial sectors, TVA is facing more stringent requirements related to protection of wetlands, reductions in storm water impacts from construction activities, waterý quality degradation and criteria, and laboratory analytical methods. TVA is also following litigation related to~the use of herbicides, water transfers, and releases from dams. TVA has a good compliance record and is not facing any substantive requirements related to non-compliance with existing Clean Water Act regulations.
Hazardous Substances Liability for releases and cleanup of hazardous substances is regulated by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, among others, and similar state statutes. In a manner similar to many other industries and power systems, TVA has generated-or used hazardous substances over the years. TVA operations at some TVA-owned facilities have resulted in releases of hazardous substances and/or oil Page 25 of 141
which require cleanup and/or remediation. TVA also is aware of alleged hazardous-substance releases at 10 non-TVA areas for which it may have some liability. TVA has reached agreements with EPA to settle its liability at two of the non-TVA areas for a total of.less than $0.1 million. There have been no recent assertions of TVA liability for six of the non-TVA areas, and (depending.on the site) there is little or no known evidence that TVA contributed any significant quantity of hazardous substances to these six sites. There is evidence that TVA sent materials to the remaining two non-TVA areas. The information necessary to estimate the total cleanup costs, and most of the evidence that might be used to estimate TVA's allocated share of such costs and evaluate the likely effectiveness of TVA's potential defenses either have not been developed and/or are under the control of parties other than TVA:
Consequently, TVA is unable at this time to estimate its liability related to these sites.
As of September 30, 2006,.TVA's estimated liability for environmental cleanup for those sites'for which sufficient information is available to develop a cost estimate (primarily the TVA sites) is approximately $23 million on a non-discounted basis and is in6luded in OTHER LIABILITIES on the Balance Sheet.
Coal-Combustion Wastes Coal combustion waste disposed in landfills and surface impoundments continues to be regulated as non-hazardous. As part of this 2000 regulatory determination, EPA committed to developing stricter standards for the management of coal-combustion wastes. EPA has also been petitioned to develop stringent regulations relative to the disposal of coal combustion waste. EPA now is developing national solid waste management standards to address coal-combustion wastes disposed in unlined landfills and surface impoundments or placed in mines: These standards are likely to include increased groundwater monitoring, more stringent siting requirements, and closure of existing waste-management facilities notmeeting minimum standards. EPA.is expected to issue these new management'standards sometime in 2007 according to its published Regulatory Agenda. TVA is monitoring these developments and will evaluate the potential impact of these rules upon its operations as more information becomes available.
Employee Relations On September 30, 2006, TVA had approximately 12,600 employees, of whom approximately 5,285 were trades and labor employees. Neither the federal labor relations laws covering most private sector employers nor those covering most federal agencies apply to TVA. However, the TVA Board has a long-standing policy of acknowledging and dealing with recognized representatives of its employees, and that policy is reflected in long-term agreements to recognize the unions (or their successors) that represent TVA employees. Federal law prohibits TVA employees frorm engaging in strikes against TVA.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS The risk factors described below, as well as the other information included in this Annual Report, should be carefully considered. Risks and uncertainties described in these risk factors could cause future results to differ materially from historicalresults as well as from the results predicted in forward-looking statements. Although the risk factors described below are the ones that TVA management considers. significant, additional risk factors that are not presently known to TVA management or that.TVA management presently considers insignificant may also impair TVA's business operations.. Although TVA has the authority to set its own rates and thus mitigate some risks by increasing rates, it is possible that partially or completely eliminating one or more of these risks through rate increases might adversely affect TVA commercially or politically.. Accordingly; the occurrence of any of the following could have a material adverse effect on TVA's cash flows, results ofoperations, and financial condition:
For ease of reference, the risk factors are presented in three categories: strategic risks, operating risks, and financial risks.
Strategic Risks New laws and regulations may negatively affect TVA 's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition as well as the way TVA conducts its business.
Although it is difficult to predict exactly how any new laws and regulations would impact TVA, some of the possible effects are described below.
TVA 'could lose its protected service. territory.
Page 26 of 141
TVA's service area is primarily defined by two provisions of law..
The TVA Act provides that, subject to certain minor exceptions, neither TVA nor its distributor customers may be a source of powersupply outside-of TVA's defined service area. This provision is often called the "fence" since it limits TVA's sales activities to a specified service area.
The Federal Power Act prevents FERC from ordering TVA to provide access to its transmission lines for the purpose of delivering power to customers within TVA's defined service area. This provision is often called the,"anti-cherrypicking provision" since it prevents'corrtpetitors from "cherrypicking" -TVA's customers.
If Congress were to eliminate or reduce the coverage of the anti-cherrypicking provision, TVA could lose a, significant number of its customers, and the loss of these customers could adversely affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financialcondition.
The TVA Board could lose its sole authority to set rates for electricity.
Under the TVA Act, the TVA Board has the sole authority to set the rates that TVA charges for electricity, and these rates are not subject to review. The loss of this authority could have materiallywadverse effects on TVA including, but not limited to, the following:
TVA might be unable to set rates at a level sufficient to generate adequate revenues to service its financial obligations, properly operate and maintain its power assets, and provide for reinvestment in its power program; and TVA might :be subject to additional regulatory oversight that could impede TVA's ability to manage its business.
TVA could become subject to increased environmental regulation."
There is a risk that new environmental laws and regulations could become applicable to TVA or its facilities and that existing environmental regulations could be revised or reinterpreted in a way that adversely affects TVA. Any such deve!opments could require TVA to make significant capital expenditures, increase TVA's oper ating and rfainteniance costs, or even lead to TVA's closing certain facilities. For'example, proposals in Congress that would regulate carbon dioxide and bthergie~fihouse gases could require TVA and other electric utilities to incur significant increased costs. See Item 1, Business -
Environmental Matters.
TVA could become subject to increased regulation by the NRC.
The NRC has broad adthori ty to impose requireme'nts relating to the licensing, operatioh,_and decommissioning of nuclear generation facilities. If the NRC modifies existing requirements or imposes new requirements, TVA could be required to make substa'tial. capital expenditures at its nuclear plants or. make substantial contributions tb its nuclear de6ommisIsibning trust. In addition, if TVA fails'to'comply with requirements promulgated by the NRC, the NRC has the 'uthority to impo.9fines,.shutdown dnits, or modify, suspend, or revoke TVA's opierating licenses.
STVA could lose responsibility for managing the Tennessee River' syste.
TVA's management of.the rivers is important to effective operation of the power system., TVA's, ability to
'integrate management of the Tennessee River system with power system perations increases power
- system, reliability and reduces costs. Restrictions on how TVA manages the river system could negatively affect:TVA's operations.
Congress could take actions that lead to.a downgrade of TVA's credit rating.
TVA's rated securities arecurrently eated 'Aaa" by Moodys Investors Service and AAA" by Stadard and Poor's and Fitch Ratings, which are the highest ratings assigned by these. rating agencies. TVA's credit ratings'are not based sol6lY on itsunderlying business or financiaI condition, wh ich by themselves may not be commenesul rate with a'triple-A -rating. TVA's current ratings are~based to a Iarge exteht on the body of legislation that defines TVA's business structure. Key characteristics of TVA's business defined by legislation include (1) the TVA Board's ratemaking authority, (2) the current competitive environment, which is defined by the fence and the anti-cherrypicking provision, and (3) TVA's status as a corporate agency and Page27ofi.141.
instrumentality of the United States. A6cordingly;if Congress takesany actionthat-effectively alters any of these characteristics, TVA's credit ratings could be downgraded.
TVA's debt ceiling could become more restrictive.
The TVA Act provides that TVA can issue bonds, notes, and other evidences of indebtedness ("Bonds") in an amount not to exceed $30 billion outstanding at~any time' If Congress either. lowers thedebt ceiling or broadens-the types of financial instruments that are covered by the debt ceiling, TVA might not be able to raise'enoughcapital to, among other things, service its financial obligations, properly operate and maintain its power assets, and provide for reinvestment in its power program.
TVA may lose 'some of its customers. "
As of September 30, 2006, six distributor customers had notices in effect terminating their power contracts with TVA. Although sales to these six distributor customers generated only 2.9 percent of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006, the loss of additional customers could have a material adverse effect on T.VA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition. See Item 1, Business -Customers -
Termination Notices.
Operational Risks TVA 's generation and transmission assets may not operate as planned.
Many of TVA'sgeneration and transmission assets.have been operating since the 1950s and have been in near constant service since they were completed. If these assets fail to operate as planned, TVA; among other things:
Might have to invest a significant amount of resources-to repair or replace the assets; Might be unable to operate the assets for a significant period of time; Might have to purchase replacement power on the open market; Might not be able to meet its contractual obligations to deliver power; and Might have'to remediate coliat6ral damage"dased by a failure of'th6 assets?'
In addition the failure of TVA's assets to perform as planned could result in such events as the failure' of a dam or a nuclear accident. Any of these'potential outcomes could n'egatively affect' T'A's cash flows, results of operati6ns, and'financial condition.,
TVA's fuel supply might be disrupted.
TVA purchases coal, uranium, fuel. oil,. and natural gas from a number of suppliers. Disruption in the acquisition or delivery of fuel, such as the disruptions TVA experienced in 2006 in acquiring*coal may result from a variety of factorsincluding, but not lImifted to, weather, production or tranfsportation difficulties, labor relations, or environmental regulations.affecting TVA's fuel suppliers. These disruptions 6ouldl'adversely, affect-TVA's ability to operate its facilities arid could require TVA to acquire power at higher price on the spot market, thereby adversely affecting TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition:
Compliance with existing environmental laws and regulations may affect TVA's operations in unexpected ways.
TVA is subject to risks fron' existing federal, state,.and local ehvironmental Is and regtlations inclIuding, but not limited to *the'following:-,
Compliance with existing environmental laws and regulations may cost TVA rore ýttn it anticiptes."
At some of TVA';oldeirfacilities: it mnay be uneconomidalfor TVA to.in'stall'i the'ecessary equipment to comply with existing environmental laws, which may cause TVA to shut down those facilities.
TVA may be responsible for on-site liabilities associated with the.environmental condition of facilities that it has acquired or developed, regardless of whenthe liabilities arosieanrd wheth hey are known' orunknown.
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TVA may be unable to obtain or maintain all required environmental regulatory approvals. If there is a delay in obtaining any required environmental regulatory approvals or if TVA fails to obtain, maintain, or comply with any such approval, TVA'may be unable to operate its facilities or may have to pay fines or penalties.
See Item 1, Business -
Environmental Matters.
TVA is the sole power provider for customers within its service area, and if demand for power in TVA's service area increases, TVA is contractually obligated to take steps to meet this increased demand..
If demand for power in the TVA's service area increases, TVA may need to meet this increased demand by purchasing power from other sources, building new generation facilities, or purchasing existing generation facilities. Purchasing power from external sources, as well as acquiring or building new generation facilities, could negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition.
TVA may incur delays and additional costs in power plant construction.
TVA is in the process of restarting Browns Ferry Unit 1 and may need to construct more generating facilities in the future. The completion of such facilities involves substantial risks of delays and cost overruns. If TVAis unable to complete the development or construction of a facility or decides to delay or cancel construction of a facility, TVA's cash flows, financial condition, and results of operations could be negatively affected. In addition, if construction projects are not completed according to specifications, TVA may suffer reduced plant efficiency and higher.operating costs. See Item 1, Business -
Nuclear.
TVA is involved in various legal proceedings whose outcomes may affect TVA's finances and operations.
TVA is involved in various legal proceedings and will become involved in other legal proceedings in the futurein the ordinary course of business. Although TVA cannot predict the outcome of the individual matters in which TVA is involved. or will become involved, the resolution of these matters could require TVA to make' expenditures in, excess of established reserves and in amounts that could have a material adverse effect on TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition. Similarly, resolution could require TVA to change its business practices or procedures, which could also have a material adverse effect on TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition. See Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
TVA's ability to supply power and its customers' demands.for power are influenced by weather conditions.
Extreme peaks in either the summer or winter may increase the demand for power and require TVA to purchase power. at high prices in order to meet the demand from customers, while unusually mild weather may result in decreased demand for power and lead to reduced electricity sales. In addition, weather conditions affect TVA's ability to supply power to its customers, because in periods of low rainfall or drought, TVA's low-cost hydroelectric generation may be reduced, requiring TVA to purchase power or use more costly means of producing power. Furthermore, high temperatures in the summer may limit TVA's ability to use water, from the Tennessee River system for cooling at its generating facilities, thereby limiting TVA's ability to operate its
,generating facilities.
TVA's transmission reliability could be affected by problems at other utilities or its own,facilities.
TVA's transmission facilities are directly interconnected with thetransmission facilities of neighboring utilities and are thus part of an interstate power transmission grid. Accordingly, problems at other utilities, or at TVA's own facilities, may cause interruptions in TVA's transmission service. If TVA were to suffer a transmission service interruption, TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition could be negatively affected..
An incident at any nuclear facility, even one unaffiliated with TVA, could result in increased expenses and oversight.
A nuclear incident at a TVA facility could have significantconsequences including loss of life and damage.to or loss of the facility. Any nuclear incident, even at a facility unaffiliated with TVA, has the potential to impact TVA adversely by obligating TVA to pay up to $90 million per year and a total of $604 million per nuclear incident under the PriceAnderson Act. In addition, a nuclear incident could negatively affect TVA by, among other things, obligating TVA to pay retrospective premiums, reducing the availability of insurance, increasing the costs of operating nuclear units, or leading to increased regulation or restriction on the construction, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear facilities.
Page 29 of 141
Catastrophic events could affect TVA's ability to supply electricity or reduce demand for electricity.
- TVA could be adversely affected by catastrophic events such as fires, earthquakesj floods, wars, terrorist activities, pandemics, and other similar events. These events, the frequency and severity of which are unpredictable, could directly impact TVA's power operations ahd negatively affect TVA's cash flows; results of operations, and financial condition. Additionally, such events-could indirectly impact TVA by, among other things, disrupting-supply lines or operations of a contractor or supplier; leading to an economic downturn, or creating instability in the financial markets.
Demand for electricity supplied by TVA could be reduced by changes in technology.
-.Research and development activities are ongoing to improve existing and alternative technologies to produce electricity, including gas'turbines, fuel cells, microturbines, and solar cells. It is possible that advances in these or other alternative technologies could reduce the costs of electricity production from alternative technologies to a level that will'enable these technologies to compete effectively with traditional power plants like TVA's. To-the extent these technologies become a more cost-effective option for certain customers, TVA's sales to these customers could be reduced, thereby negatively affecting TVA's cash flows, results of operations,- and financial condition.
Financial Risks TVA is subject to a variety of market risks that could negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial position.
TVA is subject to a variety of market risks, including, but not limited to, commodity price risk, investment price risk,
'interest rate risk, and credit risk.
Commoditk Price Risk. Prices of'commodities, critical to TVA's operations, including coal, uranium, natural gas, fuel oil, emission allowances, and electricity, have been extremely volatile in recent years. If TVA fails to effectively manage its commodity price risk, customers may look for alternative power suppliers.
Investment Price Risk. TVA is exposed to investmdent price risk in both its nuclear decommissioning trust and its pension fund. If the value of the investments held in the nuclear decommissioning trust or the pension funddecreases significantly, TVA could be required to make substantial unplanned contributions to these funds, which would negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition.
Interest Rate Risk. Changes in interest rates could negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition by increasing the amount of intelrest that TVA pays on new Bonds that it issues, decreasing the return that TVA receives on its short-term investments; decreasing the value of the investments in TVA's pension fund and nuclear decommissiohing trust, 'and increasing the'losses on the mark-to-market valuation of certain derivative transactions into which TVA has entered.
Credit Risk. TVA is exposed to the risk that its counterparties will not be able to perform their contractual obligations. If TVA's counterparties fail to perform their obligations, TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected. In addition, the failure of a counterparty to peO'orm could make it difficult for TVA to perform its obligations, particularly if the counterparty is a supplier of electricity or fuel to TVA.
See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition-and Results of Operatiohs -
Risk Management Activities for more information regarding market risks.
TVA'and owners of TVA securities could be impacted'by a downgrade of TVA's credit rating.
A downgrade in TVA's credit rating could have material adverse effects on TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial &ondition as well as on inivestors in TVA securities. Amopng other things, a downgrade could have the following effects:.......
A downgrade would increase' TVA's interest expense by increasing the interest rates that TVA pays on new debt securities that it issues. An increase in TVA's interest expense would reduce the amount of cash available for other purposes, which could resuit in the need to increase borrowings, to r6duce other expenses or capital investments, or to increase electricity rates.
Page 30 of 141
A significant downgrade could result in TVA's having to post collateral under certain physical and financial contracts that contain rating triggers.
A downgrade below a contractual threshold would prevent TVA from borrowing under two credit facilities totaling $2.5 billion without the consent of the national bank that is the counterparty to the credit facilities.
A downgrade could lower the price of TVA securities' in the secondary market, thereby hurting investors who sell TVA securities after the downgrade'and diminishing the attractiveness and marketability of TVA Bonds.
See-Item'7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Liquidity and Capital Resources.
TVA may have to make significant unplanned contributions to fund its pension and other postretirement benefit plans.
TVA's costs of providing pension-benefits and other postretirement benefits depend upon a number of factors, including,, but not limited to:
Provisions of the pension and postretirement benefit plans; Changing employee demographics; Rates of increase in compensation levels; Rates of return on plan assets; Discount rates used in determining future benefit obligations; Rates of increase in health care costs; Levels of interest rates used to measure the required minimum funding levels of the plans; F Future government regulation; and Contributions made to the plans.
Any number of these factors could increase TVA's costs of providing pension and other postretirement benefits and require TVA to make significant unplanned contributions to the plans. Such contributions would negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition.
TVA may have to make significant unplanned contributions to its nuclear decommissioning trust.
'TVA maintains a nuclear decommissioning trust for the purpose of providing funds to decommission TVA's nuclear facilities. The decommissioning trust. is invested in securities generally designed to achieve areturn in line with overall equity market performance. TVA might have to make significant unplanned contributions to the trust if, among other things:
The value of the investments in the trust declines significantly; The laws or regulations regarding nuclear decommissioning change the decommissioning funding requirements; The assumed rate of return on plan assets, which is currently five percent, has been approved by the TVA Board; Changes in technology and experience related to decommissioning cause decommissioning cost estimates to increase significantly; or TVA is required to decommission a nuclear plant sooner than TVA anticipates.
If TVA makes unplanned contributions to the trust, the contributions would negatively affect TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition.
TVA may be unable to meet its current cash requirements if its access to the debt markets is limited.
TVA's cash management policy is to use cash provided by operations together with proceeds.from issuing discount notes and drawing on a $150 million note with the U.S. Treasury to fund TVA's current cash requirements. In addition, TVA has access to $2.5 billion of credit facilities with a national bank. In light of TVA's cash.management policy, it is critical that TVA continue to have access to the debt markets, for if TVA is unable to access the debt markets,. TVA might be unable to meet its current cash requirements. The importance of Page 31 of 141
having access to the debt markets is underscored by the fact that TVA, unlike many utilities, relies almost entirely on the debt markets to raise capital since it is not authorized to issue equity securities.
Approaching or reaching its debt ceiling could limit TVA's ability to,carry out its business.
At September 30, 2006, TVA had approximately $22.9 billion.of Bonds outstanding. TVA has a statutorily imposed ceiling of $30 billion on outstanding Bonds. Approaching or reaching this debt ceiling could adversely affect TVA's business by limiting TVA's ability to borrow money and increasing the cost of servicing TVA's debt.
In addition, approaching or reaching this debt ceiling could.lead to increased legislative or regulatory oversight of TVA's activities.
TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition could be negatively affected by economic downturns.
.Sustained downturns or weakness in the economy in TVA's service area or other parts of the United States could reduce overall demand for electricity and thus reduce TVA's electricity sales and cash flows, especially as TVA's industrial customers reduce their operations and thus their consumption of electricity.
TVA's financial control system cannot guarantee that all control issues and instances of fraud will be detected.
No financial control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of financial controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud can be detected. The design of any system of financial controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all.potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. See Item 9A, Controls and Procedures for TVA's assessment a's of September 30, 2006, which includes two material weakness items.
TVA could lose the ability to use regulatory accounting and be required to write off a significant amount of regulatory assets.
TVA is able to use regulatory accounting because it satisfies the requirements set forth in Statement of-Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 71, 'Accounting for the Effects-of Certain Types of Regulation.".
Accordingly, TVA records.as assets certain costs that would.not be recorded as assets under generally accepted accounting principles for non-regulated entities. As of September 30, 2006, TVA had $5.3 billion of regulatory assets. If TVA loses its ability to use regulatory accounting, TVA could'be required to write~off its regulatory assets.- Any asset write-offs would be required to be recognized in earnings in the period in which regulatory accounting under SFAS No. 71 ceased to apply to TVA.
ITEM lB. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS Not applicable.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES TVA-holds personal property in its own name but holds real property as agent for the United States of America. TVA may acquire real property by negotiated purchase or by eminent domain.
Generating Properties At September 30, 2006, TVA's generating assets consisted of 59 coal-fired units, five nuclear units, 109 conventional hydroelectric units, four pumped storage units, 72 combustion turbine units, nine diesel generator units, one digester gas site, one wind energy site,. and 16 solar energy sites. See Item 1, Business -
Power Supply forra chart thatindicates the location, capacity, and in-service dates for each of these properties. In addition, TVA is in the process ofrestarting Browns Ferry Unit 1. Browns Ferry Unit 1 is scheduled to go online in early 2007 and as of September 30, 2006, was 94 percent complete.
Twenty-four of TVA's combustion turbines lare subject to lease-leaseback arrangements. For more information regarding these arrangements, see Note 11 -
Other Financing Obligations.
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Transmission Properties
- TVA's transmission system interconnects with systems:of surrounding utilities -and consistsprimarily of the following assets:
Approximately 17,000 circuit miles of transmission lines,. including 2,400 miles of extra-high-voliage (500,000 volt) transmission lines; 537 substations, power switchyards, and switching stations; 1 1,045 individual interchange and customer connection points; and 260,000 right-of-way acres.. :.,
The easements and rights-of-way give TVA the right, to construct, operate, and maintain the transmissidn lines, as well as remove trees located outside the rights of way.. Fee title-to the land remains with the landowner.
In 2003, TVA entered into a lease-leaseback of certain qualified technologicalequipment and other software related to TVA's transmission system. For;moreinformation regarding this transaction, see Note 1.1 -
Other Finan~ing Obligations..
r,,
Resource Stewardship Properties
'TVA owns and operates49 dams'and manages the following resource stewardship propertie:.
.11,000 miles of reservoir shoreline;
- *293,000 acres of reservoir land;'
- 650,000 surface acres of water; and Over 100 public recreation areas.
B uild in. s,
~
TVA owns a variety of buildings throughout its service area, in addition f6 the buildings located at its generation and transmission facilities, including office buildings, customer service centers, power service centers, warehouses, visitor centers, and crew quarters. The most significant of these buildings is the Knoxville Office j Complex. TVA also leases buildingsw hen it deems appropriate, including its.GChattanooga Office Complex: 'TVA's lease of the.Chattanodga Office Comple.x'expires in 2011, but TVA has the rightto extend the lease for up to 30.
years. TVA also owns and leases a signifidant number Of buildings in Muscle Shoals,,Alabama.
Disposalof Property Under the TVA Act, TVA has broad authority to-dispose of pers6nal property but only limited authority to dispose of real property. TVA's primary,*ources 6f authority to dispose of heal property are, briefly describgd below:
Under Section 31 of the TVA Act,'ý tA has 'auth'oity to dispose of surplus real property 6t a public auction.
Under Section 4(k) of the TVA Act, TVA can dispose of:real property for certain specified purposes, including to provide replacement lands for certain~entities whose lands were flooded or destroyed;byi dam or reservoir construction and to-grant easements and, rights-of-way upon which-are located,.
transmission or distribution lines.
Under Section 15d(g) of the TVA Act, TVA can dispose of real property in connection with the construction of generating plants or other facilities under certain circumstances.
Uhder 40'U:S.C.' § 1 314, TVA has,,uthoiity to grant easements for rights-of-way or other purposes..-
- 1n additi6o TVA's bond cov.enants prohibit TVA from mortgagingy pat of its power properties'nd from r
disposing of'all 6r any sub6tantial p6rtion of these properties unless TVA provides for. a continuance of the interest, principal, and.sihkifig fund paymentsý'due and to become due on all'outsianding,Bonds, or'for the'r~etirement of.such B o n d s.
- r...".
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS TVA is, involved in various claims amounting to approximately $54 million. incidental to the conduct of its business for which it has assessed the likelihood of gain or loss. The claims, grouped by likelihood of loss, include (1) claims recorded by TVA in the amountof $28 million representing probable losses of $27 million and losses deemed reasonably possible of $1 million,,and (2) claims of about $26 million for which a determination-of loss cannot be made at this time.
Economy Surplus Power Case On August 31', 1999, suit was filed against TVA in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama by Birmingham Steel Corporation, on.behalf of itself and a class of TVA industrial'customers who conftracted for economy surplus power. While Birmingham Steel Corporation was the original class representative, it filed for bankruptcy-and was excluded from the class. Johns Manville Corporation was substituted as the class representative: The lawsuit alleges that TVA overcharged for economy'surplus power during the summer of 1998 by improperly including some incremental costs when calculating the price of economy surplus power. The class members seek over $100 million in damages. On April 18, 2006, the district court ruled.on motions for summary judgment filed by both, sides. The court held that TVA improperly included charges for approximately 500 hours0.00579 days <br />0.139 hours <br />8.267196e-4 weeks <br />1.9025e-4 months <br /> of' power purchased in advance and breached the contracts. The court rejected TVA's position that the additional price charged for all hours represented actual incremental costs incurred by TVA in supplying economy surplus power and thus was an appropriate part of the economy surplus power contract price. The court granted the plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment on liability, even though it acknowledged that there are disputed factual issues as to TVA's defenses. TVA.filed a motion seeking permission to take an interlocutory appeal of the court's ruling on summary judgment. On July 31, 2006, the court reconsidered its decision on summary judgment with respect to TVA's affirmative defenses and held that TVA is entitled to a trial on its affirmative defenses. A mediator has been selected and the parties anticipate engaging in mediation in December 2006. Trial on TVA's affirmative defenses and the class members' damages is scheduled for February 5, 2007.
Case Against TVA and 22 Electric Cooperatives On December 2, 2004, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, dismissed a lawsuit filed by John McCarthy, Stan Cooper, Joe Sliger, Mike*Bell, Don Rackley, Terry Motley, Billy Borchert, Jim Foster, and Ryan Hargis on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated against TVA and the Middle Tennessee Electric Membership°Qooperative, Appalachian Electric Cooperative, Caney ForkElectric Corporation, Inc., Chickasaw Electric Cooperative, Cumberland ElectricMembership Corporation, Duck River Electric Membership5 Corporation, Fayetteville.Public Utilities, Forked Deer Electric Cooperative, Inc., Foft Loudoun Electric Cooperative, Gibson Electric Membership Corporation, Holston Electric Cooperative, Inc., Meriweth'er Lewis Electri, Cooperative, Mountain Electric Cooperative, Inc., Pickwick Electric Cooperative, Plateau Electric Cooperative, Powell Valley Electric Cooperative, Sequachee Valley Electric Cooperative, Southwest Tennessee Electric' Membership Corporation, Tennessee Valley Electric Cooperative, Tri-County Electric Membership Cooperation, Tri-State Electric.
Membership Cooperation, Upper Cumberland Electric Membership Corporation, and Volunteer Energy Cooperative.
The lawsuit in part challenged TVA's practice of setting rates for electric power charged by distributor customers through TVA's contracts with distributor. customers. In granting the defendants' motions to dismiss, the court held that the claims alleging violations of state law failed because the plaintiffs (consistirig of Tennessee residents and customers of certain of the cooperatives) had not completed the steps necessary to bring these claims in court. With respect to the claim agaihst TVA, the court held that the alleged violations of federal law failed as 6 matter of law because Congress had specifically authorized TVA to set the rates charged by distributor customers'through TVA's contracts with distributor customers..The plaintiffs appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
("Sixth.Circuit"), arfd on October 17; 2006, the Sixth Circuit affirmed the district court's decision, and held, among other things, that TVA's rates were not subject to judicial review and that TVA is not subject to antitrust liability When doing so would interfere with TVA's purposes.
Global Warming Cases On July 21, 2004, two lawsuits were filed against TVA in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that global warming is a public nuisance and that carbon'dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel electric generating facilities should be ordered abated because they contribute to causing the nuisance. The first case was filed'by vario6s'states (California, Connecticut, lowa; New Jersey, Il'ewY6r*ký Rhode Island,"Vermont, an d Wisconsin) and the City of New York against TVA'and other power companies. The second case, which'alleges both public and private nuisance, was filed against the'same defendants by Open Space Institute, Inc., Open Space Conservancy, Inc., and theAudubon Society of New Hampshire. There are no Clean Air Act requirements limiting carbon dioxide emissions, and, accordingly, the suits do not involve allegations of regulatory noncompliance. The plaintiffs do not seek monetary damages, but instead seek a court order requiring each defendant to cap its carbon dioxide emissions and then reduce these emissions by an unspecified percentage each year for at least a decade. In September 2005, the district court dismissed both lawsuits because they raised political questions that should not be decided by the Page 34 of 14,1
courts. The plaintiffs.appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ("Second Circuiit"):" Oral argument was held before the Second Circuit on June 7, 2006, and the parties are awaiting a decision.
Case Involving Modifications to the Colbert Fossil Plant The National Parks Conservation Association, Inc. ("NPCA"),and Sierra Club, Inc.'("Sierra Club"), filed suit on
- February 13, 200,1, in the United.States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, alleging that TVA violated
- the Clean Air Act and implementing regulations at TVA's-Colbert Fossil Plant.("Colbert"), acoal-fired electric generating facility located in Tuscumbia, Alabama. The plaintiffs allege that TVA made major modifications to one of the power generating units, specifically Colbert Unit 5, without obtaining preconstruction permits (in alleged violation of the Prevention of Significant Deterioration ("PSD") program and the Nonattainment New Source-Review ("NNSR")
program) and without complying with emission standards (in alleged violation of the New Source Performance' Standards ("NSPS") program). The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief; civil penalties of $25,000 per day for each violation on or before January 30, 1997, and $27,500 per day for each violation after that date; an order that TVA pay.up to
$100,000 for beneficial mitigation projects; and costs of litigation, including attorney and expert witness fees. On-.
November 29, 2005, the district court held that sovereign immunity precluded the plaintiffs from recovering civil penalties against TVA. On January 17, 2006, the district court dismissed the action,.on the basis that plaintiffs failed to provide adequate notice of NSPS claims and that the statute of limitations curtailed the PSD and NNSR claims.
The plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit ("Eleventh Circuit") on January 25,2006.
Briefing of the appeal to the Eleventh. Circuit Was completed in July 2006. Oral argument of the appea' is-scheduled for January 11, 2007. If the decision is reversed on appeal, there is a reasonable possibility that TVA will be ordered to install additional controls on Colbert Unit 5.
Case Involving Modifications to Bull Run Fossil Plant The NPCA and. the Sierra.Club filed suit against TVA on February 13, 2001, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, alleging that TVA did not comply with the New Source Review requirements of-the Clean Air Act when TVA modified its Bull Run Fossil Plant ("Bull Run"), a coal-fired electric generating facility located
.in, Anderson County, Tennessee. In March 2005, the district court granted TVA's motion to dismiss the lawsuit on statute of limitation grounds. The plaintiffs' motion for reconsideration was denied, -and they appealed to the Sixth Circuit. Amicus curiae briefs supporting the plaintiffs' appeal have been filed by New York, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode, Island, Kentucky, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania.
Several Ohio utilities filed an amicus curiae brief supporting TVA. Briefing of the appeal to the Sixth' Circuit was '
completed in May 2006. Oral argument was held on September 18, 2006, and the parties are awaiting a decision.
Case Involving Opacity at Colbert On September 1.6, 2002, the Sierra Club and the Alabama Environmental.Council filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama alleging that TVA violated Clean Air Act opacity limits applicable to Colbert between July 1, 1997, and June 30, 2002. The plaintiffs seek a court order that could require TVA to incur substantial additional costs for environmental controls,, and pay civil penaltiesof up to approximately $250 million..
After the court dismissed the complaint (finding that the challenged emissions.were within Alabama's two percent de minimis rule,.which provided a safe harbor if emissions did not exceed allowable opacity limits by more than two percent each quarter), the plaintiffs appealed the district court's decision to the Eleventh Circuit. On November 22, 2005, the Eleventh Circuit affirmed the district court's dismissal of the claims for civil penalties, but held that the Alabama de minimis rule was not applicable because Alabama had not yet obtained EPA approval of that rule. The case was remanded to thedistrict court for further-proceedings, and the plaintiffs filed a motion. forsummary judgment. On May 23, 2006, the district court issued orders staying. the matter until a decision is issued in a Clean Air Act case accepted by the Supreme Court, United States v. Duke Energy; referring the action to mediation to be completed before the close of business on December 15, 2006, unless the district court extends the deadline; and denying as moot the plaintiffs' motions to hold TVA liable (with leave to.file again, if necessary, after the.stay-is lifted).
On May 26, 2006, the plaintiffs asked the district court to reconsider its orders, and in the alternative to allow an interlocutory appeal, and on July 5, 2006, the district court denied plaintiffs' motion. The parties participated in mediation on September 7, 2006, and for several weeksthereafter.- The case remains stayed.
Case Brouqht by North Carolina Alleging Public Nuisance On January 30, 2006, North Carolina's Attorney General filed suit against TVA in the United States'District Court for the Western District of North Carolina alleging that TVA's operation of its coal-fired power plants in Tennessee, Alabama, and Kentucky constitute public.nuisances.. On April 3, 2006, TVA moved to dismiss'the suit on grounds that the case is not suitable for judicial resolution because of separation of powers principles, including the fact that these matters are based on policy decisions left to TVA's discretion in its capacitylas a government agency and thus are not subject to tort liability (the "discretionary function doctrine"), as well as the Supremacy Clause. In July 2006, the court denied TVA's motion, and set the trial for the term of court beginning October 2007. On August 4, 2006, TVA filed a motion requesting permission to file an interlocutory appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (the "Fourth Circuit") which the district court granted on September 7, 2006. On September 21, Page 35 of 141
2006, TVA petitioned the Fourth Circuit to allow the interlocutory appeal. The Fourth Circuit has granted the petition and set a briefing schedule, with briefing to be completed in January 2007. The district court did not stay the'case during this appeal, and trial remains scheduled for October 2007.
Case Involving North Carolina's Petition to the EPA In 2005, the State of North Carolina petitioned the EPA under Section 126 of the Clean'Air Act to impose additional emission reduction'requirements for sulfurdioxide and nitrogen oxides emittedby coal-fired power plants in 13 states, including states Where'TVA's coal-fired power plants are located. In March 2006, the EPA denied the North Carolina petition primarily on the basis that the Clean'Air Interstate Rule remedies the problem.'In June 2006, North Carolina filed a petition for review of EPA's decision with the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
Case Arisincq'out of Hurricane Katrina In April 2006,.TVA was added as a defendant-to a class action lawsuit brought in the United States-District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi by 14 residents of Mississippi allegedly injured by Hurricane Katrina. The plaintiffs sued 6even large oil companies and an oil company trade association, three large chemical companies and a',
chemical trade association, and 31 large companies involved in the mining and/or burning of coal, including TVA and other utilities. The plaintiffs allege that.the defendants' greenhouse gas emissions contributed to global warming and were a proximate'and direct cause of Hurricane Katrina's increased destructive force. The plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages among other relief. TVA has moved to dismiss the complaint on grounds that TVA's operation of its coal-fired plants is not subject to tort liability due to the discretionary function doctrine.
Claim Involving Areva Fuel Fabrication
,On November 9, 2005, TVA. received two invoices totaling $76 million from Areva ("Areva") and an affiliated company, the successor of Babcock and Wilcox Company ("B&W"). In 1970, TVA and B&W entered into a contract for fuel fabrication, services for its Bellefonte Nuclear Plant. Areva's invoices are based upon its belief that the; 1970 contract required TVA to buy more fuel fabrication services from B&W than TVA actually purchased. A meeting was held betweeh'TVA and Areva on May 31, 2006, to di scuss the issue. TVA subsequently received a letter from Areva which reasserted its claim, but reduced the value of the claim to $26 million. Areva has not provided any further information'concerning the claim nor has it explained, the reason for the reduction in the claim amount.
Notification of Potential Liability for Ward Transformer Site TVA has been notified by one of the parties involved with clean-up of the Ward Transformer ("Ward") Superfund Site, a facility located in Raleigh, North Carolina, that it considers TVA a potentially responsible party ("PRP") and intends to-pursue a claim against-TVA. 'Under the Comprehensive Envieonmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
'("CERCLA"), any entity which arranges for disposal of a CERCLA hazardous substance at a site may bear liability for the cost of cleaning up thesite. There is evidence that TVA sent transformers to Ward that contained Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Several responsible parties have entered into a settlement agreement with EPA to clean 'up on-site contamination at the site, and the cost.of the on-site cleanup is currently estimated to be $20 million. EPA is also investigating off-site contamination from Ward operations, but TVA has no information as to the estimated costs; if any, 'of cleaning up off-site contamination' It is unknown at this',time what level of liability, if any, TVA will have in these matters; whether it will 'be required to contribute, and, if so, how, much such a contribution would be.'
TVA is engaged in various'administrative and legal proceedings arising from employment disputes. These matters are governed by federal law and involve issues typical of those encountered in the ordinary course of,
business of a utility.. They may include allegations of discrimination or retaliation (including retaliation for raising nuclear safety or environmental concerns); wrongful termination, and failure to pay overtime. Adverse outcomes in' these proceedings would not normally'be material to TVA's business, althoughlit is possible that some outcomes^'
could requireTVA to change how it handles certain personnel matters or operates its plants.
It is not possible to predict with certainty whetherTVA will incur any liability or.to estimate the damages, if.
any, that TVA might incur in connection with the lawsuits and claims described above except as specifically noted.
TVA has recognized charges to earnings and actual costs, including legal fees and expenses, related to litigation-. No assurance can be given that TVA will not be subject to significanftadditional claims and material additional liabilities.
If actual liabilities significantly exceed the dstimatesmade, the results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In accordance with SFAS No. :5, "Accounting for Contingencies;"-
TVA has accrued approximately $28 million as of September 30, 2006', related to the cases described above.
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ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS Not applicable.
I Page 37 of 141
PARTII ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Not applicable.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following selected financial data for the years 2002 through 2006 should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto (collectively, the "Financial Statements") presented in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. In 2003, TVA changed its method for recording interdivisional sales, displacement sales, and limestone used for the production of electricity. Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2002 financial statements to conform to the 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006 presentation.
Statements of Income Data For the years ended September 30 (in millions) 2006 2005
.2004 2003 2002 Operating revenues
$ 9,185
$ 7,794 7,533 6,953
$ 6,798 Operating expenses (7,582)1 (6,503)1 (5,873)2 (5,398)
(5,323)
Operating income 1,603 1,291 1,660
.1,555 1,475 Other income, net 4 65 52 43 32 19 Unrealized (Ioss)/gain on derivative contracts; net (15)
- 3.
(7)
(7)
Interest expense, net 4 (1,215)
(1,261)
(1,310)
(1,353)
(1,431)
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (109),5 2176 Total net income S
399 It 85
.386 S
444 L__63 Notes (1)
During 2006 and 2005, TVA recognized a total of $9 million ahd $24 million, respectively, in impairment losses related to its property, plant, and equipment. The losses included a $2 million and an $8 million write-down in 2006 and 2005, respectively, on one of two buildings in TVA's Knoxville Office Complex based on TVA's plans to sell or lease the East Tower of the Knoxville Office Complex. TVA also recognized a $7 million and a $16 million write-down in 2006 and 2005, respectively, of certain CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS assets related to new pollution-control and other technologies that had not been proven effective and a re-evaluation of other projects due to funding limitations.
.(2)
'During 2004, TVA was notified by a supplier that it would not proceed with manufacturing of fuel cells to be installed in the partially completed Regenesys energy storage plant in Columbus, Mississippi. Accordingly, TVA recognized a net $20 million loss on the cancellation of the Regenesys project. See Note 1 -
Project Cancellation.
(3)
Due to changes in the market forecast, TVA elected not to complete a gas-fired combined cycle plant in 2002. TVA recognized a $154 million loss related to the cancellation of this project.
(4)
Prior to2006, TVA reported short-term investment interest income with interest expense. Interest income of $19 million, $6 million, $3 million, and $2 million for 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002, respectively, has been reclassified from INTEREST
- EXPENSE, NET to OTHER INCOME.
(5)
During 2006, TVA adopted FIN No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations -an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143,"wfhich resulted in a cumulative effect charge to income of $109 million and an increase in accumulated depreciation of $20 million. See Note 1 -
Impact of New Accounting Standards and Interpretations.
(6)
The 'cumulative effects of $217 million aredue to two accounting changes. Effective October 1, 2002, the TVA Board approved a change in the methodology for estimating unbilled revenue from electricity sales. The impact of this change resulted in an increase in accounts receivable of $412 million with a cumulative effect gain for the change in accounting for unbilled revenue, In addition, TVA adopted SFAS No. 143, "Accounting forAsset Retirement Obligations," which resulted in a cumulative effect charge to income of $195 million and an increase in accumulated depreciation of $206 million. See Note l-v Impact-of New Accounting. Standards and Interpretations.
Page 38 of 141.
Balance Sheets Data At-September 30,.
(in millions) 2006' 2005 2004
.20031
.20021 Assets Cuirent assets 2 2,669 2,176 2,295 2,238 1,626 Property, plant, and equipment, net 24,434 23,888 23,699 23,125 22,175 Investment funds 972 858 744 638 510 Regulatory and other long-term assets 6445.
7.551 7,451 7,027 6,522 Total assets 4
'520
$3452.34.6A Liabilities and proprietary capital Current liabilities 2 5,203 6,724 5,420 5,819 4,755 Regulatory and other liabilities 7,074 7,606 7,168 5,114 3,304 Long-term debt, net of discount 19,544 17,751 "19,337 20,201 21,358 Total liabilities 31,821 32;081
.31,925 31,134 29,417 Retained earnings 1,565 1,244 1,162 783 349 Other proprietary capital 1,134 1,148 1,0 1,111 1,067 Total proprietary capital 2,699 2,392 2,264 1.894 1416 Total liabilities and proprietary capital 34520 33028 Notes (1)
Prior to 2004, TVA presented 2 balance sheets - one for its power program and one'for all programs.: The 2003 and 2002 Balance Sheets presented above are for all programs which is consistent with the presentation for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
(2)
In 2006, TVA began to apply certain customer advances previously reported as CURRENT LIABILITIES as a reduction to ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE. The advances were
$93 million in 2005, $91 million in 2004, $83 million in 2003, and $56 million in 2002 and reduced both CURRENT ASSETS and CURRENT LIABILITIES by the same amount.
(3)
TVA reclassified $5 million related to discounted energy units from a long-term liibility to a short-term liability in 2003.
Financial Obligations As of September 30 (in millior~s) 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 Long-term debt; including current maturities
$ 20,529
$ 20,444
$ 21,337
$ 22,537
$ 21,358 Other Iodng-teirm obligations Capital leases 128 150 138 151 162 Lease/leaseback commitments 1,108 1,143 1,178 1,238 561 Energy prepayment obligations 1,244 1,350 1,455 47 Total other financing obligations 2,480 2,643 2,771 1,436 723 Discount notes 2,376 2,469 1,924 2,080 3,492 Financial obligations
$25-385
$_25.56
$S.26.032
$26.053 Note Included in NUCLEAR FUEL and CAPITAL LEASES on the Balance Sheets.
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Items Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Rules Net Cash Flow TVA uses the hon-GAAP net cash flow measure to evaluate its ability to produce cash flow available to reduce total financing obligations after investing in capital additions and improvements. The traditional GAAP cash flow statement does not accommodate this focus on total financing obligations, and TVA has developed the net cash Page 39 of 141
flow measure for this internal performance measurement purpose. The following is a reconciliation of non-GAAP disclosure for the respective periods to the most;directly comparable GAAP measure.
TVA defines net cash flow as cash from operating activities (excluding energy prepayments and changes in short-term investments) less cash used in investing activities,:-By Measuring net cash flow, TVA assesses the debt reduction and investment capacity of its business.
Following is a reconciliation of net cash provided' by'operating activities to net cash flow:
L"".....
Non-GAAP CAsh Flow For the years ended September 30 (in millions) 2006
,Net change in cash and cash equivalents (2) iEnergy prepayment 105 Net cash (used in)'provided by financing activities 289 Total 1-392 Total Financing Obligations TVA uses the Total Financing Obligations ('TFOs") measure as an internal indicator of TVA's financial flexibility. The components of TFOs include Bonds, lease financing obligations, and energy prepayment obligations.
-Long-term debt is adjusted for non-cash foreign currencyvaluations and unamortized discounts or premiums on the sale of Bonds because these amounts would not require a cash outlay upon redemptioh of the Bonds. Existing capital lease obligations are not included in the TFOs calculation.
Following is a reconciliation of financial obligations to total financing obligations:
Non-GAAP Financing Obligations As of September 30 (in millions)
'2006,;
2005 2004 2003 2002 Financial Obligations
$25,385
$25,556
$26,032
$26,053
.$25,573
-Less foreign currency valuations (195)
(52)
(113) 35 220 Plus discount on bonds 178 227 102.,.
223
- 185.
Capital leases (128)
(150)
(138)
(151)
(162)
Total
& 25581 S 25883 Sl26160
~~~~~~~~~~~~....
i"!
'..'.v.
.'L",..
Page 400f.141
Comparative'Five Year Data Statistical and Financial Summaries For the years ended, or as of, September 30, as appropriate 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 Sales of electricity (millions of kWh)
Municipalities and cooperatives Industries directly served Federal agencies and other Total sales Operating revenues (millions of dollars)
Electric Municipalities and cooperatives Industries directly served Federal agencies and other Other Total revenues 143,343 136,640
.30,987 30,872 2,040 3,986 7,880 6,561 1,066 962 116 181 123 90 9;
185 S 7794 133,161 130,769 29,344 27,756 3,353 3,009 128,600 26,478 3,579 5,856 732 120 90 L_6298 6,457 842 140 94
$7 r533 5,974 781 120 78 6953 Electric revenue per kWh (cents) 5.14 Winter net dependable generating capacity (megawatts) 2 Coal-fired 15,081 Nuclear units in service 5,770 Hydroelectric 5,144 Combustion turbine and other 4,681 TVA facilities 30,676 Power purchase agreements 4,275 Total available capacity 5 System peak load (megawatts)-summer System peak load (megawatts)-winter Percent gross generation by fuel source Coal-fired Nuclear Hydroelectric Combustion turbine and 'other Fuel cost perkWh (cents)
Coal
- Natural gas and fuei oil Nuclear Aggregate fuel costper kWh' net thermal generation Notes 32,008 27,718 64%
29%
6%
<1%4 2.02 10.65"'
0.38 1.54'
.4.49 15,075 5,790 5,104 4 675
-30,644 3 337 33981 31,924 29,278'.
62%
28%
10%
<1%
1.65 11.44 0.39 15,076 15,029 5,777 5,776 4,981 5,022 4,685 4,655 30,5191 30,482 2,670 1,176 33658 4.49.
4.26 4.23 15,023 5,751 4,924 4,643 30,341 1,176 31*517 29,966 1
27,997 61%
30%
9%
<1%
1.48 9.01 0.39 28,530 29,052 29,866, 26,061 60%
29%
11%
<1%
1.43 7.61 0.39 63%.
30%
6%
1%
1.39 4.65 0.41 1.30 1114 1.14 1.11 (1) -
Sales and revenues have been adjusted to include sales to other utilities and to exclude interdivisional sales.
(2)
See Item I, Business -
Power Supply.
(3)
As of September 30, 2006, includes twenty-four 85-megawatt combustion turbine units subject to lease/leaseback arrangements.
(4)
See Item I, Business - Power Supply for a discussion of TVA's diesel generators and renewable resources.
(5)
Total summer net dependable capacity at September 30, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, and 2002 was approximately 33,653 megawatts, 32,259 megawatts, 32,059 megawatts, 30,743 megawatts, and.30,477 megawatts, respectively.
Page 41 of 141
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Dollars in millions except where noted)
Business Overview Distinguishing Features of TVA's Business
-TVA operates the nation's largest public power system. In 2006, TVA provided electricity to large industries and federal agencies and to 158 distributor customers that serve approximately 8.7 million people in seven southeastern states. TVA generates almost all of its revenues from the sale of electricity, and in 2006 revenues from the sale of electricity totaled $9.1 billion. As a wholly-owned agency and instrumentality of the United States, however, TVA is different from electric utilities in a number of ways. A few of the more 'significant differences are discussed below.
Defined Service Area. TVA has a defined service area established by federal law. Subject to certain minor exceptions, TVA may not, without an act of Congress, enter into contracts which would have the'effect of. making it or the distributor customers of its power a source of power supply outside the area for which TVA or its distributor customers.were the primary source of power supply on July 1, 1957. This provision is referred to as the "fence" because it bounds TVA's salesý activities, essentially limiting TVA to power sales within a defined service area.
Correspondingly, however, the possibility of sales by others into TVA's service area is significantly. limited.. The Federal Power Act, primarily through its anti-cherrypicking provision, prevents the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") from ordering TVA to provide access-to its transmission.lines for the purpose of delivering power to customers within its service area.
Rate Authority. Typically, a utility is regulated by a public utility commission, which approves the rates the utility may charge. TVA, however, js self-regulated. The TVA Act gives the TVA Board sole responsibility for establishing the rates TVA charges for power. These rates are not subject to review or approval by any state or federal regulatory body. In setting TVA's rates, however, the TVA Board is charged by-the TVA Act to have due regard for the objective that power be sold at rates as low as are feasible. In addition, the TVA Board cannot ignore competitive pressures in setting rates.
Funding. TVA's operations were originally funded primarily with appropriations from Congress. In 1959, however, Congress passed legislation that required TVA's power program to be self~financing from power revenues and proceeds from power program financings. Until 1999, TVA continued to receive some appropriations for certain multipurpose activities and for its stewardship activities. Since 1999, however, TVA has not received any appropriations from Congress for any activities and has funded essential stewardship activities primarily with power revenues in accordance with a statutory directive from Congress.
TVA, unlike most power companies, is not authorized to raise capital by issuing equity securities.. TVA relies primarily on cash from operations and proceeds from power program borrowings to fund its operations. The TVA Act authorizes TVA to issue bonds, notes, and other evidences of indebtedness (collectively, "Bonds") in an amount not to exceed $30 billion at any time. In June 2005, the Office of Management and Budget transmitted draft.legislation to Congress that would expand the type of evidences of indebtedness that count toward TVA's $30 billion debt ceiling.
Under this legislation, long-term obligations that finance capital assets would count toward the debt ceiling, including lease-leaseback arrangements and power prepayment agreements with original terms exceeding one year. If Congress decides to broaden the type of financial instruments that are covered by the debt ceiling or to lower the debt ceiling, TVA might not be able to raise enough capital to, among other things, service itsthen-existing financial obligations, properly operate and maintain its power assets, and provide for reinvestment in its power program. At September 30, 2006, TVA had approximately $22.9 billion of Bonds outstanding. For additional information regarding TVA's sources of funding, see Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysisof Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Liquidity and Capital Resources-Sources of Liquidity.
Stewardship Activities. TVA's mission includes managing the United States' fifth largest river system -
the Tennessee River and its tributaries -
to provide, among other things, year-round navigation, flood damage reduction, affordable and reliable electricity, and, consistent with these primary purppses, recreational opportunities, adequate water supply, improved water quality, and economic development. TVA owns and operates 49 dams, which comprise its integrated reservoir system. The reservoir system provides 800 miles of commercially navigable waterway and also provides significant flood reduction benefits both within the Tennessee River system and downstream on the lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The reservoir system also provides a water supp!y for residential and industrial customers, including cooling water for some of TVA's fossil fuel and nuclear power plants.
Page 42 of 141
Strategy and Performance Indicators Strategy. In the context of these distinguishing features of TVA's business, the recently restructured TVA Board is now determining TVA's broad business goals, objectives,, and policies, and is'developing the long-range plans for carrying out these goals, objectives, and policies. These will, among other things, guide TVA's strategy for addressing the challenges set out below...';
Performance Indicators. *TVA will, in.theinterim, be guided by the 2007 performance indicators.that the TVA Board approved in November 2006.. TVA will work to achieve measurable numeric goals established for each of these indicators, which are designed to relate activity at the operational level to excellence in four key areas:
finances, customers, operations, and people. These performance indicators are described in the table below.
-Category Performance Indicator
, Description of Performance Indicator Financial Delivered Cost of Power Excluding FCA Measures the cost per megawatt-hour of power sold to customers Costs excluding costs'covered by~the FCA Financial FCA Costs Measures costs covered'by the FCA per megawatt-hour of power' sold Financial Productivity Measures total TVA labor costs and contract labor costs Customer Connection Point Interruptions Measure interruptions of power caused by TVA's transmission system Customer Customer Satisfaction Survey Measures the satisfaction of TVA's customers with TVA in a variety -
of areas Customer Economic Development Measures job giowth, the quality of jobs, a nd capiItal invested by
.economic development partners in the TVA service area Operations Equivalbrit Availability F~ctor. '
Measures availability'df generation
' Operations Environmental Impact Mbasures 23 environmental elements to assbss the impact of TVA's
- operations on air cquality, water quality, landý,'waste production, and energy consumption People Safe Workplace Measures recordable injuries per hours worked Note
- FCA-Fuel Cost Adjustment.,
Challenges During 2006' ""
TVA faced several challenges during 2006 that impacted its'cash.flows, results of operations, and financial condition.. The three most significant of these were the performance challenges at some of TVA's generation plants, increased fuel and purbhased power costs, and adverse weather conditions.
Perfdrrnance of Certain'Generation Assets During the Summer. 'Many. of TVA's generation assets have been operating since the 1950's and have been in near constant service since they were completed. In 2006, some of TVA's generating assets failed to operate as planned during times 'of high Summer demand, and TVA thus had to purchase more power than expected when purchased power prices were high. Significant outages during 2006 included the following:
On May 30, 2006, operators at Unit 1 of Watts Bar Nuclear Plant '("Watts Bar'") detected a problem involving the main turbine:and took the reactor offline safely without further incident., The' low-pressure turbine from-Unit 2 at Watts Bar, which has never'been put in service, was modified and used to repair the damaged turbine. The unit returned to service on June.25,'2006. Watts Bar Unit 1 was.taken offline again on July 31, 2006, when the main generator shut down, and it returned to fullpower operation on August 4, 2006. Watts Bar Unit 1 has a net winter dependable capacity of approximately 1,168 megawatts....
Bull Run Fossil Plant ("Bull Run"), Which has a Wvinter net dependable capacity of appr6ximately 889 megawatts, was taken offline on July 25, 2006, due to a,broken turbine stub shaft. The plartt returned to serice o'n August 5, 2006, following replacement of the-stub shaft and associated repairs and inspection.
Page 43 of 141
Increased Fuel and Purchased Power Costs. During 2006, TVA's fuel and purchased power costs
- increased $732 million, or 28.1 percent, over TVA's fuel and purchased power costs in 2005. To recover these increased fuel and purchased power costs, TVA implemented two rate increases during 2006, a 7.52 percent rate increase effective October 1, 2005, and a 9.95 percent rate increase effective April 1, 2006. The combined rate increases provided additional revenues of approximately $873 million during 2006. To more effectively manage fuel and purchased power costs in the future, the TVA Board approved a fuel cost adjustment ("FCA") mechanism.that will adjust TVA's rates on a quarterly basis to reflect changing fuel and purchased power costs beginning in 2007. The FCA for the first quarter of 2007 is 0.00 cents.per kilowatt-hour, and the FCA for the. second quarter of 2007 is 0.01 cents per kilowatt-hour. In connection with approving the FCA, theiTVA Board approved a 4.5 percent rate decrease effective on October 1, 2006.
Weather. During 2006, TVA was negatively affected by low rainfall. Water runoff was 63 percent of the planned amount for the TVA basin for 2006, which reduced TVA's hydroelectric generation, as well as the amount of water available for cooling TVA's nuclear and coal-fired plants. Hydroelectric generation decreased from 10 percent of TVA's total generation in 2005 to six percent of TVA's total generation in 2006. Because of the lower hydroelectric generation, TVA had to rely more than anticipated on purchased power, as well as on generation from TVA's other generation units,*which are more costly to operate than TVA's hydroelectric units.
Future Challenges As TVA looks to the future, TVA faces challenges in addition to the ones thatsignificantly impacted TVA during 2006. Some of the more significant challenges relate to new generation, total financing obligations, retention of customers, TVA's service area, and legislation.
New Generation. TVA is considering the proper balance between using purchased power and TVA's own generation to meet the TVA service area's growing power supply needs. At.September 30, 2006, 4,275 megawatts, or 12.2 percent, of TVA's winter net dependable capacity was provided under power purchase agreements. Prices for purchased power have been volatile in recent years. In addition, parties that collectively provide 3,008 megawatts of TVA's winter net dependable capacity under power purchase agreements' are in bankruptcy, although each of these parties has continued to perform under its power purchase agreement with TVA during the bankruptcy proceedings.
In light of an expected increase in demand for electricity in TVA's service area and recent purchased power price volatility and provider unreliability, TVA has taken steps to build or acquire new generation. TVA expects to complete recovery work and return Unit 1 of its Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant to service in 2007 at a 60st of $1.8 billion, and this unit is expected to add approximately 1,150 megawatts initially (and approximately 1,280 megawatts potentially) of base-load generation.' The TVA Board has also approved the purchase of two combustion turbine generating plants, which together are expected to add approximately 1,297 megawatts of winter peaking capacity.
The purchases of these plants are expected to bclose in December 2006. TVA is currently updating its strategic plan.
When completed' the strategic plan could indicate that it is desirable for TVA to acquire additional generation' rather than depend on market purchases. Such new generation could require significant capital expenditures in order to meet the needs of the TVA service area., Inaddition, TVA is studying the cost of completing the unfinished Unit 2 at the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant and corqsid.ering the possibility of building a new advanced design nuclear unit at its Bellefonte Nuclear Plant site. Additionally, TVA may study acquiring generation from.other fuel sources.
Total Financirg Obligations. As of September 30,'2006, TVA had $25.2' billion of Bonds, energy prepayment obligations, and lease financing obligations outstanding (collectively, "Total Financing Obligations" or "TFOs"). Payment obligations on TFOs are fixed and do not change with the amount of power sold. If competition increases, large.TFO payment.obligations could limit TVA'sability to adjust to market'pressure. During 2006 and 2005,.TVA reduced TFOs by $341 million and $302 million, respectively, and'TVA has reduced*TFOs by a total of
$2.5 billion since 1996, when TFOs reached their highest level. While-prudent management of TFOs will remain an important strategic consideration in the future, increased capital commitments may make it~difficult for TVA to continue its trend of reducing TFOs.
Retention of Customers. It is important that TVA retain its existing customers since TVA cannot acquire new customers outside of its service area to help compensate for the revenues that TVA loses from customers that begin purchasing power from arnother power supplier. As of September 30, 2006, six of TVA's distributor customers had notices terminrating their power contracts still in effect, and sales to these six distributor customers generated 2.9 percent of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006.. Five of these distributor customers are located in Kentucky, where power rates are among the lowest in the nation.
Page 44 of 141
I Challenges to TVA's Service Area.. There are currently-two significant challenges to TVA's service area involving distributor, customers located in Kentucky.. The first is the FERC administrative proceeding, which~is now in litigation, involving the request of East Kentucky Power Cooperative to interconnect its transmission system with TVA's transmission system in order to serve Warren Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation, a TVA distributor customer that has notified TVA of its decision to terminate its existing power supply contract. TVA believes the interconnection order issued by FERC in that proceeding circumvents the anti-cherrypicking provision. See Note 16 Customers. The second involves legislation introduced by Kentucky Senators.McConnell and Bunning that would exempt any distributor customer located' in the-Commonwealth of Kentucky from the anti-cherrypicking provisions,.
While the sale of power to all of the distributor.customers located-in Kentucky generated only 4.6 percent of TVA's total operating revenues in 2006, a negative resolution to either of these challenges could establish a precedent for reducing TVA's service area on a piecemeal basis.:
Legislation., TVA exists pursuant to legislation enacted by Congress and carries on its operations in accordance with this legislation. Since Congress has the authority to change this legislation, TVA is subject to more legislative risks than most utilities. Given the nature of the legislative process, it is possible that new legislation or a change to existing legislation that has a profound, detrimental impact on TVA's activities could become law with little or no advan'cenotice. For a discussion of the potential impact oflegislation on TVA, see Item 1A,. Risk Factors:
Liquidity and Capital Resources Sources of Liquidity T"VA's current liabilities exceed current-assets because c5f the-continued use of short-term debt as a funding source to meet cash needs as,well.as scheduled maturities of long-term debt. To meet short-term cash needs and
.,contingencies, TVA depends on various-sources of liquidity. TVA's primary sources of liquidity are-cash on handand cash from operations, proceeds from the issuance of short-term and long-term debt, and proceeds from:borrowings under TVA's $150 million note with the U.S. Treasury. Other sources of liquidity include two $1.25 billion credit facilities with a national bank, as well as occasional proceeds from other financing arrangements including call monetization transactiOns and sales of-receivables and loans. Each of these sources of liquidity is discussed below.
Summary.Cash Flows. A major source ofTVA's liquidity is, operating cash flows resulting from the,.
generation and salesiof electricity. -A summary of cash flow components for the years ended.September 30kfollows:
r.
- .Summary Cash -Flows.-
For the. years endedSeptember 30 2006 2005 2004 Cash provided by (used'ih):.-
Operating activities
- Investing activities Financing activities,
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents 2006
$ 2,014.
$ 1,462"
$ 3,290 (1,727)
(1,188)
-, (1,718)
( (2891
(, 255)
-0,5861
- " Issuance of Debt. The TVAAct authorizes TVA to i~sue-Bonds in'an amount hot to exceed $30 billion at
,arrytime& Durin'gthe past three years, TVA issued two types of Bonds: poweri bonds and disodiurit notes.: Power bonds-have matUrities-of between, One and 50 years, and.discount-notes have maturities of less tharfohe year.
TVA's rated Bonds are currently rated "Aaa" by Moody's Investors Service, and "AAA" by Standard & Poor's and. Fitch Ratings,,whichare the highest ratings'assigned by these agencies. The ratings are' not recommendations to
.' buy';,sell;.or hold'ary TVA securities; and may-bei subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the rating'agencies.
- -Ratings are-assigned independently and each should be-evaluated as-such. For a dis'cussion on the effects of-a reductioh in TVA's credit rating" see.Ite-m-7;. Management's Discussion and Analysis~of Financial Condition-and.
'Results of Operations - -Risk Mahagement`Activities'-
-Credit Risk.
TVA-relies heavily on'proceeds frbm the-issuance of discount notes to fund current cashrequirements.
During 2006, 2005, and 2004, the average outstanding balance of discount notes was $2.0'billion, $2:1 billion; and
$1.1 billion.
-Page 45of 141
TVA issues power bonds primarily.to refinance previously-issued power-bonds as they-mature. During 2006, 2005, and 2004, TVA-issued. $1*;1 billion, $1.7 billion, and $0.8 billion of power bonds, respectively, and redeemed $1.2 billion, $2.4 billion, and $2.3 billionhof power bonds, respectively.
For mor&ihformation regarding TVA's debt activities,- see Note9.
,9--
$150 Million Note-with U.&S Treasury. -TVA has access to financing arrangements with the U.S. Treasury, whereby the U.S. Treasury-is authorizedito accept a short-term-note.-with the maturity of one year or less in:an amount not to exceed-$150 million. TVA may draw, any portion of-the authorized $150 million during the year.
Interest is accrued daily and paid quarterly at a rate, determined by the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury each month based on the average of outstanding obligations of the United States' with-maturities of one year or less. During 2006, 2005, and 2004, the daily average amounts outstanding were approximately $131 million, $103 million, and
$35 million, respectively. The outstanding balances were repaid quarterly.- See Note 7 and Note 9--'Debt-- Short-Term Debt.
Credit Facilities. In the event of shortfalls in cash resources, TVA, has short-term funding available in the form of revolving bredit facilities.- In May 2006, TVA converted its $2.5 billion short-term revolving credit facility with a national bank into two $1.25 billion short-term revolving credit facilities with the same national bank. In order to provide greater flexibility going forward, TVA staggered the maturities of the two credit facilities to November 12, 2006, and May 16, 2007. See Note 16 -
Subsequent Events -
Revolving Credit Facility Agreement. The interest rate on any borrowing under either of these facilities is variable and based on market factors and the ratingof TVA's senior unsecured long-term non-credit enhanced debt at the time TVA draws on either facility. TVA is required to pay-an unused facility fee on the portion of the total $2.5 billion against which-TVA has-notborrowed.'The fee may fluctuate depending upon the rating of TVA's senior unsecured longterm. non-credit enhanced debt.:-' There were no
- outstanding borrowings under the facilities at September 30; 2006. TVA anticipates renewing each credit facility from
-time'to time..
Call Monetization Transactions. From timeto time TVA has entered into swaption transactions to monetize the value of call provisions on certain of its Bond issues. 'A swaption essentially grants a third party-the-right to enter into a swap agreement with TVA'under which TVA receives a floating rate of interest and pays the third party a fixed rate of interest equal to the interest rate on the bond issue whose call provision TVA monetized. Through September
-30, 2006, TVA has entered into four swaption transactions that generated-proceeds of $261.million.-.,
In 2002, TVA monetized the call provisions on "a $1 billion Bond issue by entering into a swaption agreement with a third party in exchange for $175 million.
In 2003, TVA monetized the cail.provisions on a second Bond issue of $476 million by entering into a swaption agreement with a third party in exchange for $81 million. -
In 2005, TVA monetized the call provisions on two Bond issues ($42 million total par value) by entering into swaption agreements with a third party in exchange for $5 million.
For more information' regarding TVA's call monetization transactions, see Note 8 -- Swaptions and Related Interest Rate Swap.
Sales of Receivables/Loans. From time to time TVA obtains proceeds from selling receivables and loans.
During 2006, TVA sold $22 million of receivables at.par such that TVA did not.recognize a gain or loss~on the sale.
Of this amount, $,1 1million represents receivables from power customers related to the construction of a substation and other energy conservation projects, which is included within the Cash Flow Statement under the caption:CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES.
4',"
During 2005, TVA sold $60 million of receivables.,Of this amount;, $1 -million represented.receivables.from power.customers.related to the construction of a substation and other. energy-conservation'projects, -which isincluded within -the. Cash Flow Statement under the caption CASH FLOWS FROMINVESTING ACTIVITIES. The receivables were~sold at par-such.that TVA did not recognize.a gain or loss on the sale. -Additionally,-TVA sold a portfolioof 51 power.
distributor customer loans receivable. The portfolio was sold for $55 m.illion, without recourse to TVA, and contained loans with maturities ranging from less than one year to over 34 years. The principal amount due on the loans at the time of the sale was.$57 million. The $2 million loss is reported in OTHER INCOME, NET on-the, Income Statement for the year ended September, 30, 2005.- -
There were no corresponding sales of receivables during 2004. TVA did not retain any claim on these loans and receivables sold, and they are no longer reported on TVA's Balance Sheets. For more information regarding TVA's sales of receivables and loans, see Note 1 -
Sales of Receivables/Loans.
Page 46 of 141 --".,
2006 Compared to 2005 Net cash provided by operating activities increased $552 million from 2005 to 2006. This increase resulted from:
An increase in cash provided by operating revenues of $1.4 billion resulting primarily due to higher average rates from rate actions effective in October. 2005 and April 2006 and, to a lesser extent, by increased'de'mand in 2006;'
Less cash paid for interest of $46 million in 2006; and A decrease in expenditures for nuclear refueling outages of $50 million due to the number and timing of outages during 2006:
These items were partially offset by:
An increase in cash paid for fuel and purchased power of $734 million due to higher volume and increased market prices; An increase in payments in lieu of taxesof $11 million;
-An increase in cash outlays for routine and recurring operating costs of $44 million;.and An increase in other deferred items of $55 million primarily due to $22 million of increased contributions to the TVA Retirement System and $15 million related to customer advances for construction.
Net cash'us6d by changes in components of working capital increased $117 million from 2005 primarily from:
A larger increase in accounts receivable of $195 million due to increased sales of the prior year and higher rates in 2006; and' A larger increase in inventories of $108 million due to higher priced coal and natural gas in ending
'inventory in 2006 and a higher volcme'of coal on hand at the ei'd of '2006.
These items were partially offset by:
A $125 million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in 2006 compared to a $16 million decrease in.2005 primarily due.to changes in the amount of collateral held by TVA of $88 million under terms of a swap agreement and higher costs for fuel and purchased power;, and A $23 million increase in accrued interest in 2006 compar ed to a $22 million increase* in 2005 due to
. timing of interest payments on Bonds issued relative to Bonds retired-during 200.6.
Cash used in investing activities increased $539 million from 2005 to 2006. The increase is primarily due to:
Sales of short-term investments of $335 million in 2005 with no comparable sales in 2006; An increase in expenditures for the enrichment and fabrication of nuclear fuel of $136 million for the Sequoyah Unit 2 and Watts Bar Unit 1 -reloads scheduled to be'completed in the first quarter of 2007, and expenditures related to uranium, conversion, and enrichment for Browns Ferry' Unit 1; An increase in expenditures for capital projects of $60 million was primarily due to increases in transmission construction projects related to reliability and load growth on the TVA system, including a substation and a 500-kv transmission line on the bulk transmission system, an increase in expenditures for nuclear projects of $17 million primarily for the Browns Ferry Unit 1 restart, and a corresponding increase in allowance for funds used during construction of $35 million; partially offset by decreases in clean air expenditures of $20 million related to project completions and a decrease in hydro expenditures of $26 million; and A decrease in proceeds received from the sale of certain receivables/loans of $45 million compared to the same period of 2005.
These items were partially offset by:
A damage award in 2006 of $35 million in TVA's breach of contract 'suit against the DOE; and Page 47 of 141
A smaller increase in collateral deposits in 2006 of $16 million as compared to 2005. See Note 1 -
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies -
Restricted Cash and Investments.
Net cash used in financing activities was $34 million greater in 2006 than 2005 primarily due to:
A decrease in issuance of long-term debt of $518 million;,
Net issuances of short-term debt 6f $546 million in-2005 compared-to riet redemptions of short-term debt of $93 million in 2006; and 0
An increase in payments to the U.S. Treasury of $2 million due'f6 changes in i6terest-rates.
These items were partially offset by:
o A decrease in redemptions of long-term debt of $1.1 billion in 2006 compared to 2005.
2005 Compared to 2004 Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $1.8 billion from 2004 to 2005ý. The decrease resulted from:
P proceeds of $1.5 billion received in 2004 for energy-prepayments with no comparable prepayment in
- 2005;
,2,,
o Increased cash paid for fuel and purchased power of $521 million due to higher volume and increased market prices;
,, I I o
An increase in expenditures for nuclear refueling outages of $36 million due to the number and timing of outages; i
¢i-
ý'ý
". 'i. '° - 4, 1 An increase in other deferred items of $28 million primarily dueto increased contributions to the TVA Retirement System; An increase in payments in iou of taxes of $27 nmiIlion; and..
Decreased cash provided from net income components of $199 million.
These items were partially offset by:
An increase in cash provided.by operating revenues of*$251 million resulting primarily from increased sales volume;
.,A decrease in cash outlays for interest of $47 million; and,.
A decrease in cash outlays for 0perating and maint6nance costs of $38 million primarily due to $33 million in severance and restructuring costs that were recognized in 2004.
Net cash used by changes in working capital components increased $59 million from 2004 to 2005. The working capital fluctuation primarily resulted from: -
An increase in accounts receivable of.$69 million in 2005 due to increased sales volume during the summer months of 2005; o
A larger payment of accrued interest of $17 million in 2005 than in 2004 due-to the timing of interest payments on Bonds issued relative-to Bonds retired;t and
-An increase in inventories and other of $12 mrillioniin 2005 compared to a decrease in inventories and other of'$10 million in2004 primarily due to purchases.of emissiorh allowances and prepayment of insurance premiumý for new bprograms in 2005.-'. -'
These items were-partially offset by a smaller decrease of $49' million'in accounts payable and accrued liabilities primarily due to the receipt-of~a $107. million collateral depositand an increase in fuel and purchased power expense of $71 million in 2005 partially offset by the payment of certain 2004 accruals in 2005, including a $41 million payment related to Browns Ferry Nuclear Unif 1, a $10 million litigation settlement, a $6 million annual leave lump sum payment, and a payment of $18 million in performance incentives.
Cash.used in investing activities decreased $530 million from 2004 to 2005. The change is primarily due to:
Page 48 of 141
Maturity of short-term investments of $335 million in 2005 compared to an increase in short-term*
investments of $68 million in 2004; A decrease in expenditures for capital projects of $213 million primarily due to decreases in clean air expenditures of $210 million partially offset by increases in expenditures for the Browns Ferry Unit 1 restart; Proceeds received in 2005 from the sale of certain power distributor customer loans receivable of
$55 million (see Note 1 -
Sale of Receivables/Loans); and Cash provided by,'net'collections on loans and long-term receivables of $6 million in 2005 compared to $5 million in 2004, and net proceeds from investment activity of $1 million.
'These items were partially offset'by:
An increase in expenditures for the enrichment and fabrication of nuclear fuel of $22 millionas four nuclear units completed refueling outages in 2005; A payment of $15 million in 2004 from Regenesys Technologies Limited in connection with cancellation.of the Regenesys project due toinability of manufacturer to supply materials; and An increase in restricted cash'of $107 million-resulting from collateral deposits'in 2005 (see Note 1 bRstricted Cash and Investmehts).
Net cash used in financing activities'decreased $1.3 billion from 2004 to 2005 primarily due to:
An increase in'issuancen s of long-term debt of $878 million in 2005; Net issuances of short-term debt of $546 million in 2005 compare.d to net redemptions of short-term debt of $157 million in 2004; A decrease in payments to the U.S. Treasury of $2 million due to lower interest rates in 2005; and A decrease in lease payments of $26 million inr 2005.
These items were partially offset by:
An increase in redemptions of long-term debt of$117 million prirftarily due to the refinancing of callable debt at lower interest rates; A decrease in bond p.remium received of $97 million in 2005; A decrease in swap receivable monetization of,$55 million in 2005; and An increase in net financing costs of $14 milli6n' in 2005 related to Bond transactions.
Cash Requirements and Contractual Obligations Dueto the nature of the power industry, which requires large multi-year capital investments, using trends and multi-year forecasts are important in assessing the effectiveness of management's decisions related to capital expenditures, pricing, and accessing capital markets. TVA expects that cash provided by operating activities and new financing activities will be adequateto meet these estimated cash requirements, as well as other cash commitments.
The future planned construction expenditures for property, plant, and equipment additions, including clean
,air projects and new generation, aire estimated to be as follows:
Future Planned Construction Expenditures As of September 30 Actual
. Estimated Construction Expenditures 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011' Browns FerryUnit 1 Restart 428 Clean Air Expenditures 182 Transmission Expenditures 2 232 Other Capital Expenditures 3 406 Total Capital Projects Requirements 4 1248 76 286 203 487 S1.0O52 357 231 3.06 319 290 312 368 278 611 510 560 534 1 199
$ 1,162_
Page 49 of 141
Notes (1)
This table shows only expenditures that are currently planned. TVA is updating its'strategic plan. When completed, the strategic plan could indicate that it is desirable for TVA to acquire additional generation rather than depend on market purchases. Such new generation could require significant capital expenditures in order to meet the needs of TVA's service area. The table does not include any projects to provide additional generation which may be identified in the strategic planning process.
.I (2)
Transmission Expenditures include reimbursable projects.
"(3)
Other Capital Expenditures are primarily associated with short lead time construction expenditure projects aimed at the continued safe and reliable operation of generating assets.
(4)
Actual 2006 capital projectsarequirements excludes allowance for funds used during construction of $151 million.
TVA conducts a continuing review of its construction expenditures and financing programs. The amounts shown in the table above are forward-looking amounts based on a number of assumptions and.are subject to various uncertainties. Actual amounts may differ materially based upon a number of factors, includinhg Changes in assumptions about system load growth, environmental regulation, rates of inflation, total' cost of major projects, and availability and cost of external sources of capital; as well as the outcome of the'ongoing irestructuring of the electric industry.
TVA does not anticipate receiving a financial return on its clean'air'expenditures because these expenditures neithei, generate revenues nor reduce costs. In fact, clean air equipment will reduce the operating efficiency and increase the operating costs of TVA's coal-fired units. In the-near term,. TVA will be negatively impacted by investments in new generation (i.e.,. Browns Ferry Unit 1 ) that are not expected to return a cash contribution until 2007.
TVA also has certain obligations an d commitments to'make future payments under contracts. The following table sets forth TVA's estimates of future payments as of September 30, 2006. See Notes 7, 9, a6nd 13 for a further
- 'deschiption of these obligations and commitments.
Commitments and Contingencies Payments'Due in the Year Ending September 30 Total 2007 2008 2009' 2010 2011 Thereafter Debt
$ 22,888
$ 3;361 90
$.2,030 63
$ 1,015
$16,329 Interest payments relating to debt 21,555 1,188 1,152 1,096 1,042
- 1.
1 011 16,066 Leases Non-cancelable operating 135 45 41 26 12 4
7 Capital 272.
.63 59 57 67 30 6
Power purchase obligations 4,354
, 205 146 148
.152
- 154 3,549 Purchase obligations Fuel purchase obligations 3,015 1,083 509 496 400 249 278 Other obligations 327.
199 111 5
3 2
7 Payments on other financings 1,557 85 89 85 89 95 1,114 Payment to U.S. Treasury 432 40 "43 42 41 40 226 Retirement plans 90 90 Total 55 Note Dbes'not include noncash items of foreign currency valuation loss of $195 million and net discount on sale of bonds of $178 million.
Under the terms of an interagency agreement, DOE and other third,-party nuclear fuel. processors* provide,.
nuclear fuel materials and. process the materials into Usable fuel for TV.A nuclear reactors. In exchange, DOE will participate to a degree in the savings generated by TVA's.use of this blended nuclear fuel product. As of September 30, 2006, TVA projects that DOE's share of savings generated by TVA's use of this blended nuclear fuel product could result in future payments to DOE of as much as $272 million..TVA anticipates these future payments could begin in 2009. At September 30, 2006, TVA has.:accrued an obligation of $2 million related to such future potential payments.
In addition to the cash requirements above, TVA has contractual obligations in the foWrm of revenue discounts related to energy prepayments. See Note 1 -
Energy Prepayment Obligations.
Page 50 of 141.
Energy Prepaymnent Obligations Payments Due in the Year Ending September 30 TnteI 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Th.reafter Total 2007 2008 200q Energy Prepayment Obligations L1244 9;O i10 s-5.105
$5105 S$I05-
$._/1/_
Results of Operations Financial Results The following tablecompares operating results and selected statistics for 2006, 2005, and. 2004:,
Summary Statements of Income For the years ended September 30 2006 2005 2004 Operating revenues
$ 9,185
$ 7;794
$ ' 7,533'.
Operating expenses
"'Operatin§ income Other income Other expense Unrealized (loss)/gain on derivative contracts, net Interest expense, net Income before cumulative effectý'of accounting chariges Cumulative effect of change in accounting for conditional asset
.retirement obligations Net income Sales (millions of kWh),
(7,582)
(6.503) 1,603 1,291 67-56 (2)
' (4)
(*15) 3" 3
(1,215)
(1.261) 438 85 (5_873) 1,660 44 (1)
(7)
(1,310) 386 M
109).
176,370 171,498 165,858 2006 Compared to 2005 Net income for 2006 was $329 million compared with net income of $85 million for 2005. The $244 million increase in net income was mainly attributable to a $1,391 -million increase in operating revenues and lower net interest expense of $46 million, partiallyoffset by a $1,079 million increase in operatirng expenses, a $15 million unrealized loss on derivative contracts, net, in 2006 as compared to an unrealized gain'of $3 million in 2005, and a
.$109 million cumulative expense charge in 2006 for adoption of a new accounting standard related to conditional asset retirement obligations. See Note 4.
Operating Revenues. Electricity sales and operating revenue during 2006 and 2005 consisted of the following:.
Page 51 of.141 -
Electricity Sales and Operating Revenue For'the years ended September 30, Sales of Electricity...
Operating Revenues (millions of kWh)
(millions of dollars)
Percent Percent 2006 2005 Change 2006 2005 Change Sales of electricity and operating revenues Municipalities and cooperatives 143,343 136,640 4.9%
$ 7,880
$ 6,561 *:
20.1%
Industries directly served 30,987 30,872 0.4%
1,066 962 10.8%
Federal agencies and other "
2,040, 3,986 (48.8%)
116.'
181 (35.9%)
Other revenue 123 90 36.7%
Total sales of electricity and operating 1
17149 2.8%
$9185" 17.8%
revenues Significant items contributing to the $1,391 million increase in operating revenue include:.
A $1,319 million increase in revenue from municipalities and. cooperatives reflecting increased sales of 4.9 percent and average rates rising 14.5 percent of which $822 million relates to the. rate adjustments effective October 1, 2005, and April 1, 2006; A $104 million increase in revenue from industries attributable to sales increasing 0.4 percent and average rates rising 10.4 percent of which $41 million relates to the rate.adjustments effective October 1, 2005, and April 1,2006; and A $33 million increase in other revenue primarily due to increased transmission revenues from wheeling activity.
The rate adjustments, effective the first quarter and third quarter of 2006, contributed aboit $873 million to the increase in revenues on firm-based products during 2006 as compared to 2005. Firm-based products.carry higher rates since they offer the most reliable power supply. As a result, customers purchasing these products are the last to have their supply interrupted during a system emergency. An additional $237 million of the increase in revenues is due to higher aveeage rates related to a shift in product and customer mix and higher rates'for v~riable jOriced products.
The $65 million decrease in FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER was primarily due to:
,An S2
-An $82 million decrease in exchange power sales reflecting decreased sales of 90.3 percent. and reduced generaiion'of 2.7 percent which.includes a 36.6 percent decrease.in hy~droelectric~generation
. : resulting from -dry conditions in 2006;*offset by A $17 million incr6ase in revenues from federal agencies directly served dub to increased salesd6f 419 percent and average rates rising 14.3 percertt of which $10 million relate to the rate adjustments effective October 1, 2005, and April 1, 2006.
Significant items contributing to the 4,872 million kilowatt-hour increase in electricity sales include:
A 6,703 million kilowatt-hour increase in sales to municipalities and cooperatives attributable to 4,707 million kilowatt-hours related to the unbilled estimate methodology used in 2005 (see Note 1 -
Accounts Receivable) and a 1,996 kilowatt-hour increase in sales demand by municipalities and cooperatives during 2006; A 115 million kilowatt-hour increase in sales to directly served industries as a result of increased firm and Firm Power Interruptible demand of 48.3 percent and 93.6 percent, respectively, offset by decreased Economy Surplus Power/Variable Priced Interru'ptible and Preferred Interruptible Power/Firm Power Interruptible demand of 29.2 percent and 32.3 percent respectively; and An 85 million kilowatt-hour increase in sales to federal agencies primarily due to increased demand of 34.5 percent for other miscellaneous products.
Page 52 Of 141
These items were partially offset by a 2,031 million kilowatt-hour decrease in exchange power sales (included in FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER) mainly reflecting decreased generation available for sale.
Operating Expenses. A table of operating expenses follows:
TVA Operating Expenses For the years ended September 30 Percent 2006 2005 Change Operating expenses Fuel and purchased power
$3,333
$2,601 28.1%
Operating and maintenance 2,372 2,359
<1%
Depreciation, amortization and accretion 1,492 1,154 29.3%
Payments in lieu of taxes 376 365 3.0%
Loss on asset impairment/project cancellation 9
24 (62.5%)
Total operating expenses V-582
$E 16.6%
Significant drivers contributing to the $1,079 million increase in total operating expenses include:
A $377 million increase in fuel expense attributable to higher aggregate fuel cost per kilowatt-hour net thermal generation of 19.0 percent and increased generation of 1.2 percent, 3.0 percent, and 0.3 percent at the coal-fired, combustion turbine, and nuclear plants, respectively, in part because of lower hydroelectric generation; A $355 million increase ih'purchased power expense reflecting increased average purchase price of 16.3 percent and higher volume acquired of 27.7 percent to accommodate for decreased hydroelectric generation and for slightly lower asset availability in 2006 than planned; and An $11 million increase in payments'in lieu of taxes due to increased gross revenues of 3.1 percent from the sale of power (excluding sales or deliveries to other federal agencies and exchange sales with other utilities) during 2005 as compared to 2004. See Item 1, Business -
Payments in Lieu of Taxes.
Additionally, amortization expense increased $388 million largely as a result of the amortization of the deferred cost of nuclear generating units.at'Bellefonte Nuclear Plant. See Note 2.
These items were partially offset by a $51 million decrease in'depreciation mainly due to ihe depreciation' rate reduction for Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant reflecting the 20-year license extensions.
Other Income. The $11 million increase in other income is largely attributable to increased interest earnings on the collateral deposit funds held by TVA and interest income from short-term investments. See Note 1-Restricted Cash and Investments.
Other Expense. The $2 million decrease in other expense is due to the loss of $2 million on the sale of distributor customer loan program receivables in 2005 not present in 2006.
Unrealized (Loss)/Gain on Derivative Contracts, Net. The $18 million change in net unrealized (loss)/gain on derivative contracts reflecting a gain of $3 million during 2005 and a loss of $15 million during 2006 is a result of a
$177 million net loss on the mark-to-market valuation of an embedded call option. This item was partially offset by:
A $45 million net gain on the mark-to-market valuation adjustment of an interest rate swap contract; A $108 million net gain on the mark-to-market valuation adjustment of swaption contracts; and A $6 million unrealized net loss related to the mark-to-market valuation of sulfur dioxide emissions allowance call options during the first quarter of 2005 not present in 2006.*
Interest Expense. Interest expense, outstanding debt, and interest rates during 2006 and 2005 were as follows:
Page 53 of 141
Interest Expense For the years ended September 30; Interest expense Interest on debt Amortization of debt discount, issue, and reacquisition costs, net Allowance for funds used during construction Net interest expense Percent 2006 2005 Change
$1,357
$1,356 (0.0%)
21 21 0.0%
(163)
(116) 40.5%
$1.215
$1261 (3.6%)
(percent)
I-Percent 2005 Change
'2006 Interest rates (average)
Long-term Discount notes Blended
- 6.17-6.25 4.47 2.70 6.02 5.93 (1.3%)
65.6%
1.5%
Significant items contributing to the $46 million decrease in net interest expense include:
SA'decrease in the average long-term interest rate from 6.25 percent in 2005 td16.i17 percent in 2006; A decrease of $407 million in the average balance of long-term outstanding debt in. 2006; A decrease of $75 million in the average balance of discount notes outstanding in 2006; and
-A $47 million increase in AFUDC due to a higher level of construction work-in-progress in 2006.
These items were partially offset by an increase in the average discount notes interest rate from 2.70 percent to 4.47 percent between 2005 and 2006.
2005 Compared to 2004 Net income for 2005 was $85 million compared with net income of $386 million for 2004. The $301 million decrease in net income was mainly attributable to a $630 million increa se in oIperating expenses, partially offset by an increase in operating revenues of $261 million, lower net interest expense of $49 million, and a $10 million change in unrealized (loss)/gain on derivative contracts reflecting a $3,million gain in 2005 and a $7 million loss in 2004.
Operating Revenues. A table of electricity sales and operating revenue follows:
Electricity Sales and Operating Revenue For the years ended September 30
,Sales of Electricity (millions of kWh)
Operating Revenues (millions of dollars)
Percent 2004 Change Percent 2004 Change ko05 2005 Sales of electricity and operating revenue Municipalities and cooperatives Industries directly served Federal agencies and other Other reven'de Total sales of electricity and operating revenue 136,640 30,872 3,986 17148 133,161 29,344 3,353 165858 2.6%
5.2%
18.9%
3.4%
$6,561
$6,457 962 842 181 140 90 94 1.6%
14.3%
29.3%
(4.3%)
S 7~7~94
$ 7L53.3 3.5%
Significant items contributing to the $261 million increase in operating revenues include:
A $104 million increase in revenues from municipalities and cooperatives due to increased sales of 2.6 percent although average rates decreased 1.0 percent; Page 54 of 141
-A $120 million increase in revenues from industries directly served reflecting increased sales of 5.2 percent and average rates rising 8.6 percent; A $5 million increase in revenues from federal agencies directly served as a result of increased sales
ýof 2.0 percent and average rates rising 4.1 percent; and A $36 million increase in revenues from exchange power sales (included in FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER) attributable to increased total generation of 3.3 percent reflecting favorable market conditions.
Favorable market conditiohs relate to electricity demands both inside and outside'the TVA service area in addition to advantageous market rates.
Significant items contributing to the 5,640 million kilowatt-hour increase in electricity sales include:
A 3,479 million kilowatt-hour.increase in sales to municipalities and cooperatives primarily as a result of increased demand due to warmer summer weather reflecting higher combined degree days of 0.7 percent. During 2005, there were 325, or 18.6 percent, more cooling degree days offset by 291, or 9.0 percent, less heating degree days; A 1,528 million kilowatt-hour increase in sales to industries directly served largely attributable to increased demand of 19.1 percent from one of TVA's largest industrial consumers of power; A 34 million kilowatt-hour increase in sales to federal agencies directly served as a result of increased demand of 3.4 percent by firm-based customers; and A 599 million kilowatt-hour increase in exchange power sales (included in FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER) due to increased total generation of 3.3 percent reflecting favorable market conditions, Operating Expenses. Operating expenses during 2005 and 2004 were as follow:
TVA Operating Expenses For the years ended September 30 Percent 2005 2004 Change Operating expenses Fuel and purchased power
$2,601
$2,081 25.0%
Operating and maintenance 2,359 2,319 1.7%
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion 1,154 1,115 3.5%
Payments in lieu of taxes 365 338 8.0%
Loss on asset impairment/project cancellation 24 20 20.0%
Total operating expenses
$6,503 10.7%
Significant items contributing to the $630 million increase in total operating expenses for 2005 include:
A $269 million increase in fuel expense attributable to higher aggregate fuel cost per kilowatt-hour, net thermal generation of 14.1 percent, increased fuel handling costs of $8 million, and increased generation of 4.0 percent and 114.0 percent at coal-fired and combustion turbine plants, respectively; A $251 million increase in purchased power expense as a result of the average purchase price increasing 43.6 percent and higher volume acquired of 6.2 percent; A $77 million increase in pension and post retirement expense due primarily to increased interest cost coupled with increased amortization of actuarial loss (see Note 12);
A $29 million increase in depreciation expense attributable to capital projects placed in service; A $9 million increase in amortization expense related to the amortization of the capital lease.
recognized for the blended low enriched uranium program (see Note 1 -
Blended Low Enriched Uranium Program); and A $24 million impairment loss, related to the $16 million write-down of certain assets related to a new technology that had not been proven effective and a $8 million loss equal to the difference in the book value and market price of the East Tower of the Knoxville Office Complex (see Note 1 -
Impairment of Assets and Note 6 -
Asset Impairmeht).
These items were partially offset by a $33 million reduction in severance expense due to recognition of termination benefit costs in the prior period.
Page 55 of 141
Other Income. The $12 million increase in other income relates to increased interest income from short-term investments.
Other Expense. The $3 million increase in other expense is primarily due to the loss of over $2 million on the sale of distributor customer loan program receivables in 2005 not present in 2004.
Unrealized Gain on Derivative Contracts, Net. The $10 million c-hange in net unrealized (loss)/gain on derivative contracts reflecting a $7 million loss in 2004 and a $3 million gain in 2005, is a result of a $102 million net gain on the mark-to-market valuation of an embedded call option.
This item was partially offset by:
A $9 million net loss on the mark-to-market valuation adjustment of an interest rate swap contract; A $71 million net loss on the mark-to-market valuatioh adjustment of swaption contracts; and A $12 million unrealized net loss related to the mark-to-market valuation of sulfur dioxide emission allowance call options.
Interest Expense. A table of interest expense follows:
TVA Interest Expense'.
For the years ended September 30 Percent 2005 2004 Chanae Interest expense Interest on debt Amortization of debt discount, issue, and reacquisition costs, net Allowance for funds used during construction '
Net interest expense
$1,356
$1,385 (2.1%)
21 24 (12.5%)
(116)
(99) 17.2%
1$1230 (3.7%)
(percent)
Percent 2005 2004 Change Interest rates (average)
Long-term 6.25 6.36 (1.7%)
Discount notes 2.70 1.14 136.8%
Blended 5.93'-
6.12 (3.1%)
Significant items contributing to the $49 million decrease in net interest expense include:
A decrease in the average long-term interest rate from 6.36 percent to 6.25 percent; A reduction of approximately $1,089 million in the average balance of long-term debt outstanding; and
. A $17 million increase in AFUDC due to a higher level of construction work-in-progress in 2005.
These items were partially offset by:.
An increase in the avefage discount note interest rate from 1.14 percent to 2.70 percent; and An increase of $995 million in the average balance of discount notes outstanding.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements TVA has entered into one transaction that might constitute an off-balance sheet arrangement. In February 1997, TVA entered into a purchase power agreement with Choctaw Generation, :Inc.,(subsequdntly assigned to
'Choctaw Generation Limited Partnership) to purchase all the power generated from its facility located in Choctaw County, Mississippi.. The facility had a committed capacity of 440 megawatts and.the term of the agreement was 30 years. Under the accounting guidance provided by FIN 46R, TVA may be deemed to be the primary beneficiary under the contract; however, TVA does not have access to the financial records of Choctaw Generation Limited Partnership. As a result, TVA was unable to determine whether FIN 46R would require TVA to consolidate Choctaw Generation Limited Partnerships' balance sheet, results of operations, and cash flows for the yiear.ended September 30, 2006. Power purchases for 2006 under the agreement amounted to $121 million, and the remaining financial Page 56 of'141
commitment under this agreement is. $4.1 billion. TVA has no additional financial commitments beyond the purchase power agreement with respect to the facility.
'.See the discussion of variable interest entities in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results-of Operations -
NewAccounting.Standards and Interpretations-Variable Interest Entities.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements requires TVA to estimate the effects of various matters that are inherently uncertain as of the date of the financial statements. Although the financial statements~are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), management is required to make estimates and assumptions.that affect the reported amounts of assets and. liabilities, the disclosureof contingent assets and.
liabilities, and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the reporting period.: Each of these.estimates varies in regards to'the level of]judgment, involved and.its potential impact on TVA's financial results: Estimates are deemed critical either when a different estimate could have reasonably been used, orwhere changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, and such use or change would materially impact TVA's financial condition, changes in financial position, or results of operations. TVA's critical accountingpolicies are also discussed in Note 1 -
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.
Regulatory Accounting
.r Although TVA's power. rates:are, not subject to'regulatiori through a iublic service commission or other.
similar entity, TVA's. Board is authorized by the TVA Act to set rates for power sold to its customers. This rate-setting authority meets the "self-regulated" provisions of SFAS No. 71,,'Accounting for the Effects of Certain'Types of Regulation," and TVA-meets the remaining criteria of SFAS No: '71 that (1) TVA's regulated rates are designed to recover its costs of providing electricity and (2) in view-of demand.for electricity and the level of competition it is reasonable to:assume that the rates, set at.levelsthat will recover TVA's costs,.can be charged and collected..
Accordingly, TVA records certain assets.and liabilities that result from the regulated ratemaking process'that would not be recorded under GAAP for. non-regulated entities: Regulatory.assets generally represent incurred costs that have been deferred because such costs are probable of future, recovery in customer rates. Regulatory liabilities generally represent obligations to make refunds to customers'for~previous Collections.for costs that are not likely to be incurred. Management assesses-whether. the regulatory assets'are probable of future recovery.by considering factors such.as applicable regulatory changes,-potential legislation, and-changes in technology. Basedon this' assessment, management believes the.existing regulatory assets are probable of recovery. This determination reflects the current regulatory-and political-environmentand is subject to change in the future., If future recovery of regulatory assets'cease's to be probable, TVA could be required to write-off these'costs underthe provisions of SFAS No. 101, "Regulated Enterprises-Accounting for the Discontinuation of Application of FASB Statement No. 71." Any asset write-offs wodld be required to be recognized in'earnings in th'e period in which regulatory accounting under SEAS No. 71 ceased-to apply. See Note 5.*
I I.
- ý J..-:,
Long-Lived Assets TVA capitalizes long-lived assets such as property, plant, and equipment at historical cost, which includes direct and indirect costs and an allowance for funds used during construction. TVA recovers the, costs of these long-lived assets through depreciation of the physical assets as they are consumed in the process of providing products or services. Depreciation is generally computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated productive lives of the
.various' classes of assets. When TVA retires its regulated long-lived assets, it charges the original asset cost plus removal costs, less salvage value, to accumulatel depreciation in accordance with utility industry practice.
Long-Lived Assetlmpairmnents' TVA evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets when circumrtances indicate-the. carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. Under the provisions of SFAS No., 144, "Accounting.for the Impairment or Disposai'of Long-Lived Assets," an asseti impairmnent exists for a long-lived asset to beheld.and used when the carrying value.exceeds the sum of estimates of the undiscounted cash flovws expected to result from the use and e,ventual disposition of the asset. If the asset is impaired, thfe asset's carrying value is adjusted downward to its estimated fair value with a corresponding iml'aifment loss recobhized in earnings.
Page 57of-141
Revenue Recognition.
Revenues from power sales are recorded as power is delivered to cust omers. TVA accrues estimated unbilled revenues for power sales provided to customers for the period of time from~the end of the.billing'cycle.to the end. of the. month. The methodology for estimatingunbilled revenue from electricity sales Uses meterireadingsfor each customer for the current billing period. See Note 1-Revenues.
Asset Retirement Obligations In accordance with the provisions of'SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," and FIN No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations--an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143,"
TVA recognizes legal obligations associated with the future retirement of certain tangible long-lived assets (see Note 4). :TVA records estimates of such disposal costs at the time the legal obligation arises or costs are actually incurred.
Based on new.engineering studies performed annually in accordance with NRC requirements, revisions to the -
amount and timing of certain cash flow estimates of nuclear asset retirement obligations: may be made.',See Note 4..
Nuclear.Decommissioning
,0 At September 30, 2006, the present value of the estimated future nuclear'decommissioning cost of $1.5 billion was included in ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS,.and the unamortized regulatory asset of $474 million was included in OTHER REGULATORYASSETS. Under the NRC's regulations, the present value of the estimated future nuclear decommissioning cost was,$670 million. Thisfdecommissioning'costestimate is based~on NRC's requirements for removing, a plant from service, releasing the property for unrestricted use, and terminating the,
operating license. The actual decommissioning costs may vary from the derived estimates because of changes in current assumptions, such as the assumed'dates of.decommissioning, changes in regulatory requirements, changes in technology, and changes in the cost of labor, materials, and equipment"'.,Utilities:that own and operate nuclear plants are required to use different procedures in estimating nuclear decommissioning costs under SFAS No. 143 than those that are used in estimating nuclear decommissioning costs that:are reported to the NRC. Accordingly,)the two sets of procedures produce different estimates forthe costs of decommissioning.
TVA maintains a nuclear decommissioning trust to provide money.for theultimate-decommissioning of its nuclear power-plants.. The trust's funds are: invested,in securities generally designed to achieve a return in line with overall equity market performance: The assets, of thefund are invested in debt and equity securities and certain derivative instruments. 1The derivative instruments are used across various asset classes to-achieve a desired investment structure. The balance in.the trust as of September 30, 2006, is greater than the present value of the estimated future nuclear decommissioning costs.,.
On May 3, 2006, the NRC approved TVAs application for license extension at each ot'TVA's three' Browns Ferry units. The license extension has the effect of improving the funded status ofTVA's nuclear decommissioning trust versus the present value of the estimated decommissioning costs by (1) extending the decommissioning dates of the three Browns Ferry units and thereby pushing the decommissioning liability for these units further into the future and (2) extending the investment horizon for the assets in the trust.
The-following key assumptions can have a, significant effect.6n estimates related to the nuclear decommissioning costs:
Timing - In projecting decommissioning costs, two assumptions must be'm'adetb estimate the timing of plant decommissioning. Filrst, the date of the plant's retirement must be estimated. At a miiplel Unit site, the expiration of the unit with the latest to expire operating license is typically used for this purpose, or an assumption could be made that the plant will be relicensed and operat6 for some time beyond the original license term. Second, an assumption must be made whether decommissioning will begin immediately upon plant retirement, or whether the plant will be held in'SAFSTOR status -
a status authorized by applicable regulations Which allows for a huclear facility to be maintained and monitored in a condition that allows the radioactivity to decay, after which the'facility is decommissioned.
Afterwards, it is dismantled. While the impact of these assuflnptiohs cannot be'determined with precision, assuming either~iicense extension oir 'use of SAFSTOR status can significantly d*crease the present value of these obligations.
Technology and Regulation - Because of the age of the nuclear plants in the United States, there is limited experience with actual decommissioning of large nuclear facilities. Changes in technology and experience as well as changes in regulations regarding nuclear decommissioning could cause cost Page.58ofl141l
estimates to change significantly. The impact of these potential changes is not presently determinable.
TVA's cost studies assume current technology and regulations.
Discount Rate - TVA's decommissioning fund uses a blended rate of 5.65 percent to calculate the present value of the weighted estimated cash flows required to satisfy TVA's decommissioning obligation.
Investment Rate of Return - TVA assumes that its decormmissioning fund will achieve.a rate of return that is five percent greater than the rate of inflation.
Cost Escalation Factors - TVA's decommissioning estimates include an assumption that decommissioning costs will escalate over present cost levels by 4 percent annually.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits TVA sponsors a defined benefit pension plan with two structures, an average pay structure and a cash balance structure, which cover substantially all employees. Additionally, TVA provides postretirement health care benefits for substantially all employees who reach retirement age while still working for TVA. TVA's costs of providing these benefits are impacted by numerous factors including the provisions of the plans, changing employee demographics, and various actuarial calculations, assumptions, and accounting mechanisms. Because of the complexity of these calculations, the long-term nature of these obligations, and the importance of the assumptions utilized, the costs as reported represent critical accounting estimates for TVA.
Key actuarial assumptions utilized in determining these costs include:
Interest and discount rates used in determining the future benefit obligations; Projected health care cost trend rates; Expected long-term rate of-return on plan assets; and Rate of increase in future compensation levels.
TVA reviews these assumptions on an annualbasis and adjusts them as necessary. The failing interest rate environment and poor performance of the financial equity markets in recent years have impacted TVA's funding and reported costs for these benefits. In addition, these trends have caused TVA to make a number of adjustments to its assumptions.
In selecting an assumed discount rate, TVA reviews market yields on high-quality corporate debt and long-term obligations of the U.S. Treasury. Such reviews are made as of the end of the year for use. in the development of a bond portfolio designed to meet the maturing obligations of the TVAplan. The instruments selected have, outstanding maturity~values of at least $25 million or more, are rated Aa or higher, and are non-callable. The, resulting portfolio rate of 6.05 percent was util.ized along with the end-of-year Moody's Aa Corporate Bond Index of 5.74 percent to establish an upper and lower limit for consideration by TVA in the selection of its discount rate. TVA selected a discount rate that approximated the midpoint of the determined range which resulted in a discount rate of 5.90 percent for 2006.
-In determining its expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, TVA reviews past long-term performance, asset allocations, and long-term inflation assumptions. TVA decreased its expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets from 8.50 percent at the end of 2003 to 8.25 percent at the end of both 2004 and 2005 but increased the rate to 8.75 percent for the year ended 2006 to better reflect anticipated future plan asset performance. JTVA utilized a rate of return of 8.00 percentduring 2003 in.the aftermath of the market declines of
.2002 and 2001.
The TVA Retirement System, a separate legal entity governed by its own board of directors;, administers TVA-sponsored retirement plans. The TVA Retirement System targets an asset allocation for its pension plan assets of approximately 60 percent equity securities and 40 percent fixed income securities. Pursuant t0.itsallocation policy, the asset allocations are to be comprised of approximately 45 percent U.S. equities, of which five percent may be private equity or other similar alternative investments; 40 percent fixed income, of which ten percent may be high
-yield securities; and 15 percent non-U.S. equities. The TVA Retirement System's policy includes a permissible three percent deviation from these target allocations. The TVA Retirement System Board can take action, as appropriate,.
to rebalance the system's assets consistent with the asset allocation policy. See Note.12.
TVA reviews actual recent cost trends and projected future trends in establishing health care cost trend rates. Based on this review process, TVA did not reset its health care cost trend rate assumption used in calculating the 2006 accumulated postretirement benefit obligations. The assumed health care trend rate was 8.5 percent at the Page 59 of 141
end.of 2006 which represents a 50 basis point reduction from the 9.0 percent trend-rate used during 2005. TVA reset its health care cost trend rate at the end of each. of the. last four years prior to 2006. The health care cost trend rate of 8.5 percent is assumed to gradually decrease each successive year until it reaches a five percent annual increase in health care costs in the year beginning October 1, 2013, and beyond.
TVA does not presently set aside assets dedicated solely to fund its postretirement medical benefits.
Insfead, TVA pays the costs of its postretirement benefit plan through premiums collected from participating retirees and TVA contributions.
The following chart reflects the sensitivity of pension cost to changes in certain actuarial assumptions:
Impact on 2006 Change in Impact on 2007 Projected Benefit Actuarial Assumption Assumption Pension Cost Obligation (increase in millions)
Discount rate (0.25%)
$18
$248 Rate of return on plan assets
'(0.25%)
$16
.NA Rate of compensation 0.25%
$12
$67 The following chart reflects the sensitivity of postrdtirement benefit cost to'changes in ceftain a'ctuarial' assumptions:
Impact on 2006 Impact on 2007 Projected,
Change in Postretirement Postretirement Actuarial Assumption Assumption Benefit Cost Benefit Obligation (Increase in millions)
Discount rate (0.25%)
$1
$14 Health care cost trend 0.25%
$1
$15 Each fluctuation above assumes that the other components of the calculation are held constant.
Accounting Mbchanisms. In accordance with SFAS No. 87, "Etnplbyers' Accounting for Pensions," TVA utilizes a number of accouhting mechanisms that reduce the volatility of reported pension costs. Differences between actuarial assumptions and actual plan results are deferred and are amortized into cost only when the ac~umuiated differences exceed ten'percent of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets. If necessary, the excess is amortized over the average remaining service period of active employees.
Additionally, 'TVA smoothes" the impact of asset performance'bn pension expense overa three-year phase-in period through a "market-related" value of assets calculation. Since the market-related value of assetsrecognizes investment gains and losses over a three year period, the future value of assets will be impacted as previously deferred gainIs or losses are recognizdd. As a result, the losses that thepension plan assets experienced in 2002 and 2001 may have an adverse impact on. pensidn cost in future years depending on whethef the actuarial Idsses at each measurement date exceed the ten percent corridor in accordance with SFAS Nb.:87.
Costs and Funding. 'In 2006;',TVA's total pension cost was $244 million: TVA expects 2007 pensidricost to decrease to $159 million due in part to an increase in the discount rate from 5.38 percent to 5.90 perce'nt. The impact of the higher discount rate was further enhanced by the recognition of certain actuarial gains.. Pension funding amounted to $75 million.
Dud-to negative pension plan asset returns from 2002 and 2001, TVA's accumulated benefit obligation*at September 30, 2006 dnd 2005 exceeded plan assets.' As a result, TVA was required to recognize an additional minimum pension liability as prescribed in SFAS No. 87. The charge to establish the minimum. liability and the subsequent increases and-decreases thereto were entered toOTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, again in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 87. However, TVA reclassified all such'minimum pension liability changes to a regulatory asset in accordance with SFAS. No. 71. The regulatory treatmrent of the original changes wvas"deeihed necessary from the perspective that it would be improper to presume a level of future earnings on pension-assets sufficient to fullyý recover, within a period of one year; all such costs included in OTHIER COMPREHENSIVE IN.
COME.
Paje 60 of 141
Total postretirement health care costs for TVA in 2006.were $58 million. The set of assumptions used for the end-of-year actuarial valuation pro.cess had no effect on postretirement benefit costs for 2006, 2005, or 2004 but, when coupled with further. experience adjustments related to claims and contributions, will decrease postretirement benefits expense for 2007,by approximately $16 million compared to.2006. TVA expects.2007 postretirement health care cost to approximate $42 million, which represents a decrease of $16 million over 2006 costs, excluding special termination benefits.
In 20.06, Medicare began providing prescription drug coverage to Medicare-eligible beneficiaries under Medicare Part D.
- Under the 'Medicare Prescription Drug,. Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003," employers that provide retiree prescription drug coverage, which is "actuarially equivalent" to standard coverage under Medicare.
Part D, may receive retiree drug subsidies for retirees who enroll in the employer's retiree prescription drug plan instead of Medicare Part D. TVA determined that its retiree prescription drug coverage did not qualify for, retiree drug subsidy. As a result, through its prescription benefit manager, TVA implemented for 2006 an employer-sponsored prescription drug plan ("PDP"). By providing an employer-sponsored PDP, TVA's prescription benefit manager receives-subsidies from Medicare which are passed through -to retirees in the form of lower premiums: (See further description in Note 12 -
Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003).i.-
New Accounting Standards and Interpretations Variable Interest Entities
.- In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") published FASB Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities," which wasirevised byFASBInterpretation No. 46R.('46R") in December 2003. FIN 46R establishes consolidation criteria for entities for which -'-control" is not easily discernable. under
.ý.ccounting Research Bulletin ("ARB") 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements," which is based on the premise that holders of the equity of anentity control the entity by virtue of voting rights. FIN 46R provides guidance.for identifying the party with a controlling financial interest resulting fromarrangements or financial interests rather than from voting interests: FIN 46R defines the term "variable interest entity" ("VIE") and is based on.the premise that if a business-enterprise absorbs-a majority ofthe viE s expected losses and/or receives a majority of its, expected residual returns (m~easures,of risk-,and reward), that enterprise (the-primary beneficiary) is deemed to have a controlling financial.
interest in the VIE. An enterprise that bears the majority of the economic risk is considered to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE, even if it has no decision making (voting) authority or equity interest. TVA adopted FIN 46 and FIN 46R effective October 1, 2005, for VIEs created before December 31,.2003, and immediately for VIEs created after December 31, 2003.
In February 1.997, TVA entered into a purchase power. agreement with. Choctaw Generation, Inc.
(subsequently assigned to Choctaw.Generation Limited Partnership) to purchase all the power generated from its:
facility located in Choctaw County, Mississippi. 'The facility had, a committed capacity of 440.megawatts and theterm of the agreement was 30 years. Under the accounting guidance provided by FIN 46R, TVA may be deemed to be the primary, beneficiary under the contract;-however, TVA does not have. access to the financial records of Choctaw..
Gerneration Limited Partnership. As a result, TVA was unable to determine whether FIN 46R would require TVA-to consolidate.Choctaw Generation Limited Partnerships' balance sheet, results of operations, and cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2006. Power purchases for 2006 under the agreement amounted to $121 million, and the remaining financial commitmentunder this agreement is $4.1 billion. TVA has no additional financial commitments beyon~d the purchase power agreement with, respect to the facility.
c 0n April 13, 2006, the FASB issued FASB Staff.P.osition FIN 46R-6, "Determining the 'Variability to Be Considered-in Applying FASB Interpretation No. 46R," which addresses how a reporting enterprise should determine the varia bility to be considered in applying FASB Interpretation No. 46. FIN 46R-6 is to be applied prospectively to all
.*entities.with which that enterprise first becomes involved and to all entities previously required to be analyzed under FIN 46R, when. a reconsideration event has occurred pursuant to paragraph seven of FIN 46R beginning the firstday of the first reporting period after June 15, 2006. TVA began applying this guidance with the reporting period ending September 30, 2006. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations In March 2005, the FASB.issue.d FIN No. 47, "Accounting, for ConditionalAsset Retirement Obligations-an interpretation of FASB Statement No.. 143." This interpretation clarifies that the term. conditional asset retirement obligation ("conditional ARO") as used in SFAS No..143,,."Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,".refers to a legal obligation to.perform an asset retirement activity inwhich the timing and,(or) method of settlement are conditional on a future event that mayor may not be within the control of the entity. The obligation to perform the Page 61 of 141
asset retirement activity isunconditional even though uncertainty exists about the timing and (or) method of settlement. Thus, the timing and (or) method of settlement may be conditional on a future event. Accordingly', an entity is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional ARO if the fair value of the liability can be reasonably estimated 'The:fair value of a liability for the conditional ARO should be.recognized when incurred. 'This interpretation also clarifies when an ehtity would have sufficient information to reasonably estimate the fair value of an ARO. On September 30, 2006, TVA began applying FIN 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations," which resulted in the recognition of additional ARO liabilities for asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls abatement costs. The effect of the adoption of FIN No. 47 during 2006 included a cumulative effect charge to income of $1.09 million; a recognition of a corresponding additional long-term liability of $132 million, a recognition of an increase in assets of-$43 million, and-related accumulated depreciation of $20 million.
" Accounting Changes and Error Corrections In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Coiirections -
a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3," Which replaces Accounting Principles Board
("APB") Opinion No. 20, "Accounting Changes," and FASB Statement No. 3,."Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements." This statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principles and also applies to changes required by an accounting pronouncement in the unusual instance-that the pronouncement does not include specific transition provisions. This statement requires, unless impracticable, retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements of changes in accounting principles. If it is impracticable to determine the period-specific effects of an accounting change on one or more individual prior periods presented, this statement requires that the new accounting principle be applied to the balances of assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the earliest period for which retrospective application is' practicable and that a corresponding adjustment be made to the opening balance of retained earnings for that period rather than being reported in an income statement. When it is impracticable to determine the cumulative effect of applying a change in accounting princiole to. all prior periods; this statement requires that the new accounting principle be applied as if it were adopted prospectively from the earliest date practicable. This statement also requires that a change in depreciation, amortization, or depletion method for long-lived, nonfinancial assets be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate effected by a change in accounting principle. The statement will become effective for TVA beginning in 2007*with early adoption permitted for accounting changes'and corrections of errors madein fiscal years beginning after May 2005, the date the statement was issued.
Accounting for Inventory Transactions' At its September 28, 2005, meeting, the FASB reached consensus on Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF")
Issue No. 04-13, ".Accounting for Purchases and Sales of Inventory with the'Same Counterparty." In certain situations,' a company may enter into a nonmonetary transaction t6 sell' inventory to another company in the same line of business from'which it also purchases inventory. Questions have arisen regarding how the guidance in APB Opinion N0. 29, "Acbounting for Nonmoneta'y Transactions," should be applied in these situations>'.The'bonsensus reached states that inventory purchase and sales transactions with the same counterparty that are entered into' ih' contemplation of one another should be combined for purposes of applying APB' Opinion 29.: The' EITF also agre6d that the issuance of invoices and the exchange of offsetting cash payments is not a factor in determining'wh~ther two or more inventory transactions.with the'same counterparty should be considered as a'single nonmonetaryinventory transaction within the scope of Opinion 29. The Task Force also reached a consensus that a nonmonetary exchange within the sarne line of business involving the transfer of raw materials in exchange foir the receipt of raw materials should not be recognized at fair value. This EITF should be applied to transactions completed in reporting periods beginning after March 15, 2006, whether pursuant to arrangements that were in place-at the date of initial application of the consensus or arrangements executed subsequent to that date. The carrying amount of the inventorythat was acquired under these types of arrangements prior to the initial application of the'consensus, and that still remains in an entity's statement of-financial position at the date of initial application of the consensus, should not be adjusted for this consensus,. TVA adopted EITF Issue No. 04-13 beginning in the second quarter of 2006. The adoption ofthiis' guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
Put 'and Call Options In September 2005, the Derivatives Implementation Group ("DIG") of the FASB discussed several issues related to the settlement of a debtor's obligation on the exercise of a call or put option and the exercise only by the debtor of the right to accelerate settlement of a debt with an embedded call option. DIG Implementation Issue No.
B38, "Embedded Derivatives: Evaluation of Net Settlement with Respect to the Settlement of a Debt Instrument' through Exercise of an Embedded Put Option or Call Option," addresses whether the settlement* of a debtor's obligation on exercise of a call or put option meets the net settlement criterion in paragraph 9(a) of SFAS No. 133, as amended. DIG Implementation Issue No. B39, "Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph :13(b) to Call Page 62 of 141
Options That Are. Exercisable Only by the Debtor," addresses whether or not Paragraph 13(b) of.SFAS No. 133, as amended, applies to a call'option embedded with a.debt host if the right to accelerate settlement of the debt can be exercised only by the debtor. The effective date of the implementation guidance in these issues was the first day of the first fiscal quarter beginning after December 15, 2005. The issue became effective for TVA beginning in the second quarter of 2006. The adoption.of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
-Accounting for Rental Costs On October 6, 2005, the FASB issued FSP FAS 13-1, "Accounting for Rental Costs Incurred during a Construction Period." The FASB concludes in this FSP that rental costs associated with ground or building operating leases that are incurred during a construction period should be expensed. FASB Technical Bulletin ("FTB") No. 88-1, "Issues Relating to.Accounting for Leases," requires that rental costs associated with operating.leases be allocated on a straight-line basis in accordancewith FASB Statement No. 13, "Accounting for Leases," and FTB 85-3,
- "Accounting.for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases," starting with the beginning of the lease-term. The FASB believes there is no distinction between the right to use a leased asset during the construction period and the right to use that asset after the construction period. TVA began applying this guidance beginning with the quarterly reporting period ended March 31, 2006.. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
!mpairment.of.Investments
-, On November 3, 2005, the FASB.released FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1,"The Meaning of Other-Than-.
TemporaryjImpairment and Its Application to Certain Investments." This FSP addresses the'determination as to'.
when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary, :and' the measurement of an impairment loss. The FSP also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an "other-than-temporary" impairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as "other-than-temporary" impairments. TVA began applying this guidance beginning with.the quarterly reporting period ending March 31, 2006.The adoption of this guidance did not have a materiali'mpact on TVA's-results of operations'or financial condition..
Fair Value Measurements "..'
In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 157; "Fair Value Measurements." This standard provides guidance for using fair value to-measure assets and liabilities. The standard also responds to investors! requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies measure assets and, liabilities at fair value,, the information used to measure, fair value;.and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. Statement 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit).assets or liabilities to be. measured at fair value but.does not expand.the use of fair value in any new. circumstances. SFAS No. 157. establishes a fair-value hierarchy.that prioritizes the, "
information used to-develop measurement assumptions., The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective forfinancial statements issued for fiscal years'beginning after November 15,,2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
Earlier application is encouraged,-provided that the reporting, entity has not yet.issued financial statements for that fiscal year, including any financial statements for an interim period within that fiscal year. At.this time, TVA continues the process of evaluating the requirements of this statement and does not yet know the impact of its implementation,
..which may or may not be material to TVA's results of operations or financial position. '
Accounting for.Defined Benefit: Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.
On September 29,.2006, the-FASB issued SFAS No. 158, '!Employers'Accounting.for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans -. an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)." This standard.will require employers to fully recognize the obligations associated with single-employer defined benefit pension, retiree healthcare and other postretirement plans in their financial statements. The standard will make it easier for investoes;-,employees,: retireesand others to understand and assess-an employer's financial position and its ability to fulfill the obligations Under its benefit plans. Specifically, the new standard requires an employer to:
recognize in its statement of financial position an asset for a plan's overfunded status or a liability for a plan's underfunded status; measure a plan's assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer's fiscal year (with limited exceptions); and recognize changes in the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan in the year in which the changes occur. Those changes will be reported in comprehensive income
" of a business entity and in changes in net assets of a not-for-profit organization.
The requirement to recognize the funded status of a benefit plan and the disclosure requirements are effective for TVA as of the end of the fiscal year ending after June 15, 2007. The requirement to measure plan assets Page 63 of 141
and benefit obligations as of the date of the employer's fiscal year-end statement of financial po6sition is effective* for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008: TVA-plans-to apply.the new standard for its 2007 year-end financial.
statements and recognize on its 2007 Balance Sheets the funded status of its pension and other postretirement benefit-plans. However, had TVA been required to adopt the standard as of~its last actuarial'valuation date :
-,(September 30, 2006), TVA would have recorded the followingarriounts on its.Balance'Sheet for the year.then ended: a regulatory asset of $795 million, additional pension and postretirement obligations of $368 million and $152 million, respectively, and the reclassification to the regulatory asset of an intangible asset with a balance of $275 million representing unamortized prior service cost. The net effect of recognizing such'amourits would have been to increase total assets and liabilities by $520 million at that date.
Accounting for Misstatements
_W.
On September 13, 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin-No.
108, "Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year:Financial Statements." This bulletin provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the~carryover or reversal. of prior year
-misstatements should be, considered in quantifying a current year misstatement: Application of the' guidance is effective for TVA beginning with -the first interim period of fiscal year 2007.
Legislative and Regulatory Matters.
In July 2005, Senator Jim Bunning (R-KY) and Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) introduced S.1499, a bill that would effectively remove any area within Kentucky from coverage by the anti-cherrypicking provision. See Item 1, Business -
Competition for further discussion of the'anti-cherrypickingprovision.' If the bill Were to become law, FERC could require TVA to Wheel-power from a supplier other than TVA for use.inside that portion of TVA's service area that is within Kentucky. The bill was-referred to and remains in the Senate Energy and Natural Resources
'Committee.-
In June 2005, the Office-of Management and Budget ("OMB") transmitted draft legislation to'Congress that would expand the type.of evidences of indebtedness that count toward TVAts $30,billion, debt ceiling.. Under-this legislation, long-term obligations that finance capital assets would count toward the debt ceiling; including lease--,:
leaseback arrangements and power prepayment agreements with original terms exceeding one year. This legislation, which would be effective for transactions into which TVA entered after December 31, 1999; has not yet been introduced in Congress.
- Congressman Whitfield has introduced H;R. 6087 directing the U.S: Army Corps of Engineers to extend summer pool levels oh Lake Barkley through Labor Day for a two-year trialperiod startingin-July 2007: After the trial
'period, the Corps'is required to reportfindings toCongress with'a, recommendation on whether to extend the summer pool, levels permanently. The bill has been referred to'the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, but this referral 'does not-preclude it from being attached to some otherpiece of legislation that is adopted before.
'Congress adjourns for 2006. The bill;lf enacted, could potentially impact operation'of TVA's KentuckyReservoir and Lake Barkley, which are connected by an unregulated canal. In particular,1the bill could have environmerntal effects, adverse impacts to hydroelectric power production', and adverse downstream effects on-flood control and commercial navigation on the lower.Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.
For a discussion of environmental legislation and regulation, see Iteml, 'Business -
Environmental Matters.
TVA can control neither what legislation becornes-law~nor what regulationsare promulgated. Even legislation or regulations of which TVA has been made aware may be changed in ways which are difficult to predict or which have unforeseen' consequences..TVA cannot therefore predict with certainty or with any accuracy-whether the initiatives discussed above will become lawin the future and in what form,'and what their impact w6dld..be on TVA:
Moreover, given the nature of the legislative process, it is possible that new legislationor a change to existing V,
legislation that has a profound, detrimental impact on TVA's activities could become-law with' little or no advance
. notice. As a federal entity, the-very nature of TVA can be changed by legislation..- For a discussi6n, of the potential impact of legislation*,and regulation on TVA,.see Item 1A, Risk Factors..
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Environmental Matters As is the case across the utility industry and in other industrial sectors; TVA's activities are subject to certain federal, state, and local environmental statutes and regulations. Major areas of regulation affecting TVA's activities include air quality control, water quality control, and management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes.
TVA has incurred and continues to incur substantial capital and operating and maintenance costs in order to comply with evolving environmental requirements. Many of these costs are associated with the operation of TVA's 59 coal-fired generating units. While it is not possible to predict with any precision:how these evolving requirements will
- impact the operation of existing andmnew coal-fired andother fossil-fuel generating units, it is virtually certain that environmental requirements placed on the operation of these generating units will continue to become more restrictive. Litigation over emissions from coal-fired generating units is also occurring, including litigation against TVA. See. Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
Several existing~regulatory programs have been and are being made more stringent in their application to fossil-fuel units, and additional regulatory programs affecting-fossil-fuel -units were promulgated in 2005, including the
- Clean Air Interstate Rule ("CAIR"), which requires significantutility reductions of emissions of sulfur dioxide ("SO 2")
and nitrogen oxides ("NOx") in the eastern half of the United States (including in.all of TVA's operating area), and the Clean Air Mercury Rule ("CAMR"). TVA had previously estimated its total capital cost for reducing emissions from its power plants from 1977.through 2010 to reach $5.8 billion, $4.6 billion of whichzhad already been spent as' of September 30, 2006. TVA estimates that compliance with CAIR and CAMR could lead. to additional costs of $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion in the next decade if TVA-should continue to operate all of its present coal plants. As discussed in more detail below, there could be additional material costs if reductions of carbon dioxide ("CO 2") are mandated, or if future legislative, regulatory, or judicial actions lead to more stringent emission reduction requirements, but these costs cannot reasonably be predicted at this time. TVA will continue to monitor those developments and will assess any potential financial impacts as information becomes available.
Clean Air, Developments.'.
Air quality in the United States has significantly improved since the enactment of the-modern Clean Air Act
("CAA") in 1970. These air. quality improvements are expected to continue as theCAA continues to be implemented
- and through the evolution of programs as a result of legislative and regulatory changes. Three.substances emitted fromcoal-fired units have been the focus of emission reduction regulatory programs: SO2, NOx, and particulates.
Expenditures related to clean air projects during 2006 and 2005 were approximately $182 million and $202 million, respectively. These figures. include expenditures in 2006 of $6 million to continue to reduce NOx emissions through the installation of selective catalytic reduction ("SCR") systems, and of $146 million for the installation of flue gas desulphurization systems ("scrubbers") to continue to reduce SO 2 emissions, each of which are explained in more detail below. The aforementioned estimates do not include additional capital costs of $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion that TVA expects to incur over the next decade to comply with CAIR and CAMR. Increasingly stringent regulation of some or all of these substances, and possibly carbon dioxide, will continue to result in significant capital and operating costs for coal-fired generating units,*including those operated by TVA.
Sulfur Dioxide Coal-fired utilities have historically emitted large amounts of SO 2. Utility SO 2 emissions are currently regulated -under the Federal Acid Rain Program and state programs designed to meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2 and fine particulate matter. Looking forward, additional regulation of S0 2.emissions from some units will result from implementation of the Regional Haze Program and for more units as a result of theCAIR.
In May 2005, EPA finalized CAIR to reduce-the interstate transport of fine particulate matter and ozone by requiring.
large reductions-in utility emissions of NOx and SO2 from 28 eastern states. CAIR is,'currently.ineffect in all of these states as a federal rule. States in TVA's service area are submitting plans to EPA to implement CAIR as state rules and have only proposed a few minor modifications to the federal model rule which establishes an emission allowance driven.program, capping regional emissions of SO 2 and NOx among the targeted states. SO 2 caps are reduced in two phases, 2010 and 2015....
Since 1977, TVA-has reduced its SO 2 emissions by approximately 80 percent by switching to-lower-sulfur coals, re-powering a unit at its Shawnee Fossil Plant with the advanced AtmosphericFluidized Bed Combustion
("AFBC") technology, and-installing scrubbers on six of-its larger units. A seventh scrubber at unit 3 of the Paradise Fossil Plant has been constructed and is going through shakedown testing prior tobeing placed in operation., TVA broke ground in 2005 on its eighth scrubber at its Bull Run Fossil Plant and in 2006 broke ground on two more scrubbers at its Kingston Fossil Plant as part of its previously announced plans to achieve a total SO 2 emission' reduction of 80 to 85 percent compared to the 1977 level. Additionally, TVA has switched, or plans to switch, to lower Page 65 of 141
sulfur coal on several additional units in the next few years. These near-term plans are unlikely~to change. It is likely that additional emission reduction measures will have to be undertaken after these planned actions are completed to achieve compliance with CAIR and possible future tightening of applicable requirements.
Nitrogen Oxides.
Utility NOxcemissions,are extensively regulated and will be regulated further under state programs to achieve and maintain EPA's national ambient air'quality standard for ozone, the acid rain control program,.the regional haze program (depending on when units, commenced operationsand their effects on sensitive areas), and CAIR, as discussed above. Since1995, TVA has reduced its NOx emissions during the summer (when ozone. levels increase) by 81 percent by-installing various controls including low-NOx burners and/or combustion controls on 58 of its coal-fired units. (The AFBC' unit at Shawnee is inherently low NOx emitting.) TVA has also installed SCR's on 21 of its largest units. In 2005, TVA installed Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction ("SNCR") systems on two units to demonstrate long term technology capability. TVA has continued operating these two new SNCR installations through the 2006 ozone season. SNCRs generally cost less to install than SCRs but have lower NOx removal capabilities. Early in 2006, TVA began testing a High Energy Reagent Technology ("HERT') on three units for potential future application. HERT is similar to SNCR, has lower capital costs than SCRs,'and appears to have lower NO, removal capabilitiesthan SCRs but higher removal capabilities than SNCRs. The initial HERT testing program was successful. As a result, in 2007, TVA will install this technology on two coal-fired units that were previously.
targeted for SNCRinstallations to demonstrate the HERT technology on a potentiailly.permanent basis. TVA's NOý emission reduction program is expected to continue to depend primarily on SCRs, but will also likely incorporate some mix of SNCRs and/or HERTs as TVA gains more experience with these technologies. 'These plans may change depending on the timing and severity of future regulatory developments potentially affecting power plant emissions. For example, EPA is currently reviewing the existing national ambient air quality standard for ozone and may make it more stringent.
In 2004, EPA issued final non-attainment designations under the current eight-hour ozone standard.
Several counties within the TVA region were designated as not in attainment with that standard. Some of these counties have entered into "Early Action Compacts" with EPA and have taken steps such as instituting vehicle emissions testing, lowering speed limits, and other activitiesto help reduce summer ozone levels. In exchange, these counties are exempted from some of the negative consequences of a "non-attainment" designation. The TVA' NOx emission reductions described above have been a contributor to improving summer ozone levels in those areas, especially in Tennessee. Current monitoring indicates that all counties are.making'progress toward meeting the lower standard and achieving an attainment designation. The NOx reduction, requirements of CAIR will continue to.
help states achieve EPA's ozone and fine particle standards., CAIR caps and reduces NOx emissions in two steps, 2009 and 2015.
Particulates/Opacity
.Coarse particulates (particulates of 10 micrometers or larger and especially.fly ash) have long been regulated by states to meet EPA's national ambient air quality standard for particulate matter. TVA's coal-fired units have been equipped with mechanical collectors, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, or baghouses, which have reduced particulate emissions from the TVA system by more than 99 percent compared to uncontrolled Units. In 1997, the EPA for the first time issued separate national ambient air quality standards for even smaller particles with a size of up to 2.5 micrometers ("fine particles"): InDecember 2004 and April 2005, EPA issued finaldeterminations regarding which areas of the country are not in attainment with the 1997 fine particles standard. Those. non-attainment areas include counties and parts of counties in the Knoxville and Chattanooga, Tennessee metropolitan areas. In September 2006, EPA revised the 1997 standards. The 2006 revisions tighten the 24-hour fine particle standard and retain the current annual fine particle standard. EPA also decided.to'retain the existing 24-hour standard for coarse particles, but revoked the related annual standard. A preliminary review of the current monitoring data indicates that no additional counties likely will be classified as non-attainment areas under the revised.2006 standards, although actual designations will be based on subsequent year's.monitoring data. CAIR is intended to help states attain the. fine particle stanrdards, and actions taken to reduce emissions under CAIR, including those planned by TVA, are expected to continue the reduction in fine particle levels.
Issues regarding utility compliance with state opacity requirements are also, increasing. Opacity measures the denseness (or color) of power plant plumes and has traditionally been used by states as a means ofmonitoring-good maintenance and operation of particulate control equipment. Under some conditions, retrofitting a unit with additional equipment to better control SO 2 and NOx emissions can adversely affect opacity performance,' and TVA and other utilities are now addressing this issue. There are also disputes with~special interest groups over the role of continuous opacity monitors in determiningcompliance with opacity limitations.
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.Mercury In December 2000, the EPA determined that it was appropriate and necessary to regulate mercury emissions from oil and coal-fired power plants as a hazardous air pollutant under the CAA. In March 2005, it reversed that earlier.decision, and instead issued CAMR. CAMR establishes caps for overall mercury emissions in-two phases, with the first phase becoming effective in 2010 and the second in 2018'... It allows the states to regulate mercury emissions through a market--based cap-and trade program. All of the states in which TVA operates potentially affected sources are expected to adopt CAMR without significant change. In response to a request for reconsideration, EPA confirmed its approach in May 2006. In June 2006, 16 states and several environmental groups filed law suits challenging CAMR. This lawsuit is currently pending. TVA cannot predict the outcome of the pending challenge of CAMR, or what effects any decision may have that would require the EPA to regulate mercury as a hazardous air pollutant. If the EPA's decisions are upheld and CAMR is implemented, TVA expects to achieve the required mercury reductions at least for Phase-I of CAMR as co-benefits of the installation of additional emission control technology in connection with the implementation of CAIR.
CAMR does, however, require the installation of new mercury emission monitoring equipment prior to January 1, 2009. TVA is planning to comply with this requirement by procuring, installing, and certifying approximately, 23 monitoring systems by calendar year 2008.
Carbon Dioxide
- The causes and importance of climate change observed over recent decades continue to.be widely debated. CO2 is a greenhouse gas and is believed by some to contribute to global warming. Legislation has been introduced in Congress to require reductions of CO 2 and, if enacted, could result insignificant additional costs for TVA and other coal-fired utilities. The current Administration has proposed a voluntary initiative that established a goal of reducing the greenhouse gas intensity of; the U.S. economy by 18-percent and has asked the electric utility sector and other industry sectors to support this initiative. TVA is supporting this effort in cooperation with electric.-
utility industry trade associations and the Department of Energy. In addition to.these activities, TVA is a member of the Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership and is working 'with the Electric Power-Research Institute and other electric utilities on projects investigating technologies for CO2 capture and geologic storage, as well as carbon sequestration via reforestation. The previous Administration also asked utilities to voluntarily participate in an effort~to reduce, sequester, or avoid greenhouse gases, Under that program,- TVA reduced, sequestered, or avoided more than 305 million tons of CO 2 from 1994 through 2005, as-reported under Section 1605b of the Energy Policy Act. TVA has also brought on line about 3,850 megawatts of non C0 2-emitting generation-since 1990, and is in the process of adding another 1,800 megawatts of non C0 2-emitting generation. TVA's clean air strategy, as it relates to investments on coal-fired generating facilities, allows for continued review of decisions for clean air and other capital investments as potential climate change legislation is developed.
In addition to legislative activity, climate change issues are the subject of several lawsuits including lawsuits against-TVA. See Item 3, Legal Proceedings. On November 29, 2006,'the United States*Supreme Court heard a,
case concerning whether EPA has the authority and duty to regulate CO 2 emissions under the Clean Air Act. The District of Columbia Circuit Courtof.Appeals earlier affirmed EPA's decision not to regulate CO 2. While the case,,
focuses on CO 2 emissions from the transportation industry; it-could set a precedent for regulation in other industrial sectors depending upon how the Supreme Court rules. -States are-also becoming more active on the climate change front. Several northeastern states have formed the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative which'is in the process of being implemented, and California recently passed a-bill capping greenhouse gas emissions in the state. Other states are considering a variety of actions. However, in the southeast, to TVA's knowledge, only North Carolina, where TVA does not operate any coal-fired generating facilities, is studying initiatives aimed at climate change under the provisions of the state's Clean Smokestacks Act of 2002. This act required the State Division of Air Quality to study potential control of CO2 emissions from coal-fired utility plants and other stationary sources. This effort has also prompted actions to develop a climate action plan for North Carolina.
Clean Water Developments In the second phase of a three-part rulemaking to minimize the adverse impacts from cooling water intake structures on fish and shellfish, as required under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act, EPA promulgated a final:
rule for existing power producing facilities that became effective on September 7, 2004. The new rule requires existing'facilities to-select among several different compliance options for reducing the number of organisms pinned against and/or drawn into the cooling systems. These include development~of a site-specific compliance option based on application of cost/cost or cost/benefit tests. The site specific tests are designed to-ensure that a facility's costs are not significantly greater than cost projections in the rule or the benefits derived. from taking mitigation actions. Actions taken to compensate for any impacts by restoring habitat, or pursuing other options such as building Page 67 of 141 -
hatcheries for fish/shellfish production, count toward compliance. Some northeastern states and environmental groups have challenged the new regulation, especially the compliance flexibility it offers, in federal court.
All of the intakes at TVA's existing coal-fired and nuclear generating facilities are subject to this rule.
Compliance assessments are underway for these facilities to determine what should be done to meet the new requirements. Some.capital and/or operating expenditures may have to be made to comply at some or all:facilities.
The assessments, however; are complicated by the uncertainty' created by pending legal action challenging EPA's rule.
As is the case across the utility industry and in other industrial sectors, TVA is facing more stringent requirements. related to protection of wetlands, reductions in storm water impacts from construction activities,- water quality degradation and criteria, and laboratory analytical methods. TVA is also following litigation related to the use of herbicides, water.transfers, and releases from dams. TVA has a good compliance record and. is not facing any substantive requirements related to non-compliance with existing Clean Water Act regulations. :
Hazardous Substances Liability for releases and cleanup of hazardous substances is regulated by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, among others, and similar state statutes. In a manner similar to many other industries and power systems, TVA has generated or used hazardous substances over the years. TVA operations at some TVA-owned facilities have resulted in releases of hazardous substances and/or oil which require cleanup and/or remediation. TVA also is aware of alleged hazardous-substance releases at 10 non-TVA areas for which it may have some liability. TVA has reached agreements with EPA to settle its liability at two of the non-TVA areas fora total of less than $0.1 million. There have been no recent assertions of TVA liability for six of the non-TVA areas, and (depending on the site) there is little or no known evidence that TVA contributed any significant quantity of hazardous substances to these six sites.-There is evidence that TVA sent materials to the' remaining two non-TVA areas. The information necessary to estimate the total cleanup costs, and most of the evidence that might be Used to estimate TVA's allocated share of such costs and evaluate the likely effectiveness of TVA's potential defenses either have not been developed and/or are under the control of parties other than TVA.
Consequently, TVA is unable at this-time to estimate its liability related to these sites.
As of September 30, 2006, TVA's estimated liability for environmental cleanup for those sites for which sufficient information is available-to develop a cost estimate (primarily the TVA sites) is approximately $23 million and is included in OTHER LIABILITIES on the Balance Sheet.,
Coal-Combustion Wastes.
Coal combustion waste disposed in landfills and surface impoundmentscontinues to be regulated as non-hazardous. As part of this 2000 regulatory determination, EPA committed to-developing stricter standards for the management of coal-combustion wastes;, EPA has also been petitioned to develop stringent regulations relative:to the disposal of coal combustion-waste.. EPA now is developing national solid waste management standards to address coal-combustion wastes disposed in unlined landfills and surface impoundments or placed in mihes. These standards are likely to include increased groundwater monitoring, more stringent-siting requirements, and closure of existing waste-management facilities not meeting--minimum standards. EPA is expected to issue these new management standards sometime in 2007 according to its.published Regulatory Agenda: TVA is monitoring these developmentsand will evaluate the potential impact of these-rules upon its operations as more information becomes available.
Legal Proceedings For a discussion of TVA's current legal proceedings and anticipated outcomes, see Item 3, Legal Proceedings.
Risk Management Activities Risk Governance
- The-Enterprise Risk Council ("ERC') was created in August 2005 to strengthen and formalize TVA's enterprise-wide risk management efforts. The ERC is responsible for the highest level of risk oversight at TVA and-is also responsible for communicating enterprise-wide risks with policy implications to the TVA Board or a designated TVA Board committee. The'ERC's current members are the President (chair), the Chief Financial Officer, the Page 68 of 141
Executive'Vice President and General Counsel, the Chief Risk Officer ("CRO"), and a designated representative from the Office of the Inspector General ("OIG") (advisory).
In addition to the ERC,: TVA has.established subordinate risk committees, Financial, Operational, and Strategic, to manage risks based on natural groupings. Each of the subordinate committees reports directly to the ERC. Membership in the subordinate committees includes senior management from organizations that manage the applicable risks, the CRO, and advisory representatives from the OIG and from the. Office ofthe General Counsel.
The ERC and the risk committees meet at least quarterly.
The ERC and, risk committees spent much of 2006 cataloging the major enterprise. level risks for TVA into three main categories: strategic risks, operational risks and financial risks. A discussion of significant risk factors under each of these categories'is presented in Item 1A, Risk Factors. In addition, a discussioh of derivative instruments that TVA uses to hedge certain of these risks is contained. in Note 8. It is TVA's policy to enter into derivative transactions solely for hedging purposes and not for speculative purposes.
Commodity Price Risk TVA is expos.ed.to commodity price risk:.for a variety of.commodities that-,are~criticalto TVA's 0perations;'
These commodities include electricity, coal, uranium, natural gas, fuel oil,.and emission allowances:. In October 2006, TVA implemented the FCA mechanism that will significantly limit TVA's exposure to fluctuations in the prices of these commodities. The FCA mechanism enables TVA to adjust its rates on~a quarterly basis forifuel and purchased power costs. Accordingly, with the implementation of the FCA mechanism, the commodityprice risks that:TVA faces are more timely shared by both TVA and its customers. See Note.8 for a discussion of activities that TVA uses to-hedge commodity price risk.
V.TVA measures price risk associatedwith the commodities that are critical to its operations using either a Value at Risk CVaR") methodology or sensitivity analysis. Following is an explanation of these methods along-with their calculated measures of TVA's commodity price risk.
Value at Risk TVA uses a VaR methodology to measure th.e amountof( price risk that exists within certain of its commodity portfolios. Price, risk is.quantified using what is referred to as the variance-covariance technique of~measuring.VaR, which provides a-consistent measure of risk across diverse energy marlkets and p.rpducts. This technique requires the.seleoction of a number of assumptions including a confidence level for losses, price volatility, market liquidity, and a specifiedholding period,. This methodology uses standard statistical techniques to predict market movements in.
light ofhistorical prices, volatilities, and risk correlations..
The VaR calculation gives TVA a dollar amount which reflects the maximum potential loss in the fair value of its portfolios due toadverse market movements over a ten-day period within a specified confidence level. TVA's VaR
.calculations are based~on a 95 percent confidence.level, which means that.there is a five percent probability that TVA's. portfolios will incur a loss in value in ten days.at least as large as the reported VaR. For example, if the VaR is calculated at $5 million, there is a 95 percent probability that if prices move against current positions, the reduction, in the value of the portfolio resulting from such 10-day price movements would be less than $5 million. There would also-be a.five percent probability that the reduction in-.the value of the portfolio resulting from such price movements would be greater than $5 million.
The following table illustrates the potential unfavorable price impact on TVA's e lectri.city, natural gas, SO 2 emission allowance, and NOR*emission allowance portfolios as measured, by the VaR model based on a ten-day,.
holding period and a.95 percent confidence level. The high and 1ow valuations represent the~highest and lowestVaR values during 2006,,and the averagecalcu.lation represents the average of the VaR values during 2006.
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Value at Risk September 30, 2006 Average High Low. '2"'
Electricity
.$45
_$75
$124
$19 NaturalGas 2
34
'26 61 3
SO 2 Emission Allowances 21 20 59 3
NO, Emission Allowances 4 1
- 5.
- 5 10 1-,1 Notes 1
TVA's VaR calculations for electricity are based on its orn-peak electriciity portfolio, which includes electn'city forwards and option contracts.
2 TVA's VaR calculations for natural gas are based on TVA's naturalgas portfolio, which includes natural gas forwards, futures, and options on futures contracts.
3 TVA's VaR calculations for SO2 emission allowances are t*ased on TVA's portfolio of SO 2 emission a.llowances.
4 TVA's VaR calculations for NO, emission allowances are based on TVA's portfoli6 of NO. emissions allowances.
VaR has several limitations as a measure of portfolio risk, including, but not limited to, its inability to adequately reflect (1) theriskof a portfolio with significant optionexposure: (2) the risk of extreme' price movements, and (3);the significant regulatory and legislative risks facing TVAWN Electridity. TVA enters into electricity forward contracts ih order to hedge its econbmic risks directly
"'ass*ciated with~nmeeting its power Supply obligations. During 2006, TVA supplied approximately 8.9 percent of system energy requirements with' power.purcfiased under electricity forward contiracts.
TVA's average electricity market risk exposure has increased annually since 2003. The increases have resulted p'rimarily from TVA's increased purchases of power to meet~growing demand and, to a lesger extent, from increased volatility ir'the electricity m-narkets.
As shown in the Value at Risk table above, at a 95 percent confidence level, the average VaR for TVA's electricity portfolio for 2006 for a 10-day holding period was $75 million.
Natural Gas. CTVA puirchases a Substantial'portion Of its physical natural gas requirements under long-term t.ransportationcontracts.with prices wvhich are primarily settled on the spot market. TVA used thelhatural gas to operate combustion turbinepeaking units and tosupply fuel under power purchasebagreements'inwhich TVA is the fuel sipplier. -TVA hedges a portion. of its natural gas needs by entering into futures contracts and options on futures contracts under a 'financial hiedging program. At September 30, 2006, TVA had derivativepositions odtstanding under the program equivalent to about 1,158 contracts, made up of 429 futu'res contracts and 729 swap future,'
contracts, with an approximate net market value of $40 million.
TVA has tracked natural gas Value at Risk exposure since 2001. The average natural gas.VaR decreased from'2001 through 2004, but increased in 2005 and 2006. The increase in 2005 and 2006 resulted primarily from an
'increase in TVA's natural gas needs because of.the increase in the volume'of electricity contracts that are indexed to nat ural gas.
As shown on the Value at-Risk table above, at a 95 percent confidenbe level, the average VaRfor TVA's natural gas portfolio for 2006 for a 10-day holding period was $26 million.
t
- Emission Allowances. TVA acqUires both SO2emission allowances and NOx emission allowances to help TVX-comply with the emission requirements of the CAA and its-implementing regulations: In addition to meetihg'
- T-VA's emissions'requirements, TVA.also uses the emissiOns market to attempt to optimiýelthe-value of its emission allowance portfolio'. As shown in the VaR table above, at a 95 percbnt confidence level, the aver'age VaR for 2006 for a 10-day holding period for TVA's S02 emission allowance portfolio and NOx emission allowance portfolio was $20 million and $5 million, respectively.
Fuel Oil. TVA purchases fuel oil as a substitute fuel source for TVA's combustion turbines. Thus, TVA's hedge against market risk for fuel oil is the use of natural gas and is captured in the natural gas VaR.
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Sensitivity Analysis TVA uses sensitivity analysis to measure the potential impact that selected hypothetical changes in certain commodity prices would have on.TVA over.a selected period of time. The selected hypothetical changes in commodity prices are intendedto-reflect reasonably possible near-term changes:
Coal. During 2006, TVA purchased 83 percent of its coal requirements under term coal contracts and.17 percent of its coal requirements in the spot coal market. If the rates that TVA paid for coal in the spot market during 2006 were 10 percent higher than the rates TVA actually paidTVA's coal expensewould have increased by $34 million in 2006.
Uranium. During 2006, TVA did not have to purchase any uranium on the spot market, and as of September 30, 2006, TVA had all of its uraniumrequirerments through 2011 either-in inventory or under contract., Accordingly, a hypothetical.10 percent change in uranium prices during 2007 would have-no material effect on TVA's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. See Item 1, Business -
Fuel Supply -
Nuclear Fuel. -,
Cash Flow atRisk Cash Flow at Risk ("CFaR") is a modeled portfolio risk metric that measures the amount of potential variability around forecasted cash flows that. could be caused by changes in market conditions, hydroelectric generationand availability, and load. Although the FCA will serve to limit the amount of cash flow variability to which TVA is exposed, TVA will continue to manage CFaR for the mutual benefit of TVA and its customers:
TVA forecasts CFaR using a computer model. The rolling 12 month forecast is' used to pinpoint months with greater amounts of.CFaR that need.to be hedged to limit price exposure. At September 30, 2006, TVA estimated its 2007 CFaR at $322 million based on a 90 percent confidence level.
Investment Price Risk TVA's investment price risk relates primarily to investments in TVA's nuclear decommissioning trust and pension fund.
-Nuclear Decommissioning Trust The nuclear decommissioning trust is generally designed to achieve a return in line with overall equity "
market performance. The assets of the trust are invested in debt and equity securities and certain derivative instruments including futures, options, and swaps, and through these investments the trust has exposure to U.S.
equities, international equities, real estate investment trusts, high-yield debt, U.S. Treasury-inflationprotected securities, commodities, and currencies. As of September 30, 2006, the value of the investments in the trust was
$937 million, and an immediate 10 percent decreasein the price of the investments in the trust would'have reduced the value of the trust by $94 million. See Item 7, Management's Discussion a*nd Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of. OPerations-- Critical Accounting Polidies and Estimates -
NuclearDecommissioningfor more' information regarding TVA's nuclear decommissioning trust.
Pension Fund The TVA Retirement System Board targets an asset allocation for its pension fund of approximately 60.
percent equity securities and 40 percent fixed income securities. The pension fund is invested in equity securities, debt securities, and derivative instruments such as futures, options, and swaps, and through these investments the fund has exposure,to U.S. equities, international equities,.real estate investment trusts, investment-grade debt, high-yield debt, U.S. Treasury-inflation protected securities, commodities, and currencies. As of September 30, 2006; the value of the investments in the pension fund was $7.3 billion, and an immediate 1.0 percent decrease inthe value of the investments in the fund would have reduced the value of the fund by $730 million. See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates -
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits and Note 12 for additional information regarding TVA's pension fund.
Interest Rate Risk TVA's interest rate risk is related -primarily to its short-term investments, its Bonds, and TVA's swaption.
transactions and an interest rate swap related to one of TVA's s waption transactions.
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Short-Term Investments At September 30, 2006,.TVA had $536 million of cash and cash equivalents, and :the average balance of.
cash and cash equivalents for 2006 was $541 million. :flthe rates of interest that TVA.received. on its short-term investments during 2006 were one percentage pointlower that the rates of interest that.TVA actually.received on ',
these investments, TVA would have received approximately $5 million less in interest from its short-term investments during 2006,. In addition, changes irinterest rates could affect the value.of TVA's investments in its pension fund and
--nuclear decommissioning fund. !See Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis;of'Financial Condition and',
Results of Operations -
Risk Management Activities-Investment Price Risk.
Debt Portfolio Short-Term Debt: At September 30, 2006, TVA's short-termborrowings were $2.4 billion,/and the current maturities of long-term debt were $1.0 billion., Based on TVAs. interest rate exposure at September 30,,2006; an immediate 1 percentage point increase in interest rates would have resulted in an. increase of $29..million in TVA's, short-term interest expense during 2007. This calculation assumes that the balance of short-term debt during 2007 equals the short-term debt balance at September 30, 2006, plus an amount representing the refinancing of current.
maturities of long-term debt.
Long-Term Debt. At.September 30, 2006,.the~interest'rates on all ofTVA's outstanding long-term debt were fixed. Accordingly; an immediate one percentage-point increase in interest rates would not have affectedTVA's-.
interest expense associated with its long-term debt. When TVA's long-term debt matures or is redeemed, however, TVA typically refinances this debt by issuing additional long-term debt. Accordingly, if interest rates are high when TVA issues this additional, long-term debt, TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial-condition may be
-adversely affected. This risk is somewhat mitigated by the fact that TVA's debt. portfoliolis diversified in terms of maturities and has a long average life. As of September 30, 2006, the average life of TVA's.debt portfolio Was 17 years. A schedule of TVA's debt maturities is contained in Note 9.
Swaption Agreements and Related Interest Rate Swap Changes in interest rates also affect the amount of gains and losses on the mark-to-market valuation of TVA's three swaption agreements and the related interest rate swap. Gains and losses on these transactions are recorded in earnings as UNREALIZED GAIN/Loss ON DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS, NET and are-non-cash in nature. Based on TVA's interest rate exposure at September 30, 2006, an immediate one percentage point decrease in interest rates would have created a non-cash chargeto earnings of $286 million during 2007 and a corresponding increase in OTHER LIABILITIES..
Currency Exchange Rate Risk S,,C
" t L
-S Asof September 30, 2006; TVA had three issues of Bonds outstanding whose principal-and interest
- payments are denominated in British pounds sterling..TVA issued these Bonds in amounts of £200 million, £250 million, and £150 million in 1999,,2001, and,2003,,respectively...When TVA issued.these&Bonds, it hedged its currency exchange rate risk by entering into currency swap agreements. Accordingly, as of September 30,.2006; a 10 percent change in the British pound sterling-U.S. dollar exchange rate would not have had a material impact on TVA's cash flows, results of operations, or financial position.
Inflation Risk As of,,September 30, 2006, TVA had outstanding $385 million of Bonds,whose principal amounts fluctuate
- based on the-rate of inflation. WhenTVA issued these Bonds, it hedged its inflation exposure by entering into an inflation swap agreement. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2006, a 10 percent change. in the rate of inflation would not have had a material impact on TVA's cash,flows, 'results of operations, or. financial position....
Credit Risk Credit risk is the exposure to economic loss that would occur as a result of a counterparty's nonperformance of its contractual obligations. Where exposed to credit risk, TVA analyzes the'counterparty's financial condition prior to entering into an agreement, establishes credit limits, monitors the appropriateness of those limits, as well as any changes in the creditworthiness of the counterparty on an ongoing basis, and employs credit mitigation measures, such as collateral or prepayment arrangements and.master purchase and~sale agreements, to-.mitigate credit risk.
Page 72 of 141
Credit of Customers
'-The majority of TVA's credit risk is limited to trade accounts receivable from delivered power sales to municipal:and cooperative distributor customers,,all located in the Tennessee Valley region. To a lesser extent, TVA is exposed to credit risk from industries and federal agencies directly served and from exchange power arrangements with a small number of investor-owned regional utilities related to either delivered power or the replacement of open positions of longer-term purchased power or fuel'agreements.
The table below summariZes TVA's customer credit risk from trades accounts receivable as'of September 30, 2006:
Customer Credit Risk As of September 30 Trade Accounts: Receivable 1 Mun.icipalities' and CooperatiKe Distributor Customers -
Investment Grade 845 I
"tnternally Rated -
Investment Grade.
433 Industries and Federal Agencies Directly Served Investment Grade 37 Non-investment Grade' (1).
Internally Rated Investment Grade 4
Internally Rated -
Non-investment Grade 10 Exchange Power Arrangements
- " "Investment Gride 4
C, 4.
- .Non-investmentGrade Internally RatedT-Investment Grade 1
Internally Rated-* Non-investment Grade
-I 1 -
Subtotal
.1.
-1,334 Other-Accounts Receivable r
Miscellaneous Accounts 35 Provision for Uncollectible Accounts (10)
Subtotal 25 Total
$1359 (1) Includes unbilled power receivables of $1,031 million.
TVA has concentrations of accounts receivabilefrom seen custbmers that represented 42-percent'of total accoundts receivable as of September 30,.2006.
Credit of Other Counterparties In addition to being exposed to economic loss on account of the nonperformance of TVA's customers, TVA is exposed to economic loss on account of the nonperformance of its other counterparties, including suppliers and counterparties to its derivative contracts.
Credit of Suppliers. If one of TVA's fuel or purchased power suppliers fails to perform under the terms of its contract with TVA, TVA might lose the money that it paid to the supplier under the contract and have to purchase replacement fuel or power on the spot market, perhaps at a significantly higher price than TVA was entitled to pay underthe contract. In addition, TVA might not be able to acquire replacement fuel or power in a timely manner and thus might be unable to satisfy its own obligations to deliver power. As of September 30, 2006, counterparties with which TVA had power purchase agreements for 3,008 megawatts of capacity were in bankruptcy. Each of these parties has continued to perform under its power purchase agreement with TVA throughout the bankruptcy proceedings, and all of these agreements are secured with either cash or letters of credit. Accordingly, TVA has not.
experienced any economic or cash losses as a result of the counterparties' bankruptcy proceedings.
Credit of-Derivative Counterparties. TVA has entered into derivative contracts for hedging purposes, and TVA's nuclear decommissioning trust and pension fund have entered into derivative contracts for investment purposes. If a counterparty to one of TVA's hedging transactions defaults, TVA might incur substantial costs in connection with entering into a replacement hedging transaction. If a counterparty to the derivative contracts into which the nuclear decommissioning trust and the pension fund have entered for investment purposes defaults, the value of the investment could decline significantly, or perhaps become worthless.
Page73of,141
,o
Credit of TVA A downgrade in TVA's credit rating could have material adverse effects on TVA's cash flows, results of operations, and financial condition as well as on investors in TVA securities. Among otherthings,ja downgrade could have, the following effects:
A downgrade would increase TVA's interest expense by increasing the interest rates that.TVA pays~on debt securities that it issues. An increase in TVA's interest expense would reduce the amount of cash available for other purposes, which could result inthe need to increase borrowings, to reduce other expenses or capital investments, or to increase electricity rates.
A significant downgrade could result in TVA's having to post collateral under certain physical and financial contracts that contain rating triggers.,
A downgrade below a contractual threshold would prevent TVA from borrowing under two credit facilities totaling $2.5 billion without the consent of the national bank that is thecounterparty to the credit facilities.
A downgrade could lower the price of TVA securities in the secondary market, thereby hurting investors who sell TVA securities after the downgrade and diminishing the attractiveness and marketability of.TVA Bonds.
For a discussion of factors that could lead to a downgrade in TVA's credit rating, see Item 1A, Risk Factors.
Management Changes On November 13, 2006, Chief Financial Officer and Executive VicePresident, Financial Services Michael E.
Rescoe announced that he was leaving TVA. John Hoskins, who has more than 28 years of experience in finance and accounting at TVA and most recently served as Senior Vice President and Treasurer, was appointed to serve as Interim Chief Financial'Officer, effective as of November 13, 2006. In addition, Tammy Wilson, who has more than 16 years of experience in finance and acdounting and most recently served as Senior Manager, Finance at TVA, was appointed as Interim Senior Vice President and Treasurer, also effective as of-November. 13, 2006.
Subsequent Events See Note 16.
ITEM 7A., QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are reported in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Risk Management Activities..
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY STATEMENTS OF INCOME For the years ended September 30 (in millions) 2006 2005 2004 Operai ng revenues Sal~s of electricity Municipalities and cooperatives
$7,880
$ 6,561
$ 6,457 Industries directly served 1,066
.962 842 Federal agencies and other 116 181 140 Other revenue 123 90 94 Total operating revenues 9,185 7,794 7,533 Operating expenses Fuel and purchased power 3,333 2,601 2,081 Operating and mainterance 2,372 2,359 2,319 Depreciation, amortization and accretion (Note 1 and Note 2) 1,492 1,154 1,115 Tax-equivalents 376 365 338 Loss on asset impairment/project cancellation 9
24 20 Total operating expenses 7,582 6,503
-5,873 Operating income 1,60"3 1,291 1,660 Other income..
67 56 44 Other expense (2)
(4)
(1)
Unrealized (loss)/gain on derivative contracts, net (15) 3 (7),
Interest expense Interest on debt 1,357 1,356, 1,385 Amortization of debt discount, issue, and reacquisition costs, net 21 21 24 Allowance for funds used during construction (163)
(116)
(,,)
_)
Net interest expense 1,215 1"261 1310 Income before cumulative effects of accounting changes 438 85 386 Cumulative effect of change in accounting for conditional asset retirement obligations (109 Net income 3
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 75-of141..,'
TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY BALANCE SHEETS At September 30 (in millidns)
ASSETS 2006 2005 Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Restricted cash and investments Accounts receivable, net Inventories and other Total current assets Property, plant, and equipment (Note 3)
Completed plant Less accumulated depreciation Net completed plant Construction in progress Nuclear fuel and capital leases Total property, plant, and equipment, net Investment funds 536 198 1,359 576 2,669 35,652 (15,3311 20,321 3,539 574 24,434 538 107 1,052
- 479, 2,176 35,215, (14,407) 20,808
.2,643 437 23,888 858 3:912
'2,367 6,279, 1,272 7,551 972 Regulatory and other lang-term assets Deferred nuclear generating units Other regulatory assets (Note 5)
Subtotal Other long-term assets Total deferred charges and other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND PROPRIETARY CAPITAL Current liabilities Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Collateral funds held Accrued interest Current portion of lease/leaseback obligations Current portion of energy prepayment obligations Short-term debt, net Current maturities of long-term debt (Note 9)
Total current liabilities Other liabilities Other liabilities Regulatory liabilities (Note 5)
Asset retirement obligations Leaselleaseback obligations Energy prepayment obligations Total other liabilities Long-term debt, net (Note 9)
Total liabilities 3,521 1.809 5,330 1,115 6,445 890 211 195 403 37 106 2,376 985 5,203 740 107
.380 35 106 2,469 2,693
.6,724 2,305 575 1,985 1,071 1,138 7,074 19,544 31 821 2,500 897 1,857 1,108 1,244 7,606 17,751 32,081 Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Proprietary capital Appropriation investment 4,763 Retained earnings 1,565 Accumulated other comprehensive income 43 Accumulated net expense of'ýtewardship programs "(3672)
Total proprietary capital 2,699 Total liabilities and proprietary capital
&-$14-52D The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
4,783 1,244 27
-13,662) 2,392 34 473
-Page 76 ofl41
TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the years ended-September 30 (in millions) 2006 2005 2004 Cash flows from operating activities Net income 329 85 386 Adjustments to reconcile net ificome to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation, amortization, and accretion 1,513 1,175 1,140 Refueling amortization 89 105 100 Amortization of deferred'nuclear refuelingcosts 128 131 132 Loss on project cancellations/asset impairment 9
24 20 Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 109 Net realized and unrealized mark-to-market and hedging transactions 15 (3) 7 Non-cash retirement benefit expense 302 289 207 Prepayment credits applied to revenue (105)
(105)
(96)
Other, net (7) 7 13, Changes in current assets and liabilities Accounts receivable, net (214)
(19) 50 Inventories and other (120)
(12) 10 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 125 (16)
(65)
Accrued interest 23 (22)
(5)
Proceeds from energy plrepayments 1,504 Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs (72)
(122)
(86)
Other, net (110)
(55)
(27)
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,014 1,462 3,290 Cash flows from investing activities Construction expenditures (1,399)
(1,339)
(1,552)
Proceeds from project cancellation settlement (Note 1) 15 Nuclear fuel expenditures (277)
(141)
(119)
Change in restricted cash and investments (91)
(107)
Short-term investments, net 335 (68)
Loans and other receivables Advances (17)
(12)
(17)
Repayments 13 18 22 Proceeds from sale of receivables/loans (Note 1) 11 56 Proceeds from settlement of litigation related to capital expenditures 35 Other, net (2.()
2 1
Net cash u.,sed in investing a6tivities (1,727)
(1,188)
(1,718)
Cash flows from financing activities Long-term debt Issues 1,132 1,650 772 Redemptions and repurchases (Note 10)
(1,241)
(2,368)
(2,251)
Short-term (redemptions)/borrowings, net (93) 546 (157)
Proceeds from call monetizations 5
Bond premium received 97 Proceeds from swap receivable monetization 55 Payments on lease/leaseback financing (28)
(29)
(32)
Payments on equipment financing (6)
(6)
(29)
Financing costs, net (14)
(17)
(3)
Payments to U.S. Treasury (38)
(36)
(38)
Other (1)
Net cash used in financing activities (289)
(255)
(1,586)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (2) 19 (14)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 538 519 533 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period L-536 See Note 10 for supplemental cash flow information.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 77 of 141
TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PROPRIETARY CAPITAL For the years ended September 30 (in millions)
- Accumulated Other Appropriation Retained Comprehensive Investment Earnings Income (Loss)
Accumulated Net Expense of Stewardship Programs Total Comprehensive Income Balance at September 30, 2003 Net income (loss)
Return on appropriated investment Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 7)
Return of appropriated investment Balance at September 30, 2004 Net income (loss)
Return on appropriated investment Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 7)
Return of appropriated investment Balance at September 30, 2005 Net income (loss)
Return on appropriated investment Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 7)
Return of appropriated investment
$ 4,823
$ 783 397 (18)
(74) 22
$(3,638)
$1,894 (11) 386 (18)
S, 22
-(20) 386 22 4,803 1,162 98 (16) 4,783 1,244 339 (18)
(52)
(3,649) 2,26S4 (1.61)**
85 (16) 79 79
-(20) 27 (3,662) 2,392 (10)
- 329 (18) 16 16<
(20) 1-472 S6g 408 85 79 164 329 16 S-34.5
$4763
$1565 Balance at September 30, 2006 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 78 of 141
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in millions except where noted)
- 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies General The Tennessee ValleyAuthority ("TVA") is a wholly-6wned corporate agency and instrumentality of the United States. TVA was'created by the U.S. Congress in 1933 by virtue of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended, 16 U.S.C. §§ 831-831ee (2000& Supp. IV 2004) (as amended, the "TVA Act"). TVA was created to improve navigation on the Tennessee River, reduce flood damage, provide agricultural and industrial development, and provide electric power to the Tennessee Valley region. TVA manages the Tennessee River and its tributaries for multiple river-system purposes, such as navigation; flooddamage reduction; power generation; environmental stewardship; shoreline use; and water supply for power plant operations, consumer use, recreation, industry, and other stewardship purposes.
Substantially all TVA revenues and assets are attributable to the power program. 'TVA's service area includes most of Tennessee, northern Alabama, northeastern Mississippi, and southwestern Kentucky, and in portions of northern Georgia, western. North Carolina, and southwestern Virginia to a population of approximately 8.7 million people. The power program has historically been separate and distinct from the stewardship programs. It is required to be self-supporting from power revenues and proceeds from power financings, such as proceeds from the issuance of Bonds. Although TVA does not currently receive congressional appropriations, it is required to make annual payments to the U.S. Treasury in repayment of, and as a return on, the government's Appropriation Investment in TVA power facilities. Until 2000, most of the funding for TVA's stewardship programs was provided by congressional app'ropriations. These program's a~re now funded largely with power revenues. Certain stewardship activities are also funded with various revenues'and user fees. 'These activities related to stewardship properties do not meet the criteria of an operating segment, pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No.
131, "Disclosures About Segments of anhEnterp,'ise and Related Information." Accordingly, these assets and properties are included as part of the power program, TVA's only operating segment.
Power rates are established by the TVA Board of Directors ("TVA Board") as authorized by the TVA Act.
The TVA Act requires TVA to charge rates for power that will produce gross revenues sufficient to provide funds for operation, maintenance, and administration of its power system; payments to states and counties in lieu of taxes; debt service on outstanding indebtedness,'6and payments to the U.S. Treasury in repaymentof and as a return on the Appropriation Investment in TVA's' power facilities; and such additional margin as the TVA Board may consider desirable for investrrient in powe&r system assets,. retirement of outstandingindebtedness, additional reduction of the Appropriation Investment, and other pLirposesrcon.nected with TVA's power business. In setting TVA's rates, the TVA Board is charged by the TVA Act to have due regard for the primary objectives of the TVA Act, including the objecti,'e that power shall be sold at rates as low as are feasible. Rates set by the TVA Board are not subject to review or approval by any state or federal regulatory. body.
Fiscal Year Unless otherwise indicated, years (2006, 2005, etc.) refer to TVA's fiscal years ended September 30.
Cost-Based Regulation The rate-setting authority vested in the TVA Board by the TVA Act meets the "self-reg'ulated" provisions of SFAS'No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation, and TVA meets the remaining criteria for the application of SFAS No.'71 that (1) TVA's regulated rates are designed to recover its costs of providing electricity and (2) in view of the demand for electricity and the level of competition it is reasonable to assume that the rates, set at levels that will Irecover TVA's costs, can be charged and collected. Accordingly, TVA records certain assets and liabilities that result from the regulated ratemaking process that would not be recorded under generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for non-regulated entities. Regulatory assets generally represent incurred costs that have been deferred because such costs are probable of future recovery in customer rates. Regulatory liabilities generally represent obligations to make refunds to customers for previous collections for costs that are not likely to be incurred or deferral of gains that will be credited to customers in future periods. Management assesses whether the regulatory assets are probable of future recovery by considering factors such as applicable regulatory changes, potential legislation, and changes in technology. Based on this assessment, management believes the existing regulatory assets are probable of recovery. This determination reflects the current regulatory and political Page 79 of 141
environment and is subject to change in the future. If future recovery of regulatory assets ceases to be' probable, TVA could be required to write-off these costs. Any asset or liability write-offs would be required to be recognized in earnings in the period in which future recovery ceases to be probable..
Management Estimates TVA prepares its financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP")
in the United States of America applied on a consistent basis. In some cases, management may make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the.date of the financial statements and the related' amounts bf reveni~es'and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Reclassifications Certain reclassific6ations have been made to the 2005 and 2004..financial statements to conform to the 2006 presentation, including the 2005 Balance Sheet reclassifications of estimated IIegal liabilities of $13 million from' ACCOUNTS PAYABLE to ACCRUED LIABILITIES, separation of COLLATERAL FUNDS HELD of $107 milli0h from AcCOUNTS PAYABLE, and reclassifications of customer prepayments, of $93 million,from ACCRUED LIABILITIES to ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET.
,o.
Interest income of $19 million and $6 million for 2005 and. 2004, respectively, was pr.eviously included in INTEREST ON DEBT on the Statements of Income. Interest income is nowincluded i OTHER* INCOME.
The cash flow stateme6nt has been changed to conform to the 2006'presentation bylreducing ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE and ACCOuNTS PAYABLE for customer prepayments of $93 million and $91 million: in 2005.and 2004, respectively. In addition, $1 million in proceeds from the sale of a receivable in 2005 related to a construction project was reclassified from. CONSYRUCTION EXPENDITuRES to ýROCEED§ FROM THE'SALE OF RECEIVABLES/LOANS.
These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results, of perations and net,cash flows.
Revision to Statements of Cash Flows '"
As of September 30, 2006,'TVA began reporting the-allowance for furnds used.during construction
("AFUDC") related.to construction expenditures as a noncash component, of investing actiyities rather than a noncash component of 6perating activities. The revised classification is consistent.With guidance for the cash flow presentation for capitalized interest. the previous method of reporting AFUDIC was consistent with the industry practice for the combined reporting of debt and equity AFUDC. The result of this reclassification is an increase in cash from.opelrating activities of $116 million and $99 million for 20.05 and 2004, respectively'andý an increase in.
'funds used by investing activities of $1.16 million and $99 million for 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Cash and Cash Equivalents CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS include the cash available in TVA's commercial bank accounts and U.S.
Treasury accounts, as well as short-term securities held for the primary purpose of general liquidity. Such securities mature within three months from the original date of issuance.
Restricted Cash and Investments As of September 30, 2006 and 2005, TVA had $198 million.and $107,million,.respectively, in RESTRICTED CASH AND INVESTMENTS on its Balance Sheets. primarily related to col*teral paosted with TVA by a swap counterparty in accordance with certain credit terms included in'.he swap agreeme'int wh'ich result in the funds'being reported in RESTRICTED CASH AND'INVESTMENITS..
,1'..
Accounts Receivable Accounts Receivable. A'ccounts receivable primarily consist of.amounts due from customers 'for power sales. The table below summarizes the types and amounts of receivables:
Page 80 of 141
AccountsReceivable
'r As of September 30
,.2006 2005 Power rkeivables billed
$ 303-
$ -286 Power receivables unbilled 1 031 731 Total power receivables 1,334 1,017 Other receivables 35 4.2 Allowance for uncollectible.accounts (10)
(7)
,:-Net accounts receivable
.1359 :
.0.f.52 Effective September,2006, TVA implemented a change in the methodology. for estimating unbilled revenue
.-... for electricity sales. The change"in.calculating uinbilled revenue was from. a method that estimated unbilled revenue on-an aggregated distributor basis to a method that estimates unbilled revenue for each distributor and sums the resultsto arrive 'at the total estimated unbilled revenue. The change also involves moving from an aggregate generationmbased.estimate to an~estimate based on wholesale meter readings for each~specific distributor. The impact of this-change resulted in an increase in.the September 2006 sales estimate of 4,497 million, kilowatt-hours-
-and an increase in September 2006 accounts receivable and revenue of $232 million. In addition, the'former. method was'used in calculating the unbilled revenue estimate for 2005, resulting in a lower sales estimate compared to actual sales and revenue.
Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts The allowance for uncollectible accounts reflects TVA's estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable, unbilled revenue, and loans receivabie balances. TVA determines the allowance based on known accounts, historical experience, and other currently available information including events such as customer
- bankruptcy and/or a customer 'failing to fulfill payment arrangements after 90 days. -TVA's corporate credit department is consulted to assess the financial condition of a customer and the credit quality of the accounts. The allowancefor uncollectible accounts was $10 million and $7 million at September 30, 2006, and 2005, respectively,-
for accounts receivable and $15 million at September 30, 2006, and 2005 for loans receivable.
Rexenues'
-, Revenues fromn.poower sales arbrecorded'as power is delivered to customers. TVA accrues estimated" unbilled revenues for power sales provided to customers for the period of time from' the end of the billing' cycle to month end. Components of the unbilled revenue estimates may include total electricity supply available from generation or purchases,' estimated total'electricity'lost in delivery, and applicable rates., These components can
-:'fluctuate-as a result of a number of factors including weather, generation patterns; delivery volume, and other "
operational constraints. These factors can' be unpriedictable and can vary from historical trends. As a'result, the overall estimate of unbilled revenues may be significantly affected, which could have a material impact on TVA's
'results of operations.
Exchange power Sales 'are presented ih the'accompanying Statements of Income as a comlonent of SALES OF ELECTRICITY-FEDERAL AGENCIES AND OTHER. Exchange power sales are sales of excess power:after meeting TVA natiCe load 'and'direct'.served.requirements.. (Native load refers to the customers On whose.'behalf.a company, by statute, franchise, regulatory requirement, or contract, has undertaken an obligation to serve.)
,Inventories '
Certain Fuel,' Materials, and Supplies. Coal, oil, limestone, tire-based fuel invehtOries,'and materials and supplies inventories are valued using an average unit cost method.' A new average cost is computed after each transaction and inventory issuances are priced at the latest moving weighted average unit cost At September 30, 2006, and 2005, TVA had $270 million and $185 million, respectively, in fuel inventories and $288 million and $283 million, respectively, in'materials and supplies inventory. '
Allowance foW Inventory Obsolescenre. TVA reviews supply and material inventories by category-and usage on a' periodic basis'." Eachicategory is assigned a probability of becoming obsolete based on the type of material and historical usage'data. Based on the estiri1ted Value of the inventory, TVA adjusts its allowance for inventory Page 81 -of 141
obsolescence. The allowance for surplus and obsolete inventory was $38 million and $36 million at September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Emission Allowances.,.TVA has emission allowances for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide ("NOx") which are accounted for as inventory. The average cost of allowances used each month is charged to operating expense based on tons of sulfur dioxide and NOx emitted. NOx emission 'allowances are only used during the ozone season,
.which occurs from May through September. Allowances granted to TVA by the. Environmental Protection Agency
("EPA") are recorded at zero cost.
Property, Plant, and Equipment, and Depreciation Additions to plant are recorded at cost, which includes direct-and indirect. costs-and an allowance for funds used during construction. The cost of current repairs and minor replacements is charged to operating expense.
Nuclear fuel inventories, which are included in PROPERTY, PLANT; AND EQUIPMENT, are valued using the average cost method for'raw materials and the specific identification method'for nuclear fuel in a reactor:, Armortization of nuclear
-fuel is, calculated on a units-of-production basis and is included!in fuel.expense. TVA accounts for'its properties using the composite convention ofaccounting. Accordingly, the original cost of'property retired, togetherwithremoval costs less.salvage value, is charged to accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is generally computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated service lives of the various classes'ofassets. Depreciation.expense expressed'as a percentage of,the average annual depreciable completed plant was 3:15 percent for 2006, 3.33 percent.for 2005, and
.'3.32 percent for 2004: Depreciation rates (percent) by asset-class are as follows:'
TVA Property, Plant, and Equipment Depreciation Rates As of September 30 2006 2005 2004 Asset Cl~ss-Nuclear 3.00 '.
3.40 3.37 Coal-Fired "3.53 3.53--
3.51 Hydroelectric' 1.79 1.78 1
172 Combustion turbine/diesel'generators 4.54*,
4.55 4.41
-Transmission'
.'f
.2.57-2.52 253 Other 545A5 5,60,.
6&05 Depreciation expense for the years ended September 30, 2006, 2005, and 2004 was $1,082 million, $1,132 million, and $1,103 million, respectively. The major single reason for the reduction in depreciation expense for 2006 was the rate change for Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant. The rate.change was the result of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (C'NRC!') granting TVA a 20-year operating license extension Property,, plant,;and equipment also, includes assets recorded under capital lease, agreements.which primarily consist of office facilities of $39 million and $47 million for 2006 and 2005, respectively, and fabrication and blending facilities of $45 million and $51. million for 2006-and 2005,.respectively.-
Blended Low Enriched Uranium Program, On December 5,2004, TVA received the-first fuel assembly. under the blended lowenriched uranium
("BLEU") fuel program for.loading into Browns Ferry Unit 2. This fu'el was loadedin the reactor during its most recent refueling outage in April 2005,- which initiated the amortization of the costsof4he BLEU fuel assemblies-to nuclear.
fuel expense.
The BLEU fuel program is implemented, in part, through agreements with counterparties, including an interagency agreement with the Department of Energy ("DOE") to provide.nuclear fuel materials to~be processed into usable fuel-for TVA nuclear reactors,, and other contracts with third-party nuclearfuel processors-under which the nuclear fuel processo.rs, either by themselves or thr(ough subcontractors, acquire land, construct facilities., and-process the materials from DOE into usable fuel for TVA nuclear reactors. 41. -.
Under the terms of the interagency agreement, DOE supplies off-specification;, highly enricheduranium materials to the appropriate third party fuel processors for processing into usable fuel for TVA. In exchange, DOE will participate to a degree in the savings generated by TVA's use of this blended nuclear fuel.' At September 30, 2006, TVA had accrued an obligation of $2 million related to the portion ofthe ultimate future paymentsestimated-to~be attributable,to-the BLEU fuel currently in,use. TVA will accrue additional amounts each time BLEU fuel is-inserted.
into a reactor thereby increasing the obligation-over future periods.
'Page 82 of,141
The third party'fuel process6rs own the conversion and processing facilities' and will retain title to all land, property, plant, and equipment used in the BLEU fuel program. There is no provision for TVA to own or otherwise take title to the facilities, materials, or equipment n6w or at any time in the future. However,.in accordance with the, requirements of EITF No. 01-08, "Determining Whether an Arrangement Contains a Lease," and SFAS No. 13, "Accounting for Leases,"TVA recognized a capital lease asset and corresponding lease obligation related to amounts paid or payable to a third party fuel processor. Accounting recognition of the capital lease asset and oblig'6tion.'
recharacterization.resulted from contract modifications to the pre-existing fuel fabrication contract.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2005, TVA recorded a capital lease asset of $60 million comprised of
$23 million of contract payments made before the lease was* recharacterized as a capital lease and $37 million in contract payments either paid or payable after the lease was recharacterized as a capital lease. Also during the quarter, TVA recorded an initial capital lease obligation of $37 million. This obligation has subsequently been reduced by principal payments, leaving an unpaid capital lease obligation of $13 million and $18 million at September 30, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Additionally, TVA has recognized asset amortization expense of $6 million and $9 million and internal expense of $1 million and $2'million related to the capital lease obligation through September 30, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Investment Funds INVESTMENT FUNDS consist primarily of trust funds designated to fund nuclear decommissioning requirements (see Note 13 -
Contingencies -
Decommissioning Costs) and the supplemental executive retirement plan ("SERP")
(see Note 12 -
Other Non-Qualified Retirement and Deferred Compensation Plans). Decommissioning funds and SERP funds, which are classified as tradinrg, are invested in portfolios of securities generally designed to earn returns in line with overall equity market performance.
Other Long-Term Assets The year-end balances of TVA's OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS are as f6ol6ws" Other Long-Term Assets As of September 30 2006 2005 Loans and long-tern'i receivables, nei 102 93 Intangibl6 asset relatec to pension prior service cost 280 312 Valuation of currency swaps
""246 76' Valuation of commodity contracts 487 791 For-additional information on the componbnts of OTHER LONG-ITERM ASSETS, see Note 1 -
Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts, Note 8 -
Overvievw of Accounting Treatment, "Commodity Contra ts, and Swaps, Note 1.1 -
Loans and Other Long-term Receivableý, and Notý 12 -
Components of Pension and Postretirement Benefits and Other Non-Qbualified Retirement and-Deferred Compensation Plans.
Energy Prepayment Obligations During 2002, TVA introduced an energy prepayment program, the discounted energy units ("DEU") program.
Under this program, TVA customers could purchase DEUs generally in $1 million increments, and each"DEU entitled the purchaser to a $0.025/kilowatt-hour discount on a specified quantity of firm power over a period of years (five, ten, 15, or 20) for each kilowatt-hour in the prepaid block. The remainder of the price of the kilowatt-hours delivered to the customer was due upon billing.
TVA did'not offer the DEU, program in 2006 or 2005. Sales for the 2004 program included 5.5 DEUs totaling
$5.5'million over a 10-year period and 1.75 DEUS totaling $1.75 million over a five-year period. Total sales for the program since inception have been $54.5 million. TVA is accounting for the prepayment proceeds as unearned revenue and is reporting the obligations to deliver power as ENERGY PREPAYMENT OBLIGATIONS and CURRENT PORTION oF ENERGY PREPAYMENT OBLIGATIONS on the September 30, 2006, and 2005 Balance Sheets. 'TVA recognizes revenue as electri6ity is delivered to customers, based on the ratio' of units of kilowatt-hours delivered to total units of
'kilowatt-hours under contract. As of Sedtember 30, 2006, $20.2 million has been applied against power billings on a cumulative basis during the life of the program;of which nearly $5.6 million was recognized as noncash revenue during both 2006 and 2005, and $5:5 million was'recognized as noncash revenue in 2004. '
Page 83 of 141
In 2004, TVA and its largest customer,:.Memphis Light, Gas, and W.ate.r.Divisi.on ("MLGW"),-entered into an energy, prepayment agreement under which MLGW prepaid TVA $1.5 billion for the future costs of electricity to be delivered by TVA to MLGW over a period of 180. months. TVA accounted for the prepayment as unearned revenue, and is reporting the obligation to.deliver power under this arrangement as ENERGY PREPAYMENT OBLIGATIONS and:
CURRENT PORTION OF ENERGY PREPAYMENT OBLIGATIONS on the September 30i 2006, and 2005, Balance-Sheets.. TVA expects to recognize approximately $100 million of.noncash revenue in each year of the arrangement as electricity is delivered to MLGW based on the ratio of units of kilowatt-hours delivered.to-total units of kilowatt-hours under,:,.'.
contract. As of September 30, 2006, $290.4 million had been recognized as-noncash revenue on a cumulative basis during the life of the agreement, $100 million of whiqh was recognized as. noncash revenue during both 2006 and 2005 and $90.4 million of which was recognized as noncash revenue during 2004.
Insurance Although TVA uses private companies to.administer its health-care plans for eligible activeand retired, employees notcovered by Medicare, TVA does not purchase health insurance. Consulting actuaries assist TVA in determining certain liabilities for self-assumed claims. TVA recovers the costs of losses through power rates anrd through adjustments to the participants' contributions to their benefit plans. These liabilities are included in OTHER LIABILITIES on the Balance Sheets.
TVA purchases nuclear liability insurance, nuclear property, decommissioning, and decontamination insurance,, and nuclear accidental outage insurance. See Note 13 -
Contingencies -
Nuclear Insurance.
TVA does not currently purchase commercial general liability, auto~liability, or workers' compensation:,*-.*
insurance. TVA recovers-the costs of losses through power rates. The Federal Employees' Compensation Act governs liability to employees for service-connected injuries.
TVA purchases property and business interruption/outage insurance for its conventional non-nuclear assets.
TVA also purchases liability insurance, which provides coverage for its directors and. officers, subject to the terms and conditions of the policy.
Sale of Receivables/Loans From time to time TVA obtains proceeds from selling receivables and loans. During 2006, TVA sold $22 million of receivables at par such that TVA did not recognize a gain or loss on the sale. Of.this amount, $11 million represents receivables from power customers related to the construction of a. substation andother energy conservation projects, which is included within the Cash Flow Statement under the caption CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES.
During 2005, TVA sold $60 million"of receivables. Of this amount, $1 million represented receivables from
..Power customers related to the.construction of.a substation and other energy-conservation projects,, which is included withinthe Cash Flow Statement under the caption CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES. The receivables were sold at par such that TVA did not recognize a gain or loss on the sale. Additionally, TVA sold a portfolio of 51,power distributor customer loans receivable. The portfolio was sold for $55. million,* without recourse to TVA, and contained loans with maturities ranging from less than.one year to over 34 years. The principal amount due on the loans at the time of the sale was $57 million. The $2 million loss is reported in OTHER INCOME, NEToOn the.income Statement for the year ended September 30, 2005.
There were no corresponding sales of receivables during 2004; TVA did not retain any claim on these loans and receivables sold, and they are no. longer reported on TVA's Balance Sheets.
Asset Retirement Obligations In accordance-with the. provisions of SFAS No. 143, "Accounting forAsset Retirement Qbligations, "TVA recognizes legal obligations associated with the future retirement of certain tangible lon g-lived assets. TVA only records estimates of such dispo'sal costs at the time the legal obligation. arises:- See Note 4.
Based on updating assumptions in the engineering studies annually in accordance with NRC requirements, revisions to the amount and timing of,.certain cash flow estimates of nuclear.asset retirement obligations may be...
made. TVA recognizes as incurred all obligations related to closure and removal of. its nuclear units. TVA measures the liability for closure at the present value of the weighted estimated cash flows required to satisfy the re lated obligation, discounted at the credit adjusted rate of interest in effect at.the'time the liability was actually incurred or-.
originally accrued, and subsequently modified to comply with SFAS No. 143. Earnings from decommissioning fund Page 8*4 of 141
investments, amortization of the decommissioning regulatory asset, and interest expense on thedecommissioning liability are deferred as a regulatory asset. See Note 13 -
Contingencies -
Decommissioning Costs. Beginning in 2003, TVA evaluated the nature and scope of its decommissioning policy as it relates to all electric plant. The evaluation was used to determine the need for recognition of additional asset retirement obligations as described in SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations." SFAS No. 143 became effective for TVAat the beginning of 2003. See Note 4. On September 30, 2006, TVA began applying the guidance of Financial Accounting and Standards Board ("FASB") Interpiretation ("FIN") No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations-' an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143." See Note 4 fdr'the effects of appl ying this interpretation.
Discounts on Sales TVA's DEU program (see Note 1 -
Energy Prepayment Obligations) allows customers to use cash on hand to prepay TVA for some of their power needs, providing funding to TVA and a savings to customers in the form of a discount on future purchases. The distributor customer receives a discount on a specified volume of firm energy Purchased. The supplement to the power contract specifies the discount rate (2.5 cents per kilowatt-hour), the monthly bloc'k'bf kilowatt-hours to whichthe discount applies, the number of years (term), and contingencies upon contract termination.
TVAs are..utone, LG, als h....
S.-
T.VA'slargegt custoiner, MILG I also has a power prepayment agreement (see Note 1 -
Energy Preyaj/ment Obligatibns) under which it has prepaid $1.5 billion for a fixed amount of power.* TVA repays MLGW in
-the form of a monthly'credit sufficient for MLGW to pay'debt service on its prepayment bonds plus a return on investment.
Discounts for these programs amounted to $47 million,*$47 million, and $43 million for the years-ended September 30, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
Allowance fol Funds Used'During Construction TVA capitalizes an allowance for-furds used during construction based on the average interest rate of-TVA's outstanding debt. The all6wance is applicable to construction in progress and nuclear fuel fabrication.
Research and Development Costs Research and development costs-are-6xpensed when incurred. During 2006, 2005, and 2004 resbardh and developmeht costs of $20 million, $21 million, and $24 million were expensed and included in the statements of income caption OPERATING AND MAINITENANCE.
Payments In Lieu of Taxes The TVAAct requires TVA to rhake payments to states'and counties-in which TVA conducts its power operations and in which TVA has acquired power properties previously subject to state and local taxation. The' amount of these payments is five percent of gross revenues from sale of-power during the preceding year excluding sales or deliveries to other federal agencies and exchange sales with other utilities, with a prOvision for minimum payments under certain-6ircumstance-s.
Project Cancellation
'In December 2003,.TVA was notified that Regenesys Technologies Limited ("RTL") would not proceed with manufacturing of the fuel cells to be installed in the partially completed Regenesys energy storage plant in Columbus, Mississippi. TVA had invested approximately $35 million in the'Regenesys project. RTL reimbursed TVA for early
-termination of the contract in the amount of $15 million, which reduced the net loss to $20 million on the cancellation of the Regenesys project.
-}
I Page 85 of 141
Impairment of Assets TVA evaluates long-lived assets for impairment in accordance with the-provisions of SFAS No..144,
'Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the~carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. For long-lived assets, TVA bases its evaluation on impairment indicators such as the nature of the, assets, the future economic benefit of the assets, any historical or -.
future profitability measurementsand other external market conditions or factors that may be present. If such impairment indicators~are present or other factors exist that indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, TVA determines whether an impairment has occurred based on an estimate of undiscounted cash flows attributable to the asset, as compared with the carrying value of the asset. If an impairment has occurred, the amount of the impairment recognized is measured as the excess of the asset's carrying value over its fair value. See Note 6.
Reduction in Workforce During 2004, organizations within TVA performed program and staffing reviews to identify surplus staffi~ng situations. In areas where surplus staffing existed, TVA provided the opportunity for certain qualifying employees.t9, apply for voluntary resignations beginning in February 2004, In conjunction with the voluntary reduction process, TVA also instituted an.involuntary reduction in force for certain employees. As of September 30, 2006,r.there were approximately 700 employees impacted by the combined voluntary and involuntary.actions. TVA-recognized total expense of approximately.$41 million for termination costs incurred through September 30, 2006. Payout of benefits occurs as employees retire from TVA. Substantially all affected employees had left by the end of 2006.
Impact of New Accounting Standards and Interpretations Variable Interest Entities. In January 2003, the FASB published FASB Interp~retation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities," which was revised by FASB Interpretation No. 46R ("46R") in December 2003. FIN 46R establishes consolidation criteria for entities for which "control" is not easily discernable under Accounting Research Bulletin ("ARB") 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements," which is based-on the premise that holders of the equity of an entity control the entity by virtue of voting rights. FIN 46R provides guidance for identifying the party~with a controlling financial interest resulting from arrangements or financial interests rather than from voting interests. FIN 46R defines the term "variable interest entity" ("VI.E") and is based on the premise~that if a business enterprise absorbs a majority of the VIE's expected losses and/or receives a majority of its expected residual returns (measures of risk and reward), that enterprise (the primary beneficiary) is deemed to have a controlling financial interest in the VIE. An enterprise that bears the majority of the economic risk is con0sidered to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE, even if it has no decision making (voting) authority or equity interest. TVA adopted. FIN 46 and FIN 46R effective October 1, 2005, for VIEs created before December 31, 2003, and immediately for VIEs created after December 31, 2003.
In February 1997, TVAentered into apurchase power agreement with Choctaw.Generation, Inc.
(subsequently assigned.to Choctaw Generation Limited Partnership).to purchase all the power generated from its facility located in Choctaw County, Mississippi. The facility had a committed capacity of 440 megawatts and the term of the agreement was 30 years; Under the accounting guidance provided by FIN 46R,.TVA may be deemed tobe the primary beneficiary under the contract; however, TVA does not have access to the financial records of Choctaw Generation Limited Partnership. As a result, TVA was unable to determine whether FIN 46R would require TVA to consolidate.Choctaw Generation Limited Partnerships' balance sheet, results of operations, and cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2006. Power purchases for 2006 under the agreement totaled $121 million. TVA has no additional. financial commitmentsbeyond the purchase power agreement with respect to the facility.
On April 13, 2006, the FASB issued FASB'Staff Position FIN 46R-6, "Determining the Variability-to Be Considered in ApplyingFASB Interpretation No. 46R," which addresses how a reporting enterprise should determine the variability to be considered in applying FASB Interpretation No. 46. FSP FIN 46R-6 is to be applied prospectively to all entities with which that enterprise first becomes involved and to all entities previously required to be analyzed under FIN 46R when a reconsideration event has occurred pursuant to paragraph seven of FIN 46R beginning the first day of the first reporting period after June 15, 2006. TVA began applying this guidance with the reporting period ending September 30, 2006. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations. In March 2005, the FASB issued FIN No. 47, 'Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations-an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143." This interpretation clarifies that the term conditional asset retirement obligation ("conditional ARO") as used in SFAS No. 143, 'Accounting forAsset Retirement Obligations," refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and (or)
Page 86 of 14:1
method of settlement are' conditional on a futureevent that may or may not be within the control of the entity. The obligation to perform theasset retirement activity is unconditional even though uncertainty existsabout the timing and (or) method'of.settlement. Accordingly, an entity is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional AROif the fairvalue of the liability can be reasonably estimated. The fair value of a liability forthe conditional ARO should be recognized when incurred. This interpretation also clarifies'wher an entity would have sufficient, information to reasonably estimate the fair value of aniARO. On September 30, 2006, TVA began applying'FIN 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations," which resulted in thexrecognition of additional ARO liabilities for asbestos and PolychlorinatedBiphenyls abatement-costs.
The following table sets forth TVA's net income for the years ended September 30, 2006, 2005, and, 2004, adjusted as if FIN 47 had been applied during these periods.. FIN 47 had-an adoption date'of September 30, 2006.
For a discussion of the effects of the adoption of FIN No. 47, see Note 4.
ProForma Effects of Adoption of FIN 47 For the years ended September 30 2006 2005 2004 Reported income before cumulative effect of change in.
accounting principle
$ 438 85
$ 386 FIN47,proformaearningseffects'
(....
(7)
(7).
Proforma income before cumulative.effect of change in accounting principle 431-'
S 78
'S 39""
Accournting C hanges'and Error Corrections. lri:May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS -No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Correctidns "' a replacement of APB Opirni6n No. 20 and FASB Sta'tement No. 3," which"rIeplaces Accounting Principles Board ("APB") OpinionNo. 20,."Accounting'Changes," and FASB Statement No. 3, "Repo.rting Accounting Changes in' Interim Financial Statements." This statement applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principles and also applies to changes required by.an accounting pronouncement inthe unusual instance that the pronouncement does not.includb p pcific-transitionprovisidns: This statement req'Oirds,uliless imprac.ticable,.,
retrospective. applicatiori to 'prior'periods' financial Statements of changes.in accouhiting'principles.' This statement also requirbs that a change in depreciation,'amortization, or depletio'n method forlocing-lived, nonfinancial assets be accounted for as a changein accounting'estimate effected by a change indaccountihg principle.,. The statement-will become effective for TVA beginning in 2007 with early adoptiornpermitted for-ac6'6,unting chan'ges and corrections of errors made in fiscal years be'ginning after May 2005, the date the statement wag issued.
Accounting fo Invent6ry Transactions: At its Septernber 28, 2005n. meeting, the FAsB reached consensus oh' Emerging Issues Task Fo'rC'e ("EITF") Issue No. 04-13, "Accoantingr for Purchasesarid'Sales of Inventory with the Same Cdunterparty." The consensus reached states that inventory purchase and sales transactions with the same counte'rparty that are 7e-ntered into inc6neem'plation of one another should be combined for purposes of applying APB.
Opinion 29. The Task Force also reached a consensus that a nonmonetary exchange within the same line of "
`
business involving the transfer of raw materials in exchange for the receipt of raw materials should not be recognized at fair,Value. Thig EITF should be applied to transactions completed'in reporting periods begihning-after March 15, 2006; Mvlether pursuant to rOangements that were in place at the date of initial afbplication of the consensus or arrangements executed subsequ6nt to that date. The carrying amount of the inventory that wa,'s'abquired under theset'yypes of arrangements prior to the' initial aphlication' of the consensus, and that still remains in'an entity's '*
stateriiht of fiH'ancial position at the date of initial application of the consensus, should not beý,adjusted for this consensus.' TVA'6dopted EITF Issue-No. 04-13 beginnin'g in'the sedond quarter of 2006. The adoption of this guidance did not-hav6 aimaterial impiact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.
Put an'd;Call Options. In September:2005, the Derivatives Implemehtation Group ("DIG"') of the FASB discussed several issues related to the settlement of a debtor's obligation on the exercise of'a call or pbt option" and the exercige only by the debtor of the right to accelerate settlement of a debt with 6n' embedded call option DiG Implementation Issue No. B38, "Embedded Derivatives: Evaluation of Net Settlement with Respect to theSettlement of a Debt Instrunient through Exercise of ari Embedded Put Option or Call Option," addresses whether the settlement of a debtor's obligation on exercise Of a call or put optionmeets the net settlement-criterion in parag'raph 9(a) of SFAS No.
133, a'e'amended. DIG Implementatiori Issu6 No. B39, "Embedded Derivatives: Application of Paragraph 13(b)'to Call bptibns ThgJtAre'Exercisable Only by the Debtor," addressesgwhether or 'ot P0r6graph 13(b) of SFAS No.133*,
as amended, applies to a call option embedded with a debt host if'the righ't to accelerate settlement of the 'd6bt can '
be exercised only by the debtor. The effective date of the implementation guidance in these issues is the first da/'of the first fiscal quarter beginning after December 15, 2005. The issue became, effective for TVA beginning in the Page 87 of 141 '-
"`
second quarter of 2006. The adoption of this guidance did not have'a material impact.on TVAis results:'of operations or-financial condition.
Accounting for Rental Costs. On October,6, 2005, the FASB issued FSP FAS 13-1, "Accounting. for Rental Costs Incurred during a Construction Period." :The FASB concludes in thisFSP that rental costs associated with ground or building operating leases that are incurred during a construction period-should be expensed.- TVA began applying this guidance beginning with the quarterly reporting. period ending March.31, 2006. The adoption.of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operations or financial condition.:
Impairment of Investments. On November 3, 2005, -the FASB released FSP FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1 'The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to-Certain Investments:" *This FSP addresses the determination as to when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is, other than temporary, -
and the measurement of an impairment loss. The FSP also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an "other-than-temporary" irfipairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as "other-than-temporary" impairments: "TVA beganapplying this guidance beginning with the quarterly reporting period ending March 31, 2006. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on TVA's results of operationsor financial condition.
Fair Value Measurements. In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS' No. 157, "Fair.Value Measurements." This standard provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. The standard also responds to investors' requests.for expanded, information about the extent to which companies rmeasure assets and liabilitiesat fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings.
Statement 157 applies whenever other. standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in anynew circumstances.. SFAS No. 157 establishes 6 fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop measurement assumptions. The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007; and interim periods within those fiscal,years. At this.time, TVA 'continues. the process of evaluating the, requirements of this statement and does not yet know the impact of.its implementation,.whichI may or may not be material to TVA's results ofopeerations or financial position.
Accounting for.Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans: On.Seýtember, 29, 2006 the FASB issued SEAS No. 158, "Employers'Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Qther, pl stretirement Plans -, an amendment of FASB'StatementstNo..87, 88, 406, and 132(R)." This standard will require employers to fully recognize the obligations associated with single-employer defined benefit pension, retiree healthcare and other.
postretirement plans in their financial statements..The standard Iwill make it.easier.for. investors, employees, retirees and others to unde*rstand and assess an employer's financial position. a 0d.its ability to fulfill the. obligations under its.
benefit plans. Specifically, the new standard requires an employer to: recognize in its statement of financial position an asset for a plan's overfunded status or a liability for a plan's underfunded status; measure a plan's assetsand its.
obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer's fiscal year (with: limited excepti'ons); and recognize changes in the funded status of.a defind,'-benefit postretirement plan in the year.ji which the clh~nges occur. Those changes will be reported in comprehensive income of a, business entity and inmchangesin net, as~sets of a not-for-profit organization.
The requirement.to'recognize the funded.status of a benefit plan and the disclosure requiements are effective for TVA.as of the end of the fiscal year ending after June 15,,2007. The requirement.-to measure plan assets and benefit obligationsas of the,date of the employer's fiscal year-end statement offinancial -positionis, effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. TVA plans to apply the new. standard for its 2007 year-end financial statements and recognize on its 2007 Balance Sheets the funded status of its pension and other postretirement benefilt plans. However, had TVA been req'uired to adopt the standard asof its last actuarial valuation date,...
(September 30, 2006), TVA would have recorded the following amounts on its Balance Sheet for the.year then.
ended: a regulatory asset of $795 million, additional pension and postretirement obligations of $368 million and $152 million, respectively,; and the reclassification to the, regulatory asset of an intangible, assetwith a balance of $275 million representing unamortized 'prior service cost. The net effect of recognizing such amounts would have been.to increase total assets and liabilities by$520.million at that date.,,..
In.AuguSt 2006,. he',Pension Protection Act of 2006 (the "Pension Act") became law.. The Pension Act amends the E mployee.Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA) and Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code to provide new minimum funding rules for defined benefit plans. The Tennessee Valley Authority Retirement System
("TVAS").defined benefit plan, a'sa governmental plan, is not subject tq the minimum funding rules.under ERISA and Section 412 of the Internal Revenue Code, and it.is unlikely the Pension Act will have-any, material effect on the TVARS defined benefit plan.
Page 88 of 141 %..
Accounting for Misstatements. On September 13, 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accountirig'Bulletin No. 108, "Considering the-Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements." This bulletin provides interpretive. guidance on how theieffects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. Application of the guidance is effective for TVA beginning with the first interim period of fiscal year 2007.
- 2. Nuclear Power Program At September. 30, 2006, TVA's nuclear:power program consisted of nine units -
five operating (commercially generating electricity), one in recovery (being returned to service), one in deferred status (construction halted but still licensed by NRC), and two which were canceled (licensed.surrendered to NRC) during 2006 (discussed below). The operating and recovery units are in three locations with investments in property, plants and equipment as follows and in the status indicated:
Nuclear Production Plants As of September 30 Completed-
-Construction in Fuel Plant, Net Progress Investment Browns Ferry
$ 1,952
$ 1,993"
$ 229 Sequoyah 1,648 32 118 Watts Bar 5,317 191 62 Raw materials 82 Total Nuclear Production
$JLq1Z
$2,216 491 Notes Browns Ferry Unit 1, a unit in recovery, is discussed below.
Browns Ferry Unit 1 was taken offline in 1985,for plant~modifications and regulatory improvements and will continue to remain in an inoperative status until recovered. In May 2002, the TVA Board initiated activities for the return of Unit 1 to service in order to meet long-term power requirements. It is anticipated the Unit 1 recovery project will add approximately 1, 150 megawatts of generation initially with an eventual 1,280 megawatts of generation at a cost Of approximately $1.8 billion, exclusive of AFUDC and estimated asset retirement obligation. Unit 1 is expected to return to service in 2007. At September 30, 2006, TVA had incurred approximately $1.6 billion of costs, and AFUDC of $182 million, on the restart project.
In 1988, TVA suspended construction activities on Watts Bar Unit 2 and it remains a partially completed nuclear plant similar in design to the operating Watts Bar Unit 1. Because of projected demand in its service area, TVA is studying options which will provide accurate cost, schedule, and risk information to enable a more informed future decision regarding new base load generation. Accordingly, TVA has contracted for a detailed scoping, estimating and planning study of Watts Bar Unit 2 during 2007 and 2008. Watts Bar's Unit 2 construction permit expires in 2010 andas of September 30, 2006, no decision has been made to actually complete Watts Bar Unit 2.
Bellefonte Units 1 and 2 were deferred in 1988 and 1985, respectively. In December 1994, TVA determined that it would not, by itself, complete Bellefonte Unit 1 and Unit 2 and in September.2006, the NRC approved TVA's request to terminate the construction permits for unfinished Bellefonte Units 1 and 2. NRC determined that terminating the construction permits, which were originally issued in 1974, would not have a significant effect on the quality of the environment. TVA's Board of Directors approved canceling the Bellefonte Nuclear Plant ("Bellefonte")
construction project in November 2005.
The TVA Board determined as of the end of 2001 *that the values of someof its existing assets were impaired and should be reduced. Certain nuclear assets -
portions of Bellefonte Unit 1 and Unit 2 and Watts Bar Unit 2 in its entirety -
were identified as assets for which the estimated cash flows expected-to be provided through future rates were less than recorded-book values. In 2001 TVA revalued certain nuclear assets -
Watts Bar Unit 2 in' its entirety and portions of Bellefonte Unit 1 and Unit.2.- downward by $2.2,billion and recognized an impairment loss. During 2004, the TVA Board approved the reclassification ofapproximately $203 million of Bellefonte assets from Deferred Nuclear Generating Units to.Completed Plant.' In-July 2005, the TVA Board approved-the amortization of TVA's remaining investment in the deferred generating units at Bellefonte over a 1 0-year period beginning in 2006.
See Note,Cost-Based Regulation. -TVA began.amortizing and recovering in rates the investment of the $3.9 billion in deferred nuclear generating units at Bellefonte Nuclear Plant on October 1, 2005. See Note 5. None of these actions interfere in any way-TVA's ability to:use the site for future projects.
Page 89 of 141
In September 2005, NuStart Development LLC ("NuStart") selected Bellefonte as one of the two sites in the country for a new advanced design nuclear plant. NuStart is an industry consortiumcomprised of nine utilities and two reactor vendors whose purpose is to satisfactorily demonstrate the new NRC licensing process for new nuclear plants. NuStart intends to seek a combined construction and operating license for the site for the new Advanced Passive 1000 reactor design by Westinghouse Electric Co. TVA intends to be the license applicant for NuStart when the combined license application is submitted to the NRC. TVA has been a participant in NuStart since its inception and intends to become a full member of NuStart. No decision has been made to actually build an advanced reactor at the site.
On.May 4, 2006, the. NRC approved TVA's application-for license extension at each of its three reactors at Browns Ferry NuclearPlant. As a result of the NRC's action, each unit's license has been extended 20 years. See Note 4. The depreciable lives of these units were therefore extended in 2006..Current expiration dates of the operating licenses for the Browns Ferry-units are now:
TVA Nuclear Unit Operating License Expiration Dates As of September 30 Operating License Nuclear Unit Expiration Date Browns Ferry Unit 1 2033 Browns Ferry Unit 2 2034 Browns Ferry Unit.3 2036
- 3. Completed Plant Completed plant consisted of the following at September 30:
TVA Completed Plant As of September 30
- 2006, Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net 2005 Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net Fossil
$ 10,567 5,249
$ 5,318 10,164 4,912
$ 5,252 Combustion turbine 1,168 500 668 1,176 447 729 Nuclear 15,437 6,520 8,917 15,517 6,128 9,389 Transmission 4,360 1,607 2,753 4,227 1,512 2,715 Hydroelectric 1,879 683 1,196 1,861 648 1,213 Other electrical plant 1,235 428 807 1,264 426 838 Subtotal 34,646 141987 19,659 34,209 14,073 20,136 Multipurpose dams 962 336 626 962 326 636 Other stewardship 44 8
36
,4 8-36 Subtotal 1,006 344 662 1,006 334 672 Total
$- 0" L2447
- 4. Asset Retirement Obligations' Effective October 1, 2002, TVA adopted SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,"
which requires the recognition of a liability, and capitalization of the associated asset retirement cost as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset, for legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and/or normal operation of long-lived assets. TVA identified and reviewed all relevant information in the determination of its potential asset retirement obligations ("AROs").. TVA identified three categories of AROs which represent legal obligations of TVA under the requirements set forth in the standard. Costs associated with retirement of coal-fired (including ash/waste ponds) and gas/oil combustion turbine
.generating plants are being expensed as period costs while costs associated with retirement of nuclear generating plants are receiving SFAS No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects'of Certain Types of Regulation," treatment based on the partially funded status of the nuclear decommissioning obligation (see Note I -
Cost-Based.Regulation).
When TVA adopted SFAS No: 143, its accounting requirement was to incur only the minimum legally required costs related to plant shut-down and to consider certain assets as perpetually-lived. TVA adopted a Page 90 of 141
containment strategy through plant maintenance related to asbestos and Polychlorinated Biphenyls ("PCBs"), and due to uncertainty surrounding the timing of estimated plant closures, did not record an ARO for the complete removal costs. FIN 47, "Accounting for. Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations," clarifies that even though the timing or method of settlement of an obligation may be conditional on a future event, the obligation to perform the asset retirement activity is unconditional.. Accordingly, an entity. is required to'recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation when. incurred if the liability fair value can be reasonably estimated.
On September 30, 2006, TVA began applying FIN 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations," which resulted in the recognition of-additional AROliabilities for asbestos and PCB abatement costs.
The effect of the adoption of FIN 47 during 2006 included a cumulative effect charge to income of $109 million, a recognition of acorresponding additional long-term liability'of $132 million; a recognition of an increase in assets of
$43 million, and related accumulated depreciation of $20 million.
Asset Retirement Obligations As of September 30 Fair Market Estimated Pro-Forma Value of Future Pro-Forma September 30,
- September Investment Liability at FIN 47 ARO Category October 1, 2004 2005 30, 2006 Funds at Sept Sept 30, Obligation Obligation Obligation 30, 2006 2006 Fossil. Plants 106 111
$ 117
.I$
449 Office and Other Facilities 2
2-2 42 Hydroelectric Plants 5
5
. 5 32 Transmission Facilities 8
9 8
21 Total 2
S 121-
$A32 S 544 TVA has identified but not recognized conditional AROs related to items that contain PCBs such as electromagnets, voltage regulators, and small capacitors. These items reside in numerous larger pieces of equipment throughout TVA's integrated system and generally require retirement action*only upon failure or malfunction. The conditional AROs related to these items are not currently estimable because TVA does not have a.
comprehensive inventory of such items and does not have the historical data available to develop a reasonable estimate of when such items will fail or malfunction. If material, TVA will recognize a conditional ARO associated with these items at the time the information becomes available to develop a reasonable estimate.
Nuclear Generating Plants. Prior'to implementing SFAS No. 143, TVA had recognized a decommissioning liability related to its nuclear generating plants in accordance with NRC funding requirements. The adoption of SFAS No. 143 resulted in a change in the methodology of quantifying this nuclear decommissioning obligation in accordance with the new accounting standard. TVA has increased the nuclear decommissioning liability on the balance sheet to reflect the newimethodology but has retained its regulatory accounting treatment of capturing all changes in the liability, investment funds, and certain other deferred charges as changes in the regulatory asset instead of recording these items on the income statement because recovery of these net costs is probable in future revenues.
Coal-Fired Generating Plants. The activities associated with coal-fired plant retirement include plant shutdown, securing the physical property, closure of storage and/or waste areas (including ash/waste ponds),
maintenance of stack lights, security patrols, and measures to contain asbestos and other hazardous materials from release into the environment. The estimated costs of these activities have been included in the calculation of TVA's coal-fired plant AROs. Certain ash ponds and waste areas have estimated useful lives that are independent of the lives of the coal plants themselves. Accordingly, these specific ash/waste pond areas were quantified as separate AROs based on their specific estimated useful lives.
Gas/Oil Turbine Generating Plants. The activities associated with gas and oil turbine plant retirement include annual operating costs for site security, lighting, powerhouse and grounds maintenance, containment of asbestos, paint, and other materials, and groundwater monitoring. The estimated costs of these activities have been identified to be included in the calculation of TVA's combustion turbine plant AROs.
For each ARO identified, TVA calculated the net present value of the obligation as of the current period, the original and incremental cost of'the long-lived asset at the time of initial operation, the cumulative effect of depreciation on the adjusted asset-base, and accretion of the liability from the date of initial operation to the current period:
I.
During the first quarter of 2005, there was a change in the estimated closure date related to the Bellefonte diesel generators. The original estimate assumed asset retirement in 2029 and a six year waiting period before Page 91 of 141
closure work would begin in 2035; The~new estimate assumes that closure work will begin at the date the assets cease to operate in 2029. This change in estimate resulted in a decreasein the total future liability of nearly $1 million, and an increase in the current net present value of the ARO asset liability of less than $0.1. million.,
In March 2006 and 2005, TVA made revisions to the amount and timing of certain cashflow estimates related to its nuclear AROs: The revisions in cost were based on new engineering analyses of certain components of the cost performed annually in accordance with requirements of the NRC. The effect of the changes in estimates produced obligations that were less than the amounts originally recorded on an accreted basis. Accordingly, TVA made adjustments in the recorded amounts to properly reflect such revised balances based on the latest cost estimates. In 2006, the adjustments resulted in an aggregate decrease of $89 million in the ARO, a $29 million reduction in the asset base, a $12 million reduction in accumulated depreciation, and a decrease of $72 million in the originally recorded regulatory asset which TVA recorded in accordance with SFAS No. 71. In 2005, the adjustments resulted in an aggregate decrease of $25 million in the ARO,a $7 million reduction in the asset base, a $3 million reduction in accumulated depreciation, and a decrease of $21 million in the originally recorded regulatory asset.
Therefore, the result of the change described did not impact net income for 2006 and 2005.
In May 2006, the NRC granted a 20-year license extension for the operation of each of the 3 units at its Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant. The license extension changes the timing of certain cash flow estimates utilized by TVA in the determination of the Browns Ferry ARO. Accordingly, TVA made adjustments to the Browns Ferry ARO and related accounts to reflect the revised cost estimates. TVA previously calculated the Browns Ferry ARO utilizing two equally weighted sets of estimated cash flows; one set based on a 40-year license life and a second set based on a 60-year license life. The cash flow estimates represented by the 40-year life are no longer applicable.' The adjustments made are cumulative for the year and include reductions in the nuclear ARO of $153 million, a reduction in the incremental asset base of $31 million, a reduction in the asset's accumulated depreciation of $44 million, and a reduction in the regulatory asset of $166 million. The result of the changes described does not impact net income for any of the periods presented..
During 2005, TVA's total ARO liability increased $75 million due to accretion expense of $100 million, partially offset by the $25 million'revision in cash flows described above. The nuclear accretion expense of $87t million was deferred and charged to a regulatory assetin-accordancewith SFAS No. 71. The remaining accretion expense of $13 million, related to coal-fired and gas/oilcombustion turbine plants, was expensed in 2005. During 2006, TVA's total ARO increased,$128 million, net of all cumulative adjustments,due to combined accretion expense of $100 million and a recognition of a conditional ARO of $132 million and $138 million due to the application of FIN
.47 and SFAS 143, respectively, partially offset by~the $242 million inrevisions to the nuclear ARO. The nuclear accretion expense of $87 million was deferred and charged to a regulatory asset in accordance.with SFAS No. 71.
The remaining accretion expense of $13 million, related to coal-fired and gas/oil combustion turbine plants, was expensed in 2006.
Reconciliation of Asset Retirement Obligation Liability
-As of September 30 2oo06 20o05 Balance at beginning of year
$1,857
$1,782 Liabilities settled Accretion expense 100 100 Recognition of conditional asset retirement obligations 132 Revisions in estimated cash flows
(.J 104j (25)
Balance atend of year L1.98
- sz
- 5. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities Regulatory assets capitalized under the provisions of SFAS No. 71 are.included in DEFERRED NUCLEAR GENERATING UNITS and OTHER REGULATORY ASSETS on the September 30, 2006, and 2005 Balance Sheets.
Components of OTHER REGULATORY ASSETS include certain charges related to the closure and removal from service of nuclear generating units, debt reacquisition costs, deferred outage costs, unrealized losses. related to power purchase contracts,- deferred capital lease asset costs; a deferred loss relating to TVA's-financial trading program, and an adjustment to accrue the minimum pension liability. All regulatory assets are probable of recovery in future revenues. Components of Regulatory liabilities include unrealized gains on coal purchase contracts and capital lease liabilities. See Note 1 -
Cost-Based Regulation and Note 2.
The year-end balances of TVA's regulatory assets and liabilities are as follows:
Page 92 of 141
,TVA Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
~
As of September 30
."2006 2005 Regulatory Assets:
2006
-"2005 Minimum pension liability
$ 914
$ 1,158 Nuclear decommissioning cost6
" 474 716 Reacquisition costs 232 264 Deferred purchased power costs 6
Deferred outage costs 85 103 Capital leases, 76 84 Unrealized losses on purchased power contracts 22 42 Subtotal 1,809 2,367 Deferred nuclear generating units 3 521 3 912 Total S
$3 Regulatory Liabilities:
Unrealized gain on coal purchase contracts
$487
$791 Capital lease liability 88 106 Total 1-L.57.5
$8 TVA's accumulated pension 5eniefit obligation at September 30, 2006, and 2005, exceeded plan assets. As
'a result, TVA Was required to recognize an additional minimum pension liability as prescribed by SFAS No. 87, "Employers'Accouinting for Pensions." These future liension costs will be funded through a combination of-the pension investment funds already set aside by TVA,-future earnings on those pension investment funds, and, if recommended by the TVARS Board Under the rules and regulations of TVARS and approved by TVA, future TVA cash contributions to the pension plan which will be recovered in TVA's rates when incurred.
Nuclear decommissioning costs include certain deferred charges related to the future closure and decommissioning of TVA's nuclear generating units under NRC requirements and liability recognition under the accounting rules for asset retirement obligation. These future costs will be funded through a combination of investment fdnds already set aside by TVA, fdture earnings on those investment funds; and if necessary, additional TVA cash' contributions to the investment funds. -See Note I -
Investment Funds and Note 4.
Reacquisition expenses, call premiums, and other related costs, such as unamortized debt issue costs associated with redeemed Bond issues, are deferred under provisions of the FERC's Uniform System of Accounts Prescribed for Public Utilities and Licensees Subject to the Provisions of the Federal Power Act ("Uniform System of Accounts"). These costs are deferred and amortized.(accreted) on a straight-line basis over the weighted average life of TVA's debt portfolio.- (Even though TVA is hot a public utility subject generally to FERC jurisdiction, the TVA Act requires TVAto keep'abcoints in accordance with the requirements established by FERC.)
Deferred power purchase costs resulting from TVA's financial trading program represent unrealized gains and losses on futures and options at September 30, 2006. Theprogram is used to reduce TVA's economic risk exposure associated with electricity generation, pdrchases, and sales. Due to the implementation Of a fuel cost' adjustment mechanism to be effective October 1, 2006, TVA changed its accounting for these unrealized gains and losses as of September 30, 2006. Prior to this, gains and losses were reported on the income statement as an offset to purchased power. Unrealized losses as of September 30, 2006, were approximately $6 million. The new accounting treatment reflects TVA's ability and intent to recover the cost of these commodity contracts in future periods through the TVA Board approved fuel cost adjustment.
TVA's investment in the fuel used in its nuclear units is being amortized and accounted for as a component of fuel expense. See Note 2. Nuclear refueling outage and maintenance costs already-incurred are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period Until the next refueling outage. The amounts of deferred outage costs for 2006, 2005, and 2004 were $85 million, $103 million, and $86.million, respectively.
Page 93 of 141
Deferred capital lease costs represent the difference between FERC's Uniform System of Accounts model balances recovered in rates and the SFAS No. 13, "Accounting for Leases," model balances. Under the FERC Uniform System of Accounts, TVA recognized the initial capital lease~asset and liability at. inception of the lease in accordance with SFAS No. 13; however, the annual expense is equal to the annual lease payments, which differs from SFAS No. 13 accounting treatment. This practice results in TVA's capital lease assetbalances being higher.
than they otherwise would have been under the SFAS No. 13 model, with the difference representing a regulatory asset related to each capital lease. These costs are being amortized over the respective lease terms as lease payments are made.
Unrealized losses on a power purchase contract represent the'estimated unrealized loss related to the mark-to-market valuation of the contract. Under the accounting rules contained inmSFAS No.ý 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, -as amended," this contract qualifies as a derivative contract but does not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment. As a result, TVA recognizes the changes in the market value of this derivative contract as a regulatory asset.: This treatment reflects TVA's ability and intent to recover the cost of this commodity contract on a settlement basis for ratemaking purposes. TVA has historically recognized the actual cost of purchased power received under this contract in purchased power expense at the time of settlement. The contract expires in 2007. See Note 8.
In July 2005, the TVA Board approved the amortization, and inclusion into rates of, TVA's $3.9 billion investment in the deferred nuclear generating units at Bellefonte Nuclear Plant over a 10-year period beginning in 2006. The TVA Board determined that a ten-year recovery period would not place an undue burden on rates while still ensuring the probability of cost recovery during that ten-year period. SeeNote 2 -- Nuclear Power Program.
Regulatory liabilities accounted for under the provisions of SFAS No. 71 consist of'mark-to-market valuation gains on coal purchase contracts and capital leases.
Unrealized gains o~n,coal purchase contracts represent.he estimated unrealized gai.ns related to the mark-to-market valuation of coal purchase contracts. Under the accounting rules contained in SFAS No. 133, as amended, these contracts qualify as derivative contracts but do.not qualify for cash flow hedge accounting.treatment. As a-result, TVA recognizes the changes in the market value of these derivative contracts. as a regulatory liability. This..
treatment reflects TVA's ability and intent to recover the cost of these commodity contracts on a settlement basis for ratemaking purposes. TVA has historically recognized the actual cost of fuel received under these contracts in fu-el-expense at the time the fuel is used to generate electricity. These contracts expire at various times through 2017.
See Note8.
,8 As a result of a capital lease payment stream requiring larger cash payments during the latter years of the lease term than during the early years of the leaseterm, TVA levelized the annual lease expense recognition related to this lease in order to promote the fair and equitable cost recovery from ratepayers. These costs are being amortized over the lease term.
- 6. Asset Impairment, During 2006 and 2005, recognized a total of $9 million and $24 million, respectively, in impairment losses related to its PROPERTY,.PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT. The losses included a $2 million and.an $8 million.write-down in 2006 and 2005, respectively, of one of two buildings in TVA's Knoxville Office Complex based on quoted market price. TVA's plans to sell or leasethe East Tower.of the Knoxv.ille Office Complex-TVA also recognized a $7 million and a $16 mi!lion write-down in 2006 and 2005, respectively, of certain CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS.assets related.to new pollution-c ontrol and other technologies that had not been proven effective and a re-evaluation of other projects due to funding limitations.
- 7. Proprietary Capital.
I.:-,
Appropriation Investment TVA's power program.and stewardship program were originally funded primarily with appropriations from Congress. In 1959, however Congress passed legislation,that required TVA's power program to be self-financing.
from power revenues and proceeds.fromý power program financings. While TVA's power program did not directly receive appropriations after it became self-financing, TVA continued to receive appropriations for certain multipurpose activities as well as for its stewardship activities. TVA has not received any appropriations from Congress for any activities since 1999, and since that time, TVA has funded stewardship program activities primarily with power Page 94 of141
revenues in accordance with astatutory directive from Congress. The table below summarizes TVA's activities related to these funds. The balance.of the Congressional Appropriation Investment at September 30, 2006; is as follows:
Appropriations As 6f September-30 Power Stewardship Program Program Total.
Congressional appropriations and transfers of property from other federal agencies (net)
$1;443
.$9,622
$11,065 Program expenditures (5,221)
(5,221)
Less repayments to the U.S. Treasury (1,035 (46 (1,081t""
Total
_S S 4 63 Payments to the U.S. Treasury Section 15d of the TVA Act requires TVAto make annual payments to the U.S. Treasury from net power proceeds as a return on the net appropriation investment that Congress made in the power system and as a repayment of such investment, beginning in 1961.
TVA paid $20 million each year for 2006, 2005, and 2004 as a repayment of the Appropriation Investment.
In addition, of the $1-billion portion~of the Appropriation Investment TVA is obligated to repay,$150 million remains unpaid at September'30,2006. 'The payments required by Section 15d. may be deferred.under certain circumstances for not more than two years.
The amount of return payable-during.each year is based on the Appropriation Investment as of the beginning of that year and the computed average interest rate payable by the U.S. Treasury on its total marketable public obligations as of the same date. TVA paid.the U:S. Treasury $18-million in 2006, $16 million in 2005, and $18 million in 2004 as a return on the Appropriation Investment. The interest rate payable by TVA on the Appropriation Investment was 4.24 percent, 3.71 percent, and 3.82 percent for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income SFAS No.' 130, "Reporting`Cbmprehensive; Income," requires'the disclosure of comprehensive income or loss to reflect changes in capital that result from transactions and economic events from nonowner sources. The items included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consist of market valuation adjustments for certain derivative instruments (see Note 8). The accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2006, 2005 and 2004, was $43 million, $27 million, and $(52) million, respectively.
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Activity As of September 30 Accumulated'other comprehensive loss, October 1, 2003
$ (74)
Changes in fair value:
Inflation
.4 Foreign currency swaps 18 Accumulated other comprehensive loss, September 30, 2004 (52)
Changes in fair value:
Inflation, 4
Foreign currency swaps.
75 Accumulated other comprehensive income, September 30, 2005 27 S.Changes in fair value:
" Inflation
"(1-Foreign currency swaps
?. * "
,27 Accumulated other comprehensive income, September 30, 2006
$__A3 Note: Foreign currency swap changes are shown net of reclassifications from OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME to earnings.
Page 95of 141
TVA records exchange rate gains and, losses in debt and earnings and, marks its currency swap assets to.
market through other!comprehensive income. TVA then reclassifies an amount out of other comprehensive income, into earnings which offsets the earnings gain/loss from recording the exchange gain/loss on the debt. The amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income equaled a charge to earnings of $143 million in 2006, an increase to earnings of $61 million in 2005, and a charge to earnings of $148 million in 2004. These reclassifications, coupled with the recording of the exchange gain/loss on the debt, result in a net effect on earnings of zero for 2006, 2005, and 2004. Due to the number of variables affecting the future gains/losses on these instruments, TVA is unable to reasonably estimate the amount to be reclassified from other comprehensive income to earnings in future years.
- 8. Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions TVA is exposed to-various market risks. These market risks include risks related to commodity prices, investment prides, interest rates, currency exchange rates, inflation, and credit risk. To help manage certain of these risks, TVA has entered into various derivative transactions, principally commodity~option contracts, forward contracts, swaps, swaptions, futures, and options on futures. Following is a general overview of the accounting treatment for these derivative transactions as well as a more detailed discussion of certain of these derivative transactions. It is TVA's policy to enter into derivative transactions solely for hedging purposes and not for speculative purposes.
OvervieWv of Accounting Treatment Prior to October 1, 2000, TVA accounted for hedging activities using the deferral method, and gains and losses were recognized-in the financial statements when the related hedged transaction occurred. During 2001, TVA adopted SFAS 'No' 133, "Accounting fbr Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," asia'mended 'by SFAS No, 138, ý'Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities," and-SFAS No. 149, "Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities."
'The recorded amounts of certain derivative financial instruments are. as follows:
Mark-to-Market Values-of TVA Derivatives As of September30.-
2006 2006 Balance Sheet 2005 2005 BaIance Sheet 2006 Notional Year of Balance Presentation Balance Presentation Amount Expiration Inflation swap
$22 Other long-term assets
$17 Other long-term assets
$300 million 2007 Interest rate swap.
(131)
Other liabilities (158),
Other liabilities
$476 million 2044 Currencyaswaps:
Deutschemark.
(69)
Other long-term assets DM1.5 billion
.2006 Sterling 47 Other long-term assets 20 Othier long-term assets
£200 million 2021 Sterling
",.133 Other 16ng-term assets -
89 Otherlong-term assets
£250 m ili6n 2032 Sterling 66 Other long-term assets 36,.
Other long-term assets
£150 million 2043 Swaptions:
$1 billion notional (296)
Other liabilities (314)
Other liabilities
$1 billion.
2042
$28 million notional (3)
Otherliabilities (4)
Other liabilities
$28 million 2022
$14 million notional (2)
Other liabilities (2)
Other liabilities
$14 million 2022 Coal contracts with volume 487 Other long-term assets 791 -
Other long-term assets 115 million 2017 options
"° tons Purchase power option contracts (22)
Other liabilities (42)
Other liabilities 500 MW.
2007 In accordance with SFAS No. 133, as amended, the inflation and foreign currency swap contracts are accounted for on a mark-to-market basis and resulted in a gain of $170 million, $14 million, and $166 million for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Since these contracts represent cash flow hedges'of certain Bond transactions, the gains have been recognized in ACCuMuL"ATED OTHER COMPREHENSI(/E INCOME(Loss). Because of the highly effective hature of these hedging transactions, TVA was not required to recognize unrealized gains from these transactions in the Statements' of Income. If any loss/(gain) were to be incurred as a result of the early termination of the inflation swap contract or a foreign,currency swap contract, any resulting charge/(income) would, be amortized over the remaining life of the associated Bond as,a component of interest expense.
The inflation and foreign currency swap contracts are the only derivative transactions that receive hedge accounting treatment. Following is~a table that describesthe accounting treatment for these tran'sactions as well as a Page 96 ofl141,
table* that describes the accounting treatment for derivative transactions that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment:
- Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge'Accounting Treatment As of September 30, 2006 Derivative Hedging Instrument Inflation Swap Hedged Item Variable-principal debt
-Purpose of Hedge Transaction To fix the debt's variable cash flows to a fixed flow To protect against changes in cash flows caused by changes in foreign-currency exchange rates Type of Hedge-Cash Flow (CF)
CF Accounting for Derivative Hedging Instrument Cumulative unrealized gains and losses are recorded in OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Accounting for the Hedged Item No ýdjustmentlis made to the basis of the hedged item.
No adjustment is made to' the basis of the hedged item.
Currency Swaps Anticipated payment denominated in a foreign currency CF Cumulative unrealized gains and losses are recorded in
'OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME-and reclassified to earnings to the extent they are offset by cumulative gains ahd'losses on the hedged transaction.
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment As of September 30, 2006 Derivative Type
- CoalContracts withVollume Options P"rchase Power Option Contracts Interest Rate Swap Purpose of Derivative Acc6unting for Derivative Instrument To protect against fluctuations in market.
prices of the item to be purchased.
To protect against fluctuations in market prices of the item to be purchased To fix short-term debt variable rate to a fixed rate Gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities untilsettlement at which time they are recognized in fuel'and purchased power expense.
G ains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities until settlement at which time they are recognized ih fuel and purchased power expense.
Gains and losses are recorded in earnings'as unrealized gains/losses on derivative contracts.
Gains and losses are recorded in earnings as unrealized gains/klsses on derivative contracts.
Realized gains and ibsses ýre'recorded in earnings as purchased power expense; unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a regulatory asset/liability.
C Swaptions To protect against decreases in value of the embedded call Futures and Options on Futures.
To protect against fluctuations in the price of the item to be purchased Commodity Contracts_....
TVA enters into forward contracts that hedge cash flow exposures to market fluctuations in ihe price and delivery of certain commodities including coal, natural gas, and electricity. TVA expects to take or make delivery, as appropriate, under these forward contracts. Accordingly, these contracts qualify for normal purchases and normal sales accounting under SFAS No. 133, as amended.
Swaps To hedge certain market risks to which TVA is subject, TVA has entered into four currency swaps andone inflation swap. Each of these swaps is discussed in more detail below.
Currency Swaps. During 1996, TVA entered into a currency swap contract as a hedge for a foreign currency denominated Bond transaction. TVA~issued DM1..5 billion of. Bonds and entered into a currency swap to hedge fluctuations in the DM-U.S. Dollar exchange rate. The, overall effective cost to TVA of these Bonds and the.'.
associated swap was 7.13 percent. In 2006, the Bonds matured and the related swap agreement expired.
In addition, TVA entered into currency swap contracts during 2003, 2001, and 1999 as hedges for sterlingm denominated Bond transactions in which TVA issued £150 million, £250 million, and £200 million of Bonds, respectively. The overall effective cost to TVA of these Bonds and the associated swaps was 4.96 percent, 6.59 Page 97 of 141
percent, and 5.81,percent, respectively.: Any gains or.losses on the Bonds due to the foreign currency transactions are offset by losses or gains on the swap contracts. At September 30, 2006, and 2005, the currency transactions had resulted in net translation losses of $195 million and of $52 million, respectively, which are included IN CURRENT MATURITIES OF LONG-TERM DEBT, NET and LONG-TERM DEBT, NET., However, the net translation-losses were offset.by corresponding gains on the swap contracts, which are reported as a deferred asset.
Inflation Swap. In 1997, TVA issued $300 million of inflation-indexed accreting principal Bonds. The 10-year Bonds have a fixed coupon rate that is paid on the inflation-adjusted p'rincipal amount. TVA hedged its inflation exposure under the securities through a receive-floating, pay-fixed inflation swap agreement. The overall effective cost to TVA of these Bonds and the associated swap was 6.64 percent. On Sep.tember 21, 2004, TVA received a payment of $55 million from the swap counterparty representing the present value of the accretion as of that date.
The present value of the accretion is recorded as a long-term receivable on the September 30, 2006, and 2005 Balance Sheets. At the termination of the swap, TVA will receive the additional accretion from September 22, 2004, through the end of the swap.
Swaptions and Related Interest'Rate Swap TVA has entered into four s waption transactions to monetize the value of call provisions on certain of its Bond issues. A swaption essentially grants a third party the right to enter into a swap agreement with TVA under which TVA receives a floating rate of interest and pays the third party a fixed rate of interest equal to the interest rate on the bond issue whose call provision TVA monetized.
In 2002, TVA monetized the call provisions on a $1 billion Bond issue by entering into a swaption agreement with a third party in exchange for $175 million (the "2002 Swaption").
In 2003, TVA monetized the call provisions on a second Bond issue of $476 million by entering into a swaption"agreement with a third party in exchange for $81 million (the "2003 Swal5tion").
In 2005,TVA monetized the call provisions on two electronotes issues ($42 million-'total par value) by entering into swapti6h ýgreements with a third' party in exchange for $5 million (the "2005 Swaptions").
In February 2004, the counterparty to the 2003 Swaption transaction exercised its option to enter into a, swap with TVA, effective,April 10',2004, requiring TVAto make fixed rate payments to the counterparty of 6.875 percent and the counterparty tolmake floatihg payments to TVA based on London Interbank Offered Rate. These payments are based on a notional principal amount of'$476 million, and the parties began making these payments on June 15, 2004.
The 2002 Swap'tion is recorded in OTHER LIABILITIES on the September.30, 2006 Balance Sheet ard is designated as a hedge of future changes in the fair value of the original call provision. Under SFAS No. 133, as amended, TVA records the changes in market value of both the swaption and the embedded call. These'values historically have been highly correlated; however, to the extent that the values do not perfectlyoffset, any differences will be recognized currently through earnings. In the third quarter of 2006, the hedge related to the 2002 Swaption ceased to be effective and continued to be ineffective during the fourth quarter from an accounting perspective. As a result, TVA did not receive hedge accounting treatment on-the 2002 swaption for the last two quarters'of 2006.
Changes in the market value of the 2002 Swaption and the embedded call resulted in an unrealized noncash loss of
$43 million for the year-ended September 30, 2006;'.and an unrealized noncash gain of $27 million for the year-ended September 30, 2005.
The swap entered into pursuant to the 2003 Swaption and the 2005 Swaptions are also recorded in OTHER LIABILITIES on the September 30, 2006 Balance Sheet, and the changes in market value are recognized currently in earnings. TVA did not elect hedge accounting treatment for the 2005 swaptions. These changes amounted to a $28 million noncash gain for the year ended September 30, 2006, and a $19 million noncash loss for the year ended September 30, 2005.
Futures and Options on Futures In 2005, the TVA Board approved a'financial trading program under which TVA can purchase swaps,:
options on swaps, futures, and options on futures.to hedge TVA's exposureto-natural gas and fuel oil prices. At September 30, 2006, TVA had derivative positionsoutstanding under the program equivalent to about 1,158.
contracts, made up of 429 futures contracts and 729 swap futures contracts, with an approximate net market value of
$40 million. For the year ended Septem'ber 30, 2006,'TVA recognized realized losses of $24 million which were recorded as-an increase to purchased power expense. Unrealized l6sses at the end of the year were $6 million which TVA deferred as a regulatory asset in accordance with its 2007 Fuel Cost Adjustment recovery process.
Page 98 of 141
Accordingly, TVA will continue to defer all hedge program unrealized gains or losses and 'record only realized gains or losses as purchased power costs at the time the positions actually-settle.
Financial Trading Program Activity As of September 30 2006 !
.2005 Notional Contract Notional Contract
" Amount Amount (in mmBtu)
Value (in mmBtu)
Value Futures contracts, Financial positions, beginning of period, net Purchased Settled Realized (losses)/gains Net positions-long Swap Futures Financial positions, beginning of period, net Fixed Portion Floating Portion - realized Realized (losses)
Net positions-long Optionscontracts.
Financial positions, beginning of period,* net Calls Purchased Calls and puts sold Positions closed or expired Net positions-long 880,000 18,160,000 (14,750,000) 4,290,000
$9 146 (97)
(23)5
- 35 4,370,000 (3,490,000) 880,000 S 33 (27) 3 9.
1,977,500 (155,000) 1,822,500 240,000 (240.000).
12 (1)-
11-580,000 980,000
(
.1,.320,000)
- 240,000 1
$40*
Holding gains (losses)
Unrealized gain at beginning of period, net Unrealized(loss)/gain for the period Unrealized (losýes)/gains at end of period, net Financial positions at end of period, het 1'
(1i)-
1.
Sift 6112-son Concentration of Credit Risk. Seven customers, which represented an aggregate of 33 percent of TVA's total'power sales in 2006 and 2005, purchased power from TVA under contracts that requireeither five or 10 years' npotice to terminate. Outstanding accounts. receivable for these customers at September 30, 2006, were $561 million, or 42 percent of. total outstanding accounts receivable, and at September 30, 2005, were $399 million, or 39 percent, of tota! outstanding accounts receivable...
- 9. Debt Borrowing Authority
..o;.
I The TVAAct authorizes TVA to issue bonds, notes, and. other evidences of indebtedness ("Bonds") up to a total'of $30 billion outstanding at any one time. TVA must meet certain financial tests.that are contained in the,TVA Act and TVA's bond covenants. Debt service on these obligations, which is payable solely from TVA's net power proceeds, has precedence over payments to the U.S. Treasury. See Note 7-- Appropriation Investment. TVA Ponds are not obligations of the United States, and the United States does not guarantee the, payments of the principal of or the interest on Bonds.
Snort-Iermueo.
Deb The weighted average rates applicable to short-term debt outstanding in the public market as of September 30, 2006, 2005, and 2004, were 5.21 percent, 3.64 percent, and 1.70.percent, respectively. During 2006, 2005, and 2004, the maximum outstanding balances of TVA short-term borrowings held by the public were $2.8 billion, $3.1 billion, and $2.1 billion, respectively. For these same years, the average amounts (and weighted average interest rates) of TVA short-term borrowings were approximately $2.0.billion (4.47 percent), $2.1 billion (2.70 percent), and
$1.1 billion (1.14 percent), respectively.
TVA also has access to a financing arrangement with the U.S. Treasury whereby it is authorized to accept a short-term note with the maturity of 1 year or less in an amount not to exceed $150 million. TVA may draw any portion of the authorized $150 million during the year. Interest is accrued daily and paid quarterly at a rate Page 99 of 141
determined-by the United States Secretary of the Treasury~each'month basedon the-average rate on o!Jtstanding, marketable obligations of the United States with maturities, of one year or less.- During, 2006, 2005,,and. -2b04, the-
.daily average amounts outstanding (and average interest rates) were, approximately $131 million (4.33 percent), $103 million (2.46percent),.and $35 million (1.06percent), respectively:.-
In May 2006, TV A converted its $2.5 billion short-term revolving credit facility agreement with a national bank into two.$1C25billion short-term revolving-credit facilities with the same national bank. In order to provide greater flexibility goinrg,forward, TVA staggered the rmaturities of the two credit facilities to November 12, 2006, and May 16;,2007, respectively. See Note 4,6-- Sub sequent Events -
Revolving Credit Facility Agreement. The two facilities provide TVA with unsecured revolving lines of credit of up to $2.5 billion. The interest rate-oh any borrowing under either of these agreements is variable and based~on market factors and the ratirn' of TVA's senior unsecured long-term non-credit enhanced debt at the time TVA draw's on either facility. TVA is required to pay.an, unused facility fee on the portion of the total $2.5 billion against which TVA has not borrowed. This fee'mnayfluctuate depending upon the rating of TVA's sehior unsecured long-teem hon-credit enhanced debt. There wer"nob dutstanding borrowings under the facilities at September 30, 2006. TVA anticipates renewing each facility~from time to time.
Put and Call Options Bond issues of $2.2 billion held by the publid are redeemable in whole or in part, at TVA'sopion, on call dates ranging from the present to 2020 and at call prices ranging from 100 percent to 106 percent of the principal amount. Additionally, as of September 30, 2006, TVA had a Bond issue of $600 million which'matures in December 2016 and is redeemable in December 2006 at the 6ption of the bondholders. The Bobnd issue is' ep6rted in the debt schedule with a maturity date corresponding to the earliest redemption, date. Sixty-two Bond issues totaling $1.1 billion,, with maturity dates.rahhgingfrom 2008 to 2026, include a "survivor's option," which allow9 for rightof redemption upon the death bf a beneficial owner in certain specified circumstances. There is'ho'naccounting difference between a "survivor's option" put and a "regular" put on any TVA put bond.,.
Additionally, TVA has two issues of Putable Automatic Rate Reset Securities ('PARRS")"'outstanding. After a fixed-rate period of five years, the coupon rate on the PARRS may automaticayil be 'reset d6wnward under certain market conditions on an annual basis. The coupon rate reset on the TVA. PARRSisibased on-a calculation. For either series of PARRS, the coupon rate will reset downward on the reset date if the rate calculated is below the coupon rate on the Bond. The calculation dates, potential reset datesý and terms of the calculation, are different for each series.. The coupon rate on th'e 1998 Serie'6D 1,PARRS'r'ay'be reseb'on June'l (a hdually)if'the'sUmi of the five-day average of the' 30-Year Constant Maturity Treasury ("CMT" ) rat6 for the week'ehding the'last Friday in April;. plus 94 basis points, is below' the thien-current couponrrate. The coupdon'rate-.o-the 11999-Sedis' A PARRS may be'eset on May 1 (annually) if the sum of the five-dgayaveragetof hfie 30-Year CMT'rate for the'" e ending the lst Friday in March, plus 84 basis points, is below the then-current coupon rate. The coup6on rates may only-be reset'downiard, but investors may request to redeem their bonds at par value in conjunction with a coupon rate reset, for a limited period of time prior to the reset dates and under certain circumstances, Due to the contingent nature of the put option on the PARRS, TVA determines whether the PARRS should be classified as long-term debt or current maturitieS.of long-term debt by calculating the expected reset rate on the bonds. The expected reset rate is calculated using forward rates and the fixed spread for each bond issue as noted above. If the expected reset rate igIleýs'than the coupon on the bond, the PARRS are included in current maturities. Otherwise, the PARRS are included in long-term debt. At September 30; 2006, the expeted' resetf rate is higher than' the curren't coupon on ea6h isise of PARRS issue ', ther~fore the 'paratmount outstafndmglcla~ssfied 6s long-terri b
debt.
One. PARRS issde totals $466 rnillin, matures-in Ju re'2028-and h-ad its first re'sdet date irh! June 2003.'-The rate reset to 5.95 percernt fromni6.75 'percent in Jun6 2003, at which timeS$23 million6f tfe o'riginal'$57' rmillion of'the 1998 Series D PARRS were redeemed at par, and reset again to 5.49 percent-from -5.95 percent ih Juhe 2005V' at'.
which time $86 million of the 1998 Series D PARRS were redeemed at par. The second issue of PARRS totals $410 million, matures in May 2029, and had its first rate reset date in May 2004. The rate reset i-n May 20"04 to 5.62 percent from 6. 50 percent, and $115 millionrof the original $525 million 1999 Series A PARRS were redeemed at par.
q *,,.: * ;
r,,
DebtiSecunties Activity The:table below summarizes TVAs Bond activity for theperiod, from October' 1.2005, to Septemi-ber 30"'
2006.
F, N
Page 100 of 141
Debt Securities Activity from October 1, 2005 to September 30, 2006 Redemptions/Maturities:
electronotes First quarter Second quarter Third quarter Fourth quarter 2000E QUINTS 1998D PARRS 1995 Series A 1996 Series C 2003 Series B 2005 Series A Total Principal Amount 2006 2005 152 3
4
.4 1,000
' 28*
64*
$ 1.255
$49 19 37 27 1,000
$15 3
75 101 3
100 86 2,000
$ 2.368 25 105 20 500 1 000
$1650
$11 Issues electronotes First quarter Second quarter Third quarter Fourth quarter 2006 Series A 2005 Series A 2005 Series B Total Inflation indexed bond accretion Note
'Includes $13 million gain on redemption -
See Note 10.
Debt Outstanding Debt outstanding at September 30, 2006, consisted of the following:
'Short-Term Debt As of September 30 Call/(Put)
Coupon Date Rate 2006 2005 Par Par Amount Amount CUSIP or Other Identifier Maturity Discount Notes (net of discount)
Current maturities of long-term debt:
88059TAE1 88059TAJ0 88059TAZ4 88059TCM1 88059TCG4 880591CK6 880591 CM2 880591CS9 880591CQ3 880591 DS8 Current maturities of long-term debt Total short-term debt, net
$ 2,376
$ 2,469 06/15/2021 08/15/2021 05/15/201.7 10/15/2023 08/15/2018 04/01/2036 09/18/2006 04/01/2036 01/15/2007 12/15/2016 10/02/2005 10/02/2005 10/02/2005
' 10/02/2005 10/02/2005 (04/03/2006)
(04/03/2006)
(12/15/2006) 6.350%
. 6.100%
, 6.000%
5.625%
5.500%
5.980%
7.125%
5.880%
6.643%
4.875%
385 600 985
$-336-1 28 23 40 15 44 121 922 1,500 2 693 Pagel101ofl141l
Long-Term Debt'.
As of September 30
-Call/(Put)
Maturitv Date Coupon Rate 2006 2005 Par Par Amount Amount CUSIP or Other Identifier 880591 CQ3 880591 DS8 Maturing in 2007 88059TBQ3 88059TBS9 88059TCB5 Maturing in 2008 880591 DB5 88059TCW9 Maturing in 2009 88059TDP3 88059TDD0 Maturing in 2010 880591DN9 88059TDQ1 88059TDR9 Maturing in 2011 880591DL3 880591 DT6 88059TBH3 Maturing in 2012 880591CWO 88059TBR1 88059TBW0 88059TBX8 88059TCD1 880591 DW9 88059TCF6 88059TDS7 Maturing in 2013 88059TCL3 88059TCQ2 88059TBJ9 88059TBN0 88059TBY6 88059TDB4 880591 DY5 88059TDE8 88059TCH2 88050TBK6 88059tDH1 88059TBL4 88059TCR0 88059TDK4 88059TBU4 88059TCV1 88059TDN8 88059TCC3 88059TDT5 88059TCJ8 88059TDU2 88059TCS8 880591CU4 88059TCA7 88059TCE9 88059TCN9 88059TCT6 88059TCX7 88059TDF5 88059TDG3 88059TDJ7 01/15/2007 12/15/2016 6.643%
(12/15/2006) 4.875%
01/15/2008 01/15/2004 3.050%
01/15/2008 01/15/2004 3.300%
05/15/2008 05/15/2004 2.450%
11/13/2008 03/15/2009 5.375%
03/15/2005 3.200%
04/15/2010 04/15/2007 5.125%
06/15/2010 06/15/2006 4.125%
01/18/2011 05/15/2011 06/15/2011 05/23/2012 05/23/2012 09/15/2012 03/15/2013 01/15/2013 03/15/2013 03/15/2013 06/15/2013 08/01/2013 07/15/2013 07/15/2013 10/15/2013 12/15/2013 10/15/2014 12/15/2014 04/15/2015 04/15/2015 06/15/2015 07/15/2015 08/15/2015 10/15/2015 10/15/2015 11/15/2015 12/15/2015 12/15/2015 02/15/2016 02/15/2016 03/15/2016 06/15/2016 08/15/2016 09/15/2016 09/15/2016 01/15/2017 12/1 5/2017 05/15/2018 07/15/2018 11/15/2018 01/15/2019 03/15/2019 08/15/2020 09/15/2020 11/15/2020 05/15/2007 06/15/2007 09/15/2004 01/15/2005 03/15/2005 03/15/2004 06/15/2004 07/15/2005 07/15/2008 10/15/2005 12/15/2005 10/15/2004 12/15/2004 04/15/2005 04/15/2007 07/15/2007 08/15/2005 10/15/2005 10/15/2007 11/15/2005 12/15/2005 12/15/2006 02/15/2006 02/15/2006 03/15/2008 06/15/2006 08/15/2007.
09/15/2006 09/15/2007 01/15/2007 05/15/2004 07/15/2004 11/15/2006 01/15/2005 03/15/2007 08/15/2008 09/15/2008 11/15/2008 5.625%
5.250%
5:250%
7.140%
6.790%
4.375%
6.000%
4.375%
4.000%
4.250%
3.500%
4.750%
4.350%
5.625%
4.500%
4.700%
4.600%
5.000%
4.600%
5.000%
4.375%
4.500%
5.125%
5.050%
5.000%
4.800%
4.875%
5.375%
4.550%
4.500%
5.375%
3.875%
5.625%
4.950%
5.375%
5.000%
6.250%
4.750%
4.700%
5.125%
5.000%
4.500%
5.000%
4.800%
5.500%
10 40 40 90 2,000 30 2,030 21 42 63 1,000 6
9 1,015 29 1,486 10 1,525 1,359 14 23 13 12 990 17 9
2,437
.12 8
22 54 20 50 1,000.7 34 19 28 27 11 10 9
3 8
4 4
11 14 29 750 24 35 18 28 13 10 3
11 42 42 1,000 1,000 29 1,486 10 1,525 1,359 14 23 13 12 990 18 2,429 12 8
22 55 20 50 1,000 7
35 19 27 11 9
3 4
11 29 750 24 36 19 28 13 10 3
$ 370 600 970 10 40 41 91 2,000 31 2,031 Page 102 of 141
CUSIP or Other Identifier 88059TDL2 880591 DC3 88859TAN1 88059TAR2 88059TAX9 88059TBE0 88059TBM2 88059TBP5 88059TBT7 88059TBV2 88059TBZ3 88059TCK5 88059TCP4 88059TCU3 88059TCY5 88059TCZ2 88059TDA6 88059TDC2 880591CJ9 88059TDM0 880591300 2 8805914092 880591DM1 880591 DP4 880591 DV1 880591 DX7 880591 CK6 880591 CS9 880591 CP5 880591BL5 880591 DU3 880591CF7 880591DZ2 Maturing 2014-2056 Subtotal Unamortized discounts, premiums, and other Long-Term Debt, continued Calll(Put)
Maturity Date 01/18/2021 01/15/2009 06/07/2021 12/15/2021 12/15/2005 01/15/2022 01/15/2006 04/15/2022 04/15/2006 08/15/2022 08/15/2006 11/15/2022 11/15/2006 12/15/2022 12/15/2006 01/15/2023 01/15/2007 02/15/2023 02/15/2007 05/15/2023 05/15/2004 10/15/2023 10/15/2007 11/15/2023 11/15/2004 02/15/2024 02/15/2008 04/15/2024 04/15/2005 02/15/2025 02/15/2006 03/15/2025 03/15/2009 05/15/2025 05/15/2009 11/01/2025 02/15/2026 02/15/2010 Coupon Rate 5.125%
5.805%
6.000%
6.125%
6.125%
5.500%
5.000%
5.000%
5.000%
5.000%
5.125%
5.200%
5.250%
5.125%
5.375%
5.000%
- 5.000%
5.125%
6.750%
5.500%
5.490%
5.618%
7.125%
6.587%
4.700%
4.650%
5.980%
5.880%
6.150%
8.250%
4.962%
6.235%
5.375%
2006 Par Amount 5
374 25 28 14 28 11 20.
11 17 15' 14 12 9
14 18 6
14 1,350 7
466 410 1,000 468 472 436 121
.1,500 1,000 1,000 281 140 1 000 12 562 19,722 2005 Par Amount 352 25 28 14 29 11 20 12 18 15 14 12 9
15 19 6
14 1,350
.466 410 1,000 441 500 500 1,000 1,000 265 140 9 890 17,978 06/01/2028 05/01/2029 05/01/2030 07/07/2032 07/15/2033 06/15/2035 04/01/2036 04/01/2036 01/15/2038 04/15/2042 06/07/2043 07/15/2045 04/01/2056 04/15/2012 07/15/2020 (178)
(227)
LJ2.5 17 7JZ51 Total long-term debt, net Notes (1).
The above table includes net translation losses from currency transactions of $195 million and $52 million at September 30, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
(2)
TVA PARRS, CUSIP numbers 880591300 and 880591409, may be redeemed under certain conditions. See Note 9 -
Put and Call Options.
- 10. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Interest paid was $1,260 million in 2006, $1,351 million in 2005, and $1,382 million in 2004. This differs from interest expense due to the timing of payments and interest capitalized of'$163 million in 2006, $116 million in 2005, and $99 million in 2004 as a part of major capital expenditures.
TVA had non-cash activity related to financing activities on the 2005 Statements of Cash Flows related to a capital lease for BLEU fuel of $36.2 million. See Note 1 -
Blended Low Enriched Uranium Prograrh. In 2006 TVA had non-cash activity related to financing activities of $13 million related to a gain on the repurchase of Bonds.
- 11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments TVA uses the methods and assumptions described below to estimate the fair value of each significant class of financial instrument. The fair market value of the financial instruments held at September 30, 2006, may not be representative of the actual gains or losses that Will be recorded when these instrumenrts mature or if they are called or presented for early redemption.
Page 103 of 141
The estimated values of TVA's financial instruments at September 30 are as follows:
Estimnated Values of Financial Instruments As of September 30 2006 2005 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Value Amount Value Amount Cash and cash equivalents
$ 536
/
$ 536
$ 538
$ 538 Restricted cash and investments
- 198, 198 107 107 Investment funds 972 972 858 858 Loans and other long-term receivables 102 102 93 93 Short-term debt, net of discount.
2,376 2,376 2,469 2,469 Long-term debt (including current portion), net of dis6ount 20,529 22,037 20,444 22,552 Other financing obligations 1,108 1,108 1,143 1,143 Cash and Cash Equivalents, Short-Term Investments, and Shod.-Term Debt Because of the short-term maturity of these instruments, the carrying amount approximates fair value.
Restricted cash and investments' Because of the short-term maturity of these instruments, the carrying amount approximates fair value.
Investment Funds Information on investments by major type at September 30' is as follows:
TVA Investments By Type As of September 30 2006 2005 Securities held as trading
$ 966
$,853 Other 6
5 Total investment funds
$..972
%$858 Gains and losses on trading securities are recognized in current earnings. The gains and losses on the nuclear decommissioning trust are subsequently reclassified to a regulatory asset account in accordance with TVA's decommissioning accounting policy. See Note 1 -
Decommissioning Costs. The nuclear decommissioning trust had unrealized losses of $24 million in 2006, unrealized gains of $48 million in 2005, and $29 million in 2004.
Loans and Other Long-Term Receivables Fair val'us for loans and long'-term receivables are estimated by dete'rmining.the present value of future cash flows using a discounted rate equal to lending rates for.similar loans made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. The carrying amount approximates fair value.
Long-Term Debt.
Fair'value of long-termr' debt tradted in the public market is determined* by miultiplying the par value of the Bonds by the indicative market price at the Balance Sheet date.
Other Financing Obligations In 2003, 2002, and 2000, TVA received approximately $325 million, $320 million: and $300 million, respectively, in proceeds by entering into.lease/lea'seback transactions for-24 new peaking combustion turbine units.
TVA also received approximately $389 million in proceeds `b, entering into a lease/leaýeback transaction for qualified technological equipment and software in 2003. Due to the nature of the transactions, the carrying amount of the obligation and the fair market value are equal. At September 30, 2006, and 2005, the total balances of the obligations were $1,108 million and $1,143 million, respectively.
Page 104 of 141
Due to TVA's continuing involvement inthe operation and maintenance of the leased units and equipment, and its control over the distribution of power produced by the facilities during-the leaseback term, TVA.accounted for the respective lease proceeds of $714 million, $320 million, and $300 million as financing obligations as required in accordance with SFAS No. 66, 'Accounting for Sales of Real Estate," and SFAS No. 98, "Accounting for Leases."
Accordingly; the outstanding lease/leaseback obligations of $1,108 million at September 30, 2006, and-$1,143 million at September 30, 2005, are included in CURRENT PORTION OF LEASE/LEASEBACK OBLIGATIONS ($37 million and $35, million, respectively).and LEASE/LEASEBACK OBLIGATIONS ($1,071 million and $1,108 million, respectively) in TVA's 2006 and 2005 year-end Balance Sheets.- ý.
- 12. Benefit Plans Overview
- TVA sponsors a' defined benefit pension plain that covers most of its full-time employees, an unfunded postretirement medical plan that provides for non-vested contributions toward the cost of certain retirees' medical coverage, and other postemployment benefits such as workers' compensation. During 2006, 2005, and 2004, TVA Srecognizedpension expense of $244 million, $243 million, and $178 million, respectively, postretirement benefit' expense of $58 million, $46 million, and $36-million (which includes $7 million in Special termination costs),
respectively,, and $44 million7 $71 million; and $66 million of postemployment benefit expense, respectively. TVA's reported cost!.of'providing these benefits are impacted by numerous factors including the provisions of theplans, changing employee demographics' and-various assumptions, the most significant of which are described below.
Discount Rate. In selecting an assumed discount rate, TVA reviews.market yields on high-quality corporate debt and long-term obligations of the U.S. Treasury. Based on recent market-trends, TVA increased its discount rate from 5.81 percent and 5.38 percent at the end.of 2004 and 2005,' respectively, to 5.90 percent at the end of 2006.
Health Care Costs. TVA reviews actual recent cost trends and projected future-trends in establishing health care cost trend rates. Based on this review process, TVAdid not reset its health care cost trend rate assumption used in calculating the 2006 accumulated postretirement benefit obligations. The assumed health care. trend rate used for 2006 is 8.5 percent which-represents a one-half percent reduction to the 9.0 percent trend rate used during 2005. Prior to 2006, TVA used a health Care cost trend rate of.9.0 percent during each of the four prior years. The
,Ž2006 health care cost4rend rate of 8.5 percent is assumed to gradually decrease each successive year until it r...reaches a fivepercent annual increase in.health care costs in the year beginning October 1, 2013, and beyond.
Rate of Return. In determining its expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, TVA reviews
.past long*term performahee, asset allocations, and long-term inflation assumptions. TVA utilized a rate:of return of
- 8.00'perceht during,2003 in the aftermath of the market declines of 2002 and 2001. TVA increased its expected.lqng-term rate of return on-pension plan assets to 8.25 percent at the end of 2004 and'2005. However,'TVA has.
increasedits expected rate of return to 8.75 percent at the end of 2006 based on revisions to future expected returns as provided by third.party professional asset managers.
'Actuarial Assumptions. TVA utilizes professional actuaries to perform valuation services related to theareas
. of pension, postretirement, and postemployment benefits. Net periodic pension cost is determined using i `, "
assumptions.as of the beginning of each year. Funded status isdetermined usingassumptions a's.of the end of each year. The valuations performed at the end of 2006 were based on applications of actuarial assbumotions that were consistent for all of TVA's benefit plans.
Pension Benefits. TVA sponsors a defined benefit plan for most of its.full-time employees.that provides.two
.:benefit structures: the Original Benefit Structure and the Cash Balance Benefit Structure. The plan is controlled-and administered.by-.a legal entity separate from TVA, the TVA Retirement System("-.VARS"), which is governed by its
-own independent board of directors. The plan assets are primarily stocks and bonds. Upon notification by the TVARS :'Board. of a:recommended contribution for the next fiscal year, TVA'determines.whether to make the, recommended contribution or any contribution that may be required by. the Rules and Reguilations of TVARS,.
The pension benefit for a member participating in the Original Benefit Structureis based on the'member's years of creditable service, the member's average base pay for the highest three consecutive years, and the pension rate for the member's age and years of service, less a Social Security offset. The pension benefit for a member participating in the Cash Balance Benefit Structure~is based on credits accumulated. in the member'slaccountand the member's age. A member's account receives credits each pay period equal to 6.0.percent of.his or her straight-time earnings. The account also increases at an interest rate equal to the changein the Consumer Price lndex,("CPI")
-plus 3.0 percent, with the provision that the rate may not be less than 6.0 percent or more than 10.0 percent. -The Page 105 of 141
actual change in the CPI for 2006 and 2005 was 3.37.percent and 3.00 percent, which resulted in interest rates of
.6.37 percent and 6.00 percent, respectively.
Members of both the Original Benefit Structure and the Cash Balance Benefit Structure can also become eligible for a vested supplemental pension benefit based on age and years of service, which is designed to help retirees offset the cost of medical insurance. -TVARS also administers.a defined contribution plan, a 401(k) plan to which TVA makes matching contributions of 25. cents on the, dollar (up to 1.5 percent of. pay) for members,.
participating in the Original Benefit Structure and of 75 cents on the dollar.(up to 4.5 percent of pay) for members participating in the Cash Balance Benefit Structure. TVA made matching contributions of about $19 million to the plan during 2006, $17 million during 2005, and $16 million during'2004.
Pension Results Effective for the end of year measurement date and the'calculation of funded status, the discount rate was increased from 5.38 percent for 2005 to 5.90 percent for 2006. The cost of living rate was adjusted upward from the 2005 rate of 2.50 percent to 3.0 percent for 2006.to reflect current market.and demographic conditions. Additionally, TVA continued to use its assumption related to mortality based on results-of an experience study performed.during the prior year which underlies the use of 1983 mortality tables. Based or~the use of'the assumptions described, the projected benefit obligation ("PBO) at.September 30, 2006,increased approximately $167 million,.cbmpared to the PBO at September 30, 2005. The PBO increased a total of $167 million comprised, in part, of an increase of $163 million due to normal operation of the plan (primarily in the form of service cost and interest accruals), a decrease of
$170 million in the PBO due to changes in the discount rate (from 5.38 percent to 5.90 percent) and changes in the cost of living assumptions (from 2.5 percent to 3.0 percent), and incurred liability losses of $173 million related primarily to more-than-assumed early retirements. The assumptions used in the 2006 end-of-year~actuarial valuation process had no effect on pension costs for 2006, 2005, or 2004. 'The accumulated benefit obligation at September 30, 2006 and September 30, 2005 was $8:2 billion and $8.0 billion, respectively.
Other Postretirement Benefits TVA sponsors an unfunded postretirement plan that. provides for non-vested.contributions toward the cost of certain retirees' medical coverage. This plan formerly covered all eligible retirees participating in the TVA medical plan, and TVA's contributions were a flat dollar amount based on the participants' ages and years-of service and certain payments toward the plan costs. This plan now operates on a much more limited basis, covering only certain retirees and surviving dependents who do not qualify for TVARS benefits, including the vested supplemental pension benefit.
The initial annual assumed cost trend for covered benefits was 8.5 percent in 2006,decreasing by one-half percent per year to a level of 5.0 percent beginning on October.1, 20.13, and thereafter. For 2005 and 2004, annual trend rates of 9.0 percent and 9.0-percent, respectively-were assumed. The effect of the change in assumptions on
- the cost basis was not significant. Increasing/(reducing) the.assumed health-care cost trend rates by one percent.
would increase/(reduce) the accumulated 'postretirement benefit obligation ("APBO") as of September 30, 2006; by
$61 million/($65 million) and the aggregated service and interest cost components of net periodic postretirement.
benefit cost for 2006 by $4 million/($5 million). The weighted average discount rate used in determining the end-of-year APBOwas 5.90 percent for 2006, 5.38 percent~for 2005,.and 5.81 percent for 2004. Any net unrecognized gain or loss resulting from experience different from that assumed or from changes in assumptions, and. exceeding ten.
percent of the APBO, is amortized over the average remaining service period of active plan participants.
Based on the use of the assumptions described, the 2006 APBO for postretirement benefits decreased approximately $93 million. The change in the obligation was comprised of a $16 million increase due'to'normal operation of the plan (primarily in:.the form of service cost and interest accruals) and a decrease of $109 million due to
,other actuarial and experiende adjustments including gains and losses..The.$109, million decrease in the obligation is comprised of two components.. The first component of the actuarial and experience adjustments is comprised of an actuarial gain of approximately $30 million related to the actuarial discount rate which was.increased to 5.90 percent in 2006 from 5.38 percent in 2005. The second component includes a combined-gain of approximately $79 million due to actuarial gains resulting from claims experience more favorable than expected combined with a reduction in expected plan retiree medical'credits.
- .The set of assumptions used for the end-of-year actuarial valuation process had no effect on postretirement.
benefit costs for 2006, 2005, or2004 but, when coupled with further experience adjustments related to claims and.
contributions, is expected to decrease postretirement benefits expense for 2007 by approximately $16 million,.
compared to 2006. TVA expects 2007 postretirement health care cost to approximate $42 million, a decrease.of $16 million over 2006 costs.
Page 106 of 141
Components of Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits The components of pension expense and other postretirement benefits expense for the years ended September 30 were:
Components of Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Pension Benefits Other Postretirement Benefits 2006 2005 2006 2005 Change in benefit obligation Benefit obligation at beginning of year
$8,433
$7,754
$ 544
$ 447 Service cost 127 117 9
6 Interest cost 440 428 29 25 Plan participants' contributions 35 41 64 63 Amendments, including special events Actuarial loss 3
489 (108) 91
-Net transfers from variable fund/401(k) plan 9
24 Expenses paid (4)
(4)
Benefits paid (443)
(416)
(87)
(88)
Benefit obligation at end of year
$8600
$3-433
$-45-1 Change in Plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
$7,015 -
$6,415 Adjustment to reconcile to system asset value Actual return on plan assets 641 962 Plan participants' contributions 35 41 64 63 Net transfers from variable fundi401(k) plan 9
24.
Employer contributions 75 53 23 25 Expenses paid (4)
(4)
Benefits paid (443).
(416)
(87)
(88)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
$732$
$$0.--
Funded status
$(1,272)
$(1,418)
$(451)
$(544)
Unrecognized net actuarial loss 1,275 1,554 113 237 Unrecognized prior service cost
,275.-
311 39 44 Unrecognized transition obligations Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost
$_i L442 Amount recognized on balance sheet Prepaid benefit cost Accrued benefit liability (903).
(1,010)
(299)
(263)
Other long-term asset 275" 311 Accumulated other comprehensive income reclassified to regulatory assets 906 1,146 Net amount recognized S2Z5
$_AAZ Weighted average assumptions as of September 30 2006 2005 2006 2005 D Disc6unt rate 5.90%
5.38%
5.90%
5.38%
Expected return on plan assets 8.75%
8.25%
NA NA Rate of compensation increase 3.3% - 10.1%
3.3% - 10.1%
NA NA Initial health care trend rate NA NA-8.50%
9.00%
Ultimate health care trend rateNA NA 5.00%
5.00%
Ultimate trend rate is reached in year beginning.
NA NA 2013 2013 Page 107 of 141
Components of Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, Pension Benefits Other Postretirement I
Benefits 2006 2005 2004 2006 2005 2004 Components of net periodic benefit cost Service cost Interest cost Expected return on plan assets Amortization of prior service cost Amortization of transition obligation Recognized net actuarial loss Net periodic benefit cost Special events Total benefits cost Weighted average assumptions used to determine expense Discount rate Expected return on plan assets.
Rate of compensation increase Initial health care trend rate Ultimate health care trend rate Ultimate trend rate is reached in year beginning
$127 440 (490) 36 131 244
$117 429-(457) 36 118 243
$112 406 (464) 36 88 178 S244*
$24a
$475
$9 28 NA 5
16 58 S-5a 5.38%
NA NA 9.00%
5,00%
2013
$6
$5 25 18 NA NA 5
5 10 1
46 29 7
$_46
$36
'5.81%,
6.00%
NA NA NA NA 9.0%
8.50%
5.00%
5.00%
2012 2010 5.38%
8.25%
3.3%-10.1%
NA NA NA 5.81%
8.25%
3.3%-10.1%
NA NA NA 6.00%
8.50%
3.3%-10.1%
NA NA NA Sensitivity to the Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates for 2006 1% Increase 1% Decrease Effect on total of service and interest cost components Effect on end-of-year accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 4
61 (5)
(65)
Estimated FutureBenefit Payments Pensihn Other 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012-2016
$534,125
$544,053
$559,152
$572,454
$584,788
$3,160,924
$21,715
$24,016-
$26,116
$28,073
$30,140
$159,368 Plan Investments Investments held in the TVA Retirement System. are stated at fair value, which is determined, by the Trustee of the pension trust fund.
The TVA Retirement System, a separate legal entity governed by its own board of directors, administers TVA-sponsored retirement plans. The TVA Retirement System targets an asset allocation for its pensidn.'plai assets of approximately 60 percent equity securities and 40 percent fixed income securities. Pursuant to its allocation policy, the asset allocations are to be comprised of approximately 45 percent U.S. equities, of wvhich'five percIent may be private equity or other similar alternative investments; 40 percent fixed income, of which ten percent may be high yield securities; and 15 percent'non-U.S. equities. The TVA Retirement System's policy includes a permissible three percent deviation from these target allocations. The TVA Retirement System Board can take action, as appropriate, to rebalance the system's assets consistent with the asset allocation policy. For 2006, the asset holdings of the System included equities of about 59 percent (comprised of U.S. equity holdings of about 41 percent, non-U. S.
equity holdings of about 15 percent, and private equity holdings of about three percent), plus fixed income securities of about 41 percent. For 2005, the asset holdings of the System included equities of about 61 percent (comprised of Page 108 bf 141
- U.S. equity holdings of about 43 percent, non-U.S. equity holdings of about 16 percent, and private equity holdings-of about two percent), plus fixed income securities of about 39 percent.
Plan Contributions TVA contributed $75 million to its qualified pension plan in 2006, and $53 million in 2005. For 2007, TVA plans to contribute $90 million to its retirement plans.
Other Non-Qualified Retirement and Deferied Compensation Plans In 1995, TVA established a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") to provide additional benefits to specified individuals in addition to those available under the qualified pension plan because of Internal Revenue
'Service ("IRS") limits applicable to qualifiecd plans. The SERP funds are invested in securities generally designed to achieve a return in line with overall equity market performance. The nature of these investments comprises commingled funds. Commingled funds are similar in nature to a mutual fund. Investments held in the SERP are stated at fair value, which is determined by the trustee of the fund. TVA has historically funded the annual calculated expense. Due to the immaterial amounts related to the SERP, TVA has elected to not make full SFAS No. 132R disclosures, but rather has disclosed amounts related to recorded balances and expense as determined through the application of SFAS No. 87, Employers' Accounting for Pension." As of and for the year ended September 30, 2006, TVA recognized certain amounts related to the plan including plan assets in trust of $30 million, a regulatory asset of
$7 million, an intangible asset of $5 million, an estimated accrued and minimum pension plan obligation of $38 million, expense of $7 million, and current year gains on plan assets of $2 million, of which $0.6 million was realized.
In addition, $3 million in benefit payments were made from the plan during the year, and TVA made con tributions of
$1'3 million to the plan. As of and for the year ended September 30, 2005, TVA recognized certain amounts related to the plan including plan assets in trust of $17 million, a regulatory asset of $12 million, an intangible asset of $1 million, an estimated accrued and minimum pension plan obligation of $35 million, expense of $6 million, and current year gains on plan assets of $1 million of which all was realized. In addition, $2 million in benefit payments were made from the plan during the year. TVA did not make contributions to the plan during 2005.
'Other Postemployment Benefits Other postemployment benefits include workers' compensation provided to former or inactive employees and their beneficiaries and covered dependents for the period after employment but before retirement. TVA employees injured in work-related incidents are covered by the TVA's workers' compensation program for federal employees administered through the" Department of Labor by the Office of Workers' Compensation ProgramsI
("OWCP") in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Employees' Compensation Act ("FECA"). FECA provides compensation benefits to federal employees for permanent and temporary disability due to employment-related injury or disease.
Postemployment benefit cost estimates are revised to properly reflect changes in actuarial assumptions m~de at the endof the year. For 2006,-TVA has determined to utilize a discount rate of 4.64 percent representing the risk-free rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury Constant Maturities rate for a 10 year maturity. Use of the 10 year maturity corresponds to calculated average durations of TVA's futureestimated postemployment claims payments.
The use of a 4.64 percent discount rate resulted in the recognition of 2006 annual expense of approximately $44 million and an unpaid benefit obligation of about $413 million at year end. TVA~utilized a discount rate of 4.34 percentand 5.75 percentin 2005 and 2004.respectively. The changes in 2006 assumptions had no effect on postemployment expense for 2005 and 2004.
"' Medicare. Prescription Drug Improvement and. Modernization Act of 2003 In, 2006, Medicare began providingprescription drug coverage to Medicare-eligible. beneficiaries under
-Medicare Part. D. Under.the Medicare Prescription Drug; Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, which created Medicare Part D, employers that provide retiree prescription drug coverage, which is "actuarially equivalent" to -
standard coverage under'Medicare Part D, may receive retiree drug subsidies for retirees who enroll in the employer's retiree prescription drug plan instead of Medicare Part-D. TVA determined that its retiree.prescription drug coverage did not qualify for retiree drug subsidy and accordingly has not included or utilized any manner of subsidy in-the determination of APBO or postretirement benefit cost, for the current or prior periods., in accordance with.the requirements contained within the FASB Staff Position ("FSP"), FSP FAS 106-2,,"Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003." After analyzing a number. of options available to plan sponsors for integration with the new Medicare. Part D, TVA elected to provide an employer-sponsored Part D prescription drug plan ("PDP'!), with alternative coverage over and above.
Medicare standard Part D coverage, for Medicare-eligible retirees who participate in TVA's Medicare sipplement. By Page 109 of 141
providing an employer-sponsored PDP, any Medicare *subsidies will be passed through to retirees in the form of lower participant premiums and should not affect TVA's cost ofproviding prescription drug coverage.
- 13. Commitments and Contingencies Commitments As of September 30, 2006, the amounts of contractual cash commitments maturing in each of the next five years and beyond are shown below:
Commitments Payments Due in the Year Ending. September 30 2007 2008 "
2009
'2010 2011 '
Thereafter Total Debt
$3,361
$90
$2,030
$63
$1,015"
$16,329
$22,888" Leases Non-Cancelable Operating 45...
41 26 12 4
7 1"35 Capital 63 59 57
'57 30 6
272 Power purchase obligations' 205 146 148 152 154 3,549 4,354 Purchase Obligations Fuel purchase obligations 1083' 509 496 400 249 278 3,015 Other obligations 199
' 111 5
3 2
-7 327 Total'
$4956
$956 "2762
%145
$2017 IB291 Does not include noncash items of foreign currenry valuation loss-of $195 million and net discount on sale of bonds of $178 million..
Under the terms of an interagency agreement, DOE and other third-party nuclear fuel processors provide nuclear fuel materials and process the materials into usable fuel for TVA nuclear reactors. In exchange, DOE will participate to a degree in the savings generated by TVA's use of this ble'nded nuclear fuel product. TVA anticipates these future payments could begin in 2009. At September 30, 2006, TVA has accrued an obligation of $2 million related to the portion of the ultimate future payments estimated to be attributable to the BLEU fuel currently in use.
In addition to the cash requirements above, TVA has 'contractual obligations in the form of revenue discounts related to energy prepayments. See Note 1 -
Energy Prepayment Obligations.
Energy Prepayment Obligations Payments Due in the Year Ending September 30 2007 2008 2009
'2010 2011 Thereafter Total Energy Prepayment Obligations
$A06
$jfl5 Sj05 G$405
$105 '
$=
$ 1244 Debt. At September. 30, 2006, TVA had outstanding discount notes of $2.4 billion and, long'-term debt (including current maturities) at varying maturities and interest rates of $20.5 billion for total outstanding indebtedness of $22.9 billion. See Note 9.
Leases. TVA leases certain property; plant, and equipment under.agreements with terms ranging from one to 30 years. Obligations under capital lease agreements in effect at September 30, 2006, totaled $63 million for 2007; $59 million for 2008, $57 million for 2009, $57'million for 2010, $30 million for 201 Vand an aggregate of $6 million thereafter, for a total commitment of $272 million. Of this amount, $55 million represents the cost of financing.
Obligations under non-cancelable operating lease agreements (primarily related to facilities and equipment) in effect at September 30,.2006, total $45 million for 2007, $41 million for 2008, $26 million for 2009, $12 million for 2010; '$4 million for 2011, and $7 million thereafter for a total commitment of $135 million.
Power Purchase Obligations. TVA has contracted with various independent power producers and power.
'distributor customers for additional-capacity to be made available to TVA. In total, these agreements provide 4,275 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity and 29 megawatts of capacity from-renewable resources that are not included in the determination of'winter net dependable capacity. The total financial commitment for'non-renewable contracts'is approximately $4.3 billion. As of-September 30, 2006, counterparties to contracts for 3;008 megawatts of this capacity were in bankruptcy, but the counterparties have continued to perform under their power purchase Page 110 of 141
-agreements with TVA throughout their bankruptcy proceedings. Costs under TVA's power purchase agreements are included in the Statements of Income for.2006, 2005, and 2004 as FUEL AND PURCHASED POWER expense and are expensed as incurred in accordance with the, normal purchases and sales exemption described in SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended.
Under the Public.Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 as amended by the Energy Policy Acts of 1992 and 1995, TVA is obligated to purchase power from qualifying facilities; At September 30, 2006, there were.seven suppliers, with a combined capacity of 906 megawatts, which qualify under this program.
TVA also has an agreement with the Southeastern Power Administration to receive 405 megawatts of net.
dependable capacity from the Cumberland River Basin Projects for use in the TVA system. TVA receives a yearly energy allocation of 607,500 megawatt hours which is based on the reserved capacity. Once this allocation is exceeded, TVA is assessed an 'additional energy charge for the excess generation received based on rates as specified in the Federal Register.
In addition, under arrangements among TVA, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Southeastern Power Administration ("SEPA"), eight hydroelectric plants of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers onthe Cumberland River system are operated in coordination with the TVA system. These arrangements provide for 405 megawatts of winter net dependable capacity as well as all surplus energy from the Cumberland River system to be supplied to TVA by SEPA at the points of generation at a price.based on the operating and maintenance expenses and-amortization, of the power facilities. The agreement with SEPA covering these arrangements for power from the Cumberland River system can be terminated upon three years' notice, but this notice of termination may not become effective prior to June 30, 2017.2 Fuel Purchase Obligations. TVA has approximately $1.5 billion in long-term fuel purchase commitments ranging in terms of up to four years for the.purchase and transportation of coal and approximately $1.5 billion of long-term commitments ranging in terms of up to ten years for the purchase of enriched uranium and fabrication-.of nuclear fuel assemblies.,.
Other Obligations: Other obligations of.$327 million consist of contracts as of September 30, 2006, for goods and services primarily related to capital projects as-well as other major recurring operating costs. TVA has:
approximately $234 million in long7term construction, commitments consisting primarily of the construction of generating assets. (including Browns Ferry Unit 1), and emission control equipment. In addition to construction commitments, TVA is committed under various other contracts for recurring goods,and services of $93 million with.
terms extending into 2010.
Bear Creek Dam..Bear Creek Dam is experiencing foundation problems as evidenced by seepage through
.the fou0dation of the dam: The environmental and engineering study to identify a long term solution for the-Bear Creek Dam leakage problem is continuing.
y Bondholder Protection Test. The TVA Act and the Basic Bond Resolution each contain a bondholder protection test. Under this test,.TVArmust, in each successive five-year period beginning October 1, 1960, use an amount ofnet power. proceeds at least equal to the'sum of:
depreciation accruals and other charges representing the amortization of capital expenditures; and the net proceeds from any disposition of power facilities; For either the reduction of its capital obligations (including Bonds and the Appropriation, Investment); or investment in power assets.
TVA must next meet this test for the five-yearperiod ending on September 30, 2010..
Tritium-Related Services. In December 1999, TVi/ý and the DOE entered into a long-term interagency agreement under which TVA will utilize Watts Bar and Sequoyah, Nuclear Plants to.irradiate-tritium-producing burnable absorber rods to assist the,DOE in producing triitium, which is used in nuclear weapons. This agreement, which ends in 2035, requires the DOE to reimburse TVA for the costs that TVA incurs in connection with providi ng irradiationservices and to pay TVA an irradiation seryices fee at a.specified rate per tritium-producing rod over the entire operating cycle in which the tritium-producing rods are irradiated.
Page 111 of 141
-In September 2002, the NRC issued amendments to the operating licenses for the Watts Bair and Sequoyah Nuclear Plants, allowing TVA to provide irradiation services for the DOE at these plants. The Watts Bar license* -,,
amendment currently permits TVA to install up to 240 tritium-producing rods in the WattsBar Unit 1. Planned future license amendments would allow TVA to irradiate up to approximately 2,000 tritium*-producing rods'in the Watts Bar reactor.
In general, tritium-producing rods are irradiated for a full cycle, Which lasts.about 18 months.! At the end of.
the cycle, TVA removes the irradiated rods and loads them into a shipping cask. DOE then ships them to the its tritium-extraction facility. TVA loads a fresh set of tritium-producing rods into the reactor during each refueling outage. Irradiating the tritium-producing-rods does not affect TVA's ability to operate the reactors to produce electricity..
TVA began irradiating',tritium-producing rods at Watts Bar Unit 1 in the fall of 2003. TVA-removed these rods from the reactor in the spring of 2005. DOE subsequently successfully shipped them to its tritium-extraction-facility. At this time, no tritium-related services have been scheduled at the Sequoyah Nuclear Plant.
Contingencies
- NuclearInsurance. The Price-Arnderson Act provides a layered framework-of protectioh.to compensate for' losses arising from a nuclear event. For the first layer, all NRC nuclear plant licensees, including TVA, purchase
$300 million of nuclear liability insurance from American Nuclear Insurers ("ANI") for each plant with an operating license. The second layer, the Secondary FinancialProgram ("SFP"), would come from an'assessment of up to $1.01 million from the licensees of each of the 104 NRC licensed reactors in the United States. The assessment for any nuclear accident would be limited to $15 million per year per reactor. ANI, under a contractwith the-NRC, administers the SFP. With its six licensed units, TVA could be required to pay a maximurri of-$604'million per nuclear incident, but it w6uld have to pay no more than $90 million per incident in any one year. When the contributions of the nuclearplant licensees are-added to the insurance proceeds of,$300 million, over $10.7 billion would be.
available. Under the Price-Anderson Act, if the first two layers are exhausted, Congress is required to take action to provide additional funds to cover the additional losses.
TVA carries property, decommissioning, and decontamination insurance of $4.2 billion for its licensed nuclear 1lants, with up to $2.1 billion available for a loss at any one site to cover the cost of stabilizIing or shutting down a reactor after an -accident. Sortie of this insurance may require the payment ofretrospective premiurhs Up to a maxirfium of approximately $64 million.
TVA purchases accidental outage (business interruption) insurance for TVA's nuclear sites from Nuclear E'lectric'Insurance Limited ("NEIL").- Inthe'event that an accident covered by this policy takes a nuclear' unit offline or keeps aý nuclear uh'it offline, NEIL will pay TVA, after a waiting period, an indeninity (a set dollar anmount per'week) up to a maximum indemnity of $490 million per unit. This insurance policy may reqIire the payment 6f retrospective';
premiums up'to a maximum of approximately $23 million.
- Decommissionirng' Costs. Provision for decommissioning costs of nuclear generating units is based on -
options prescribed by NRC procedures to dismantle and decontaminate the facilities to meet NRC criteria for license termination.
TVA recognizes as incurred all obligations related to closure and remo*,al'of its nuclear units: The liability for closure is measured as the present value of the weighted estimated cash flows required to satisfy the related obligation and discounted at the credit adjusted rate of interest in effect at the time the liability was actually incurred or originally accrued, and subsequently modified to comply with the prevailing accounting provisions. The charge to recognize the kdditionalobligation is effected by adjusting the corresponding regUlatory asset'. 'Earnings from decommissioning fund investments, amortization expense of the decommissioning regulatory asset, and interest-expense on the decommissioning liability are deferred in accordance with SFAS No. 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation." AtSeptenrbier 30, 2006, the present valub of the estimated future decommissioning cost of $1.5 billion was included in ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS, and the unamortized regulatory asset of $474 million was-included in OTrHER REGULATORY ASSETS. This decommissioning-cost estimate is basedon amiounts prescribed by the NRC for removing a plant from service, releasing the prdperty-for unrestricted use, alnd terminating the o pratirig license. 'The actual decommissioning costs may vary from the derived estimates because of, among other'things, changes in theassumed dates of decommissioning, changesin regulatory requirements, changes in tedhnology, and-changes in the cost of labor, Materials, and'equipment. Utilities that own and operaten,huclear-plants are required to use different procedures in calculating nuclear decommnissioning costs unde( SFAS-No. 143 than, 'I those that are used in calculating nuclear decommissioning costs when reporting to the NRC. Accordingly, the two sets of procedures produce different estimates for the costs of decommissioning. See Note 4.
Page 112 of 141r
TVA maintains a nuclear decommissioning trust to provide money for the ultimate decommissioning of its nuclear power plants. The fund is invested in securities generally designed to achieve a return in line with overall equity market performance. The assets of the fund are invested in debt and equity securities and certain derivative instruments. These derivative instruments are used across,various asset classes to achieve a.desired investment structure and are comprised of 2,343 contracts. These contracts include futures, options on futures; and. swap agreements. Investments held in the decommissioning fund are stated at fair value, which is determined by the Trustee of the fund. Futures and options on futures positions are marked to market on a daily basis. The swap
,agreements are marked to market on a monthly basis. The assets of the fund as of September 30, 2006, totaled
$937 million including total gainslof $101 million of which a loss of $24 million was unrealized. The assets of the fund as of September 30, 2005, totaled $835 million including total gains-of $115 million of which $48. million was unrealized. The balance as of September 30, 2006 is greater than the present value of the estimated future nuclear decommissioning costs. TVA monitors the monetary value of its nuclear decommissioning trust and believes that, over the long term and before cessation of nuclear plant operations and commencement of decommissioning activities, adequate funds from investments will be available to supportdecommissioning. TVA's nuclear power units are currently authorized to operate until 2020-2036, depending on the unit. It may be possible to extend the operating life of the units with approval from the NRC.
On May 3, 2006, the NRC approved TVA's application for license extension at each of TVA's three Browns Ferry units. As a result of the NRC's action,.each unit's license has.been extended 20 years. The license extension has the effect of improving the funded status of TVA's nuclear decommissioning trust versus the present value of the estimated decommissioning costs by (1) extending the decommissioning dates of the three Browns Ferry units and thereby pushing the decommissioning liability for these units further into the future and (2) extending the investment, horizon for the assets in the trust. This had the effect of reducing the present value of the estimated future decommissioning costs by approximately $500 million. Because of the improved funded status of the trust due to the license extensions, the $25 million TVA contribution budgeted for 2006 was not made.
Environmental Matters. TVA's activities are subject to certain federal, state, and local environmental statutes and regulations. Major areas of regulation affecting TVA's activities include air quality control, water quality control, and management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes. Some of the more comprehensive requirements which TVA is required to comply include:
The Clean Air Act ("CAA") and the Clean 'Air' Interstate Rule ("CAIR") and.Clean Air Mercury Rule
("CAMR")
The Clean-WaterAct and regulations underSections 316a and 316b The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act ("CERCLA")
TVA has incurred and continues to incur~substantial capital and operating and maintenance costs in order to comply with evolving environmental requirements. Many of these costs are associated with the operation of TVA's 59 coal-fired generating units. -While it is. not possible to predict how these evolving requirements will impact the operation. of existing and new coal-fired and, other'fossil-fuel generating units, it is virtually certain that environmental requirements placed on the operation of these generating units will continue to become more restrictive. Litigation over emissions from coal-fired generating units is also occurring, including litigation against TVA. See Legal Proceedings below.
The total cost of compliance with futureclean air regulations beyond CAIR and CAMR.cannot reasonably be determined at this time because-of the unknowns and uncertainties surrounding emerging EPA regulations,. resultant compliance.strategiesthe potential for the development of. new emission control technologies, litigation, and future amendments to the Clean Air Act. However, TVA does estimate that spending on. emission.controls for CAIR and CAMR into the next decade could cost between $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion. There could be other substantial costs if reductions of carbon dioxide are mandated. Predicting how and when carbon dioxide may be regulated is very difficult, even more so than the future regulation of other substances. TVA will continue to monitor this issue and will assess and respond to potential financial impacts as they become more certain.'
TVA's total cost related to emission reduction regulatory programs for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and particulates from 1977 through 2010 is expected to reach $5.8 billion, $4.6 billion of which had already been spent as of September 30, 2006. (The cost estimates for complying with CAIR and CAMR, above, are in.addition'to these costs.) Increasingly stringent regulation of some or all of these substances will continue~to result in significant capital and operating costs for coal-fired generating-units, including those operated by TVA.
Liability for releases, and cleanup of hazardous substances is regulated by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, among others, and similar state statutes. In a manner similar to many other industries and power systems, TVA has generated or used hazardous substances over the Page 113 of 141
years. TVA operations at some TVA-owned facilities have resulted in releases of hazardous substances and/or oil which require cleanup and/or remediation. TVA also is aware of alleged hazardous-substance releases at 10 non-TVA areasfor which it may have some liability. TVA has reached agreements with EPA to settle its liability at two of the non-TVA areas for a total of less than $0.1 million. There have been no recent assertions of TVA liability for six of the non-TVA areas, and (depending on the site) there is little or no known evidence thatTVA contributed any significant quantity of hazardous substances to these six sites. There is evidence that TVA sent materials to the remaining two non-TVA areas. The information necessary to estimate the total cleanup costs, and most of the evidence that might be used to estimate TVA's allocated share of such costs and evaluate the likely effectiveness of TVA's potential defenses either have not been developed and/or are under the control of parties other than TVA.
Consequently, TVA is unable at this time to estimate its liability related to these sites.
As of September 30, 2006, TVA's estimated liability for environmental cleanup for those sites for which sufficientinformation is available to develop a cost estimate (primarily the TVA sites) is approximately $23 million on a non-discounted basis and is included in OTHER LIABILITIES on the BalanceSheet.
Legal Proceedings TVA is involved in various claims' amounting to approximately $54 million incidental to the conduct of its business for which'it has assessed the likelihood of gain or loss. The claims, grouped by likelihood of loss, include (1) claims recorded by TVA in the amount of $28 million representing probable losses of $27 million and losses deemed reasonably possible of $1 million, and (2) claims of about $26 million for which a determination of loss cannot be made at this time.
Economy Surplus Power Case On August 31, 1999, suit was filed against TVA in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama by Birmingham Steel Corporation, on behalf of itself and a class of TVA industrial customers who contracted for economy surplus power. While Birmingham Steel Corporation was the original class representative, it filed for bankruptcy and was excluded from the class. Johns Manville Corporation was substituted as the class representative. The lawsuit alleges that TVA-overcharged for economy surplus power during the summer of 1998 by improperly including some incremental costs when calculating the price of economy surplus power. Theclass members seek over $100 million in damages. On April 18, 2006, the district court ruled on motions for summary judgment filed by both sides. The court'held that TVA improperly included charges for approximately,500 hours0.00579 days <br />0.139 hours <br />8.267196e-4 weeks <br />1.9025e-4 months <br /> of power purchased in advance and breached the contracts. The court rejected TVA's position'that the additional price charged for all hours represented' actual incremental costs incurred by'TVA in supplying economy surplus power and thus was an appropriate part of the economy surplus power contract price. The court granted theplaintiffs' motion for summary judgment on liability, even though it acknowledged that there are disputed factual issues as to TVA's defenses. TVA filed a motion seeking permission to take an' interlocutory, appeal of the court's ruling on summary judgment. On July 31, 2006, the district court reconsidered its decision on summary judgment with respect to TVA's affirmative defenses and held that TVA is entitled to a trial on its affirmative defenses.. A mediator has been selected and the parties anticipate engaging in mediation in December 2006. Trial on TVA's affirmative defenses and the class members"damages is scheduled for February 5, 2007.
Case Against TVA and 22 Electric Cooperatives On December 2, 2004, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, dismissed a lawsuit filed by John McCarthy, Stan Cooper, Joe Sliger, Mike Bell, Don Rackley, Terry Motley, Billy Borchert" Jim Foster, and Ryan Hargis on behalf of themselves'and all others similarly situated against TVA and the Middle Tennessee Electric Membership Cooperativej Appalachian Electric Cooperative, Caney Fork Electric Cooperative, Inc., Chickasaw Electric Cooperative, Cumberland Electric Membership Corporation,- Duck River Electric Membership Corporation, Fayetteville Public Utilities, Forked Deer Electric Cooperative, Inc., Fort Loudoun Electric Cooperative, Gibson Electric Membership Corporation,' Holston Electric Cooperative, Inc., Meriwether Lewis Electric Cooperative, Mountain Electric Cooperative, Inc., Pickwick Electric Cooperative, Plateau, Electric Cooperative, Powell Valley Electric Cooperative, Sequachee Valley Electric Cooperative, Southwest Tennessee Electric Membership Corporation, Tennessee Valley Electric Cooperative, Tri-County Electric Membership Cooperation, Tri-State Electric Membership Cooperation, Upper;Cumberland Electric' Membership Corporation, and Volunteer Energy Cooperative.
The lawsuit in part challenged TVA's practice of setting rates for electric power charged by distributor customers through TVA's contracts with distributor customers. In granting the.defendants' motions to dismiss, the court held that the claims alleging violations of state law failed because the plaintiffs (consisting of Tennessee residents and customers of certain of the cooperatives) had not completed the steps necessary to bring these claims in court. With respect to the claim against TVA, the court held that the alleged violations of federal law failed as a matter of law because Congress had specifically authorized TVA to set the rates* charged by distributor customers through TVA's contracts with distributor customers. The plaintiffs appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
("Sixth Circuit"), and on October 17, 2006, the Sixth Circuit affirmed the district court's decision, and held, among Page 114 of 141
other things, that TVA's rates were not subject to judicial review and that TVA is not subject to antitrust liability when doing so would interfere with TVA's purposes.:
Global Warming Cases On July 21, 2004, two.lawsuits were filed against TVA in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that global warming is a public nuisance and that carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel electric generating facilities should beordered abated because they contribute to causing the nuisance. The first case was filed by various states (California, Connecticut, lowaNew Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin) and the City of New York-against TVA and otherpower companies. The second case, which alleges both public and private nuisance, was filed.against the same defendants by Open Space Institute, Inc., Open Space Conservancy, Inc., and the Audubon Society of New Hampshire. 'There are no Clean Air Act requirements limiting carbon dioxide emissions, and, accordingly, the suits do not involve allegations of regulatory noncompliance. The plaintiffs-do not seek monetary damages, but instead seek a court order requiring each defendant to cap its carbon dioxide emissions and then reduce' these emissions by an unspecified. percentage each year for at least a decade: In September 2005, the district court dismissed both lawsuits because they raised political questions that should not be decided by the courts. The plaintiffs appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ("Second Circuit"). Oral argument was held before the Second Circuit on June 7, 2006, and the parties are awaiting a decision.
Case Involving Modifications to the Colbert Fossil Plant The National Parks Conservation Association, Inc. ("NPCA"), and Sierra Club,' Inc. ("Sierra Club"), filed suit on February 13, 2001, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, alleging that TVA violated the Clean Air Act and implementing regulations at TVA's Colbert Fossil Plant ("Colbert"), a coal-fired electric generating facility located in Tuscumbia, Alabama. The plaintiffs allege that TVA made major modifications to one of the power generating units, specifically Colbert Unit 5, without obtaining preconstruction permits (in alleged violation of the Prevention of Significant Deterioration ("PSD") program and the Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR")
program) and without complying with emission standards (in alleged violation of the New Source Performance Standards ("NSPS") program). The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief; civil penalties of $25,000 per day for each violation on or before January 30, 1997, and $27,500 per day for each violation after that date; an order that TVA pay up to
'$100;000 for beneficial mitigation projects; and costs of litigation, including attorney and expert witness fees. On November 29, 2005, the district court held that sovereign immunity precluded the plaintiffs from recovering civil penalties against TVA. On January 17, 2006, the district court dismissed the action, on the basis that plaintiffs failed toprovide adequate notice of NSPS claims and that:the statute of limitations curtailed the.PSD and NNSR claims.
The plaintiffs appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit ("Eleventh Circuit") on January 25, 2006. Briefing of the appeal to the Eleventh Circuit was completed in July 2006.. Oral argument of the appeal is
'scheduled for January 11, 2007: If the decision is reversed on appeal, there is a reasonable possibility that TVA will be ordered to install additional controls on Colbert;Unit 5.
Case Involving Modifications to Bull Run Fossil Plant The NPCA and the Sierra Club filed suit against TVA on February 13, 2001, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, alleging that TVA did not comply with the New Source' Review requirements of the Clean Air Act when TVA modified its Bull Run Fossil Plant ("Bull Run"), a coal-fired electric generating facility located in Anderson County, Tennessee. In March 2005,.the district court granted TVA's motion to dismiss the lawsuit on statute of limitation grounds. The plaintiffs' motion for reconsideration was denied, and they appealed to the Sixth Circuit. Amicus curiae briefs supporting the plaintiffs' appeal have been filed by New York, Connecticut, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Kentucky, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania.
Several Ohio utilities filed an amicus curiae brief supporting TVA. Briefing of the appeal to the Sixth Circuit was completed in May 2006. Oral argument was held on September 18, 2006, and the parties are awaiting a decision.
Case Involving Opacity at Colbert.
On September 16, 2002, the Sierra Club and the Alabama Environmental Council filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama alleging that TVA violated Clean Air Act opacity limits applicable'to Colbert between July 1, 1997, and June 30, 2002. The plaintiffs seek a court order that could require TVA to incur substantial additional costs for environmental controls, and pay civil penalties of up to approximately $250 million.
After the court dismissed the complaint (finding that the challenged emissions were within Alabama's two percent de minimis rule, which provided a safe harbor if emissions did not exceed allowable opacity limits by more than two percent each quarter), the plaintiffs appealed the district court's decision to the Eleventh Circuit. On November 22, 2005, the Eleventh Circuit affirmed the district court's dismissal of the claims for civil penalties, but held that the Alabama de minimis rule was not applicable because Alabama had not yet obtained EPA approval of that rule. The case was remanded to the district court for further proceedings, and the plaintiffs'filed a motion for summary judgment. On May 23, 2006, the district court issued orders staying the matter until a decision is issued in a Clean Air Act case accepted by the Supreme Court, United States v. Duke Energy; referring the action to mediation to be completed before the close of business on December 15, 2006, unless the district court extends the deadline; and Page 115 of 141
denying as moot the plaintiffs' motions to hold TVA liable (with.leave to file again, if necessary, after the stay is lifted).
On May 26, 2006, the plaintiffs asked the district court to reconsider its orders, and in the alternative to allow an interlocutory appeal, and on July 5, 2006, the district court denied plaintiffs' motion. The parties participated in mediation on September 7, 2006, and for several weeks thereafter. The case remains stayed.
Case Brought by North Carolina Alleging Public Nuisance On January 30, 2006, North Carolina's Attorney General filed suit against TVA in the United States District Court for
- the Western District of North Carolina alleging that TVA's operation of its coal-fired power plants in Tennessee, Alabama, and Kentucky constitute public nuisances. On April 3, 2006, TVA moved to dismiss thesuit on grounds that the case is not suitable for judicial resolution because of separation of powers principles, including the fact that these matters are based on policy decisions left to TVA's discretion in its capacity'as a government agency and thus are not subject to tort liability (the "discretionary function doctrine"), as well as the Supremacy Clause. In July 2006, the district court denied TVA's motion, and set the trial for the term of court beginning October 2007. On August 4, 2006, TVA filed a motion requesting permission to file an interlocutory appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (the "Fourth Circuit") which the district court-granted on September 7, 2006. On September 21, 2006, TVA petitioned the Fourth Circuit to allow the interlocutory appeal. The Fourth Circuit has granted the petition and set a briefing schedulelwith briefing to be completed in January 2007. The district court did not stay the case during this appeal, and trial remains scheduled for October 2007.
Case Involving North Carolina's Petition to the EPA In 2005, the State of North Carolina petitioned the EPA under Section 126 of-the Clean Air Act to impose additional emission reduction requirements for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by coal-fired power plants in 13 states, including states where TVA's coal-fired power plants are.located. In March 2006, the EPA denied the North Carolina petition primarily on the basisthat the Clean Air Interstate Rule remedies the problem. In June 2006, North Carolina filed a petition for review of EPA's decision with the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
Case Arisinq out of Hurricane Katrina In April 2006, TVA was added as a defendant to.a class action lawsuit brought in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi by 14 residents of Mississippi allegedly injured by Hurricane Katrina: The plaintiffs sued seven large oil companies and an oil company trade association, three large chemical companies and a chemical trade association, and 31 large companies involved in the mining and/or burning of coal, including TVA~and other utilities: The plaintiffs allege that the defendants' greenhouse gas emissions contributed to global warming and were a proximate and direct cause of Hurricane Katrina's increased destructive force. The plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages among other relief. TVA has moved to dismiss the complaint on grounds that TVA's operation of its coal-fired plants is not subject to tort liability due to the discretionary function doctrine.
Claim Involving Areva Fuel Fabrication OnNovember.9, 200.5, TVA received two invoices totaling $76 million from Areva ("Areva") and an affiliated company, the successor of Babcock and Wilcox Company ('B&W"). In 1970, TVA and B&W entered into a contract for fuel fabrication services for its Bellefonte Nuclear Plant. Areva's invoices are based upon its belief that the 1970 contract required TVA to buy more-fuel fabrication services from B&W.than TVA actually purchased. A meeting was held between TVA and Areva on May 31,.2006, to discuss the issue. TVA subsequently received a letter from Areva which reasserted its claim, but reduced the value of the claim to $26 million. Areva has not provided any further information concerning the claim nor has it explained the reason. for the reduction in the claim amount.
Notification of Potential Liability for Ward Transformer Site TVA has been notified by one of the parties involved with clean-up of the Ward Transformer ("Ward") Superfund Site, a facility located in Raleigh, North Carolina, that it considers TVA a potentially responsible party ("PRP") and intends to. pursue a claim against TVA. Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
("CERCLA"), any entity which arranges for disposal of a CERCLA hazardous substance at a site may bear liability for the cost of cleaning up the site. There is evidence that TVA sent transformers~to Ward that contained Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Several responsible parties have entered into a settlement agreement with EPA to clean up on-site o,
.contamination at the site, and the cost of the.,on-site cleanup is currently estimated to be $20 million. EPA is also investigating off-site contamination from Ward operations, but TVA has no information as to the estimated costs, if any, of cleaning up off-site contamination. ]It is unknown at this time what level of liability, if any, TVA will have in these matters, whether it will be required to contribute, and, if so, how much such a contribution would be.
TVA is engaged in various administrative and legal proceedings arising from employment disputes. These matters are governed by federal law and involve issues typical of those encountered in the ordinary course of.
business of a utility. They may include allegations of discrimination or retaliation (including retaliation for raising nuclear safety or environmental concerns), wrongful termination, and failure to pay overtime. Adverse outcomes in Page 116 of 141
these proceedings would not normallli'be material-4-&,TVA's business,'although it iý 'possible that some outcomes could require TVA to change how it handles certain personnel matters or operates its plants.,,..
- it is not possible to redict with certainty whethere-TVA will incurany liability or to estimate the damages, if any, thatTVA.might incur in connection with the lawsuits and claims described above except as specifically noted.
TVA has recognized charges to earnings and actual costs,: including legal fees and expenses, related to litigation. No assurance can be given that'-TVA.will not be subject to sigiificant additional claims and material additional liabilities.
If actual liabilities significantly exceed the estimates made, the results of operations,.liquidity, and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, "Accounting f& Contingencies,"
TVA has accrued approximately $28 million as of September 30, 2006, related to the cases described above.
TVA is a wholly-owned corporate agency of the federal government, and because of this relationship, TVA's revenues and expenses are included as part of the federal budget. TVA's purpose and responsibilities as an agency are described under the "Other.Agencies' section of the federal budget. Although TVA's Bonds are not guaranteed by federal goveirnment, they ale included in the'federal budget. TVA's Bonds are supported solely by the net power proceeds of the TVAp6owersystem.
TVA currently receives no appropriations from Congress and funds its business using internally generated power system revenues, power finarncihs, and other reVenues."tVA is a. source.of cash to the federal government.
Until TVA meets its remaining obligtion to4pay $150'million, of the'government's Appropriation Investrhent under the self-financing amendment to the TVA Act, TVA will continue to repay a portion of the government's investment in the TVA power system. TVA will also continue to pay a return on the outstanding balance of this investment indefinitely.
See Note 7 -
Appropriation Inv.estment. In the normal course of business, TVA contracts with other federal agencies. for sales of electricity,and othr, servjqes. Transactions with agencies of the federal government were as follows:
- i*
,I Related Party Transactions For the years ended, or as of September 30
_.o 2006.
2005 2004' Sales of electricity services
$181
$168 t153 Other revenues 24 15 16 Other expenses 226 222 202 Receivables at September 30 21 26 18 Payables at September 30 123 131 203 Return on appropriation investment (Note 7) 18 16 18 Repayment of appropriation investment (Note 7) 20 20 20
- 15. Unaudited Consolidated Quarterly Financial Information A summary'of the unaudited quarterly results of operations for the years 2006 and 2005 follows. It should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements appearing herein. Results for interim periods may fluctuate as a result of seasonal weather conditions, changes in rates, and other factors.
2006 (in millions)
First Second Third Fourth Total Operating revenues
$2,052
$2,048
$2,250
$2,835
$9,185 Operating expenses 1,827 1,766 1,874 2,115 7,582 Operating income 225 282 376 720 1,603 Income before cumulative effect of accounting changes (53) 14 162 315 438 Cumulative effect of accounting changes (109)
(109)
Net (loss)/income
$(53)
$14
$162
.$206
$329 Pagel117 dfl141
Unaudited Consolidated Quarterly Financia! Information 2005 (in millions)
First Second Third Fourth Total Operating revenues
$1,834
$1,839
$1,881
$2,240
$7,794 Operating expenses*
1,435.
1,562.
L. 1,553 1,;953 6,503 Operating income' 399'
.277 328 287 1,291 Net income (loss)
$90
$(2 4(24)
-$(15)
$34
$85
- 16. Subsequent Events.
Debt Securities In October 2006, TVA issued $9 million of electronotes with an interest rate of 5.5 percent which mature.in 2027 and are callable in 2011.
New Generation,
The TVA Board, during its Odtob.er 13, 2006, meeti ng, auth'6rized the acqdisition of a 742*megawatt Winter peaking capacity, dual-fuel, combustion turbine electric generating facility and certain related trahsmission facilities from KGen Marshall County LLC, located in Marshall County, Kentucky.
In November 2006, the TVA Board approved the acquisition:of:a natural.gas-fired combustion turbine facility located in Weakley County, Tennesse6; from AlleghenyEnergy Supply Gleason Generating Facility, LLC. This facility can produce 555 megavwatts of winterpeaking capacity.
Revolving Credit Facility Agreement In November 2006, TVA ren'ewel ýthe crtedit facility'With the No'erfmbler 12, 2006,- maturity date. The new' maturity date for this credit facility is November 11, 2007. The terms are similarto those in the credit facility maturing on May 16, 2007..
Customers On December 7, 2006, Warren Rural Electric Cooperative Corporation announced its intention to withdraw its notice to terminate its existing power contr~ct with TVA.
A Page 118 of 141,
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Board of.Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority:
In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheets and the related statements of income, of changes in proprietary capital and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Tennessee Valley Authority at September 30, 2006 and 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule appearing under Item15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related financial statements.
These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in note 1 to the financial statements, effective September 30, 2006, Tennessee Valley Authority adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations--an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Knoxville, Tennessee December 14, 2006 Page 1191of 141
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND: DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE During 2006, there were no changes in or disagreements with TVA's independent auditors on accounting matters or financial disclosure.
Pagel120of 141
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES TVA maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms including controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information, is accumulated and communicated to TVA management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Disclosure Control Committee, and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required: disclosure.
An evaluation has been performed under the supervision of TVA management and members of the Disclosure Control Committee (including the Interim Chief Financial Officer and the Vice President and Controller) of the effectiveness of TVA's disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2006. Based on that evaluation, members of the Disclosure Control Committee (including the Interim Chief Financial Officer and the Vice President and Controller) concluded that, as a result of two material weaknesses identified (described below), TVA's disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2006. However, to assess the financial statement impact of these internal control deficiencies, TVA performed additional analyses, interim supplemental procedures, and monitoring activities subsequent toyear end. As a result of these supplemental procedures, the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Interim Chief Financial Officer, and the Vice President and Controller have determined that there is reasonable assurance that the financial statements included in this Annual Report fairly present, in all material respects, TVA's financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows as of, and for, the periods presented.
TVA management has identified a material weakness in internal controls related to TVA's end use billing arrangements with wholesale power customers. Under these arrangements,'TVA relies on the distributor customers to calculate major components of their own power bills. TVA requested annual Statement on Auditing Standards,
("SAS") 70 Type II internal control reports on 12 specific control objectives from distributor customers and their third party billing processors. Based~on the evaluation of these SAS 70 Type II reports, TVA determined that distributor customers who representa material amount of TVA's 2006 revenue either had qualified opinions and/or internal control test results that negatively impact their ability to meet TVA's control objectives. However, subsequent to year end TVA has also performed additional revenue analysis by comparing various metrics from billing.data fordistributor customers with similar characteristics and benchmarking those with control weaknesses against those with strong controls. As a result of this analysis, TVA has determined that reported revenues are not materially misstated.
TVA management has also identified a material weakness related to controls over the completeness, accuracy, and authorization of TVA's property; plant, and equipment transactions and balances; the calculation of the allowance for funds used during construction ("AFUDC"); and the review of construction work-in-progress ("CWIP")
accounts for proper closure to completed plant. To remediate this control weakness, TVA has developed a new process for project approval to include the determination of proper project cost classification and has made changes in staffing for fixed asset accounting. TVA is also formalizing the accounting review of account balances and transactiors and improving the documentatiorn of management review and approval. TVA has completed a full review of the 2006 CWIP accounts in question ahd has taken corrective action to ensure the accurate disposition of the costs. Additional analysis has also been performed to ensure that property, plant, and equipment is: hot materially misstated.
Except for theefforts'taken and currently Underway as described above,.there have been no changes in TVA's internal control over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably~likely to mraterially affect, TVA's internal control over financial reporting.
TVA management believes that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and inistances of fraud, if any, within a company can be detected.
TVA's controls and procedures can provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the objectives will be met.. It should be-noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION Not applicable.
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PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT Directors Prior to March 31, 2006, TVA was administered by afull-time board of three persons appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate, although there were only two Board members in office during almost the entire first six months of 2006.
The ConsolidatedAppropriations Act, 2005 included provisions that resulted in the restructuring of the TVA Board and the appointment of a Chief Executive Officer. The legislation restructured the TVA Board by increasing the number of directors from three full-time members to nine part-time members. As with the previous TVA Board structure, members are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. Following a transition period, members will serve five-year terms. The Chairman.of the TVA Board is selected by the members of the TVA Board.
i On March 31, 2006, six new directors were sworn in, joining William W.: Baxter and Skila S. Harris as members of the TVA Board. The six new directors are: William B. Sansom, elected to serve as.Chairman, Dennis C.
Bottorff, Donald R. DePriest, Robert M. Duncan, Howard A. Thrailkill, and Susan Richardson Williams. A ninth director, Bishop William Graves, was sworn in as a director of TVA on October 10, 2006.
The TVA Board at December 15,.2006, consistedof the following individuals with their ages and terms of' office provided:
Directors Age Year Appointed Year Term Expires William B. Sansom, Chairman 65 2006 2009 Bishop William Graves 70 2006 2007 Susan Richardson Williams
' 61
- 2006' 2007 SkilaS. Harris 56 1999 2008 Donald R. DePriest 67 2606 2009 Howard A. Thrailkill 67 2006 2010 William W. Baxter 53 2001 2011 Dennis C. Bottorff 62 2006 2011 Robert M. Duncan 55
- 2006, 2011 Mr. Sansom of Knoxville, Tennessee, joined the TVA Board in.March 2006 and was elected Chairman by the TVA Board in March.2006. He is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The H.T. Hackney Co., a diversified,
,company involved in wholesale grocery, gas and oil, and furniture manufacturing, and has held that position since 1983. Since 1995, Mr. Sansom has also been a director of Astec Industries, Inc., a corporation based in Chattanooga, Tennessee, that manufactures equipment and components used in road construction, and since 1984, he has been a director at First Horizon National Corpor ation, a Memphis, Tennessee, bank holding company. In 2006, he was named a director of Mid-America Apartment Communities, Inc. From' 1994 to 2006, he was a director of Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., a company based in Raleigh, North Carolina, that supplies minerals, chemicals, and composites for various industries.
Bishop Graves of Memphis, Tennessee, joined the TVA Board in October 2006. He.is presiding Bishop of the Christian Methodist Episcopal ChuJrch in Memphis, Tennessee. Previously, he was pastor of the' Phillips Temple CME Church of Los Angeles, California. He is the immediate Past President of the Board of theýNational Congress of Black Churches, and from September 1993 to.July 2004 Bishop Graves was a,member of the Board of Memphis Light, Gas and Water, a TVA distributor customer.
Ms. Williams of Knoxville, Tennessee, joined the TVA Board in March 2006. Since June 2004, she has been the owner of Susan Williams Public Affairs in Knoxville, Tennessee, and is affiliated with SRW.& Associates, where, along with five other independent contractors involved with SRW & Associates, she provides public relations consulting services for various clients. From 1999 to 2004, she managed the Knoxville, Tennessee, office of the Ingram Group, a statewide public-relations firm. In addition, Ms. Williams serves on the Board of Trustees of the University of Tennessee.
Page 122of 141
Ms. Harris joined the TVA Board in November 1999. Prior to her current position, she served at the Department of Energy as Executive Director of the Secretary of Energy Advisory Board. From 1993 until 1997, she was a Special Assistant to Vice President Gore and Mrs. Gore's Chief of Staff.
Mr. DePriest of Columbus, Mississippi, joined the TVA Board in March 2006. He is President of MCT Investors L.P, an Alexandria, Virginia, venture capital firm that he founded in 1987 and that develops telecommunications and healthcare ventures. He has founded other companies, including Boundary Healthcare Products Corporation in 1987, where he served as Chairman until 1992. He also founded Charisma Communications Corporation in 1982, a telecommunications company, where he served as Chairman and President.
Mr. Thrailkill of Huntsville, Alabama, joined the TVA Board in March 2006. He retired in September 2005 as President and Chief Operating Officer of Adtran, Inc., iri Huntsville, which supplies equipment for telecommunications service providers and corporate end-users. He joined Adtran, Inc., in 1992.
Mr. Baxter of Knoxville, Tennessee, joined the TVA Board in November 2001. Prior to joining the TVA Board, Mr. Baxter was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Holston Gases Inc. of Knoxville, Tennessee, a company that sells propane and other types of gas. Mr. Baxter joined Holston Gases, Inc., in 1981. On April 1, 2006, Mr. Baxter was reappointed as Chairman of Holston Gases, Inc.
Mr. Bottorff of Nashville, Tennessee, joined the TVA Board in March 2006. Since January 2001, he has served as Chairman and Partner of Council Ventures, a venture capital firm. He was Chairman of AmSouth Bancorporation until his retirement in 2001 and from 1991.to 1999was Chief Executive Officer of.First American Bank. He has served since 1998 as a director of Dollar General, a variety store company. In addition, he is a director of Ingram Industries, a privately held provider of wholesale distribution, inland marine transportation, and insurance services; a director of AppForge, a privately helddeveloper of multi-platform mobile and wireless application solutions; a director of Lancope, Inc., a privately held developer of behavioral-based intrusion detection systems for network security; and a member of the Board of Trustees of Vanderbilt University.
Mr. Duncan of Inez, Kentucky, joined the TVA Board in March 2006. He is the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of Inez Deposit Bank, FSB in Louisa, Kentucky (since April 1984, with a one year leave of absence from 1989 to,1990 to serve as Assistant Director of Public Liaison in the White House); Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of Inez Deposit Bank in Inez, Kentucky (since September 1974 with a one year leave of absence); Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of Community Holding Company, a single-bank holding company (since. 1984 with a one year leave'of absence); Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of Community Thrift Holding Company, a unitary thrift holding company (since 1999); and General Counsel of the Republican National Committee (since July 2002). Since 1998, Mr. Duncan has also been the Chairman of the Big Sandy Regional Industrial Development Authority, which manages industrial parks in five eastern Kentucky counties, and he is also the Secretary for the Highlands Regional Medical Center in Prestonburg, Kentucky, which manages a regional hospital...
Executive Officers TVA's executive officers as of December 15, 2006, their titles, their ages, and the date their employment commenced are as follows:
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Employment Executive Officers Title.
Age Commenced Tom D. Kilgore John M. Hoskins William S. Orser Maureen H. Dunn John E. Long, Jr.
Kenneth R. Breeden.
Terry Boston Karl Singer Kathryn Jackson Joseph Bynum Ashok S. Bhatnagar Peyton T. Hairston, Jr.
Janet C. Herrin Preston Swafford Tammy W. Wilson" Edwin E. Freeman Randy Trusley President and Chief Executive Officer Interim Chief Financial Officer & Executige Vice President,,
Financial Services Interim Chief Oper'ating Officer Executive Vice President and General Counsel Chief Administrative Officer and Executive Vice President, Administrative Services 58 2005 51 1978 62 57 54 2006 1978 1980 Executive Vice President, Customer Resources Executive Vice President, Power System Operations Chief Nuclear Officer and' Executive Vice President, TVA Nuclear Executive Vice President, River System Operations' and Environment and the Environmental Executive Executive Vice President, Fossil Power Group Senior Vice President, Nuclear Operations Senior Vice President, Communications Senior Vice President, River Operations Senior Vice President, Nuclear Support Interim Senior Vice President and Treasurer Vice President, Fossil Operations Vice President and Controller 58 2004
.56 1972 50 1993 49 1991 59 1972
50 1999 51 1993
.52 1978*
.46.
2006 38 1990 47 1994 50 1978 Mr. Kilgore was named President and Chief Executive Officer in October 2006 after having served as President and Chief Operating Officer since joining TVA in March 2005. He previously served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Progress Energy Ventures,'a subsidiary of Progress Energy Company ci'eated to manage various operations of Progress Energy Company including fuel extraction and energy marketing, from April 2000 to February 2005. Prior to taking that position, Mr. Kilgore had been Senior Vice President of Power Operatiols for Carolina Power,& Light (which became Progress Energy) since August 1998.- From 1991 to 1998, Mr. Kilgore was President and Chief Executive Officer of Oglethorpe Power Corporatibn in Atlanta, Georgia;,
Mr. Hoskins, Interim Chief Financial Officer & Executive Vice President, Financial Services, joined TVA in 1978 and worked in several areas of TVA business including accounting,. audit, and revenue before joining the Treasurer's office in 1987. He was named Vice President and Treasurer in 1994, Senior Vice President and Treasurer in 2000, and Interim:Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Financial'Services in November 2006 following the departure of Michael E. Rescoe from TVA. He has also served on the TVA Retirement System Board of Directors since 2003.
Mr. Orser was named Interim Chief Operating Officer in September 2006. Mr. Orser retired in 2005 as President, Energy Supply Group for Progress Energy, a'position he had held since 2000. He was Senior Vice President of Nuclear Generation for Detroit Edison Company from December 1989 to April 1'993. 'He als6 held management positions with Portland General Electric from 1979 to 1986 and with Southern California Edison from 1986 to 1993.
Ms. Dunn joined TVA as an attorney in May 1978, assumed the position of Assistant General Counsel in September 1986, and assumed the position of Executive Vice President and General Counsel in January 2001.
Mr. Long was named Executive Vice President, Administrative Services in September 2005. From October 2000 to September 2005 he was Executive Vice President, Human Resources. Mr. Long joined TVA in 1980 as a Personnel Officer in the Engineering Division and has held various human resource positions with TVA. From 1992 to 2.005 he served on the TVA Retirement System Board.
Mr. Breeden was named Executive Vice President, Customer Resources in September 2006 and joined TVA as Executive Vice President, Customer Service and Marketing in August 2004. From 1995 to 2004, he was President of TXU Energy Services, Enterprise Division, in Dallas, Texas, where he was responsible for sales, marketing, delivery and operations, finance, strategic planning, regulatory affairs, supply, and all administrative Page 124 of 141
functions. Mr. Breeden had joined TXU Corporation in.1995 as Senior Vice President of TXU, Electric & Gas, where he was responsible for marketing and sales.
Mr. Boston is Executive Vice President, Power System Operations, a position he has held since May 1999.
He joined TVA as a Power Supply Engineer in 1972 and held various technical-and managerial positions until becoming Division Manager of Electric System Reliability in May 1991:. In December 1996, he was named Senior Manager, Pricing and held that position until April 1999. Mr. Boston serves as Vice President of CIGRE-U.S., the International Council on Large Electric Systems, and as a member of the Board of Directors/Stakeholders of the North American Electric Reliability Council, and as Vice President of the Consortium of Electric Reliability Technology Solutions.
Mr. Singer was named Chief Nuclear Officer and Executive Vice President, TVA Nuclear, in June 2004.
Mr. Singer joined TVA in March 1993 as Plant Project Engineer at Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant ("Browns Ferry"). He became the TVA Nuclear Process Improvement and Total Quality Manager in December 1994, Browns Ferry Maintenance and Modifications Manager in August 1996, Browns-Ferry Plant Manager in June 1997, and Browns Ferry Site Vice President in September 1998. In June 1999, he was named Senior Vice President, Nuclear Operations.
Ms. Jackson has been the Executive Vice President, River System-Operations 'and Environment since 1998 and the Environmental Executive at TVA since 1999. She-joined TVAin June 1991as a Project Engineer in-TVA Nuclear. She subsequently served as Vice President of Technical Applications, Resource Group from January 1993 to September 1994, as Senior Vice President, Resource Group from 1994 to 1996, and as Executive Vice President, Resource Group from 1996 to 1998.
Mr. Bynum is Executive-Vice President, Fossil Power:Group, a position he has held since August 2000. He previously served as Executive Vice President, Fossil and Hydro Power from August 1998 to August 2000, as Vice Pre.-;ident, Fossil Operations from July 1998 to August 1998, and as Vice President, Fossil Power Group from May 1993 to July 1998. He joined TVA in 1972 as a Start-up*Engineer at Browns Ferry. Mr. Bynum served a three-year term as Chairman of the Electric Power Research Institute Generation Council and was a member of the National Coal Council.
Mr. Bhatnagar was named Senior Vice President, Nuclear Operations, in June 2004. He joined TVA in August 1999 as Site Support Manager at Browns Ferr-y, and became Browns Ferry Plant Manager in July 2000, and Site Vice President-in July 2001.
Mr. Hairston was named Senior Vice President, Communications, in March 2006. From October 2002 to March 2006, he held the position-of Senior Vice President, Employee Relations and Diversity.: Mr. Hairston served as Senior Vice President, Labor Relations, from October 2000 to October 2002, and had held that position previously from June 1994 to June 1998.
From August 1998 to October 2000, he was Senior Vice President, Strategic Initiatives. Mr. Hairston also served as Senior Manager, Strategic Planning and Support from May 1993.to June 1994.
Ms. Herrin is the Senior Vice President, River Operations, a position she has held since February 1999. Ms.
Herrin is responsible for establishing river operations policies, procedures, and standards for TVA and serves as TVA's Dam Safety Officer. She began her career at TVA in 1978 as a Civil Engineer. She has also served on the TVA Retirement System.Board since 2005.
Mr. Swafford joined TVA in May 2006 as Senior Vice President, Nuclear Support. From December 1995 to April 2006, Mr. Swafford held various positions at Exelon Corporation, an energy company, and its subsidiaries.
From 2002 to 2006, he served as Senior Vice President, Exelon Energy Delivery, and was responsible for transmission and distribution of electricity. From 2002 to 2003, he was Vice President, Exelon Power, and was responsible for its fleet of gas, coal-fired, and hydroelectric generating facilities. From 2000 to 2002, he was Vice President; Dresden Nuclear Station.
Ms. Wilson joined TVA in September 1990 as an accountant in TVA's nuclear business office and has held a variety of financial positions, including Supervisor of Revenue Billing. In January 1995, she joined the Treasurer's office and was subsequently named Senior Manager in July 2001. As Senior Manager, she was responsible for management of TVA's short-term and long-term financing programs, investments, investor relations, and TVA's.
nuclear decommissioning trust. She was named Interim Senior Vice President and Treasurer in November 2006.
Mr. Freeman is Vice President, Fossil Operations, a position he has held since.July 2005. From July 2003 toJuily 2005, Mr. Freeman worked as Site General Manager for CumberlandFossil Plant. From 1991 to 2003, he' Page 125 of 141,
worked in several positions in TVA Nuclear, including Operations Manager'and Maintenance and Modifications Manager at Sequoyah Nuclear Plant and Maintenance Engineering Supervisor at Watts Bar Nuclear Plant.
Mr. Trusley is TVA's Vice President and Controller, a position he has held since January 2001. He joined TVA in October 1978 as an auditor and was budget officer from July 1981 until March, 1984, at which time he briefly left TVA. He returned to TVA in January 1988 as a financial analyst, and he held the positions of Accounting Manager from April 1989 to September 1994 and Business Manager from October 1994 to December 2001.
Code of Ethics TVA has a Disclosure and Financial Ethics Code ("Ethics Code") that applies to all executive officers and directors of TVA as well as to all employees who certify information contained in quarterly reports, annual reports, or information statements or who have responsibility for internal control self-assessments. The Ethics Code includes provisions covering conflicts of interest, ethical conduct, compliance~with applicable laws, rules and regulations, responsibility for full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosures, and accountability for adherence to the Ethics Code. The Ethics Code is posted on TVA's website at: www.tva.gov. TVA will provide a current copy of the Ethics Code to any person, without charge, upon request. Requests may be made by calling 888-882-4975 or by sending an e-mail to: investor@tva.com. Any waivers of or changes to provisions of the Ethics Code will be promptly disclosed to the public, subject to limitations imposed by law, on TVA's website at: www.tva.gov. Information contained on TVA's website shall not be deemed incorporated into, or to be a part of, this Annual Report.
Audit Committee TVA has an-Audit and Ethics Committee established in accordance with the TVA Act. TVA's Audit and Ethics Committee consists of, Robert M: Duncan, its chair, Susan Richardson Williams, and Donald R. DePriest.
None of the members of theAudit and Ethics Committee is an "audit committee financial expert" under applicable SEC rules. Each member of the TVA Board is appointed by the President of the United States with the advice and consent of the U.S. Senate, and none ofthe appointed TVA Board members.was required by the TVA Act to meet the criteria of an audit committee financial expert", under applicable SEC rules.
TVA is exempted by Section 37 of the Securities Exchange Act from complying with Section 1 0A(m)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act, which requires each member of a listed issuer's audit committee to be an independent member of the board of directors of the issuer. Notwithstanding this exemption; the TVA Act contains certain provisions that are similar to the considerations for independence under Section 1 0A(m)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act, including that to be eligible for appointment to the TVA Board, an individual shall not be an employee of TVA, and shall make full disclosure to Congress of any investment or other financial interest that the individual holds in the energy, industry. These provisions became applicable to the TVA Board members on March 31, 2006.
Under Section 10A(m)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act, which applies to TVA, the audit committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, and oversight of the external auditor; however, the TVA Act assigns the responsibility for engaging the services of the external auditor to the TVA Board.
Other Committees On May 18, 2006, the.TVABoard approved the establishment of the following committees in addition to the Audit and Ethics Committee:
Corporate Governance Committee Finance, Strategy and Rates Committee Operations, Environment and Safety Committee Human Resources Committee Community Relations Committee.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Director Compensation At the beginning of 2006, the TVA Board consisted of two members. With 'the implementation of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, the TVA Board now consists of nine members. The differences in length of serviceof the two incumbent directors and differences in compensation under the Consolidated.Appropriations Act, Page 126 of 141
2005, are reflected in this information about director compensation. In accordance withthe Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005, each director receives a stipend of $45,000 per year, or, in the case of the chairman of any TVA Board committee, $46,000 per year, or, in the case of the chairman of the TVA Board, $50,000 per year.
Directors are also reimbursed for travel, lodging, and related expenses-they incur in attending meetings, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in federal government service under Section 5703 of Title 5 of the United States Code.
The following table sets out the current annual.stipend for each director and the compensation received by TVA's directors during 2006.
Director Compensation Total Name
. Annual Stipend Director Compensation'
($1
$)
William W. Baxter 45,000 61,737 2 Dennis C. Bottorff 46,000 21,581 Donald R. DePriest 46,000 21,581 Robert M. Duncan 46,000 21,581 Bishop William Graves 3
45,000 Skila S. Harris 46,000 59,5004 William B. Sansom 50,000 23,336 Howard A. Thrailkill 46,000 21,277 Susan Richardson Williams 46,000 21,606 Notes (1) Total Director Compensation excludes expense reimbursement.
(2)
Mr. Baxter served as Chairman of the TVA Board in a full-time capacity prior to its restructuring and received a salary at the rate of $149,200 per year until January 8, 2006. He received a salary at therate of $152,000 per year from January 9, 2006, through March 30, 2006, at which time he began serving as a director in a part-time capacity and receiving a stipend at a rate of $45,000 annually.
(3)
Bishop Graves was not swom in as a director until October 10, 2006.
(4) Ms. Harris served as a director oftthe TVA Board in a full-time capacity prior to its restructuhng and-received a salary at
" the rate of $140,300 per year until January 8, 2006. She received a salary at the rate of $143,000 per yearfrom January 9; 2006, through March 30, 2006, at which time she began serving as a director in a part-time capacity and receiving a stipend at a rate of $45,000 annually. On May 18, 2006, she was selected to chair the Human Resources Committee and began receiving a stipend of $46,000 annually.
Directors are eligible to participate in TVA's health benefit plans and other non-retirement benefit plans on the Same terms and at the same contribution rates as other TVA employees. The directors are not eligible to participate in any incentive programs available to TVA employees. The directors do not participate in the TVA Retirement System and do not participate in TVA's supplemental executive retirement plan. However, as appointed officers of the United States Government, the directors are members of the Federal Employees Retirement System
("FERS").
FERS is a tiered retirement plan that includes the following three components: (1) Social Security benefits, (2) Basic Benefit Plan, and (3) Thrift Savings Plan. Each director pays-full Social Security taxes and a small contribution (0.8 percent of salary or stipend) to-the Basic Benefit Plan.
The FERS'Basic Benefit Plan is a qualified defined benefit plan that provides a retirement benefit based on a final average pay formula that includes age, highest average saiary during any three consecutive years of service, and years of creditable service. A director must have at least five years of creditable service in order to be eligible to receive retirement benefits: Directors are eligible for immediate, unreduced retirement benefits once (1) they reach age 62 and have five years of creditable service, (2) they reach age 60 and have 20 years of creditable service, or (3) they attain the minimum retirement age and accumulate the specified years of service. Generally, benefits are calculated by multiplying 1.0 percent of high average of three years of salary by the number of years of creditable service. Directors who retire at age 62 or later with at least 20 years of service receive an enhanced benefit (a factor of 1.1 percent is used rather than 1.0 percent).
Directors may also retire with an immediate benefit under FERS if they reach their minimum retirement age and have accumulated at least 10 years of creditable service. For directors who reach the minimum retirement age and have at least 10 years of Creditable service, the annuity will be-reduced by five percent for each year the director is under age 62.
- Page 127 of 141
The following table presents the estimated retirement benefits each director will be eligible to receive under FERS if he or she continues to'serve until the expiration of their respective terms.
Retirement Benefits Provided Under FERS Expiration of Earliest Estimated.
Name Current Period of Eligibility Monthly Annuity 3 Appointment Creditable Service Date 2 William W. Baxter 5/18/2011 9 yrs., 5 mos.
7/31/2015 1,099 Dennis C. Bottorff 5/18/2011 5 yrs., 1 mo.
5/18/2011 194 Donald R. DePriest 5/18/2009 3 yrs., 1 mo.
- 5 5
Robert M. Duncan 5/18/2011 5 yrs., 1 mO.
4/13/2013 194 Bishop William Graves 5/18/2007 Skila S. Harris '
5/18/2008 15 yrs:, 8 rios. 4 5/18/2008 1,401 William B. Sansomn 5/18/2009' 3 yrs., 1 mo.
- 6
_5 Howard A. Thrailkill 5/18/2010 4 yrs., 1 mo.
-5 5
Susan Richardson Williams 5/18/2007 1 yr., 1 mo.
Notes (1)
Assumes each director will continue to serve through the expiration of his or her respective current term without reappointment.
(2)
Earliest date each director will become eligible to receive an unreduced retirement benefit. Directors may be eligible for a reduced benefit at an earlier date.
(3)
Assumes there will be no change in the amount shown in the "Annual Stipend" column in the Director Compensation Table in 2006 and all subsequent years. In the case of Ms. Harris and Mr. Baxter, the highest average of salary during three consecutive plan years is based on the salaries received while serving as full-time directors.
(4)
Includes seven years and two months of prior federal service.
(5)
The director will not meet mandatory vesting requirements prior to the expiration of his or her term and will not be eligible to receive a retirement benefit under the FERS Basic Benefit Plan.
Each director is also eligible to participate in the Thrift Savings Plan ("TSP") after a mandatory waiting period. The TSP is a tax-deferred retirement savings and investment plan that offers the same type of savings and tax benefits offered under 401(k) plans.. Once a director becomes eligible, TVA contributes an amount equal to one percent of the director's stipend each pay period (every two weeks) into a TSP account for the director. These contributions are made automatically regardless of whether the director decides to make a contribution of his or her own money. Directors are eligible to contribute up to the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") elective deferral limit.
Directors receive a matching contribution according to the following schedule: 100 percent of each dollar for the first three percent of the director's stipend, 50 percent of each dollar for the next two percent of the director's stipend, and zero percent for contributions above five percent of the director's stipend..
Executive.Compensation TVA's executive compensation program is designed to provide'a competitive level of compensation so that TVA is able to attract, retain, and motivate key employees critical to TVA's success.. Its purpose is to reward high performance and to align executive compensation with TVA's business strategy. TVA's executive compensation -
program targets base compensation plus an annual incentive award, which is reviewed annually, at the median.of the relevant labor market for most positions, and ties annual incentive awards to levels of achievement of specific financial, operating, and other goals. TVA's relevant labor market is comprised of both private and publicly-owned companies in the energy services industry of similar revenue and scope to TVA.
The primary components of executive compensation at TVA-include base compensation, annual incentives, and long-term incentives. Incentives are at-risk and are based upon attainment of organization goals.
J Consistent with the Consolidated Appropriations Act,.2005, the TVA Board approves all forms of compensation for the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and the executives that report directly to the CEO.
Base Compensation Base compensation includes salary plus additional annual compensation (if applicable). Base compensation received by executives is based on their level of responsibility, their individual merit performance, and the competitive level of compensation for executives in similar positions in the energy services industry comparison group.. Base compensation is reviewed annually by senior executive officers and any recommended adjustments are submitted to the TVA Board or its delegees for approval.
Page 128 of 141
Salary. Prior to March 31, 2006, salaries for TVA employees, including executive officers, could not exceed the TVA Board member salary established by law and by executive order of the President of the United States which was $143,000 at that date.
AdditionalAnnual Compensation. In 2006, additional annual compensation was used to provide market-based compensation to participants. Additional annual compensation was paid in quarterly installments.
Annual Incentive The Executive Annual Incentive Plan ("EAIP") is designed to encourage and reward participants for their contribution to successfully achieving short-term financial and operational goals. The EAIP provides a variable performance-based element of total annual compensation for participants: The CEO and the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table participate in this EAIP.
Incentive opportunities (represented as a percentage of each participant's base compensation) are established for each position based on opportunities provided for comparable positions in the energy services industry. Actual incentive awards are tied to the achievement of predefined corporate and business unit performance goals established each fiscal yearas identified in TVA's Winning Performance Balanced Scorecards. Payments pursuant to the EAIP are made during the first quarter of the succeeding fiscal year for performance in the year indicated.
All awards are paid in cash with a deferral option. Awards provided to participants under this plan for the performance period that ended on September 30, 2006, are reported under the column titled "Bonus" in the Summary
-Compensation Table.
Long-Term Incentive The Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan ("ELTIP") is designed to provide participants an equitable and competitive level of incentive compensation based on successfully achieving established financial and/or operational goals measured over a multi-year period. Designated executives are typically those in "critical positions" who make decisions that impact TVA's long-term strategic objectives. The CEO and the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensationr Table participate in this ELTIP.
The ELTIP follows three-year performance cycles. Performance measures and goals established under the ELTIP focus on the achievement of TVA's long-term financial and/or operational goals.
Incentive opportunities (represented as a percentage of each participant's base compensation) are established for each position based on opportunities provided for comparable positions in the energy services industry. Actual incentive awards are tied to the achievement of predefined corporate performance goal(s).
Payments pursuant to the ELTIP are made during the first quarter of the fiscal year following the end of the performance cycle.
All awards are paid in cash with a deferral'option. Awards provided to participants under this plan for the performance period thlat ended on September 30, 2006, are reported under the column titled "LTIP Payouts" in the Summary Compensation Table.
Compensation Tables. The following table sets forth information regarding compensation received by the CEO and the other four most highly compensated, executive officers who were employed by TVA on September 30, 2006.
Page 129 of 141
Summary Compensation Table Annual Compensation Long-Term Compensation Payouts Other Annual LTIP All Other Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation 2 Payouts 3 Compensation 4
($)
($)
($)
(5)
(5)
Tom D. Kilgore 2006 140,000 334,152 511,984 293,7096 306,3007 President and Chief Executive Officer Karl W. Singer 2006 140,000 283,382 426,723 216,893 206,300s Chief Nuclear Officer and Executive Vice President, TVA Nuclear Ashok S. Bhatnagar 2006 140,000 210,007 321,47010 140,641 153,70511 Senior Vice President, Nuclear Operations Joseph R. Bynum 2006 140,000 154,540 275,066 124,713 150,26912 Executive Vice President, Fossil Power Group Michael E. Rescoe 13 2006 140,000 195,075 286,109 100:021 6 6,300 14 Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Financial Services Notes (1)
Represents actual amount awarded under the EAIP except as noted otherwise. Under the EAIP, incentive opportunities (represented as a percentage of each participant's base compensation) are established for each position based on opportunities provided for comparable positions in the energy services industry. Actual incentive awards are tied to the achievement of predefined corporate and business unit performance goals established each fiscal year and identified in TVA's Winning Performance Balanced Scorecards. Payments pursuant to the EAIP are made during the first quarter of the succeeding fiscal.year for performance in the year indicated.
(2)
Represents additional annual compensation paid in quarterly payments unless otherwise noted.
(3)
Represents actual amount awarded under the ELTIP except as noted otherwise. Under the ELTIP, incentive opportunities (represented as a percentage of each participant's base compensation) are established for each position based on opportunities provided for comparable positions in the energy services industry. Actual incentive awards are tied to the achievement of predefined corporate performance goal(s). Payments pursuant to the ELTIP are made during the first quarter of the fiscal year following the end of the performance cycle.
I I
I (4)
Represents annual deferred compensation credits provided under Long-Term Deferred Compensation Plan ("LTOCP") agreements and/or employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401 (k)plan. Agreements administered under the LTDCP are designed to provide retention incentives to executives to encourage them to remain with TVA and to provide, in combination with ELTIP incentive awards, a competitive level of total direct compensation. Under the agreements, credits are made to an account in an executive's name (typically on an annual basis) for a predetermined length of time (typically five years) after which the executive becomes vested in the balance of the account, including interest and/or return on investment, and receives a distribution in accordance with an earlier deferral election.
(5)
Represents the estimated amount to be awarded under the EAIP but not yet paid.
(6)
Represents the estimated amount to be awarded under the ELTIP but not yet paid.
(7)
Includes a $300,000 annual deferred compensation credit provided under a LTDCP agreement and $6,300 in employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan based on Mr. Kilgore's elective contribution.
(8)
Includes $341,323 in additional annual-compensation paid in quarterly installments, $5,400 in vehicle allowance payments (paid at the rate of $450 every twd weeks beginning April 2006), and an approved $80,000 in deferred compensation awarded for achievement of major milestone objectives established in conjunction with the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project but not yet paid.
(9)
Includes a $200,000 annual deferred compensation credit provided under a LTDCP agreement and $6,300 in employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan based on Mr. Singer's elective contribution.
(10)
. Includes $276,070 in additional annual compensation paid in quarterly installments, $5,400 in vehicle allowance payments (paid at the rate of $450 every two weeks beginning April 2006), and an approved $40,000 in deferred compensation awarded for achievement of major milestone objectives established in conjunction with the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project but not yet paid.
(11)
Includes a $150,000 annual deferred compensation credit provided under a LTDCP agreement and $3,705 in employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan based on Mr. Bhatnagar's elective contribution.
(12)
Includes a $150,000 annual deferred compensation credit provided under a LTDCP agreement and $269 in.employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan based on Mr. Bynum's elective contribution.
(13)
Mr. Rescoe left TVA effective November 13, 2006.
(14)
Represents $6,300 in employer matching contributions to the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan based on Mr. Rescoe's elective contribution.
Page130 of141*
The following table presents long-term incentive plan information with respect to the named executive officers in 2006.
Long Term Incentive Plans Estimated Future Payouts Under Non Stock Price Based Plan 2 Performance or Other Name Period Until Maturation Threshold Target Maximum Payout'
($)
(M)
(S)
Tom 0. Kilgore 3 Years 292,500 390,000 487,500 Karl W. Singer 3 Years 216,000 288,000 360,000 Ashok S. Bhatnagar 3 Years 140,063 186,750 233,438 Joseph R. Bynum 3 Years 124,200 165,600 207,000 Michael E. Rescoe 3 Years 99,610 132,813 166,016 Notes (1)
While originally designed to cover three-year performance cycles, the plan has been administered as an annual incentive.
(2)
The awards were or are to be paid in cash in the first quarter of 2007 and are reported under the column titled "LTIP Payouts" in the Summary Compensation Table.
TVA's ELTIP was intended to follow three-year performance cycles with performance measures and goals generally established at the beginning of each performance cycle and measured over a three-year period. The performance measures focus TVA's executives on the achievement of TVA's long-term financial and/or operational goals.
Target incentive opportunities were established for each executive based on market data and level of responsibility. At the end of the performance cycle, performance was measured against the target(s) resulting in a percentage ranging from zero percent to 125 percent. A minimum level of "threshold" performance (75 percent of target) must be achieved in order for any payout to occur. Awards may not exceed 125 percent of an executive's target incentive opportunity. Actual awards were determined by multiplying the executive's target incentive opportunity, expressed as a percentage of the executive's base compensation, by the actual level of performance achieved. In accordance with the performance goals established for the 2004 to 2006 performance cycle, the threshold, target and maximum awards were equal to 75 percent, 100 percent and 125 percent of the participant's award opportunity target.
In order to focus on the goal of reducing TVA's total financing obligations, the ELTIP has administratively functioned in a manner similar to an annual incentive plan with awards made and targets set with respect to a one year period and with payments made in the first quarter of the following fiscal year. ELTIP awards made in the performance cycle ending in 2006 were based solely on the reduction of TVA's total financing obligations in 2006.
The following goals were established for this performance measure for 2006: threshold ($340 million), target, ($420 million), and maximum ($500 million). In 2006, TVA realized a reduction in total financing obligations of $341 million or 75.3 percent of the target established. As a result, each of the named executive officers received an ELTIP award in 2006 equal to 75.3 percent of his respective target incentive opportunity.
Retirement Benefits Qualified Defined Benefit Plan TVA maintains a qualified defined benefit plan with two structures for all employees including the CEO and other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. The structures are the Original Benefit Structure ("OBS") and the Cash Balance Benefit Structu re ("CBBS"). Participation in the OBS is limited to employees who were covered under the plan prior to January 1, 1996. All employees first hired by TVA on or after January 1, 1996, participate in the CBBS. As with any other qualified retirement plan, there are limits on employee and employer contributions and compensation that can be counted for benefit calculations set by the TVA Retirement System rules and IRS regulations.
TVA's Original Benefit Structure. The pension provided under the OBS is based on a final average pay formula that includes the member's years (to the nearest month) of creditable service, highest average compensation during any three consecutive years of creditable service, and a pension factor, less a small Social Security offset.
For executive officers who are members of the OBS, compensation is defined as annual salary only for benefit Page 131 of 141
calculation purposes and is shown under the column titled "Salary' in the Summary Compensation Table. Creditable service is the length of time spent as a member of the TVA Retirement System and may also include certain military service, some periods of leave without pay, and forfeited annual and unused sick leave. The pension factor, which can reach a maximum of 1.3 percent, is determined by a member's age and length of creditable service and whether the member has obtained the Rule of 80. The Rule of 80 is the sum of a member's age and years of creditable service at the time of termination. For example, a member who has reached age 55 and has 25 years of creditable service has obtained the Rule of 80. Members must have at le~ast five years of creditable service in order to be eligible for a pension benefit. Mem~bers who are 55 with five years of creditable service are eligible to receive an immediate benefit upon retirement. Members whose age plus length of creditable service equals 80 points or more receive the maximum pension factor of 1.3 percent. Members who reach age 60 with at least five years of creditable service receive the maximum pension factor of 1.3 percent even if they do not have 80 points.
Mr. Bynum is the only executive officer named in the Summary Compensation Table who is a member in the OBS. As of September 30, 2006, Mr. Bynum reached the age of 59 years and nine months and had 32 years and two months of creditable service, including unused sick and forfeited annual leave, which would result in 95 points and a maximum pension factor of 1.3 percent. As of that date, he was eligible to receive an immediate monthly retirement benefit of $5,046 which includes the supplemental benefit described below. This amount represents the maximum benefit and is not reduced for any survivor options available under the plan.
TVA's Cash Balance Structure. Under the CBBS, each member has a cash balance account that receives' pay credits equal to six percent of his or her compensation each pay period (every two weeks). For executive officers and members of the CBBS, compensation is defined as annual base salary only for benefit calculation purposes and is shown under the column titled "Salary' in the Summary Compensation Table. The account is credited with interest each month, and interest is compounded on an annual basis. The annual interest rate used for interest credits is determined each January 1. The, interest rate is three percent greater than the increase in the 12-month average of the Consumer Price Index for the period ending on the previous October 31. The minimum interest rate is six percent and the maximum interest is 10 percent unless the TVA Retirement System Board, with TVA's approval, selects a higher interest rate. When a member elects to begin receiving retirement benefits, the cash balance account is converted to a monthly pension payment by dividing the ending value of the cash balance account by a conversion factor set forth in the plan based on the member's actual age in years and months.
Members with at least five years of CBBS service who are at least actual age 55 are eligible to receive an immediate benefit. Members who have at least five years of CBBS service and have not reached actuai age 55 may.
-also receive an immediate benefit. CBBS service is the length of time spent as a member of the TVA Retirement System and does not include credit for unused sick leave, forfeited annual leave, or pre-TVA employment military service. Mr. Kilgore, Mr. Singer, and Mr. Bhatnagar are members in the CBBS. Mr. Rescoe was a member in the CBBS.
The estimated monthly benefit that would be payable under the cash balance formula to the CEO and each of the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table (other than Mr. Bynum) at age 55 or the earliest eligibility date is presented in the following table.
Name Estimated Monthly Retirement Benefit M($
Tom D. Kilgore 3452 Karl W. Singer 1,671 Ashok S. Bhatnagar 9583 Michael E. Rescoe o4 Notes (1)
These estimates represent the maximum benefit and are not reduced for any survivor options available under the plan. Except for Mr. Rescoe, the estimates are based on the following assumption: the annual salary amounts reported in the Summary Compensation Table are used for fiscal year, 2006 and all subsequent years.
(2)
Represents the estimated monthly retirement benefit payable at the earliest date Mr. Kilgore will be eligible to receive an immediate benefit (March 3, 2010). This estimated benefit reflects a monthly pension benefit only. Mr. Kilgore will not be eligible to receive a supplemental benefit at the earliest date he becomes eligible to receive an immediate pension benefit since he will not have the required 10 years of creditable service.
(3)
Represents the estimated monthly retirement benefit at age 55 for Mr. Singer and Mr. Bhatnagar, which includes the combined monthly pension benefit and the monthly supplemental benefit.
(4)
Mr. Rescoe left TVA in November 2006 and did not have the minimum five years of creditable service required to become vested and receive a retirement benefit under the CBBS or to receive a supplemental benefit.
Page 132 of 141
Supplemental Retirement Benefit All members of the TVA Retirement System who meet eligibility criteria, including the CEO and the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table also receive after retirement a supplemental benefit regardless of the member's benefit structure. The benefit is provided to eligible retirees and eligible surviving spouses to help with the cost of medical insurance, although the benefit is not required to be used to pay for medical insurance. The amount of this benefit is based on the length of time spent as a member of the TVA Retirement System. The monthly benefit for the year 2006 is $10.45 per month for each full year of actual TVA Retirement System service plus an additional $85.04 per month. These amounts are subject to change each year due to an annual cost-of-living adjustment applied each January based on the increase in the Consumer Price Index. Members must have reached at least actual age 50 at termination with 10 years of actual service (age 55 with 10 years of actual service after January 1, 2009) to be eligible to receive the supplemental benefit. Since Mr. Rescoe left TVA before he became eligible to receive retirement benefits, he will not receive the supplemental benefit.
TVA Sponsored 401(k) Plan Members of the TVA Retirement System, including the CEO and the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation table, may elect to participate in the TVA Retirement System's 401(k) plan on a before-tax and on anafter-tax basis. For OBS members, TVA provides a matching contribution of 25 cents on every dollar contributed on a before-tax or an after-tax basis up to 1.5 percent of the participant's annual earned compensation.
For CBBS members, TVA providesa matching contribution of 75 cents on every dollar contributed on a before-tax or an after-tax basis up.to 4.5 percent of the participant's annual earned compensation. Members are vested in the TVA matching contributions after three years of actual TVA Retirement System service. For the CEO and other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table, annual earned compensation is defined as annual salary only and is shown under the column titled "Salary" in the Summary Compensation Table.
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan The Supplemental Ex6cutive Retirement Plan ("SERP") is a non-qualified defined benefit pension plan similar to those typically found in other companies and is provided to a limited number of TVA executives including the CEO and each of the other executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. TVA's SERP was created to recruit and retain key executives. The plan is designed to provide a competitive level of retirement. benefits in excess of the limitations on contributions and benefits imposed by TVA's defined benefit plan and the limits on qualified retirement plans set forth in Section 415 of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan recognizes additional annual compensation and annual incentives in the definition of compensation for supplemental benefits.
SERP benefits are based on aparticipant's highest average compensation during three consecutive SERP years and a pension multiple of 2.5 percent for each year of creditable service up to a maximum of 24 years.
Compensation is defined as salary, additional annual compensation, and EAIP for benefit calculation purposes.
Normal retirement eligibility is age 62 with five years of vesting service. No benefits are payable prior to age 55 and benefits are reduced for retirements between age 55 and 62. SERP requires participants to have 24 years of creditable service in order to receive full supplemental benefits at age 62. Executives with less creditable service, or who retire prior to their normal retirement date, are eligible to receive reduced benefits. Participants must be employed by TVA for five years in order to be eligible to receive benefits under SERP. Benefits are offset by Social Security benefits, benefits provided under TVA's defined benefit plan ("Qualified Plan Offset"), and prior employer pension benefits ("Prior Employer Offset") when applicable.
Page 133 Of 141
The following table shows the estimated annual benefits payable upon retirement for the specified levels of compensation and years of service.
SERP Benefit Table Years of Creditable Service Remuneration 5
10 15 20 24 and > 2
($1
($M
($)
($)
($)
($)
150,000 18,750 37,500 56,250
- 75,000 90,000 200,000 25,000 50,000 75,000 100,000 120,000 300,000 37,500 75,000 112,500 150,000 180,000 400,000 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 240,000 500,000 62,500 125,000 187,500 250,000 300,000 600,000 75,000 150,000 225,000 300,000 360,000 700,000 87,500 175,000 262,500 350,000 420,000 800,000 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 480,000 900,000 112,500 225,000 337,500 450,000 540,000 1,000,000 125,000 250,000 375,000 500,000 600,000 1,100,000 137,500 275,000 412,500 550,000 680,000 1,200,000 150,000 300,000 450,000 600,000 720,000 Notes (1)
Represents the highest average of compensation during any three consecutive SERP years (for benefit calculation purposes, compensation includes the combined amounts reported under the columns titled "Salary"and "Bonus," and additional annual compensation which is reported under the column titled "OtherAnnual Compensation" in the Summary Compensation Table).
(2)
Maximum benefit received at 24 years - no increase in benefits beyond 24 years of service.
The estimated benefits presented in the SERP Benefit Table represent a present value of an annual lifetime annuity prior to any applicable offsets. Actual benefits will be reduced by applicable offsets as described above and will be converted to an actuarial equivalent value distributed in either five or 10 annual installments upon retirement as selected by the participant.
As of September 30, 2006, the applicable remuneration and accredited service for determination of pension benefits for the CEO and the other named executives were:
Named Officer Remuneration Creditable
($)
Service Tom D. Kilgore 984,1522
<2 Karl W. Singer 737,806' 14 Ashok S. Bhatnagar 587,350 7
Joseph R. Bynum 607,997 24 Michael E. Rescoe 4
NA NA Notes (1)
Limited to 24 years when determining supplemental benefits available under TVA's SERP.
(2)
Mr. Kilgore will be granted three additional years of creditable service for pre-TVA employment following five years of actual TVA service. In the event his employment is terminated during the first five years (other than for. cause), the five year vesting requirement will be waived and he will receive credit for eight years of service. In addition, the Prior Employer Offset will be waived and the Qualified Plan Offset will be calculated based on the actual pension benefit he will '
receive as a participant in TVA's CBBS.
(3)
TVA has agreed to grant Mr. Singer up to six additional years of creditable service at the rate of one year's service for each year of TVA service, beginning August 17, 2006 (age 50), and continuing through August 17, 2011 (age 55).
(4)
Mr. Rescoe left TVA in November 2006 and did not have the minimum five years of creditable service required to become vested and receive a retirement benefit under TVA's SERP.
Page 134 of,141.
Long-Term Deferred Compensation Plan Agreements Agreements administered under TVA's Long-Term Deferred Compensation Plan ("LTDCP") are designed to provide retention incentives to executives to encourage them to remain with TVA and to provide, in-combination with ELTIP incentive awards, a competitive level of total direct compensation. Under the agreements, credits are made to an account in an executive's name (typically on an annual basis) for a predetermined length of time after which the executive becomes vested in the balance of the account, including interest and/or return on investment, and receives a distribution in accordance with an earlier deferral election only if he or she remains employed at TVA until the end of the vesting period (typically five years).
In March 2005, TVA entered into a defined service-related LTDCP agreement with Mr. Kilgore. The agreement providesannual deferred compensation credits of $300,000 over a service period of four years and seven months, beginning on March 1, 2006, and ending on September 30, 2009. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Kilgore was vested in the first credit of $300,000 at the time the credit was made in March 2005. Mr. Kilgore will become fully vested in the remaining balance of his account if he remains employed by TVA until the expiration of the agreement on September 30, 2009, after which the account will be distributed in accordance with his deferral elections.
TVA has entered into two LTDCP agreements with Mr. Singer. Under the terms of the first agreement, Mr.
Singer receives annual deferred compensation credits of $200,000 for a period of five years beginning in October
.2004 and ending in September 2009. Under the first agreement, Mr. Singer will be vested and eligible to receive payment of one-half of his account balance on September 30, 2007, and one-half of the balance again on September 30, 2008, as long as he remains employed with TVA on each of those vesting dates. Mr. Singer will receive the remaining balance of his LTDCP account only if he remains employed with TVA until the expiration of the agreement on September 30, 2009.
The second LTDCP agreement with Mr. Singer provides annual deferred compensation credits of up to
$100,000 for a period of four years beginning on September 30, 2004, and ending on September 30, 2007. The actual amount credited each year is to be based on the achievement of milestone performance objectives established for the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project at the beginning of each year and shall not exceed the maximum of
$100,000 each year. Under this agreement, credits earned will be vested and credited to his deferred compensation account at the end of each fiscal year. In the event the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project is completed prior to September 30, 2007, all remaining unpaid compensation credits, based on the annual maximum of $100,000, will be credited to Mr. Singer's deferred compensation account and vested immediately.
TVA has entered into two LTDCP agreements with Mr. Bhatnagar. Under the terms of the first agreement, Mr. Bhatnagar receives annual deferred compensation credits of $150,000 for a period of five years beginning in October 2004 and ending in September 2009. Mr. Bhatnagar will become vested in the balance of his account if he remains employed by TVA until the expiration of the agreement on September 30, 2009, after which the account will be distributed in accordance with his deferral elections.
The second LTDCP agreement with Mr. Bhatnagar provides annual deferred compensation credits of up to
$50,000 for a period of four years beginning on September 30, 2004, and ending on September 30, 2007. The actual amount credited each year is to be based on the achievement of milestone performance objectives established for the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project at the beginning of each year and shall not exceed the maximum of $50,000 each year. Under this agreement, credits earned will be vested and credited to his deferred compensation account at the end of each fiscal year. In the event the Browns Ferry Unit 1 recovery project is completed prior to September 30, 2007, all remaining unpaid compensation credits, based on the annual maximum of $50,000, will be credited to Mr. Bhatnagar's deferred compensation account and vested immediately to his deferred compensation account at the end of each fiscal year.
TVA entered into a LTDCP agreement with Mr. Bynum in 2001 that provides annual deferred compensation credits of $140,000 for a period of five years. The agreement was later amended to increase the annual credits from
$140,000 to $150,000 in fiscal years 2004 through 2006. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Bynum was to receive the full balance of his account if he remained employed by TVA until the expiration of his agreement on September 30, 2006. Mr. Bynum was vested in the balance of his account on September 30, 2006, and the balance of his account was distributed in accordance with his deferral elections.
Other Agreements In March 2005, TVA entered into an agreement with Mr. Kilgore that provides a lump sum payment equal to one year's annual compensation if (1) he is not appointed as TVA's Chief Executive Officer, (2) his duties and/or.
responsibilities are reduced, (3) his compensation is substantially reduced, and he terminates his employment with Page 135 of 141
TVA, or (4) his employment is terminated for any reason other than "for cause." For purposes of this agreement, "annual compensation" is defined as annual salary plus additional annual compensation plus the amount of the EAIP and ELTIP incentive awards he would have been eligible to receive based on 100 percent achievement of "mid-level" performance goals.
In April 2004, TVA entered into an agreement with Mr. Rescoe that provides a lump sum payment in an amount equal to two years' compensation in the event that there is a change in his reporting relationship with the TVA Board such that he would report to a Chief Executive Officer or other similarly named executive, and if he is asked to leave TVA employment or is asked to take a position with TVA other than his then-current position as Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Financial Services, prior to July 10, 2008. For purposes of this agreement, "annual compensation" is defined as annual salary plus additional annual compensation plus the amount of the EAIP and ELTIP incentive awards he would have been eligible to receive based on 100 percent achievement of "mid-level" performance goals. Under the agreement, Mr. Rescoe was to receive the lump sum payment in two equal installments: the first installment was to be paid within 10 days of the effective date he leaves TVA and the second was to be paid on the one year anniversary of that date.
Mr. Rescoe left TVA effective November 13, 2006. Pursuant to the agreement, TVA paid Mr. Rescoe the first of~two installments in the amount of $823,437.50 in November 2006. The second installment will be paid to Mr.
Rescoe.in November 2007.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation Except as described below, in 2006 the CEO and the Chief Administrative Officer ("CAO"), acting under a delegation from the TVA Board, reviewed and set the compensation of executive officers. Compensation for the CEO and the CAO was approved by the TVA Board. Also, in 2006, the TVA Board approved the compensation of William Stanley Orser, Interim Chief Operating Officer ("COO"). Mr. Orser's compensation was recommended by the CEO and reviewed by the Human Resources Committee of the TVA Board, which unanimously recommended that the TVA Board approve the CEO's recommendation.
The TVA Board established the Human Resources Committee on May 18, 2006. The committee consists of the following four directors: Skila S. Harris, Chair, Dennis C. Bottorff, Susan Richardson Williams, and Howard A.
Thrailkill. The committee is reviewing a compensation plan covering all TVA employees: Additionally, the committee will review the compensation of the CEO and his direct reports, monitor the process for approving compensation for TVA employees compensated in excess of the federal government's Executive Schedule Level IV (currently,
$143,000), monitor TVA executive compensation programs, and periodically review the compensation and benefits programs for all TVA employees.
Under the TVA Act, the TVA Board has the authority to approve salaries in excess of the federal government's Executive Schedule Level IV. While the committee can recommend that the'TVA Board approve -
compensation, the committee has no authority to approve compensation.
No executive officer of TVA serves on the board of an entity which in turn has an executive officer of the entity serving as a director of TVA.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Not applicable.
ITEM 13; CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS None.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The following table presents fees for professional services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the years ended Septemberr30, 2006 and 2005.
Page 136 of 141
Principal Accountant Fees and Services 2006
.2005 Audit Fees )
$1,110,742
$948,393 Audit-Related Fees (2) 273,368 514,706 All Other Fees (3) 14,000 Total Notes
- 1.
Audit fees consist of professional services rendered for the audit of TVA's annual financial statements, the review of the interim financial statements included in TVA's quarterly reports, and fees for Bond offering comfort letters.
- 2.
,Audit-related fees are fees for services which are usually performed by the auditor and consist primarily of accounting assistance on proposed transactions and accounting standards, accounting assistance related to reviewing internal control over financial reporting, and assistance in preparing for TVA's initial Form 10-K filing.
- 3.
All other fees relate to in-house training of TVA personnel.
On July 28, 2006, TVA's Audit and Ethics Committee recommended that the TVA Board select PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as TVA's external auditor, and the TVA Board approved this recommendation. TVA had no audit committee until the restructured TVA Board established the current Audit and Ethics Committee on May 18, 2006. Before the.establishment of the committee, management informed.the TVA Board of the services the auditor would perform. The committee has established a practice that requires pre-approval of each non-audit service by that committee before the service is rendered: Approximately five percent of the fees included in AUDIT-RELATED FEEs and ALL OTHER FEES above were pre-approved by the Audit and Ethics Committee under this practice.
Page 137 of 141
PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) The following documents have been filed as part of.this Annual Report:
(1)
Financial Statements. The following documents are provided in Item 8 herein.
Statements of Income Balance Sheets Statements of Cash Flow Statements of Changes in Proprietary Capital Notes to Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP)
(2)
Financial Statement Schedules.
Schedules not included are omitted because they are not required or because the required information is provided in the financial statements, including the notes thereto.
Schedule II -
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Additions Balance at charged to Deductions Balance at Description beginning of year expense end of year For the year ended September 30, 2006 Allowance for doubtful accounts Receivables 7
4
$ 11 Loans 15 1
(1) 15 Inventories 36 13
- 01) 38 Total allowances deducted from assets 58 1
64 For the year ended September 30, 2005 Allowance for doubtful accounts Receivables 8
(1) 7 Loans 14 1
15 Inventories 36 15 (15) 36 Total allowances deducted from assets 55 6
For the year ended September 30, 2004 Allowance for doubtful accounts Receivables 8
8 Loans 14 14 Inventories 33 11 (8. )
36 Total allowances deducted from assets S
$5 Page 138 of 141
(3)
Exhibit Index.
3.1 Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended, 16 U.S.C. §§ 831-831ee (2000 & Supp. IV 2004) 3.2 By-laws of Tennessee Valley Authority Adopted by the TVA Board of Directors on May 18, 2006 4.1 Basic Tennessee Valley Authority Power Bond Resolution Adopted by the TVA Board of Directors on October 6, 1960, as amended on September 28, 1976, October 17, 1989, and March 25, 1992 10.1
$1,250,000,000 Fall Maturity Credit Agreement Dated as of May 17, 2006, as Amended, Among TVA, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America,, N.A., as a Lender, and the Other Lenders PartyThereto 10.2
$1,250,000,000 Spring Maturity Credit Agreement Dated as of May 17, 2006, Among TVA, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A., as a Lender, and the Other Lenders Party Thereto 10.3 TVA Discount Notes Selling Group Agreement 10.4 Electronotes Selling Agent Agreement Dated as of June 1, 2006, Among TVA, LaSalle Financial Services, Inc., A.G.
Edwards & Sons, Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P., First Tennessee Bank National Association, J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L: Lyons, Inc., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, Morgan Stanley &
Co. Incorporated, and Wachovia Securities, LLC 10.5 Commitment Agreement Among Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division, the City of Memphis, Tennessee, and TVA Dated as of November 19, 2003 10.6 Power Contract Supplement No. 95 Among Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division, the City of Memphis, Tennessee, and TVA Dated as of November 19, 2003 10.7 Void Walk Away Agreement Among Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division, the City of Memphis, Tennessee, and TVA dated as of November 20, 2003 10.8 Power Contract Supplement No. 96 Among Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division, the City of Memphis, Tennessee, and TVA dated as of November 20, 2003 10.9 Overview of TVA's September 26, 2003, Lease and Leaseback of Control, Monitoring, and Data Analysis Network with Respect to TVA's Transmission System in Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, and Mississippi 10.10*
Participation Agreement Dated as of September 22, 2003, Among (1) TVA, (2) NVG Network I Statutory Trust, (3)
Wells Fargo Delaware Trust Company; Not.in Its IndividualiCapacity, Except to the Extent Expressly Provided in the Participation Agreement, But as Owner Trustee, (4) Wachovia Mortgage Corporation, (5) Wilmington Trust Company, Not in Its Individual Capacity, Except to the Extent Expressly Provided in the Participation Agreement, But as Lease Indenture Trustee, and (6) Wilmington Trust Company, Not in Its Individual Capacity, Except to the Extent Expressly Provided in the Participation Agreement, But as Pass Through Trustee 10.11*
Network Lease Agreement Dated as of September 26, 2003, Between NVG Network I Statutory Trust, as Owner Lessor, and TVA, as Lessee 10.12*
Head Lease Agreement Dated as of September 26, 2003, Between TVA, as Head Lessor, and NVG Network I Statutory Trust, as Head Lessee 10.13*
Leasehold Security Agreement Dated as of September 26, 2003, Made by NVG Network I Statutory Trust to TVA 10.14 Description of Compensation of TVA's Directors and Named Executive Officers 10.15t Tennessee Valley Authority Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, Effective as of October 1, 1995 10.16t Tennessee Valley Authority Executive Annual. Incentive Plan, Effective in Fiscal Year 1999 Page 139 of 141
10.17t Tennessee Valley Authority Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan, Effective in Fiscal Year 1999 10.18t Tennessee Valley Authority Long Term Deferred Compensation Plan 10.19t Employment Contract Between TVA and Tom D. Kilgore Dated. as of January 19, 2005 10.20t Employment Contract Between TVA and Michal E..Rescoe Dated as of April 21, 2004
.10.21t First Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Ashok S. Bhatnagar Dated as of September 28, 2004 10.22t Second Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Ashok S. Bhatnagar Dated as of September 28, 2004 10.23t Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Joseph R. Bynum Dated as of March 3, 2004 10.24t Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Tom D. Kilgore Dated as of March 29, 2005 10.25t First Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Karl W. Singer Dated as of May 7, 2004 10.26t Second Deferral Agreement Between TVA and Karl W. Singer Dated as of May 7, 2004 14 Disclosure and Financial Ethics Code 31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification Executed by the Chief Executive Officer 31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification Executed by the Chief Financial Officer
. 32.1 Section 1350 Certification Executed by the Chief Executive Officer 32.2 Section 1350 Certification Executed by the Chief Financial Officer t Management contract or compensatory arrangement.
- Certain schedules and exhibits have been omitted. The Tennessee Valley Authority hereby undertakes to furnish supplementally copies of any of the omitted schedules and exhibits upon request by the Securities and Exchange Commission.,
Page 140 of 141
SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13, 15(d), or 37 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to b91signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: December 15, 2006 TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY (Registrant)
By:
/s/ Tom D. Kiloore Tom D. Kilgore President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Signature Title Date
/s/ Tom D, Kilgore President and Chief Executive Officer December 15, 2006 (Tom D. Kilgore)
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ John M. Hoskins Interim Chief Financial Officer &
December 15, 2006 (John M. Hoskins)
Executive Vice President, Financial Services (Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Randy Trusley Vice President and Controller December 15, 2006 (Randy Trusley)
(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ William B. Sansom Chairman and Director December 15, 2006 (William B. Sansom)
/s/ Dennis C. Bottorff Director December 15, 2006 (Dennis C. Bottorff)
/s/ Donald R. DePriest Director December 15, 2006 (Donald R. DePriest)
/s/ Robert M. Duncan Director December 15, 2006 (Robert M. Duncan)
/s/ Bishop William Graves Director December 15, 2006 (Bishop William Graves)
/s/ Skila S. Harris Director December 15, 2006 (Skila S. Harris)
/s/ Howard A. Thrailkill Director December 15, 2006.
(Howard A. Thrailkill)
/s/ Susan Richardson Williams Director December 15, 2006 (Susan Richardson Williams)
Page 141 of 141
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From the TVA Act:
(a) MEMBERSHIP-(1) APPOIATUEN-.--he Board of Directors of the Cotporation (referred to in this Act as the "Board') sball be composed of 9 members appointed by the President by and wi/h the advice and consent of/tbe Senate at least 7 of whom shall be a legal resident of the service area of the Cotporation.
(2) CHAIRMAN -The members of /he Board shall select I of the members to act as chairman of /he Board.
(b) QUALIFlAThONS.-o7b be eligible to be appointed ais a member of the Board, an individual-(1) sball be a citizen of /he United States; (2) shall have management eapertise relative to a largefor-pro/it or nonprofit corporate, government, or academic structure:
(3) shall not be an employee of the Corporation; (4) sball make full disclosure to Congress of any investment or other financial interest that the individual holds in the energy industry; and (5) shall affirm support for the objectives and missions of01he Corporation, including being a national leader in techno-logical innovation, low-costpowie and environmental stevardshb.
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TVA BOARD OF DIRECTORS CHAIRMAN WILLIAM B. SANSOM of Knoxville is chairman and chief executive officer of The H.T. Hackney Co. and has held that position since 1983. Hackney is a diversified company involved in wholesale grocery, gas and oil, and furniture manufacturing.
His term expires May 18, 2009. Committees: Finance, Strategy & Rates; Operations, Environment & Safety BILL BAXTER of Knoxville is chairman of Holston Gases, Inc., a distributor of industrial, medical, and laboratory gases. He was named to the TVA Board as a full-time Director in 2001 and served as TVA Chairman from June 2005 through March 2006. His term expires May 18, 2011. Committees: Corporate Governance; Finance, Strategy & Rates DENNIS BOTTORFF of Nashville serves as chairman and partner of Council Ventures, a venture capital firm. He was chairman of AmSouth Bancorporation until his retirement in 2001 and previously was chief executive officer of First American Bank. His term expires May 18, 2011. Committees: Corporate Governance; Finance, Strategy & Rates*; Human Resources DON DEPRIEST of Columbus, Miss., is chairman of a venture capital firm headquartered in Alexandria, Va. The firm has founded or invested in such companies as American Telecasting, now merged with Sprint, and his Charisma Communications Corp. was a pioneer in the cellular phone business. He previously chaired the Columbus, Mississippi, Utilities Commission. His term expires May 18, 2009.
Committees: Corporate Governance*, Audit & Ethics; Community Relations MIKE DUNCAN of Inez, Ky., is chairman, chief executive officer, and director of Community Holding Co.; chairman, CEO, and director of Inez Deposit Bank; and general counsel of the Republican National Committee. He is a director of the regional Center for Rural Development. His term expires May 18, 2011. Committees: Audit & Ethics*; Community Relations WILLIAM GRAVES of Memphis is presiding bishop of the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. He was previously pastor of the Phillips Temple CME Church in Los Angeles. He is immediate past president of the Board of the National Congress of Black Churches and a former member of the Board of Memphis Light, Gas & Water. His term expires May 18, 2007. Committees: to be determined SKILA HARRIS, a native of Bowling Green, Ky., served as a full-time TVA Director from November 1999 through March 2006. She previously held positions in the U.S. Department of Energy, the White House, and energy-management and engineering-consulting firms. Her term expires May 18, 2008. Committees: Operations, Environment & Safety; Human Resources*; Community Relations HOWARD THRAILKILL of Huntsville, Ala., recently retired as president and chief operating officer of Adtran, Inc., in Huntsville, which sup-plies equipment for telecommunications service providers and corporate end-users. Previously, he was president and chief executive offi-cer of the firm Floating Point Systems. His term expires May 18, 2010. Committees: Operations, Environment & Safety*; Human Resources SUSAN RICHARDSON WILLIAMS of Knoxville provides public relations consulting services through SRW & Associates for clients that range from major corporations to high-tech companies. She has served in the cabinets of two Tennessee governors, on the staff of a third, and on the staff of a U.S. senator. Her term expires May 18, 2007. Committees: Audit & Ethics; Human Resources; Community Relations*
- Indicates Committee Chairperson 3
We accepl the cballe'nge to serve A Letter from Tom Kilgore.
1 ',1111 Proud to serveas Presiclentand Chief ExeCLiti\\/C OffiCel'in an exciting period of challenge foi-TVA.
TVA has a legýICY Unlike that of any other organization. In its early years, it WIS SYIIOIIYIIIOLIS With 11013C, OPPOI11,1171ity, ',IIICI pl-OgreSS. By hi-inging electricity to reinote flarnis and towns, teaching inoclern farnling Illethods, and reforesting the region, TVA enabled fainilies to prosper, ol-.)ened Lit) the region to econoi-i-lic growth, and bl-01-1011t 11)OLlt a new way of life.
Tiines change, and TVA's role today is different, I.Xlt 110 less critical to the people of the Tennessee Valley.
Today TVA keeps pace with a vibrant Valley econoiny. Coinpanies like Nissan North America are i-noving flICil' 11CICICILK.Irters here. Firins like Denso and Verizon Wireless are exl-)',IIIClillg theil-I)LISilleSSeS in the VAley.
Many people are inoving here in PLII-SLlit not Only Of jobs bLlt ASO Of OLII-clcýsirable (ILl"Ility of' life.
OVel-Al, OLII-regionýs clen-land for power is growing at -,I])OLlt 2 percent a year. We at TVA JI-C 1-)I-OLICI to accept the challenge to nicet that ever-(11,0wing deniand-a challen e that places TVA as a lelClel-in 01,11-MitiOn'S 11LICICM-reniiissance.
in the ycýir that Sequoyah Unit I and Watts Bar Unit I marked their respective 25d, and 10th anniversaries, the restart work -A Browns Ferry NLIclear Unit I is Oil I)Llclget in(,] on schedule fOl-tlllt Unit to retUrn to service in spring 2007.
1,ooking ahead, We Zil-e COlICILICting zi detailed scoping, estiniating, and planning StLldy fOl-the possihle con-iffletion of Watts Bar Unit 2 and exploring the option Of bUildin" ýl new 111-1clear pkInt-It 01_11-Bellefonte site in North Alabainýi.
As we inove forward, I have asked the men and women of'NA to fOCLIS on two key priorities: iniproving our perforniýince and OLIr repLitatiOn, WhiCh MeMIS iinpl-OVill(4 Otll_ I'll-linhers-starting with those Oil the following pages-and rene\\ving the respect foi-the TVA naine.
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Highlights In fiscal year 2006, the power system sold more than 176 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to our customers, earning revenue totaling nearly $9.2 billion.
For the seventh year in a row, TVA's transmission sys-tem delivered power to customers with 99.999 percent reliability. In July, TVA's power system was tested by four consecutive days of peak demands above 31,000 megawatts, including an all-time TVA record demand of 32,008 megawatts on July 18.
Our power system's performance throughout the year is a tribute to our employees' dedication and effort in fossil, nuclear, hydro, bulk power trading, transmission, and all parts of the TVA system.
Environmental Stewardship and Economic Development We invested $182 million as part of our ongoing
$5.8 billion program to reduce emissions at our fossil plants. Weighing costs and benefits to properly address TVA's competing responsibilities and goals, TVA's emissions-reduction program seeks to meet and exceed all applicable legal requirements as cost-effectively as possible.
In response to requirements established by the Clean Air Act and its amendments, TVA has reduced sulfur dioxide emissions by 80 percent since 1977 and nitrogen oxide emissions during summer ozone seasons by 81 percent since 1995.
Today, our region's air is cleaner than it has been in our lifetimes.
As steward of the Tennessee River system, TVA effec-tively managed the demands of power production, navigation, flood control, recreation, water quality, water supply, and land use despite a year of low rainfall.
In fiscal year 2006, TVA and our state and local part-ners helped attract or retain some 53,000 jobs and leveraged investments of $4.2 billion in our region.
Financial Flexibility TVA is committed to keeping rates as low as feasible.
Sharp increases in the costs of coal, natural gas, and purchased power made it necessary for us to increase rates by 7.52 percent in October 2005 and another 9.95 percent in April 2006. In July, after prices had set-tled, the Board approved a 4.5-percent rate reduction, effective in October 2006. It also approved a fuel-cost-adjustment mechanism that will allow TVA to adjust rates as fuel and purchased-power costs rise and fall.
We reduced our total financing obligations by $341 mil-lion. This brought our total reduction over the past decade to almost $2.5 billion-from $27.7 billion to
$25.2 billion. In that time, the amount of each revenue dollar used to pay interest and other financing expenses has declined from 34 cents to 14 cents.
Strategic Plan This year TVA made the transition to an expanded Board of Directors. With its depth and breadth of experience, the new Board is bringing new ideas and strategies to the challenges we face.
Among its top priorities, the Board requested an updated strategic plan to reflect new realities in our business marketplace, notably the need for 1) new generating plants, 2) solutions on financing those plants, and 3) viable long-term contracts with our distributor customers.
In September, William S. "Skip" Orser joined TVA as interim chief operating officer. Skip is a capable leader with three decades of industry knowledge and a proven track record of success.
In this time of positive change and ongoing improve-ment, I join with the men and women of TVA in accepting the challenge of improving our numbers and renewing TVA's reputation. That means changing the way customers think of us, the way our partners do business with us, and even the way our critics and competitors view us, making TVA synonymous with efficiency, sustained value, creativity, and innovation.
I proudly accept Tom Kilgore President and CEO 6
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OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE We accept the challenge to raise the bar On the job, off the charts At left is Maintenance Coordinator Sam Hawkins of Shawnee Fossil Plant in Kentucky. In 2006, five units at Shawnee set continuous-run records, led by Unit 6, which set an all-time national record when it passed 1,017 days of continuous operation on November 30, 2006. In 2006, TVA's fossil sys-tem generated 100.2 million megawatt-hours of electricity, the second-highest amount in TVA's history.
Last summer, TVA's power sys-tem met 16 of its 20 all-time peaks, topped off by the peak of 32,008 megawatts on July 18, in a week that saw four consecutive peaks above 31,000 megawatts.
All 59 fossil units were in service for three of the four peak days, and all 72 combustion turbines and five nuclear units were in service for the week. While fac-ing one of the driest summers on record, TVA's hydro fleet was kept available to meet the higher-load evening hours. Despite the challenges of buying power during a widespread heat wave, TVA's Bulk Power Trading team not only purchased enough power to meet TVA's needs but also secured reliable natural gas supplies for TVA's combustion-turbine fleet and contracted com-bined-cycle facilities. TVA's transmission system experienced no significant reliability issues, despite the heavy loads.
Eleven combustion-turbine units-eight in Marshall County, Kentucky, and three in Gleason, Tennessee-are being pur-chased to further enhance TVA's flexibility in meeting future peak demands.
I proudly accept Sam Hawkins Maintenance Coordinator 9
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OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE We accept the challenge to innovate A powerful idea "In today's digital economy, keeping voltage levels constant and stable is vital," says Mike Ingram (left), general manager of Research and Development with TVA's Research and Technology Applications. Starting two years ago, Ingram helped develop, design, and test an innovative machine to protect transmission systems from voltage fluctuations and help prevent power interruptions.
Based on an idea from TVA Executive Vice President of Power System Operations Terry Boston and developed and commercialized by American Superconductor Corp. of Westborough, Mass., that machine is called SuperVAR. It's a dynamic synchronous condenser-a "shock absorber for the transmission grid"-that helps stabilize voltage by injecting or absorbing reactive power to minimize sudden large voltage fluctuations.
(In electrical terms, "VAR" stands for volt-amperes reactive, the measure of reactive power.)
SuperVAR earned TVA and Superconductor a prestigious R&D 100 Award from R&D Magazine and the Technology in the Service of Society ACE (Annual Creativity in Electronics) Award from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as "the technology having the greatest potential to provide the most overall benefit to humankind." SuperVAR also helped Ingram garner his second TVA Engineer of the Year award in five years.
I proudly accept Mike Ingram General Manager, Research and Development 13
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ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERSHIP We accept the challenge to help clear the air A better environment for future generations Atmospheric analyst Dr. Qi Mao is exploring and assessing the next-generation weather forecasting models for improving air quality simulation across the region. Dr. Mao (left, with his sons Allen and Max) earned his master's in meteorology at the Nanjing Institute of Meteorology and his Ph.D. in geophysical fluid dynamics at Florida State. Says Dr. Mao, "All my training comes into play as we assess complex atmospheric interactions at a regional level, which helps TVA's ongoing efforts to improve the air quality in the Valley."
Since 1977, TVA has reduced its sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions by approximately 80 percent through clean-air technologies-including scrubbers at seven of its larger units, with three more under construction-and switching to lower-sulfur coals. When the last scrubbers are completed, TVA's SO2 emissions should be reduced by as much as 85 percent from 1977 levels. Since 1995, TVA has reduced its nitrogen oxide (NO.) emissions during the summer (when ozone levels increase) by approximately 81 percent. It has done this by installing various combustion controls on all 59 coal-fired units and selective catalytic reduction technology on 21 of its units.
In 1995, TVA was the first energy provider to participate in the Climate Challenge, a voluntary government program for electric utilities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. TVA now sup-ports that program's successor, TVA's Clean Air Progress Climate Vision, which calls for 2.5-7 an 18-percent reduction in caa pur were S4.6 bilfton "6
greenhouse gas intensity by 2.0-so ns we-e 0% eow 2012. TVA is also a member of OzonoseasonNO. emssis were 81 % below 1995 levels the Southeast Regional Carbon a 1.5-T, gwwawo Sequestration Partnership and is working with the Electric 3
Power Research Institute and others to investigate technolo-gies for carbon dioxide capture
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0.0-0 1974 1980 1985 1998 1995 2000 2005 2010 I proudly accept Dr. I Mao Atmospheric Analyst, Research & Technology Applications 17
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THE VALLEY COMMUNITY We accept the challenge to give back A friend in TVA "It's fun to help other people," says Gil Francis (left) of TVA Communications. "You get a great sense of satisfaction working on a project where you can see the results of your work and know it's going to be a home for a deserving family that's working right alongside you."
The people of TVA share a common determination to make life bet-ter in the Valley. TVA volunteers help build Habitat for Humanity houses to give Valley families a brighter future. They donate their time, money, supplies, and equipment to support 79 schools in the region that are members of TVA's Partners in Education network.
Overall, in 2006 TVA employees donated more than 26,000 hours0 days <br />0 hours <br />0 weeks <br />0 months <br /> of volunteer service and nearly $4 million in cash and in-kind services.
TVA is more than the massive dams that harness the river and more than the soaring transmission lines that carry reliable and affordable power to the people of our region. TVA is a family of people who go to work every day helping to make a difference in our commu-nities and the lives of others.
I proudly accept Gilbert Francis Communications Specialist, News Bureau 21
SENIOR LEADERSHIP We accept the challenge to go from good to great Tom Kilgore President and CEO Terry Boston Executive Vice President, Power System Operations John J. Bradley Senior Vice President, Economic Development Kenneth R. Breeden Executive Vice President, Customer Resources Joseph R. Bynum Executive Vice President, Fossil Power Group Maureen H. Dunn Executive Vice President and General Counsel Theresa A. Flaim Senior Vice President, Pricing and Strategic Planning Peyton T. Hairston, Jr.
Senior Vice President, Communications
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John M. Hoskins Interim Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, Financial Services Kathryn J. Jackson Executive Vice President, River System Operations
& Environment, and Environmental Executive John E. Long, Jr.
Chief Administrative Officer and Executive Vice President, Administrative Services William S. "Skip" Orser Interim Chief Operating Officer Karl W. Singer Chief Nuclear Officer and Executive Vice President, TVA Nuclear 22
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Tennessee i~lm 158 power distributor customers
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108 municipal utilities Naion'slargest 50 electric cooperatives 34,95 me t62 directly served businesses and industries and federal agencies 12 exchange power arrangements*
8.7 million residents and 650,000 businesses and
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[I* *industries across an 80,000-square-mile service area 1covering most of Tennessee and parts of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, and 9
r Virginia 161ncludes an exchange arrangement with Tapoco Inc.,
a division of Alcoa Inc., which is one of TI/A's 62 Funde almost entirdirectly served customers S*no th n s a ion-reucion programs Valley residents and visitors Stewardofthe TennesseeRiver, the natios fif t rver sOutdoor recreation enthusiasts 49 damsforintegrated river. managem en.
Industries shipping goods by barge 11,00 mles of seoir ine Communities located along the Tennessee River and its tributaries, as well as those along the Ohio and 29,00
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State and national fish and wildlife agencies and park services 37 mil
-tax-euivlent paymentstVl s ta t 158 power distributor customers Site-selection consultants Industries ms 0illl0iotoai - -eveopet o
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$2.21Tillionfor r l i l de opmet a tios iFederal agencies partnersi wh dsowr Regional industrial development associations State and local economic developers 10 E i D n fd oics Chambers of commerce Public officials Business incubation network Universities and colleges 24
POWER SYSTEM STATISTICS At September 30 or for the years ended September 30, as appropriate (in millions) 2006 2005 PERCENT CHANGE 1-
-~
System input (millions of kilowatt-hours)
System generation Hydro, including pumped storage Fossil Nuclear Combustion turbine and diesel generators Green power Total net generation Purchased Total system input System output (millions of kilowatt-hours)
Sales Municipalities and cooperatives Industries directly served Federal agencies and other Total sales Other Change in accounting estimate Losses Total system output Winter net dependable capacity (megawatts)
System peak load (megawatts) - summer System peak load (megawatts) - winter Number of employees at September 30 Percent winter dependable generating capacity Fossil Nuclear Hydro Combustion turbine 9,961 99,630 45,313 613 19 15,723 98,404 45,156 595 18 155,536 159,896 20,017 16,637 175,553 176,533 143,343 136,640 30,987 30,872 2,040 3,986 176,370 171,498 1,038 1,806 (4,707) 2,852 3,229 175,553 176,533 (37) 1
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TVA's power system helps the region to thrive and residents to enjoy a better quality of life by delivering reliable, affordable electric power.
TVA provides one of the most efficient and reliable transmission systems in the nation:
" Achieving 99.999-percent reliability for seven straight years
" Monitoring and maintaining more than 17,000 miles of transmission line
" Providing accessibility through 1,045 individual interchange and connection points
" Managing some 260,000 right-of-way acres TVA is working aggressively to further improve air quality.
TVA manages the following uses of the Tennessee River system:
o Flood damage reduction o Navigation
- Power production
- Water quality
- Water supply o Recreation 0 Land use TVA's management of the river system provides a platform for eco-j, nomic development throughout the Valley and supports 21.8 million recreation-user-days annually.
TVA builds business and community partnerships that bring jobs to our region-and keep them here-to make our economy stronger.
Resources include:
e World-class power reliability and attractive rate options
- Site-location services, such as TVAsites.com, a comprehensive land-and-buildings database
- Help for target industries-automotive, plastics, food, and distribution/warehousing
- Certified megasites that feature industry-ready properties e Financial and technical assistance for new and existing industries
- Programs to help communities prepare for economic growth 25
1 01 1, WIN Wý 26
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INVESTOR INFORMATION Financing Goal TVA's financing goal is to offer unique investment opportunities that provide exceptional value for both the investor and TVA.
Bond and Note Maturities At September 30, 2006, TVA had 87 long-term bonds and notes outstanding, of various final maturities, which totaled $20.51 billion.
TVA had $2.38 billion in short-term Discount Notes outstanding at September 30, 2006.
W Discount Notes m <1 through 10 years m 11 through 30 years m 31 through 50 years W Other Long-Term Power Bonds 0
Discount Notes Other Financing Obligations M electronotes M Putable Automatic Rate Reset Securities (PARRS)
Financing Structure At September 30, 2006, TVA had $22.89 billion of bonds and notes outstanding, including short-term Discount Notes, electronotes, PARRS, and other Power Bonds.
TVA also had $2.35 billion of Other Financing Obligations outstanding for Total Financing Obligations of $25.24 billion.
Key features of TVA bonds Credit Ratings: TVA's rated Power Bonds are rated Aaa by Moody's Investors Service and AAA by Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings.
Statutory Requirements: The TVA Act requires TVA to set power rates sufficient to pay, among other things, debt service on out-standing bonds.
First Pledge of Payment: Holders of TVA bonds and notes are given first pledge of payment from net power proceeds.
Purpose of Issuance: TVA may issue securities only to provide capital for its power program or to refund existing indebtedness.
TVA may issue other power pro-gram financings that rank on par-ity with, but not ahead of, TVA's senior bonds and notes.
State & Local Tax Exemption: Both principal and interest on TVA secu-rities are generally exempt from state and local income taxes.
T7A securities are backed solely by the net power proceeds of the TVA power system and are neither obli-gations of nor guaranteed b4 the United States Government.
Form and Denomination Security electronotes (62 issues)
PARRS (2 issues) 2003 Series A Sterling Global 2001 Series B Sterling Global 1998 Series H Sterling Global Other Power Bonds (20 issues)
Book-Entry Form The Depository Trust Company The Depository Trust Company The Depository Trust Company The Depository Trust Company The Depository Trust Company Federal Reserve Bank System Denomination*
$1,000
$25
£1,000
£1,000
£1,000
$1,000 Payments Varies with offering Quarterly Annual Annual Semi-annual Various
- Market prices and broker policies may require investors to pay more or less than par value for a security in secondary market transactions. These pages do not include all information about TVA or TVA securities that is important for making investment decisions.
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