ML20079M935
| ML20079M935 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Brunswick  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1982 |
| From: | Benedict C CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| RTR-NUREG-1437 AR, NUDOCS 9111110008 | |
| Download: ML20079M935 (311) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:- _ - l l l L l BRUNSWICK STEAM l ELECTRIC PLANT _ l I I ANNUAL BIOLOGICAL I MONITORING REPORT I 1982 1 l VOLUME I I l ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY SECTION I CP
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_ BRUNSWICK STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT BIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM 1982 REPORT Prepared By: C. Benedict Impingement 1 G. F. Booth Project Sciantist C. S. Cates Water Quality D. S. Cooke Larval Fish K. A. MacPherson Editor K. L. Nichols E6trainment L. W, Pollard liigh Marsh M. E. Shepherd Statistics R. G. Serfinski Discrete Depth T. E. Thompeen Nekton I Environmental Technology Section CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY Apr14 1983 Reviewed and Approved By: Paobig J.DJtt M L. Principal Scientist Biology Unit This report was prepared under my supervision and df.rection, and I accept the responsibility for its content.
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Manager'~ Environmental Technology Section j .
s W L Acknewledgments I L Many individuals not directly invvived in the preparation of this report were instrumental in the collection, identification, and processing of sampics required in this investigation. Debbie Calhoun, John Crutchfield, Della Lanier, Preston McLendon, and Tina Reece provided field { and laboraton support on all studies. Steve Parrish and Danny Fulford assisted with field collection and kept the fieb c y.ipt.ent and boats operating. Steve was invaluable as boat captain of the Paula. Sandra Foole assisted in the graphics and Missy Whitfield typed the many drafts and final of this report. Joe Donaghy an! John Hackman provided assistance in data analysis. Susan Bowling provided support in data entry and verification, l t i I I I I I .
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1 Table of Contents I Page Acknowledgements................................................. 11 List of Tab 1es................................................... vii I List of Figures.................................................. x I Me t r i c-En gli s h Co nve r s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix I Summary.......................................................... xx
1.0 INTRODUCTION
.............................................. 1-1 2.0 WATER QUALITY............................................. 2-1 2.1 In t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 Sampling Stations......................................... 2-1 2.3 hethods................................................... 2-1 I 2.4 Results and Discussion.................................... 2-2 3.0 LARVAL /POSTLARVAL FISH.................................... 3-1 I 3.1 Introduction.............................................. 3-1 3.2 Methods................................................... 3I 3.2.1 Sample Collection......................................... 3-1 3.2.2 Samp l e An a ly s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3.2.3 Data Analysis............................................. 3-2 Trend Analysis............................................ 3-2 Discrete Depth Split-Plot Model........................... 3-3 3.2.4 River Larval Fish Sampling................................ 3-4 3-4 I Station Description....................................... Sampling Procedure........................................ 3-4 3.2.5 Di a c r e t e De p th Samp l i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 l 3.2.6 Entrainment Sampling...................................... 3-6 l
- 3.3 Re s ul t s and Di s cu s s i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 El l
t
r Page 3.3.1 River Larval Fish......................................... 3-6 Dominant Species.......................................... 3-6 Seasonality............................................... 3-6 1982 River Larval /Pos tlarval Abund ance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 Year Comparisons.......................................... 3-7 bapth Comparisons......................................... 3-8 Stat;on Comparisons....................................... 3-9 Trend Analysis 1977-1982.................................. 3-10 3.3.2 Discrete Depth Samp11ng................................... 3-10 Water Quality............................................. 3-10 Densities....... ......................................;.. 3-11 Analysis of Variance and Duncan's Multiple Range Test Results ................................................ 3-12 Period.................................................... 3-12 Tida1..................................................... 3-12 Depth..................................................... 3-12 3.3.3 Entrainment............................................... 3-14 Dominant Species.......................................... 3-14 S e a s o nali t y and Abu nd a nc e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 3-14 N u m b e r E n t r a i n ed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 16 Cropping Rate............................................. 3-17 Diel Patterns............................................. 3-18 T r e nd An a l y s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 3.4 S umma ry a nd C o nc l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 4.0 HIGH MARSH................................................ 4-1 4.1 I n t r od u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.2 Methods................................................... 4-1 4.2.1 Station Description....................................... 4-1 4.2.2 S am p l i n g Me t h od s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 4.3 Re s ul ts a nd Di s cus s i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 4.3.1 Catch by Cear Type........................................ 4-3 4.3.2 Seasonal Distribution..................................... 4-4 Total Organisms........................................... 4-5 M a nh ad e n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 iv
I I = Bay Anchov l ..... ......................................... 4-6 Mummichog................................................. 4-6 I /.tlantic S11vorside....................................... Spot...................................................... 4-7 4-7 C_roaker................................................... 4-8 3 S t r i p ed Mu 1 : e t,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'e - 8 White Mu11et.............................................. 4-9 F l o u nd e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 Brown Shrimp,........................................... .. 4-10 Pink Shrimp,............................................... 4-11 Uhite Shrimp.............................................. 4-11 Blue Crabi.,................................................ 4-12 4.3.3 Spatial Distribution...................................... (-13 Within Creek.............................................. I Within the Estuary...... ................................. 4-13 4-13 4.3.4 Ef fects of Salinity, Temperature, and Percent Organica o n A bu nd a n c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Salinity.................................,................ 4-16 Temperature............................................... 4-16 Parcet.: Organics.......................................... 4-16 4.3.5 Stanliig Crop Estimates................................ .. 4 -1 *i 4.4 S um:na ry and Co nc 1 u s i o t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17 5.0 EKT0N.................................................... 5-1 5.1 I n t r od u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 5.1 Methods................................................... 5-1 5.3 Re s u l t s a nd D i s c u s s i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 5.3.1 Total 0rganisos...................... .................... 5-2 5.3.2 Species Accounts.......................................... 5-3 Menhaden..........................................,....... 5-3
,B_ a y_An c h o vy,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
_Seatrout.................................................. 5-6 Spot...................................................... 5-6 5-8 Croaker................................................... ,I v
i fage_ [fu*let.................................................... 5-9 F 1 o u nd e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Other Finfish............................................. 5-10 Non-F1nfish............................................... 3-10 Brmtn Shrimp.............................................. 5-10 Pink Shrimp............................................... 5-11 White Shrimp.............................................. 5-12 Blue Crab................................................. 5-13 5.4 S u mm a ry a M C o n c l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13 6.0 1MPINGEMENT............................................... 6-1 6.1 I n t r od u c t i o t 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 g 6.2 Methods................................................... 6-1 5 6.3 Results and Discussion.................................... 6-3 6.3.1 Species Composition....................................... 6-3 6.3.2 Seasonality............................................... 6-3 6.3.3 Flow Rates................................................ 6-4 6.3.4 Day-Night Comparisons..................................... 6-4 6.3.5 Yearly Comparisons........................................ 6-4 0.3.6 Length Frequency.......................................... 6-3 6.3.7 Diversion Structure....................................... 6-5 6.4 S umma ry a ni c o n c l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 7.0 LITERATURE CITED.......................................... 7-1 I I I v1 5
v L - List of Tables I s la M, 3, ,Pja 3 i+, ( 1.1 BSEP 1982 biological moni toring prograin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 1.2 S p e c i e s a n a l y r al by p r o g r a m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 3.1 Trip number, date, ef forts and annlysis period for river larval fish project, 1982................................. 3-21 3.2 Total density (number /1003 cubic meters) ntui percent total of fish, penacid r.hrimp, atal portunid crabs collected in the Cape rear River September 1979 to August 1982............................................... 3-22 3.3 Results of ANOVA for summer larval fish (September 1976 - August 1982............................................... 3-27 1 3.4 Results of ANOVA for vinter larval fish (September 1976 - August 1982............................................... 3-29 3.5 River larval fish tretal analysis September 1976 to August 1982............................................... 3-31 3.6 Mean density f rom 1979,1981, and 1982 discrete depth campling program.......................................... 3-32 3.7 ANOVA (split plot model) for 1982 discrete depth sampling by cpecins................................................ 3-33 3.8 Trip number, date, efforts, arvi analysis week for 1 entrainment project, 1982................................. 3-37 3.9 Total density (number /1000 m 3
) and percent total of fish, I penacid shrimp, anl crabs entrained September 1979 to August 1982............................................... 3-38 3.10 Entrainment rates (million number per day) f rom September 1981 to August 1982....................................... 3-42 lp 3.11 Entrainment densities (mean per day) f rom September 1981 to August 1982............................................ 3-43 l 3.12 Results of analysis of vatiance for entrainment, l September 1974 to August 1982 (Log 10 [ density + 10] -
vinter species on1y)...................................... 3-44 3.13 Results of analysis of v riance f or ent raintrent , September 1974 to August 1982 (1.oggo [ density + 10} - summer apecies on1y)...................................... 3-46 l vii
l Table Page 3.14 Entrainment treni analysis, September 1974 to August 1982...................................................... 3-48 4.1 Total catch ani percent total of orgsnisms collectol in h i g h ma r s h s t ud y , 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20 4.2 Results of analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test indicating statistical dif f erences between creeks CPt'E f or Loggo (Cet'E + 1) high marsh 1982. . . . . . . . . . 4-24 4.3 Salinity, temperature, and substrate organic pref erences f or s ele c t ea s pe cie s i n hi gh ita r sh s t d y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 4.4 Spring standing crop estimates for high marsh 1982.. . . . . . . 4-28 4.5 Fall standing crop e s timates f or high marsh 1982. . . . . . . . . . 4-29 5.1 Trip number, dates, ef f or ts, and analysis for nekton small trawls, 1982........................................ 5-15 5.2 Total nueber, total weight, mean number, mean treight, pe rcer. total number, and percent totul of species g collected in nekton email trawls, 1982 (adjusted for g duration)................................................ . 5-16 5.3 Ten most abundant fish caught in small trawls and percent of total number and weight, January to December 1982 and all years combined,1979 through 1982 (adjusted foiduration)............................................. 5-20 5.4 Six most abundant non-finfish caught in small trawls and percent of totsi number and total weight, January to g December 1982 and for all years combined,1979 to 1982 g ( ad j u s t ed f o r d u r a t i on ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21 5.5 Hean number, mean weight, and per::ent total for all years of species collected in nekton small trawl, 1979-1982 ( ad j u s t ed f o r d u r a t i o n ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22 5.6 Results of ANOVA foi nekton Loggo (CP'JE + 1), small trawl, January 1979 through December 1982........................ 5-23 5.7 Results of ANOVA for nekton Log January 1981throughDecemberlho(CPUE+1), 82........................ 5-28 5.8 Results of ANOVA for nekton Loggo (CPUE + 1), 1982........ 5-33 6.1 A summary of impingement at BSEP, January - December 1982...................................................... 6-7 Ten most abundant species and percent of the total 6.2 impingement catch, January - December 1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 viii I
j Table Page 4 6.3 Total nun,ber an! weight of species impinged at BSEP . January - Decetnber 1982................................... 6-9 } 6.4 Expated monthly linpingeteent dat a, January - December 4 g 1982...................................................... 6-13 3 j 6.5 fiumbers isopinged per million cubic meters of water ent rained during each month, January - December 1982. . . . . . 6-17 I <6 k'eight impinged per million cubic tueters of water entrained during each month. January - Dec( mber 1982. . . . . . 6-17 6.7 h' umbers, weight atd percent total by perled of total organisms itopingt d per million cubic meters of water 6-18 I 6.8 e n t r a i n ed , 1 9 3 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duncan's multiple range comparison for organisms impinged January 1975 through December 1982 by numbers anl volght i (Kg)...................................................... 6-19 I I I
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L List of Figures s Tigur( Pm [ 1.1 Larval /Postlarval and water quality sampling locations.. .. 1-6 1.2 liigh marsh sampling areas ani nekton sampling locations. .. 1,8 ( 2.1 Weekly bottom salinity b/ static.n, September 1981 to December 1982............................................. 2-3 2.2 Average weekly river water tc yara tre, S 'tember 1981 to December 1982............................ ................ 2-4 3.1 Discrete depth sampling bottom A j < 4 net............... 3-49
'l . 2 Discrete depth samp3 Ang tide tabu)< tion graph (high slack start).................................................... 3-50 3.3 Discrete depth sampling tide tabulation graph (low slack start).................................................... 3-51 3.4 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for spot, 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................................ 3-52 l 3.5 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for croaker, B 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................................ 3-52 3.6 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density f or mullet, 1 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................................ 3-53 3.7 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean denalty for menhaden, 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................................ 3-53 3.8 River larval fish surf ace / bottom nean density for seatrout, 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................... ............ 3-54 3.9 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for flounder,1982 vs. 1977-1981 average ..................... 3-54 3.10 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for shrimp, 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average (shaded area = brown shrimp a n a l y s i s p e r i od ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55 3.11 R'ver larval fish surface / bottom mean density for anchovies, 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average..................... 3-55 3.12 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for Cobiosoms spp., 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average................ 3-56 3.13 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for Cobionellus spp., 1982 vs. 1977-1981 average.............. 3-56 l
l Figure Page 3.14 River larval fish surf ace / bottom mean density for total fish,1982 vs.1977-1981 average.......................... 3-57 3.15 River larval fish, area mean densities for croaker.1982.. 3-58 3-16 River larval fish, area mean densities for spot, 1982..... 3-58 3.17 River larval fish, area mean densities f or menhaden, 1982...................................................... 3-59 3.18 River larval fish, area mean densities for mullet, 1982... 3-59 3.19 River larval fish, area mean densities for flounder, 3-60 I 1982...................................................... 3.20 River larval fish, area mean densities for seatrout, 1982...................................................... 3-60 3.21 River larval fish, area mean densities for anchovies, 1982...................................................... 3-61 3.22 River larval fish, area mean densities for shrimp,1982 ( shad ed area = brown shrimp analysis pe rio3 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61 3.23 River larval fish, area mean densities for Gobionellus l spp., 1982................................................ 3-62 5 3.24 River larval fish, area mean densities for Gobionoma, app., 1982...................................................... 3-62 3.25 River larval fish, area densities for total fish, 1982.... 3-63 3.26 River larval fish trerd analysis f or s pot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64 I 3.27 River larval fish trend analysis for croaker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64 3.28 River larval fish trend analysis f or mu11et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65 3.29 River larval fish trend analysis for menhad en. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65 3.30 River larval fish trend analysis for pink & white shr1mp.................................................... 3-66 3.31 River larval fish trerd analysis f or brown shrimp. . . . . . . . . 3-66 3.32 River larval fish trend analysis for seatrout . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67 3.33 River larval fish treni analysis f or flound er. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67 3.34 River larval fish trend analysis for Gobiosoma spp. . . . . . . . 3-68 3.35 River larval fish trend analysis f or Gobinellus spp. . . . . .. 3-68 xi l
I Figure Page 3.36 River larval fish trent analysis for anchovies............ 3-69 3.37 River larval fish trend analysis for total fish. . . . . . . . . . . 3-69 3.38 Discreto depth sampling temperature profiles, 1982........ 3-70 3.39 Discrete depth sampling salinity profilen, 1982........... 3-71 3.40 Discrete deptt s mpling density profiles, bay anchovy, 1982............................ .......................... 3-72 3.41 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, croaker, 1982...................................................... 3-73 I 3.42 Discrete depth sampling density profiles. flound er 1982.............................................. ....... 3-78 I 3.43 Discrete depth campling density profiles, menhaden, 1982...................................................... 3-79 3.44 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, mullet I 1982.............................................,......... 3-80 3.45 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, 1982......................................pinfish, ................ 3-81 3.46 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, spot, 1982...... 3-82 3.47 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, total or 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........
. . . . . g a n i s3-87 ms, 3.48 Discrete depth sampling density by tide profiles, croaker, 1982............................................. 3-88 I 3.49 Discrete depth sampling density by tide profiles, spot, 1982...................................................... 3-89 3.50 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, period by :ide by d e p t h , c r o a k e r , 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-90 l 3.51 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, tide by depth, l froaker, 1982............................................. 3-92 3.52 Entrainment day / night mean density for total fish,1982 vs. 1975-1981 average..................................... 3-93 3.53 Entrainment day / night mean density for spot, 1932 vs.
1975-1981 average......................................... 3-94 3.54 Entrainment day / night mean density for croaker,1982 vs. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-94 1 l l
I Figure Page 3.55 Entrainment day / night mean density for flounder,1982 vs. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-95 1 3.56 Entrainment day / night mean density for mullet, 1982 vs. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-95 l 1 3.57 Entrainment day / night mean density for menhaden, 1982 vs. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-96 EI 5 3.58 Entrainment day / night mean density for shrimp, 1982 vs. g 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-96 gj 3.59 Entrainment day / night mean density for anchovies,1982 vs. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-97 3.60 Entrainment day / night mean density for seatrout, 1982 vc. 1975-1981 average......................................... 3-97 3.61 Entrainment day / night mean density for Cobionellus sp., 1982 vs. 1975-1981 average................................ 3-98 3.62 Entrainment day / night mean density for Gobiosoma spp., 1982 vs. 1975-1981 average................................ 3-98 3.63 Entrainment linear trerd analysis for spot, September 1974 to August 1982............................................ 3-99 I 3.64 Entrainment linear treni analysis for croaker, September 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-99 3.65 3 Entrainment linear trend analysis for seatrout, September g 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-100 3.66 Entrainment linear trerd analysis for flounder, September 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-100 3.67 Entrainment linear trerd analysis for mullet, September g 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-101 g 3.68 Entrainment linear trerd analysis for menhaden, September 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-101 3.69 Entrainment linear trend analysis for total fish., September 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-102 3.70 Entrainment linear trerd analysis for brown shrimp, September 1974 to August 1982............................. 3-102 3.71 Entrainment linear treni analysis for Gobiosoma spp., September 1974 to August 1982............................. 3-103 l xiii l
Figure Page 3.72 Entrainment linear treni analysis - Cobionellus spp. - I S e p t e mbe r 19 7 4 t o Au gu s t 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-103 3.73 Entrainment linear treni analysis.for anchovies, September 1974 to August 1982....................................... 3-104 3.74 Entrainment linear trerd analysis pink & white shrimp - S e p t e mbe r 19 7 4 t o Au gu s t 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-104 4.1 Mean CPUE of total organisms by creek for high marsh, 1982....................................>................. 4-30 4.2 Mean CPUE of Atlantic menhaden by creek for high marsh, 1982...................................................... 4-31 4.3 Length frequencies of Atlantic menhaden collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982............................... 4-32 4.4 Length frequencies of Atlantic menhaden collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981............................... 4-33 4.5 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by creek for high marsh, 1982.... 4-34 4.6 Length frequencies of bay anchovy collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-35 4.7 Length frequencies of bay anchovy collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981......>................................... 4-36 4.8 Mean CPUE of mummichog by creek for high marsh, 1982...... 4-37 4.9 Length frequencies of mummichog collected by seines for high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-38 I 4.10 Mean CPUE of Atlantic si3 terside by creek for high marsh, 1982...................................................... 4-39 Length f requencies of Atlantic silverside collectal by I 4.11 seines for high carsh, 1982............................... 4-40 4.12 Mean CPUE of spot by creek for high marsh, 1982........... 4-41 4.13 Length frequencies of spot collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982............................................... 4-42 4.14 Length frequencies of spot collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981............................................... 4-43 4.15 Mean CPlJE of Atlantic croaker by creek for high marsh, 1982...................................................... 4-44 I I ~
Figure Page 4.16 Length f requencies of Atlantic croaker collected by t r awl s f o r hi gh ma r sh , 19 81. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-45 ( 4.17 Length Irequencies of Atlantic croaker co11ceted by t r awl s f o r hi gh ma r s h , 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46 4.18 Length frequencies of Atlantic croaker collected by t r awl s f o r hi gh ma r sh , 19 8 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47 4.19 Mean CPtTE of striped mullet by creek for high marsh, 1982..................,................................... 4-48
]
4.20 Length frequencies of stripal mullet collectal by seines f o r hi g h ma r s h , 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-49 1 4.21 Length frequencies of striped mullet collected by seines for high marsh, 1981...................................... 4-50 4.22 Mean CPUE of white mullet by creek for high marsh, 1982... 4-51 4.23 Length frequer c tes of white mullet collected by seines for high marsh, 1982...................................... 4-52 4.24 Length frequencies of white mullet collected by seines for high marsh, 1981...................................... 4-53 4.25 Hean CPUE of flounder by creek for high marsh,1982. . . . . . . 4-54 4.26 Length frequencies of southern flounder collected by travis for high marsh, 1981............................... 4-55 4.27 Length frequencies of southern flounder collectal by trawls for high marsh, 1982............................... 4-56 4.28 Length frequencies of summer flounder collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982............................... 4-57 4.29 Mean CPUE of brown shrimp by creek for high marsh, 1982... 4-58 4.33 Length frequencies of brown shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982...................................... 4-59 4.31 Length frequencies of brown shrimp collected by travis for high marsh, 1981...................................... 4-60 4.32 Mean CPUE of pink shrimp by creek for high marsh, 1982.... 4-61 4.33 Length frequencies of pink shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982...................................... 4-62 4.34 Length frequencies of pink shrimp collected by trawls l f o r hi g h ma r s h , 19 81. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63 g 1 g-l I xv
Figure Page 4.35 Mean CPUE of white shrimp by creek for high marsh, 1982... 4-64 4.36 Length frequencies of white shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982...................................... 4-65 4.37 Length frequencies of white shrimp collected by travis for high marsh, 1981...................................... 4-66 4.38 Mean CPUE of blue crabs by creek for high marsh,1982. . . . . 4 '7 4.39 Length frequencies of blue crabs collected by trawls f or high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-68 4.40 Length frequrncies of blue crabs enllected by trawls for high marsh, 1981.......................................... 4-69 4.41 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by station for Baldhead Creek, high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-70 I 4.42 Mean CPUE of Atlantic silverside by station for Baldhead Creek, high marsh, 1982................................... 4-71 4.43 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by station for Walden Creek, high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-72 4.44 Mean CPUE of flounder by station for Walder Creek, high marsh, 1982............................................... 4-73 4.45 Mesa CPUE of pink shrimp by station for Walden Creek, high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-74 I 4.46 Mean CPUE of white shrimp by station for Walden Creek, high marsh, 1982.......................................... 4-75 5.1 CPUE of tctal organisms collected in nekton small trawls, I. 1979 through 1982......................................... 5-38 5.2 CPUE of Atlantic menhaden collected in nekton small trawls, 1979 through 1982................................. 5-39 5.3 Length f requencies of Atlantic menhaden callected in nekton trawls, 1982....................................... 5-40 5.4 CPUE of bay anchovy collected in nekton small trawls, 1979 through 1982......................................... 5-41 5.5 Length frequencies of bay anchovy collected in nekten trawls, 1982.............................................. 5-42 I 5.6 CPUE of weakfish collected in nekton small trawls,1979 through 1982.............................................. 5-43 xvi
I Figure Page 5.7 Length frequencien of weakfish collected in nekton trawls, 3 1982...................................................... 5-44 l 5.8 CPUE of spot collected in nekton small trawls,1979 through 1982.............................................. 5-45 ' 5.9 Length frequencies of spot collected in nekten travis, 1982...................................................... 5-46 5.10 CPUE of Atlantic croaker collectal in nekton small trawls, 1979 through 1982......................................... 5-47 5.11 Length frequencies of Atlantic croaker collectal in nekton trawls, 1982.............................................. 5-48 5.12 CPUE of brown shrimp collectai in nekten small trawls, 1979 through 1982......................................... 5-49 5.13 Length frequencies of brown shrimp collected in nekton travis, 1982.............................................. 5-50 5.14 CPUE of pink shrimp collectai in nekten small trawls, 1979 through 1982.............................................. 5-51 5.15 Length frequencies of pink shrimp collected in nekten trawls, 1982.............................................. 5-52 5.16 CPUE of white shrimp collected in nekton small trawls,1979 through 1982............................................ . 5-53 5.17 Length frequencies of white shrimp collected in nekton trawls, 1982.............,................................ 5-54 3 5 5.18 CPUE of blue crab collected in nekton ems 11 trawls, 1979 through 1982.............................................. 5-55 6.1 Total monthly rates of water entrained at BSEP. . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 6.2 Monthly numbers and weights (kg) of organisms impinged day vs. night, 1982....................................... 6-21 6.3 Length frequency of Atlantic menhaden impinged, 1982...... 6-22 6.4 Length f requency of bay anchovy impinged , 1982. . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23 6.5 Length f requency of weakfish impinged 1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24 6.6 Length frequency of spot imp i n g ed , 19 8 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25 6.7 Length frequency of Atlantic croaker impinged ,1982. . . . . . . 6-26 6.8 Length f requency of brown shrimp impinged , 1982. . . . . . . . . . . 6-27 xvil
I Figure Page 6.9 Length frequency of pink chrimp for 1982.................. 6-28 6.10 Length frequency of white shrimp impinged. 1982........... 6-29 I 6.11 Number ani veight of organises impinged per million cubic meters of water entrained during the month of December, 1977-1982................................................. 6-30 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I g .m
Metric-English Conversions I Length g l gI i 1 millimeter (mm) = 0.04 inch I centimeter (cm) = 10 exa = 0.4 inch 1 meter (m) = 100 cm = 3.28 f eet 1 kilometer (km) = 1000 m = 0.62 mile Area I 1squaremater(m)=fId78squarefeet 2 ' 1 hectare (ha) = 10,000~m2 = 2.47 acres I trei ght_ 1 milligram ( ) = 0.015 grains 1 gram (g) = 1000 y; = 0.035 ounce i 1 kilogram (k )- -1000 g = 2.2 pounds G l 1 metric ton = 1000 kg = 1.1 tons I volume d . 1 mil Li E (ml) = 0.034 fluid ounce 1 liter (II=1000ml-0.26 gallons I . I I xix g l l: .. _ _ _._ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ __ _ __ __ _ _ _ . . _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . , , _ _ _ _ _ _ .
Summary I w The results presentel in thin report continue to document the lack of any reessu rable impact on the fish and shellfish populations of the Cape Fear estuary (CFE) as a result of the operation of the Brunswick ~ Sscam Electric Plant (BSEP). I The ma jo ri ty of the more abund ant fish a ni shellfish larvae c ollec ted in the CTE is spawnei offshore, but utilizes various sections I of the estuary as primary nur se ry g r ou nd s . These fish and shellfish, which incluie the commercially lupartant spot, croaker, flounder, mullet, I sentrout, ine nhad e n , ard shrimp, move by the plant on their way to primary nu r se ry areas. Some of these larvae pass through the plant with the plant's cooling water (i .e. , they are ent rained ) . The remaining larvae utilize the estuary as a nurse ry 4.a ca. I River larval fish density comparisons show higher than averano (1977-1981) densities in 1982 for anchovies, croaker, spot, mullet, brown shrimp, me nhad e n , seatrout, Gobionellun spp. , and flounder. As a result, the density of total fish was also higher than the average. Linear trend I analysis show an increase in densities of brown shrittp ani cronker and relatively constant densities of anchovies, f lound e r, pink ard white I shrimp, seatrout, and spot for the years 1976 through 1982. Discreto depth data show that spot ard croaker were core a bund ant in the bottom half of the water column which results in them being carried upstream away f rom the plant with the net nontidal drif t. Entrainment densities in 1982 were not different from densities reported from all the river larval fish station densities. After nine years of plant o pe r rf. l o n, the number of larvae entering and being distributed a round the estuary each I year has remained constant or increased . These results show that plant operation is not having a measurable impact on larval recruitment and distribution within the CFE. High ma rsh data show that catch per-unit efforts (CPUEs) of all species analyzed, except Atlantic silverside, were higher at WaHen Creek and the upriver areas than at Baldhead Creek. Cencrally, fish abundance was higher in the mid to upstrearn areas of a tidal creek. XX
Nekton data colle c t ed in 1982 provido further documentation that I upriver areas above Snow's Cut serve as nursery grounds for cany selected species. Fish and shellfish utilizing these areas are situated away f rom the plant. The catch of total organisms for 1982 was the highest of the past four years. Menhaden, bay anchovy, spot, croaker, pink shrimp, and white shrimp vare also caught in better than average numbers, while weak-fish, brown shriep, and southern flounder numbers were about average, and only pink shrimp numbers declined. ImpinCement was much higher during January and June than the other months due to low water tettperatures ani low salinities. Impingement was lower than in past years during the last half of the year beesuse of red uced flows and construction of the diversion structure. In mid
- November, the diversion structure was completed, and December's impinge-ment was the lowest ever record ed for that month. In addition to reducing overall impingement, the diversion structure will also eliminate period s of heavy impingement due to red uced water temperatures and I salinities. 5 The biological monitoring studies continue to show that larvae of the commercially important offshore spawners are able to enter the estuary, distribute to their preferred nursery ground , and mature in the tidal creeks and upstream nursery areas without being af fected by plant operations.
I E E E ' I l xxi
I
1.0 INTRODUCTION
in early January 1981, Carolina Power and Light coepany (CP6L) suc-cessfully reached an agreement with the North Carolina Division of Environmental Managetent (DEM) ani the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which eliminatM the need for construction of cooling towers at the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant (BSEP) near Southport, North Carolina. One stipulation of the agreement was that biological moni-toring be continued that would provid e sufficient information to allow I for a continuing assessment of the impact of the BSEP on the Cape Fear Estuary (CTE) with particular eephasis on the marine fisheries. With some mod ifica tion this biological monitoring rnquirement is a continu-ation of research that had been corducted on the CFE by various investi-gators since 1976 and as a result, some programs in this report will discuss t rend s from 1976 to 19P2. The 1981 BSEP Annual Biological Monitoring Report (CP&L 1992) contains more detailed sampling methodology and station descriptions than are included in this report. I The various segments of the 1982 BSEP Biological Monitoring Program are ou tlined in Table 1.1. The river larval fish and entrainment pro-I grams use relative seasonal abund ance data to monitor a nd assess the larval cropping rates by the BSEP. The discrete depth program defines peak winter larval densities by depth, t id e , and photoperiot to better evaluate the movement of larval fish in the Cape Tear River (CFR). l The nekton and high carsh programs use relative seasonal abundance, species composition, aM relative site distribution data to monitor popu-I lations of fish and shellfish in the CFE, while the impingement program uses the same types of data to determine cropping rates of juveniles and adults from these populations by the BSEP. The study periods evaluated in this report dif fer by program. The river larval fish and entrainment programs report on data collected from September 1981 through AuCust 1982 to better cor respord to pe riod s of 1-1
larval recruitment, while the nekton, high marsh, and impingement pro-grams report on data collected from January through December 1982. The stations sampled by each program ate shown in Figures 1.1 and 1.2. Figure 1.1 contains the 6ampling locations for the river larval fish, discrete depth, and entrainment programs. The river larval fish l stations sere grouped into f our ad jacent areas (A, B, C, ard D), distin- ! guished primarily by salinity, to permit analysis of the spatial distri-butions of larvae and postlarvae as they moval through the estuary. The stations were grouped as follows: Area Stations A - Lower Estuary 11 (Dutchman Creek) 18 (Buoy 15) B - Mouth of the Intake Canal 24 (Walden Creek) 25 (Buoy 19) C - Middle Estuary 37 (Buoy 27) D - Upper Estuary 34 (Buoy 38) 41 (Buoy 42) Figure 1.2 shows the high marsh and nekton sampling locations. Because several stations were sampled in each creek by the high 'narsh program, the entire creek is designated as a sampling area. A more de-tailed illustration of specific sampling locations within these areas can be found in the last annual report (CP&L 1982). A li st of fish and shellfish on which analyses were performed is I presented by program in Table 1.2. The majority of these are recre-ationally and/or commercially important species and with few exceptions are ocean-spawned . The others are used for analysis because they occur in large numbers within the estuary and are consid ered indicators of estuarine conditions. Data were analyz ed using analysis of variance - l (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple tange test. Logio (density + 1) (river larval fish and discrete depth), logio (density + 10) (entrainment), logio (CPUE + 1) (high marsh and nekton), and logio (number + 1) N (impingement) was used in the analysis. The effects tested were year, I 1-2 E_
7 f depth, station, week (or month), tid e , ard /or pe ri od , d e pend ing on the program. Solid lines connect means which are not significantly different r in the Doncan multiple range test results. Ti r.h were nara s ured using l s t arvj a rd length (SL), shritop using total length, aid crabs using carapace J width. Another stipulation of the settlement was the construction of a permanent fish diversion structure across the mouth of the intake canal to prevent larger fish atvi shellfish from entering the canal and being impinged at the plant. This structure was fully operative on November 15, 1982 and 1upingement decreased to approumately 10% of the level of previous years even though organisms were already in the canal upon completion of the structure. This report is divided into tve volun.ca. Volume I contains the text aid Volume 11 contains tatice rtd figuren. Parcs, however, are numbered consecutively within each bettion. I I I l l l l l
1 I l l I 2.0 VATER QUALITY 2.1 Int rod uction This water um i s e n; gram was initiated in January 1982. The purpose of this rmt e vJ r *. , supplement water temperature ani salinity data for the Isr# fa n, ackton, and high marsh programs. Water temperature ard salita ty . casur.; ents were collec ted weekly at selected stations, thus eliminating gaps in water quality data that have occurred b in past years. 2.2 Sampling Stations Water quality sampling stations were located in the CFR channel at buoys 15, 19, 25, 29, 35, 38, and 42. Station 11 was located in Dutchman's Creek and station 24 was located in Walden Creek. These nine water quality stations were sampled week'.y beginning in January 1982. Water quality data is also reported for each of the 39 atations in the CFE (Figures 1.1 arrl 1.2). I 2.3 Me thod s Surface and bottom temperature and salinity measurements were recorded at each site, when visited. Surf ace samples were collected with a bucket and bottom samples were collected with a 2 liter Kemmerer water sampler. Temperature was measured in degrees Celsius ("C) using a Yellow Springs Instruments Model 43TD Telethermometer. Salinity was measured in parts per thousand (ppt) with an American Optical Mod el 10419 Refractometer. I Mottom salinity values were plotted for the water quality data from all sampling stations in the CFE from September 1981 through December 1982 (Figure 2.1). Stations are listed from the uppermost at Alligator Creek down through the stations in Baldhead Creek. Observed values were placed into a range with 5 ppt increments. A different shading wcs given to the range of values ard this shading plotted for each station. 2-1
I Average weekly temperature values were plotted for the same pe riod I (Figure 2.2). 2.4 Results and Discussion A major puriod of freshwater flow occurred beginning around the g first of January 1982. 1.ow salinity (0-5 ppt) was record ed as f ar down 5 as buoy 29 and from all of the stations in Walden Creek (Figt.re 2.1). This occurred after a pe riod of low flow in the fall of 1981 when salinities reached 16 ppt as far up the river as Mott's Bay on October 11, 1981. Salinity thin high was not seen again for forty-six weeks. A second pe riod of freshwater flow was neted on June 22, 1982. Low salinity (0-9 ppt) was recorded from stations 42 to station 25 in the CFR and !.n Walden Creek (Figure 2.1) o Water temperature variations between stations was small; therefore, an average weekly water temperature was usod (Figure 2.2). A minimum temperature of 3.0*C was recorded on January 15, 1982 with a maximum of 30.0*C recorded on July 27, 1982. N E I I I l I I l l I E i 2-2 - 1 i
l I I I 3.0 1ARVAL/POSTLARVAL FISH I 3.1 Int rod uction I The majority of fish larvae collected f rce the CFE was spawned of f-shore arxl ca rried by currents to the mouth of the CFR. By utilizing a net upstream flow along the bottom, they were carried into the estuary and e s t ablished residence. Previous studies have shown two pe riod s of abund a nce of fish larvaa in the CFE (Copeland et al. 1979; CP&L 1982 ) . One peak occurs from Decetnber through April (winter) and the other from May through August (summer). The river larval fish and entrainment pro-grams utilize relative seasonal abund ance data to monitor aid assess larval cropping rates by the BSEP. The discrete depth program defines peak winter larval densities by depth, t id e , and photope riod to better evaluate the movement of larval fish. 3.2 Methods 3.2.1 Sample Collection The larval /postlarval sampling programs used 505 micron ush plank-ton nets fished for five minutes. The volume of water filtered during a tow was determined with General Oceanics Model 2030 flowmeters which were suspend ed in the mouth of each net. The areas of net openings were as , follows! Dimensions of Area of Program Net Opening Net Opening I River Larval Fish
- Surface Net 80 cm X 80 cm 0.640 m2
- Bottom Net 104 cm X 51.5 cm 0.536 in 2 Discrete Depth sampling 50 cm X 50 cm 0.250 m 2 Entrainment 50 cm diameter 0.196 m 2 Samples were preserved in approximately a 5% solution of f ormalin.
I 3-1
I 3.2.2 Sample Analysis , I l In the laboratory all larval samples were processed in the same manner. The camples were washed to remove the formalin, sorted, and all larval and postlarval fish, penseid shrimp postlarvae, portunid megalops, ard portunid crabs were re t a ined . 1.arger individ uals of these groups were also retained when they were encountered. All specimens were id e n-tified to the lowest practical taxon, count ed . ard measured (up to 50 lengths per species). A quality control program was enforced on all larval fish samples for both sorting and identification. At 1 cast 10% of each sorted and id entified sample set was rard omly selected and reprocessed by a tech-nician other than the original processor. If the mean percent accuracy for a sorted set was less than 90%, the entire set was resorted. A dis-crepancy greater than 10% in tL. count or constant errors in identifica-tion caused the set to be re-id entified . Flovmeters used by the Biology Unit are calibrated quarterly ard the results stored on a computer master file. The meter number ard number of revolutions during each sample's collection were entered on coding forma permitting the volume of water sieved to be determined by computer. In this manner, the number of organisms collected in each sample can be 3 expressed as densities (i.e., number /1000m of water sieved). 3.2.3 Data Analysis Trerd Analysis River larval fish data for the period September 1976 through August 1982 ard entrainment data from September 1974 +hrough August 1982 were each otamined for a linear trend. Differences among years were separated into a trerd component proportional to the size of the linear increase or decrease and a deviation component proportional to the size of the year to year fluctuations arourd the trerd line. The error component, used to I 3-2 me
+ jud ge the significance of the first two, was coinpu t ed frorn the discrep-ancy between satapling periods within all years. The percent change per year was calculated from the slope of the trend line and is an average over all years. A significs t rend component with no significant deviations sug-gests a sitnplo increase or decrease over the ind ica t ed pe rim . No significant trend nr deviation itoplie s a relatively constant level of a bund anc e . Hovover, significant deviations ind ic ate that th) year to year fluctuations cannot be described sitoply by the linear trend and may be associated with fluctuations in environmental cond i tions such as salinity and t etape ra t u r : in the estuary during recruitment. Therefore, over the short *erm one would expect to see t rend s in abundance which both increase and decrease (pre sent ed as percent change per year) given no more than natural perturbations in envir onmental cond itions. Over a I long period one would see a great deal of year to year variability but a trend which shows no significant increase or decrease given estuarine condition do not deteriorate (CP6L 1980). Depending on where in a cycle a species is when analyzed , the p6rcent chenge per year will be either large or small, increasing or decteuing. Therefore, one should be care-ful not to take the percent change per year as an indication of popula-tion density increase or decrease but to look at the significances of the linear t retti and the deviations frorn the linear trend to determine how well the trend is explained by the linear trend analysis. Discrete Depth Split-Plot Model The primary emphasis of the 1982 discreto depth sampling program was to further define the depth distributions of larval fish. Previous studies (1979 and 1981) have shown that period (day / night) and tide influence these depth distributions. Thcrefore, an experiment to define period and tidal influences was supe rimposed on the depth ex pe riment . The result was a split plot design using period and tide combinations as the main plot units with each unit sub-d ivid ed into sub plots corre-sponding to the depths sampled. The split plot design reduced accuracy on the main plot (period and tid e) treatments and increased accuracy on 3-3
I the sub plot (d e pth) treatments and interactions. Because five bottom (11 m) samples were missed when the sled was lost on rourd 1, predict ed g values were obtained by averaging the bottom sampics taken at that pericd su and station. Two main plot units occur red at each mean tide direction which were averaged prior to analysis. Each station was analyz ed sepa-rately with round (24-hour pe riod ) being used as a blocking factor (replicate). 3.2.4 River Larval T!.sh Sampling Station Description The same seven stations were used in 1982 as in 1981 (CP&L 1982). There was onc station each in Dutchman and Walden Creeks and five sta-tions located in the ship channel of the CFR. The channel stations were spaced along a distance of approximately 24.1 km f rom buoy 15 to marker 43 (Figure 1.1). Sampling Procedure No changes were mde to the river larval fish sampling procedures, gear, or scheduling in 1982. Replicate samples were collected f rom the g surface and bottom at each of the seven stations. Samples were collected E only at night. Sampling trips were scheduled approximately two weeks apart except during June, Jely, and August when sampling was conduct ed once a month (Table 3.1). An alternat. *1dal direction (ebb or flood) was sampled on consecutive trips. Station were sempled from the lower estuary to the upper estuary in an attempt a sample all stations during the same tidal stage. 3.2.5 Direcrete Depth Sampling A discrete depth sampling program was conducted in 1979, 1981, and 1982 to supplement the regular larval fish program. The regular larval fish program collects surface and bottom samples at ni gh t . Discrete depth sampling further defines larval density distribution oy collecting 3-4 _
s samples frotn specific depths at stations 25 ard 34 (Figure 1.1). Sam-pling was conducted during pe riod s of peak larval recruitment into the estuary of winter spawners. The river channel is maintained by the Army Corps of Engineer at [ 12.2 u mean sea level. In 1979 and 1981 sampling was c ond uct ed at depths of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 m using a half-meter Tucker trawl with a double-t rip mechanista. In additica, in 1982 a sled was unni to sataple at the bottom (denoted as 11 m). The sled was equipped with the same type half-meter Tucker trawl and double-t rip mechanism (Figure 3.1). The sled was lost after 44% of the sampics had been co11ceted. The remaining sartples at 11 m were taken with the regular Tucker trawl. I In 1982, two 24-hour sampling reundr (trips) were scheduled between ' Februnry 20 aM March 3. To better define what effects tide an! period I (d ay-ni gh t ) had on larvae density each round was sched uled to start at daylight. The first rount at each station began at high slack tide. The I second round at each station began at low slack tide. Each rourd van divid ed into five sets correspotding to period and tide direction. Each set consisted of four series which were related to tido level and the order of depth sampling. This order was 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ani 11 or 11, 9, 7, 5, 3, and 1 m according to the sampling scheme. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 graphically illustrate the sequence of these sets atd series as they rels.to to period , tide, and the order of depths sampico . The simultaneous collection of samples at the +wo stations was g B eliminated in 1982 due to the availability of only one boat. Due to travel time between stations, the ord er of the stations campled was reversed between the two rounds to provide consistent sampling relative to period ard tides. All tows were taken against the tid e as in 1979 and 1981 to ensure proper t.et alignment. Salinity (ppt) and temperature ('C) were measured prior to the start of each series at all depths. After the sampling net w?s lowered to the speciflod depth, a messenger was sent down the tow 3-5
I cable and the double-trip mechanism tripped to open the net (Figure 3.1). Af ter five minutes the double trip mechanism was trippal by a mes- g senger to close the net and the entire trawl or sled was then raised. 5 Meter readings i.ere taken before atd immed ia t ely after each sample to det ermine the water volume filtered by the net. 3.2.6 Entrainment sampling The entrainme .t sampling procedure was essentially the same in 1982 as that es tablished in previous years (CP&L 1982). In April 1982 one program change was initiated . Two additional daytime samples were added at 0900 ard 1500 EST (one hour later during EDT). This change provided additional daytime data to allow a better comparison of entrainment den-sities ard rates with previous years. 3.3 Results and Discussion 3.3.1 River Larval Fish ; I Dominant Species A total of 611 samples was collected from September 17, 1981 unt t i August 18, 1982, the 1982 sampling period. Du rit: %et time 76 species of larval fish, penacid shrimp, and portunid crate were id entified from the CFE (Table 3.2). The ten genera analyzed represented 82% of the total mean density of organisms collected. Anchovies represented 35%; croaker 25%; gobies 11%; spot 6%; shrimp 3%; menhaden, flound er, mullet, and seatrout less than 1% each. Seasonality Plots of mean densities by sampling week for 1982 and the mean den-sities for the previous five years (1977-1981) are shown in Figures 3.4 to 3.14 for the river larval fish program. From these plots it can be seen that the occurrence of the major species was the same in 1982 as I 3-6
I i I in the previous five years. A summary of seasonality (occurrenca) for these pecies is as follows: I Species Seasonality 1 , Spot End of December - first of May Croaker First of October - end of April Mullet End of December - end of March Menhaden- End of Februar/ - first of May Seatrout First of May - ciddle of October Flound. Erd of iecember - eni of March Shrimp
- Brcwn Middle of February - middle of May
- Pink and White End of May - first of October Anchovies End of April - end of October Gobiosoms spp.
I First of May - end of October Gobionellus spp. Middle of March - middle of December
,- 1982 River Larval /Postlarval Abundance Results of ANOVA are presentei in Tables 3.3 and 3.4 for levels of significance. Because of significant interactions, plots of cell means were examined to draw conclusions. A summary of the results is given below.
Year Comparisons I. The mean log 10 densitiew for total fish among years indicates that 1982 was greater than all other years except 1980: I Year tog 1980 2.86 1982 2.69 1981 2.63 1977 2.55 1979 2.53 1978 2.39 I 3-7
I A comparison of the 1982 larval mean logio densities, for the major species, to the larval mean log density for the period f roin 9' to 1981 shows all the species except Gobice; nma_ opp. and pink and whit e imp had a higher than average density in 1982: Species 1982 Log Density 1977-1981 Log Density I Anchovies 2.82 2.47* Total Fish 2.69 2.62 Croaker 2.09 1.57 g Spot 1.71 1.51 W Gobiosoma spp. 1.56 1.71* Pink & White Shrimp 1.36 1.48* Brown Shrimp 1.17 0.51 Menhad en 1.10 0 . 8 '. Seatrout 1.07 0.31* Gobionellus spp. 1.02 0.41* Flound er 0.94 0.83 Mullet 0.31 0.23
- 1978 data not included, see CP&L (1982)
I Depth Comparisons N B Overall, higher densities of larvae have been collected from the bottom than from the surface. Because river larval fish samples are collected only at night , some specica were collected in higher den-sities from the surface due to vertical migration at night. A summary of mean log 10 densities by depth for 1977 through 1981 is as follows: Most Collected Most Collected l From Surface From Bottom No Difference 1 Mullet Croaker Spot l Shrimp (All species) Seatrout Menhad en Gobionellus spp. Anchovies flounder Gobiosoma spp. Total Fish l 3-8 _
I I These patterns of occurrenca were similar during the 1982 sampling I year except that seatrout and the gobies showed no difference from sutface or bottom. Station Comparisons During the past six years the highest density of larvae has been collected f rom Dutchman Creek gatation 11) with decreasing densities upriver. This is caused by the large number of anchovies collectd downriver. A table of mean logio densities by station, including the mean log 10 densities for all larvae collected from entrainment (station 51), shows higher densities in Walden Creek (station 24) than Entrainment densities were not different from the I in entraintant. river stations: Station Log Density 11 (Dutchman Creek) 2.88 I 18 25 2.68 2.65 24 (Walden Creek) 2.64 37 2.59 51 (Entrainment) 2.57 34 2.54 41 2.44 Fi;;ures 3.15 to 3.25 show the mean deasities by week for tr., c ar areas of the river. From these it can be seen that most species are found downriver in areas A and B but that croaker (Figure 3.15) utilize area D more than other areas. Of particular interest is the I response of croaker and tntal fish (Figure 3.25) in area D to the heavy freshwater flows of January 1982. The dens!ty of fish in this area d ropped substantially during the initial surge of freshwater, with a corresponding increase in Area B, but densities quickly returned to normal upciver as salinity increased. This movement of I larvac in response to low salinity is typical during the early spring. Further discussion of larval movement in response to fresh-water flow is presented in Section 3.3.2. I 3-9 I
Trend Analysis 1977-1982 The river larval fish data from September 1976 through August 1982 were subjected to a linear treM analysis as described in Section 3.2.3. Results of this analysis appear in Table 3.7. Plots of the linear trend analysis along with 95 confidence levels are shown in Figures 3.26 to 3.37. Brown shrimp and croaker trend s indicat e a simple increase in I river densities over the analysis period. Anchovy, flounder, pink and white shrimp, seatrout, and spot densities appear relatively constant over the same pe riod . Menhaden and t.ullet had significant deviations which indicates that the year-to year fluctuations cannot be described by the linear trend. 3,3.2 Discrete Depth Sampling I Water Quality There were heavy rains the week prior to the first round of the 082 sampling period but otherwise there were no adverse weather con-ditions. E Water temperatures ranged from 7.9'c to 11.0*C at station 25 E (Figure 3.38). At station 34 temperatures ranged from 8.2*C to 11.0*C. Water temperatures were generally higher on the surface and lower on the bottom. Salinities ranged from 4 ppt to 30 ppt at station 25, round 1 and I 8 ppt to 32 ppt at station 25, round 2. At station 34, round 1, salinities ran8ed from 0 ppt to 12 ppt. Ab>ut one-third of the way through round 1 at station 34, the freshwater runoff from the heavy g rains up state became visible in the form of muddy water and debris 5 (trees, etc). Salinities d ropped and few readings above O pot were record ed . During round 2 at station 34, salinities ranged from o ppt to 14 ppt. The lowest salinities were record ed at the surface (1 m) I 3-10 I
t near low tide while the highest salinities were record ed at 9 m and 11 m near nigh tide (Figure 3.39). Densities Overall mean densities in 1982 (Table 3.6) were substantially higher than in 1981 and were near or slightly above the 1979 level. This was primarily due to the high mean densities of croaker. Croaker mean densities were substantially higher than in 1981 and only slightly higher than 1979. Spot mean densities were also 6 ; ;b tly higher than in 1981 atri near the same icvel as in 1979. All other I species' mean densities were similar to 1981 and slitshtly lower than 1979 (Table 3.6). Numbers of fishes collectoi were small for all taxa ex cept spot and croaker, therefore only densities of spot and croaker were analyzed . Figures 3.40 through 3.47 show larval densities during the 1982 study and changes in the densities from tidal and photoperiod influ-ences. 1 Upon examination of data plots (Figures 3.41 and 3.46) it was observed that densities of both spot and croaker at station 25 were higher on round 1. At station 34 the opposite pattern was seen with higher catches of both species on round 2. This effect may have been caused by the heavy rains prior to round 1, causing lower salinities at station 34, and larvae avoiding the low salinity water. Round 2 was conducted a veck later and the salinities had returned to nor-mal. At that time the larvae were again moving upstream and densities were hf /her at station 34 than during round 1. This observed pattern corres 4 with the accepted theory for transport of bottom-oriented species. This theory suggests the ability to concentrate in the up-I stream nursery area is s trengthened by concentration in the area of greatest net upstream drift. 3-11
I Analysis of Variance and Duncan's Multiple Range Test Results Period The 1982 data show higher larval densities at night for both species (spot and croaker) at both stations, but only croaker at station 25 show a significant difference (Table 3.7). Tid al The 1982 data for croaker show a significant difference between tides at station 25. Generally more crosker occurred at high tides , fewer at mean tides, and the least at low tid es for both pe riod s . g However, a slightly different trend was d isplayed at station 34. 5 During the day, tidal effects were mixed between high, mean, and low. During the night, generally more croaker occurred at high and mean tid e s , with the least at low tides (Table 3.7, Figures 3.41, 3.48, and 3.50). The 1982 data for spot show no significant difference between tides at station 34. During the day, tidal effects were generally mixed between high, mean, and low. During the night, however, gener- E ally higher densities occurred at high and mean tides, with the lowest E densities occurring at the low tid e s . At station 25 a significant difference was d e tected between tides. Generally higher densities occurred at high tides, fewer at mean tides, and the least at low tides for both periods (Table 3.7, Figures 3.46 and 3.49). The above results do, for the most part, agree with the 1979 and 1981 studies. Depth l There was a significant difference in densities among depths at both stations during both periods for crcaker. Generally, the largest densities were found at the lower depths. During the day at station 25, depths 1m and 3m contained the lowest densities with higher densities at the lower depths. During the night at station 25, the 3-12 a
I 1 m depth had a lower density than the other depths. No difference was obse rved between depths 3m to 11 m. During the day at station 34, the lower depths contained more croaker than the mid depth. Depths 1n ani 3m contained the least croaker. Some difference between the very bottom and upper depths occurred during the night at station 34 ('. a bic 3.7, Figures 3.41 ani 3.50). A significant t id e-by-depth interaction for croaker also occurred at station 34 An ex am-ination of plots of tid e-by-d epth means (Figures 3.50 ani 3 51) and I raw data (Figure 3.41) show that the depth distribution pattern of croaker become mix ed during the low tid al stages. At the high and mean tidal stages a more normal generally linear pattern is shown. The analysis of 1982 data for spot show a significant difference in depth at both stations during both periods. The day period data at statica 25 show larger densities of spot in the mid and lower portions of the water column with the upper depths showing the lowest densi-tics. The night period data for station 25 show the larvae migrating upward in the water column with larger densities appearing in the mid and upper part cf the water column, with the catch at 3 m higher than the other depths and with the bottom having the lowest densfties. The I day period data for spot at station 34 show densities increasing with depth. The night data for spot show them evenly distributed in the water column except for depth 11 m (Table 3.7, Figures 3.46 and 3.51). The reason for the high dentities at depth 11 m was the fresh-water flow which occurred during rouni 1, causing the larvae to seek the higher saline lower depth. I With the exception e' the round with the extremely low salinity, I the vertical distribution curves for 1982 show the same trends as 1979 and 1981; i.e., mostly linear for croaker during both period s, mostly linear for spot during the day, and mostly quad ra tic for spot at night. I I 3-13
I 3.3.3 Entrainment Dominant Species A total of 492 samples was collected over 52 sampling :$ .: (weeks) between September 1, 1981 an! August 25, 1982 (Tahi. Bay anchovy was the most abund ant species caught, represen n the total density of organisms caught during 1982. Croal - each accounted for 13% of the total density. The other wu a c , menhaden, mullet, and flounder - accounted for 2%, sn 5 summer species - gobies, seatrout, and anchovies - accou' : of the total density in 1982. Penacid shrimp accounted fo,' densities and percent of the total catch for each species (1980 to 1982) are presented in Table 3.9. Seasonality and Abundance The mean daily flow through the BSEP for 1982 ranged between 2.18 g X 106 and 5.41 X 106 cubic meters of water (Table 3.10). 5 The mean density of tocal larval and postlarval fish entrained during the year ranged between 38.12/1000 m3 (August) and 7.26 X 103 /1000 m3 (June) (Table 3.11). Twc period s of abundance occurred encompassing the expected winter and summer recruitment periods (Figure 3.52). The December to April peak was comprised primarily of spot, croaker, flound er, menhad en, mullet, and brown shrimp. The May to August peak consisted mostly of anchovies, seatrout, gobies, and pink and white shrimp. Spot reached a peak density of 2.36 X 10 /'.000 3 m 3 in mid-March (Table 3.11). Spot appeared in the entrainment samples in mid-December and disappeared around mid-May . his period of abundance is consistent with the mean densities computed from the preced ing seven years (1975 to 1961) (Figure 3.53). I 3-14 I
Croaker occurred in the entrainment sampics from September to May. This was consistent with the pe riod of abund ance re po r t ed for 1975 to 1981 (Figure 3.54). In January 1982 croaker had a peak abun-dance of 1.96 X 103/1000 m3 (Table 3.11). The three species of fl ound e r coll e c t ed in entrainment samples were combined to characterize the entrainment of flound e r. A peak
~
3 density of about 64/1000 m occurred in early March (Table 3.11). The pe riod of aburdance for flound er oc curred from mid December to late March - a pattern consistent with previous years (Figure 3.55). I The two species of mullet were combined to characterize the entrainment of mullet. Mullet occurred from January to March in i entrainment sampics. This pe riod of abundance is consistent with pre-vious years (Figure 3.56). A peak abundance of 284/1000 m3 occurred in early March (Table 3.11). Menhaden appeared in entrainment samples in February and disap-peared in May - a period of occurrence consistent with previous years (Figure 3.57). Their peak density of 583/1000 m3 occurred in mid-April (Table 3.11). Three species of penacid shrimp postlarvae were taken in entrain-ment samples but because of identification problems, were only identi-fied to the generic level. However, those postlarvae that occurred during the spring (late February to early June) were primarily brown shrimp and those that occurred in the summer and fall (early June to late September) were a mix ture of pink and white shrimp. These pe riod s of occurrence were consistent with those reported in previous years (Figure 3.58). A peak density of 1.41 X 103 /1000 m3 occurral in late March for brown shrimp ard a peak density of 506/1000 m3 occurred in late August for pink and white shrimp (Table 3.11). The period of abundance for anchovies, consisting of two species, occurred f rom mid-May and persisted into the fall months. This occur-rence was consistent with those reported during the previous sev9n 3-15
I years (Figure 3.59). A peak abund ance of 3.29 X 10 /1000 3 m 3 for anchovies occurred in early July (Table 3.11). Seatrout, consisting of two species, had a period of abund ance g beginning in early May and persisting into the fall months. This was 5 consistent with pe riod s of abund ance occurring during the previous sever 7ars (Figure 3.60). A peak abundance of about 133/1000 m 3 occutted in early June (Table 3.11). Gobionellus spp. appeared to have two period s of occurrence, as seen in previous years. The first pericd of abundance occurred from mid-September to mid-January. The second period occurred from early February to early July (Figure 3.61). A peak density for the fall pe riod of about 174/1000 m 3 occurred in early November and a spring period peak density of 122/1000 m 3 occurred in early May (Table 3.11). Gobiosoms. spp. appeared in entraincent samples beginning in early May and persisted through the early f all months -a patte n seen in previous years (T_gure 3.62). A peak density of 3.90 X 10 3/1000 m3 occurred in early June (Table 3.11). Si Number Entrained The mean number of organisms entrained per day by the once-through cooling system was computed by multiplying the mean density per day by the mean flow per day. Total organisms entrained per day ranged from a low of 1.18 X 105 / day in August to a high of 1.96 X 107/ day in June (Table 3.10). The pattern of entrainment numbers followed closely the pattern of larval density for each of the species. The maximum entrainment of 7 E spot was 1.28 X 10 / day in March and for croaker a maximum of 9.62 X 5 106 / day occurred in January. Of the other winter specieu, flound er I 3-16 a
I had a maximum entrainment of 3.44 X 10 5/ day in March, menhaden of 3.16 X 106 / day in April, and mullet of 1.54 X 10 6/ day in March. The maxi-mum entrainment of brown shrimp was 7.62 X 10 6/ day in March (Table 3.10). Of the summer species, anchvies had a maximum entrainment of I 12.47 X 100 / day in July and seat - of 3.58 X 10 5/ day in June. The maximum entrainment of pink '
"rimp was 1.57 X 106 / day in August. The amtimum fall a for Cobionellus spp. was 5 spring rate was 6.13 9.39 X 10 / day in November as X 10 5 / day in March. Gobiosocu imum entrainment of 10.53 X IC6 / day in June (Table 3.10)
I Cropping Rate The estimated volume of the CFE is 2.5 X 10 03 m (Hod son et al. 1977). The average concentration of larvae, over the past six years I is 1.7 larvae per m. 3 larval fish in the CFE at any one time is estimated to be 4.1 X 10 0 . Therefore, t.he total number of larval / post-During 1982, the average daily entrainment rate of larvae was estimated to be 5.66 X 106 . A comparison of these two numbers yields a daily cropping rate by the BSEP of 1.4% of the larval recruitment, but because tides bring a new recruitment populetion in twice a day, the percentage of larvae cropped from any one recruitment population is constant, not cumulative. Although this conclusion is over-I. simplified, ft gives some idea of the entrainment impact on the whole river larval fish population. Af ter eight years of cooling water withdrawal no significant or irreversible impact has been d e te c ted from river larval fish densi-ties. I I I 3-17 l
I Diel-Patterns The densities of entrained organisms previously discussed in this section were based on means cons t ruc ted f rom 24-hour period s. There was considerable variation around each mean due to the difference in densitics over a 24-hour period. The densities of organisms entrained during the daytime were consistently lower than at night time (Figures 3.52 through 3.62). An analysis of variance was pe rf ormed and the resuits are presented in Tables 3.12 and 3.13. Because of significant interactions, plots of cell means were examined to draw this con-clusion. Trend Analysis The larval entrainment data from September 1974 to August 1982 was subjected to a linear trend analysip. An explanation of the analysis procedure and interpretation of results appears in Section 3.2.3. The trends for mullet and total fish suggest a simple increase in entrainment densities over the analysis period. Menhad en exhibit a relatively constant level of abund ance . All other specien reported g significant deviations which indicat es that the year to year flue- E tuations cannot be described by the linear trend (Table 3.14). Plots oc mean Logio density (density + 10) for the years analyzed are pre-sented for all species in Figures 3.63 to 3.74. These plote depict the observed density and the predicted density treni line including 95% confidence intervals. 3.4 Summary and Conclusions The period s of occurrence of the major species analyzed by the river larval fish and entrainment programs were the same in 1982 as in g previous years. In the river larval fish program a comparison of mean E log 10 densities for total fish showed that 1982 was the second most I abund ant year in terms of larval recruitment. All species ex ce pt 3-18
I Cobiosoma spp., pink and white shrimp. and mullet had higher average recruitment densities in 1982 than in the previous five years. Over-all higher densities of fish were collected from the bottom than from the surface. The results of the linear treni analysis for the river larval fish program showed a simple increase in densities of brown shrimp and croaker and relatively constant densities of anchovies, flound e r , pink and white shrimp, seatrout, and spot for the years 1976 to 1982. All other species had significant deviations which indicated I that the year-to year fluctuations could not be described by the linear trend . Entrainment densities in 1982 for all species analyzed were not diffecent from densities reported from all the riv_r larval fish stations. A simplified comparison of river densities versus entrain-ment densities showed the e s timat ed cropping rate by the BSEP to be 1.4% of the larval recruitment. Overall, higher densities of fish were entrained at night than during the day. Entrainment data for 1974 to 1982 that was subjected to a linear trend analysis showed a I simple increase in densities of mullet and total fish and a relatively constant level of abund ance of menhad en. All other species reported significant deviations. Discrete depth sampling was conducted to include both downriver and upriver stations (25 and 34). A bo t tom sled was used to sample the water column between 9m and the bottom of the river channel. Densities for 1982 were up from those of 1981, but all species (except croaker) were still lower than in 1979. The 1982 data showed vertical distribution curves of croaker and spot larvae to be concentrated near but not on the bottom. Spot d eviated from this at nigh t- and showed higher densities near but not at the surface. Croaker had maximum densi les on or near the bottom and minimum densities near the surf ace. I 3-19
I The data illustrate that spot and croaker were more abund ant in the bottom half of the water column, and hence they are carried upstream with the not non-tidal drif t. The data also illustrate that heavy rains (causing low salinities) may reverse this situation, and the larvae are pushed downriver with the salt wedge. I I I I I I I E 5 I I I I I I 3-20 l
I I 4.0 HIGH MARSH I 4.1 Introduction I The marshes of the CFE provide nursery areas for many octan-spawned fish and shellfish. The populations of these fish ard their distri-I- butions in these areas must be studied to determine if they are adversely af f ected by the amount of water being removed from the estuary for cooling the BSEP. In June 1980 CP&L began high carsh sampling based on inf ormation obtained by various other studies on the marshes of the CFE (Weinstein 1979; Hod son 1979). The objectives of this stud y were to determine the relative standing crops, seasonal and spatial distri-butions, and the influence of physical variables on the abundance of fish and shellfish in the CFE. The North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries is also conducting similar studies throughout the state. These I studies will allow comparison of the CFE to other estuaries in North Carolina when these data become available. The results of the 1980 and 1981 high marsh studies were presented in CP&L (1982). 4.2 Method s 4.2.1 Station Descriptions The study area consists of four tidal creek systems (Figure 1.2). Baldhead and Walden creeks are located near the plant site at the lower end of the CFR. Mott's Creek Bay and Alligator Creek are located upriver I near Wilmington. Baldhead Creek is a shallow tid al creek cx tending approximately 8.5 km from its mouth to its headwaters on the Smith Island complex. The mouth of the creek is located approximately 0.9 km from the mouth of the CFR. For sampling purposes, it was divid ed into seven nearly equal sections with a station in each area. Wald en Creek is a deep tid al creek. The distance from the point where it flows into Snow's Marsh to the mouth of the CFR is approximately I 4-1
I 11.6 km. Walden Creek has three feeder creeks Governors Creek, Nancys Creek, and - Gum Log Branch. This study area consists of nina stations. Three of these ststions (21, 22, and 23) are located in Walden Creek; five stations (24 through 27 and 29) are in Nancys Creek; and station 28 is located .. Gum Log Branch. For simplicity, all of these stations will be referred to as Walden Creek stations in other sections of this report. Mott's Bay, is a shallow area 275 m wide located approximately I 30.5 km f rom the mouth of the CFR, The bay is f ormed between f our small spoil island s and the east shore of the river. Mc.t's Creek, which is surrounded by marsh, empties into the east side uf the bay approximately 260 m from the trawl site. Samples are taken on the east sid e of the northernmost islands of the four spoil islands surrounding the bay. Alligator Creek is a deep creek located approximately 42.3 km from I the mouth of the CFR and to the west of Wilmington on Eagle Island. Alligator Creek sampling locations includ e three stations in Alligator Creek and one station in Redmorxl Creek. 4.2.2 Sampling Methods High carsh samples were collected approximately every three weeks g using a 3.2 m trawl and a 15.2 m seine. Samples were collected on a low E outgoing tide in an effort to catch the organisms which utilize the creeks and the marshes. At low tide the organisms in the marshes are forced into the creeks. An ichthyocide (rotenone) was used mainly to estimate standing crops of selected species that occupy all types of habitats. Five rotenone samples were taken semi-annually at five dif-ferent locations. The trawl, seine, and rotenone sampling gear, and method s and laboratory analysis are identical to those in the 1981 report (CP&L 1982). I 4-2
I 4.3 Results and Discussion 4.3.1 Catch By Gear Type The catch per unit efforts (CPUEs) discussed in this report are combined averages of all creeks. A total of 124,555 fish, comprised of 85 species, and 45,344 invertebrates, comprised of 10 species, were collected in 1982 using all gear types. The total number of fish collected using all gears was very close to the total number collected in 1981. The total number of fish collected in 1981 was 124,424 comprised of 91 species. The total catch of invertebrates increased in 1982 from the 1981 catch of 28,980 individ uals comprised of 11 species (CP&L 1982). The species, number, and percentage of fish and non-fish collected by sear type in 1982 are presented in Tabic 4.1. The 1982 trawl samples (357 ef forts) yielded 85,096 fish and 32,012 non-finfish. This resulted in an annual CPUE of 238 fish, which was slightly higher than the CPUE of 223 reported for 1981. As in 1981, the most abund ant fish collected in trawls in 1982 was spot, making up 45.1% of the total finfish collec t ed . It was followed in abund ance by bay anchovy (17.6%), menhad en (12.5%), gizzard shad (10.0%), croaker (6.7%) southern flound er (1.6%). I and The annual CPUE of 90 non-finfish collected in 1982 was higher than the 1981 CPUE of 65. The most abund ant invertebrate in 1981, as well as in 1982, was grass shrimp which com-prised 71.7% of the 1982 catch. The grass shrimp were followed in order of abund ance by brown shrimp (13.0%), blue crabs (7.9%), pink shrimp (3.3%), and white shrimp (2.3%). Two turtle species were also col-1ected. The 85 seine samples e 71ected in 1982 yield ed 21,430 fish (50 species) for an annual CPUd vf 252. This was slightly higher than the 1981 CPUE of 216. Spot was the uost abund ant fish caught in 1982, as it was in 1981, and comprised 35.0% of the entire finfish catch. Spot was followed in abund ance by mum =ichog (17.9%), white mullet (13.2%), menhaden (9.9%), gizzard shad (7.8%), and Atlantic silverside (6.2%). A total of 13,335 non-finfish (7 species) yield ed an annual CPUE of 157. I 4-3
I This was more than twice the 1981 CPUE of 69. Crass shrimp were the dominant invertebrates in both study years ard were the main reason for the increase in the invertebrate catch from 1981 to 1982. Grass shrimp comprised 89.6% of the non-finfish seine catch and were f ollowed in abund ance by blue crabs (4.5%), brown shrimp (3.5%), pink shrimp (1.0%), ard white shrimp (0.8%). A total of 18,029 (42 species) fish were collected in the ten rote-none samples. This number was much lower than the 27,381 (53 species) fish collected in 1981. The dominant fish in the rotenone samples were mummichog (47.4%), spot (28.5%), striped mullet (5.5%), menhaden (4.9%), and darter goby (3.4%). Invertebrates are not effectively collected with rotenone so they were not counted in the totals. The spring rotenone average catch of 2986 was dominated mainly by mummichog, followed by spot. 4.3.2 Seasonal Distribution Two major gear types were used to more ad equately sample the dif-ferent habitat types in the s tud y area. Discussions of variables affecting the organisms in this study were based on data gathered by the gear types consid ered the most effective for each species. The species analyzed by each gear type are as follows: E E Trawl Seine Menhad en Mummichog Bay anchovy Striped killifish Spotted seatrout Atlantic silverside Weakfish Inland silverside Spot Rough silverside Croaker Striped mullet Flound er White mullet ,, Brown shrimp Pink shrimp White shrimp Llue crab l 4-4 l t -
I II Striped killifish, inland silverside, spotted seatrout , and weakfish were collected in very low nutbers; therefore, analysis and comparisons will not be mad e in this report. The number and percent collected of each of these species by gear type are presented in Table 4.1. I Total Organisms The peak trawl CPUE of 710 total organisms occurred in April. February, May, June, ard July catches were also relatively high with CPUE values of 433, 534, 543, and 555, respectively (Figure 4.1). The peak of abund ance occurred approximately one month earlier in 1981 with a slightly higher CPUE of 788. Peaks in both years were d ominat ed by I spot. The highest 1982 seine CPUE for total organisms occurred in April and May with values of 939 and 907, respectively (Figure 4.1) and were mainly grass shrimp. The 1981 peak (total CPUE of 949) occurred during June and was dominated by 551 white mullet. Menhad en Menhaden was the third most abund ant fish collected with all gears combined in 1982. The trawl data shows that the annual 1982 CPUE for menhaden was 4, an increase from the previous year's value of 1. The I monthly catch for 1982 peaked in July (CPUE = 86), March (CPUE = 77), and April (CPUE = 63). Very few menhaden were collected in the other months (Figure 4.2). Length frequency distributions of the 1982 trawl data shows that the recruitment of menhaden into the carshes began in February at a size of about 20 m with a peak number at 30 cm. A large portion of the catches were d ominated by 50-60 cm fish that apparently spawned earlier and The young-of-the year (YOY) I migrated into the carshes from other areas. menhad en were approximately 45 mm to 65 m when the number collected I I 4-5
I declined in late summer (Figure 4.3). The 1981 data also shows that the recruitment in the high marsh appeared in February but at a slightly larger size of about 30 m. This recruitment peaked in March, as it did in 1982, but was dominated by approximately 25 m fish with substantial numbers collected at 20 mm. Few menhaden were collected after July (Figure 4.4). Bay Anchovv Bay anchovy was the second most abundant fish collected in 1982. The annual CPUE was 42 which was over twice as high as the 1981 catch of
- 19. The highest 1982 monthly CPUE in all creeks was in July with a value of 368 (Figure 4.5). The 1981 catch was very different in that the largest monthly CPUE was in November with a value of 99. The lowest catch in each year occurred in January.
Recruitment of bay anchovy into the marshes began in June at a size of about 15 m to 20 m. Recruitment peaked in July with the majority of the postlarvae measuring about 25 mm (Figure 4.6). Recruitment in 1981 g also began in June at a size of about 15 m and had no definite peak u until November, at which time the largest number of bay anchovy collected were approximately 40 mm (Figure 4.7). Mummichog Munichog was the fourth most abundant fish collected in 1982. This species comprised 10. 2:: of the total fish catch using all gear types. Mummichog was not analyzed in 1981, therefore, no comparisons will be I made between years. The annual CPUE for mu nichog collected by seines in B 1982 was 45. The highest monthly CPUEs in 1982 were in April and July with values of 176 and 165, respectively (Figure 4.8). The length frequency distribution of mummichog indicated that recruitment began in June at a size of about 15 m. The peak collection in July had a minimum size of 10 mm and a maximum size of 80 m (Figure 4.9). 4-6 I E.
r Atlantic Silverside L c Atlantic silverside ranked ninth in abundance of fish collected in l L, 1982 from all gear types combined. This species comprised about 1.5% of the total fish catch. Atlantic silverside was not analyzed in 1981 so no comparisons will be made between years. The annual CPUE for Atlantic silve rsid e was 16, with the largest monthly CPUE (45) occurring in November. This was f ollowed closely by August ard July with CPUEs of 41 and 39, respectively (Figure 4.10).
~
Due to the difficulty in id entif ying silversides to species, only
" Length frequency dintri- $
those larger than 21 m were used for analysis. butions showed that Atlantic silverside recruits of this size were first 1 collected in seine samples in May. By December t!.c size ranged from approximately 55 m to 85 en with the mode 'at 65 m (Figure 4.11). Spot I Spot was the most abund a nt fish collected in 1982, as was also the case in 1981. It re pre s ented 41% of the total fish catch in 1982. The trawl data shows that the abund a nce of spot decreased in 1982 with an annual CPUE of 107, as compared to 166 in 1981. The highest monthly CPUE I for spot occurred in April 1982 with a value of 403 (Figure 4.12). The 1981 peak dif f ered in (nat it occurred earlier (March) ard had a higher p CPUE (709). The lowest monthly CPUE occurred in January and October through December in both years. Recruitment of spot into the marshes appeared to begin in December 1981 at a size of about 10 m with a mode at 15 mm. Peak abundance occurred in April with the maxicus number collected at a size of 15 m to 25 mm (Figures 4.13 ard 4.14). The 1981 recruitment did not appear to begin until January of that year at a length of 15 m. Peak recruitment occurred in March with the majority of the spot measuring 20 m to 25 mm which is a little larger than the 1982 fish during peak recruitment. At 4-7
the end of the 1982 sampling year the size range for spot was approxi-mately 60 m to 125 m which was slightly larger than in 1981. Croaker Croaker ranked sixth in abundance representing 4.9% of the total fish catch using all gear types combined. Leoaker were much more abun-dant in 1982 than in 1981 with respective snnual CPUEs of 16 and 4. The highest monthly CPUE (82) in 1982 occurred in .pril. A smaller, yet noticeable, peak (28) occurred in October (Figure 4.15). The monthly CPUE in 1981 did not peak in the spring, but rather in late fall (November) wi th a value of 25. All other months in both study years showed relatively small monthly CPUFs. 6 The 1982 recruitment of croaker actually began in September of 1981 at a size of 10 m (Figure 4.16). The CPUEs were relatively low until April 1982 when the recruitment peaked with the main portion of post-larvae measuring 15 mm (Figure 4.17). Recruitment began igain in September 1982 and peaked again in November with the major portion of postlarvae measuring 10 m to 15 m:n. The 1981 recruitment year also began in September of the previous year with very low numbers and peaked in December 1980 with the highest frequency at 15 m (Figure 4.18). 5 Striped Mullet Striped mullet ranked eighth in order of abundance and comprised 1.8% of tne total finfish collected in 1982. The 1982 annual seine CPUE of 6 was down from 1981 (11). The highest monthly CPUEs in 1982 was in April and May with values of 16 and 13, respectively (Figure 4.19). The 1982 recruitment of striped cullet actually began in December 1981 with a few fish collec:ed at a size of 20 mm. Recruitment peaked in April with a minimum size of 20 mm and a maximum size of 40 mm. Numbers remained high through May af ter which the number of YOY declined. The 1982 abundance appeared to drop af ter August at a size range of 50 m:n to 115 co. (Figure 4.20). The 1981 recruitment of striped mellet began in 4-8
I I January at a size of about 20 m. The abundance peaked in March with a size range of about 20 m to 45 m with the greatest frequency at 25 mm. The numbers decreased in September with a size range of 55 mm to I 90 mm (Figure 4.21). White Mullet White ellet was the seventh most abundant fish collected in 1982. It ecmprised approximately 2.8% of the total fish catch using all gear types. Phite mullet was not as abundant in 1982 as it was in 1981. The 1981 annual CPUE was 75 while the 1982 value was 33. The July CPUE in I 1982 peaked well above any other month with a value of 352, followed by May (52) (Figure 4.22). Recruitment began in May at a size of 20 mm to 35 mm vith a mode of 25 mm. Recruiteent peaked in July at a size range of 30 m to 70 mm with the majority at 55 m to 60 mm. The number of white mullet collected decreased in October and were 60 mm to 95 m in length (Figure 4.23). The 1981 recruitment of white eullet also began in May at a size of 20 mm to 40 m with the majority at 25 mm to 30 mm. The number caught peaked in the following month at a size range of 25 mm to 50 mm with the highest frequencies at 30 m to 40 m. The abundance of white mullet decreased I in September at a size range of 50 m to 85 mm with the major portion measuring 65 m (Figure 4.24). Flounder Flounder represented 1.2% of the total finfish catch in 1982 using all gear types and was ranked tenth in order of abundance. The trawl data shows that the abundance of flounder increased from 1981 to 1982 with annual CPUE values of 1 and 4 respectively. The highest monthly I CPUE in 1982 occurred in February and April (Figure 4.25). flounder were much more abundant (1349 collected) than the summer Southern flounder (22 collected) in the 1982 sampling year. I I
, 4-9
I Since the recruitment periods of southern and summer flounder are different, the length frequency distribution of each were examined inde~ pendently. The recruitment of southern flounder began with very low numbers in December 1981 at a size of approximately 10 m:n (Figure 4.26). The greatest peak in the abundance of southern flounder occurred in April at a size of 10 m to 20 m (Figure 4.27). Af ter April, the number of southern flounder decreased as their size increased until the maximum size approached 90 m in November. The 1982 recruitment of summer flounder began three months later than the southern flounder (Figure 4.28). Recruitment began in March at a size of about 15 mm. The 1981 catch of summer flounder was too low for length frequency analysis. Brown Shrimp Brown shrimp was the second most abundant invertebrate collected using trawls and seines, representing 10.2% of tSe total catch. The annual CPUE increased substantially in 1982 to 12, as compared to 8 in 1981. The monthly CPUE peaked in June with a value of 74. May and July had substantially lower monthly CPUEs with values of 20 and 26, respec-tively. All other months had very lov or no catches (Figure 4.29). These periods of abundance were similar to the 1981 periods of abun-dance. 3 The smallest size shrimp identified to species was 21 mm. Some E smaller shrimp were collected but are not included in these discus-sions. The recruitment of brown shrimp into the high marsh began in May at a size of 21 m with the highest percentage c.ollected at approximately 30 m. The raak abundance occurred in June with a size range of 21 mm to 110 mm. These catches dropped off in August while the shrimp were at a size of about 45 mm to 125 m (Figure 4.30). The 1981 recruitment also began in May with the peak appearing in June. They ranged in size from about 35 m to 115 m in 1981. Instead of the population decreasing in August, it showed a rise and then a decrease in September at a size range of 45 mm to 120 mm (Figure 4.31). I 4-10 g
I Pink Shrimp I Pink shrimp was the fourth most abundant invertebrate collected in 1982. This shrimp comprised about 2.6% of the invertebrate catch with all gear types. The annual 1982 CPUE of pink shrimp was the same as 1981 with values of 3. In 1982, September through November had the highest monthly CPUEs with values of 10, 9, and 10, respectively (Figure 4.32) . I Pink shrimp began to appear in the 1982 high marsh samples with low numbers in June. The smallest size at which the shrimp were identified was 21 mm, but the majority of the pink shrimp were about 25 mm long when recruitment into the marshes first began. The 1982 recruitment peaked in November with a size range of approximately 21 mm to 70 mm. During this time of peak abundance the main portion of pink shrimp measured 30 mm to I 40 mm (Figure 4.33). The 1981 recruitment began about a month later than in 1982. The miniaum size pink shrimp collected was about 21 mm while the largest was about 85 mm. The 1981 recruitment peaked in August at a size of 21 mm and 75 m (Figure 4.34). I White Shrimp _ I White shrimp was ranked fifth in abundance of the invertebratos I collected using trawls and was least abundant of the three commercial shrimps. The annual CPUE for white shrimp increased to 2.1 in 1982 from the 0.3 reported in 1981. White shrimp was collected from June through December in 1982. The highest monthly CPUE (11) was in August followed in abundance by July and September with values of 8 and 4, respectively (Figure 4.35). Recruitment of white shrimp began in June with low numbers collected at a modal length of 25 mm. The maximum size collected during this month was about 90 mm. The major portion of the white shrimp collected during the peak were approximately 45 mm to 103 m. After peak abundance the A few small (21 I number of white shrimp collected dropped substantially. mm to 25 mm) white shrimp were collected in October and November (Figure 4.36). The 1981 recruitment began in July and peaked in October and 4-11
November with very low numbers. The smallest size collected during peak abundance was approximately 25 mm. In October equal numbers of 25 mm and 35 mm shrimp made up the entire catch while in November the highest fre- g quency occurred at 50 m (Figure 4.37). B Blue Crab Analysis was performed only on blue crab over 10 mm due to the difficulty in identifying smaller individuals. This cutoff was not
'enf orced until 1982 so the 1981 measurements included all sizes.
Blue crab was the third most abundant invertebrate collected in the high marsh program and comprised approximately 6.9% of total invertebrate cate' from all gear types combined. The annual CPUE of blue crab was down slightly from 1981 to 1982 with values of 9 and 7, respectively. The trawl data collected in 1982 indicated that blue crab was relatively aoundant throughout the year. However, small peaks were observed in January with a monthly CPUE of 17 and again in November with a value of 11 (Figure 4.38). The beginning of blue crab recruitment was difficult to estimate due to the small sizes that were collected year round. It appears that the 1982 recruitment began in December 1981 with a minimum size of 11 mm with g a mode at 15 m. The catches peaked in January with similar sizes as in 5 December. The abundance decreased in March at a size range of 10 mm to 35 mm (Figure 4.39). The 1981 recruitment began in January at a size of 5 mm to 25 mm. Abundance peaked in February at sir.es of 5 m to 50 mm with the 'nighest f requency at 11 mm. The numbers collected decreased after March with a size range similar to that in February (Figure 4.40). I I i, I 4-12
I 4.3.3 Spatial Distribution W
._i_th.in Creek Generally, most species that utilize estuaries show a preference for the upstream areas of tidal creeks. Weinstein (1979) and CP&L (1982) indicsiod that this was true for the CFE as well. This report will con-s f.de r the preference fer upstream normal and will discuss plots of any organisms that differ from the normal.
I Upstream preferences were noticed for all organisms in Baldhead Creek except bay anchovy and Atlantic silverside which were most abundant in the lower creek stations (Figures 4.41 and 4.4 2) . Only bay anchovy preferred the lower stations in Walden Creek (Figure 4.43). Flounder, pink shrimp, and white shrimp were most abundant in the mid creek stations (Finires 4.44 through 4.46), while all other selected species preferred upstream areas. Alligator Creek is a more f reshwater marsh creek and the species er.hibited dif f erent spatial distributions than in I the lower estuarine creeks. normally does not support estuarine species in large numbers. The uppermost station in Alligator Creek This is possibly due to the constantly low salinity, bottom makeup, or compe-tition with the abundant freshwater species. All of the selected species collected in Alligator Creek preferred the mid or downstream stations which more closely resemble the lower estuarine habitats. Within the Estuary Analysis of variance and Duncan's cultiple range tests were used to compare the annual CPUEs of each creek system. I The trawl CPUE for total organisms ras not significantly greater at Walden Creek than at Mott's Bay but was significantly greater than at Alligator or Baldhead creeks (Table 4.2). There were no significant differences between the CPUEs of the three creek systems sampled with a seine in 1981 and 1982 (Table 4.2). I I 4-13 l I
Analysis of tha = total 1982 CPUE for menhaden indicated that Waldan I Creek was significantly higher in abundance than Alligator Creek, Mott 's Bay, or Baldhead Creek (Table 4.2). Walden Creek was significantly higher in abundance than Alligator and Baldhead creeks but not Mott 's Bay in 1981.
?
There was no significant dif ference in CPUEs for bay anchovy between Mott's Bay, Baldhead Creek, and Walden Creek. These areas were, however, significantly higher in catch than Alligator Creek (Table 4.2). The 1981 data shows that Mott 's Bay was significantly higher in abundance of bay / anchovy than the other areas. Munmichog was not analyzed in 1981, theref ore, no comparison will be made to that year. CPUEs for mummichog in Walden and Baldhead creeks were not significantly different (Table 4.2). Atlantic silverside was significantly more abundant in Baldhead g Creek than in Walden Creek or Mott 's Bay. Walden Creek and Mott 's Bay, 5 however, were not significantly different f rom each other (Table 4.2). Atlantic silverside was not analyzed in 1981, therefore, no comparison will be made to that year. Walden Creek had a significantly higher abundance of spot than I Mott's Bay, baldhead Creek or Alligator Creek. The Mott 's Bay catch was E _ not significantly higher than the catch at Baldhead Creek but was higher E than Alligator Creek (Table 4.2). Mott 's hay and Walden Creek were not different in 1981 but both had significantly higher CPUEs than Alligator or Baldhead creeks. Croaker was significantly more abundant in Mott's Bay than in the I other study areas. Alligator and Walden creeks were not significantly different but were higher in abundance than Baldhead Creek (Table 4.2). Mott's Bay also had a significantly higher CPUE than the other study areas in 1981. I 4 14 I a1 ._________.______________.____..______m_ _ _ . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _________.._ _ __ _____ _ _____ ______
n . . _ _ . . - _ . _ - - - . _ - - . . - - _ - . - - _ _ - . - _ - . _ _ . . _. The striped tsalle t catch was not signiffcantiv different between I Walden and Baldhead creeks. The CPUE for Waldn Creek was, however, significantly higher than bte's Esy (Table 4.2). No significe.9, dif-ferencer were found between creeks in 1981. The CPUE of white milet indicated that Walden and Baldhead creeks were not significantly different from each other , but were higher in cMch than Mott's Pay (Table 4.2). There was no significent difference between areas in 1981. I Flounder was significan' ly more abundant in Alligator Creek than Mott's Bay, Walden Creek or Baldhead Creek. Mott's Bay was significantly I- higher in abundance than Walden or Baldhead creeks. Catches in Walden and Baldhead creeks were not significantly different (Table 4.2). Flounder was cleo moe t abundant in Alligator Creek in 1901. i There is r.o significant differen:9 between CPUEs for beown shrimp in Walden ik, Baldhead Creek, and Mott 's Lay in 1982. These three
- areas had i aificantly higher CPUEs than Alligator Creek (Table 4.2).
b 1981 brown shriup were more abundant in Walden Creek and Mott's Bay than in Baldhead or Alligator creeks. I Pink shrimp had the highest CPUE in Mo t t 's Bay , followed by Walden and Baldhead creeks and then by Alligator Creek (Tigure 4.2). All areas were significantiv different in 1981. Mott's Bay had the highest CPUE followed tr welden Bsidhead, and Alligator creeks. No significant dif ference was observed for white shrimp between the CPUEs in Walden Creek and Mott 's Bay. These two areas were, however, I significantly higher in abundance than Baldhead and Alligator creeks (Table 4.2). White shrimp were n.ost abundant at Mott 's Bay f ollowed by Valden, Alligator, and Raidhead creeks in 1981.
. I_
The CFUEs of blue crab in Walden and Alligator creeks were not significantly different. Walden Creek CPUEs were significantly higher than those at Mott's Bay and Bal thead Creek while Alligator Creek was not 4-15
(Table 4.2). Blue creb was collected in its highest number at Mott's liay in 1961. 4.3.4 Ef fects of Sa?,inity. Temperature, and Percent organics on Abundance Salinity For the purpost of this report the salinity values are grouped into tnree tanges: low, mid, and high. Low salinity is considered to be from 0 ppt to 10 ppt, mid salinity is f rom 11 ppt to 20 ppt, and high salinity is from 21 ppt to 30 ppt. Bay anchovy, Atlantic sil rside, and white mu11rit were most abundant in areas with high salinities, pink shrimp were found to be most abundant in the mid salhity range while all other species were most abundant in the low salinity range. Table 4.3 indi-cates the salinity preference of each species. Temperature, The water temperature values are grouped into three ranges; low (3'C to 13'C), mid (14'c to 24'C), and high (25'c to 34'C). None of the selected species was most abundant when water temperatures were in the low range. Henhaden, spot, crooker, flounder, pink shrimp, and blue crab were collected in their greatest abundance at temperatures in the mid range. The remaining species (bay anchovy, mummichog, Atlantic silver-sits, striped and white cullet, brown shrimp, and white Shrimp) were collected at. high temperatures. The temperature preference exhibited by each species is displayed in Table 4.3). percent Orc.anics I The values for the percent organics in the substrates were pouped into three ranges;-low (<1% to 11%), mid (12% to 22%), and high (23% to 34%). Spot, floander, and blue. crab vere most abundant in areas sdth a mid range; of organic substrate ( Alligator Creek). None of the selected species was most abundant in the high organic arcan. The remaining 4-16 B
I I selected species we re mos t abund ant in low organic content areas. The preterence of percen; organics is presented in Table 4.3. 4.3.5 t;tanding Crop Estimates !g Standing crop estimates were determined in the spring and fall for Baldhead ard Walden creeks (two rotenone stations each) ard Mott's Bay (one station). Alligator Creek's substrate contained extremely soft organic ooze which made walking impossible so no sample could be taken. Since the densities of most species of fish decrease from upstream to downstream, rotenone samples were collected near the headwatera ard near the mouth. By combining the high density area with the low density area, i an average s tanding crop per hectare was obtained for the creek as a I whole. The spring rotenone sampling trip showed that the standing crop was greatest in Bald head Creek for menhad en , bay anchovy, mummichog, and striped nullet. Walden Creek supported the highest standing crop for , spot ard flounder. Crot.ker showed the largest s tanding crop at Mott's Bay. The standing crops vere greater in the spring for all species except Atlantic silverside, white mullet, and croaker. The spring standing crops of each species by creek are displayed in Table 4.4 Baldhead Creek had the highest fall s tanding crop for mum:nichog,
'I Atlantic silversid e , spot, white mullet, and flound e r. The highest
- standing crop in Olden Creek was observed for s triped mullet. Mott's Bay contained the targest standing crop of bay anchovy and croaker in the fall (Table 4.5).
I 4.4 Summary and Conclusieno I The peak abund ance of fish and invertebrates occurred during recruitment of the individual species into the marshes. In some cases, such as with menhaden, the number of fish was high during the initial recrui tmen'; but increased even more when cohorts from other areas moved 4-17
I into the march. Spot, ctoaker, striped rullet , flounder, and blue crabs vere generally most abundant in the late winter and early s p rit.g months. Other organisms such as menhaden, bay anchovy, mummi chog, Atlantic silverside, white mullet, and brown shrimp were more abundant in the late spring and summer. White and pink shrimp were collected in their highest numbers in late summer and early fall. Most species of 31sh and shellfish exhibit certaia. spatial prefer-ences in an estuary. Many of the species that reside in the estuary, whether temporarily or permanently, choose areas with lower salinities or small salinity fluctuations. bey anchovy, croaker, flounder, and pink shrimp were most abundant in the upper estuary. All other selected species, except Atlantic silverside, were most abundant in Walden Creek which is generally low in salinity and has a small amount of fluctu-ation. Except for bay anchovy and Atlantic silverside, all of the selected species were most abundant in the mid to upstream areas of the tidal creeks. Species collected in Alligator Creek were most abundant in the mid to down creek areas, which is probably the resule of the con-stantly low salinity, bottom makeup, and competition with the numerous freshwater fish in the upstream station. Bay anchovy, Atlantic silverside, and white mullet were collected from areas with salinities between 21 ppt and 30 ppt. Pink shrimp was g most abundant in areas with salinities between 11 ppt and 20 ppt. All E other salected species were most abundant at salinities between 0 ppt and 10 ppt. Menhaden, spot. croaker, flounder, pink shrimp, and blue crabs were most abundant in the marshes when water temperatures were between 14'C and 24'C. Mummichog. Atlantic silverside, striped mullet, white mullet, brown shrimp, and white shrimp were most abundant when water temperatures were high (25'c to 34'C). All the selected species were most abundant in areas with low sediment organics except spot, flounder, and blue crab, which were most abundant in areas where organics were between 12% and 22%. I 4-18 I_ l
1 l The standing crops in the tidal creeks were generally higher in the spring than in the fall. The standing crop estimates for each selected l species is summarized in Tables 4.4 and 4.5. I l Because most species had expected distributions within creeks and were most abundant i t. Valden Creek and the upriver stations, it to unlikely that the power plant is having an adverse effect on the popu-lations of fishes utilizing the marshes of the CFE. i I I I I I I I I lI I lI I I I I 4-19
I I 5.0 NEKTON I 5.1 Int rod uc tion This portion of tne study program monitors long term changes in the juvenile and adult populations of nektonic organisms in the CFE. Basic-ally, the program uses catch per unit ef fort and length frequency data to provide a measure of these changes. I The major objectives of this program are to determine the relative seasonal a bund ance , species composition, and size distribution of the juvenile and adult fish and shellfish in the CTE. I The results of the 1982 nekton monitoring program are compared to data collected from 1979 through 1981 to ascertain trend s in species composition, abundance, and size distribution. 5.2 Method s Eleven stations were sampled extending from the freshwater drainage canal, approximately 3.4 km west of Southport, to Alligator Creek, approximately 0.6 km east of the Brunswick River (Figurs 1.2). Trawl samples were conducted every three weeks (Table 5.1). Salinity and temperature measurements were taken at the surf ace and bottom each time a station was visited, though only bottom values are reported (Figure 2.1). Travi samples consisted of fish and shellfish captured in a five-minute tow. Samples were sorted by species, enumerated, and weighed. Up to 50 lengths from each size group of the dominant and/or commercially important species (Table 1.2) were recorded f rom each sample. A length range was recorded for all other measurable species. Lar e;e samples were subsampled . More t'etailed descriptions of sampling methods and gear can be found in CP&L (1982). 5-1
I An ANOVA was used to examine the logio (CPlTi? + 1) of the selected species. Year classes were separated whenever possible. YOY individuals I W were .11 specimens recruited in the 1982 calendar year. Juveniles ard ad ult s were lumped together t.rd includ ed all other i nd i vid uals . The analysis was separated into three mod el s . An all years model was used with stations 1 ard 4 through 8, since these were the only stations with four complete years of data. A two year ocdel, 1981 and 1982, was also used to better document the changes occurring with stations 2, 10, 11, 12, 13. Stations 11 and 12 were added in 1980 and stations 2,10, and 13 were added in 1981. An analysis was also run on 1982 data. Results of the ANOVA are presented in Tables 5.6 through 5.B; but due to significant interactions occurring between main ef fects, conclusions were drawn f rom e amination of plots of the cell means. 5.3 Results and Discussion 5.3.1 Total Organisms
- I In 1982 finfish comprised 74% and non-finfish comprised 267. of the I
total organisms caught (Table 5.2). Ninety-three species of finfish were caught and 15 species of non-finfish were caught. S Of the total organisus caught from 1979 to 1982, 68% were finfish I and 32% were non-finfish (invartebrates and reptiles). Bay anchovy g (35%), spot (32%), croaker (19%), menhaden (5%), ard weakfish (4%) W accounted for 95% of the total finfish caught (Table 5.3). Grass shrimp (56%), brown shrimp (19%), blue crabs (7%), pink shrimp (6%). and white shrimp (5%) comprised 93% of the total non-finfish caught (Table 5.4). Catches remain (d f airly constant throughout the year. An unusually I large catch in December was due to a high catch of YOY croaker during that month (Figure 5.1). Analysis of CPUE of total organisms for 1982 showed that stations 1, 5, ard 13 generally had higher catches than the other stations during 5-2 a m
l I most of the year. Lower catches occurred at station 8 and 2. Mean log l CPUE for each station is presental in the following table. Station 1 5 13 4 6 7 Log CPUE 2.64 2.62 2.49 2.39 2.38 2.35 I Station 10 12 11 8 2 Log CPUE 2.27 2.09 2.07 1.84 1.60 i The following table presents the mean log CPUE of the total orga-nit's for each year. The catch in 1982 was only slightly higher than previous years. I Year lot 1982 2.37 1981 2.26 1979 2.26 1980 2.25 I 5.3.2 Species Accounts Menhad en Menhad en ranked fourth in abund ance for 1932 and for all years j combinai (Table 5.3). Since these sere primarily juveniles and adults, analysis was done only on these year classes. The CPUE for the period January 1979 through December 1982 was 12 (Table 5.5). January through March generally had higher catches than all other months (Figure 5.2). I l l 5-3
I As shown ir, the fo11owin8 table, the catch in 1982 at station 4 was higher than all other stations. Stations 10, 6, 7, 5, ard 13 were generally higher than the rest. These results compat e vell to previous years. Station 4 10 6 7 5 13 Log CPUE 1.27 0.84 0.82 0.80 0.75 0.72 Station 1 2 8 11 12 Log CPUE 0.56 0.42 0.38 0.37 0.03 Stations 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, and 13 are all deep water stations in the lower river. This possibly reflects a preference by adult menhaden for deeper water and the lower estuary. In 1979 the CPUE was 4. The CPUE increased to 14 in 1980,13 in 1981, and 16 in 1982 (CP&L 1982 and Table 5.2). The 1982 catch peakoi earlier and lasted longer than previous year's catches (Figure 5.2). Length f requency distributions show that new rec rui t s were first I collected in the small trawl in March and April at 20 to 30 mm. Their - numbers increased in June but quickly declined thereaf ter (Figure 5.3). Bay Anchovy The bay anchovy was the most abundant fish caught in the small trawl during 1982 and for all years combined (Table 5.3). In 1982, catches of YOY bay anchovies peaked in August and remained consistently high throughout the rest of the year (Figure 5.4). This is unlike previous years in which a bimodal period of abundance was seen with peaks in late summer ard late fall. Abund ance of ad ults peaked in April ard began declining gradually until their complete disappearance by late summer. This may indicate that the bay anchovy is an annual species. I 54 !
ed The CPUE of bay anchovy with the small trawl was 112 for the period [ January 1979 through December 1982 (Table 5. 5). The following table presents mean log CPUE values f or each stati'n by year class. YOY Individuals, Stations 1 13 4 5 8 10 I 1.26 1.23 1.18 Log CPUE 1.93 1.34 1.32 Station 11 6 2 7 12 Log CPUE 1.16 1.11 0.84 0.44 0.29 l Juveniles and Adults i Station 4 6 8 13 2 1 Log CPUE 1.21 1.11 1.08 1.06 1.02 1.01 Station 10 5 11 7 12 Log CPUE 0.76 0.67 0.44 0.23 0.01 Analysis of CPUE showed that station 1 generally had higher catches of YOY fish. Juveniles and adults were generally more abundant at stations 4 and 6. S t.ations 7 and 12 had lower catches of both year classes. Individual year comparisons show much variation in catch per station (CP&L 1982). YOY bay anchovies first appeared in June at 30 m:n or less. In July, adults no longer dominanted the catch and disappeared completely in late August or Se ptembe r . The peak period for growth of YOY individuals occurred f rom August to October, at which time some individuals ' reached 65 m:n (Figure 5.5). 5-5
I Sentrout Weakfish and spotted sentrout were the two commercially and recre-g ationally important sentrout species caught during the sampling ceriod. B Because of the small numbers collected (only 15 caught in 19t2) the spotted scatrout was not included in this diet.u sion. Weaktish was the fif th most abundant fish caught bring 1982 and also over the entire saepling period (Table 3.3). Th'a species was present f rom June through December with the peak abundance occurring f rom June through August (Tigure 5.6). At this time, t! r cat.ch of weakfish was made up primarily of YOY iridivi duals , therefore it is these indi-viduals which will be discus:ed in detail. For the entire sampling period (1979-1982). the CPUE for s fish was 10 (Table 5. 5). In 1982 stations 1, 4, 6, 10, and 13 all had a mean log CPUE of 0.54 or greater. The mean log CPUE for all other stations was 0.42 or less. These results are similar to the trends in previous years and may possibly reflect a pref erence for the lower river areas of the estuary (CP&L 1982). The CPUE for weakfish was 7, 11, ll, and 9 in 1979. 1980, 1961, and 1982, respcetively (CP&L 1982 and Table 5.2). Recruitment began in June and continuso into September (Figure g~ 5.7). Recruits were a caximum of 65 mm in June, and by late summer some 5 individuals had reached 140 tun. Spot I Spot ranked second in abundance for both 1982 and the entire study I period (Table 5.3). Spot were collected throughout the entire year. Juvenile and adult fish were abundant f rom January to July. at which time they moved into deeper water. YOY it.dividuah were most abundant from February through July (Figure 5.8). I I 5-6 5_
9 N For years 1979 through 1982, the CPUE for spot was 90 (Table 5.5). As the following table shows, stations 5, 6, and 13 generally had higher catches of YOY spot. l Station 5 b 13 1 4 10 Log CPUE 1.48 1.34 1.32 1.10 0.99 0.73 i Station 11 7 12 8 2 Eg*CPUE 0.72 0.59 0.50 0.46 0.44 In 1981 catches of YOY epot were high at All gator Creek (station 12). The catch at this station was relatively low in 1982. This nay relate to a sharp drop in mean river salinity during the late spring (Table 2.1) which is the latter perica of peak abundance of YOY spot. Catches of juvenile and adult spot vero highest at station 1 (mean log CPUE of 0.83) and lowest at station 12 (mean log CPUE of 0.07). Results show that adult spot generally are found in the lower reaches of the CFE, wherean YOY individuals utilize the upper reaches of the CFE in addition to the lower areas. The CPUE cf all sizes of spot was 90, 40, Ill, and 119 for I 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982, respectively (CP&L 1982 and Table 5.2). The mean log CPUE of YOY individuals and juvenile and adults is presented in the following table. YOY Individuals Year 1982 1979 1980 1981 Log CPUE S 99 0.95 0.68 0.67 Juvenile and Adults Year 1981 1982 1980 1979 Log CPUE 0.72 0.59 0.50 0.46 5-7
I Analysis of CPUE shows that 1979 and 1982 had generally higher catches of YOY spot. For juvenile and adults, 1981 had higher catches than 1982 or 1980. Lower catches occurred in 1979. Recruits first showed up in the small trawl during January at 15-I 25 tmn. Steady growth was seen during all four years from May until October, at which time these individuals were 45 to 115 m:n (Figure 5.9). Croaker Croaker was the third most abundant fish in small trawl catches for the period 1979 through 1982 and also ranked third in the 1982 catch (Table 5.3). Generally, YOY croaker were most abundant in the small trawl catches during late April to July (Figure 5.10). Also a large catch occurred in December of 1982 due to strong recruitment in the early winter. Catches of juvenile and adult croaker were hightr in April and ~y . g The CPUE of croaker was 46 for the entire study period (Table 5.5). Stations 1, 11,10, and 12 had a mean log CPUE of 1.06 or greater for YOY croaker. All other stations had a mean log CPUE of less than
- 1. Stations 4, 10, and 5 had a mean log CPUE of 0.57 or more for juve-nile and adult croaker. Alligator Creek had a mean log CPUE of 0.01 for g
juveniles and adults. In general, juveniles and adultr. were abundant at 3 and dovastream of station 10 (Snow's Cut). The results show that although juvenile and adult croaker may be found anywhere in the 6ampling area, they are more abundant in the higher saline lower river areas. YOY individuals, on the other hand, utilized the lower saline areas upriver in addition to the lower river stations, as witnessed by 1981 data. 111gh river flow and lowered salinity (Figure 2.1) caused by heavy rains during the period April to June (time of peak abandance of YOY croaker) may have caused the drop in the CPUE of YOY croaker at station 12 during 1982. In g 1979 the overall CPUE of croaker was 55. This declined to 37 in 1980 and 5 declined again in 1981 to 25 (CP&L 1982). The CPUE increased to 68 in 1982 (Table 5.2). The mean log CPUE for YOY individuals and juvenile and adults are presented on the following table. I 5-8 E
._---____-___-____._-_______-_____--___.________--.________._..___--..____---______...-_-___-____--_-_-.__--_s
I av Individuals Year 1979 a. 1980 1981 Log CPUE 0.94 0.86 0.86 0.48 Juveniles and Adults Year 1981 1982 1980 1979 Log CPUE 0.62 0.40 0.36 0.14 I The mean log CPUE of YOY croaker was highest in 1979 and lowest 1981. T^nis pattern vsa revtrsed for juveniles and adults. Recruitment of YOY croaker began in September and October and YOY croaker were about 15 to 20 mm I continued through the following May. when they first appeared in trawl samples (Figure 5.11). Peak periods of growth occurred from May until October of every year. Mullet I Mullet were collected in relatively small numbers (< 0.1% of the total catch) during the study period 1979 through 1982. Approximately 96% of the mullet collected were striped and the other 4% were white (Table 5.2, 1981 report, and Table 5.2). These small numbers preclude any statistical ecmparison. I Flounder Southern flounder was the most abundant flounder species and com-prised roughly 79% of the total flounder catch (Table 5.2). I During the study period 1979 through 1982, southern flounder com-prised 0.58%, 0.35%, 0.07%, and 0.25% of the catch, respectively (CP&L 1982 and Table 5.2). I I I 3-9
Other rinfish_ In addition to the comme rcially and recreationally important species, five other species were among the top ten :nos t abundant fish caught lating the study period 1979 through 1982 (Table 5.3). Blackcheck tonguefish, hogchoker, star drum, spotted hake, and silver perch ranked 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively. In 1982 silver perch dropped out of the top ten most abundant cate-gory and white catfish appeared rsnked at 9. This may not represent a change in relative abundance of either species but rather the addition of the upriver stations in 1980. Non-Fintish I This g';ou p includes decapod crustaceans, mollusks, and reptiles. I The six most abundant species in this group during the entire study period were grass shrimp, brown shrimp, blue crabs, pink shrimp, white shricip, and hardback shrimp (Table 5.4). The discussion will be restricted to the commercially important species of the f amily Pensei!)e (brown, pink, and white shrimp) and blue crabs. Brown Shrimp I The period of abundance of brown shrimp generally occurred from June to August with a peak in June (Figure 5.12). yor the period 1979 through 1982, thJ CPUE of brown shrimp was 20 g (Table 5.5). In 1982, station 5 (mean log CpUE = 0.90) had a higher 5 catch than stations 13, 7, 4, 6, and 1 (mean log CPUE values of 0.73 to 0.60). Stations 10 and 11 had maan log CPUE values of 0.43 and 0.35, respectively. During 1981 stations 10 and 11 had the highest catches (CP&L 1982). Low salinities during late spring (Figure 2.1) probably infloenced abundances at the upriver stations during 1982. In 1979 the 5-10 I E.
I I CPUE of brown shrimp was 31 and decreased to 21 in 1980 and 10 in 1981. The CPUE increasal to 18 in 1982 (Table 5.2). Recruits were first collected in May of 1979 through 1981 but did not show up until June of 1982 (CP&L 1982 and Figure 5.13). Add i-tionally, very few brown shrimp were impinged during May of 1982 (Figure I 6.8). This delay may have been caused by the high f reshwater flow that occurred during April through June of that year (Figure 2.1). A period of rapid growth was apparent from June through August every year. After August, the larger individuals moved of f shore and were no longer abundant in the trawl catch. Smaller ind ivid uals were caught in low numbers through the end of the year. I Pink Shrimp I In 1979 and 1981 pink shrtup exhibited a period of abendance occur-ring from August to October. During 1980, however, the peak abundance I occurred from January to Kay and in 1982 it occurred in January (Figure 5.14). This was a result of a large overvintering population due to a strong late summer recruitment in 1979 and 1981, coupled with low popu-lation during the late summer of 1980 an] 1982. I The CPUE for the entire sampling period was 7 (Table 5.5). The following table lists the mea.. log CPUE by station for pink shrimp during 1982. I station 1 7 5 4 10 13 I W CPUE 0.60 0.53 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.20 Station 8 6 11 2 12 Log CPUL 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14 Stations 1 and 7 had generally higher catches in 1982. In 1980 station 12 (Alligator Creek) had the thi rd highest catta of pink shrimp (CP&L 1982). The catch at station 12 decreased in 1981 and 1982. The catch I 5-11
I, during peak abundance upriver was low due to low salinity (Figure 2.1). The CITTE f or 1979,1980,1981, ani 1982 waw 14, 5, 7, ani 3 respectively (CP&L 1982). YOY recruits first began showing up in the small trawl in June at about 35 tr.m . A secon! recruitment of YOY pink shrimp uere collected in the trawl during October. Growth occurred during the period July to September of 1982 (Figure 5.15). k'hite Shrimp k'hite shrimp were usually present in the small trawl catch from mid- l July until November or December. August had a higher catch than any other month (Figure 5.16). For the entire sampling pe ri od , the CPUE of white sh rin:p was 9 (Table 5.5). The following table lists the mean log CPUE by station for 1982. Station 5 had higher catches than stations 13 and 1 which were higher than the rest. Station 5 13 1 7 4 6 Log CPUE 1.83 1.20 1.09 0.69 0.65 0.64 Station 11 12 10 8 2 Log CPUE 0.58 0.17 0.47 0.08 0.04 I Station 11 (an upriver station) had a f airly high CPUE in 1980 and 1981 (CP&L 1982). This would seem to indicate that a nursery area exis t s upriver at least as far as that station. De CPUE at station 11 dropped comewhat in 1982 and was probably related to the sharp decrease in salinity during April and June of that year (Figure 2.1). The CPUE of white chrimp in 1979 was 3, in 1980 was 14, and in 1981 dropped to 2 (CP&L 1982). In 1982 the CPUE of white shrimp was 12 (Table 5.2). I 5-12 5
s Wite shrimp recruits became available to the small trawl in July of 1982 (Figure 5.17). Mest of the white shrimp recruits were 25 to 80 mm I at this time. A pe riod of rapid growth occurred from Jubl through L September. Blue C.'ab Blue crabs were present during all months of the study (Figure 5.18). Generally, greater catches occurred in March through August during 1979, 1980, and 1981. In 1982, the catch of blue crabs was higher in January through February. This may have been relatoi to the drop in salinity during May through June of 1982 (Figure 2.1). The following table lists the trean log CPUE by station for 1982. Of the lower river stations, stations 13, 6, and 4 generally had higher catches of blue crab than the other stations. Station 13 6 4 12 10 5 Log CPUE 0.78 0.76 0.70 0.61 0.59 0.55 Station 7 11 8 1 2 Log CPUE 0.48 0.47 0.44 0.38 0.26 During 1981, catches at station 12 were generally higher than stations 6 and 4 (CP&L 1982). The higher catches upriver at station 12 indicate usage of this area as a nursery area by blue crabs. The CPUE was down at station 12 in 1982 and may have been related to the drop in salinity during inte spring of that year (Figure 2.1). The CPUE of blue crab was 11, 6, 7, and 8 in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982, respectively (CP&L 1982, and Table 5.2). 5.4 Summa:y and Conclusions Nekton monitoring from January 1979 to December 1982 showed little difference among years for CPUE of total organisms. Differences in
--is
I individ ual species were seen among years, months, and stations. These differences were expected however, and were due to the variation which occurs in populations f rom year to year. Some of this variation can be ex plained by abiotic factors such au temperature, and more importantly salinity, as witnessed by changes it. the abundanic of some species at the upriver areas of 42 cast and Alligator Creek. Additionally some organisms are more abund ant in particular habitats. An example of this would be the greater relative abund ance of menhad en in the deep water areas of the CFE. Other factors such as the schooling behavior of large numbers of bay anchovies also ecme into play.
'dith an additional year's data, further documentation was obtained that the upriver arJan above Snow's Cut serve as a nurse ry grouni for g
many of the selected species. In 1981 and 1982 catches of croaker, spot, a brown shrimp, white shrimp, ard blue crabs were generally high upriver. A drop in the catch of some species during part of 1982 was due to the large influx of fresh water during May atd June of that year. Because of these distributions and abund ance s , it is unlikely that I the BSEP is limiting recruitment to the upriver nursery ground t. , and therefore not causing an adverse ef fect on the CFE. E E_ I I, I I I I 5-14 a
I I 6.0 IMPINGEMENT I 6.1 Int rod uction I Impingement s tud ie s have been conducted at BSEP since January 19, 1974, when water was first pumped through the plant. Objectives of these and the present study have basically remained unchanged and add re s s the determination of nmtbe rs , lengths, weights, species composition, and length frequency of organisms impinged at BSEP. During 1982 the diversion system evolved from a temporary diversion fence across the intake canal to a concrete ard permanent screen diver-sion structure. Impingement varied with the different degrees of con-struction of the diversion structure. In January through April the I temporary diversion fence was being maintained but was only partially ef fective due to washouts under an1 around the screening. In May through November the temporary diversion fence was removed ard the construction of the ner structure started . During this period , organisms entered the BSEP intake canal freely. On November 15, the new structure was com-plete. Impingement af ter this period consisted of organisms which were trapped in the canal when the final screens were ins talled and those small enough to pass through the 10 c:n mesh screens. I 6.2 Me thod s Impingement sampling ee thod ology in 1982 was id entical to that of
.g 5 1981 (CP6L 1982). In summary, dawn and dusk samples were collected over a 24-hour period each week. Occasionally, a screen malfunction or other plant problems resulted in a missed sample.
Laboratory analysis consisted of separating the organisms from the debris, identifying, enumerating, recording minimum and maximum length, l and wef ghing as n total each species by size group. Up to 100 specimens of 14 selected species (Table 1.2) were measured f rom each 24-hour study g period for length frequency estimations. I 3 lI 6-1
I Monthly estimates of impingement were obtained by dividing the total E number of hours in a month by the number of hours sampled during that W month. This expansion factor was then mitiplied by the number and weight of all the organisms collected during that month, the 12 monthly totals were then combined to obtain the annual estimate. Statistical analysis were performed on log 10 (number + 1) and log 10 I (weight + 1) per million cubic meters of water entrained. l Tor purposes of analysis all taxa were grouped into the following ) 12 categories gl g Category Taxa included Menhaden Menheden Bay anchovy Bay anchovy Seatrout Weakfish Spotted seatrout Spot Spot Croaker Croaker Mullet Stri,)ed mullet White nullet Flounder Summer flounder g Southern flounder W Gulf flounder Shrimp Brown shrimp Pink shrimp White shrimp Blue crab Blue crabs Other finfish All finfish not included in another group Other shellfish Crustaceans such as grass shrimp, mantis shrimp, and crabs other than blue crabs Miscellaneous species All organisms not included in another species group (turtles , squid, etc. ) I 6-2 I 5
I 6.3 Results and Discussion t , 3.1 Species Composition The 1982 impingement catch totaled 19.8 million organisms including
*37 t ax a weighing 76,494 kg (Table 6.1).
. Thirty-five t ax a were repre-I i ented by 100 or fewer individuals, and er fewer ind ivid ual s .
81 taxa were represented by 1000 Only 4 species repre sented more then 2% of the Menhaden and gizzard shad, two clupeid s, represented 55.1% I total catch. and 26.3%, respectively, of the annual catch (Table 6.2). The third highest annual catch was bay anchovy, totaling 5.3%, followed by blue crab (2.6%) and croaker, spot, and brown shrimp each totaling 1% to 2% of the cacch. White shrimp, grass shrimp, and spotted hake were also includ ed in the ten most abund ant species totaling less than 1% of the annual catch. These species combined for 96.2% of the annual catch (Table 6.2). Total nuebers, weights, and species composition for each taxa are present ed in Table 6.3 with monthly subtotals by analysis category pre-sented in Table 6.4. 6.3.2 Seasonality The impingement catch for January totaled 9 million organisms of which 8.2 nillion were menhad en. 1.a rge schools of YOY menhaden vere affected by the low temperatures, 4.5'C to 6.8'C (Figuro 2.2), and were Minged on the screens. Another fish run occurred in June when heavy rains red uced salini-I ties in the lower CFE from 25 ppt to 4 ppt (Figure 2.1) over a four week period. With the freshvarer runoff came large numbers of YOY gizzard shad. Over 5 million gizzard shad were impinged in June, making it the highest June impingement on record . I The February thro'igh May catch was typical of previcus years. The July through November catches were among the lowest of previous years due 6-3
I
- o reduced intake flows during plant outages. The December catch was the lavest ever recorded ard is attributable to low flow rates atd the com-pletion of the diversion structure.
6.3.3 Flow Rates Average monthly cooling water flow rates for 1982 and the mean average for 1977-1981 are pre sent cd in Figure 6.1. The higher impinge-ment from January through April atd the lower impingement July through December corres pond to the flow rates during the same pe riod s (Figure - 6.2). For analysis all numbers and weights of organisms impinged were con-I ve rted to units per million cubic meters of water entrained (Table 6.5 and 6.6) . In this manner, total monthly numbers are adjusted for varying flow rates. This is important when catches are low atd flows are high or vice versa. For example, June had the second highest total monthly catch in 1982. Junn also had the lowest monthly flow rate in 1982. By expressing the catch in number per million cubic meters, it can be seen that June record ed the highest monthly rate of impingement during 1982 (Table 6.5). 6.3.4 Day-Night Comparisons g Many estuarine organisms are more active at night. The 1982 samples were collected during day or night periods to allow comparisons between the two period s. Total day catch for each month ranged between 12 and 70 percent by number and 15 to 56 percent by weight (Table 6.7). The highest value, 70 percent by number and 56 percent by weight, is atypical atd was attributed to the gizzard shad run during June. Without the June values the daytime catch was generally 25 percent of the total catch (Figure 6.2). 6.3.5 Yearly Comparisons The results of Duncan's multiple range comparison of means of 6-4 l I . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
1 l numbers and weights of organisms impinged by year are presented in Table 6.8. The catches by number for 1982 ranked secord from the last or last for trout, spot, bay anchovy, mullet, and shrimp although they were not significantly different from cany of the other years. The catches for blue crabs, flound e r , and croaker were ranked fourth or fif th and were also not significantly different from many of the other years. The menhaden catch for 1982 was ranked third but was not significantly dif-I ferent from the highest five years. The high 1982 catch is a result of the January fish run. Analyses of biomass (weight) impinged are presented for the first time. The weight rankings were ve ry similar to the number rankings (Table 6.8). I 6.3.6 Length Trequency I Length frequency graphs for menhadt bay anchovy, weakfish, spot, croaket, brown shrimp, pink shrimp, ard w..i t e shrimp are present ed in Figures 6.3 through 6.10. The data for spotted seatrout, white mullet, s t riped mullet, summer flounder, ard southern flounder are not presented i because few individuals were caught. The species showed ex pected sea- ! sonality ard growth as reported in 1981 (CP&L 1982). 6.3.7 Diversion Structure .I l The diversion structure war. d esigned to reduce impingement by pre-l venting juvenile and ad ult aquatic organisms from entering the intake canal The construction schedule of the permanent structure was as I follows:
- I Ccnstruction started April 23 Removal of prototype screen May 15 - October 10 Installation of frames and supports May - September Installation of new screens started October 11 Installation completed November 15 6-5
I In December the diversion structure was ef fective in excluding orga-nisms from the intake canal. However, come of those organisms trapped in the intake canal were impinged. l l The 1977 through 1981 average December impingement consisted of l a pproxima t eP/ 13,000 organisms per million cubic meters of water entrained- The December 1982 impingement consisted of 1500 organisms per , million :ubic meters of water entrained : unly 11% of the 1977-1981 December average (Figure 6.11). Future impingement should be red uced even f urther as the organisms trapped in the canal are removed . l 6.4 Summary arxi Conclusions The highest monthly impingement was recorded during January and June while the lowest .ra s record cd for December. Meterological conditions, l low water temperatures in January and low salinity in June, contributed to the high impingement. The low impingement in December is directly l related to the completion of the diversion structure. During the first month of operation, impingement was reduccd by approximately 90%. Impingement will not be eliminated at BSEP. Larvae and postlarvan will be able to pass through the 10 mm mesh of the diversion screens. These organisms may reside and grow in the intake canal for months before becoming impinge 6 Those organisms that are impinged will be returned to the estuary via the new return system. Fish runs as previously experi-enced will liminated. I I I I I 6-6 g
c - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I 7.0 LITERATURE CITED Brunswick Steam Electric Plant. I Carolina Power & Light Company. Annual Biological Monitoring Report. 1981. Southport, NC. 1982. Carolina Power & Light Company. 1980. Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, I Cape Tear Studies, Interpretive Report. New Hill, NC. R. G. Hodson, and R. J. Monroe. 1979. Larvae and Copeland, B. J., I postlarvae in the Cape Fear estuary North Carolina, during operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric Platn, 1974-1978. hieigh, NC. I Hodson, R. G. 1979. Utilization of marsh habitats as primary nursery areas by young fish and shrimp, Cape Fear estuary North Carolina. BSEP Cape Fear Studies, Volume VIII. Raleigh, NC. Nc rth Carolina I State University. Ichthyoplankton samplers g Hodson , R. G. , C. R. Benne tt , and R. J. Monroe. g for simultaneous replicate samples at surface and bottom. Estuaries 4(3):176-184. Hodson, R. G. , J. V. Schneider, and 3. J. Copeland. 1977. Assessment of entrainment during one unit operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, 1974-1976. Report to Carolina Power and Light Company, Raleigh, NC. Report No. 77-1. Weinstein, M. P. 1979. Shallow marsh habitats as primary nurseries for fishes and shellfish, Cape Fear River, North Carolina Fish. Bull. I 77:339-357. High marsh study, Cape Fecr River, 1978. BSEP 1979. I Cape fear Studies, Volume IX. Pearl River, h"la Lawler, Matusky & Skelly Engineers. I I I I I I I 7-1 E
- I
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'I , BRUNSWIC'( STEAM ll . ELECTRIC PLANT lI lI 1 'l ANNUAL BIOLOGICAL MONITORING REPORT ll !I 1982 ,l Il i VOLUME ll l I g ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY SECTION I Cp
..............&.._L I .
l g/ . _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ - - - . . . . = _ . _-
I I I Table 1.1 &5LP 1982 biolsgital sor,itering program. Progras _ f aettir. Frequency ,teepitr @ rp_ tone
..tra. ..t .e.k1, ...t .. e .e.:
I !stlesoment water Quality Weekly Weekly Intake screens Dutchman Creek Walden Creek Suty 15 I luoy 19 Suoy 23 luey 29 Buoy 33 Suey 38 I River Lorial Fish 11 weekly. September-Mar luey 42 Sutchsan Creek ($tation 11) Valden Creek ($tation 14) Monthly, luey 1$ (Stetton ll) mne-August Sucy 19 (Statico 23) Buoy 29 (Station 37) Suoy 38 (Station 34) tuoy 42 (Station 41) I Dlacrete Depth February-March luoy 19 (Tour 24-hour tilpe) tuny 38 Nekten tvery three weeks freshwater I Drainage Caral 51ough east of luoy 18 intake Catial west of luey 19 Valden Creek I shallows weet of Buoy 13 ICV marker 174
$ hallows east of I
Buoy 42 A111 stor Creek Intake canal Inside Diversion Strutture I Migh Marsh Between canal bende Adjacent to plant Trew! and seine tvery three weeks Baldhead Creek I Trew! 7 stettens Seits 2 statione Walden Creek Trawl 9 stations Seine 2 stattens I Mott's Creek Esy Trawl 1 station Seine 1 station Alligator Creek I totenote L6te Utoter and Early yell Trawl 4 stattoes Baldhead Creek 2 statione Valden Creek I 2 stattoos Mott's Creek tay 1 station I I 1-4 I
[ l
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. Species of fish and shellfish ana lyze d by program. g
[ Program W
? ,
E D M N I
- h. Ic' bme_
!).
Comtnon Name ,L X X X X X l Atlantic menhaden Qgrtiatyrannus g 3 4 dse hgahapsetua tchilli Striped anchovy Bay anchury
)) . X X X fodontidae X' lR Muestchog j$ulus heterociitus Striped kill 1h ch X lajalia-X if.midae Rough silverside
,bbras martinica X nidfa-beryllina Inland silv2rside X menidia Atlantic silverside unidae Spotted sentrout ] X X l ruoscion nebulosus J ]J X X J E Weakfish N yregalis Spot X X X X X X eiostemus xanthurus X X X X X X icropogonias urdulatus Atitutic croaker ilidas ugil cephalus
. curema Striped mullet White mullet
)) X X
X X l J 9 ' iidae Dartar goby 4bionellus boleosoma Sharptail goby
;. hastattis Freshwater gobf ; _ '
- . shufeldti Naked goby 7 %
;obiosoma bosci Seaboard goby .) d
- 3. ginsburgi '
thidr- ' ' Paralichthys albigotta Gulf ficander f. X Summer flounder :' d P. dentatus Southern flounder . s- X P. lethostigma inteidae I X X X X Brown abrimp j penaeas aztecus Pink shrimp ] l X/X X X1X m P. duorarum White shrimp J J X
.P. setiferus 'rtunidae Blue crab ] 7 -)
Callinectes sapidus ' J J J Blue crab C. similus D = Discrete depth N = Nekton g L = Larval fish 1 = Impingement E M = High marsh Ea Entrainment
)= Species grouped for analysis purposes I
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11 Table 1 1 RSr.P 1982 biological sonitoring program. frettaa Senpling frequency Sampiter Locattees tetratement Weekly Discharge vetr Impingement Weekly Intake screens M Water Quality Weekly Dutchman Creek Walden Creek luey 15 I Sucy 19 Suoy 15 Suoy 29 Buoy 35 Buoy 38 I River Larval Fish liweekly, Sep t embe r-Key Bucy 42 Dutchman Creek ($tation 11) Valden Creek (Station 24) Monthly, I locy 15 (Station 18) June- Au gus t luoy 19 (5tation 25) Sucy 29 ($tation 37) Buoy 38 (Station 34) Buoy 42 (Station 41) I Discrete Depth T e ttua ry-Ma rch Buoy 19 (Tour 24-hour trips) Suoy 38 Nekton Every three weeks Treshwater I Drainage Canal Slough east of 8voy 18 Intake Canal west of Buoy 19 Walden Creek I Shallows west cf Buoy 13 ICW marker 174 Sha11ove aset of Buoy 41 I Alligster Creek Intake Canal Inside Diversion S t ructure I Righ Marsh 3etween canal bende Adjacent to plant Trawl and seine Every three useks Baldhead Creek I Trawl 7 stations Seine 1 stations Walden Creek Trawl 9 etations Seine 2 stations Mott's Creek Eay
.I Trawl I station seine 1 station Alligator Creek Trawl 4 stattoos I Rotenona Late Winter and Carly yall Baldhead Creek 2 statione Walden Creek I 2 statiots Mott's Creek Bay 1 station 11 I 1-4 II
I. Table 1.2 Species of fish .c.d shellfish analyzed by program. Program Scientific Name Common Name L E D M N I Clupeidae Brevoortia tyrannus Atlantic menhaden X X X X X Engraulidae Striped anchovy 5 Anchoa hepsetus ] ] 3 A. mitchilli Bay anchovy J J X X X Cyprinodontidae E Fundulus heteroclitus Mummichog X 5 F. majalis Striped killifish X Atherinidae Membras martinica Rough silverside X Menidia beryllina Inland silverside X M. menfdia Atlantic silverside X Sciaenidae Cynoscion nebulosus Spotted seatrout l l X X l C. regalis Weakfish J J X X J g Leicatomus xanthurus Spot X X X X X X E Micropogonias undulatus Atlantic croaker X X X X X X Mugilidae Mugil cephalus M. curema Striped mullet White mullet )) X X X X ] Gobiidae Gobionellus boleosoma Darter goby G. hastatus Sharptail goby G. shufeldti Freshwater go,by l Gobiosoma bosci Naked goby % % ! G. ginsburgi Seaboard goby J J Bothidae ' ' ' Paralichthys albigutta Gulf flounder P. dentatus Summer flounder X X P. lethostigraa Southern flounder _, - X X -
?enacidae Penaeus aztecus Brown shrimp X X X X X P. duorarum Pink shrimp ] X X X P. setiferus White shrimp J _) X X X Portunidae Callinectes sapidus Blue crab ] 1 ]
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M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M- M Table 3.3 Resttits of ANOVA for summer larval fieb, September 1976 - August 1982 Seationt Cobionellus spp. Source Anchovies Week Year Week
- Year Station Surface /Botton NS Station
- Papth ***
**= ***
Time
- Station Year
- Station Week
- Depth ***
a
*** NS NS h Year
- Depth l
2.508 0.84 0.484 Log 0.537 0.456 32 0.517 9-22 10-21 6-25 Analysis Week NS p > 0.05
- 0.01 < p < 0.05
** 0.001 < p < 0.01 l
*** p < 0.001 1
l i
I Table 3.3 (continued) Goblosoma spp. Pink & Whi_te Shrimp Total Fish Source Week Year Week
- Year Station Surface / Bottom Station
- Depth Week
- Station Year
- Station NS Week
- Depth NS w
NS ** Year
- Depth NS h
Log 1.692 1.468 2.630 2 0.558 0.533 0.439 S Analysis Week 10-22 12-20 1-26 NS p > 0.05
- 0.01 < p < 0.05
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001 M M MI M M M M M M M M M M M GM M M M r
'm M E' -m m M m m m m m -m m M M Table 3.4 Results of ANOVA for winter larval fish (September 1976 - August 1982),
l l Source Spot Croaker Flounder Week *** *** ***
- Year *** *** ***
Week
- Year *** *** ***
Station *** *** *** Surface / Bottom NS *** NS Station
- Depth *** *** ***
Week
- Station *** *** ***
Year
- Station *** *** ***
ta Week
- Depth NS *** NS Year
- Depth *** NS
- l Log 1.551 1.676 0.857 2
S 0.557 0.630 0.534 Analysis Week 8-18 2-17 8-15 NS p > 0.05
- 0.01 < p < 0.05
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001
Table 3.4 (continued) Source Menhaden Mullet Brown Shrimp Week *** *** *** Year *** *** *=* Week
- Year *** *** ***
Station *** . *** *** Surface / Bottom * *** *** Station
- Deptli * *** NS Week
- Station *** *** ***
Year
- Station *** ** ***
Week
- Depth * *** ***
Y g Year
- Depth * ** NS o
Log 1.013 0.332 0.724 2 0.404 0.47 S 0.568 Analysis Week 13-18 8-15 12-19 NS p > 0.05
- 0.01 < p < 0.05
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001 E M M. M M M --
M M M M M M M M M M M M
M M M M M M M M M ' W M i M M M Table 3.5 River larval fish trend analysis, September 1976 to August 1982 Deviation from % Change Linear Trend Error Per Year Species Linear Trend 0.257 NS 0.015 +18.85 Croaker 0.394** 0.030** 0.006 +17.56 Cobionellus spp. 0.292** 0.033 NS 0.0198 +16.50 Brown Shrimp 0.309** 0.021** 0.041 %.01 Total Fish 0.045** 0.015** 0.001 +4.39 Mullet 0.024** 0.02 NS 0.015 +4.21 Seatrout 0.019 NS 0.013 NS 0.076 44.13 Y Spot 0.217 NS 0.324 NS 0.459 +2.05 Anchovies 0.005 NS Pink. & White Shrimp 0.004 NS 0.352 NS 0.021 -1.998 0.0001 NS 0.051* 0.014 -0.32 Gobiosoma spp. l NS 0.065 -2.45 Flounder 0.008 U3 0.071 0.0098 N8 0.052
- 0.003 -2.69 Menhaden
- Significance Level = 0.05
** Significance level = 0.01 NS Not Significant
I I TABLE 3.6 MEAN DENSI(Y FROH 1979, 1981 AND 1962 DISCRETE DEPTH SAMPLING PROGRAMS. 1979- 1981 1982 SPECIES STA 34 STA 25 STA 34 STA 25 STA 34 BAY ANCHOVY 70.90 29.22 29.08 36.98 12.36 CROAKER 656.00 258.84 432.C8 1131.69 2350.66 FLOUNDER 182.04 14.53 41 72 39.03 78.86 MENHA0EN 35.14 35.28 8.03 25.75 18.31 MULLET 22.50 0.47 0.46 2.05 1.14 PINFISH 89.74 30.93 5 92 9.84 12.10 SPOT 396.63 102.35 61 88 344.32 464.48 N EFFORTS 478 239 240 240 235 I I M I I I I I I 3-32 l
I I Table 3.7 ANOVA (split-plot model) for 1982 discrete depth sampling by species, SPECIES = CROAKER Source Str. tion 25 Station 34 Main plot: Round
- NS Duncan's MR Log Round 2.68 1 2.42 2 Period *** NS Duncan's MR I.E Period 2.85 Night 2.26 Day I Tidal ** NS Duncan's MR Log Tide 2.95 High Slack 2.82 High Out 2.73 High In 2.60 Mean Out 2.55 Mean In I
2.43 Low out 2.32 Low Slack 2.01 Low In Period
- Tidal NS NS I NS Not significant - p > .05
.01 < p i .05 ** .001 < p i .01 *** p i .001 g s 22
l Table 3.7 (continued) SPECIES = CROAKER I I Source Station 25 Station 34 Sub-plot: Depth *** *** Period
- Depth *** ***
Day Night Day Night Logf Depth Log Depth g Depth Log Depth g 3.13 9 3.13 11 3.62 11 3.40 11 5
-3.02 11 3.01 3 3.32 9 2.90 9 2.95 7 2.99 9 2 92 7 2.72 7 2.48 5 2.89 5 2.09 5 2.60 5 1.39 3 2.88 7 0.78 3 2.17 1 0.59 1 2.18 1 0.47 1 2.14 3 su Tidal
- Depth NS **
Period
- Tidal
- Depth NS NS NS Not significant - p > .05
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3-34 I e
I Table 3.7 (continued) SPECIES = SPOT I Source Station 25 Station 34 Main plot I Round NS NS I Period NS NS I Tidal ** NS I Duncate's MR Log Tide 2.48 Righ In 2.46 High Slack I 2.26 High Out 2.22 Mean In 2.09 Mean Out I 1.84 Low out
, 1.74 Low Slack 1.46 Low In Period
- Tidal NS NS I
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*** p < .001 I I 3-35
l Table 3.7 (continued) SPECIES = SPOT I Source Station 25 Station 34 Sub-plot: Depth *** *** Period
- Depth *** ***
Dg Night Day Night Log Depth Log Depth Log Dep th Log Depth 2.46 5 2.61 3 2.92 11 2.19 11 2.38 9 2.27 5 2.35 9 2.10 1 2.32 7 2.15 1 2.16 7 2.01 5 2.31 11 2.06 7 1.81 5 2.01 7 1.73 3 1.91 9 0.52 3 2.01 3 0.77 1 1.84 11 0.17 1 1.76 9 Tidal
- Depth NS NS e I
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- Depth NS NS i
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. 3-36 .E
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- g - m mN m c.- 5s' E .
- i
- r. <
. .e <o e~ 4. rpm. P - ~o ~# a. , -s.- >e . -e #e - - . - # #.e ed. -e.-e-ae-+o. .e. o. ~,e,e o re - . *
- e .e m
. , . . P . , . . . . . ~.........
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- . - < ~, ~. ~~ ~-e Ro -.ee= ~ f <, ~ ,e t .e~ . ., s.e--,P- <-~P-s s -- ,
.s<
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e - s s . ~ ~ . ~m. . ~. e
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. o- e- eP t....
... ~. <# ~
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e o e e l4,
--se-s me ~~--~- --
I
- N N -
- c.
J sssssssss ssssss
--- . s - sa - s .- s. .a.. a, -.--- s . e s- s 1 1111:a sts.s .s s. sa.a..g
.a. c . a s s* a .**s s *2*f****2*IIgs ~. ~ .s s s s=*** s s s s s s8 s s. e sd I s a*
- - - tassi----
r i, > rY t s *t ;, ; A3.1.1 1,1' 4 .*)t~t5 * *1 s* ,=sm.-~~.-- <=. s s a = = s s. s i. (a m..>.-~ ># ~ k--~s .- Y Y. Y s..-~~..ss.--~l. .l .i i r *s *y.~e.-.
- t -s-.-~s...s...e.~,-.
I i I 3-43
Table 3.12 Results of analysis of variance for en;.rainment, September 1974 to August 1982 (I4 10 [ density + 10) - winter species only). Source Spot Croaker Flounder Week *** *** *** Year *** *** *** Week
- Year *** *** **a Day / Night *** *** ***
, Y, Week
- D/N 1
Year
- D/N Log 1.874 1.805 1.219 Std. Dev. 0.368 0.382 0.239 Analysis Week 16-37 4-35 16-31 I
i NS p > 0.05
- 0.01 < p < 0.05
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001 -
l l f I i EM WW W W m M B5 W m M M M M m a m 3 m
i M M M M - M- M M M M M M M M M M M W I l Table 3.12 (continued) I i f Source- Menhaden Mullet Brown Shrimp ! i I Week *** *** *** i i Year *** *** *** - j ! Week
- Year *** *** ***
Day / Night *** *** *** I u r I
$ Week
- D/N *** ** ***
. f i
I Year
- D/N *** N3 ***
, Iog 1.407 1.240 1.506 , l Std. Dev. 0.326 0.314 0.303 ; i Analysis Week 26-36 16-30 24-38
!.4 ,
NS p > 0.05 41 i
- 0.01 < p < 0.05 t
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001 i t
~
i _
Table 3.13 Results of analysis of variance for entrainment. September 1974 to August 1982 (Log 10 [ density + 10] - summer species only) Source Anchovies Scatrout Gobionellus spp. Week *** *** *** i Year *** *** *** i Week
- Year *** *** ***
Day / Night *** *** *** y E e Week
- D/N *** *** ***
Year
- D/N *** *** *** !
i s Log 2.356 1.279 1.173 j Std. Dev. 0.338 0.288 0.247 l Analysis Week 17-44 20-42 10-50 e NS p > 0.05 !
- 0.01 < p < 0.05 l
( -
** 0.001 < p < 0.01
*** p < 0.001 ~ ;
I
M M M M M M M M M m M M M M M M M M M t Table 3.13 (continued) ! t Source Cobiosoma spp. Pink & White Shrimp Total Fish Week *** *** *** ! i Year *** *** *** i l l Week
- Year *** *** *** f I l
- Day / Night *** *** ***
3 i 4 ! j Y n Week
- D/N *** *** *** i M l 4
i ! Year
- D/N *** *** ***
I i 1 i i Log ! Std. Dev. 2.177 I.899 2.586 Analysis Week 19-44 23-39 1-52 t I i
- NS p > 0.05 [
- '
- 0.01 < p < 0.05 i ** 0.001 < p < 0.01 i'
*** p < 0.001 i ! I l
i t i i 4 I
i Table 3.14 Entrainment trend analysis. September 1974 to August 1982 Deviation from I Change Species Linear Trend Linear Trend Error Per lear Total Fish 0.05503** 0.000257 NS 0.00252 +4.26 l Spot 0.12352** 0.01543** 0.00426 +6.44 l l Croaker 0.04209** 0.05478
- 0.00553 +3.71 l l
Flounder 0.01886** 0.00881** 0.00184 +2.47 Menhaden 0.00349"3 0.022130 NS 0.01068 +1.05 Mullet 0.06343** 0.00091 NS 0.00529 +4.53 Brown Shrimp 0.00813 NS 0.031'0* 0.01058 -1.59 Pink & White Shrimp 0.06732** 0.06011** 0.00917 44.72 Anchovies 0.00130NS 0.03644** 0.00700 +0.64 Seatrout 0.02113** 0.01770** 0.00239 -2.55 Cobionellus spp. 0.01108** 0.00445** 0.00071 +1.89 Cobiosoma spo. 0.12676** O.03999** 0.00859 +6.53 Significance Level - 0.05 Signif 2enace level - 0.01 US Not Significant I
l . l I I . I =p : =< N
]j q M
y l 3, 5
/
$ $'/
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r; # n-- 7
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; i,
- j i u s 0 a =
+ 5 i
f a .s ; i "
1 3 f y' 6 1 . , a i-- a f k f q~. 3 L I- 3 b [ c' = :,
..L 4 l -wpy .sM;~ ,) @
,, sd:3. 4 I .
T
\
, /'
~
I I I I I >-49
, - m.._ _. .
,___m I
I I 3 t 's .. n, 8
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)" 7;
.g 3
t l
- - d 5 W A S i
v%
'h.
e a 3 0#.b 5
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- 3 I
., e --5 x 3 o E
;~
D $ $ p v.,to,hE9
/- /
'>4%, g
~ e
> T -
? g hi o
sa a g
, Y ,- n' ,
s.% t o N l t W l o'oM, 0 L s.S g l Y.
, d_ 9 g.
l E35 l l
!d I l
I I 3-50 l E
m k -.._aaa___=A--____w.a___r _._mA A-, _ _ _ _
- _m-. _ -_ - _
I I I l _. e e g -- s d
,s
' s#. , .. h l _
sa o# e d
; p:- e
~~
d 0 p.' E .
'< 4,C. l
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o./ c I Ya + w
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n $ i
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a" ?
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d" i d y
'E l l l l k E e5 !! g a g I
I g 3 31
I 10006-I 1982 U. surface 1000 - *
/\ =
100 - M E A 10 - ,N N D0 L-w-M = =-#-*-d #
%w = =
C ij gggg , 1977 1981 I Y 100 - A N' s N
\
g 10 - / g 0 y - M -y- , ,,,_
, , , , yygy fa.P OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK E Figure 3.4 lliver larval fish surface / bottom mean density for spot,1982 vs.19771981 3 r.verar,c.
10000- 1982 0. surf ace I X a . tettom f g
\
1000 - P <**H-M-4
& < >\
100 - x' 4 J 2--O - w E c>- g \ A 10 - %
\
N g D0 - M 'W x E N 1977 1981 g S 1000 - g
/ X # %
y'M X' Y $ Y 100 -
/
[\ / -
/
\
%. E to - 4 '
0 ', , , ,
'*-, a-a-a, SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEU MAR APR MAY JU;< VUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.5 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for croaker,1982 vs.
1977 1981 average. 3-52 5
I I t0000 / I 1000 - 1982 D. surf ace x . bottom I M C 100 - A 10 - D0 - * - - m* - - - -- - - s _ _ _ _ X/ %. at - ___
- - - - , , W E
l N S 1000 - I T 1977 1981 Y 100 - I 10 - x I g . g e
,, =, =__e--= _
,---v, ,
~#
SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB HAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG X-H % ;_ L
, , . , , we --T --= = . = r WEEK Figure 3,6 River larval nsh surface / bottom mean density for mullet,1982 vs, 1977 1981 average.
10000-I 1000 - 1982 D turice x bottom 100 - M I 10 - De :: : : :: : 2-W - 't %" ' .; ;: -- - = E I N s t000 - I 1977 1981 T Y 100 - N
\
10 - X s O e-: e -- : = = 5 --e e==m i i i i i , i i i - i i r SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB HAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.7 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for menhaden,1982 vs. I 1977 1981 average. 3-53
E 10000-D. surfere 1962 u . Lettom 1000 - 100 - E s'M, E M % g E A 10 - y 5 A N s D0 Q? ." -: : u-*-- M-w-*- * = = m--* - - E f4 3 gggg , 1977 1981 g I E T Y 100 - gx 10 - e, :, - E a , , . , :- - - . =. =.= =, ,= =, -* , E . SEP OCT NOV DEC VAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Fi.gure 3.8 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for scattout,1982 vs 1977 1981 average. 10000-D. surf ace x . t>ottom l W 1000 - 1982 133 - M x - x, 10 - p D0 r-t-d' "-
- = a E
N 1977 1981 E S 1000 - g I T Y 100 - 10 - i o M M" i i i i . z:i e =i -
==-=
r' r t SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.9 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for flounder,1982 vs. 1977-1981 average. 1 3-54 E
I I 10000- 0 surface x bottom I 1000 - 1982 N \ js
~"' "'X 10 -
D0 - ---- N S 1000 *< 1977 1981 7 " ~
' "^
.U d ,' ~) %
1 Y t00 - I 10 -
's c
X s 7 t " D. ~M- y ,
/
'ld.J I
0 - H n i - i - i . . . ,, . SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY jut! JUL AUG I WEEr, Figure 3.10 River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for shrimp,1982 vs. 1977 1981 average (shaded area = brown shrimp analysis period). D. surf act, . 10000- ** "" 1982 v
#~~ 's 1000 - , %-
I M E 100 - s RW . i t f A 10 - M-4 4 x I N D0
'M gx. x
' W - A-
/
S 1000 - 1977 1981 , a I T - Y 100 - - o - W ,x \ , I 0 - i i i i i i i i i . . . SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG I WEEK River larval fish surface / bottom mean density for anchovies,1982 vs. Fisure 3.11 1977 1981 average, 33s g
I
- i 10000- a bottom I
i 1000 - 's
's H
100 - j\ l s g
\ f i
A 10 - D0 4 -M : M i ; *-e "-=m l 3 C 1000 - 1977 1981 y M* T f ta Y 100 - 4 10 - 0 -
, , , , y , $ y_t y_y .
CCP OCT NOV DEC VAN FCU HAR APR MAY JUfJ JUL AUG WEEK E Figure 3.12 Itiver laivalihh surface / bottom mean dernity for Oobiosoma spp.,1982 vs. g 1977 1981 average. iogge_ o surtace I 1982 x . tettom 1000 - 100 - F ' 10 - N ' x' T < N y D0 3 E S 1000 - 1977 1981 I T Y 100 -
'c -
^ w syf -
0 . i i . - i i i ai i T i i-- i a SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FCD MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.13 River larval fish Surface / bottom naran density for Goblonelius spp.,1982 vs. 1977 1981 average. 3-56 I
I iI
- 0. surf ace x tettom iD030* 1982 E l
#s /
!,h*.,\ %
lg\ j %, 1000 - ,r
- l IW l
\ 4% l
/ 's
\ s. '
I 10 - H E I o DD --- li I H S 2 1977 1981
/h "\
s' I y
,es. -
h i
.s-+
/,\ ,
g 'N ,a, / \/ V too - W, '* -
,^v' I
to I o - I i i - i i i i i , i i i i SEP OCT NOV DEC VAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK I Figure 3.14 R.ver larval fish surface / bottom mean density for total fish,1982 vs. 1977 1981 average. I 3.s7 g
c I D. Area A X. Area B
- 0. Area C g 10B3b p b- Atte D II l l\
l \ tese ,t i t p\ si n
/y t 1
n
' / ! s
/ ,
/\\\
8 D les g , i y ' l g i i > l J\l1
'~
] \ \
p
?, ,
, i .
. , , , , . . , i i CrP OCT HCV DCC JAN M FIS fWL Figure 3,15 Rher innval fish, aren mean densities for croaker.1982, APR MAY JUN JL AUS I
tecos D. Area A X Aret B l g C. Area C 1008 A. Aree D H E A - 5 y, \: 104 -- n .
\s I
? i+ / ,! \
C ====. ] = . Ab9 dP OCT bV kC AN dAH TES hR hR MAY N L kEEK Figure 3,16 River larval fish, area mean densities for spot,1982. I I 3 58 - g
I I I g, c. Area A X. Ates B
- 0. Area C
- o. Ates D to w M
N D l>
,X s I
T f l '
.e A
i
\
I Y f i i N,& M T . , , f' i i i . ser ccT Nay ots e a rts MAR APR MY JUN & AUS Figure 3.17 River laival fish, area mean densities for menhaden.1982. l iN Area A = Area B O. Area C A. Area D 80
- I i A
N N 3 I I
,- y ,
\-
I A w
/
A .
. _ _ .us _ _ _- '%# A
_ : : 1_ _ : I
- F--4--T
~
. i i i e i i e i i 8 8 gtp oc7 Hoy DCC DAN VAN ft3 MAA M'R NAY M R A'd MIX Figure 3.18 River larval fish, area mean densities for mullet,1942.
I I 3-59 ,
A. Area D .I ,- I 5 A D 108-l T f so-
\
\
T ,M T _ 4' b._. _ _ 7 - T i Tm . . . '; T -- T T . { e m e e a a mm a my a a me l l wzx Figure 3.17 River larval fish, crea mean densities for menhaden,1982, twee-C. Area A I g, X Area B C. Area C A. Area D E I : I : '- i IIH
\.
k b
- : :+: : : : _ _'3' P * : ! _ ,,'N _ =
SCP OCT W CC M M FD mat APR MAY AN JA. AUS wzx Figpre 3,18 River larval fish, area mean densities for mullet.1982. 3-59
I I { tue (See- ( E e'A % H A I $ N I g
\ l/
D (26-f 4 E i A \ 8 Y a4 / 1 C. Area A
'.3 I to- X . Area B
\
sf n O . Arts C I a Area D I - > > . .
. Ceb.(!
JW JJt. CEP DCT M DCC JAN JM fu MR APR MAY RG I Figure 3.21 River larval fish, area mean densities for anchovies,1982. I I*b O. Arce A X. Area B
- 0. Area C
- o. Area D H
E x E g r ~ ,. 7 -,~;.g,y q s .. ... b tee-
% y h \ :
[ ]si ' ' g
,,.m
\.. -
. gl n,- ,
/ 'r' , ' lll ::6 ,
/
.: i p
$.p'[ [ . .
/ ~d
' ?EP OCT NUY DEC 4AN JAN FD KMt APR ttAY JM JA Aug m Figure 3.22 River larval fish, area mean densities for' shrimp 1982 (shaded area = brown shrimp analysis period). I . 3-61
I I I 1068 D. Area A X. Area B O. Area C
- a. Ares D I tese-M I :
N D 106-s t I T [ 'N i 10- g
\
\
,e i ? i d -T - T #^ 7 . . . - i ('TJUN dL?M AUS tEP ocT NOV DEC DAN JAN FYS MAR APR MAY wn:
Figure 3,17 River larval fish, area mean densities for menhaden,1982, tuee& C. Area A I gp X. Area B
- 0. Area C
- a. Area D I :
A N I D E N S 186-I I T Y le-
. . a,.... '
+%, A 4 . . ] 't .
I . SEP OCT HUY DCC JAN JAN TES VEEK MAA APR MAY AIN AL AUG Figpre 3,18 River larval fish, area mean densities for mullet,1982, 3_39 g .
I I I ggggp 0. Aree A X. Aree 8
- o. Area C
- 4. Area D I tese M
I N o los-I E s I A E t T f tv \
\
l
. . _ _ _ _ _.nz 4' L. . _ _ _
rTT - T ,
" , , . i T- -Y T .
e c m m & M N MR M MY M A 28 Figure 3,17 River tan al fish, area mean densities for menhaden,1982, 1000e-D. Area A I X. Area H
- 0. Area C
- 4. Area D I a A
N I D E. N 3 lie I I ,-
.f's
> i
- A. = = = =. . _' %. > . ^ > >1 a.
I E . . . . . . E $rf OCT NOV DCC DAN JAN ftB MMt #'R MAY SAN M. AUG m Figure 3,18 River larval fish, area mean densities for mullet,1982. I 3-59 ,
! l O. Aves A I
19094H X. Aree B 3
- 0. Arts C g A. Ates D l#
H c 3 A H g
> 1PD-t as N
s I y k' I D$s l> I *,
! \
NENOV ptc T ,
, , .- 7 -i IM ,
JAtt 4AH FEB MAR MR t%Y .AjN JL AUS CCP OCT w2x ' liigure 3.19 Iliver Ian al thh, area menn densities for flounder,1982.
- a. Area A I
X. Arne B
- o. Ates C g, A. Area D H E i
s N D 184- ,a s E s s l h i 0l \ ' to- l \ s\, 1
'i
' \ \
s K___ ________
--p 7m_7 , t- ,
b, , ,- - , 7__- - 7 , , JJN JJL. AUS ra ocT tcy DEC 4AN JAN FT3 MAA APR MAY WB kTIX Figure 3.2n Iliver larval fhh, area mean densities for sentrout,1982. I I b60 -
I I
. .e.
4.'N, 1989- I H s I s' D 100-$ f 't E 8 I E es
/
i ! O. Ares A Y
- y ' h *= 4\
I l'" g/ y X . Area B O. Area C A. Area D p.
. . . . . - . . .M. . .
AH
. , i st? oCT H0Y CG JN VAN Ft3 KAR mt- MAY dt. AUG I Figure 3.21 illver laival fish, area mean densities far anchovies,1982.
I IN 0. Area A X . Area!! C. Area C
- a. Area D H *
{ . , - ymyy y; ', N :- 4 j \
'N o les. W'p d I
t - 1 , N \ t j l g; - f s' T
^s t ' /, d) p i;2 8 f
1 _ L:- . si ) $ l ~x' ;y . a ; i 4
\
d s f g <N y _- _ $[!' it ' fly 057 MY E $ E b d4 $A dY JbH 1. AG ex Figure 3.22 River larval thh, area mean densities for' shrimp,1982 (shaded area = brown shrimp analysis period). I .
w . .. . . )- ..
.I; , ,m D. Area A g -
X. Area B O. Aru C
- a. Area 0 te
- M '
c 1. 1 h
\, -
\ p 4'
/
te kr y , f i
\\\ 6\ m
' t
' \ i ,
< s W
j ~ ,
.. ) , .
' ~ ~ ~ &, h l
,- , 1 9
dUM JLA. AUE SEP QCT !CV DCC M JM FC FOA PR n4Y wrx Figure 3,13 River larval fish, area mean densities for Goblonellus spp.,1982, - na s 100 4 D. Area A - X . Area B , O. Area C - A. Arer D 10% . M - IN L - D 1 \ E A \
/'N N
\
i / \ *
=-
1 -s4 te ,f ) _ l a t $\ / 8- ,iY
.', h : : : _ f etP CCT NCY DC VM JAN F3 MAR FR t%) dVN JL1. AUS -
wat Figure 3.24 River larvai fish, area mean densities for Gobiosoma spp.,1982. I I L 3-62
. ==
a I D. Area A X. Area B
- 0. Area C I IN
- a. Area D I / s l
\,
I I \
/
l E s ; I l's \ l A 1 g i ! i \
$ I' \
"' J3 4 1l N 1 ; /
' i Y D 12- 4, A N7 " =
i l E N i i fIldi i i l I
-T I'l I
i 10- l'i I I I
.i.i.i.iii i>1 e i + i+i'i>i EM S KC d M 8 PM M MY M d M I m I Figure 3.25 River larval fish, area densities for total fish,1982.
I 3-e> g
. I
. , g i.0-
,/ i
/</
t.5-.
. s ,,,*
e 1.7-
~~~~ ----
"; x"",s ,,, * ,
g 0 . G . l t 1.0- - 3 0 ' D , E E 1.5- ,N E
~
S y I . T 1.4- ' - 1 : y 's ,,a . . . . . . confidence interval 1.3- '
/
/*/' X Predicted trend line observed value g
g 1,2-
. i i i a i e i 77 75 79 Sc 01 82 YEAR Figure 3.26 River larval fish trend a'nalysis for spot. .
2.50-2.25-
/
I
/,,,, x .
an l 2.00- /p L / O l G
',, ' ,d, g 1 1.75- * *,.. - ,',
O : *
/ --
"s# P, p ,
C" E N 1.50-
- l s',,,-
s . s ,, ,,, Z - T 1.25- ,/a Y X / . . . . . . . confidence interval
~
f e! predicted trend line 1.00 5. /,/ X observed value a.75-i . . . i i i i 77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR g' Figure 3.27 River larval fish trend analysis for croaker. g l 3-64 Ij
=,
I
, , ~- _.
I I a.7-
- *
- confidence interval
/ ,/
-I 0.05 ' X
- Predicted trend line observed value e',
I 0 O.Gk 0.4i g
"~~ , * ' '
, "q j I,r
[ q f C f. I I G . . 1 X 0 0.3i . D : # g x I E N S 1 0.2-0.1-X
,",,s-
"~ ' ' ' .
T ' ,,<',,a' I Y . O.D- ,, **,<* I -0.1-
-0.22 i i i i i i e i 77 76 79 60 61 82
.I YEAR Figure 3.28 River larval fish trend analysis for mullet. N '
- 1. 75-j I .
- - confidencc, interval X
predicted trend line observed value 1.50' N. j ' g% L O : ,,,'N-~.'."",,.- I x O : 1 1.25, O :
# g D
I E N S I 1.00-4 __
~'"------
- X I
T Y : 0.75i m.
,,# ,- - X '* s I
o f 0.50' . . . . . ,
\=\ , ,
I 77 78 70 YEAR 80 81 82 Figure 3.29 River larval fish trend analysis for rnenhaden, 3-es g
I I 2.00-
,,s '
I.7G-
%s'N s % -- ,,,,,,,,,,, 7 # /..' E L 5 0 .
1.50h
- O D
E l x l N 1.25- X S . l 3 I - 3 - -- ~ ~ ~~~., Y 1.00-
,,',,, N ,' s.,~
,,/',-
j . . . . . . . confidence intervel
~
. Predicted trend line O.75-" X observed value
' , i s i 77 78 7g gd g ,' 8 YEAR Figure 3,30 River larval fish trend analysis for pink & white shrimp.
I
/s
/
1.25: -
/,*/a X m
~
/ g i 005 / /
s, a : o t
. ,,,,,s...'
g 0 0 . 75 ,; ~~ x D : E
~
X ~
. "~~~~~~~~~~
N
- 0. 50.j x S
Z - / *,,',, ' ~ T : Y !
# ,o*
,/
0.2G- * - - confidence interval
- /,o* pred;cted trend line j / X observed value
,/
/
0.00- i 77 7h 7h gh ,, 8 YEAR Figure 3.31 River larval fish trend analysis for brown shrimp. 3-66 5 E
I I 1*3--
. . . conflu'ence interval predi.,*3d trend line I t.22-X observed value E 1.1- ' . ' ' ' ~ ~ ...' '~ "'<,
g x
- ~ ~ _ . , ~
g . 0 1.0-G : I 1 0 0.9-
~
x D I E 0 . 8-' N S I a.7-x x T : I y 0.0-
's**,,,- '~s.----~~,",%~.'
I 0.5-0.4-i . . ,
-g i i e ,
g 77 - 78 70 80 81 82 YEAR Figure 3.32 River larva: fish trend analysis for sentrout,
. confidence interval t.50-I j
,,A s
NN .,N X predicted trend line observed value t.25-s ,,e* I_ t , O ~ I G X l 1.002 0 : X D I E N S I 0.75-x x T Y : - . 0.50-
- , ,' '.. * ,,, ,wX s s' N .,'
I 0.252 a i . . . ,
%' s 77 78 79 80 F.,1 82 YEAR Figure 3.33 River larval fish trend analysis for flounder.
I 3-67
2.26-b ...' N ~'- ... ,,,,
- 2. 00-f * -- ~ ... 9
L : O G 1 1.75i x 0 : D E j x x X N 1.50: S - I : T j y 1.252
,~~~,,,,,,...-~.,,,.%,"'..
}
,, ' N ,,,
~
t . 00-i e i i . 4 . . 77 78 70 80 81 62 YEAR Figure 3.34 River larval fish trend analysis for Gobiosoma spp., I
#,'X 1.90 ,,,,
l
/,,,
- 0.75-
- ' ',,***, m en 3
- ---- --- ~ ~ .___.
L i x 0 - G - 1 0 0.50i D X E y a,2g 3 ' x ,,---- . . . . _ S I : *,.,, "'. T : y : # ,, ', O.00-' ,,- l ~ i -0 . 2 5-I
~. . . . . i , ,
77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR Figure 3.35 River larval fish trend analysis for Gobionellus spp., l 3-68 as
I I 3.50, I
. confidence interval f 3.252 *%5- X predicted trend line observed value f*,
/
, p I % ,,. /
3.00- -------- L
- o I G I
0 2.76-K D I E N S 2.50-I . I T Y 2.25-K 2.00- - 's s
/,
/ %.,\
1.76-I i 77 i i 75 79 i YEAR 60 i 81 i 62 i i Figure 3.36 River larval fish trend analysis for anchovies. 3.l-I . 3 . 0-- X
- confidence interval predicted trend line ,,<'
observed value
/ *,,
I' L 2.9-x
<',p,,"
o 2.8- * **"". G ----~~ - l . 0 2.7- x x I D : C 2.6-N : S - x I 2. 5-l / I l ? 2.4k x , ( \ 2.3-
. /. '/***,
1
,p/
9 2.2- /_ l i i i i i , l 8 i i ! W 77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR Figure 3.37 River larval fish trend analysis for total fish. 3-69 I
I1 l STAT 10N=23 10.0-k W o.s2 \
\A T
E 0.8 *--k-..
.. % ~~'Z
= ;,Qfd -
l
- 9. ~~ %
E
. NX E I :.
N Q.h C $ Q.3-l G.2- , , , , , , 03 e6 67 00 11 08 DEPTH FG, DAY *-N-M MAR, DAY W ENDS RNDPM e-e-e Fe , N2SMT + -+- + M A R, NIGHT STAT 10N=34 t e . 6-J l
- +
E E 10.8
/ ; _
~
.- -e y
l i l3 T 9.5 i /'s _m_
~m --
U R E M i I N 9.0J 3 c - ~~~^" **
&-._,,,,, ,,,,, .+ . ,, , , , ,
8.52 , , , , , et C3 05 07 09 11 DCPTH LEGEND RNDPER 6- M FG, D AY
- M MAR. DAY e-e-a F2, HIGHT + -+- + N AR , NIGHT Figure 3.38 Discrete depth sampling temperature profiles,1982.
3 70 E
I I l STA110N=2.5 I 27-
- .x -
2$ / ~~,. W, Y l e R1= i ~
/ ,. . ,,/
/- /
I y Tt Y
/ ,**'
ls I ; 1 7 12-i~
/
- /
I- e i i i i a 03 06 97 09 11 01 DEPTH LEGD4D e RPCPTR +-+-+ Ft35, DAY W MAR, DAY a-e-* rt3, NIGHT +-+ + MAR, N11l;HT STAT 10N=34 y
/
p..+ 3 :
- s Z
se N ; l ?i
,h
/
- /
s: P .4 1 7 I o=c et 03 c i r.- e5 27 09 11 i I DEPTH 4- M FES, DAY ++-+4-+4 MAR, D AY LEGO:De KNDPER + -+- + NAR , NIGHT e-e-e FTS, tCGHT I Figure 3.39 Discrete depth sampling salinity profiles,1982, I 3-71 g
I I SPECES=SANCHW( STAT 10N=25 i I H 2.0 E
- A 3 h
1.5 3 7 ,, h G b f p
! ~*'- ,' . ! / / - 5 o
E 3 1.0i 2 g [ f
/
/
'/ e (s\ / %g \ g 8 5]l3 g[ j/'
N i Y x 0.0 - r . i s i i el C3 CE 07 00 11 DN 1.C:04D s RNDPER FCS, DAY W MAR, DAY s-e-e FEB, N!SMT * -+- + MAR, NI:D4T SPECG-BANOCff STAT 10N=34 1.50- g
. g p A.'-
g 1.2s- - A '. / s N . ,# %,* 1.00-a / s I,, - j ' y f k ', I D.75- - M
,s ,/ f ,
l D . / <
/
/ / E E 0.50- / /
y : / _ 7' a
/
r : / T 3.25 j' / N y/ \
/ 4 0.0 /
01 C3 0 0 C9 11
!.EGOQ : RrCPER FEB, DAY *-*-+t MAR, DAY g e-e-e FES, NIGHT + -+- + MA R , NIGHT
! Figure 3.40 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, bay anchovy,1982. I 3-72 g l
M M M M - M M M M M M M M M M M SPECIES = CROAKER STATION =25 ROUND=FEB 20-21 ii.s. - tilGil 4 ::u ' ; G. p'
' . r. z ,
P.
^ '
- 'W tn D'
U MID W E fx.t iyA N-I~~ . s e#
';.y :
~'#
... j
^
N
^
.. '[$$ ?'
iOW N .. 5:'?O +
' ~
/ %n ~
, p. , .
LS. -- ~ t0000 - DAY ;
.%$.N < : .
$NiditTM.,
w-;.7.w ow h.
]d s
[ j '),;_ x v .g [h'.; - ,
.; [., 4 , , , ,
g[ rwe;j.c. f;g g , 7 . . ,. y _ , g4
~
.l k ,. 4f ; ~ . ,' ~
.e s . .f-l 2
^ 000 - # N' '
d j b N hb
\ 's b{.M.-jN e i <n 00 -
\ ll l
// l D.
g7 ;I c d. 'N'<
.)h ^-"
w w+ s ( ;$:: s - q;:-; vg4.a: f ;1/ (4efe'. , gN 4 ta) zus N - sf re:@t a.M, m M< . . ., s
~ < J D < a ;g; ';- N. ,7/ > Y',
o N i:'; f:, ?,j'yy-?)Q,.
, :m 's -W.,g...:
. [ :;.
.g-3 fy < g , ,,: x
+
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g+7 ^:A
\ : : .. . < ~ ;. g.
'-
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10 - / :
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,: ~,
/ I l IY. -
,. + ;.g.d . M d
- fp, v:% ' , h;- ., . ., M lt / \ g Q vg ':: ;;
ga? ? ~ n:-.
\ f g l
- 9. - .
r W: '
}l }
b_ : :. c. .
,. ,- }r O_ Il
_u, n,~n .A. , F :~
^
- a. .. .. n . . .
,.......c
; :l::
~
.. . .- ; ? -/ _ . _ _ ;;)
grvirri tti g tvi s t ni r g e ti n e n ri t si rrt s n yt a n e rvit yrrni t rrrg i t18 : s t r i } r s t r t t i t t { s t t t t e n ti g ri s t t e n t'{ t' tit t trit {rittfrt TT-0 10 20 30 40 50 60 76 80 90 100 110 120 SAMPLENO LEGEND: DEPTH : : : 01 -x- M -H 0 3 00-005 4-+-4 07 e-a-tr 09 + - + - + 11 Figure 3.41 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, cmaker,1982 (Slicet I of 5).
a SPECIES = CROAKER STAllON=34 ROUND=FEB 21-22 if.a. v =
# c ; , . e.-v s , p:s 7 # .. ,
<y. ,s ..vi< : .;:A y . ,,
.f' l
- p ' y: we y e; n..
ny', n, lllGli t A,. . .. w . s its e mio r, syg;, pug
. m . wx;q^u:q:
- g. w
- s 4
~
so
.n,,,Ammk.
4 a;
- ..,nw g
. g_ ,.?mw.fq p. y
- Wg;w,m%
- x * ,+g;g
.m^ , =x
- -M 'M '<- '
LOW M", - M
,- .p,a..f?n x -
ka
%r . ;~a,; lg3g p:.,D'<" 1 E c;.3 s g ,:
Cs
- ". ']t
, ,.69' -.1:
%fV dj DAY F$wNg@. t . gr:ympe4 NIGHT&K
- GA .-C, DAY 2 7.n. d j 7_
-..:g; g-3 10000 - A N l dl$hk _$g nys hhs.%q _; ;g ifp%g g..,3 ~ , h h$
/\ x % &
e# j.
. rm~. ..a+ a c, A.-. + 1
< e. . .
~
- , w.4;<.,
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.~ v ,
w;w,.,.- y _g/ ,L. z\ % \ q yg:yM.~n~ weg / 5q y;s 3 & W g im - f ; 3 $g d(;E P 9 6 M l(("* K
// < *dn[
% 5\ %q qw&mpWqtj ;
ff u@g 6 pf ;; i w 4
" y k %)
i I i
/
Mt m '
,,lg$.A,ntVsea.
-q !n- W $e6F a q%
g 1
\ 4 pg ., na- m,. 8.
- x. y w:.s =m m . n.
a., t
,us 199 _ L. ,.
4 . < . s u:e x. w .4 A 1 x we s. v%k;r<. ~pa :mII
.~
w-n
, v .o .g: n , % :-
a w l
- 1 g
- n a
1 1 -; h,.me g:eebb
;sce=%:w c-w Ne.a %,
I +c.~. y >m . i, .M l>en3
- 2. 1>" 2 m ww m ww. w I tt B5 *yk T . h'ff: Q)/* %Q t0 - )%
/s [
1
]' y. :m%w%m e
< x u
3^ Q:y, 4 i 7
} m]
/ lR 3 ? 99ly&
' v;-; 4 4-4
., p?S:.
wpms g .L M
;\~
i i s
\ r I
Ii n#,1yg;..ed,. . m q h* I .,.I.N msi
't ' '
I g:K i @%s Q @ C 'f
.. x h Wj @#w r ~ M~ M - ' 9Q~ -
. . . . ::. . . . . .m. . . . . . . rmpm . . . . . . . m . . ; q . . . . n m i a t i . . . . g i unm ip tim . . . . m . .'. . . . . nm 0- X --x-p ........i m 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 SAMPLENO LEGEND: DEPTH : : :- 0 1 -x-M-M 03 0 0 0 05
-+ + 07 a -tr 09 * *-* 11 Figure 3.41 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, croaker,1982 (Sheet 2 of 5).
N E E E E E M M M . g g g g g g
e e m M ' m m m m m. m mm SPECIES = CROAKER STATION =34 ROUN,D=FEB 28-MAR - 1 it.s. w - - -
~N zw ,
inicii e- w%;:p vm. . sa 1 1 .m,.,' w ,,
; ,s , m. -;. :.m . .,: ,.-g -
9-
%? N:
C 4, + g4 Vli g/M;g
.:s x
, p'm:x gg.- y
- uno m'% - .
H . . . ~ ; . : ., , m , s u. i.ow *TS yyy <
" ~ @d n p;c + '; n.in M : 4;;t,.% -
3 .q;# M W:' .q"s; s - ts*
- DAY UN L-
- NO m9 10000 - ,fk l
h0M WP ' MW:aggv m,;gg,IGHT vfyy - n- y-pf 9 2 4 mz u ge yg;gqlRgp f Yp g -\ j ,A W4 xn.,.:g :M 4gw, rn : ,ea
~,;w %w:ap- uraec
- m -;g m.6 3y .,.% - R - ...- 3y % , y -
,.m#f M'
/ 1,. ,
[ 'n, k % ' l' 1000 - A- - 4 hih?n.54 % 1 (nw 4ygg W 2 j yfyr ; ": B n-
/,'
i \bc i:
/
r=; ,ml2::mg@p%q % z 100 - Y I M . , ' "v - ~ ~ n ~- a w /s/ I f1 A 1 7 .2 %. /:, m ^c- M D ' : -o- ':' g l' g I I t
\ ;,/yfl[n=Q ' -MWW' Wh=m ~ *~"A"
..n
. ./5- s a vr~
's 3;>hg e.;%')
\ .a,.,.' a*, &' W*
^
j l {- -
- M) p -
V n+ s -- -
. cK i . >
/
&'.g. g.~:er~f:@q.f: ~ v N c,wy , %-;
10 - / -j 1
.37s > m-u - : 7 n , ,,f5 gtg_,
,g A'9 f e.
-Q: :'^g ; ',
s -.,,, , , n IIi S.I b.: ,[ J~h ' ['? .An Y jd , I
\ hyw < s,-
s 4e' yA
- e .
g
}
y I f=
? '.
~-
g s
~
' nM, ~m :;.m%qu'
;4 w a]f %
- h ---* D--@AG;;yUN;a, ..f . .3 0- :x
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rminmn trrmm rrymmny2mrrme W W wPn r...........". -
240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 SAMPLENO LEGEND: DEPTH : : : 01 x-M-x 03 0 0 0 05
+ -o- + 0 7 4-a-e 09 + - + -
- 11 Figure 3.41 Discrete depth simpling density profiles, croakes, :982 (Sheet 3 of 5).
SPECIES = CROAKER STAT 10N=25 ROUND=kMR 2-3 n.s. - - m _ ,
= ._ msy a
;g ,y 3
~ , 3n y W
N;~6 W ^ m, " ? tilGH
=t w s..
.c
,. ~ z'
- m.Niv ps :
vy m m" ..m, , O MID gg:; @. ;wif N , ~'. N ' :q l n y -n f _~
- ,q.,. m. '; 3q @x;:n, -
. q;. ./ x t.OW iga '
4: Q '
& ;Q m E
. _1
_.'+ .__-.__..',_'.._,.. u-E ..;. E "E-7A DAY yM'#ng.; R m 3 9;
. w:: u ;g y:x v.. N N' T->4 NIGHT [%MxW.:.e
- -r -
>e s:~M, s :
- w. .
- 4
%t:; .. -
y+ n . m:e r&a@n. (:.,,h-[ [ / g...; i ' ^% " '5 , . . . .-
+ s , 155' h . bW ##
yp, . , :~ o - sg.x -.
- n ~ . a q:e 4
" .y.g[h. [, .'Ti yQ j, -
k fQ,h[ ~ Mh u '%^.
~
g 1000 - + N f
%[4 p_\
{' 3 7 g t% 3 %0% eig'%g g._ g >j [h x 1 e g,. / -
- h. .
E 100 - w 'Xy Y hN~mwm z.w Nat Pi.u~ nfp m h N N,E DN) ., m:::4 a I
\
W9 g;q nw w w 4:q :e- yg, ,amq qn : ,
; \
l l x sg.- ,t y, n
. ~~. s:ee cn e n x. c m g. , ,a:u ..q g s
- c. w a n
-g;r.y I -p .. - >
..,%r: w%. ~? ^ .
~
9;L :- ~ +~ . , R2
~ ,n- .-
,;w. .
f ~ 10 - \ g y ,?p j s5 s f g[/
'.y:n
[ . m hN[ h - _ ~.;[: ;
/ \
j 1 ; .W. ,W lR'- " y 5 , ( g;;;p' .%" -~ j; .g'i;;~'ityy :.9;_ E u i s I I i *g y;ym g}'g v 1 Wy' - 3 m ..e g - Q'~ l \ \l +. . w. z ;5. 7, w.
- h. r::. ' ,:2 s m .
, u ,y
\t 5 s , . , , < - W #* .. g; f \$ s + .9 ~,<
+;u
' .s -s;,
~q ^ < ~n.
x .; . - ;=. >
- f. ?. , . ,x. .
0_ pmv..................................p.............................mmny................................wrr
?m>
360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 SAMPLENO LEGEND: DEPTH : : : 01 -X-M-M 03 e-e-B 05 4 + 07 -A -A -tr 09 ? *
- 11 Figure 3.41 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, croaker,1982 (Sheet 4 of 5).
E M M'. ' W W M K M g g .- 3 g g
SPECE3=CRCAKER 5 AT10N=25 I M
/ % ,- %
....... 1 I N .......
- #,- ,, / ..............
L * ,,# G h / I 1 e 2 W* / D E N
$10 q
4 3
/
/[/
/
I' I
? n '/
I h. 01 33 05 07 og gg DEP'TM I LEGENDe RNDPCR FES, DAY
#-9-9 PE5, N UMT
+e-+e.ee MAR, day
+.4.+ mag, gyggy PECS-CRCAKER STATION =34 E:
A3
- - 7 /'
/l, I
N j7....--*,.**** n. 0 [. /, -
/
g I D 3 .
/
/
/
E
' f S1 ,/
T Y
# ,M'
/
g I N
/
2 es og 21 83 e7 gg DEPTH LEGENDe RNDPER FES, DAY *-*-* MAR, DAY 9-E-e FC, NIC,HT +-+-
- MAR, NIGHT Figure 3.41 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, croaker,1982 (Sheet 5 of 5),
,.rr
4 I I y 1.8-
=
A. .
!'l'j L 'V
" p,e-[~~~ 7tf~N
; d' '
O ,/ / '4
; e.81/ y D
C N S O.0 1
, 7
/
'll D.35 ,!
/
/
0S, l . , , , l et 03 06 07 00 11 W DEFTH Lw,,p RNDPCR 4-e- 4= FED, CAY * -at-M MAR, DAY m Fts, N tHT + -*- + M A R , NI:D1T SPECE-Ft.CUND!3t STATICN=34 3 3 M c 2.23**,,~~~,
; +-----,
- -- . . 43 1.5 , _
i i g 1.0 l [ 5 s N < ,s S 3 / I 0.54 / T 3 / Y ;4 /
/
8.0 4 . . i + i a1 03 2C 07 09 11 LEGENDe RNDPER FEB, DAY *-*-W MAR. DAY e-e- e FEB, NIGHT + -+- + MA1, NIGHT > Figure 3.42 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, flounder,1982, 5 3-78 I ' E
---_ _ _ _ _ ~E
l I
~
I I ,___ _m
- 1. 8-l l
l M 1.5-E :
- 1. 2-{ \ # _
j
/ ,r ~ ^ ~ ,, f,,, yQ' l -
I - D i c/ 3 .s,- t..-, f 0.0- f
\ ,;;
!T 3.3 =
s\ f
. D.&- i i e i i i 81 03 06 07 OC i1 I LIGtND: RNDPER DEPTH
+ = M FE25, DAY e-e-o Ft:5, NI3HT M-* -H MAR, DAY
+ -*- + MAR , NI2HT TEC:ES=WD4HADEN STATION =34 1.50-
. s M 1.25-
's s N % j
's /
M 1.00m
~
s j
/
'e' ~
g ; ---.___3__, y G . t
/
/
1 0.75- f e - /
'l N D l \-
E 0.58-' K \\
? a zs! .
N-0.00- i i i i i i el C3 05 07 09 11 DEPTH LEGENDi R.NDPER FEB. DAY *-*-M MAR, DAY
*-e-e PC., NIGHT +-+- + MAR, NIGHT Figure 3.43 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, menhaden,1982.
3-79
I SPCD=MUL1ZT STATION = 25 1 3A N 0.sj \ E . s N l \g g
- 0. 0-' (
h 8 t l a
\s O- s 3
- 0. 4 :; g
- E 3 \% <%
's N j S
% , se g Y :~ N s %"
N / \
~' y/'
9.04- < , , , , el 23 05 27 09 11 DEPTH LGEND RNDPER PE5, DAY M-M-W MAR, DAY 9-e-9 FID, NIGHT 4 + MAR , NM g SPEC C -MulliT STATON=54 0.0-l 4
. s
. s N 3.6- \
g - s A \ e N . g 0.4-* s L s
\
0 9 l \
\g
's, #'j j e=i ,
;;g;,
I : 's - - -- -H, - 0.1.- *
- f ,' ,
}
/
'r %,- '/s /
0.0~ ~ i i i . . . Of c3 as e7 og it DN LEGFdDe'RNDPER FES, DAY M-M-M NAR, DAY e w FEB, NIGHT 4 *- + NAR, NIGHT Figure 3,44 Discrete depih sampling density profiles, mullet,1982, 3-80 E
I I SPECZ3=P:telsH STATICN=25 I N t . 50-- t.255
\s g -
N 1.00- , , *
+ , / s
' * /y..
/f, I e 1
0 0.70-
/
/
~,
\%
\u (s
s p E 0.50-s
/ * , . . . - - -
- e ,23 , g Y / N I
8. 5 , , i e i
, ei es 25 27 00 li I p oi recpgg +-6--+
DEFTH F ED , DAY a-e.e rts, NIGHT
*6-'*-'4 N AR , DAY
***=+ NAR. HIGHT SPECES-PINFimi STAT 10N=34 1.0-I M '.1. 5 s
I E l s a : 's 1.25 's EN f l !
\
s_______. ,
^s sN "
-I e 1 0.b d /
/ s s
D s " , e # ' E 0. 0-- 7 s, 8
,N /
T D.35 \ / I Y 0.02 Ns m/
/
i ~~ { [ [ /a , e 33 05 e7 09 11 DEPTH t.EGENDi RNDPER FED, DAY *-**-*e M AR , DAY a-e-o FES, NIGHT + -+- + N A R , NIGHT Figure 3.45 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, pinfish,1982. I 3-81 I
I
.-- ,gm-m*my wwm m,nwng,e ..~
e N I nr: : - a* s + , 'm s.. p
. . . , ;,jys T .s ,' fs -
- /. s:1 w:. .
I*' i
- d.
~, :s ..,_
k: ; ' . ' 'i :. - m.
' y ..;'a, s .
e.: . . . ;.n .1 - 4 : - m-p, gys- 5 -' : s- t .; 1 -
, o 2n.
t)
,1 %
' yl,m
~ b<
-m y+g-.,
4): [ !?.n f p) 2 O 7 o c)c py, ; K '< '
+.
4 *:5': s.
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240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 SAMPLENO
- : 0I -x-X-x 03 e-e-e 05 LEGEND: DEPTH 4 + 07 -a -A -tr 09 +-*-+ 11 Figure 3.46 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, spot,1982 (Sheet 3 of 5),
[ M M M WM M M M m m m m m a m m M M M M
m m M M M W m M m m' m M m M M m m
,ts, SPECIES = SPOT STATION =25 ROUND= MAR 2-3 x ,
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?i 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 SAMPLENO LEGENDe DEPTH + : : 0I -x-M-x 03 0 0-0 05 4 --+- + 07 4 A -tr 09 + - - + - -
- 11 Figure 3.46 Discrete deptli sampling density profiles, spot,1982 (Slicci 4 of 5).
I
1 I
. _ _ . _ . . I
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H 26:
/,
+ 'xN
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//
N 1. 0*5 # 8 3 T < Y 3 0.5-3 , el 03 06 07 00 11 DEPTH FEB, DAY W MAR, DAY W WOQ s RNDPCR + -+- + MA R , NM 9-C- A Ft2f, N!EHT T EC2'5- P CT STATION =34 I 4-1 1 g 01 -
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Y j 3 ',/s M i . . . . . 01 23 06 07 CQ l1 DEPTH W LEGENDe RNDPER FEB, DAY M -* MAR, DAY e-e-e FES, NIGHT + - + - + r%R, NISMT Figure 3,46 Discrete depth srmpling density profiles, spot,1982 (Sheet 5 of 5). I 3-86 E a
I' I I SPECC=TUTM. CR0 STATIDN=2,5 I 3,5i [
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- - /
l !f H ____, M ~ '-- ' # 3.0-
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. . i 05 H7 OG 11 01 23 DCPTH LEGENDS R.CPER
- FED, DAY *-*-W MAR. DAY l
l
- l. g N FEB, NIGHT + -+- + M A R , NI&fT Figure 3.47 Discrete depth sampling density profiks, total organisms,1982.
I 3-87
I SPECES-CROAKIR STAT 10N=25 6.0-E H E 4.5-E A 4.0-N - 3.5-L - u 0 3.O-h ... -~~ ' u u fa 2.5-
,/
4 _.4
--+- .,4 l
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,4.
3.5-L -
+
l g
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/ s*/y:.~f x ; 2.s7 ,-t- _% N g D
2.0-
/- N NN E
N l.5-s
,/- E E
S 1.0-I - T O.5- E Y O.0-g i i a i . . i HS Ho NO LO LC LI MI HI TIDE LEGEND RNDPER 4-l-DAY *-*-++ 1 -NIT E G-G-G 2-DAY + + + 2-NITE g
.1 Figure 3.48 Discrete depth sampling density by tide profiles, croaker,1982.
I 3-88 5
I SPECES= SPOT STAT 10N=25 5.0-H 4.5 E - A 4.0-I N - 3.5-L - 0 3.0-2.5- e - g
--/"$ %. /
D 2.s-C - .
~ A =1-: __
g -, _- I E I 1.5-1.N - g
+#
/
I T Y 0.5-3.0-i e i e s i i HS Ho No Lo LS LI MI HI I TIDE LEEDC e RNDPER +-+-+ 1-DAY +t-+-*4 1 -NITE I O-4-0 2-DAY + -+- + 2-NITE SPECES= SPOT STAT 10N=34 5.0-t l l I M E 4.5-i A 4.0- ! N - 3.5-L - 0 3.0-l g .
~~'+'--*"----~e~~~~4 l
1 2.5- " 8 2a A ' ' #, ,
*~
E 1.GgNy ? N f l S 1.0- / I - I T Y 3.5-0.0-
. s s s s 1 , a I HS HO MO La TIDE LS LI MI HI LEGDO: RNDPER +-+-+ l-DAY *- M t-NITE I G-G-B 2-DAY + -+- + 2-NITE Figure 1.49 Discrete depth sampling density by tide profiles, spot,1982.
3-89
I STATION 25 DAY 6 . O-< H 4.5-C A 4.0-N - U. \- 3.5- . .Jr ~ g
- =-- %
L
* * \#.g L .a..b W z ::s s. ,,,V=T/ a_=_ - ._. 4
- M- - p +'7 l g2.s.,
xs xs / , E N
?- . m .
i.s--. 1.0-5/- '%
% ~. ~ ' -W W l
/
s's l ,- g
- a I T 0.5-Y '
0.ON n e , , a i , s HS HO M0 LO LS LI MI HI g TIDE 5 LECENDe DEPTH W 0t M-MW 03 p.-a-o 05 s,
+ -o- + 0 7 4-4
- 09 *-+-* 11 STATION 25 NIGHT F.2d E
, . 6- E M
E -
= 1 4 4 8- .
g ,f, 2Q.%g *---- % a.,g*
~ ~ - -- $*- W--~- Y. &
E 2as t.5-N ~~ He h. N - W S I.0-I -
? a 5- l 0.0- e i i i i i i i HS HO MO LO LS LI HI hI TIDE 4-M-M 03
. . 0 LEGEND: DE.PTH . e,1 me 0-a-0 0,5, g
Figure 3.50 Discrete depth sama'ing den 54v p. #1es, period by tide by depth, croaker,1982 (Sheet i f 2).
- a. .
I STATION 34 ,,Y I 6.0-H 4.G-4.9 A -- ^% s I N L 0 3.0-
- 3. 5 4=-.r.,g-::~5-gt>%p-
" ,,c - - s N
4 /'-
' A ' 'N
# , .h ' ",,-,
' -I 9
f g,g: 9' s %' ,/ 0 D
,., ev % \
f'
,/
/
+\ \
l g [ 1.5 \b
'/
,,,x\ s em
/
g ?
- 8. 5 0.05 ---d
/ 4 e i i < i i . .
HS H0 H0 LO LS LI NI HI I. TIDE LEGENDi DEPTH
' 01 M-M-M 03 0-0-0 05
+ -+- + 0 7 4-4-* 09 *--+-* I i STATION 34 NIGHT W 0-I H C
4.5-3.5 - /
*~
0 3.0 - \\ / .A "f' l l 2.s +- N,K
,/ , ,(,' j'/
/
2.0 Nsg,. G+ ' l l S i s: l.0-h', S I - I T Y 0.5-0.0" i i i i i i i i HS HO MO LO LS LI NI HI TIDE LEGEllD e DEPTH 1 ' + 01 M-M-H 03 0-a--e 05 I + -o- + 0 7 4-6
- 00 & +-* 11 Figure 3.50 ' Discrete depth sampling density profiles, period by tide by depth, croaker,1982 (Sheet 2 of 2).
3 01
i Il
)
STATION 34 I 9
- /\ /
/Na s
\s\
Y
/
/
\ j //
h
's\'h f '\ /
j% -/ s\ j y/ / s, 3
/ /jsx I
\/ //
t
/
i: s,[' 's4es '
// 'N\ g i: N,/ fl si 6* \gl ll
^
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l ' It Y- 'xN \/ / I l U"
~
I I l l I I I I i HS 10 H0 L0 LS LI KI HI a I LEB00r MPili : 4+407 81 H-X 83 44483 0+B05 4- H ll l Figure 3.51 Discrete depth sampling density profiles, tide by depth, croaker,1982. 3-92 g T
I I C. night x
- day 10000-1982 3 4 1000 - l 'q E g [' r i
n l', l \ l\ l ~1,'l\ l3 t l-100 - l'i l'g l 'g[ i ,8 tl t si t a4 I g
, i g h I i 'lj l i
10 - l 0 l ,}' H 1fI [f C ts s os g A 13 I igg N ll 1 1: i D0 e 1975 1081 e
/
y 1000 - M,,/n 5 s,Ns. s
/^
N t
/
n-c' " " " y' hW
,co .
' y=p,s, lgj.r t
'w/'W<"$
to I O ~ i i i i i . . . i i i i r SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG I WEEK Figure 3.32 Entrainment day / night mean density for total fish,1982 vs.19751981 l - I average. I - 2-M
I D. night 30g00 1982 x day 1000 - t00 -
% MMy, #
5 h '4 %/ IN k4 i A 10 - \ l N I gl 1 D0 ~ #E*#..*N###### +H4X X X-=####Mm*** 19751981 S 1006 - BeGe I T Y 100 - M*g,Xf g x xX x4 30 - X g x k \ xw 0 - ..... .
.... i i h*. ...
. . i i i e i i e i SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB HAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.53 Entrainment day / night mean density for spot,1982 vs.19751981 average.
D night x . day 10000- 1982 1000 -
\\ \ E g
I 100 -
% 11 i X \'
10 - l \ Y' '\ D0 P1 l' 't j 'yl \ l\l g, X P X X :.
'j 'bX .##:(n
, X:: ###
l' h 197E1981 S 1000 - I Y 100 - e% x 10 - X 0 -R W.4*e.. W
. . . i i i i i i i i e i SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC VAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.54 Entrainment day / night mean density for croaker,1982 vs.19751981 average.
3-94 l . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - . l(I
- . --- .. = -. .
I I O. night I 10000 1982 x day 1000 - t00 - H I E A 10 - ) fg nu unen= '
'b I Du - H44"'"""" u n k n n . . n . n ets E
N 1975 1981 S 1000 - I I T Y 100 - .g 10 - X l
% NI t 0 -
a
<xx*x' "W .
SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAA APR MAY JUN UUL AUG MCEK Figure 3.55 Entrainment day / night mean density for flounder,1982 vs.19751981 aYerage. I 10000- D. night
"' Y 1000 -
100 - I g C IO ~ g I l\f
#1 I
D0 -:: = = = d 0 w** ::: "+ 9" =*w . d. = = ='h E N 1975 1981 S 1000 - Y 100 - 10 - XM p six x U "W#NS::P;*.4 0 - me ****=;5;= d
- I . i i i i .
SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK
. . . i . i .
Figure 3.56 Entrainment day / night mean density for muuet,1982 vs.19751981 average. I 3-95
I O. night x . doy 10000-1982 = 1000 - M 100 -
*i Is C I s
-- .*********e.wbe*#**** L:I * *****.**e i 1975 1981 l m
8 1000 - I T Y 100 - K E
.fs 3 10 - x' * .
0 . i i i i i i .
,[
k
. . i I
SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.57 Entrainment day / night. ', s ., nsity for menhaden,1982 vs,19751981 average. 10000- c. night 1982 x . day 1000 - t00 - 3* y
' I U E 5K sf A iO -
g\' 7xx**xx i 6 1 5 00
* *\g\i sj"s = .==
i 4 .. =if . E g fj t000 - 1975 1981 100 - xp
,0 . % < s- ,
O - xxN ' i e i i i . . i i i i i i SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB HAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.58 Entrainment day /mght mean density for shrimp,1982 vs.19751981 average, m
I I O. night
*'Y 10000-tena -
100 ~
~
f a xx /'
\' %
I b=-xN% ,, 9g
,'l:
te_LJ i Nf,'y(,r,[! 1g t y J . x I E S 1000 - I 1975 1981 W@b e y tra .4% - . gg . 'xb5g a , , ,
/
'xxx' SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC VAN FED MAR APR MAY VUN JUL AU3 I WEEK Figure 3.59 Entrainment day / night mean density for anchovies,1982 vs.19751981 I average.
C. night 10000-4 x. day 1000 - 100 - I : c'- / y*,v I o0 -
=
_== a...- o. ..- o. 5._:! ' a= e N S 1000 - 1975 1981 l ? Y 100 -
*M*
10 - f 4x O - - - - - - - - - - I , . , . , SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JtN FT.B MAR APR MAY JUN jut. AUG WEEK Figure 3.60 Entrainment day / night mean density for seatrout,1982 vs.19751981 average. I 3-97
l l O . night I
** Y 10000- g 1982 WJ 1000 -
100 - % M A na a
\
$ g~
C 6' o0 E ww*xxxxxuxxxxxx z
* * ** w**
t si d f, ex*x xx4 N S 1000 - 1975 1981 I T Y 100 - l0 - e*** * %%, apaa**so 0 - r- , xdM* %e*' N, , , , ,
*"M* N x xk ww
$EP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FED MAR APR MAY VUN VUL AUG WEEK Figarc 3.61 Ent. ainment day / night mean density for Gebionellus sp.,1982 vs.19751981 average.
O. night t0000- x . day 1982 E 1000 - l ica - d 10 - @ iMf 4
,0 e
'a s..u _ *.. I I
1000 - 1975 1981 iY 100 -
'sk x
10 - 0 u ,
~
. e *- ~ *- --; *. , , , , ,.
g SEP OCT OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG WEEK Figure 3.62 Entrainment day / night mean density for Gobiosoma spp.,1982 vs.19751981 nyerage. E 3-98
I I I 2.3-2.2f x I L 2,t o
,,.. / ,/./S o
=ei I D I.9 X
-~~~~~~~
x - -
"
- p .-- -----
E : I N t.8; T i.7; l ,. Y
+ ,,.*'
,,,, ~~~
Y . . . . . . . confidence in:erval I
,/,, - predicted trend line t.of ,,* *'x X observed value l.G-
#*/,
I i i . . . . . i i i 75 70 77 78 79 80 el 82 YEAR Figure 3.63 Entrainment linear trend analysis for spot September 1974 to August 1982. I . I 2.2$. X
- k./',,7 i W ',,-
I L o 2.Di g X
~
I i
~
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'~
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<** / .,. . . . . . . confidence interval y
j f,p. predicted trend line
- X oburved value I t.2:
i 75 e 70 i 77 i 78 i 70 80 i 01 i 82 i i I YEAR Figure 3.64 Entrainment linear trend analysis for croaker, September 1974 to August 1982. I 3-99
. . . . . . . confidence interial predicted trend line X r.bserved value 1.7 .
- x I m
1.e. ... s .
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- %.N..,N 1.1-
; .s.s , l
. ' .., g 1.oh . , , , , i i i . . W 76 7e 77 78 70 89 61 82 YEAR Figure 3.65 Entrainment linear trend analysis for scatrout, Septe nber 1974 to =
August 1982. E. g [ ,. . i .d x l / ** l E 1.3i. __ L 3: x E D ~ X 0 X 1 1.2 8
- p h
/* .
, s -- --*- - - - .
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Y
- 1. 0~; *, / *,,
. . . . . . . confident $ interval I pradicted trend line l 3 X observed value W 0.
7s 7e 77 7k 7h so et e2 YEAR Figure 3.66 Entrainment linear trend analysis for flounder, September 1974 t E August 1982. g I 3-100 E
I I 1.S-
/-
g .1 ,<'/ o h G x,s / ,s* s ' ,,s* I 1 e
- 1. : 3 :l ,
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', x x ,.*j.,5(. . . . . . . . c,..;!!aence inter vel I e',
y gg predicted trene. 'ine I 1. :l .]: f*
*f X observed value I
1.0: ' , , , i i i i T 7g ;g 77 78 7C 88 8t IE YU'1 I Figuie 3.67 Entralament linear trend analysis for mullet, September 1974 to Augast 1982. I 1.7--
/./,, "'
I 1. h, y% , s *" I g 1.5. - 0 : X - G . I 0 D 1 1.4-5 X l %I s 1 T 1.2-3".
/ *. . . . '
', x * ,%-
Y '. #
. . . . . . . confidence interval
; - predicted trend line t . ) .- X observed value 1 . 0.' , , , , , , , . . i 75 70 77 78 70 80 el 62 I YEAR Figurt 3.68 Entrainment linear trend analysis n'or menhaden, September 1974 to August 1982.
I 3-101
I I 2.25 j ,,* 1
- /*/'
% % _ # *, x 3 2.00j X X x , g L f O :
1.75 2 0 : 7 x E : N S 1.5Df / ,,, / ',* I : T : f *",,*"", x E Y 1.25 :: . . . . . . confidence interval g
- predicted trend line
! X observed valut i.00i '
s i i "T"""-- i e i i i 4 76 70 77 78 7d 80 61 82 YEAR g Figure 3.69 Entrainment linear trend analysis for pink and w hite shrimp, September 1974 to August 1982. I
- 1. SH . . . . . . - confidence interval 3 predicted trend line
~.,% X observed value g
1.8- N,.s, g l W
. N. / '~~, -
N
*f. 3 l.7-" .
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**. 7 w s N s'\,'~,.~~s, i .k .
. x 1
f.2- i i i . 4 i i i i i 76 70 77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR l ! Figure 3. 70 Entrainment linear trend analysis for brown shrimp. September 1974 to August 1982. l I 3-102 g E
I I
- 2. ek.
- p/ *
- s'....*x I
2.4f , , , *
- g' , .
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; ,/
l.0-j X j /, . . . . . . . confidence interval predicted trend line I- 1.0:
*** f ** X observed value I
75 70 77 78 79 80 S1 62 YEAR Figure 3.71 Entrainment linear trend analysis for Gobiosoma spp., September 1974 to I t.4. August 1982, I .
, / ./
s,/ X l 1.3- '.." X L O
" s *'s #
G l .- . . 0 x 1.2-D ; X l E - x N . j g I - x L ~~~x p - +-- _. 1 T
. *, e.s I
Y 1.1-p **..* , . . . . . . . confidence interval
; ',,#', predicted trend line I
. X observed value I
t.02 . _ _ 75 7e 77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR Figure 3.72 Entrainment linear trend analysis for Gobionellus spp., September 1974 to August 1982. I 3- m
. . . . . . . confidence interva',
predicted trend line X observed value 2.7-s ,, ss 2.e1 ,
%.** ~ .s.'
x 2.5-L : 0 . 0 - 1 2.4- x ._ e ; o . E E N 2.3- ' X g s x 2 . T 2.2-Y : ,. *I ^%,,N x s
~
/ ' ~ / ,
2.1. N .. s
../',,-
2.0 , . . . . . . . . . 76 70 77 78 70 60 61 82 up YEAR I ignre 3.73 Entrainment linear trend analysis for anchovies, September 1974 to August 1982. 2.e- ." 1 ,.*.'".
- x
- 2. 7 :. *s, '
L 1 4
/'. -
O
- ie a.a: -
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*]4 3 X observed value 2.32 i . . . . . . . .
75 70 77 78 79 80 81 82 YEAR Figure 3.74 Entrainment linear trend analysis for total fish. Septnnber 1974 to August 1982. I 3-104 l
aus una sua mun sus sua muu um amt e amm uma e men TABLE 4 1 TOT AL f 4TCH Af40 PEMCENI TOTAL OF ORG K m * +LE'IED IN HIGH Han5H STUDT, 1982. TRawt5 SEIME5 ROTENONt CASYATIDAE STINorrAYS DASYAil5 SAalNA ATLAwilC ST." WAY ! 9.00 0 0 00 0 0.00 MVL IOfl A T ID AE EAGLE NAYS RHINOPTERP DONA 5HS COWNOSE RAY 2 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 LfPISOSTEIDAE GARS LEPISOSTEUS 055EUS LONbHOSE GA4 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 EtnPIDAE TARFONS ELOPS SAUstus LADYFISH li 4.0? 11 0.05 0 0.00 ELOPS SAUHUstLEPTOCEPHALUS) LADYFISH(LEPIOCEPHALUS$ 44 .05 1 0.00 6 0.03 ANGUaLLIDAE FRESHwATEst EELS ANGUILLA NOSTRATA AMFRICAN EEL 18 0.02 1 0.00 4 0.02 i OPHICHlHIDAE $NARE El($ I MYWUPHl5 PUNCTATUS SPECKLEO hf0RN EEL 2 0.00 0 0.'O I 0.01 HYuGPHIS PUNCTATUS(LEPTOCEPHAL l
$PECRLED bORM LEL tLEPIO.8 50 0.06 0 0.00 0 0.00 CLUPE*0AE HERMINGS 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 9.00 ALOSA AC5flVAll5 BLULHACM HEMWING i 0.90 2 G.01 0 0.00 ;
nwtwo02ilA T Y R AtlNUS ATLANTIC HENHADfN 80.659 12.52 2 117 9.8 ts te rs 4.e5 t DOHO50MA CEPIntANUM bil2APD SHAD B.530 10.02 1 680 T.84 1 0.01 popO50MA PETEbENSE THDE ADF IN SHAD 3 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 l ENowAULloAE ANCHovlES t [ AhCHCA SP. ANCHowV UNID.fANCHOAD 10 0.01 0 0.00 0 0.00 l o ANCHOA HEP %FTUS STRIPED ANCHOVY 27 0.03 8 0.04 0 0.00 ANCHOA MITCHILLI UAV ANCH0vY 15 004 17.63 T65 3.57 167 0.93 5)NODONilDAL LI / AHDF I5M S SYNoDUS F0ETENS IN5HORE LIZARDFISH 29 0.03 3 0.01 0 0.00 CYPRINIDAE CARPS AND MINNOh$ CYFWINUS CARPIO COMMON CARP 1 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 ICIALUnipAE BU(LHEAO CATF15HE.5 ICIALUR95 CATUS WHITE CaiF15H 154 0.In 0 0.00 0 0.00 ICIALUPUS PUNCTATUS CHaNNFL CATFISH 2 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 HAIRACHCIDEDAE f o ADF 15HE S OPSANUS TAU OYSIFR 10 api 15H 5 0.01 1 0.00 .9 0.02 Gou l E 50CID A E CLINGFISHE5 60915.504 STRUxoSUS SAILLETFISH 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.01 GADIDAE CubF15HEL
- 0.90 0 0.00 0 0.00 UNDPHYCIS FLORIDANA SOUTHE NN HAML 2 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 U40PHYC15 ulGIA SPOTTED HARL 13 0.02 1 0.00 0 0.00 OPHIDilDAE CUSM-EELS OPHIDlbN mEtSHE ChiS!EO CUSM-EEL 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 0.01 UtLONIDAE NEEDLES 15HES SikONGYLONA MAMINA AILANilC NEEDtEFISH 0 0.00 A 0.02 0 0.00 CYPH INtm' 10 AL R it LI F l5HE 5 i CYPulN000N vanIE G A TUS SHEEPSHE AD MINT 404 1 0.00 7 0.03 0 0.ee FUNDULUS HE T E p0CL l tUS Mtn+MICHoG 352 0.41 3.n25 1T.R5 8 547 4T.45 FUNOutuS LUCIAE SPOTFIN KILLIFl5H 0 0.00 0 0.00 4 0.02 i
h
I AHLE 4.1 ( CDN T IM.7EDI . IRawt5 SE INI S NO T E ttONt SPECIES SCIENilFIC NAME SPECIES COMMON NAME CATCH s CATCH 1 CAICH % FUNDULUS MAJAlls SiplPED MILLIFISH 17 0.02 49 0.23 20h 1.14 LuCANIA parva RAIHW Af te klLLIF I5" 0 0.00 1 0.00 0 0.00 POtCIt.IIDAE LivtBEADERS MO50VITOF15H 15 0.02 5 4.02 2 0.01 GAMHUSIA AF F INIS 0 SILVERSIDES e 0.01 6 0.03 0.00 ATHERINIDAE MENIDIA UERYLLINA INLANO SILVLH5IDE 11 0.01 37 0.17 6 0.04 MENIDIA MtNIDIA ATLANitC SILVER 51DE 264 0.34 1 327 6.19 278 1.54 SYNGN 41HID Af PIPEFISHES SYNGNATHUS Ftf5CUS NURTHENN PIPEF1564 2 0.00 3 0.01 14 0.09 SYN 6NATHUS LOUISIANAT CHAIN PIPI F ISH 7 0.01 1 0.00 5 0.03 PERCsCHTHYIDAE T EMPE Rt TE It ASSES MORonE SAAAi!L15 STRIPEG BASS 23 0.03 0 0.00 0 0.00 CE N T R AWCH ID Al~ SUNFISHf5 SUNFISH tP4tD.tLLPOMI53 4 0.00 0 0.c? O 0.00 (EPOMIS SP. J 0.00 EEPOMIS GlPHU5US PUMPMINSItD 25 0.03 0 e.00 LEPOMIS MACHOCHIRUS HLUEGILL 6 0.01 0 0.00 0 0.00 HEDEAR SUNFISH 6 0.01 0 0.00 0 0.00 LEt*0Mi$ MICROLOPHUS POMO:15 ANNt% art 5 WHl if' CRmPPIE I 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 POMonts NIGMOMACULATUS t!L ACM C$t APPIE 57 0.0F 0 0.00 0 0.00 3 PERCIDAL PEuCHe5 YELLOW PERCH 2 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00
- PERCA FL AVESCENS
$ POMATOMIDAE RLUEFISHES BLUEFISH 5 0.08 1 0.00 0 0.00 POMATOMUS SALTainl2 CAkANGIDAE JACMS CAMANN HIPPOS CLEVAL.LE JACM 26 0.03 68 0.2M 0 0.00 SILENE VGMER LOORD0dN 3 0.00 0 3.00 0 0.G1 PERMIT 0 0.00 4 0.02 0 0.00 THACHINOTUS FALCAIUS SNAPPENS l LUiJANIDaC LoTJAt.US GRISEUS GGAY SNAPPLR 9 0.01 9 0.04 25 0.14 GERWE!DAE MOJARRAS 31 0.04 to 0.05 5 0.03 OIAPi[ PUS Atm ATUS IRISH POMPANO 13 0.02 1 0.50 0 0.00 f uCIHosiOM% SP. MOJARRA UNID.8EUCIN0510W53 47 9.a% 13 0.0% 4 0.02
*MCIN05foMUS AMblNTEU5 SP01 FIN MOJARRA 216 0.25 226 4.05 20 0.Il
- ,AlHULIDAE GRUNTS PIGFISH 55 0.06 6 0.9) 0 0.00 ouTHOPHISTIS CHRYSOPILHA SPAklDAE PORr,t t s A4CH05Ap6U5 PROHA10CEPHAltt5 SHEEP 5 HEAD I 0.00 0 0.00 0 0.00 PINF I SH 459 0.54 127 0.5T 65 0.36 L AGo00N MHONH0lt/E5 5CIAE%IDAC OpuMS HAIRDILLL A CHRYSOUR A SIL.(R PENCH 198 0.22 16 0.0F 2 0.01 SPoliED SEATROUT e 0.00
- 9.02 i S.08 CYN05C10N NFnULOSUS hEARFISH T 0.01 3 3.00 0 0.00 CYN05CION RE GAtl5 IE10510MUS BANTHURUS SPOT 38 358 45.09 F.499 34.99 5 846 29.56 MICROPOGONI AS UNDULAltr$ ATLAMilt CNOAmla 5 691 6.69 159 0.74 278 1.5*
Por.ONlks CROMIS 8LACM J DRUM 13 0.02 0 0.00 2 0.01 55 m m m m m m m m m g
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m W W m m~m M M M M Table %.2 Results of analysis of variance and Duncan's ::ultiple raoge test indicating statistical differences between creeks Iog10 (CPUE + 1) for high marsh 1982. Trics Species Cear Creek Log S2 Analyzed Total organisms Trawl *** 1.936 0.374 1-17 WMAB Seine NS 2.137 0.292 1-17 Menhaden Trawl *** 0.662 0.560 2-10 3 WAMB
~
t Bay anchovy Trawl ** 0.586 0.472 2-17 , MBWA Mummichog Seine ** 0.649 0.618 3-15 WBM NS Not significant - p > .05 B - BaldScad Creek
* .01 < p < .05 W - Walden Creek
** .001 < p < .01 h = Mott's Bay
*** p < .001 A = Allirstor Creek l
I f
Table 4.2 (continued) i
' rips Species Gear Creek Log S2 Analyzed Atlantic silverside Seine *** 0.498 0.225 2-17 i B_ % M us t
Spot Trawl *** 1.036 0.506 1-17 WMBA r i Croaker Trawl *** 0.306 0.177 1-17 e, M A W B_ U Striped mullet Seine
- 0.394 0.250 1-17 WBM White mllet Seine
- 1.12 0.526 7-14 >
t W B _M i NS Not significant - p > .05 B - Baldhead Creek
* .01 < p < .05 W = Walden Creek 1
** .001 < p < .01 M - Mott's Bay
*** p < .001 - A = Allit ator Creek i
EM M M M M N M M M M m m m m m ;
i M M M M ' M M M M M M M M M M Table 4.2 (continued) Trips Gear Creek Log 52 Analyzed Species Trawl *** 0.317 0.158 I-9 Flounder _A _M W B Trawl *** 0.738 0.359 7-12 Brown shrimp WMB_A 1 Trawl *** 0.367 0.136 6-17 l Pink shrimp 7 - M '4 B A m e t
*** 0.377 0.231 7-16 White shrimp Trawl WMBA
*** O.601 0.207 1-17 Blue crab Trawl WAMB Not significant - p > .05 B - Baldhead Creek NS
* .01 < o < .05 W = Walden Creek M - Mot t 's Bay
** .001 < p < .01 Alligator Creek
*** p ' .001 ~ A =
Table 4.3 Salinity, temperature, and substrate organic preferences for selected species in high marsh study. Species Salinity (ppt) Temperature (*C) Organics (I) 0-10 11-20 21-30 3-13 14-24 25-34 <i-11 12-22 23-34 Atlantic menhaden *** ** * * *** ** *** **
- Bay anchovy ** * *** * ** *** *** **
- Mummichog *** ** * * ** *** *** *
- Atlantic silverside * ** *** * ** *** *** *
- Spot *** ** * ** *** * ** ***
- 7 Atlantic croaker *** ** * ** *** * *** **
- U Striped rullet *** ** * * * *** *** *
- White mullet ** * *** * ** *** *** *
- Flounder *** * * ** *** * ** ***
- Brown ehrimp *** ** * * ** *** *** **
- Pink shrimp ** *** * * *** ** *** **
- White shrimp *** * ** * ** *** *** **
- Blue crabs *** ** = * *** ** ** *** *
*** - Most abundant
** = Ik>derately abundant
* - Least abundant
m M M M M M M M M M M Table 4.4 Spring standing crop estimates for high marsh 1982. Valden Creek Baldhead Creek Mott 's Bay No/m 2 2 2 Species No/m No/ Hectare No/m No/ Hectare No/ Hectare Total organisms 9.24 89643.36 12.80 127998.14 1.87 19142.50
&nhaden O.13 1266.87 0.95 9358.56 0.36 3705.00 Bay anchovy 0.13 935.07 0.57 5681.00 1.16 11886.88 Mummichog 0.11 1023.30 10.69 105757.17 0.00 0.00 Atlantic silverside 0.01 52.93 0.00 0.00 0.01 61.75 Spot 6.80 65931.36 i.29 12747.94 1.16 11856.00 Croaker 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 1080.62 Striped mullet 0.32 3087.50 0.59 5804.50 0.09 895.38 0
m White mullet 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Flounder 0.07 723.36 0.01 54.88 0.04 370.50 Salinity Salinity Salinity Upstream 4.0 20.0 5.0 Downstream 11.0 26.0 Temperature Temperature Temperature Upstream 13.8 11.0 15.8 Downstream 15.0 12.0 Percent Organics Percent Organics Percent Organics Upstream 1.5 0.9 2.8 Downstream 2.8 11.9
I ljlIIl _ e r 5 0 5 8 0 5 0 5 5 0 7 0 2 8 0 7 0 2 7 0 a 3 5 0 s t 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 y a H c e 6 9 7 2 3 4 1 6 9 8 6 6 4 1 y e r i c n a B / u g t s b F i 0 t a 0 r 8 n O r i 2 9 2 t l 1 e 1 t t p n o a m M S e e T c 2 6 0 4 01 0 1 6 2 1 0 r e
/
N m o 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 P e 4 0 0 8 8 3 01 8 7 6 r 9 0 0 3 7 0 6 2 0 a . s k t 4 0 5 1 6 8 5 3 7 6 e c 5 3 1 4 4 3 9 2 9 c i e e 7 2 8 7 2 2 8 7 e n r H 2 1 9 3 1 1 1 y r a C / 3 t u g o t r 9 9 2 d h a e N i i l n 0 0 ar 3 5 2 2 e p 5 8 4 5 1 1 O t 0 1 1 8 d a m n 9 l S e e 1 a T c B 2 1 0 2 . 9 3 3 2 19 7 1 r h m 3 0 1 9 3 1 1 0 0 e s / . . P r o 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i N a h g i h e 4 0 0 3 0 4 4 3 0 4 r r 1 0 0 4 0 4 6 9 0 6 f o s k e t a c e 4 0 5 0 0 4 0 2 7 4 5 0 71 6 1 0 0 1 e s i c _ e e H 8 1 4 r n t r / y u a g a C o t t r m N i 0 0 a 5 0 5 8 i n n r O e i 1 3 5 t l 4 1 e 1 1 t 1 2 s d a p n e l S m e a e c p W T o r c 2
/
m 3 0 0 2 0 8 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 P r e _ o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 g N n i l n a t s e l l F a s d i s r m e t s v e i l l t 5 n a g y vo g i s l ul n l e m a m a m e m a _ r n h o c u r m e m e a r a r 4 s o e c h i n c r d e e m e d a r e t e t e t e d t p e n r s r s r s l b e a i c e p l t a h a a i n n y m l o e a u m a t t k a i o o r i o p r t h t l u t s p o w n t s p o w n t s p o w n T S T M B H A S C S W F U D U D U D
' l ,l fl lill, ll-
+ = BALDHEAD
- 5 : E'#i 0
- ALLIGATOR
~
seinn [ k/ 'X x-
~
1000- \ I /
' N/
l ie0 -
/f Y\ 3,k , s *-f x I Ei0 -
)
I e E0
/
R Trawi l E1000- X b X X l F / \ ry x / ' F ,x l q% '%. x l o toa - y: 4 8 ,r , I T
+. N 10 Y
I 0 I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I JFFHAAHJJJAAS00ND l AEEAPPAVUVUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC. I TRIP Figure 4.1 Mean CPUE of total organisms by creek for iigh marsh,1982, l
<-se p
1 I I
. . suomio
- =
l 0000-l iggg. s- I C / A 100 - I T y' / / 's* ~X g I c X- g H10 - I l0 . : : _ . _ Yh : : : : Trawl E1000-F ! F E 0 180 - P-Lyx s X
<\ X m R , /s '
y i it T l \ I \ 10 l ,$ l r A\ l \ Y' . 'ek . c. I B - - i i i i iiiiiiiiiiiiiii g dFFMAAMJJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUVUECC0E g NBBRRRYHNLGGPTTVC me I Figure 4.2 Mean CPUE of Atlantic menhaden by creek for high marsh,1982, 4-31 g
I I I I . . _ . . _ N . .._ .._..._. I ##~ N e 4 N e 4 [ e 71 I JANUAMY 9-
= M e SCF)
N
- 2,0M
_ [ % _ l = 42 I FtpMUAMY O 4e == N
- II0 N e 1,t01 MancH e -{ [] ,1
- 21 I A P L*L.
as O
=
h ,_ M
- W N e 2,bM I
,,, N
- 278 N
- 6%
we- e 21
,E MAY #
-- M
- M I F E
M WUNC g re-0 m f~ N = g a 42 M e 76 1,640 w N e 1,877 I T at- E
- 21
.JUL.Y D N e 42
"" M e Q I
29- [ e 42 AtJWVST S
.a. .
N e 8 rf1 m rh 5 - 2' I SCPTEMOEM e 43-SS-I a - OCTOstM -
,,_ m . M e 2 N e ee- g . 21 NovenetM a oecersca e , , , , r, , , , , , , , , ,
I . . 4 = . v .
. . e . . e e e a e = = a e aerezcs t.csers zu xx.
. .i I i
=s i i 4
i s I Figure 4.3 Length freca.,yes of Atl.intic menhaden collected by trawls for high marsh,1982, 4-32
,.-~. - m, ____ _
.)
d
d
"- M 4 no. rnessured N = no, collected E = i,0. of ef; orts
,1 I
I, n ,3
' ~
j$ s 'y M a 2 7 - 'f - 4e- N E=m
= 2
):. l &y .
^
2 .- ? . 'd * , , , OAJJA.7Y N
- D y, , .; . 4, N = 25 l3 i^ ~
==-
7; , .,
,ARY J 9-- * * -
O_ r-fTm rn n E = 21 M 43 N " D , N = 491 I;,M; ' ,g E = 42 g ,_ __ f" m ,% h -- ____
~
4, M = 493 N = 1,933 2e E = 21
,p g , 7 e - - - , _
e' .: M = 500 , H = 1,2J MAY 8 8"'
" ~-
u = i3i N = m E = 21 l 1P E s< gung!' ; 1 -- h + . M = 142 g
- H -
N a 146 T 28- g e
~
a q ggy ; c-- A tD ID _ __ _ M = 3 t N =" 3
- I) E = 11 I'
AUJUST ; ' e = 92
@g
_ N = 92 2e _,- M'N - E = 42 scPTrNetw. ; M = 1 N = 1 8" E - 21 ' CCTOSCA O 4, M = 0 N = 0 R e-, E = 21 NovcNeca t y M = 20 N = 20 Mnr, E = 42 l peg i ; i i i i i f
- i reec:cs t.en:Tw :::n ns.
Figuie 4.4 Length frequencies of Atlantic menhaden collected by trawis for high marsh,1981. 4-2 ,
" .m
' ~ - - ^
i I I I Ig333 : :=r o . oc. s o - r.accon 1880-C l A 130 - t I C H10 - g
/
F$I Xk#'l l P E0 E: " i X l R Trawl ,l E1000-F
! 100 -
~5 s
l R T
/ \
kg, k 1
)k le g i
I .x 'b i' l ' E B
- t-YS
~
g JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND a AEEAPPA UUUUUECC0E N88RRRYNNLGGPTTVC . TRIP Figure 4.5 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by creek for high marsh,1982. J -- 4_ x
I I N
- no. conected E = ng of of tom M
- as measured 40-E9-JANUARY :
M e t20
- N = 157 as- g i i E = 4 1 I i FEBRUARY ;
W e la)
- N = 116 29- , , E = 21 5 I I I i MARCH M = 79 6
"** N e 19 9 2> g .
E* 42 3 I I . - - - - APRIL s-- M e U 4e- ~ N = C gas- I
- 2I MAY 0 . . m ae- N = 1,4 nd P ge- E o o i
k dung c 1
. . .c C
..- N - 7,n.
sy I
..- ' I " 2I I
UtJLY ; N * ?,216 29- ' I
- 42 AUS'.'ST ;
w = 345 E
"*~ N - m E = 21
' I M serveneen : 'I - ise
**- se = 19 0 EO- E = 42 i 1 i OCTcogg ;
= . m aa- N = 1,000 29- ,
I
- II i '
I I i NOVEMBCM C M = 133
**" N - iss g
=> ! E - 28 3 1 I i i i oeerreen
- s. 7. ,,
a is == 3. 4. erec es teua..n zu nn. Figure 4.6 Length frequencies of bay anchovy collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982. I 4-35 I
I J l I-M
- me, meesured N
- no, collected E = no. of efforts
-l *" '
I. **
.e
= i E = ,
M RY I N = 48 4,,, M =4
, E = 21 l f * =' i -
Ft'EWtuARY : N = 20s I mm
*e go.
-1 i
l l l Ha __ M = 150 E = 42 N = M
**=
I m ge-4
; F-~ : , ,
M = 94 E = 21 M = N = ~* q I to- E " 4 yy ; I i ~~ '
=e u = ,4 _
N = 391 P av = 21 E [m c M = 4 18 a 4e-y- N = m
,s E - u
_ my I August 4e-m I I 4 = N = 180 243 M = 313 I de N = 1,0l2 go-
, ) L ---- E = 62 g ;
**- M = ns I
N = 361 to-I l l l i E = 2. ocTcoca :
**" M = 313 N = 2,076 2s- =
~~ I u E 21 e gy,gn ;
M = 2CK) de M = 1,17 0 se m , E " d I I f i g gg ; e . . , , , , , E IS 25 35 45 55 e5 7s SPCCM %.ENGTN :D4 MM. I Figure 4,7 Length frequencies of bay anchovy collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982. 1
I I' I
+ = BALDHE^D 10000- 5a' Eo@'s" u O = ALLIGATOR 1000-C X q A 100 -
\ T x T
X It i
\
\
g t it I C I \ t J \ It H10 - I I \ X \
, ,, i h\
I I \
\
l
- n n n n wm NJ
.m EO
- ----m m m m m - m ,
I E1000-F l F n 100 - E R 10 X 1 y' I I \ / ', I ' 5
\ /
0 - ' "bl ' ^ 8- C " 8 -- "- ' i i i i i i i i i i i iiiiiii g dFFMAAF.JJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E g NBBRRRYdNLGGPiTVC TRIP Figure 4.8 Mean CPUE of mummichc,, by creek for high marsh.1982. 4-37
s L ? l
~
M e en meeaweed N
- ao, t*il**i+d E
- no. W eHa.is 1 ...
so-JANUARY 9 1 og.
~
M e $2 ua 28
*~ E = 10 g , **
l't!f9 PtU ARY 9 _
=-n I ,,_
*.u t . 3 NANCH :
- u. no as-
. , ,m.
, f"' DM , , . . .
E M n o n.n I I % s---s HAY f* n . s*> n - un
**~
E. sunc = m iim - L - 50 g = . im
.._ u=m y ""'
suuv
' ' ' *--II I I M '" -'
n - er so- g . , I I I T '-"~' au.ury e4 - u . i2
.) N
- 12
* *~ l
.e, ,ena > ; r-i i IIr n - 5 no-OCTOsCM O-M
- 12
,p'
= N e 205 NovEt'sem "7.
8 1 ___ ._. = 8 " ' M
- 7 q
- s prean cn **a fr._ , . , ., , _ _ , , ,
.-.y. , 7
. i. m. . .. .. v. .. ...
accezes t.ra n :n nn. Figure 4.9 Length frequencies of mummichog collected by selr.es for high marsh,
' ".< 8 2.
4-38
I I
- : =r- I D= MOTTS g Q
- ALLIGATOR gg_ E Seine 1000-C I '
A 100 - E E T C H10 -
/ '
l P E0 r5 f c :: e -
- : : : : : :m n'P3
% l l
7 *' E 1000 - F
-F 0-100 - !
R 10 k aMh.....A......-4-4 ' a _ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I JFFMAAH'JJeAS00ND AEEAPPA Ud0VECC0E l , NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC TN Figure 4,10 Mean CPUE of Atlantic silverside by creek for high marsh,1982. 4-39 l
4 f k
. . _ _ - M._.,_.. . . . . - . , _
l ... M . . so- 1 E
- S JANUARY .
I- 4 M e 1(0 go. . .
=
k-, E 10 I I I l l I i I M
- N =
12 12 so- ' E = $
' ~
MARCH b
.e- M = 12 M - 1.
I 1 1 1 1 I I E = 10 A,an. . - M = 3
" " 3 go.
E o S
.. gay : -
, M e gt M e 17 9 I [
n er nn-a
, j .
g . 3o y -- -
": ?
l AY
=-
m , i E5 4e- M = 1%
**~ M e 4))
wou.T . l I I I l-- , c - in 4e. M a S a.- 5 - 5 I i 1 I #CPTCNSER 44 O M = 6 m .. . f g l l E o en- -
"* I32 M e 2M J'-
NovCNDER Cr M l l j , , E - S 4 M = 67 N e 61
**- j i E . S a l 9
reccN ca , , , ,
- i. .. .. .. .. 2. .. ...
N CS 1.EN CITH lD4 NM. Figure 4.11 Length frequencies of Atlantic ;ilverside collected by seines for high rnarsh,1982. l 4-40
I I
. . , _ , I
- =
o - uumon g 10000-seine I ie00- f I l\^ '
! j' ,
\
E0 - 9 y" I Trawl k E1000 , l 0 iea -
/
I x,
~*~t% I R '% / \[
T jg / 'x y_ q I 4 (f, ' Q
'x j' .
I
'*- ,h - F 0
- 0 4 l l l J l l l 1 I I I I I I I I I I I JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYNN1.GGPTTVC l
TRIP Figure 4,12 Mean CPUE of spot by creek for high marsh,1982, 4-41
I
~
I
.I 3
I II U.. - - . - - . - . . . . . - E = 21 M = 1,112 N e 9,383 29- E = 42 I a -~ ~ PERRuARY
# - M
- 625 N = 1,822
'. r- """1 E
- 2I 43,,,
M " 1.8% N - 16,937 29-- E = 42
$ ;. APR L. e -
M
- 864 l*,' .; ,
, N = 2.887 MAY _
r""i"T" - .. ._ ._ M = t,189 I N = 4,663 C R JUNC -
# ~1_ _
+- = . .
I 5 T 20- E e 21 JULY - 42" M
- 505 I AUeUST 43 E
- 42 M = 277 M e 312
**~
I - - Ea 21 stPTc.4ecR 0 4-- M
- 115 H = 13 h E - 4" I
CCTCSEM *
.g M = 27f N
- U4 NOVENeER 3 - ~--
4e- M = 95 OCCCt4sCR O O 9 e a 9 a $e d $ BPCCrl.S LCNGTH %N MM. Figure 4.13 Length frequencies of spot collected by trawls for nigh marsh,1982, I g .-u
I I
. = _ - . . - M.__ . . , . . . . ' -
I M = 35 4.,
' e6 = 40 E = E JANUAft Y D ,"')
ae- M . 523 N = 7, Sol an.
- II Ft]pnUA RY g mea "" M e ((K5 N = 2p,760 ry. =
9 _E 42 mmen :
- Mw 1,017 so-N = 8,745 re- = 21 m ; H ~l, __ , _ _ _ _ _E M e 1,$ei6 W
*e-N
- I,l M as- E
- 42
-e 3,y M = 648
+
; a- -
- : r' M = ICS g
A _
- h" I' JA Y -
M = 322
+
.n _
M = 429 I so-L _
- 42 ggpygg .
*** M = 8C 4 ravm .- -
2 oc70sta - M = 71 E 21 l
' i'} t.,m h. rm
- M = i, M
- 13 gp
- 42 i
****""*" I N@ I r, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- i. ) t t I i i i 2i 9
- 8 e l 1 8 9 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 7 8 1
6 4 e e S e e S e W G 9 e e 5 e e S S GPEC3C3 L N H ZM Pe1 Figure 4.14 Length frequencies of spot collected by trawls for high marsh,1981. I L I
..e g t
I ' I I
;: =r I 10000- 8 : ILire Seine 1808-C l A 100 -
T H 10 7,s I P
,gy Ig X s_ ,,,
E0 - ------ . .------ l R Trawl l E1000-I liea- \ A
/ \
i ia - 4/ N A / ,g 6 !\ M ' l d':%Rhwll I , JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND l- AEEAl PAUUVUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC TRIP l vigure 4.3 5 Mean CPUE of 4 tbatic croaker by creek for high marsh,1982. g ..o
E I M = no. m*seured N = no, collected E = no, of effom M = 6 M = 6 28- 20 { ] E = m uARY ;
, l M = 6 N = 6
**~ =
] O E 21 FEBRUARY ;
, M = 36
- N = .%
28' = 42 E MAacH M = 9 48~ N = 12 g 20- E = 21 ArRn. : O n n M = 177 g
- N = 260 g MAY 6 h _ a_ _
E = 42 M = 86 4._ - N = 18 1 l g P zo- e c l h E < 21 R MC 0 c M = 101 h N = 101 T ** JJLY a h, _ _ E = 42
, M = N N
- W August e- 16lTM1 nR F = 21
_- M = B1 N = 208 g 2a- E = 42 5 SEPTEMteER O 4e_ - M = 85 N = 111 e 21 ocToscR ; [ % - - E M = 16 3
- N = 514 l g - E = 21 5 navegegg e .c- . . . .
. M = IN N = IN co- W DECDeER O
[ "
,.....i.... .. . ..i.
E = 42 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 222 1 23 4 5e7 eoe i 23 4 5 e7oee t I 8 eue4 L eO 8 G S9 0 8 8 8 8 88 0 8 aE SPECZES LCNTfH XH HH. Figure 4.16 Length frequencies of Atlantic croaker collected by trawls for high marsh.1981. I ! l 4-45 lI
, I I I I U.,-.-- . - - . - E. .. - I ag
=
=]
M = N = E = 13 13 21 l JANUARY C - I- 4
-* M = 16 8 N e 270 E = 42 I
reanuAxy : ' - - 4a-. M = 37 M = 37
,, =
E 21 [ n n - MAnca I 40., M = 309 M = 3,427 [ -- E=c . _ . . Ap m I 4g, M = 45 N e 45
* * ~
MAv "M*n 4 M - 2m I E
= June
** 1 r hm, _- _ ._ _ __
n.u E - '2 H e 114
~ N = iai I T JULY 4g E =
M = 60 N = 60 21 h E - 42
-I AUGUST .
H = 14 N = 14
~ ' "
m n rTTOh n I serTeneen : 4a n M =
= . s 6
y @ @ E = 42 I oc ronen ag_ ze-c
~
l H = N = E . 21 rs 1,370 NOVTMBE.x 0 I occcesca t o-- o, M = N = E = 21 21 21 I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 eae i M 3 4 6 e7 e eeeeaeaeeeaeeeoe== 1 i t t t i 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 spec =rs tcwayw :s ss. e e 1 2 3 4 8 eeeeeea Figure 4.17 Length frequencies of Atlantic croaker collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982. I I , 4-46
l L I I N
- no, conected E = no, of offoru M = no. rnensured 40-29-JANUARY ;
44" 29-P"CBRUARY 40-2JP-MARCH 9 40-29-APRIL. ; 4e-29-MAY e- --- 40-P 29-E ; .- R ME C M = M 4e= C y n=a e
,,- E -
my r T1w - - 4*- - M = D N = U 29 = 2 AUGUST ; n E 4-M = 8 n=s W 2.- E = B SEPTDfSER O f 1 On M = , g
- r E = N e M OCTCBER M = 34 40- -
M N =M 29- " 0 NOV E24SER 4e-
~
M = H = 253 171 l( 5 29- E = 40 f DE M C i..i.i.., .,,. . , , .., , ,,,, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 222 1 2 9 4 8 e 7 e se a1 23 4 .'s e 7 eoe i t eeeeeeeaeeoaeay aeeeeae5 SPEC 3E3 1.ENGTH IN MH, Figure 4.18. Length frequencies of Atlantic croaker collected by trawls for high marsh, , 1980, I:, 4-47 E: l} -
LI I
+ = DALDHEAD
- =
0 = ALUGATON Seine 1000-C
-l A 100 -
T x I C H10 -
)(
/ X'K I
/s
\
4 g / \ E0
" \ 4' I R Trawl l E1000-F I F 0 100 -
R I T
- X 10 x s
\ \
/ /
'X r[# Y- . Mx - t' . 'Y 'rt?%
I 0 - 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I i i i i JFFHAAHJJJAAS00ND I AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYHNLGGPTTVC TRIP Figure 4.19 Mean CPUE of striped mullet by creek for high marsh,1982. I 4.e
I I - I , I M = 23
"~ "
N
- D E = S .'
es-
@ n n ,
e VANuAnv M = 42 N = 42 20- E = 10 rtefesAny e M = 25 N = 25
,,_ } E = 5 gi g , r I nn ._,,,
R1 ____ i M = 97 w_ N = IM c - io 4
.,_ ; nHa 1 m _- -
-e w-o 3 r frn, - n- - --
E = 5 g
,,y um "5
, , , _ E = 10 g ,,, ; -m rt1 rnfrnffil n rm n
- y _ w-m -
g, e-5 g
,, _ nnrm rfD fh m
.a-u - ss E
= . 55 wusuer
=
m,, c io g -
=.. .
.o_ N = 6 W
** .E
. 3 w reccen av m-3 o_ '
** $v
- ecrenc= 3-- 000 E M = 24 4,., n - 24 wovne.ca .
""""E" h "
M =4
# N =4 Dece5m 2 m. T (T1
, , , , r- ,
00
. : : : : i ii i i !!!!!!!!
.ece:zs t.cuarw =u .
Figure 4.20 Length frequencies of striped mullet collected by seines for high marsh, , 1982. 5 4-49 g
I I I I M = % rroesured
- N
- m collected E = no, of efforu
. e ,
- 4. N = 3
*** E = $
+ JANUARY .
f
" M e 71 49=
N e 71
- 2. - E
- O N N N -
FEP# Lamy . [ 1 44-M e N = 223 X36 2.- E = io r 1 g gam
**- " - 28 5 f. N = 25 se E = S M Th Ar m I
M e 114 a so- N = 114 go. e 10 MAY ; M = 61 N e 96 I^ P E game 20-N h - ._ E=S C M = 25 E **- N e 2$ T 2 E* 10
, . N n gy M = 16 de- N = 16 l
"*' E - 5
..o.y O n iTfh n M = *
.._ N e 46 M
St!PTEMSCM ; M e 1
.._ N
- l 2.- E = 5 I
ocio.zn ;
' d M e 6 4.-
N e 6 2.- E=3 NO VICM . 0 4 .=>i I occt"*ca gtp.
- l bb b
. , , , , , bl , ,
M = N e 6 E 6
= 10 t t t t I a e 2 2 a s s I .
2 e
. a. .e e. t.
accerr. 4
- e. . .
a . c>.Tr za ns. 3 4
- s. * *
- e. .e . . .
I.. Figure 4.21 Length frequencies of striped mullet collected by seines for high marsh, 1981,
.I
- 4-50
I I I M = % meawed
- N
- m coUected E
- no. uf ettorts I- -
4.- M =3 g ,9 I
- JANUARY to-e M e 71 M = 71 to- t " S f% f9 ft .
rgamuAny e _'
*e=
Wem i4
- X16 as- E = to gggm , T 'l__ _ , _
M = m E , N = 3 ch E=5 Arn:n, ; I M Ih I M e 114 40- N e 114 33- E = 10 May ; M a 61 I 4a>- N = 96 f* 29- E a 5 E mg ; d h -- -- ,,, c M e 25 E 4e-N
- A N
T an- [}
.I gy , nlMn n E = 10 M e 16 as. M = 16 cs l
._ G n lith n
. . - 46 4e,-
N e 46 20- - c* v l
.ena.e. ;
M = 1 E** Lj ga 5
-1 --- -
ocTosca e M = 6 I_ 4e-M = 4 20- , E = 3 Nov emen :
**- M = 6 I- DE N 'E" ge- []
H 00 O O N
- 6 E = 10
, , w- , , , , , , , , , , ,
I i a e 2 e a s s 3 I 1 1 t 2 4 e S S 2 4 6 e S 2 4 6 a e 2 4 9 9 9 8 W- G W G S S S S S S S e S 3 SPfCTEs L.ENSTN ZN MM. I Figure 4.21 Length frequencies of striped mullet collet.ted by sein, a for high marsh, 1981. I 4-50
I I;
+ = BALDHEAD X = W A LD EN .
Q= MOTT*5 \ O = /,LLIGATOA , l 10000-1000-Seine I C X i A 100 - T X l\
\ '
I '\ ! I ! x C H 10 - I \
'x I
i $ u0 - A. . . I J. . V. X \, m s
. m. .R g.
l Trawl E1000- g. l l f al F a! 0100 - g; R 10
/ s
/ X-X s L F: : "
- . . : . : : YtY-:
0 l i i i i i i i i i iiiiiiiiii JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND l l AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC l TW l Figure 4.22 Mean CPUE of white mutet by creek foi higl. marsh,1982. I L 4-31 l l
I I I ......-. . . . . - . - .........,.
.. u..,
l
- l : l, I -
I APRA Ns
- I PAY $
,__ b i.,
- ,, . m .
~ m i Ih --,
I 5 N .JUNC C, W
": To"
..n,
~
_c-r - 1,_, ": F" t . .,
~
r-n i n ,,-,_ __
- i"'
_e_ . im
- . . ,m
~
w I _ --
.5 acticreen a I octeern me.
~
r,-r H i ;. , M . 24
. . 2.
. . io 4e= d
- 3 I - ..e
=
n n F -. I I #E t.- te 7 te me.
*e em em 1
7e i es me i , les 1 its tre i
.ccezze t.m ts z n .
I I Figure 4.23 Length frequencies of white mullet collected by selries for high marsh, 1982, I 4_s2 g-
I I I
. . _ . . ~ . . . . . . .. . . , , , -
l
-1 so-JANUARY a l
FCileRUARY 2
.e-88-APRJJ. C
,,- . . . im m
I
- i - ia
.e- ,, .m
. .- . . n,
- c .~e = f 1,- -
r> a 4e- M = 4a WL.y .
- f i i i ,
*4
..- . .. m ze - M = 105 E=5 g
Aueusy a O' I I I I ' ' ' i-4e- M
- 10s
= . i. 5 SEPTDetM :
r- r r 1 ,- , c - io a
'" E = 5 ccioMen o I g
<e-20-NOWCMSCM 40-co-DEC " E" 0
. . . . . -r , , , 7 ,
te as "is 44 se em 7e se oc $ea tie aza g t PCCES (ENGTH EM MM. I Figure 4.24 Length frequencies of white mullet collected by seines for high marsh, 1981. I 4-53 E_
- - - . - - _ _ - - - - - - ~ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ . .
I I + = X
- BALDHEAD W ALDE N O=
I MOTT'S D
- ALLIGATOR Scino 1000 -
C g A 100 - T C <l H10 - K I P E0 : O :: i- ::::::: l .l R , lg l E1000-F l F 0 100 - i k h ,A%g LI T
\g' 's, K
10
\
/\ 'N b P[4Db3 $ $M I
6 . i i ,iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND I. AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC I TRIP Figure 4.25 Mean CPUE of Counders by creek for high marsh.1982, l 4-34
I' I I U.__ M. ._._ r. . ._ g 4e= 2F JANUARY ;
.e.
=
n nn
.t 49= M e 6 pt o 6 nancH :
T C E = 42 43= M
- I at= N a l E = 21 A,RL :
ee- " M = 11 NAY O r n n : a asm M = 4 4 Jul+C
=~
C rn n n C E 4e= M e 9 N . p E JUbV 24 i I"l] I~l b E = 42 de- M = l N = 1 Es. AUsuST C 4e- M = 1 E M
- I so-E = 4 l stPTEMoot :
4e= 'M = l ESM N e 1 l E = 21 ocToecn : 43- M = 1 NOVE wCM C
- M e S
[ M .* 5 DECC"*"" p p E = 42 , I l 1 1 I t t 3 t a s 4 s e 7 e o e i 2 3 4 5 e 8 9 8 8 9 8 e O 9 8 8 9 @ S 9 9 8 SPEC ES LENWTH 2 MM. ( Figure 4.26 Length frequencies of southern flounder collected by trawls for high r l marsh,1981. l I 4-55
. g> e:% s 0 h>
IMAGE EVAL.UATION //pp/ I* fe, k# jf# 3 TEST TARGET (MT-3) /')p'[6'[g, [ ) g f
%g#
# 4% 46' 4' %
9
,,;N
~
'u W pn
,,, au
- 1. Few b sks (
m,t = , = l,l - a ta l'u E I.25 ij 1.6 I . 4- v__ 4 150mm *
- 6" ~>
+
/*>%
3 ,ppp , , _ /g q?b 4 foy
,y
?
# ~
1 g,_ k mw
. ;, j
-s,.eu <a e
> l I
- s _
y?'g,h l l0 Y& 'hg$P v IMAGE EVALUATION // ,f')8%
/ \\qyf"f '
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
' #ji' g a s /fg ffs Vyjp,
& @ 4% y
%$9 4%
1 I l.0 N2 l5[M
,i [" NE M
l.25 l I.4-l [L=1.6
=
4 150mm > 4 6" > b r.a ,,a,; e@ D 4>7 i
,4a,;8 s?'f.g n 4s ,y e i <{C4
'w w. .. an -
r$j > O e q l + v& 0,* g% y IMAGE EVAL.UATION \ ,'s %
\//g/ %:[' 't'q)If TEST TARGET (MT-3)
/
////. p',
gp /jf s
}
+ s
,.o s m 2 !O: nyg_
g g, naa l*l $E L hh4
'I l.8
{ EE3E3 1.25 1.4 1.6 __ m 4 150mm > 4 6" >
.QV er%x &%
f4 k\A ss; % sQf7 k# ~'~ ~~~--- ~ x G 4 :: p\\
/ , f-
,f f{f ! /.
f u oNy
, y i
. e ,f ,
w ,
' v'= * '*I . . , , . . . , , , . , ,_ ,. ----__.m_.___-.___.m_.m____ _ _ _ _ _ , _ _
* % w _.-
,y.4g*$ w $0 h.-
f/ ~ 40f's g 96V IMAGE EVALUATION f% N /g ,'i [' t@ho' TEST TARGET (MT-3) \ j 'js
//'/(/ .,
9
'6y gy V, @ V p, (+'Qrf .g l.0 lt C E L i, i ch 2.2 y g; \ IK=
l.1 i iL \"fS D' l.8 il ==a I.25 l.4 1 1.6
.= == \==
4 -- 1L0mm > 6" > s si+ is ,,*s A % 4' m,,fa/y,%p - gg, , /y4
=
y y, ,- 4p u og, // . m, w w ______._________.____.______._,_[ _ _ _ _ _ 2__ ___
-b. . _, - .
, ,y . _ _ .
- I
- M = no rnessured N = no, conected !! = no, of efforts 4e-
" M = 9 N =9 q bb dANUARY a -- - -
48- "I y = 270 N = 490 29-E = 42 m FEBRUAMY e
-- . = .
co- N = 121 I E = 21 t' ARCH g I - 48- u = 2 io N = 600 22-I JRZ1. e 48-F
~
E = 42 N = 61 N = 61 2e-I .% e 4e-I E = 21 n.y N = m ze-I e r j wng B N a 4e-rr n E = 42 g = 4 N = 4 I T 2e- = E 21 Out.Y a 48- - M = to N = 10 I AueusT 2e-4- e O lU E w=i 42 N I I stTTENeER e es-40- M =3
= 21
- - .- N =3 I OCTOBER co-e 48- M =
10 N = I 10 28 p p E = 21 NOVEMBER e .
*~ u. s N = 1 28-E = 21 DECENSER e- i i i i i .i . ..i .. , , , ,., , ,
t 1 1 1 1 1 I t t t I 1 2 1 4 5 -8 7 e G S 1 2 3 4 E O 7 8 9 eeeaeeeeeeeeeeae9 eee SPECZES LENSTH IN HH. i Figure 4.27 Length frequencies of southern Counder collected by trawls for high marsh,1982, 4-56 <
g._ e" I I M
- no, measursd N
- m cet.eetoe t % of ,Hom Ii' I
56= JANUAf
- f ;
4e= 2D= PCDMU a 8tY ;
" N = 3
# N e 3
**- Ee 21 MARCH M e 8 49= "
~ :L AP R74. D= _am%n M e b W g a 3 E = 21 MAY ;
M
- 6 5
R .JUNC C me= C nn n
~
n
- k l i C 49=
T 29= JubY ; 44= 29= E Auever ; M = 1 5 49= N = 1 E = 21 sEPTEMsCR ; M = 1 w M e t
# E = 42 l -
COTOSCR 29= HOVENSEM ; E DCmem ; , , ,.,_, , , , , ,., , , , , ,_, 7 1 1 1 l t t t I t I aa2 e2 2 e ae4 N e7 eae i r3 4 5 e7 eee i a3 4 s E5855555555555555555555555 NS LENSTH lllN MM. Figure 4.28 Length frequencies of summer Counder couected by trawls for high j marsh,1982. I 4-57 g
9-----.---...-..-.--. ...W-...-.m,,.u. - - - . . , . . . . . . . , , , . . . .
+ = BALDHEAD X = WALDEN O= MOTT5 0 = ALLIGATOR 10000-Seine 1808- 5 C .
A 100 - l T C y l H10 -
/
.z Y \
l P / ("s " " "#" " E8 l R Trawl E1000-I F F
! 0 100 - ,X
- \
10
\
0 E-t-
\h %" A" " "
I i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I JFFFAAHJJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC TRIP Figure 4.29 Mean CPtJE of brown shrimp by creek for high rnush,1982, 4-58
I I
......__ N . _._ . . . . . -
I
.a-es-aANUARy 3 g
FEBRUARY a
-e-me-nARen .
J zo-APR u 3 M e 337 N = 421 g,y
##~
g T h - E - 2 u - s,1cs
- 3, no l
e z.- E =c
-i i P i i m_ E E aunc c
n.m g g *- 2 auuv I - N = $9 g ze- E =4 F Tr-i'r-- i-AvausT e - u.3 g
.e-
~
N
- 3 g so- f = 21 serveneen . =.i
.e- N
- 1 ge- c.o ocicacs a * . :
..- N = 1 29* E = 21 l
\ nevereen a
.e-
! e.- ecceneca a
- i i i . . , , , , , ,
t a = . v.
- a. l }. ;
= = = . m. a. . . . i l avec:es uenern :n nn.
Figure 4.30 Length frequencies of brown shrimp collected by trawls for high l ' marsh,1982,
. I 4-59 N
I - I I u - na m..sured N = no conected E
- n'~ of ettom I +
29-
. JANUARY O 40-I P'EB RUARY CD-40-C I MARCH E&=
4e-O I APIC1. EE 40 8 M = 447 N = EG) I og_ C -' 42 MAY . M = 450 N = 1,099 I E R JJNC [ N 0 r- i i ni E M
=
=
N = 87) 21 543 I Wll l l JJI.Y 44- l M = M N = M 20-I Auaust ;
.-, n--n nnIii{% E = 21 4e- M 4 D !,
N
- 19 servensea n n, Irf'1 n-i h n E = 42
~I. .e -3 M = 2 N = 2 22-I E = 21 OCTCSER C i 40-ze-sovcw en : 4.- 2D= ocecxsca : 1 1 l I l i 1 2 3 4 5 e 7 e e o n 2 3 4 6 s s s e s s s s a a s s u a s s SPEC.IES LENGTH D4 NH. Figure 4.31 Length frequencies of brown shrimp conected by trawls for high marsh,1981. l 1 4-60
1 I I ~
- *;m" I
O = ALLiG ATOR 10000-Seine 1000-C A 100 - g T H10 - 4f I e E0 : : : : : " " s" a v F .u
'"W i R
Trawi l E 1000 - g F 0 100 - I R T I 10 ts
, 7% I i i i i i i i 's i i i iiiiiiii l, JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC l
TRIP Figure 4.32 Mean CPUE of pink shrimp by creek for high marsh,1982. 4-61 N
I I I . . . - - - -- E -- I 40= Me=
.d VANUARY #
I. 43 29= M e N
- 1 E e 1
42 P"ESRUARY e I MARCH
.JJ O
N
- 2 I APR:L 4=
29= a N e 2 E " 42
*** % e 1 I MAY 29=
e ___ f4E = 21 ( M e e y 1 44 = N
- M IPE mc. 23-I I i ..l E
- 42 u=n g& r way
=._
~
I I f f i i i i _ E
- 21 p e 120 me- -
n.m I ' ' I ! I ,I i __ E = 42 AueusT e m . m2 4e-N e 3 23 ae-s i _E = 21 8CPTEnnen e w.3 4 M = 84
"" E = 42
; i l l pm ,
a ociocen M = 4M
.I ,g, 29-u . 42 E = 21 NovenecM a u.n I DCCW'"
**~
- r .
i g g g , n-n E = 21 em 7 .. .. i. I ie as 3. se arce:cs .euern . :n nm. Figure 4,33 Length frequencies of pink shrimp coi!ected by trawls for high marsh, 1982. I
..e2 g
I I M = no, rnessured N = % collected E = no. of offorts
- u. i g H = 8 E es- E - 20 ANua.ny ;
44- M - :
- Nm i E - 2i FEBRUARY :
-- w.2 E N . 2 E te-E = 42 MARCH :
- - u.2 E
'a-N - 2 5 E = 21 Aran. :
M = 10
**" N = 10 co- E = 42 xAv ;-
n FT1FTTTl n n so-E, _ . . - u-m c - E = 42 m ,_ , _1.Y
- .. m
&_ !22Y woust E 4 SEPTENeca
- M = M w . 95 l ze- f -
5 ' E 21 octe ca : n h ,-.__.-,r,_ 4e- M = 91 E - 2 NovcNecR n-m n.m 3 ze- E - 42 E occcesca .- > > > - ... . . , , , ,
- G B E 6 g Figure 4.34 Length frequencies of pink shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981.
I 4-63 8
I I I
! 10000-1 1000-E C
g A 100 - I C H10 - l P E0 "
- O
' x- g l(\
x dNh41 c l R
- g E1000-l E F l F l.5 0 100 -
R T ll - y,9 A 10 X s
/ V 's lg' 0
- . . . . . . . .- N4EN I
.2 i
1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I JFFMAANJJJAAS00ND ,l l AEEAPPAUUUVUECC0E NBBRRRYNNLGGPTTVC 'I TRIP Figure 4,35 Mean CPUE of white shrimp by creek for high marsh,1982. g 4-s
I 1 I I
... - ,...~ E...- l 44-t%~
VANUARY O H.., I PT.C ftW ARY 8
*e=
co-MARCH O 40-29-APRIL e 4e-28-M = 21
~ -
. .n te- E = 42 P
k JUNC G
" " W E .. N = 162 N
T E = 21 avuv 2e] e M e W
'8 J W e 43) as -
Ea 42
. ._ m i i_n i E i i i 4 i i i r- _
N
- 74 N = 74 E = 21 as- __
stP?cMocR e M = 12
. . n cciostR a F '
lln O1 i i
= 1
. E . 2, .
,2, e
NovcMocn e.- E . 21 3 occcreta e , , , i i i t t i e 3 4 s e 7 e a e t a 3 4 e o e a a a e e e e e e a e seta:Es LENeTH IN MM. Figure 4.36 Length frequencies of white shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982, I 4-65 N
I M = no, measured N = no, couected E
- no. of etforts g :
20-JANUARY a 40-20-FEBRUARY O 40-MARCH O I - CD-e APRIL I MAY 48-20-O I g R JUNC 20-9 u- n I N ny
, M fT"1 M M N N . n E = 42 4e- u - 30
" 2 AUGUST
. . n I SEPTEMBER O N
- 22 r- N = 2 I
so-co-N = 2 OCTCSCR O- - s-M = 9 I N = 9 nMh'
**' e-D NCVEMBER C I
t o--
. . i i i i i i i , i i , ,
5 6 kE C 6 5 6 !s SPECICS LENGTH IN Mfi . I
~
Figure 4.37 Length frequencies of white shrimp collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981.
' [1 -
5 I
- : =
0* MOTT'S -l O = ALL1 GATOR 10000- l Seine 1808 - C a A 100 - T /\ I H10 - a l N V--X-*x)j -
\
P g X, X g E0 - : :: m
--v-R I
E1000-F l F = 0 100 - g R s ,Xs N ! p -x ,i, X-/
/ 4\ ./
10
-Y '
Y s X' ,
\
~ -
f i i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii g JFFMAAHJJJAAS00ND AEEAPPAUUUUUECC0E j i N8BRRRYNNLGGPTTVC I Tue Figure 4.38 Mean CPUE of bh:: crabs by creek for high marsh,1982, 4-67 g
I g I I . . . - - N.-.- . . . . . - m M = 223 4 e 356
.Jwuant
=-
a- r- n "' c.n I nonuAav 4e-20-e M = N
- E = 42 235 37 H = 24 I
a N e 24
""~ E = 21 MAstew a @ m@nm -
4
- 24 3 4e-N
- I 255 L
- 42 APRIL &
M
- 13 gg.
N
- 121 I
- II g,y 6h N = 3;Il 4
- 320 P- 29-
- 42 l gg , ii<1 i a i u ,
1 C g y go M
- N =
18 5
.89 e _n-u,-4 i,,,,c -rt_.%_ - r-n my _
M = 257 I- #
==-
N e 237 c . 42 R 1 nii m , ___--4 i i i r-1 i W -, ._
,ggy ,7 I SCPTtreCR 4e-M e 15 N e 108
. . n3 I
go. N = 113
~ ' " -~- - -
octosCM 4.-
. . .w N = 349 E
- II I. g
, w .m __
N . m N = 122 E
- 21 DCCEF90CR O , i , , , , . . . . , , ,
i
! $ k $ $
E S 9 e i 2 3 4 S e 7 e e el e 2 3 4 7 8 e e e e e e a e e e e e e e e a SPCCIEe LCNOTH EM MM. Figure 4.39 Length frequencies of blue crabs collected by trawls for high marsh, 1982, I I
I I
. .,0. w ..--- , . . . ~ , .
W
=..S g N . 4S
,,, E=
_, ; r i r, -
. . wS
- 4 . tt:5 E gg, r- T M -r- _ _
t . ri g
,._ y ,
+
= . m SI r acs
**~
. _Jih rn_c - . . .i g
. . . e.
M me m *m n
= . = E N . 2h5
**- t - a
.-a ,
MAY -
=. us
. ,_ N . 12S
**~ E - 2'
- 3. rf k o ,,, a ,,,-<,,,
" - M E
~
< - a E" r-rT7 Ti ,, r _ - ,-,
'. y
, . m
.,_ = . =
,, E
- l i 1 i ru h _ r"1
~
iil __ A W ST C M . 204
= - a m t - a g
,, _ *7 r4'h oim m - ~ _
+ , . n h -- ._._c, e - c ri 3 E
oevo.m .
. . m
.- w.=
,._ c . 2:
- h. ,
r7,-r,_ _ _.~ _ ._ _ sov em.c,.
.m l
+
__ r . C . . .
. . . . ,,,,,,, g E
= A : " ; : : i 1 iiiiij
.,ec=e. w .1- :.
I Figure 4.40 Length frequencies of blue crabs collected by trawls for high marsh, 1981. I 4-69 I.
I Treed C 3 seine M----- K I. 10000-1000 - 17 100 - I i-0
. d. _. .
1000 - 16 100 -
, s
/ l 4
1000 - 15 I C 100 - I C0 H 1000 -
/ _.
34 E 100 - R . _ E 0 [ . . . O 1000 - 13 R T 100 - 0 . . .A A. 1000 - 12 100 -
/ s I- 0 ;
g M,. .',&. '; -- : . 1000 - 33 100 - O - r - i i , i i i i e i i i i i i i i i i i
.' F F M A A N J J J A A S O O N D I A E E A F P A U U U U U E C C 0 E N B D R R R Y N N L G G P T T V C TRIP Figure 4.41 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by station for Baldhead Creek, high marsh, 1982, 4-/0
I i Tres C D s,in, x.......x t0000-I 17 te00 - 100 - 0 . . . . . . . 10 1000 - A
'A
,,' g 1PO
* --',, Ns ,
,A g 10 - s <
*h--C : - C ',.t -: e-s
- : b.-e..'!-~I' am 0 . : =
5 te00 - 15 100 - C A 10 - T C0 . : : : : : . . : : : : ; ; . H 1000 - 14 P E 100 - R I 10 - 3 E F0 F
. A.
. t- .
E 13 O 1000 - R E T 100 - as u 10 -
- k. .
I~ 1000 - 12 g
,2- :
=
iea - < n-5s ,- A, s
,J f %
1a -
~~~ <,N ,A, \ a y, - - - -
s
/ - - -
0 1000 -' 11 tee - le 0 : : : : : : : : : E i i i i i i i i i .
. i i
. i i i g d F F M A A H J J J A A S O O N D A E E A P P A U U U U U E C C 0 E N B D R R R Y N N L G G P T T V C TRIP Figure 4.42 Mean CPUE of Atlantic silverside by station for Baldhead Creek, high marsh, 1982.
4-71 5
I I 1,.- c , seine x . . - -- . . K I teeee-1ee0 - 28 100 - r . : : : : . 1C00 - 27 100 -
- A: : :
- I 10C0 100
- : : : : : w. . . .
1000 - 25 120 -
; ,e.. -
g e ... - P n g 5,ee.- ,, T 100 - teon - 23 100 -
- ^_ e_ ;
teme - I 22 tee - 12 - e : : : -b- ; ' - ** ' : : I seen - 100 - E C C E I N S S R R R Y N N T R f*
- t. 0 0 F* T T V C Figure 4,43 Mean CPUE of bay anchovy by station for Walden Creek, high marsh,1982, 4-72
I
,,.. ~ , I s,j n, p -- - - - -K seeem-tece - 28 g tee - a to e
. As =
toes - 27 too -
' ~
e N - teen - 26 tee - to - e .h - .a - - . 1ece - 2s ice - c g te - ee ?:": : : : - M teen - 24 P e tes - E 7, e
. a ~-..
a teen - 29 R T 1De - se - a g teca - 23 5 tee - se - e A.
.A tema - 22 tee -
g te - 3 e : : - - : :
- teen -
21 E tee - E W
+----:
a e r s A 4 M a a a A A a o o n o A E E A P P A U U U U U E C C O E N D D M R R Y N N L G G P T T V C TRIP Figure 4.44 Mean CPUE of flounders by station for Walden Creek, idgh marsh,1982. I 4-73 5 -
I I ,
.g Trewt C O seine x -- . . . . x I
10003-1000 - 28 too - 1000 - 27 I toe - 10 W D . : : , I 1000 toa 26 I : 1000 - 25 too - I C M teos - 24 I E 100 - R 12 - A ,d 9 : I O 1002 R T tes 29
- : : : : : : A*
tsee - 23 tem - I. : : : : : : : : : -
,.e. -
22 1e0 I - IO ~
- -A- :
yi',/%, .- g < B' : : : : : ( 3 tems - 21 too - I la . e - i i i a s
- i i
. i i
a e i i i i a T J -- F F M A A N J J d A A B O O N D , A C C A P- P A U U U U U C- C C D E l N D D R R R Y N N L G G P T T V C TRIP Figure 4.45 Mean CPUE of pink shrimp by station for Walden Creek, high marst.,1982, l 4-74
j i Trsed C D I s w. w .. . . . .. x sceee-I 28 tece - l a tee -
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I I T ABLE il TRIP NUMBER, DATES, EFFORTS I AND ANALYSIS YEEK FOR NEKTON SMALL TPAWLS, 1982. I TRIP SAMPLE DATE NUMBER EFFORTS ANALYSIS WEEK g 53 05JAN-06JAN 22 1 3 54 26JAN-27JAN 22 2 55 17FEB-19FEB 22 3 56 099AR-10 MAR 22 4 I 57 58 31 MAR-01APR 20APR-21APR 22 22 5 6 59 llMAY-12MAY 22 7 I 60 61 62 02JUN-03JUN 21JUN-22JUN 13JUL-14JUL 22 22 22 10 8 9 I 63 64 65 04 AVG-05AUG 23AUG-24AUG 14SEP-15SEP 22 22 22 11 12 13 66 050CT-060CT 22 14 I 67 68 250CT-260CT 17NOV-18NOV 21 22 IS 16 69 070EC-080EC 22 17 70 210EC-22DEC 22 18 I I I - I
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Table 5.3 Ten most abundant fish caught in small trawls and percent of total number and weight, January to December 1932 and all years combined, 1979 to 1982 (adjusted for duration). All Years 1982 l % Total % Total % Total % Total Species Rank Number Weight Rank Number Weight Bay Anchovy 1 35 8 1 35 9 Spot 2 32 37 2 32 36 Croaker 3 19 36 3 18 15 [ Menhaden 4 5 11 4 4 10 O Weakfish 5 4 3 5 2 3 Blackcheck Tonguefish 6 1 1 10 <1 <1 Ilogchoker 7 1 <1 6 2 <1 l Star Drum 8 <1 <1 I Spotted llake 9 <1 2 8 <1 2 Silver Perch 10 <t 1 7 <1 8 i White Catfish 9 <1 1 ; l 98% 99% 96% 85% i a I
M M 'W mm m _m m m m m W N m M. m m W M l , Table 5.4 Six most abundant non-finfish caught in small trawls and percent of total
- l. number and total weight, January to December 1982 and for all years combined, l 1979 to 1982 (adjusted for duration)
I l [ All Years 1982 l i
% Total % Total % Total % Total Species Rank Numbe r Weight Rank Number Weight Grass Shrimp 1 56 3 1 65 5 Brown Shrimp 2 19 23 2 14 17 Blue Crabs 3 7 56 4 6 48 u,
O Pink Shrimp 4 6 3 5 2 2 White Shrimp 5 5 9 3 9 18 Ilardback Shrimp 6 4 <1 6 1 <1 97% 94% 99% , .
Mean number, mean weight , and percent total for all years I Table 5.5 of species collected in nekton small trawl, 1979-1982 (adjusted for doration) Species Number To t.si Weight % Total Bay Anchovy 112 38 97 9 Spot 90 31 430 38 Croaker 46 17 161 15 Menhaden 12 4 110 10 Weakfish 10 3 32 3 Southern Flounder <1 .31 38 4 Brown Shrimp 20 17 114 20 Pink Shrimp 7 6 17 3 White Shrimp 9 7 64 12 I I I I I I I I I g 5-22 E
=
,.- n ,
E E E E E E E E E E E E M- E E E E E E l ' l ' ) Table 5.6 Results of ANOM for nekton Ioggp (CPUE + 1), small t ravi, January 1979 through December 1982. Menhaden Total Organism Age 1 & O!3er Week Year Week X Year Station Y *** U Week X Station Year X Station I- !7 1-9 Trips Analyzed 2.284 0.485 Log
'1,193 52 0.211 i NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001 ~
Table 5.6 (continued) Bay Anchovy Bay Anchovy Weakfish Age 1 & Older Age O Source Age O < Week
*** *** NS Year Week X Year Station u, *** *** & Week X Station s~
Year X Station 8-17 I-13 8-17 Trips Analyzed 1.062 0.915 0.578 Log Z 0.410 0.290 0.151 S NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001
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8 2 pg * * * * *
- 1 SA 0 O
_M
)
d 1 M e n 50 0 i _ t n o p1 c 5 p 0 M ( n n d 0. < < 0 o o e 1 i i z >1 0< r t t y 00 a a a l p p e a M 6 5 T n t S t S A n e X o X I e c i s p l r k r k t k r b u e a e a e a i g
- M T a
S o e W e Y W e t S W e Y e T r o >' L S S N* M ynu M
,?: ilil!lIllllIIlljll
l l L i ! Table 5.6 (continued) l f Croaker ' l Source Age 1 & Older Brown Shrimp Pink Shrimp l Week *** *** *** i I i Year *** *** *** i ! i l ! Week X Year *** *** *** i t Station *** *** *** i Y Week I Station *** *** *** Year X Station *** *** *** Trips Analyzed 1-10 7-17 1-17 l Iog u.1CO 0.751 0.447 ( S 2 0.054 0.132 0.109 l NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001 - ;
i t IM M M m W W W M5 m W W m W m m m m m , i
!L!tI[f[ti Iii! ,I {
. M M
M
.M . M b
a 1 4 r 7 M C
- 1 9
6 8 0 e 1 0 0 u l B
.M M
M M p m . i r M h S
- 7 1
4 5 6 4 3 1 s * * * * *
- 0 .
t 1 0 0 i h M W M
)
d - e 1 M u n 50 0 i
- ~
t n o ( <~p1 c 5 p 0 M ( n n d 0. < < 0 o o e 1 i i z > 1 0<- r t t y 00 a a a l p p e M 6 5 T n S t t S A a n - X o X I e i s - l k r k t k r p . b e a e a e a i g
- M T a e W
e Y e V t S W e e Y T r o L 2 S S N*
- 2 g
_ M w /, - M
.1 6
Table 5.7 Results of ANOVA for nekton Log 10 (CPUE + 1), January 1981 through Decenber 1982. Menhaden Total Organisms Age 1 3 Older i Week *** *** [ l I Year NS *** ! i i Week X Year *** *** T
- Li Station *** *** i Week X Station *** ***
r Year X Station **
- t Trips Analyzed 1-17 1-9 Log 2.271 0.514 2
5 0.231 0.204 NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001 -
M M m M M M M 5 m W W W W W m W W W i
E M M - M M M M M M M M M M M M L Table 5.7 (continued) f Bay Anchovy Bay Anchovy Weakfish Source Age O Age 1 & Older Age O l t l Week *** *** *** ! l Year NS ** NS , i Week X Tear *** *** *** i i Station *** *** *** ; l i t i
, v
( L e Week X Station i i
- Year X Station NS NS IIS ;
d i i i j Trips Analyzed 8-17 1-13 8-17 t Log 1.I10 0.853 0.522 2 S 0.580 0.329 0.197 t
?
NS p > .05 ;
* .01 < p < .05
) i ** .001 < p < .01 l l
*** p < .001 - ;
- i l
1 1 t
Table 5.7 (continued) Spot Croaker Spot Age 1 & Older Age O Source Age O Week Year Week X Year Station Y u *** *** o Week I Station Year K Station ; 1-17 I-17 Trips Analyzed 1-17 0.566 0.765 log 0.794 0.111 0.213 S 2 0.299 NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001 -
m m e M e m m m m m m m M M M m M M
M M M- M M M M M M - m M M M M m m m m t , i Table 5.7 (continued) i Croaker
/ '
Source Age 1 (= Older Brown Shrimp Pink Shrimp L c i Week Year *** NS *** f r I l Week X Year *** *** *** i l ! l r Station *** *** *** w *** *** 4
~
Week X Station , Year I Station *** *** *** l F Trips Analyzed 1-10 7-17 1-17 ! i Log 0.498 0.519 0.316 . i 2 0.147 S 0.073 0.106 [ l l NS p > .05 j
* . 01 < p < . 05 -
** .001 < p < .01 i t
*** p < .001 - i l !
I t
Tabl== 5.7 (continued) White Shrimp Blue Crah Week Year Week X Year Station Y' Week X Stction U Year X Station 10-17 I-17 Trips Analyzed 0.542 0.597 Log f i 0.159 G.102 52 NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001 -
M m 5 W W m m m m m m m e M M M M
m 'M M M M m m m m M M M M M M !
- Table 5.8 Results of ANOVA for nekton log 10 (CPUE + 1), 1982. j i
I".cnhaden Total Organisms Age 1 & Older I Week *** *** i i Station *** *** i . i Week X Statiot. *** *** I t D ; w' i 1
\
Trips Analyzed 1-18 1-9 . t i Log 2.274 [ 0.637 ; i 2 S 0.154 0.171 1 ! I i
- NS p > .05 l * .01 < p < .05
- [
i ** .001 < p < .01 I
*** p < .001 _ f
) i i 4 i
i Table 5.8 (continued) Bay Anchovy Ray Anchovy Weakfish Age O Age I & Older /ge 0 . Source Week Station Week X Station Y 1* 8-18 1-13 3-18 Trips Analyzed 1.105 0.787 0.504 Log 1 2 0.403 0.199 0.131 S l, NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
- {
** .001 < p < .01 I
*** p < .001 -
M M M M M M M M M M SE M M M
2_;A.Amd.h.JAAa Ah_amm***T .m4 4mdhs.-14e.-MM1&hw A 64-4 h-M+ W ~ Wu4
- L4 4 hhh4 hWw AJ.6 eahJ4.4-Sh^ 'N43 - A 4G. m WM-~ d '4 4 M N Odr---ewh"AM.4.m.
I :
- I .
I l E u o m - - m g . - - .
. f
# . . I I
Q tt O O
; $4 i I
I I . 4)
'O O
- i. I od s
me e C 1 O
^
O O W I < tt I .. . g
. m ew M
I ' I w< O a O I *O w W D C eO O e e v e e I V o v g O &
*o d O
' V vi r_i--
VO
.-e O
u, ( q A O- O Vl a . u. n. .
-I = .
a e n U 4 N W b M . I - A 4 a u 3 a& k A j k t y ~ m m..: z . . 5-35 i
l l Table 5.8 (continued) i i Croaker Source Age 1 & Older Brown Shrimp Pink Shrimp j j Week *** *** *** i. Station *** *** *** l t i. l Week X Station *** *** *** sn Trips Analyzed 1-10 7-18 1-18 4 Log 0.372 0.519 0.266 52 0.040 0.076 0.048
; NS p > .05
* .01 < p < .05
** .001 < p < .01
*** p < .001
)!ill Ii3l Ii !!l lltI.!lriii , lI r' !ii!!i(( I t y
M
~
M M , ._ b a 3 0 r 8 M C
- 1 5
5 7 0 e 1 0 0 u l B M n. M M e. p i c i r 8 0 8 M h S
- 1 2
7 0 1 e * *
- 0 .
t 1 0 0 i h W
)
d e 1 u M i n 50 0 t n o
< <~p1 c 5 p 0
( n o d e
- 0. < < 0 1
i t z y
>1 00 0 <-
a l p p 8 a M 5 n t S A n o I - c i s
- i k t k p b e a e g
- a e t e o 2 S * * -
T W S W L S H* *
- M n 4n3 o3 r
g M bl
I 10000-1982 I 100 -
%[*% 4 ;
10 - 1981
'""~
c A 100 T pA,#%A I C H 10 - P EO I R 1000 E E 1000 - H : " 0 100
- ~s W 10 - a 1979 1000 -
10 -' O i
, , , , , , , , , , , , , . i i i i J J F M A A H J J J A A S 0 0 N D D A A E A P P A U U U U U E C C 0 E E E N N B R R R Y N N L G G P T T V C C E TRIP Figure 5.1 CPUE of total organisms collected in nekton small trawls,1979 through 1982, 5-38 a se
I O O Young of year X ----- X Juantles and adults 10000-1982 1000 - 100 - p.. <-- s ,
\
10 -
\s e %
T~% '&$b. I 0 1981
. . - R, 1000 -
A 100 - T
<'AN C \
H 10 -
'N s'
I P EO -:--; -: .
"---I : :' s: 't : : : c' :
R 1980 E 1000 - I f* F O 100 -
/
EM
\
R < \ T to -
",d g s
s
'y. 4 - E ,
0 -: : : : : . : "44 w: : : : - 1979 I 1000 - 100 - A I
/ \
'g 10 -
N I 0 ~ i i e i i 4' e
-- M i i i i i i i i - i i i i i J J F M A A H J J J A A S 0 0 N D D I A A E A P P A U U U U U E C C 0 E E N N 8 R R R Y N N L G G P T T y C C TRIP I Figure 5.2 CPUE of Atlantic menhaden collected in nekton srnall trawls,1979 through 1982.
5-39
B I I g
..- = . ua l N
- 3,573 g JANUARY to-9 gg e.u
... u . us
- a. i,ms
**' _M, sn r en=uav e "5
4.-
= .m E sanes a-e -
g__ _ _ _- _ _ r 44 3 49-N
- t3
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p p pp p t =n g
.e l " **
u.e re- '"" I eAv e n -- h1 - M 3
,,, 243
= . au C _ _ _n m. - -
a suNt - C 18 4 ad m.e suuv ae-e p p pp m _ n.n
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AuweT e g g _
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N . E gg ( *d scritMeca ; [1 1 h 48" N . I re- E . 43 ccTesCM e 48-Co-
=
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