NUREG/CR-3509, Summary of 880628 Meeting W/Util in Rockville,Md Re Removal of Temporary Wall Dividing Control Room.Attendee List & Draft NUREG/CR-3509 Encl

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Summary of 880628 Meeting W/Util in Rockville,Md Re Removal of Temporary Wall Dividing Control Room.Attendee List & Draft NUREG/CR-3509 Encl
ML20150E772
Person / Time
Site: Vogtle  
Issue date: 07/08/1988
From: Hopkins J
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
RTR-NUREG-CR-3509 TAC-67079, TAC-68241, NUDOCS 8807150289
Download: ML20150E772 (76)


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{{#Wiki_filter:Nf July 8,O988 ~ Dock'et Nos.: 50-424 and 50-425 LICENSEE: Georgia Power Company 1 FACILITIES:.Vogtle Units 1 and 2

SUBJECT:

SUMMARY

OF MEETING HELD JUNE 28, 1988 TO DISCUSS THE V0GTLE CONTROL ROOH TEMPORARY WALL REMOVAL (TACS 68241 AND 67079) 1 On June 28, 1988,-the NRC staff met with representatives of the Georgia Power Company (GPC) at the NRC offices in Rockville, Maryland to discuss the removal of the temporary wall dividing the control room. Participants are listed in. + i The proposed Vogtle Unit I license amendment of May 19, 1988 describing the removal.of the temporary wall dividing the control room was discussed in i detail. More information on the status of the Unit 2 fire detectors and the radiological dose calculation performed was requested by the NRC staff. The ' licensee stated that they would provide the additional information. Also, at this meeting, the NRC staff provided to GPC a draft copy.of NUREG/CR-3509, "Power Spectral Density Function Com)atible with NRC RG 1.60 Response Spectra," (Enclosure 2),whichisrelatedtotleNRCstaffseismicquestionsofJune15, 1988 on the Vogtle Unit 2 spent fuel racks. t Jon B. Hopkins, Project Manager t Project Directorate II-3 Division of Reactor Projects - I/II

Enclosures:

o As stated cc: See next page k PM:PDII-3 DII-3 JHopkins:pw DMatthews /4/88 1/f/88 8807150289 880708 PDR ADOCK 05000424 P PDC .J

E a nau / o UNITED STATES ~,j NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHWGTON, D, C. 20666 %,*****/ July 8, 1988 Docket Nos.: 50-424 and 50-425 LICENSEE: Georgia Power Company FACILITIES: Vogtle Units 1 and 2

SUBJECT:

SUPMARY OF MEETING HELD JUNE 28, 1988 TO DISCUSS THE V0GTLE CONTROL ROOM TEMPORARY WALL REMOVAL (TACS 68241 AND 67079) On June 28, 1988, the NRC staff met with representatives of the Georgia Power-Company (GPC) at the NRC offices in Rockville, Maryland to discuss the removal of the temporary wall dividing the control room. Participants are listed in. The proposed Vogtle Unit I license amendment of May 19, 1988 describing the removal of the temporary wall dividing the control room was discussed in detail. More information on the status of the Unit 2 fire detectors and the radiological dose calculation performed was requested by the NRC staff. The licensee stated that they would provide the additional information. Also, at this meeting, the NRC staff provided to GPC a draft copy of NUREG/CR-3509, "Power Spectral Density Function Compatible with NRC RG 1.60 Response Spectra," (Enclosure 2), which is related to the NRC staff seismic questions of June 15, 1988 on the Vogtle Unit 2 spent fuel rack:t. ~ /. '/c w a Jon 8. Hopkins, roject Manager Project Directorate II-3 Division of Reactor Projects - I/II l

Enclosures:

i As stated cc: See next page d e

Mr. W. G. Hairston, III Gecrgia Power Company Vogtle Electric Generating Plant cc: Mr. L. T. Gucwa Resident Inspector Manager of Safety and Licensing Nuclear Regulatory Comission Georgia Power Company P.O. Box 572 P.O. Box 4545 Waynesboro, Georgia 30830 Atlanta, Georgia 30302 Deppish Kirkland, III, Counsel Mr. Ruble A. Thomas Office of the Consumers' Utility Executive Consultant Council Southern Company Services, Inc. S'uite 225 P.O. Box 2625 32 Peachtree Street, N.E. Birmingha:n, Alabama 35202 Atlanta, Georgia 30302 Mr. Paul D. Rice James E. Joiner Vice President & Project Director Troutman, Sanders, Lockerman, Georgia Power Company & Ashmore. Post Office Box 282 1400 Candler Building Waynesboro, Georgia 30830 127 Peachtree Street, N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 Mr. J. A. Bailey Project Licensing Manager Danny Feig Southern Company Services, Inc. 1130 Alta Avenue P.O. Box 2625 Atlanta, Georgia 30307 Birmingham, Alabama 35202 Carol Stangler Ernest L. Blake, Jr. Georgians Against Nuclear Energy Bruce W. Churchill, Esq. 425 Euclid Terrace Shaw, Pittman, Potts and Trowbridge Atlanta, Georgia 30307 2300 N Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20037 Mr. R. P. Mcdonald Executive Vice President - Mr. G. Bockhold, Jr. Nuclear Operations General Manager Nuclear Operations Georgia Power Company Georgia Power Company P.O. Box 4545 P.O. Box 1600 Atlants, Georgia 30302 Waynesboro, Georgia 30830 Regional Administrator, Region II U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Comission 101 Marietta Street, N.W., Suite 2900 Atlanta, Georgia 30323 I c

ENCLOSURE 1 ATTENDEES June 28, 1988 N.',C

d. Hopkins C. Nichols D. Shum V. Brownlee V. Hodge Georgia Power Company W. Burns J. Swartzwelder Southern Company Services J. Bailey Bechtel X Wehrenberg l

DISTRIBUTION FOR MEETING

SUMMARY

DATED: July 8, 1988 Facility: Vogtle Electric Generating Plant, Units 1 and 2* TDocket File. NRC PDR Local PDR PDII-3 Reading D. Matthews M. Rood J. Hopkins OGC-WF 15-B-18 E. Jordan MNBB-3302

8. Grimes 9-A-2 C. Nichols 8-D-1 D. Shum 6-H-3 Y.Brownlee RII V. Hodge 11-A-1 ACRS (10)
  • Copies sent to persons on facility. service list

) i l l 1 f0l ' I h

n - a e ENCLOSURE 2 o NURS3/CR-3509 DRAFT RM!R ff!!CFRAL EENSITI PUCTICMS GMRTIBEE METH BBC IG 1.60 RESP 3ESE IWI!CITA M. Shirmuka .T. Mochio and E.F. Samras +. Hardt 1984 [ v s 6\\rf W ,u-c / ) { 'rwi

e s (. d3 l 'mB2 T Cr2frENTS Page Abstract _._111 List of Tables vii List of Figures ix Ackroeledgement xii 1. INTBODUCTICN 1 \\ ( l 2. USE T IW RI-TPJIMI SPECTRI. 3 l 3. USE & ENHANCED IGNAI-TMIMI SPECTRA 10 4. SLM4PJE AND CINCWSIONS 14 l S. REFERENCES 15 l l

e ABSTPET Ammg other possibilities, the Kanal-Tajimi pomr spectral density en-hanced at the higher frequency range is found to be useful for generating ground acceleraticn time histories that satisfy NBC 101.60 requirements. The values of the parameters involved in the spectral density functicrare reccm-mended for this purpose. Also, a suggesticn is made as to in what way the power spectral density requirements can be placed in ocribination with those of the current NIC IG 1.60 to ensure both the response and pcwer spectrun re-quirements. e l l i i l l l -lii-

i LIST CF MBT 2S Table Page 1' Parameter Values 17 2 Lower Bounds 18 3 Prequencies at Wildt W Spectra Are Evaluated 19 e 1 I -vi1-

LIST CF FIGURES ~ Figure Page l Spectral Density (Ensertble Average and Fitted) 20 2 Deterministic Envelope Functicn 21 3 Unclipped and CliW Time Histories 22 4 Unclipped ard Fractionally-Folded Time Histories 23 5 Acceleraticn Time History; Parameter Set No. 1 24 6 Spectral Density Functicns (Initial, Actual and Iamr Bound); Parameter Set No. 1 24 7 Velocity Spectrum; Parameter Set No. 1 25 8 Acceleration Time History; Parameter Set No. 2 26 9 Spectral Density Functicos (Initial, Actual and I4wer Bound); Parameter Set No. 2 27 10 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 2 28 11 Acceleration Time History; Parameter Set No. 3 29 12 Spectral Density Functions (Initial, Actual and Icwer Bound); Parameter Set No. 3 30 13 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 3 31 14 Acceleration Time History; Parameter Set No. 4 32 15 Spectral Density Functions (Initial, Actual and Icwer Bcund); Parameter Set No. 4 33 16 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 4 34 17 Acceleraticn Time History; Parameter Set 1b. 5 35 18 Spectral Density Functicms (Initial, Actual ard Irwer Bcun;); Parameter Set No. 5 36 19 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 5 37 20 Acceleration Time History: Parameter Set No. 6 38 21 Spectral Density Functicns (Initial, Actual and Irwer Bound); Parameter Set No. 6 39 22 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 6 40 23 Acceleration Time History; Parameter Set No. 7 41 24 Spectral Density Functions (Initial, Actual and Lcwer Bound); Parameter Set No. 7 42 25 Velocity Spectrun; Parameter Set No. 7 43 26 Acceleration Time Hir ory; Parameter Set Ib. 8 44 -1x-c

27 Spectral Density Punctions (Initial, Actual and Lcwer Bound); Parameter Set No. 8 45 28 Velocity Spectrum; Parameter Set No. 8 46 29 Acceleraticn Tina History; Parameter Set No. 9 47 30 Spectral Density IMnctions (Initial, Ac+.ual and Ioer Bound); Parameter Set No. 9 -48 31 Velocity Spectrum; Parameter Set No. 9 49 32 Acceleraticn Tina History Parameter Set No. 10 50 33 Spectral Density Functicns (Initial, Actual and Lower Bound); Parameter Set,No. 10 51 34 Velocity Spectrtsn; Paranater Set No. 10 52 35 Spectral Density (Initial, Actual ard Ixwor Bound); Parameter Set No.1 in Arithmetical Scale 53 36 Pcwer Spectral Density Enhancement Factx F(w) 54 37 Acceleraticn Time History; Enhanced and Parameter Set No. 1 55 38 Spectral Density Functions (Initial ard Actual); Enhanced and Parameter Set No. 1 56 39 Spectral Density Functicos (Initial and Smoothed over 'IWo Points); Enhanced and Parameter Set !b.1 57 40 Spectral Density Functions (Initial and Sm30thed over Four Points); EnN nced and Parameter Set No. 1 58 41 Spectrisu Velocity fx a Danping Ratio 0.5%; i Enhanced and Parameter Set No. 1 59 42 Velocity Spectrtan fx a Dsnping Ratio 3%; Enhanced and Parameter Set Ib.1 60 43 Velocity Spectrum for a Danpirs Ratio 5%; Enhanood and Parameter Set No. 1 61 44 Velocity Spectrun fx a Danping Ratio 7%; Enhanced and Parameter Set No. 1 62 45 Velocity Spectrun fx a Danping Ratio 10%; Enhanced and Parameter Set 16.1 63 l l l -x-r

i 4 t r AGNOWLEDGD4EtR The authors would like to express their appreciaticn to D N. Chokshi' and,D. Jeng of NRC for their advice and support daring various phases of this ) .b' study. 'Ihanks are also due to Ms. Franck for typing this report. o 9 1 -xiii-l -.. -. - _ _. _.. _.. ~.,. - _. ...,_----._,,e

~ 1. ItfrR000CTIW It is often practical to use a sinulated ground acceleration time history fcr the analysis ard desicp1 of structures subjected to earthquake grmnd no-tiens. Frcza the viewpoint of frequency as well as time &nain &aracteriza-tim, it is advisable to censider su& a sinulated tina history as emanple ihmetion of a (parent) randan mm. hith this in mind, quite sophisticated digital sinulaticn te&niques were developal over the years by one of the 3 resent authrs and his e-~ iates. 'Iha te&niques were first presented in a n e ber of earlier papers [e.g., 1,2,3], used in a variety of applications [e.g., 4,5,6,73 and annarized in asf. 8. Sese techniques are prinarily based cn the spectral representaticn of Gaussian randan yrvcesses with the usual pcwer spectral density function [9] cr with the evoluticmary pcwor spectral density functicn [10]. W e techniques can deal with (a) nulti-dimensicral randcru processes, i.e., randcm functicos of not cnly tine but also spatial ocordinates and time (e.g., a ground ac-celeraticn history over an area of ground surface); (b) nultivariata (vecttr) randan processes (e.g., two horizontal and one vertical wv.mts of acceleraticn histories); c (c) nulti-dimensicnal ard r.ulti-variate randan processes (e.g., cmbina-I ticms of the above); t (d) ter.porally nonstationary and spatially non-hcurogeneous evoluticnary randan processes, other methods of digital sinulation are also available. Typical exanples are the methods for sinulating sanple functions of filtered Poissm processes (e.g.,ll,12] and of Alem and related ranckzu Irocess nodela [e.g., 13,14,15 16]. In the present study, hcwever, a ncnstationary Gaussian randc:n process &aracterized by the spectral representaticn is used as the parent randczn pro-cess from whi& sanple functicns are generated. In fact, this ncn-staticnary randan grocess is a v4=1 case of the evoluticnary process in the sense that it is obtained as a product of the stationary process of a spectral represen-taticn and a deterministic envelope function. Se purpose of this study is then to ocmstruct the pcwor spectral density functica of a parent stationary grocess in such a way that the sanple function ce sanple functions of the parent prrmaa satisfy NIC IG 1.60. Se spectral 1 l,

density functicn rrust satisfy the additicnal requirement that it be a stooth functicn of the frequency so that no apparent lade of pcwer exists over any frequency windows. mis requiranant is to ciniate the construction and even-tual use in dosip of power spectral density functions deficient in their pcw-er spectral distributicn cuer certain frequemcy windows. Werefore, if a pcw-er spectral density functicn without such a deficiency con be develg; ped and is used in generating an acceptable acceleraticn time history (acceptable in the sense that it satisfies NIC BG 1.60), it will help dispel the crncern that the corresponding power spectral dormity of an acceptable time history my be deficient over certain critical frequency windoas. 1 . r

2. USE T IGNAI-TMIMI SPETRA With the aid of a modified version of the SIMEE caputer program (Ref. 17), fifty (50) earthquake ground accelersticos are generated in Ref.18 gen-erally satisfying NRC IU l.60 for a danping ratio of 2%. Also in Ref. 18, the underlying power spectral density functions which are used to genedte"the fifty ground acceleraticms are plotted. Each of these p: war spectral density functions exhibits a wild fluctuaticn over the renge of frequency values ocn-sidered. hirthermore, the way in sich it fluctuates is cpite randczn, although each power spectral density functicn generates a response spectrun that in general caplies with NRC R31.60 as mentioned earlier. 'Ihe SDGE p%sau involves an iteraticn process, as any other similar algorithms cb, which aucynants ce reduces the current spectral density value at frequency w by S,y(w) = S (w) (1) g g where R(w) is the target respcnse spectrum value, S (w) and S,y(w) h M-g g ues of the pwer spectral density at the erx1 of the i-th and (i+1)-th itera-tions, respectively, and X is a constant. In the Eresent study, the SDOE p %sau is nodified cn the basis of the sensitivity study detailai in. .~.19 wo that k = 2.5 is used instead of k = 2.0 as suggested in the original ver-sicn. In the present study, a pcwer spectral density functicn is to be deter-mined which has an analytically prescribed fom and can be used, together with a deteministic envelope functicn, to generate ground acceleration time his-tories capatible with NRC R31.60. Preferably, such a power spectral density function satisfies the folicwing crnditions: (a) the analytical form is rela-tively sinple, (b) it is encoth over the frequency range of interest, and (c) its corresponding transfer functicn permits I ysical interpretaticos of the h basic seismic mechanism. In order to accmplish this difficult task, the fol-Icwing p-@ve is taken. (a) Select anong other possible candidates the Kanal-Tajimi spectral density functicn (Ref. 20) which satisfies ncet of the ocniitions described above. It is pointed cut, h: wever, that second-order and -

higher spectral ncriants & rx:rt exist for the Kanai-Tajimi form and t therefore cauticn nust be exercised if suds arments are rW in the analysis. (b) With the aid of the least square method, fit a Kanai-Tajimi spectral density functicn to the ensertble average of thi fifty spectral den-sity functions cbtained in Ref. 18. Figure 1 shws the annentle aver-age, whidt still exhibits scme fluctuaticns, together with the snooth-ly fitted (cne-sided) Kanai-Tajimi density S I")# O 1 + 4C (w/w )2 g g "8 W g1 _ g,j,g)2 2,4g 4,7,g)2 2 0 0 3 where SO = 1140 in /sec, w = 10.66 rad /sec and C = 0.9793. g g Figure 1 ccnfirns that, with an appropriate choice of the parameters involved, the Kanal-Tajimi fom can represent reascnably well those underlying pcwer spectral density functions used to generate ground acceleraticn histories that satisfy R31.60 respcnse spectra [213 (c) Having nade such a ccnfirnatico, use Ms. 3 and 4 to generate ground acceleraticn tire histories in the folicwing fonm l l l z (t) = g(t)C (t) (3) 0 0 E(t)=/2~)y MIO %) 0" '"* I%t + *k} I4) O l 1 where S (w) is the Kanai-Tajimi spectral density functicn with w = O g in the expressicn 10.66 rad /sec ard C = 0.9793. 'Ihe parameter SO g l for S (w) Eq. 2 h to M h h M M h M m ults. O i In 4 3, g(t) is a deterministic ncn-dimensicnal envelope function as shown in Fig. 2. 'Ihe sunmaticn in Eq. 4 is acccrrplished by means of the Fast Fourier Transform ( E P) technique (Raf. 2) with g = kaw, au = w /N (5) u l r

and $ representing a sequence of independent realizaticns of the k rande variable e uniformly distributed between 0 and 2x. Each sequence of ( will produce a sanple functicn, which is in fact l C (t) in M. 4, f a staticnary Gaussian randcm process with mean 0 l zero and pcwer spectral density function S (u). e ty w O u in Eq. 5 is the largest natural frequency value considered.in this study; o = NAw = 51.2 x 2x rad /sec (N = 1,024) (6) u where each sinulated record of 20 seoced cbratico is generated at 2N (= 2,048) time points equally spaced at an interval at of 20/2,048 = 0.00988 sea:nds, thus satisfying the Nyquist requirenant. (d) We artificial acceleraticn generated by Ms. 3 and 4 usually out-crosses the ilG 1evels fran tine to time. Hcwever, the acceleraticn time histories generated in this study should have peak ground accel-eraticos equal to 1G (in the absolute value sense). Se nest straight-forward my to acomplish this is to clip the values of the underly-ing stationary history 2 (t) outside the ilG range as schematically 0 shoan in Fig. 3. Parenthetically, it is notod that a similar approach was also taken in the SDOG: program. In Fig. 3, C (t) indicates the y clipped versicn of C (t). The grourd acceleraticn is then sinulated 0 bY z (t) = g(t)C (t) (7) 1 t mwwine of the clipping, it is epite possible that $ (t) looks 1 overly unnatural. W erefore, the prevwhire of "fractional fold-ing" is intrM M. his procedure will produce a staticnary time histcay2(t)asshcwninFig.4; thatpartofU(.)outsidethe 2 O i1G range will be folded into the range after being nultiplied by a factor r (0 < r < 1). In this way, the resulting artificial accel- .eraticn E (t) given by 2 E(t)=g(t)U(t) (8) 2 2.

will have a less unnatural appearance. (e) %e respcose spectra of the artificial earthquake acceleraticos E (t) cr N (t) thus generated, with chosen values of the parameters y 2 IX, S ' as shcun in Table 1, are then evaluated. Se O r m parameter IX identifies the sequence g used in aq. 4. If a gen- ~ erated e.rtificial earthquake doeo not satisfy NRC Ki 1.60 reqtlire-monts, another artificial earthquake with a different set of parameter i values will be generated. mis is repeated until the desired nunber of artificial earthquakes satisfying the requirements are generated. t (f) Finally, the power spectral density functions S (w) and S (*)'

      • ~

y 2 F pectively of C (t) and C (t) are a:mputed to be acnpared with S I"I* y 2 O i me sans values of w, N and R are M M M @ticn. n I Ten artificial earthquakes for the case of a 2% danping ratio are generated with ten sets of parameter values listed in Table 1. Fcr exanple, an artificial 2 3 earthquake with parameter set No. 1 is characterized by SO = 1100 in /sec, 10% folding boycrx1 ilG (r = 0.1) ard a duraticn of 20 seccnds with a linear rise t.nd decay tine of 5 seccods at each end of' the 20 =amx! daracion. We sequence cf randcm phase angles is identified by IX = 6655 which is actually a ~ seed runber to initiate the sequerre in the aanputer program that generatas the randcm nunters. %e ganarated acceleration history E (t) is plotted in Fig. 5, and the 2 pcwor spectral density S I") f C (t) and the resp nse spectrun associated ' 2 2 with z (t) in Figs. 6 and 7, respectively. Nine other Jets of three figurtre 2 pictting the generated acceleraticn histories, pcwer spectral densities and respcnse spectra fx parameter set Nos. 2-10 are also plotted in Figs. 8-34. In these figures, 5 5") 8 I"} I" 8 (w)) are r=.p ct.ively referred to as 0 1 2 the "initial" and "actual" pcwer spectral dansity functions. Returning to the artificial earthquake =_- M ated with parameter set No. 1, Fig. 6 shows that the pcwer spectral density of the underlying stationary process f (t) exhibits considerable fluctuaticn particularly in the high fre-2 quency range because of the fractional folding inplemented. For the pirpose I of ccmparisco, the initial Kar.ai4ajimi density S (w) (with SO = 1100 O 2 3 in /sec, w = 10.66 rad /sec and C = 0.9793) used fcr the generaticn of g g C (t) and eventually of z (t) is also shcwn by a solid smooth curve in Fig. 0 0 a es t f id-6. A cxmparison between S I"} 2 O.

ing tends to ckwngrade the spectral density over the entire frequency range with ocmsiderable fluctuaticn at the higher frequency range as mentioned above. It is important to cbserve, however, that, unlike those pcwer spectral densities conputed for the 50 artificial earthquakes generated in Ref.18, the i fluctuation is ret capletely randcm in the present case. Indeed, it appears possible to fit a icwer bound, again in the fom of a Kanal-Tajimi1pectrum, to the pcwer spectral density S (w). h dashed curve in Fig. 6 represents 2 such a 1cwer bound with the set of values for S ' "g and C shcwn in Table 2. O g l %e result fcr parameter set No. 2 indicates that the clipping of C (t) be-0 ymd ilG instead of the 10% fractional folding gives rise to little change (as capared with the result for parameter set 1b.1) in either the artificial ac-celeraticn history itself, its pcwer spectral density cr the corresponding response spectrian. Similarly, the result for parameter set No. 3 shcws that a moderate alteraticn in the detenninistic envelope functicn g(t) also produces little effect cn these same quantities. For this reason, the same Irwar bound as that for the case of parameter set No. 1 can apply to the cases of parame-ter set Nos. 2 and 3. In Table 2, the values of the Kanai-Tajimi parameters for the icwer bounds are listed not cnly for parameter set Nos.1-3 but also for other set ruubers. %ese kwer bounds are also plottM in the figures where the spectral density functions are shown. Se apparent difference betwee:2 the response spectra shcwn in Figs. 7 and 13 ard the spectrtri shcwn in Fig.10 is not due to the intrinsic difference in the corresponding artificial acceleraticn histories, but due to the selecticn of 75 frequency pointa fcr plotting the response spectra fcr the ratificial earthquakes with parameter set tbs.1 and 3 as oppceed to the selection of 228 frequerr f points fcr the case of parametar set No. 2. In this respect, the e spectra for the e.rtificial earthqpakes with garameter set me. 4-7 are also plotted at 75 frequency points, whereas 228 frequery points are used for those with parameter set ms. B-10. % e values of these 75 and 228 fre-quency points are ireiicatai in Table 3. We artificial earthquake with parameter set No. 4 examines the effect 2 3 2 3 of increasing S fr n 1100 in 7,,c to 1700 in 7,,c. As seen frcm Eqs. 3 O and 4, the stardard deviation of the underlying static' nary process C (D) i" 0 this case is 1.24 (= /1700/1100) times greater than the C (t) obtained for 0 parameter set Nos. 1-3. herefore, the clipping nust be inglenanted at a greater ramtber of tmporal locaticos during its 20 secord duration. We tirpe --. -. - - - -

history shown in Fig.14, in cx:npariscn with those in Figs. 5, 8 and 11, clearly exhibits that particular appearance characteristic of acceleraticm histories resulting fran frequent clippings. Se artificial earthquakes with parameter set Nos. 5, 6 and 7 are gen-arated in crder to demcmstrate prinarily the effects of 100% folding. When 1100 N sec3 (set Nos. 5 and 6), Ma e S h as as O plete folding leads to a significant Icss of pcwor at hi@er frequency ranges as shoan in Figs.18 and 21. The loss is greater in the case of set no. 5 be-cause d (t) in this case is 1.17 (= /1500/1100) timesgreaterthanthek(t) O O in the case of set No. 6 ard hence the magnitude of folding is that inx:h greater, thus leading to a greater Icss of the power spectral density, par-ticularly at higher frequency ranges. On the other hand, the artificial earthquake with parameter set No. 7 has a much staller value of SO 0" U# 8 2 3 400 in /sec ard hence 8 (t) ard hence $'0(t) rarely exceal the ilG bounds. 0 %erefore, practicany no folding is necessary throu@out its duraticn, thus resulting in a 1xwer spectral densi.ty of 2 (t) almost identical to the ini-2 tial Kanal-Tajimi power spectral density. However, chas to the ladc of power, the artificial earthquake E (t) in this case does not satisfy NRC M 1.60 2 reqairements (see Fig. 25). %e artificial oarthquakes with parameter set Nos. B-10 are generated to denonstrate the effects of using different sequences of randan phase angles. Figures 26-34 shcw that the resulting differences in the artificial accelera-tien histories, power spectral densities and response spectra are noe. signifi-l cant. We cbservaticn of the response spectra derived frcm the tan artifici t1 earthquakes generated in thin study irrlicates that au these artificial earthquakes, except the cne with parameter set No. 7, satisfy NRC N 1.60 j, requirements reascnably won. Icwever, frcm the viewpoirt of selecting those i artificial earthquakes that pcssess pcur spectral densities with the least anount of fluctuatico, only those with parameter set Nos.1-3 and B-10 any be rec - ded for possible use in design. Further discussion cn this point l win be given in the foncwing secticn. l In Ref.18, the pcwor spectral densities are plotted in such a way that the ordinate represents the pver spectral density in arithmetic scale while the abscissa the frequency in Hr. in logarithmic scale. For ease of crmpari-i scm, Fig. 35 plots the initial Kanai-Tajimi spectrum, actual spectrtrn and its. -,,.. --_

1 e s f> a Imer M for the artificial earthquake with paramter set No.1 cn such semi-icg paper, e f h 1C59 -

i 3. USE CF Dam MRI-T7JDiI SPECTRA '1he procedure described above for the generaticn of artificial earth-quakes does not have direct control over the shape and intensity of the re-sultirxJ pcwer spectral densities, althcxxp it does produce spectral densities with significantly fewer randczn fluctuations cx:npared with those gegez:ated in Ref. 18. h prMrs is ncw revised so as to achieve nore direct ocntrol over the pcwer spectral density. 'Ihe revision cxmaists rainly of "spectral density enhancement" ard "sucothing." h spectral density enhancement is achieved by nultiplying the (initial) Kanai-Tajimi spectrum S (w) W a fam F(w); O 1+p(h)2 F(w) = 1 + q(" )2 e in.which p, q and w an W en. In de g es e M y, p = 8.0, q = 1.0 c and w = 500 rad /sec have been used. Figure 36 shcws the behavior of F(w) c = F(2xf) as a functicn of f (Hz) under these ocniiticns. It is noted that F(w) + y/q as e + = F(w) + 1 as w + 0 (10) I F(w)=fy 1 for w = c q c '1 hen, using in 4 4 the trhancrxl initjal prwr spectral density S (w) such that S ("} " 8 (w) F(w) (11) O 0 the correspcnding staticnary pocess ((t) can be generated. Furthernere, + depending cm whether C (t) is clipped boycn1 ce fracticnally folded at the 9 i ilG level, C (t) and C (t) can be constructed. Finally, the artificial 1* 2* earthquakes z (t) and z (t) are cbtained as y 2 i. -

) z (t) = g(t) C (t) (i=1,2) (12) g e The artificial earthquake z (t) a=wiated with parameter set No.1 in 2 Table 1 is generated with the enhanced spectral density functica given in M. 11 and is plotted in Fig. 37. Figure 37 shows that the (t) thus generatsi is virenally identical to that shown in Fig. 5 &ae prinarily to thedact that j the effect of the enhancement is significant only in the hicper frequency l range where the power spectral density values are an an order of magnitude smaller than those in the Icwor frequency range. Figure 38 plots the spectral density s (w} f the underlying stationary process (2(t). In Fig. 38, l 2 S I"I' " D 8 (w), is shown by a snooth solid curve. Ccmpariscm of Fig. 38 l O 0 with Fig. 6 clearly indicates that S (w) is located generally above S (")' 2 2 and considerably above S (w) (in 1 garithmic scale) in the higher frequency 2 ranges. 'Ihus, the enhancement, as introduced in the form of M. 9, affects the time history very little, but upgrades the w gding power spectral 4 e density S (w) tringing it up cxmsiderably closer to S (w), particularly at 2 O hiti frequency ranges. 'Iherefore, a target power spectral density functicm O S (w) nay be introduced in such a my that the actual power spectral densities O ce the artificial earthquakes nust not in below S (w) = y S (w) crcugnout me o frapency range to be ex:msidered, with the parameter y = 0.85 1.0, fx ex-anple. Figures 39 and 40 shcw ar.octhed versicns of the Sh(w) in Fig. 38. In Fig. 39, the smcathirg is performed by neans of the noving avurage mauxad ire I volving te ar.2ccessive frequency points (ug and w,7) M h awrage al-g ues plotted at og as 5 (w). In Fig. 40, however, the averaging is made on 2 four values of S ("} at wy, wy,y, w +2 ard w +3

  • "* "9" # #

2 i i plotted at w,y as 5,2(w). It is noted that the frequency increment Aw g (rad /sec) cr Af (Hz) between the two successive frequencies og and wg41 is very ann 11. Indee], M. 6 indicates that Aw = 51.2 x 2x/1,024 = 0.314 rad /sec or af = 0.05 Hz. As is well known, the tredact of the power spectral density and the square of the absoluta frequency response function represents the response pcwor spectral density mder the assumed stationarity of the input ;rocesses. 'Ihe integral of the response power spectral density will then provide the mean square value of the response. 'Iherefore, if the absolute frequency response function is snooth over the fw bard in which each noving average is ta-Xen, the pray==3 anoothing is justifiable in the sense that the integral is expected to be note x less the same with w without smoothing. Each frequen-cy tand over 4tich mach a snoothness is required nust be larger than aw in the case of the two point nrwing average while it nust be larger than 3aw for the fauc point average. In viev of the fact that aw is fairly anall, a snoothing involving even nore than four frequency points nay not be unreasonable. h justification just given is based cm the staticnarity assunpticn. Hcwever, it also applies, at least in approxinaticn, to the case involving nonstaticm-ary input per-mes hn the rz:nstaticnarity is characterized by an envelope functicn as shcwn in Fig. 2 whict) has a relatively dominant staticnary seg-ment. '1he najor point here is that such a ancothing involving cnly four frequency points has ocmsiderably reduced the extent of fluctuaticn S)(w) particularly in higher frequency ranges and, at the sana time, has enhanced the pcwer spectral density so that the stoothed density 5)(w) is nuch closer to and even atove S (w) in s ne frequency ranges (see Fig. 40). In fact, the O most adverse difference between S (w) and 5 (w) in Fig. 40 is cbserved in the g neighbarbocxl of f = 0.2 Hz with 5 (w) being approxinately 15% belcw the tar-2 get. h above observation leads to the folicwing r+ -- -r&ticn, albeit pre-liminary: an additional 5ement to NE M 1.60 be introducal in such a way that for an artificial ground acceleraticn time history to be acceptable for design, it nust not only produm respcnse spectra fee designated danping ratios that anvelepe frcn above the speci?ied respcose spectra h:t alm pen-sess a pcwer spectral density which is no less than the prescribed percentage of the target spectral desity everywhere in the frequency range censidered. '1he percentage nay be 854 and the target spectral density nay be of the fonn 0N M,w = M.66 M sec W C = 0.M93. of a Kanai-Tajimi with SO= g g 'the time history (Fig. 37) generated cn tha tasis of the enhanced spec-tral density Sh(w) as the initial sW density, generally satirfies NRC l PG 1.60 for danping ration other than 2%. In fact, Figs. 41-45 plot the res-l ponse spectra===~ 4=ted with this tine history fcr danping ratics of 0.5, 3, 5, 7 and 10%. All these spectra generally satisfy NRC M 1.60. Finally, ccaments are offered with respect to tlw validity of using the pcwer spectral density functicos===~ 4ated with the stationary promas &g(t) (i=0,1,2) to examine if the pcwer centent is snoothly distributed over the frequency range. A nere rigorcus analysis, for exanple, with the aid of the l

convolution integral in the frequency &nain, will probably verify the validi-ty, at least in approximaticm. '1he folicwing observations, hoever, appear to support the validity fran a nore practical point of view. (* lX(w)l 1 (1 o,1,2) (13) s (w) = 2x (t, + t ) 1 y for relatively large values of t, he X (w) is the Pburiar transform of m 1 g(t)c (t). 1 (b) 'Iha frequency ckmain rs:[uirements nust also be crncise and easily inplementable. l l I l l l l i,, i. - -

4. SLM9JU AND CI2KIDSIONS A nothod of generating artificial ground acceleratico histories is pre-The method consists of (1) generating a sanple functicn [0(t) of a sented. stationary Gaussian promas with zero mean and prescribed ' initial".scwer spectral density functicn S (w); (2) constructinj a sanple Men &y(t) by O clipping or C (t) by fractionally folding C (t) boycod the ilG 1evel; and (3) 2 0 nultiplying C (t) or C (t) by a ncn-dimensb: mal deterministic envelope func-y 2 tion g(t) so that the artificial acceleration history z(t) can be cbtained eitheras2(t)=g(t)d(t) ore (t)=g(t)2(t). 1 y 2 2 The duraticn of the earthqske is assumed to be 20 seamds and the enve-Icpe function g(t) is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid with a 10 (or 16) seccod duraticn of constancy at the level of unity, prer=iai by a 5 (or 2) seccnd period of linear rise frczu zero and folicwed by a 5 (or 2) second lin-ear decay to zero. Amcng other possibilities, the Kanai4ajimi form is usei for the initial power spectral density function. Unlike nost artificial earthquakes designed to satisfy the prescribed respcmse spectra cnly, the proper choice of values 2 3 of the parameters involved in the Kanai-Tejimi spectnan (SO = 1100 in /sec, w = 10.66 rad /sec and C = 0.9793) and use of the above Wh os (1) - (3) g g produced acceptable acceleraticr. histories with the actual Eover spectral den-sity functicn Which naintains the spectral density sufficiently cicae to the initially grescribed spectral deraity thrcughout the frequency range, particu-larly f.f it is saembed. A prel1Jninary soggesticn was also made as to the requirements for the initial poder spectral density functicm to be added to those of NBC Iti 1.60 in order to ensure toth the respcmse and p:wer spectrum requiremarts. - -.

i 5. REFERENGS 1. Shinocuka, M. ard Jan, C.-M., "Digital Sirrulaticn of Randan Processes and Its Applicaticns," Journal of Scund and Vibraticn, Vol. 25, No.1,1972. 2. Shinozuka, M., "Digital St=11atim of Randcrn Processes in Engineering Me-chanics with the Aid of FFT Technique," Stochastic Problens in_ Mechanics, edited bf S.T. Ariaratnam and H.H.E. leipholz, (Waterloo: University of Watarloo Press), 1974. 3. Shinosuka, M., ">tnte Carlo Soluticm of Structural Dynamics," Interna-ticnal Journal of Ccmputers and Structures, Vol. 2,1972. 4. Yang,. J.-N., "Sinulaticn of Randan Envelcpe Processes," Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 21, 1972. 5. Valcaitis, R., minozuka, M. and Takeno, M., "Parametric Study of Wind Loadirg on Structures," Journal of the Structural Divisicn, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. Sr3, 1973. 6. Iyengar, R.N. and Shinozuka, M., "Effect of Self-Weight and Vertical Ac-celeraticn on the Behavice of Tall Structures Durirg Earthquake," Joumal of Earthquake Engineering ard Structural Dynamics, Vol.1,1972, p. 69-78. 7. Vaicaitis, R., D:well, E.H. ard Ventres, C.S, "Ncnlinear Panel Responses bf a Mcoto T.Arlo Approach," Journal el the American Ilmtitute of Aaro-nautics and Astronautics, Vol.12, No. 5, May 1974, pp. 685-691. 8. Shir.ozuka, M., "Tine ard Space Donain Analys!.4 in the St uc+.aral Bella-bility Assessment," PrWLogs of the 2nd International Ctnference m Structural Safety disliability, Punich, Geranny, 1977. 9. CnrSr, H. and Imadbetter, M.R., Staticnazy ard Related Stochastic Pro-- ceases, (NY: Jchn Wiley & Sens, Inc. ),1961, g.128-143.

10. Priestley, M.B., "Emlutionary Spectra ard Nonstaticnary Processes,"

Jcurr.al of the kval Sta*fstica_l Scciety, Vol. 27,1%5.

11. Shinceuka, M. ani Sato, Y., "Shula^.itm of Nonstaticnary lardan Pro-cesses," Jcurnal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 93,1%7, pp.11-40.
12. Lin, Y.K., Pr*hilistic 'Iheory of Structural Dynamics (NY: Krieger),

1976.

13. Reed, D. A. and Scanlan, R.H., "ARIMA Representaticn of 'Ihrbulence Spectra and Icngitudinal Integral Scales," presented at the Joint Conference of the U.S.-Japan Cocperative Program in Natural Resources, 'Itkyo, Japan, May 1901.
14. Spanos, P 4.D. and knsen, J.E., "Linear Prediction 'Ihoory for Digital Sinulaticn of Sen Waves," Jcurnal of Energy Resources Technology, ASME,,

Vol. 103, 1981, pp. 243-249.

15. mang, M.K. et al., "AR4A M:x$els for Earthquake Ground Motiond," Opera-tions Research Center Tachnical Report OIC 79-1, University cf Californ-la, Berkeley, January 1979.

' 16. Samaras, E., Shinceuka, M. and Tsurui, A., "ARMA 2 del Representaticn of Randcm Processes," Technical Report No. NSF-CEE-80-1927!H:E~.., empartment of Civil mgineering and Engineering Mechanics, Colurtia Un.tversity, June 1983, accepted for publicaticn in the Jcumal of Structural Engineerirx3, ASG. l

17. User's Manual, "SIMOGr A Fr @ =L for Artificial m ticn Generation," De-partment of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Nc>-

ve ter 1976.

18. Shinozuka, M., Sararas, E.F. and Brcwn, P., "Generaticn of Synthetic Earthquake Ground Acceleraticn Satisfying NR: IG 160 Requirements," Tech-i nical Report mim'itted to NBC, March 1983.
19. Shinosuka, M. and Sanaras, E.F., "Optinun Value of the Power k in the Power Im Updating the Spectral Density in Generating Artificial Dirth-quakes," in preparaticn.
20. Kanai, K., "Semi-Enpirical Ebraula for the Seismic Garacteristics of the Ground," Bulletin of the Earthriuake Research Institut_e, University of Tokyo, Vol. 35, July 19.57, pp. 309-325.

21. Ellirspood, B. ard Batts, M., "Characterizaticn of Earthgaake Forces for Probabilistic Based Design of: m clear Structures," U.S. Naclear Regula-tory Ccmnissicn Report NURB3/CR-2945, Septetber 1932,

e Table 1 Parameter Values 4 f[ 3 F1 ures IX SO (in /sec ) 9 r tr (sec) t, (sec) 1 5, 6, 7 6655 1100 0.1 'S 10 2 8, 9, 10 6655 1100 clipped 5 10 j y 3 11, 12, 13 6655 1100 clipped 2 16 i 4 14, 15, 16 6605 1700 clipped 5 10 5 17, 18, 19 32767 1500 1.0 5 10 6 20, 21, 22 32767 1100 1.0 5 10 7 23, 24, 25 32767 400 1.0 5 10 8 26, 27, 28 1313 1140 clipped 5 10 i 9 29, 30, 31 4 1140 clipped 5 10 y 10 32, 33, 34 481 1140 clipped 5 10 m = 10.66 rad /sec and c = 0.9793 for all sets g g

!!i}) l'1lll; g I 8 8 8 2 3 2 2 2 9 2 2 2 3 0 5 5 5 c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 )ces / 0 0 0 5 0 3 9 9 s d 0 0 0 5 6 6 6 6 d a n r 6 6 6 5 6 5 5 5 u ( o B ,g r e w o L ) 3 c 2 e s e / 7 7 7 4 6 6 6 6 l 2 7 7 7 9 7 7 7 7 b n 7 7 7 9 6 7 7 7 a i s = T ( O S t. eo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 SN 1 I5, l

e Table 3 Frequencies at Which Response Spectra Are Evaluated 1 75 Points (Set Nos. 1, 3-7) 228 Points (Set Nos.,2, 8-10) i Range (Hz) Increment (Hz) Range (Hz) Increment (Hz) 0.2 -.i. 0 0.10 0.1 - 20.0 0.10 3.0 - 3.6 0.15 20.0 - 34.0 0.50 3.6 - 5.0 0.20 5.0 - 8.0 0.25 8.0 - 15.0 0.50 i 15.0 - 18.0 1.00 i 18.0 - 22.0 2.00 22.0 - 34.0 3.00 r 7 l -

I 2 3 in /sec 8800 r r-- l l l l 3 l 5000 r-2 5 = 1140 in /sec" i 0 l e = 10.66 rad /sec 9 c = 0.9793 l M ) E o ,1 1 2 8 U E m 2000 = 1 0 1 f Diz) 10 10 10 Fig. I Spectral Density (knsemble Average and Fitted)

q k,

  1. g, 1

,S(t) 1.0 ~ ~ - - - i I i i 8 .i I 8 m " L r ~~ t t g r m r i Fig. 2 Deterministic Envelope Function J f ~21-J

m h5(t),2(t) 0 1 il.c0(t) / 'V\\ clipped 1 G ',I i 3 i(t) 1 >t -1G-------- 1 I'/ S clipped i f Fig. 3 Unclipped and Clipped Time Histories h 2 (t), 2 (t) 0 2 A/ E (t) O s l a \\ 1G 1(t) 2 >t l -1G i' i '\\ j Gi / o l [ t Fig. 4 Unclipped and Fractionally-Folded Time Histories c

k i u 8 ~ ~ i a g z T m b 5 c-o d D a 3= b's 8 'a 2 O i m b C " u 8, o 1 (4)2z uopeaatoosy punoag -,,,n-,,

1 o N ht e S re t I emar I.t a s P } d \\ n s u o s B 8 N ) r z e s' w i l( o L r f d s n a la u t s% c A l ~ a i 0 t i n m I ( s no i t c _f nu F y t isn _x e D 8 lar tc ep S 6 g i F 3 c es / 2 2 n i 4 3 2 1 g 1 g 0 0 0 0 0 . i 1 1 1 1 1 ^3."m D &S %E%& aub'

)z H ( t' f 1 .o N t g e 0 S 1 -re temara P m 6 u A 1 r t G c R e p C S RN y t ico le V 7 .g i F ces / g n ih g 1 0,. 0 0 0 01 l 1 1 1 xe u

  • e$;2

.I: ,U* }

k 'O a aus N w b 3 2 e l G w 3 .= Ep 8s 22 8 N ~ e b i U OR e 1 i 's s 5 s r (2)I z uopeaatacoy punoag

a 2 ~ ' 0 1 o N te S re l 8 t s em s ara P s ) d s n s u s o B s = ) r z e n w s ( o L \\ d f n s a s la u ^ t c A 0 I 0 l e 1 a i t in I ( s 4-no i tcnu f y t a is ~ ne D lar tcep S 3 c 9 e s f g E i n F i 0 g-4 3 8 i 0 0 0 0 0 _ 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 vD pS Tb8g ,wu iii. .1IIlI i iI;;l;i!:' a j' )

t i ; )z I. H ( f = 2 1 o 0 N 1 te S re te nara P A 0 6 m 1 ur G t R ce C p R S N y t ico le V 0 1 g i F c e s / n i = 3 a 1 0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 y oO%> e8 Io. 8u; I J ,ll1il, ijiIil:litI!;iII14 }

_4 m-4 e ,a 4 9 O cb 4.. y = 9 0 W b E ab to Q. bb O a O C e G ,.e eo 'beb U W VV4 l 4 e or 4 \\ t i "om W c 9 e e4 I l I go pe.10(B33V E I e o e 29- . ~ _ _ _ _.., _ _, _.... _.. _. -. - - _.. -... _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _.,. - - - - - - - _. -,.

9 'h 0' 4 L$' c' %^% 4 3 4 g Dd / \\ / / . s' S / + l s / p' / ',/ . / / / / / / s / / / / e 7/ d /

  1. /

S s G s q' b g g# / s s ~ / 5 h / e e (m)Is 425 sued leJgoads S em e e49, \\ \\ \\ x 'A

O )z t i( I. f = 3 a if 1 0 t 1 e S re t em ara P 06 1 n G u R r t C c R e N p S y t ico le V 3 1 g i F c es /n 1

  • i h

81 0 1 1 1 n n E)%>eET5-I l-u'i i t t.i<J! j i;i! 4Ii -1i 4'iiitI\\i,ks!;11\\iii.

2 ~.- G 5. l ~ a a a 2 E b o 3 Ep 8 L b N ~ n cA I N 8 5 3 uq 2 e W Y (2)I,z uopeaatacoy punoa9 [

1l1lI l 4 2 0 1 o N te S re t ema I ra P ) ) d z n x H u s ( o B s A r f e w s o N L ) s dn a .N la x u tc A 0 0 l 1 a i t in I ( sno v i t A cnu f y t i s h n e D lar tcep S 5 1 ce s g / i n 2 F 3 2 1 O i - i 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 m xgEa 7fc t . i. ,w Y )

, ~ l ) iz i( t h ~ 4 .o l f t e 0 S \\ 1 r e te ma r a P a r u m r 0 t 6 c 1 e p G S P y C t R i t co le V 6 1 g i F ces /n i = 3 2 1 0 _0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 3 );{ 53 %= I 1

k B 8 ~ m "d" a n U e o u3 h' E b 3 m E .k G-E 2 2 3 83 2 h N j G3 h 8 i g g g w w l (2)3 uopeaatsooy punoag ,z ... 4

t ,r O 5 20 1 o H te ) S re tem a ) r a P ( f ) d 8 nu i o ,l B re w ,[ o L A dna lau u t A c k A 0 W 0 l 1 a i t in V I A ( y sn n o i tc = nu F y t 8 is / ne D lar tcep S c 8 e 1 s / 2 g n i i 2 F = 4 3 2 1 2_ 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 b"mxhC %bg# i$I !ll i 4 ll j: l, !j! ill! )

i I t l I O a )z t' H ( f 5 .o i lf 0 1 te S re temar 0 a 6 P A 1 Y G R mu _V C r R t 1f ce p S y t ico l e V 9 1 .g i F v ces /n i = i 8r 1 0 0 I 1 1 1 1 x* UO W> eneIa-wy 8 l )l 'lij ? li}3a;)ll.<i;!l,il: 4 lJ h

~ g e t x ~ - 3 N 2 g a g L. 3.:= E e p e3 t I d< 8 s C l u W h S s' a 5 s r l (2)3 2 uopeastaooy punOJO l \\

b t j' ? 2 6 o i o N t e S r e g r t 3 e m l ar l a P ) \\

  1. d i

n u N o B s r e s wo L m m s dn s S a NC s' l a u %w t f'uq c A 0 0 l M=- 1 a i t in E y I ~ ( y_ sno i t cnu F y t i 8 g, s n e D lar tc e p S 3 1 c 2 es / g 2 i n i g F i_ 3 1 0 0 0 0 } 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 3%* y,EE 2egE 8W7 }

)z H ( f f 6 .o i N 0 't 1 e S re temara 0 P 6 1 4 G m A R ur y C t R c N e p S y t i e# co le V 22 .g i F ces /n t_0 i 3 a g 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 % E.> e ! 1I .$i )

t 'P 02 .o N ) c t e e s S ( i r e t ~ e t em a ra P yro ts i l I e 0 m i 1 T n o i t a re le c c A 3 2 g I i F 2 ces /n 0 i 0 0 s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 1 1 -e~:N 8;2.,Oc mEEe L ~i 1!!!. ii!1, !'I!tIii,i{,liI j11i!

J1llill,

7 20 1 .o N te S re te E : mara P )z i ) l ( dnuo f B = re wo L dna lau tc A g 0 1 la i t in I ( sno i tcnu F y t is ne D lar tcep S 3 c 4 e 2 s / 2 g i n g F r i 4 3 2 1 e 1_0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 N 3 m>,e E.o ;bo&w iu7 j jl:11;' ,lli ljili' is!;i l ,i<1i\\

:;?

i1iiiililjj

)z i l ( I, f 7 o N 1 0 t 1 e S. re tem ara P 06 1 m G ur R tc C e ^- R p N S \\ y t ic 1 o l e V V 5 2 y g \\ i F ce s /n i ~ 1 2 1 g0 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 b" > e8I2~ Iu' I

4 4 d* O T m L. 3 N e E 3 = G E 8

  • a 2o U<

n .? ~ w UW L g j I I 5 I 1 (2)I,z, uopeaatsooy punoag

) 1 ) + o s 4 b + / ,~ 4 g s 4 / s / N + f-,' s /,, 4 1 f F + ~ p' k p s s / d / 4/ b h / / h, +e 3

  • 4

/ / e s s s f*)?#9'%g '*v,O&yC e See,

\\,\\ )z H ( 5 B i 0 1 o N te S re temar 6 a 1 P GR m C u R r ti tce p S y t ico le V 82 g i F ces /n - i ~ 1 3 g i 00 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 h 82: G,S . i - .u T tl\\ \\ lll1

- we a s..A -a ~w,an -a-14--Le-.=_s-- a_ - ---, -a64 -sa... m6MamamAass a a A. -n-.1- - - <A-a m m&&maA-Amm-a-.-_- G 4 e 2 4 \\ 1 \\ { i g \\ a O e 1 \\ m b i 1 f \\ 'O r \\ { Es \\ e t e 'El I \\ N c 2 0 O V< N ta. ec ( = 1 I I v go p9JB(BDDY 47-r

89 1 .o N te S r e t te mara P ) z ) 8 H d ( n s uo s B s f r ewo s L dna l au v t c A w m= I la i t in q I ( sno i tcnu F y t n i s n e D la r tc e p S c e s 0 / 3 2 n i g i - 2 f 0 30 20 10 0 g0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 %m3%5o%hM# I $i t

h i )z H ( g-f i 9 o j o N te S re temar 0 a 6 P 1 G R m C u R r t N cep S y t ico le V 1 3 g i F ces /n . i ^ ^ 1 3 0 1 00 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 x'+ e oO -{aEnxm gY s .lll,i'l ,:l lll 1 i :, lii4-j< <!li,, j;!ii)! h

fu l l 3 as. - ~ I o j t i-u W e c2 I e b d S.: = 8p 8 C '3 l a M e i I .e ) w " u 8 e o 8 8 8 8 O m m w i y (g)I z uopeastacoy punoag --,v--


,.n---,-.-...

.n.-

0 1 0 0 1 o N t e P S re t I.t emara P ) N ) d t z n H u ( o B s N r f e w o s L s d 2:=,,,x na la u t s c c' A ~ 0 W - 0 l 1 a dlV i t i n I z ( n s n o ~ - i t c n u F y t i t sn e D lar t c e p S 3 c 3 e s 3 / . 2 ~ g n i ~ I - 2 F i 4 3 g y g 1-0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 3 ~, x'+ E cao 2, ! t s hcm ~ mI I 1 ll l i!lll \\)!.! )

~ )z H ( l-f = i 0 0 1 1 .o N te S re te 0 m 6 a 1 ra G P R C R m N ur tce p S y t ic o le V 4 3 g i F ew - 1 i 3 2 1 00 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 s,. g !I; i! IE I 1 i, ll lll 11

1 i l 2 3 in /:ec 6000 1 5000 t 'l m i 3 N l ? ? b 1 w E 3000 1 8 ? a UW i 2000 1990 __ D _c N -- - '~ 1 a 4 0 l -2 e f (Hz) g-i 10 10 4, i Fig. 35 Spectral Density (Initial, Actual and Lower Bound); ParameterSetNo.1inArithmethcalScle

O y 3 ) n z iD f l ) w ( F i r o t c a F t ne mecna hn E y t p i 3 sne D lar tce p S rewo P 6 3 g i F 2 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0-1 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 3 u-inA3 s i l i>: 1 44 i! .)il: i . i i 1

( b 2 in/sec 1000 2m 500

~

d gl L._m g rapp p,VIW7gyync= h _- 2 N a I L ii g 5 -1000 1 0 10 t (sec) g I g Fig. 37 Acceleration Time History; Enhanced and Parameter Set ho. 1 i ~ I l ~

4 2 3 in /sec 4 10 3 4# NW. 10 WC "

  • *}U 3

$j h 2 .g 10 m 3 i E E 1 g 10 m l 0 10 t 't ~1 10 16~3 10 O 10 2 Fig. 38 Spectral Density functions (Initial and Actual); Enhanced and Parameter Set No. 1

.o N te S 2 r 0 e 1 tema r N ) a z P H ( dn a f d e l c u na hn E I ) s t = n i o P ow T 5 M r ev O d e J O h 0 t 1 oom S dna 7 la i t in I ( sno t i tcnu F y t isne D l c a e r s t / ce n a p i S N _1 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 9 I 3 Tw* x {* g i I F ,I il: L lll{ lll

4 1 O o N te S 2d r i e tema f ra ) P d ( na 7 de Ii cna hn E i )s t n ia P r uo F r ev O g d K e 0 h 1 toom S dn a la i t in I ( s no i tcnu F y t isn 3 e c D es l / a 2 r n t i c 2 e 4 2 y e0 1r p 0 0 S 3 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 4 3%" gm g i F i ,'i'l,llllIl

s ( in/sec 3 10 l NY lh V 'a N L* '%u s O i 8 i w 2 i 7 5 3 L i x ~ E l 1 1 l 10 - 1g i i i I i 0 10 Ig-i i f (liz) j 10 Fig. 41 Velocity Spectrum for A Dampi.ig Ratio 0.5%; Enhanced and Parameter Set No.1 i

( I i .o N te } S r ( e tema I 's ra P dna decn 1 a 0 h 1 n E 3 no i ta R gn ip ma D A ro f mur tce p S y t ico le V 2 4 c g e i s F / n i_ 1 80 3 1 0 0 1 1 11 n ' O 8 E$ x G .:,O al Imoi I:I:j i>l!,: i 1;:i!, i

li 4

e b 4 r~ ~->~_. 3 _in/sec h ~ a 10 3 u3 s s 5; 2 1 10 eN .f i 100-f (g,) Ir1 10 1-Fig. 43 Velocity Spectrum for A Damping Ration 5%; Enhanced and Parameter Set No.1

in/sec l 10 j 4 .i i i th d i e \\ %o i i w e d 1 \\ i s \\ g 10 i \\ i. \\ i l l 1 i 100 f (Hz) 101 1 10 Fig. 44 Velocity Spectrura for A Damping Ration 7%; Enhanced and Parameter Set No.1

4. 1 .o N t e = ) S z H r ( e te f m E a ra P dna dec N n i a 0 h 1 n E 0 1 o i ta R gn ip ma D A r o f J mur tce p \\ S y t ico le V 5 4 A_ c g e i s F /n i z 1 0 _0 i 0 0 0 01 1 1 1 1 o UO g> E E ; 2~ h ImwI ii!}ili

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