ML25007A242

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M250114: Staff Slides - Strategic Programmatic Overview of the Decommissioning and Low-Level Waste and Nuclear Materials Users Business Lines
ML25007A242
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Issue date: 01/07/2025
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M250114
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Strategic Programmatic Overview of the Decommissioning and Low-Level Waste and Nuclear Materials Users Business Lines Commission Meeting January 14, 2025 1

2 Mirela Gavrilas Executive Director for Operations

3 John Lubinski Director Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards

Decommissioning activities

  • 23 power reactors; 3 research and test reactors
  • 8 complex materials sites
  • 19 Title I and 7 Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act (UMTRCA) Title II sites under a general license held by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
  • Radium sites (military & non-military)
  • Support for DOE/Naval Reactors decommissioning of the nuclear surface ships Decommissioning and Low-Level Waste Business Line Program O ver view - De commi ss ioning 4
  • Monitoring of 3 DOE waste incidental to reprocessing (WIR) sites, consulting on 1 additional WIR site

Decommissioning and Low-Level Waste Business Line Program O ver view - Uranium Re cove ry and Low-level Waste 5

NRC regulates:

  • 1 rare earth licensee
  • 1 waste processor (not shown on map)

Agreement States regulate:

  • Majority of active uranium recovery licensees
  • Majority of waste processors (not shown on map)

Due to scale, several facilities are obscured on map

  • All low-level waste disposal facilities

6 Ensuring Safety and Timely Reviews

  • Fort Calhoun Key Findings and Risk Assumptions memo
  • Knowledge management
  • Inspection focus on most risk significant aspects of License Termination Plan
  • Consolidates commercial reactor guidance

7 Jen Whitman Deputy Director Divisio n o f Deco mmission ing, Uran ium Rec overy, a nd Wa ste P rog ra ms

8 Improving Licensing Processes and Oversight Programs

  • Licensing Processes
  • Incorporate and expand use of Regulatory Audits
  • Explore new approaches to full or partial acceptance of License Termination Plans (LTPs)
  • Oversight Programs
  • Completed updates to Uranium Recovery and Byproduct Material Facility Inspection Program
  • Assessed previous recommendations
  • Public meeting to gather external stakeholder feedback Credit for Sustained Higher Performance Risk Inform Guidance Organizational Structure Leverage Technology Enforcement Process Ideas Under Consideration

9 Completion of Legacy Projects Zion Part 50 License Terminated Fansteel Site Added to National Priorities List (NPL)

Background

Radiation Monitoring Locations Revised Split Rock Long-Term Surveillance Plan and Care Fee Approved

10 Engaging Abroad to Inform Our Decisions

  • Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Committee on Decommissioning of Nuclear Installations and Legacy Management
  • NEA Working Party on the Technical, Environmental, and Safety Aspects of Decommissioning
  • Guidance for data logging and unmanned ground and aerial vehicles

11 Responding to a Changing National Energy Outlook

  • Planned restart of reactor operation at multiple sites
  • Ensuring necessary skill-sets are available
  • Partnering with other program offices and OCHCO
  • Updating qualification program
  • Renewed focus on knowledge management activities

12 Douglas Mandeville Senior Project Manager Divisio n o f Dec ommissio nin g, Ura niu m Rec overy, a n d Waste Prog rams

13 Licensing Emerging Technologies Used for Remediation of Mine Waste

  • Implementing Commission direction in SRM-SECY-23-0055 - Options for Licensing Emerging Technologies Used for Remediation of Mine Waste
  • Developing a framework utilizing the service provider licensing approach
  • Formed a working group with Agreement State representatives
  • Initiated informal outreach, developing schedule for future outreach activities

14 Staff Review of License Application to Remediate Abandoned Uranium Mine Waste From EPAs December 2023 final treatability study.

Photo 21 from Appendix A.

December 2024 pre-submission public meeting January 2025 pre-submission audit of application Application review

Disposal Option Technical Financial Authorization Programmatic 15 Engagement with Federal Partners Regarding Uranium Mine Waste Issues A&B No. 3 mine Photo from https://www.epa.gov/navajo-nation-uranium-cleanup/western-abandoned-uranium-mine-region

16 Greg Chapman Senior Health Physicist Divisio n o f Dec ommissio nin g, Ura niu m Rec overy, a n d Waste Prog rams

Reviewing Decommissioning Requests Beyond 60 Years

Decommissioning will be completed within 60 years of permanent cessation of operations. Completion of decommissioning beyond 60 years will be approved by the Commission only when necessary to protect public health and safety....

  • SECY-24-0073 Site-Specific Considerations for Review of Request to Complete Power Reactors Decommissioning Beyond 60 Years from Permanent Cessation of Operations

18 Improving Licensing Throughput

  • Approaches to streamline reviews:
  • Documentation of lessons learned meetings/presentations
  • Staff comment and feedback on industrys guidance: NEI 22-01
  • Application areas to be improved:
  • Site characterization summary
  • Available technical basis references
  • Validated studies for novel approaches

19 Controlling and Addressing Discrete Radioactive Particles in the Environment

  • Enhancing the contamination control program
  • Potential to complicate and extend license termination
  • Research Reports and Guidance developed:

Dose Coefficients for DRPs (ML23136A178)

Ulceration Threshold Recommendations (ML23136A207)

Scan MDAs for DRPs (ML24004A133)

IN-2024-01, Minimization and Control of Contamination Involving DRPs (ML23195A074)

DRAFT DUWP-ISG-03, Contamination Control, Radiological Survey, and Dose Modeling Considerations To Support License Termination at Sites with Environmental Discrete Radioactive Particle Contamination (ML24219A032)

~100µm

~ 20mm DRPs vary in size ranging from less than visible to small rocks.

20 Elise Eve Team Leader Division of Radiological Safety and Security, Region I

21 Ensuring Oversight of Decommissioning Trust Funds

  • Oversight Approach to Decommissioning Trust Funds
  • Coordination between NRC financial analysis staff, project manager, and regional inspectors
  • Violations identified at four sites
  • 10 CFR 50.82(a)(8)(i) states, in part, decommissioning trust funds may be used by licensees if the withdrawals are for expenses for legitimate decommissioning activities consistent with the definition of decommissioning in § 50.2

22 Overseeing Crane Clean Energy Center Restart Efforts

  • Collaborative approach between Region I, Region III, and Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards (NMSS), and Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation (NRR)
  • Crane Clean Energy Center (Three Mile Island Unit 1) Restart Team modeling Palisades Restart Team
  • Consideration for co-located site
  • Unit 2 remains in active decommissioning
  • Continuous learning and improvement
  • Consider lessons learned from Palisades and capture key learnings from Crane Clean Energy Center (Three Mile Island Unit 1)
  • Stakeholder Engagement
  • Public and governmental stakeholders

23 Mirela Gavrilas Executive Director for Operations

Strategic Overview of Nuclear Materials Users Business Line Commission Meeting January 14, 2025 24

25 Mirela Gavrilas Executive Director for Operations

26 John Lubinski Director Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards

27 Breadth of NMU Activities 29

Ensuring Effective Regulation and Oversight of Radioactive Materials Through a Strong NMU Program Preparing for the g rowth in the me dical us e of byproduct materi al s 28

  • Evaluate regulatory framework to ensure safe use of new radiopharmaceuticals without delaying patient care
  • Develop licensing guidance for clarity and reviews of new questions
  • Ongoing development of Licensing Guidance for Emerging Medical Technologies
  • Staying engaged with the Agreement States and the medical community to stay informed on advancements

29 Progress is Bolstered by Collaboration Both Domestically and Internationally

30 Dafna Silberfeld Deputy Director Divisio n o f Materia ls S afety, Sec urity, Sta te, an d Trib al Pro gra ms

31 Establishing Regulatory Framework for Fusion

  • Public Outreach - 7 public meetings
  • Agreement State Outreach - 5 government to government meetings
  • Outreach to Tribal Governments -

Issuance of 3 State and Tribal Communication letters

  • Alignment with the ADVANCE Act -

Incorporation of changes brought by the ADVANCE Act

  • On schedule to meet NEIMA deadline of December 2027 to implement rule

32 Facilitating Agreement State Engagement and Transparency Improve early identification of performance issues in Radiation Control Programs and facilitate timely corrective actions Create clear, efficient pathways for Radiation Control Programs to seek assistance when challenges arise Improve the consistency and efficiency of Integrated Materials Performance Evaluation Program reviews

33 Delivering Training for the NMP In-person - 48%; Courses available online in the Collaborative Learning Environment (CLE) - 40%;

Virtual Instructor-Led (VILT) - 12%

34 Strengthening Partnerships with Tribal Nations

  • Interaction with Tribes can take many different forms. Interactions may occur through verbal or written communications and/or in-person or virtual meetings.

Outreach Consultation Training Information Exchanges

35 Allyce Bolger Intergovernmental Liaison Divisio n o f Materia ls S afety, Sec urity, Sta te, an d Trib al Pro gra ms

Executing Regulatory Certainty for Implementation of Fusion and Assuring Adequate Strategy for Future Expansion Sus taining Continuity A nd Consis te ncy A cross The National Mate rials Prog ram (NMP) 36 Technical readiness for fusion deployment Adequate staffing across the NMP for expansion of fusion machines Flexibility in Agreement State adoption of fusion rulemaking requirements and guidance documents

  • Commitment to cooperation with international regulatory counterparts
  • Insights from ongoing engagement
  • IAEA World Fusion Energy Group
  • Fusion Key Elements
  • Trilateral meetings with the United Kingdom and Canada Executing Regulatory Certainty for Implementation of Fusion and Assuring Adequate Strategy for Future Expansion Engagi ng with I nte rnational Stakeholde rs 37

38 Matthew Barrett Project Manager Divisio n o f Materia ls S afety, Sec urity, Sta te, an d Trib al Pro gra ms

39 Providing Effective Regulatory Oversight of Radioactive Materials Security Radioactive Materials Uses Industrial Medical Research Security Materials Security

  • Safeguards Information
  • RIS 2005-31 Activities to Address Financial Assurance for Disposition of Sealed Sources Rulemaking o Rulemaking to expand 10 CFR 30.35 decommissioning financial assurance o This rulemaking will encourage disposal of disused sources

40 Ensuring Strong Federal and State Partnerships Through Safe and Secure Use of Radioactive Sources The NRC-led Task Force, is comprised of 14 Federal agencies and the Organization of Agreement States Strong collaborative interactions have resulted in completion of 36 recommendations Remaining six under evaluation for closure in the 2026 report NRC rulemaking under 10 CFR Part 61 supports two open Task Force recommendations for Greater-than-Class-C (GTCC) waste disposal and unwanted cesium chloride source management Task Force report is due in August 2026

41 Enhancing Efficiency and Modernizing Licensing Continuous enhancements to the Web-Based Licensing (WBL) system streamline operations, reduce administrative burden, and ensure accurate, up-to-date data for the safety and security of radioactive materials

  • New functionalities will allow external users to submit license applications directly into the system

42 Enhancing the National Materials Program through Web Based Licensing (WBL)

  • Continued collaboration between the Agreement States and the NRC through WBL:
  • In 2024, three Agreement States Nevada, South Carolina, and Arkansas joined WBL, bringing the total to 13 states
  • By 2027, we anticipate half of the Agreement States will use WBL as their primary platform for licensing and inspection

43 Optimizing Inspection Scheduling and Resource Allocation

  • Developed and implemented a cutting-edge visualization tool that enables decision-makers to optimize inspection scheduling
  • Yields a high return on investment by streamlining scheduling and reducing planning time by approximately 90%.
  • Optimizes travel resources by mapping inspection priorities, locations, and due dates.
  • Can facilitate identification of alternative licensee sites due to unforeseen cancellations or delays.
  • Enables quick identification of sites potentially affected by natural disasters for timely post-disaster inspections.

44 Jackie Cook Regional State Agreements Officer Divisio n o f Rad iolo gic al Sa fety an d Sec ur ity, Reg ion I V

45 Responsibilities and Roles of the Regional State Agreements Officer (RSAO)

  • Across the National Materials Program (NMP) - 5 RSAOs
  • Region I - 2 RSAOs (covering 17 Agreement States)
  • Region III - 1 RSAO (covering 5 Agreement States)
  • Region IV - 2 RSAOs (covering 17 Agreement States)
  • Plan, coordinate, and facilitate
  • Advise and assist
  • Ensure a coordinated and comprehensive Agreement State program
  • Serve
  • Disseminate

46 Engaging Agreement States on the Health of Their Programs and Alignment Across the NMP

  • Health of the NMP
  • IMPEP
  • Periodic meetings
  • Long term interactions
  • Rulemaking and guidance development
  • Government to Government meetings: Engages and collaborates with the 39 Agreement States and 11 non-Agreement State agencies
  • Addressing emergent issues and programmatic challenges
  • Champions Chat: Emerging issue or hot topic
  • Identifies, evaluates, and addresses pressing concerns effectively
  • Technical assistance
  • Support and coordination

47 A Success Story - The State of Mississippi

  • Recovery from probation
  • Measures to mitigate programmatic risks
  • Enhanced communication
  • Program assessment

48 Mirela Gavrilas Executive Director for Operations

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