ML24291A006

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NEI Slide Presentation: ACRS Regulatory Policies and Practices - Draft White Paper on Nth-of-a-Kind (Noak) Micro-Reactor Licensing and Deployment Considerations - Sc - October 17, 2024
ML24291A006
Person / Time
Site: Nuclear Energy Institute
Issue date: 10/17/2024
From: Nichol M
Nuclear Energy Institute
To:
Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards
References
Download: ML24291A006 (1)
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Text

Rapid High-Volume Deployable Reactors for Remote Applications

ACRS Subcommittee Meeting October 17, 2024

Marc Nichol, Executive Director New Nuclear

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute Status and Whats New

  • Status of previously identified Micro-reactor regulatory issues
  • Some are partially resolved (e. g., Annual Fees)
  • Some are in the process of being resolved (e. g., Remote Operations)
  • What s New
  • Interest in Oil & Gas Upstream and business needs for regulatory schedule and cost
1. Less than 180 days from specific site identification to operations
2. Regulatory costs are less than 1% of capital and O&M
  • ADVANCE Act Section 208-Regulatory Framework for Micro-Re a c t o rs
  • Scope of effort
  • Clarify regulatory needs for rapid and cost effective large-scale deployments
  • Resolve expanded scope of regulatory issues and propose solutions

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 2 Micro-Reactor Topics NEI 2021 NRC SECY Paper 24- 0008 Previously Identified Factory Fabricated X X Factory Fuel Load (Preclude X X 22 Topics; 16 are part of the 31 Topics in the criticality)

NEI RHDRA Proposal Factory Operational Testing X X

NEI 2019 Paper NRC SECY 20-0093 Timing Authorize to Operate Enclosure Review Scope and Effort X (Hearing & ITAAC)

Regulatory Oversight X XReplacement at Site X Enclosure Emergency Preparedness X XGeneral License X Physical Security X XFueled Transport Enclosure Aircraft Impact Assessment X X Storage of Used Fuel Enclosure Staffing and Training XDecommissioning Enclosure Annual Fee XMaritime Applications Enclosure Manufacturing License X Space Applications Enclosure Scope Commercial Mobile Enclosure

NEI 2019 Paper NRC SECY 20-0093 NEI 2022 Paper NRC SECY 24-0008 Autonomous & Remote Ops X X Enclosure Dense Populations Sites X Enclosure©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 3 RHDRA Regulatory Topics and Priorities NEI Paper July 31, 2024 (ML24213A337)

Near-Term Urgent Resolution Longer-Term Resolution 1 - Environmental Reviews 3 - Construction Authorization Upon 2 - Standardized Design Approvals Docketing High 5 - Site License 6 - Contested Hearing Priority 10 - Meteorology and Weather Data 7 - Mandatory Hearing 11 - Geologic and Geotechnical 17 - Remote Operations 14 - Operations Staffing 21 - AA/FFD 19 - Physical Security 9 - AIA 4 - ITAAC 13 - Fire Brigade 8 - Licensing fees 16 - Remote Monitoring 12 - Other External Hazards Medium 18 - Cyber Security 15 - Autonomous Operations to Low 22 - Radiation Protection 20 - Emergency Preparedness 23 - Oversight 24 - Annual Fees Priority 25 - Use of Contractors by ML 26 - Loading Fuel at Factory 28 - Features to Preclude Criticality 27 - Testing at the Factory 31 - Used Fuel 29 - Transport Modules to Site 30 - Replace Modules at Site Topics addressed in NRC s October 2024 NOAK White Paper ©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 4 Adapting the Regulatory Framework to Address New Technologies and Applications

Design Features Applications and Use Alternative Regulatory Cases Approaches

  • Physically small and
  • Remote locations
  • Incentivize safety simple and micro-grids enhancements
  • Low risks and
  • Industrial applications
  • Avoid undue consequences (heat and power) regulatory burden
  • Small footprint - land
  • Not near population
  • Leverage use of and environmental centers manufacturing
  • Safety relatively
  • Large volume of license or design insensitive to site deployments certification conditions
  • Deployment in
  • Technology-inclusive,
  • Factory construction months not years performance-based
  • Site assembly
  • No disproportionate and risk-informed
  • May load fuel at regulatory costs
  • Oversight scaled to factory and ship
  • Limited or no on-site the safety profile fueled fuel movements
  • More similar to
  • Fully replaceable
  • Limited time of used research and test modules fuel on-sitereactors

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 5 Relative Comparison of Potential Consequences from Selected Nuclear Technologies

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 6 A Different Imperative Yields Different Results

LLWR vs RTR vs RHDRA Apply and Adapt

  • Same Dose Limits Non-Po w e r Work on the
  • Same Normal/Accident RequirementsApproaches Margins of
  • RTR = Low potential consequences
  • EPZ = 10 miles vs small site boundary Large LWR
  • Different Implementation Guidance
  • Different Security (RTR = No DBT)RT R Approaches
  • RTR = No AIA
  • RTR = Combined CP/OL is OK
  • RTR = USGS/NOAA data is OKRHDRA Proposal
  • RTR = No min ops staff Current Efforts Innovation - > Revolutionary Change
  • New technologies
  • Question past/current practices
  • Avoid weve always done it that way
  • Understand bases for current approaches (characteristics of technologies and assumptions)©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 7
  • Question whether bases are still valid, if not form new bases and new approaches Rapid Efficient Repeatable Licensing (ReLic)

Approved for Range of Technologies (e.g., GEIS, Rulemaking)

Current Site Licensing (Part 50 CP + OL)

(Part 52 COL + 103.g Finding)

Approved with Design (e.g., ML, DC, SDA)

Licensee Pre-Approvals (e.g., TR)Site Site Applications of 6,000 to 10,000 pages Site Applications of <100 pages Enable Deployments 8 to 10 years Enable Deployments of <6 months Potential to Minimize Scope of Site-Specific Review

Traditional COL or CP/OL Scope

Rulemakings General Approvals IT AAC General Site Approvals (Not Design or Site (Specific to a Design) (Closed at Factory)

Dependent)

Part 52 Fueled Micro ML or DCD Reactor General Licensee Approvals (e.g., Programs, Part 70 Seismic Isolators Financial Qual)

ANR GEIS (100 issues)

  • Site Specific Approval*

Site Parameter Site #1 Site #N Envelope (Confirm (Confirm GEIS Micro site site Supplement conditions conditions (21 issues) within within SPE) SPE)

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 9 NRC Approval of the Design and Site

2025 2030

T - 60+ Months-> T - 24 Months-> T - 18 Months-> T - 12 Months-> T - 6 Months-> T = 0->

Manufacturing License Manufacturing License Application Submitted Approved Facilities for Fabrication NRC ML Review Operational

Duration Dependent upon Scope of Novel Approaches and Site Issues Addressed

<-Application-> NRC Approval Submitted Contingency for 1st NRC (Additional NRC Review) Review 6 M onths 2 M onths

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 10 Figure 4-1: NRC Current Licensing Timeline (Expectations for NOAK RHDRA)

Y1H1 Y1H2 Y2H1 Y2H2 Y3H1 Y3H2 Y4H1 Y4H2

49 M onths Application Safety & Enviro. COL Approval Site Selected Submit Accept Complete Site Characterization (24 Months) Draft SER (8 Months) 103(g) Finding Final SER (4 Months)Operations

Draft EA (8 Months)

Final EA (4 Months)

Decision on Contentions (200 Days)

Decision on New Contentions (85 Days)

Mandatory Hearing (2 Months)

Commission Decision (45 Days)

ITAAC Review (90 Days)

Hearings (90 Days)

AEA 180 Day IT AAC N o tice

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 11 Figure 4-2: NRC Licensing Timeline (Expectations for Re L i c Process)

Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9

5 M onths Submit Application Safety & Enviro. Complete Site Accept Application CP/OL Approval Selected Site Characterization (1 Month)

Draft SER (45 Days)

Final SER (15 Days)

Issue FRN for Contested Hearing Comments/Contentions/Petitions (30 Days)

Responses and Replies (30 Days)

Decision on Contentions (30 Days - End if No Hearing Granted)

Mandatory Hearing - If Necessary (30 Days)

Commission Decision (30 Days)

If EA Necessary Draft EA (45 Days)

Final EA (15 Days)

Decision on New Contentions (60 Days)

CP/OL Approval (6 Months with EA)©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 12 On-Site Staffing Design (inherent safety features, active safety components, and technology) with functional analysis Determines if/what role is need for human action.

Concept of Operations: Design-Required Sites

1. One (1) on-site operator Operator Functions
  • Automatic operations
  • Away from controls/other dutiesAutomatic
  • Remote Monitoring OptionalOperations
2. No (0) on-site staff, Remote Operator Remote
  • Automatic and Remote OperationsOperations
3. N o O p e ra t o rs - Longer-te r m Local Human
  • Autonomous operations Actions
  • No human action, high-level oversight only
  • (Not needed but included)

©2024 Nuclear Energy Institute 13 QUESTIONS?

By Third Way, GENSLER Backup Slides Table 2-2: Summary and Functional Grouping of Specific Issue Topics Topic Area Priority AR RTR GL AE A Reg/Pol Group 1 (Licensing Process)

1) Generically Resolved Environmental Considerations High Applicable Non-App Benefit Option Need
2) Design Approval Scope and Authorizations High Applicable Non-App Benefit Option Need
3) Construction Authorization Upon Docketing High Applicable Non-App Benefit Option Need
4) Inspections, Tests, Analyses and Acceptance Criteria Medium Applicable Non-App Benefit Option Need
5) Site License Scope and Purpose High Applicable Applicable Benefit Option Need
6) Streamlined Contested Hearing High Applicable Non-App Benefit Option Need
7) Elimination of Mandatory Hearing High Applicable Non-App Benefit Solution Need
8) Licensing Review Resources and Costs Medium Non-App Non-App Benefit Option No-Need Group 2 (Concept of Deployment)
9) Aircraft Impact Considerations Medium Non-App Applicable No-Benefit Option Need
10) Meteorology and Weather Data High Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option No-Need
11) Geologic and Geotechnical High Applicable Applicable Benefit Option Need
12) Other External Hazards Low Non-App Non-App No-Benefit No-Need No-Need Group 3 (Concept of Operations)
13) Fire Brigade Medium Applicable Non-App No-Benefit No-Need No-Need
14) Operations Staffing High Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option Need
15) Autonomous Operations Medium Applicable Non-App No-Benefit Option Need
16) Remote monitoring Low Applicable Non-App No-Benefit Option No-Need Table 2-2: Summary and Functional Grouping of Specific Issue Topics (contd)

Topic Area Priority AR RTR GL AE A Reg/Pol Group 3 (Concept of Operations) - Continued

17) Remote operations Medium Applicable Non-App No-Benefit Option Need
18) Cyber security Low Applicable Non-App No-Benefit Option Need
19) Physical Security High Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option Need
20) Emergency preparedness Low Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option No-Need
21) FFD/Access Authorization Medium Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option Need
22) Radiation Protection Medium Applicable Applicable No-Benefit Option No-Need
23) NRC Oversight Medium Applicable Applicable Benefit No-Need Need
24) Annual Fees Medium Non-App Applicable No-Benefit Option Need Group 4 (Total Lifecycle)
25) Use of Contractors By Manufacturing Licensees Medium Applicable Non-App Benefit No-Need Need
26) Loading Fuel at Factory Medium Non-App Non-App Benefit No-Need No-Need
27) Testing at the Factory Medium Non-App Applicable Benefit No-Need Need
28) Features to Preclude Criticality Medium Non-App Non-App Benefit No-Need No-Need
29) Transport of Fueled Reactor Medium Non-App Non-App Benefit No-Need Need
30) Replace Modules at Site Medium Non-App Non-App Benefit No-Need No-Need
31) Storing Used Fuel at Site Medium Applicable Non-App No-Benefit Option Need
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