ML22115A178
| ML22115A178 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Sequoyah  |
| Issue date: | 04/25/2022 |
| From: | Marshall T Tennessee Valley Authority |
| To: | Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML22115A178 (72) | |
Text
Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, Post Office Box 2000, Soddy Daisy, Tennessee 37384
April 25, 2022 10 CFR 50.4 10 CFR 50.36a 10 CFR 50, Appendix I 10 CFR 72.44(d)(3)
ATTN: Document Control Desk U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D. C. 20555-0001
Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, Units 1 and 2 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-77 and DPR-79 NRC Docket Nos. 50-327, 50-328, and 72-034
Subject:
Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report for 2021 Monitoring Period
Enclosed is the Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report (ARERR) for the period of January 1 to December 31, 2021. This report (enclosure) is being submitted in accordance with the respective Sequoyah Nuclear Plant (SQN), Units 1 and 2, Technical Specification (TS) 5.6.2 and Certificate of Compliance for Spent Fuel Storage Casks Nos. 1014 and 1032, Chapter 5.
Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM), Section 5.2 requires that a Radiological Impact Assessment be submitted with the ARERR for the same reporting period. The assessment is included in the report. There were no changes to the ODCM during the reporting period.
There are no new regulatory commitments contained in this letter. If you have any questions concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Jeffrey Sowa at (423) 843-8129.
Respectfully, Marshall, Digitally signed by Marshall, Thomas B.
Thomas B. Date: 2022.04.25 12:40:27
-04'00' Thomas Marshall Site Vice President Sequoyah Nuclear Plant
Enclosure:
Annual Radioactive Effluent Release Report, Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, January -
December 2021 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Page 2 April 25, 2022
cc (Enclosure):
NRC Regional Administrator - Region II NRC Senior Resident Inspector - Sequoyah Nuclear Plant NRR Project Manager - Sequoyah Nuclear Plant ENCLOSURE
ANNUAL RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENT RELEASE REPORT
SEQUOYAH NUCLEAR PLANT
JANUARY - DECEMBER 2021
SequoyahNuclear PowerPlant
Tennessee ValleyAuthority
AnnualRadioactive
EffluentRelease Report
2021
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I. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................4
II. SupplementalInformation....................................................................................................................4
A. RegulatoryLimits..............................................................................................................................4
B. LimitationonDoseRate....................................................................................................................5
C. AverageEnergy.................................................................................................................................5
D. Measurements&Approximationsof Total Radioactivity.................................................................5
E. BatchReleases..................................................................................................................................7
F. AbnormalReleases..........................................................................................................................11
G. Nonroutine, Planned Discharges...................................................................................................11
H. RadioactiveWasteSystemTreatmentChanges.............................................................................11
I. LandUseCensusChanges...............................................................................................................11
J. EffluentMonitoringInstrumentInoperability>30Days................................................................11
K. EffluentMonitoringEquipmentSampleDeviation.........................................................................11
L. OffsiteDoseCalculationManualChanges......................................................................................11
M. GroundwaterMonitoringandProgram(NEI0707) ...................................................................12
N. Errata/CorrectionstoPreviousARERRs..........................................................................................14
III. GaseousEffluents...........................................................................................................................15
Table1A GaseousEffluentsSummation ofall Releases......................................................................15
Table1B GaseousEffluents-GroundLevelReleases(Batch)...............................................................16
Table1B GaseousEffluents-GroundLevelReleases(Continuous).....................................................17
IV. LiquidEffluents...............................................................................................................................18
Table2A LiquidEffluentsSummationofall Releases..........................................................................18
Table2B LiquidEffluents-BatchMode................................................................................................19
Table2B LiquidEffluents-ContinuousMode.......................................................................................20
V. SolidWasteStorageandShipment................................................................................................21
VI. IndependentSpentFuelStorageInstallation.................................................................................28
VII. RadiologicalImpacttoMan............................................................................................................29
A. Introduction....................................................................................................................................29
B. DoseLimits......................................................................................................................................29
C. DoseCalculations............................................................................................................................29
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D. DosesfromAirborneEffluents........................................................................................................30
E. DosesfromLiquidEffluents............................................................................................................31
F. PopulationDoses............................................................................................................................32
G. OffsiteDirectRadiationDose..........................................................................................................32
H. DosetoaMemberof thePublicInsidetheSiteBoundary.............................................................32
I. TotalDose.......................................................................................................................................33
J. Tables..............................................................................................................................................34
Table3A DosesfromAirborneEffluents-1stQuarter..........................................................................34
Table3B Doses fromAirborneEffluents-2ndQuarter.........................................................................35
Table3C DosesfromAirborneEffluents-3rdQuarter..........................................................................36
Table3D DosesfromAirborneEffluents-4thQuarter..........................................................................37
Table4A DosesfromLiquidEffluents-1stQuarter...............................................................................38
Table4B Doses fromLiquidEffluents-2ndQuarter..............................................................................38
Table4C Doses fromLiquidEffluents-3rdQuarter..............................................................................39
Table4D DosesfromLiquidEffluents-4thQuarter..............................................................................39
Table5TotalDosefromFuelCycle.........................................................................................................40
VIII. MeteorologicalData.41
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I. Introduction
TheAnnualRadioactiveEffluentReleaseReportcovering theoperationofbothunitsis
submittedpursuanttoSequoyahNuclear PlantTechnicalSpecification5.6.2andOffsiteDose
CalculationManual5.2
II. SupplementalInformation
A. RegulatoryLimits
- 1. GaseousEffluents
Doserates duetoradioactivityreleasedingaseouseffluentsfromthesitetoareasat
and beyondtheunrestrictedarea boundary shallbelimitedtothefollowing:
Noblegases:
x Less thanorequalto500mrem/yeartothetotalbody.
x Less thanorequalto3000mrem/yeartotheskin.
Iodines,tritiumandparticulateswithhalflives greater thaneightdays
x Less thanorequalto1500mrem/yeartoanyorgan.
Dosetoamemberofthe publicduetoIodines,tritiumandparticulateswithhalf
lives greater thaneightdays
x Less thanorequalto7.5mremtoanyorganduringanycalendar quarter.
x Less thanorequalto15mremtoanyorganduringanycalendaryear.
Airdoseduetonoblegases
x Less thanorequalto5mradfor gammaradiationandlessthanorequalto10
mradfor beta radiationduringanycalendarquarter.
x Less thanorequalto10mradfor gammaradiationand lessthanorequalto
20mradfor betaradiationduringanycalendaryear.
- 2. LiquidEffluents
Theannualaverageconcentrationofradioactivityreleasedinliquideffluentsto
unrestrictedareasshallbelimitedtotheconcentrationsspecifiedinTitle10of theCode
of FederalRegulations(CFR),Part20(Standardsfor ProtectionagainstRadiation),
AppendixB,Table 2,Column2,for radionuclidesotherthandissolvedorentrainednoble
gases.Fordissolvedorentrainednoblegases,theconcentrationshallbelimitedto2.0E 04microcuries/milliliter( Ci/ml)totalactivity.
Thedoseordosecommitmenttoamemberofthepublicfromradioactivityinliquid
effluentsreleasedtounrestricted areasshallbelimited tolessthanorequal to1.5mrem
tothetotalbodyduringanycalendarquarter,lessthanorequal to5mremtoanyorgan
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duringanycalendarquarter,lessthanorequalto3mremtothetotalbodyduringany
calendaryearand lessthanorequalto10mremtoanyorganduringanycalendaryear.
B. LimitationonDose Rate
- 1. GaseousEffluents
Concentrationlimitsfor gaseousreleasesaremetthroughcompliancewiththe
maximum permissibledose rates for gaseousreleasesas definedinplantOffsiteDose
CalculationManual(ODCM).(Thesevaluesareusedas applicablelimitsfor gaseous
effluents.)
Noblegases:
x Less thanorequalto500mrem/yeartothetotalbody.
x Less thanorequalto3000mrem/yeartotheskin.
Iodines,tritiumandparticulateswithhalflives greater thaneightdays
x Less thanorequalto1500mrem/yeartoanyorgan.
- 2. LiquidEffluents
Theeffluentconcentrationlimits(ECL)for liquidsarethose listedin10CFR20,
AppendixB,Table 2,Column2.Fordissolvedandentrainedgases,theECLof2.0E04
Ci/mlisapplied.ThisECLisbasedontheXe135 concentrationinair(submersiondose)
convertedtoanequivalentconcentrationinwateras discussedintheInternational
CommissiononRadiologicalProtection(ICRP), Publication2.(Thesevaluesareused as
applicablelimitsfor liquideffluents.)
C. AverageEnergy
SequoyahNuclear Plant'sODCMlimitsthedoseequivalentratesduetothereleaseof
noblegases tolessthanorequalto500mrem/yeartothetotalbodyandlessthan or
equalto3000mrem/yeartotheskin.Theuseofdoserates isinaccordance withNUREG 0133,"PreparationofRadiologicalEffluentTechnicalSpecificationsfor NuclearPower
Plants."Sincethereleaserateisnotusedfor effluentcontrol,theaverageenergy
discussedinRegulatoryGuide1.21(usedfor releaserate control) isnotincludedinthis
report.
D. Measurements& Approximations of Total Radioactivity
RadioactivitymeasurementsperformedinsupportoftheSequoyahNuclear PlantODCM
meettheLowerLimitof DetectionrequirementsgiveninODCMTables2.21 and 2.22.
- 1. GaseousEffluents
FissionandActivationGases
Airborneeffluentgaseousactivityiscontinuouslymonitoredandrecorded.Additional
grabsamplesfromtheshieldbuilding,auxiliarybuilding,servicebuildingandcondenser
vacuumexhaustsaretakenandanalyzedatleastmonthlytodetermine thequantityof
noblegasactivityreleasedfor themonthbasedontheaverageventflowratesrecorded
for thesampleperiod.Also,noblegassamplesarecollectedandevaluatedfor theshield
and auxiliarybuildingsfollowingstartup,shutdownorratedthermalpower change
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exceeding15percentwithinone hour(SamplingisonlyrequiredifthedoseequivalentI 131concentrationintheprimarycoolantorthenoblegasactivitymonitorshowsthat
thecontainment activityhas increasedmorethanafactorof3).
Thequantityofnoblegasesreleasedthroughtheshieldandauxiliarybuilding
exhaustsduetopurgingorventingof containmentandreleasesofwastegasdecaytanks
arealsodetermined.
Thetotalnoblegasactivityreleasedfor themonthisthendeterminedbysummingof
theactivityreleasedfromeachventforthesamplingperiods.
IodinesandParticulatesinGaseousReleases
lodineandparticulateactivityiscontinuouslysampled.Charcoalandparticulate
samplesaretakenfromtheshieldandauxiliarybuildingexhaustsand analyzedatleast
weeklytodeterminethetotalactivityreleasedfromtheplantbasedontheaveragevent
flow rates recordedfor thesamplingperiod.
Also,particulateandcharcoalsamplesaretakenfromtheshieldandauxiliarybuilding
exhaustsonceper24hoursfor 2daysfollowingstartup,shutdown,oraratedthermal
power changeexceeding15percentwithinonehour.Thequantityofiodineand
particulatereleasedfromeachventduringeachsampling periodisthendetermined
usingtheaverageventflowrates recordedfor thesamplingperiodand activity
concentration.
Thetotalparticulateandiodineactivityreleasedfor themonthisthendeterminedby
summingall activityreleasedfromtheshieldandauxiliarybuildingexhaustsforthe
samplingperiods.
Carbon14 inGaseousReleases
TheCarbon14 production and effluentsourcetermestimateswerebasedonEPRI
methodologyprovidedinEPRIReport1021106,"EstimationofCarbon14 inNuclear
PowerPlantGaseousEffluents,"datedDecember2010.Itwas determinedthat21.6
curiesofCarbon14 isgeneratedannuallyatSequoyah Nuclear Plant.However,only98%
isconsideredreleasedas gasand onlythecarbondioxideform(20%) ofthatisused in
thegaseousdosecalculations
- 2. LiquidEffluents
Batch(Radwasteand duringperiodsof primary tosecondaryleakage,condensate
regenerantstocoolingtowerblowdown)
Totalgammaisotopicactivityconcentrationsaredeterminedoneachbatchof liquid
effluentpriortorelease.Thetotalactivityofareleasedbatchisdeterminedbysumming
each nuclide'sconcentrationand multiplyingbythetotalvolumedischarged.Thetotal
activityreleasedduringamonthisthendeterminedbysummingtheactivitycontentof
each batchdischargedduringthemonth.
Continuous ReleasesandPeriodicContinuousReleases(Condensateregenerants,
turbinebuildingsump,andsteamgeneratorblowdown)
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Totalgammaisotopicactivityandtritiumconcentrationsaredeterminedmonthlyon
one compositesampleeachfromthecondensatesystem,andtheturbinebuilding sump.
Thetritiumvalueisappliedtoreleasesover themonth.Totalgammaisotopicactivity
concentrationfor Units1and 2steamgeneratorblowdownisdetermined3timesa
week.In additiontoODCMTable2.21,tritiumconcentrationsaredetermined3timesa
week,averagedfor themonth,andappliedtoreleasesover themonth.Thetotalactivity
ofthecontinuousreleaseisdeterminedbysummingeachnuclide'sconcentration and
multiplyingbythetotalvolumedischarged.
E. BatchReleases
- 1. Gaseous
Units 1st2nd3rd4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.Gaseous
1.Numberof Batch 29 29 30 25
Releases
2.Totaldurationof minutes 2.09E+04 5.63E+04 1.63E+04 5.64E+04
batchreleases
3.Maximum batchminutes 9.76E+02 3.18E+04 8.13E+02 3.63E+04
releaseduration
4.Averagebatch minutes 7.20E+02 1.94E+03 5.42E+02 2.26E+03
releaseduration
5.Minimumbatch minutes 2.50E+01 3.60E+01 7.70E+01 2.90E+01
releaseduration
- 2. Liquid
Units 1st2nd3rd4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.Liquids
1.Numberof Batch 29 49 40 48
Releases
2.Totaldurationof minutes 4.90E+03 7.62E+03 6.45E+03 6.51E+03
batchreleases
3.Maximum batchminutes 1.98E+02 1.90E+02 1.93E+02 1.79E+02
releaseduration
4.Averagebatch minutes 1.69E+02 1.56E+02 1.61E+02 1.36E+02
releaseduration
5.Minimumbatch minutes 1.20E+02 1.14E+02 1.10E+02 9.90E+01
releaseduration
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ReleaseType:Gaseous(Steam)
ReleasePoint:Unit1PowerOperatedRelief Valves(PORV)1,2,3,&4
Date(s)of Release:4/10/2109:5105/08/21 20:35
Thisevaluationisfor thereleasetotheenvironmentthatoccurredfromUnit1PORVs1,2,3and 4
duringtheU1R24refuelingoutage.Followingthereactortrip,theSteamGenerator PORVswereopen
for periodsoftimeduringtheoutage.Thefollowingisdatausedtodeterminethecuriesanddose
impactsas aresultof therelease:
x TheevaluationassumedthereleasewascontinuousfromPORVs1,2,3,and4.
x TherehavebeennogammaemittingradionuclidesidentifiedinanySecondaryCoolant
samplesduringthepreviouscycle.
Thevolumeofthesteamgeneratorwas takenfromWestinghouseGuidelinesforSecondary Water
Chemistry.The listednormalwaterlevel valueof3516ft3was used as aconservativevalue.This
calculationassumes thatthetotalvolumeofthegenerators was releasedandthatallthetritium
presentinthatinitialvolumewas released.Thecalculationfor thetotaltritiumactivityreleasedisas
follows:
3516ft3/generator*2.832E+04ml/ft3*4generators=3.983E+08ml
9.49E07 Ci/ml*3.983E+08 ml=3.78E+02CiofH3or3.78E04 CiofH3
Theactivityof3.78E04 Ciwas added tothe2ndQuartersectionofTable1A GaseousEffluents
SummationofAll Releasesand Table3B DosesfromAirborneEffluents2ndQuarter.
IndividualDoses
PathwayExternal Dose QuarterlyPercentofLocation
Limit Limit Sector/Distance/Unit
GammaAir 0.00E+01mrad 5mrad <1 N/A
BetaAir 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Submersion
TotalBody 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Skin 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
OrganDose
Child/Thyroid 2.11E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 WSW/1152/meters
Child/TotalBody 2.11E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 WSW/1152/meters
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 2.00E06 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(organ) 2.00E06 manrem(Thyroid, Liver,Bone,GIT,Lung,Kidney)
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ReleaseType:Gaseous(Steam)
ReleasePoint:Unit1PowerOperatedRelief Valves(PORV)1,2,3,&4
Date(s)of Release:8/5/2123:1908/08/21 12:00
Thisevaluationisfor thereleasetotheenvironmentthatoccurredfromUnit1PORVs1,2,3and 4
duringtheUnit 1PlannedOutagetorepairTurbineDrainLinesteamleak.Followingthereactortrip,
theSteamGeneratorPORVswereopenforperiodsof timeduringtheoutage.Thefollowingisdataused
todeterminethecuriesanddoseimpactsas aresultoftherelease:
x TheevaluationassumedthereleasewascontinuousfromPORVs1,2,3,and4.
x TherehavebeennogammaemittingradionuclidesidentifiedinanySecondaryCoolant
samplesduringthepreviouscycle.
Thevolumeofthesteamgeneratorwas takenfromWestinghouseGuidelinesforSecondary Water
Chemistry.The listednormalwaterlevel valueof3516ft3was used as aconservativevalue.This
calculationassumes thatthetotalvolumeofthegenerators was releasedandthatallthetritium
presentinthatinitialvolumewas released.Thecalculationfor thetotaltritiumactivityreleasedisas
follows:
3516ft3/generator*2.832E+04ml/ft3*4generators=3.983E+08ml
1.15E06 Ci/ml*3.983E+08 ml=4.60E+02CiofH3or4.60E04 CiofH3
Theactivityof4.60E04 Ciwas added tothe3rdQuartersectionofTable1A GaseousEffluents
SummationofAll Releasesand Table3C DosesfromAirborneEffluents-3rdQuarter.
IndividualDoses
PathwayExternal Dose QuarterlyPercentofLocation
Limit Limit Sector/Distance/Unit
GammaAir 0.00E+01mrad 5mrad <1 N/A
BetaAir 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Submersion
TotalBody 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Skin 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
OrganDose
Child/Thyroid 1.99E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 S/4010/meters
Child/TotalBody 1.99E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 S/4010/meters
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 2.07E06 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(organ) 2.07E06 manrem(Thyroid, Liver,Bone, GIT,Lung,Kidney)
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ReleaseType:Gaseous(Steam)
ReleasePoint:Unit2PowerOperatedRelief Valves(PORV)1,2,3,&4
Date(s)of Release:10/22/2108:00-11/06/2110:09
Thisevaluationisfor thereleasetotheenvironmentthatoccurredfromUnit2PORVs1,2,3and 4
duringtheU2R24refuelingoutage.Followingthereactortrip,theSteamGenerator PORVswereopen
for periodsof timeduringtheoutage.Thefollowingisdatausedtodeterminethecuriesanddose
impactsas aresultoftherelease:
x TheevaluationassumedthereleasewascontinuousfromPORVs1,2,3,and4.
x TherehavebeennogammaemittingradionuclidesidentifiedinanySecondaryCoolant
samplesduringthepreviouscycle.
Thevolumeofthesteamgeneratorwas takenfromWestinghouseGuidelinesforSecondary Water
Chemistry.Thelistednormalwaterlevel valueof3516ft3was used as aconservativevalue.This
calculationassumes thatthetotalvolumeofthegenerators was releasedandthatallthetritium
presentinthatinitialvolumewas released.Thecalculationfor thetotaltritiumactivityreleasedisas
follows:
3516ft3/generator*2.832E+04ml/ft3*4generators=3.983E+08ml
1.20E06 Ci/ml*3.983E+08 ml=4.76E+02CiofH3or4.76E04 CiofH3
Theactivityof1.25E03 Ciwas added tothe4thQuartersectionofTable1A GaseousEffluents
SummationofAll Releasesand Table3D DosesfromAirborneEffluents-4thQuarter.
IndividualDoses
PathwayExternal Dose QuarterlyPercentofLocation
Limit Limit Sector/Distance/Unit
GammaAir 0.00E+01mrad 5mrad <1 N/A
BetaAir 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Submersion
TotalBody 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
Skin 0.00E+01mrad 10mrad <1 N/A
OrganDose
Child/Thyroid 1.38E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 SSW/4363/meters
Child/TotalBody 1.38E07 mrad 7.5mrem <1 SSW/4363/meters
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 2.08E06 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(organ) 2.08E06 manrem(Thyroid, Liver,Bone,GIT,Lung,Kidney)
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F. Abnormal Releases
In calendaryear2021therewerenoabnormalreleases.
G. Nonroutine,Planned Discharges
In calendaryear2021therewerenononroutine planneddischarges.
H. RadioactiveWaste SystemTreatment Changes
In calendaryear2021therewerenochangestotheradwastesystemortheprocess
controlprogram.
I. LandUseCensus Changes
In calendaryear2021therewerenochangestothelandusecensus.
J. EffluentMonitoring Instrument Inoperability >30 Days
In calendaryear2021therewerenoeffluentmonitoringinstrumentsinoperable>30
days.
K. EffluentMonitoring Equipment Sample Deviation
Date DescriptionofDeviation
5/6/2021 On5/6/21at0941OperationsenteredODCMnonconformance 1.1.2actionsC,
CR#1692579 D, and Lduetocondenservacuumpumpsbeing startedwhile bypassingthe1 RM90 119 and 1RM90 99 radmonitors.OPSnotifiedChemistryand at1515
had placedtheODCMactionsintheLCO trackerineSOMS.Duetoplant
conditionstheradmonitorsremaininbypass.
On5/7/21atapproximately1230,Chemistry supervision discoveredduringlog
reviewthat compensatory samplinghadnotbeenperformedsince theentry
intotheODCMactions. Theapplicableactionfor ChemistryisactionDinthe
ODCMwhich istoperformanoblegassampleonceevery12hourswhileinnon compliance.Upondiscovery asamplewas immediatelyobtainedat1245and
analyzed whichmakes atotalof 2missedODCMsamplessince thenon conformancewas declared.
A Chemistrydepartmentstandingorderwas issuedtorequireshifttechnicians
tovalidate andenterthestatusof radiationmonitorsintheeSOMSChemistry
logsand laterreportingonthestatusofradiationmonitorsduringthe
Operationsturnover onashiftlyfrequency.
L. OffsiteDose Calculation Manual Changes
In calendaryear2021therewerenochangestotheOffsiteDoseCalculationManual.
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M. GroundwaterMonitoring and Program (NEI07 07)
MonitoringWells
SequoyahNuclear Plantstartedinvestigatingtritiumreleasestothegroundwaterin
2003duetoidentificationoftritiuminone oftheonsite monitoringwells.Thisstudy
involvedpressuretesting oftheradwastedischarge line,installationandsamplingof
groundwaterwells,visual inspection under therefuelingwaterstoragetanks(RWSTs)
and inspectionofdrainlines. Inadditiontotheone onsite RadiologicalEnvironmental
MonitoringProgram(REMP)groundwatermonitoringwell,SQNalsohas29nonREMP
monitoringwellstosupportmonitoringtheonsitegroundwaterplumeandfor the
presenceorincreaseof radioactivity.SQNupdated thenumberofwellsin2019tobetter
monitortheonsitegroundwater.These wellsaresampledperiodicallyfor tritium.
Thetritiumconcentrationsobtainedin2021fromthese non REMPwellsarelisted
below.Initialand followupanalysesfor thesemiannual samplingprocedureindicated
nogammaactivity.TritiumfluctuationinWell47icontinuestobeobserved(ref.
CR#1677302)and isconsistentwithseasonal variationduetosourcesfrompreviously
documentedlegacyreleases.Noleakstositegroundwater arecurrentlypresent.
Well ID Date Tritium(pC/L) Date Tritium(pC/L)
W9 1/12/20210:00 <1.380E+02 4/6/202110:35 <1.870E+02
7/13/20210:00 <1.660E+02 10/27/202111:20 <2.470E+02
W10 1/14/20210:00 3.78E+03 3/4/202112:50 3.40E+03
4/7/202113:20 3.98E+03 7/15/202115:20 1.80E+03
10/28/202114:20 1.90E+03
W11 1/12/20210:00 <1.360E+02 4/7/202112:45 <2.060E+02
7/13/202114:45 <1.620E+02 10/26/202111:55 <2.510E+02
W12 1/14/20210:00 1.17E+03 3/4/202111:50 8.67E+02
4/7/20219:55 1.12E+03 7/14/202115:25 7.15E+02
10/28/202114:50 8.77E+02
W13 1/12/20210:00 <1.400E+02 4/7/20219:15 <1.960E+02
7/13/202113:50 <1.980E+02 10/26/202110:40 <2.500E+02
W15 1/13/20210:00 <1.660E+02 3/4/202113:35 <2.440E+02
4/7/202114:05 <2.070E+02 7/14/202114:50 2.45E+02
10/28/202113:30 <1.950E+02
W16 1/13/20210:00 Dry 3/4/202115:45 3.73E+02
4/6/20219:50 6.26E+02 8/6/202111:05 6.54E+02
10/27/202115:53 Dry
W18 1/13/20210:00 4.30E+02 4/6/202112:15 4.72E+02
7/14/202111:45 3.98E+02 10/28/202112:05 3.73E+02
W24 4/5/202111:45 <1.920E+02 10/28/202110:05 <2.070E+02
W25 4/5/202112:20 <1.960E+02 10/26/202115:55 <2.450E+02
W26 4/5/202113:00 <1.940E+02 10/26/202115:25 <2.510E+02
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W27 4/7/20210:00 4.15E+02 10/27/202113:50 3.01E+02
W28 4/6/202115:05 <1.950E+02 10/27/202112:10 <2.480E+02
W36 1/12/20210:00 <1.370E+02 4/7/20218:45 <1.960E+02
7/13/202113:10 <1.610E+02 10/26/202112:20 <2.490E+02
W37 4/5/202113:50 <1.950E+02 10/26/202114:45 <2.480E+02
W38 1/14/20210:00 3.00E+02 4/5/202115:15 3.45E+02
7/15/202111:25 2.39E+02 10/27/202113:10 2.94E+02
W39 1/12/20210:00 <1.370E+02 4/6/20219:10 <1.880E+02
7/13/202111:55 <1.710E+02 10/27/202110:35 <2.410E+02
W40 4/6/202113:40 <1.870E+02 10/25/202113:40 <2.480E+02
W41 4/6/202114:25 <1.950E+02 10/25/202114:40 <2.470E+02
W42 1/12/20210:00 <1.400E+02 4/6/202113:00 <1.940E+02
7/14/202110:10 <1.630E+02 10/25/202115:25 <2.470E+02
W43 1/13/20210:00 <1.320E+02 4/7/202114:40 <2.020E+02
7/14/202110:50 <2.070E+02 10/26/202113:10 <2.510E+02
W44 1/13/20210:00 <2.660E+02 4/8/20219:10 <2.060E+02
7/15/202113:20 <2.360E+02 10/27/202115:00 2.72E+02
W45i 1/13/20210:00 2.43E+02 4/8/202110:20 3.03E+02
7/15/202112:40 3.81E+02 10/7/202114:30 <1.970E+02
W45s 1/13/20210:00 9.26E+02 4/8/20219:45 1.65E+03
7/15/202112:15 9.92E+02 10/27/202115:55 Dry
W46i 1/14/20210:00 7.04E+02 4/7/202111:10 5.58E+02
7/14/202114:05 2.96E+02 10/28/202111:20 5.65E+02
W46s 1/14/20210:00 <1.680E+02 4/7/202110:40 <2.060E+02
7/14/202113:30 1.45E+02 10/26/202113:45 <2.480E+02
W47i 1/14/20210:00 2.21E+04 3/4/202115:20 1.86E+04
4/8/202112:05 1.38E+04 7/15/202114:35 2.32E+04
10/28/202115:45 2.15E+04
W47s 1/14/20210:00 8.68E+03 3/4/202114:35 9.80E+03
4/8/202111:30 3.41E+03 7/15/202114:05 9.44E+03
10/28/202115:25 1.48E+03
W48 1/13/20210:00 1.61E+03 4/6/202111:20 1.27E+03
7/14/202112:45 1.26E+03 10/28/202112:50 1.20E+03
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Dosesfroml131Water lngestionPathway
TheREMP requirementsasspecifiedinTable3.121 fromNUREG 1301,"Offsite Does
CalculationManualGuidance:StandardRadiologicalEffluentControlsfor Pressurized
WaterReactors,"April1991,requiresanI131 specificanalysisfor drinkingwaterpathway
samplesiftheannualdosefromI131 isgreaterthan1mrem.Toevaluatetheneedfor
implementationofthisadditionalanalysis,thedrinkingwaterpathwaydosefromI131 to
themaximumorganandagegroupiscalculated.Theevaluationconfirmsthatthedrinking
waterpathwaydosefromI131 was lessthanthe1mremlimitandthattheperformanceof
theI131 specificanalysisisnotrequiredfor SQN REMPdrinkingwatersamples.
Units 1st2nd3rd4thTotal
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
I131Ci 0.00E+01 3.070E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 3.070E06
Child/Thyroid(mrem) 0.00E+01 3.20E07 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 3.20E07
Population/Thyroid(mrem) 0.00E+01 1.10E05 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 1.10E05
N. Errata/CorrectionstoPrevious ARERRs
NocorrectionsneededtopreviousARERRs.
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III. GaseousEffluents
Table1A GaseousEffluentsSummationofallReleases
Units 1st2nd3rd4thTotal Error %
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
A. FissionandActivationGases
1.TotalRelease Curies 1.63E01 1.45E+00 1.98E01 2.57E01 2.06E+00 11%
2.AverageRelease Ratefor uCi/sec 2.10E02 1.84E01 2.49E02 3.23E02
Period
3.PercentofTechnical % * * * * *
Specification(TS)Limit
B.Iodines
1.TotalRelease Curies 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 N/A***
2.AverageRelease Ratefor uCi/sec 0.00E+01** 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
Period
3.PercentofTSLimit % * * * * *
C.Particulates
1.TotalRelease Curies 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 N/A***
2.AverageRelease Ratefor uCi/sec 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
Period
3.PercentofTSLimit % * * * * *
D.Tritium
1.TotalRelease Curies 6.94E01 2.25E+00 1.74E+00 4.29E+00 8.97E+00 15%
2.AverageRelease Ratefor uCi/sec 8.93E02 2.86E01 2.19E01 5.39E01
Period
3.PercentofTechSpecLimit % * * * * *
E.Carbon14
1.TotalRelease Curies 5.68E+00 4.50E+00 5.56E+00 4.54E+00 2.03E+01
2.AverageRelease Ratefor uCi/sec 7.30E01 5.72E01 6.99E01 5.71E01
Period
3.PercentofTechSpecLimit % * * * * *
- ApplicableLimitsareexpressedintermsofdose.See Tables3AD.
- Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels.
- N/AErrorsinmeasurementarenotreportedfor thesevaluessince nonewereidentified during
thereportingperiod.
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Table1BGaseousEffluents- Ground LevelReleases(Batch)
Units 1st2nd3rd4thTotal
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.FissionandActivationGases
Ar41 Ci 1.53E01 7.33E01 1.61E01 2.37E01 1.28E+00
Xe131m Ci 0.00E+01* 0.00E+01 1.83E03 0.00E+01 1.83E03
Xe133 Ci 1.05E02 6.86E01 3.45E02 2.02E02 7.51E01
Xe135 Ci 0.00E+01 2.64E02 5.10E04 0.00E+01 2.69E02
TotalForPeriod Ci 1.63E01 1.45E+00 1.98E01 2.57E01 2.06E+00
2.Iodines
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
3.Particulates
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
4.GrossAlpha
GrossAlpha Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
5.Tritium
H3 Ci 7.86E02 1.92E+00 7.05E02 6.14E01 2.68E+00
6.Carbon14
C14 Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
- Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels.
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Table1BGaseousEffluents- Ground LevelReleases (Continuous)
Units 1st2nd3rd4thTotal
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.FissionandActivationGases
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01* 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
2.Iodines
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
3.Particulates
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
4.GrossAlpha
GrossAlpha Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
5.Tritium
H3 Ci 6.15E01 3.34E01 1.67E+00 3.67E+00 6.29E+00
6.Carbon14
C14 Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
- Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels.
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IV. LiquidEffluents
Table2A LiquidEffluentsSummationofallReleases
Units 1st2nd3rd4thAnnual Error%
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
A. FissionandActivationProducts
1.TotalRelease Curies 1.45E03 8.69E03 3.36E03 4.51E02 5.86E02 18%
2.AverageDilutedConcentration uCi/mL 6.58E10 3.30E09 1.35E09 1.79E08 5.95E09
3.PercentofTechSpecLimit % * * * *
B.Tritium
1.TotalRelease Curies 6.43E+02 4.89E+02 6.21E+02 1.09E+02 1.86E+03 18%
2.AverageDilutedConcentration uCi/mL 2.92E04 1.86E04 2.49E04 4.33E05 1.89E04
3.PercentofTechSpecLimit % * * * *
C.DissolvedandEntrainedNobleGases
1.TotalRelease Curies 9.93E04 1.10E03 1.24E03 9.34E05 3.42E03 39%
2.AverageDilutedConcentration uCi/mL 4.51E10 4.17E10 4.96E10 3.71E11 3.47E10
3.PercentofTechSpecLimit % * * * *
D.Gross AlphaRadioactivity
1.TotalRelease Curies 0.00E+01** 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 N/A***
E.VolumeofLiquid Wasteto Liters 1.71E+06 2.60E+06 2.23E+06 2.13E+06 8.66E+06 4%
DischargeCanal(priorto
dilution)
F.VolumeofDilutionWaterfor Liters 2.13E+09 2.53E+09 2.38E+09 2.43E+09 9.47E+09 N/A
Period
- ApplicableLimitsareexpressedintermsofdose.See Tables4AD.
- Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels.
- N/AErrors inmeasurementarenotreportedforthesevaluessincenonewereidentifiedduring
thereportingperiod.
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Table2BLiquidEffluents- BatchMode
Units 1st2nd3rd4th Total
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.FissionandActivationProducts
Cr51 Ci *0.00E+01 3.74E03 2.44E04 9.86E03 1.39E02
Mn54 Ci 3.32E05 5.63E05 3.10E05 9.25E04 1.05E03
Fe55 Ci 1.52E04 1.05E04 5.05E05 0.00E+01 3.07E04
Co58 Ci 9.81E06 7.58E04 2.63E04 6.95E03 7.98E03
Fe59 Ci 0.00E+01 1.54E05 0.00E+01 1.22E04 1.37E04
Co60 Ci 1.06E03 1.73E03 1.34E03 1.32E02 1.73E02
Ni63 Ci 1.30E04 7.55E04 1.12E03 2.51E03 4.52E03
Zn65 Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 1.09E05 1.83E04 1.94E04
Sr91 Ci 0.00E+01 8.97E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 8.97E06
Zr95 Ci 0.00E+01 2.41E04 1.23E05 1.40E03 1.66E03
Nb95 Ci 0.00E+01 4.72E04 2.84E05 2.26E03 2.76E03
Nb97 Ci 0.00E+01 1.64E04 5.14E05 7.96E05 2.95E04
Ag110m Ci 0.00E+01 1.82E04 1.27E05 0.00E+01 1.95E04
Sn113 Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 2.09E05 2.09E05
Sn117m Ci 0.00E+01 1.86E05 0.00E+01 4.57E06 2.32E05
Sb122 Ci 0.00E+01 1.83E05 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 1.83E05
Sb124 Ci 0.00E+01 1.66E04 1.95E05 1.23E03 1.41E03
Sb125 Ci 6.03E05 2.32E04 1.69E04 4.87E03 5.33E03
Te129m Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 5.66E04 5.66E04
Te131m Ci 0.00E+01 8.68E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 8.68E06
I131 Ci 3.07E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 3.07E06
Te132 Ci 0.00E+01 7.47E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 7.47E06
I132 Ci 0.00E+01 6.90E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 6.90E06
Cs136 Ci 0.00E+01 3.38E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 3.38E06
Cs137 Ci 5.42E06 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 9.73E04 9.78E04
TotalForPeriod Ci 1.45E03 8.69E03 3.36E03 4.51E02 5.86E02
2.DissolvedandEntrainedGases
Ar41 Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 6.36E05 0.00E+01 6.36E05
Xe133 Ci 9.93E04 1.06E03 1.03E03 8.88E05 3.17E03
Xe135m Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 4.60E06 4.60E06
Xe135 Ci 0.00E+01 3.99E05 1.40E04 0.00E+01 1.80E04
TotalForPeriod Ci 9.93E04 1.10E03 1.24E03 9.34E05 3.42E03
* Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels
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Table2BLiquidEffluents- ContinuousMode
Units 1st2nd3rd4thTotal
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
1.FissionandActivationProducts
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
2.DissolvedandEntrainedGases
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
3.Tritium
TotalForPeriod Ci 6.16E01 3.34E01 1.67E+00 3.67E+00 6.29E+00
4.GrossAlphaActivity
TotalForPeriod Ci 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
- Zeroesindicatethatnoradioactivitywaspresentatdetectablelevels
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V. SolidWasteStorageandShipment
SolidWasteShippedOffsitefor Burial orDisposal(notIrradiatedFuel)
12Month Est.Tot.
1.Typeof Waste Unit Period Error%
a.SpentResins,FilterSludges,Evaporator m3 5.50 +5.00E01
Bottoms,etc. Ci 1.60E+01 +2.29E+01
b.DryActiveWaste, CompressibleWaste m3 728 +1.00E+01
ContaminatedEquipment,etc. Ci 4.56E+00 +2.29E+01
c. Irradiated Components,Controlm30.00+1.00E+01
Rods,etc. Ci 0.00E+00 +2.29E+01
d.Other:GlycolSentfor Processing m3 102 +1.00E+01
Ci 2.66E02 +2.29E+01
Thereportedvolumeforcategoryawasteisbasedonthevolumeofthedisposalcontainer.Waste
volumesfor categoriesb,c,and darebasedonthenetwastevolumerather than theshippingcontainer
volume. Duringtransit,thewastefor categorybmaysettleresultinginanoverallreducedvolume. The
reductionindisposalvolumeisestimatedtobe10percentduetosettling.Volume estimates for
categoryb wasteswerebasedonavisual inspectionofthecontainerscontentsanditspercentfull.
Theestimatedtotalerror(percent)forthetotalCuriesshippedisbasedoncalculatingthesquareroot
ofthesumofthesquaresmethod.Threeparameterswereconsidered as importantfor estimatingthe
error.The parameters werevarianceswithsamplepreparationandcountinggeometry,survey
instrumentaccuracy for dosetoCurie evaluations,and infield samplingtechniques.Theassigned
valuesfor theseparameterswere20,10,and 5percent,respectively.
Totalerror(%)=(0.202 +0.102+0.052)1/2 x100=22.9%
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2.EstimateofMajor NuclideComposition(bytypeofwaste)
a.Spentresins,filtersludges,evaporatorbottoms,etc.(nuclidesdeterminedbymeasurement)
Nuclide Curies Percent
1 Hydrogen3 2.38E02 0.02
2 Carbon14 1.67E01 0.14
3 Chromium51 1.43E03 0
4 Manganese54 1.43E+00 1.22
5 Iron55 1.21E+01 10.29
6 Iron59 6.03E04 0
7 Cobalt57 1.88E02 0.02
8 Cobalt58 1.13E01 0.1
9 Cobalt60 5.27E+01 44.86
10 Nickel59 6.78E01 0.58
11 Nickel63 4.58E+01 38.95
12 Zinc65 2.55E01 0.0022
13 Strontium89 2.39E05 0.01
14 Strontium90 1.60E02 0.07
15 Zirconium95 7.82E02 0.15
16 Niobium95 1.71E01 0.01
17 Technitium99 9.89E03 0.0001
18 Silver110m 9.24E04 0
19 Tin113 5.35E03 0
20 Antimony124 3.15E04 0
21 Antimony125 2.44E01 0.21
22 Cesium134 5.67E02 0.05
23 Cesium137 3.55E+00 3.02
24 Cerium144 4.62E02 0.04
25 Plutonium238 1.71E04 0
26 Plutonium239 5.54E05 0
27 Plutonium240 5.54E05 0
28 Plutonium241 5.46E02 0.05
29 Americium241 1.76E04 0
30 Curium242 4.51E05 0
31 Curium243 1.55E04 0
32 Curium244 1.43E04 0
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b.Dry activewaste, compressiblewaste,contaminatedequipment,etc. (nuclidesdeterminedby
estimate)
Nuclide Curies Percent
1 Hydrogen3 5.16E02 0.08
2 Carbon14 1.81E02 0.03
3 Manganese54 1.74E+00 2.54
4 Iron55 5.28E+01 77.21
5 Cobalt57 1.30E02 0.02
6 Cobalt58 8.96E02 0.13
7 Cobalt60 1.30E+01 19.01
8 Nickel63 1.47E02 0.02
9 Zinc65 3.96E01 0.58
10 Strontium90 2.09E03 0.00
11 Zirconium95 4.54E02 0.07
12 Niobium95 8.74E02 0.13
13 Antimony124 6.90E02 0.10
14 Cesium137 1.88E02 0.03
15 Cerium144 4.15E02 0.06
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c.IrradiatedComponents
Nuclide Curies Percent
N/A N/A N/A
d.Other
Nuclide Curies Percent
1 Hydrogen3 1.13E 02 42.31
2 Carbon14 3.15E 06 0.01
3 Chromium51 4.65E 18 5.49
4 Manganese54 1.46E 03 1.13
5 Iron55 3.01E 04 35.47
6 Cobalt57 9.45E 03 0.01
7 Cobalt58 2.50E 06 1.22
8 Cobalt60 3.26E 04 8.61
9 Nickel63 2.29E 03 0.01
10 Zinc65 2.55E 06 0.66
11 Strontium90 1.75E 04 0.01
12 Zirconium95 2.77E 06 0.10
13 Niobium95 2.56E 05 0.18
14 Silver110m 4.70E 05 0.51
15 Tin117m 1.37E 04 0.03
16 Antimony124 7.57E 06 1.28
17 Antimony125 3.41E 04 2.66
18 Cesium137 7.08E 04 0.09
19 Cerium144 2.49E 05 0.22
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3.SolidWasteDisposition
- a. Spentresins,filtersludges,evaporatorbottoms,etc.
Number ofQuantity Modeof
Shipments Type Transportation Destination
1 ALSA II MotorFreight EnergySolutionsServices,LLC
Clive DisposalSiteTreatment
FacilityInterstate 80,Exit49
Clive,UT84029
1 TypeB MotorFreight WasteControl Specialist,LLC
CompactWasteDisposalFacility
9998W.StateHwy.176
Andrews,TX79714
- b. Dryactivewaste,compressiblewaste, contaminatedequipment,etc.
Number ofQuantity Modeof
Shipments Type Transportation Destination
8 ALSA II Motor Freight TOXCOInc.
TOXCOMaterials ManagementCenter
109FlintRd.
OakRidge,TN37830
6 ALSA IIMotorFreight TOXCOInc.
Limited Quantity TOXCOMaterials ManagementCenter
109FlintRd.
OakRidge,TN37830
3 Limited Quantity MotorFreight TOXCOInc.
TOXCOMaterials ManagementCenter
109FlintRd.
OakRidge,TN37830
1 ALSA II Motor Freight EnergySolutionsServices,Inc.
1560BearCreekRd.OakRidge,TN
37830
c.Irradiatedcomponents,control rods,etc.
Number ofQuantity Modeof
Shipments Type Transportation Destination
None N/A N/A N/A
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d.Other:Glycolfor processing
Number ofQuantity Modeof
Shipments TypeTransportation Destination
3 ExemptMotorFreight EnergySolutionsServices,Inc.
Quantity 1560BearCreekRd.Oak
Ridge,TN37830
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4.IrradiatedFuelShipments(Disposition)
Number ofShipments TypeQuantity ModeofTransportation Destination
None N/A N/A N/A
5.SolidificationofWaste
Was solidificationperformed?No
Ifyes,solidificationmedia:N/A
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VI. IndependentSpentFuelStorageInstallation
SQN implemented useofanindependentspentfuelstorageinstallation(ISFSI)on
July13, 2004.10CFR72.214CertificateofCompliance(CoC)Nos.1014and 1032correspond
tothetwocertificatesofthespentfuelstoragesystems inuseattheISFSI.TheISFSIis
located onsite, withintheprotectedareaand isdesigned tohold90spentfuelstorage
canisters(SFSCs).CoC Nos.1014and 1032AppendixA Chapter5requiresanannualreport
inaccordancewith10CFR72.44(d)(3).CoC Nos.1014and 1032Chapter5alsoprovidesthat
theISFSIoperationsmaybeconsidered partofplantoperationsfor thepurposesofthe
radiologicalenvironmentalmonitoringprogram.
CoCNo.1014Section 5.4astatesTheHISTORM 100CaskSystemdoesnotcreateany
radioactivematerialorhaveanyradioactivewastetreatmentsystems.Therefore,specific
operating proceduresfor thecontrol of radioactiveeffluentsarenotrequired.
Specification3.1.1, MultiPurpose Canister(MPC),providesassurancethatthere arenot
radioactiveeffluentsfromSFSC.
CoCNo.1032Section5.1astates,TheHI STORMFWMPCStorageSystemdoesnotcreate
anyradioactivematerialsorhaveanyradioactivewastetreatmentsystems.Therefore,
specificoperatingproceduresforthecontrolofradioactiveeffluentsarenotrequired.
Specification3.1.1,MultiPurposeCanister(MPC), providesassurancethattherearenot
radioactiveeffluentsfromtheSFSC.
TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency limitsfor thetotal dosetothepublicinthevicinity
ofanuclear powerplant,establishedintheEnvironmentalDoseStandard of 40CFR190,are
as follows:
TotalBody 25mrem/year
Thyroid 75mrem/year
Anyotherorgan 25mrem/year
AlthoughCoCNos.1014and 1032provide thattheHISTORM 100CaskSystemandHI STORMFWMPCStorageSystemdonotcreate anyradioactive materialorhaveany
radioactivewastetreatmentsystems,for thisreport,total sitereleasesincludetheSQN ISFSI
as partoftheSQNsiteandpartof plantoperations.Thesereleasesarewithin40CFR190
limitsand10CFR72.104limits.
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VII. RadiologicalImpacttoMan
A. Introduction
Potentialdosestomaximumindividualsand thepopulationaroundSequoyahNuclear
Plant(SQN)arecalculatedfor each quarteras requiredinSection5.2oftheOffsite Dose
CalculationManual(ODCM).Measuredplantreleasesfor thereportingperiodareused to
estimatethese doses.Dispersion ofradioactiveeffluentsintheenvironmentisestimated
usingmeteorologicaldataand riverflowdata.Inthisreport, thedosesresultingfrom
releasesaredescribedandcomparedtolimitsestablishedfor SQN.
B. DoseLimits
TheODCMspecifieslimitsforthereleaseof radioactiveeffluents,as wellas limitsfor
dosestothegeneralpublicfromthereleaseofradioactiveeffluents.These limitsaresetwell
belowtheTechnicalSpecificationlimitswhichgoverntheconcentrationsof radioactivityand
dosespermissibleinunrestrictedareas.Thisensuresthatradioactive effluentreleasesare
AsLowAsReasonablyAchievable.
Thelimitsfor dosesinunrestrictedareasfromairbornenoblegases releasedare:
x Less thanorequalto5mradperquarterand 10mradperyear(perreactor unit)
for gammaradiation
x Less thanorequalto10mradperquarterand20mradperyear(perreactorunit)
for betaradiation.
Thelimitfor thedosetoamemberofthegeneralpublicinanunrestrictedareafrom
Iodinesandparticulatesreleasedinairborneeffluentsis:
x Less thanorequalto7.5mremperquarterand15mremperyear(perreactor
unit)toanyorgan.
Thelimitsfor dosestoamemberofthegeneralpublicfromradioactivematerialinliquid
effluentsreleasedtounrestricted areasare:
x Less thanorequalto1.5mremperquarterand3mremperyear(perreactor
unit)tothetotal body
x Less thanorequalto5mremperquarterand 10mremperyear(perreactorunit)
toanyorgan.
TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencylimitsfor totaldosetothepublicinthevicinityofa
nuclearpowerplant,establishedintheEnvironmentalDoseStandard of40CFR190are:
x Less thanorequalto25mremperyeartothetotalbody,
x Less thanorequalto75mremperyeartothethyroid,
x Less thanorequalto25mremperyeartoanyotherorgan.
C. DoseCalculations
Estimated dosestothepublic aredeterminedusing computermodels: GaseousEffluent
LicensingCode(GELC),andtheQuarterlyWaterDoseAssessmentCode(QWATA).These
modelsarebasedonguidance providedbytheNRC(in Regulatory Guides1.109,1.111and
1.113)for determiningthepotentialdosetoindividualsand populationslivinginthevicinity
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oftheplant.Theareaaroundtheplantisanalyzedtodeterminethepathwaysthroughwhich
thepublicmayreceiveadose.Thedosescalculatedarearepresentationof thedosetoa
"maximumexposedindividual."Some of thefactorsused inthesecalculations(such as
ingestionrates)aremaximumvalues.ManyofthesefactorsareobtainedfromNUREG/CR 1004.Thevalueschosen willtendtooverestimatethedosetothis"maximum"person. The
expecteddose toactualindividualsislower.ThecalculateddosesarepresentedinTables3
and 4.
D. Dosesfrom Airborne Effluents
Forairborneeffluents,thepubliccanbeexposedtoradiationfromseveralsources:direct
radiationfromtheradioactivityintheair, directradiationfromradioactivitydepositedonthe
ground,inhalationofairborneradioactivity,ingestionofvegetationwhich contains
radioactivitydepositedfromtheatmosphere, andingestionofmilkandbeefwhichcontains
radioactivitydepositedfromtheatmosphereontovegetationandsubsequentlyeatenby
milkandbeefanimals.
AirborneDischargePoints
All releasesfromSQNareconsidered groundlevel releases.Thegroundlevel Joint
FrequencyDistribution(JFD)isderivedfromwindspeedsanddirectionsmeasured10meters
abovegroundandfromtheverticaltemperature differencebetween10and46meters,as
presented foreachquarterinSection VIIMeteorologicalData.
Meteorological Data
MeteorologicalvariablesatSQN aremeasuredcontinuously.Measurementscollected
includewindspeed,winddirection,andtemperatureatheightsof10,46,and 91meters
abovetheground.QuarterlyJFDsarecalculatedforeach releasepointusingtheappropriate
levelsofmeteorologicaldata.A JFDprovidesthepercentageofthetimeinaquarterthatthe
windisblowingoutofaparticularupwindcompasssectorinaparticularrangeofwind
speedsfor agivenstabilityclassA through G.Thewindspeedsaredividedintoninewind
speedranges.Calmsaredistributedbydirection inproportiontothedistributionofnon calm
winddirectionslessthan0.7m/s(1.5mph). Stabilityclassesaredeterminedfromthevertical
temperaturedifferencebetweentwomeasurementlevels.Thisyear,duetoanissueduring
analignmentofasonicsensor used todeterminewinddirection,thewinddatafor Q42021
was lost. ThisisreflectedinCR#1742782.Dosecalculationsfor thisperiodforgaseous
releasesreflecta10yearaveragedatacalculatedfor 20092018, asthiswould most
accuratelyreflectatheoreticalmodelintheabsenceofempiricalquarterlydata.
ExternalExposureDose
Doseestimates for maximumexternalairdose(gammaair andbetaair doses)aremade
for pointsatand beyondtheunrestrictedarea boundary as describedintheSQNODCM.The
highestofthesedosesisthenselected.
SubmersionDose
Externaldosestotheskinand totalbody,duetosubmersioninacloudofnoblegases,are
estimated forthenearestresidenceineachsector.Theresidencewiththehighestdoseis
thenselectedfromall sectors.
OrganDose
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Dosestoorgansduetoreleasesofairborneeffluentsareestimatedfor theinhalation,
groundcontamination,andingestionpathways.Theingestionpathwayisfurtherdividedinto
fourpossiblecontributingpathways: ingestionofcowmilk,ingestion of beef,andingestion
ofvegetables.Dosesfromapplicablepathwaysarecalculatedfor eachrealreceptorlocation
identifiedinthemostrecentlandusesurvey.Todeterminethemaximumorgandose,the
dosesfromthepathwaysaresummedfor each receptor.Fortheingestiondose,however,
onlythose pathwaysthat existfor eachreceptorareconsidered inthesum,i.e.,milk
ingestiondosesareincludedonlyfor locationswheremilkisconsumedwithout commercial
preparationandvegetableingestionisincludedonlyforthose locationswhereagardenis
identified.Toconservatively accountfor beefingestion,abeefingestiondoseequaltothat
for thehighest unrestrictedarea boundary location isaddedtoeachidentifiedreceptor.For
groundcontamination,thedoseaddedtotheorgandosebeingcalculatedisthetotalbody
dosecalculatedfor thatlocation,i.e.,itisassumedthatthedosetoanindividualorganis
equaltothetotal bodydose.
DosesfromairborneeffluentsarepresentedinTable3.
E. Dosesfrom Liquid Effluents
Forliquideffluents,thepubliccanbeexposedtoradiationfromthree sources:the
ingestionofwaterfromtheTennesseeRiver,theingestionoffishcaughtintheTennessee
River,anddirectexposurefromradioactivematerialdepositedontherivershoreline
sediment(recreation).
Theconcentrationsof radioactivityintheTennessee Riverareestimatedbyacomputer
model whichusesmeasuredhydraulicdatadownstreamofSQN. Parametersused to
determinethedosesarebasedonguidancegivenbytheNRC(in RegulatoryGuide1.109)for
maximum ingestionrates,exposuretimes,etc.Whereverpossible,parametersused inthe
dosecalculationaresitespecificusefactorsdeterminedbyTVA.Themodelsthat areused to
estimatedoses, as wellas theparametersinputtothemodels,aredescribedindetailinthe
SQN ODCM.
LiquidReleasePointsandRiver Data
RadioactivityconcentrationsintheTennesseeRiverarecalculatedassumingthatreleases
inliquideffluentsarecontinuous.RoutineliquidreleasesfromSQN,locatedatTennessee
River Mile484,aremadethroughdiffuserswhich extendinto theTennesseeRiver.Itis
assumedthatreleasestotheriverthrough thesediffuserswillinitiallybeentrainedinone fifthof thewaterwhichflowspasttheplant.TheQWATAcodeassumesthatthismixing
conditionholdstrueuntilthewateriscompletelymixed atthefirstdownstreamdam,at
TennesseeRiverMile471.
Dosesarecalculatedfor locationswithina50mile radiusdownstreamoftheplant site.
Themaximumpotentialrecreationdoseiscalculatedfor alocationimmediatelydownstream
fromtheplantoutfall.Themaximum individualdosefromingestionoffishisassumedtobe
thatcalculatedfor theconsumptionof fishcaughtanywherebetweentheplantand thefirst
downstreamdam(ChickamaugaDam).Themaximumindividualdosefromdrinkingwateris
assumedtobethat calculatedatthenearestdownstreampublicwatersupply(EastSide
Utilities). Thiscouldbeinterpretedas indicatingthatthemaximumindividual,as assumedfor
liquidreleasesfromSequoyah,isanindividualwhoobtainsall ofhisdrinkingwateratEast
SideUtilities,consumesfishcaughtfromtheTennesseeRiverbetweenSQNand
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ChickamaugaDam,andspends500hoursperyearontheshorelinejustbelowtheoutfall
fromSequoyah. Doseestimatesfor themaximumindividualduetoliquideffluentsfor each
quarter intheperiodarepresented inTable4,alongwiththeaverageriverflowspastthe
plantsitefor theperiods.
Populationdoses arecalculatedassumingthateachindividualconsumesmilk,vegetables,
and meatproducedwithinthesectorannulusinwhichheresides.Dosesfromexternal
pathwaysandinhalationarebasedonthe50milehumanpopulationdistribution.
F. PopulationDoses
Populationdoses for highest exposedorganduetoairborneeffluentsarecalculatedfor
anestimated1,060,000personslivingwithina50mile radiusof theplantsite.Dosesfrom
externalpathwaysand inhalationarebasedonthe50mile humanpopulationdistribution.
Ingestionpopulationdosesfor totalbodyand themaximumexposedorganduetoliquid
effluentsarecalculatedfor theentiredownstreamTennessee Riverpopulation.Water
ingestionpopulationdosesarecalculatedusingactualpopulationfiguresfor downstream
publicwatersupplies. Fishingestionpopulationdosesarecalculatedassumingthatallsport
fishcaughtintheTennesseeRiverareconsumed bytheTennesseeRiver population.
Recreationpopulationdosesarecalculatedusingactualrecreationaldataonthenumberof
shorelinevisitsatdownstreamlocations.
Populationdoseestimatesfor airborneand liquideffluentsarepresentedinTables3and
4.
G. OffsiteDirect Radiation Dose
Externalgammaradiationlevelsweremeasuredbydosimeters deployedaroundSQNas
partoftheoffsite REMP.Thequarterlygammaradiationlevelsdeterminedfromthese
dosimetersduringthisreportingperiodaveragedapproximately15.0mrem/quarter atonsite
(atornearthesiteboundary)stationsand approximately14.2mrem/quarteratoffsite
stations,orapproximately0.8mrem/quarterhigheronsitethanatoffsitestations.This
difference isconsistentwithlevelsmeasuredfor preoperational andconstructionphasesof
theTVAnuclear plantsitewheretheaverageradiationlevelsonsiteweregenerally13
mrem/quarterhigherthanthelevelsoffsite.Thismaybeattributabletonaturalvariationsin
environmentalradiationlevels,earthmovingactivitiesonsite,themass ofconcrete
employedintheconstruction oftheplants,orotherundeterminedinfluences. Fluctuations
innatural backgrounddoserates andindosimeters readingstendtomaskanysmall
incrementswhichmaybeduetoplantoperations.Thus,therewasnoidentifiableincreasein
doserate levelsattributabletodirectradiationfromplantequipmentand/orgaseous
effluents.
H. Dosetoa Memberof the Public Inside the Site Boundary
AsstatedintheSQNODCM, anevaluationofthedose toamemberof thepublicinside
theunrestrictedarea boundary isperformedfor ahypotheticalTVAemployeewhoworks
justoutsidetherestrictedarea boundaryfor anentireworkyear(2000hours).Resultsfrom
onsitedosimeter measurementsfor 2021indicatethatthehighest onsitedosimeterreading
was 20mremafter subtractionoftheannualbackgroundvalueof49mrem/year(from
perimeter dosimetersaroundSequoyah).Usingthisvalueandmultiplyingbytheratioof the
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occupancytimes(2000/8760),theexternaldosewas4.57mrem.Thedosesdueto
radioactiveeffluentsreleasedtotheatmospherecalculatedinthisreportwouldnotadda
significantamounttothismeasureddose.Thisdoseiswellbelowthe10CFR20annuallimit
of100mrem.
I. TotalDose
Todeterminecompliancewith40CFR190,annualtotaldosecontributionstothe
maximum individualfromSQNradioactiveeffluentsandothernearby uraniumfuelcycle
sourcesareconsidered.
Theannualdosetoanyorganotherthanthyroidfor themaximumindividualis
conservativelyestimatedbysummingthefollowingdoses:thetotalbodyairsubmersion
dosefor eachquarter,thecriticalorgandose(for anyorganotherthanthethyroid)from
airborneeffluentsfor eachquarter fromgroundcontamination,inhalation andingestion,the
totalbodydose fromliquideffluentsforeachquarter,themaximumorgandose(for any
organotherthanthethyroid)fromliquideffluentsforeachquarter,and anyidentifiable
increaseindirectradiationdoselevelsasmeasuredbytheenvironmentalmonitoring
program.This doseiscomparedtothe40CFR190limitfor totalbodyoranyorgandose
(otherthanthyroid)todeterminecompliance.
Theannualthyroiddosetothemaximumindividualisconservativelyestimatedby
summingthefollowingdoses:thetotalbodyairsubmersiondosefor eachquarter,the
thyroid dosefromairborneeffluentsforeachquarter,thetotalbodydosefromliquid
effluentsfor each quarter,thethyroiddosefromliquideffluentsforeach quarter,and any
identifiableincreaseindirectradiationdoselevelsas measuredbytheenvironmental
monitoringprogram.Thisdoseiscomparedtothe40CFR190limitfor thyroiddoseto
determinecompliance.
Cumulativeannualtotaldoses arepresentedinTable5.
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J. Tables
Table3A DosesfromAirborneEffluents- 1stQuarter
IndividualDoses
Pathway Dose QuarterlyLimit Percentof Location
Limit
External
GammaAir 1.34E04 5mrad <1% SSW/1840/meters
BetaAir 4.84E05 10mrad <1% SSW/1840/meters
Submersion
TotalBody 1.00E04 10mrad <1% SSW/2129/meters
Skin 1.48E04 10mrad <1% SSW/2129/meters
OrganDoses
(Iodine,Tritium,Particulateswith>8Day halflife)
Child/Bone 2.99E01 7.5mrem 4.0% NNE/3770/meters
(Max)
Child/Thyroid 6.00e02 7.5mrem <1% NNE/3770/meters
Child/Total 6.00E02 7.5mrem <1% NNE/3770/meters
Body
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 3.36E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 1.67E+00manrem (Bone)
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Table3BDosesfromAirborneEffluents- 2ndQuarter
IndividualDoses
Pathway Dose QuarterlyLimit Percentof Location
Limit
External
GammaAir 1.29E03 5mrad <1% N/950/meters
BetaAir 5.95E04 10mrad <1% N/950/meters
Submersion
TotalBody 8.92E04 10mrad <1% NNW/864/meters
Skin 1.35E03 10mrad <1% NNW/864/meters
OrganDoses
(Iodine,Tritium,Particulateswith>8Day halflife)
Child/Bone 4.64E01 7.5mrem 6.2% WSW/1152/meters
(Max)
Child/Thyroid 9.41E02 7.5mrem 1.3% WSW/1152/meters
Child/Total 9.41E02 7.5mrem 1.3% WSW/1152/meters
Body
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 4.61E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 2.26E+00manrem (Bone)
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Table3CDosesfromAirborneEffluents- 3rdQuarter
IndividualDoses
Pathway Dose QuarterlyLimit Percentof Location
Limit
External
GammaAir 2.88E04 5mrad <1% S/1570/meters
BetaAir 1.10E04 10mrad <1% S/1570/meters
Submersion
TotalBody 2.25E04 10mrad <1% S/1764/meters
Skin 3.33E04 10mrad <1% S/1764/meters
OrganDoses
(Iodine,Tritium,Particulateswith>8Day halflife)
Child/Bone 4.84E01 7.5mrem 6.5% S/4010/meters
(Max)
Child/Thyroid 9.73e02 7.5mrem 1.3% S/4010/meters
Child/Total 9.73e02 7.5mrem 1.3% S/4010/meters
Body
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 4.78E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 2.36E+00manrem (Bone)
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Table3DDosesfromAirborneEffluents- 4thQuarter
IndividualDoses
Pathway Dose QuarterlyLimit Percentof Location
Limit
External
GammaAir 3.19E04 5mrad <1% N/950/meters
BetaAir 1.16E04 10mrad <1% N/950/meters
Submersion
TotalBody 1.83E04 10mrad <1% SSW/2129/meters
Skin 2.70E04 10mrad <1% SSW/2129/meters
OrganDoses
(Iodine,Tritium,Particulateswith>8Day halflife)
Child/Bone 2.69E01 7.5mrem 3.6% SSW/4363/meters
(Max)
Child/Thyroid 5.48e02 7.5mrem <1% WSW/1152/meters
Child/Total 5.48E02 7.5mrem <1% WSW/1152/meters
Body
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 3.91e01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 1.88e+00manrem (Bone)
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Table4A DosesfromLiquidEffluents- 1stQuarter
IndividualDoses
AgeGroup Organ Dose QuarterlyLimit PercentofLimit
Child(Max) Bone/GIT/Liver 1.40E03 5mrem <1%
Kidney/Lung
Child Thyroid 1.40E03 5mrem <1%
Child Total Body 1.40E03 1.5mrem <1%
AverageRiverflowpastSQN (cubicfeetpersecond):55,371
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 1.20E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 1.20E01 manrem (Bone/GIT/Thyroid/Liver/Kidney/Lung)
Table4BDosesfromLiquidEffluents- 2ndQuarter
IndividualDoses
AgeGroup Organ Dose QuarterlyLimit PercentofLimit
Child(Max) Bone/GIT 2.00E03 5mrem <1%
Child/Infant Thyroid 1.90E03 5mrem <1%
Child/Infant Total Body 1.90E03 1.5mrem <1%
AverageRiverflowpastSQN (cubicfeetpersecond):30,838
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 1.70E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 1.70E01 manrem (Bone/GIT/Thyroid/Liver/Kidney/Lung)
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Table4CDosesfromLiquidEffluents- 3rdQuarter
IndividualDoses
AgeGroup Organ Dose QuarterlyLimit PercentofLimit
Child Bone/GIT/Liver 2.30E03 5mrem <1%
Kidney/Lung
Child Thyroid 2.30E03 5mrem <1%
Child Total Body 2.30E03 1.5mrem <1%
AverageRiverflowpastSQN (cubicfeetpersecond):32,432
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 2.00E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 2.00E01 manrem (Bone/GIT/Thyroid/Liver/Kidney/Lung)
Table4DDosesfromLiquidEffluents- 4thQuarter
IndividualDoses
AgeGroup Organ Dose QuarterlyLimit PercentofLimit
Adult GIT 2.40E03 5mrem <1%
Child Thyroid 7.30E04 5mrem <1%
Adult Total Body 8.10E04 1.5mrem <1%
AverageRiverflowpastSQN (cubicfeetpersecond):33,875
PopulationDoses
TotalBodyDose 1.10E01 manrem
MaximumOrgan Dose(Organ) 1.20E01 manrem (GIT)
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Table5TotalDosefromFuelCycle
Dose FirstSecond Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
TotalBody oranyOrgan(exceptthyroid)
Totalbodyair 1.00E04 8.92E04 2.25E04 1.83E04
(submersion)
Critical organ2.99E01 4.64E01 4.84E01 2.69E01
dose
(airborne)
Totalbody 1.40E03 1.90E03 2.30E03 8.10E04
dose(liquid)
Maximum 1.40E03 2.00E03 2.30E03 2.40E03
organdose
(liquid)
Direct 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01 0.00E+01
Radiation
Dose
Total 3.02E01 4.69E01 4.89E01 2.72E01
CumulativeTotalDose(mrem) 1.53
AnnualDoseLimit(mrem) 25
PercentofLimit 6.13
Thyroid
Totalbodyair 1.00E04 8.92E04 2.25E04 1.83E04
(submersion)
Thyroiddose 6.00e02 9.41E02 9.73e02 5.48e02
(airborne)
Totalbody 1.40E03 1.90E03 2.30E03 8.10E04
dose(liquid)
Thyroiddose 1.40E03 1.90E03 2.30E03 7.30E04
(liquid)
Total 6.29E02 9.88E02 1.02E01 5.65E02
CumulativeTotalDose(mrem) 3.20E01
AnnualDoseLimit(mrem) 75
PercentofLimit <1
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VIII. JointFrequencyDistributionTables
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