ML21141A334

Advanced Reactors GEIS Docs - EPA - Psd and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases

ML21141A334
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Issue date:	05/21/2021
From:	NRC
To:	NRC/NMSS/DREFS
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Download: ML21141A334 (97)

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From: Dozier, Tami Sent: Friday, May 21, 2021 5:19 PM To: AdvancedReactors-GEISDocsPEm Resource

Subject:

EPA - PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases Attachments: EPA 2011 ghgpermittingguidance.pdf

PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases

EPA-457/B-11-001 March 2011 PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for Greenhouse Gases U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Air Quality Policy Division Research Triangle Park, NC

Disclaimer This document explains the requirements of EPA regulations, describes EPA policies, and recommends procedures for permitting authorities to use to ensure that permitting decisions are consistent with applicable regulations. This document is not a rule or regulation, and the guidance it contains may not apply to a particular situation based upon the individual facts and circumstances. This guidance does not change or substitute for any law, regulation, or any other legally binding requirement and is not legally enforceable. The use of non-mandatory language such as guidance, recommend, may, should, and can, is intended to describe EPA policies and recommendations. Mandatory terminology such as must and required are intended to describe controlling requirements under the terms of the Clean Air Act and EPA regulations, but this document does not establish legally binding requirements in and of itself.



Table of Contents

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1. General Requirements .............................................................................................................................. 13

2. Contemporaneous Netting ........................................................................................................................ 15



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A. Calculating GHG Mass-Based and CO2e-Based Emissions



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as of the date of this document (see 40 CFR Part 98, Subpart A, Table A-1)



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Note: Short tons (2,000 lbs), not long or metric tons, are used in PSD applicability calculations.32







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B. PSD Applicability for GHGs - New Sources

1. Tailoring Rule Step 1 - PSD Applicability Test for GHGs in PSD Permits Issued from January 2, 2011, to June 30, 2011



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and



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2. Tailoring Rule Step 2 - PSD Applicability Test for GHGs in PSD Permits Issued on or after July 1, 2011

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Table II-A. Summary of PSD Applicability Criteria for New Sources of GHGs Permits issued from Permits issued January 2, 2011, to June 30, 2011 on or after July 1, 2011 (Step 1 of the Tailoring Rule) (Step 2 of the Tailoring Rule)

PSD applies to GHGs, if: PSD applies to GHGs, if:

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o 73<&2Hand

o 73<PDVVEDVLV





C. PSD Applicability for GHGs - Modified Sources

1. General Requirements

a. Tailoring Rule Step 1 - PSD Applicability Test for GHGs in PSD Permits Issued from January 2, 2011, to June 30, 2011



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b. Tailoring Rule Step 2 - PSD Applicability Test for GHGs in PSD Permits Issued on or after July 1, 2011

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OR BOTH:



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Table II-B. Summary PSD Applicability Criteria for Modified Sources of GHGs



Permits issued from Permits issued January 2, 2011, to June 30, 2011 on or after July 1, 2011 (Step 1 of the Tailoring Rule) (Step 2 of the Tailoring Rule)

PSD applies to GHGs, if: PSD applies to GHGs, if:

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o 73<PDVVEDVLV 

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III. BACT Analysis



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Step 1: Identify all available control technologies.

Step 2: Eliminate technically infeasible options.

Step 3: Rank remaining control technologies.

Step 4: Evaluate most effective controls and document results.

Step 5: Select the BACT.



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V. Title V Considerations A. General Concepts and Title V Requirements



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B. Title V Applicability Requirements and GHGs



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Table V-A. Summary of Title V Applicability Criteria for Sources of GHGs January 2, 2011, to June 30, 2011 On or after July 1, 2011 (Step 1 of the Tailoring Rule) (Step 2 of the Tailoring Rule)

No sources are subject to title V permitting 7KHIROORZLQJVRXUFHVDUHVXEMHFWWRWLWOH9

solely as a result of their emissions of GHGs. SHUPLWWLQJUHTXLUHPHQWVDVDUHVXOWRIWKHLU*+*

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i.e.,36'³DQ\ZD\VRXUFHV' VRXUFHVDQG o 73<&2Hand

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1. Applicability under Tailoring Rule Step 1



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2. Applicability under Tailoring Rule Step 2



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C. Permitting Requirements



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An existing title V source is making a physical change that triggers PSD for NOX. This change will result in additional applicable requirements for NOX emissions controls but, according to the applicant, does not trigger BACT review for GHGs. In this case, as part of its analysis of the application for permit revision under its title V program, the permitting authority may determine it necessary to verify that the project did not trigger BACT requirements for GHG emissions, and therefore may need to request the applicant to submit GHG emissions information related to the project sufficient for the permitting authority to determine that PSD did not apply for GHG emissions from the project. This information could include such items as identification and descriptions of any GHG emission units and estimates of GHG emissions associated with the modification project.



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As of July 1, 2011, an existing facility not previously subject to title V has a GHG PTE over 100,000 TPY CO2e and over 100 TPY on a mass basis. Therefore, according to the Tailoring Rule applicability criteria for GHG sources, this source becomes subject to title V solely based on its GHG emissions as of July 1, 2011. First, it will need to apply for a title V permit within 12 months of July 1, 2011 (unless an earlier date has been established by the permitting authority). Second, assuming that the facility does not have any applicable requirements for GHG emissions (such as a GHG BACT requirement resulting from a PSD review), the permitting authority may deem it sufficient that the facility simply provide a description of the GHG emission sources at the facility that cause the facility to exceed the applicability criteria threshold for GHGs under title V, rather than a detailed quantification of its GHG emission sources. Lastly, the source would also need to provide other emissions information as necessary for non-GHG emission sources (e.g., information on emissions of regulated air pollutants, information for fee calculation, etc.)







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A facility becomes subject to title V permitting requirements solely on the basis of its GHG emissions on July 2, 2011, and, therefore, must apply for a title V permit. The facility has an applicable requirement, such as a SIP requirement imposing an opacity limit on fuel-burning equipment that lacks periodic monitoring and monitoring sufficient to assure compliance. Even if the newly subject title V source did not have any specific GHG-related requirements to include in the title V permit, under this scenario, the facility must propose appropriate monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting (MRR) to assure compliance with the opacity standard in its permit application and the permitting authority must add appropriate MRR to the operating permit for that opacity standard (which may be the MRR proposed by the facility or other requirements) under the authority of the Act.

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VI. Appendices



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Appendix E. Example of PSD Applicability for a Modified Source

 

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Note: The source must calculate emissions changes from existing emissions units being modified (e.g., Unit #1) and in preparing that calculation, the source must compare the emission unit's baseline actual emissions to either (1) a projection of its future actual emissions; or (2) its potential to emit (PTE). See 40 CFR 52.21(b)(41)(ii). Any creditable emissions decreases from existing emissions units must be decreases in baseline actual emissions. The requirements of the PSD rules apply to these calculations and determinations as applicable.



Mass-Based Calculations (Step 1 In this step, only consider emissions increases of GHGs from the proposed modification.



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Appendix F. BACT Example - Natural Gas Boiler

[Disclaimer: The control options listed here and the outcomes of this example are presented for illustrative purposes only. They do not represent any specific guidance or direction from EPA relative to a BACT determination for this type of source.]

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Appendix G. BACT Example - Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

[Disclaimer: The control options listed here and the outcomes of this example are presented for illustrative purposes only. They do not represent any specific guidance or direction from EPA relative to a BACT determination for this type of source.]

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Appendix H. BACT Example - Petroleum Refinery Hydrogen Plant

[Disclaimer: The control options listed here and the outcomes of this example are presented for illustrative purposes only. They do not represent any specific guidance or direction from EPA relative to a BACT determination for this type of source.]

Project Scope

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Appendix I. Resources for GHG Emission Estimation



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x Landfill Gas Emissions Model

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x Report of the Interagency Task Force on Carbon Capture and Storage

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x DOEs Industrial Technologies Program (Best Practices)

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Appendix K. Calculating Cost Effectiveness for BACT The following excerpt is from the Draft 1990 NSR Workshop Manual (pages B.36-B.44)



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United States Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Publication No. EPA-457/B-11-001 Environmental Protection Air Quality Policy Division March 2011 Agency Research Triangle Park, NC