ML20248D656

Summary of 890320 Meeting W/Swedish Nuclear Fuel & Waste Mgt Co in Rockville,Md Re Sweden Storage of Spent Fuel

ML20248D656
Person / Time
Issue date:	03/27/1989
From:	Roberts J NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
To:	Rouse L NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
References
NUDOCS 8904110532
Download: ML20248D656 (8)

Text

{{#Wiki_filter:_ ENEMORANDUM FOR: Leland C. Rouse, Chief fuel Cycle Safety Branch Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety, NMSS FROM: John P. Roberts, Section Leader Irradiated Fuel Section Fuel Cycle Safety Branch Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety, NMSS

SUBJECT:

MEETING WITH SWEDISH NUCLEAR FUEL AND WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY DATE/ TIME: March 20, 1989; 9:30 a.m. LOCATION: Room 6-B-13, One White Flint North Building, Rockville, Maryland ATTENDEES: See Enclosure 1 DISCUSSION: The Svensk KHrnbrMnslehantering, AB (SKB), in English, the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, operates, among other activities, Sweden's facility for central interim storage of spent fuel (CLAB). Located on the Oskarshamnnuclearpowerplantsite[Seeenclosure2).CLAB is a facility for water po of up to 3000 tonnes of spent fuel SKB is interested in reracking the existing facility to defer need to construct a second set of pools. The CLAB facility is situated about 30 meters below grade in rock. SKB is exploring the use of allowance for burnup credit to allow about a 50 percent increase in existing pool storage capacity. NMSS and NRR staff discussed burnup credit. NMSS is still considering this matter. NMSS has previously discussed the need for more information on it with the Department of Energy (DOE). Early results from DOE-sponsored research and development in theoretical calculations and measurement systems aspects of this matter are expected to be seen in about a year. NRR has allowed allowance for burnup credit, but only in PWR reactor basins where boron is present in the basin water. Onsinal Signed BY:- John P. Roberts, Section Leader Irradiated Fuel Section Fuel Cycle Safety Branch Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety, NMSS g

Enclosures:

Na

1) Attendance List g

2) Nuclear Waste Management o.

Brochure DISTRIBUTION: y NRC File Center IMIF R/F INNS Central File NMSS R/F IMSB R/F LKopp, NRR inoun JPRoberts FLBrown CLidner, SGTB EEaston,,SGTB CWithee, SGTB RHauber, IP PPR I 3E3 G i pg 0FC : Iy IF ozo 3/8,_$_________.__.........__......_____....___..__ _________./_/89 DATE: 03/j 89 ) 0FFICIAL RECORD COPY }

MAR 2 71000 ATTENDANCE LIST FOR NRC STAFF MEETING WITH SWEDISH NUCLEAR FUEL AND WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY MARCH 20, 1989 \\ John P. Roberts NRC/NMSS/IMNS Carl J. Withee NRC/NMSS/SGTR Hans G. Forsstrom SKB Bo Gustafsson SKB \\ Jan Vogt SKB George Gardes NRC/NMSS/SGTR Earl Easton NRC/NMSS/SGTR Fritz C. Sturz NRC/NMSS/IMNS Curt Lindner NRC/NMSS/SGTR Steve R. Ruffin NRC/NMSS/IMNS Larry Kopp NRC/NRR 1 ^ ^ - ~

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.'T e Nuclear Powerin Sweden in Sweden the first commercial tion between 1964 and 1972. nuclear reactor was commissioned in 1972. The entire construction in 1980 the Swedish parliament decided, based on the outcome of a programme was completed in 1985 referendum, that no more reactors and comprises a total of 12 reactors be built in Sweden and that the ones at four different sites. Today about already existing be taken out of 509 of allelectricity produced in operation at the year 2010 at the Sweden is generated by nuclear latest. However, the exact time-Power. schedule for the phasing out of The reactors are situated at Ringhals nuclear power in Sweden is yet to (4 reactors). Barsebdek (2). Oskars-be established. hamn (3) and Forsmark (3). They hare a combined capacity o( 9650 MW. Nine reactors are of The Swedish nuclear power phmts are situatedon the coast. Ringhals ASEA-ATOM design and three of has #mr reactors with a total elec-Westinghouse design. g,jcaj outpur ejj 3g0 yw, garse-At the Studsvik research facility a hiicA two with an output of f 190 t research reactor is in operation. In a MW. OsAarshamn three with totally i Stockholm suburb a prototype heavy 2 085MW andForsmark three water reactor. Agesta, was in opera-reactors with totally 2 99.e uW. Nuclearwaste management Radioactive waste is produced to guarantee safe and efficient mana-posed ofin a way that is satisfactory w heneser radioactive material is gement of the radioactive waste to society remains of course with used. In Sweden more than 90% of generated from nuclear enere) pro-the Swedish State. State review and the radioactive w aste is generated duction.This responsibility also assessment of the activities of SKB by the nuclear power plants, the includes the financing of the total are carried out by a number of remainder by the Studsvik research costs. For the financing a tee is governmental agencies issuing tacility w here waste f rom the use of levied on the nuclear electricity directives for the work of SKB. radioactive materials in industry, production. medical care and research is also For the fulfilment of their oblication Govemmental agencies collected. the tourowners of the nuclear'utili-National Board For Spent Nuclear Questions related to the handling ties have set up thejointly ow ned Fuel. SKN, supervises planning and and disposal of nuclear waste have Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste research and development work for been studied in Swe' den since the Management Company (SKB L SKB early 70's and a complete radioac-has been assigned the responsibility the handline and disposal of spent fuel and for'the decommissioning of tive waste management system has for all handling, transportation and reactors. Another of SKN's main been planned and is to a large extent storage (interim and final) of all tasks is to determine the annual fees implemented. radioactive waste from the power There is a prerequisite that Sweden plants-and to administer the financing sy stem connected to the fees. SKN should be independent of other SKB is also responsible for the also has responsibilities in the field countries for the execution of its planning. construction and operation of ublic information. P nuclear waste management pro-of all facilities required for the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspecto-gramme. For the spent nuclear fuel management of spent fuel and radio-rate (SKI) and National Innitute direct disposal is being tavoured, active waste and for the comprehen-of Radiation Protection (SSI)are sive research and development work the agencies responsible for the Responsibility ,necessary to provide such facilities. supervision of the safety of nuckar i n S weden the primary responsibility (The ultimate and long-term respon-power and that of nuclear waste lies with the owners of the reactors sibility for nuclear waste being dis-4 State supervision, regulation and inspection ofradioactive waste 't t t handling is exercisedprimarily by SKI l SSI l SKN l KASAM l torate(SKI). theNationalIns the Swedish Nuclear Pon erinspec-I s t ofRadiation Protection tSSip and the National BoardforSpent NM E" W

l l 1 management. Their task is to study inactive trash to spent fuel with a e spent nuclear fuel (high level, i and appraise the nuclear safety and very high activity content. Different long-lived) radiation protection of proposed waste forms impose different de-e operating waste = reactor waste facilities and processes. They are mands on handling and final dis-intermediate and low-lesel. also involved in msearch and deve-posal. short lised) { lopment work on nuclear waste. A distinction is made between low, e decommissioning waste (inter-l These agencies all repon to the lesel, intermediate-level, and high-mediate and low-lesel, short-l Ministry of Environment and level waste. Low-level waste can lised) l Energy. be handled and stored in simple l There is also a Consultative packages. Intermediate level waste Ouantitles of waste Committee For Nuclear Waste must be radiation-shielded for safe The total amount of radioactive Management (KASAM) reponing handling. High level waste requires waste from the Swedish nuclear anually to the same Ministry on the not only radiation shielding but also power programme has been estima-progress in the field of nuclear waste cooling f,or a certam penod of time ted to 7 800 tonnes of spent fuel and 1 management including research and in order to permit safe storage. From a total of around 230000 m oflow- ^ 3 development. a disposal point of view the distine. and intermediate-level waste, the 1 tion is further made between short-decommissioning waste represent-Waste Categories and long lived wastes *. ing 110000 m) thereof, l Radioactive waste from the Swedish The waste from the nuclear power nuclear power programme varies plants may be divided into the widely in terms of form and activity following groups in terms of sub-

• Long = thousands of years content, all the way from virtually sequent handling:

Short = a few hundred years 4 Existing systems and facilities l Essential parts at the Swedish nu-from reactor operation (SFR)is CLAB '{' clear wa3te management system are scheduled to start operation in 1988. already in operation or under con-The CLAB facility is located adja-struction. The transportation system eent to the power plant at Oskars-hamn. In CLAB spent nuclear fuel A f acility for centralinterim storage The sea-based transponation sy-w illbe temporardy stored for around ofspentfuel(CLAB) and a sea-stem comprises the vessel M/S 40 years before being encapsulated based transportation sy stem for the Sigy n, temiinal sehicles for land and finally disposed of at a site yet 3 transport of spent tuel and other transport from the harbour to the to be chosen. During this interim I radioactivity residues were commis-nearby reactors and facilities. trans-period the fuel's activity content and sioned in 1985 and 1982 respecti-port casks for spent fuel and core residual heat will decline by about sely. A facility forfinaldisposalof components.and large shielded con-909 w hich will facilitate subsequent low-andintermediate level waste tainers for reactor waste. handling of the waste. CLAB com-prises a receiving building above ground and an underground storage complex m rock.The fuelis handled R..c torg p,ne A.oo.s.itory for and stored under water.The capacity sw.a m.mo, s.o si. of the facility is at present about 3 000 tonnes of spent fuel in four pools. An expansion is planned for the mid 1990's so that all fuel from the Swedish nuclear power pro-hye g% % rv e I ~ l [. gyh{ gramme. 7 800 tonnes, car; be u red in CLAB. 4 g.[.M SFR 7; se e dA '.h The SFR facility is located near the gil Forsmark auclear power plant. The QJ@k

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'n'."$'C?sg ggay;L f different types obtained in the s.. cia operationandmaintenanceof the reactors e.g. ion exchange resins. The spent fuel is transferred to the central interim storagefacilityfor spent components. dnd protective cloth!ng fuel. CLAB at Osttarshamnfor about 40 years storage before being contaminated with radioactive sub-l encapsulatedforfinaldisposal deep down in the Swedish bedrock The stances. Funhermore, sim}lar radno-w..nonun.s-u-a ~ ^ -- ^

v. b ~ ,p~7 y w 4yf s ,.y ? J .I The silos sshich willcontain most of the radioactive substances in 4 SFR, have beenprovided with the f  ; most qualt) led barriers. They con. v t. .. N., sist ofthe wastepackageitselfand q m ;."' W 7 ( a concrete bacAfill, the silo wallof concrete, the clav between the sito and the rock and', finally, the surrounding rock mass. .f 4 i 4 ' l e 1 The SFR facility is built undemeath the Baltic sea about 60 metres down y a in the rock. Two entrance tunnels, y each I 000 metres long, lead from y %.~ the coast out to the repository area, which consists of various rock caverns designed according to the h L-different activity contents of the waste. Concrete silos house the j mtermediate lesel waste. In the silos the waste packages are placed in cells and surrounded by concrete. t d Q The space between the silo and the rock is backfilled with bentonite 8 clay. Rock vaults for the final disposal of decommissioning waste are also planned within SFR. They will be built at the time of decornmissioning of the nuclearpowerplants. + When the repository has been filled up, tire entrance tunnels will be y plugged with concrete to seal the caverns and tunnels to prevent future access. After the sealing of the re- ~ quuma g o pository no further surve'llance will .t be needed. d ~ q ., f p Theabove groundcomplexofCIAB consists of a number ofinterconnec-ting buildings. The actualstorage 4: building is located undergroundin a rock cavern whose ceiling is 25-30 metres below gro:sndlevel.

~ ,i1, I i i Final disposalof spent fuel Forfinaldisposalofspentfiteland long livedradioactive residues SKB Time schedule for measures before siting application has deseloped a method that has been presented to the Swedish safety Acm m m m m m ms authorities and has been accepted j j by the Swedish Government with eascnso OOO OOOO regard to safety and radiation pro-I u l tection. According to this method i the spent nuclear fuel will be depo-system seacta O sited in rock about 500 metres Evaluatmof snes i { underground in sealed copper sa m m tas i iO OOOO l canisters. I e se sactm O i The canisters would be surrounded sawarm c by highly compacted bentonite and the tunnels back-filled. A number ? of natural and technical barriers would thereby provide protection for a long period of time preventing I radioactive substances from reach-ing the biosphere in harmful con. l "*"*0***' Aper interim storage in CLAB. the i Disposal of spent fuel is scheduled Spentfurt willbe disposed ofin a to start around the year 2020. In the /inal repository. There. thefuel meantime a comprehensive research assemblics are enclosedin canist. l and development programme is ers, which are deposited 5(X) metres l going on, its objectne is to provide down in theSu edish bedrocA. a broad basis for the final decision on site and method for a final repo-sitory for spent nuclear fuel. This formed at repository depth and site l decision will be taken around the charactenzation methods will be turn of the century when a specific tested. l site application is scheduled to be ) made. Until then a system optimi-Internationalco-operation l l zation must be carried out speci-l fying particular systems adapted to The management of nuclear waste particular sites. is an important issue in all countnes with nuclear power. A common The research and development work international view on the scientific for these studies is divided into the basis for safety in handline and final follow ing main areas: disposalof nuclear wastels of great e Studies of the various parts of the barrier system. Alternati$e de. I ped and works on various lesels. signs and materials. o Geoscientific investi ations. am ng thers by agreements bet. Publicacceptance l E ween different countries and within Fundamental studies of. geological the framework of the work of the Public acceptance of the j l conditions and investigation' international organizations OECD/ handling and management of i methods. e Development of modek for per-NEA and IAEA. A lot of develop. radioactive waste is a pre-ment work is pursued in internatio. requisite for the implementa- ) formance and safety analysis nal co-operation, interaction and tion of the waste programme.

• Reconnaissance and surveys for exchange. Sweden is insolsed in in order to achieve accep-J choice of site, this w(A in many ways both tance extensive information Geological site investi ations have through the authonties and through activities are underway beth 8

already been carried out at a number SKB> locally and on a national jeveg of sites throughout Sweden. Around in S'tripa, an abandoned iron ore 1992 two or three sites will be cho. mine in central Sweden, an interna. A wide range ofinformation sen for detailed characterization. tional project under the sponsorship materialis availableandper-The final choice of site is scheduled. of the OECDINEA is being perfor. sons wishingtoobtainfurther for the end of the 90ies. med. The main -areas of study con. mformation are invited to ) cern the llow of groundwater and contact SKB, Box $864, .An imponant ite.m in the geoscien-radionuclides in granite, and the S-102 48 STOCKHOLM, l ~ tific investigations is the planned behaviour of bentonite clay as a

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