ML20236S383
| ML20236S383 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 11/30/1987 |
| From: | NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS) |
| To: | |
| References | |
| NUREG-0762, NUREG-0762-DRFT, NUREG-0762-R1-DRF-FC, NUREG-762, NUREG-762-DRFT, NUREG-762-R1-DRF-FC, NUDOCS 8711250119 | |
| Download: ML20236S383 (35) | |
Text
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.A NUREG-0762' i
Rev.1 j
q Standard Format and Content for 1
for Fuel-Cycle and Materials:
Facilities g
1 Draft Report for Comment I
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U.S. Nuclear Regulatory i.
Commission Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards o*"
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8711250119 871130 P R PDR g 62 R
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l NOTICE Availability of Reference Materials Cited in NRC Publications -
Most documents cited in NRC publications will be available from one of the following sources:
- 1. The NRC Public Document Room,1717 H Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20555
- 2. The Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Post Office Box 37082, i
Washington, DC 20013-7082
- 3. The National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 Although the listing that follows represents the majority of documents cited in NRC publications,.
it is not intended to be exhaustive.
Referenced documents available for inspection and copying for a fee from the NRC Public Docu-ment Room include NRC correspondence and internal NRC memoranda: NRC Office of Inspection.
and Enforcement bulletins, circulars, information nutices, inspection and investigation notices; l
Licensee Event Reports; vendor reports and correspondence; Commission papers;and applicant and
.l licensee documents and correspondence.
The following documents in the NUREG series are available for purchase from the GPO Sales Program: formal NRC staff and contractor reports, NRC-sponsored conference proceedings, and.
NRC booklets and brochures. Also available are Regulatory Guides, NRC regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations, and Nuclear Regulatory Commission Issuances.
Documents available from the National Technical.information Service include NUREG series -
reports and technical reports prepared by other federal agencies and reports prepared by the Atomic Energy Commission, forerunner agency to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Documents available from public and special technical libraries include all open literature items, such as books, journal and periodical articles, and transactions. Federal Register notices, federal and stata legislation, and congressional reports can usually be obtained from these libraries.
Documents such as theses, dissertations, foreign reports and translations, and non NRC conference.
proceedings are available for purchase from the organization sponsoring the publication cited.
Single copies of NRC draft reporte are available free, to the extent of supply, upon written request
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to the Division of Inf,ormation Support Services, Distribution Section, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555.
Copies of industry codes and standards used in a substantive manner in the NRC regulatory process are maintained at the NRC Library, 7920 Norfolk Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland, and are available.
there for reference use by the public. Codes and standards are usually copyrighted and may be purchased from the originating organization or, if they are American National Standards, from the American National Standards institute,1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.
I NUREG-0762 Rev.1 i
i Standard Format and Content for i
Emergency Plans for Fuel-Cycle and Materials i
Facilities Draft Report for Comment Manuscript Completed: November 1987 Date Published: November 1987 1
Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555 p %,
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ABSTRACT This report is issued as guidance to those fuel-cycle and major materials licensees who are required by the NRC to prepare and submit an emergency plan.
This Standard Format has been prepared to help ensure uniformity and completeness in the preparation of those plans, i
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STANDARD FORMAT AND CONTENT FOR EMERGENCY PLANS FOR FUEL-CYCLE AND MATERIALS LICENSEES -
DRAFT REPORT FOR COMMENT
- Page, I
ABSTRACT iii PREFACE vii
0.0 INTRODUCTION
1 1.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION 3
1.1 Description of Licensed Activity 3
1.2 Description of Area Near the Site 3
1.3 Description of Facility and Site
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2.0 TYPES OF ACCIDENTS 5
l 2.1 Description of Postulated Accidents 5
2.2 Detection of Emergency Conditions.
5 3.0 CLASSIFICATION AND NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS 6
3.1 Classification System 6.~
3.2 Notification and Coordination 7
3.2.1 Unusual Event 7
l 3.2.2 Alert 8
3.2.3 Site Area Emergency 9
3.3 Information To Be Communicated 9
4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES 10 I
4.1 Normal Plant Organization 10 4.2 Onsite Emergency Response Organization 10 4.2.1 Direction and Coordination 10 4.2.2 Plant Staff Emergency Assignments 10 I
4.3 Local Offsite Assistance to Facility 11 4.4 Coordination with Participating Government Agencies 12 5.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE MEASURES 13 5.1 Activation of Emergency Response Organization 13 5.2 Assessment Actions 13' 5.3 Corrective Actions 13 5.4 Onsite Protective Actions 14 5.4.1 Personnel Evacuation and Accountability 14 5.4.2 Use of Protective Equipment and Supplies 15 5.4.3 Contamination Control Measures 15 5.5 Exposure Control in Radiological Emergencies 16 5.5.1 Emergency Radiation Exposure Control Program 16 5.5.2 Decontamination of Personnel 17 5.6 Medical Transportation 17 5.7 Medical Treatment.
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Page 6.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 19 6.1 Control Point 19
- 6. 2 Communications Equipment 19 6.2.1 Onsite Communications 19 l
6.2.2 Offsite Communications 19
- 6. 3 Onsite Medical Facilities 19 6.4 Emergency Monitoring Equipment 20 7.0 MAINTENANCE OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS CAPABILITY 21 7.1 Written Emergency Plan Implementing Procedures 21 7.2 Training 21
- 7. 3 Drills and Exercises 21 7.3.1 Annual Exercises 22 7.4 Exercise Critiques 22
- 7. 5 Review and Updating of the Plan and Procedures 22 7.6 Maintenance and Inventory of Emergency Equipment, Instrumentation, and Supplies 23 7.7 Verification of Emergency Telephone Numbers 23 8.0 RECORDS AND REPORTS 24 8.1 Records of Incidents 24 8.2 Records of Preparedness Assurance 24
- 9. 0 RECOVERY 25 9.1 Plant Restoration
. 25 10.0 COMPLIANCE WITH COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT 26 vi
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l PREFACE On April 20, 1987, the NRC published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to establish in its regulations a formal basis for emergency plans for fuel-cycle and materials licensees.
The plans had earlie-been required bf order.
The final rule is scheduled to be issued in March 1988.
The Standard Format and Content guidance (NUREG-0762) applicable to the plans required by order has been revised to conform to the requirements in the forthcoming rule.
Comments on this draft Standard Format and Content are desired before the rule is issued.
Comments should be sent to:
Justin T. Long i
Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety l
Mail Stop 396-SS U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555 i
Telephone 301-427-4223 I
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r STANDARD FORMAT AND CONTENT FOR EMERGENCY PLANS FOR FUEL-CYCLE AND MATERIALS LICENSEES DRAFT REPORT FOR COMMENT
0.0 INTRODUCTION
The information specified in the following pages should be. included in the-licensee's emergency plan to comply with the requirements of 10 CFR 30.32(g)(3),
40.31(i)(3), or 70.22(i)(3), as the case may be.
The licensee may include additional information by incorporation or by specific reference.
The licensee is encouraged to have a single emergency plan to meet the requirements of state-agencies or the Community Right-To-Know Act as well as to comply with the regulations of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).
Additional material to meet these other requirements may therefore be included in the licensee's emergency plan submitted to the NRC.
This additional material will.be reviewed by the NRC only to ensure that it does not interfere with the NRC's requirements.
Detailed descriptive information of processes, materials storage areas and containers, ventilation, process controls, activity locations, vessels, and confinement of radioactive or other hazardous materials may be necessary to evaluate the adequacy of the emergency plan.
This information need not be a part of the plan itself but should be submitted as a supplement if such information is not already available as a part of other license submittals.
Licensees who prepared Radiological Contingency Plans in accordance with the
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guidance in NUREG-0762 will find that some requirements have been omitted here, and some new features have been added.
Plans prepared in a format that corresponds with that contained herein will be more readily approved by the NRC.
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An' effective response to an emergency comprises WHAT is to be done (procedures), BY WHOM (response personnel), and WITH WHAT (equipment in designated locations).
The emergency plan reflects, in general terms,.the-thinking done in preparing to cope with an emergency, but=the details oflthe' actual response are contained in the emergency plan-implementing procedures.
The implementing procedures are the heart of the emergency response.
They must be crisp, precise, and easily' understood.'
Each procedure should pertain to a narrow, specific response action.
Throughout this Standard. Format and Content document, the applicant will be asked to describe procedures, but'the procedures are not to be submitted for NRC approval.
The reason for this l
practice is that the details contained in'the procedures may need to.be changed from time to time.
If each change in a procedure required NRC approval, frequent and time-consuming license amendments would be required.
Therefore, the license is issued on the basis of the descriptions of
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procedures in the emergency plan, and details of the procedures may be changed within the scope of these descriptions.
However, this practice makes it necessary for the applicant to give close attention to the'way the
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implementing procedures are described. 'In preparing the implementing procedures, the applicant should be aware that the NRC may review them at the plant during the licensing process, and will subsequently review.them during plant inspections to ensure currency, workability, and conformance with commitments made in the emergency plan.
The licensee may change the plan without prior NRC approval if the changes do not decrease the effectiveness of the plan.
These changes shall be furnished to NRC within six months.after the changes are made and should be in the form of a license amendment application.
If the date of the plan is a license commitment, the change dates should be formatted as a revised page for insertion into the referenced section of license conditions in the current license.
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f 1.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION l
The information in this section is to provide perspective about the plant and the licensed activity such that the adequacy and appropriateness of the f
licensee's emergency planning, emergency organization, and emergency equipment can be evaluated.
1.1 Description of Licensed Activity Present briefly the principal aspects of the overall licensed activity.
The following should be included:
a general description of licensed and other activities conducted at the plant site; the location of the plant; and the type, form, and quantities of radioactive and other hazardous materials normally present.
1.2 Description of Area Near the Site Include a description of the principal characteristics of the site at which licensed activities are conducted.
Indicate the site on a general area map (approximately 10-mile radius) and upon a United States Geological Survey 7.5' topographical map (s)--(approximately 1-mile radius).
Provide a site plan or aerial photograph indicating onsite structures and near-site structures (about 1-mile radius).
On this photograph or site plan, include the following:
(1) Location of population centers (office buildings, schools, arenas, stadiums, etc.);
(2) Location of facilities that could present potential. protective action problems (prisons, nursing homes, hospitals);
(3) Identification of primary routes for access of emergency equipment or for evacuation as well as potential impediments to traffic flow (rivers, drawbridges, railroad grade crossings, etc.);
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(4) Locations of any offsite emergency support organizations (fire station, police station, hospital with capability for handling contaminated / injured personnel (specify whether
. qualified to handled radioactive contamination, etc.-);
(5) the sites of potential emergency significance (LPG terminals, pipelines, etc.).
- 1. 3 Description of Facility and Site Provide a detailed site plan and.a concise description of the facility features that affect emergency response, e.g., location of-communications and assessment centers, location of assembly. and relocation areas, identification of process -
and storage areas for radioactive and other hazardous mat'erials.
The arrange-ment of structures and major equipment items'should be indicated on plan and.
elevation drawings in sufficient number and detail to provide a reasonable understanding of the general layout of the plant.
Any additional features of the plant likely to be of special interest because of their relationship to.
safety should be identified.
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2.0 TYPES OF ACCIDENTS Emergency planning is concerned with individual and organizational responses to a range of potential accidents, including those accidents that have been hypothesized but that have a very low probability of occurrence.
2.1 Description of Postulated Accidents Briefly describe accidents that could result in the release of significant amounts of radioactive or other hazardous material in terms of their relation to the process and the physical location where the accident couldoccur.
Describe how the accident could happen (equipment malfunction, instrument failure, human error, etc.), possible complicating factors, and the possibility of onsite and offsite consequences.
2.2 Detection of Emergency Conditions Describe the means provided to detect and alert the licensee's operating staff to any abnormal operating condition or to any other danger to the continued safe operation of the facility (e.g., fire or natural hazards such as would result in a severe weather warning).
Describe the means for-l detecting accidental releases of radioactive or other hazardous materials,
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the method or device used to provide an alarm, and the response anticipated to the alarm.
Examples are smoke detectors, process alarms, and criticality alarms.
Indicate at what stage of the emergency the abnormal condition would f
be detected.
Also indicate if the area of the event is under continuous l
visual observation.
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3.0 CLASSIFICATION AND NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS Accidents should be classified according to the scheme that is described in the rule. 'In its emergency plan and in coordination meetings with offsite authorities, the licensee should convey the concept that fuel-cycle and materials plants do not present the same degree of hazard (by orders of magnitude) as are presented by nuclear power plants.
Thus, the classification scheme for these-facilities has been redefined.
3.1 Classification System Identify the classification (Unusual Event, Alert, or Site Area Emergency) that is expected for each of the accidents postulated in Section 2.
Relate the classification to the accident description and detection means described in Section 2.2.
An Unusual Event is defined as a situation in which no release of radioactive or other hazardous material is imminent but that could require nonroutine actions or augmentation of staff.
This classification is not required by NRC regulations applicable to fuel-cycle and materials licensees but provides for minor incidents that are not expected to require offsite assistance or protective actions.
Examples of such situations are a power outage, tornado watch, explosion or gunshots near the site, etc.
An Alert is defined as an incident that has led or could lead to a release of radioactive or other hazardous material, but the release is not expected to require a response by an offsite agency to protect persons offsite.
An Alert reflects mobilization of the licensee's emergency response-organization, I
either on alert status or on full mobilization, but does not indicate an
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expectation of offsite consequences.
However, it may require offsite response i
organization support in response to onsite conditions, such as a fire.
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A Site Area Emergency is defined as an incident that has led or could lead to a release of radioactive or other hazardous material and that could require a response by an offsite response organization to protect persons offsite.
Although it is highly unlikely that a Site Area Emergency will occur at a fuel-cycle or materials licensee plant, the licensee must be prepared to make the required notifications in such a manner that offsite response organizations can take appropriate actions, such as recommending sheltering of persons in the affected area.
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) intends that licensees be allowed to have a single emergency plan that can apply to all licensee needs and regulatory requirements.
To this end, it should be understood that a licensee may wish to include in the emergency plan some incidents that do not fall within the requirements of the NRC.
For example, the licensee may wish to include industrial accidents or fires unrelated to the licensee's work with nuclear materials.
The licensee may include these incidents, if'any, in the emergency plan.
The classification of emergencies involving potential or actual releases of nonradioactive hazardous materials shocid be coordinated with the local emergency planning committee established under t.he provisions of Sec. 301(c) of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act of 1986 (Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, Pub. L.99-499).
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- 3. 2 Notification and Coordination 3.2.1 Unusual Event i
The purpose of declaring an Unusual Event is to ensure that licensee management is cognizant of a potential hazard and prepared to respond to that hazard should it materialize.
The licensee should describe how and by whom l
I the following actions will be taken:
1 (1) Decision to declare an Unusual Event.
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h (2) Notification to the NRC if required by regulation or license condition.
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(3) Decision to escalate to Alert, if ' appropriate.
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(4) Decision to terminate the Unusual Event, y
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3.2.2.A.lert i
The p.npase of declaring an Alert is to ensure that emergency personnel-are alerted and at their emergency duty stations to mitigate the consequences of
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the accident, that the emergency is properly assessed, that offsite officials are notified, and that steps can be taken to escalate the response quickly if necessary.
The licensee should describt how and by whom the following actions will be taken:
(1) Decision to declare an Alert.
(2) Activation of onsite emergency response organization..
(3) Notification to offsite response authorities,'if required by_
local or state regulations, within one hour of declaration of an Alert, or as specified by local or state regulations.
(4) Notification to the NRC immediately after notification of offsite authorities, and in any case within one hour of the declaration of an Alert.
(5) Decision to initiate any onsite protective actions.
(6) Decision to escalate to' Site Area Emergency, if appropriate.
1 (7) Decision to terminate the emergency or enter Recovery Mode.
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3.2.3 Site Area Emergency The purpose of declaring a Site Area Emergency is to ensure that the public is adequately protected, that offsite officials are amply informed in order to carry out their obligation with respect to this protection, and to obtain augmentation of licensee response forces if necessary.
The licensee should describe how and by whom the following actions will be taken:
(1) Decision to declare a Site Area Emergency.
(2) Activation of onsite emergency response organization.
(3) Notification to state and local offsite response authorities of the status and reason for the emergency within 15 minutes after the declaration of a Site Area Emergency.
(4) Notification to the NRC immediately after notification of the appropriate offsite response organizations and not later than one hour after the licensee has declared a Site Area Emergency.
I (5) Decision to escalate to a General Emergency, if appropriate.
(6) Decision to initiate any onsite protective actions.
(7) Decision to terminate the emergency or enter Recovery mode.
- 3. 3 Information to be Communicated 1
The licensee should be prepared to provide clear, concise information to offsite response organizations.
The communication should avoid technical terms and jargon and should be so couched as not to give an under-or over-valuation of the seriousness of the incident.
Describe the types of information that will be communicated with respect to facility status, releases of radioactive or other hazardous materials, and recommendations for protective actions, if any, to be taken by offsite response organizations.
A standard reporting form should be developed o facilitate timely notification.
Provide assurance that the information and that it is periodically reaffirmed with these agencies.
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4.0 RESPONSIBILITIES In this chapter, describe the emergency organization to be activated for the possible events onsite and its augmentation and support offsite.
Delineate the authorities and responsibilities of key individuals and groups, and identify the communication chain for notifying, alerting, and mobilizing the.
necessary personnel.
4.1 Normal Plant Organization Provide a brief description of the plant. organization and. identify those individuals that have the responsibility and authority to declare an emergency and to initiate the appropriate response.
4.2 Onsite Emergency Response Organization Describe the onsite emergency organization for controlling each emergency class, including periods when normal operations are not being conducted.
Use organization charts and tables when appropriate.
4.2.1 Direction and Coordination Designate the position of the person and alternate (s) who have the overall responsibility for implementing and directing the emergency procedures.
Discuss this person's duties and authority, including control of the situation, termination of the emergency condition, and coordination with the staff and offsite personnel who augment the staff or require information concerning the l
event, as well as authority to delegate responsibilities.
Indicate what emergency responsibilities, if any, cannot be delegated by the person in overall charge of emergency response.
4.2.2 Plant Staff Emergency Assignments Specify the organizational group or groups that are assigned to the following functional areas of emergency activity,. including the personnel assignment rationale for working and nonworking hours.
For each group, describe its duties, authority, and interface with other groups and outside assistance.
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The functional groups should provide capability.in the following areas:
Plant systems operations; Fire control; Personnel accountability;.
Rescue operations; First aid;_
Communications; Radiological survey and assessment; Decontamination of personnel; Plant security and access control;
- Repair and damage control; l
Facility and equipment decontamination; Post-event assessment; j
Recordkeeping.
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'l 4.3 Local Offsite Assistance to Facility Describe provisions and arrangements for assistance to onsite' personnel during J
and after an emergency.
Indicate location of local assistance with' respect to the facility if not previously stated.
Identify the services to be performed,_
means of communication and notification, and type of agreements that are-in place for:
Medical treatment facilities; 1
First aid personnel and ambulance service;
- Fire fighting; Law enforcement assistance.
Describe the measures that will be'taken to ensure that offsite' agencies j
maintain an awareness of their respective roles in emergency response and have-b the necessary periodic training, equipment, and supplies' to carry out their emergency response. functions, i
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4.4 Coordination with Participating Government Agencies Identify the principal state agency and other government (local, county, state, and federal) agencies or organizations having responsibilities for radiological or other hazardous material emergencies in the vicinity of the facility.
For each agency or organization, describe:
Its authority and responsibility in a radiological or hazardous material emergency and its interface with others, if any; Its specific response capabilities in terms of personnel-and resources available; Its location with respect to the facility.
Typical agencies to be included are the local emergency planning committee established under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act of.
1986 and state departments of health, environmental protection,-and/or emergency / disaster control.
Assure that the licensee will meet at least annually with each offsite response group to review items of mutual interest.
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5.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE MEASURES Specific emergency-response measures should be identified for each emergency class and related to action levels or criteria that specify when the measures are to be effected.
Response measures' include assessment actions, corrective actions, onsite and offsite protective actions, exposure control, authorization of emergency exposures in excess of Part 20 limits,-and aid to injured onsite persons.
5.1 Activation of Emergency Response Organization Describe the means used to activate the emergency response organization for-each class of emergency during both working and nonworking hours.
Include'a description of the message authentication scheme.
Identify the activation levels for each class and relate them to the responsibilities. identified in Chapter 4.
In this and subsequent sections, describe the specific written 1
procedures to be used.
5.2 Assessment Actions For each class of emergency, discuss the actions to be taken to determine-the extent of the problem and to decide what corrective actions may be required.
Describe the types and methods of onsite and offsite sampling and monitoring q
that will be done in case of a release of radioactive or other hazardous material.
Describe provisions for projection of offsite radiation exposures.
- 5. 3 Corrective Actions For the events identified in Chapter 2, describe briefly the means and equipment provided for mitigating the consequences of each type of accident.
1 Include the mitigation of consequences to workers onsite as well'as to the public offsite.
In the event of a warning of impending danger, describe the I
criteria that will be used to decide on a process and/or facility shutdown and the steps that will be taken to ensure a safe', orderly shutdown'of equipment.
Mitigating actions could include actions to reduce or stop the release and actions to protect persons (e.g., evacuation, shelter, decontamination).
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Means for limiting releases could include:
- sprinkler systems and other fire-suppression systems;
- fire detection systems; fire fighting capabilities;
- filtration or holdup systems;
- use of water sprays on. vapor releases of uranium hexafluoride;
- automatic shutting off of process or ventilation flows.
5.4 Onsite Protective Actions The nature of protective actions, the criteria for implementing those actions, the area involved, and the notification procedures to onsite persons should be described in the plan.
In order to prevent or minimize exposure to radiation, radioactive materials, and other hazardous materials, the plan should provide for timely relocation of onsite persons, effective use'of protective equipment and supplies, and use of appropriate contamination control measures.
5.4.1 Personnel Evacuation and Accountability This segment of the emergency plan should include the following:
Action criteria; i
The means and time required to notify persons involved; j
Evacuation routes, transportation of' personnel, and assembly areas; Search and rescue; Monitoring of evacuees for contamination by or exposure to radiation l
and selection for contamination by or exposure to radiation and j
selection for medical attention, if required; and Criteria for control point and assembly area evacuation.
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5.4.2 Use of Protective Equipment and Supplies Effective use of protective equipment and supplies, including the proper onsite distribution or availability of special equipment, is an important measure for minimizing the effects of exposure to or contamination' by radioactive materials.
Measures that should be considered are:
Individual respiratory protection; Use of protective clothing; and Communications equipment associated with any self-contained breathing apparatus.
For each measure that might be used, a description should be given of:
1 Criteria for issuance if appropriate; Locations of emergency equipment and supplies; j
Inventory lists indicating the emergency equipment and supplies at each specified location; and Means for distribution of these items.
5.4.3 Contamination Control Measures Describe provisions for preventing further spread of radioactive materials and for minimizing radiation exposures from radioactive materials unshielded or released by abnormal conditions.
Onsite protective actions should be described and should include:
Isolation and area access control; Criteria for permitting return to normal use.
Action criteria for implementation of the measures planned should be described.
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5.5 Exposure Control in Radiological Emergencies This section covers means for controlling radiological exposures for emergency workers.
5.5.1 Emergency Radiation Exposure Control Program 5.5.1.1 Radiation Protection Program Describe an onsite radiation protection program to be implemented during emergencies, including methods to comply with exposure guidelines.
Identify individual (s), by position or title, who can authorize workers to receive emergency doses.
Procedures shall be provided in advance for permitting onsite volunteers to receive radiation doses in the course of carrying out lifesaving and other emergency activities.
Procedures should provide for expeditious decision-making and a reasonable consideration of relative risks.
5.5.1.2 Exposure Guidelines Specify onsite exposure guidelines consistent with EPA Emergency Worker and Lifesaving Activity Protective Actions Guides (EPA 520/1-75/001), viz., less than 75 rems planned whole-body exposures for lifesaving actions and less than 25 rems where it is desirable to enter a hazardous area in order to control fires, eliminate further escape of effluents, or to protect facilities.
Note the criteria for exposure to low-enriched uranium based on its chemical toxicity.
Exposure guidelines should be provided for:
Removal of injured persons; Undertaking corrective actions; Performing assessment actions; Providing onsite first aid; i
- Performing personnel decontamination; i
- Providing ambulance service; and
- Providing offsite medical treatment.
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- 5. 5.1. 3 Monitoring l
Describe provisions for a capability to determine the doses and dose commitments from any internally deposited radioisotopes received by emergency personnel involved in any nuclear accident, including volunteers.
Include provisions for distribution of dosimeters, both self-reading and 1
permanent record devices, and means for assessing inhalation exposures.
Describe provisions for assuring that dose and dose commitment records are maintained for emergency workers involved in any nuclear accident.
(' Detailed guidance for developing bioassay programs and environmental sampling programs is being prepared by the NRC and is scheduled to be available to the public in February 1988.)
5.5.2 Decontamination of Personnel Specify action levels for determining the need for personnel decontamination.
Describe the means for radiological decontamination of emergency personnel, supplies, instruments, and equipment, and the means for collecting and handling radioactive wastes.
Describe provisions for surveying and decontaminating relocated onsite personnel, including provisions for extra clothing.and decontaminated suitable for the type of contamination expected.
5.6 Medical Transportation Specify how injured personnel, who may also be radiologically con.taminated, will be transported to r. dical treatment facilities.
5.7 Medical Treatment Describe arrangements made for local and backup hospital and medical services and their capabilities for the evaluation and treatment of' radiation contamination 17
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and exposure to_ individuals.
For both. hospital and medical services,.the'
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Plan should incorporate assurance not only that the required services arei
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available but'also that' persons providing the services'are. prepared'and qualified to handle _ radiological emergencies.
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6.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES In this chapter, describe the onsite equipment and' facilities-designated for-
- use during emergencies.
Provide sufficient detail to allow the NRC staff to determine the adequacy of.the equipment to' perform its function during~an emergency.
6.1 Control Point Describe the principal and alternate location (s) from which control and.
assessment for the emergency will be exercised.
Identify the criteria used-to predetermine the number and location of control points in order to ensure that at least one will be habitable'during any emergency.
Indicate the me'ans for identifying the control point that will be used in a given emergency.
Specify the criteria for evacuating a control point and re-establishing-control from an alternate location.
l 6.2 Communications Equipment 6.2.1 Onsite Communications 1
i Describe the primary and any alternate onsite communication system (s) that would j
be required to perform vital functions in transmitting and receiving onsite
-l information throughout the course of an emergency and subsequent recovery.
6.2.2 Offsite Communications Identify a backup means for offsite communications, other than commercial telephone, for notification of emergencies or requests for assistance.
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6.3 Onsite Medical Facilities Describe the facilities and medical supplies at the site designated for emergency first-aid treatment and decontamination of onsite individuals.
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l 6.4 Emergency Monitoring Equipment l
List and describe the dedicated emergency equipment that will be available for personnel and area monitoring as well as that for assessing the release of radioactive materials to the environment.
The description should include the purpose to be served.
The location for all monitoring equipment should be described.
Include similar descriptions of routine effluent monitors and meteorological measurement systems, if present.
Describe how those are to be used to assess the magnitude and dispersion of releases.
Include information in Section 6.2 by cross-reference if appropriate.
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7.0 MAINTENANCE OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS CAPABILITY 7.1 Written Emergency Plan Implementing Procedures-Identify the means for assuring that written emergency plan implementing procedures will be prepared and distributed to all affected parties.
Assure that these procedures will clearly state the duties, responsibilities, action levels, and actions to be taken by each group or individual in responding to an emergency condition.
Describe provisions for approval of the procedures, making and distributing changes to the procedures, and ensuring that each person responsible for an emergency response function has easy access to a current copy of each implementing procedure that pertains to his or her function (s).
7.2 Training Describe the topics and general content of training programs used for annual training of the onsite emergency response staff.
Specify the training l
afforded to those personnel who prepare, maintain, and implement the emergency plan.
Assure that the implementing procedures include schedules, training lesson plans, and the frequency of retraining, and the estimated number of j
hours of initial training and retraining that will be provided.
Include the training requirements for each position in the emergency organization.
Describe training to be provided in the use of protective equipment, such as respirators.
Describe the annual training program given to onsite personnel who are not members of the emergency response staff so that they are aware of I
what actions they may have to take following the declaration of an emergency.
7.3 Drills and Exercises Describe provisions for the conduct of periodic drills and exercises to test the adequacy of timing and content of implementing procedures, to test emergency equipment and instrumentation, and to ensure that the emergency personnel are familiar with their duties.
Preplanned descriptions of accidents should be used to prepare scenarios appropriate to the objectives of each drill and exercise.
The procedures should include a requirement for the use of one or 21 O
more nonparticipating observers during exercises to evaluate the effectiveness of the personnel, the procedures, and the readiness of equipment and instrumen-tation, and to recommend needed changes.
7.3.1 Annual Exercises Assure that an exercise will be held annually and that offsite response organizations will be invited to participate in the annual exercise in order to ensure coordination with offsite assistance organization (s), including testing of procedures and equipment for notification of and communication with local and state agencies.
Assure that the NRC Regional Office will be notified before an exercise is held so that inspectors may observe if they wish.
Assure that exercise scenarios are not known by exercise participants.
i
- 7. 4 Exercise Critiques i
Assure that a critique will be prepared for e x h exercise by one or more of the nonparticipating observers and that it will evaluate the appropriateness of the emergency plan, procedures, facilities, equipment, l
l personnel training, and overall effectiveness.
Describe how deficiencies
{
identified by the critique will be timely corrected.
(See Chapter 8 for I
records of exercises and exercise critiques.)
7.5 Review and Updating of the Plan and Procedures l
l Discuss the program to be used to annually review and audit the licensee's emergency preparedness program, including the emergency plan and its implemen-ting procedures, to ensure that they are adequate.
Describe the minimum qualifications of the person (s) that will be used for the annual audit and assure that the audits will be made by person (s) not having direct responsi-bility for implementing the emergency response program.
The emergency plan-and implementing procedures should be reviewed after each exercise, based on the evaluation of the exercise.
Consideration should also be given to a review of the emergency plan and its revision, if necessary, whenever changes occur in processes, kinds of material at risk, or' plant organization.
Assure that offsite letters of agreement are reviewed annually and renewed at least every four years.
22
7.6 Maintenance and Inventory of Emergency Equipment, Instrumentation, and Supplies Describe the plans for assuring that the equipment and instrumentation are in a working condition and that the stock of supplies is maintained.
Provision should be made for monthly checking that the specified inventory is intact and in operating condition, including instrumentation operation and calibration, demand respirators, self-contained breathing apparatus, fire fighting equipment and gear, supplemental lighting, and communications equipment.
The procedures should include timely corrective actions to be taken when deficiencies are found during these checks.
7.7 Verification of Emergency Telephone Numbers Provide assurance that emergency telephone numbers will be verified at least quarterly.
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8.0 RECORDS AND REPORTS 8.1 Records of Incidents Describe the assignment of responsibility for reporting and recording incidents of abnormal operation, equipment failure, and accidents that led to a plant emergency.
Provide a detailed description of the records that will be kept.
The records should include the cause of the incident, personnel and/or equipment involved, extent of injury and/or damage (onsite and offsite) resulting from the incident, corrective actions taken to terminate the emergency, and the action taken or planned to prevent a recurrence of the incident.
The records should also include the onsite and offsite support assistance requested and received.
The title (s) of the personnel responsible for maintaining the-records should be identified.
The minimum retention time for each record should be specified.
Those records unique to a radiological contingency, not covered by existing Commission regulations or license conditions, should be retained until the license is terminated.
8.2 Records of Preparedness Assurance Provide a description of the records that will be kept to confirm the mainten-ance of preparedness to respond to emergencies.
These records should include:
Training and retraining; Drills, exercises, and related critiques;
- Inventory and locations of emergency equipment and supplies; Maintenance, surveillance, calibration, and testing of emergency equipment and supplies; Agreements with offsite support organizations; and Reviews and updates of the emergency plan and notification of l
all personnel and offsite agencies affected by an update of the plan l
or its implementing procedures.
l 24
9.0 REC 0VERY 9.1 Plant Restoration Describe plans for restoring the facility to a safe status.
Although it is not possible to detail specific plans for every type of incident, the plans should include the general requirements-for (1) assessing the damage to and the status of the facility's capabilities to contain radioactivity, ('2) deter-mining the actions necessary to reduce any ongoing releases of radioactive or other hazardous material and preventing further incidents, and (3) accomplishing the tasks to meet any required restoration action.
Specifically, the plans should include the requirements for checking and restoring to normal operations all safety-related equipment involved in the j
incident (e.g., criticality alarms, radiation monitoring instruments, respira-tory protection equipment, fire-suppression and fire fighting equipment, containments, ard air filters).
l Ouring any plant restoration operations, personnel exposures to radiation must be maintained within 10 CFR Part 20 limits and as low as reasonably achievable.
25
_______ _ _________________.______________j
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10.0 COMPLIANCE WITH COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT
'I i
-l Provide assurance that the licensee is'in compliance with Title III of the.
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, Pub. L.99-499, entitled
" Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act of 1986," with respect.to.
I any hazardous materials possessed at the plant site.
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N%CPOXM U S NUCLE AR REGULATOAV COMMISSION 3 RtPQRT NUM4t R (Amynedf 9y T/DC, enf F0, No, af far b ',
d BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET
-0762, Rev. 1 SE E INSTRUCTIONS ON fREVER58 2 TeT Lt AND 8U81sTLE 3 LE AVE BL ANK Standard Fo,at and Content for Emergency Plans for Fuel-Cycle a Materials Facilities Draft Report Comment
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. ovember 1987 T nR,ORM,~o ORsANa AuON NAM. ANo MA,u AooRess,,
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paOncm Asa,woa. UN,i ~UMeia Division of Industrial Medical Nuc. Safety
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Office of Nuclear Materi' Safety and Safeguards U.S. Nuclear Regulatory C mission Washington, DC 20555 10 $PONSORING OFIGANG ATION NAMt AND MAILING ADDRE$$ ' eiude le Code) t la T YPE OF REPORT Division of Industrial & Medi 1 Nuc. Safety Office of Nuclear Material Safe and Safeguar Regulatory U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commissi
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Washington, DC 20555 12 $UPPLEMENT AR Y NOTES
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13 AS$YR ACT (200 worst or ress/
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This report is issued as guidance t thos L fuel-cycle and major materials licensees who are required by the NRC to pr are and ' bmit an emergency plan.
This Standard Format has been prepared to help. nsure uni ity and completeness in the preparation of those plans.
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