ML20216J375
| ML20216J375 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 07109033 |
| Issue date: | 04/15/1998 |
| From: | AMERSHAM CORP. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20216J373 | List: |
| References | |
| PROC-980415, NUDOCS 9804210367 | |
| Download: ML20216J375 (86) | |
Text
SMNTINEL TEST PLAN NO. ~742
- TEST PLAN COVER 5HEEli TEST TITLE
MODEL 66 o OP[Lh TYPC 6 D%sPoaT TESTS PRODUCT MODEL:
M C C)E L-- 666 CP (L.\\
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ORIGINATED 13Y:
DATE:
44Af%bff
~ TEST P)MN HEVIE5YS ENGINEERING APPROVAL.:
DATE:
/
't I6 hY QUALITY ASSURANCE APiklOVAL:
/
g DATE:
y REGULATORY AFFAIRS APPROVAL:
DATE:
b ll#)Ll,x f
/b'/ Y
/
COMMENTS:
d
- -TEST RESULTS REVIEN) ak ENGINEERING APPROVAL:
DATE:
QUALITY ASSURANCE APPROVAL:
DATE:
REGULATORY AFFAIRS APPROVAL:
DATE:
9804210367 980415 PDR ADOCK 07109033 fAmerSham QSA C
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Pagei Contents Lis t o f Figu res, Ta bles a n d Wo rks h e e ts....................................................................... iii 1.0 Background....
.. I 2.0 Transport Package...
....2 3.0 System Failures and Orientations...........................
....3 3.1 Package Orientations.
.4 3.2 Test Specimen Temperature...
....5 4.0 Test Specimen........
.6 5.0 Material and Equipment List..
.6 i
6.0 Test Procedure..
.7 i
i 6.1 Roles and Responsibilities....
.7 6.2 Test Specimen Preparation and Inspection...
.8 6.3 Four-foot Free Drop Test (10 CFR 71.71 (7))..
... 8 6.3.1 Four-foot Free Drop Setup..
.8 6.3.2 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens Al and A2.
10 6.3.3 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens B1 and B2..
I1 6.3.4 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens Cl and C2........ 12 6.3.5 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2................ 13 6.3.6 Four-foot Free Drop Assessment...........
13 1
6.4 30-foot Free Drop Test (10 CFR 71.73 (1)).....
. 14 6.4.130-foot Free Drop Setup..
14 6.4.2 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens Al and A2.
15
)
6.4.3 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens B1 and B2...
16 j
6.4.4 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens C1 and C2...
17 6.4.5 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2...
I8 6.4.6 30-foot Free Drop Test Assessment..
19 6.5 Puncture Test (10 CFR 71.73 (3)).
19 i
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76
. Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Durlington. Massachusetts Pageii 6.5.1 Punc ture Test Setup............................................................. 20 6.5.2 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens A1 and A2.................... 21 6.5.3 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens Bl and B2............. 23 6.5.4 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens C1 and C2................ 24 6.5.5 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2.................. 26 6.5.6 Puncture Test Assessment......
.................................27 6.6 1 ntermedlate Test Inspection.......................................................... 27 6.7 Thermal Test ( 10 CFR 71.73 4)....................................................... 2 8 6.7.1 Thermal Test Procedure......
.......... 2 8 6.7.2 Thermal Test Assessment........................................... 3 0
- 6. 8 Final Tes t I nspectio n.....................................................
..........30
' 6.9 Fi n al A s se ss me n t............................................................... 3 1 7.0 Worksheets.....
.......... 3 2 7.1 Temperature Measurement Points....................................................... 3 2 Appendix A: Drawings Appendix H: Thermal Test Airflow Calculations Conditions for Proj ector-Only Tests.............................................................. B-1 Conditions for Tests with Projector and Container............................................. B-3 t
I
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Page iii List of Figures, Tables and Worksheets Table 1: Insert Foam Thickness..
...2 Figure 1: Side View of a Model 660 Series Projector in the Shipping Container...
.. 3 Table 2: Test Specimen Containers and Orientation.
... 6 Figure 2: BRE Orientation for the Four-Foot Free Drop..
10 Figure 3: ITP Orientation for the Four-Foot Free Drop.....
.........I1 Figure 4: Rear Latch Orientation for the Four-Foot Free Drop.
... 12 Figure 5: TRE Orientation for the Four-Foot Free Drop.
13 Figure 6: BRE Orientation for the 30-Foot Free Drop.
. 15 Figure 7: ITP Orientation for the 30-Foot Free Drop.
16 Figure 8: Rear Latch Orientation for the 30-Foot Free Drop.
. 17 Figure 9: TRE Orientation for the 30-Foot Free Drop..
.. 18 Figure 10: BRE Orientation for the Puncture Test...
... 21 Figure 11: Projector-Only BRE Orientation for the Puncture Test..
... 22 Figure 12: NTP Orientation for the Puncture Test.
.23 Figure 13: Rear Latch Orientation for the Puncture Test..
. 24 q
Figure 14: Specimen C1 and C2 Projector-Only Orientation for the Puncture Test..... 25 Figure 15: TRE Orientation for the Puncture Test............................
..... 26
]
Figure 16: Alternate Source Location Method...
... 30 Table 3: Test Specimen Temperature Measurement..
... 32 Equipment List 1: Four-foot Free Drop...
........ 3 3 Checklist 1: Four-foot Free Drop......
.. 34 Checklist 2: Four-foot Free Drop..
.... 3 6 Equipment List 2: 30-foot Free Drop.
38 Checklist 3: 30-foot Free Drop
.39 Checklist 4: 30-foot Free Drop
..... 42
. 45 Equipment List 3: Puncture Test.
I 1
e I
i SENTINEL Test Plan #76 i
Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page iv 1
1 Checkli st 5 : Puncture Test.......................................................................... 4 6 C hec klist 6 : P unct u re Te st................................................................................ 49 Equipment List 4: Thermal Test...............
. 52 Checklist 7: Thermal Test..................................................
... 53 Checklist 8: Thermal Test.....................
.. 56 i
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I i
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i SENTINEL Test Plan #76
)
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 1 of 56 Amersham Test Plan #76 This document describes Type B(U) transport package testing of the SENTINEL Model 660 Series projector in a steel shipping container. The purpose of the testing is to demonstrate that the projector in this container meets the NRC requirements for Type B(U) packages under liypothetical Accident Conditions (10 CFR 71.73) and the criteria stated in I AEA, Safety Series 6 (1985, as amended 1990).
This test plan outlines the testing scenario,justi6es the package orientations and provides test l
worksheets to record key steps in the testing sequence.
1.0 Background
During 1997, the Model 660 Series projector was tested in accordance with 10 CFR 71 and Amersham Test Plans #70, #73 and #74.
Test Plan #70 subjected the Model 660 Series projector in its NRC approved con 6guration to the Normal Conditions of Transport and Ilypothetical Accident Conditions tests specified in 10 CFR 71. One unit failed because of shield oxidation after the thermal test. The faihire was caused by the loss of two carbon steel end-plate screws during the 30-foot drop that targeted the bottom rear edge of the projector. Once the handic melted away, the missing end-plate screws allowed the end-plate to pivot away from the unit, exposing the rigid foam to the heating elements. The foam bnrned away leaving the depleted uranium shield to oxidize during the four-day cooling process. We concluded the oxidized shield would not provide sufficient shielding to meet the acceptance criteria of 1 R/hr at a meter.
Test Plan #73 demonstrated the Model 660 Series projector with the stainless steel end-plate screws instead of he carbon steel screws satisfies the Normal Conditions of Transport requirements of 10 CFR 71.71.
Test Plan #74 demonstrated the Model 660 Series projector with stainless steel screws kept the end-plates attached to the unit. He test results show one unit had measured radiation levels over i R/hr at a meter, it appears that the shield shifted either during the thermal test or during transport from the testing facility in Tennessee to Amersham in Massachusetts. The circumstances of the shift are not known because source position measurements were not taken l
immediately after the thermal test.
Test Plan #76 will demonstrate the Model 660 Series projector in a padded steel box meets the Type B(U) transport test requirements of 10 CFR 71 and the criteria stated in I AEA, Safety Series 6 (1985, as amended 1990).
The flypothetical Accident Conditions tests (10 CFR 71.73) to be performed are the 30-foot free drop, puncture test and thermal test. The units will first undergo the four-foot free drop specified in 10 CFR 71.71.
.J
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burhngton, Massachusetts Page 2 of 58 The crush test (10 CFR 71.73 (c.)(2)) will not be performed because the radioactive contents are special-form radioactive material. The immersion test and all other conditions specified in 10 CFR 71.73 will be separately evaluated in accordance with Amersham Work Instruction Wi-E08.
2.0 Transport Package The transport package consists of the Model 660 Series projector secured in a steel shipping container with shock absorbing polyethylene foam inserts inside the box and an insert made of foam and 1 7/8 inch plywood attached to the inside of the cover (Figure 1). The inserts secure the Model 660 Series projector in the center of the box. The foam insert in the box is partially 3
lined with sheet metal. The density of the foam is 4 lbs/ft. Table I lists the thickness of the foam at various points around the projector.
Table 1: Insert Foam Thickness L 13 cation!
) Foam Thickness.
On top of the projector 2 3/4 in.
Underneath the projector 2 in.
Against the projector sides 13/16 in.
Against the projector end-plates i 3/4 in.
Four of the containers will have front, rear and bottom lead panels. The purpose of the lead is to reduce measured radiation to less than 50 mR/ hour at the surface and to less than 1 mR/ hour at I meter in order to meet U.S. Department of Transportation Yellow 11 requirements (49 CFR Part 171 to 179).
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 3 of 58 1
3 Insert Attached to Cover Container cover Cfrrifr@ handle
'.q Cover s]
]..
latches Model 660 Series Projector I
l I l 6[
Lock assembly l
)iJ, Sheet metal
- Front end-plate
]
Rear end-plate -.
-Shipping plug
-T Foam insert g,,,,,
- - rear edge of container l
r l
Foam Lead (Yellow ll Transport)
Wood l
l Figure 1: Side View ofa Model 660 Series Projector in the Shipping Container 3.0 System Failures and Orientations The objective of the mechanical tests is to separate the lid from the container and then attack the Model 660 Series projector without any protection. If the lid is removed as a result of one of the flypothetical Accident Conditions tests, the projector will be tested without the container for all subsequent tests for the particular specimen. For purposes of this test plan, the lid will be considered removed if either latch is opened.
There are two objectives for the attack on the projector inside or outside of the container:
Move the source from its ideal shielded position. If the source tube has been dam-
+
aged or dislocated during the 30-foot drop or puncture test and if the projector foam has burned off during the thermal test, the shield may be able to move within the projector. If the source wire is engaged in the lock assembly when the shield moves, the source may be pulled from the center of the shield which provides max-imum shielding. The displacement could result in elevated radiation levels.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 j
Burlington, Massachusetts Page 4 of 58
{
Remove an end-plate from the projector enough to expose the depleted uranium
+
shield to the heating elements and oxygen during the thermal once the foam has burned off. Such exposure could lead to oxidation of the shield and increased levels of radiation.
3.1 Package Orientations A total of eight packages are to be tested using four different orientations to test Yellow 11 and non Yellow 11 versions of the container:
Hottom Rear Edge (HRE)
+
This orientation targets the bottom rear edge of the container in the free drops and the puncture test. Previous test results indicated that BRE is the most damaging package orientation for the mechanical tests. The BRE orientation caused the failure of the rear end-plate screws and the subsequent shield failure in Test Plan #70.
For this orientation, the test specimen temperature must be at or below -40 C at i
the time ofimpact.
The package orientation for the thermal test will be determined during the preliminary assessment after the puncture test.
Inverted Transport Position (ITP)
+
The ITP orientation impacts the top of the container cover for the free drops and the puncture test. Experimental drops with the package indicate that the ITP orientation could cause the shell to move relative to the end-plates.
The test specimen temperature must be at or above 27 C at the time ofimpact.
Based on experimental testing, the container in the ITP orientation will be presumed to have opened as a result 30-foot drop regardless of the actual outcome of the drop. The projector will be removed from the container and undergo the puncture and thermal tests without the container. The punctun., tests for ITP specimens will position the package in the normal transport position.
l The package orientation for the thennal test will be determined during the preliminary assessment after the puncture test.
llear Latch
+
The third orientation provides a direct hit on the rear latch. If the lid is removed in the 30-foot free drop, the puncture test will target the bottom rear edge of the projector.
The test specimen temperature must be at or above 27* C at the time ofimpact.
The package orientation for the thermal test will be determined during the preliminary assessment after the puncture test.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Arnersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Page 5 of 58 Top Rear Edge (TRE)
+
This orientation targets the top rear edge of the container in an attempt tojar the cover off.
The test specimen temperature must be at or above 27* C at the time ofimpact.
The package orientation for the thermal test will be determined during the preliminary assessment after the puncture test.
3.2 Test Specimen Temperature The temperature-at impact specified for each orientation is the internal temperature of the test specimen.
If the test specimen consists of a projector inside the container, measure the tem-
+
perature of the container foam and the temperature of the projector foam. Both tem-peratures must be at the specified levels.
If the test specimen consists of a projector removed from its container, measure the
-l temperature of the foam inside the projector.
The thermal test requires that the specimen temperature exceed 800 C for the duration of the test.
If the test specimen consists of a projector inside the container, monitor the tem-perature of the container foam.
If the test specimen consists of a projector removed from its container, measure the temperature inside the source tube,
i 1
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corpcration April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 6 of 58 j
4.0 Test Specimen i
The eight test specimens, as specified in SENTINEL Drawing TP76aX, Rev. B (TP76-X), each consist of a Model 660 Series projector in accordance with Certificate of Compliance 9033, O
packaged in a metal container. TP76-X is a tabulated drawing describing two versions of the container, C66060-I and C66060-2.
TP76-X specifies a change in current manufacturing practice to ensure the Model 660 Series projector is in a worst-case condition. The shield is specially made to increase the weight of the specimen by adding depleted uranium to the ears, that is, to the source-tube exit portions of the shield. Supplemental lead is also wrapped symmetrically around the shield to further increase l
the weight. The added weight induces higher loads during dynamic testing.
i Four of the specimens are to be constructed using C66060-1 containers that include front, rear and bottom lead panels for Yellow II Transport as shown in Figure 1 on page 3. The other four i
test specimens are to be assembled without the lead panels (part C66060-2).
l Table 2 identifies the test specimens by container type and test orientation.
i i
Table 2: Test Specimen Containers and Orientation
[
[ On,entat
. Yellow II Contaitier;
'C66060 [ E _
9E680501 '
~
2
- le$d' Panels Removed ion;
- I BRE Al A2 ITP BI B2 Rear Latch CI C2 TRE D1 D2 5.0 Material and Equipment List The equipment checklists in Section 7.0 starting on page 32 list the key materials and equipment specified in 10 CFR 71 and the necessary measurement instruments.
When video recording is specified, select video cameras with the highest shutter speed practical to record testing.
Additional materials and equipment may be used to facilitate the tests.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 7 of 58 6.0 Test Procedure The tests follow this sequence:
1.
Test specimen preparation and inspection 2.
Four-foot free drop (10 CFR 71.71 (7))
j 3.
30-foot free drop (10 CFR 71.73 (1))
4.
Puncture test (10 CFR 71.73 (3))
5.
Intermediate test inspection 6.
Thermal test (10 CFR 71.73 (4))
7.
Final test inspection i
Each test specimen must be put through the entire test sequence. If test conditions such as the orientation at impact are not met during the test of a particular specimen, it may be replaced with a specimen of equivalent construction. The replacement must go through the entire test sequence.
6.1 Roles and Responsibilities The responsibilities of the groups identified in this plan are:
l Engineering executes the tests according to the test plan and summarizes the test results. Engineering also provides technical input to assist Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance as needed.
Regulatory Affairs monitors the tests and reviews test repons for compliance with regulatory requirements.
Quality Assurance oversees test execution and test report generation to ensure compliance with 10 CFR 71, other regulatory requirements and the Amersham Quality Assurance Program.
Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance arejointly responsible for assessing test and specimen conditions relative to 10 CFR 71.
Quality Control, a function that reports directly to Quality Assurance, is responsi.
ble for measuring and recording test and specimen data throughout the test cycle.
The managers directly responsible for Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance will identify and document personnel who are qualified to represent their departments in carrying out this test plan.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amerr. ham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 8 of 58 1
l 6.2 Test Specimen Preparation and inspection To prepare the test units:
1.
Manufacture each test specimen in accordance with TP76-X l
2.
Inspect the test units to ensure that they comply with the requirements of the TP76-X.
3.
Perform and record the radiation profile in accordance with Amersham Work j
Instruction Wi-Q09.
4.
Measure and record the location of the source using tool BT10142, Rev. A.
5.
Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance willjointly verify that the J
test specimens comply with TP76-X, and the Arnersham Quality Assurance Program.
6.
Prepare the package for transport.
6.3 Four-foot Free Drop Test (10 CFR 71.71 (7))
I The first test is the four-foot free drop as described in 10 CFR 71,71 (7). This Normal j
Conditions of Transport test is included to provide preliminary damage to the units.
Refer to Equipment List i on page 33 for information about required tools. Date and initial all action items, and record required data on the appropriate worksheet:
1 For Specimens Al, A2, B I and B2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist I starting on
]
page 34.
l For Specimens C l, C2, Di and D2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist 2 starting on page 36.
6.3.1 Four-foot Free Drop Setup in this test, the package is released from a height of four feet and lands on the steel drop surface specified in Drawing AT10122, Rev. B.
l NOTE:
Because each test is designed to add to damage inflicted on a specipc component or l
assembly in the preceding test, it is important that each specimen maintain its identity l
throughout the battery oftests and that the setup instructions specyle to the specimen are strictlyfollowed.
Specimens Al and A2 must be at or below -40 C at the time ofimpact. All others must be at or above 27 C at impact. Follow the instructions in the appropriate checklist for measuring and recording the test specimen temperature before and after the drop.
To set up a package for the four-foot drop test:
I SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 l
Burlington, Massachusetts Page 9 of 58 l
1.
Use the drop surface specified in Drawing AT10122, Rev B.
2.
Measure and record the test specimen temperature to ensure that the package is at the specified level.
3.
Place the specimen on the drop surface and position it according to the appropriate orientation:
1 Refer to Figure 2 on page 10 for Specimens Al and A2 Refer to Figure 3 on page 1 I for Specimens BI and B2 t
Refer to Figure 4 on page 12 for Specimens C1 and C2 Refer to Figure 5 on page 13 for Specimens Di and D2 4.
Align the selected center-of-gravity marker as shown in the referenced drawing.
5.
Raise the package so that the impact target is 4.0 to 4.5 feet above the drop surface.
1 I
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 -
Burlington, Massachusetts Page 10 of 58 6.3.2 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens A1 and A2 Specimens A 1 and A2 use the BRE orientation for the four-foot free drop (Figure 2). Align the l
center-of-gravity marker over the bottom rear edge of the container.
l
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g-\\ j,ihl
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Impact Surface: #j Bottom rear edge l
of the container l
4.0 to 4.5 feet I
l l
i Drop Surface I
l Drawing AT10122, Q' %sW!-
Rev. B l
Figure 2: BRE Orientationfor the Four-Foot Free Drop l
[
i SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998
)
Burlington, Massachusetts Page 11 of 58 6.3.3 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens B1 and B2 Specimens B1 and B2 use the ITP orientation for the four-foot free drop (Figure 3).
l
[O 4
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-)f f
i e
W f
s __ __ !_. __ _ 5 l
l Impact Surface:
}
Top of the container
{
cover 4.0 to 4.5 feet I
Drop Surface Drawing AT10122, Rev.B s
I
%Nij,
Figure 3: ITP Orientationfor the Four-Foot Free Drop l
l
r SENTIN!!L Test Plan #76 Amersham Cor;, oration April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 12 of 58 l
6.3.4 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens C1 and C2 Specimens C1 and C2 use the Rear Latch orientation for the four-foot free drop (Figure 4).
i l
e p.
i M,
li Y.
Impact Surface:
/
Rear cover l
latch l
l l
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4.0 to 4.5 feet Drop Surface Drawing AT10122,
{
Rev.B s
%dihlW Figure 4: Rear Latch Orientationfor the Four-Foot Free Drop 1
I
L-SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Buriington, Massachusetts Page 13 of 58 6.3.5 Four-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2 Specimens Di and D2 use the TRE orientation for the four-foot free drop (Figure 5).
l l
[
/Y h
/
/
Impact Surface:
'" l Top rear edge of the container i,
4.0 to 4.5 feet l
l t
Drop Surface Drawing AT10122 Rev.B
.uWO Figure 5: TRE Orientationfor the Four-Foot Free Drop 6.3.6 Four-foot Free Drop Assessment Upon completion of the test, Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance team members willjointly perform the following tasks:
1.
Review the test execution to ensure that the test was perfonned in accor-dance with 10 CFR 71.71.
2.
Make a preliminary evaluation of the specimen relative to the requirements of 10 CFR 71,71.
3.
Assess the damage to the specimen to decide whether testing of that specimen is to continue.
4.
Evaluate the condition of the specimen to determine what changes are necessary in package orientation in the 30-foot free drop to achieve maximum damage.
l
r 1
SENiiNEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 14 of 58
]
l i
6.4 30-foot Free Drop Test (10 CFR 71.73 (1))
l The first flypothetical Accident Conditions test is the 30-foot free drop as described in l
10 CFR 71.73 (1). This drop uses the same orientations as the four-foot free drop and compounds any damage caused in that test.
Refer to Equipment List 2 on page 38 for information about required tools. Date and initial all action items, and record required data on the appropriate worksheet:
1 For Specimens Al, A2, B1 and B2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist 3 starting on
+
page 39.
For Specimens Cl, C2, D1 and D2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist 4 starting on
+
page 42.
6.4.1 30-foot Free Drop Setup In this test, the package is released from a height of 30 feet and lands on the steel drop surface specified in Drawing AT10122, Rev. B.
Specimens Al and A2 must be at or below -40 C at the time ofimpact. All others must be at or above 27 C at impact. Follow the instructions in the appropriate checklist for measuring and recording the test specimen temperature before and after the drop.
To set up a package for the 30-foot free drop:
1.
Use the drop surface specified in Drawing AT10122, Rev B.
2.
Measure and record the test specimen temperature to ensure that the package is at the specified level.
3.
Place the specimen on the drop surface and position it according to the appropriate l
orientation:
Refer to Figure 6 on page 15 for Specimens Al and A2
)
Refer to Figure 7 on page 16 for Specimens B t and B2 i
+
Refer to Figure 8 on page 17 for Specimens C1 and C2
+
i l
Refer to Figure 9 on page 18 for Specimens Di and D2
+
4.
Align the selected center-of-gravity marker as shown in the referenced drawing.
5.
Raise the package so that the impact target is 30 to 32 feet above the drop surface.
I j
1 i
I l
1 i
l l
J
1 i
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 j
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 15 of 58 6.4.2 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens A1 and A2 Specimens A1 and A2 use the BRE orientation for the 30-foot free drop (Figure 6).
/
N W-Impact Surface: #
Bottom rear edge of the container i
30 to 32 feet Drop Surface Drawing AT10122, f Rev. B
(.
Figure 6: BRE Orientationfor the 30-Foot Free Drop
I l
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 16 of 58 6.4.3 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens B1 and B2 Specimens B1 and B2 use the ITP orientation for the 30-foot free drop (Figure 7).
l
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)
i
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i
=
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Impact Surface:
Top of the container cover l
i l
I
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30 to 32 feet
)
i i
)
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Drop Surface Drawing AT10122 Dw... >,. [@
1 Figure 7: ITP Orientationfor the 30-Foot Free Drop l
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1 l
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 17 of 58 6.4.4 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens C1 and C2 Specimens C1 and C2 use the Rear Latch orientation for the 30-foot free drop (Figure 8).
.,.. ~
-.]
i l
W
'J-
/
1 I-Impact Surface:
!/
l Rear cover l
l latch I
f 30 to 32 feet l
l I
l l
Drop Surface Drawing AT10122, Rev.B s
l
%GCW Figure 8: Rear Latch Orientationfor the 30-Foot Free Drop I
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 18 of 58 I
6.4.5 30-foot Drop Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2 l
l Specimens D1 and D2 use the TRE orientation for the 30-foot free drop (Figure 9).
l i
i l
/
/
(s ?,
b'
\\ y,/
Impact Surface: #l l
Top rear edge of the container l
l 30 to 32 feet i
j Drop Surface Drawing AT10122, l Rev. B s
W' Figure 9: TRE Orientationfor the 30-Foot Free Drop l
SENTINEL Test Plan #76
(
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 19 of 58 6.4.6 30-foot Free Drop Test Assessment Upon completion of the test, Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance team members willjointly perform the following tasks:
l Review the test execution to ensure that the test was performed in accordance with 10 CFR 71.73, and in accordance with the impact orientation a nd other conditions specified in this plan.
Make a preliminary evaluation of the specimen relative to the requirements of 10 CFR 71.73.
Evaluate the condition of the specimen to detennine if changes are necessary in package orientation in the puncture test to achieve maximum damage.
(
For specimens tested with the ITP orientation, remove projector from the con-tainer and test it without the container. Orient the projector in the nonnal trans-port position.
I For all other test units, test the projector without the container if the cover was j
opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop.
j i
(
Specify an alternate puncture test orientation for a specimen if assessment re-
]
veals a more vulnerable surface.
)
J 6.5 Puncture Test (10 CFR 71.73 (3))
The 30-foot free drop is followed by the puncture test per 10 CFR 71.73 (3), in which the package is dropped from a height of at least 40 inches onto the puncture billet specified in Drawing CT10119, Rev. C.
The billet is to be bolted to the drop surface used in the free drop tests (Figure 10 on page 21).
The 12-inch high puncture billet meets the minimum height (8 inches) required in 10 CFR 71.73 (3). The specimen has no projections or overhanging members longer than 8 inches which could act as impact absorbers, thus allowing the billet to cause the maximum damage to the specimen. The billet has sufficient height to provide for unlatching the container cover.
Refer to Equipment List 3 on page 45 for information about required tools. Date and initial all action items, and record required data on the appropriate worksheet:
For Specimens A1, A2, Bl and B2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist 5 starting on page 46.
For Specimens Cl, C2, D1 and D2, refer to Test Procedure Checklist 6 starting on page 49.
Specimens Al and A2 must be at or below -40 C at the time ofimpact. All others must be at or above 27 C on impact. Follow the instructions in the appropriate checklist for measuring and recording the test specimen temperature before and aller the drop.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 20 of 58 6.5.1 Puncture Test Setup To set up a test specimen for the puncture test:
1.
Measure and record the weight of the test specimen.
2.
Measure and record the test specimen temperature to ensure that the package is at the specified level.
3.
Position the unit according to the appropriate orientation:
Refer to Figure 10 on page 21 for Specimens A1 and A2.
+
If either lid latch has been opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop, remove i
the projector from the container and test it using the projector-only BRE orientation shown in Figure 11 on page 22.
Refer to Figure 12 on page 23 for Specimens B1 and B2.
+
Refer to Figure 13 on page 24 for Specimens C1 and C2.
+
If the container has been opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop, remove the projector from the container and test it using the projector-only lock-hit orientation shown in Figure 14 on page 25.
Refer to Figure 15 on page 26 for Specimens Di and D2.
+
If the container has been opened as a result of the 30-foot f ree drop, remove the projector from the container and test it using the Projector-Only BRE orientation shown in Figure 11 on page 22.
l 4.
Check the alignment of the specified center-of-gravity marker with the targeted point ofimpact.
5.
Raise the package so that there are 40 to 42 inches between the package and the top of the puncture billet.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 21 of 58 6.5.2 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens A1 and A2 Specimens Al and A2 use the BRE orientation for the puncture test (Figure 10).
/
/'
f/
S N y
L,6 6
f Impact Surface:
Bottom rear edge of the container l
l 40 to 42 inches i
t Puncture Billet Drawing CT10119\\'
Rev.C Drop Surface e
Drawing AT10122,
- g' g
(_ g g Rev.8 Figure 10: BRE Orientationfor the Puncture Test If the container has been opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop, remove projector from the container and test it without the container. Orient the projector as shown in Figure 11.
I
.p SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 22 of 58 The projector-only BRE setup targets the bottom edge of the rear end-plate to distort the end.
plate and loosen or shear the screws securing the end plate to the interior metal rods. The bottom edge provides the largest, unobstructed flat surface on the plate. The impact will crush the bottom of the end plate into the polyurethane foam, the softest material in the package, and cause the maximum distortion of the plate.
l l
Center-of-Gravity s(w\\fw,-
l Marker t
T
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Impact Surface:
l Bottom edge of j
rear end-plate 40 to 42 inches -
l o
Puncture Billet Drawing CT10119 Rev.C O
M sa u
i AT10122 Rev.B Figure 11: Projector-Only BRE Orientationfor the Puncture Test l' 4 i
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 23 of 58 6.5.3 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens B1 and B2 Specimens Bl and B2 are tested without the container. The projector is oriented in a normal transport position (NTP) orientation (Figure 12). Align the center-of-gravity marker over the billet.
d j
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_.__I Center-of-Gravity Marker ty b[
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impact Surface:
I, Bottom of the package l
40 to 42 inches between the end plates l
F Puncture Billet Drawing CT10119 Rev.C 4h 5 E E
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Drop Surface Drawing AT10122 Figure 12: NTP Orientationfor the Puncture Test
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 24 of 58 l
i 6.5.4 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens C1 and C2 i
Specimens C1 and C2 use the Rear Latch orientation for the puncture test (Figure 13).
J
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l k..._,I &l l s
I w
impact Surface:
l Rear cover latch l
l 40 to 42 inches t
l Puncture Billet Drawing CT10119 l
Rev.C l
1 Drop Surface e
Drawing AT10122, r c Rev.B e
l fl 17
- i... [N Figure 13: Rear Latch 0rientationfor the Puncture Test If the container has been opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop, test the projector without l
the container. Orient the projector as shown in Figure 14 on page 25.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 25 of 58 The projector-only orientation for Specimens C1 and C2 attacks the lock assembly on the rear end-plate. Align the center-of-gravity marker over the lock assembly and ensure that the plunger lock clears the top of the billet.
N
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i impact Surface-
{
40 to 42 inches Outer edge of the lock assembly cover u
l Puncture Billet Drawing CT10119 Rev.C Drop Surface P
1h Drawing AT10122, I
E
?
Rev.B j
Figure 14: Specimen C1 and C2 Projector-Only Orientationfor the Puncture Test r
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6.5.5 Puncture Test Orientation for Specimens D1 and D2 t
l Specimens DI and D2 use the TRE orientation for the puncture test (Figure 15).
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impact Surface:
l Top rear edge i
of the container i
40 to 42 inches I
j Puncture Billet l
Drawing CT10119
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Rev.C
\\
j Drop Surface
.o e
Drawing AT10122, M@I, Rev.B C'7 Figure 15: TRE Orientationfor the Puncture Test If the container has been opened as a result of the 30-foot free drop, test the projector without the container. Orient the projector as shown in Figure 11 on page 22.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 4
Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 27 of 58 6.5.6 Puncture Test Assessment Upon completion of the test, Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance team l
members willjointly perform the following tasks:
)
1.
Review the test execution to ensure that the test was performed in accor-dance with 10 CFR 71.73, and in accordance with the impact orientation and other conditions specified in this plan.
.2.
Make a preliminary evaluation of the specimen relative to the requirements of 10 CFR 71.73.
3.
Assess the damage to the specimen to decide whether testing of that specimen is to continue.
4.
Evaluate the condition of the specimen to detennine the package orientation for the thermal test to achieve maximum damage.
5.
Based on the condition of the specimen, determine whether the projector should be subjected to the thermal test with or without the container.
6.
As part of the evaluation, measure the weight of the specimen.
6.6 Intermediate Test inspection Perform an intermediate test inspection after the puncture test.
1.
Radiograph the specimen.
2.
Measure and record any damage to the test specimen.
3.
If possible, measure and record the source location using tool llT10142, Rev. A.
4.
Measure and record a radiation profile of the test specimen in accordance with Amersham Work Instruction Wi-Q09, if possible without removing either projector end-plate.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burhngton. Massachusetts Page 28 of 58 6.7 Thermal Test (10 CFR 71.73 4)
The final requirement is the thermal test specified in 16 CFR 71.73 (4). At least one test specimen from each orientation - the one with the greater damage - will undergo the thermal test. For Specimens Bl and B2, the projector is tested without the protection of the container.
The other test specimens consist of the projector inside the container. Ilowever, if the lid was opened as a result of the 30-foot drop or the puncture test, the projector will tested without the container.
Refer to Equipment List 4 on page 52 for tools required by the test. Date and initial all action items, and record required data on the appropriate worksheet:
For Specimens Al, A2, B1 and B2, use Test Procedure Checklist 7 starting on page 53.
For Specimens Cl, C2, DI and D2 use Test Procedure Checklist 8 starting on page 56.
To ensure sulTicient heat input to the test specimens, each specimen will be preheated to a temperature of at least 800 C and held to at least that temperature for 30 minutes. This test condition provides heat input in excess of the requirements specified in 10 CFR 71.73(c)(4),
which does not include a preheat condition.The preheat condition assures equivalent heat input regard!ess of emissivity and absorptivity coeffi:ients.
The test environment is a vented electric oven operating at a temperature greater than 800* C.
The test specimen temperature will be monitored throughout the test to ensure that the package remains at or above 800* C.
To promote combustion, maximize the airflow into the oven consistent with maintaining temperature above 800 C.
If the specimen is burning when it is removed, the unit is allowed to extinguish by itself and then cool naturally. The final evaluation of the pitckage is performed when the specimen reaches ambient temperature.
6.7.1 Thermal Test Procedure NOTE:
If the test specimen consists ofa projector inside its container. test specimen temperature in thefollowing instructions and on the related checklists refers to the temperature ofthe containerfoam.
If the test specimen is a projector removedfrom its container, test specimen temperature in thefollowing instructions and on the related checklists refers to the temperature inside the source tube.
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l SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 29 of 58 l
To perform the thermal test:
1.
Bring the oven temperature above 800 C.
2.
Insert thermocouples into the test specimen's measurement locations.
l 3.
Place the specimen in the oven and close the door.
4.
When the test specimen temperature goes above 800 C, start air flow and start a l
30-minute timer, i
l 5.
Measure and record the oven and test specimen temperatures, and the air flow rate.
Record whether there is any visible combustion.
6.
Monitor the test specimen and the oven temperatures throughout the 30-minute test period to ensure that both remain above 800 C.
7 Monitor the airflow rate throughout the test period to ensure the maximum airflow rate without cooling the oven specimen temperature below 800 C.
8.
At the end of the 30 minutes, repeat Step 5.
t 9.
Remove the test specimen from the oven.
10.
Allow the package to self-extinguish and cool.
I 1.
Radiograph the unit to determine the shield location.
12.
Measure and record the source location using tool BT10142, Rev. A.
If damage to the test specimen prevents use of the tool, measure and record the location of the source by removing the front end-plate and measuring the distance between the source and the front end of the shield (Figure 16). This procedure may require cutting the end of the source tube ifit is crimped.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 30 of 58 m
m
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i f
Remove front
/y'
~}
end-plate
/
_ 7. p l
f 7
/
n r
Measure Teleflex of g
tool BT10142 I
/
if necessary, cut the g--
g J
source tube to insert tool g,
Figure 16: Alternate Source Location Method NOTE:
This alternate method.should only be used of tool BT10142, Rev. A, cannot be used.
6.7.2 Thermal Test Assessment Upon completion of the test, Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance team members willjointly perform the following task:
Review the test execution to ensure that the test was performed in accordance with
+
10 CFR 71 and the test conditions specified in this plan.
6.8 Final Test inspection Perform the following inspections after completion of the thennal test:
1.
Radiograph the specimen.
2.
Measure and record any damage to the test specimen.
3.
Ensure that the source is in the same location it was immediately after tiie thermal test (see step 12 on page 29).
4.
Profile the package using an active source in accordance with Amersham Work Instruction Wi-Q09.
5.
Assess radiation measurement at one meter from the package.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 31 of 58 6.
Determine whether it is necessary to dismantle the test specimen for inspection of hidden component damage or failure.
7.
If the d'ecision is to proceed with the inspection, record and photograph the process of removing any component.
8.
Measure and record any damage or failure found in the process of dismantling the test specimen.
6.9 Final Assessment l
Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance team members will make a final I
assessment of the test specimen, and jointly determine whether the specimen meets the requirements of 10 CFR 71.73.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Buriington, Massachusetts Page 32 of 58 7.0 Worksheets t
l Use the following worxsheets for executing these tests. There are three worksheets for each test:
l an equipment list and two test procedure checklists.
Use the test equipment list to record the serial number ofeach measurement device used. Attach a copy of the relevant inspection report or calibration certificate after you have verified the range and accuracy of the equipment.
Quality Control will initial each step on the checklist as it is executed and record data as required.The Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance representatives must witness all testing to ensure the testing is performed in accordance with this test plan and 10 Ci:R 71.
Make copies of the forms for additional attempts. Maintain records of all attempts.
7.1 Temperature Measurement Points Table 3 lists the measurement points for determining the test specimen temperature as required i
in the following worksheets.
Table 3: Test Specimen Temperature Measurement Test With Container Without Container Four-foot free drop Container foam and projector foam N/A 30-foot free drop Container foam and projector foam N/A Puncture test Container foam and projector foam Projector foam i
lhermal test Container foam. Insert Insert a thermocouple into the thermocouples into the top, the rear storage tube for an extemal l
and one side of the container, measurement and a thermocouple into the source tube for an internal measurement.
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l SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burbngton, Massachusetts Page 33 of 58 Equipment List 1: Four-foot Free Drop Enter the Model and Attach inspection Report or Description Serial Number Calibration Certificate Drop Surface, Drawing AT10122, Rev. B Thennometer Thermocouple flexible probe Thetmoccuple surface probe i
Record any additional tools used to facilitate the test and attach the appropriate inspection report or calibration certificate.
Verified by:
Signature Date Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance i
I SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Durlington, Massachusetts Page 34 of 58 j
Checklist 1: Four-foot Free Drop Test Location:
Attempt Number:
{
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l Step Al A2 Bt B2 l
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- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
)
t l
- 2. Prepare the specimen to bring its temperature At or below At or below Atorabove Atorabove to the specified level.
-40* C
-40* C 27'C 27* C 4
Steps I and 2 witnessed by:
Engineering
)
l Regulatory Affairs j
j Quality Assurance
- 3. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 4. Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
- 5. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
- 6. Measure the test specimen temperature and At or below At or below Atorabove Atorabove ensure that it is at the specified level.
-10* C
-40*C 27* C 27* C Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 7. Lill and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 2 on Figure 2 on Figure 3 on Figure 3 on the referenecd ligure for the specimen.
page 10 page 10 page 11 page 11
- 8. Inspect the orientation setup and verify drop height.
Steps 3 through 8 witnessed by:
l Engineering 1
Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 9. Release the test specimen.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 35 of 58 Checklist 1 Four-foot Free Drop (Continued)
Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Al A2 Bl B2
- 10. Measure the test specimen temperature.
Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 11. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
- 12. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
Steps 9 through 13 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 13. Engineering. Regulatory AtTairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
Determine w hat changes, if any, are necessary l
in package orientation for the 30-foot free drop to achieve maximum damage.
Test Data Accepted by(Signature):
Date:
l Engineering:
l Regulatory Affairs:
Quality Assurance:
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 i
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Checklist 2: Four-foot Free Drop Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Prepare the specimen to bring its temperature At orabove Atorabove Atorabove At orabove to the specified level, 27*C 27'C 27' C 27'C Steps I and 2 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 3. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 4. Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
- 5. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
- 6. Measure the test specimen temperature and At or above Atorabove At or above Atorabove ensure that it is at the specified level.
27'C 27'C 27*C 27* C Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
i Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
1
- 7. Lift and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 4 on Figure 4 on Figure 4 on Figure 4 on the referenced figure for the specimen.
page 12 page 12 page 12 page 12
- 8. Inspect the orientation setup and verify drop height.
Steps 3 through 8 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 9. Release the test specimen.
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 l
Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 37 of 58 Checklist 2: Four-foot Free Drop ' Continued) l Test Location:
Attempt Number:
1 Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 10. Measure the test specimen temperature.
Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
i Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
II. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
- 12. Record damage to test specimen on a separate l
sheet and attach.
Steps 9 through 12 wit'.:ssed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs l
l Quality Assurance
- 13. Engineering, Regulatory AITairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
(
Determine what changes, if any, are necessary l
in package orientation for the 30-foot free drop to achieve maximum damage.
Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
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Engineering:
Regulatory Affairs:
Quality Assurance:
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 38 of 58 l
Equipment List 2: 30-foot Free Drop Enter the Model and Attach Inspection Report or l
Description Serial Number Calibration Certificate Drop Surface, Drawing AT10122, Rev. B Weight Scale Thermometer Thermocouple flexible probe Thermocouple surface probe Record any additional tools used to facilitate the test and attach the appropriate inspection report or calibration certificate.
Verified by:
Signature Date Engineering j
Regulatory Affairs j
Quality Assurance 1
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l Checklist 3: 30-foot Free Drop Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Al A2 Bl B2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Measure and record test specimen's weight.
Record the specimen's wei;;ht:
Note the instrument used:
l
- 3. Prepare the test specimen to bring its At or below At or below Atorabove At or above temperature to the specified level.
-40* C
-40* C 27'C 27* C Steps I through 3 witnessed by:
l Engineering Regulatory Affairs l
Quality Assurance
- 4. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
5 Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
1 l
- 6. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
f
- 7. Measure the test specimen temperature and At orbelow As or below At orabove At or above i
ensure that is at the specified level.
-40' C
-40* C 27* C 27'C
)
1 Record the projector foam temperature:
I Note the instrument uset
)
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
l
- 8. Lift and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 6, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 7, j
the referenced figure for the specimen.
Page 15 Page 15 Page 16 Page 16 f
- 9. Inspect the orientation setup and verify the drop height.
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l Checklist 3: 30-foot Free Drop (Continued) l Test Location:
Attempt Number:
)
Step Al A2 Bl B2 Steps 4 through 9 witnessed by:
Engineering i
i Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 10. Release the test specimen.
- 11. Measure the test specimen temperature.
Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 12. Measure and record the test specimen's weight.
Record the specimen's weight:
Note the instrument used:
- 13. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
- 14. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
Steps 10 through 14 witnessed by:
J Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance l
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Checklist 3: 30-foot Free Drop (Continued) j l
Test Location:
Attempt Number:
?
Step Al A2 B1 B2 l
- 15. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment
]
relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment j
on a separate sheet and attach.
Determine what changes, if any, are necessary in package orientation for the puncture test to 3
achieve maximum damage.
Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
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Regula*ory Affairs:
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Quality Assurance:
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 l
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 42 of 58 Checklist 4: 30-foot Free Drop Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Measure and record test specimen's weight.
Record the specimen's weight:
Note the instrument used:
- 3. Prepare the test specimen to bring its Atorabove At or above Atorabove Atorabove temperature to the specified level.
27* C 27*C 27*C 27* C Steps I through 3 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 4. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 5. Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
- 6. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
i j
- 7. Measure the test specimen temperature and Atorabove At or above Atorabove At or above i
ensure that it is at the specified level.
27* C 27*C 27* C 27* C l
Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
1 l
Note the instrument used:
1
- 8. Lift and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 8, Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 9, the referenced figure for the specimen.
Page 17 Page 17 Page 18 Page 18 i
- 9. Inspect the orientation setup and verify the
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drop height.
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l Checklist 4: 30-foot Free Drop (Continued) i Test Location:
Attempt Number:
{
I Step Cl C2 Di D2
)
Steps 4 through 9 witnessed by:
j Engineering Regulatory Affairs l
Quality Assurance
- 10. Release the test specimen.
- 11. Measure the test specimen temperature.
i l
Record the projector foam temperature:
i Note the instrument used; i
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 12. Measure and record the test specimen's l
- weight, i
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Record the specimen's weight:
j Note the instrument used:
- 13. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
l
- 14. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
l Steps 10 through 14 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs l
Quality Assurance i
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SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 44 of 58 l
l Checklist 4: 30-foot Free Drop (Continued)
Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 15. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality j
l Assurance make a preliminary assessment l
relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment l
on a separate sheet and attach.
Determine what changes, if any, are necessary l
in package orientation for the puncture test to achieve maximum damage.
l Test Data Accepted by(Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
Regulatory Affairs:
Quality Assurance:
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a SENTINEL Test Plan #76
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Equipment List 3: Puncture Test Enter the Model and Attach Inspection Report or Description Serial Number Calibration Certificate l
Drop Surface, Drawing AT10122, F
.B i
Puncture Billet, Drawing CT10119, Re Weight Scale Thermometer 1
Thermocouple flexible probe Thermocouple surface probe Record any additional tools used to facilitate the test and attach the appropriate inspection report or calibration certificate, i
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Verified by:
Signature Date Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance i
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l SENTINEL Test Plan #76
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l Checklist 5: Puncture Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
l
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Step Al A2 B1 B2 I
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- 1.. Record the serial number of the test spccimen.
- 2. Prepare the specimen to bring its temperature At or below At or below Atorabove At or above i
to the specified level.
-40* C
-40* C 27* C 27 C l
l Steps I and 2 witnessed by:
Engineering l
Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance i
- 3. Measure the weight of the specimen.
Record the specimen's weight:
Note instrument used:
- 4. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record ambient temocrature:
Note the instrument used:
- 5. Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
- 6. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
- 7. Measure the test specimen temperature and At or below At or below Atorabove At or above ensure that is it at the specified level.
-40* C
-40* C 27'C 27'C Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
N/A N/A Note the instrument used:
N/A N/A
- 8. Lift and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 10, Figure 10, Figure 12, Figure 12, the referenced figure for the specimen.
Page 21 Page 21 Page 23 Page 23
- 9. Inspect the orientation setup and verify drop height.
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i Checklist 5: Puncture Test l
Test Location:
Attempt Number:
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l Step Al A2 B1 B2 Steps 3 through 9 witnessed by:
Engineering j
1 Regulatory Affairs
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Quality Assurance
- 10. Release the test specimen.
- 11. Measure the test specimen temperature.
Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
N/A N/A Note the instrument used:
N/A N/A
- 12. Measure and record the test specimen's weight.
Record the specimen's weight:
Note the instrument used:
- 13. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
- 14. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
Steps 10 through 14 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance l
l
l l
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 l
Burlington, Massachusetts Page 48 of 58 l
l Checklist 5: Puncture Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
l Step Al A2 B1 B2 l
l
- 15. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality l
Assurance make a preliminary assessment l
relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
Determine the package orientation for the l
thermal test that will achieve maximum damage.
Detennine whether the projector should be i
removed from the container for the thermal i
test.
l Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
Regulatory Affairs:
l Quality Assurance:
l 1
I I
1 l
l 1
l SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 49 of 58 Checklist 6: Puncture Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Prepare the specimen to bring its temperature Atorabove Atorabove Atorabove At orabove to the specified level.
27* C 27* C 27'C 27* C Steps I and 2 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance 3
- 3. Measure the weight of the specimen.
L Record the specimen's weight:
Note instrument used:
- 4. Measure the ambient temperature.
I Record ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 5. Attach the test specimen to the release mechanism.
- 6. Begin video recording of test so that the impact is recorded.
- 7. Measure the test specimen temperature and Atorabove Atorabove Atorabove Atorabove ensure that it is at the specified level.
27'C 27* C 27'C 27*C Record the projector foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 8. Lift and orient the test specimen as shown in Figure 13, Figure 13, Figure 15, Figure 15, the referenced figure for the specimen.
Page 24 Page 24 Page 26 Page 26
- 9. Inspect the orientation setup and verify drop height.
l i
I
I l
l a
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation Burlington, Massachusetts April 15,1998 Page 50 of 58 Checklist 6: Puncture Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
i Step Cl C2 D1 D2 Steps 3 through 9 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory AITairs Quality Assurance
- 10. Release the test specimen.
- 11. Measure the tests specimen temperature.
Record the projector foam temperature:
j Note the instrument used:
Record the container foam temperature:
Note the instrument used:
- 12. Measure and record the test specimen's weight.
Record the specimen's weight:
Note the instrument used:
- 13. Pause the video recorder. Ensure that the point ofimpact and orientation specified in the plan have been achieved and recorded.
- 14. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
Steps 10 through 14 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance l
l
i 1
l l
l l
l SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 51 of 58 Checklist 6: Puncture Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 15. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
Determine the package orientation for the thermal test that will achieve maximum damage.
Determine whether the projector should be removed from the container for the thermal test Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
)
Regulatory Affairs:
Quality Assurance:
[
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 52 of 58 l
Equipment List 4: Thermal Test Enter the Model and Attach Inspection Report or Description Serial Number Calibration CertiGcate Air Flowmeter
{
Thermocouple I i
Thermocouple 2 Thermocouple 3 Temperature recorder i
Record any additional tools used to facilitate the test and attach the appropriate inspection report or calibration l
certiGcate.
l VeriGed by:
Signature Date Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance I
i f
l I
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 53 of 58
[
l Checklist 7: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Al A2 Bl B2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Preheat the oven to a temperature above 800* C.
- 3. Attach the thermocouples the specimen's measuring points.
I l
- 4. Place the package in the oven and close the oven j
door.
Record the date and time that the package is placed in oven.
- 5. When the test specimen temperature exceeds 800* C, start the air now into the oven. Record the time.
Steps I through 5 witnessed by:
l Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 6. Measure the oven temperature, the test specimen temperature and the air flow rate.
Record the oven temperature:
Note instrument used:
Record the test specimen temperature:
Note instrument used:
Record airflow rate:
Note instrument used:
- 7. Monitor the test specimen temperature and the oven temperature throughout the 30-minute period to ensure that they are above 800* C.
- 8. Monitor the airflow throughout the 30-minute period to ensure the maximum rate without lowering the temperature below 800 C.
- 9. At the end of the 30-minute period, repeat step 6 using the same measurement devices.
l
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 54 of 58 Checklist 7: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Al A2 Bl B2 Record the oven temperature:
Record the test specimen ternperature:
Record intake air flow velocity:
Steps 6 through 9 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 10. Remove test specimen from the oven.
Record time the specimen is removed.
Describe combustion when door is opened to remove specimen.
NOTE: If specimen continues to burn, let it self-extinguish and cool naturally.
- 11. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record the ambient temperature:
Note the instrument used:
1 l
- 12. Photograph the test specimen and any subsequent j
damage.
- 13. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
- 14. Radiograph the unit to determine the shield location.
15, Measure and record the source location using tool l
BT10142, Rev. A., or using the alternate method described on page 29.
Steps 10 through 15 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 65 of 58 Checklist 7: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Al A2 B1 B2
- 16. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment relative to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
l Regulatory Affairs:
i Quality Assurance:
i 1
I I
i l
l l
l l
t
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15.1998 Durlington, Massachusetts Page 56 of 58 Checklist 8: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2
- 1. Record the serial number of the test specimen.
- 2. Preheat the oven to a temperature above 800* C.
- 3. Attach the thermocouples the test specimen's measuring points.
- 4. Place the package in the ove n and close the oven door.
1 i
Record the date and time that ti'e package is placed in oven.
- 5. When the test specimen temperature exceeds 800* C, start the air flow into the oven. Record the time.
I Steps I through 5 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 6. Measure the oven temperature, the te specimen temperature and the air flow rate.
Record the oven temperature:
Note instrument used:
Record the test specimen temperature:
Note instrument used:
Record airflow rate:
Note instrument used:
- 7. Monitor the test specimen temperature and the oven temperature throughout the 30-minute period to ensure that they are above 800* C.
- 8. Monitor the airflow throughout the 30-minute period to ensure the maximum rate without lowering the temperature below 800* C.
- 9. At the end of the 30-minute period, repeat step 6 using the same measurement devices.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Page 57 of 58 Checklist 8: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2 1
Record the oven temperature:
1 Record the test specimen temperature:
i Record intake air flow velocity:
l Steps 6 through 9 witnessed by-Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
- 10. Remove test specimen from the oven.
Record time the specimen is removed.
Describe combustion when door is opened to
{
remove specimen.
j l
NOTE: If specimen continues to burn, let it self-extinguish and cool naturally.
]
- 11. Measure the ambient temperature.
Record the ambient temperature:
)
)
Note the instrument used:
- 12. Photograph the test specimen and any subsequent damage
- 13. Record damage to test specimen on a separate sheet and attach.
- 14. Radiograph the unit to determine the shield location.
- 15. Measure and record the source location using tool BT10142, Rev. A., or using the alternate method 1
descritvd on page 29.
Steps 10 through 15 witnessed by:
Engineering Regulatory Affairs Quality Assurance
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 j
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Page 58 of 58 Checklist 8: Thermal Test Test Location:
Attempt Number:
Step Cl C2 D1 D2 j
l
- 16. Engineering, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance make a preliminary assessment relative j
to 10 CFR 71. Record the assessment on a separate sheet and attach.
j Test Data Accepted by (Signature):
Date:
Engineering:
Regulatory Affairs:
j Quality Assurance:
l l
I
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Appendix A Appendix A: Drawings Test Specimen TP76-X, Rev. B (1 sheet)
Model 660 Gamma Ray Projector Shipping Container Descriptive Assembly C66025, Rev. F (3 sheets)
Model 660 Gamma Ray Projector Shipping Container Descriptive Assembly C66025, Rev. B (4 sheets)
Model 660 Gamma Ray Projector Shipping Container Descriptive Assembly C66030, Rev. D (3 sheets)
Model 660 Gamma Ray Projector Shipping Container Descriptive Assembly C66030, Rev. A (3 sheets)
Model 660 Gamma Ray Projector Shipping Container Descriptive Assembly C66030, Rev. -(4 sheets) i I
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1 SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Appendix B Appendix B: Thermal Test Airflow Calculations Conditions for Projector-Only Tests When the test specimen in the thermal test is a projector removed from its container, air will be forced into the oven at a minimum rate of 9.6 cubic feet per minute to ensure sufficient oxygen to fully combust the package materials that are capable of burning. This rate is based on the following analysis:
1.
The only combustible material in the TP76-X projector is the polyurethane foam.
2.
The chemical composition of polyurethane is [C26I133NOi3]n.
3.
The products of combustion are carbon dioxide (CO ) and water (11 0) and the 2
2 molecular weights of the component materials are:
C = 12 II = 1 O = 16 N = 14
]
4.
The maximum mass of the polyurethane in a TP76-X projector is 988 grams. The maximum amounts of carbon and hydrogen present in the polyurethane are computed as follows:
Polyurethane C26 II33 N
0:3 Molecular (26x l2) +
(33x1)+
(lxl4)+
(13x16)
Weight 567=
312 +
33 +
14 +
208 Percent by 55.0 %
5.8%
2.5%
36.7 %
Mass 988 g =
$43g +
57g +
25g +
363g 5.
The amount of oxygen required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide is computed as follows:
Carbon Dioxide C
02 Molecular Weight (1x 12) +
(2xI6) 44 =
12 +
32
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington. Massachusetts Appendix B l
For a given mass of carbon,32/12 = 2.67 times that mass of oxygen is required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide. For a TP76-X projector containing 543 grams of carbon, full combustion would require 1450 grams of oxygen.
6.
The amount of oxygen required to fully convert the hydrogen to water is computed as follows:
Water 112 O
Molecular Weight (2x1) +
16 18 =
2+
16 For a given mass of hydrogen,16/2 = 8 times that mass of oxygen is required to j
fully convert the hydrogen to water. For a TP76-X projector with 57 grams of hydrogen, full combustion would require 456 grams of oxygen.
7.
The sum of these oxygen requirements (1450 g + 456 g) less the oxygen supplied by the polyurethane (-363 g) equals 1543 grams of oxygen to assure sufficient oxygen to burn the polyurethane foam. At standard conditions, the composition of 3
air is 23.2% oxygen by mass. Therefore,6650 grams of air are required.
)
8.
The volume ofair is computed at a density of 1.225 grams / liter to be 192 cubic feet:
3 3
6650g/1.225g/l = 5430 i = 5.43m =192 ft 9.
A 50% safety factor is added and the volume is distributed over the 30-minute test period to detennine a minimum air flow rate of 9.6 cubic feet per minute:
3 3
(19211 )(1.5) / 30 min. = 9.6 it / min.
The air will be introduced as compressed air passing through a flowmeter and into the oven via metal tubing. A sufficient length of tubing will be inside the oven to ensure sufficient preheating.
3 Avallone, Eugene A., and Theodore Baumeister 111. Editors, Afarks'Standardliandbookfor Afechanical Engineers, Ninth Edition (New York: McGraw lilli Book Company,1987), page 4-27:
j Air Required for Combustion.The composition of air is approximately 0.232 O and 2
0.768 N on a pound basis, or 0.210 and 0.79 N by volume. For exact analysis, it 2
2 2
may be necessary sometimes to take into account the water vapor mixed with the air, but ordinarily this may be neglected.
The minimum amount of air required for combustion of I lb. of a fuel is the quantity of oxygen required, as found from the combustion equation, divided by 0.232.
3 Likewise, the minimum volume of air required for the combustion of I ft ofa fuel gas is the volume of oxygen divided by 0.21.
SENTINEL Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Appendix B Conditions for Tests with Projector and Container When the test specimen in the thermal test consists of a projector inside the container, there are two additional combustible components, the polyethylene foam and the wood used in the 3
3 container inserts, which require airflow rates of 29.9 ft / min. and 6 ft / min, respectively. Thus, 3
the total airflow to burn all the materials in the test specimen is 45.5 ft / min.
3 3
3 Required airflow = 9.6 R / min. + 29.9 ft / min. + 6.0 n3/ min = 45.5 ft / min.
The following calculations show the airflow required to fully combust these materials.
t Polyethylene Foam Combustion Calculation This analysis estimates the airflow required to fully combust the polyethylene foam in the TP76-X container.
j l.
The chemical composition of polyethylene is [C 1I }n-2 4 2.
The pcoducts of combustion are carbon dioxide (CO ) and water (11 0) and the 2
2 molecular weights of the component materials are:
C = 12 11 = 1 3.
The maximum mass of the polyethylene is 1,406 grams. The maximum amounts of carbon and hydrogen present in the polyethylene are computed as follows:
Polyethylene C2 II 4 Molecular (2x 12) +
(4xI)
Weight 28 =
24 +
4 Percent by 86 %
14 %
Mass 1406g =
1209g +
197g 4.
The amount of oxygen required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide is computed as follows:
Carbon Dioxide C
O2 Molecular Weight (lx12) +
(2x16) 44 =
12 +
32 For a given mass of carbon,32/12 = 2.67 times that mass of oxygen is required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide. For 1,209 grams of carbon in the polyethylene, full combustion would require 3,228 grams of oxygen.
i L
j 4
SENTINEL.
Test Plan #76 Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 Burlington, Massachusetts Appendix B 5.
The amount ofoxygen required to fully convert the hydrogen to water is computed as follows:
Water 11 O
2 Molecular Weight (2x I) +
16 18 =
2+
16 l'
For a given mass of hydrogen,16/2 = 8 times that mass of oxygen is required to fully convert the hydrogen to water. For the Polyethylene 197 grams of hydrogen, full combustion would require 1,576 grams of oxygen.
6.
The sum of these oxygen requirements (3228g + 1576g) less the oxygen supplied by the polyethylene (0 g) equals 4,804 grams ofoxygen to assure suflicient oxygen to burn the polyethylene foam. At standard conditions, the composition of air is 23.2% oxygen by mass. Therefore,20,707 grams of air are required.
7.
The volume of air is computed at a density of 1.225 grams / liter to be 597 cubic feet:
3 3
20,707g/1.225g/l = 16,903 l = 16.9m = 597 fl l
8.
A 50% safety factor is added and the volume is distributed over the 30-minute test l
period to determine a minimum air flow rate of 29.9 cubic feet per minute:
3 3
(597 ft )(1.5)/ 30 min. = 29.9 ft / min.
l Wood Combustion Calculation The following analysis estimates the airflow required to fully combust the wood component in the TP76-X container.
i 1.
The chemical composition of wood (cellulose) is (C 11 oO ]n.
6 3
2.
The products of combustion are carbon dioxide (CO ) and water (11 0) and the 2
2 molecular weights of the component materials are:
C = 12 1l = 1 O = 16 3.
The maximum mass of the wood is 816 grams. The maximum amounts of carbon and hydrogen present in the wood are computed as follows:
Wood C
Il o 03 6
l Molecular (6x 12) +
(10x1)+
($x16)
Weight 162 =
72 +
10+
80 Percent by 44 %
6%+
50 %
Mass 816 g =
362g +
Sig+
403g
I
,s SENTINEL Test Plan #76 l
Amersham Corporation April 15,1998 i
Burlington, Massachusetts Appendix B l
4.
The amount of oxygen required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide is i
computed as follows:
l Carbon Dioxide C
O2 Molecular Weight (1x 12) +
(2x16) l 44 =
12 +
32 For a given mass of carbon,32/12 = 2.67 times that mass of oxygen is required to fully combust the carbon to carbon dioxide. For the 362 grams of carbon in the wood, full combustion would require 967 grams of oxygen.
5.
The amount of oxygen required to fully convert the hydrogen to water is computed as follows:
Water 112 O
Molecular Weight (2xI) +
16 18 =
2+
16 i
For a given mass of hydrogen,16/2 = 8 times that mass of oxygen is required to fully convert the hydrogen to water. For the 51 grams of hydrogen in the wood, full i
combustion would require 408 grams of oxygen.
j 6.
The sum of these oxygen requirements (967g + 408g) less the oxygen supplied by the wood (-403g) equals 972 grams of oxygen to assure sufficient oxygen to burn j
the wood. At standard conditions, the composition of air is 23.2% oxygen by mass.
Therefore,4,190 grams of air are required.
l 7.
The volume of air is computed at a density of 1.225 grams / liter to be 120 cubic feet:
j 3
3 4190g/l.225g/l = 34201 = 3.42m = 120 ft 1
l 8.
A 50% safety factor is added and the volume is distributed over the 30-minute test period to detennine a minimum air flow rate of 6 cubic feet per minute:
3 3
(120ft )(1.5)/ 30 min. = 6 ft / min.
l NOTE:
The total airflow rate of.115 cubicfeetper minute is not achievable wing available test equipment without cooling the oven below the 800 *C minimum. Even ifit were possible, only a small amount of the oxygen provided by such an airflow would be available to the combmtible materials inside a closed test specimen container.
However, to promote combustion, the airflow rate will be maximi:ed within the constraint ofmaintaining the test specimen temperature above 800 Cfor the duration ofthe test.