ML20198H249

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Forwards Briefing Matls from DOE-NRC 831213 Meeting Re Hydrogeologic Investigations of Umtrap Sites
ML20198H249
Person / Time
Issue date: 12/31/1985
From: Weber M
NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
To:
NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
References
REF-WM-39 NUDOCS 8601300219
Download: ML20198H249 (59)
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Text

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',//h(['4[. ' [y&h FROM: Micha,gl F. Weber, WMGT Division of Waste Management

SUBJECT:

UMTRAP BRIEFING MATERIALS FROM NRC-D0E MEETING ABOUT HYDR 0GE0 LOGIC INVESTIGATIONS AT UMTRA SITES, DECEMBER 13, 1983 i Attached please find copies (annotated by myself) of briefing materials from a DOE-NRC meeting about hydrogeologic investigations of UMTRAP sites at Durango, Colorado; Riverton, Wyoming; Shiprock, New Mexico; and Gunnison, Colorado. The meeting was held by DOE and its contractor, in their offices at the First National Bank Building in Albuquerque, New raxico on December 13, 1983. The following day, DOE contractors es orted Thomas Griffin and myself on a tour of the Shiprock UMTRAP site. On December 15th, Mr. Griffin and I visited the Durango UMTRAP site.:ith our escort, John Price of DOE's Technical Assistance Contractor. A comprehensive trip report is available in the files for this trip.

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SCALE e s + ~*: X i:. x. y, o NAVAJO COAL MINE ALTERNATE DISPOSAL SITE FOR THE SHIPROCK SITE

f TENTATIVE SHIPROCK SCHEDULE OF NAVAJO NATION EVENTS / REQUIRED RESPONSE DATE EVENT 8 Nov Informal conceptual presentation to Navajo EPA, Window Rock 21 Nov Design concept presentation to Navajo task force ~ 13 Dec Meeting with Chapter Council delegates at Farmington Holiday Inn Navajo Nation begin DEA and RAP review 5-Jan Information meeting with Navajo Nation technical staff, Window Rock 17 Jan Task force meeting, Shiprock 17 Jan Public presentation / meeting, Shiprock Navajo Nation DEA review comments required 15 Feb Navajo Nation RAP review comments required 1 Mar EA published and Draft F0NSI or EIS finding issued 15 Mar Task force meeting, Shiprock 15 Mar Public comment taking at Shiprock 22 Mar Deadline for written comments on draft F0NSI or EIS finding 20 Apr F0NSI/EIS determination

dAmF#e r 12/13/83 NRC BRIEFING - SHIPROCK HYDROLOGY I. HISTORY OF FIELD INVcSTIGATIONS - HYDROLOGY A. CSU/HQCC (Part of Assay Program) 1. Borings did not penetrate gravel and cobble layers beneath tailings. 2. Did not encounter water. 3. Drilled about 13 borings, primarily in upper pile. draulic conductivity 2 x 10 gmple for lag perm tests. Did retrieve some tailings s Saturated hy-4. to 5 x 10- cm/sec. m;D o.go dp*7 4;,d -o 5. Observed mineral precipitation bands beneath interf ace in selected egib test pits dug by Dames & Moore. B. Dames & Moore 1. Drilled 13 borings predominantly on piles or near piles. 2. Installed potentiometers, some with multiple completion. 3. Did slug and packer tests in alluvium and Mancos Shale. -y .i 4. Attempted to characterize site ground-water regime and water chem- ,'[. y' [3 istry by taking water levels and samples. 3

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5. Identified major systems of saturation: 7 0~lt W a. Discontinuous perched zone in alluvium. b. Continuous perched zone in upper Mancos. c. Confined aquifers in and beneath Mancos. C. Technical Assistance Contractor (TAC) .c gll[ph)[I 1. Drilled 10 borings with potentiometers. Most wells upgradient and cr css gradient. Completed in lower alluvium and upper weathered ce" c sh ale. f4 8 2. Measured water levels in TAC and Dames & Moore wells to produce water contour maps. 3. Confirmed saturated zone in upper weathered bedrock did extend well beyond pile limits and is very likely recharged from the west and southwest.

4. Took water samples from several wells to establish upgradient and cross gradient quality. 5. Looked for evidence of seepage along f ace of escarpment. Collected small water sample for testing. 6. Performed slug test pits in selected wells in weathered bedrock. 7. Dug 10 tests for materials investigation. Data used to solidify un-derstanding of stratigraphy. 8. Confirmed presence of continuous saturated zone in weathered bed-rock and discontinuous in lower portions of alluvium. II.

SUMMARY

OF CONDITIONS A. Aerial Geologic 1. Near surf ace materials consist of eolian and alluvial soils over-lying the weathered Mancos Shale. 2. Alluvium /eoli an soils 20 to 50 feet thick; range in consistency from low plasticity sandy silt to clean sand and gravel with numer-ous cobbles. 3. Bedrock at site is interbedded shales and fine-grained sandstones of the Mancos Shale Formation. Mancos extends to about 1400 to 2100 feet below surf ace in site area. 4. Upper portions of shale are very weathered and fractured. Old ero-sional surf ace. Weathered zone extends 3 to 30 feet below bedrock surf ace. This zone saturated, average saturated thickness about 12 feet. Mancos Shale forms part of San Juan River escarpment near pile boundary. B. Areal Geohydrology 1. Unconfined ground water occurs in alluvium and upper shale as perched system. Some evidence of discontinuous perched water in lower alluvium. Continuous perched system in upper bedrock. 2. Perched system underlain by several hundred feet of unsaturated, low permeability Mancos Shale. 3. First confined aquif er 200 to 400 feet below surface is Gallup Sandstone in Mancos Shale Formation. Water non-potable.

.. 4. First potable aquifer, confined, artesian is Dakota Sandstone at 1400 to 2100 below surf ace. 5. Flow volumes are low and velocities are slow in shallow system. The specific discharge for saturated zone of unconfined aquifer is estimated to be about 6 inches / year or about 0.13 gallons / day /lf of satur ated zone. Flow velocities are estimated to be 10 to 15 feet / year using a conservative value of effective porosity of 0.04. 6. Flow direction of perched system is toward the river escarpment. Intermittent evider.e of seepage at the cliff f ace has been ob-served, but evaporates before flow can develop. Evaporation is es-timated to be 6 times flow volume. q 7.bInfiltration from precipitation is very low. Estimated to be less then 0.04 inches / year. 8. Satur ated hydraulic conductivity of shale average is + 7 x 10-5 cm/sec. Average flow gradient is.007. 9. Upper shale water-bearing zone not usable for water supply due to very low yields and very thin saturated thickness. C. Areal Water Chemistry 1. Ground water in perched system characterized by high TDS and sul-f ates. Upgradient values 19,000 to 30,000 ppm TDS, and 7,600 to 25,000 ppm sulf ate. Values near and beneath pile are 12,000 to 35,000 TDS, and 4,000 to 25,000 sulf ate. 2. Uranium values highly variable. Upgradient values range from 20 to 225 pCi/1. Near and beneath pile 120 to 2000 pCi/1. 3. No obvious correlation of levels of sulf ates, uranium, or chlorides with regard to position of pile and ground water contours. 4. Seeps along escarpment noted during operations (1960) showed flows of up to 20 gpm and uranium levels of 3200 pCi/1. Seep water qual-ity found in 1983 showed about 50 pCi/l of uranium and very low fl ows. III. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS A. Water Flow 1. Perched system flow volumes are very low and evaporate at escarp-ment and do not act as recharge to San Juan River.

.. 2. Flows are too low for use as water supply in perched system. 3. Evaporation much greater than flow at escarpment. 4. No beneficial use of perched system water. 5. Perched system is not in communication with deeper, potable arte h sian system. ,W' 6. Due to very low infiltration rates, flow through pile is not,j and 7 will not occur. B. Water Chemistry 1. Water of perched system characterized by high TDS and sulf ates. 2. Due to high TDS and data scatter, background value of uranium not determined but probably about or less than 20 pCi/1. 3. There is evidence of uranium contamination 1400 feet southwest of pi le. But values are questionable due to disequilibrium of uranium species, high TDS, and lack of correlation between uranium, sul-f ate, and chlorides. This contamination, if present, is probably from reversal of gradient during deposition of tailing slurry. / 4. Present gradient will continue to flow toward and beneath pile and escarpment. Flow in upgradient areas will continue to remove con-tamination, if present as cited in No. 3. 7[ 5. Wells to south probably reflect background conditions but were also probably influenced by gradient reversal during operation. ,s 6. Water quality in the perched system could not be used without exten-sive treatment even if radionuclides were not present. 7. Perched system water is isolated from first potable source.

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EXPLANATION INTERVAL UNCERLYING TAILINGS SITE 3 h 3000 - an CLIFF HOUSE POCRLY EIPCSE3 SANDSTONE M ( FRUITLAND "rdk $0do b._ SMOSTCNE. MCILWGRAI FORMATION ,.e E TO CCARSE-GRAINED b 8 5000 PICTURED Riig; 3 !. +} SAN 0$m E.FDE 6 30 T ON ~ S DSTONE - T E 'M-y SMOSTONE. CR055-8ECCED OR IRREGULARLY BCCED s-,, PT. LOOKOUT 859R SANDSTONE

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REFERENCE:

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t m. Table F-24. List of parameters which exceed State or Federal drinking water standards in ground-water samples collected from the unconsolidated alluvial and colluvial aquifer, Bodo Canyon Area E Federal State Date Well numbera Parameter standard standard sampled SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 Total arsenic 0.05b 0.05 08/07/83 0.11 0.11 0.06 Total tron 0.3 0.3 11/05/82 69 56 100 03/13/83 28 13.0 4.76 06/01/83 79 450 250 08/07/83 160 170 130 ~ Total lead 0.05 0.05 11/05/82 0.06 0.05 0.06 06/01/83 0.1 0.8 0.5 08/07/83 0.87 0.65 0.44 Total manganese 0.05 0.05 11/05/82 1.25 0.95 1.33 03/13/83 0.40 1.05 0.20 06/01/83 0.84 4.5 2.70 Total chromium 0.05 0.05 11/05/82 0.08 0.06 0.10 (hezavalent) Total chromina 0.05 0.05 06/01/83 0.04 0.19 0.12 (trivalent) 08/07/83 0.20 0.16 0.08 Total chromium 0.05 0.05 06/01/83 -0.08 0.24 0.16 08/07/83 <0.21 0.17 <0.09 Total barina 1.0 1.0 11/05/82 1.0 0.8 0.9 06/01/83 1.3 5.6 1.9 08/07/83 4.2 3.8 1.0 Total cadmium 0.01 0.01 06/01/83 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 08/07/83 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 Total dissolved 500 500 11/05/82 856 1776 994 ~ solida 03/13/83 784 1646 1028 06/01/83 620 1894 1016 03/07/83 648 1891 983 '~ Total sulfate 250 c 11/05/82 398 971 413 03/13/83 341 889 435 ~~ 06/01/83 243 968 416 08/07/83 295 1013 439-250 11/05/82 352 939 405 ~ Sulfsee 03/13/83 337 872 436 06/01/83 244 926 431 08/07/83 278 1008 416 Radium 226-228 5.0d 11/05/82 8.7 + 4.0d 8.0 + 4.0d 7.2 + 4.0d combined (total) 06/01/83 12.9 7 3.0d 37,9 7 4,od 22.9 7 2.6d 08/07/83 21.0 7 3.0d 11,3 7 2.8d 14.1 7 2.7d Radium 226-228 5.0d 08/07/83 2031.8d 10.2+[1.6d 13.932.3d combined Gross alpha 15.0d 11/05/62 29.1 + 23.16 15.9 + 19.9d 7.8 + 17.9d (total) 03/13/83 0.0 7 4.0d 19.7 7 11.9d 0.0 7 5.6d 06/01/83 76.5 7 27.7d 578 7 164d 389 7 107d 08/07/83 180 7 23d 210 7 68d 56 7 12d Gross beta 50.0d 06/01/83 69.9 7 9.4d 440 7 gggd 295 7 81.5d 1 (total) 08/07/83 388322d 551363d 188312d aFor well locations see Figure F-4. All values reported on a dissolved basis in milligrams per liter, unless otherwise noted. "--Value not determined. Reported values in picocuries per liter. 'F-93

/ .e, Table F-25. List of parameters which exceed State or Federal drinking water standards in ground-water samples collected from the Menefee Formation and Cliff House Sandstone aquifer (undifferentiated), Bodo Canyon Area E Federal State Date Well numbera Farameter standard standard sampled 3-1 3-3 3-6 DW-1 Total fron 0.3b 0.3 11/05/82 NSc NS NS 1.01 03/13/83 NS MS NS 0.31 03/23427/83 590 43 65 NS 06/01/83 NS 37 15 66 08/07/83 NS NS 47 35 Total lead 0.05 0.05 03/13/83 NS NS NS 0.07 03/23&27/83 1.15 0.51 0.25 NS 06/01/83 NS 0.4 0.02 0.3 08/07/83 NS NS 0.36 0.31 Total manganese 0.05 0.05 11/05/82 NS NS NS 0.65 03/13/83 NS NS NS 0.36 03/23&27/83 3.94 0.27 0.77 NS 06/01/83 NS 0.23 0.44 1.03 Total chromium 0.05 0.05 03/23427/83 0.29 0.05 0.06 NS (hexavalent) Total chromium 0.05 0.05 08/07/83 NS NS 0.06 0.03 (trivalent) Total chromium 0.05 0.05 08/07/83 NS NS (0.07 (0.04 Total barium 1.0 1.0 03/23427/83 11.9 0.6 1.5 NS 06/01/83 NS 1.4 1.5 1.2 03/07/83 NS NS 3.0 0.7 Total dissolved 500 500 11/05/82 NS NS NS 1168 solids 03/13/83 NS NS NS 1018 03/23&27/83 896 676 1540 NS 06/01/83 NS 1020 1708 1110 08/07/83 NS NS 2255 1022 Total sulfsee 250 d 11/05/82 NS NS NS 254 03/13/83 NS NS NS 321 03/23&27/83 320 82 751 NS 06/01/83 NS 76 877 429 08/07/83 NS NS 1284 366 Sulfate 250 11/05/82 NS NS NS 249 03/13/83 NS NS NS 318 03/23427/83 264 82 721 NS 06/01/83 NS 82 911 420 08/07/83 NS NS 1275 342 Ammonia 0.5 11/05/82 NS NS NS 0.56 l Oo/01/83 NS 0.71 0.63 0.81 1 08/07/83 NS NS 1.33 1.08 11/05/82 NS NS NS 6.3 1 4.18 I Radium 226-228 5.08 combined (total) 03/23427/83 59.8 + 6.8e 10.9 + 5.0* 16.2 + 5.98 NS 06/01/83 IS 7.6E2.4e 0.6 7 2.28 9.0 1 2.38 03/23627/83 2.0 1 2.38 5.1 2.6* 4.2E2.8* NS ] Radium 226-228 5.0* combined Cross alpha 15.08 03/23627/83 336.5 + 184.28 43.5 + 24.6 7.0 + 29.18 NS (total) 06/01/83 NS 41.8 1 22.78 5.1 7 3.7e 14.3 + 23.0* 08/07/83 NS NS 17517e 14 1 108 ) Gross beta 50.0* 03/23427/83 514.5 + 419.98 0.0 + 63.18 121.6 + 85.68 NS (total) 06/01/83 IS 40.4 7 24.48 8.7 7 12.98 108 + 32.7* 08/07/83 NS IS 285178 1113178

  • For well locations see Figure E-7 and F-4.

All values reported on a dissolved basis in milligrams per liter, unless otherwise noted. CNS-not sampled. d--Value not determined. " Reported values in picoeuries per liter. F-94 1

2L Dep 6-4 np /ss L i i i Durango Preliminary Hyd(ogeochemical Characterization i OBJECTIVES o Evaluate the geologic and hydrologic framework at Durango. e Analyze chemical constituents present in the groundwater and surface-i j water systems. 1 j e Identify potential contaminants. e Determine the rate and direction of contaminant migration. e Evaluate the extent of the contaminant plume. e Simulate numerically the chemical evolution and migration of I contaminants in the groundwater systems. 1 l L

.i i ) Durango Preliminary Hydrogeochemical Characterization CONCLUSIONS l 1 l e Active groundwater systems capable of transporting contaminant off-l site exist beneath the tailings and raffinate ponds areas. i e The Animas River periodically recharges the alluvial aquifers. i e A fault located in the raffinate ponds area acts as a corridor for the 1 i transport of groundwater. e Chemical analyses of the groundwater show elevated levels of U, V, Mo, Se, and SO42 with respect to State of Colorado standards. e Uranyl dicarbonate is the dominant uranium species and is soluble and available for transport by the groundwater. e The uranium minerals, tyuyamunite and carnotite, primarily control uranium solubility which is saturated in near-site groundwater samples. e Mixing simulations of groundwaters and surface waters using PHREEQE j predict the precipitation of uranium. Groundwater samples taken after i mixing support the modeling evidence. i i

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GROSS GAMMA S. P. RESISTANCE NEUTRON GRAPHIC DESCRIPTION (CPS) (M.V.) (OHMS) (K CPS) LOG foWo& n .I._._.._. of, Alluvium t ) _.u.._..'.____[\\ ) l Massive medium grained q 5mam oravei 1 sandstone with shale linterbeds t ! ~N 4 .J--, r i l (- Massive sandstone [ -.. i _. . _ _. 5 - }._ _ _: __-. i - .s. i t I . + - l ^- - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Coaly shale and coal Dirty sandstone with shale i partings i , _.. - h, _. bedded sandstone Medium grained cross. s _. 4 0 0 uassi.e medium grained

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Well No. DR-82-Ol Total Hole Depth: 182 Feet 5 Hole Diameter: 5 4 Inches to 82 Feet 37g Inches 82 fol82 Feet / Total Completed Well Depth: 82 Feet ,p Locking Steel Cap y ,I ].. y pwi w <w/wvg ...a .. N ( =., ($ .l*ll 6-ench Steel Jfi

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u SOLUTE TRANSPORT SIMULATION OF URANIUM MOVING OUTWARD FROM THE LARGE TAILINGS PILE +N 9 zw... + + ++ ~) ./ .. n + + 1 i

RIVERTON-HYDROGEOLOGY RESEARCHERS e FBDU ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA) glu V $ l,vif'k Jo b"' $' YE e CECR QiG GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION arm ff e CSU/HGCC CHEMICAL TRANSPORT SOIL MECHANICS e LBL FIELD PROGRAMS - SOIL MOISTURE AND GROUND-WATER SAMPLlM6. IN-SITU SOIL HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES. ANALYSES - MODELING OF GEOCHEMISTRY, MIXING (PHREEQE) AND HYDRODYNAMIC / SOLUTE TRANSPORT HISTORY MATCHING (TRUST, DYNAMIX, TRUMP). e TAC DRILLING, HYDRAULIC TESTING AND GROUND-WATER SAMPLING PROGRAM BY NORTHWEST CORNER OF PILE. WELL COMPLETlONS IN FOUR DISTINCT UNITS. THREE CORES TO APPROXIMATELY 100 FEET, TWO PUMP TESTS.

RIVERTON-HYDROGEOLOGY - GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF HYDROLOGY e TWO DISTINCT HYDROGEOLOGIC SYSTEMS d

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'y PERCHED WATERTABLE-CONFINED SANDSTONE LAYERS '/o + 4.t, wM~.' 53 4g 44 ) PRELIMIN ARY INDICATIONS ARE NO COMMUNICATION BETWEEN T'.wO SYSTEMSrL . A %h, p..J-e RECHARGE PRECIPITATION TO PERCHED WATERTABLE SYSTEM - LOCAL SNOWMELT,/'fO CONFINED AND EFFLUENT DISCHARGE FROM INDUSTRIAL SOURCE 1 SYSTEM - PRECIPITATION, SNOWMELT AND PERCOLATION AT OUTCROPS. e DISCHARGE FROM PERCHED WATERTABLE SYSTEM - TO LITTLE WIND RIVE FROM CONFINED SYSTEM - TO WELLf, AND 7 Led e FLOW DIRECTION PERCHED WATERTABLE - SOUTH, SOUTHEAST TO LITTLE WIND RIVER. CONFINED SYSTEM - POSSIBLY TOWARDS RIVERTON WELL FIELD (NORTH-EAST) OR TO THE EAST. l e USE l'p '*jd PERCHED WATERTABLE SYSTEM - NO KNOWN WELLS DOW M SITE. 9jf h CONFINED SYSTEM - MAJOR SUPPLY FOR DOMESTIC, MUNICIPAL AND l INDUSTRIAL USE. p.p'fcf7 JA g ,fu ttdefian SOl1 "' W l l l

RIVERTON-HYDROGEOLOGY - LBL STUDIES e MAP OF PERCHED WATERTABLE. e SOIL MOISTURE / SOIL SUCTION / HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS. e DEFINITION OF CONTAMINANT PLUMES. e MIXING CALCULATIONS. e TRITIUM AN ALYSES. e DYNAMIX DEVELOPMENT. USE OF TRUST FOR PRECIPITATION /EVAPOTRANSPIRATION SlfibLATIC;.f,. e e HISTORY MATCHING.

.s RIVERTON-HYDROGEOLOGY - TAC STUDIES e CORES e CONFINED SYSTEM PUMP TEST. e PERCHED WATERTABLE SYSTEM PUMP TEST. e GROUND-WATER SAMPLING PROGRAM. e SLUG TESTS. 1 e MANAGING LBL'S WORK. e REPORT PRODUCTION. i ~ _ s

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m p Mill site N '/O e eO.ie j70 l Plant O [ Acid i.4 W-2 g 3 11 D'W-3 0 r 5 g g.50 g l O o 0.32 DW-1 9 18 O s O e0.18 e 'l.l 1 gh O'/ 0.016e O 0.40 0 I 0.0508 ( 0'35 l.6 0.96 '^ I SW -4

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4 9 H' 0 0.64 O 0.016 p DW-6 DW-7 - $;f., ^ ^ Yb. 1 g,gg ^ er ' -l 0.056 ( .O 2.4 b,OO6 .34 1.0 p g 3.0 j 0.060 t Jyj., , n.. en_ e.005 e e 0 g,gg4 0'072 St. Stepheris:.s^ ^.. r O( O[O ^^^*7Q-M^gge Wind River /O ^ O _.;2 p /7 X8L 834-1764 + fig. 4. Riverton Shallow Aquifer Uranium Concentrations (ppm)

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~. 9 i i i i i i 8 f'e) Uncontaminated groundwater (P-15) po2 7 e - Calcite ~ (d-7 k HO ~ (AP+P " 4$4 e-2 No Calcite N X////M//////////////////////s s is',',' '/ ~ 6 Calcite (Mi),c,") Tailings water (RBL-4) 5 No Calcite { (No AP'; Fc ) 4 3 2 O Tailings water-Unsaturated zone (RBL-4) i O O O.5 1.0 L5 2D 2.5 3.0 35 Tailings water (%) XSL45577 0 7apNL ( g dgy dy Phu y -

10 i i i i i i ~ g 8 I Uncontaminated groundwater l P -15 ~ ~ ~' m! 7 __ Calcite i >0.2% Toilings water 3-ct y 6 I No calcite i 1 1 5 l Gypsum saturation ii 1 4 l l 1 3 l l l !l l 1 -5.6 -5.4 -5.2 - 5.0 -4.8 -4.6 -4.4 -4.4 Log iAPCaSO 2H O 4 2 "'~* ,4-fchd

(moles /m9 0 550 1100 1650 2.200 oM i i i i l l E M M 4 -10 y .g ' M -2 o Edb P y ,g.M G* M g -30 - Fie\\d W DVnamit. I l l i i i _4..o i 0 Mo 1100 1650 2200 (mmo\\e.s/l)

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6 e e p /2/4 82//3 CUNNISON PHYSICAL SETTING CLIMATE o SEMI-ARID o 11" PRECIPITATION / YEAR, MOSTLY SNOW TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY ALLUVIAL VALLEY NEAR THE CONFLUENCE OF THE GUNNISON o RIVER AND TOMICHI CREEK. o ELEVATION 7,700', SURROUNDING PEAKS 12,000'. o BEDROCK: PRE-CAMBRIAN IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCK, OVERLAIN BY MESOZOIC SEDIMENTARY ROCK, WHICH IS IN TURN OVERLAIN BY TERTIARY VOLCANICS. o ALLUVIUM: COBBLES TO CLAY SIZED PARTICLES DERIVED FROM SURROUNDING MOUNTAINS. DEPTH UNKNOWN, AT LEAST 100 FT. THIS ALLUVIUM IS THE PRINCIPLE AQUlFER IN THE AREA. i

s. } o fx &y i,* ) / ) 9p y (,9' p)#,u', G u anzson ( / 49 ax esa / Pf j{ / / / / / v / I ( ? ll ,I ?,, I Yongcy3 douxper I I Guaer. son l I u l I dW'

GUNNISON PREVIOUS STUDIES ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS INC. ESTIMATED FLOODING POTENTIAL OF GUNNISON RIVER o AND TOMICHI CREEK. 1 LINCOLN DEVORE CONDUCTED AQUlFER TEST ABOUT TWO MILES NORTH OF SITE. o 2 TRANSMISSIVITYO 8,400 FT / DAY, STORAGE COEFFICIENT C -3 2.5 X 10 k#(6"f GEOCHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INC. (GECR) [l SAMPLED SURFACE AND GROUND WATERS ON AND AROUND SITE. o PERFORMED WATER EXTRACT STUDIES OF TAILINGS. o

FORD, BACON AND DAVIS UTAH INC. (FBDU) o SAMPLED SURFACE AND GROUND WATERS ON AND AROUND SITE. SANDIA NATIONAL LABS (SNL) o ESTIMATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF AQUlFER FROM SPECIFIC CAPACITY DATA. HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY t III FT/ DAY. 7NY i ys COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY (CSU) o INSTALLED MONITOR WELLS ON SITE. o MADE MAP OF GROUND WATER LEVELS BENEATH SITE. o MEASURED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TAILINGS. o MEASURED LABORATORY SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY -3 OF TAILINGS. HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY = 2.8 X 10 FT /D AY-2.8 X 10FT / DAY. b g -e*, , - ~ - -

i TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CONTRACTOR (TAC) $1 p o fi bd pr* p ,9 o INSTALLED MONITOR WELLS ON AND AROUND SIT gj o MEASURED GROUND WATER LEVELS ON AND AROUND SITE. e o SAMPLED GROUND WATERS ON AND AROUND SITE. o CONDUCTED AQUlFER TEST ON SITE. TRANSMISSIVITY = 2 2 k# 2,170 FT / DAY - 33,400 FT / DAY. STORAGE COEFFICIENT = f* lo 2 x io "- 7.s x io-2

>+ GUNNISON PRESENT CONDITIONS SURFACE WATER o FLOODING POTENTIAL: THE BASE OF THE PILE IS APPROXIMATELY 1,000 FEET AWAY FROM THE 500 YEAR FLOODPLAINS OF THE GUNNISON RIVER AND TOMICHI CREEK. o QUALITY: NO EVIDENCE OF CONTAMINATION HAS BEEN FOUND IN THE GUNNISON RIVER. .0% FBDU REPCRTED HIGH LEVELS OF Se (95 and 84 ppb) IN TOMICHI y CREEK AND THE FISHING POND WEST OF THE PILE. LATER SAMPLES [ t TAKEN BY GECR SHOW Se IN EITHER OF THESE WATERS. GECR REPORTED ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS OF U AND SO( IN TWO PONDS DOWN GRADIENT FROM THE PILE (U = 1.84 ppm. SO4 = 1,880 ppm).

r i 1 N 'tA N k'N 4 f l O 1 ~ l i F ,gy ,,wo" / 1 Gunnison taWng site Designated site boundary g. \\ I Legend l l T U.S. Highway @ State HWay l M Rwer or stream 500 year flood boundary -/ Source: Engineering Consultants, Inc,1976 0 000 1200 1800 ft 0 500 m interior boundary of 500 year flood for the Gunnison River and Tomichi Creek. L E-S --n---.w---- ___-,,,,--._-,_,-,,.---,_r,--_, ,_a.,,, - -,.,, - - - ~,,

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THE AQUlFER AND THE GROUND WATER FLOW REGIME THE AQUlFER IS COMPOSED OF POORLY SORTED ALLUVIUM AND IS SEMI-o UNCONFINED. BURIED STREAM CHANNELS MAY RESULT IN ZONES OF HIGH HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND CAUSE STRONG LOCAL ANISOTROPY. o FLOW DIRECTION: SOUTH-SOUTHWESTERLY v PRINCIPALLY MOUNTAIN FRh RECHARGE ALONG o SOURCES OF RECHARGE: SM THE GUNNISON AND TOMICHI AQUlFERS. OTHER SOURCES; LEAKAGE FROM (N CANALS, DIRECT INFILTRATION OF PRECIPITATION. i dd) to o DISCHARGE: TO TOMICHI CREEK AND THE GUNNISON RIVER. o WATER LEVELS: YEARLY FLUCTUATION OF FIVE FEET OR MORE. WATER TABLE AT OR NEAR GROUND SURFACE IN MID-LATE SUMMER. BOTTOM OF ygfN J PILE MAY BECOME SATURATED AT THIS TIME. pt

v-

LOWEST WATER LEVELS PROBABLY OCCUR IN THE SPRING o GROUND WATER VELOCITY: 180 FT /YR - 2,700 FT /YR, BASED UPON LOWEST AND HIGHEST CALCULATED TRANSMISSIVITIES. GRADIENT = 0.0045. ASSUME DEPTH OF AQUlFER = 200 FT, EFFECTIVE POROSITY = 10%. A MINIMUM VELOCITY OF 130 FT/YR HAS BEEN ESTIMATED FROM THE POSITION OF NO IN THE AQUlFER. THIS ESTIMATE ASSUMES THAT g 3 THE NO ORIGINATED IN THE SEWAGE LAGOON NORTH OF THE PILE. 3 . = _. , g)(b P

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+- 1 7'39 Q \\ 7636 t I J $O0 F 1; G ao um Ws re e Ei. E vs r rew.s (FASL) c:f-8D osrs: as nemuesnesr.s . +. 1

GROUND WATER QUALITY o BACK "OUND THE QUALITY OF THE NATIVE GROUND WATER GOOD. THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATIONS OF SELECTED PARAMETERS FOUND IN ANY OF THE TWELVE BACKGROUND SAMPLES TAKEN TO DATE. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY (AMHOS/CM) 355 SO, ( g/u) 44 U ( Mj /4) 0.008 I b As Not Detected ff Cd Not Detected Pb Not Detected i HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF NO}, (UP TO 1,100 MG/L) PROBABLY CAUSED BY THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT, ARE FOUND JUST WEST AND SOUTH OF THE PILE. HIGH NO"3 CONCENTRATIONS ARE ALSO FOUND IN ONE PAIR OF WELLS JUST OFF THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF THE PILE. 1 . A REDUCING ZONE, MADE APPARENT BY THE PRESENCE OF H S, EXISTic 2 AL.ONG THE GUNNISON RIVER WEST AND SOUTH OF THE PILE. 4,'

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PILE o SILTY SANDS INTERBEDDED WITH SLIMES. o COVERED WITH 6" OF SANDY CLAY AND GRAVEL. o PERCENT SATURATION: 20-100%, AVER AGE C 50%. -3 o SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: 2.8 X 10 FT / DAY - 2.8 X 10 FT / DAY. THE FOLLOWING METALS WERE FOUND TO EXIST WITHIN THE PILE IN o WATER SOLUBLE FORM. THESE DATA ARE FROM WATER EXTRACTIONS PERFORMED ON TAILINGS SAMPLES BY GECR. -~---.-----n- -- -,, - - - - - + - - - - - - -,, - - - - - - - - - - -, - -, - - -, - - - -,

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HIGHEST. CONCENTRATION FOUND METAL IN TAILINGS (A G/C)- As 150 Ba-25 Cd 5 Cr 35 Mo-6 Pb 29 -Se 0.4 U 125

L l TAILINGS MATERIALS FOUNDATION MATERIALS A grey-brown M-C sand H sand with gravel, cobbles former dike (estimated) original ground surface h B grey-brown fine sand I clayey gravel, some cobbles C grey clayey sand J clayey sand, some gravel ground water table K cobbly alluvium D grey sandy (clay (slimes) F grey clay slimes) 7665 7665 s 9 COVER MATERIAL E grey-brown silty sandy 7660 7660 clay with some gravel 211 212 B' 8 210 7655 7655 N X \\ B 7650 7650 1 C 4 2i3 t .L',_ m oV \\ f 8 'Rit t W' 7645 - K g 7640-GlT 7/8/81 7640 7635-7635 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 FT. Figure 4.2 Cross-sectional profile of tailings pile and foundation, B-B .D Vt. k,iig 1 m

GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION DUE TO THE PILE A PLUME OF CONTAMINATION IS MOVING FROM THE PILE TO THE SOUTH-o SOUTHWEST. URANIUM IS THE ONLY TOXIC METAL KNOWN TO BE MOVING WITH THE o PLUME AT THIS TIME. CONCENTRATIONS OF URANIUM 30 TIMES HIGHER THAN THAT FOUND IN ANY BACKGROUND SAMPLE EXIST AT LEAST 750 v FEET FROM THE SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE PILE. THE PLUME ALSO CONTAINS HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFATE (OVER 50 TIMES ABOVE ~ BACKGROUND). o THE PLUME IS ACTIVE. THAT IS, IT IS BEING PRODUCED BY THE PILE THIS TIME. THIS STATEMENT IS BASED UPON ESTIMATES OF GROUND WATER VELOCITY AND THE FACT THAT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF SULFATE EXIST NEAR THE PILE. k

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l* X Z S o PL E rH ' U As n v L TZ PLE o F t/ZG HES T 84cE62 CU"b c-ouc.GorMrrea ( O. O08 rge /L) D4 rt: 83.sArshes FAon 't8 weus U K ANZ un fLunF

.4 a GUNNISON FUTURE WORK o GROUND WATER SAMPLING AND WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS - TO DETERMINE SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS. o SAMPLE W TER WITHIN THE TAILINGS PILE (WITH LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABS) - TO DETERMINE SOURCE TERMS FOR GEOCHEMICAL MODELING. GEOCHEMICAL MODELING (PHREEQE/DYNAMIX)-TO ESTIMATE THE o AMOUNT OF CONTAMINATION WHICH WILL BE PRODUCED AFTER REMEDIAL ACTION. o HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING (TRUST / TRUMP). -.}}

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