ML20153G780
| ML20153G780 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Perry  |
| Issue date: | 02/24/1986 |
| From: | Benuska K CLEVELAND ELECTRIC ILLUMINATING CO., KINEMETRICS, INC. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20153G706 | List: |
| References | |
| OL, NUDOCS 8602280426 | |
| Download: ML20153G780 (64) | |
Text
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION Before the Atomic Safety and Licensing Appeal Board In the Matter of )
)
THE CLEVELAND ELECTRIC ) Docket Nos. 50-440 l
ILLUMINATING COMPANY, ET AL. ) 50-441
)
(Perry Nuclear Power Plant, )
l Units 1 and 2) )
i AFFIDAVIT OF KALMAN LEE BENUSKA
! County of Los Angeles )
- ss:
l State of California )
Kalman Lee Benuska, being duly sworn, deposes and says as t follows:
- 1. I, Kalman Lee Benuska, am Vice President and a Direc-tor of Kinemetrics, Inc. and General Manager of the l
Kinemetrics/ Systems operating division ("Kinemetrics"). My business address is 222 Vista Avenue, Pasadena, California l
91107. Kinemetrics, founded in 1969, designs and manufactures l instrumentation for seismology and earthquake engineering.
Einemetrics' instrumentation is installed in power plants, large dams, bridges, offshore structures, buildings, and other l
engineered structures in over 80 countries world-wide.
l l
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- 2. A copy of.my professional qualifications is attached hereto as Exhibit "A." As indicated therein, my professional qualifications include a M.S. in Engineering from the Universi-ty of California. I am a licensed Structural Engineer in the s
State of California and have over 16 years of experience in ground motion measur,ements, structural vibration measurements, data analysis and their interpretation. I have personal knowl-
- . edge of the matters set forth in this Affidavit and in the accompanying Exhibits, and believe the information set forth to be true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.
- 3. In addition to the qualifications discussed in
,Ex'ibit h A, I waa a member of the Working Group ANS-2.2 of the Standards Committee oL.the American Nuclear Society, which wrote the American National St'andard (" Earthquake Instrumen-tation Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants"), ANSI /ANS-2.2-1978.
I was also a member of the Working Group ANS-2.10 of the Stan-dards Committee of the American Nuclear Society which wrote the American National Standard (" Guidelines for Retrieval, Review, Processing and Evaluation of Records Obtained from Seismic In-strumentation"), ANSI /ANS-2.10-1979.
- 4. On January 31, 1986, at the time of the earthquake that occurred in the vicinity of the Perry Nuclear Power Plant, there was a Kinemetrics time history accelerograph (Model SMA-3) with two triarial. sensors, installed and operational in the Perry Plant. This acc51erograph measured the time-history of the Reactor Building motion during the earthquake at two
separate locations. Kinemetrics' time-history accelerographs, similar to the accelerograph installed at Perry, are installed in about 80 domestic nuclear plants and 120 nuclear plants world-wide. Kinemetrica Model SMA-3 accelerographs, including those installed in the Perry Plant, conform to the requirements of ANSI /ANS-2.2-1978 (Earthquake Instrumentation Criteria For Nuclear Power Plants") and to NRC Regulatory Guide 1.12 ("Nu-clear Power Plant Instrumentation for Earthquakes, Rev.1") .
- 5. Following the January 31, 1986 earthquake, Perry Plant personnel retrieved two analog magnetic tape cassette records from the Kinemetrics accelerograph installed at Perry and provided the records to Kinemetrics for data reduction.
Kinemetrics' personnel working under my supervision digitized the analog data, prepared acceleration time-histories, calcu-lated velocity and displacement time-histories, and then calcu-lated response spectra for the two sensor locations. Exhibit "B" attached hereto, entitled " Strong-Motion Data Report for the ML 5.0 Earthquake of 1147 EST, January 31, 1986, Perry Ohio,"
dated February 4, 1986 (Revision /hi,datedFebruary 19, 1986),
is complete and accurate report of the reduction of the January 31, 1986 earthquake data.
[ d J4uau- OL Kalman Lie Benuska Subscribed and sworn to before me g5> *" 'ff' ~
- f. dim, DIM,1 this J '/
- day of February, 1986. D D*) u,c'.f.i.$$$7ll.n AMU MD "
My Commission Expires: f/Nbtv4 63/8dP/
$5tary Public n -T- s
EXHIBIT "A" o
a aN g .A & T 4 i Cg EAIJEAN LBE B50SKA YEAR OF BIRTH: 1937 EDUCATION: B.S., Engineering University of California, Berkeley M.S., Engineering University of California, Berkeley R8GISTRATION: Civil Engineer, State of California Structural Engineer, State of California SURRARY: 4 Years: General Management of an integrated company producing instrumentation, software, systems and services for seismology and earthquake engineering.
12 Years: Technical management of development and applications in instrumentation and analysis of civil construction.
2 Years: Technical management of a company engaged in design and manufacture of concrete modular housing.
6 Years: Associate in firm of consulting structural engineers with emphasis on structural safety applications.
Presente Mr. Benuska is a Vice President and Director of Kinemetrics, Inc. of Pasadena, California. He is General Manager of Kinemetrics Systems; with responsibility for sales, production, product design and service of instrumentation, software and systems used in seisc.' ology and earthquake engineering.
1972 to 1981: Mr. Benuaka was Manager of the Services Department of Kinemetrics Systems; with responsibil~ity for installation, main-cenance, field measurement programs, analysis of seismic and structural vibration data, and structural integrity monitoring as a service to civil and structural engineers.
KINEMETRICS SYSTEuS TWO TWENTY TWO WSTA AVENUE. PASADENA. cA. 91107 (213) 1962220. TTLEX 674402 WETAes N
. AM//
3YS'tMS mimEM t7M I C5 1969 - 19711 As Vice President of Engineering for Stressed Structures, Inc. of Denver, Colorado, Mr. Benuska was responsible for prod-uct development and design of a flexible housing module utilizing advanced concrete technology and factory assembly line fabri-cation techniques. He organized che company's engineering division and laboratory effort.
The housing system, known as Uniment, was suc-cessfully brought through the design concept and prototype stages and into production. Mr.
Benuska was Executive Vice President and Secretary of the Company when be resigned.
1967 - 1969: Mr. Benuska managed the engineering geophysics and structural dynamics activities of Earth Sciences, a Teledyne company, of Pasadena, California. He had technical and financial management responsi-bility for instrumentation development and sales, dynamic analysis services, field instal-lation of instruments and monitoring of struc-tural behavior, and geophysical surveys of foundations.
1961 - 1967: As an Associate in the firm of T.Y. Lin dnd Associates, consulting structural engineers, he managed the Special Projects Division.
As project manager and principal investigator, he managed research efforts such as the devel-opment of a computer program to analyze the dynamic response to nuclear blast of high-rise buildingst performed computer studies of the behavior of buildings during earthquakes, which led to a recommended earthquake design code for the Federal Housing Administration; and developed & com? uter program to analyze tall cylindrical towers subjected te nuclear blast for the Naval Pacilities Engineering Command.
ANEMETRcS SYSTEMS. mo MENTY No VStA 24NJE. PASADENA. cA. 91107 (2tal TS5 2m TELEX 6 7 5402 = W 3 t *4
^
=iN eweeaic.
Mr. Benuska's professional design background includes various assignments in feasibility studies and preliminary design of construction projucts. He has been responsible for the structural design, preparation of specifica-tions and normsl construction supervision of over 8100 million of building construction. He has also served as earthquake design consultant for various multi-story apartment, office and hotel building.
PROFESSIONAL DATA: Mr. Benuska is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the Structural Engineers
. Association of California, the Seismological Society of America, the United States Committee on Large Daus, and the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. Mr. Benuska is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Tau Bet Pi and Chi Epsilon.
PUBLICATIONS: "A Computer Program to Analyze the Dynamic Response of High-Rise Buildings to Nuclear Blast Loading," Vols. I and II, with R.W.
Clough, and E.L. Wilson, Office of Civil Defense, OCD-OS-63-172, January 1964.
" Reusability of Buildings After a Warfire,"
with G.E. Trozzell, J.G. Degenkolb Washington, D.C., OCD-OS63-172, January 1964.
" Inelastic Earthquake Response of Tall Buildings," with R.W. Clough and E.L. Wilson, Proceedings, Third World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, New Zealand, January 1965.
" Computer Analysis of Protective Structure for Protection from Nuclear Blast," Office of Civi' Defense, OCD-PS-65-7, Washington, D.C., June 1965.
" Resistance of Tubular Structures to Dynamic Loading," with S.K. Takahashi and W.B. Gates, Technical Report R-463, U.S. Naval Civil Engineer ing Laboratory, Port Hueneme, California, July 1966.
KINEMETR)CS SYSTEMS Two TWENTY 'wo viWA AVENUE. PASADENA. cA 91107 (2tM 7967M TELEX 67 5402 P uET A 9
sysreus 4 ~euereie
" PEA Study of Seismic Design Criteria for High-Rise Buildings," with R.W. Clough, U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration, HUD TS-3, August 1966.
'A Computer Program for the Dynamic Response of Box-Type Structures,' with I.R. Stubbs, OCD-PS-64-201, 1157B, Office of Civil Defense, Washington, D.C., December 1966.
" Nonlinear Earthquake Behavior of Tall Buildings," with R.W. Clough, Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 93, No. EM3, June 1967.
" Systems for Measuring the Earthquake Response of Civil Construction," with J.R. Stagner, presented at University of California at Berkeley, June 1968.
"Self-Stress Concrete for Precast Building Units," with V.V. Bertero and M. Polivkar Sixth Congress, Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte, Prague, June 1970.
' Dynamic Response of Tubular Towers to Simulated Ground Motion and Air Blast," with S.K. Takahashi and W.E. Gates, Third Japan Earthquake Engineering Symposium, Tokyo, November 1970.
' Dynamic Analysis of Building Failures," with R.W. Clough, The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964, Engineering Volume, National Academy of Sciences, 1973, pp 283-307.
" Elevator Earthquake Safety Control," with S.
Aroni and W. Schroll, Sixth World Conference or.
Earthquake Engineering, New Delni, January 1977.
" Ambient Vibration of Structures," with G.C.
Hart, Proceedings, Second Annual Engineering Mechanics Division Specialty Conference, Raleigh, North Carolina, May 1977.
KINEIAETAK:S SYSTEMS TWo TWENTY Two vsSTA AVErvuE. PASADENA, CA 91107 (213) 7952220 TELEV 67 5402 p.wC' >
K l N E M E TR f C3
" Dynamic Properties of an Arch Dam," with B.
Hoerner and R. Van Orden, Proceedings, Second Annual Engineering Mechanica Division Specialty conference, Raleigh, North Carolina, May 1977.
' Structural Characterization of Concrete Chimneys," with J.G. Diehl, Proceedings of the Second Specialty Conference on Dynamic Response of Structures, ASCE, Atlanta, Georgia, January 1981, pp 152-163.
" Strong Ground Motion Record the the 16 September 1978 Tabas, Iran, Earthquake,' with D. Hadley and H. Hawkins, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 73, No. 1, February 1983, pp 315-320.
xtNtMEIRiCS SYSTEMS TWO TWENT( TWO . i' A a.ENUE DASAOENA, CA 91107 (213} 796 2220. TELEA 67 5402 kuENA MS l
EXHIBIT "B" -
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STRONG-MOTION DATA , .
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a, j PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT r .f SEISMIC INSTRUMENTATION
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STRONG-MOTION DATA REPORT for the Mg 5.0 EARTHQUAKE cf 1147 EST, JANUARY 31,1986 PERRY, OHIO RECORDED ON THE PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT STRONG MOTION ACCELEROGRAPHS
- for Cleveland Electric Illur.inating Company Requisition No. NED-E-860006 by Kinemetrics/ Systems 222 Vista Ave.
Pasadena, CA 91107 Sales Order C-K6028 February 4, 1986 February 19, 1986, Revision b
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TABLE OF CONTENTS .
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION
........................................ 1 2.0 INSTRUMENTATION..................................... 1 2.1 Model SMA-3 Accelerograph........................... 1 2.2 Calibration Data.................................... 1 2
3.0 DATA PROCESSING..................................... '
3.1 Digitization........................................ 2 3.2 VOL1 Processing..................................... 2, 3
3.3 VOL2 Processing.....................................
3 -
-- 3.4 VOL3 Processing.....................................
1 DATA PLOTS .
Uncorrected Acceleration Corrected Acceleration, and Integrated Velocity and Displacement Velocity Response Spectrum with Fourier Spectra Tripartite Presentation of PSV,PSA and SD for triaxial response at each of:
Reactor Building Foundation, El 575',
Containment vessel Annulus, El 682' APPENDICES -
" Conditioning and correction of Strong Motion Data on
[ on Analog Magnetic Tapes
- SMA-3 Data Sheet h
f f
\-------_- . __ __
1.0 INTRODUCTION
On January 31,1986, a (%, 5.0) local earthquake was recorded by the strong-motion instruGntation at Perry Nuclear Power Plant, l Perry, Ohio. The FM analog magnetic tape cassette records from two Kinemetrica Model SMA-3 accelerographs were retrieved from the instruments and provided to Kinemetrics for analysis.
This report describes the processing of these strong-motion records and presents the results. Included are the uncorrected accelerograms, corrected acceleration, velocity and displacement time series, and response spectra.
2.0 INSTRUMENTATION d
2.1 Model SMA-3 Accelerograph The SMA-3 is a multi-channel, centralized recording, FM analog magnetic tape accelerograph system designed to detect and record strong local earthquakes and record the three orthogonal acceleration signals on cassette tape. The SMA-3 remains in a standby mode until its triaxial trigger detects an earthquake.
The trigger then actuates recording in less than .10 seconds.
d The force balance accelerometers in the SMA-3 have a nominal natural frequency of 50 Hz and damping of 65% critical, providing flat (-3dB) response from DC to 50 Hz. The nominal sensitivity of each of the three channels is 2.5 volts /g with a full scale response of 1.09 The dynamic range of the accelerograph is nominally 40 dB, giving it a resolution of approximately .01g.
The trigger in the SMA-3 has a flat (-3dB) response from 1 to 10 Hz and a nominal trigger level of 0.005g. /1\
Power is supplied to the SMA-3 by internal rechargeable batteries. These batteries are kept in a charged state by 120 VAC line power.
1
. .= -
l 2.2 Calibration Data ;
1 The three Model SMA-3 accelerographs which recorded the event l were factory calibrated in January, 1985, and the sensors were recalibrated for sensitivity by the Perry NPP personnel in December of 1985. These most current calibration data are given in Table 1 below.
Sens., Nat. Freq., Damping Ser. No. Channel v/g Hz & critical 165-1 long 2.48 52.3 65 tran 2.49 53.7 65 vert 2.47 50.6 64 165-2 long 2.48 52.6 67 tran 2.48 52.2 72 vert 2.65 50.5 66 TABLE 1: Calibration Data 3.0 DATA PROCESSING f Data from the Model SMA-3 accelerographs were played back using
, a Kinemetrics Model SMP-1 Playback System through a Data Compensator, digitized using a Kinemetrics Model DDS-1105 Digital d Data System and processed as described in Kinemetrics' Application Note No. 7 " Conditioning and Correction of Strong 1 Motion Data on Analog Magnetic Tapes", appended to this report.
3.1 Digitization 3
The magnetic tapes were digitized using the DDS-Il05. The 1024 Hertz FM time reference recorded on channel 4 of the cassette is output from the SMP-1 and divided down by four (256 Hz 1 deviation) ano used as the timing signal for the digital conversion time interval. The multiplexed uncorrected time series are written on 9-track computer-compatible tape at 256 samples per second.
d 2
3.2 VOL1 Processing The digitised data were demultiplexed and scaled to acceleration units using the Table 1 calibration data. The mean was then a subtracted from each acceleration time history. The new time l histories were then written in a Kinemetrics' VOL1-format disk file. .
The three uncorrected acceleration time histories from each SMA-3 record were then plotted; these plots are included in the data section of this report.
3.3 VOL2 Processing The recorded accelerograms were then instrument and baseline corrected using Kinemetrics' VOL2 program. This program is based upon the VOL2 program developed at Caltech (Trifunac and '
Lee, 1973). No major modifications to the original VOL2 algorithms have been made.
The data were bandpass filtered using Ormsby filters. Th a.
low-pass filter had a cut-off frequency of 35 Bs and a termination frequency of 40 Hz. The high-pass filter had a '
cutoff frequency of 0.625 Hz and a termination frequency of 0.4, Q Bs.
~
Output of this program consists of a plot of corrected acceleration, velocity and displacement for each component of recorded data. These plots are presented in the data section of this report.
3.4 VOL3 Processing i Linear response spectra were calculated from the corrected acceleration time histories using the algorithms developed by l Trifunac and Lee. Response spectra were calculated for damping ra tios of 0,1, 2, 4, and 7 percent. The period range of these spectra was 1.68 to 0.0283 seconds (0.59 to 35.4 Bz) with g
oscillator response calculated at 1/24 th octave intervals.
- Two types of plots were produced and are included in the data section of this report. The first type is the traditional tripartite log-log plot of pseudo-velocity vs.operiod. The
- second is a linear plot of velocity response and Fourier
) spectrum vs. frequency.
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. 11A8001 PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMP WEST SMA3S/W 165-1T DAMP 1NG VALUES ARE G. 1. 2. 4. T PERCENT OF CRITICAL I 10.0 i l g g i g l l 1 1 SV
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RELATIVE VELOCITY RESPONSE SPECTRUM ML 5.0 EARTHOUAKE JANUARY 31. 1986 11A8001 PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMP UP SHA3S/N 165-IV DAMP 1NG VALUES ARE 0. 1. 2. 4. 7 PERCENT OF CRITICAL l
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ML 5.0 EARTHOUAKE JANUARY 3i, 1986 l P.ERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMP WEST SMA35/N 165-2T 11A8002 DAMPING VALUES ARE 0. 1. 2 4. 7 PERCENT OF CRITICAL eREQUENCY - HZ _3 10 1 10 3
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ML 5.0 EARTHOUAKE JANUARY 31, 1986 11A8002 #ERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMP SOUTH SMA35/N .65-2L DAMPING VALUES ARE 2 PERCENT OF CRITICAL
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ML 5.0 EARTHOUAKE JANUARY 31. 1986 PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COM? WEST SMA35/N 165-21 11A8002 DAMP 1NG VALUES ARE 2 PERCENT OF CRITICAL PREQUENCY - HZ 10;
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nt dU EAKIMudAKE JANUARY 31, 1986 IIA 8002 PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COM? UP SMA3S/N 165-2V DANPING VALUES ARE 2 PERCENT OF CRITICAL FREQUENCY - HZ _3 10 1 10 3
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ML 5.0 EARTHOUAKE JANUARY 31, 1986 11A8002 PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMP SOUTH . SMA35/N 165-2L DANP!NG VALUES ARE 4 PERCENT OF CRITICAL FREQUENCY - HZ .
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8 APPLICATION NOTE l l Conditioning and Correction of Strong Motion Data on Analog Magnetic Tapes No. 7 Einemetrics has developed programs for routine computer processing of data recorded on the analog magnetic tape accelero-graphs, Models SMA-2 and SMA-3. The software from published research for film recording accelerographs (Trifunac & Lee,1973F bas been adapted to the analog magnetic tape recording ' instruments.
> Magnetic tape is used where rapid playback and analysis of data are required. These accelerographs are normally located at large engineered facilities, such as nuclear power plants.
Figure 1, "Kinemetrics Earthquake Data Reduction System Flow Diagram," illustrates the specialized services needed to prepare data immediately after an earthquake. The purpose of this Note is to describe the standard data conditioning and correction used to prepare accelerograms for subsequent response spectrum or time-series analysis. On Figure 1 are references to the following paragraphs: 1.0--Data Playback, 2.0- Analog-to-Digital Conversion, 3.0--Data conditioning, and 4.0--Data correction. There are two " tape speed" errors in all FM analog re-cording / playback systems. One " error" is a. change in apparent amplitude due to unwanted tape speed changes. Correction of this error is called " amplitude compensation". This is shown in Fig-ure 2 and described in Sections 1.0 and 3.0. The second " error" is a change in apparent length of the earthquake due to different tape speeds during recording and playback. Correction of this error is called " time base compensation". This is shown in Fig-ure 3 and described in Section 2.0. 1.0 Data Playback
. 1.1 The p.1yback system is a Model SMP-1 (Figure 4) . If the
$ SMP-1 is used 60 play out the SMA-2 or SMA-3 tapes, the signals KINEMETRICS INC.,TWO TWENTY TWO VISTA AVENUE, PASADENA, CA. 91107 (213) 796 2220. TELEX 67 5402 KMETRICS PSD
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I I CEarthquake is Recorded Data Playback File at Plant Using $14P-1 et plant, SMP-1 hard copy, strip produce strip chart recordo charte clearly labeled transaat Data Cassettee transmitted to Rinemetrice in Pasadena Data Playback paw Date Using SMP-1 at Rinemetrice, 1. Cassettee connected to A-to-D converter, 2. SMP-1 hard copy produce parallel strip charte Analoe to Diettal Conversion At Rinemetrice, using D05-110$ or DataseioR
- 1. 3 channels per cassettes acceleration in a,y.and a
( 1 . Data Conditionine Uncorrected Date Usinq computer Uncorrocted sceelerograme on
- 1. Demultiplosing -
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- 2. 1.inear baseline correction tape and plot of time series
- 3. Engineering units 1
9 g O Data Correction Using computer Corrected accelerograme and integrated velocity and
- 1. Instrument correction displacement 3
- 2. Baseline correction 1. Plots of all time series
- 3. Integrated velocity 2. 9-track computer compatible and displacement tape of acceleration
- 3. Card decks optional Data peduction peduced Date Using computer -
- 1. Plots of peeponse spectre
- 1. Damped peeponse spectra 2. Plots of Fourier spectra
- 2. Fourier Amplitude spectra I 1 Trenomit Data to owner
, 1. Raw Data
- 2. Uncorrected Data
- 3. Corrected Data
- 4. Reduced Data (DataAnalysis) i FIGURE 1 Flow Diagram for Kinemetrics E.D.R.S.
(Earthquake Data Reduction Sequence) [
d Channel 1 L - - - M M t[^. I;' ,, Ig ] h l (see Figure 4) Uncompensated Earthquake Record d i l i i _L s.n_ 3_i_ L I J a J _sJ 1_a 1 2 J.a .s J t. aa a 1 _i 2 .1 IJ a L j Channel 4 qgi i r' r1 e i ri 1 rTrr>,r=rrrTIr1 i,7TuTi (see rigure 4) 1024 Hz Time Compensation Channel I l h
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l, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) The SMP 1 is a versatile magnetic tape playback provides immediate visual playback capability of system designed for use with the Kinemetrics recorded acceleration data. ',i SMA 2 and SMA 3 Magnetic Tape Acceleration The SMP 1 is portable and may be operated either Systems. The combination of the SMA 2 or SMA 3 from 110 Vac or internal rechargeable batteries. l Acceleration Systems with the SMP 1 Magnetic Optionally the unit may be mounted in a standard l Tape Playback System meets the applicable re. 19-inch cabinet. An internal battery charger is i quirements of US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.12, and included with the unit. i RINIMETRICS INC.. TWO TWINTY TWO VISTA AVENut. PASA0tNA. CA. s1107 (sis)19S 222o TELEX s7 64o2 EMtTRICS PSD I ,
i which appear on the chart recorder are amplitude compensated. .,,, _ . 1.2 The electrical outputs taken f rom the DEMODULATED OUTPUT jacks (Channels 1, 2, or 3 of Figure 4) are not amplitude compensated. However, Rinemetrics has an electronic Data Com-pensator which plugs into an SMP-1. If this Data Compensator is used, the electrical signals are amplitude compensated by electronic subtraction of Channel 4 from Channels 1, 2, and 3. The Data Compensator should be used if the signals are to be recorded on a three-channel strip-chart recorder for display. The signals are not time base compensated. 1.3 If the signals are to be processed on a computer, there are two options: 1.3.1 Use the Data Compensator for amplitude compensation. 1.3.2 Without a Data compensator, have sof tware perform amplitude compensation. L
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2.0 Analog-to-Digital Conversion , The following steps are taken at Kinemetrics using the SMP-1 connectogtotheAnalog-to-DigitalConverter,ModelDDS-1105or DataSeis 2.1 Three (3) analog outputs of the SMP-1 with Data Compensator are digitized simultaneously longitudinal, transverse, and vertical (Channels 1, 2, 3 of Figure 4) . A 12-bit analog-to-digital converter is used with normal full scale of 15 volts. 2.2 The FM Time reference output (Channel 5 of Figure 4) is 1,024 Ha plus or minus tape speed error. This signal is divided down by four (256 Es i deviation) and used as the timing signal - for the digital conversion time interval. Thus, the accelerogram time base is corrected for tape speed error and the voltage values are equally spaced at 1/256 second. This is " time base compensation" and can be done og analog-to-digital converters other than DDS-1105 or DataSeis ) 2.3 The final uncorrected accelerograma'are written on 9-track computer-compatible tape. The three channels are 2
multiplexed (i.e., 1, 2, 3 , 1, 2, 3 , 1, 2, . . . ) , and are in a 16-bit, offset binary format. 3.0 Data Conditioning Figure 5 illustrates the flow of the " Data Conditioning" software. Tape speed variations during recording and during playback of FM analog tape change the apparent time base and affect the analog amplitude. The time base has been compensated in the previous section by using the FM time reference output (Channel 5 of Figure 4) as the timing signal for the analog-to-digital converter. The amplitude has been compensated using the Data Compensator module. The output accelerograms are uncorrected in the sense that no modifications have been introduced which involve any hypothesis of the ground motion character or of the instrument involved. 4.0 Data Correction Figure 6 illustrates the flow of the " Data Correction" , software. The purpose is to present corrected acceleration data and integrated ground velocity and displacement curves in as . I accurate a form and over as wide a frequency range as is j compatible with the original data. The modified data is believe8 to be the most accurate form of input data feasible to produce from the original record for structural response calculations and for response spectrum determinations. Instrument correction is introduced to compensate for the accelerometers' frequency response. The Caltech publication EERL 71-05 discusses the approach used. The baseline correction uses an Ormsby high-pass filter. The technique is explained in Caltech publication EERL 70-07.
. Figure 7 contains a sample output plot of corrected data for one component of the Santa Barbara earthquake of 13 August 1978, recorded on a SMA-2 accelerograph.
b 0 5 3
t INPtFfs [Multiplemedamplitude-compensated ( INPUrs 3 accelerograms, channels 1,2,3,1,2,3,... 1 = longitudinal amis, Al tti 256 samples per second 2 = transverse asia, Astti k J 3 = vertical aals. A,(t) each at 256 samples per second. Data are offset binary representation 2 of amplitude in volts. j e Low-pass filter Alt) by using Ormsby filter to get Ag(t) o Desultiplex raw accelerograms into three files: Pile 1 = A1(t) File 2 = A ttti File 3 = A ytt) Perform instrumental correction of A itti by using differentia!" equation approach to obtain A 2ItI* See Reference EERL 71-05 . l Transform offeet binary numbers
- to volts, according to
( Volts = 5 - 1 ,, Perform baseline correction of A 4t3 2 by high-pass filtering the data with Ormsby filter to get A3(tl. See Reference EERL 70-07. Perform linea seline correction by calculating mean salue for each file and subtracting this value from each data point in the file. OUTPtFf s
" 1. Corrected accelerogram A 3te)
- 2. Velocity time history
. Amplitude values in volts are transformed (3. Displacement time history j to units of g, using individual accelerometer sensitivities OUTPUT Uncorrected Accelerograms A(t) . > 256 samples per second -
f FIGURE 6 FIGURE 5 O Data Conditioning, E.D.R.S. Data Correction, E.D.R.S.
FIGURE 7 SANTA' BARBARA EARTilOUAKE AUGUST 13, 1978 - 1555 PDT GOLETA SUBSTATION SCE, 34 28.0'N, 119 53.l'W COMP UP e PERT VALUE5 : RCCEL = 105.9 CH/5EC/SEC VELOC11Y = -5.6 Cn/SEC DISPL = 1.0 CM i -250 BANDWIDTH 0.03, 4.0 SEC 5 L - C5 I I
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l REFERENCES l f Trifunac, M. D. (1970). Low Frequency Digitization Errors and a New Method for Iero Baseline Correction of Strong-Motion Accelerograms, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, EERL 70-07, pgs. 32-52, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena Trifunac, M. D. , F. E. Udwadia and A. G. Brady (1971) . High Frequency Errors and Instrument Corrections of Strong-Motion Accelerograms, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, EERL 71-05, pgs. 33-47, Calif ornia Instifu?d of Technology, Pasadena Trifunac, M. D. and V. Lee (1973). Routine Computer Processing of Strong-Motion Accelerograms, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, EERL 73-03, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
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The SMA-3 is a multi-channel, centralized recording, An SMA-3 can accommodate up to 27 channets of ac-celeration data, usuaffy from triaxial force balance ac-magnetic tape accelerograph system designed to celerometers, Model FBA-3. Downhole triaxial sensors detect and record strong local earthquakes. Typical structural applications include nuclear power plants, (FBA-130H) can be installed. and uniaxial and biaxial ac-tall buildings, dams, offshore platforms and bridges. celerometers may also be used. The sensors may be The SMA3, us6d with the companion SMP1 located up to 1500 feet from the central recorder. The TS 3 triaxial seismic trigger is standard with any SMA-3 Playback System, meets the requirements of U.S. g NRC Regulatory Guide 1.12 and is being used at over system. The SMA-3 comes supplied with two cassettes 90 nuclear power plants around the world, per recording section, and all mounting hardware and t mating connectors for the specifed number of triggers and accelerometers. KINEMbM:CS1. $TEMs 222 VISTA AVENUE; PASADENA,CA 91107 (818) 796 222o; TELEX 67 5402 KMETRICS PSD
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i CENERAL DESCRIPTION _
. itir l The SMA 3 is a versatile multi channel acceleration record- ..
g c ' ing system. It is self-actuating wtien a local earthquake < = - - % cxceeds a predetermined level of ground acceleration. 1% , i When acceleration falls below the preset value, the 6 8-i SMA-3 automatically retums to the standby condition. - - - a
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The standard FBA-3 triaxial accelerometer package is ap. .: ,,
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C 7)g proximately a 20 centimeter cube. It contarts three force- @ ; O.~D0 - T 3 ,J ba';.nce acceleration sensors. The accelerometer pack- --- 0 C 3I 4 age accepts calibration commands for damping and ****O __ natural frequency. - - I Each accelerometer signal is buffered, frequency c ,'Q ,, o
*p. *='s modulated, and recorded on an assigned track of a four.
track magnetic tape cassette. Three tracks are used for ;g
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accetration data and the fourth for a timing signat, which . , _ . ... . 3 is ccm uca for all recording tape transports in the system. g L.i g _ TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS '" , O_M y 3 g
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SEISMIC TRIGGERS (Model TS 3) Type: Tnaxial acceleraton tngger i ! h5 ?- 2 l' p na 7 Houseg Cast alummum, waterproof .,L - Se: Point. 0 01g standard. field adiustable. 0 005g to 0 05g ,, L Ooton Adiustment range at 0.025g to 0 259 ORDERING INFORMATION, SM.A-3 Current Dran. O a5 mA e standby; So mA operateg Kinemetrics Part Number: 101100 TRANSDUCERS (Model FBA 3) Strong Motion Acceleration System, including: ._3 Type. Force Datance accelerometers One tnaxial setsmec trgger. Model TS-3 Housing Cast alumeum, waterproof Specify tnggereg tnreshold (0 01g standard) C Specify numeer of additonal inggers if desired r4 Bandwidth. O to 50 Hz M Range. 2 Ig full scale Output = 2.5 V full scale Up to noe tnaxial acceleraten sensors. Model FBA 3,1 Og full scaie Damong 70% of entical Cost Ooton-Model FBA 11 uniaxial sensor e. Natural Frecuency 50 Hz Cost Ooton-Model FBA-130H downhole tnaxial sensor i . Caterston. Damong and natural frecuency recorded by command Ooton-Racqe 0 259. 0 5g. 20g fuit scate L:: Temperature Range. -20' to 70' C (O' to 1608 F) Specify number and type of sensors, up to 27 channets Temperature Effects. 1.5% of fuit scate over operating range ~ Up to nee tnarial tape recordeg modules, witn cassettes .1 RECORDING SYSTEM Cost Octon-Flame resistant wireg i Specify number of channels, up to twenty-seven Type. Frequency modulaton Tape: Four track magnetic tape cassette - Tape Speed.17/8" per second Control / Power Panet Recording Time 3] meutes Cost Ooton--Converson to 220 Vac y Bandwidth: 0 to 50 Hz Dyname Range 40 dB from 15' to 35' C (with SMP-1) ACCSS40 ries: Modulaton Frecuency 1000 Hz 2 50% modulaton ~ Timmg Frecuency' 102a H2 2 0.2% interconnectrng Cabies for seismic trgger(s) System Accuracy (with SMP-11 2 5% at fun scate, enang.ng hnearty Cost Coton-Flame retardant caDie i to 15% of full scale at 0 01g Specify lengtns required up to 1500* to each trgger Sta.tse Trne: Less than 01 seconds Event Alarm: Normally open contacts, rated 1 amo @ 12 Vdc. Interconnectirq Cables for remate accelerometers Event indcator: E6ectromagnetic visual dispiay Cost Ooton-Flame retardant cable Spec 4ty lengtns required. i o to 1500 to each sensor POWER SUPPLY 1Nnch Rack Mounting Cabmet Two 12 V intemat, rechargeme4e battenes An intemal battery cnarger. Cost Ooton-Seismically braced caccet operateg from 110 Vac. is suophed.
'T OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 8 Soares and Suoches-Temperature o' to 55' C (30' to 130' F) Magnetic Tape Cassettes. Pan #700030 Humidity- Remote packages.100% R H Desiccant Envoicoes. Part #7000a9 Cancet mounted panets. 80% R.H. norKondensmg 12 V Battenes (pair) Part #103413
@Kinemetrics July 1985 Printed in U.S.A.
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