ML20151A037
| ML20151A037 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 07109218 |
| Issue date: | 09/30/1985 |
| From: | WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC COMPANY, DIV OF CBS CORP. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| WIPP-DOE-114, WIPP-DOE-114-R01, WIPP-DOE-114-R1, NUDOCS 8804060203 | |
| Download: ML20151A037 (45) | |
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i TRU WASTE 4
CERTIFICATION COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCEPTANCE
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OF NEWLY GENERATED mi
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WASTES TO BE SHIPPED
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r NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. Neither the United States nor the Department of Energy, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility f or the accuracy, completeness, or usef ulness of any inf ormation, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT CONTRACTOR DE-ACO4-78ALO5346 WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP.
IT CORPORATION DRAVO ENGRS., INC.
GlBBS & HILL INC.
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WIPP 00t -114 REVISl0N 1 l
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1RU WASit CERilFICA110N COMPilANCE REQUIRFMENIS FOR ACCLPIANCE OF NEWLY GENERAIFO l
1 CONI ACl -HANDLED WASitS 10 BE I
SHIPPED 10 1HE WIPP SEPltMBER 1985 WESilNGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORAll0N WIPP lECHNICAL SUPPOR1 CON 1RACl0R
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.0 INTR 00VC110N.
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2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.....................
2 3.0 WASlE CONTAINER REQUIREMEN15.................
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3.1 CRlitRION
WASit CONIAINERS..............
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3.2 CR11ER10N
WASIE PACKAGE SIZE.............
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3.3 CRiiLRION
WAS1E PACKAGE HAN01.ING...........
10 4.0 WASlE FORM REQUIREMLNIS
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4.1 CR11LR10N
IMMO8ILIZATION.
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4.2 CRiltRION
LIQUID WAS1ES 13 j
4.3 CR!lLRION:
PYROPHORIC MA1ERIAL i
15
4.4 CRilER10N
EXPLOSlVES AND COMPRESSE0 GASES 17
4.5 CR11LR10N
RA010ACilVE MIXE0 WAS1E 19 L
5.0 WAS1E PACKAGE REQUIREMEN15......
21 l
5.1 CR11ERION
WASIL PACKAGE WE!GHT...
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5.2 CR11ER10N
NUCLEAR CRillCAll1Y 23
5.3 CRliER10N
PU-239 EQUIVALENT AC1tVllY.
25 5.4 CR!lER10N:
SURFACE 00SE RAll 27
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5.5 CR11ER10N
SURFACE CONIAMINA110N 29
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5.6 CR11ER10N
THERMAL POWER 31 I
5.7 CR11ERl0N
GAS GENERA 110N 32
5.8 CR11ERl0N
LA8ELING.......
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5.9 CRITER10N
DA1A PACKAGE................
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6.0 REFERENCES
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TABLE OF FIGURES
,fj1ure No.
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1 BASIS FOR Cf R11F ICA110N OF 1RU WASIE FOR SHIPMEN 1 10 1aE wien......................
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Compliance requirements are presented for certifying that unclassified, newly generated, contact-handled (CH) transuranic (TRU) solid wastes f rom defense programs meet the Waste isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC).* Where appropriate, transportation and interim storage requirements are incorporated, however, interim storage sites may have addi tional requirements consistent with these requirements.
All applicable DOE orders must continue to be met.
The compliance requirements for stored ** or buried waste are not addressed in this document.
lhe compliance requirements are divided into four sections, primarily determined by the general feature that the requirements address.
These sections are General Requirements, Waste Container Requirements, Waste Form Requirements, and Waste Package Requirements.
The waste package is the combination of waste container and waste.
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- WIPP 00E-069, Rev. 2, TRU Waste Acceptance Criteria for the Waste isolation i
Pilot Plant, September 1985, as revised.
- WIPP 00E-137, Rev.1,1RU Waste Certification Compliance Requirements for 1
Acceptance of Contact Handled Wastes Retrieved from Storagt to be Shipped to the WIPP, September 1985, as revised... -.
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2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS l
i The compliance requirements are structured to assist TRU waste genera-i tors in preparing site-specific certification plans and detailed procedures Site certification plans and procedures may incorporate process and admini-strative controls, and/or tests on individual waste packages to accomplish certification.
Site certification plans and procedures must incorporate i
I quality assurance measures and will be subject to audit by the cognizant 00L Field Office in addition to DOE overview.
The Certification Program includes the plans for certification and quality assurance as illustrated in Figure 1.
j Sites are required to obtain WIPP Project Office (WPO) approval on certification and quality assurance plans.
As a minimum, quality assurance measures shall include:
(1) the identi-fication of the organizational structure, functional responsibilities, levels of authority, and lines of communication for activities affecting waste processing and certification; (2) a records management and document control system for the maintenance of procurement documents, procedures, drawings calibration and test results, and certification records; (3) measures to ensure that correct tests and procedures are used, personnel conducting the tests are adequately trained, suitable sampling and test f requencies are used, and that the tests and test equipment are standardized and calibrated; i
and (4) procedures for identifying and implementing corrective actions when unacceptable waste forms or packages are found.
The specifit details are available in WIPP-00E-120, Rev.1, "Quality Assurance Requirements for Certification of TRU Waste for Shipment to the WIPP," January 1983
, as revised.
The documentation referred to in the compliance requirements (i e documented procedures, etc.) will form the bases to establish the adeq of certification procedures or specific waste certifications.
The compliance requiremen(s account for the fact that waste generators may be unable to immediately certify to all WIPP-WAC.
When complete certifi-cation is not possible, the specific areas of noncompliance must be identi in the data package transmitted to the interim storage site Certification
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i PLANT POLICIES WIPP waste QA Program WIPP-00E-120 Acceptance e
HS8E Programs Requirements Criteria e
Safeguards Etc.
1P 1r Concliance Certification Requirements p
Requirements 1
it CERTIFICATION PROGRAM e
Certification Plan QA Plan ir Operating PROCEDURES Figure i Basis for Certification of TRU Waste for Shipment to WIPP
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4 would then be completed at an appropriate future date prior to shipment to the WIPP.
Each waste shipper's Certification and Quality Assurance Plan must be submitted to be approved by the WIPP Project Office (WPO) prior to certifying l
waste.
Waste generators should attempt as soon as possible to certify waste to all WIPP-WAC to minimize certification ef forts at Interim storage sites.
Only wastes certified to the WIPP-WAC, or waste with special WP0 approval, will be accepted at the WIPP.
Certified waste packages retrieved f rom certified storage for shipment to the WIPP will require that selected properties be verified by the shir.ser These properties are surface radiation, contamination levels, and physical y
condition of container.
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3.0 WASTE CONTAINER REOUIREMENTS
3.1 CRITERION
WASTE CONTAINERS Waste containers for emplacement at the WIPP shall be noncombustible and meet all applicable requirements of 49 CFR 173.412 for Type A packaging.
In j
addition, they shall have a design life of at least 20 years from date of i
i certification, including labeling.
l Any waste containers that appear to be bulged or otherwise damaged shall be repackaged or overpacked in a container meeting the above requirements.
l1 INTENT 1he purpose for this criterion is to provide protection to personnel f rom the potential failure of waste containers and the release of contamination during shipping and handling, including retrieval if required.
CONTR0llED PROPERTIES o Container design and fabricction i
o Physical condition of container o Design life of container and label 1
COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS 1RU waste containers will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are mot:
3.1.1 Documented procurement or fabrication specifications are uti-lized to ensure that waste containers are noncombustible and, as a minimum, comply with Department of Transportation (001),
B requirements for Type A packaging in 49 CFR.
The results of lype A packaging certification tests for each container type will be documented.
3.1.2 lhere exist documented evidence and/or analyses showing that containers will remain intact and contamination free during i
the 20 year life.
3.1.3 Documented inspection procedure is utilized to ensure that damaged waste containers are not shipped from a waste generation / storage site unless replaced or overpacked with an approved conta iner.
The results of the inspection will be documented.
3.1.4 1he materials used for labeling shall have a design life of 1
at least 20 years from date of certification.
i OISCUSSION Other criteria relating to the Waste Containers Criterion are com-o bustibility, handling, and size.
The "type of container' must be provided as part of the data package.
lhe 20-year design life for waste containers is specifled to provide o
for retrieval of intact waste packages at the maximum expected time af ter emplacement and to include interim storage af ter certification, t'efore WIPP opens.
The WIPP storage conditions include a dry salt environment at a nominal 82'F (28"C).
Materials and method used for i
labeling are also expected to meet the 20 year design-life requirement.
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Acceptable containers are those certified as meeting applicable 001 o
requirements, storage site requirements, and other requirements outlined in this document.
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4 For purposes of this i,.'.rion, bulged or otherwise damaged refers to o
any condition that compromises the integrity of the waste container.
The integrity of waste containers should not be compromised from waste o
form reactions such as gas generation or corrosion.
Waste forms that might produce such effects should be packaged or processed to ensure container integrity.
Filtered vents may be one method to ensure
{1i container integrity.
i Possible deterioration of waste containers during certified storage o
will require verification of container condition prior to shipment to the WIPP.
Deteriorated containers must be replaced or overpacked.
Repackaging of a waste package will require relabeling and updating of
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1, the Data Package.
i Containers shall not be loaded beyond the weight used for the DOT o
tests described by 49 CFR 173.463 Standards for Type A Packaging.
- 1 Bulky or heavy waste items shall be blocked inside the waste package o
i to prevent shifting during handling.
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t 3.2, CRITERION:
WA_STE PACKAGE _SI7E
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1RU waste packages or package assemblies shall not exceed 12 x 8 x 8.5 feet (3.7 x 2.4 x 2.6 m) in overall L x W x H dimensions.
INTENT lhe purpose for this criterion is to prevent exceeding the size limitations of handling equipment, facilities, and transportation hardware.
CON 1ROLIED PROPERTY o Waste package size COMP [l ANC{. RE QUIREME.N_T_S 1RU waste packages shipped to the WIPP will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
3.2.1 Packages or package assemblies shall not exceed 12 x 8 x 8.5 feet 1
(3.7 x 2.4 x 2.6 m) (LxWxH).
3.2.2 No package shall be smaller than a 30 gallon drum or equivalent container.
DISCUS $10N The size limitation for the waste package is based on the WIPP waste o
j hoist cage.
Other limitations for the height and width important to l
the shipper depend upon the sizes of the TRUPACis and other trans -
I porters which may be developed for CH TRU waste package shipments.
1 Containers which must be repackaged prior to certification must meet o
the above size limitations prior to shipment to the WIPP. l
if alternate transportation methods for shipment to WIPP become o
available, packages or package assemblies meeting the requirements for these transportation methods must not exceed the dimensions listed in the above criterion.
t lo optimize WIPP stacking ef ficiencies, however, it is recommended o
that 1RU waste be packaged in the 00T Specification 17C 55 gallon steel drum or rectangular steel boxes with nominal outside dinwnsion of.
5.67 x 4.50 x 3.21 ft (1.73 x 1.37 x 0.98 m) (L x W x H) 6.21 x 4.21 x 3.21 ft (1.89 x 1.28 x 0.98 m) (L x W x H) 1 7.00 x 4.00 x 4.00 ft (2.13 x 1.22 x 1.22 m) (L x W x H) 7.33 x 4.50 x 4.50 ft (2.23 x 1.3/ x 1.37 m) (L x W x H) 9.33 x 5.67 x 6.42 ft (2.84 x 1.73 x 1.96 m) (L x W x H) 1 These are not intended to be exclusive sizes.
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3.3 CRITERION
WASTE PACKAGE HANDLING All waste packages shall be provided with cleats, of f sets, chines, or skids for handling by means of fork trucks, cranes, or similar handling devices.
Lif ting rings and other auxiliary lif ting devices on the packages, if provided, shall be recessed, of f set, or hinged in a manner which does not inhibit stacking the packages.
,INTE N T The purpose for this criterion is to permit the use of standard methods for waste package handling.
CONTR01. LEO PROPERTY Container configuration and design features o
COMPLIANCE RE0VIREMENTS TRU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
l1 3.3.1 There exist container design specifications:
(a) incorporating standard or WIPP-acceptable handling devices and favorable stdck-
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1 ing features and (b) utilized for procurement or fabrication.
3.3.2 Lifting attachments shall be designed with a 5:1 safety factor 1
based on the ultimate strength of the material (Reference 1).
OISCUSSION s
lo standardize waste package handling methods, it is recommended that o
waste boxes or drum package assemblies be provided with lif ting loop attachments as described in report SAND 81-0141 (Reference 2).
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4.0 WASTE FORM REQUIREMENTS
4.1 CRITERION
IMMOBILIZATION Powders, ashes, and similar particulate waste materials shall be immobi-lized if i.wre than I wt % of the waste matrix in each package is in the form of particles below 10 microns in diameter, or if more than 15 wt 5 is in the form of particles below 200 microns in diameter.
,1NTENT lhe purpose for this criterion is to reduce:
(a) the quantity of poten -
tlally respirable fines and (b) the dispersibility of radioactive material, in the event of container failure.
CONTR01.LE0_ PROPERTIES Quantity, size, and density of particles in waste o
o Durability of waste particle l
t o Stability of immobilized waste COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS 1RU waste will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
i 4.1.1 Documented procedures and results utilized to ensure that wastes have:
(a) no greater than I wt % of the particulate of less than j
10 microns in diameter and (b) no greater than 15 wt % particu-l late of less than 200 microns in diameter.
Wastes not meeting these requirements must be immobilized.
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4.1.2 1here exists documented evidence or analyses showing the stabil-ity and durability of wastes.
This applies to wastes capable of forming particulates, as described above, between packaging and emplacement.
l DISCUSSION r
o Durability, in this case, is defined as the resistance of waste l
particles to abrade into smaller particles during handling and transportation.
Stability, in this case, is defined as the resis-tance of waste to degrade into smaller particles as a function of
- time, The 200-micron limit was selected because particles smaller than o
200 microns are easily dispersed.
Particles smaller than 10 microns are considered respirable particles, and could result in a radiation dose if inhaled, Administrative controls should be used as much as possible to iden-o tify and segregate waste containing or capable of generating fine material.
This criterion is not intended to apply to incidental dust associated with nonparticulate waste, nor to Portland cement or other desiccants added for liquid absorbance, 1 -
4.2 CRITERION
LIQUID WASTFS l
TRU waste shall not be in free-liquid form.
Minor liquid residues remaining in well-drained bottles, cans, and similar containers are acceptable.
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JNTENT lhe purpose for this criterion is to reduce the dispersibility of radionuclide materials in the event of waste container failure.
CONTR01.tE0 PROPERTIES Quantity of free liquids present in waste o
Stability of solidified liquids o
t COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS 1RU waste will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
4.2.1 Documented procedures are utilized to ensure the absence of free liquid waste forms, other than minor residues.
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4.2.2 lhere exist documented evidence or analyses shuwing the stability of solidified liquids through the WIPP retrievability period.
O_lSCUSSION 1
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Stability, in this case, is defined as the resistance to the formation o
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of free liquids within containers during the time period specified.
Containerization of free liquids is not permitted.
Minor liquid 1
o residues remaining in well-drained bottles, cans, or containers are acceptable.
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Solidified corrosive liquids must meet the compilance requirements -for o
rddioaCl1Ve M1Xed Waste.
l Use of absorbents outside a sealed bag which contains trapped liquid l1 o
does not meet the intent of this criterion.
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All liquid waste forms _must be solidified in a manner that the solid o
i waste formed contains no f ree liquid.
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4.3 CRITERION
PYROPHORIC MATERIAL y
Pyrophoric materials, other than radionuclides, shall be rendered safe by mixing with chemically stable materials (e.g., concrete, glass, etc.) or pro-cessed to remove their hazardous properties.
No more than 1% by weight of the waste in each package may be pyrophoric forms of radionuclides, and these shall be generally dispersed in the waste.
INTENT 1he purpose for this criterion is to reduce the possibility of fire originating from spontaneous combustion.
l CONTROLLEO PROPERTIES o Quantity of potentially pyrophoric material present in waste o Degree of dispersica of potentially pyrophoric material in waste 1
o Potentially pyrophoric combination of material and waste matrix 1
COMPl.!ANCE REOUIREMENTS 1RU waste will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
4.3.1 Documented procedures or policies controlling the introduction 1
l into waste or waste packages of (a) significant quantitles of pyrophorics and (b) nonpyrophoric waste that could forn
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pyrophoric compounds because of mixing.
I 4.3.2 Documented procedures describing the method (s) of converting 1
pyrophorics into safe forms through dispersion, dilution with a noncombustible material, or oxidation prior to packaging. i
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i 0],MS_Gl.93 A significant quantity of pyrophoric material is that quantity that o
could produce fires under normal handling, transportation, interim i
t storage, and WIPP emplacement conditions, or if ignited, burns so i
vigorously and persistently as to cause breaching of the waste t'
1 package.
Included are water-reactive materials and other pyrophoric materials described in 49 CFR 173, Subparts 0 and C.
Waste containing elemental alkaline metals that have been subjected o
to a controlled reaction to convert these metals to oxides or salts is considered nonpyrophoric.
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4.4 CRITERION
EXPLOSIVES AND COMPRESSED GASES t
1 TRU waste shall contain no explosives or compressed gases as defined by 49 CFR 173, Subparts C and G.
INTENT lhe purpose for this criterion is to reduce personnel risk from possible explosions and the potential release of contamination in the event of waste
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y container failure.
CONTROLLED,PROPERTIFS Presence of explosive items or materials, including selected chemical o
compounds in the waste Presence of pressurized vessel (s) in waste o
,C0M._P11_ANC(.R R IREME O 1RU waste will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
4.4.1 Documented procedures are utilized to ensure that individual 1
waste packages contain no pressurized vessels.
4.4.?
Documented procedures or policies are utilized to:
(a) exclude l1 explosive items, explosive compounds, or combinations of mate-rials capable of forming explosive compounds within a waste container or (b) ensure that (xplosive compounds are treated or diluted such that detonation is not possible, i
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DISCUSSION A vessel or waste container pressur12ed to greater than 7 psig is con o
sidered to be a pressurized vessel for the purposes of this criterlon, Vessels should be permanently vented if repressuritation above 7 psig o
could occur.
When permanent venting is not performed, the pressure inside the vessel should be reduced to ambient pressure at room temperature at the time of packaging.
t o This criterion is not intended to apply to trace amounts of chemical compounds that are used in explosive materials.
It is intended to apply to items or compounds which can actually detonate, including l
compounds which might form in the waste during storage if they are repable of detonating.
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4.5 [RITERION:
RADIOACTIVE MIXE0 WASTE TRU waste shall contain no hazardous wastes, unless they exist as co-1 contaminants with transuranics.
Waste packages co.1taining reactive materials shall be identified with the appropriate 00T label.
TRU-contaminated corro -
1 sive materials shall.be neutralized, rendered noncorrosive, or packaged in a manner to ensure container adequacy through the design lifetime.
Hazardous materials to te reported are listed in 40 CFR 261, Subparts C and D.
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.!NTENT lhe purposes for this criterion are:
(a) to ensure that operating per-sonnel are aware of potential hazards in the event of a waste container failure and (b) to preclude the possibility of container failure through the potential retrieval period because of attack by corrosive materials.
90NTROLLED PROPERTIES identification of hazardous and corrosive materials o
Form and packaging of hazardous and corrosive materials l
o o Waste package design 1
90MPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS 1
TRU waste will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
i 4.5.1 Documented procedures are utilized to ensure that hazardous j
materials (a) are not included in waste packages or (b) are y
chemically identified, quantified, and documented and waste packages are identified with the appropriate 001 label.
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4.5.2 There exist documented evidence or analyses showing, and docu-1 mented procedures are utilized to ensure, that all radioactive mixed TRU wastes are neutralized or packaged as follows:
(a) the corrosive material is treated to remove its corrosive character, or (b) the corrosive material is packaged to ensure package integrity through the retrieval period, as specified under the Waste Containers Criterion.
4.5.3 The types and quantitles of hazardous waste characteristics are l1 j
listed in the data package.
OISCUSSION Experience has shown that wastes with a pH of less than 4.0 may com-o promise package integrity.
Such wastes shall be treated or packaged to ensure package integrity through the package design life, Corrosive materials "otherwise rendered noncorrosive' must be iden-o tified by code, found in 40 CFR 261, Subparts C and 0, or otherwise 1
identified, and entered into the data package (see 5.9).
Chemically incompatible substances should not be packaged in the same o
container.
Administrative controls shall be established to minimize the amount of o
hazardous material contaminated with TRU radionuclides.
1 4-According to individual site conditions, it may be desirable to enhance o
corrosion protection (e.g., galvanize).
The use of corrosion-resistant liners is recommended.
5.0 WASTE PACKAGE REQUIREMENTS
5.1 CRITERION
WASTE PACKAGE WEIGHI i
CH TRU waste packages or package assemblies shall weigh no more than 25,000 pounds (11,360 kg).
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INTENT lhe purpose for this criterion is to prevent overloading of waste package handling equipment.
,CONTROLLF,0 PROPERTY o Waste package weight COMPl i ANC(_ REQUIREMENTS 1RU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following j
conditions are met:
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5.1.1 Each waste package or package assembly is weighed to ensure that the waste package weight does not exceed 25,000 pounds, lhe actual weight shall be documented.
5.1.2 1he weight of each' package shall not exceed the weight for which the container has been certified in accordance with 49 CFR 173.463 l
standards for Type A packaging.
i OISCUSSION 1
Waste packages which must be repackaged or overpacked must meet the o
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weight limitation.
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i The measured weight of each waste package is to be included on the l1 o
package label and within the data package, o Weste packages e lch n % %
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5.2 CRITERION
NUCLEAR CRITICALITY The fissile or fissionable isotope content of individual CH TRU waste l
containers shall be no greater than the following values, in Pu 239 fissile gram equivalents:
3 200 g per 55-gallon (0.21 m ) drum i
3 100 g per 30-gallon (0.11 m ) drum 500 g per 00T 6M container l1 5 g per ft3 (0.028 m ) in boxes, up to 350 g maximum 3
For materials other than Pu-239, U-235, and U-233 which shall be treated as equivalent, fissile equivalents shall be obtained using ANS I /ANS -8.15-1981.
INTENT The purpose for this criterion is to prevent the occurrence of a criticality incident within a waste package or package array.
CONTROLLEO PROPERTY Pu-239 fissile gram equivalent material conter' of the waste package i
o COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS TRU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following I
conditions are met:
5.2.1 There exist documented analyses showing criticality safety for waste packages and arrays thereof, using containers not listed l :
in the criterion and with a fissile isotope content exceeding 3
5 g/ft.
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5.2.2 Documented procedures are utilized (a) for the assay of waste packages, and the results of these assays showing compliance with the criterion are documented for each waste package or (b) for controlling loading of contents into the waste package, y
l 015(Q511,Q1 Assay may consist of direct measurement on waste packages, sampling o
and analyses of package contents.
Assay information is to be included as part of the data package, and o
stated in terms of Pu 239 fissile gram equivalent values.
I Control of loading contents into the waste package is administrative.
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Additional criticality analyses showing equivalent safety to the WIPP o
(reference WIPP 00E -069) shall be submitted to WIPP for approval to i
j ship packages which do not clearly meet this criterion.
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The shipper must comply with 001 regulations.
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5.3 [RITER10N:
Pu-239 E0VIVALENT ACTIVITY Waste packages shall not exceed 1,000 Ci of Pu-239 equivalent activity (PE-Ci).
INTENT _
The purpose of this criterion is to limit the impact of any potential release of radioactivity in the WIPP facility should an accident occur which involves breach of containers.
CONTR0llED PROPERTY Pu-239 equivalent activity content in any waste package o
GOMPLIANCE REOUTPEMENT 1
1RU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following condition is met:
5.3.1 There exist documented analyses showing each package nicets the above limit.
,0_I SCUSS ION Analyses may be based on the data output from the assay measurements o
The Pu-239 equivalent weighting factor is based on the maximum o
permissible concentration (mpc) from 00E Order 5480.l A, Chapter XI, Attachment XI-1, lable 1, for the limiting credible form (reference WI PP-00E -069).
lhe waste generator can determine the PE-Ci quantity by any of the o
following techniques:
Knowledge of the isotopic distribution and calculating the a.
PE-Ci quantity using the equation and factors given in WIPP-00E-069.
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Knowledge of the isotopic distribution of the waste stream and assaying the waste package to determine the total alpha-emitting radionuclide content and calculation of the PE-Ci value, i
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i 5.4 [RITERION:
SURFACE DOSE RATE 1
Waste packages shall have a maximum surface dose rate at any point no greater than 200 mrem /hr.
Neutron contributions of greater than 20 mrem /hr to the total package dose rate shall be reported separately in the data package.
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INTENT l
The purpose for this criterlon is to control the radiological exposure to operating personnel, i
?ONTROLLEO PROPERTY I
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o Surface radiation levels
. COMPLIANCE REQUIRENENT 1
1RU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following condition is met:
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i 5.4.1 Documented procedures are utilized for the measurement of surface dose rates Jr each type of container.
The results of these measurements showing compliance with the above criterion will be documented for each waste package.
Total surface dose rate and neutron contributions of greater than 20 mrem /hr to the total j
package dose rate shall be reported in the data package.
DISCUSSION I
The reported dose rate will be the maximum dose rate measured for the i
o package.
The total surface dose rate and neutron contribution greater than 3
o 20 mrem /hr are also to be recorded as part of the data packages, 1
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Weste placed in certified storage may have significant changes in o
radiation levels prior to the actual shipment to the WIPP.
Interim storage sites will need to check radiation levels prior to shipment to WIPP 45 part of a certification verification.
Changes in dose rates y
will require correction of the data package, i
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5.5 CRITERION
SURFACE CONTAMINATION 1
l CH 1RU waste packages or package assemblies shall have a removable surface contamination no greater than 50 picoeuries per 100 cm2 for alpha-emit tir.g isotopes and 450 picoeuries per 100 cm2 for beta-gamma-emitting isotopes.
JNTENT The purpose for this criterion is to limit radiological exposure to operating personnel and to reduce the potential for the contamination of the WIPP.
i 50NTROLLED PROPERTY o Surface contamination levels
?OMPLIANCE REOUIREMENT TRU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following j
condition is met:
5.5.1 Documented procedures are utilized for the measurement of surface contamination, and the results of these measurements showing compliance with the above criterion are documented.
f DISCUSSION The measurement of removable surface contamination will require the o
1 appropriate sampling of the external surface of a waste package such as dracribed by 49 CFR 173.443.
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o Waste package outer surfaces should be free of any substances that i
would interfere with normal surface contamination measurement methods.
Fixation of surface contamination shall not be allowed.
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l Possible contamination during certified storage will require the ship-o I
per to verify surface contarnination levels prior to shipment to the 1
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WIPP.
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i 5.6 CRIT.(RION:
THERMAL POWER Individual CH TRU waste packages in which the average thermal power den-3 sity exceeds 0.1 watt /ft3 (3.5 W/m ) shall have the thermal power recorded i
in the data package.
l JNTENT a
The purpose for this criterion is to control the thermal loading at the i
1 WIPP.
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,CONTROLLEO PROPERTY 4
o Identification of waste package thermal power i
j COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENT i
1RU waste packages will Comply with this criterion if the following j
condition is met:
l 5.6.1 There exist documented thermal power measurements or assay-based 1
calculations of thernal power for each waste package exceeding 3
0.1 watt /ft3 (3.5 W/m ).
l DISCUSSI0N 4
The thermal output must be listed in the data package if it exceeds o
3 0.1 watt /ft.
1 Each waste package must meet the requirements of 49 CFR 173.442 for o
i heat generation and temperature, i
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5.1 ? R I,T_ER ip0Nj,,G, A_$ GE NE R A T I ON Waste packages containing waste forms known or suspected of gas genera-tion, such that a combination of overpressure and explotive mixtures might damage the container in the long term, shall be provided with an appropriate method of pressure relief, lach THU waste shipper shall provide the following data for each waste package:
1.
Total activity (alpha Ci) 2.
Weste form description (f rom Certification Plan) 3.
Mass and volume percent of organic content For purposes of transportation and emplacement (short term), there will 1
be no mixtures of gases or vapors in any package which could, through any t
credible spontaneous increase of heat or pressure, or through an explosion, i
significantly reduce the effectiveness of the packaging.
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JNTENT l
t 1he purpose of this criterion is to prevent fires or explosions resulting i
from the accumulation of gases and/or pressurization of w.;;te containers.
1he objective of identifying gas generation parameters is to allow WIPP to calcu-late gas generation to assure gas generation rates are less than 10 moles per i
cubic meter of storage room volume per year.
[DNTROJ,l_CD PROPERTY Pressure relief of waste packages o
o Container design 32-
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COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS l
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TRU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met I
5.1.1 The descriptions of contents of the packages are included in the data package as to th. aste matrix, curie content, and mass and i
volume percent of organic content.
l 5.7.2 The TRU waste packages comply with the pressure relief 1
i requirements as specified.
i DISCUSSION i
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The shipper must determine and report the alpha-curie content, waste l 1 l o
matrix, and volume percent and mass of organic content in each waste I
package.
This may be done by assay, rer.ords, measurements, calcu-lations, or other acceptable means.
The data submitted by the shipper l
must be sufficient to allow verification of gas generation rates by
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others to ensure that the 10 moles per cubic meter of storage room volume per year is not exceeded.
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I Pressure relief of containers is required if they contain waste forms o
known or suspected of gas generation as defined in Crite6' ion 5.7.
filtered vents, vent clips, breathable gaskets, and hydrogen getters (recombination catalysts) are acceptable methods for minimizing I
container pressurization.
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Additionally, vents shall be instelled in such a manner as not to o
l degrade the waste package's ability to meet all applicable 001 l
shipping requirements.
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5.8 [RITER10N:. t. AB F LING 1
In addition to 001 labeling requirements, each Waste package shall be 1
uniquely identified by means of a label permanently attached in a conspicuous location.
The following information shall be included on the label:
Package identification number (to be standardized) in characters at o
least 1 inch high.
Weight in lb in characters at lease 1 inch high.
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I J N T E N_ T, i
lhe purpose for this criterion is to provide information to operating personnel, GO.!!T.RQLLED PROP 1RTIES o Durable labeling methods o Unique identification number f0MPL{ANCE REQUIREMENTS 1RU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
5.8.1 Documented procedures are utilized for identifying and correctly labeling individual waste packages with the data re(uired by the criterion.
5.8.2 Waste package labels can reasonably be expected to have a design life of at least 20 years from date of certification.
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5.8.3 the waste package is uniquely identified by an identification number.
The first part of this identification number will consist of a series of letters which identify the generating site, and the reealning part is made up of the package tarial number.
5.8.4 The unique identification number is in letters at least 1 inch 1
high and placed on the top of cylindrical containers or on all four sides and the top of rectangular contdiners.
Weight in Ib in letters at least 1 inch high must be placed under the l1 identification number.
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5.9 CRITERION
DATA PACKAGE / CERTIFICATION There shall be transmitted to the WIPP operator in advance of shipment, and a hard copy included with each waste package shipment, a Data Package /
Certification attesting to the fact that the waste package meets the require-l ments of these criteria.
This Data Package / Certification shall be based upon a quality assurance program subject to audit and verification and shall provide information on the items specified below:
o Package identification number Six-pack identification number (if applicable) o o Date of waste package certification 1
o llaste generation site Date of packaging (closure date) o Maximum surface dose rate in mrem /hr and neutron dose rate if greater o
than 20 mrem /hr 1
o Weight (in Kg) o Container type Physical description of waste form (content code) o Assay information, including PE-Ci, alpha-Ci, and Pu-239 fissile o
gram equivalent content 1
Radioactive mixed waste (identity and quantity of hazardous waste o
characteristic (s)) 1
Weight and volume percent of organic materials content o
Measured or calculated thermal power (if over 0.1 watt /f t )
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o Shipment number o Date of shipment o Vehicle number 1
o Vehicle type o TRUPAC1 number (s) o Carrier identification Unbalanced six-pack (if applicable) o Other information considered significant by the shipper o
A hard copy of the above Data Package and a dated certification statement that the waste content and packaging are in accordance with the WIPP-WAC, and i
the waste is unclassified shall accompany each shipment.
JNTENT The purpose for this criterion is to provide documentation on waste shipped to the WIPP.
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.CONTROLLEO PROPERTY l
Transmittal of required information prior to and accompanying each o
shipment
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COMPLIANCE RE0VIREMENTS TRU waste packages will comply with this criterion if the following conditions are met:
5.9.1 Documented procedures are utilized to ensure that the required information is obtained and transmitted for each waste package prior to shipment to WIPP.
5.9.2 The format for the data package meets WIPP 00E-IS7.
1 5.9.3 A designated individual representing the waste-generating facil-ity will review the appropriate records for each waste package in the shipment to ensure that the compliance requirements in this document have been followed. A dated, signed Certification of Compliance to this effect shall be iaaintained by the shipper's organization, and a copy shall accompany the shipment with the hard copy of the above data package.
l OISCUSSION The certification statement indicates that the waste package is in o
full compliance with the WIPP-WAC as defined in the site's approved Certification Plan.
For cases of delayed certification at interim storage sites, corrected areas of original noncompliance will be identified.
The date of shipment refers to either the actual or the expected date o
of shipment, t
A standard waste classification scheme is anticipated and will be used o
to describe the physical description of waste form.
Content codes developed by the shipper and approved by the WACC Certification 1
0 C;mmittee shall be used in lieu of physical descriptions.
Other physical Information, including neutron contributions greater than 1
20 mrem /hr to the surface dose rate, shall be included in the data package.
o Assay information will allow the calculation of PE-Ci, alpha-C1, and Pu-239 fissile gram equivalent.
o Any changes to radiation levels, type of container, or package weight that occur as a result of certified storage will require updating of the data package.
o If hazardous materials (as defined by 40 CFR 261) are present, infor-mation on such materials shall be included in the data package under hazardous materials sections.
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Other hazards requiring special consideration of the WIPP should be listed under other information.
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6.0 REFERENCES
1.
ANSI N14.6-1978, "American National Standard for Special Lif ting Devices for Shipping Containers Weighing 10,000 Pounds (4500 kg) or More for Nuclear Materials," February 15, 1978.
1 2.
SAND 81 -0141, "Development Report for Contact-Handled Waste Container and Handling System," Sandia National Laboratory, May 4
1981.1 1
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