ML20133E476
| ML20133E476 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 01/10/1997 |
| From: | Beverly Smith NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS) |
| To: | Charter J AFFILIATION NOT ASSIGNED |
| References | |
| SSD, NUDOCS 9701130048 | |
| Download: ML20133E476 (2) | |
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UNITED STATES l
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NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION 1
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20066-0001 l
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January 10, 1997 l
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j John T. Charter j
intomational Radiography & Inspection Services, Inc.
i 7620 Melrose Lane Oklahoma City, OK 73127 a
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Dear Mr. Charter:
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This letter is in response to your application dated October 1,1996, requesting registration of l
control cable housings and attached fittings. We are in the process of evaluating your request.
j However, in order to continue our evaluation, the following information is necessary:
1.
Do you plan on solling the control cable housings and attached fittings to other users of j
Amersam radiography cameras?
2.
Please provide a description of the end of the guide tube that does not attach to the radiography camera (i.e., the end not pictured in your application).
3.
Please verify that the control cable housings and attached fittings will only be used in the i
manner described and demonstrated in your application (i.e., always use the same type i
and number of components).
l 4.
In accordance with ANSI N432-1980, Section 6.1.6, your control cable housings and i
attached fittings must be subjected to the tensile and endurance tests. Please perform and provide a description of the results. However, in accordance with 10 CFR 34.20, an engineering analysis may be performed in lieu of testing to demonstrate the applicability j
of your control cable housing to that of similar radiography equipment that has passed l
the applicable tests. This position is fully described in NRC Information Notice 96-20,
" Demonstration of Associated Equipment Cornpliance with 10 CFR 34.20." This l
Information Notice and 10 CFR 34.20 are enclosed.
l S.
It is recommended that a unique identification label or marking be attached to the control cable housing. With the control cable housing labeled or marked, one can easily identify a manufacturer's equipment and can ascertain whether it meets the requirements as committed to in the registration certificate. Typicallabels or markings consists of a manufacturer's name or trademark. Please provide a copy of the suggested wording or form of identification on the label or marking.
i 6.
What is the maximum length of controls that you plan to use with the Amersham 660B and 680B radiography cameras. Currently, these cameras are only approved for up to 50 foot lengths. If larger lengths are used, then the endurance test must be performed on the entire system. This is due to additional frictional forces and other stresses which would be imposed on the radiography components potentially causing premature failure of the components related to safety.
9701130048 970110 PDR RC SSD PDR
1 January 10. 1997 7.
Due to the poor quality of the reproduced copy of the manufacturer's information included in your application, please provide a clearer cut away picture of the control cable housing. In addition, please include a more detailed list of the materials of construction of the control cable housing. If possible, submit a small sample of the control housing to aid in our review.
Please provide the requested information within 30 days, if you have any questions, please contact me at (301) 415-5723 or Mr. Tom Rich at (301) 415 7893.
Sincerely,
/S/
Brian W. Smith, Health Physicist Sealed Source Safety Section Medical, Academic, and Commercial Use Safety Branch Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety Office of Nuclear Material Safety And Safeguards
Enclosures:
As stated.
Distribution:
69 SSSS r/f SSD-96-102 NE01 DOCUMENT NAME: C:\\96 FILES \\SSSS\\lRISDEF.LTR To receive e copy of this document, Indicate in the boa:
'C' = Copy without attachment / enclosure "E' = Copy with attechment/ enclosure
'N" = No copy OFFICE SSSS
/jj l6 SSSS C
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l NAME Brian Smith Tom Rich 9 ut DATE 01(11/97 01/oq/97 OFFICIAL RECORD COPY
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l30005
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UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY AND SAFEGUARDS l
WASHINGTON, D.C.
20555 April 4, 1996 NRC INFORMATION NOTICE 96-20: DEMONSTRATION OF ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT COMPLIANCE WITH 10 CFR 34.20 Addressees All industrial radiography licensees and radiography equipment manufacturers.
Purpose The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission is issuing this information notice to inform radiography licensees of acceptable methods to demonstrate that their associated equipment used in radiographic operations meets the regulations in 10 C 9 34.20.
It is expected that recipients will review the information for applicability to their facilities and consider appropriate actions.
- However, this information notice does not contain any new requirements; therefore, no specific action nor written response is required.
Qncription of Circumstances Section 34.20 of 10 CFR Part 34 specifies performance requirements for radiography equipment.
Paragraph (d) of 10 CFR 34.20 provided that all newly manufactured radiographic exposure devices and associated equipment (manufactured after January 10, 1992) acquired by NRC licensees must meet Section 34.20 requirements.
Paragraph (e) of 10 CFR 34.20 provides that all radiographic exposure oevices and associated equipment in use by NRC licensees after January 10, 1996, must comply with the requirements specified in 10 CFR 34.20. NRC amended the regulations in 10 CFR 34.20 to permit licensees to use an alternate value of torque for performance testing criteria and to allow licensees to use engineering analysis to demonstrate that a modest change in an already approved design is acceptable without the need to perform prototype testing. The changes were published in the Federal Reaister as a final rule on May 31, 1995.
NRC Information Notice (IN) 95-58:
"10 CFR 34.20; Final Effective Date,"
issued on December 18, 1995, to all radiography licensees, reminded licensees of the final effective date implementing the regulations in 10 CFR 34.20.
IN 95-58 also reminded licensees that associated equipment used with radiography cameras (i.e., source assemblies, drive cables, guide tubes, control tubes, source stops, etc.) were subject to 10 CFR 34.20 requirements.
IN 95-58 went l
on to explain that, previously, certain associated equipment had not been independently registered and/or evaluated by the NRC or the Agreement States (AS).
This includes drive cables, guide tubes, and source stops. Most new j
-9603290269 -
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ecifle licenses for applicant; arces In radiogra-(c) The applicant has established and $ 34.20 Perfortnance requirements for submits to the Commission satisfac. redlography equiprnent. a specino license tory written operating end emergency Equipment used in industrial radio-Jes in radlography procedures as described in 634.32; graphic operations must meet the fol-(d) The applicant has established and lowing minimum criteria: satisfies the gen-submits to the Commission a descrip-(a) Each radiographic exposure de-icifled in 530.33 of tion of its inspection program adequate vice and all associated equipment must to ensure that its radiagraphers and meet the requirementa specified in sill have an ade-radiographers' assistants follow the American National Standards Institute for training Commission's regulatory requirements N432-1980, " Radiological Safety for the adiographers' as-and the applicant's operating and Design and Construction of Apparatus i to the Commis-emergency procedures. The inspection for Gamma Radiography," (published escription of such program must: as NBS Handbook 136, issued January les the: (1) Include observation of the per-1981). This publication has been ap-formance of each radiographer and proved for incorpuration by reference (; radiographer's assistant during an ac-by the Director of the FEDERAL Rrn-ing; tual radiographic operation at in ter-1 sten in accordance with 5 U.S.C. x1 by the licensee vals not to exceed three months; 552(a). This publication may be pur-ographer's knowl-(2) Provide that, if a radiographer or chased from the Superintendent of ing of and ability a radiographer's assistant has not par-Documents U.S. Government Printing mmission regula-ticipated in a radiographic operation Office, Washington, DC 20402. Copies of equirements, and for more than three months since the the document are available for inspec-3mergency proce-last inspection, that individual's per-tion at the Nuclear Regulatory Com-
- and formance must be observed and r& mission library,11545 Rockville Pike, tribing its initial corded the next time the individual Rockville, Maryland. 20852 2738. A cvy
- radlographers in pa.rticipates in a radiographic oper-of the document is also on file at the in appendix A of ation; and Office of the FEDERAL REGISTER, 800 escription of and (3) include the retention of inspec-North Capitol Street NW., Suite 700,
) determine the tion records on the performance of Washington, DC 20408. ledge and under-radiographers or radiographers' assist-Engineering analyses may be submit-ibjects, the appil-ants for three years. ted by an applicant or licensco to dem-Individuals acting (e) The applicant submits a descrip-onstrate the applicability of previously be certified in ra-tion of its over-all organizational parformed testing on similar individual ugh the Certif1-structure pertaining to the radiogra-radiography equipment components. (ndustrial Radiog-phy program, including specified dele-Upon review, the Commission may find ety Personnel of gations of authority and responsibility this an acceptable alternative to actual ciety for Non-for operation of the program; and testing of the component pursuant to Inc. (ASNT-(f) The applicant who desires to con-the referenced standard. mencing duties as duct his own leak tests has established (b) In addition to the requirements April 18,1991. to adequate procedures to be followed in specified in paragraph (a) of this sec-val of an existing leak testing scaled sources, for possible tion, the following requirements apply 499 l l l e 9 34.20 10 CFR Ch.1 (1-1-96 Edition) Nuclear to radiographic exposure devices and (4) Each sealed source or source as-6 g 34.21 I associated equipment. sembly must have attached to it or en-i radio (1) Each radiographic exposure device graved in it, a durable, legible, visible stora must have attached to it by the user, a label with the words: "D ANG ER--RA-(a) Ra durable, legible, clearly visible label DIOACTIVE." The label must not measurin bearing the-(1) Chemical symbol and mass num-interfere with the safe operation of the from the ber of the radionuclide in the device; exposure device or associated equip-to any e ment. (11) Activity and the date on which shall has this actf vity was last measured; (5) The guide tube must have passed of 50 mil (iii) Model number and serfal number the crushing tests for the control tube inches fri of the sealed source; as specified in ANSI N432 and a kinking device. L (iv) Manufacturer of the sealed resistance test that closely approx 1-measudn mates the kinking forces likely to be inches fr (v) censee's name, address, r.nd encountered during use. {sj{ n a telephone number. (6) Ouide tubes must be used when sealed so (2) Radiographic exposure devices in. moving the source out of t.he device. sure dev' tended for use as Type B transport con. (7) An exposure head or similar de-level in e tainers must meet the applicable re-vice designed to prevent the source as-hour at a quirements of 10 CFR part 71, sembly from passing out of the end of (10) mill (3) Modification of any exposure de-the guide tube must be attached to the meter fre vices and ascoclated equipment is pro-outermost end of the guide tube during radiation hibited, unless the design of any re-radiographic operations. sealed a placement component, including (8) The guide tube exposure head con- "off") PO' source holder, source assembly, con-nection must be able to withstand the (b) Par trols or guide tubes would not com. promise the design safety features of tensile test for control units specified plies to in ANST N432. pdor to J (c) In ad'dition to the requirementa to specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of system for assudng that the source changers will nt be accidentally withdrawn this section, the following require-s of $34.20. ments apply to radiographic exposure from the changer when connecting or storage c devices and associated equipment that disc nnecting the drive cable to or i allow the source to be moved out of the from a source assembly. f30 FR 819 device for routine operation. (d) All newly manufactured radio-FR84 A (1) The coupling between the source graphic exposure devices and assocl-834.22 L assembly and the control cable must be sted equipment acquired by licensees sure designed in such a manner that the after January 10, 1992 must comply ands-source assembly will not become dis-with the requirementa of this section. (a) Fm connected if cranked outside the guide (e) All radiographic exposure devices vice shal tube. '"he coupling must be such that it and associated equipment in use after container canns be unintentionally disconnected January 10, 1996 must comply with the thorir.ed under normal and reasonably foresee-requirements of this section. sealed sc able abnormal conditions. (f) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a), tion. The (2) The device must automatically se-(d), and (e) of this section, equipment tainer sh cure the source assembly when it is used in industrial radiographic oper_ under ti cranked back into the fully shielded ations need not comply with section radlograr position within the device. This secur-8.9.2(c) of the Endurance Test in Amer-ant or as ing system may only be released by ican National Standards Institut.o I" means of a deliberate operation on the N 432-1980, if the prototype equirment ""E exposure device. (3) The outlet fittings, lock box, and has been tested using a torque value drive cable fittings on each radio-representative of the torque that an in-E* graphic exposure device must be dividual using the radiography equip. p) ( equipped with safety plugs or covers ment can realistically exert on the tai an which must be installed during storage lever or crankshaft of the drive mecha-lock or nism. and transportation to protect the signed to source assembly from water, mud, sand 155 FR 852. Jan.10,1990; 55 PR 2281, Jan. 23, dental rt or other foreign matter. 19J0. as amended at Co FR 28325. May 31,19951 from ita F 500 _3 Q 1 t ) s ii
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't ) A. *- t i l U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / Nabonal Bureau of Standard ' ~ f , y.. l ' '.:a l y r l ? l { L American National Standard N432; ~~i x [,k Radiological Safety for the j ~ V Design and Construction ..,.r (j, of Apparatus for 1 e N -(amma Radiography y a.: l [ j f, ) i t; f:~."p';,
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a .g s s 4:, l h t ' i. \\ e ,es, AMERICAN NAT!0NAL STANDARD N4321980 ~. $,.&z .a. % s ~ .p' 'A ,..h.' ,5,.* ,,1.*t }. g, -, '*a h',e pg*. ,' ', E d I f0 fd j]. I (1-1-96 Edition) Nuclear Regulatory Commission $R20 I, 34.32, 34.33, and license, an approved license application leakage and cortamination and sub-la deemed to include t.he option, for in-mits to the Commission a description
- alas information dividuals who are certified in radiat,lon of such procedures including:
its in addition to the control mun-safety through the ASNT-IRRSP, to (1) Instrumentation to be used, substitute ANST-IRRSP certification (2) Method of performing test, e.g., 2raph (a) of this in lieu of the described means to deter-points on equipment to bo smeared and nation collect. ion i control numbers mine a radiographer's knowledge and method of taking smear, and understanding of the subjects in (3) Pertinent experience of the person e approved are as $34.31(a)(1). (This paragraph does not who will perform the test. NRC-313R is ap., a rect the licensee's responsibility to (30 FR 8198, June 26,1965, as amended at 51 number 31N assure t, hat radiographers are proporly FR 21740, June 16,1986; $6 FR 11509, Mar.19, trained in accordance with 134,31(a)). 1991) (6) Means to be used by the licensee to determine the radiographer's assist-Subpart 8-Rodlation Safety
- lflC UC90$ing ant's knowledge and understanding of Requirement $
nents and abillt,y to comply with the operat-Ing and emergency procedures of the EQmruzwr CorrrnoL pecifle licenses for applicant; arces In radiogra-(c) The app!! cant has established and 53420 Performance requirements for submits to the Commission satisfao. radiogr4f : equipment. a specific license tory written operating and emergency Equipmm ased in indust, rial radio-
- es in radiography procedures as described in 134.32; graphic operations must ineet t,he fol-(d) The applicant, hau established and lowing minimum crit.eria:
satisfies the ten-submits to t,he Commission a descrip-(a) Each radiographic exposure de-scifled in $30.33 of tion ofits inspection program adequate vice and all associated equipment must to eneure that its radiographers and meet the requirements specified in aill have an ade-radiographers' assistants follow the American National Standards Instit.ute for training Commission's regulat,ory requirements N432-1980, " Radiological Safety for the adiographers' as-and the applicant's operating and Design and Construction of Apparatus a to the Cornmis-emergency procedures. The inspection for Gamma Radiography," (published escription of such program must: as NBS Handbook 136, issued January les the: (1) Include observation of the per-1981). This publication has been ap-formance of each radiographer and proved for incorporation by reference t; radiograpaer's assistant, during an ac-by t,he Director of t,he FEDERAL REo-ing; tual radiographic operation at inter-IsTER in accordance with 5 U.S.C. id by the licensee vals not to exceed three months; M2(a). This publication may be pur-ographer's knowl-(2) Provide that, if a radiographer or chased from the Superintendent of indt of and ability a radiographer's assistant, has not par-Documents, U.S. Government Printing mmission regula-ticipated in a radiographic operation Office, Washington, DC 20401 Copies of equirements, and for more t.han three months since the the document are avaliable for inspec-smergency proce-last inspection, that, individual's per-tion at the Nuclear Regulatory Com-
- and formance must. be observed and re-mission library,11M5 Rockville Pike,
- ribing it,s initial corded the next time the individual Rockville, Maryland,2085L2738. A cwy
' radiographers in participat es in a radiographic oper-of the document is also on file at the in appandix A of at,lon; and Office of the FEDERAL REGISTER, 800 escription of and (3) Incle,e the rotention of inspec-North Capitol Street NW., Suite 700, 3 deter nine the tion records on the performance of Washington, DC 20108. ledge and under-radiographers or radiographers' assist-Ervineering analyses may be submit-ibjects, the appli-ants for three years. ted by an applicant or licensee to dem-individuals acting be certified in ra-(e) The applicant submits a descrip-onstrate the applicabillt,y of previously tion of its over-all organizational performed testing on similar individual ugh t,he Certif!- structure pertaining t.o t,he radiogra-radiography equipment, component,s. 'ndustrial Radiog-phy program, including specified dele-Upon review, the Commission may find ety Personnel of gat.fons of authority and responsibility this an acceptable alternat,1ve t.o actua? ciety for Non* for operation of the program; and testing of the component pursuant to Inc. (ASNT-(f) The applicant who desires to con-the referenced standard. mencing dutles as duct his own leak tests has established (b) In addition to t,he requirements April 18,1991, to adequate procedures to be followed in specified in paragraph (a) of t,his sec-e.al of an existing leak t.esting sealed sources, for possible tion, the following requirements apply 499 l < s $ 34.20 10 CFR Ch.1 (1-1-96 Editiof0 Nuclear to radiographic exposure devices and (4) Each sealed source or source aa. I g s4.21 I associated equipment. sembly must have attached to it or en-I radio (1) Each radiographic exposure device graved in it, a durable, legible, visible stora must have attached to it by the user, a label with the words: "DANGEIt--RA-durable, legible, clearly visible label DIOACTIVE." The label must not measurin (a) Rs bearing the-Interfere with the safe operation of the from the (i) Chemical symbol and mass num-ber of the radionuclide in the device; exposure device or associated equip. to any e ment. (11) Activity and the date on which shall hav this r.ctivity was laet measured; (5) The guide tube must have passed of 50 mil (iii) Model number and serial number the crushing tests for the control tube inches fri of the sealed source, as specified in ANSI N432 and a kinking device. F (iv) Manufacturer of the sealed resistance test that closely approxi-measurin inches fr source; and mates the kinking forces likely to be position (v) Licensee's name, address, and encountered during use, telephone number. (6) Ouide tubes must be used when device, a sealed so' (2) Radiographic exposure devices in. moving the source out of the device. sure dev' tended for use as Type B transport con-(7) An exposure head or similar de-level in e tainers must meet the applicable re-vice designed to prevent the source as-hour at a quirements of 10 CPR part 71. sembly from passing out of the end of (10) mill (3) Modification of any exposure de-the guide tube must be attached to the meter fri vices and associated equipment is pro-outermost end of the guide tube during radiation hibited, unless the design of any re-radiographic operations, sealed a-placement component, including (8) The guide tube exposure head con-i "off") D0' source holder, source assembly, con-rection must be able to withstand the (b) Par trole or guide tubes would not com-promise the design safety features of tensile test for control units specifled p!!es to in ANSI N432. prior to J the system. (c) In addition to the requirements (9) Source changens must provide a 10, 1996 specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of system for assuring that the source f will not be accidentally withdrawn this section, the following require-ments apply to radiographic exposure from the changer when connecting or torage c devices and associated equipment that disconnecting the drive cable to or i allow the source to be moved out of the fr m a source assembly. g30 ya sig device for routine operation. (d) All newly manufactured radio-73 g,3 (1) The coup!!ng between the source graphic exposu.m devices and associ- $ 34.22 L assembly and the control cable must be ated equipment acquired by licensees sure designed in such a manner that the after January 10, 1992 must comply and s. source assembly will not become dis-with the requiremerta of this section. (a) Eac connected if cranked outside the guide (e) All radiographic exposure devices vice shal: tube. The coupling must be such that it and associated equipment in use after container cannuo be unintentionally disconnected January 10,1996 must comply with the thorized under normal and reasonably foresee-requirements of this section. sealed so able abnormal conditions. (f) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a), tion. The (2) The device must automatically se-(d), and (e) of this section, equipment tainer sh cure the source assembly when it is used in industrial radiographic oper-under ti cranked back into the fully shielded position within the device. This secur-ations need not comply wit.h section radiograr 8.9.2(c) of the Endurance Test in Amer-ant or as ing syst.em may only be released by ican National Standards Institute I" I means of a deliberate operation on the N432-1980, if the prototype equipment ""D exposure device. (3) The outlet fittings, lock box, and has been tested using a torque value "8"
- drive cable fittings on each radi* representative of the torque that an in-graphic exposure device must be dividual using the radiography equip-equipped with safety plugs or covers ment can realistically exert on the ta which must be installed during storage lever or crankshaft of the drive mecha-lock or nism.
and transportation to protect the signed to source assembly from water, mud, sand [55 FR 852, Jan.10.1990; SS VR 2281, Jan. 23, dental rt or other foreign matter. 1990. as amended at 60 FR 28325, May 31,19951 from its e 500
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t. ~)p o,, i s i <. u .f [ g [ i YiE i NBS HANDBOOK 136 )p \\ w#%,/ i k >..*f. j -p' ',. ' U.S DEPARTMENT 0F CONIMERCE / National Bureau f Standanf', s f. 'I () t, ]
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j jee: Desigri arid Constructi6n l 4 of Apparatus f6r l (t r,' c(famrha Radiography ,%e-2 re l y:, e s... l 8 I .y 1 .mr l j,[b . i /5 e, t i ~ i 3 3.. AMERICAN NAT!0NAL STANCARD N4321980 ?. j 4,as x,. ,...,+my. :.n.- sis.a,;ww;g.41.;. _ z..,g9 l '... o,,,, c i D ~ 7 Z 4 L.. _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _2Zyp. oivw American National Standard N432; Radiological Safety for the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Gamma Radiography i, T i American National Standards Institute i Subcommittee N43-3.5 1 i i i Under the sponsorship of the National Bureau of Standard., ) Washington, DC 20234 i 1 t Approved August 15. 1980 American National Standards institute New York, NY 10018 ANSI N432-1980 e ~... U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Philip M. Klutznick, Secretary Jordan J. Baruch, Assistant Secretary for Productivity, Technology and Innovation NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director issued January 1981 I i l l l i National Bureau of Standards Handbook 136 Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.). Handb. I M.19 pages (Jan.1981) CODEN: NBSAP l U.S. GOVEA?. MENT PRINTING OFFICE j WASHINGTON: 1981 l For sale by the Superia.wndent of Documents, U.S. Go+ei;.u.t Printins Of5ce, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $1.50 ( Add 25 percent for other than U.S. mailing) O ,__m__._ .y, ,_, 7 p American National Ster.hrd An American National Standard implies a consensus d those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state in their own advertising, promotion material, or on tags or labels, that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. CAUTION NOTICE. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action ] be taken to reaHirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than 5 years from the date of publicatior.. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute,1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018. iii i Foreword 'This forevrord is not a part of American National Standard N432, Radiological Safety for the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Gamma Radiography.) The subject of gamma radiography was discussed extensively during a meeting of Standards Committee N43 in November 1974. It was generally a;rreed that there was a need to initiate two projects in this area. One would be concerned with design of equipment and the other would consider the operation of equipment, including training and administrative responsibility. Work on the equipment standard began in 1975, with a draft ISO specification on apparatus for gamma radiography serving as a reference document. By December 1976, the l subcommittee had produced a draft standard for comment and discussion. The work was accelerated when the Nuclear Regulatory Commission published an advance notice of proposed rulemaking in March 1978 relating to safety design requirements for radiographic exposure devices. A final draft standard was mailed to members of the subcommittee in September 1978, along with a ballot that resulted in a consensus of approval. i Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They chould be sent to the American National Standards Institute,1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018. iv ~_ l Amuican National Standards Committee N43, on Eq *i.msnt for Non Medical Radiation Applications, which processed and approvd this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Elmer H. Eisenhower, Chairman (National Bureau of Standards) Oryankation Represented Name ofRepresentatin f American Chemical Society Edward E. Beauchamp l American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienista L1C Gordon M. Iodde American Crystallographic Association Stanley Block j American Federation of labor and Congress of Jack R. Suares l Industrial Organisations American Insurance Association John G. Pack American Iron and Steel Institute Anthony laMastra Wayne T. Brooks (Alt.) American Mutual"neurance Alliance 14cn D. Horowits 1homas F.1 -'- (Alt.) American Nuclear Society James E. McLaughlin W. E. Kreger (Alt.) American Public Health Association,Inc. Francis J. Bradley Jesse Lieberman (Alt.) American Society of Mechanical Engineers Herbert R. Isenburger American Society for Nondestructive Testing. Inc. John P. Battems Warren M. Holm ( Alt.) A:nerican Society for Testing and Materials Marvin M. Turkanis Jack Bystrom(Alt.) American Welding Society Edward L Criscuolo Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors Leonard Solon Richard lane (Alt.) Health Physics Society John H. Weiler Robert M. Ryan (Alt.) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Inc. Thomas R. Kohler Instrument Society of America H. L Cook, Jr. International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Paul R. Shoop National Bureau of Standards Elant H. Ilksenhower National Council on Radiation Protection and :.leasurements Carl B. Brasstrup National Electrical Manufacturers Association M. L. Jackson Underwriters' laboratories, Inc. Imrry S. Homa US. Nue)st Regulatory Commi sion Donovan A. Smith US. Department of the Air Force.Omce of the Surgeon General Captain David N. Wood L'!C Owen H. Kit *h (Alt.) US. Department of the Army,Omee of the Surgeon General Col. Robert T. Wang===aan Col. Tarea Nowomiwaky (Alt.) US. Department of the Navy Gene W. Hendris US. N:wt of Defense Satrak Der Boghesian Charles P. Merhib (Alt.) US. Department of Health and Human Services, Walter E. Gundsker Public Health Service Edwin A. Millar (Alt.) Individual Member John R. Dukan I l l V w w 7 I "-' r' = == w --s = w 1 d i Subcommittee N434.5, which had responsibility for developing this standard, consisted 4 of the following personnel: Robert J. Prest, Chairman (Tech / Ops) Stephen Boyko Automation Industries, Inc. K. Ray Fujimoto Health and Welfare, Canada Tom M. Gaines Industrial Nuclear Co. Joseph E. Gorrell Texas Dept. of Health Resoerces Anthony I4Mastra Bethlehem Steel Corp. l John McCormack Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. John J. Munro III Technical Operations, Inc. j Harry Richardson Nuclear Systems, Inc. ] Gary M. Ruainovich Bethlehe.n Steel Corp. Michael Santoro Automation Industries, Inc. Donovan Smith U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission John H. Weiler Offshore Power Systems i l I 4 I t i i 1 4 f i l ) Vi W ) I ~ r Contents i Page iv Foreword........ viii Abstract. l 1. Scope... } i 2. Definitions = i I i I 3. Classification. I 3.1 Handling Charac: eristics of Exposure Devices.; l i 2 3.2 Operational Characteristics of Exposure Devices ; 2 3.3 Operational Characteristim of Controls.................. 2 L Marking and Identification......... 2 l S. Design and Construction of Exposure Devices - 2 l 5.1 General Requirements................... 5.2 Additional Requirement for Class P Exposure Devices.,. 3 3 5.3 Additional Requirements for Class M Exposure Devices ...........~3 6. Design and Construction of Controls..... 3 6.1 General Requirements........ 4 6.2 Additional Requirement for Local Controls.. 4 7. Design and Construction of Source Assemblies....... 4 8. Tests.. 4 j 8.1 Shielding Efficiency Test; 5 l 8.2 Horizontal Shock Test:-- 5 8.3 Vertical Shock Tests.... 6 8.4 Accidental Drop Tests. 6 8.5 Kinking Test.......... 7 8.6 Crushing Test...................... g 8.7 Tensile Test for Controls - 8 8.8 Tensile Test for Source Assemblies.; 8 8.9 Endurance Test...... 9 Appendix A. Product Assurance.................................. 1 I l l 1 Abstract This standard applies to the design and construction of apparatus used for industrial gamma radiography which employs radioactive material as the energy Source. It establishes the criteria to be used in the proper design and construction of the various components t'o ensure a high degree of radiation safety at all times. This includes the classification and labeling criteria for the exposure device; and factors which should be considered in the design and construction of exposure devices, controls, and source assemblies. The testing pro-cedures and equipment for the various classifications of the exposure devices and source assemblies are detailed. Key words: Classification criteria; gamma radiography; national standard; performance testa; radiation source; safety standard. 1 l i l viii American National Standard Radiological Safety for the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Gamma Radiography 1. Scope source such as source guide tubes, exposure This standard provides guidance for persons responsible for the design and construction of Pmtotype. The initial manufactured unit J apparatus for industrial gamma radiography conforming in all vital characteristics to units using radioactive materials as the energy source. manufactured subsequently. It covers criteria for the design of new devices Scaled Sourre. Radioactive material and for qualifying prototypes to performance packaged in one or more capsules sealed to standards. prevent escape of the radioactive material. The capsule or capsules are essentially 2. Definitions ; transparent to the desired radiation. The definitions and terms contained in this Source Guide Ibbe (Conduit). A flexible or standard, or in other American National rigid tube for guiding the sealed source from Standards referred to in this document, are not the exposure device to the exposure head. intended to embrace all legitimate meanings of Source Assembly. A component to which the the terms. They are applicable only to the sealed source is affixed or in which the sealed subject treated in this standard. source is contained. The source assembly includes the sealed source. Capccity. The maximum activity in curies (becquerels) specified for a given radionuclide 3. Classification that may be contained m an exposure device. For the purposes of this standard, apparatus Collimator. A device used to limit the size, for gamma radiography is cimanified accortling to shape, and direction of the primary radiation handling and operational characteristics. beam. Contml A mechanism attached to an expo. 3.1 Handling Characteristics of Exposure sure device that, upon actuation, causes the Devices source to be exposed or retracted Controls may be operated either manually or by a Exposure devices are classified to one of three suitable source of power, categories according to their handling character. Exposure Droice. A shield in the form of a package demgned to contain and allow the 3.1.1 Class P: Portable Exposure controlled use of one or more sources for the Device. This is a device which is designed to be purpose of mairing radiographic exposures, caMed by one person. Exposure Head. A device which locates the 3.1.3 Class M: Mobile Exposure sealed source at the desired focal position. It Device. This is a device which is designed to be may be a separable unit or an integral part of moved by a suitable means provided for the a source guide tube. purpose, but is not portable. Gamma Radingmphy System. All componente necessary to make radiographic 3.1.3 Class F: Fixed Exposure exposures, including the exposure device, Device. This is a device which is designed to be source assembly, control, and other installed in a fixed location or with mobility components ammaciated with positioning the restricted to a particular working area. ~ l A m -,-+--~r-% +- -,. + - - - ~ g--, .y, yww y-
w 7--,m,,, -,. - - - - -
3.2 Operational Characteristles of Exposure number, the rated cepacity in c.uries (becquerelo. and radionuclide. If uranium is Devices employed as shielding, the device shall be so Eposure devices are classified to one of two marked and the mass of the uranium shown.
categories according to their operational charac-Exposure devices shall be marked with the mass teristics.
of the device without removable accessories.
Provision shall be made for the attachment of a 3.2.1 Type 1 Exposure Device. This is a plate bearing the following information:
device which allows the source to move out of the device to an essentially unshielded position.
A) Chemical symbol and mass number of Thus type of exposure device requires the use of the radionuclide a remote control and an exposure head, and may B) Activity and the date on which this use source guide tubes.
activity was measured C) Model number and serial number of the 3.2.2 Type 2 Exposure Device. This is a mied soue device which does not allow the soune to be re.
D) Manufacturer of sealed source moved from the device, but exposes the source by opening a shutter or moving the source to an exposed position within the device, allowing a 5.
Design and Construction of limited beam to emerge.
Exposure Devices 3.3 Operational Characteristics of Controls An exposure device shall be designed and constructed to conform to the requirements Controls are classified to one of two categories below for its class and type. The general require-according to their operational characteristics.
ments apply to all classes and types.
3.3.1 Type R: Remote Control. This is a 5.1 General Requirements control which allows actuation of the source assembly from a position remote from the expo-5.1.1 Design Considerations. Exposure sum device. This type of control may be used on devices shall be designed with due regard for the either Type 1 or Type 2 exposure devices.
conditions which may be encountered during 3J.2 Type L: Local Control. This is a f contml which allows actuation of the source
- a. h durability and resistance to assembly at the location of the exposure device.
corrosion of components and their surface This type of control may be used only on Type 2 finishes, particularly where the functioning of controls or moving parts may be afected exposure devices.
- b. h need to minimise entry of water,
""d' **"d* "' *** '* "'8"
'"*"*' I"'
4.
Marking and Identification controh, or moving parts.
- c. The ease with which the apparatus may 4.1 Exposure devices shall be marked with the k saMy cleaned.
basic ionising radiation symbol, complying with /
- d. The eNects of temperatures that raay be ANSI N2.11969 and 10CFR20.203. The trefoil
'"*""I*
l syaibol shall be mesenta on yellow background h
y. M en d of and not less than 25 mm m diameter. The expo.
radiation on any insterials in close proximity to sure device shall also bear the words " Caution the sealed sum.
R4-tive Material" in letters not less than 10 f
- f. The provision of appropriate accessories mm in height. The trefoil symbol and this designed for the secure ruounting of the expo.
lettering shall be embossed, etched, engraved, or sum device or exposum W b dMemnt otherwise impressed upon the surface so that it conditions of use
]
remains legible should the paint or coloring be loosening or loss could cause hazards.
4.2 The marking of the device shall also show 5.1.1.1 When depleted uraniumis usedas the the manufacturer's name, model number, serial shielding material of an exposure device, it shal 2
n-,-,n-m--
e..
..s be clad or encased with a material of sufficient by hand. inandles shall be of such construction
- thickness to prevent abrasion of the uranium and secured to the device in such a manner that aad contain any prodinets of corrosion of the failure wd dropping of the container is uranium, if the cladding is liable to react with prevented. Handles or other attachment points the depleted uranium at elevated temperatures, shall be suitable for hoisting.
then the uranium shall be given a suitable surface treatment to inhibit this effect.
5.3 Additional Requirements for Class M Exposure Devices 5.1.2 Locks Class M exposure devices shall incorporate, or 5.1.2.1 The exposure device shall have a be adaptable to, a means for mobility, such as lock which is not easily removable by unautho~
wheels, and shall be fitted with an rized personal.
immobilization device. Mobile devices shall also 5.1.2.2 When the exposure device is locked
- be equipped with a means for hoisting.
it shall not be possible to remove the source assembly from the exposure device or to move the shielding so as to expose the sealed source.
5.1.2.3 It shall not be possible to unlock the exposure device with an easily avaihble
- 6. Design and Construction of Controls substitute for the key.
5.1.2.4 It shall not be possible to operate A control shall be designed and constructed to the lock unless the source assembly is in the conform to the requirements below for its class.
fully shielded position.
The general requirements apply to all classes.
5.1.2.5 It shall not be possible to remove the wuree assembly through the back of the ex.
6.1 General Requirements posure device even when the exposure device is unlocked.
6.1.1 Controls shall be designed such that they cannot be removed unless the source j
5.1.3 Connections. The exposure device ssembly is to the stored position OR removal of shall be equipped with means for secure the control shall cause the source assembly to attachment of the control and source guide tube.
return to the stored position.
If the connections for the control and guide tube are similar, ' erroneous interchange shall not,
6.1.2 Controls shall be clearly marked to result in exposure of the sealed source.
indicate the direction of control movement to expose or retract the source.
5.1.4 Tests. A prototype exposure device shall be subjseted tc the test conditions applica-6.1.3 Controls using a dri a cable shall have ble to its class as delineated in table 5.1.
a stop on the cable to prevent loss of control and disengagement of the cable from the drive. if the TAsia 5.t control incorporates a device to indicate drive cable travel distance, there shall be means of Secuan Test P
M F
adjusting the "zero" position.
8.1 ShioWing Emciency X
X X
6.1.4 The control shall not allow exposure of the source if the control is not properly Shoc X
connected to the source assembly and exposure 8.4 Accidsetal Drop X
X 8.9 Endurance X
X X
device.
6.l.5 Controls operating with liquid, gas, or vacuum shall incorporate means of determining 5.2 Additional Requirement for Class P system leaks and severance.
Exposure Devices 6.1.6 A prototype control shall be subjected Class P exposure devices shall be equipped to the test conditions applicable to its class as with a handle or handles which permit carrying delineated in table 6.1.
3 i
Tau 6.1 8.1 Shielding Efficiency Test Section Test R
L 8.1.1 General. The shielding efliciency test requires demonstration that the exposure 8.5 Kinking X
device, when containing a source with activity sh8 g
X equal to the maximum rated capacity of the T
device, does not produce radiation levels in 89 Endorse X
X excess of the values of table 8.1. The shielding efficiency test is to be performed with the source I eked in the stored position within the device.
6.2 Additional Requirement for Local Controls Local controls shall be designed such that an operator can operate the control and remain 8.1.2 Procedure. Remove all accessories outside the emergent beam of radiation.
and perform the test on the exposure device with the source locked in the stored position and with storage plugs or caps installed if such closures are utilized.
With an appropriate radionuclide source of 7.
Design and Construction of Source known activity (see Notes) examine the entire surface of the container to deter:nine that the Assemblies maximum radiation levels given in table 8.1 are not exceeded in any direction.
Source assemblies shall be designed and The measurement of an exposure rate at 50 constructed to conform to the requirements mm from the surface shall be averaged over an i
l listed below.
area of 10 cm' with no linear dimension greater than 5 cm.
7.1 The source capsule shall be designed and The measurement of an exposure rate at I m tested to the applicable requirements of ANSI from the surface shall be averaged over an area N542, Sealed Radioactive Sources, Classification.
of 100 cm' with no linear dimension greater than 20 cm.
7.2 The attachment of the source capsule to the in the case of a Class F exposure device, the source assembly and the attachments of the "posure rates in any position inaccessible to source connector and stop ball to the source parts of the operator,a body need not be assembly (if applicable) shall be designed to with.
measured.
stand a tensile load of 890 N.
7.3 Prototypes of et arce assemblies shall be Note 1 The activity of the source shall be subjected to the test conditions as delineated in determined by measuring its output at 1 m and table 7.1.
expressing its activity in curies (becquerels)
TAsM 7.1 derived frOm the following values:
Section Test
- Iridium: 0.48 R/hG @ l m (0.93 aA/kg-Bq @ l m)
- Cobalt:
1.30 R/hG @ l m (2.52 aA/kg Bq @ l m) 8.8 Tensite mCesium: 0.32 R/h-Ci @ l m (0.62 aA/kg Bq @ l m) 8.9 Endurance 22* Radium: 0.82 R/hG @ l m (1.60 aA/kg Bq @ l m)
For other radionuclides, the value determined by a qualified organization should be used.
8.
Tests Exposure devices, controls, and source Note f The activity of the source used in the assemblies shall be subjected to the applicable test shall be chosen such that a valid extrapola.
tests as required in tables 5.1 and 6.1, and in tion can be made. The extrapolation should not section 7.3.
exceed a factor of 10.
4
]
l TAsts 8.t. Maximum Esposure Rate 50 mm from 1 m from EXPOSURE j
DEWCE Class At surface surface surfaca P
200 mR/h or 50 mR/h 2 mR/h 50 mm -
-7 l
1103 nA/kg) 13.6 nA/kg)
(0.1 nA/kgt I
WOmm M
200 mR/h or 100 mR/h 5 mR/h
\\
l
()(3 nA/kg)
(7.2 nA/kg) 40.4 nA/kg)
N
,,j,,,
n
[l U
~
F 200 mR/h or 100 mR/h 10 mH/h (113 nA/kg)
(7.2 nA/kg)
(0.7 nA/kg) 300mm h 9
i lo s MASS l
OF EXPOSURE DEvlCE I
8.2 Horizontal Shock Test Ficuns 8.1 Horimtalshock test 8.2.1 General. The horizontal shock test requires demonstration that the exposure device will withstand the horizontal impacts it is likely 8.3 Vertical Shock Tests to experience during use. The exposure device and integral safety features shall remain opera.
8.3.1 General. The vertical shock tests tional abr the test and shall experience no loss require demonstration that the exposure device of shielding integrity.
will withstand the vertical impacts it is likely to experience during use. Class P exposure devices j
shall be subjected to the tests of section 8.3.2.
j Class M exposure devices shall be subjected to l
8.2.2 Equipment. The target shall consist of the tests of section 8.3.3.
the flat vertical face of a 50 mm diameter steel The exposure device and integral safety l
' bar, 300 mm long, lying horizontally, which is features shall remain operational abr the test I
fixed or welded to a rigid mass at least 10 times and the device shall experience no loss of the mass of the exposure device.
shielding integrity.
The suspension device shall not cause The testa shall be performed on the exposure undesirable rotation of the container around a device with all accessories removed, with the
{
I vertical axis when it is suspended.
source assembly locked in the stoi.xi position and with storage plugs or cape installed if such closures are utilized.
l 8.2J Procedure. Remove all a-maries and perform t.he test on the exposure device 8.3.2 Vertical Shock Test for Class P Devices with the source assembly locked in the stored position and with storage plugs or caps installed 8.3.2.1 Equipment. The rigid target (for if such closures are utilised.
example steel, concrete, or solid timber) shall Select the fragile areas on the exposure have a mass at least 10 times that of the expo-device. Suspend the exposure device from fixed sure device and a flat horizontal surface covered points so placed that, when at rest, one of the with a sheet of 7 or 9 ply (25 mm thick) fir fragile areas just touches the target.
plywood or equivalent.
Move the exposure device from its resting 8.3.2.2 Procedure. From its normal position until the altitude of its center of gravity' carrying position, let the exposure device fall increases by 100 mm, then let it swing in a 100 times from a height of 150 mm onto the rigid pendulum moverwnt against the target.
target.
Repeat these shocks 20 times on each of the The test may be carried out either manually l
areas of the device regarded as fragile.
or with the aid of a suitable mechanical device.
l m,
The tests shall be perf rmed on the exposure LEPOSURE DEvtt--.
'i>wice.er.'.L s :ctustu:ies removed, with~ the.
UW in the stored position murt a w.ub1 j"]~~ ~ ~ h[,,,,,.
au/ val somem ping ur caps installed if such Pt.vwo00 ~ s PI'*um m uJim (This test may be t
pMurmd ung a au r ce assembly which does N Y M.
- m. r-'/ ////'['///
'/
h'gfp$gg nr* mdair. radtuattive material.)
/
DEVICE
=
E985 ikera for Drop 1, the target Y Of P
Ficuar 8.2 Vertwo!,Ax4 sest fla,e M shall u.i:sist of s (M horizontal surface of such character ist acq.:ncrea6e in its resistance to
' WP acemmi of Me.fmation upon impact by the l
Vertical Shock Test for Class M Devices container nould not significantly increase the 8.3.3 damage to the container.
8.3.3.1 Equipment. % step shall have a One example of a target of this type is a steel height of 150 mm with a rigid edge such that it P ate on the upper surface of a block of concrete l
will not be distorted during the test.
of mass at least 10 times that of any specimen to 8.3.3.2 Procedure. Allow the er;,caure be dropped onto it. The block should be set on device, on its trolley or other equipment firm soil and the steel plate on its upper surface provided for mobility, moving at a speof of at should be at least 12.5 mm thick.
least 1 m/s, to drop freely down the step.
For Drop 2, the target shall consist of the Repeat the test 100 times.
upper end of a solid mild steel bar of circular cross section,150 mm 15 mm in diameter with i
edges rounded to a radius of not more than 6 mm. The target shall be at least 200 mm long exposunt otvice
$cyg and of sufficient length to cause maximum C
s=/s damage. The target shall be rigidly mounted on im io y n f neo o the target for Drop 1, and its axis shall be per.
pendicular to the Drop 1 target plane.
I
~ ~~~"'l
/' NE
)
3 gl L>
8.4.3 Procedure--Drop 1.
Allow the espo.
r-e
'[j
/// //////
sure device to free. fall onto the target in such an attitude as to suffer the marimum damage h height of fall measused from the lowest
-isomm srt, point of the exposure device to the upper surface ricuna s 3 v,rtwat.Acca tat (cia., e of the target shall be 9 m.
8.4.4 Procedure-- Drop 2. Allow the expo.
8.4 Accidental Drop Tests sure device to free. fall onto the target in such an attitude as to suffer the==vimum damage.
8.4.1 General % accidental drop tests h height of fall measured from the intended require demonstration that the exposure device point of impact of the exposure device to the will withstand hypothetical accident conditions upper surface of the target shall be 1 m.
without exposing the source. N esposure device does not need to be operational after the 8.5 Kinking Test 8.5.1 General. The kinking test requires tests.
At the conclusion of each drop test, the demonstration that the control cable will with.
shielding efficiency shall be sufficient to maintain the exterr ' radiation exposure rate at stand conditions it is likely to experience during not more than 1000 mR/h G2 nA/kg) at 1 m use. % control cable shall remain operational from the external surface of the exposure device after the test.
when containing a source with an activity equal 8.5.3 Procedure. Arrange the remote to the maximum rated capacity of the device, control cable and sheath (s) rectilinearly on a and the integrity of the sealed source shall be plane horizontal surface. Secure one end of the maintained.
6
l -
i
~
l sheath (s) so that it does not move in any way 8.6 Crushing Test
~ during the test. With the sheath make a loop 500 mm in radius on the horizontal surface. Pull 8.6.1 Gaceral. The crushing test requires I
the free end of the sheath (s), without allowing it demonstration that the control unit will remain to rotate, along the axis of its original line at a perational after being impacted by the heel of a speed of 2.0 m/o until the loop has disappeared walking man.
and until the sheath (s) has regained its 8.6.2 Equipment. The plane horizontal test Nidine8f position.
surface shall be of mass 150 kg and sufTiciently Repeat this test 10 times at each of 10 hard not to be deformed by the steel punch equidistant points over the length of the sheath applied without the presence of the object to be or sheaths tested, each point being the origin of tested.
the loop.
The steel punch, called a heel, shall be of mass Tms uno sgcungo 15 kg divided equally between the heel and the arm, with the arm having a uniform cross 2m/$
section as shown in figure 8.5 adequately rigid for the test, with the crank axle horizontal.
=
I 8.6.3 Procedure. Place the heel at a point gooo,,,
on the sheath. By lifting the punch, raise the bottom of the heel 300 mm. Drop the punch in a free swinging movement. Repeat this test 10 times on randomly selected points of the sheath, J
mw -
f one of which shall be made at a joint if there is Flouns 8.4 Kinking test D,mensens in m,tlimetras 0
0 e
/
o
/
70 S
Amis horizontal
/,
n ri : edge russi 2 mm p&@
'2 : com,r rodii 5 mm N
l l m
H
[ -,,,
if
-i
~ n
\\\\\\\\~,~\\\\\\\\\\
l Ficuar 8.5 Ch4shing test l
7
- ~. -. - - -. -. -. -. _. _ - -..
8.7 Tensile Test for Controls system will remain operational after 20,000.
O
' 7.1 General. The tensile test requires dem.
onsttation that the control will remain opera.
8.9.2 Equipment. A device shall be used for tional after experiencing tensile loads likely to automatically actuating the apparatus, be applied during use.
according to the manufacturer's instructions:
8.7.2 Procedure. Attach the remote control (a) by moving any manually operated lever to the exposure device and secure the exposure on the apparatus from one extreme position to device so that it does not move during the test.
the other in I s.
To the fmal position of the remote control apply (b) by rotating any manually operated a tensile load of 500 N for 30 s. Repeat this test crankshaft at a speed of I r/s minimum.
(c) when no overload clutch is built into the 10 times.
apparatus, by exerting a torque of 500L N m in.
Secure the remote control so that it does not stantaneously to the lever or crankshaft at both move during the test. Lock the control lever, for extremities ofits normal movement, where L is example the crank, in relation to the the length, in meters, of the lever or crankshaft; mechanism. Apply a force of 1000 N for 10 s to or when an overload clutch is built into the the end portion of the remote control cable which links with the source assembly. Repeat apparatus, by exerting a torque, equivalent to the highest transmissible to the apparatus by this test 10 times.
the built in clutch, instantaneously to the lever 8.8 Tensile Test for Source Assemblies or crankshaft at both extremities of its normal movement. During this test, the overload clutch 8.8.1 General. The tensile test requires dem-is suitably locked in the engaged position.
onstration that the source assembly will maintain its integrity after experiencing tensile 8.9.3 Procedure. Connect the automatic loads likely to be applied during use.
testing device to the fully equipped system.
Check that the movement speeds and 8.8.2 Procedure. Apply a tensile load of 890 instantaneous extremity torques are adjusted.
N for 30 s to each of the following attachments Place the exposure container in such a way (if applicable).
h I4 that any remote control cable fitted with its source holder is approximately in a straight line.
Sealed Source to Source Assembly Fit the source gmde tube of the largest Stop Ball to Source Assembly diameter and maximum length specified by the Source Assembly Connector to Source Assembly manufacturer of the apparatus and attach the Connect the drive cable to the source assembly.
exposure head. Place this casing in a horizontal Secure the source cagule and apply a tensile line.
load of 890 N to the drive cable for 30 s.
Perform 20,000 operation cycles of the gamma radiography system.
8.9 Endurance Test At the conchtsion of this test, perform the tensile test of section 8.8 on the source assernbly 8.9.1 General. The endurance test requires and drive cable used for the endurance test.
demonstration that the gamma radiography 8
Appendix A Product Assurance (This appendix is not a part of N432, Radiological Safety for the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Gamma Radiography.)
AI. General A Product Assurance program is essential in both the design and manufbure of l
radioisotope exposure devices. Each manufacturer of such devices should develop a Quality program appropriate to the complexity and quantity of devices being designed and manufac.
tured. A recommended basic program follows.
A2. Design Control A2.1 The designated Quality Assurance Group should provide to a designer those various regulations, standards, etc., that the proposed design must meet. This may be done in the form of lists or charts, which provide the designer guidelines from which to develop the device in accordance with regulatory and standards requirements.
A2.2 Prior to prototype mar ufacture, the designated Quality Assurance Group should review preliminary woning drawings and proposed production specifications, including material specifications, to assure that the rcquirements of pertinent regulations, standards, l
etc., have been incorporated in the design. This review should be recorded as a design verifi.
cation and serve as the basis or authority to continue the design sequence or stop and rework the design.
A2.3 A complete set of records, verifying design calculations (shielding),
mechanical / electrical operating characteristics, equipment lifetimes, radionuclides to be used in the device, capacity (in curies) of the device, proposed operating characteristics, proposed maintenance requirements, etc., shculd be permanently maintained.
A3. Prototype Testing A3.1 All new exposure devices and accessory equipment designs should undergo a proto.
type test by the manufacturer.
A3.2 The prototype test should include those tests that may be required to meet the regulatory or standards requirements.
A3J A detailed record of the prototype test parameters, and the results of each individual test should be preserved and maintained for the life of the product.
A3.4 Prototype tests should be conducted by qualified personnel, and all test results should be documented and certified.
A4. Manufacturing Control A4.1 Exposure devices must be fabricated to an engineering drawing and an appropriate
~
set of specifications, which includes a bill of material.
A4.2 The engmeering drawing and specifications must list all pertinent dimensions, mawrial specifications, tolerances, in. process testing, and required fabrication techniques.
9 l
r-
A4.3 An assembly work order, or travelet, should be trai+Ned for each exposure device or "let" of devices to be manufactured at one time. The work order should include all pertinent fabrication records such as materials used, fabrication techniques and processes, l
and in process inspection and tests performed.
A4.4 Equipment and Procedures. The manufacturer should have written procedures for welding, nondestructive testing, heat treating, destructive tests, and other inspections performed on the product.
l A4.5 Personnel Qualification. The manufacturer should only use personnel who have been appropriately trained and qualified to perform the various fabrication or inspection techniques.
A4.6 Materials Control. All incoming material and components should be receipt inspected to assure they adequately meet the requirements of the specification or drawing.
l The materials control program should provide traceability of major components of the assembly such as vendor. fabricated shields, jock boxes, drive assemblies, drive motors, gear boxes, etc.
A4.7 Product Conformance A 4.7.1 The manufacturer should establish acceptance criteria for each model or style of device manufactured. The acceptance criteria should include manufacturing / workmanship levels of acceptance, in addition to tests or inspections that assure that the production device is built according to engineering specifications and performa equivalent to the proto-type.
A4.7.2 Items which are nonconforming and fail to meet the acceptance criteria should be identified and segregated. A procedure for performing rework to bring the item back into conformance should be established.
A5. Product Assurance Manual A5.1 A Product Assurance Manual should be developed and maintained by each manufac.
turer of gamma radiography systems. The manual should contain proceduas or reference procedures covering each facet of the Quality Program. Areas that should be covered are:
Nondestructive Tet.ing Procedure, Nonconforming Items Control, Equipment Calibration, Quality Organization and Policy, Internal Audita, Welding Procedures, Fabrication Procedures, Personnel Qualification Procedures, Materials Selection, and Control l
Procedures.
A5.1 All personnel involved in the manufacture of gamma radiography symms should have ready access to the Product Assurance Manual.
1 10 l
u s.ii m....
.e, u.s. on,v. or commi '
- 1. rueucATioN oR REPORT No.
E[E NhYggg%jg, h I
NBS Handbook 135 HEET
'NIeYiYan*YaNo'nalStandardN432,RadiologicalSafetyfor January 1981 1
j the Design and Construction of Apparatus for Ganina Radio.
i l
graphy I
'8. Performeng organ. Report No.
- 7. AUTHoRIS)
Countttee N43; E.H. Eisenhower, Chairman
- 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADORES $
N ATioMAl. SuREAU of $TANDARD$
l DEVARTMENT of COMMERCE IFA$NINGToN, DC 20234 1
- 12. $PoN$oRING ORGANIZATION NAME AND CossPLETE ADORES $(ss, e, car,, sr.s., s,p)
- 13. Type of Raport & Period Covered Final Same as item 9 i
l
.........15. $UPPL.EAsENTARY NOTES l
O Docr-M desentes a rmeer program; $F.185, FIPS Software Summaary, is attached.- ~ - ~~ ~ ~ ~'~
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This standard applies to the design and construction of apparatus used for r
I industrial gansna radiography which employs radioactive material as the energy j
It establishes the criteria to be used in the proper design and con-struction of the various components to ensure a high degree of radiation safety at source.
This includes the classification and labeling criteria for the exposure 1
all times.
device; and factors which should be considered in the design and construction of exposure devices, controls, and source assemblies. The testing procedures and equipment for the various classifications of the exposure devices and source assemblies are detailed.
- 17. nE v sonos r...
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"Oas.,.. 3sification criteria; gasuna radiography; national standard; performance tests; radiation source; safety standard
- 19. SECURITV CLA$s 21.No.OF
- 14. AVAILABLITY O Unheited (THt$ REPORT)
PRINTED PAGES 19 O ro, official Dtstrthution. Do teot Ret.aee to MTIS W
FIED
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,,, c ueco +oc qu.s. GovtanutNT P R i ss f l N A 0FFICfs 1981 34o*997/1903