ML20126B391
| ML20126B391 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | La Crosse File:Dairyland Power Cooperative icon.png |
| Issue date: | 12/21/1979 |
| From: | Goldman H, Schwarz P, Zeiders R ALLIS-CHALMERS CORP. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20126B389 | List: |
| References | |
| VER-0209, VER-209, NUDOCS 8003120329 | |
| Download: ML20126B391 (150) | |
Text
. . _ .. _ __ .. - . . _ __ . _ . ._
-O A-C 12/17/79 .
VER-0209 !
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1 Test Report'on an Allis-Chalmers .,
6" STREAMSEAL' Butterfly Valve in Air concerning Nuclear Containment Isolation Valves i l
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( Contents Item Page No.
Introduction 1 Summary 1 Test Procedure 2 Measured Variables 4 Torque Calculations 5 C'alculating Torque Values for Field Applications 6 Test Results 7 Conclusions 8 Schematic of Test Installation 10 Curve Plots Appendix I Tabulated Data Photographs - Streamseal BFV Appendix II Schematics Appendix III BFV Test Orientation Drawings Appendix IV Strain Gage location on shafting Os -
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Introduction:
) The purpose of this program was to observe and document the performance of an Allis-Chalmers Streamseal 6" Butterfly Valve. The testing performed was under specified air pressure conditions, to determine torque coefficients applicable to this type of valve. The test program is intended to serve as a model for larger valves manufactured by Allis-Chalmers, presently installed in various installations around the country. The coefficients thus developed by the testing method may then be applied to the larger on-site valves to determine the required actuator capacity under dynamic conditions, and to determine shaft stress levels.
The test procedure was designed to obtain data concerning four areas of. investigation:
i
- 1. Valve closure rate versus time under dynamic conditions.
IE: Constant or variable closure rate.
- 2. Flow direction through valve. How valvo performance and shaft torques are affected by flow direction, & AP across the valve. What effects the change in pressure across the valve has on performance, and if actual conditions conform to prior published performance data for valve sizing.
3.
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s-The effect of the piping system on the valve installations, How the existence of piping, elbows, sudden enlargements, affects valve performance, closure times and shaft stresses.
- 4. The effect of valve disc and shaft orientation to the fluid mixture egressing from the containment.
Summary:
The information contained within this report is the result of a series of test runs performed on an Allis-Chalmers 6" Streamseal Butterfly Valve, in response to utility inquiries regarding various valves installed in Nuclear Power plants.
With the information contained herein, an accurate assessment of a given Allis-Chalmers butterfly design in isolation containment service may be obtained within the range of specified inlet pressures. The uppermost concern in this analysis is the determination that both valve actuator and shaft size are adequate l to perform as required during pressure conditions specified by the utility. A series of tests were performed over a range of inlet pressures from 60 psig to 10 psig. Through data collection and calculation, a tabulation of torque coefficients '
(CT ) was obtained, that enabled prediction of valve torques for the same pressure conditions, for any size Allis-Chalmers I butterfly valve of the same disc thickness / diameter ratio and of similar design. Application of the C value will yield a
.I h maximum applied shaft torque and will allow comparison of
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maximum allowable shaft torques and actuator capacities under specified inlet conditions.
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Procedure:
The procedure outlined below describes the testing and evaluation of one Allis-Chalmers Streamseal Butterfly Valve, equipped with a Limitorque Electric Motor Actuator Model No. H0BC/SMC-04 with a minimum rated output of 150 ft-lbs.
at 5.2 seconds for 90 degrees rotation. The valve was tested by mounting it in-the blow-down stack of the Low Pressure Turbulence Tunnel installation located at NASA Facility Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. All data was collected by monitoring incoming signals transmitted to equipment located in the adjacent tunnel control room.
Testing consisted of data gathering with the valve secured in two mounting installations, various valve positions relative to the elbow centerline, and with three types of valve configurations incorporating distinct disc thick-ness ratios. Refer to Figs. 7&8 for comparative thickness. This approach allowed study of valve performance under various expected mounting profiles, to obtain the maximum amount of information within the capacity of ;he test facility.
The procedure intended to present the valve with similar conditions as experienced by valves installed in the actual facilities. As variations in performance for butterfly
. valves are known to be affected by valve mounting configuration,
\- valve position in the line, and disc thickness, the valve ,
was mounted in a series of positions relative to the air stream as outlined below:
A. Elbow in/ pipe out installation
- 1. Flat I Tce Upstream
- a. Shaft in plane with elbow
- b. Shaft 90* out of plane of elbow
- 2. Curved Face Upstream
- a. Shaft in plane
- b. Shaft 90* out of plane The above series of test positions were performed for the standard full thickness disc. For 6-20" BFV'c all 150 lb. rated t/d=.29.. Two thinner t/d ratios (t/d=.17, and t/da.12) represent alternate valve constructions as dictated by the pressure rating of the full-scale valves installed in the field, for valves above 20" dia.
()j An elbow inlet / pipe outlet installation was dictated by the physical constraints of the test area (See Fig. No. A ),
and by cognizance that certain installations would present piping configurations less than an ideal straight pipe in/
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3-straight pipe out arrangement. Therefore it was considered
]fa w appropriate for purposes of the test program that an elbow f lilet installation represented a worse-case situation, thereby i
_') covering most conditions expected to be experienced in the field. .
I EIt is known that different torque behavior will be experienced
! by.the valve, as a function of disc angle of attack to the flowstream, with an elbow inlet installation, due to flow separation as the fluid curves about the inner radius of the elbow. In addition to' changes in torque characteristics relating to flow separation near elbow, the flow through an elbow will require an acceleration of the fluid on the outside radius in an attempt to keep pace with the fluid on the inside radius.
This effect causes a velocity difference across the cross section n of the elbow, and hence a pressure difference occurs in the elbow.
Alsopthis! test:prograncconfirmedethattarhigheratorqueiwillibe f 9Henced: by;t'he2 valve;?fai:fingpe (bodf seaffdownstream) Tis upst' r y eam side of~theMowshiiifFw
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The forces on the valve shEffing wer_e minimized when the flat n}-
(body seat upstream) face of the disc was installed upstream, along with the shafts inplane with the elbow radius. See Figs 9& 10. An offset disc exhibits the above characteristics due tb '
the assymetry of profile that the disc presents to the flowstream.
Unlike a lens type disc with a symmetrical profile and consequent unidirectional torsional loading, an offset disc will apply a distinctly positive or negative rotational loading to the shaft depending on whether the disc geometry presented to the flowstream
.will be the curved side of the disc upstream (body seat downstream) or the flat side upstream (body seat upstream) . This effect will
( '
tend to make the disc attempt to close in the case of the curved
' side being upstream, or conversely tends to open with the flat face upstream. Torque coefficients generated from this data will exhibit a positive sign when the valve tends to close, and a negative sign when the valve tends to open. See Figs. 9 & 11.
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3 The testing procedure consisted of obtaining a maximum pressure level of 60 psig with the tunnel pressurization system, opening the tunnel shut-off valve, (See Fig. A ) and subjecting the~ test valve to tunnel pressure with the test valve disc in the open position (90').
While the test valve was under pressure conditions, a series of three open to close cycles were performed. The valve was then returned to the open position, and the tunnel pressure allow to decay to the next 10 psig pressure increment, where the i triple cycling was again performed. In this manner the valve
- was tested, while recording data, until tunnel pressure had decayed to below 10 psig. A series of data plots were obtained i'
for each pressure level. For each disc thickness and shaft / elbow plane relationship, a test number was assigned.
Disc thickness is expressed as a t/d ratio meaning the ratio of the disc thickness to the disc diameter. This expression then i
, identifies a particular profile that a disc would present to the
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flowstream11n.the wide open position. The test number identified valve disc geometry and method of valve installation (See Addendum I)
E
) From this' data, a shaft torque for a given AP was calculated for a'given inlet pressure, and therefore a corresponding C for the condition-was in this manner.. obtained. 'All three disc ration were tesIed
4 k Measured Variables:
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Five variables pertaining to shaft torque calculation were measured and recorded during the testing prvcess. (Refer to Appendix # I for typical examples of recorded data). The initial variable of interest was the pressure drop across the valve, therefore an upstream pressure variable PT1,and a downstream pressure variable P were recorded. For both. pressure variables, stati 2 and velocity head (total line pressure) (expressed mathematically N
Pressure P=Pg +pv , where Pg = static
. 79 5- pressure and p V_2 = dynamic pressure 2g {
or velocity head were measured. Points of pickup were at the extreme upstream end of the elbow flange for upstream pressure
, P and midway along the length (5 diameters) of exit pipe for dbw,nstream pressure P 2 Pressure pick-up was by means of double orifice totaling pitot tubes (Prandtl type) leading to strain-gage diaphragm type pressure transducers located sufficient distance from the point of pickup to minimize distortion I due to system vibration.
S Secondly, torque measurement as a function of flow velocity (or !
valve disc angle) was a requirement. Therefore strain gages of good commercial quality were mounted on the shafts in an area {
between the valve disc and the valve actuator. The strain gauges were connected in a temperature compensated wheatstone bridge network to the strip chart recorder amplifier, calibrated to j obtain.microstrain readings corresponding to a unit torsional deflection of 420 microstrain per inch of chart recorder deflection, f By previous calculation, it was determined that for 304 stainless '
steel with a torsional yield strengtb of 15000 pai, a maximum permissable torsional deflection of 615 microstrain could be obtained before exceeding the theoretical yield limit. The 615 microstrain correspond to a chart recorder excursion of 1.5 inches, and in no test case was that value exceeded. The 615 microstrain value is a constant for all shafting diameters, and was approached only with the smallest necked down shaft diameter (1/2"). Necking the shaft was required in this small size valve, so as to accomodate '
the smaller t/d ratios investigated in the test program within the physical limitations of the valve body and disc. In all cases however, even with the greatest pressure drop (AP) across the valve, and therefore the highest velocities influencing torsional loading on the disc / shaft assembly, no excessive torque conditions were experienced. This effect can therefore apply l indirectly to larger valves with larger shaft diameters as l it expresses itself as a change in magnitude of the final calculated l'),) C value. The microstrain relationship is expressed in terms of the applied torque, IE: E= T ; where E g n RJ
l 5
,) E = microstrain (inches x 10-6)
T = in-lbs.
E g = Torsional modulus for stainless steel = 12x10 6 psi R = Shaft Radius in inches.
Solving for torqua yields: T= .393 E D ; where the shaft l diameter D is expressed in feet; and the value of E may be determined by reading the microstrain plot.
Thirdly, a temperature probe was connected just downstream of the Pt pressure pickup to enable temperature readings in 'F to be recorded. It was felt that recording temperature during valve cycling would be pertinent, if it became necessary to calculate mass flow across the valve for any given pressure drop. Therefore the fourth channel (T) was recorded and is noted in the data listings (See Fig. A ).
Fourth, a position potentiometer, as an integral part of the motor actuator, was connected to the recorder amplifier, and a plot of 90* open to close, valve disc rotation was recorded.
This plot enabled a relationship between position versus the other measured variables to be recorded, thereby tying together all variables as an expression of disc angle. It then becomes O9'3 a relatively simple task to read pressure drop, torsional
) loading and temperature change as a function of position angle.
Torque Calculations:
The standard formula for applied dynamic torque for butterfly valves:
T
- d" T* *
- where: T = Dynamic value torque in ft-lbs.
C T = Torque coefficient determined from test data.
AP = Total pressure drop measured acorss valve (psi).
D = Valve bore diameter (ft.)
Valve torque coefficients (C )T were c mpute by solving the above formula for CT , and by utilizing test data for valves of T ft lbs.) and AP (psi). Therefore, C values for the 6" Skre(amseal valve may be expressed: T C = Ta =
8Td EQ. 2.
36P F (1 )
O.y Therefore, by utilizing C values calculated from test data, and plugging in appropriaIe pressure and dimensional values in 6/1264
-n-s 6
[ EQ. 1 an.accurat's value for the dynamic torque for a known pressure drop may be obtained. Pressure drops used in 3 '
calculating torque in a specific application may be obtained from the test data as long as inlet prassure corresponds
.with the inlet pressure of the valve in question. ,
1 To obtain total dynamic torque in a specific instance, bearing . torque (T h ) must also be considered. Although not a big factor at high values of inlet pressure (P I is begins to figure significantly for low values of T1' inljt pressure, and may even become the dominating factor for low inlet pressure values. Bearing torques are to be considered in light of disc behavior under pressure conditions ;
in a.given application. Depending on disc orientation in the line, bearing torque will be subtractive as a function of the disc tending to close (+C or additive if the disc tends to open (-C ) under flow c$n)ditions.
T Bearing torque is calculated thus:
2 Tb = 4.71 x D x d x f x AP where: T = Bearing torque (ft-lbs.)
b D = Valve dia (ft.) I d = Shaft dia. (in.)
'f = Friction Coefficient (.12 for bronze) l AP = Pressure drop (psi)
Total torque applied to the shaft therefore is the algebraic sum of the dynamic torque plus the bearing torque. 'I .is torque value is the quantity required to overcome forces operating on both.the valve disc and the shaft. The total torque required to move the disc against a given inlet pressure is a function ,
of a number of variables operating simultaneously: Disc Angle, Pressure Drop, Disc Geometry (t/d ratio), Shaft Diameter, Shaft Disc orientation relative to upstream piping components, and degree of pressure recovery downstream of the valve. Pressure recovery downstream of the valve was' determined during testing, as presenting a less severe loading to the disc structure than the methods employed in this program, and therefore was not included as it was considered that.the methods employed presented a worst case situation to applications encountered in the field.
Calculating Torque Values for Field Applications:
Procedure for calculating torque values for larger valves Ref to Appendix 1 .
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- 1. Determine t/d ratio for valve Disc Thickness (in.)
Disc Diameter (in.) l l
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k-) 2. Select appropriate Test No. based on:
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a.) t/d ratio e b.) Valve Shaft Position.
c.) Curved or Flat Upstream Disc Face.
- 3. Determine maximum AP across valve.
- 4. Select appropriate plot based on AP above.
- 5. Determine C values for disc angles.
T
- 6. . Apply torque formula: T * ' "# 8 ""9 ""
d" T*
2
- 7. Calculate Bearing Torque:
disc angle. Tb = 4.71xD xdx6P b fr ah NOTE: AP = Pressure drop noted on curve plot data b sheet for each disc angle.
- 8. Obtain total torques for each disc angle.
- 9. Refer to AWWA Std. C504 for maximum operating shaft torques.
- 10. Determine' operator output torques for each disc angle.
} In comparing operator output torques to total dynamic valve torques, consideration should be given to both operator capacity and to maximum shaft capacity. In most cases, the governing variable will be the ability of the actuator to control the dynamic forces applied to the disc and chaft.
Test Results: ,
Valve inlet pressures for this series of tests were established at 75 psia (60.3 psig). Subsequently, readings were taken at 10 psig intervals, until 10 psig inlet pressure readings were obtained. Analysis of the data for the thickest disc (t/d=.29) subjected to these pressure conditions indicate that torques obtained from inlet pressures ranging from 60 psig to 10 psig, will fall well below the maximum rated torque of 100. '
ft. lbs. for the valve shaft. This indicates that larger valves based on this design may be expected to behave likewise. Torque characteristics observed under air flow conditions exhibited similar plot profiles as those previously published for water date, thereby verifying as valid the original design approach to the method of valve sizing.
Test results also indicate that a thicker disc will produce 6
a greater torsional loading on the shaft due to greater aerodynamic effects acting on the disc surface. The apparent
/~' . camber of the disc surface influences the magnitude of the liff rotational moment similar to the lift of an airfoil. Smaller t/d ratios exhibited less tendency for the disc to load the shaft under flow conditions. Disc face geometry will also
8
-greatly influence the torsional loading on the shaf t. Con-
'rL sistently lower torque values were observed with the flat face L ~ _( of the disc located on the upstream side (when closed) of
- i. the valve. Higher torques were observed when'the curved face ,
of.the disc was presented to the upstream flow..!As; expected, (peakttorquestwaresexpc ipaced,bytthe valveMinfallycases when gthaEvalve' achieved aW!angleCof;approximately;.70*'75* open, with thaishaftatorque; diminishing 3s; the; disc ; approached . 0
- open. -
Another consideration that must be taken into account in determining peak shaft torques, is the relative position of the shaft to the plane of an upstream fitting or elbow.
An increase in applied shaft torque was observed when the valve was mounted at 90' to the plane of the elbow on the inlet side. See Fig. 12. ,
As is characteristic of butterfly valves, the disc will <
exhibit a tendency to close or to open under flow conditions, ,
as mentioned above. gfathercurved i face'of 7 the7 valve ~ oi cu ~ '
fatf acingr upstream 1the-~Imlve will tADd tQiolole, J and. conversely ,
tAf ,,thelflat_ face is a upstream;the? valve ;will... tend .. to; open.
NIEh~the^lowdr't/d ratios, torque reversal will occur in most instances, especially for higher values of pressure drop. ;
C values generated calculation incorporating these torque '
figures will indicate the tendency for the valve to close by being positive (+) when tending to close, and negative (-) '
when tending to open. :
T Conclusions
)
The test program has demonstrated that torque characteristics i exhibited by the streamseal' butterfly valve are very dependent !
on a number of considerations. Initially, a determination of the location of the valve relative to upstream conditions i must be evaluated. The existence of an elbnw or other interference in flow direction, in the immeuiate upstream vicinity, will be a factor in determining Fie placement of ,
the shafts relative to the plane of the elbow. A reduction of shaft"torgue due to flow separation will be achieved by
~
placing the valve shaft centerlines in the same plane as the elbow radii.
Second, upstream facing disc geometry is important, as it too has a direct bearing on the intensity of the torque applied to the shaft. f, 6&pidenfacintr; upstream'will' apply 3a igreatsrW '
. tor J
$bs$que:tojclosetthesvalve;
""yypstream,. than}if the; flat; side;ofothe~'dWcTwore i
Third, as was previously known the t/d ratio influences the magnitude of the applied shaft torque, whereas the thicker thel disc cross section, the greater the aerodynamic effects ,
and consequent. increase in applied torque. The t/d ratio also i gives a clue-as to the relative shaft diameter. That becomes
- f} important when determining'the bearing torque, as a greater I#f '
shaft diameter necessitates a greater disc cross section.
Shaft diameters must be considered not only for the ability 1 to withstand dynamic. forces, but.must also be sized with respect :
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'( to static shear forces under full load _' shut-off conditions.
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~ Hence an ideal t/d ratio is one that optimizes the '
minimum aerodynamic effects of the disc' cross section to adequate
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shaft' diameters supporting both static and dynamic loads.
In consideration of the above, it is indicated that the
' worst case, with the highest applied shaft torque under any given pressure drop would be when the valve is close mounted to an elbow,.at right angles to the plane of the radius and installed with the curved side uptcream. Decreasing levels of shaft torque are indicated as each of the above parameters (Refer to Fig. 12) are changed or modified until the lowest level of shaft torque is attained when the shafts are in pl.ane to the elbow, and the flat side of the disc is_ facing upstream (Refer to Fig 9). Ehereforetarpertinent- -
& -=h tion: won 1* h=$to!:mountathetbutterfir valves-in quesii6E~as~ described in tthailattere came above whenever possible. A further conclusion can be made, that for a specific application accurate calculation of torques under existing conditions and recalculation of expected torques l when the conditions are modified can be effected by employing )
the data given by curve plot, tabulation and formulas given in this report. ,.,
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Appendix I
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STREAMSEAL 6" BFV Valve Tests Upstream Inlet Valve Valve Test # t/d Face Pressure Inst. Position Fig. No.
PSIA (Range) 21 .29 Flat 75-25 Pin / Pout In Plane 9 22 .29 Curved 7,5-25 Pin / Pout In Plane 11 23 .29 Curved 75-25 Pin / Pout 90" to RT. 12 24 .29 Flat 75-25 Pin / Pout 90* to RT. 10 25 .12 Flat 75-25 Pin / Pout In Plane 9 26 .12 Curved 75-25 Pin / Pout In Plane 11 27 .12 Curved 75-25 Pin / Pout 90' to RT. 12
- q 28 .12 Flat 75.4-25 Pin / Pout 90' to RT. 10
(> i V 29 .17 Flat 75-28 Pin / Pout In Plane 9 30 .17 Curved 75-28 Pin / Pout In Plane 11 31 .17 Curved 76.4-28 Pin / Pout 90* to RT. 12 32 .17 Flat 75.4-28 Pin / Pout 90' to RT. 10
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70 30 12 18 -33.0 -14.7 23.9
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..1 70 37.5 15.0 22.5 -39.6 -14.1 36.0 '
60 40.0 12.5- 27.5 -41.3 -12.0 38.1 l 50 43.0 9.0 34.0 -46.2 -10.9 38.7 40 46.0 6.5 39.5 -47.9 -9.7 .40.1
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- . 10' 49.0 2.5 46.5 -28.1 -4'.8 42.1 l 0 49.0 -1.5 47.5 -24.8 -4.2 42.1 e
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Open P y P AP T C Temp *F 2
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- Open P y P AP T C Temp 'F 2 D T 90 4 2.5 1.5 -6.6 -35.2 6.4 80 5 2.5 2.5 -11.6 -37.0 6.4 70 5 2.0 3.0 -6.6 -17.6 8.4 60 6 2.0 4.0 0 0 10.5 50 7.5 1.5 6.0 0 0 11.8 40 8 1.0 7.0 -3.3 -3.8 11.8 30 9 1.0 8.0 -1.7 -1.7 13.2 20 10 0.5 9.5 0 0 13.2 10 10 0.5 9.5 -3.3 -2.8 13.2 I O 10 0.5 9.5 -6.6 -5.6 13.2 i
( ) Test 24 P = 15 PSI 90 6 2.5 3.5 -16.5 -37.7 5.8 00 6 2.5 3.5 -13.3 -3.04 7.1 70 9 2.5 3.5 -5.0 -6.2 9.1 . I 60 10 2.0 8.0 -3.3 -3.3 11.8 l 50 11 1.0 10.0 -3.3 -2.6 12.5 40 12 1.0 11.0 -3.3 -2.4 13.2 30 12.5 0 12.5 -3.3 .-2,1 13.2 20 12.5 0 12.5 -3.3 -2.1 13.2 10 12.5 0 12.5 -3.3 -2,1 13.2 0 12.5 0 12.5 -3 3 -2.1 13.2 IO S V. 1 l 6/4773
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- Open P P 6P T C Temp 'F
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Test 24 P = 50 PSI 90 30.0 17.5 12.5 -49.5 -31.7 33.3 80 34.0 15.0 19.0 -47.9 -20.2 34.7 79 35.0 12.5 22.5 -42.9 -15.3 36.0 60 40.0 12.5 27.5 -39.6 -11.5 37.4 50 43.5 16.0 27.5 -42.9 -12.5 40.1 40 45.0 17.5 27.5 -42.9 -12.5 41.4 30 47.0 19.0 28.0 -33.0 -9.3 42.1 20 47.5 20.0 27.5 -28.0 -8.2 42.1 10 48.5 21.5 27.0 -29.7 -8.8 42.1 0 48.5 21.5 27.0 -33.0 -9.8 42.1
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.ALLil.CMAtmits Poen 47ts.1 Volveud4cJhicXness.fo o'4 meter.ratlo.:. . /2 Inl//s/ rpstream pmssem_:. /O'"! Va/re orienfo/ ion refl.F/ fore V . - . .
- To!fn epuof/*n .oaa' eoeN/c.enf .C . 7;?e =. Cr =.* O! x 4P . i
. tohere Taf-./s the cy' namic..bryn in.fcof pwnd.s.,_ Cr. 4 fAe.:forfee.
- Coeff/aient.,..04 the..yokodiomokr./se_ feet _.ana.' AA' 4.fbe.
tot's/ peessure drop ocros.r. Me_vs/renpsr. AP = A + M " -
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} q~ Test 25 p - 10 psi 90- 5 2.5 2.5 .69 2.21 8.4 80 4 2.5 1.5 2.75 14.67 9.1 70 6 2.5 3.5 3.44 7.86 11.8 60 7 2.5 4.5 2.75 4.89 13.2 50 8 1.5 6.5 1.38 1.70 15.2 40 9 1.0 8.0 .34 .34 16.5 30 10 1.0 9.0 .34 .30 17.2 1 20 10 0 10.0 .59 .47 17.2 I 10 10 0 10.0 .25 .20 17.2 l 1 0 10 0 10.0 -1.72 -1.38 17.2 l
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w /rare._7d-./.s /Ar, oy' nom /c..rtupe-.in.fwt pwno'.s ,_ Cr. 4.the.:r'wgre._ ! coeff/cArnt.,.. 0/.s theadre: d/ameke_/n feef._and_.4P /s. fke , fofol.peessure drop _across.fde_rs/reahr.ipsy..
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R$7 No. 25 ' atti m ai. m
._._ Valve dhe thicMness /o.d4 meter.rotto.:. ./2 _
- In//lo/_epsfresa preswre :. 20
- _. .. Vo/re orien/ofion. ret l. F/fum 9 '
.- Torfew epuof/on .ond. coeff/chnf : 7d" _^LCr.EDJ = 4P .-
Where 7d. /s fJe2 dynam/c. krype /n fcot._pwno'.s., Cy. 41*Ae. forfre _ i coeff/cirnt,..Dh theso/re.. d/ameke_/n_ feet' and_4P /s..fhe Yofd!p!esare deop octos.r. /de ro/re.u'eips r. ,. sp = (A + M
- A
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vs . T -
-'d
- Open P P AP T C Temp 'F 1: 2- D T 90 5.0 2.5 2.5 .69 2.21 5.1 80 6.0 2.5 3.5 3.09 7.06 8.4 70 9.0 2.0 7.0 3.44 3.93 11.1 H60 10.0 1.5 8.5 2.06 1.94 12.5 50' 11.0 1.0 10.0 1.03 .8 13.8 40 11.5 0.5 11.0 0 0 15.8 30 12.0 0 12.0 -1.03 .69 16.5 20 12.0 0 12.0 -1.38 .92 16.5 10 12.0 0 12.0 -1.38 .92 16.5 0 12.0 0 12.0 -2.06 -1.37 16.5 h Test 25 P T = 20 PSI 90 7.0 4.0 3.0 -1.03 -2.75 5.1
. 80 10.0 4.0 6.0 3.09 4.12 7.1 70 14.0 3.0 11.0 3.44 2.50 11.8 60 16.0 2.5 13.5 2.06 1.22 15.2
- 50. 17.5 2.0 15.5 1.47 .76 18.5 40 18.0 1.0 17.0 .34 .16 18.5 30 19.0 0.5 18.5 .34 .15 18.5 20 20.0 0 20.0 -2.06 .82 18.5 10 20.0 0 20.0 -1.03 .41 18.5 0 20.0 0 20.0 -2.36 .94 18.5 ehf a 6/5652
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4
- 4
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- Mr/ve di.ncJNcMness fo.dicarestre_rotto L /2 .
Zalth/ upstreom preswer.:.._ 30 "'! _.__ Vo/re.orien/ofion.rrf:. F/ pure V ,
.-. Torpow epu,wf/on .on d..coeff/cksf .' . 7d_*._ Cr.L.O! ~ AP ~
._ ..wh ere_TL./s the. dynom/c strywe./n.Aat_ pwno's., Cr..h the .farta Lef.f/eArnt ,..D.is.the nn/n.t er'/emerirr in_feef anel &c' is /. ek fo t!c/Lyreswer._ drop _ acros.rJAe_ys/rea'esps't. , , , ,
s p =. 93 _+_. g * -. ' ' ;'
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- In/fio/_epatreem. pressure.:. _ 40 S Va' /re or/en/ofion.ser; F/purtr 9 l
.-. Torfew _apuet/on a su d. coeff/cknf..J 7d" = Cr..w! x AP . . - - -
l
. Where Ta'_/.s the. dynamic Avyue /n fcot_ pwno'.s , Cr As the :forfee l Aceff/clenf , Dis.the rdeoa diomsfer.in_feaz' ona' 4P /.s fhe I fofc6pressver_ drop actre.r fde rs/re skysr. '
i '
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T , ; l*- p i Test 25' P T
=.30 PSI -
- 'st ;
- Open
-P y P AP, T **E 2- D T 90 .12.5 7.5 5.0 -9.28 -14.8 9.8 80 '14.0 6.5 7.5 .25 .27 10.5 i 70 22.0 5.5 16.5 2.41 1.17 17.2 i 60 25.0 4.5 20.5 1.38 .54 20.6 !
P 50 26.5 2.5 24.0 .69 .23 23.3 . e 40 29.0 1.5 27.5 . 69' .20 24.6 I 30 29.0 1.5 27.5 -1.72 .50 25.3
' i 20 29.0 1.5 27.5 -4.13 -1.20 25.3 i 10 29.0 1.5 27.! -5.16 -1.50 25.3 [
0 29.0 1.5 27.5 -2.06 .60 25.3 j Test 25 P = 40 PSIG T 1 . I 90 18 12 6 -14.8 -19.8 17.9 I 80 19 11 8 -3.7 -3.7 18.5 . 70 28 10 18 2.1 .91 21.9 l 60 33 7. 26 1.03 .32 30.0 50 36 4 32 .4 .1 32.0 40 38 . 2. 5 35.5 -1.03 .23 33.3 30 39 2 37 -1.2 .27 34.0 20 39 1 38 -6 -1.26 34.0 10 39 1 38 -8.25 .-l.73 34.0-1 9 4
. . - - m-m . - , - . - . . . . . . . - . . . . . - . .
conoma man A/r F/ow Tkets__. AfMM/Lony/cy fesaerch. CowNr._. Atw./ Dec.1973. s m f, o, 7 M Pet & Ha. etNAL O 'b A///s- Che/mers 4_"3fr1romsee/ Ber%ref/y Vo/nr Moe'e/.. 4= we u n.. .. u.. I 4..... catcutauo n p y, w t ENGINEEAING CALCULATION SHEET ! anis.ci.u m no. .m.i 7h".sf No. 25 j
- Ma a2.c.waxne.-1. dia- wr ratio.:. 12
... Zal//o/_ rpststrom pnessure_:.._ 50 '#__ Vo/re. orien/ofion ivt;. F/porte 9
--. Torrow .epswt/on ;ond coefficArnt :. Q-.". Cr ED'" aP
- -..-._.. whent R_/s fJr. dynamic . rbspw..in.fiet ~pouno's-, Cr.4 the. ?Wrer.-
.roeff/cArnt.,. D/s..the yoke.d/amske /njeef asra' .dP /s. f.ke.
fafe./ pressere.. drop acros.r /de rs/re.)kps'.r; '
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6 8 omo.n aan A/r Flow .77rsts AFAsq/Longley fe.serie)r. Cmkr.. Nov. / Dne.197.9. ,,.en 7 or 7 m ruu.. n~u
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. 4Where Id~ /s f4e cy' new/c.1%ryw.In wf* f .pouno'.s. ,_Cr. 4.1%e 7'ortre tooffleknf., Dh. t hr re're: d'iomskr.in fcer! ono'. .llP /3. .fhe fofonpreswee. o' rop ocros.r. fAe rs/reuin2psr., '
A P *..Es + W ~ _ f;,*)_\
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f
Test 25-T y = 60 PSIG P
.N Disc Angle P .P AP T ""E T T D T 5 6
.90 18- 12 6 -14.8 -19.8 17.9 90 19 11 8 -3.7 -3.7 18.5 70 - 28 10 18 2.1 .91- 21.9 60 33 7 26 1.03 .32 30.0 <
50 36 4 32 .4 .1 32.0 40 38 2.5 35.5 -1.03 .23 33.3-30 39 2 37 -1.2 ' .27 34.0 20 39 1 38 -6 -1.26 34.0 10 - 39 1 38 -8.25 -1.73 34.0 Test 25- P = 50 PSI 1 h),,,
.
- Open P P AP T C Temp *F D
90 24 16.5 7.5 -17.19 -18.34 30.7 80 26 14.5 11.5 -3.09 -2.15 32.0 l 70 37 13.5 23.5 2.06 .70 38.7 l 60 42 10.0 32.0 1.03 .26 42.1 1 50 44 6.5 37.5 -1.03 .22 45.5 l 40 47 3.5 43.5 -2.06 .38 45.5 30 48 2.0 46.0 -1.03 .18 45.5 20 48 1.0 47.0 -8.25 -1.40 45.5 10 48 1.0 47.0 -9.63 -1.64 45.5 0 48 1.0 47.0 -6.88 -1.17 45.5 a 6/124284
'\.
ewmase aan
' A/r.//ow 77rsts__.NR$4/Lary/ey fasearcJr_ Cornrr_. N w./ Dnr.197.9 s n, / o, 7 c, , u.. . . . ,A ' .4///s Cho/nrers.6". StreamseolouMerfA.s Vahte Moo'e/.
O-)s . ~ . ....u....... == L.u. .. a g. v ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET Poean 67ts.: Rst /VO. 26 . ALLIS.OeAun8H Valve.discJNcMness /*.d/smenre.rotto.:. /2 . Zal//oLopatreem pressure.:. /0 9 Vo' /re.orienfo/ ion. reg _ Fifere ll' Torynr ernt/on .ond,coefricient_:. 72 =L. Crx,0! ~ AP _ . . __. Where.-]2 /s fAe. dynom/c..stv3we /e.fbot. ponoro'.s ,_ Cy. Ar the.farfre_ coef.flaent.,... Dis the.ya'n. d/*merker /n feez' ond 42 /s_f,*e
= fafof-pressemr.. drop ocroasJAe_ys/re skysr. ' '
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ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET 7h"$7 /VO. 2G ALL15.CMALaf t$ FCGM ef t$ t Valee. dix.7'NeA' ness /o.d/omartrr rst/o.:. . /2
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~ Torrow ervot/onaan o'. caeff/cArnf..:. 7d_.* Cr.!.D! x AP 4WheM 7d"../.s.fhe. /ynom/c hsyww_/s.fcot ~poeno's.,_ Cr.Ar fAe. 7'artve- .-
Coeff/eArnt.,.. Dis the..ydre: o'iomekr_/n_f*eef_ena'_ AM /s ffre _.fotolpreswee..o' rop. across. i'Ae rs/re.u'erips r. Ap =ffi + M " m
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.. Disc Ang/e (*open)
1 e f Test 26 P T y = 10 PSI V:g3 o a i n d
- Open P 1
P AP T C Temp *F 2 D T 90 4.0 2.5 1.5 5.2 27.7 9.1 80 4.5 2.0 2.5 6.6 21.1 10.5 70 5.0 2.0 3.0 6.8 18.1 11.8 60 7.0 1.5 5.5 5.0 7.3 13.8 50 8.5 1.0 7.5 2.7 2.9 15.8 40 9.0 0.5 8.5 1.0 0.9 17.2 30 10.0 0 10.0 -0.6 -0.5 17.9 20 10.0 0 10.0 -0.6 -0.5 17.9 10 10.0 0 10.0 -0.8 -0.6 17.9 0 10.0 0 10.0 -2.1 -1.7 17.9 ; O l
) Test 26 P, = 15 PSI ,
'l I 1
O 5.0 3.0 2.0 7.0 28.0 6.4 80 5.5 2.5 3.0 8.5 22.7 7.8 70 8.0 2.5 5.5 8.3 12.1 11.8 60 9.5 2.0 7.5 6.0 6.4 13.8 50 11.0 1.5 9.5 3.5 2.9 15.8 40 12.0 1.0 11.0 1.0 0.7 16.5 30 12.0 1.0 11.0 -0.6 -0.4 17.2 20 12.0 0.5 11.5 -0.6 -0.4 17.2 10 12.5 0.5 12.0 -1.7 -1.1 17.2 0 12.5 0.5 12.0 3.3 -2.2 17.2
.s l-
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.-. Torrm.eput/sn sad coaArte.denf.L. 72.=. Cr.?_.O!" 41P ..
-. Where 7d../s fbe. dynom/c 1%yw.in.}iind. ~poswds.,_ Cr. As fAe. forfM. b confflesirst.,. Dis.fhw psm/re, s'immeArr./s.o r cef_cxd..dP /s.fhe __
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3 ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET
,p.
ALLIS.04ALat.$ Poem ets.t R.s? M. 26
-0/ve dine.fNc/ ness /* dismoke.rst/o.:. . /Z
-Int //o/ ppstusm. pre.csum.;__ 30 !* '$ %/ rep;,,f,/jo,p.g_ pifym //
--7bryw erswt/on .ono' c.coff/chnf_.:. 7d'-." CrM'" AP .
takeM._Td-./s /be dynam/c_7tvpew_/n./bef_=pwwd.s_,_ Cy. 4 the forfor_ CoeffleArnt., . Dis.. thw.. ydro t o'immeke in_feef_. cn o'_ 41P /.s .fhe to fel pressure..deop_ across.. /Ae_ yo/re.uyper. . A P = . A t Vi '
' ' (A +fS*. '
2f
'( Ef ,
1 I I l 4~ l I ) 0 I & 8
..y 9
F .
]D ' /
20 'I f ,/
... l 1 p , e/
/
I / _m ; _ t
/
l_ , 10
' /
. /
~
/ ~
I f _ . _P
* /
' ' __ jr
( ' ' _ #i e
' Mb O __
o e jg y . .
= ' ' 3: ~
1 ,. I 4 , 9 i _
.to
. _ , . _ . o 10 20 30 40 S0 60 70 80 90 N b"$l# #N . _ . _ _ _ . . _ .
. , . .. = . . ..
- I p- Test 26 P T 1-
= 20 PSI -
^
d-)
- Open P P AP 'T D T Temp F I
90 7.0 3.5 3.5 10.3 23.5 6.4 i 5 80 10.0 3.0 7.0 13.2 15.1 8.4
'70 13.5 3.0 10.5 11.1 8.5 11.8' l 60 15.5 =2.5 13.0. 8.5 5.2 15.8 50 18.0 2.0 16.0 .4. 7 2.3 17.9 !
40 19.0 1.5 17.5 1.2 0.5 18.5 l i 30 19.5 1.0 18.5 -1.0 -0.4 18.5
-) !
20 20.0 $0. 5 19.5 -1.2 -0.5 18.5 ; 10 20.0 0.5 19.5 -1.7 -0.7 18.5 I i 0 20.0 0.5 19.5 -3.5 -1.4 18.5. Test 26 P = 30 PSI
.) T 1 ,
90 12.5 7.5 5.0 14.9 23.8 11.8 80 16.0 7.5 8.5 16.1 15.2 13.8 70 22.0 7.0 15.0 12.8 6.8 18.5 60 25.0 3.5 21.5 9.9 3.7 22.6 4 50 27.5 3.0 24.5 5.6 1.8 23.9' , i 40 29.5 2.5 27.0 0.1 0.03 25.3 . 30 29.5 2.0 27.5 -0.2 -0.06 25.3 : 20 29.5 2.0 27.5 -2.5 -0.7 25.3 l 10 29.5 2.0 27.5 -2.1 -0.6 25.3 ! 0 29.5 2.0 27.5 -6.4 -1.9 25.3 .i
'i
.l k
'6/8095
j 6:UsttlMase carr-A/r_f/ow. 77tsts-. AFAM/Lowryley fesearc)r. Conkr . A% / Dar.197.9 - - wm f or j cr 7 mu.. . .. i 0 A///s Cho/mers.4 ". Strwomsoo/ .8co%rrf/y Vo/nr Moo'el l V] . esa==o ava a. ur . . u . .a.c mcuno se j g, v ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET
,o.
73=s7 A/ 0 . 24 ; atus.cnatom m.i ! Va/ve dise thicMassa fa a'/ometer rotto.L /2 '
._ Zalflo/ rpstreom.pntssww.1..jo ! Va/re.orienfo//en.ren. f/ fun? ll' -
- Toryw Arvoflomono'. coefficient _:. 72-.". Cr.ED! x AP -
tWhere D /s the./ynom/c .rtuyer /n.fwt pwno's.,_Cr. 4 fAe. forfre-. Coeff/cirnt, . Dis thw yo/rer d/emokr. /n. fee?L.ano'. 42 /s the fa/o/ presswe o' rop acros.s. the_vs/rea:onp.rt. AP
- alt M * " &_tg\ ' '
. ;2s asj ,
6 5
- s'" l ' g i '
l i so . --- !
' t t
.- . r .
s, , l
/ ,
n 20 ,r _: '
. . . % i t ,
/ - !
I
.- ,' h
/ '
i I /
}' lQ / [
i / . !
/
n c
.. /
,f -.
l /.
-p :
(
- i i ,f-a i ,
I
. y >
O ' ' , 7 i i
' ' i 4 '
O
% . Jg *
$ i _ ;
(sy . l 9 2 -- i
- 2. -4 '
- 20
-.--. O 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 _
_A/3C Angle (*epert)
.e .
e v
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- Air.)~low 77rsts__.NR$4/Laf ley fe. search Con &r._ Atw./ Dec.1971 ,,,,,, f ,7 4 34W9Cf PeeLim. PiasAL kll/U.* DelMer'9 b. $?MdMF&edl. B&Wy Vdm MWe/ . Daaw6*e4 seuaneet L,s y s,c goe U.S. A.= A.C CALCULAIIO tv ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET 7nst Ab. 24- 1 Attil 04AluteS P0tm 47t$.6 , _Vn/ve o'ine.%'cMness /o o'iomekt rotto.:., .12
-.Zalf/ol.rpstreom pressure _:.._Sff' ___Vo/re cr/esfofion.svt:. F/gune ll ;
-. ?~orrer erswf/en one' coeff/ chat :. 7d" ? Cr.LD' = 42_ .
- - . . Where 7"'../.e a fje: dynamic kryww. In.fwt pwnd.s., _Cr. 4 /Je . r'orree-coef.fleknf , .D4 the rdre.. o'emeks i /n feer.' ano' so /s_fke.
. fot'c/_ pressure o' rop across. /Ae.rs/rehkysr.. '
AP =. B + M * ) - - +g*_)\
' 29 / 23 , ,
l 6 l 1 ! -- i - r O-y AL D If 9 N xv g 20 M g Lv
- --- Ay M M-
_ % LN g, . . . 1 N 4 LY .. y A' g
- 10 r N
f f. A
. / *'
./
f (k v g R.# a a
' ^^
y ._ AV ' M 4 ._ o
- 10 y .
=
k
- 4 ~'~
-20 ,
0 10 20 30 40 So ho 70 go go _ _Oi3C Ang/e @OpdM) - -..
. . u-._ , -. . . - .
h Test"26 'P = 40 PSIG-T
~h 1
~
- open: P # C Temp 'F 1- 2 D T 90 18 12.5 5.5 18.57 27 19.9 ;
80 22 11 11 20.63 15 21.9 70 '28 10 18 16.51 7.34 25.9 ' 60 32.5 7.5- 25' 11.86 3.79 32.0 { 50- 35 5 30- 8.35 2.23 33.3 : 40 37.5 '2. 5 35 2.46 .56 34.0 i 30 38 2.0 36 -2.46 .55 34.7 i E 20 38 2.0 36 -2.46 .55 34.7 ; i 10 39' 1.0 -38 -4.13 .87 34.7 i
?
O '40 0 40 -8.25 -1.65 34.7 ; Test 26 P = 50 PSI [ Ty i 90 24.0 17.0- 7.0 22.7 25.9 32.0 l
~
80 27.5 15.0 12.5 23.7 15.2 33.3 t 70 37.0 13.5- 23.5 18'.6 6. 3' 38.7 i i 60 42.0 10.0 32.0 13.2 3.3 44.1 1 50 44 5 '17.5 27.0 8.3 2.5 45.5 - i 40 46.0 18.5 27.5 2.3 0.7- 46.8 I 30 47.0- 19.0 28.0 -2.5 -0.7 46.8
'20 47.0 19.0 28.0 -2.5 -0.7 46.8 l' O . 48.0 20.0 28.0 -5.6 -1.6 46.8 h t
0 48.0 21.0 27.0. -10.3 -3.1 46.8 i
~
6/489193' h
- l. \
< - - . ~ . , , . - . ,
..
- F cwmen aan Atr.F/ow TewY$ AW.5'//Longley Ad.saercJr. Conn?- . ^@v. / Dec. /979. sen'7 or? '
l
- ,= u. . ,mi
(
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ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET : coe= msa Rsf /VO. 26 ; Aius outuu 1 1 _ YdlVe d/SC.YhN:/M233 to W/dme1\rt*.fot/0.:.,
- ll - {
. In/f/o/ epatreem pmssen.: _fo ' . _.Vo/re. ortexfefion ner;. Fifum. ll l
-.IEF!fane eywAeffen een/ Coeff/cienf_,* .7e"d'.f . CrM#"48 .. - -- -
f
--. . 4WAdre ]~/ /.s the dynom/c.stwyese.In/ cat _ poeno'.s4..Cr.4 /de 7'orfer.-- .
i
^
_.. coefflakrnt., .Ois the .yo/re, diamekt k feef_ and_. 42 f.sJhe _ foto/. pressure _. drop ocro.ns..fde rs4eak.Lpsr. , l AP.-." .22 M ' ~
. Ex.2_V./g*_
^
29 29
; ; l 1
- , . . 'i.
{ OG ' b , ; w . o, -
.. \ n f q /7 h -g - f i
' k Av f
--Av -
p 4V . j , 10 LW '
^> '
t Ay
.. g .
f . W .
~[ .- --
( . u ['~* s -
- A g AW f 5
1 4 _ 0
~-
% , ,g .
S -
- p .
a y h,% '
- 20 0 10 20 .50 Ano SO M 70 80 90 ;
..Di3C Anyle (*cpe.n) _,
, 4:
I
._ - Test 26
. P = 60 PSI T
3
. V .I 1
'
- Open 'P-y P .T g *F j T
2 D 90- 29.0. 18.0 11.0 25.0 18.2 38.7 80 32'.5 17.0 15.5 26.2 13.5 41.4 70 41.0 J16.0 25.0 20.6 6.6 47.5 60 48.0 12.5 35.5 15.3 3.4 51.5
'50 51.5 7.5 44.0 9.9 1.8 52.9 40- 54.0 4.0 50.0 3.1. 0.5 52.9
-30 55.0 2.5 52.5 -2.1 -0.3 53.5
. 20- 55.0 2.0 53.0 -2.7 -0.4 53.5- !
10 55.0. 1.5 53.5- -6.2 -0.9 53.5 0: 55.0 1.0 54.0 -10.7 -1.6 ~53.5 i l
. .I 1
i 4 l
'3, i
4 l 1
A 2 a- J
.. . 1 MMS 07%
h -klr.lloW fW 3._. Y Y fl.d>9fhy.ke0M Mb. - . - $ We l N o/979 gnggs ) op l
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ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET g y
.uis.c,.u.. ,o.. a n..
a i _ &he di:sc.tNcMeess to d/omanre.rst/o.:. . /2 _. . _ _ .
--Inl//o/ rpstream pressemr.:. los#$/_C_ ... Vo/re. oriesfofion ref:. F/ fore l$ ..,.
~
- 7krtow. arwetton .o.,d coon /c.Arnt_:.. 7d .= Cr x.t).! x AP._.__ .
-.. -.Mbere. 7d /s fAr dynamic. rbrpww /n/co? poene'.s , Cy. thr fde_ forfre.
. Coef.f/cArnt.,. D/s the :ydre>id'amerser./n feef and_ Af'is /ke.
fofelpressens drop acros.r. /Ae_yslre.:Ar.ip.rt. . AP *. A_+ M * ) - .}L .}L*
- 29 J zy .
I l l {
~
l n-. ' M i # . .. ,
' # l
,' f ~
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--, % I . _ _ . . . . _
f 4 ; - s t i I
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/-
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k
~ -
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,s.
{ 0 w d.. II i ( 4 _-_. go i . . . I - /0 i l i { ,
= ;
Q (f -
.4 _
4
$ ,o .
\
.._. o so 20 M so so M 70 80 go .___ ._ . l
..._....1-
\ OISC A"9l' O#P'"] . ..
Test 27 10 PSI 1% V ' 90 5.0 2.5 2.5 7.2 23.1 80 6.0 2.5 3.5 9.3 21.2 70 7.5 2.5 5.0 9.3 14.9 60 10.0 2.0 8.0 6.2 6.2 50 10.5 1.5 9.0 4.1 3.7 40 12.0 1.5 10.5 1.2 0.9 30 12.5 1.0 11.5 -0.1 -0.07 20 12.5 1.0 11.5 -1.0 -0.7 10 12.5 0.5 12.0 -1.7 -1.1 0 12.5 0.5 12.0 3.5 -2.3 6/9207 N. I
evuo a. oari Alt.F/ow Tests _ NMs9/ Log /ey fasarick CswNr.. Nov. / Dre. /979. ,,,,n f a, 7 p mact
.H//Ar _chelmers.4.".streamsea/ av:+'erf/y b<*her Mode /
w .. ,,... Q .- .- . ............ - , . . . .
, l ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET 7&'st No. f 7 '
Attil.CMatuett pct. #1S 1 i i _ Valve dik.thicMassa /o.d/smake.rsflo :. ./2 ..
. .. In/Mo/.rps/ nom pressen.:. M~s%/G. _._Vo/re. orten/ofion.nt:. F/purte N ._-
-. Torfee..eyvef/en ono' caeffleArnf : 7d *. Cr.E.D.'x AP .
~
Where 7d'../s /be dynom/c..tkryw /n.fcat_. porno's , Cr..As FAe.. forper.' 7 COMff/d'irnt., J Dis ihm.,Vd/re: W/dadks". /n feef_ dsed 48 /s fl9e. tofc/;.pressson drop..ocross. FAe_rd/ re:s'eipsr. A P-." P.s + M
- m h t fL* ,
AS 2f ' I i i i i
- , *1 1 gg !
Av
\ ~
f ~~ __ 1
/'
b / > 9 w_ ,- ~_ p ~. a
/ i O EO !
_1 \ i _I _ i I i b
. ,I __
- 1. l
-- J ._ ._ i ' _. l I i !
I i j
.u~
i _. E 4
/ >
o . i_ - 0 , 9
% , j, -" i y -~
l It '
+
_ .. g .._ _ _ 1 k; ,
-zo O 10 20 30 40 SO 40 70 80 90 _. . . - . _ .
l . Disc Any/e (*epen)
s 8 6 f CUSTOange Daft Alt.F/one 77rsts._NR$4/Lmg/ey ft.saerch Carter. Nov. / Dec.1979 ,,,,a 3 o, 7 sumact , . . . . , ..
- A///s* Cho/mer.s 4."Streomsoc/ av/Artf/y Vo/otr Moo'e/
O] / o=Awmo ==nes ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET m . u... .A.e cAscusatioe g g poem att3.1 7"est A/o. _.2 7 ALLil-CMAlme ts _ Vo/ve. disc.12cMness.fo.o'iome&t rstlo.:. -l2 , .. .
- Zal//o/.rp.streem pressure.:.. _?? Af/G_..._ Va/re ortexfofion.svt; F/ pure l2-
. 7'orfew erveNon 'ono' coeff/ahnf : 7d" ".Cr.E.O! ~ AP _ .. ._ .
Wkare 7d /s the. oy' nom /c 1%rpe../n.f~ cat poeno'.s , . Cr. At the. forgue.. __ coefflairorf., 0/s the ,ya're .a'/**erier.. /n.feef_.cno' 4P /s .fke.
]ofekpressure..o' rop .acros.r.fAe yo/re.v:rr.i,osr.
AP = Le_+ M ' -< .}} g l -. _29 29 = j.. I I g . . I l lO \ D I I l - . b 1 j I - - l 1 , 20
. lo%
., [ ~'
g f- ~~~ lh ./ Jj e fto , _,r . / _/ - ~
, . P i i* 1 ,
f >
._ _ = _
0 JF-
\.) . . .' .re _. .
w 6e core e _e. age...miy,
%_y --
\
y /O. A - - y _ __ 4 -20 , (
,. . 0 10 20 30 4*O SO 60 70 80 90 _ ..._.._ ,
..Dise Rnete (*cpen) l l
' ~ " ?
Test 27 15 PSI
- Open. Py P AP ""E 2 D T I
90 4.0 2.5 1.5 5.6 29.7 not recorded 80 4.5 2.5 2.0 7.0 28.0 ' 270 5.0 2.5 2.5 7.2 23.1 60 6.5 2.0 -4.5 5.2 9.2 50 8.0 1.0 7.0 3 .1 - 3.5 l 40 8.0 1.0 7.0 1.2 1.4 ; 30 9.0 0.5 8.5 -0.1 -0.1 ' 20 10.0 0.5 9.5 -1.0 , -0.9 10- 10.0 0.5 9.5 -1.4 -1.2 ! 0 10.0 0.5 9.5 -2.7 -2.3 Test 27 20 PSI t
.90 7.0 5.0 2.0 11.3 45.2 i
80 10.0 4.5= 5.5 14.0 20.4 ; 70 12.5 3.0 9.5 12.0 10.1 l 1 60 16.0 2.5 13.5 8.3 4.9 i 50 17.5 2.5 15.0 4.7 2.5 :
-40 19.0' 1.0 18.0 2.06 0.9 !
30 '19.5 1.0 18.5- -0.4 -0.2 20 20.0 0.5 19.5 -1.9 -0.8
'10 20.0 0 20.0 -2.9 -1.2 0 20.0 0 20.0 -3.7 -1.5
)
6/9274:
+4 y . . i t
I Custcases o.it A/r//OW firsY3.-. A/A$4/44Wf ey. l AdadlerC/9. Conk?. Mpy,f Dec,/979 ,,,,, fj ,, J
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4//sk .che/mers 4." Streomsee/. BuMerfAj Vs/se Moa'e/.. ;
~
;. . m 1,. o... . ... mcow.. .. g ,
! ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET a '
R.st No. E7 .
.Lill.CMAlatas 70tm (FIS 1
_0/ve.dhefhickness /o.dhmekt rstto.: /2 . F
...la///s/.ppstmem presww.: ] OPS /G___h/ve orten/ofion. ret;.//pernr. /2- . _
r 7arper_ ape,wfJon o.,d. coeffichaf :. 7d_* Cr K.O.'
- AP ~
where 7d_/s the.dynem/c .kryer_/s.Aor' pwnds ,_ Cr. Ar the. forper_ -
.coeff/cArnf., .O/s. thw ,vo/ red'amekt. /s. feef_asedl .dt' /s Jke ;
tofs/.presare.. drop ocros.r fhe ys/re1,ripa7. AR
- Li + M " -
A tjk*. . 29 29 , , . i i-g g i - 4 ,
~
go G -- l O --
/-
I_, l-- -
* / _
i / .
~
q 20 1 ; i i
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. i a p .
4 I, _
# I
/ .- -.. _ .
f gQ
. < ~
o
, 7 ;
O ~'~~~ 0- I
%,y -
_ . - y
- g __
) _.
1
.l_-._._. ..
_ . _ _ _ _ . . - - o 10 20 30 4o sp so 7o so go __ __. _ . ._ . _ Oi3C Ang/e (*open) , ,
T f ' e e CUSTOsset Daft klr f/060 fWsl3_ /Vk Y b dWfbey kds M Y . - & b!* l N e /?79 gnggs [oy y SMSJSCT Pt. Lim. Pena 4 A///s.~ Chalmers 4 "Strremnes/.BVMerf/y Voher Moo'e/
-... u,........ -
}
. c ico . 0..
g ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET 78'st /VO. J '? - l uus.o.u= ,o.wi s. i l _Mr/ve o%re.fMcMness.fo.diemekt.rstlo :.a.}3- - _ _ _ .
. IsIfJo/.ups/strom pres:urar.:. N0t'S/G_ Vo/re. orie.1fo/Jon.rerl. F/furnr /A- .
Torfew eywf/on1eae'.esefficknf.
- 7Ti'.* Cr.E D.! x 4P .
--. . Where. 7W../s the. dynam/c..rbrpce /n/ cat _.pouno's., Cr. 4 fAe. 7'orter _
j - - - confflatirnt , . Dis the ra're. o'/emokr /n.feef_.ono! AP /s.fhe- - tofe/ pressure deop_ acro.nts.JAe vsbeakp.fr. 4 2 *.Es +,ft" -s M g 29 , , 2.9 . ,
] ,
1 F l
\ I ,
Jl I l - l i I l
\' ao ' } '
A
! e
*I 1.
g. b I
% r --
1 / i (n I ! J ,t i
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/ - - - -
1 /
' '%( / ..
,1 ._. .
a f' -.
~ 4
. /
y J
\ /
/
[ J +mr - l _. I y . - . . l f ,
.- y ,
4, L ._ _ _
- 20 .
. - .-_ o 10 20. 30 Ano So M 70 80 90 _ _ __, . .. . _ _ _ _ _
..Di3C Anyle @epeM) _
t s i' ~ Test 27- 30 PSI
- - 7
*' ' T
Open. P P 6P E' 2 D T ,
90 '12.0 8.0 4.0 15.5 30.9 not recorded , 80 -15.0 7.0 8.0 19.0 19.0 t 70 19.0 6.0 13.0 16.1 9.9 60 25.0 5.0 20.0 11.3 4.5 ' 50 26.5 2.5 24.0 6.1 2.1 40 27.5 1.5 26.0 2.1 0.6 i 30 28.0 0 28.0 0 0 { 20 28.0 0 28.0- -2.5 -0.7 , i 10 28.0 0 28.0 -2.9 -0.8 l 1 0 28.0 0 28.0 -6.4 -1.8 l l Test 27 40 PSI
)
90 19.0 13.0 4.0 19.6 39.2 17.2 80 -21.5 11.0 '10.5 23.7 18.1 18.5 70 27.5 10.0 17.5 19.8 9.1 23.3 60 32.5 7.5 25.0 15.1 4.8 27.3 50 36.0 5.0 -31.0 8.7 2.2 30.0 40' 37.5- 2.5 35.0 2.9 0.7 31.3 ! 30 38.0 1.5 36.5 -1.0 -0.2 32.0 20 39.0 1.0 38.0 -3.1 -0.7 32.0 ; 10 39.0 0;5 38.5 -4.7 -1.0 32.0
.- i 0- 39.0 0 39.0 -8,5 -1.7 32.0 ;
p
.6/63R9,
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ . _ . . - .. . . .~, ,_ . - . _..,_,_ ... , _ . .
- -- -. . ~ . ,
g i 5' CUBfOengt . 0499
' blf /l Odd ff$Y3 NkY W/ny. kd=9 .
$ Yol N e/979. suggt [ op l kl//$ *,.(l9d/ntdf$,.h. NM$n9&dol. h&Wl$ VAlW )'$OC'd/ .
y ' . SGAWING 80 uhs 48 gygeg gg g,g,g,,g g CALCULAfgg gy . ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET R$7 JVO. f7 ' Atill OeALJatt$ POtes 47tS.O Yo/re.dhe.fNcMne.u to d4menrr.rst/o.:. . /2- . -- ._._
.. Zal//s/.ppafmom preswre.: . So' ASIG Vo/re.ortento/ ton.nt:. F/purar. U Toryer..apw ot/*n ono%coeff/c4rnf.:. 7d ". . Cr.ED! x 4P .
schereld /s fbe. dynonr/c.JbrytAr.in. hot _~. pounds. ,_ Cy As fAe forfM coeff/cient.,.. Dis thewwho, dl'omeArr. In_feef._ cad _'.42 /s.fhe.
. 10fc6 pressure.. drop.oeros.s. ./Ae rs/rea:eip.rt.. .
AP = A + M * -i &+,,Vfs*_
; - : 29 , ,
29 . 1L i i i i , t1 *i f , .. _ i l'~ _ t
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Di3C Ang/t (*Open)
e eisions oan
/9/r.F/ow 77tsts. .NR$4/Lewp-/cy fosarc)r Centhrt.... Atw./ Dow.1979. ,,w j o, y N PSG OM. FINA4 A//M-.Chelmers 4.~.3rrtromsen/. BuMerf/g Mr/se Moolr/
)
o.4-iao mu-m u vao in u...a....e catcutano er g ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET 7ks? /VO. 2 *7 ALLIS.OIAtutt$ P0fm OlS i Mr/re..dhe.2WeMnesa /o.d/'omestre.rdf/o.'.;l2- ....-
-.. In/f/s/ ppsfreom prwswrar_:. $0 /3/ G Va/re orienfofioa s1r/.'. F/9attr lE .
.-. 7btfew erowf/on sond. cowff/c.Arnf .* 73'-." Crs Of x 4P . -
4*'herc_Taf../s /Ar dynom/c.,ksyve./n.foof .pouno'.s., Cr 4 the farfae_
.- Co*ff/denf., .Ois.the ,ydsa: o'iemoAr, /s feef_ ono_.f M is./he fofdlpresswe.. drop ocros.r. /Ae rs/re.a%psy. ._
- A P .* A .+ M
- _PxtV_S IJS . _ __
.zS ,
g ] 4 M ^l '
. . . . , . i etum**
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-20
. . _ . 0 10 20 30 40 So M 70 80 90,.___ _.. _
Disc Anale (open)
em . s 1 (-
- eN Test 27 50 PSI i ' ,) ,
i
- Open- Py P 2 D T 90 30.0 25.5 4.5 23.7 42.2 26.6 80 33.0 21.5 11.5 27.6 19.2 28.0
(- 70 40.0 19.0 21.0 23.1 8.8 34.0 60 47.5 15.0 32.5 16.5 4.1 38.1
- 50 50.0 11.0 39.0 9.3 1.9 39.4 40 52.5 8.5 44.0 3.1 0.6 40.1 30 53.0 8.0 45.0 -2.1 -0.4 40.1 20 53.0 7.5 45.5 -4.5 -0.8 40.1 10 54.0 7.5 46.5 -6.2 -1.1 40.1 0 54.0 7.5 46.5 -10.3 -1.8 40.1 O
ly / ..
) Test 27 60 PSI -
90 30.0 22.0 8.0 26.8 26.8 34.7 80 34.0 18.0 16.0 30.9 15.5 37.4 70 43.0 16.0 27.0 25.2 7.5 43.4 60 48.0 13.0 35.0 19.4 4.4 46.0 50 52.0 7.5 44.5 9.9 1.8 48.1 40 54.5 3.5 51.0 3.7 0.6 48.8 30 55.0 2.5 52.5 -1.7 -0.3 48.8 - f 20 55.0 2.0 53.0 -4.7 -0.7 48.8 10 55.0 1.5 53.5 -7.4 -1.1 48.8
?
~
O 55.0 0 55.0 -11.6 -1.7 48.8 G-
)
! 6/6764
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Na . . . .
,,,en
/ e, '7
.. A///*
- d')telarer.1.4 "3traremsen/.AWMerfAy MWnet Mooir/
A es. u v i u.s.A..A.c ca*8m 42g ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET possa etts.i 7Tr.st Ab. 97 t-
- Atit$.OIAusges hr/ue_di.ac.2%r/ ness.fe.d/omake.rstto :. . /2
_Zal/JoLep.v' mom perswnt.:.. lo Ps/G ___Mr/n..oriesfo/ ion.twLRyemr. /0 _7bepnr .apet/on one! coefftearnt L.7<~
- Cr1D.!.? AP .
Where.Zd../s fJr dynamAc &pw.2m find. pomo's.g Cr.4 the. 2%f re .. coefffahauf.,.Ms.. fan rs&ei d/earerstr./n. feef ond..M./s..the. fate /..presswe drop awen.er.1% xc4eAv.p.rr. . 1 A 9 =' + ., k1". ~ ( A + K*\ 29 ( 29 ) . 4 i , i ci,,,i ,, , c ,,,c ,, , ,,,7 ., , i i n,i,.ct,
. . - k)- i i a 6 i i i - '4 i ! '
i t k , I i
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l I i e ! ! l ! ! i i i
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~
g l ! ! l t 5 I i o. l 6 i i i i ! t i t i i i
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l i i i i i : jr i l i i . T . <
> t . , , , t , , , , i a , t i
I ! I I i i i ! I i i i i i I t i ! / I i I i \
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- Cr ED.!OP - .
_ ..where ' Rf /s.fbe.dynam/Lhupwe /n./ int. poswo'.r.,_ Cr..is 1)* e Mpe
. .cosff/eArnt.>. A/2 Hra' red /***kr in feef dn*' M /* Akt - -- ---
fate /presswe Ar*p ocrosr.2Ae Make hefs;f-Ao = jLt.L' .- 29 A2f) 29 1 i
~-
g 1 6 i . -
. _ _ . . i . I i ! 8 6 i ! 6 3 e e t ( __.
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l I
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' ' I 4
g i i i i i , , i 6 6 i
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e i i , i . i 4 i , . , , , ,. . . , , , , , , , . 1 i e 1 i . , 1 ._. 1 . , ,
! ! i i e I t ! i i ! e i e i i s i
, i ,
i e u , 8 i a t i l i , i t . . . , e t i ; i !
! I ' I i i ! 4 * , ! ! !
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3! I I a +
} I , -
i ! e 8 i ,+, 4 6 . . 4 . , . 4 I ! ' ' i ' . _a j ; .- .
' , i i , i . , 6 , i i , ,
e i i e r . ~ ,
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i
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i , i . . . h,
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co y ec e m s
. Test 28 10 PSI a "
- Open
. P 1
~P 2
6P T D C T Temp 'F 90 4.5 2.5 2.0 1.0 4.1 not reecrded 80 4.5 2.0 2.5- 4.1 13.2 70 5.0 1.5 3.5 4.8 10.8 60 '7.5 1.0 6.5- 3.1 3.8 1 50 8.5 .5 8.0 1.0 1.0 4 40' 9.5 O 9.5 0 0 30 9.5 0 9.5- -0.4 .3 ,
.20 9.5 0 9.5 -1.0 .9 10 9.5 0 9.5 -0.6 .5 0 9.5 0 9.5 -1.0 .8 !
Test 28 15 PSI
.i 90 5.5 2.5 3.0 .7 1.9 80 5.0 2.0 3.0 5.2 13.8 ,
70 6.5 2.0 4.5 5.2 9.2 60 9.5 1.0 8.5 3.7 3.5 50 10.5 1.0 9.5 1.4 1.2 i 40 11.0 1.0 10.0 .4 .3 i 30 11.5 1.0 10.5 .6 .5 > c 20 12.5 .5 12.0 -1.2 .8 10 12.5 .5 12.0 .6 .4 l 0 12.0 0 12.0 -1.7 -1.1 Lj. h) t
.6/4009
l t amone ==
'p ; A/r.f/ow Tbsts N4M/LewyJey.fe.senuh QwNr .. Atw. / Dec. In.9. mee y oo 7 I
- . n ,==
i mesa
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. un u .u.w caounw g '
ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET pocas dts.t 7 Test Ab. N , Mus.Mau annan MM \ Mrke di.ac.1Mrdness.fe shmmerr roNo.L IA ___- _Zalf/d up.s/ nom.presusw.L b N/G %&w orfesAe/Jon.svLE/p. l0 -
.- 72repne.eyowNon nwd c.nw/fMenf : D *-.Cr w'MP .
When ld'.Js the. dynamk..stupww hr )inf. poewo's.,_Cr At tAe fewyor- . . Onff/ainef.,.M.t.thm. ben /d d/'**erire.An feef dno'.6*' 4 /k - fa4Lpge.ssww drop auws.r_the rn4e.An p.rn.
- ^ 2 = k + V5* ) - ( A + h*\
> af f \~ zy)
,i , i, , . ; ( ,r., . m n i r , i , , ,-
. , , ,- , ', ,.c.,i -
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! i i t i r i ! i i e
3 i i t I f~ ? 3 I i I ' 3 I ! 8 3 l i ' I i r 6 6 i I l
, , , i . , , . i 6
f i i l i ! I I i ' f
- e 8
! t
- i i i i [ . , i i
=-
l !e i ! ' I ! i r
- i i '
- 6 i i i ! { i 8
~jgi .*: g
. i i
i i ' < s > l ! e e i#i 1- 8 . ' i e i
! i I I i # 1! ! ' !
. I .
I t i f i.# e 11: I p i i .g * = = 1 1 ? I t t iat . ! I i ! 8 I t i l. ! i l 1 1 i a ; 3 , i i , . i r ; i i , , g, , ( t i e i ! 6 i ! l- 1
, . i
. , , , , , a i , , , , i 1, r --- - - - - -.
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1 l t
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~l t e i i e i r i i e 3 e ,
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! 1 1 t
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. . . . . . . _ ~ ..
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._. - c~ to 2o 60 4o so co 7c Sc d.% .. - .- .
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- ENGINEERING CALCULATION SHEET gf g jf I m pcanasmag 70ess 4713 t ;
1 Yd /WtR. O ne 3 h N'Y M d&& ) L AACdWE.EdWO I
._ Zaiffal r,dsfacepmswn.:. 50PS/C Vo/rw orterfafiwM;_f/swer. l0 - - . -
7bepwe apseHon..ond e.nor e fleient.1-.D = Cr_*.al." 4P .
- kherrD h the./ynom/e hopww./n foot poswo's > Cr.As ik.We-coeff/Mant.,.Metan sw'nld?omokr.Jn. feer _' .owd_.M Mik -
ed&dNt_We*AGCl222' lWMd.lfe /N}We
$gt/d Ab= b y(E + M ' ) - ; [ A 2 2 *\ . ,.
\
29 / . ( 19 ) s', ,ii itiitiie i ! 's : ( , t 'i i/ i I t ( , i , i ( , , , i [ i .', , , i g 3 . I t i i _ . ,- iii ' i . . . ! , , i i . _ _
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# e ! i 3
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i
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i
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i
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C - JV g i i n - i .; ; *
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.)
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. - ! , i i . , g. i l 1 ' 6 i i 4 i . i , ,g .
- .fC i -
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! l ! ! i e i ! , ! i , . ; , i1 -
i ! i u ; t i ! , ii , , ,, ,t ,
*> ! > < . . . j ! . ! . . ,g i i . . . . , j
i i e i r i . ! 1 l
' ' F . ' *1 . . . . . _ . _ . i
, , l ,
' ! r i i, i 4 i . iri . _ _ _ _ _ . .._ j 43 ,
. i - i i . I r . - _ - . . _ _
i i .! . . i , i:
' i , , \;
i , ., g . . . . . . _ f6 .g
+ , A . ... . . . . . . . _ _
! l , , . , , , ,g g . r I
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h ' ~ * ' - ' ' ' - * * * *
- - 6 i- !
i
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. ~ . . . . - . . . . Q 10 X % ,,2 Q gle i m .- + s, @ 73 @ 'g. \
- m ,e. ~P -ny. -
_. - -. - _ , - _ _ _ .~ _ _ - _ - - - . , - . _ . - _ . . - - _ . , - - . - . _ . . - -
4' 4
)
, ( Test 28 20 PSI
!-) '
- Open Py P AP- T E 2 D T .
90 7.2 5.0 2.2 -11.3 -41.3 not recorded l 80- .0 5.5 1.5 -4.7 -2.53 l l
- 70. 1T.5' 2.5 10.0 6.6 5.3 l
'60 15.5 2.5 13.0 5.2 3.2 50 17.5 1.0 16.5 2.1 1.0 40 19.0 1.25 17.75 0 0 l 1
30 19.5 1.0 18.5 -1.0 .4 1 20 19.5 1.0 18.5 -1.9 .8 10 19.5 1.0 18.5 -2.7 .9 , i
'O 19.5 1.0 18.5 -1.9 .8 Test 28 30 PSI
}
90 13 8.0 5.0 -18.6 -29.7 80 13 9.0 4.0 -9.3 -18.6 70 15 7.0 8.0 72. 7.2 60 24 3.5 20.5 5.2 2.0 50- 27 3.0 24.0 2.7 .9 40 28 1.5 26.5 -4.1 -1.2 30 28 1.5 26.5 -4.1 -1.2 20 28 1.0 27.0 -4.1 -1.2 10 28 .5- 27.5 --6.2 -1.8
-0 28 .5 -27.5 -2.3 .7
.}
L
.6/4217 -
onre e t [f/ow Jtests _ NM,59/.4ewplay..Adamereh C'""! - ^*V ** 5
- 7 :
,m Y mu. D**'.IM-- m
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ENGINEERING CA!.CULATION SHEET g7g yy _ am o.awees a m$ '
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m
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