ML20116E782

Seismic Activity Near VC Summer Nuclear Station,Oct-Dec 1984

ML20116E782
Person / Time
Site:	Summer
Issue date:	12/31/1984
From:	Rawlins J, Talwani P SOUTH CAROLINA, UNIV. OF, COLUMBIA, SC
To:
Shared Package
ML20116E776	List: ML20116E773 ML20116E782
References
84-4, NUDOCS 8504300412
Download: ML20116E782 (26)

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TECHNICAL REPORT 84-4

? O SEISMIC ACTIVITY NEAR THE V.C. SUMMER NUCLEAR STATION FOR THE PERIOD OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1984 AND

SUMMARY

FOR THE YEAR 1984 BY PRADEEP TALWANI PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND JILL RAWLINS RESEARCH ASSISTANT GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA COLUMBIA. S.C. 29208 CONTRACT NO. N230519 9

Introduction This report presents a summary of. seismic activity near the V.C. Summer Nuclear Power Station in South Carolina for the three month period between October 1 and December 31, 1984, and

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for the year. 1984. During the October through December

' reporting period, a total of twenty locatable events were recorded. None of the events had magnitudes greater than 2.0, one had a magnitude between 1.0 and 2.0, and the remaining events were small (M < 1.0). During the year 1984, a total of 112 L

locatable events were recorded; one of magnitude 2.0, 15 of magnitudes between-1.0 and 2.0, and the rest of magnitudes less than 1.0.

Seismic Network The report is primarily based on data recorded by the four station network operated by S.C.E. and G. and the permanent station JSC. Locations of the stations are shown in Figure 1 and their coordinates are listed in Appendix I.

Data Analysis Locations of the events are determined using HYP071 program (Lee and Lahr. 1972) and the velocity model given in Appendix 11.

- The event magnitude (M ) is determined from signal duration at L

station JSC, using the following relation:

M = -1,83 + 2.04 Log D

. L where D is the signal duration (seconds).

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, An estimate of daily energy release is determined using a simplified magnitude (M ) energy (E) relation by Gutenberg L

and' Richter (1956).

log ~ E = 11.8 + 1.5 M 10 L Observed Seismicity for the Period October Through December, 1984.

The twenty locatable events recorded between October 1 and December 31, 1984 are listed in Appendix III. There were no events with magnitudes greater than 2.0, one event with a magnitude between 1.0 and 2.0, and the rest of the events were small (M < 1.0). The largest event occurred on November 15, L

1984, and had a magnitude of 1.02.

Depth analyses for the three month period for all located events indicate that 60 percent of the activity occurred within the uppermost two kilometers. More detailed depth analyses are covered in the summary of 1984 seismicity.

The seismic activity for the three month reporting period was scattered throughout the reservoir area. A cumulative plot of epicenters of events located during this period is shown in Figure 2 and a cross section of events located within one kilometer on each side of line AA' is shown in Figure 3. The events in the cross section appear to define a surface dipping gently to the southwest. Cross section BB' shows those same

. events on a line perpendicular to line AA' extending one kilometer on each side. Separation of epicentral locations by month is shown in Figures 4-6.

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9 Reservoir Water Level and its Comparison with Seismicity Monticello Reservoir is a pumped storage facility. Any decrease in reservoir level associated with power generation is recovered when water is pumped back into the reservoir.

There can be variations up to about five feet per day between the maximum and minimum water level. We have been monitoring this water level to see if there is any correlation between the daily or seasonal changes in the reservoir level and the local seismicity. Figure 7 shows the comparison of water level to seismicity. The top two graphs show the water level and the change of water level per day. The number of events per day and log of energy released per day are shown on the lower two graphs. The histograms showing events per' day and log of energy release include the unlocated events around the reservoir.

Summary of 1984 Seismicity A histogram of seismic activity for the year 1984 is presented in Figure 8. showing the total number of events per day. The graph also includes the unlocated events in the Monti-cello Reservoir area for a total of 169 events, of which 112 were located. A cumulative plot of epicenters is shown in Figure 9 and a cross section of events located within one kilometer of line AA' is shown in Figure 10. No pattern of correlation between seismicity and depth of activity is noted, indeed, no trace of the apparent southwest dipping surface of Figure 3 is present. Cross section BB' shows the same events projected to a

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14 line perpendicular to AA' at its midpoint and extending one kilometer on each side.

The 16 events with magnitudes greater than 1.0 are listed in Table 1, which also includes the one event of magnitude 2.0, the largest event of the year. The remaining events were small and

. had magnitudes less than 1.0.

Most of the seismic activity for the year occurred over the broad period from March to May with only a minor peak in the level of seismicity. Spatially, the major portion of activity occurred in a broad, east-west trending band across the central part of Monticello Reservoir. However, a small amount of the seismicity was scattered around the reservoir area.

The temporal behavior of hypocentral depth variations for each year since 1978, based on quality B or better events is shown in Figure 11. The figure shows graphs of the cumulative number of events as a function of depth, calculated by using the same five station configuration. Changes in the gradient of these curves suggest corresponding changes in the depth distribution of seismicity. On examining the annual variation of seismicity with depth, we note that in every year there is a concentration of seismicity in the 1.5 to 2.0 km depth range as evidenced by a markedly steep gradient. In order to search for a cause of this apparently higher seismicity horizon, we examined the data for possible-systematic causes in the location algo-rithm. Our preliminary findings are that this apparent increase in seismicity is not an artifact of the location algorithm but quite probably has a geologic cause.

15 TABLE 1 Events with magnitudes greater than 1.0 Dgig Mgggligdg March 7 1.1

. March 7 2.0 March 18 1.0 March 18 1.2 March 20 1.3 April 27 1.0 May 11 1.8 May 11 1.3 May 17 1.0 May 19 1.3 May 20 1.3 June 20 1.2 July 20 1.5 July 27 1.1 September 25 1.5 November 15 1.0

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18 We further noted that in 1978, approximately 84% of the seismicity was shallower than 2.0 km, whereas in 1979, only 71%

of the events were shallower than 2.0 km. The seismicity deepened until 1982, when only 51% of the activity was shallower than 2.0 km. In 1983 and 1984, the percentage of deeper events

, decreased and currently is approximately at the 1978 value.

The number of earthquakes increased from a preimpoundment rate of about one event per week to 81 events per week in 1978 and have decreased annually to the 1984 level of about 3.5 events per week, approaching the preimpoundment' levels (as shown in Figure 12).

Conclusions Seismic activity during the October through December, 1984 reporting period was moderately low. A histogram of the total number of events per month from December, 1977 through December, 1984 (Figure 12) indicates a trend of discrete swarms separated by relatively quiet periods. The peak levels of the swarms have decreased continually while the time span of the swarms has increased, and the overall level of seismicity has decreased.

The level of seismicity for 1984 is well in agreement with that trend with its low peaks during March to May and the quiet period occurring from June through December.

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References Cutenberg, B. and Richter. C.F. (1956). Magnitude and I

energy of. earthquakes, Ann Geof. 9, p. 1-15.

Lee W.H.K. and Lahr. J.C. (1972). A computer program for determining hypocenter, magnitude and first motion

-I pattern of local earthquakes, Revisions of HYP071, y;g G g. Open-File Report, 100 pp.

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21 APPENDICES 9

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22 APPENDIX I o

STATION LOCATION E9: SIN: LAI _E kgNg _M 1 001 34 19.91' 81 17.74' 2 002 34 11.58' 81* 13.81' 3 003 34 21.09' 81* 27.41' 4 004 34 25.72' 81 12.99' 5 JSC 34 16.80' 81 12.99' 6 06A 34* 17.32' 81 18.15' 7 09A 34 17.24' 81 18.15'

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23 APPENDIX II MONTICELLO RESERVOIR VELOCI1Y MODEL Velocity Depth helsec ha 1.00 0.00 5.40 0.03 5.90 0.18 6.10 0.46 6.30 0.82 8.10 30.00 i

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! DATE 0.6 C1 841004 051 57.83 34-20.28 81-18.94 2.81 -0.40 107 194 2.0 0.07 290 2.3 0.05 0.4 0.7 1.6 C1 l

841009 1752 45.11 34-20.54 81-19.02 0.50 0.95 2.6 C1 0.12 8 248 4.3 0.07 7

l 841010 647 18.12 34-21.94 81-10.04 2.63 1.3 841020 1613 45.86 34-17.52 14 0.48 -0.00 5 183 16 0.05 2.0 5.4 01 841020 18d4 30.44 34-20.54 61-16 93 R1-1o. 0.32 0.37 11 131 1.7 0.06 0.2 0.4 0.5 61 1.4 81 841110 656 16.09 34-20.23 81-20.01 1.o9 -0.40 8 129 3.5 0.08 0 0.8 B '

841110 7 2 30.04 34-20.34 R1-1C.74 -0.24 9 130 3.3 0.06 1

i S.99

.50 9 154 1 0.04 0 0.4 B;

841114 to35 26.45 34-22.o3 81-17.84 81-20.68 2.73

-0.11 1.02 9 140 5 4 5 0.06 0 0.88'

841115 1047 55.50 34-19.64 81-20.80 2.79 -0.40 9 15

5.1 0.07 0.3 0.9 8 i 841115 2340 47.94 34-1 80 45 91-20.50 2.95 -0.60 5 14; 9 0.0 0.6 .04 C:

841119 012 2.91 34-1 C; 841119 916 7.02 34-1 41 81-20.68 1.97 0.37 67 143 9 O.

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81-20.85 79 143 0.

841211 2 Pal 34 -0.40 450 O 4

34-1 .co -0 7 131 2. 0.4 0.8 81 8412 5 1853 55 10.38 34-20.60 81-10 14 .04 66 -0 86 6 135 2.4 080 7 0.6 0. 9 B '

841 5 1854 2 0 86 9 124 3 0.68' 841 0 1944 27.30 25 34-1 T4-1 7b 9 81-18 8 282 4 1.00 01 1.0 0 02

0. 3 B:

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841 2 3 54 17 . 7 34-134-2 01 -17 13 1.82 0. 01 1 137 4.8 0 9 0.4 0.2 1

i 8412 2 1121 36 8 34-20.01 6.-21 91-19 56 1.40 0.01 123 2.8 0.04 6 136 1.6 0.08 96h 0

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, 8412 1 821 59. 76 34-20.01 81-16.72 0.73. 0,21 4.4 w

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