Text

1984 Annual Environ Rept,Nonradiological,Beaver Valley Power Station Unit 1
	ML20113C060
Person / Time
Site:	Beaver Valley
Issue date:	03/29/1985
From:	Cody W, Guindon C, Shema R; AQUATIC SYSTEMS CORP., MICHAEL BAKER, JR., INC.
To:	;
Shared Package
ML20113C056	List: ML20113C054; ML20113C060;
References
	NUDOCS 8504110529
	Download: ML20113C060 (150)
	v • d • e

.

J 1

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT NON-RADIOLOGICAL DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I

BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION UNIT NO. 1 DOCKET #50-334 I

i l

j I

I I

8504110529 850329 PDR ADOCK 05000334 I

PDR R

\\

~

- _ _ _ _ _ _ _,.. _. _ _ _... _ _ _ _ _ ~. _ _ _ _ _

i I

f I

I 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT NON-RADIOLOGICAL DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION I

UNIT NO. 1 1

DOCKET #50-334 I

Prepared by Clifford E. Guindon, Jr.

Michael Baker, Jr., Inc.

Baker /TSA Division I

Beaver, Pennsylvania and Robert L. Shema and William R. Cody Aquatic Systems Corporation Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and I

J. W. McIntire Duquesne Light Company Shippingport, Pennsylvania I

I I

I

I I

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures.........................................

iv I'

List of Tables..........................................

vi List of Exhibits........................................

x I.

INTRODUCTION............................................

1 A.

SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM................

1 B.

SITE DESCRIPTION...................................

1 II.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS.................................

7 III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE............

12 IV.

MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS...................

13 A.

MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS.......................

13 B.

HERBICIDES.........................................

13 V.

AQUATIC MONITORING PROGRAM..............................

14 A.

INTRODUCTION.......................................

14 B.

BENTH0S............................................

17 Objectives....................................

17 I

Methods.......................................

17 Habitats......................................

17 Community Structure and Spatial Distribution..

24 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Stations....................................

24 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data........................................

30 Summary and Conclusions.......................

32 C.

PHYTOPLANKTON......................................

34 Objectives....................................

34 I

Methods.......................................

34 Seasonal Distribution.........................

34 Comparison of Control and Non-Control I

Transects 42 Comparison of Preoperation and Operational Data........................................

42 Summary and Conclusions.......................

45 D.

ZOOPLANKTON........................................

46 Objectives....................................

46 I

Methods.......................................

46 Seasonal Distribution.........................

46 Comparison of Control and Non-Control I

Transects...................................

55

I I

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

I Page I

Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data........................................

55 Summary and Conclusions.......................

60 E.

FISH...............................................

61 Objectives....................................

61 Methods.......................................

61 I

Results.......................................

63 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects...................................

71 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational I

Data........................................

74 Simmary and Conclusions.......................

74 I

F.

ICHTHYOPLANKTON....................................

76 Objectives....................................

76 Methods.......................................

76 I

Results.......................................

76 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data........................................

82 Summary and Conclusions.......................

82 G.

FISH IMPINGEMENT...................................

83 Obj e c t iv e s............'........................

83 I

Methods.......................................

83 Results.......................................

83 Comparison of Impinged and River Fish.........

88 Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating I

Intake Bay Collections......................

88 Summary and Conclusions.......................

99 I

H.

PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT...............................

100 1.

Ichthyoplankton...............................

100 l

l Objectives....................................

100 Methods.......................................

100 i

Results.......................................

100 i

Seasonal Distribution.........................

104 Spatial Distribution..........................

104 Summary and Conclusions.......................

104 2.

Phytoplankton.................................

104

! g Objectives....................................

104 l g Methods.......................................

104 i

Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples...

104 I

Summary and Conclusions.......................

104 I

l 1

11

I I

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

I Page I

3.

Zooplankton...................................

106 Objectives....................................

106 Methods.......................................

106 I

Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples...

106 Summary and Conclusions.......................

107 VI.

TERRESTRIAL MONITORING PROGRAM..........................

108 A.

INTRODUCTION.......................................

108 B.

AERIAL INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY........................

109 I

Obj e c t ive s....................................

109 Methods.......................................

109 Results.......................................

115 Natural Causes................................

118 I

Human Activities..............................

121 Unidentified or Unknown Causes................

122 Summary and Conclusions.......................

123 C.

SOIL CHEMISTRY.....................................

125 Objectives....................................

125 Methods.......................................

125 Results.......................................

127 Discussion of Results.........................

130 Summary of April 1984 Results.................

135 l

VII. REFERENCES..............................................

137 I

I l

I G

I I

I 111 I

I LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page I-1 VIEW OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS...........................................

2 I-2 LOCATION OF STUDY AREA, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION, SHIPPINGPORT, PENNSYLVANIA................

3 I-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (FLOW cfs) AND TEMPERATURE

(*F), RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2)

BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY W/.TER SANITATION I

COMMISSION (ORSANCO), 1984.........................

5 V-A-1 SAMPLING TRMSECTS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS.............

15 V-B-1 BENTH0S SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS....................

18 V-B-2 MEAN PERCENT COMPOSITION OF THE BENTH0S COMMUNITY IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS..............................

29 V-C-1 SEASONAL PATTERN OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL (1974-1975)

AND OPERATIONAL (1976-1984) YEARS, BVPS............

37 V-C-2 PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984, BVPS................................

38 I

V-D-1 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL (1974-1975) AND OPERATIONAL (1976-1984) YEARS, BVPS................

49 V-D-2 ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984, BVPS.........................................

52 V-E-1 FISH SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS.......................

62 V-F-1 ICHTHYOPLANKTON SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS............

77 V-G-1 INTAKE STRUCTURE, BVPS.............................

84 VI-B-1 INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHY, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION AND VICINITY, AUGUST 21 AND SEPTEMBER 7, 1984......

111 I

VI-B-2 DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION SITE, 1984......

116 VI-C-1 LOCATION OF STUDY AREAS, 1974-1984.................

126 I

5 I

I LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) i Figure Page I

VI-C-2 SOIL SURVEY MEAN AND 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS OF S0IL pH FOR SAMPLES OBTAINED ON EACH OF 9 DATES.........

132 4

VI-C-3 SOIL SURVEY MEAN AND 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS OF S0IL I

pH AT EACH SAMPLING LOCATION FOR APRIL, 1984.......

133 VI-C-4 SOIL SURVEY MEAN AND 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS OF SOIL l

CONDUCTIVITY AT EACH SAMPLING LOCATION ON EACH OF 5

9 DATES.............................................

134 VI-C-5 MEAN AND 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS OF SOIL CONDUCTIVITY I

AT EACH. SAMPLING LOCATION FOR APRIL, 1984...........

136 I

I I

I

LIST OF TABLES Table Page I-1 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (rlow cfs) AND TEMPERATURE I

(*F) RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2)

BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSANCO), 1984.........................

6 I

V-A-1 AQUATIC MONITORING PROGRAM SAMPLING DATES, 1984 BVPS...............................................

16 I

V-B-1 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS....................................

19 2

V-B-2 MEAN NUMBER OF MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHAETA, CHIRONOMIDAE, MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS,'1984, BVPS...........

25

-B-3 BENTHIC MAC'R0 INVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /

2 m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL I

OHIO RIVER, MAY 10, 1984, BVPS.....................

26 V-B-4 BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /

I 2

m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL OHIO RIVER, SEPTEMBER 6, 1984, BVPS................

28 V-B-5 MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER, 1984, BVPS............

31 I

2 V-B-6 BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Number /m )

FOR STATION 1 (CONTROL) AND STATION 2B (NON-CONTROL) DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS........................................

33 V-C-1 MONTHLY PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml)

AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984,.BVPS.........................................

36 V-C-2 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984, BVPS....................

39 V-C-3 DENSITIES (Number /ml) 0F MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA COLLECTED FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, JANUARY I

THROUGH DECEMBER 1984, BVPS........................

40 I

I I

LIST OF TABLES (Continued)

I Table Page I

V-C-4 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES (MEAN OF ALL SAMPLES 1973 TO 1984) NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, BVPS...................................

43 V-D-1 MONTHLY ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number / liter)

AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984, BVPS.........................................

48 V-D-2 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES (Number / liter) BY MONTH FROM 1973 THROUGH 1984, OHIO RIVER AND BVPS........

50 V-D-3 DENSITIES (Number / liter) 0F MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA COLLECTED FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, JANUARY THROUGH DECEMBER 1984, BVPS................

53 V-D-4 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984, BVPS....................

56 V-D-5 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FROM 1973 THROUGH 1984 IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS......

58 I

V-E-1 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1984, BVPS....'...........................................

64 V-E-2 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED AT VARIOUS TRANSECTS BY GILL NET (G), ELECTROFISHING (E), AND MIriN0W TRAP (M) IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, l

1984, BVPS.........................................

66 V-E-3 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NET (G),

i ELECTROFISHING (E), AND MINNOW TRAP (M) IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1984, BVPS......

68 V-E-4 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, ELECTR0 FISHING I

AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1984, BVPS.................

70 I

V-E-5 ELECTROFISHING CATCH MEANS (5) AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974-1984, BVPS....................................

72 V-E-6 GILL NET CATCH MEANS (5) AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL THE OHIO RIVER, 1974-1984, BVPS....

73 I

vii I

l I

I I.

LIST OF TABLES (Continued)

I Table Page I

V-F-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, 3

AND ADULTS (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITH A 0.5 m PLANKTON NET IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B) NEAR BVPS, 1984........

78 8

V-F-2 DENSITY OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON (Number /100 m )

COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B) NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976-1984...............................................

81 V-G-1 FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1984, BVPS....................................

85 V-G-2

SUMMARY

OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS I

CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK DURING 1984, BVPS.........................................

87 V-G-3

SUMMARY

OF IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS DATA FOR 1984, I

BVPS...............................................

89 V-G-4

SUMMARY

OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1984, BVPS....................................

91 V-G-5 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED I

IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1984, BVPS.................

92 V-G-6

SUMMARY

OF CRAYFISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT I

SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984, BVPS.........................................

93 8'

V-G-7

SUMMARY

OF Corbicula COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS FOR ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984, BVPS...............................................

95 V-G-8

SUMMARY

OF MISCELLANEOUS INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984, BVPS........................

97 V-H-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, 8

AND ADULTS (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITH A 0.5 m PLANKTON NET AT THE ENTRAINMENT RIVER TRANSECT I

IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1984..................

101 I

y viii E

I

I l

LIST OF TABLES W

(Continued)

I Table Page VI-B-1

SUMMARY

OF THE 1984 AERIAL PHOT 0 MISSION FLOWN IN I

THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION....

112 VI-B-2 TYPE AND FREQUENCY OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION........

117 VI-C-1

SUMMARY

OF pH LEVELS...............................

128 VI-C-2

SUMMARY

OF SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE VALUES.............

129 VI-C-3 C.0MPARISON OF pH AND SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE VALUES APRIL 1984 VS. JUNE 1983 AND DECEMBER 1978.........

131 I

I I

tI.

I I

iX I

' I LIST OF EXHIBITS i

Exhibit Page VI-B-1 R.M. KEDDAL AND ASSOCIATES, INC. FLIGHT REPORT.....

113 I

I I

I x

I

I SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIR0h?. ENTAL REPORT I.

INTRODUCTION This report presents a summary of the non-radiological environmental data collected by Duquesne Light Company (DLCo) during calendar year 1984, for the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) Unit 1,

Operating I

License No. DPR-66.

This study was initiated in the interest of providing a non-disruptive data base between the start up of BVPS Unit 1 and that of Unit 2.

This is primarily an optional program, since the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on February 26, 1980, granted DLCo's request to delete all the aquatic monitoring program, with the exception I

of fish impingement (Amendment No. 25), from the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS), and in 1983, dropped the fish impingement studies from the ETS program of required sampling along with non-radiological water quality requirements.

A.

SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM The objectives of the 1984 environmental program were:

(1) to comply with Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements regarding the soil sampling and vegetation stress monitoring programs, (2) to assess the possible environmental impact of plant operation I

(including impingement and entrainment) on the plankton, benthos, fish and ichthyoplankton communities in the Ohio River, and (3) to provide a long and short range sampling program for establishing a continuing data base.

B.

SITE DESCRIPTION BVPS is located on the south bank of the Ohio River in the Borough of Shippingport, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, on a 501 acre tract of land.

I~

The Shippingport Station shares the site with BVPS.

Figure I-l shows a view of both stations.

The site is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) from Mddland, Pennsylvania; 5 miles (8 km) from East Liverpool, Ohio; and 25 miles (40 km) from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Figure I-2 shows the site location in relatica to the principal population centers.

Population density in the immediate vicinity of the site is relatively low.

The 1

I

m m

M M

M 57 m;WC.E".'..v,,...,.. -. * ' _ _-".ZI"

':i a it

.. ?^* ~~~s,g;Q-y,=;L j

g

~ ~

r~-

Z

'?L s

e BEAVER VALIIY P.S.

SilIPPINGPORT P.S.

To 4

s' -

=,. Me

$0

' ;M EO a

Jgqgg pg mz zm w

Sr 25 Oz 4

zy i

50 zo i

-i r

>m s

.._..____../,

I>

+

s.

m z h

hwtg L \\.,\\] T ' T

- l;,;cr!

pip 8

rr y

) 1 a.

-s

, !!.I ;j,

4.4 '

?

l%

FIGURE I-I VIEW OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS 1

l l

. I

't

.f

'[

+.,.,,;.....$

e

.Y h 8,

.._f-.,'O.'.

,s...>.:

'.e

.g. tr', r

..,,g 2 c p..',' ' '. g

y * g p,

..y+

....-,.....y

M M

M FICURE I-2 LOCATION OF STUDY AREA, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION, StilPPINCPORT, PENNSYLVANIA h

O H

ov.e

$$ m(Qt-..--

e W

4 g

J'p 1

P yg

.o

...m\\e f

ya

. ; c' py

/

unus,e q

g o u

/

o a

-a rows unis.o 5r

- e

{Cd e

i 1(

l'.

(

y " .,

ff l

/

+,p'#.)h,d**'N'.rmy yn

' d....u u tilltil5 II

,h O (

H"y$

comen sianoes a swrimorons j

..,.l j

l 54 t

~./ e l..;1"O..

L

""'\\"".**.

smerucroniarmc I

rome unnon

!3 g

y I

g i

I e

[

4,pi

._. 2.

J S

/e DYi

_j Yd.m i

3 j

q e

ao

.o 68E.8

I SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT population within a 5 mile (8 km) radius of the plant is approximately 18,000 and the only area of concentrated population is the Borough of Midland, Pennsylvania, which has a population of approximately 4,300.

I The site lies along the Ohio River in a valley which has a gradual slope extending from the river (elevation 665 ft. (203 m) above sea level) to an elevation of 1,160 f t. (354 m) along a ridge south of BVPS.

Plant I

entrance elevation at the station is approximately 735 ft. (224 m) above sea level.

I The station is situated on the Ohio River at river mile 34.8, at a location on the New Cumberland Pool that is 3.3 river miles (5.3 km) downstream from Montgomery Lock and Dam and 19.4 miles (31.2 km) up-stream from New Cumberland Lock and Dam.

The Pennsylvania-Ohio-West I

Virginia border is 5.2 river miles (8.4 km) downstream from the site.

The river flow is regulated by a series of dams and reservoirs on tne Beaver, Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers and their tributaries.

Flow generally varies from 5,000 to 100,000 cubic feet per second (cfs).

The range of flows in 1984 is shown on Figure I-3 as well as Table I-1.

Ohio River water temperatures generally vary from 32 to 82*F (0 to I

28'C).

Minimum and maximum temperatures generally occur in January and July / August, respectively.

During 1984, minimum temperatures were observed in January and maximum temperatures in August = (see Figure I-3 and Table I-1).

I BVPS No. I has a thermal rating of.2,660 megawatts (Mw) and an elec-I trical rating of 835 Mw.

The circulating water system is a closed cycle system using a cooling tower to minimize heat released to the Ohio River. Commercial operation of BVPS Unit 1 began in 1976.

I I

4 l

l l

_ A

-?

a.

I SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT C05tPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIR0hMENTAL REPORT

~

MAXIMUM DAILY AVERAGE t

n MONTHLY AVERAGE

\\

/

. MINIMUM D AILY AVERAGE iso -

I

\\

^

g f

i

\\

\\ /

1 y

\\

g 1

\\

g 100 f

\\

I I

\\

N

%'s's l

r~,

O T

/

so -

\\

l g

\\

/

\\ /

./

. ' /

- l o

J P

M A

M J

J A

S O

N D

I 80 -

l

,s

\\

/

N 70 -

A j

e

-x. x i

LU " '

/

\\

x i

\\

?

/

./

\\

l

\\

m

/

g

[so-

/

g I

2

/

\\

f

,l

\\

~

'/

N.

I 4

I i

i e

J l

I I

i I

J F

M A

M J

J A

S O

N D

MONTH FIGURE l-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (FLOW cfs) AND TEMPERATURE ( F), RECORDED A'T EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION. COMMISSION (ORSANCO),1984 I

--mu-*-m mm

m m

m W

TABLE I-1 01110 RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TEMPERATURE (*F) RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, 01110 (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY en WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSANCO) h I

1984 LC l

H l

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 3

Flow (cfs x 10 )

Itaximum Daily Average 47.3 179.0 123.0 169.5 126.5 76.3 85.2 69.3 19.1 43.9 76.6 70.0 Houthly Average 24.3 69.6 68.3 79.3 65.9 41.4 32.1 31.5 12.3 14.7 43.1 51.8

>g gh flinimum Daily Average 10.0 21.0 36.8 44.1 43.8 13.0 9.9 9.6 7.9 7.7 24.2 36.2 rn 5 o

b Temperature (*F)

ES[

Maximum Daily Value 36.8 43.4 44.8 57.1 63.9 76.5 78.4 80.6 76.2 69.6 65.8 44.0 o

Monthly Average 35.8 39.4 40.5 50.8 59.5 70.5 74.0 76.7 72.7 66.2 51.5 40.5 Il h

Minimum Daily Value 34.7 35.9 37.9 43.5 55.8 59.0 70.0 74.2 67.9 63.4 40.8 36.2 8s

i l SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT II.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS The 1984 BVPS Unit i non-radiological environmental monitoring program included surveillance and field sampling of Ohio River aquatic life, a

study of possible changes to soil pH and conductivity in the vicinity of the power plant, and. vegetation stress monitoring studies using aerial I

color infrared photography.

This is the nineth year of operational monitoring and, as in the previous operational monitoring years, no evidence of adverse environmental impact to the aquatic life in the Ohio River or vegetation near BVPS was observed.

I The aquatic environmental monitoring program included studies of:

I benthos, fish, ichthyoplankton, impingement and plankton entrainment.

Sampling was conducted for benthos and fish upstream and downstream of the plant during 1984 to assess potential impacts of BVPS discharges.

These data were also compared to preoperational and other operational data to assess long term trends.

Impingement and entrainment data were examined to determine the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plant use. The following paragraphs summarize these findings as well as those of the soils and vegetation monitoring studies.

Benthos.

The structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community I

during 1984 was similar to that observed during other operational years (1976 through 1983) and preoperational years (1973 through 1975).

Oligochaetes have been the most numercus organisms in the community each year and they comprised 91% by numbers of the community in 1984.

A similar oligochaete assemblage has been reported each year. Chironomids and mollusks comprised the remaining fraction (8%) of the macro-invertebrate community. Common genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, I

Branchiura, and Nais.

Substrate composition was probably the most important factor controlling the benthic macroinvertebrate community of the Ohio River near BVPS. Soft muck-type substrates along the shoreline were conducive to worm and midge proliferation, while limiting macro-invertebrates that require a more stable bottom.

The predominant macroinvertebrates were borrowing taxa typical of soft substrates. The I

potential nuisance clam, Corbicula, had increased in abundance from 1974 through 1976, but declined in number after 1977.

No Corbicula were I

7 I

l SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY su 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT collected during 1979 or 1980.

Corbicula were present in the 1981 through 1984 benthic surveys.

Analyses of data for Control and Non-control Stations found no evidence to indicate that thermal and chemical effluents released fror. BVPS were adversely affecting the Ohio River benthos.

I Phytoplankton. The phytoplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS exhibited a seasonal pattern similar to that observed in previous years and a pattern common to temperate, lotic environments.

Total cell densities were within the range observed during previous years. Diver-sity indices of phytoplankton were as high or higher than those pre-viously observed near BVPS.

Zooplankton.

Zooplankton densities throughout 1984 were typical of a I

temperate zooplankton community found in large river habitats.

Total densities were within the range of those reported in previous years.

Based on the data collected during the nine operating years (1976 through 1984) and the three preoperating years (1973 through 1975), it is concluded that the overall abundance and species composition of the zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable and possibly improved slightly over the 12-year period from 1973 to 1984.

No I

evidence of appreciable harm to the river phytoplankton and zooplankton from BVPS Unit 1 operation was found.

Fish.

Fish surveys, conducted during May, July, September and November 1984, collected a total of 619 fish, representing 37 fish species. One taxa was collected for the first time in 1984.

Collection methods I

included: electrofishing, gill nets, and minnow traps. The majority of fish (564) were captured by electrofishing.

Sauger (10 fish), carp (8 fish) and channel catfish (8 fish) comprised the majority of the gill netted fish (51).

Only four fish were col-lected in minnow traps. The lower success rate for gill nets and minnow traps in 1984 was attributed to high rivu flows and conecmitant tur-bidity nncountered on each of the sampling efforts.

I e

i

I I

SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Variations in annual total numbers of fish caught during preoperational and operational years are due primarily to fluctuations in numbers of small species (principally minnows and shiners).

Larger fish (carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, walleye and sauger) have remained I

common species near BVPS. Members of the pike family (northern pike and muskellunge) not collected during preoperational years were collected 1977 through 1984. Their presence and the presence of other sport fish is important because it demonstrates that the Ohio River is meeting the minimum water quality, habitat and food requirements of these desirable sport fish.

Differences in fish species, composition which were observed upstream and downstream of BVPS probably reflect habitat preferences of indi-vidual species.

No evidence was found to indicate that the fish I

community near BVPS has been adversely affected by BVPS operation.

No fish classified as endangered or threatened by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service were collected during 1984.

Ichthyoplankton. Ichthyoplankton (fish eggs, larvae and juveniles) data were evaluated to determine spawning activity near BVPS and, in par-I ticular, spawning in the back channel of Phillis Island.

Spawning activity was limited to June and July with little activity in April and May.

Minnow eggs (Cyprinidae sp.) accounted for 100% of the 44 eggs collected.

Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) comprised 46.7% (24 larvae and all 33 of the collected juveniles) of the total catch.

No adults were collected in 1984.

I Data collected from 1973 through 1984 in the back channel of Phillis Island, the channel receiving the majority of discharges from BVPS, indicated that this channel was not used any more extensively for spawning purposes than main channel areas.

No evidence was found to indicate BVPS operation was adversely affecting the ichthyoplankton of the Ohio River.

9 I

u

SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Impingement.

Impingement surveys were conducted for one 24-hour period per week in 1984. A total of 177 fish weighing 7.42 kg (16.4 lbs) were collected.

Gizzard. shad (28.8%), channel catfish (20.9%), bluegill (11.3%) and green sunfish (8.5%) comprised 69.5% of the annual catch.

Of the 177 fish collected, 58 (32.8%) were alive and returned via the I

discharge pipe to the Ohio River.

The majority of fish were less than 100 mm in length. The 1984 annual impingement catch was less than 1983 (216 fish), 1982 (227 fish), 1979 (262 fish), 1978 (654 fish), 1977 (10,322 fish) and 1976 (9,102 fish). However, it was slightly more than the 1980 (108 fish) and 1981 (141 fish) collections.

Entrainment.

Entrainment studies were performed to investigate the impact on the ichthyoplankton of withdrawing river water for in-plant use.

Entrainment-river transect surveys for ichthyoplankton were I

conducted to ascertain any changes in spawning activity occurring in the Ohio River adjacent to the BVPS intake. As in previous years, ichthyo-plankton were most abundant in June and July; collections were dominated by cyprinid (minnows and carps) and gizzard shad which together com-prised 83.8% of all eggs, larvae and juveniles collected.

Assuming actual entrcinment rates were similar to those found in 1976 through

1979, river abundance of ichthyoplankton indicate no substantial I

entrainment losses should have occurred in 1984 due to the operation of BVPS. Assessment of monthly phytoplankton and zooplankton data of past years, indicated that under worst-case conditions of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the phytoplankton and zooplankton j

passing the intake would be withdrawn by the BVPS circulating water system. This is considered to be a negligible loss of phytoplankton and l

zooplankton relative to river populations.

l Aerial Photography.

During the summer and fall of 1984, vegetation stress was monitored in the vicinity of the BVPS cooling cower.

Color l

infrared aerial photography, photointerpretation of the imagery, and f

field observations were used to detect stressed cr damaged vegetation l

l and to determine probable causes.

l l

l 10 lI

SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Of the'981 identified and delineated occurrences of stress, over 56%

were caused by natural factors. The predominant natural causes included insect infestation, (fall ~ webworm / eastern tent caterpillar and locust leaf miner / locust borer), poor drainage in low areas, overcrowding and overmaturity.

Thirty seven percent of the occurrences were categorized as unknown; the majority of these areas can be assumed to be of natural causes.

Less than 5% of the occurrences were attributable to human activities.

Based on interpretation of the CIR aerial photography and field veri-fication, there is no evidence to suggest that the BVPS cooling tower is causing vegetation stress.

Soil Chemistry. The pH and' specific conductance levels of soil samples collected in the vicinity of BVPS exhibited slight variations. Sampling points 2-1 and 2-2 exceeded the investigation levels, established for pH by the original seventy-five baseline samples, by 0.18 and 0.06 pH units., respectively. None of the mean conductivity values exceeded the investigation levels.

The fluctuations noted between years and seasons are attributed to natural phenomena (i.e.,

flooding, soil moisture).

Cooling tower drift did not have any measurable affects on either soil pH or specific conductance.

I l

ll l

i ll 11

SECTION III DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE In accordance with BVPS Unit 1 ETS, Appendix B to Operating License.No.

DPR-66, significant. environmental change analyses were reeaired on benthos, phytoplankton, and zooplankton data.

However, on February 26, 1980, the NRC granted DLCo a request to delete all the aquatic moni-toring program, with the exception of fish impingement, from the ETS (Amendment No. 25, License No. DPR-66).

In 1983, the NRC deleted the requirement for additional impingement studies.

However, in the interest of providing a non-disruptive data base between the start-up of BVPS Unit 1 and that of Unit 2 DLCo is continuing the aquatic monitor-ing studies.

I 12

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT IV.

MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS A.

MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS The Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS) that were developed and included as part of the licensing agreement for the BVPS, required that certain non-radiological chemicals and the temperature of the discharges be monitored and if limits were exceeded they had to be reported to the NRC.

During 1983, the NRC (Amendment No. 64) deleted these water quality requirements. The basis for this deletion is that the reporting requirements would be administered under the NPDES permit. However, the NRC requested that if any NPDES permit requirements were exceeded, that a copy of the violation be forwarded to the Director, o'f the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

I B.

HERBICIDES Monitoring and reporting of herbicide used for veed control during 1984, is no longer required as stated in Amendment No. 64; thus. this infor-mation is not included in this report.

I l

l I

I l I lI 1

l 13 L-

SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT V.

AQUATIC MONITORING PROGRAM A.

INTRODUCTION The environmental study area established to assess potential impacts consisted of three sampling transects (Figure V-A-1).

Transect 1 is located at river mile (RM 34.5) approximately 0.3 mi (0.5 km) upstream of BVPS and is the Control Transect.

Transect 2 is located approxi-mately 0.5 mi (0.8 km) downstream of the BVPS discharge structure.

Transect 2 is divided by Phillis Island; the main channel is designated Transect 2A and the back channel Transect 2B.

Transect 2B is the principal Non-Control Transect because the majority of aqueous dis-charges from BVPS Unit 1 are released to the back channel.

Transect 3 is located approximately 2 mi (3.2 km) downstream of BVPS.

Sampling dates for each of' the program elements are presented in Table V-A-1.

The following sections of this report present a summary of findings for each of the program elements.

I I

l I

l l

l I 14

M M

E El 8z

,,,,,, O kun

,ur k

g,

,{,,,

TRANSECT 3 Q.

e gg 8....

F l@m e

r i

H rn$

\\

b C.

I

/

man = ass-3

?.

p i.,

TRANSECT I Q8 NE TRANSECT 2A s;

,5 y

5 nmm DI DE AVER VAll_EY DISCilARGE o f g,,,,,,

on D2 S!!!PPlflGPORT DISCllARGE t

s.a..

D3 It4DilSTRIAL DISCllARGE i

__$.. ^R A i "^ ^l I E TRANSECT 2B gi;PP N,Gp,

{l,,,,,,_

issio STATION FIGURE V-A-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN TILE VICINITY OF Tile BEAVER VALLFY AND SilIPPINCPORT POWER STATIONS n

M M

M TABLE V-A-1 AQUATIC HONITORING PROGRAM SAMPLING DATES 1984 BVPS y

4 5

Month Benthos Fish Impingement Ichthyoplankton Phyto-and Zooplankton Z

January 6, 20, 27 20 February 3, 10, 18, 24 17 March 2, 9, 16, 23, 30 9

r.

April 13, 20, 27 16 13 May 10 10, 11 4, 11, 18, 25 10 18 c@

$U r

June 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 8

22 mM z<r July 12, 13 6, 13, 20, 27 12 13 yM

$5 August 3, 12, 17, 24, 31 24 mn September 6

6, 7 7, 14, 21, 28 14 h

October 5, 12, 19, 26 12 O

November 6, 7.

2, 9, 16, 23, 30 9

H December 7, 14, 21, 28 7

0

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT B.

BENTH0S Objectives To characterize the benthos of the Ohio River near BVPS and to determine the impacts, if any, of BVPS operations.

I.

Methods Benthic surveys were performed in May and September, 1984.

Benthos I

samples were collected at Transects 1,

2A, 2B and 3 (Figure V-B-1),

using a Ponar grab sampler. Duplicate samples were taken off the south shore at Transects 1, 2A and 3.

Sampling at Transect 2B, in the back channel of Phillis Island, consisted of a single ponar grab at the south, middle and north side of the channel.

Each grab was washed within a U.S. Standard No. 30 sieve and the remains I

placed in a bottle and preserved with 10% formalin.

In the laboratory, macroinvertebrates were sorted from each sample, identified to the lowest possible taxon and counted. Mean densities (numbers /m ) for each 2

taxon were calculated for each of two replicates and three back channel samples.

Three species diversity indices were calculated:

Shannon-Weiner and Evenness indices (Pielou 1969), and the number of species (taxa).

Habitats Substrate type was an important factor in determining the composition of the benthic community. Two distinct benthic habitats exist in the Ohio River near BVPS. These habitats were the result of damming, channeliza-tion, and river traffic.

Shoreline habitats were generally sof t muck substrates composed of sand, silt and detritus.

An exception occurs along the north shoreline of Phillis Island at Transect 2A where clay and sand predominate.

The other distinct habitat, hard substrate, is I

located at midriver. The hard substrate may have been initially caused by channelization and scoured by river currents and turbulence from co=cercial boat traffic.

Thirty-seven macroinvertebrate taxa were identified during the 1984 monitoring program (Table V-B-1).

Species composition during 1984 was 17 I

m M

M M

M El 3z sooo e

seco seoe

h tu r' ecats k

i 4

2 3

A g

N

'T DE e......

gg 2= - - -.

' t.9 O

h$

)

1 N

fg m

,7 '., %

i i

e s

8e

\\,

ll mo u-e y E5 ex.

IEGEND

. [ 2A 1YMROL2.

eo g

A SAf4PLING STATION o

Di BEAVER VALLEY DISCHARGE

/

en D2 SillPPINSPORT Ot3CllARGE I=

B-3 STATION NUMBER g

D3 INDUSTRIAL DISCilARGE 28 I

e AfD TO NAVIGATION

TR ANSMISSION LINE SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATION POWER STATION I

l FIGURE V-B-1 BENT 110S SAMPLING STATIONS. BVPS 1

.1

M M

TABLE V-B-1 SYSTDfATIC LIST OF MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN Tile 01110 RIVER NEAR BVPS en Preoperational Orarational y

1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

_980 1981 1982 1983 1984 ea Porifera O

Z Spongilla fragilis X

Cnidaria

!!ydrozoa Clavidae Cordylophora lacustris X

X X

X lfydridae Craspedacusta sowerbyi X

Ilydra sp.

X X

X G

co Platyhelminthes Tricladida X

X X

gts Rhabdocoela X

X X

j Nemertea X

X X

e Nematoda X

X X

X z

w tn tv2 Entoprocta k t-p y' Urnatella gracilis X

X X

X Ectoprocta Federicella sp.

X X

tn n Paludicella articulata X

X go Pectinatella sp.

X

=

Plumatella sp.

X M

Annelida Oligochaeta O

Aeolosomatidae X

X X

X y

Enchytracidae X

X X

Naididae Amphichaeta leydigli X

Amphichaeta sp.

X Arctconais lomondi X

X X

Aulophorus sp.

X X

Chaetogaster diaphanus X

X X

X C. diastrophus X

X X

N ro digitata X

X X

D. nivea X

X N ro sp.

X X

Nits barbata X

X U retscheri X

X X

l N. communis X

X X

N. elinguis X

M M

M TABLE V-B-1 (Continued)

Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 en N. variabilis X

Q" t

Nais sp.

X X

X NEldonais serpentina X

X H

Paranais frici X

X X

z g

Paranais sp.

X Pristina osborni X

X X

P. sima X

X X

Pristina sp.

X Slavina appendiculata X

Stephensoniana trivandrana X

X X

X Stylaria lacustris X

X X

Uncinais uncinata X

Vejdovskyella Gitermedia X

Tubificidae cm Aulodrilus limnobius X

X X

A. pigueti X

X X

> ts A pluriseta X

X X

X gp Earthrioncurum vejdovskyanum X

X X

X c: c; Branchiura sowerby1 X

X X

X

>m-TIyodriius templetoni X

X X

"E go Limnodrilus cervix X

X X

X fu t'a L. cervix (variant)

X X

$td E. claparedelanus X

X X

X HH E. hoffmeisteri X

X X

X

$ n; U

E, spiralis X

X X

y" E. udekemianus X

X X

X rn O Elmnodrilus sp.

X ZO Peloscolex multisetosus longidentus X

X X

X hk P. m. multisetosus X

X X

t* D Potamothrix moldaviensis X

X X

Q P. vejdovskyi X

X Psammaryctides curvisetosus X

mo Tubtfex tubitex X

X X

X Unidentified immature torms:

with hair chaetae X

X X

X without hair chaetae X

X X

X Lumbriculidae X

X lif rudinea Glossiphoniiue llelobdella elongata X

X Helchdella stagnalis X

llelodbella sp.

X Erpobdellidae Erpobdella sp.

X Noreobdella microstoma X

X

m M

M M

TABLE V-B-1 (Continued)

Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 en Arthropoda Acarina X

X X

H Ostracoda X

X X

"o Amphipoda Z

Talltridae Ilya11ela azteca X

X Cammaridae Crangonyx pseudogracilis X

Crangonyx sp.

X Gamarus fasciatus X

X X

Gammarus sp.

X X

Decapoda X

Collembolla X

G Ephemeroptera 00 lieptageniidae X

X Stenacron sp.

X X

t:s g$

stenonema sp.

X Ephemeridae CC liexagenia sp.

X Caenidae g

g e

Caents sp.

X X

Tricorythodes sp.

X g

< td Ephemeridae Fphemera sp.

X o :I:

NegIoptera

$d Sta11s sp.

X MO Odonata

%O Comphidae Dromogomphus spoliatus X

g Dromogomphus sp.

X gM Gomphus sp.

X X

Trichoptera go Psychomyidae W

Polycentropus sp.

X g

liydropsychidae X

Cheumatopsyche sp.

X X

Hydropsyche sp.

X liydroptilidae flydroptila sp.

X 0xyethira sp.

X Leptoceridae Oecetis sp.

X X

Coleoptera X

liydrophilidae X

Elmidae Ancyronyx variegatus X

Imbiraphia sp.

X X

X llelichus sp.

X

m m

M M

M N

m m

m TABLE V-B-1 (Continued)

Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 en Stenelmis sp.

X X

X y

Psephenidae H

Diptera Ho Unidentified Diptera X

X X

z Psychodidae X

Pericoma sp.

X 4

Psychoda sp.

X Telmatoscopus sp.

I Unidentified Psychodidae pupae X

Chaoboridae Chaoborus sp.

X X

X Simu11dae Simillum sp.

X y

Chironomidae co Chironominae X

Chironominae pupa X

X X

ge Chironomus sp.

X X

j Cladopelma sp.

X hc:

Cryptochironomus sp.

X X

%[

Dicrotendipes nervosus X

Z y

Dicrotendipes sp.

X X

y t'1 G1 ptotendipes sp.

X X

X dM J

llarnischia sp.

X X

yy Micropsectra sp.

X o gz:

Microtendipes sp.

X yH Parachtronomus sp).

X X

Hn Polypedilum (s.s.

convictum type X

$. O P. (s.s.) simulans type X

p Polypedilum sp.

X X

M Kheotanytarsus sp.

X X

g Stenochironomus sp.

X X

Q Stictochirononnis sp.

X o

Tanytarsus sp.

X X

X W

Xenochironomus sp.

X Tanypodinae Ablabesmyia sp.

X X

Coelotanypus scapularis X

X X

X Procladius (Procladius)

X X

Procladius sp.

X X

1hienemannimyia group X

X X

7avrelimyia sp.

X Orthocladiinae X

Orthocladiinae pupae X

Cricotopus bicinctus X

C. (s.s.) trifascia X

Ericotopus (Isocladius) sylvestris Group X

C.

(Isocladius) sp.

X

M M

TABl.E V-B-1 (Continued)

Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 197F 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 vs Cricotopus (s.s.) sp.

X X

X Q

Eukief feriella sp.

X X

X H

liydrobaenus sp.

X y

1.imnophyes sp.

X Z

Nannocladius (s.s.) distinctus I

X X

4 Nannocladius sp.

X Orttmcladius sp.

X X

X Parametriocnemus sp.

X X

Paraphaenocladius sp.

X X

Psectrocladius sp.

X X

Pseudorthocladius sp.

X Pseudosmittia sp.

X X

Smittia sp.

X X

X G

Diamesinae oo Diamesa sp.

X Potthastia sp.

X gts Ceratopogonidae X

X X

X j

Dolichopodidae X

X bc Empididae X

X X

kledemannia sp.

X y

Ephydridae X

g y

Huscidae X

X

<: t*

khagionidae X

yy Tipulidae X

Stratiomy11dae X

og Q

Syrphidae X

Fs n 1.epidoptera X

X X

ZO Mollusca Castropoda Ancylidae Ferrissia sp.

X X

g Planorbidae X

o y

Valvatidae Valvata perdepressa y

Pelecypoda X

Corbiculidae Corbicula manilensis*

X X

X Sphaeridae X

X X

Pisidium sp.

X X

Sphaerium sp.

X X

Unidentified immature Sphaeriidae X

X X

X Unionidae Anadonta grandis X

Elliptio sp.

X Unidentified immature Unionidae X

X X

Recent literature relegated all North American Corbicula to be Corbicula fluminea.

SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT similar to that observed during previous preoperational (1973 through 1975) and operational (1976 through 1983) years.

The macroinvertebrate assemblage during 1984 was composed primarily of burrowing organisms typical of soft unconsolidated substrates.

Oligochaetes (worms) and chironomid (midge) larvae were abundant (Tables V-B-2, V-B-3, and V-B-4).

Common genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Nais, and Paranais.

Common genera of chironomids were Polypedilum, Procladius, Cryptochironomus, Coelotanypus, and Chironomus.

The Asiatic clam (Corbicula), which was collected from 1974 through 1978, has been I

collected in the 1981 through 1984 surveys.

None were collected during 1979 or 1980 surveys.

No ecologically important additions of species were encountered during 1984 nor were any threatened or endangered species collected.

I Community Structure and Spatial Distribution Oligochaetes accounted for the highest percentages of the macroinverte-brates at all sampling stations in both May and September (Figure V-B-2).

Density and species composition variations observed within the BVPS study area were due primarily to habitat differences and the tendency of certain types of macroinvertebrates (e.g.,

oligochaetes) to cluster.

Overall, abundance and species composition throughout the study area were similar.

I In general, the density of macroinvertebrates during 1984 was lowest at Transect 2A and higher at Transects 1, 2B, and 3 where substrates near the shore were composed of soft mud or various combinations of sand and silt.

The lower abundance at Transect 2A was probably related to substrate conditions (clay and sand) along the north shore of Phillis Island.

I 1

l l

Comparison of Control and Non-Control Stations No adverse impact to the benthic community was observed during 1984.

This conclusion is based on a comparison of data collected at Transect 1 I

24 lI

m M

M M

TABLE V-B-2 MEAN NUMBER OF MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION M

2 OF OLIGOCHAETA, CllIRONOMIDAE MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS,1984 Q

BVPS

$z STATION 1

2A 2B 3

/m

/m'

/m g

gj,2 g

3 2

May 10 E

Oligochaeta 2,691 98 10 100 408 66 996 89 Chironomidae 50 2

165 27 69 6

E Mollusca 27 4

Others 21 3

50 5

% Cl is m$

Totals 2,741 100 10 100 621 100 1,115 100

$e EE Ei Me September 6 g

re 011gochaeta 1,261 94 602 75 801 97 1,133 95

,a chironomidae 80 6

158 20 20 2

30 2.5 Q

Mollusca 40 5

30 2.5 S

Others 7

1 H

Totals 1,341 100 800 100 828 100 1,193 100 x

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

)

TABLE V-B-3 2

BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE I

FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL OHIO RIVER, MAY 10 1984 BVPS STATION Taxa 1

2A 2B 3

Nematoda 10 Entoprocta Urnatella gracilis

+

Annelida 011gochaeta eggs

+

Chaetogaster diaphanus 30 10 Nais _barbha 7

Nais communis 13 Nais sp.

59 66 40 Ophidonas serpentina 10 Paranais frici 20 Stephensoniana trivandrana 10 Stylaria lacustris 20 Aulodrilus pigueti 10 Limnodrilus cervix 20 20 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 296 72 88 Limnodrilus udekemianus 20 10 l

Potamothrix vejdovskyi 10 Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 2,167 217 670 ~

Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 49 13 138 l

Lumbriculidae 10 Arthropoda Gammarus sp.

20 Ephemeroptera Hexagenia sp.

7 Diptera Chironomus sp.

20 46 10 Xenochironomus sp.

7 Cryptochironomus sp.

26 Parachironomus sp.

7 I

Polypedilum sp.

10 72 Ablabesmyia sp.

7 Coelotanypus scapularis 10 I

Procladius sp.

10 39 Ortnocladius sp.

20 Ceratopogonidae 20 I

Terrestrial diptera 10 7

Terrestrial insect 7

26 l

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-B-3 l

(Continued)

STATION Taxa 1

2A 2B 3

(

Mollusca Corbicula man 11ensis*

7 Sphaerium sp.

20 Total 2,741 10 621 1.115

+ Indicates organisms present.

Recent literature (1979) relegated all North American Corbicula to Corbicula fluminea 27 J

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

TABLE V-B-4 2

BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL OHIO RIVER, SEPTEMBER 6, 1984 BVPS I

STATION Taxa 1

2A 2B 3

Entoprocta Urnatella gracilis

+

I Annelida Oligochaeta eggs

+

Dero sp'.

39 I

Nais communis 10 Pristina osborni 20 Branchiura sowerby1 20 13 10 Ilyodrilus templetoni 20 Limnodrilus cervix 59 30 46 40 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 207 188 190 168 Limnodrilus udekemianus 108 10 I

Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 818 246 545 699 Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 88 10 7

206 Arthropoda Gammarus sp.

7 Diptera Chironomus sp.

Cryptochironomus sp.

30 30 13 10 Harnischia sp.

20 10 20 Polypedilum sp.

10 10 Tanypodinae 10 Coelotanypus scapularis 20 7

I Procladius sp.

10 98 Mollusca Sphaerium sp.

40 30 Total 1,341 800 828 1,193

+ Indicates organisms present.

28

Il jl l

l M

,mQU* <

ecf!UM i oOkh E

8e D mmE wm8~

M

_ 4)

Sl, 8

9 M

1 3

8 M

-.;;': :V:( 9 1

~

2 8

yi.

9 1

M R

E 1

8 V

tw 9 I

R i

1 I

-l O S S

M B

R H R A

O A 0

E E

E Y 8

r 9

Y H

L T

M vN O

1 L

A N N A

I I

Y T

9 O

T A

7 I

I ay; 9

T N R M

A U E 1

M P R

M O E

M9 O D 8

P C N 7

O A

M 1

S 2 O L H A S

T N m7 7

-V N O I

E E

M T

A

9 E S A

1 R

A TE D S U E R R

G H E I

A M T P E

m8 I

F O

HO H 7

F E

M CN T 9

O R OO O N P 1

GR O G L

I I

I L H L T N I

O C A S R I

O U P D 0l. g 5

M S 7

S O P h1 9

R C V S

1 A

T E

N R Y

E A C E s4 7

L R N 9

A E

M 1

N P

vO N

I A

T E

3 e";

7 A

M 9

M R

1 EP 2

7 O

s ;- 0 E

M 7

R 9

P

^

0 0

0 o

o e

0 0

a o

0 8

8 r

s s

4 3

1 so45m0 b*-

u M

e l

llll\\

1Ill1 lll1l!

l1lll1l1ill l

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

(Control) and 2B (Non-Control) and on analyses of species composition and densities.

Data indicate that oligochaetes were usually predominant throughout the study area (Figure V-B-2).

Abundant taxa at Transects 1 and 2B in both May and September were im=ature tubificids without capilliform chaetae I

(Tables V-B-3 and V-B-4).

In May, the oligochaetes which were common or abundant at both stations were Nais sp. and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri.

In September, the oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Nais communis, and Branchiura sowerbyi, and the midges Procladius sp.,

Coelotanypus scapularis, Polypedilum sp. and Chironomus sp. were the common organisms collected at both stations.

In previous surveys, a greater variety of organisms have been found at Transect 2B than at Transect 1.

This usually results in a slightly higher Shannon-Weiner diversity and evenness at Transect 2B (Table I

V-B-5).

In September 1984, a greater diversity of organisms was collected at the control station, however, the mean number of taxa and Shannon-Weiner indices for the back channel were within the range of values observed for other stations in the study area.

Differences observed between Transect 1 (Control) and 2B (Non-Control) and between other stations could be related to differences in habitat. None of the differences were attributed to BVPS operation.

I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Composition, percent occurrence and overall abundance of macroinverte-brates has changed little from preoperational years through the current study year. Oligochaetes have been the predominant macroinvertebrate in the community each year and they comprised approximately 91% of the individuals collected in 1984 (Figure V-B-2).

A similar oligochaete assemblage has been reported each year.

Chironomids and mollusks have composed the remaining fractions of the community each year.

The potential nuisance clam, Corbicula, had increased in abundance from 1974 through 1976, but declined in number during 1977. Since 1981, Corbicul:

have been collected in the benthic surveys including 1984.

I 30 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-B-5 MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES I

COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER, 1984 BVPS I

STATION 1

2A 2B 3

DATE: May 10 No. of Taxa 10 1

8 10 I

Shannon-Weiner Index 1.40 2.31 2.05 Evenness 0.37 0.79 0.61 I

DATE: September 6 I

No. of Taxa 8

10 4

7 Shannon-Weiner Index 1.92 2.59 0.94 1.74 Evenness 0.64 0.80 0.38 0.62 g

- v.r.., -,B.

c.1 a... 1a -....

I I

I 31 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

Total macroinvertebrate densities for Transect 1 (Control) and 2B (Non-Control) for each year since 1973 are presented in Table V-B-6.

Mean densities of macroinvertebrates gradually increased from 1973 through 1976 (BVPS Unit 1 start-up) through 1983.

The 1984 data, although showing no increase, is well within the range of pre-operational and operational year data.

Mean densities have frequently been higher in the back channel of Phillis Island (Non-Control) as compared to den-I sities at Transect 1 (Control).

In years such as 1984 (also 1983, 1981, 1980, 1979) when mean densities were lower at Transect 2B than at Transect 1 the differences were negligible. These differences could be related to substrate, variability, and randomness of sample grabs.

Higher total densities of macroinvertebrates in the back channel (Tran-sect 2B) as compared to Transect I was probably due to the morphology of the river.

Mud, silt sediments and slow current were predominant at Transect 2B creating conditions more favorable for burrowing macro-invertebrates in comparison to Transect 1, which has little protection I

from river currents and turbulence caused by commercial boat traffic.

Summary and Conclusions Substrate was probably the most important factor controlling the distri-bution and abundance of the benthic macroinvertebrates in the Ohio River near BVPS. Soft muck-type substrates along the shoreline were conducive to vorm and midge proliferation, while limiting macroinvertebrates which I

require a more stable bottom.

At the shoreline stations, 011gochaeta accounted for 91% of the macrobenthos collected, while Mollusca and Chironomidae each accounted for about 8% and 1% respectively.

Community structure has changed little since preoperational years and there was no evidence that BVPS operations were affecting the benthic I

community of the Ohio River.

I I

I 22 I

g.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY g

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2

=

I

-a

~

-h h

a a

e'

~

e

~

a.

I l

m m

a a,

a a

a I

e m

8 O

e.

4 i

m i

h N l I

0

~

1 n

O I

3

.k 6

a q

2 8

I

=

aW

=.

8 n

I li

-=

ej

=

125 1

1 I

9 5

-yC E~b 2

2 a

6 6

=.

4 b2ot e

I 3

g 2

a a

55 n

n" a "

Ca

~

S.

E 2

R a

.5

.A#33 I

8g s

s a

=

i n

=ug e

w m

8g n_

=

x

=

I me e

e 4

a I

I I'

3 0

2 a

b Y

d~

q I

~

e

=

R 3

~

e

?

2 2 2 7 0

g n

a

~

4 8

2 n ;- -

a

'{

~

S

~

q I

l e

- N h

h M

~

~ ~

n I

~

~l

=.

A T I

e

~

~ -

o h

b "i !1 5 r e i

!. 1 d

I A a a : 2 8 e a e a 2 1

33 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMEETAL REPORT I

C.

PHYTOPLANKTON Objectivas Plankton sampling was conducted to determine the condition of the phytoplankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS and to assess possible environmental impact to the phytoplankton resulting from the operation of Unit 1.

I Methods One entrainment sample was' collected monthly.

Each sample was a one-i gallon sample taken from below the skimmer wall from one operating intake bay of Unit 1.

This one-gallon sample was preserved with Lugol's solution and was used for the analyses of both phytoplankton and zooplankton.

I In the laboratory, a known aliquot of well-mixed sample was concentrated by settling, the supernatant was decanted and the concentrate diluted to I

a final volume.

An aliquot of 0.1 m1 from the final concentrate was placed in a Palmer-Maloney cell and examined at 400X magnification.

A minimum of 200 cells were identified and counted in each sample.

For each collection date, volume of the final concentrate was adjusted depending on cell density, however the same area of the Palmer cell was examined for all samples.

A Hyrax diatom slide was also prepared I

monthly from each sample.

This slide was examined at 1000X magnifica-tion in order to make positive identification of the diatoms.

Densities (cells /ml), Shannon-Weiner and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calcu-laced for each monthly sample.

Seasonal Distribution Total cell densities of phytoplankton from stations on the Ohio River and in the intake samples have been similar during the past years I

(Annual Environmental Reports 1976-1983)

Species composition has also been similar in entrainment s mples and those from the Ohio River (DLCo 1980). Therefore, samples collected from the intake bays should provide I

34 I

1 SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

an adequate characterization of the phytoplankton community in the Ohio River.

During 1984, January and March collections had the fewest phytoplankton present in the samples with mean densities of 461 and 246 cells /ml, respectively (Table V-C-1 and Figure V-C-1).

Total mean densities increased monthly from March through August, peaked in September and October, and decreased in November and December (Table V-C-1) to a low of 608 cells /ml in December (Figure V-C-2).

I Diatoms (Chrysophyta), blue-green algae (Cyanophyta), and green algae (Chlorophyta) were generally the most abundant groups of the phyto-

~

plankton during 1984 (Table V-C-1 and Figure V-C-2).

The relative abundance for the group microflagellates was highest in April and December making up 38% and 31% of the total numbers observed in these I

months respectively.

Relative density of blue-green algae (Cyanophyta) were highest during August (20%) and September (35%) (Table V-C-1).

Diversity indices for the phytoplankton during 1984 are presented in Table V-C-2.

Shannon-Weiner indices ranged from 3.06 to 4.89, evenness values from 0.55 to 0.83, and richness values from 5.05 to 8.95.

High diversity values occurred in 11 of the 12 months.

The lowest value for Shannon-Weiner Index occurred in April; however, the lowest number of species occurred in January when microflagellates and small centric diatoms were predominant.

Highest number of taxa (60) occurred in I

February.

Phytoplankton communiM es were generally dominated by different taxa each season.

The most abundant taxa during winter (January through March) were Chlorophyta I,

Schizothrix calcicola, and small centrics (Table V-C-3).

Generally, the group Chlorophyta I were small (5 to 15 um), unicellular, green algae which were probably separated from a I

colony and were very difficult to positively identify.

Small centric diaccms that were present in all phytoplankton samples were the most common organisms in the spring, and included several small (4 to 12 um dia.) species.

Positive species identification was not possible during I

35 I

m W

W W

M M

M TABLE V-C-1 MONTHLY PliYT0 PLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION j

FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984 g

BVPS Q

8z Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Croup

/ml

/ml

~#/ml

/ml T/ml

/ml Chlorophyta 116 25 36 5

30 13 5

<1 130 10 412 17 Chrysophyta 221 48 580 79 178 71 344 55 924 68 1,404 58 Cyanophyta 33 7

80 11 14 6

18 3

10

<1 76 3

Cryptophyta 7

2 6

1 8

3 21 3

160 12 180 7 g Microflagellates 78 17 26 4

12 5

240 38 120 9

340 14

Other Groups 6

1 2

<1 4

2 0

0 10

<1 24 1 gg EN Total 461 100 730 100 246 100 628 100 1,354 100 2,436 100 p p, 5

mN Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec l

Croup

/ml

/ml

/mi

/ml

/ml

/ml og j

Chlorophyta 333 15 1,531 22 1,964 20 2,692 29 306 18 70 12 Chrysophyta 1,134 52 3,424 48 4,052 41 4,860 53 1,122 64 234 39 I

Cyanophyta 75 4

1,413 20 3,460 35 1,292 14 8

<1 70 12 hq Cryptophyta 210 8

580 8

260 3

200 2

80 5

40 7

Microflagellates 405 19 160 2

160 2

100 1

220 13 190 31 g l

Other Groups 12

<1 28

<1 120 1

40

<1 8

<1 4

<1 a

Total 2,169 100 7,136 100 10,016 100 9,184 100 1,744 100 608 100

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

JAN=JUL 1974, AUG=0CT 1974 & 1975, NOV=DEC 1975

~ ~ ~ A VERA GE: 19 78= 1983

~ ' ~* 19 84 f 3500-

/

\\

f 12000-I

\\

t\\

g l

l 10600-3 rl f

y /g l\\

gi

'aa*

e

/

I l\\

i

\\-

i l

5

~ 7300=

l

}

j

\\'g I

I 1

l

\\\\

o e000-I I

\\

l I

I 4600 I

I

\\

3000-l I

1 \\

i

\\

/

\\

I

\\j l

\\, \\

ssow u

v

=.-~.s.. -

l 0

4

p y

g y

4 4

=g

=3 o

y g..

e MONTH FIGURE V-C= 1 SEASONAL PA TTERN OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE CHIO RIVER i

DURING PREOPERA TIONAL (1974-1975) AND OPERA TIONA: [*976=1984) YEARS BVPS I

37

~~

~,

SECTION V DUQUESNE LICHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

, I CHLOROPHYTA A

~ ~ ~ CNRYSO9NYTA j

C YANOPHYTA CRYPT 09NYTA & LIICR0 FLAGELLA TES l m SCALE CHANGE j

4000-

/

\\

/

g 1

/

i h

I I

\\

3000 I

.\\

\\

I I

'\\

\\

a I

/

1 I

t j

2 200@

l

\\

l 0

I

\\

I l

n.

/

4 f

f 000-g

/

\\

\\.

\\

j

, ' O :..,..? E....._ _... _... /

i

\\

s

/

ggy..

1....

........-............ x... K Y ~

f 150 100=

f s*

}

50~

/

.-.../

\\..' /

J F 'W A

M J'

J

'A S. '0

N

'D

/

MONTH FIGURE V-C=2 PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1984 GVPS 38 L

M M

M TABLE V-C-2 PilYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984 BVPS y

0 5x Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun No. of Species 32 60 36 46 41 51 Shannon-Weiner Index 4.02 4.89 4.30 3.06 4.37 4.48 Evenness 0.80 0.83 0.82 0.55 0.81 0.79 hg 5"

ph Richness 5.05 8.95 6.54 6.98 5.55 6.41 rn$

w*

%e Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec E5 X

og n

No. of Species 57 54 51 53 54 44 48 r>

Shannon-Weiner Index 4.34 4.03 4.38 4.00 4.59 4.10 4.21 E

h Evenness 0.74 0.70 0.77 0.70 0.80 0.75 0.76 e

Richness 7.29 5.97 5.43 5.70 7.10 6.71 6.47

m mm M

m M

M M

M TABLF V-C-3 DENSITIES (N amber /ml) 0F HOST ABUNDANT PIIYT0 PLANKTON TAXA (Fifteen Most Abundant On Any Date)

COLLECTU) FROH ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES JANUARY TilROUGI DECEMBER 1984 BVPS g

nH Taxa Jan Feb Mar g

g Jun Jul g

Sep, Oct No ?

Dec o

CYAtOPIIYTA Z

Aphanizomenon flos aquae 9

104 20 Aphanocapsa elachista 600 Chroccoccus minimus 500 Coelosphaerium dubium 240 yl. _gby_a limnetica 2

1 32 32 14 a

rierismopedia tenuissima 400 116 Microcystis aeruginosa 477 5

Oscillatoria sp.

12 4

00 Schizothrix calcicola 15 74 14 15 10 24 42 72 8

50 QiiDROPilYTA PD dM dC Actinastria hantzschii 6

96 136 h$'

d Ankistrodesmus convolutus 36 4

2 1

16 8

12 160 200 140 20 4

7.

O Ankistrodesmus falcatus 9

6 3

12 40 12 12 84 60 4

4

@M Chlamydomonas sp.

6 2

4 80 60 3

20 40 20 10 2

< t*

Crucinenia tetrapedia 80 16 H H Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum o

112 200 128 Elakotothrix viridis y

72 10 M

Glucocystis planktonica 8

4 48 128 80 Mn l'irchneriella lunaris 4

O Hougeotia sp.

46 Scenedesmus acuminatus 20 60 64 140 64 Scenedesmus bicellularis 40 30 260 20 g

Scenedesimis bi u a 4

60 Scenedesmus crua r cauda 4

3 16 28 18 24 152 16 N

Om Schroderia retigera 3

20 10 Telenastrum minutum 20 15 80 20 Selenastrum westil Terrastrum heteracanthum 16 96 40 Ulothrix sp.

2 78 Chlorophyta 1 42 14 12 80 60 380 10 20 OIRYSOPilYTA Achnanthes minutissima 14 4

4 80 60 30 10 Asterionella fannosa 37 12 12 22 3

84 24 236 38 42 Cymbella ventricosa 22 8

2 14 20 12 Diatoma tenue 2

12 3

3 40 4

2 Dinebryon sertularia 1

4 Fragtlaria crotonensis 66 8

40 180 160 4

4 Tragilaria vaucheriae 18 4

4 30 2

4 0

m mm m

m M

M M

M TABLE V-C-3 (Continued)

Taxa Jan Feb h

M h

Jun Jul g

Sep Oct Nov Dec Coniphonema parvulum 30 4

5 4

6 40 4

cn TEinstra ambigua 7

54 10 13 44 40 42 20 448 120 186 Q

Melost ra distans 13 40 24 6

300 640 3,000 120 20 H

Helosira granulata 8

8 40 30 40 280 496 64 30 Q

tk=lostra varians 3

34 20 7

52 18 24 16 36 20 Le Navicula c_ryptocephala 6

48 7

17 40 28 30 40 6

havicula rat.fosa v. tenella 16 1

20 2

4 Navicula salinarium

v. intermedia 12 178 4

6 4

22 4

Navicula viridula 1

80 17 47 48 54 40 20 8

22 10 Nitzschia acicularis 1

1 10 16 75 6

Nitzschia dissip2ta 2

8 4

2 4

40 6

40 2

2 Nitzschia holsetica 4

20 64 288 68 2

Nitzschia palea 36 2

7 10 60 6

20 8

6 G

Skeletonema potamos 150 240 520 40 60 co Surirella ovata 12 4

2 10 8

12 2

Synedra filifonnis 21 3

5 30 36 45 12 2

2 ts Synedra tenera 46 j

JS nedra ulna 2

22 4

124 12 4

40 12 2

c:

Synura u W a 10 2

126 8

4

%Q Small Centrics 66 52 60 180 160 600 450 2,480 1,420 460 270 30 b

g CRYl'TOPilYTA N

<M$N Cryptomonas erosa 7

8 80 100 30 200 100 80 20 10 og Rhodomonas minuta 6

8 12 80 80 180 380 160 120 60 30

@Mo HICROFlJLCEll.ATES 78 26 12 240 120 340 405 160 160 100 220 190

$P Total Phytoplankton 461 730 246 628 1,354 2,436 2,169 7,136 10,016 9,184 1,744 608 P

n M Total of Hast Abundant Taxa 431 626 223 592 1,248 2,204 1,962 6,749 5,380 6,824 1,576 576 Q

Percent Composition of Host oy Abundant Phytoplankton 94 88 91 94 92 91 91 95 54 74 90 95

SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

quantitative analysis at 400X magnification.

Burn mount analysis at 1000X magnification revealed the group "small centrics" included pri-marily Cyclotella

atomus, C.

pseudostelligera, C_.

meneghiniana, Stephanodiscus hantzschii, and S. astraea. The most abundant organisms in the summer surveys included Skeletonema potamos, Melosira distans, Rhodomonas minuta, and small centrics.

Small centrics, Melosira I

distans, and M,. granulata were the most abundant organisms collected in October, November and December.

Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations after April 1, 1980 due to a reduction in the scope of the aquatic sampling' program, therefore, comparison of data was not possible in 1984.

I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data The seasonal succession of phytoplankton varied frou year to year, but in general the phytoplankton taxa has remained generally consistent.

Phytoplankton communities in running waters respond quickly to changes in water temperature, turbidity, nutrients, velocity and turbulence (Hynes 1970). The phytoplankton from the Ohio River near BVPS generally exhibited a bimodal pattern of annual abundance.

During the preopera-tional year 1974, total densities peaked in August and October while in operational years of 1976 through 1979, mean peak densities occurred in I

June and September (DLCo 1980).

Total phytoplankton densities also displayed a bimodal pattern in 1984 although the spring peak was greatly reduced due to high silt loads in May and June (Figure V-C-2).

In general, the phytoplankton community in 1984 was similar to those of preoperational and operational years.

No major change in species

[

composition or community structure was observed during 1984.

The small differences in the phytoplankton community between 1984 and the previous um years are believed to be due to natural fluctuations and were not a result of BVPS operations.

Yearly mean Shannon-Weiner diversity indices from 1973 through 1984 were similar (except during 1973 when the value was much lower) ranging from W

42 I

m m

M M

M e

m M

M M

m 1

TABLE V-C-4 PliYT0 PLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES (MEAN OF All SAMPLES 1973 TO 1984)

NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF T!!E 011I0 RIVER BVPS Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Y

H 1973 No.ofSpecieg 7

2 13 24 27 28 30 24 17 16 19 Z

Shannon Index 1.55 0.54 No 0.63 1.64 2.28 3.55 3.72 No 3.37 3.25 3.27 2.38 Evenness 0.33 0.15 Sample 0.11 0.25 0.35 0.55 0.52 Sample 0.50 0.54 0.53 0.38 4

Richness 1.24 0.29 1.50 2.63 3.17 3.61 3.46 3.24 2.89 2.80 2.48 1974 No. of Species 12 8

17 22 44 46 47 60 34 47 34 Shannon Index 2.96 2.23 3.18 3.50 4.89 4.40 4.03 4.25 3.85 5.02 3.83 Eveness 0.55 0.46 0.57 0.58 0.62 0.62 0.S6 0.55 0.54 0.58 No Sample 0.56 Richness 2.55 1.82 3.05 3.74 5.56 5.45 5.46 6.49 4.77 5.44 4.43 G

cm 1975 T C of Species 52 34 43 32 40 40 g ts Shannon Index 4.53 4.22 4.37 4.22 4.48 4.36 d

Evenness No SamP e l

0.80 0.83 0.81 0.87 0.85 0.83 cc Richness 5.57 3.96 4.89 3.92 6.19 4.91 1976 M

No. of Species 31 35 31 38 47 49 46 43 38 33 35 38 39 kt*

Shannon Index 3.98 4.36 3.90 4.25 4.14 4.27 4.28 4,30 3.93 4.16 4.24 4.45 4.19 y$

Evenness 0.80 0.85 0.78 0.81 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.75 0.83 0.83 0.85 0.80 c) D:

Richness 5.15 5.89 4.92 4.70 4.68 4.79 4.72 4.34 3.85 4.17 4.95 5.79 4.83 d

1977 M

No. of Species 20 28 31 24 36 30 44 39 37 32 33 27 32 Shannon Index 1.96 3.31 3.00 2.78 4.16 3.52 4.36 4.26 4.29 3.92 4.12 4.00 3.64 Evenness 0.44 0.70 0.61 0.60 0.80 0.72 0.80 0.81 0.82 0.78 0.82 0.83 0.73 g

Richness 3,14 4.57 4.44 2.95 3.53 2.77 4.63 4.26 3.87 3.98 4.18 3.72 3.84

%o 1978 y

No. of Species 37 29 32 42 28 42 36 37 35 37 34 32 35 Shannon Index 4.08 3.68 3.77 4.67 3.30 4.16 3.95 4.17 3.81 3.99 3.80 4.44 3.99 Evenness 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.87 0.69 0.78 0.77 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.76 0.90 0.78 Richnessa 1979 No. of Species 18 16 19 36 34 27 34 24 29 25 28 38 27 Shannon Index 3.49 3.36 3.79 3.22 3.78 3.84 4.10 3.88 4.12 4.07 3.68 4.32 3.80 Lvenness 0.84 0.82 0.88 0.62 0.74 0.81 0.80 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.77 0.83 0.81 Richness 2.97 2.64 3.36 4.69 4.08 2.98 3.46 2.72 3.26 3.52 3.57 5.19 3.54

M m

M M

M e

m m

m M

M M

m m

m TABLE V-C-4 (Continued)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Y

19803 Cn No. of Species 28 18 24 25 21 18 30 16 32 24 33 37 24 Shannon Index 3.88 2.64 3.78 3.82 3.28 3.26 3.61 3.'45 4.10 3.54 3.73 4.56 3.57 ri l

Evenness 0.81 0.64 0.83 0.82 0.75 0.78 0.74 0.86 0.82 0.77 0.74 0.87 0.78 U

Richness 4.07 2.65 3.49 4.02 2.50

2. 38 2.90 1.94 3.33 2.59 4.01 5.40 3.15 2:

1981 No. of Species 22 35 37 39 34 33 33 51 35 27 40 32 35 Shannon Index 3.92 4.39 4.39 2.29 3.66 4.56 4.13 4.59 4.07 3.90 4.00 4.32 3.95 Evenness 0.88 0.85 0.84 0.43 0.72 0.90 0.82 0.81 0.79 0.82 0.75 0.86 0.79 Richness 3.9) 5.84 6.10 4.58 3.69 4.61 3.73 5.76 3.85 3.56 5.00 4.55 4.60 1982 No. of Species 51 41 46 22 55 45 66 54 53 35 50 49 47 G

l Shannon Index 4.68 4.80 4.96 1.88 4.79 4.33 4.72 4.54 4.22 3.97 4.09 4.66 4.30 co l

Evenness 0.82 0.90 0.90 0.42 0.83 0.79 0.78 0.79 0.74 0.77 0.72 0.83 0.77 l

Richness 7.17 6.43 6.88 2.36 6.15 4.96 6.65 5.33 5.23 3.61 5.36 6.23 5.53 gg 1983 bk l

R E of Species 36 42 51 52 25 42 37 40 37 45 37 52 41 Shannon Index 4.27 4.01 4.60 4.74 3.67 4.41 4.16 4.28 3.56 3.51 4.17 4.72 4.18 Cg Evenness 0.82 0.74 0.81 0.83 0.79 0.82 0.80 0.80 0.68 0.64 0.80 0.83 0.78 Richness 5.17 6.45 7.35 6.64 2.98 4.18 3.63 4.17 3.83 4.46 4.38 6.48 4.98

][

WO 1984 og No. of Species 31 60 36 46 41 51 57 54 51 53 54 44 48 Shannon Index 4.02 4.89 4.30 3.06 4.37 4.48 4.34 4.03 4.38 4.00 4.59 4.10 4.21 Evenness 0.80 0.83 0.82 0.55 0.81 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.77 0.70 0.80 0.75 0.76 f Richness 5.05 8.95 6.54 6.98 5.55 6.41 7.29 5.97 5.43 5.70 7.10 6.71 6.47

=

o I 5hannon-Weiner Index 2No data 3 Data for period April 1980-December 1984 represents single entrainment samples collected monthly.

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

a low of 3.57 in 1980 to a maximum of 4.36 in 1975 (Table V-C-4).

Evenness values were also similar, except during 1973 and 1974 when values were lower. From 1975 through 1984, evenness ranged from 0.56 to 0.83.

The maximum evenness diversity value is 1.0 and would occur when each species is rep' resented by the same number of individuals. The mean number of taxa each year ranged from 19 in 1973 to 48 in 1984.

The highest number of taxa (66 in July) ever observed in phytoplankton studies at BVPS occurred during the operational year 1982.

I Sumary and Conclusions The phytoplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS exhibited a seasonal pattern similar to that observed in previous years.

This pattern is common to temperate, lotic environments.

Total cell densities were within the range observed during previous years. Diver-sity indices of phytoplankton were as high or higher than those pre-viously observed near BVPS.

I I

I g

49 I

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT D.

ZOOPLANKTON Objectives Plankton sampling was conducted to determine the condition of the zooplankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS and to assess possible environmental impact to the zooplankton due to the operation c,L.. Unit 1.

I Methods The zooplankton analysis was performed on one liter aliquots taken from the preserved one-gallon samples obtained from the intake bay of Unit 1 (see Phytoplankton methods, in Part C above).

One liter samples were filtered through a 35 micron (.035 mm) mesh screen.

The portion retained was washed into a graduated cylinder and allowed to settle for I

a minimum of 24 hours2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months .

The supernatent was withdrawn until 10 ml of concentrate remained.

One ml of this thoroughly mixed concentrate was placed in a Sedgwick-Raf ter cell and examined at 100X magnification.

All zooplankters within the cell were identified to the lowest practi-cable taxon and counted.

Total density (individuals / liter), Shannon-Weiner and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon one sample which was collected below the skimmer wall from one operating intake bay of Unit 1.

I Seasonal Distribution The zooplankton community of a river system is typically composed of protozesne: and rotifers (Hynes 1970, Winner 1975).

The zooplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS during preoperational and opera-tional monitoring years was composed primarily of protozoans and rotifers.

i

! EE Total organism density and species composition of zooplankton from the Ohio River and entrainment samples were similar during 1976, 1977, 1978, and 1979 (DLCo 1980).

Samples collected from intake bays are usually representative of the zooplankton populations of the Ohio River.

I 1

=

46 I

L

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT During 1984, protozoans and rotifers accounted for 96% or more of all zooplankton on all samples dates (Table V-D-1).

Total organism densities during the winter and early spring (January through April) were less than 296/ liter (Figure V-D-1, Table V-D-1).

Total organism I

densities increased in May and June, declined in July, and pecked (6,700/ liter) in September.

Zooplankton populations in the Ohio River usually exhibit a bimodal ~ pattern.

The maximum zooplankton density in the Ohio River near BVPS frequently occurs in the spring, although it is sometimes delayed until summer or early fall (Table V-D-2, Figure V-D-2).

Above average precipitation during early 1984 followed by below average precipitation in late spring /early summer, delayed peak zoo-plankton populations until. late summer /early autumn.

The effect of a dry year and low river discharges was noted by Hynes (1970) to favor plankton populations.

I The seasonal pattern of zooplankton densities observed in the Ohio River near BVPS is typical of temperate climates (Hutchinson 1967). Zooplank-ton densities in winter are low due primarily to low water temperatures and limited food availability (Winner 1975).

in the spring, food availability and water temperatures increase which stimulate growth and reproduction.

Zooplankton populations decrease during the fall and I

winter from the summer maximum because optimum conditions for growth and reproduction decrease during this period.

Densities of protozoans during January through April of 1984 were I

between 225 and 285/ liter (Table V-D-1).

Protozoans gradually increased in May and June, decreased in July, and increased August through October peaking in October (5,300/ liter). Protozoans progressively decreased in l=

November to densities of 360/ liter in December.

Vorticella sp. and 1

l Codonella cratera occurred fairly consistently throughout the year. The most common protozoan during 1984 was Vorticella sp. which dominated the protozoan assemblage during eleven months (Table V-D-3).

The most abundant protozoa in the remaining month was Tintinnidium fluviatile.

These taxa have been a main part of the protozoan assemblage of the Ohio River near BVPS since the studies were initiated in 1972.

47 I

M M

TABLE V-D-1 MONTilLY ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number / liter) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984 y

j BVPS Q

a 2

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Group

/1

/1

/1

/1

/1

/1 Protozoa 225 83 280 97 285 97 260 90 500 89 1,190 78 Rotifera 45 17 10 3

10 3

30 10 40 7

330 22 l

Crustacea 0

0 0

0 20 4

0 0

Pg I

SS Total 270 100 290 100 295 100 290 100 560 100 1,520 100 pg j

g$

$E

$h Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Group

/1

/1

/1

/1

/1

/1 O

NE h

Protozoa 530 87 1,210 88 5,000 75 5,300 87 530 93 360 92 Rotifera 80 13 160 11 1,700 25 780 13 40 7'

30 8

Crustacea 0

0 10 1

0 0

Total 610 100 1,380 100 6,700 100 6,080 100 570 100 390 100 2

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

JAN=JUL 19 74, AUG-OCT 1974 & 1975, NO V-DEC 1975'

~ ~ ~ A VERA GE: 1970 1982

'000-19..

g I

1 4000-I

~

6000-I m

l W

=

t-4000-f

\\

i

\\

e g

w O

[

s j

l Z

A

\\.

3 f/

\\

2000-g, q

'l

. v x.

i I

\\,\\

x.

/

\\

/

\\

,/

)

\\

2000=

Il f

\\

/

I

\\

/

l E

\\

I

\\

l I

1 1000-i g

\\

I d

f s

e d

F M

A u*

J 4

A 3

o N

D l

MONTH FIGURE V-D-1 SEASONAL PA TTERNS OF ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERA TIONAL (1974-1975) AND 0.' ERA TIONAL (1976= 1984) YEARS BVPS g

49 g

M M

M TABLE V-D-2 NEAN ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES (Number / liter) BY NONTH FROM 1973 THROUGH 1984, OHIO RIVER AND BVPS Total m

Zooplankton Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Am Sep Oct Nov Dec

+4 1973 I

50 90 154 588 945 1,341 425 180 87 o

1974 78 56 96 118 299 625 4,487 3,740 1,120 4,321 Z

1975 4,426 3,621 1,591 2,491 623 1976 327 311 347 10,948 2,516 5,711 3,344 3,296 3,521 518 446 577 1977 147 396 264 393 5,153 4,128 1,143 1,503 3,601 55'4 934 486 1978 31 30 20 35 403 1,861 1,526 800 1,003 432 297 60 1979 357 96 228 534 2,226 599 2,672 4,238 950 370 542 550 1980 320 265 389 270 530 420 3,110 490 2,020 3,820 1,030 700 1981 190 360 220 580 840 310 3,800 1,940 4,490 1,850 760 370 1982 400 320 340 880 4,650 1,020 5,630 5,170 5,520 6,410 2,300 1,030 1983 285 330 1,415 540 480 8,220 4,780 6,010 3,280 2,880 950 560 e

1984 270 290 295 290 560 1,520 610 1,380 6,700 6,080 570 390 y

l'rotozoa gy Zo 1973 45 63 82 188 56 331 346 135 58 CC 1974 50 42 72 91 138 409 1,690 716 1,006 4,195 w

1975 835 3,295 1,141 2,239 452 Z

O 1976 278 274 305 10,774 1,698 6

1,903 1,676 808 425 396 492

@M 1977 135 365 236 312 4,509 2,048 808 947 2,529 401 825 344

< t*

1978 18 14 14 27 332 1,360 407 315 256 222 227 26 1979 312 64 188 380 2,052 459 340 712 609 326 454 328 o :c 1980 244 250 354 190 390 370 1,620 380 1,180 3,010 760 640 d

1981 130 310 180 510 480 230 730 1,250 4,020

'1,580 550 330 n

1982 350 310 310 820 1,300 870 2,360 1,560 1,590 4,850 2,060 980

%. 9 1983 250 320 315 500 390 6,940 1,320 5,030 1,100 1,670 890 490 1984 225 280 285 260 500 1,190 530 1,210 5,000 5,300 530 360

$o Rotifera o

1973 5

25 64 388 859 1,001 75 43 27 d

1974 26 12 22 24 155 213 2,783 2,939 115 120 1975 3,339 313 4 '+4 250 164 1976 48 36 38 169 808 4,864 1,398 1,597 2,643

'9 48 78 1977 12 31 zo 76 631 1,984 328 539 1,022 147 108 136 1978 29 33 15 14 16 24 72 61 67 47 22 48 1979 44 33 37 151 172 135 2,255 3,482 324 42 86 220 1980 72 14 33 80 140 50 1,470 110 790 780 260 50 1981 40 50 40 70 340 80 2,800 630 470 260 210 40 1982 50 10 30 50 3,340 130 3,250 1,550 3,840 1,520 240 40 1983 30 10 1,100 40 90 1,270 3,440 880 1,930 1,190 60 70 1984 45 10 10 30 40 330 80 160 1,700 780 40 30

m M

M M

M E

TABLE V-D-2 (Continued)

Crustacea Jan Tc*u Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec m

1973 1

1 3

12 29 9

3 2

2 1974 2

2 3

3 6

3 14 85 7

6 ei 1975 51 12 6

3 6

1976 2

1 5

4 10 141 43 23 69 3

2 8

2:

1977 2

5 13 96 7

17 50 5

1 6

1978 4

6 3

2 6

48 12 27 75 9

5 5

1979 1

0 3

3 2

4 78 44 17 2

2 2

1980 3

1 1

0 0

0 20 0

50 30 10 10 1981 20 0

0 0

20 0

270 60 0

10 0

0 1982 0

0 0

10 10 20 20 60 90 40 0

10 1983 5

0 0

10 20 100 250 20 0

0 1984 0

0 0

0 20 0

0 10 0

0 0

0 m

s~

INo sample collected.

gg bO kN s

mN 5e I

eM ox

9 E

m!i a

Ei

SECTION F DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT PROTOZOA ROTIPE R A

^

CRUSTACEA I

4000-

- - ' ~

3000-aw-2 Ya Wa 3

2000-I il I

s i

g I

\\

l t

I

\\

1000-g s

\\

I

\\

l

\\

I s

i

\\

s'%,

I

\\

s'

's, d

s

~-

---d 1

s...

J F

M A

M J

J A

3 0

N O

FIGURE V-0-2 I

ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,19 84 BVPS 1

52

M M

W M

M M

TABLE V-D-3 DENSITIES (Number / liter) OF MOST ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA (Greater than 2% on any date)

C0llECTED FROM ENTRAIN".ENT SAMPLES to JANUARY TilROUCil DECDiBER 1984 BVPS doZ Taxa Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec PROF 020A Arcella sp.

10 30 30 7

40 30 Bursaria sp.

10 160 Codonella cratera 50 10 20 80 180 80 340 420 80 40 Cyclotrichium sp.

55 10 g

m Cyphoderia ampulla 25

' 20 20 g

Difflugia acuminata 10 260 20 Difflugia sp.

95 10 g@

Euglypha sp.

10 yo Nuclearia simplex 170 50 480 dC Opercularia sp.

10 h$

Paramectum sp.

15 w

gy u

Phascolodon vorticella 160 g

Strobilidium gyrans 600 1,300 20

$[

Strobilidium sp.

60 50 400 340 50 30 to o Strombidium delicatissimum 360 0 :C Suctorian ciliate 30 Tintinnidium fluviatile 40 100 1,920 180 gQ Vorticella sp.

80 70 260 180 340 780 260 870 440 2,440 250 200 ex ilolophyrid ciliate 15 20 N

Ciliate Unidentified 25 10 10 10 20 30 30 20 ROTIFERA mo branchfonus calciflorus 10 N

Colurella colurus 10 Conochiloides dossuarius 340 Cocothilus unicornis 10 Keratella cochlearis 10 20 50 40 40 720 360 lecane sp.

30 Notholca acuminata 10 Polyarthra dolichoptera 20 10 180 20 220 140 20 Synchaeta sp.

180 Trichocerca pusilla 60 140 Rotifer Unidentified 10 10 V

M M

TABLE V-D-3 (Continued)

Taxa Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec N

1 CRUSTACEA o

l z. I l

Nauplii 20 l

Total Zooplankton 270 290 295 290 560 1,480 610 1,380 6,700 6,080 560 390 l

Total of Most Abundant Taxa 220 280 270 290 500 1,400 540 1,260 6,200 5,680 500 390 Percentage Composition of Ikast Abundant Zooplankton 82 97 92 100 89 95 88 91 93 93 89 100 y

$+

D mm b

u z

i U

MM M

E5 I

c :z:

1 H.a di5 m$

2 4

y

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAi. REPORT The rotifer assemblage in 1984 (Figure V-D-2) displayed a typical pattern of rotifer populations in temperate inland waters (Hutchinson 1967).

Rotifer densities increased from a minimum of

'.0/ liter in February to a maximum of 1,700/ liter in September (Table V-D-2).

Rotifer populations generally decreased after September to densities of 30/11ter in December.

Rotifers were always the second most abundant group during 1984..Keratella cochlearis and Polyarthra dolichoptera I

were the most abundant rotifers during most of the year (Table V-D-3).

Crustacean densities were low (0 to 20/11ter) through 1984 (Table V-D-1).

Crustaceans were only collected during 1984 in May and August (Figure V-D-2).

Crustacean densities never exceeded protozoan or rotifer densities and constituted from 0 to 4% of the total zooplankton density each month (Table V-D-1).

Copepod nauplii were the only I

crustaceans collected during 1984.

Crustacean populations did not develop high densities due to unfavorable highflow/ turbidity river conditions through July 1984.

Crustaceans are rarely numerous in the open waters of rivers and many are eliminated by silt and turbulent water (Hynes 1970).

I The highest Shannon-Weiner diversity value of 3.62 and the maximum number of species (23) occurred in September (Table V-D-4).

Evenness ranged from 0.28 in March to 0.80 in January and September.

Richness varied from a low of 1.06 in March to a high of 2.86 in January.

The number of species ranged from 7 in March t.

23 in September.

Low diversity indices in March reflect the dominance of Vortice11a sp.

Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Zooplankton samples were not collected from stations on the Ohio River after April 1, 1980; therefore, comparison of Control and Non-Control I

Transects was not possible.

Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Population dynamics of the zooplankton community during the seasons of preoperational and operational years are displayed in Figure V-- D - 1.

Total zooplankton densities were lowest in winter, usually greatest in I

55 l

M M

M' M

O M

M M

M TABLE V-D-4 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1984 BVPS m

E d

Date Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun O

No. of Species 17 10 7

10 13 18 Shannon-Weiner Index 3.29 2.64 0.82 2.10 2.26 2.63 Evenness 0.80 0.79 0.28 0.63 0.61 0.63 e

Richness 2.86 1.59 1.06 1.59 1.90 2.32 li Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec X

m-m-

No. of Species 12 18 23 19 14 11 14 gg o-Shannon-Weiner Index 2.40 2.28 3.62 2.84 2.89 2.52 2.52 n

i o

Evenness 0.67 0.54 0.80 0.67 0.74 0.72 0.66 Richness 1.72 2.35 2.50 2.06 2.21 1.68 1.99 h" se e

SECTION '/

DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL EEVIRONMENTAZ. REPORT summer and transitional in spring and autumn. This pattern in the Ohio River sometimes varies from year to year which is normal for zooplankton I

populations in other - river habitats.

Hynes (1970) concluded that the zooplankton community of rivers is inherently unstable and subject to constant change due to variations of temperature, spaces, current, o

turbidity and food source.

Total densities of zooplankton during 1984 were within the range established during the preoperational years (1973 through 1975) and operational years (1976 through 1982) (Figure V-D-1).

In 1984, the data indicate that the peak zooplankton densities were I

delayed until September and October.

This was due primarily to above average river flow and precipitation and below average temperatures January through May.

The species composition of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable during preoperational and operational years. The common or abundant protozoans during the past ten years have been Vorticella, I

Codonella, Difflugia, Strombilidium, Cyclotrichium, Arcella and Centropyxis.

The most numerous and frequently occurrin, rotifers have e

been Keratella, Polyarthra, Synchaeta, Branchionus and Trichocerca.

Copepod nauplii have been the only crustacean taxa found consistently.

I Community structure, as compared by diversity indices, has been similar during the past eleven years (Table V-D-5).

In previous years low diversity indices and number of species occurred in winter; high diver-sities and number of species usually occurred in late spring and su=mer.

I I.i 1984, the diversity indices and species numbers were relatively low in March which was typical for months of winter and early spring.

Shannon-Wiener diversity indices in 1984 ranged from 0.82 to 3.62 and were somewhat higher than the range of 1.80 to 3.28 that occurred during preoperational years from 1973 to 1975.

The variation in evenness during 1984 (0.28 to 0.80) was at the upper portion of the range I

reported from 1973 to 1983 (0.21 to 0.93) when the low March value is excluded.

I 57 I

mM M

M M

M TABLE V-D-5 HEAN ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTil FROM 1973 IUROUCli 1984 IN Tile 01110 RIVER NEAR BVPS Jan Feb Har Apr May Jun Jul h

Sep Oct Nov Dec un 1973 I

humber of Species 8.44 15.29 21.28 25.07 21.96 22.86 16.33 14.40 14.30 H

Shannon Index3 1.80 3.06 3.08 2.79 2.25 2.20 2.21 2.31 3.10 Even:xss 0.37 0.63 0.58 0.46 0.39 0.36 0.37 0.44 0.61 4

1974 Nun.ber of Species 14.64 9.18 14.92 17.75 23.25 15.56 21.14 18.89 9.56 14.47 Shannon Index 3.18 2.53 2.91 3.06 3.25 2.32 3.28 2.24 2.15 1.84 Evenness 0.62 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.55 0.41 0.60 0.41 0.42 0.30 1975 Nun,ber of Species 24.75 18.75 14.38 17.44 15.38 Shannon Index 3.20 1.86 2.90 2.01 3.20 G

Evenness 0.69 0.44 0.77 0.49 0.82 g

1976 ts NEiiEer of Species 7.00 9.13 8.69 17.56 19.19 23.56 28.06 23.50 23.56 11.19 8.75 11.75 E

Shannon Index 1.67 2.64 2.24 0.89 3.06 2.33 3.36 3.63 2.76 2.73 1.60 3.64 p

Evenness 0.60 0.84 0.73 0.21 0.72 0.51 0.70 0.80 0.61 0.79 0.51 0.75 ed y

1977 Z

@M hun 4ber of Species 4.00 10.00 12.00 13.31 21.00 25.62 22.88 25.50 36.75 16.88 20.31 15.31

< t*

Shannon Index 1.53 2.59 3.01 2.98 3.15 3.45 3.32 3.60 3.71 3.35 3.42 3.42 y$

Evenness 0.78 0.79 0.87 0.81 0.72 0.74 0.73 0.77 0.71 0.82 0.79 0.86 og 1978 O

Ntanber of Species 0.12 7.12 4.31 5.12 7.62 6.25 10.25 11.25 12.50 0.25 10.88 10.38

%O Shannon Index 2.48 2.41 1.53 1.70 1.53 1.33 2.50 2.44 2.53 2.28 2.15 2.00

>k E.enness 0.83 0.85 0.74 0.71 0.52 0.50 0.76 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.62 0.83 1979 lc M Ntunber of Species 10.62 6.00 10.25 15.88 17.25 4M 16.88 21.50 18.12 12.00 14.62 14.00 o

Shannon Index 2.51 2.52 3.05 3.42 2.36 3.02 2.42 3.30 3.36 2.99 2.84 3.10 Evenness 0.74 0.93 0.90 0.86 0.58 0.80 0.60 0.74 0.80 0.84 0.74 0.83 19802 Niunber of Species 11.62 11.00 12.50 10.00 8.00 15.00 21.00 15.00 18.00 22.00 18.00 18.00 Shannon Index 2.51 2.70 3.03 2.41 2.00 2.91 3.63 2.79 3.23 2.88 3.26 3.36 Evenness 0.70 0.78 0.84 0.72 0.66 0.74 0.87 0.71 0.77 0.64 0.78 0.80 1981 hunber of Species 8.00 12.00 7.00 11.00 19.00 12.00 23.00 24.00 20.00 21.00 17.00 10.61 Shannon Index 2.14 3.02 2.28 2.32 3.44 2.73 2.96 3.55 2.62 3,05 2.66 2.47 Evenness 0.71 0.84 0.81 0.67 0.81 0.76 0.65 0.77 0.60 0.69 0.65 0.74

m W

M M

M W

M M

W mW W

M M

M TABLE V-D-5 (Continued)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1982 m

i Number of Species 10.00 9.00 11.00 22.00 27.00 20.00 37.00 36.00 40.03 34.00 19.00 17.00 M

Shannon Index 2.99 2.22 2.89 3.59 2.46 3.20 3.82 4.28 3.86 3.09 3.54 3.14 Q

Evenneas 0.90 0.70 0.83 0.80 0.52 0.74 0.73 0.83 0.72 0.61 0.83 0.77 g

Z l

1983 humber of Species 18.00 10.00 23.00 14.00 17.00 24.00 34.00 30.00 37.00 33.00 17.00 18.00 Shannon Index 3.20 2.39 2.41 3.0S 3.54 2.36 3.56 2.65 3.92 3.43 3.28 3.54 l

Evenness 0.76 0.71 0.53 0.81 0.86 0.51 0.70 0.54 0.75 0. 611 0.80 0.85 I

1981 Munber of Species 17.00 10.00 7.00 10.00 13.00 18.00 12.00 18.00 23.00 19.00 14.00 11.00 Shant.an Index 3.29 2.64 0.82 2.10 2.26 2.63 2.40 2.28 3.62 2.84 2.89 2.52 Evenness 0.80 0.79 0.28 0.63 0.61 0.63 0.67 0.54 0.80 0.67 0.74 0.72 g

mn b

IBlanks represent reriods when no collections were made, 8Shannon-Weiner Index d@

SData for period April 1980-December 1984 represents single entrainment samples collected monthly.

gM 2

l MM I

de HH l

l WO l

P*

gn

.H O3m I

p l

~OW H

i L

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAW 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

)

Summary and Conclusions Zooplankton densities throughout 1984 were typical of a temperate zooplankton community. found in large river habitats.

Total densities were within the range of those reported in previous years. Populations during the fall of 1984 maintained high densities with the peak annual maximum occurring in September.

Protozoans and rotifers were always predominant.

Common and abundant taxa in 1984 were similar to those I

reported during preoperational and other operational years.

Shannon-Weiner diversity, number of species and evenness were within the ranges of preceding years.

Based on the data collected during the nine r

operating years (1976 through 1984) and the three preoperating years (1973 through 1975), it is concluded that the overall abundance and species composition of the zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable and possibly improved slightly over the twelve year period from 1973 to 1984. No evidence of appreciable harm to the river zooplankton from BVPS Unit 1 operation was found.

The data indicate I

that increased turbidity and current from high water conditions have the strongest effects of delaying the population peaks and temporarily decreasing total zooplankton densities in the Ohio River near BVPS.

I I

ee I

l n...

J

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL RZPORT E.

FISH Objective Fish sampling was conducted in order to detect any changes which might occur in fish populations in the Ohio River near BVPS.

I Methods Adult fish surveys were performed in May, July, September and November I

1984.

During each survey, fish were collected at the three study transects (Figure V-E-1), using gill nets, electrofishing and minnow traps.

Gill nets, consisted of five, 25-ft. panels of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 inch square mesh.

Two nets were positioned close to shore at each transect, with the small mesh inshore.

As Transect 2 is divided b)

I-Phillis Island into two separate water bodies consisting of the main river channel (2A) and the back channel (2B), south of the island, a total of eight gill nets were set per sampling month. Nets were set for approximately 24 hours2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months .

All captured fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g).

Electrofishing was conducted with a boat-mounted boom electroshocker.

Direct current of 220 volts and two to four amps was generally used.

Shocking time was maintained at 10 minutes per transect for each survey.

I The shoreline areas of each transect were shocked and large fish pro-cessed as described above for the gill net collections. Small fish were immediately preserved with 10% formalin and returned to the labora o-i for analysis.

No.-game fish were counted and a batch weight obtained for the entire sample.

The length range was determined by visual inspr.ction and measurement of the largest and smallest fish.

I Minnow traps were baited twith bread and placed next to the inshore side of each gill net on each sampling date. These traps were painted black and brown with a camouflage desi n and were set for 24 hours2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months .

All t

captured fish were preserved and processed in the laboratory in the manner described for electrofishing.

I e

I

m M

M M

m El l

El az 1

4 esoo e

esos sees b

ocais carr y 'E0Illh

(

E t-a l

o w

p wa mm x. *-"

na

$4EM

.\\

e j

N E lll

/

.s

....y e

1 y

M; eg

\\

O E'

==.

1[SE!fR

[2A 1YMBOLS j

I-5 STATION NUMBER DI BEAVER VALLEY DISCHARGE

/

en Da sistPPINGP0HT DISCllARGE f e a.

g

- ELECTROFISHING H

OS INDUSTRIAL DISCilARGE 2B l

l GILL NET e AlD TO M4WIGA110N SEAVER NINNOW TRAP kehPlNG

-- -- TR ANSMISSION LINE 1.L g y gg g

l STATION FIGURE V-E-l FISil SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS

i SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL RENRT WI Results Fish population studies have been conducted in the Ohio River near R' *i from 1910 through 1984.

These sarveys have col'ected 62 fish and two hybrids (Table V-E-1).

In 1984, 37 fish species were c.

including one taxa (rainbow trout) that had not been captured

.evi-ously.

A combined total of 619 individuals were collected in 1984 by gill netting, electrofishing, and minnow traps (Table V-E-2).

A total of 564 fish, representing 31 species was collected by electro-I fishing (Table V-E-3).

Shiners typically dominate tha catch numeri-cally.

However, in 1984 the high river _ flows / turbidity encountered on the sampling dates resulted in poor visibility and shiners accounted for only 23.4% of the total electrofishing catch.

Collectively, the minnow family accounted for 34.7% of the total electrofishing catch in 1984.

Gizzard shad, also a forage species, represented 30.9% of the catch.

Carp, smallmouth bass, spotted bass, and unidentified bass accounted for I

15.8, 3.2, 4.4, and 4.4% of the catch respectively.

Each of the other taxa accounted for less than 1% of the total. Most of fish sampled by electrofishing were collected in November (32.3%). The fewest fish were collected in September (17.4%).

I It should be noted that this was the first year that " observed" fishes I

were included in the catch per unit effort. This was necessary because of the turbidity and swif tness of the high water.

Since the netters could not physically collect these stunned fishes, they were recorded as

" observed".

This accounts for the numbers of electroshocked fishes being identified to the family level.

The gill net results varied by month with the highest catch in the month of November (17 fish).

July was the next highest month with 15 fish.

September and May catches resulted in 10 fish and 9 tish, respectively.

Gill net sampling typically results in catching more fian in varmer I

weather when fish are usually more active (Table V-E-4).

The lower sample rate for gill nets in 1984 was attributed to the high rivec flow conditions encountered on each sample date which resulted in the nets quickly becoming clogged with debris.

I 63 I

1 1

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL EEVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-E-1 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME)I I

FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND P00L.0F THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1984 BVPS I

Family and Scientific Name Common Name I

Lepisosteidae (gars)

Lepisosteus osseus Longnose gar Clupeidae (herrings)

I Alosa chrysochloris Skipjack herring Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad I

Salmonidae (salmon and trouts)

Salmo gairdneri Rainbow trout Esocidae (pikes)

I Esox lucius Northern pike E_. masquinongy Muskellunge E. lucius X E. masquinongy Tiger muskellunge Cyprinidae (minnows and carps)

Campostoma anomalum Central stoneroller I

Carassius auratus Goldfish Cyprinus carpio Common carp C. carpio X Carassius auratus Carp-goldfish hybrid Ericymba buccata Silverjaw minnow I

Nocomis micropogon River chub Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner I

N. chrysocephalus" Striped shiner2 N. hudsonius Spotta11 shiner N_. rubellus Rosyface shiner N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N. stramineus Sand shiner N_. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntuose minnow I

Rhinichthys atratulus Blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus Creek chub Catostomidae (suckers)

I Carpiodes carpio River carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus Quillback Catostomus commerucni White sucker I

Hypentelium nigricans Northern hog sucker Ictiobus bubalus Smallmouth buffalo

1. niger Black buffalo Moxostoma anisurum Silver redhorse I

M. carinatum River redhorse E. duquesnei Black redhorse M. erythrurum Golden redhorse M. macrolepidotum Shorthead redhorse 64 I

L

.+4+*

>h IMAGE EVALUATION fA

////gf

/ '%ge

9 k,/77 j @/

/l TEST TARGET (MT-3}

4, 44 sf

~

%>//g////

f)

4 e

1

[

I.o lt M Bla E

m en m in

==

!!!!b C

l,l j l.8 1.25 1.4 a

1.6 Il 4

150mm 4

6"

%%4 6

//// %

~

IN>,////

3 kh N

v

.y

+ 9)

O M

h

(([//'\\NNk

/k([D,

,9 < i f)'%7()-

IMAGE EVALUATION

/

TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4 7 77 39 y,Y

'N"pl}"'

l.0 (2 y U'

1 ii e

,=

l.8 1.25 "li

.4 l

1.6 150mm 6"

4%

/** 4

$? f

- tg*k+Q$

b obp////

lm

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W

1984 ANNUAL ENUIRONMENTAL REPORT I

TABLE V-E-1 (Continued) l Family and Scientific Name Common Name Ictaluridae (bullhead and catfishes)

I Ictalurus catus White catfish j

I. melas Black bullhead T. natalis Yellow bullhead T. nebulosus Brown bullhead I

I. punctatus Channel catfish Noturus flavus Stonecat Pylodictis olivaris Flathead catfish Percopsidae (trout-perches)

Percopsis omiscomaycus Trout-perch Cyprinodontidae (killifishes)

Fundulus diapharus Banded killifish I

Atherinidae (silversides)

Labidesthes sicculus Brook silverside Percichthyidae (temperate basses)

I Morone chrysops White bass Centrarchidae (sunfishes)

I Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed I

L_. macrochirus Bluegill Micropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass M_. punctulatus Spotted bass M. salmoides Largemouth bass I

Pomoxis annularis White crappie P_. nigromaculatus Black crappie I

Percidae (perches)

Etheostoma blennioides Greenside darter E,. nigrum Johnny darter E. zonale Banded darter I

Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch P_. copelandi Channel darter I

Stizostedion canadense Sauger S_. vitreum vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums)

I Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum I Nomenclature follows Robins, et al. (1980).

A for=er subspecies of N. cornutus (Gilbert, 1964) and previously reported as com=on shiner.

I

M M

M TABLE V-E-2

!DiBER OF FISI QX1EITD AT VARIOUS TRANSICIS BY Gill NET (G), EIEITOFISIING (E).

AND MIMG7 'IRAP (10 IN 11E NEW QNRFRIAND MXL OF TIE 0110 RIVER,1984 BVIS

$n Percent d

1 2A 2B 3

Grarul Total Aruual Arnal Tar.a G

E M

G E

M G

E M

G E

M G

E M

Total Total Gizzard dal

' 21 67 28 58 174 174 28.1 Ralrbow trout 1

1 1

<0.1 ftiskelhage 1

1 1

<0.1 Tiger nutskalhage 1

1 1

<0.1 Pike sp.

I 1

1 3

3 0.5 G

Cmuun carp 2

44 3

19 1

9 2

17 8

89 97 15.7 Q>1 den dilner 1

1 1

<0.1

p. es Brerald thiner 8

4 10 31 3

53 3

56 9.0 die S otfin shirer 1

1 1

1 4

4 0.6 l

gE Saisi shher 2

1 2

1 3

0.5 11huitrose mhuww 3

1 4

4 0.6

"' "8 Shirer sp.

52 7

33 40 132 132 21.3 C

khite sucker 1

1 1

1 2

0.3 8@

Silver redlorse 1

1 3

1 4

2 6

1.0 gH Qikku redlorse 4

1 1

4 5

0.8 8

hi5 Stortimi redforse 1

i 1

1 3

1 4

0.6 Rallorse sp.

I 1

1

<0.1

$g Gunawl catfish 1

1 1

6 8

1 9

1.4 Flatlead catfish 1

1 1

<0.1 E

Catfidt sp.

I 1

1

<0.1 Q

Trout-perch 1

1 1

<0.1 liaimi k111Jfish 1

1 1

<0.1 Rock bass 1

1 1

(0.1 Gran sunfidi 1

1 2

2 0.3 hamkinseal 1

2 1

2 3

0.5 Bhegill 1

2 1

1 3

4 0.6 Sunfidi sp.

I 1

2 2

0.3 Sniallatuth bass 6

9 2

1 18 18 29 S ntted bass 6

6 10 5

3 5

25 30 4.8 i

Bass sp.

3 4

15 3

25 25 4.0

M M

M TAIHE V-Fe2 (Contirued)

Percent 1

2A 2B 3

Grand Total Annual Anrual Taxa G

E M

G E

M G

E M

G E

M G

E M

Total Total 0

bhite cnypie 1

1 1

(o,1 g

lilack crapple 2

1 1

2 3

0.5 Yellow perch 2

1 1

1 3

4 0.6 logperch 1

1 1

<o,1 l

&mger 1

9 10 10 1.6 1

k'alleye 2

2 2

2 4

0.6

]

Freslwater dnan 1

1 1

(0,1 Unidentiflext 2

2 2

0.3 Tctal 6

161 0

6 126 0

4 119 0

35 158 4

51 564 4

619 DE

.o a

O gm Be gs i

!ais "E

a 2

4 i

e

m m

M m

M M

M W.

M M

M TABIE V-E-3 NLHBER OF FISil 0011E111) PER F0NDI BY Gill NET (G), EIElFDFISilING (E), R0 MDHM 'IRAP (H)

IN 'llfE NEW QNBBIAND FOOL OF 'lllE GII0 RIVm,1984 BVPS us Percent R

May Jul Sep Nov Grand Total Axual humal d

Taa g_

E M

G 1

M G

E M

G 1

M 1

E M

Total Total G12zard dal 32 14 71 57 174 174 28.1 luhdxu trmt 1

1 1

<0.1 Nskellinge 1

1 1

(0.1 Tiger muskelltage 1

1 1

<0.1 Pike sp.

3 3

3 0.5 O m n carp 4

43 2

19 2

27 8

89 97 15.7 G

Colden stoner 1

1 1

<0.1 g

Dxrald difrer 18 22 2

1 13 53 3

56 9.0 ge Spotfin udner 1

2 1

4 4

0.6 yg Sani sidner 1

1 1

2 1

3 0.5 gg Blinitnose minnow 1

3 4

4 0.6 Mg Sidier sp.

49 34 2

47 132 132 21.3 E3 "8 e*

Mdte sucker 1

1 1

1 2

0.3 3[

Silver rullorse 4

2 4

2 6

1.0 gg Golden redlorse 1

4 1

4 5

0.8 gH Stortical redlerse 2

1 1

3 1

4 0.6 xQ Ikdorse sp.

I 1

1 (0.1 g i$

diannel catfish 1

1 3

2 2

8 1

9 1.4 Mb Flatleal catfish 1

1 1

<0.1 g4 Catfish sp.

I 1

1

<0.1 g

Truit-terch 1

1 1

<0.1 y

Baalat killifish 1

1 1

<0.1 Rock bass 1

1 1

(0.1 Green sinifish 2

2 2

0.3 lu pkinseed 1

2 1

2 3

0.5 Bltegill 1

1 2

1 3

4 0.6 anifish sp.

I 1

2 2

0.3 Saallammth bass 1

1 7

9 18 18 2.9 S uttal bass 11 3

1 2

4 9

5 25 30 4.8 t

Bass sp.

9 7

5 0

4 0

25 25 4.0 Mdte cragpie 1

1 1

<0.1

M M

M TAI 2E V-E-3 (Contirued)

Percent my Jul Sep Nov Grarvi Total Annual Arumal E

Taxa

_G E

_M

_G

_E

_M

_G _E

_M _G _E

_M

_G E

_M Total Total Q

go Black crapple 1

1 1

1 2

3 0.5 Yell w perch 1

3 1

3 4

0.6 Iquerch 1

1 1

<0.1

!kniger 1

3 1

5 10 10 1.6 mileye 1

1 1

1 2

2 4

0.6 Fre:Jmter dnan 1

1 1

<0.1 thudentifial 2

2 2

0.3 Total 9

175 0

15 109 2

10 98 2

17 182 0

51 564 4

619 n

es "N

eo gM

5 E

se 3"8

!!5 "5

ms R

i i

l l

l

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-E-4 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, ELECTROFISHING I

AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1984 BVPS I

Transect Gill Net 1

2A 2B 3

Total Average May 1

2 1

5*

9 2.2 July 0

2 2

11 15 3.8 I

September 4

1 1

4 10 2.5 November 1

1 0

15 17 4.2 I

Total 6

6 4

35 51 Average 1.5 1.5 1.0 10.0*

Electrofishing May 83 31 33 28 175 43.8 July 19 9

18 63 109 27.2 I

September 8

68 21 1

98 24.5 November 51 18 47 66 182 45.5 Total 161 126 119 158 564 Average 40.2 31.5 29.8 39.5 Minnow Trap May 0

0 0

0.0 July 0

0 0

2 2

0.5 September 0

0 0

2 2

0.5 I

November 0

0 0

0.0 Total 0

0 0

4 4

Average 0

0 0

1.0

Gear at one station missing.

I I

I 70 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE Z,IGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

A total. of only 4 fish were captured using minnow traps in 1984 (Table V-E-2).

Again, the poor sampling success was attributed to high river flows and resultant turbidity encountered.

The most common species (i.e.,

contributed more than 1% to the annual

~

total catch) collected through the use of gill nets, electrofishing and minnow traps included the following: gizzard shad; common carp; emerald I

and unidentified shiners; silver redhorse; channel catfish; spotted bass, smallmouth bass, and unidentified bass; and sauger. The remaining 27 species accounted for 1% or less of the total.

Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Comparisons of the data obtained from the Control Transect (1) with that from the Non-Control Transects indicate that the fish populations have fluctuated slightly since 1974 (Table V-E-5).

However, comparisons between years include many natural variables and can be misleading.

I Fluctuations in catches occur with changes in the physical and chemical properties of the river's ambient water quality.

Since electrofishing efficiency depends largely on the water's conductivity, any sampling conducted during extremes in this parameter will affect catch-per-unit-effort.

In addition, turbidity and current affects the collectors' ability to net the stunned fish. Direct sunlight also influences where fishes congregate, thus determining their susceptibility to being I

shocked.

Electrofishing collects mostly small forage species (minnows and shad) and their highly fluctuating annual populations were reflected in differences in catch-per-unit-effort from year to year and station to station.

However, gill nets catch mostly game species and are more indicative of true changes in fish abundance. When comparing gill net data (Table V-E-6), little change is noticed either between Control and Non-Control Transects or between pre-operational and operational years.

I The 1984 gill net catch-per-unit-effort (fish /24 hours) was situated at the lower end of the range established by previous collections with 0.6 and 2.0 for the Control and Non-Control Transects respectively. The low catch per unit effort is attributed to high flow conditions and con-comitant debris clogging of nets encountered on the sampling dates.

71 I

g SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E

984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT ta.

en O ~

e e

O.

mo

. e.

e e e O e e=0 e

en.

e a O O. O. eo. c en O.0e en e.e O

g e

e 0 C e N e se e eOe e s O e e O se e e ee sOOeOe e a e meweem O @ e es-eO**e O O e e e==e..

e e e e o e

4 e=

et M

d as so I*

pu ce I

A O @ O.

e d O A.e. e.e. e e e O. O A.

e e.

M.

O.

O. W.D A.

O.

M.

e We

8De.

e e e e e e eMOM e4 0 e e eO. eOsc.Me e o e e m e.e N ee s e e e. e.e e e e.

4 e

s.e e

M d

d W

M.

e. N. e.

O. e. e. ce en en.

O.

N.

e. M. N.

e. e. eme ae eeOa e o e cee ce e

e ce e

e e e ee e O e s=e e o e e =* e o e e e a eQOO8 en O O e o

est I

o W

ePe a e e e '.t O es e ce ce d 4 e O.

s-en et ce n=e O

se 9==

e ** e eOee@ t M. e O O M en e e e e e o e O e O O e O ** e e e e eO OOOOe4OOe ee e eOOse a ee eD e

N.

O.

Wt

e. ce. N ee.

e.

e ce ese s=e M.

m.

N. ce. N. e.

e. e. e.

e. ce O

e ce e

e M

M ce n

I s=*

sie es E

N 9

en

e. M O.

O. e. O. M.

N.

e.

en. ce.

e Pee

e. em. M e

e em e

e et M em.

M.

e 889 O

e e e et=

a eMe eeeOdeNemeMOe e ee eOe o eOee eOeOe eOe eOe e eMMOeOe eCOOeOe M

e est es se es s'*

e es U

su.e M.

em, We N. ee. e.

ce e

889 Pe e

e e M M.

e en ene es.

34. su.e Me N N Pe M en o

e e e e w

e N

eNeOe e e ** e 886 e O em M O e O O e O O e e e e e e eOeOe e e o eOeOeOnOe eOOOOe e e

8"8=

I N

eOe eOe e e e M e O est O ce e e e eOOeOOeOOOOeOOeOO e O O s=8 e o e O e O e O O e o eee Ne e

G*

d 4

4 en C

pe me aw

$e M

Me e.

e. M. M Fe me. M.

M M.

@ N. se. M om a=0 e

o e

e e

e e eg pe.

M. M. ete M

oh e

e su.s en. se.

Wt et a=0 N

re I

e M

fue 4

M U

em e

es e e ce Se.e M M M.

e Se M d O 889 O. et D.

e ee FM 889 e

e o e o

M es oOe 6 e e e sus e Me e 4 4 ee 4 e e S 8OOOeOe ee e en e ee e e e O *e =4 O e em ce O e e e o eOe eee ce o

o e e

e e g

pe es e

ee e e e e o e M e e ce me en e e a e eo e 6 ea eOOOee e e aO e e O O e O e e=* 6 eOOe o e e e e en d

e o

se e. e. M.

ce. ce ce.

4 e= ce P.

se ce e

e N

e om e e

e e e.

e M d.

M C

s=6 en d

ee 2

se I

se 4

2 4,

O.

en.

e.

O. O.

es.

e.

O.

c..e O

ce w

g

=

e e e e eQOe e e e e e e emo e o e e e o ee M

N e se e a 6 e e O e e e ce =e e me e e s eOe e e e s e e e ce e e e g

e M

are M

E 6 0 e eM ek edhe e@. e e e e e e e e ee eOO6 e e e e e e ee emO COM e eOme e ee e e e

M.

M. 4 W

44 e.

a. d. d.

e. c.

e.

I d

N eO M

P s=e Q

rs

==

m a*

9 ene e e me 6 @ pe N e et M S 4e e e e sus e e e e @ es D e e e suo e e e e e 6 e se ce @ @ ed8 e 5 Me eMe e see Md en e em e a

O en O.

e. O.

em.

O. en.

O. en e.

en. em. O. O. en.

O.

Oe em en 4

e e e

E P

M M

N 4

I a.e :

M W le 4N c c.

O.

. O.

O.

e en e ec c ane e

e We as P m

e e e e

e e e

e e

se me e

se e a e e e 5 O e

amo d 4 e Ob 6 e e e e ame e ** 9 e=0e e eS e ee e e e e e en se e 4 4 e e e re e o ee e ee eo est e

4 M

N me e

H

re ce es as et d

Wh I

M

^>>

.J D's -e se 9

e.

e. en. e.

O. em. O. e.

O O.

e e.

e.

O o

e as we ce 4

e eOe e e e O se B 48 M D d o's e e e e e o eOeeOe a eaOe e e e e e eOeM eOe e e e e e 6 ee e

@e e=e US G e

me se ce h

y M

m se w

O.

e. s..

. O. O.

e e e.

e.

O..

e.

e me ce mz me aee e ee e em O *e e a M M ED e e e ee ee o e se O e eCe eo e a e e a emee Mmee e e eeOe e e eo em.

as t=*

e I

Q e

.e em ee se es sme me g

ce S

E.

e m e.

M. e.

e.

M. N. d.

e.

e. e. e.

e.

e e

dan C

eMOe e e ce O e s's e e es d e a ea ea ee e a e=e e e e e e se e e e a e e e e me 4 O e *e a eeee ea e d

w as e

ce en M

se J

te se me I

N O

e.

d.

..d.

O.

c.e e c..

e. n. e.

o.

e e

e'e N

e e eOe e e e eee e M pe e e eee e e e e se 6 e e e 8 0 e e e a e e O O O e O es e e e eOOOe a ee O.

J P

em em e

un ce ae

e W

==

W en e.

en. e. en. e.

M. Me e

s'to Wee M M. O e

O.

e e e.

6 e

e e

M MM I

s%

e e ee e e e P* e M e O e O es e a e eOOe eOe o e eOe ee eOe e O O M e O e.me e o e oOce eee em se ce me e

ao E

v.

O.

O. e. O. m. m.

O.

O. e. Oe 6 6 6 e e e e e e ee.

c N

eN 8 6 6 e eM eh eMemhOee e am0 0 e e e e e eeee e e e e e e e eMNme e

M en M

I s=a M

U Mo ee eOe eeeJMMMOe e ee ee es eea e e6 ee e o e e e e=eNe e ee e e e e eOee ch e

e e

e 4

N eMe e

en e

e

e. em en. M. en en.

M em e

ce en en M

en as I

A pe em.

se.

N.

M e

e e ce e e e e e4 e se a e P 6 ee a 8 e e4 6 e e 8 e e ee ee e # 6 e e a e eee e e e e e s e ee e 6 ee em 9

4 N

m q

se J

sue w

e e.

O.

e. d.

M. ee m.

e.

r e se e o e e.

dm 8 4 e e e e e em 6 Pe e O *= 6 M C e e eeOe e o e e e e e e e e a e e ee e e e O O== 8 e e e e e e o e e O

I d

en M

e se as t

E w

es 9

o O

4 4

a sm a

m g

as Ae e

4 C

y e e 9

4 we =*

en e

e

9 I

els E

no en h.

e,t

a. I e y g.e.

- e et 49 g

es e

oew 3

en 6

mo e

4 e5 hs se 9

he e n

w a

g te

- ess m - u.

s e e, h

a b

he g w g e e. 2 e m en he

. dea e4 4I E4 V

s

-wes ww as a i.E= - 1 I.S e 1.e. e a w &S e

6

-s w-* * = 4 & W a's D e ad

-e e

S eti m et Ob em Ob A., 4gg ab En se e 6-

.J e v z.=e w a w - - e e -

eo e

et s

. a g9eaJ

e e 3 a e en ew4A2 asa *e 4 e 1 3 es =e e

e

=

w ee ese<+g e-e.,;

e 3

S e g e.s. ne g. A re 4

- m 8 A me he w S gn es es 4

S ses3w=6 mga T

,L d ' o29 m

e)

A ** i de e A 9 s *w e a e= 4 I

h W te se D se e.

Ewe w 5.y * -

s-e-e

&w0C e as a w

e e a

e

=m e

e C8wIe39 wi 3

.aw ww ees w

ee.

.4 s i.

we-ee e -.s a eS - -

L e w-4 r,, em-e om, ae

-3== as = es e.es 4-so.eh en== I 9

>Q>>

et e

te et so 6 m - e 4e Ob.1.b w== ee w& =a.% e

.e

- g w m d z m u m aee - 2 m.a.

to =.=

as a

>6 I

,.s.e es e ne m - w.

m f+ - m

.e.'g 5-

.e==

seY2

-ww2Ja g o3 d3 med w e Q w e. n e. 3 sa e

w m.e o f e-sa e

gw lw-mm u a m

e4us 72 I

1 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY l

I 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 7

9 NS-9-

7 7

N 75-*

o e s igieao a e agsogoe a a e eogsgisoi t oeggooe~

I-

+

9

~-

9---

-,~---9~~

g goegooto e eoo 4 sooe aologooi 19so-oooooom 9 79 g

"g o s o g a t e"e 79" 99 7 797 99"*

~

I o

a o agoga : a s sogt oe a s igogasooo<

m e

=

m m

e idl OddddE m

m= Nam idI h4 I ld I l l e t 8 1 1 8 0 0 0 idiiId4 f t s

I

f I

77 "i 2

~

"99 lg"9 7

I 8

-l ciggo I

g o

I I 3 t i l l iol l i l l #t iool l ooIg

~

Mm }

7 9

~9 7

9 5

7~19 oogoooth loi I I 8 to I lgocol 8 l i l l tol I

lgil i t t D

m m

9 g

-mm m

m

=

w a

==

mmN lhdhid t idIdl l i t i 1 8 1dl 8dil l ldhl ldddI I l

=

I 9

m m

me m

nmm m

o mmmm mmmmmnm Idtdl idd diddhil lh4 0El ihdddidddddddl l l m

U "U

"""1"9" 3

g l e f I I Igo a lg1 1 0 1 1 8 OcigoI I I I I l ocogoool l I

2

-l 9.

g 5

9 7 U

9 1

7 D"U U

Q toi I I l lo C l l l I t il l ol l l-l eot i l lot I looolm h

~

I

.lI

~

=

~m e

~

dl l l l l b l l lN$ l l l l lddl l 'l l l l l $bl l l l dl l b

s

=g I

@a

.glild....d

=

~

m m

m.

m

.......d..........d...

.....dd gp2 7

7 9 9

9 9

"*1 91""

s< g.e g

sos seoso eos a f i t e s e eoeos a sol e somos ecoo<

lC E N

~

g

-m P

o el sdeeae i

aedied: et i l eidie s : 1.sdoe e eddd4 e

=

m 4

mq wune y

-I a

I

l,,,,,,,*

....R

~

o

,,o.

........, 0 4

1 Q

ell y

n m

4 eoe i e e ie e a e ee e s a e e e aede e e i s e e a e i sded g

I

-l N

5 N

N 957 N

'4 ii i i i i r

C le s i iigiii.iiiioi so' ' 'eco' '

a' g

o I

%o 9. *.

.N

.....9 9

7-7 9mq

1 o... i~

I 4

se iosono e sooisi e a s i enos soe e eo roeooos em g

u a

=

g

..n..

5...sq qq n

I

..l i

.o o

oo..... i~

=

2 4

N a

9 m

N 4

4 cl

,,,,,,,E

... dl

...l

,,d..d.....d..e

..s

=

r

$J 9

I 1,

s s

s~

n Ea

~

s e s i n a eo e e s i ae e s i nos e e i n t e i e : : :

eoos s-s I

ce e

b gIS^ t tl.q ql.i I

-e lI kW

10:

1 23 22:

4 mm 73 :

J, w3czb' k,w.

t=sa=

33 2 ;. l, w

1

-r*.d t

= -

u y

=

ee

]m. 65gi i ~4 1

=

3125"c 7 t 0 *3 hE,

del M

I 3 3 45 OGk.

1srs'kau1:3 c y#) T 7,

s3 ello'52 p

v 2 53

?j=3~w:

zu2Ez~h2E315=:ua$3zta!:

3

~

=u s1 ca%g'

.s d

e a!5<

3 59:

I Y:

2-dad 3 5 5 3 3 3 9. 4 3 a b s c r i a 2 c 3 A 2 xd G 2 31 :c 73 I

1 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Electrofishing and gill net data, expressed as catch-per-unit-effort, for the years 1974 through 1984 are presented in Tables V-E-5 and V-E-5.

These eleven years represent two preoperational years (1974 and 1975) and nine operational years (1976 through 1984). Fish data for Transect 1 (Control Transect) and the averages of Transects 2A, 2B and 3 (Non-Control Transects) are tabulated separately.

These data indicate that I

new species are inhabiting the study area and that, in general, the water quality of the Ohio River is steadily improving.

Summary and Conclusions The fish community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS has been sampled from 1970 to present, using several types of gear:

electro-fishing, gill netting, and periodically minnow traps and seines.

The I

results of these fish surveys show normal community structure based on species composition and relative abundance.

In all the surveys since 1970, forage species (minnows and shiners) were collected in the highest numbers.

This indicates a normal fish community, since sport species and predators rely heavily on this forage base for their survival.

Variations in total annual catch are attributable primarily to fluctua-tions in the population size of the small species.

Small species with high reproductive potentials frequently respond to changes in natural environmental factors (competition, food availability, cover, and water I

quality) with large changes in population size. These fluctuations are naturally occurring and take place in the vicinity of BVPS.

Although variation in total catches has occurred, species composition has remained fairly stable.

Since the initiation of studies in 1970, forage fish of the family Cyprinidae have dominated the catches.

Emerald shiners, sand shiners and bluntnose minnows have consistently I

been the most numerous fish.

Carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch, and walleye have all remained common species. Since 1978, sauger has become a common sport species to this area.

Differences in the 1984 electrofishing and gill net catches, between the Control and Non-Control Transects were similar to previous yeara (both 74

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT operational and pre-operational) and were probably caused by habitat pre.ferences of individual species.

This habitat preference is probably the most influential factor that affects where the different species of fish are collected and in what relative abundance.

I Data collected from 1970 through 1984 indicate that fish in the vicinity of the power plant have not been adversely affected by BVPS operation.

I I

I

' I I

< I n

1 l

l

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL. ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT F.

ICHTHYOPLANKTON Objective Ichthyoplankton sampling was performed in order to monitor the extent fishes utilize the back channel of Phillis Island as spawning and

'g nurseqr grounds. This is important because of the area's potential as a e

spawning ground and relative proximity to the BVPS discharge structure.

Methods Four monthly surveys (16 April, 10 May, 8 June, and 12 July) were nducted during the spring and summer, which is the primary spawning season for most resident fish species.

One surface and one bottom collection were taken at Transect 2B (back channel of Phillis Island) during each survey (Figure V-F-1).

Tows were made in a zig-zag fashion across the channel utilizing a conical 505 micron mesh plankton net with I

a 0.5 m mouth diameter.

A General Oceanics Model 2030 digital flow-meter, mounted centrically in the net mouth, was used to determine the volume of water filtered.

Samples were preserved in the field using 5%

buffered formalin containing rose bengal dye.

I In the laboratory, ichthyoplankton was sorted from the sample and enumerated. Each specimen was identified as to its stage of development (egg, yolk-sac, larvae, early larvae, juvenile, or adult) and to the lowest possible taxon.

Densities of ichthyoplankton (numbers /100 m )

8 were calculated for each sample using flowmeter data.

Results A total of 44 eggs. 45 larvae, and 33 juveniles was collected in 1984 I

from 982.8 m3 of water sampled (Table V-F-1).

Seven taxa representing four families were identified.

Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) accounted for 46.7% (24 larvae and 33 juveniles) of the total catch.

Minnow eggs (Cyprinidae sp.) represented 100% of the eggs collected in 1984. No adults were collected in 1984 On a seasonal basis, ichthyoplankton was most abundant and displayed the cost diversity on 12 July when total daily density was 44.23 individuals 3

per 100 m of water filtered (Table V-F-2).

Collections en 8 June 76

M M

M 08 2

g

,_ b

.;A9 ocas rest i,y

., pgga

(

j s

e N

=

2 c

y

4 Z

gM

,/

b

.\\

- * *5 MG

=

g e

Ee

\\,

H" n

AS Wo my I* 2 a 8-IEGEHD 1YMBOLS

, [ g,,,

08 eE AVER VALLEY Ol8 CHARGE A SURFACE TOWS se Da sulertneroRT 0:sCHARGE H

g g ggyygg ygg3 05 INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGE 423

}

O AID 10 NAVIGATION I

- - - - - iR ANsasissioN LINE POWER STATION pogER 51 Ail 000 i

FIGURE V-F-1 ICIITilYOPLANKTON SJJiPLING STATIONS, RUPS

TABLE V-F-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISil EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, AND ADULTS 8

(Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITil A 0.5 m PLANKTON NET IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CilANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B) y NEAR BVPS, 1984 g

5 Depth of Collection Total Collected and Z

Surface Bottom Taxa Density April 16 8

Vol. water filtered (m )

118.2 154.5 272.7 No. eggs collected 0

0 0

No. larvae collected 0

0 0

{

No. Juveniles collected 0

0 0

No. adults collected 0

0 0

jl: o Density (number collected) g{

Eggs 0

0 0

gg Larvae y

0 0

0 mg Total density (number collected) 0 0

0 C

'E 9 Be "

May 10 EO y E5 8

(h vol. water filtered (m )

110.4 134.8 245.2 No. eggs collected 0

0 0

No. larvae collected 0

0 0

g No. Juveniles collected 0

0 0

a No. adults collected 0

0 0

Density (number collected)

Eggs 0

0 0

Larvae 0

0 0

Total density (number collected) 0 0

0

.Iune 8 8

Vol. water filtered (m )

130.9 159.9 290.8 No. eggs collected 42 0

42 No. larvae collected 1

2 3

No. Juveniles collected 0

0 0

No. adults collected 0

0 0

M M

TABLE V-F-1 (Continued)

Depth of Collection Total Collected and M

Surface Bottom Taxa Density Q

o Density (number collected)

Z Eggs M

Cyprinidae spp.

32.09 (42) 0 14.44 (42)

La rvae Catostomidae (EL)I 0.76 (1) 0 0.34 (1)

Notropis spp. (EL) 0 0.62 (1) 0.34 (1)

Etheostoma spp. (EL) 0 0.62 (1) 0.34 (1)

In Total density (number collected) 32.85 (43) 1.24 (2) 15.46 (45)

$E Mf?

July 12 u

m$

S Vol. water filtered (m )

71.6 102.5 174.1 M t-*

No. eggs collected 2

0 2

QE No. larvae collected 36 6

42 No. Juveniles collected 33 0

33 mn No. adults collected 0

0 0

Density (number collected)

Eggs h

g Cyprinidae 2.79 (2) 0 1.15 (2) m Larvae Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) 8.38 (6) 0 3.45 (6)

H Dorosoma cepedianum (LL) 25.14 (18) 0 10.34 (18)

Cyprinus carpio (EL) 1.40 (1) 0 0.57 (1)

Pimephales spp. (YL) 2.79 (2) 0 1.15 (2)

Pimephales spp. (EL) 4.19 (3) 0 1.72 (3)

Notropis spp. (EL) 8.38 (6) 0.98 (1) 4.02 (7)

Cyprinidae (YL) 0 1.95 (2) 1.15 (2)

Ictalurus spp. (LL) 0 1.95 (2) 1.15 (2)

Aplodinotus grunniens (EL) 0 0.98 (1) 0.57 (1)

Juveniles Dorosoma cepedianum (JJ) 46.09 (33) 0 18.95 (33)

Total density (number collected) 99.18 (71) 5.86 (6) 44.23 (77)

M M

M TABLE V-F-1 (Continued)

Depth of collection Total Collected and g

Surface Bottom Taxa Density g

o Yearly Totals z

Vol. water filtered (m')

431.1 551.7 982.8 No. eggs collected 44 0

44 No. larvae collected 37 8

45 No. juveniles collected 33 0

33 No. adults collected 0

0 0

Density (number collected) h Eggs d

Cyprinidae spp.

10.2 (44) 0 4.47 (44) gg La rvae 2o Dorosoma cepedianum (LL)'

4.18 (18) 0 1.83 (18)

EE Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) l.40 (6) 0 0.61 (6)

{

,o Catostomidae (EL) 0.23 (1) 0 0.10 (1) z Cyprinus carpio (EL) 0.23 (1) 0 0.10 (1) hh Cyprinidae (YL) 0 0.36 (2) 0.20 (2) om Notropis spp. (EL) 1.40 (6) 0.36 (2) 0.81 (8)

Ed h>O Etheostoma spp. (EL) 0 0.18 (1).

0.10 (1)

E Pimephales spp. (YL) 0.46 (2) 0 0.20 (2)

Pimephales spp. (EL) 0.70 (3) 0 0.31 (3) h-Ictalurus spp. (LL) 0 0.36 (2) 0.20 (2) g Aplodinotus grunniens (EL) 0 0.18 (1) 0.10 (1) g Juveniles a

Derosoma cepedianum (JJ) 7.65 (33) 0 3.36 (33)

Total density (number collected) 26.45 (114) 1.44 (8) 12.39 (122) 2 Developmental Stages YL - 11atched specimens with yolk and/or oil globules present.

EL - Specimens with no yolk and/or oil globules and with no development of fin rays and/or spiny elements.

L - Specimens with undefinable larval stage due to deterioration.

LL - Specimens with developed fin rays and/or spring elements and evidence of a fin fold.

JJ - Juvenile; specimens with fully developed fin rays.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-F-2 DENSITY OF ICHTHY 0 PLANKTON (Number /100 m ) COLLEC AD IN THE 8

I OHIO RIVER BACK.CHAUNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B)

NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976-1984 I

Date Density Date Density 1973 1979 12 April 0

19 April 0

17 May 0

1 May 0

I 20 June 16.10 17 May 0.81 26 July 3.25 7 June 0.39 20 June 11.69 5 July 14.82 1974 1980 16 April 0

23 April 0.42 I

24 May 0

21 May 0.53 13 June 6.98 19 June 9.68 26 June 9.25 22 July 107.04 16 July 59.59 I

1 August 6.85 1976 1981 I

29 April 0.70 20 April 1.10 19 May 0

12 May 0

18 June 5.99 17 June 26.40 2 July 6.63 22 July 17.14 I

~15 July 3.69 29 July 4.05 I

1977 1982 14 April 0

19 April 0

11 May 0.90 18 May 3.77 g

9 June 24.22 21 June 7.54 5

22 June 3.44 20 July 31.66 7 July 3.31 20 July 28.37 1978 1983 22 April 0

13 April 0

I 5 May 0

11 May 0.66 20 May 0.98 14 June 4.46 2 June 4.01 12 July 44.05 16 June 12.15 2 July 13.32 1984 lb April 0

10 May 0

I 8 June 15.46 12 July 44.23 81

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 8

yielded 15.46 individuals per 100 m (mostly cyprinidae eggs and larvae). Sampling on 16 April and 10 May yielded no ichthyoplankton.

I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Species abundance and composition was similar to that found in previous I

years.

Gizzard shad and minnows dominated the catch with other taxa represented by only a few individuals.

Densities of ichthyoplankton collected in the backchannel (Station 2B) from 1973-1974, 1976-1984, are presented in Table V-F-2.

I Summary and Conclusions Gizzard shad and cyprinids dominated the 1984 ichthyoplankton catch from I

the back channel of Phillis Island. Peak densities occurred in July and consisted mostly of the early to late larval stages.

Little or no spawning was noted in April and May.

No substantial differences were observed in species composition or spawning activity of most species over previous years.

I I

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY

=

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT G.

FISH IMPINGEMENT Objective Impingement surveys were conducted to monitor the quantity of fish impinged on the traveling screens.

I Methods The surveys were conducted weekly throughout 1984 for a total of 50 I

weeks (Table V-A-1).

Except when technical difficulties delayed the start of collections, weekly fish impingement sampling began on Thursday mornings when all operating screens were washed. A collection basket of 0.25 inch mesh netting was placed at the end of the screen washwater sluiceway (Figure V-G-1).

On Friday mornings, after approximately 24 hours2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months , each screen was washed individually for 15 minutes (one complete revolution of the screen) and all aquatic organisms collected.

Fish I

were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g). Data were summarized according to operating intake bays (bays that had pumps operating in the 24 hour2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months sampling period) and non-operating intake bays.

I Results The BVPS impingement surveys of 1976 through 1984 have resulted in the collection of 35 species of fish representing nine families (Table V-G-1).

A total of 177 fish, representing 17 species (18 taxa) was I

collected in 1984 (Table V-G-2).

Gizzard shad were the most numerous fish, comprising 28.8% of the total annual catch, followed by channel catfish (20.9%), bluegill (11.3%) and green sunfish (8.5%), with all other species represented by less than 10 specimens.

Banded darter (Etheostoma zonale), which had not been collected in previous years, was collected in 1984. All fishes ranged in size from 23 mm to 295 mm, with the majority under 100 mm.

The total weight of all fishes collected in I

1984 was 7.42 kg (16.4 lbs). Approximately 35.5% of the total weight of fish collected (both alive and dead) was due to eleven large gizzard shads collected in January and February.

No endangered or threatened species were collected (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1979).

I I

e3 I

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY

=

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT rzcun v-o non urmur.r.

BVPS I

.M tM f

.S.e.

E

Q tt f.

n.... n h, L uni.

. n,.,

i h!!! !J"'Jin" t'J",J....,

I J

f f."Ji"J':.J' f!'h o '""

,, -:U!!! 12, '.unf' '".J 4,

u.

n..,

h

,]

n!.n'l."J".'n Su {

. y ~;

g 7

3,gJ 1w.y s j.

C E

a.-

eiania *.im i....i, N ;;= ;;- ;;a u m..,.

..,u

... r i,....

l

( m

% n.iona.t: cutaway view)

I I

J

'I II (=T.T.-

1s y

L i

n. ~.-;

c./

lt r ; (_.

,,, -a.ir-*"* -*'

e l

\\

\\ hun w l

l w, -- \\.

l

. 'j(l'2"."'.T h

.e A. m.

I l<t a.n.

.. u w...,5 Ie i

! i':::7 : =.c;.r.-

I t

u nw.e.

I, i,,

u

' I 2/

N.....-

/

g s..

_. 1_1, m.

1..,

34

l SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY m

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-1 FISH COLLECTED DURING THE I

IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1983 BVPS Family and Scientific Namel Common Name Clupeidae (herrings)

Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Cyprinidae (minnows and carps)

I Cyprinus carpio Common carp Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner I

N. stramineus Sand shiner

5. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow Catostomidae (suckers)

Carpiodes cyprinus Quillback Catostomus commersoni White sucker I

Moxostoma carinatum River redhorse Ictaluridae (bullhead and catfishes)

I Ictalurus catus White catfish I. natalis Yellow bullhead I. nebulosus Brown bullhead I. punctatus Channel catfish I

Noturus flavus Stonecat Pylodictis olivaris Flathead catfish I

Percopsidae (trout-perches)

Percopsis omiscomayeus Trout-perch I

Cyprinodontidae (killifishes)

Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Centrarchidae (sunfishes)

I Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis cyanellus Creen sunfish L,.

gibbosus Pumpkinseed I

L. macrochirus Bluegill Eicropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass M. punctulatus Spotted bass E. salmoides Largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis White crappie P,.

nigromaculatus Black crappie 85 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-1 (Continued)

I Family and Scientific Namel Common Name I

Percidae (perches)

Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter E. zonale Banded darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch I

Percina caprodes Logperch P. copelandi Channel darter Stizostedion vitreum vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums)

Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum I

1Nomenclature follows Robins et al. (1980)

I I

I e

I

m m

M M

M TABLE V-G-2

SUMMARY

OF FIS11 C01HCTED IN IMPINCEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 IfoUR PERIOD PER WEEK DURINC 1984 BVPS OPERATING INTAKE BAYSI NON-OPERATING INTAKE BAYS Percent Alive Dead Alive Dead length H

Frequency Percent Weight Weight Weight Weight Range o

Tana Number Occurrence Composition Number (g)

Number (g)

(mra)

Z Gizzard shad 51 14 28.8 49 3,860 2

21 27-295 Emerald shiner 27 22 15.3 1

1 18 10 3

6 5

5 36-66 Sand shiner 1

2 0.6 1

2 58 Himic shiner 2

2 1.1 2

3 48-60 Bluntnose minnow 3

6 1.7 1

2 1

1 1

4 52-85 Shiner sp.

3 4

1.7 3

3 23-40 Brown bullhead 1

1 0.6 1

1 45 Channel catfish 37 32 20.9 19 128 17 296 1

4 32-190 G Rock bass 1

1 0.6 1

10 74 m Creen sunfish 15 28 8.5 6

97 2

40 6

72 1

4 55-114 Bluegill 20 26 11.3 4

40 2

24 8

69 6

59 45-113 g ts Spotted bass 9

12 5.1 2

25 2

250 4

107 1

40 57-206 yE khite crapple 1

2 0.6 1

1 38 cd C Black crapple 1

2 0.6 1

98 196 h$

m Johnny darter 1

2 0.6 1

2 57 Z

w Eanded darter 1

2 0.6 1

1 50 MM k r*

iellow perch 1

2 0.6 1

128 213 Freshwater drum 2

4 1.1 2

8 72 y$

o sc Total 177 35 305 102 4,724 23 262 17 131

$H Mn Percent of Total

>m I Intake bays that had pumps operating v thin the 24 hr sampling period.

oM 2 Intake bays that had no pumps operating within the 24 hr sampling period.

O

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Othir organisms collected in the impingement surveys include 142 cray-finh, 5 native clams, 35 dragonflies, and 30 leeches (Tables V-G-6 and V-:;-8).

In addition, 246 Asiatic clams (Corbicula) were collected (Tai le V-G-7).

I The temporal distribution of the 1984 impingement catch closely follows the pattern of catches of previous years (1976 to 1983) (Tables V-G-3 I

and V-G-4).

During each year, generally the largest numbers of fish have been collected in the winter months (December-February) and then the catch has gradually decreased until the late summer period when another smaller peak has occurred.

I Comparison of Impinged and River Fish A comparison of the numbers of fish collected in the river and traveling I

screens is presented in Table V-G-5.

Of the 35 species collected, 13 were observed in both locations, 4 species were collected only in the impingement surveys, while 18 species were taken exclusively in the river. The major difference in species composition between the two type of collections is the absence of large species in the impingement collections. Four species of suckers and/or redhorses, and four species I

of sport fish (muskellunge, tiger muskellunge, walleye, and sauger) were collected in the river studies, but were not collected in the impinge-ment surveys. Sport fish which were collected on the. traveling screens (channel catfish and bluegill) were smaller than individuals of those species collected by river sampling. Minnows and shiners constituted a large percentage of the river and impingement collections.

Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating Intake Bay Collections Of the 177 fish collected during the 1984 impingement studies, 137 (77.4%) were collected from operating intake bays and 40 (22.6%) from I

non-operating intake bays (Table V-G-2).

However, due to differences between the number of operating (80) and non-operating (103) screens washed in 1984, the impingement data were computed with catch expressed z

as fish per 1000 m of screen surface area washed. These results showed 9.6 and 2.2 fish for cperating and non-operating screens, respectively.

As in previous years, the numbers of fish collected in non-operating 88 I

'i M

M M

M TABLE V-C-3

SUMMARY

OF IMPINCEMENT SURVEY DATA FOR 1984 BVPS River en Operating

" N EI"8 Intake Bays Intake Elevation Date Number of Fish Percent Intake Bays Intake Bays 8 Operating Idater Above Mean H

Manth g

Collected Annual Total Alive Dead Alive Dead A

B C,

D Temp 'F Sea level y

Z January 6

24 13.6 1

23 X

X 27.5 667.3 135 20 7

4.0 4

3 X

27.0 666.6 27 8

4.5 4

2 2

X X

28.5 667.8 February 3

10 5.6 3

6 1

X X

28.2 667.0 10 5

2.8 1

4 X

X 28.4 666.4 18 10 5.6 3

3 2

2 X

34.5 672.5 24 5

2.8 2

1 1

1 X

34.0 670.4 G

m March 2

1 0.6 1

X 30.5 668.0 9

8 4.5 5

1 2

X 30.0 668.4 ge 16 2

1.1 1

1 X

31.5 668.0 C

go 23 17 9.6 16 1

X 35.2 672.2 c: c 30 2

1.1 1

1 X

X 37.0 674.5

%$z e"

April 6"

@M 13 5

2.8 1

3 1

X X

42.8 668.5 MM 20 4

2.3 1

1 2

X X

44.0 668.5 y[

27 10 5.6 8

1 1

X X

44.5 669.4 o :z:

DH Ny 4

2 1.1 2

X X

50.0 667.5 Fi n 11 1

0.6 1

X 48.5 669.0 yOk 18 0

0 X

48.5 668.5 g

25 2

1.1 2

X 56.0 670.0

o June 1

3 1.7 2

1 X

X X

55.0 670.0 Q

8 1

0.6 1

X 64.0 667.2 c) 15 2

1.1 1

1 X

X 71.0 666.5 22 2

1.1 1

1 X

X X

67.5 668.2 29 1

0.6 1

X X

X 65.8 667.8 July 6

3 1.7 2

1 X

X X

X 68.0 667.0 13 22 12.4 20 1

1 X

X X

68.0 670.0 20 2

1.1 2

X X

70.0 666.5 27 2

1.1 1

1 X

X 72.5 666.0 August 3

0 0

X X

74.0 666.0 12 0

0 X

X 75.0 667.0 17 4

2.3 3

1 X

70.5 667.6 24 1

0.6 1

X 70.5 666.8 31 3

1.7 1

2 X

X 70.5 665.8

m m

M M

M TABI.E V-C-3 (Continued)

Operating on- @ rating Intake Bays Intake El a on I

Date Number of Fish Percent Intake Bays Intake Baysa Operating Water Above Mean t.n Rmth Day Collected Annual Total Alive Dead Alive Dead A,

B C

D, Temp *F Sea level Q

H Sept en ber 7

2 1.1 1

1 X

X 68.5 666.5 14 0

0 X

X 69.0 666.0 z

21 2

1.1 2

X X

66.0 666.2 4

28 0

0 X

X 65.0 665.5 October 5

0 0

X 58.4 666.2 12 0

0 X

X X

60.0 666.0 19 0

0 X

61.0 666.0 26 0

0 X

60.0 666.5 November 2

0 0

X 59.0 666.8 G

9 1

0.6 1

X 49.5 667.2 oo 16 0

0 X

43.0 668.0 23 1

0.6 1

X 38.5 667.4 pj ts 30 0

0 X

38.5 668.0 c: c lecen.ber 7

1 0.6 1

X 36.0 667.5

%[

g it i

t a

X 28 0

0 X

X 43.0 667.6 Mr EE I

TOTAL 177 35 102 23 17 ox

/ H

,j I

bi o Intake bays that had pumps operating in the 24 hour2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months sampling period.

8 Intake bays that had no pumps operating in the 24 hour2.777778e-4 days 0.00667 hours 3.968254e-5 weeks 9.132e-6 months sampling period.

>m 31mpingement could not be conducted due to frozen discharge pipe.

Mh

Impingement could not be conducted due to high water and continuous screen washings.

g4 ow H

I.

TABLE V-C-4 SlHtABY OF FISH COLI.I.CTED IN 3PPINE:EMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1984 BVPS Number of Fish Collected 1976 1977 1978 1979 operating Non-operating Operating Non operating Operating Non operating Operating Non operating I

Mmth Intake Bays Intake Baysa Total Intake Boys Intake Bays Totst intake Bays intake Baya Total Intake Bays Intase Bays Total h

January 3,792 2,021 5.813 1.136 2,869 4,005 156 41 227 66 16 82 February 1,087 1,0 34 2,121 3,622 2,0 39 5,661 99 73 172 9

8 17 H

March 260 128 388 314 72 386 36 113 149 15 10 25 O

April 19 Il 30 7

3 10 3

1 4

1 0

1 Z

Ny 5

2 7

3 0

3 3

1 4

hw 4'

1 5

4 3

7 2

4 6

2 0

2 d

Any 20 12 32 27 5

32 9

3 12 5

2 7

August 27 IO 37 6

1 7

6 12 18 20 34 54 Sa pe t,e r 8

6 14 1

4 5

7 15 22 9

9 18 Octoter 35 8

43 8

3 11 4

14 18 21 6

27 hw a t>er 15 4

19 9

0 9

1 2

3 7

6 13 Dec ent.c r J74 219 593 174 12 186 20 3

23 8

4 12 Total 5.M6 3,456 9,102 5,311 5,011 10,322 373 281 654 162 100 262 e-.

Number of Fish Collected 00 1980 1981 1982 1981 D

49erating hn-operatigg Operating Non operating Operating ha operating Operating Non-operating g

I M

Intake Bays Intake Bays Total Intake Days Intese Bays Total Intake Bays Intake Bays Total Intake Bays Intake Bays Total yh c

43 January 5

0 5

5 1

6 30 16 44 9

0 9

dc February 5

7 12 21 1

22 24 42 66 10 1

11

> t rf March 16 13 29 4

2 6

4 7

11 5

5 10 P* M O

April 0

11 11 8

0 8

3 6

9 11 7

18 Z

H Pay 0

2 2

7 2

9 1

1 2

16 3

19 MM k

t"'

June 0

4 4

3 0

.7 4

5 9

3 3

4 HH 0

2 2

3 6

9 July 3

10 13 5

2 August 10 4

14 12 1

13 14 0

14 1

5 7

$ts O Septent,e r 4

0 4

15 4

19 13 3

16 16 13 29 OZ oc t ot.er 2

2 4

10 2

12 7

12 19 15 8

23 d

hecet,e r 3

1 4

4 0

4 4

4 8

9 9

18 Decent.e r 6

0 6

28 4

32 16 9

25 49 10 59 go Total 54 108 122 19 141 120 107 227 146 70 216 haber of Fish Collected rg h

IM

.. Operating he operating

t3 I

Mmth Intake Baye Intake Bayes Total o

pf

-I January 34 5

39 February 19 11 30 Marc h 23 7

30 April 15 4

19 Mny 4

1 5

June 7

2 9

July 27 2

29 August 7

1 8

Scptember 0

4 4

october 0

0 0

Nove+1.e r 1

1 2

Dece mber 9

2 2

Total 1 17 40 177

.IIntake bays that had pumps operating in the 24 he sampling perted.

intake bays that had no pumps s,perating in the 24 hr sampling period.

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 5

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMF.NTAL REPORT I

TABLE V-G-5 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED I

IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1984 BVPS Total Number of Percent of Fish Collected Annual Total

.l Species Impingement River g ingement River Gizzard shad 51 174 29.3 38.4 I

Rainbow trout 1

0.2 Muskellunge 1

0.2 Tiger muskellunge 1

0.2 Common carp 97 21.4 I

s Golden shiner 1

0.2 Emerald shiner 27 56 15.5 12.4 Spotfin shiner 4

0.9 I

Sand shiner 1

3 0.6 0.7 Mimic shiner 2

1.1 Bluntnose minnow 3

4 1.7 0.9 White sucker 2

0.4 I

Silver redhorse 6

1.3 Golden redhorse 5

1.1 Shorthead redhorse 4

0.9 I

Brown bullhead 1

0.6 Channel catfish 37 9

21.3 2.0 Flathead catfish 1

0.2 Trout-perch 1

0.2 I

Banded killifish 1

0.2 Rock bass 1

1 0.6 0.2 Green sunfish 15 2

6.6 0.4 I

Pumpkinseed 3

0.7 Bluegill 20 4

11.5 0.9 Smallmouth bass 18 4.0 I

Spotted bass 9

30 5.2 6.6 htite crappie 1

1 0.6 0.2 Black crappie 1

3 0.6 0.7 Johnny darter 1

0.6 I

Banded darter 1

0.6 Yellow perch 1

4 0.6 0.9 Logperch 1

0.2 I

Sauger 10 2.2 Walleye 4

0.9 Freshwater drum 2

1 1.1 0.2 Total 174 453 g

1 1nc1uees on1, thos. spec 1.ns 1eent1,1.d to spec 1.s or stochee h, bries.

I e2

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRON' ENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-6

SUMMARY

OF CRAYFISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS I

CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984 LVPS Number Collected Operating Non-Operating Date Intake Bays Intake Bays Month Day Alive Dead Alive Dead January 6

1 1

0 1

131 I

20 0

0 1

0 27 1

0 0

0 February 3

2 1

1 0

I 10 3

0 0

0 18 0

0 2

'l 24 5

0 5

1 March 2

0 0

2 1

9 0

0 1

0 16 0

0 0

0 23 12 0

5 1

.I April 30 2

0 0

0 2

6 13 4

1 2

1 I

20 0

0 0

1 27 0

0 0

0 May 4

0 0

11 0

0 0

0 I

18 0

0 0

0 25 0

0 0

1 June 1

0 0

I 8

0 0

1 0

15 2

1 2

0 22 3

2 2

0

' g 29 1

1 0

0

' 3 July 6

2 2

0 0

13 8

1 2

1 20 2

1 2

0 I

27 5

2 0

0 August 3

2 1

0 0

12 0

0 0

0 I

17 1

0 0

2 24 1

0 2

2 31 2

0 0

1 September 7

1 1

0 1

I 14 0

1 0

1 21 0

0 0

0 28 0

1 0

1 I

October 5

0 0

12 0

0 0

0 19 0

0 1

0 26 0

0 0

0 I

93

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY j

u 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-6 (Continued)

Number Collected Operating Non-Operating I

Date Intake Bays Intake Bays Month Day Alive Dead Alive Dead November 2

0 0

1 0

I 9

0 0

1 0

16 0

0 1

1 23 0

0 0

0 I

30 0

0 1

1 December 7

1 1

0 0

14 5

1 0

0 21 1

0 0

0 28 0

0 2

0 Total 67 19 37 19 I

I Impingement could not be conducted due to frozen discharge pipe.

21mpingement could not be conducted due to high water and continuous seven I

washings.

I I

!I I

lI iI

I I

e.

I

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-7

SUMMARY

OF Corbicula COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS FOR.ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984 BVPS Number Collected Operating Non-Operating Date Intake Bays Intake Bays I

Month Day Alive Dead Alive Dead January 6

0 5

2 4

131 20 0

1 0

0 27 0

2 2

3 February 3

3 6

0 0

I 10 0

1 0

0 18 0

0 0

0 24 0

0 0

0 I

March 2

0 0

9 0

0 0

0 16 0

0 0

0 I

23 0

4 0

1 30 0

0 0

0 April 62 13 0

0 0

0 I

20 0.

0 0

0 27 0

1 0

0 May 4

0 7

0 0

I 11 0

1 0

0 18 0

0 0

0 25 0

6 0

3 June 1

0 1

0 0

I 8

0 0

15 0

2 0

0 22 0

1 0

0 I

29 0

0 0

0 July 6

6 2

0 0

13 17 4

0 0

20 2

0 2

1 I

27 12 7

1 1

August 3

5 11 0

1 12 1

0 0

0 I

17 2

2 2

1 24 2

9 1

5 31 2

1 0

0 september 7

0 3

0 0

I 14 5

1 1

0 21 4

2 0

1 28 10 0

2 0

I October 5

0 1

3 2

12 5

2 0

0 19 0

2 0

8 I

26 0

0 1

6 95

l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY

=

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-7 (Continued)

Number Collected Operating Non-Operating I

Date Intake Bays Intake Bays Month Day Alive Dead Alive Dead November 2

0 l'

2 6

I 9

1 0

1 5

16 0

0 1

1 23 1

1 0

1 30 0

0 0

0 December 7

0 0

14 0

0 0

8 21 0

0 0

0 28 0

0 0

0 Total 78 87 21 60 I

I Impingement could not be conducted due to frozen discharge pipe.

2Impingement could not be conducted due to high water and continuous screen washings.

I I

I 1

I 96 l

l

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-8

SUMMARY

OF MISCELLANEOUS INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED I

IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24-HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK, 1984 BVPS Date Numbec of Organisms in all Bays Month Day Mollusks 3 Dragonflies Leeches January 6

0 0

0 131 20 0

0 0

27 0

0 0

February 3

1 0

0 I

10 0

0 0

18 0

0 0

24 0

1 0

I March 2

0 0

0 9

0 0

0 16 0

0 0

23 0

0 0

30 0

0 0

2 April 6

13 0

1 0

20 0

2 0

27 0

3 0

May 4

0 1

0 11 0

0 0

16 0

1 1

25 0

2 1

June 1

0 2

0 8

0 0

2 15 0

0 2

22 0

3 0

29 0

2 1

I July 6

2 0

0 13 0

1 6

20 0

2 11 I

27 0

8 4

August 3

0 1

1 12 0

0 0

i g

17 0

2 0

g 24 0

0 0

31 0

2 0

September 7

0 0

0 I

14 0

0 0

21 0

0 1

28 1

0 0

I October 5

1 0

0 12 0

0 0

19 0

0 0

26 0

0 0

97

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

TABLE V-G-8 (Continued)

I Date Number of Organisms in all Bays Month Day Mollusks 3 Dragonflies Leeches November 2

0 0

0 9

0 1

0 I

16 0

0 0

23 0

0 0

30 0

0 0

I December 7

0 0

0 14 0

0 0

21 0

0 0

28 0

0 0

Total 5

35-30 I Impingement could not be conducted due to frozen discharge pipe.

2Impingement could not be conducted due to high water and continuous screen I

washings.

80ther than Corbicula.

I I

I lI I

I

'I I

98 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT bays indicates that fish entrapment, rather than impingement, accounts for some of the catch. Entrapment occurred when fish were lifted out of the water on the frame plates as the traveling screen rotates. Alterna-tively, when fish were impinged they were forced against the screens due I

to velocities created by the circulating water pumps.

Of the 142 crayfish collected in the 1984 impingeme.nt studies, 86 (60.6%) were collected from operating bays and 56 (39.4%) were collected from non-operating bays (Table V-G-6).

Adjusting these data for screen surface area washed (crayfish per 1000 m ) the results show 6.0 2

and 3.1 crayfish for operating and non-operating screens, respectively.

I Corbicula collected in the 1984 studies included 165 (67.1%) in the operating bays and 81 (32.9%) in the non-operating bays.

Again, I

adjusting these data for the screen surface area washed (Corbicula per 2

1000 m ) the results show 11.6 and 4.4 Corbicula for operating and non-operating screens, respectively.

It should be noted that in August 1984, Bay D was dewatered for maintenance.

During this pumping opera-tion, live Corbicula and shells were deposited in the basket at the end of the sluiceway.

Although an accurate count was not possible, due to the flushing action of the water being pumped, the remaining Corbicula I

volumn in the basket was approximately 15 gallons. The average size of these clams was approximately 1 cm.

Interviews with maintenance per-sonnel in November 1984 revealed that the dewatering of Bay B had some Corbicula deposited in the basket but substantially less than the August (Bay D) operation.

I Summary and Conclusions The results of the 1984 impingement surveys indicate that withdrawal of river water at the BVPS intake for cooling purposes has little or no effect on the fish populations. One hundred and seventy-seven fish were collected, which is the third fewest collected since initial operation of BVPS in 1976.

Of the 177 fish collected, 58 (32.8%) were alive and returned via the discharge pipe to the Ohio River.

I I

99

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT H.

PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT 1.

Ichthyoplankton Objective The ichthyoplankton entrainment studies are designed to determine the I

species composition, relative abundance, and distribution of ichthyo-plankton found in proximity to the BVPS intake structure.

Methods Previous studies have demonstrated that species compocition and relativa abundance of ichthyoplankton samples collected in front of the intake structure were very similar to those ichthyoplankton entrainment samples taken at BVPS (DLCo 1976, 1977, 1978, and 1979).

Based on these results, a modified sampling program was utilized from 1980 through the current sampling season which sampled the Ohio River along a transect I.

adj acent to the BVPS intake structure (Figure V-F-1).

Samples were collected monthly, from April through July, during daylight hours along a five station transect. Surface tows were made at Stations 1, 3, and 5 and bottom tows were taken at Stations 2 and 4 utilizing a 505 micron mesh plankton net with a 0.5 m diameter mouth.

Sample volumes were measured by a General Oceanics Model 2030 digital flowmeter mounted centrically in the mouth of the net.

Samples were preserved upon I

collection in 5% buffered formalin containing rose dengal dye.

L In the laboratory, eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults were sorted from the samples, identified to the lowest possible taxon and stage of development, and enumerated.

Densities of ichthyoplankton (number /

3 100m ) were calculated using appropriate flowmeter data.

I Results i

A total of 33 eggs, 62 larvae and 22 juveniles representing eight taxa of six families was collected from 2225.5 m' of water filtered during sampling along the river entrainment transects (Table V-H-1).

Gizzard shad and minnows (Cyprinidae spp.) were the most common taxa, repre-senting 42.7 and 41.0% of the total catch. Gizzard shad comprised 46.8%

of the larvae and 95.5% of the juveniles collected.

Minnows comprised 66.7% of the eggs, 40.3% of the larvae, and 4.5% of the juveniles.

100 I

m m

m M

M M

TABLE V-II-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISIl ECCS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, AND ADULTS (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITil A O.5 m PLANKTON NET 8

AT Ti!E ENTRAINMENT RIVER TRANSECT IN TifE 01110 RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1984 en Total Collected April 16 Station 1g Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 and Taxa Density

[

2 O

Vol. water filtered (m )

83.9 156.1 131.8 133.4 11 3.5 618.7 2:

No. eggs collected 1

0 0

1 0

2 No. larvae collected 0

0 0

0 No. Juveniles collected 0

0 0

0 No. adults collected 0

0 0

0 Density (number collected)

Eggs Unidentified 1.19 (1) 0 0

0.75 (1) 0 0.32 (2)

Total Station Density G

(number collected) 1.19 (1) 0 0

0.75 (1) 0 0.32 (2) g ts tby 10 E

c Vol. water filtered (m )

89.8 134.1 123.6 129.4 112.8 589.4 2

P No. eggs collected 0

1 0

0 0

1 2:

O No. tarvae collected 0

0 0

0

$M No. juveniles collected 0

0 0

0

< t-*

No. adults collected 0

0 0

0 Density (number collected)

O[$y Eggs Unidentified 0

0.75 (1) 0 0

0 0.17 (1) gg Total Station Densit k

(number collected 0

0.75 (1) 0 0

0 0.17 (1)

June 8 O

i Vol. water filtered (m )

81.8 145.4 138.0 132.6 119.8 617.6 8

No. eggs collected 22 0

0 0

0 22 No. larvae collected 1

3 0

0 0

4 No. Juveniles collected 0

0 0

0 No. adults collected 0

0 0

0 Density (number collected)

Eggs Cyprinidae 25.67 (21) 0 0

0 0

3,40 (21)

Unidentified 1.22 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.16 (1) tarvae Notropis spp. (EL):

1.22 (1) 2.06 (3) 0 0

0 0.65 (4)

Total Station Density (numtser collected) 28.11 (23) 2.06 (3) 0 0

0 4.21 (26)

m m

M M

M m-TABLE V-H-1 (Continued)

Total Collected I

Station I Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 and Taxa Density July 12 El Vol. water filtered (m*)

53.6 102.3 63.4 95.6 84.6 399.5 H

No. eggs collected 1

6 0

1 0

8 O

No. larvae collected 10 2

2 1

43 58 No. Juveniles collected 8

1 6

0 7

22 4

No. adults collected 0

0 0

0 Density (number collected)

Eggs Aplodinotus grunniens 1.86 (1) 5.86 (6) 0 1.07 (1) 0 2.00 (8)

Larvae Dorosoma cepedianian (EL) 11.19 (6) 0 0

0 9.46 (8) 3.50 (14)

Dorosoma cepedianum (LL) 0 0

1.58 (1) 0 16.55 (14) 3.75 (15)

Pf:.ephales spp. (YL) 1.86 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.25 (1)

Notropis spp. (EL) 0 0.98 (1) 1.58 (1) 0 9.46 (8) 2.50 (10) e Cyprinidae (YL) 0 0

0 0

9.46 (8) 2.00 (8)

Cyprinidae (EL) 1.86 (1) 0 0

0 1.18 (1) 0.50 (2)

$ c:e Ictalurus spp. (LL) 0 0.98 (1) 0 1.07 (1) 2.36 (2) 1.00 (4)

@> @to Lepomis spp. (EL) 0 0

0 0

2.36 (2) 0.50 (2) s Percidae (EL) 1.86 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.25 (1) t* g O

Aplodinotus grunniens (YL) 1.86 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.25 (1) y en Juveniles yn Dorosoma cepedianum (JJ) 14.92 (8) 0.98 (1) 7.89 (5) 0 8.27 (7) 5.26 (21)

HH Cyprinus carpio (JJ) 0 0

1.58 (1) 0 0

0.25 (1)

$Q Total Station Density hmn (number collected) 35.45 (19) 8.80 (9) 12.62 (8) 2.09 (2) 59.10 (50) 22.03 (88) go

>k Yearly Total t*

Vol. water filtered (m )

309.1 537.9 456.8 491.0 430.7 2225.5 S

No. eggs collected 24 7

0 2

0 33 No. larvae collected 11 5

2 1

43 62 po N;. Juveniles collected 8

1 6

0 7

22 H

No. adults collected 0

0 0

0 Density (number collected)

Eggs Cyprinidae 7.11 (22) 0 0

0 0

0.99 (22)

Aplodinotus grunniens 0.32 (1) 1.12 (6) 0 0.20 (1) 0 0.36 (8) linidentified 0.32 (1) 0.19 (1) 0 0.20 (1) 0 0.13 (3)

Iarvae Dorosoma cepediamna (EL) 1,94 (6) 0 0

0 1.86 (8) 0.63 (14)

Dorosoma cepedianum (LL) 0 0

0.22 (1) 0 3.25 (14) 0.67 (15)

Pimephales spp. (YL) 0.',2 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.04 (1)

Notropis spp. (EL) 0.32 (1) 0.74 (4) 0.22 (1) 0 1.86 (8) 0.63 (14)

M M

M TABLE V-li-1 (Continued)

I Total Collected Station I Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 and Taxa Density us Yearly Total - (Continued)

$H Cyprinidae (YL) 0 0

0 0

1.86 (8) 0.36 (8) y Cyprinidae (EL) 0.32 (1) 0 0

0 0.23 (1) 0.09 (2)

Z Ictalurus spp. (LL)

,0 0.19 (1) 0 0.20 (1) 0.46 (2) 0.18 (4)

Impomia spp. (EL) 0 0

0 0

Percidae (EL) 0.32 (1) 0 0

0 0.46 (2) 0.13 (3)

Aplodinotus grunniens (YL) 0.32 (1) 0 0

0 0

0.04 (1)

Juveniles Doroso.aa cepedianum (JJ) 2.59 (8) 0.19 (1) 1.09 (5) 0 1,63 (7) 0.94 (21)

Cyprinus carpio (JJ) 0 0

0.22 (1) 0 0

0.04 (1)

Total Station Density G

(number collected) 13.91 (43) 2.42 (13) 1.75 (8) 0.61 (3) 11.61 (50) 5.26 (117) oon Station 1 - South Shoreline; Station 3 - Hid channel, Station 5 - North Shoreline.

g6 I

2 alk:velopniental Stages:

$g YL - ILitched specimens with yolk and/or oil globules present.

%m H

EL - Specimens with no yolk and/or oil globules and with no development of fin rays and/or spiny elements.

Z O

LL - Specimens with developed fin rays and/or spiny elements and evidence of a fin fold.

@M w

Nb Ee

-H VO

%is

/2 k O

H

I I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Seasonal Distribution Two unidentified eggs were collected during the first survey (16 April)

(Table V-H-1).

Samples collected on 10 May yielded only one uniden-tified egg.

Samples collected 8 June contained 22 eggs and 4 larvae.

The June collection at Station 1 resulted in the greatest density of 8

eggs collected in 1984 (26.89/100 m ).

These consisted primarily of cyprinids.

I 8

Greatest density per sample (22.03/100 m ) was obtained at Station 5 on 12 July. Greatest density per station was also obtained on this date at 8

Station 5 (59.1/100 m).

Minnow (Cyprinidae spp.) and gizzard shad larvae combined comprised over 86% of the sample.

Spatial Distribution I

Eggs were more abundant at Stations 1 and 2 (Table V-H-1).

Larvae were most abundant at Station 5.

Nearly all larvae collected at Station 5 8

(N=43; 9.98/100 m ), the station furthest from the BVPS intake struc-ture, were minnows and gizzard shad taken during a single sampling effort in July.

Larval catch at Station 5 also exhibited the greatest diversity of taxa, Midehannel Stations 2, 3, and 4 yielded only 5, 2, and I larvae respectively.

Summary and Conclusions I

The similarity of species composition and relative abundance of ichthyo-plankton taken in 1984 along the river transect to those of 1979-1983, combined with the close correlation between river sampling in front of the intake and actual entrainment sampling established in previous years (DLCo 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979) suggests little change in ichthyo-plankton entrainment impact by BVPS in 1984.

I 2.

Phytoplankton Objective The phytoplankton entrainment study was designed to determine the composition and abundance of phytoplankton entrained in the intake water system.

I 104 I

SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

Methods After April 1, 1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly.

Each sample was 1 gal taken from below the skimmer wall from one operating intake bay of Unit 1.

I In the laboratory, phytoplankton analyses were performed in accordance with procedures described above in Section C,

PHYTOPLANKTON.

Total I

densities (cells /ml) were calculated for all taxa.

However, only densities of the 15 most abundant taxa each month are presented in Section C of this report.

Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations after April 1 I

1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program, therefore, comparison of entrainment and river samples was not possible for the 1984 phytoplankton program.

Results of phytoplankton analyses for the I

entrainment sample collected monthly are presented in Section C,

PHYTOPLANKTON.

I During the years 1976 through 1979, phytoplankton densities of entrain-ment samples were usually slightly lower than those of mean total densities observed from river samples (DLCo 1980).

However, species composition of phytoplankton in the river and entrainment samples was I

similar (DLCo 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980).

Studies from previous years indicate mean Shannon-Weiner indices, evenness and richness values of entrainment samples were very similar to the river samples (DLCo 1979, 1980).

I Summary and Conclusions Past results of monthly sampling of phytoplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure shewed little difference in den-l sities (cells /ml) and species composition.

During periods of minimum low river flow (3000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system.

Based on the similarity of density I

of phytoplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the lI 105 lI

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of phyto-plankton was negligible, even under worst case low flow conditions.

I 3.

Zooplankton Objective I

The zooplankton entrainment studies were designed to determine the composition and abundance of zooplankton entrained in the intake water system.

Methods Plankton entrainment samples were collected and zooplankters were I

counted.

For the zooplankton analyses, a well-mixed sample was taken and processed using the same procedures described in Section D, 200-PLANKTON.

After April 1, 1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly.

Each sample was 1 gal taken from below the skimmer wall from one operating intake bay of Unit 1.

I Total densities (number / liter) were calculated for all taxa, however, only taxa which comprised greater than 2% of the total are presented in Section D, ZOOPLANKTON.

Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations after April 1, 1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program, therefore, comparison of entrainment and river samples was not possible for the 1984 zooplankton program.

Results of zooplankton analyses for the entrainment sample collected monthly are presented in Section D.

ZOOPLANKTON.

I During past years, composition of zooplankton was similar in entrainment and river samples (DLCo 1980).

Protozoans and rotifers were predeni-nant, whereas crustaceans were sparse.

Densities of the four most abundant taxa for each month (DLCo, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980) indicate the same taxa were present in both river and intake samples.

In addi-I tion, they were present in similar quancities.

Shannon-Weiner indices, evenness, and richness values for river and entrainment sanples were 106 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT also similar, further demonstrating similarity between entrained and river zooplankton.

I Summary and Conclusions Past results of monthly sampling of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure showed little difference in den-sities (number / liter) and species composition.

During periods of I

minimum, low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of zooplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of zoo-plankton was negligible, even under worst case low flow conditions.

I E

I I

E I

E 107 I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT VI.

TERRESTRIAL MONITORING PROGRAM A.

INTRODUCTION The 1984 terrestrial ecological survey at the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) consisted of a two phase program to detect potential vegetation stress using aerial color infrared (CIR) photography with subsequent field reconnaissance to determine the cause and extent of any I

stress, and an analysis of soil samples to detect changes in soil pH and specific conductance.

Vegetation stress attributed to natural causes such as disease, insect infestations, weath'er variations and changes in moisture regimes, and human-caused impacts can be detected by experienced photointerpreters using either true color or CIR film. Healthy vegetation reflects light in the visible green (0.5-0.6 um) and invisible near infrared

(.07-1.0 um) portions of the electromagnetic spectrum (Hilborn, 1978).

Since the reflectance of near infrared radiation from healthy green I

leaves is even higher than for green light, reductions in plant vigor will result in changes in reflectivity that are more readily apparent when using film sensitive to near infrared wavelengths (Shipley, et al.,

1980).

I The use of aerial CIR photography allows large areas of vegetation to be remotely sensed to delineate areas that have experienced potential 5

stress.

Interpretation of the photographs in the laboratory further reduces time and effort by directing field crews to specific locations l

where the causes of that stress can be determined (H11 born, 1978).

In addition, the use of yellow filters with CIR film decreases the absorp-tion of blue wavelengths, thus reducing the effects of haze that often obscura detail and clarity in true color photography.

!I I

lI I

108 1I

a

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMDANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

B.

AERIAL INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY Objectives The objective of this study was to use aerial CIR imagery and ground surveys to evaluate vegetation stress in the vicinity of the BVPS cooling tower and to determine if drif t from the tower is adversely affecting vegetative communities of terrestrial ecosystems (Environ-mental Technical Specifications, Reference 3.1.3.9).

Methods I

(1) Aerial Photography As directed by the Environmental Technical Specifications, an area of 50 square miles comprising a square approximately 7.1 miles on a side and centered on the BVPS cooling tower was photographed and ground-truthed during the 1984 Terrestrial Ecological Monitoring Program.

The photo-mission was scheduled for the period of July 1 through August 31, 1984 I

to coincide as close as possible to the dates of previous missions.

This period falls within the active growing season which ensures maximum contrast between stressed and healthy vegetation.

Climatic conditions and haze prevented the mission from being flown until August 21.

Flight

. restrictions imposed by Pittsburgh Air Traffic Control extended the time required to fly the mission.

As a consequence, flight lines 2 and 6 were not completed on August 21st.

Between August 22 and August 31 I

there were no days suitable for finishing lines 2 and 6.

On September 3,

the decision was made to extend the specified time period for the photographs from 1100-1400 hours to 1000-15000 hours. This was neces-I sary because haze was precluding flying the mission during the period of 1100 to 1400 hours0.0162 days 0.389 hours 0.00231 weeks 5.327e-4 months . Earlier in the morning and latter in the afternoon the haze was tolerable and the slight increase in shadowing created by the sun's angle was not significant. Flight lines 2 and 6 were flown on September 7, 1984.

The flight conducted on August 21 was flown between 1132 and 1327 g

m hours., and the September 7 flight was flown between 1436 and 1447 hours0.0167 days 0.402 hours 0.00239 weeks 5.505835e-4 months Eastern Standard Time. All flight lines were oriented in a north-south direction.

To provide stereographic coverage, the photographs were taken with a 60% overlap in line of flight and a 30% sidelap between 109 I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPABY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

flight lines.

All lines were flown at an altitude of 2400 feet above mean ground elevation.

The photomission index is shown as Figure VI-B-1.

All photographs were free of cloud shadows, and processing methods and conditions were standardized throughout the project.

The short time frame between the initial photomission and the completion of flight lines 2 and 6 did not pose any evaluative or interpretive prob-lems.

I A flight log was kept in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications. The camera used was a Zeiss RMK 15/23, and the film was Kodak Aerochrome 2443. Other information in the flight log included the camera and lens serial numbers, film

and lot number, filter type, altitude, and dates and times of the flight lines (see Table VI-B-1).

Copies of the two flight logs are provided as Exhibit VI-B-1.

(2) Airphoto Interpretation I

The photographs sere scannad in the laboratory for quality of color, resolution, scale, and clarity. Obvious changes in color tone, pattern, or texture that might have indicated possible vegetation stress we: =

delineated on acetate overlays on the photographs and transferred to a base map.

Areas with the greatest potential for being affected by cooling tower drift were designated for ground truthing. Equipment used included:

I o

KARGL Reflecting Projector, Keuffel and Esser Co.

o Mirror Stereo Viewer, Coyote Enterprises o

Microscope, American Optical, Model 569 o

Elevating Light Table (3) Field Reconnaissance I

General observations of the BVPS and vicinity were conducted the week of October 8 to verify the photointerpreted results that had indicated potentially stressed vegetation. A total of 5 man days of effort were devoted to the field survey.

The 9" x 9" CIR prints were used in conjunction with the photoindex (Figure VI-B-1) and standard USGS 7.5-minute topographic sheets to construct preliminary base maps and to I

110 I

4 A-----a

--.wL

,_#4..e

- 46 4mm._4a. e e,e

>d e4h Em.M e W Ah.Wh- - - - - - -. -

DN n.rrep.-

n "b

[~,

,x.

nw.~i rq..-a n. j*

g

<.. g ~o,..

, n~ y e

w

~

YYk-l

&$ 'b$ Y Y iM>=L

@ gg g ga m q qggp a

.m;m;nww%nwn n&

w

=

u nM,;y Wy nm m

3%c

1 A ' pn gv y

vy Tgnyst' q u7 plq;\\ p g p)f' ~,:..x s

p# s? g y r,m..s.ym e q ;e Q

_ 3-?p y: c

~

4y.. y m

l s.

n g1 ~%,2.v m J~.s v o; i

t.v.ow w mo. + ~V 'n u '-

c

~

. c.<f, />.

c x.7V,.ym op mow J.__ynq n

r pzwg.

p

.g y

.- e:

4, m n

Qj'q.yj}L sk QY,Yga.:.. g

a. g g h. h ~ W,. y.) '. ' $ l '.

f5' f }c,'Q 9 g. y} f,s A o g o ; w h ( m y W f

.. > ;.. ; 9 y.

wws e

9 gpg o@!a n

9 a p g q/.r,w ; g. ag m_ @.a. p y j%.7.,.

m p.;/1 g g %.-

2 o

t t

e-1 y < s c 3,

-,# 4..'

,,,.-...A p v(

m e 9/

~+v.. k, ;,. pg-T p

(]v y.

r..

c -

r v

. -. r3 th O a ;-

p' W Q $ % p) v,

, )

p r g g-4 M y,, % %

3

Q.

, Vk V Q n WO pg f

w cQ %.. g g*

h Y

!-h b hf,m,.p~4

i, u %m %.~ % myA p,g x y-w;!

m.-

. p. ~ s.

~ wx m #n. nm a

~~

w

.w.

p g q w w &p w ?

&e, ;q isJ ww%w 'w-h w

d W4 Q QsQ-n'oEw M,V+ 0' rAfpsg%f; en.

40

-O4

<v ggfy

" j;.F} O i Q y.f,,,f-Qf' f^ff g,n'[ / % g Qa "Q Q c

zr

/

m c. qm.

g.

,./r.o., p.,+..$ am h k,fb f

, n

'Y, A, v.&h y

>y yl

.m s

4%

u f* bff Whh$$5);

lN '5!l &

4 g,g 1 a 4. g~,.[ p g / g.. :,g,. g y{g{w g g

'~

u

,2

[1 "M:$tkk ; h,t fk.}

.},[. d fa (w

- h

., nn

',2 7

i:;,Ah lmo,;y..&Oj RQfff,j-Qf9}e}$Q R

r }s,,,4

}

1 q [ y-l u Ap g.'n.< 4 u

,,q;q n w g

u,e.yp_. e

gx.

m. i n -

n w

yu pi

-o O

v e -

f s n.

n

.s E.W WjQ, y, Q M~ L a-Q.~bY{,~ 4%(AlQXy,%, f.Y I

Qw, 2

s g

.h.., % ~h k,

& f.

~-

. h&

N i;(

hl f

w n

, e

.n x,

[

\\

m,f s.. _..._ I) z

_ # #s_,.

a

. -z g.

s.w,,. 6.

'\\.-

+-,e oc-1 y

"3 w,teg..

<4. y ~

4- ' i

'N u

T51

.in 1. <m

,.e-y

)

'j f[ p

'{

y

%,_ \\;f v %[\\m['p'd-4%

3 [4. y' g ju

> %., i;q 3 '.};},,Q.: e

. KW: T y

Q f,Ti p :s y [. g%gfy gs.f>

,[I [

w j;

t-4.,

.~.

3-1

^

l a J' y,.g -

ff j

3 L,,, ?, a. 7 1,-

Y

,.ji y

x'. y

[?

( 57..

.rv-W

, a g /.gs 4 t

~o 9

g x'A

.4

.xA

.- W nw -

o g '.

,4 b

y'd Afa s

y n n

"i

% ' '^'5 rT N y yr ' j a $

5

/Gq jre

~ Vl

-tY

s. n

.n y*A.k h>,1,. ' p' '

ii/

j N

QT o N l' h i ll F

. N i

^-

s

(

G,p.,p% k INktNdkAn _ N nh

Ib,-

ggy' / '

b bl/M I

i y

gg y - 7 7gp > g g ggjQ,

1

%,N o"* t' Mg

%a-I

- r

,~

s M

fg

7 '

I Le I.

b l'

8

Q.',

}. y M '.j-M' %Ms#

m '.

r

'L.

& '.O',?s [ g/"

ge_

j

> gy:id'

-m

') A

() 1

" j%.m/}.a.

>G (i n' f t j~..

()

f m g p) ( 3 e

c' mW+-

O n,

~. f

.y>.\\,

x s

N\\. 0 )

. +

3 \\

.:_ ~.

e+y

. A),

'o 4-107

V~ (ofgey.]()T-196 3 yg.[,4

.z\\gy3.) 3so-2s2 m~.4, : %,>

o % _,

je v

ma n

uf s-8 rs.-soo r.

\\,

O.

y y

~.

ty > N,

.. ~

x g,

i.,

.>,o g

.s 4.,-

f

f' h 75

'~g '

')j -

-~ ~

k L.

3

?

93 q-

% y ;.1 g

w.

fm

-I or -srs;ar2-s4 ca

,e, o

'.h

,(. y _

J o,

',s0 i

, a s.

.p y

,..;~._.

g

%[

o f,',

n.

7 "A _., DO*264 K-

. f i: \\

t { w 'g y

l

-u f

\\

,.? q o

a

~

rj.-g 3

x y

g,, r,

, 4,

. 7, 3 - _\\

j,J( pyg.43g ;,. (

jg O f-2 r

'g

,%s g( > s t ')

g) s.

~w~. x q/ ()m

. &a y <

' v o t 'o, ai,7so a;

.,6

~.

o.

,,c,

,s ".

+

a n

g a

-,b \\.

4e s.

f

..-g ;-

(

-' A' Dw

{c

'N

. C %, 7 ' g.

g

.s y'*

a, t.

I ) s-f 40.

j

-Q

,7 jJ>\\()

Nip 7

, 4)

. /,-

o

/.~

4-

!g 0-c e xg s y, o 1(oL a:

'N 1

cn:

0 ton M g4

^#

1. _o.

s N - E' 0 htfj X, A ?. %yf:e pf

. "L Q O., D 'N i'

a p

,,0 o

a y

me I

w

,e A,

.o y c~y

(

ro&xW o

.- o

.s t, (<,T m

4 o

a.

v Q

ox 3 w w-p&-

s)

/

c4 x.-

s r

1 O

3

'.x.

0--

8,.

t-a

-02./ %,

y: o.f c,.,7,u

}...

.,o t.

2

-.. y b p@; %) g

{p y

t

/

~

,l, et

q '. o,,.4

%e e

/

%s os j

a

=

s sr x

o sn m

~

wm y

.x.

a

- o a-se o4:sYs&s-ses +

Wr-2os a

Y*-2* * -10 01t-s** *' '.u'aO rs-are Pr***o* / ^ -. ~ 5-os-2ss o,2 n,4 so-2* r

..< o,. n,r +

n~

~

c o -

-,i y-y 39 z.,

..s N

i -

-v i'd; 1

e c_.

~

/ y'.'

.,QL..s 3_ 3

[ pg) wfg,/. _

x

. /,

,..,. f. p,.

, s. :

y/

s.,

- /

_ _~g

_ z e. s ;--.; p g

,J.

7 7,,

~

. _2,

lL

- l

,. g 1 ' {;

"s i

""f....

V\\,

f' %..

t4 m

3 Z

LEGEND

>h FIGURE VI-B-1 M

(

z5 E

OM O

4>

Q 15 - 433 Photograph Frame Number PN N

({

INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHY and Center Point Locations N

o Er D

g' p Z BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION for Infrared Photos p

., o AND VICINITY M

h August 21 and September 7,1984 iq we. sc.i : e.-

s

I SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE VI-B-1

SUMMARY

OF THE 1984 AERIAL ? HOT 0 MISSION FLOWN IN THE VICINITY OF THE BVPS Specifications Camera: Zeiss RMK A 15/23 SN 119016 Lens: Zeiss SN 123614 I

Focal Length:

153.079 mm Magazine:

117915 Shutter Speed:

1/400 or 1/300 (See Flight Reports)

I

f. Stop:

5.6 Filter

Minus Blue Film Type: Kodak Aerochrome 2443 Film Lot Number: 2443-291-12 I

Scale:

1" = 400' Photomissions Date: August 21, 1984 Time:

1132-1327 Eastern Standard Time Date: September 7, 1984 I

Time:

1436-1447 Altitude: 2400 feet above mean ground level for all lines Weather: Hot, clear, no cloud shadows (both dates)

Time Lines were Flown:1 Line Start End 8-21-84 1

1238 hrs.

1240 hrs.

I 3

1318 1321 4

1223 1224 1246 1247 I

5 1252 1255 7

1324 1327 8

1153 1156 9

1140 1143 I

10 1132 1135 11 1213 1216 12 1304 1306 I

13 1202 1205 14 1217 1220 15 1307 1308 1312 1314 I

9-7-84 2

1436 1439 6

1444 1447 1 Tim.s s,oun are,or.x,os.res.t111.ee in 31s st eF.

g 112 I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT EXHIBIT VI-B-1 R. M. KEDDAL AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

I FLIGHT REPORT CREW

/

DATE 8-21-84 ROLL #

Film Type 2443 Weather 0

Altitude 2,400 Shutter Speed 1/400

f. Stop 5.6 Filter M.B Camera 119016 Magazine 117915 Lens 123614 CFL 153.079 Job DLCO Location Beaver County, PA I

EXPOSURES LINE DIR SHOT USED PHOTO NO.

REMARKS 058-062 Test I

10 S

063-094 064-093 262-291 9

S 095-123 095-122 234-261 124-127 Abort Line 13 I

8 S

128-157 128-157 204-233 158-174 Test 13 S

175-204 176-204 351-379 11 S

205-234 206-234 292-320 I

14 N

235-264 235-264 380-409 4

S 265-287 265-282 87-104 288-293 Test I

1 S

294-322 295-322 01-28 4

N 323-334 323-333 105-115 5

N 335-365 335-364 116-145 366-379 I

12 S

380-409 380-409 321-350 15 N

410-428 410-416 410-429 15 S

429-448 429-448 430-436 I

3 S

449-477 449-477 58-86 7

N 478-513 478-506 175-203 514-516 Test I

I I

I 113 I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

EXHIBIT VI-B-1 (continued)

R. M. KEDDAL AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

I FLIGHT REPORT I

l CREW

/-

DATE 9-7-84 ROLL #

Film Type 2443 Weather 0

Altitude 2,400 Shutter Speed 1/300

f. Stop 5.6 Filter M.B l

Camera 119016 Magazine 117915 Lens 123614 CFL 153.079 Job DLCO Location Beaver County, PA I

EXPOSURES LINE DIR SHOT USED PHOTO NO.

REMARKS 2

S 01-60 02-58 29-57 I

(Even No.'s) 6 S

61-92 63-91 146-174 I

I I

lI I

w I

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY

=

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT locate areas suspected of containing stressed vegetation.

Where possible, vegetation was closely examined to determine the cause of stress. When vegetation was inaccessible due to terrai,n difficulties or private property, binoculars were used to aid characterization. During the field survey, the location, extent, and severity of stressed areas were documented.

I (4) Vegetation Mapping A final map indicating the location and distribution of vegetation stress was constructed from the base maps and results of the field survey (Figure VI-B-2). This map can be compared with similar maps from' previous BVPS vegetation monitoring results to note trends in type, location, and extent of vegetation stress.

I Results The 1984 photographs were better exposed than the results from 1982, which were slightly overexposed. Color saturation was generally good on all frames.

Photos taken latter in the afternoon exhibit somewhat greater shadowing due to the lower angle of the sun and the hilly terrain.

Overall, the 1984 photographs tended to be slightly under-I exposed as a result of the faster shutter speeds used (based on the discretion of the photographer).

Such effects were minor and did not alter the ability to detect stress.

On the contrary, stressed areas were easier to identify on the 1984 photographs than the 1982 photo-graphs.

I As shown in Figure VI-B-2, a number of vegetated areas experienced some form of stress. These areas are identified by letters on the map, each l

letter representing a particular stress type.

As indicated on the map, maj or causal factors of identified stress included insect damage, disease, overcrowding, poor drainage, erosion, herbicide kill, con-struction, and logging.

Due to inaccessibility, the stress in many areas had to be labelled unidentified.

It is most likely that these stress areas followed the general trends of the region.

115 lI

a--

a.,aaa.ma.Ea a

aa-

,_e.

/

ny y

,,,.y

?

2%,? tp3pf sn%g _z-Ay V ~

,f_ u h~

g,.-,y: v.Q... / 4,,;bw.

,4

,;.,:7,;)t%c.p;pg%ny +g$ PN, y,1.N 4, g p y<j x.k

~&

t

< m %grgh ca.

o

~

3p.

G apg f'

f

[-

g 1

n, n

?'..h En&. j-f, fff" ;u.y$ b N

l-fiS.

u p' 7

2f-

%w1 M. t.

x

-,i ur1.,, mw y4

.s.

7 e'

wm s

u

-- g9.

t,.

y f l

0 x'

x

,, -)[

[s-? ;

i$

' '[

.\\

g R'. % $g, k z.! y J14. L.,,1%..,.' g !L,aa hF w%}e @ L l3

%,,+i a i

'1 v.9 LW wthha7's p g

D

?l y..

. a. 4

~w

%o $.hk%cpac m A Au ga 9 m -,.a m

Th'hakk Np ' $f.

f" 3

TQM g !NQ'QtQ h hg A m[Q~g n c

Qj y

n-

& & l 4 k % $s w. h W, c [9f,$ n w m w C

sp w~nx.er vi d i f b 3 M,M. u m

/

C 423n@ wwf99% s%aa, w w &g[ # x % % W yw sphy W&

hkhk MNm#.t,e(;mj A<j_w h!k,h w

.n., v. n~.o bbb h

n.

a,s*y. a;tr nw w u

3r g-

. M3Mg Y

3. 4...

j r-

'-3 s s

I 'f i.

'f',

i;d gM^lh[&[&cff)hs@h sk m zuurs&, m y

,j

),

- gkk

[: v,N r,

f

%hrhk

. $,p, # _?

,9 g,g y g,yt p m,,g yAnt w

~ s _fip ;pa. m _. g. -

. h,N ~ t. $vt ~f4+%. u %w" A 7

t

_ <, x JS u-

4

.o su'%.

!'m' w, i g:

u mw n

n m :r j s. n u m.= a,euz-9,.9

r. 1 R

4

n. A, i E x6

,2, MjNA((&w&p~.)

s a m$Q(

4L;."

.a

+

y h h.,

. 4:9Q&

{

,,.m. : %%'C 'v %, ~ qp,,p

... m

-/

,y;:' p-f M

= - ; ;w - -- -

X Q imi g ig / [

. c $=,;o.V

7 h* Q, yr,. f. g f >,.c.-,3}s'*#,g.

~

~ Qj

\\

n?

y 3 /;/ :p (

t,-

m-

.~. >::; y ;%\\, ',&

.c f

3 W

\\

h-

.,u i

g

d g %j, / +.e a

,,hw. :-g%. - 7 n,<

/

f 3%,g.

. n

..y p w a

s.

a

. se,

t

~. <. -

Q-f f', t

.i I

..o w -

~

j'.

. ' ~ %

-1..s. s u ggn n % 3...Q Q>n.,Th, y y,)ky,,,N'.1my

.~

ySq e y

.,4

,,g E

r p.

%A w.74,%

.,_1g -

t

% g.s..,. ;s p< y.,=w

~q Qy ;.

.'. 3 x

b~

-y t4

-Qf pM4

.t@-

.,ye 5 a,

x y-.* 7 y.;

y.:

w 4

.Y

%, 1':, w%

o 41 N(4' ; i,',*ak...

W 4

4,v.,a

/:+

k v, IM p<

+

e.

i 3

o-e c

w v

c..,

o G4 at 4

jf,.

M g?.k 5 k. W / ar.<h \\

f%

.M../

h1l,h%fd v.%

J A e

5[ L O

p

\\-

h..[ [(b*,-($f[' f h

,, r

/

k ' [g._ M.

ga* g :

M,,,@

Y

' A -) <

~ ' ',

.N

i-w

).

I y ' N <

3,,M. '

(,'

, f w 'l. 'r p l, c 3

/

s j y' a

g

c w.: ['l(

u k

j

[. ^

. j. !,,

.. Ei

.n

,, 4 lp f

.., _ n _f :.

y

(-h

}

3 p

( _n y -

.m

'V1 k.

3-i e5

.m q:p uofY

.nt

1

?g:G d C>

d FIGURE VI-B-2 2

LEGEND D

d Q.-

m rd A FALL WEBFORM G UNIDENTIFIED DISTURBANCE (G-1: Orchard)

N DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION STRESS

f B LOCUST LEAF MINER H HEAVY EQUIPMENT ACTIVITY IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY C DUTCH ELM DISEASE I EROSION POWER STATION,1984 I

D DEAD / DECADENT / THIN CROWNED TREES J UTILITY CORRIDOR MAINTENANCE h

E POOR DRAINAGE / PERIODICALLY FLOODED K LOGGING ACTIVITY m

o e

m F NECROSIS L OVER GROWN WOODLOT Approximate Scale 4

.--.e m

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

TABLE VI-B-2 I

TYPE AND FREQUENCY OF VEGETATION STRESS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION, 1984 ECOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM I

Vegetation Stress Cause Occurrence Percent A Fall Webworm Natural 280 28.54 B Locust Leaf Miner Natural 156 15.90 C Dutch Elm Disease Natural 0

0.00 D Dead / Decadent / Thin-Natural / Unknown 50 5.10 I

crowned Trees E Poor Drainage /

Natural 61 6.22 Periodically Flooded I

F Necrosis Unknown 12 1.22 G Unidentified Disturbance Unknown 367 37.42 H Heavy Equipment Activity Human 9

0.92 I Erosion Human 5

0.51 J Utility Corridor Human 18 1.83 Maintenance K Logging Activity Human 16 1.63 I

L Overgrown Woodlot Natural / Unknown 7

0.71 981 100.00 Note: Refer to Figure VI-B-2.

I I

l 5

117 I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REFORT Eleven major stress types distributed over 805 individual areas were identified and observed in the field.

A number of the areas contained more than one type of stress, thus, the total number of occurrences of stress investigated was 981. These ranged in size from small clumps of trees less than an acre in extent to relatively large blocks of wood-land.

Numerous individual trees were probably stressed throughout the area under investigation, but in most cases, only larger groupings were delineated on the base map and visited in the field.

Natural Causes Of the 981 occurrences of stress, 554 (56.47%) cf the occurrences were determined to be the result of natural causes (Table VI-B-2).

These were divided into five categories discussed below: fall webworn, locust leaf miner, poor drainage and/or periodic flooding, overage (over-mature), and overcrowding. The letters in parentheses correspond to the map identification symbols.

A sixth caregory utilized in the previous year's monitoring programs, Dutch elm disease, was not specifically identified this year.

The three areas the disease has been noted in past years are now dead elm trees in poor drainage areas. No additional mapable size areas of newly infected Elm trees were identified during the 1984 program.

Fall Webworm (A)

Two hundred eighty areas contained trees damaged by a combination of fall webwom (Hyphantria cunea) and to a lesser extent Eastern ' tent caterpillar (Malacosoma americanum).

The term Fall Webworm has been retained to provide consistency with the results of the previous studies.

The affected areas are relatively uniformly scattered about the study region.

Johnson and Lyon (1976), and USDA Forest Service (1979) indicate that the fall webworm is known to attack over 100 tree species.

In the vicinity of the BVPS, fall webworn damage was most extensive in wild cherries (Prunus serotina and P.

virginiana),

hickories (Carya spp.) and to a lesser extent American elm (Ulmus americana), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), ashes (Fraxinus spp.)

and willows (Salix spp.).

The eastern tent caterpillar also utilizes a l

large number of host trees, but primarily is noted on wild cherries.

118 lI

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT The fall webworm is a small white moth that deposits its egg masses in the spring.

The emerging larvae pass through as many as 11 instars in which they spin silk webs over foliage on the ends of branches, skeletonizing the leaves as they feed (Borror and White, 1970; USDA Forest Service, 1979). However, as defoliation takes place late in the growing seasons, damage is of minor importance from a forestry stand-point.

The east.ern tent caterpillar is a late spring defoliator which results in some decrease in plant growth, especially in the cherries which are often the hardest hit.

These caterpillars emerge in the spring just as the tree buds are opening.

Since the photomission was flown in late August, evidence of fall webworn was at a peak.

Overall, the fall webworm infestation in 1984 appears to have been heavier than in previous years based on general observations of the field personnel.

Although not as heavy, evidence, of the eastern tent. caterpillar was also observed in the field (dirty, shredded, silken tents containing cast larval skins).

I For purposes of this study, only areas of heaviest concentration of these two lepidopterans are noted on the mapping of stressed areas. Due to the codominance of wild cherry trees throughout the entire study region, all wooded areas exhibited minor infestations.

Locust Leaf Miner (B)

In comparison to the 1982 vegetation stress survey, the occurrence of locust leaf miner (Xenochalepus dorsalis) is on the rise, as is typical of the outbreaks that commonly occur in western Pennsylvania.

In addition to the leaf miner, another major cause of stress in the locust trees of the study region is attributable to infestations of Locust Borer (Megacyllene robiniae).

The term locust leaf miner has been retained to provide consistency with the previous vegetation stress studies.

A total of 156 separate stressed areas were identified as being related to a combination of these two pests.

119 1

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 AENUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT The locus leaf miner is a beetle approximately 6 mm long that hibernates through the winter.

In the spring, the adults emerge and begin to feed on the developing foliage of black locust, dogwood (Cornus sp.), elm (Ulmus spp.), oak (Quercus spp.), American beech (Fagus grandifolia),

I cherry (Prunus spp.), wisteria (Wisteria spp.), and hawthorn (Crataegus spp.).

Eggs are laid on the underside of black locust leaves, and af ter hatching, the larvae eat into the inner layer of leaf tissue, forming a mine.

When stands of locust are infested, they appear brownish as though dead, but late summer defoliation is usually not harmful (Hepting, 1971). Outbreaks of locust leaf miner occur yearly in Western de' foliated (Baker, Pennsylvania, and tens of thousands of acres are 1972)'.

The locust borer is a serious pest wherever black locust occurs. Young I

larvae of this 3/4 inch beetle overwinter in bark cells, become active in the spring, and work (bore) their way into the sapwood and heartwood.

Extensive tunneling takes place until mid-summer when the larvae pupate.

Signs of attack include swelling and sap stains on trunks and branches.

Trees are often badly disfigured, and young stands can be entirely destroyed. This results in reduced growth and vigor, and the. trees are more susceptible to wind damage (USDA, 1979; Pirone, 1970).

I Locust trees are a co-dominant species in the study region being a primary invader of lands disturbed by mining, logging, and abandoned agricultural fields.

Cyclic increases and decreases in locust leaf miner and locust borer are common.

Dutch Elm Disease (C)

Dutch elm disease, caused by a fungus (Ceratocystis ulmi) carried by the native elmbark beetle (Hylurgopinus rufipes) and the European elm bark i

beetle (Scolytus multistratus), was not observed in any locations large enough to map.

Individual and small clumps of dead elms (presumably due j

to Dutch elm disease) were observed in a few scattered areas during the field surveys.

I 120 l

I l

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAh"I E

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Poor Drainage / Periodically Flooded (E)

Evidence of stress caused by poor drainage or flooding occurred in 50 locations.

These were primarily small areas along drainage courses or in the lower elevations of forested wetlands.

According to Levitt I

(1972) excess water is not a stress in itself. Flooding, however, gives rise to two secondary stresses-turgor pressure stress and oxygen-deficient stress--and tertiary ionic stress from buildups of toxic manganous and ferrous ions.

In addition, stressed vegetation may then become more susceptible to injurious insect and disease attacks (Treshow, 1975).

Dead / Decadent / Thin-crowned Trees and Overgrown Woodlots (D and L)

Stress attributed to decadent (overmature or overage), overcrowded, and overgrown conditions was observed. in a total of 57 locations.

This I

represents about 5.87. of the total areas investigated.

The loss of vigor due to inter-or intraspecific competition and the inability to tolerate changing conditions may have led to eventual death or to accelerated death from insect infestations or disease outbreaks enhanced by overcrowding. Reasons for decline in the number of areas mapped with these stress forms primarily relate to size of areas mapped.

A con-tributing factor is to increase in understory growth that occurs as I

canopy trees die.

Human Activities Forty-eight of the 981 (4.89%) occurrences of stress noted during the 1984 monitoring program were attributed to human activities.

These consisted of heavy equipment activity, induced erosion, utility corridor maintenance, and logging.

I Heavy Equipment detivity (H)

Activities using heavy equipment resulted in the stress or removal of vegetation in 9 locations.

Vegetation removal for mining has taken place in several locations.

Several partially active and abandoned surface coal mining operations are in various stages of revegetation and were not included.

One large extension to a sand and gravel operation west of the BVPS was mapped. One relatively large area along the Ohio 121 l

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAh7 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT River at Ohioview is continuing to be developed as a dredge disposal area, resulting in extensive vegetation removal.

The remainder of the heavy equipment activity areas are relatively small construction sites.

Erosion (I)

Erosion due to construction activities was occurring in two locations in Ohioview, in one location along the Ohio River across from Ohioview, and in two locations in the vicinity of Midland.

These areas were all relatively small in extent.

I Utility Corridor Maintenance (J)

Use of herbicides to maintain utility corridors primarily occurred in three locations.

Eighteen individual plots appeared to have been treated.

I Logging Activity (K)

Sixteen logging operations were identified during the survey.

This increased activity over the 1982 survey (3 sites) corresponds to the marked increase in logging activity as a whole in Beaver County during the past few years.

In addition to these sites, the 1984 program noted I

numerous areas too small to map that appear to have been cleared / heavily thinned by firewood cutting activity.

Unidentified or Unknown Causes The causes of vegetation stress could not be identified in 367 of the 981 stressed areas mapped.

This was due to a combination of factors l

including inaccessibility, budget limitations, and inability to adequately ascertain the cause or causes of stress in some instances.

Necrosis (F) l Evidence of coniferous necrosis was observed in 12 locations.

Possible l

causal factors included overcrowding, airborne S0 and ozone, and/or 2

runoff or spray containing road deicing salts.

Conifers are highly susceptible to overcrowding and pollutants (Jacobson and Hill, 1970; Moxley and Davidson, 1973; Mudd and Kozlowski, 1975).

The possibility 122

!I

I SECTION UI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL EMUIRONMENTAL REPORT of a combination of factors (Treshow, 1975) resulted in categorizing the cause of coniferous necrosis as unknown.

l I

Unidentified Disturbance (G)

Approximately 37% of the occurrences of stress could not be accurately I

identified.

However, due to their random distribution and variable 1

sizes, it is most likely that the majority of the stressed areas were the result of insect infestations, particularly fall webworm and locust leaf miner.

One additional occurrence of unidentified stress, labelled G-1 on Figure VI-B-2, is represented in three orchards where individual trees have been stressed. No cause of this stress was apparent. Overmaturity is a possible explanation as is over fertilization.

I Sun: mary and Conclusions During the summer and fall of 1984, vegetation stress was monitored in the vicinity of the Beaver Valley Power Station cooling tower as part of an Ecological Monitoring Program.

Color infrared aerial photography, photointerpretation of the imagery, and field observations were used to detect stressed or damaged vegetation and to determine probable causes.

I Evidence from the photography and fieldwork indicated that the majority of occurrences of vegetation stress was due to natural causes including insect infestation (fall webworm / eastern ten caterpillar, and locust leaf miner / locust burer), poor drainage in low areas, overcrowding, and overmaturity.

Extensive areas of unidentified stress were also delin-eated (most of which is most likely fall webworm and/or locust leaf I

miner.

Several coniferous species showed stress caused by possible air pollution (S0, ozone), salt damage from adj acent public roadways, 2

and/or overcrowding. Human activities resulting in vegetation damage or stress included heavy construction, erosion, utility corridor mainte-nance, and logging.

Of the 981 identified and delineated occurrences of stress, over 567.

were probably caused by natural factors.

Thirty seven percent of the 123 lI

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANKUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT occurrences were categorized as unknown; the majority of these areas can be assumed to be of natural causes. Less than 5% of the occurrences are attributable to human. activities.

I Based on interpretation of the CIR aerial photography and field veri-fication, there is no evidence to suggest that the BVPS cooling tower is causing vegetation stress.

A combination of drift from the BVPS and Bruce Mansfield cooling towers, regional stack emissions, air pollution from other sources such as automobiles, and the local climate may contribute to vegetation stress in the region.

The uncertainties of such combinations and resultant synergistic effects would make it difficult, although not impossible, to measure the actual contribution of the fVPS coeling tower drift to the effects.

It is also possible that the BVPS cooling tower is subtly affecting local microclimatic systems with its inputs of moisture and heat.

Damaged vegetation from winter ice buildup would be a diagnostic measure of this effect, but there was not evidence of heavy limb fall or struc-tural damage in the photographs or field observations.

Enhanced con-dicions for the propagation of insects or disease organisms is another possible result of microclimatic modification, but the study of such I

phenomena was beyond the scope of this program.

I I

I m

I

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY m

1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT C.

SOIL CHEMISTRY (ETS References 3.1.3.10)

Objectives Conductivity and pH.of soils were studied as part of a program to monitor the impact of cooling tower drift on the terrestrial ecosystem.

I Methods H

2, Soil samples were collected in April, 1984 and analyzed for pH and soluble s alt concentrations.

Statistical analyses of pH and soluble salt concentrations indicated that a minimum of ten (10) samples were required from each soil series to detect statistically significant changes at the 0.05 level of prob-ability.

Fifteen (15) samples were obtained per sampling point and the I

arithmetic mean and standard deviation were calculated and compared to prior sampling periods.

Ten (10) permanent sampling locations (see Figure VI-C-1) representing points of projected low and high salt deposition from cooling tower drift have been established. Using a soil test auger, soil samples were collected at ten (10) locations.

I Three (3) equidistant radii (e.g.,

0*,

120*, 240* azimuth) were estab-lished about the pin marking each permanent sampling point.

Samples were collected to a depth of six inches at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 feet along each radius for a total of fifteen (15) samples per permanent sampling point.

Samples were prepared by transferring each soil sample to a I

plate, and distributing the sample uniformly over the plate. The sample was dried overnight at 10-15'C above room temperature.

Using a hand grinder, the soil samples were crushed until a major portion passed a 10-mesh (U.S. No. 10) sieve.

The crushed soil samples were then placed in jars and mixed for five (5) minutes on a mixing wheel. About 20 grams per sample was prepared for chemical analysis.

I 125 I

SECTION VY DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT T

?, 9 l

\\

ii Y!lll

1. l

+

l e:i fl R i g

s!! I I

e !!

l i

7

=

?

9 s

n

,!! I M

i i

..N 8

1 =

t 4 t,/

=

i

.. s, r,

t s

b

./j

\\ N ).,

e j

g e

o-N,.~

I t.

'\\

g,,

U l

I g.l!

.. /

N If/

I gg g'1

..-p /

'fj.i i

gg i

i I

g al E

0,.j f ~,i r- -

.y I

/,!

.a

\\

f

.g

)

T l/

l l

y

-- - g \\

j

!j'X E

c': N:N i-Nb /

l a

d og I:

A.;g. eg' 3 3 l ;5 l !

f9 El

<'b I,f'Y\\,I M Iligli t;

8 s

./

f/

/

)

a Ee-ge

/.

E o

co

/

a e :: z.a o g "b.:. '. )

/

/ / /*

sz=

I i

i 5

}

osass

!I 1

y m4' )i;i s/

l 4-j'\\

g!,!

g s

=

/

a

S t

)( f.:

gae eR a

i '.i

=

i o

=1 l;

el

!asllis u!

l

,/

/

~

n

17. #

E

.E i"#

/

/* %I l l i )

)l/

f l

ja

/

I

'<'.f,

j

/

l j/' 1 ; 3 "A

'?

j/

"I

/

i l/

l

\\./U M l

iy.

I

I 12e I

l l --

..-#.,.m.,,_...--r.

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

Specific Conductance (Soluble Salt Concentration)

Specific conductance is determined by using a conductivity bridge, a dip-type conductivity. cell, and a thermometer.

When the conductivity value has been determined, the electrical conduc-tivity is converted to approximate salt concentrations using the following formula:

I o

Salt concentration (mg/ liter) equals 640 x electrical conduc-tivity (mmhos/cm)

The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of pH and conductivity values are calculated for each of the ten (10) permanent sampling points.

I A one-way analysis of variance is used to compare the values of this sampling period which values obtained for previous sampling period.

I Results (April 1984)

Soil pH conductivity results are based on nine (9) sampling points, not ten (10), because sample point 1-1 was apparently obliterated during construction work at the BVPS Unit 2 Emergency Overflow Structure. The mean pH of the soils from the nine (9) sampling points stipulated in this program did vary (See Table VI-C-1) with the highest mean pH at I

sampling point 1-2 (6.22) and the lowest at sampling point 4-2 (4.29).

Of the 135 soil samples analyzed, the range of pH values was from 4.01 to 6.73.

The mean pH of all the samples was 4.69.

Sampling points 2-1 and 2-2 exceeded the investigation levels established by the original seventy-five baseline samples by 0.18 and 0.06 pH units, respectively.

l l

Specific Conductance values varied from a low mean value of 0.100 mmhos/cm at sampling point 2-2 to a high mean value of 0.133 mmho/cm at sampling points 1-2 and 3-2 (See Table VI-C-2).

The lowest conductivity l

value of the 135 samples was at sampling point 2-2.

The highest indi-vidual conducitivity value was 0.228 recorded at sampling point 3-2.

Average of the mean specific conductance levels was 0.120 =mhos/cm.

I 127 I

l SECTION UI DUQUESNE LIGHT. COMPANY B

1984 AN14UAL ENVIRONME14TAL REPORT I

TABLE VI-C-1

SUMMARY

OF PH LEVELS 4/20/84 Sample Mean Standard Standard Investigation2 Point pH Deviation Error Range Levels High Low M

Low 1-2 6.22 0.30 0.071 6.73 5.97 7.4 6.0 2-1 4.88 0.28 0.066 5.21 4.58 4.7 3.9 2-2 4.56 0.18 0.029 4.91 4.36 4.5 3.6 3-1 4.33 0.22 0.033 4.82 4.01 4.8 4.0 3-2 4.53 0.24 0.037 4.87 4.09 4.6 3.7 4-1 4.37 0.14 0.022 4.72 4.11 4.5 3.7 4-2 4.29 0.12 0.019 4.49 3.98 4.7 3.8 5-1 4.60 0.12 0.019 4.92 4.32 4.9 4.0 5-2 4.41 0.14 0.021 4.68 4.30 4.4 3.6 I

1.

Mean values are the arithmetic averages of the fifteen soil samples I

obtained per sampling point.

Sampling points 2-1 and 2-2 exceeded the investigation levels.

2.

I The investigation levels are 107. of the mean pH from the first 75 samples (15 *amples taken on 5 dates 12/74, 6/75, 2/76, 6/76, and 12/76) (beatned at each point.

I I

128 lI

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W

1984 ANNUAL ENVXRONMENTAL REPORT I

TABLE VI-C-2

.I SU:0!ARY OF SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE VALUES 4/20/84 Sample Mean of Specific Standard Standard Investigation 1

Point Conductance Levels Deviction Error Range Level High Low 1-2 0.133 0.030 0.008 0.183 0.109 0.66 2-1 0.107 0.028 0.006 0.148 0.073 0.48 2-2 0.100 0.029 0.006 0.151 0.069 0.42 3-1 0.121 0.034 0.010 0.218 0.088 0.40 3-2 0.133 0.026 0.008 0.228 0.106 0.40 4-1 0.111 0.017 0.006 0.177 0.081 0.38 4-2 0.126 0.016 0.006 0.183 0.102 0.42 5-1 0.121 0.014 0.005 0.165 0.107 0.38 5-2 0.132 0.032 0.008 0.193 0.095 0.38 I

I 1.

Mean values are the arithmetic averages of the fifteen soil samples I

obtained per sampling point. None of the nine sampling points exceeded the investigation levels.

2.

The investigation levels are based on a 1007. increase in the mean specific conductance values obtained for the first 75 samples per point.

(15 samples taken on 5 dates 12/74, 6/75, 2/76, 6/76, and 12/76).

g I

I.

129

' I

SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Discussion of Results a

A one-way analysis of. variance was used to compare the pH of April 1984 samples with the pH of June 1983 and December 1978 samples (See Table VI-C-3).

Sampling points 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, 3-2, and 5-2 were significantly different at the 1% level for June 1983. Sampling points 2-2, 3-1, 3-2, and 5-2 were significantly different at the 1% level for December 1978.

I The mean pH for all sampics from June 1983 was lower than those reported for December 1974, June 1975. February 1976, June 1978, December 1978, and June 1983, bu t' higher than June 1976 and December 1976 values (Figure VI-C-2).

The greatest change in mean pH between successive sampling periods occurred between December 1976 and June 1978. The mean pH of all points for April 1984 decreased by 0.14 units.

At the indi-I vidual sampling locations, only sampling points 1-2 and 3-1 had a lower mean pH value than the average of the seventy-five baseline samples (Figure VI-C-3).

Sample point 1-2 exhibited the greatest change from baseline samples with a decrease of 0.6 pH units.

Since the pH values for sampling points 2-1 and 2-2 exceeded the investigation levels, the points were resampled in June to verify the slight pH level increase.

I Analysis showed sample point 2-2 to be within the investigation levels while 2-1 still exceeded the investigation levels by 0.09 pH units.

Sites 2-1 and 2-2, both located on a steep hillside, could be varying I

because of the erosion of soil from above onto the site.

Conductivity A comparison of the conductivity values between samples obt.ained during April 1984 with those obtained during December 1978 indicates signifi-cant differences at the 1% level occurred at four (4) locations (See Table VI-C-3).

No significant differences between April 1984 and June I

1983 were reported for all ten sample points.

The mean conductivity value for all 135 samples from April 1984 was lower than any value previously recorded (Figure VI-C-4).

Between successive sampling periods, the greatest change occurred between December 1976 and June 1978. The mean conductivity decreased from 0.125 130 I

M M

M TABLE VI-C-3 COMPARISON OF PH AND SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE VALUES APRIL 1984 VS. JUNE 1983 AND DECEMBER 1978 g

M 4

pH Specific Conductance H

Sampling Soil Expected Salt 4/84 6/83 12/78 Significantly 4/84 6/83 12/78 Significantly O

P.sint s Type De nsition Hean Mean Hean Different Hean Hean Mean Different 4

6/83 12/78 6/83 12/78 H

I-2 Fope allt High 6.22 6.44 6.37 0.133 0.14 0.170 loam 2-1 Wharton im 4.88 4.58 4.74 0.101 0.12 0.139 sitt loam e.

2-2 Wharton High 4.56 4.22 4.34 0.100 0.11 0.146 cn e

sitt loam 2:. 8 3-1 Cilpin-Welkert High 4.33 4.69 4.56 0.121 0.12 0.114 shaly sitt loam

%Q

~

M 3-2 cilpin-Weikert 1.ow 4.53 4.11 4.28 0.133 0.14 0.107 x

EM shaly sitt g t-*

Wg 4-I Cilpin channery im 4.37 4.36 4.41 0.111 0.11 0.!!6 O

sitt loam hf g Mn 4-2 Cilpin channery High 4.29 4.31 4.34 0.126 0.14 0.147

%C O sitt loan gg pg 5-1 Wellston sitt Im 4.60 4.55 4.50 0.121 0.13 0.128 E

leam W

5-2 Wellston sitt High 4.41 4.26 4.23 0.132 0.14 0.172 d

a--Expected los and high deposition levels are relative to each soil type, b--Signitcantly 4tiferents

at the 5% leve'

- a t the 11 level.

M M

M Beavar Valley Power Stetton Soil Survey Hezn and 95 Percent Condidence Limits of Soil pil for all Samples Obtained on each of nine dates.

ui H

HO 5.2 Z

H N

64 h

5.0 "e

co.

s a

i P

m cc

, 4. 8 u

- - )

z i

ta mM d

< r.

z gg

. _u.

a ci m

hm e_

9 15 o

4.6 i

__,k_-

l

p m

m

__ g ~

o t_

1 4.4 i

)

I I

g 4.2 j

12/74 6/75 2/76 6/76 12/76 6/78 12/78 6/83 4/84 Sampling Dates FICURE VI-C-2

I SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

I I

-7.2

.+

S.-.

- - L -.

..J I

6.3 I

6.6 o

ew Iu o so

% e 6.4 a

c~

ao1-e 6.2 eu a.

I m3a e u oma eo a

e u-e c.

6.Q w a. e a e

e I

u~c o

wa o

a**

5.8 a a cg e emu a u

eo w.c o 5.6 euwe

n. e e

o.e m

e

"$^

E 5.4 Ie ee H := - o 9 o.

c ~ -. u m S.2 m

n 0-wu e o c. o I

xm<~

5.0 4.3 I

4.G I

4.4 I

. 4.2 4.0 I

3.8

- I-l' 1-2 2-1 2-2 3,1 3-2 4-1 4-2

.5-1 5-2 semplies Locations FIGURE VI-C-3 133 I

M M

M i

Beavsr Valley Powac Station Soil Survey.Hein and 95 Percent Confid:nce Licite of Soil Conductivity for all Samples Obtained on Each

.of Nine Dates, t

un moH Ho 0.30 z

.__ ' __ I

.,_ - __. f ___

,r i

l H

ll _.__

' 'i). 2 5 q

g u

l m,,

O

.c po m

g cc

^

t; to.2r, l

2 t,

.c r_.

pm e

i o

g,

.g

_L

__i

_ L' _

gg WG g

I u

-f--

An i

l-t 2 C)

I

~,en. ! ',

X Ng

__n

_ _ _.._r

.j.

@M m

O 0.10 B

8 i

I 0.05" 12/74 6/75 2/76 6/76 12/76 6/78 12/78 6/83 4/84 Sampling Dates FIGURE VI-C-4

l SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY m

1934 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT mmhos/cm to 0.120 mmhos/cm - a difference of 0.005 mmhos/cm.

At the nine (9) individual sampling locations, all sampling points had lower mean conductance values than the average of the previous baseline seventy-five samples (Figure VI-C-5).

The greatest change at an indi-I vidual sampling location, between the April 1984 samples and the origi-nal 75 samples, occurred at sampling point 1 a difference of 0.19 mmhos/cm.

The variance in the conductivity data was similar to the variance in the pH data. The usual dispersion was observed for the mean of all samples and the individual sampling location means as compared to the five (5) previous sampling periods.

None of the mean conductivity values exceeded the investigation levels established by the original samples.

Summary of April 1984 Results I

As summarized in Table VI-C-3, the pH and specific conductance levels varied slightly. The fluctuations noted between years and seasons are a result of natural phenomena (i.e.,

flooding, soil moisture) to which terrestrial biota are adopted.

The 1984 soluble salts concentrations are considerably below the point where vegetation would be adversely affected. Cooling tower drift did not affect either pH or conductivity in a measurable way.

I I

l l I I

1 133 l I

M M

M Hean and 95 Percent Confidznce Limits of Soil Conductivity at each Sampling Location for April 1984.

(Data for each sampling location based on 15 samples).

en mn

.-i s

o2

t2

~~...s..~~

gc

~~d..o s~~
n e
>M 0
E 1 0.20
~~8 r in H~~
g z
gM
..l.
t
<e l.
ss
.g Wo w
~~g..~~
om g
I
~
i 8
kd
-s I
s' -
mn
'ss' O.15 de Mo g
pm r>
1
- r wQ 3
G Q
o a
- ~ ?
w I:
H
~~0.10~~
.,g..
0.05 1-1 1-2 2-1
' 2-2 3-1 ~
3-2 4-1 4-2 5-1 5-2 s
I Sampling Locastons FIGURE VI-C-5
I SECTION UII DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1986 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT VII. REFERENCES Baker, W.
L., 1972. Eastern forest insects. USDA Forest Service Misc.
Publ. No. 1175.. Washington, D.C.
~~Borror, D.~~
J.
and R.
E.
White, 1970.
A field guide to insects of America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1979.
Pennsylvania's Endangered Fishes, Reptiles and Amphibians.
Published by the Pennsylvania Fish Commission.
Dahlberg, M. D. and E. P. Odum, 1970.
Annual cycles of species occur-rence, abundance and diversity in Georgia estuari'ne fish popu-I lations.
Am. Midl. Nat. 83:382-392.
DLCo, 1983.
Annual Environmental Report, Non-radiological.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No. 1.
124 pp.
DLCo, 1982.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No. 1.
126 pp.
DLCo, 1981.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No. 1.
105 pp. +
Appendices.
DLCo, 1980.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No. 1.
160 pp.
DLCo, 1979.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.
149 pp.
DLCo, 1977.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.
123 pp.
DLCo, 1976.
Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1.
Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.
132 pp.
EPA, 1973.
Biological field and laboratory methods. EPA-670/4-73-001.
Cincinnati, OH.
I
~~Gilbert, C.~~
R.,
1964.
In: A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, 3rd Ed. 1970.
American Fisheries Publ. No. 6.
Washington, D.C.
Hepting, G.
H., 1971. Diseases of forest and shade trees of the United States. USDA Forest Service Handbook No. 386. Washington, D.C.
I Hilborn, W.
H.,
1978.
Application of remote sensing in forestry.
Inn Introduction to remote sensing of the environment.
B. F. Richason, Jr., ed.
Kendall/ Hunt, Dubuque, Iowa.
I 137 I
F I
SECTION VII DUQUESNE LZGHT COMPANY 1984 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Hutchinson, C.
E.,
1967. A treatise on limnology. Vol. 2, Introduction to lake biology and the limnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.,
New York.
1115 pp.
klynes, H. B.
N.,
197d.
The ecology of running waters.
Univ. Toronto Press, Toronto.
~~Jacobson, J.~~
S.
and A.
C.
Hill, 1970.
Recognition of air pollution injury to vegetation:
a pictorial atlas.
Air Pollution Control Association, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania.
112 pp.
Johnson, W.
T. and H. H.
Lyon, 1976.
Insects that feed on trees and shrubs, Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York. 464 pp.
~~Levitt, J.,~~
1972.
Responses of plants to environmental stresses.
Academic Press, New York. 697 pp.
I Moxley, L. and H. Davidson, 1973.
Salt tolerance of various woody and herbaceous plants.
Horticultural Report No. 23.
Michigan State University, Department of Horticulture. East Lansing, Michigan.
ORSANCO, 1983.
Quality Monitor.
(Monthly summary of data for the States of
~~Illinois, Indiana,~~
~~Kentucky, New~~
~~York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia.)~~
~~Pielou, E.~~
C.,
1969.
An introduction to mathematical ecology.
Wiley Interscience Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
~~Pirone, P.~~
P.,
1970.
Diseases and pests of ornamental plants.
The Ronald Press Company. New York. 546 pp.
Robins, C. R., R. M. Bailey, C. E. Bond, J. R. Brooker, E. A. Lachner, R. N. Lea, and W. B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada (Fourth edition).
Amer. Fish. Sco. Spec. Publ. No. 12:1-174.
~~Scott, W. B.~~
and E. J.
Crossman, 1973.
Freshwater fishes of Canada.
Fisheries Research Bd. Canada. Bulletin 184. 966 p.
~~Shipley, B.~~
L.,
S.
B.
Pahwa, M.
D.
Thompson, and R.
B.
Lantz, 1980.
Remote sensing for detection and monituting wf salt stress on I
vegetations evaluation and guidelines.
U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
~~Treshow, M.,~~
1975.
Interaction of air pollutants and plant disease.
In:
Responses of plants to air pollution.
J. B. Mudd and T. T.
Kozlowski, eds.
Academic Press, New York. 383 pp.
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1979. A guide to common insects and diseases of forest trees in the northeastern United States.
Forest Insect and Disease Management NA-FR-4.
Forest Service.
Northeastern Area, State and Private Forestry, Broomall, Pennsyl-vania.
126 pp.
138 I
I SECTZON VZI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1984 AE UAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1973.
Air pollution damages:
trees.
Forest Service.
Northeastern Area, State and Private Forestry, Upper Darby, Pennsylvania. 32 pp.
~~Winner, J.~~
M.,
1975.
Zooplankton.
In,:
B. A.
~~Whitton, ed.~~
River n
ecology.
Univ. Calif. Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles.
pp.
I 155-169.
I l
l i
I t
i l
l 139
,

ML20113C060

Contents

Text

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

5.6 Filter

SUMMARY

Navigation menu

ML20113C060

Text

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

5.6 Filter

SUMMARY

Navigation menu

Search