ML20100B564

Applicant Exhibit A-C-34,consisting of Undated Info on Protection Against Corrosion Fatigue

ML20100B564
Person / Time
Site:	Shoreham File:Long Island Lighting Company icon.png
Issue date:	09/20/1984
From:	AFFILIATION NOT ASSIGNED
To:
References
OL-A-C-034, OL-A-C-34, NUDOCS 8503280444
Download: ML20100B564 (4)

Text

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ns. M Corrosica fatigue crack growth rates for 4340 steelin 3 percent Nacl FIGIJRE 11.3 solunon [10) trepnnted by permission of the Amencan Society for Tesun Matenals).

l 11,1,4 Protection against Corrosion Fatigue The principal way we can reduce corrosion fatigue problems is to choo materials that resist corrosion in the expected environment. Increased co rosion fatigue resistance can also be accomplished through vanous s treatments, such as shot peening, cold working, and nitriding, which ind desirable surface compressive self-stresses. Anodic coatings have u been beneficial, while cathodic coatings have been dettimental. Z cadmium coatings are anodic to steels and have produced improved! co rosion fatigue resistance. Zinc coatings have provided the better impr '

ments. Chromium and nickd are cathodic to steels, and electrolytic  ;

with these metals produces undersirable tensile self-stresses, hairline! su face cracks, and possibly hydrogen embrittlement.

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- 11.2 Fretting Feelgue 227 l Surface coatings such as paint. oil, polymers, and ceramics can protect

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• against corrosive air and liquid environments if they remain continuous.

4 However, under service conditions for many components and structures it is difficult or maybe impossible for these coatings to retain complete con-tinuity. Broken or disrupted coatings can eliminate the beneficial effects.

Oxide coatings can be beneficial to corrosion fatigue resistance. Cladding i of higher strength aluminum alloys with a pure aluminum surface layer )

I (alciadding) has caused substantial increases in corrosion fatigue resistance of the base alloy. They often decrease air fatigue resistance, however. Shot-

peening in conjunction with oxide coatings has caused even greater in-creases in corrosion fatigue resistance. In fact, shot-peening alone is quite g

beneficial to corrosion fatigue resistance as well as to air fatigue resistance.

j Corrosion inhibitors that form an adherent corrosion resistant chemical film on the metal surface have been somewhat successful. Chromates and dichromates have been widely used. -

11.1.5 Dos and Don'ts in Design I. Do consider that matenals are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking 5 f under static loads when stress intensity values are greater than Kisee.

i which vanes from about 0.1 to 1.0 times Kw. 4 4

2. Don't relate water or salt water ccrrosion fatigue resistance of steels to ultimate tensile strength. Many carbon and low alloy steels have similar k

corrosion fatigue strengths in water and salt water and thus high strength __ __ 7 l

steels may not be advantageous unless surface compressive self stresses

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Y l and/or protective coatings are used. Long. life corrosion fatigue strengths 3 in water and salt water can vary from about 5 to 40 percent of the i .i.

ultimate strength. h

3. Do obtain better corrosion fatigue resistance by choosing a matenal that eshibits low corrosion in the service environment.

4 Do consider stainless steels for better corrosion fatigue resistance; but their resistance is reduced relative to fatigue resistance in air.

5. Don t overlook the deletenous effects af humidity on fatigue resistance.

particularly in aluminum alloys.

6. Do consider the many factors that can improve corrosion fatigue resist-ance such as shot peening, surface cold working, nitriding. anodic coat-ings cadmium and zinc cladding, paint, oil, ceramic and polymenc coat-mgs, and chemical inhibitors.

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11.2 FRETTING FATIGUE -I 7 ~ -

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The nature of fretting-induced fatigue failures is not well understood and the terms used to desenbe the phenomena are not universal. Terms such as  :~

frettmg. fretting corrosion, frettmg fatigue. fretting corrosion fatigue, and i 4'

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