ML20083F586
| ML20083F586 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 05000142 |
| Issue date: | 12/27/1983 |
| From: | Hirsch D COMMITTEE TO BRIDGE THE GAP |
| To: | Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel |
| References | |
| ISSUANCES-OL, NUDOCS 8401030189 | |
| Download: ML20083F586 (18) | |
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COMMITTEE TO BRIDGE THE GAP D0pmgSter 27,1983 0 1 1637 Butler Avenue, Suite 203 Ios Angeles, California 90025 2 (213) 478-0829 83 DEC 30 A10:03 i 3 ' r UNITED STATES & AMERICA " 4 NUCLEAR REGUIA70RY COMFISSION 5 BEFORE THE A70MIC SAFETY AND LICENSIPC 30ARD 6 7 In the Matter of Docket No. 50-142 OL g THE REGENTS T THE UNIVERSITY
& CAWORMA (Proposed Renewal of Facility License)
(UCLA Research Reactor) 10 MOTION FOR CURTAILMENT OF ACTIVITIES (II) I2 The 1984 Olympics 13 14 I. Introduction 15 On July 19, 1983,1 the Committee to Bridge the Gap moved the 16 Atomic Safety and Licensing Board to expedite evidentiary hearings on 17 the adequacy of security at the UCLA nuclear reactor, a matter largely 18 deferred for the last three years while certain threshold issues were 19 re solved. CBG requested that those security hearings be scheduled for 20 no later than February 15, 1984, so that the issue of the adequacy of 91
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the reactor's security could be resolved well in advance of the 1984 99
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Olympic Games, a portion of which are to be held at UCIA. Indeed, UCLA 93
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is to be Olympic Village, with thousands of athletes housed within a 24 few hundred meters of the UCLA nuclear reactor. 25 96
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1/renewedJuly25, October 14,andDecember13 Those notions have 97 not yet been ruled upon. 28 8401030189 831227 4 PDR ADOCK 05000142 G PDR g)
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2 1 CEO pointed to published reports that the reactor was, 2 as Newsweek called it, "an obvious target for terrorists" during the ]' 3 summer Olympics, and for that reason requested that the stalled security 4 proceeding te expedited so that there would be sufficient time to take 5 whatever protective measures the Atomic Safety and I.icensing Boani 6 might rule necessary. It was CBC's position that the Special Nuclear 7 Faterials on site should be shipped offsite prior to the Clympics and g remain offsite during the Oly= pics, the period of greatest risk. g It had been the position of UCLA, however, that sabotage protection, 10 whether during the Olympics or at any other time, was not required by , NRCregulations.2f That threshold matter has now teen disposed of by 77 I the Board in its Fay 11 and October 24 Kemoranda and Orders, affirming 12 that sab tage pr te ti n is indeed required by 10 CFR 73 40. 13 As arrangements for shipping Special Nuclear Eaterials take 74 , many months, and as the irradiated fuel must be c'ooled down prior to i Deing shipped, a clock has been ticking ever since CBC's July motion g for expedited proceedings on the security issues. gg here now appears to be little possibility of hearing by gg February 15 .Mowever, were decision to be reached later, and the Socrd t c neur with C3G's position that the unique security situation posed 20 ! by the Olympics candates that Special Nuclear taterial not be at a 21 reactor only a few hundred feet away, it could be too late to take the g g necessary action. The fuel would not have time to cool for shipping, i 24 25 2/ This despite the Columbia decision, the clear language of 10 CFR 73.h0, i the Commission's annual reports to Congress indicating all research reactors 26 must have sabotage protection, the assertions of Staff's affiant Carlson l at the research reactor safeguards meetings that 73.40 requires all research 2# reactors to protect against satotage, and numerous exchanges of correspondence g through the 1970s between UCLA and the NRC about the sabotage protection requirements. t
I and there would not te sufficient time to make the necessary, time-2 consuming arrangements for such shipping. 3 Therefore, the operations of the facility must now te curtailed, 4 so that the irradiation level can decline in preparation for possible 5 off-shipment, and arrangements must now be made for shipping to be 6 completed sufficiently prior to the Olympics so that potential terrorists 7 know there is nothing worth attacking at the reactor facility, that no 8 fuel is even on site. 9 These actions-- curtailment of operation and preparations for 10 off-shipment-- can always te reversed if, after hearing the evidence, 11 the Board determines then unnecessary. But failure to take these 12 precautionary measures now would foreclose the Board's later deternination 13 that they are necessary, and could thus pose a major and irreversible 14 threat to public health and safety. 15 II. Discussion 16 17 To Not Act Now is to Act by Default 18 The Board has before it CBG's contentions that security at 19 the facility is inadequate. A major risk is associated uith the 20 upcoming olympics, to begin in July. Even if hearings are new expedited, 21 as CBG continues to request, it is unlikely that a Board decision could 22 he issued before late May at the earliest, what with pending protective 23 2/CounselforUCLAexplainedattheJuly 25, 1983, hearing (Ta 2098) 24 that the " incredibly complex" arrangements necessary to package and ship such materials, including getting approval for shipping containers, 25 final destinations, and so on, require that the arrangements te made well in advance of the prospective shipment date. Likewise, no off-shipment from 26 the facility has occurred to date without a long cooling-dcun period. Delays spent debating the precise minimum advance period necessary will 27 doubtless take us over the threshold to the point of no return. 28
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order, discovery, and sumnary disposition matters to resolve tcfore 2 hearings and filing of proposed findings of fact and conclusions of lau after hearing. Even were a Board decision possible by late by, 3 it would be too late to take the measures the Board may have determined 4 5 ne essary. Potentially catastrophic public injury by successful sabotage f the UCLA nuclear reactor during the Olympics-- which the Soard may 6 in ray or thereaf ter rule preventable by fuel offshipment-- could not in 7 fa t be prevented because there was no longer sufficient time left in 8 g which to arrange the necessary precautions.
""**d * *** ** d * *"*" 1# ' " *
- 8 ""d d ** " * " * ""** 1 10 g operations and commence off-shipment preparations, the Board will g have essentially decided-- by default and without an evidentiary base--
g the critical issue of adequate reactor security in the face of the Olympics threat. Failing to curtail now would foreclose the Board's ability to rule at all on this important matter, producing irreversible injury. To not take precautionary, reversible measures now to preserve the Board's ability to rule on the matter before it would te, in effect, l ,e., to reward delay. The Board has twice overruled UCLA's arguments that sabotage protection is not required, and may, if C3G prevails on the facts as well as the law, determine that the specific measures suggested by C3G regarding the Olympics are necessary. Without the proposed precautionary actions taken now, however, such a ruling might be simply too late to prevent a truly catastrophic event. 24 Irreversible Injury: Tremendous Potential for Public Harm
'Ihe Board already has before it sworn testimony and declarations 96
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indicating that sabota6e at the UCLA reactor could have devastating results in terms of public exposures to radiation. A release of just 25% of the og radiciodines could result in doses in excess of a million Ren to the
- ,-c --.-,. _ ...- m .
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5 I thyroid near the facility and doses in excess of leSal limits out 75 2 kilometers (see sworn testimony by Dr. Roland Finston of Stanford, 3 Dr. Lowell Wayne of Southern California Federation of Scientists, et al). ,
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4 Sabotage could release far in excess of 25% of the UCLA reactor's radio-5 iodines (see, e.g., Kaku declaration, 2 83, indicating 80% release from 6 explosion and incendiary-induced fire). 7 Judge Luebke at an early prehearing conference (TR 125) 8 inquired as to whether there weren't irradiation ports through which 9 harmful caterials could be inserted into the core, the consequences of 10 which might be considerably more severe than those of the accident
- 11 conceived by Staff and Applicant to be the maximum accident credible.
12 Without going into detail here, it is obvious that tremendous damage 13 could be intentionally done to the reactor in question- with explosives, 14 incendiary devices, simple arson, or through other means. If one recalla 15 the extensive physical damage done to the U.S. Emtassy and Earine 16 Headquarters recently just by car bombs, and considers in addition to 17 the consequences of equivalent physical destruction the release of hundreds of thousands of curies of radioactive fissian products in a 18 39 huge U.S. city while the whole world's attention is captured because of 20 the Olympics, the magnitude of the threat becomes apparent. As indicated in CEG's Fanel IV testimony during the recent 21 inherent safety hearings, the radiological consequences from even less 22 g severe, non-intentional destructive incidents Could be enormous. e injury that could result to the public from calculated, intentional 24 destruction, given the dense population nearby, swollen even greater ty 25 the Olympics, must give pause to those responsible for atomic safety. I 26 Counsel for UCLA, at the February 23, 1963, prehearing 27 28 Y 2ere are millions of people within 75 kiloneters of the reactor site. j
I conference (Ta 905). said about the UCLA reactor, "We certainly never 2 said it is inherently safe from sabotage. That is an absuni proposition." 3 Yet, despite admitting that the reactor isn't inherently protected by 4 nature of its design from radiological sabotage, it has been UCLA's p siti n throughout this proceeding that it was not required to have 5 6 a physical security plan to prevent sabotage, a position the Board has 7 ruled contrary to NRC regulations. A tragedy of major proportions could 8 result if compliance measures-- meeting Board approval-- are not in place g prior to the Olympics. 10 g he Threat is Real ere are daily press reports about the potential for tragedy 12 at the upcoming Olympics, which represent a tremendous attraction to 13 potential terrorists. g L s Angeles Police Chief Daryl F. Cates, interviewed December 16, 15 1983, " Face the Nation," (reported in the los Angeles Tines of Eccember 16 19), said the 1984 Olympics would provide a " great stage for those who i.t want to get across a nessage" through acts of violence. Newsweek (June 27, 1983) reports about the dangers associated with the Olympics due to various groups "who might be eager to settle political grudge matches before an international TV audience estimated at 2 5 billion." h e UCLA reactor has been prominently identified as a likely target. Newsweek again:
"One obvious target for terrorists is the small nuclear 25 reactor at UCLA. LA00C security director Ed6ar 3est 96
~ insists that the 100-kilowatt training devico poses no 27 real danger ':ut UCLA Prof. Walter Wegst disagress, saying that an explosion could cause fallout that would reach 28 the 5.200-athelete Olympic Village located on campus." (emphasis added)
1 _P_lah, in a Fay 1983 article entitled "A Terrorist's Guide 2 to the 1984 Olympics" describes a tour by a security expert of the areas 3 near the Olympic Villages (the student housing areas at UCu and USC): 4
" Paps of the campuses are readily available. When Killer 5 and I visited UCu , it was difficult for us to figure out 6 how anyone could control traffic and access to those tusy areas. ' Bere are service tunnels all over the place,'
I said Miller, ' Wey'll have to watch those. Christ, here's 8 Boelter Hall. You know what's in there?' 9
'No,' I said.
11 'A fucking nuclear reactor. It's right in the middle of M. One terrorist cell-- four men-- goes in there, sets time charges 12 in satchel bombs and booby-traps the works and.... ' 13 14 ' Holy shit,' I said. 15
' Bat's a lot of publicity, a little meltdown and fallout,'
16 he said." 17 e issue, thus, has become very widely known, due to these and other 18 g articles, and the reactor is widely reported to be a primary target during the upcoming Olympics. UCM , instead of assuring the public 20 g that adequate security precautions will be taken, continues to assert that none are required. The matter is public-- both the attractive nature of the target and the assertions by its supposed protectors that the reactor is essentially unprotected. One must presume that this state of affairs has not escaped the attention of those who might be 2a. interested in creating mischief at the Olympics. 27 28
h e threat is not fanciful. W e public identification of 1 the UCLA nuclear reactor as a prime target for sabotage must te considered 2 3 in the context of the terrorist attack on the Israeli atheletes at the Munich Olympics and also the Israeli bombing of the Iraai research reactor. 4 with vledges by Arab supporters throughout the world to retaliate in kind. 5 In the current rash of political bombings, a nuclear reactor a few hundred 6 meters away from Olympic Village and many of the televised games is a 7 8 tempting target for a wide array of violence-prone individuals or grcups. g Newsweek quotes IAFD Cmdr. Rathburn as saying, "Every conflict that exists anywhere in the world is represented on both sides somewhere in southern California." Any group, large or small, with a propensity g to violence ard a cause that it wishes to publicize may be drawn to g some terrorist act at the Olympics. Se reactor must te considered a g g likely target of such people. 15 he Reactor Facility-- and hus the Fublic-- Essentially Unprotected 17 Applicant has repeatedly conceded in this proceeding that its security plan is not designed to prevent satotage, ard is merely designed to detect attempts at unauthorized removal of the weapons- ! grade nuclear materials on site. The unprotected nature of the site
- 21 is thus a matter of public record.
Although it is C3G's position that more than just detection of thef t attempts is required, even by 10 CFR 73.67, and that UCLA couldn't l even adequately detect such an attempt, the issue of detection is essentiallf 25 meaningless when it comes to sabotage. Even assuming an alarm system which works, the sound of an explosion at the reactor would reach the campus polico station at virtually the same instant as the alarm-- which
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- would be, obviously, far too late. The whole town would knou the same l
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I 9 I moment the police do that an explosion has taken place. Furthermore, 2 a political hostage situation during which terrorists take over the reactor and threaten to blow it up and kill the hostages if their demands 3 4 are n t met (release of political prisoners, a million dollars, free 5 air time to broadcast a manifesto, or whatever) is predicated on teing 6 detected- the whole purpose of the act is for it to be known as widely 7 as possible. Iack of preventive measures is thus an invitation to tragedy. g 'Ihe specific security problems at the facility-- and they are g many and varied-- for obvious reasons should not te explicitly detailed in a publi pleading su h as this. CBG stands ready to delineate the 10 yy security weaknesses one by one in the appropriate setting (the long-g awaited evidentiary hearings), including documentary evidence as well as testimony by experts and professionals in various aspects of security g and nuclear safeguards. $ 15 16 curtailment and Off-Shipment the Cnly Effective Protection 17
'Ihe facility-- by UCLA's own admission-- is essentially 18 unprotected against radiological sabotage and has a mere thef t detection 19 program of questionable effectiveness. On the first matter the Eosrd 20 has ruled that lack of sabotage protection plan is in violation of 21 10 CFR 73 40(a). In a related motion for curtailment (December 14,1983) 22 on that matter, CEG argues that the facility must te shut down and 23 the fuel shipped offsite because the regulations prohibit possession 24 or utilization of Special Nuclear Faterials without an approved plan 25 for sabotage protection.
26 Eecause the facility is essentially unprotected, curtailment 27 and off-shipment are necessary on the independent grounds of the 98 ~ f/ Access to certain areas and documents remains to be provided to complete the reviews.
1 Olympics. No other precaution can reduce the probability of a 2 terrorist act to an acceptably low level, particularly given site 3 characteristics that should not be detailed here and the potential 4 consequences of such an act if successful, already of record. 5 Given the particular site characteristics, which make 6 norral protective measures very difficult, the only truly effective 7 measure to prevent the reactor being a target during the Olympics would be to remove its attractiveness as a target. 8 9 10 III. Conclusien 11 It is C3G's position that the reactor must be shut down t and the fuel off-site during the Olympics. iiad consideration of 13 C3G's contention not been so long delayed by summary disposition 14 and related delays, the factual resolution could have occurred in time to institute whatever protective measures the record would 16 indicate to the Board. 17 But with all these delays, the only way for the 3 card to 18 preserve its ability to rule on this pressing matter and to avoid 19 the possibility of serious, irreparable injury to the public is to 20 curtail operations now and to order that arrangements te initiated 21 now for off-shipment prior to the summer Olympics. 22 CBG requests that a Fay shipping date be set, to provide 23 some room for unforeseen delays that might extend into June; and that curtailment be instituted now. 5 A ray shipping date, now arranged, can always te later 26 cancelled if, after hearing the evidence, the Board finds it unnecessary. 27 ' 98
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6/ Shutdown shortly before or during the Olympics with fuel remaining onsite, for reasons best detailed in a less public sotting, would not resolve the problem.
] Likewise, curtailed operations can always be reinstate.t. But if 2 reversible, preparatory measures are not now taken as a precaution, 3
the Board will have lost the ability to order these protective measures 4 later, should it find that the public safety requires them. CBG continues to await the opportunity to present its 5 evidence- both documentary and expert opinion-- on the essentially 6 7 unprotected nature of the UCIA facility and on the necessity of off-shipment of fuel. CBG continues to ask that those evidentiary g hearin6s be expeditiously scheduled. However, unless the Board g takes precautionary action now to preserve its ability to rule, 10 yy any such hearing may be too late to prevent what could be a preventable atastrophe. 12 13 14 executed this twenty-seventh Respegtfullysubmitted, 15 day of December, 1993 , , 16 ' at Ben Lomond, CA Daniel Hirsch 1/ President 18 Committee to Bridge the Cap 19 20 21 22 23 24 l 25 l 26 l 27 28 i i
Attachr.ent /} auractne m the competing agen-NATIONAL AFFAIRS cies. L.nwilh.ng to cede even the international aspect of secunty without a strue,gle. Rathburn and l'N LAPD Chief Darvi Ga 7- I ~
,# J Asia, the Middle East and Eu-
-' rope m the past year to gather
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t( information on terronsts in the
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.t , hope that they can asoid being l . bullied into a minor role by the l l
' FBI and CIA. "Counterterronsm is not their exclusive turf," insists ;
m an LAPD ctficial. The White House, concerned l
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U eral un or pcs I[Eh N ty is clearly not amused b pggt3 ygg MNJS/(IS, POOLS /tfe g g g prospective turf battles. Six weeks t n the ustin T , o sul m se. -*" na firm headed by retired Army Games people play: The application for Olympic tickets had Californians waiting on line Col. Charles Beckwith, ground ' commander of the ill-fated 19S0
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- Iranian-hostage-rescuemission,toproduce MO W111 Poh*ce the Olyinpicsp . an eva1uattee ef an11terren,t piannmg thus far. NEWSWEEK has learned that in an t seems that nothing can dim America's plumage has been rudled. On the other interim report Beckwith cited the lack of IOlympic ardor. Despite reports thathand, the it's still unclear who would spring cooperation among the law-enforcement 1984 Los Angeles Games might degenerate into action if, say, a group of Third World agencies as a chief problem-and called for into a marathon tradicjam-or be obliterat- " athletes" suddenly made a suicide run on the appointment of a czar to coordinate the ed by smog-more than a million Ameri- the presidentialbox. And no one has seemed federal role in Olympic secunty. Anned cans streamed into Sears stores and selected particularly eager to choose from among with Beckwith's findings, White House aide banks last week to pick up ticket brochures. the FBI's SW AT team, the marksmen of the Michael Deaver dew to Los Angeles two The elaborate order forms they are now Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) weeks ago for an interorgamzational meet-completing read like an act of faith in the Los and the U.S Army's crack antiterrorist ing-and plans to visit Fort Bragg, N.C., to Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee squad, Delta Team-the three most likely see the Delta Team in training.
(LAOOC). Pnces for as-yet-undedned seats candidates for the job. Meanwhile, the White House has named at the more popular events such as the gym- 'Ihriats: The one thing everyone does Kenneth Hill, a veteran State Department nastics and swimming snals range from 540 seem to agree on is that whichever emerges security officer, to serve as liaison between to $95, and a pass to all 26 boxmg sessions as the ultimate authority will need all the the LAOOC and the Reagan administra-costs $2,200-providing you are lucky help it can get. "Every condict that exists tion. But for all the apparent confusion, no enough to be selected at random by the anywhere in the world is represented on one in Washmgton or Los Angeles seems computer that decides who gets into which both sides somewhere in southern Califor- ready to pame "Secunty will be there and sellouts. G ET A LOAN, GO TO G AM Es, the Los nia," says LAPD Cmdr. William Rathburn. will be Sery surficient." says Rathburn. [ Angeles Times snidely suggested. But the In that volatile climate, anti-Amencan vio- "There is a very high possibility of some-I sad tnith is that otficials will need all of the lence perpetrated by a group such as the thing hsppening, but my gut feeling at this l 590 million to S140 million they expect to Puerto Rican FALN is just one of many time is that we will not have a major terror-generate from ticket revenues to ensure that possible threats. Of equal concern to au- ist incident." the Olympics are not disrupted by terrorists. thonties are extremists linked to the Arab Judging by the way they are queuing up In a real sense, the main event at next sum- world, the Irish Republican Army, Arme- for ticket order forms. Amencans seem to mer's Games will be a two-week-long exer- ma. China and the Philippines sharethatoptimisticview. And ciseinsynchronized policing. who might be eager to settle Beckwith: Concerned despite the long waits and a shocking prices, the atmos-Or at least the hope is that the 60-odd politicalgrudge matchesbefore federal state and local agencies charged an international TV audience phere at most outlets was any-with handling Olympic secunty will be- estimated at 2.5 billion. Q,ne n thing but gnm. "It's the hottest come synchronized by the time the dame is obvious target for terronsts is ticket in town," beamed Cali-kindled in the Los Angeles Memorial Coli- the small nuclear reactor at " fornian Craig Furniss after seum on July 28.1984. Rather than face the UCLA. LAOOC secunty di- ' Omar 1d4 ," picking up his brochure. At a delicate question of just who is in charge rector Edgar dest msats (nat bank in Los Angeles, one cus-
,M- tomer got around the one-or-right now, the vanous authorities have opt- the 100-kilowatt trmnmg de-ed for a byzantine method of coexistence in vice poses no real danger but
'er-blank per-household rule which an Olympics Law Enforcement Co- CCLA Prof. Walter Wegst dis- by repeatedly going outside
( to slip into different dis-ordinating Committee oversees a Secunty agrees,saymg that an explosion Planning Committee that incorporates an co.uld_ca_u_se fallout that would- guises. Given such old-fash- , Integrated Planning G roup consisting of 16 ccachh5,200-athlete Olym- toned Amencan ingenuity, the ! subcommittees. The endless meetings de- pig V.illagelocated en campus. LAOOC may yet produce an nving from this makeshift bureaucracy The challenge inherent iri event worthy of Amenca's ) Olympian expectations. t have made it possible for everyone from FBI policmg an Olympics that will - operatives to the chief of campus police at be spread over 23 " venues" as R E the University of Southern California to far as 200 miles apart only $^gR R a JANET Ht;CK m Las Angeles voice an opinion, and as yet very little serves to make the job more I 3 NEWSWEEKdCNE M.190 i
W b kg p, I g y " Attachnent S S~ g a y presence that caused the anxiety. What electrified the place was the uncertainty. l 3 Sy g Would it be the man entedng the elevator { carrying flowers? Would it be the unoccu-
- III gg Tg Pi ed <>xic>b P t'ed by the side er the building? It might be a gun, a rocket, a
, poisoned apple or the Armenian double.
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j98 hw a au CS bomb trick, in which the first bomb goes off, a crowd gathers to see what has hap-
' pened, and then the second bomb goes off.
Terrodsm: Guess. Guess again. . Just one month earlier, Gemayel's brother, Bashir-himself the newly elected a president of Lebanon-had been killed E p when a 400-pound bomb destroyed the I [/ ',,+,, [ Christian Phalangist headquarters in east Beirut. When Amin Gemasel left the ! 39 Madison Hotel after a two-day visit, ' ggs. # ~ ne c uld see the reliefin the faces of the j 8g uv ifrenorists have plans to make103 angeles anothn doormen, the concierge and the assistant managers: The place had not been blown W - uP. No one had even phoned in a bomb munich, the only way to threat. Gemayel was now somecne else's outmaneuver them is to see the pwt,,em, 4 We hear about terrorism almost daily, article By JelHES R WOHL games through their eyes yet few of us have a precise notion of what it is. Fewer yet could say what sort of While the 1984 Olympic Games are crasies of individual law-enforcement people we would :ind behind the ski being touted as Disneyland with sweat bureaucracies have crippled police masks. The experts aren't really sure of by the public-relations staff at the Los work many times in the past. Those what most terrorists want. They haven't Angeles Olympic Organizing Commit- problems could be especially trouble- even been able to agree on a dehnition of tee, it is a safe bet that plans to shatter some at the Olympics, where neither that showcase of democracy have Best's council nor the LA.P.D. has the terrorism. But however we choose to defme ir, terrorism has become a fact of already been set in motion. The world legal means to force meetings and coop. life. Between 1970 and 1980, according to a has come to expect the death ofinno- eration with autonomous local agen-1981 conference at Los Alamos Nation i cents in the pursuit of the principal cies-much less with the FBI, the CIA Laboratories, nearly three terrons opera-or the Secret Service. " Autonomy i, a terrorist goal: publicity. Given the com-plexities of guarding the 1984 summer major problem," a source in the tons per day were reported world-wide. The total number of peopic killed by ter-games, those plans have an awesome L.A.P.D. told me. "If we can't force rorism in that ten-year period has been Co0Peration, how are we going to guard ' chance of success. estimated at around 10,000. The cost in Snunty for the games is the respon. Marcos or Castro or Mitterrand or property destroyed was about $200,0fo sibility of an umbre!!a group called the Reagan?, Cooperation aside, Best doesn,i per day. At least $150,000,000 in reported Olympic Law Enforcement Coordinat- share the feeling-expressed by some kidnaping ransom was collected by terror-ing Council. The organizing committee front-line c ps-that foreign battles ists between January 1,1971, and late is represented on the council by Edgar wW be fought in Los Angeles bv tern r- 1982. The security necessitated by terrur- - Best, a talented, tough ex-special agent ists seekmg publicity. It is his opinion ism costs billions. But terronsm is not only in charge of the Los Angeles otfice of that the Mumch massacre of Israch a major economic influence in the wodd the Fnleral Bureau of Investigation today, it's a psychological and a politic.i who has been meeting for nearly two discredit'W" C#"'.ed similar aterrorist backlashactionthat would now, one as well. j years with local, state and Federal law- lack September no longn exists it has permar,ent!> abend Western enforcement agencies, as well as with because of that,, he said. Europe, Japan, South America, Central gwlitical figures-including the Presi- m at tne A , the spokn- America, the Middle East, Atirica-most dent of the United States. But the hys-
- f the world, in other words. And now.
tics are tremendously complex. At the cu t for t e lice de t nen Montreal games, only hve agencies Commander Bill Rathburn, whose M?me exPens say, the M may be the w big target. needed coordination; in Moscow, only background in antite:Torist work is nil.
- two. For the 1984 Olympics, Best and He isn't sure what qualified him for the l Dne are peoryle paid to worry about other top personnel are attempting job of Olympics planning. He h sure, just that possibihty, and in the Interna-the task of coordmating 60 law- however, that no one can guarantee a ti nal Club of Washington, where some of ,
enforcement agencies. Sources within safe Olympics. He, too, attempts to them gather to eat lunch, the tension is the Los Angeles Police Department in- downplay the coonhnation problems. sometimes as thick as the cigarette smoke. dicate that the task is overwhelming. "I was original!v uncomfortable with
- The Law Enfcrcement Coordinating the lack of legislative direction to Georgetown Universitv's Center for Strategic and International Studies Council has set up 27 subcommittees in coordinate securits." he said. "Manv (C.S.I.S.) is located in the sa ne bui! ding.
chante of intelligence, transportation, people in responsible positions wer;. C.S.LS. is a pnvate think tank. and a lot of SWAT, air support, communications, and still are. But I feel now that the rec. the thinking that goes on there these days trailic, crowd control and the like. ognition of local autonomy is the cor.' concerns terrorism. Although Best downplays the dangers nerstone of our etfort." I sat in the club one day last summer of internal dissension, it is a fact that The good news is that there h a iistening 'o two of the world's top nperts riutrics, jealousies and the idiosyn- reputabic (contintud on pne 182) on terronsm, Yacov Heichal, thrmer head 90 l l l
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>.' Los Angeles and the Umversity of South- !
o K@HU@Hu@w aLH w M UI w@asf.~ntumed/mm pw so! ern U dilbrnb wdl house the najority of o the athletes. Neser have the ours been )
.hed,&d o such geograph,, d a m m as %1
>. ....I,he L7 S. is a paradise fo.r t/m temmst. A.veryone
,he i9ea venue,, ,he oiympics we, i fe,
- wants to help here and usually does."'
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'hebeyond out v'4""""'he ' e"u"ofc the boundaries :he'P'e'd County of Los Angeles, which itself covers an . <
antiterrorist expert working for the make security especially tough. I wanted ana f more than 4000 square miles. L.A.P.D. lie is Commander George Afor- to find out how the other side nught be Newr has so much space been allocated A rison, and mv source indicated that he is viewing thmgs, so I got together with f r media representatives: The cotire I.os called in to advise law-enforcement agen- someone who knows the terrorist mind Angeles Conven ion Cen ter -334.000 cies all oser the country. Rathburn and method firsthand. square feet of floor area ~has been leased. wouldn't let me talk with him, however. It "You look like shit," I toldJohn Afiller And never has the President of the United States otliciated at the opening cere-g seems that Aforrison has drawn depart-mental rebukes for his outspoken dealings when I picked him up at Los Angeles In. monies. with the press-for telling it like it is, in ternational Airport. Afiller is a brawling "To compound the problems, you're other words. Professional soldier who trained with the also dealing with a nation of nicc guys," As for the FBI, it has generally main- SPecial Air Sersice in Great Britain. He Niiller said as we sat down to dinner at a tained a low-profile, no-comment posture was undercover in Belfast against the Irish restaurant on Sunset 5 trip. 'The U.S. is a on its Olyinpics planning. Director Wil. Republican Army. He kidnaped the Great paradise for the terrorist. Everyone wants e liam Webster has indicated, however, that Train Robbery fugitive, Ronnie Biggs, to help here and usually does. Especially the bureau expects to take a leading role in from Brazil. The international press keeps to help people with a foreign accent. You the esent of a terronst raid. Its response an eye on this archetypal rogue, who's al- can't even look over a fence in Russia. force will incinde its own SWAT team, as ways m transit and trouble. He had just Also, the U.S. is an open target because .g well as the Delta " Blue Light" Team, the g tten back from a foray into Angola. A it's the only country in the world w here ev. United States' answer to the British anti- discolored n,ght cheek added authenncity. ery piece of necessary military equipment terrorist Special Air Service and the West "I g t hit mth a nfle butt,' he said. is sold right in the open or nrar!y so. Give o German G.S G.9. e were me nn itering--looking for an me a few hours and I'!! get you an antitank hources in the L.A.P.D. bridled at the PPMtunity to take some Bn,nsh and cannon with live shells for your front yard. suggestion that the plans that have been
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#*" ** $ #"'" **. ut f rison P down "They'll send in a four-man cell to there. Three big guys jumped up. h,e put reconnoiter," he continued. 'They J dig
- developed Imally mer the past two scars #* " " ' "
will be pre-empted by the bureau. Alcan-
- S",n5 htuPid. Alv away and gather information.'
whde, the Flil's press-relations agent tohl thumb at my back.ere- m ate F 5 un c He Po 5 "Hw hard is it to get that kind of [Had toleave im wit % @h me, ,,i,ou,re on the u.g ht track trymg t" some friends. He was coughing up blood. information?" I asked pin down just who has the responsibility." Nided the lung, I think."
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T* Thrn he added, "Lotsa im k." We started to fill each other in on Ohm- # ".eu as we went to the Olympic
""'#"S ' " * " ## l'"irters at llut even with Alortison's expertise, pics logistics. In 1932, Los Angeles was'the the UCLA campus. I told someone in the even with the FBI and the Blue Light first Olympics city to build housing facili-Team, this looks like a bad time to be hoid- ties specifically for the games. In modern press wmg that I was writing something.
ing an Olympics in the U.S., much less in times, it will be the first not to build new Ten minutes later, I had maps, whedules I.os Angeles, where tar-flung facilities facilities. The University of California at and information about the venues, as well *- as detaded geographic and demographic information about the city of Los Angeles. I didn't show any LD. until later, when I inttrviewed Best. He was the only careful s
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- Un the way out, Afiller Idted an official
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e -- w." if s ( orgaranngsommittee secunty badge. He just took the badge from a visitor's clothes. l I 'A ticket." he said.
"And if you umid do it I started l
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"No one can guarantee public safety at L p l
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world. The 5m iets would also like to teach has, after all. moved into the political what I was writing about. "I'd like o keep ( the U.S. a lesson forJimmy Carter's deci- arena. I'dgar Best thinks that it'll be a tid on this whole thing," he said. "You're i sinn to trash ihe summer games in 1980. calm here. like Moscow. N!ontreal and playing with dynamite / p It's the only answer to Nioscow's broken Lake Placid? Maps of the campuses are readdy avail- , l window on commumsm. What can L..\. "May be," he said. "But these people abic. When Miller and I sisited I:CL\,it I do to protect itsch? It can't adequately are terrorists. That's their business. That's was ddfie uit Ihr us to figure out how any-protet its ordinars citizens trom domestic how they hse. They all work together.Just one could control trallic and acces.i to prrda tor s.' because the pmvisional wing of the I.R..\. those busy areas. "There are sersice tun- I t I br iitv has I,las k and Latin gangs that gets some parliamentary represen ta tion neb all over the plat e," said Miller, l (an't be controlled, plus ihe cops are goin 4 doesn't mean that it won't be our killing "They'll hase to watch those. Christ, 'l
- I to havr their hands hdi with more ordi- horse 3 and kids and heroes, like Mount- here's Boeiter ifall. You know what's in f
nary home-grown cons and creeps. Esery batten. Terrorists' egos are tied to destrur- there?" pimp. whorr, griher, dritier. pii kporket, tion, and their employment depends on "No," I said. -I con man, crackpot, flimitam man, swin- death. .\ tucking nu(Irar reactor. It's right in f dier. diddler and panhandler within 300 "You retire them like this." lie pointed the middle of L.\. One terrorist c-II-:our Y' nules will be in LA., moving in for the kill. a fmger at my temple. "You take them and men-gon in there, sets time i haren in /\ And then you get to the sisitors. Anti- kill them as quick as you can They satt hel bombs and booby-traps the works nuke, antiwar, anti-abortion a(nvists: nen- don't sit around rocking at some old to;ki and. l Nazis; Ku Klux Klann rs; the Jrwish home; they base to tutking die. It's hke "floly shit," I said. I)rfense I.rague: tcIlow -traveler U.S. getting firedJ "That's a lot of publicity, a little melt- ,. t it vens f rom .311 i num ries: Solidarits x in- We sisited the two pnncipal 013mpic dowti and fallout " he said. 'The athletes f ists. the Wrat her Underground; til a k Vdlagn-ihe student housing areas at the are going to have exposure gomq to and # - I..beraiion Army; and uncounted splimer huge USC and UCL\ campuses. h hiie coming trom those widespread venues. No f ot gani/aiions- thrv'll all he mming in Ihr the facilines weren't built for security. 013mpics parncipants have ner had to be g a shot at the gold: headlines. Commander Rathburn sani that they trucked so thr. It's a mghtmare .o contro',
' Wha: about ihr h,u kleh atier woi.ld be secured and the athletes would and there wdl be many targets of oppor-
, M umi h '" I eked M iler. ' 151ai k 5cptem. be comple:ely isolated. When I m, niioned t u ru t y." i 84 b i' """ ""ni i hr srrne. .unt un PD 1 Mutarh. he had no romment. Ile knew The wri ht-littin; nrnis wil: br brhl at I
J h D5 1.m oti A1..n moun t U nis ersity. We thes could drop a hunth of u.rendiarv de- one on thost trucks wth rxphosis es and O walked thiough the gy mnasium. 'Thi vires in the hills and linests. t hes m uid hat's a iot . .f'nru That's l.R..L-sts le r nif. Israelis wdl be a number-one tart;et." Atil- burn Southern California md dntrau an .\nd, probabiy. this facdity is not gomg to O ler 3.nd. " Weight lifting is one of their entire raft of palice and tiremen but : hat's get mut h protection. I hc se< u;its people fh i D' sports. It could happen here. A (ell could not likely. No,it would be riskmg bodies to are going u. have to watch esen thing." it take mer or rent one of the little private take luiin? At the forum. the basketba!! venue, we a houvs on tue road in here and use a cou- The Los .\ngeles Con rnnon Cen:cr ascet t.f ~d that security would be pro-ple ot hand.laucched wur-guided missiles. will hold news representanves from all vided mosth hs the guards used tbr nor-The bus comes by and-zap l-easy over the world. \ gain, we had no trouble mal activuies "Tho+ guy s are Oi{ lbr escape. I,.A. has a lot of roads." gaining a< ress through a back door. Part of a wdies and drunks," MilFr said. 'A lot "What almut disersionarv tactics.'" I the eight-acre ficility was being used for of them are otf-duty cops, and they . an - as k, best treth. But against irained terconsts. an exotic-plant-growers convention. "I his "Thefre not going to waste bodict with iould be a real problem," said Miller. He > " need pros. ,I hat s a problem. grandstandmg... he said. ..They,11 pick one showed me where city garbage trucks h.e mited most of the other senues. L.ven to an untrained ese, :he opportuni- P-prime targrt and a secondary one. Sure. drn e right up on the mam fhnr. I.oad ties for a creative scenano for death . loomed ricar. from smping at the yat unng
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THE NEW YORK TISfES, SATURDAY, JULY 30, 1983 Attachnent G Olympics Terror Colors am W ~?' wwq q eqL m /F Wo U.C.L.A. Reactor Fight t t ~3MHe 1
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f _ff Ry JUDIT11 CUMMINGS - p#
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- 3 sp.m mno ve n 8W 1 LOS ANGEL.ES, July 29 - On any the nuclear commissbm, said the $f ? %
N4 school day 50,000 pmple are studying or agency had no knowledge of any safety- N % , 1 working at the sunny, palm 41otted cam. related incidents at any of them.
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pus of the University of California at Nevertheless, the opponents scored b C.;gi
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y , , Im Angeles. Ilundreds of tfwmsands an important victory last February % '$1 . more live near the campm in neighbor- when the licensing board stated: C. i; o ! hrnts of upper middle class apart. "II.C.L. A. and staff maintain that $@4#'^ P3 :
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JI0 h p" ( I ment s and lunnes U.C.L.A.'s Argonaut University Train- # g* $ < ; For more t han t wo decades these pen ing Reactor is an inherently safe ma-pie have wor ked or lived near a nuclear china. We find that this conclusion is
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,pt t That reactor is now the focus of an anti. Officials at the university maintain -- (
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- jo ;g nuclear pmtest that has suddenly be. the reactor's design makes it "a physi- 4'-
p. come more inteme and more succegsful calimpmibility" for a serlma accident e
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j-than in the past or dangerms radiation release to occur 1he nuclear opp nents, led by an en- under normal operating corw11tions.
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vironmentalist group called the Com- [ Q*
. Power of lM italr Dryers' j '
mittee to Drldge the Gap, want the g ,. rearfor shut down. they say it is a pos_ Tom Tugend, a spokesman for the , said the research reactor s.] [ sible safety harard in a densely popu- ,
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q h i element of concern, they add that it is only 100 kilowatts. "We compare it to :*
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'h presumably a tempting target for the mulvalent power consumed by 100
[ r , pntenttal ter mrist satotage during next home hair dryers," he said. Nuclear
; *q g 1 summer's Olympic Ga mes power reactms ennate W times s
/ '
7 t po*M, he sal . j i U.C.I.. A. Is to be the site of one of the l Olympic Villages where athletes com- Opponents reject such reastming. I peting in the Games will stay. The vil. "U.C.L.A. says it s tiny compared to t l lage will ha alumt a mile from the cam- p wer reactors, but we say it's at least I pm building that homes the reactor. In as dangemus because it lacks the safety .- ) the aftermath of the 1972 Olympics in katures of a power reactor," said u-w.a er
- Munich, where 11 Israeli athletes were Steven Aftergood, an engineer who ls an Nuclear research reactor at the Univeralty of California at tas Angeles. Foes of nuclear power challenge its safety.
] killn1 in a terrorist attack, security official of the Committee to Bridge the planning is of ma jor concern here' Gap. The organization was foimded in ' o 1970, and many of its members are for. pamds of dynamite, this is what they're reactor poses unacceptable hazards. A Columbia spokesman, Judith Lind ReHeeming Is opposd among them a threat that an unantici- sey, said the university had no plam td l mer U.C.L. A. students who have contin _ debating at the hearing." 1ha envimnmentallst gnmp is oppos- ued their campus activism. Safety Precautlom Deecribed pated swge of power crndd balloon ex- change the reactor's dormant Ststus. l ing II.C.I AJs application to the Nu- The licensing board, in an unusual ponentially before safety mechanisms lhe dispute at U C.L.A. Is the firs clear Regulatory Commission for a re- statement in its March 19R3 order call- I e acknowledged that the reactor in-could intervene to shut down the reac- contested relicensing of any reactor i newed 20 year liceme to operate the Ing for the hearings, noted the high chaled no buffer or containment build. tor. power or research. Earfler protest reactor. A panel of the regulatory com- population density, the lack of a butfer ing, but he said it was encased in more Standoff at Colu.nbla University have been over initial licensing applic mksion, the Atomic Safety and Licens- rone between the reactor and the popu- than seven feet of concrete in three ti ms. twal antinuclear forces say t Ing floard, started public hearings on lation, and the lack of a containment separate walls, which created mor' than adquate pmtection. A similar standoff pitting the re- fact that the fight over the U.C.L.A
- the application last week. The hearings structure. Under such conditions, the search needs of a major university reactor has advanced this far is evd are expected to continue thrnugh Octo- panel said, "the Ima rd expects U.C.L. A. The reactor produces a radioactive against thme of a dense urban popula- der,ce of increased skepticism over t i ber.1he teard's decision can he ap- to show that the reactor is not only safe, gas, argon 41, that university officials tion was seen at Columbia Uruversity, safety of nuclear energy operatiorn
] pealn!, pmlng the pmibility of a long but safe by a wide margin." say becomes harmless after 14 hours. where pmtests in the days after the 1978 and a sign of gmwing vigor in the ants wait before t he question is resolved. University of ficials concede they can. Nuclear oppments contend some of the nuclear accident at pennsylvania's maclear movement. jl There are 70 research reactors not rule out a radiation hazard under radiation wmdd reach the popdation Three Mile Island power plant pre- ) Even the Nuclear Regulatory Com throughout the cotmtry operating in ca- catastrophic cormlittrms, such as an act before the radioactive particles de vented the activation of a reactor on the mission might rmt argue with such f pacities simliar to the one here, Imt of termrist satotage, cayed. Morningside liefghts campus. As a re- conclusion. "We relicemed the re l U C L A.'s Argonaut-type reactor, ini- "I don't know the answer," Mr. Tu- The opponents have lined up expert sult, Columbia's I riga Mark Il reactor, search reactor at Iterkeley a few year-tially licensed in 1900, is one of the gend said. "If somehmly dmps a bomb testimony to comend that even under which was completed in 19M and ago without a peep," Mr. Ilanchett salf
; oHer. J!m llanchett, a spokesman for on the building or explodes a thratsand normal, noncatastrophic conditions the licemed in 1977, has never been fueled. "Derkeley, of all places '
_ _ _ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____________1
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICENSING BCARD In the Matter of }
) Docket No. 50-142 THE RECENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA (Proposed Renewal of Facility License)
(UCLAResearchReactor) ) DECIARATION OF SERVICE I hereby declare that copies of the attached: MOTION FCR CURTAIIENT OF ACTIVITIES (II): The 1984 Olympics in the above-captioned proceeding have been served on the following by deposit in the United States mail,December as indicated, on this date: first class,83 27, 19postage prepaid, addressed John H. Frye, III, Chairman Christine Helwick Atomic Safety & Licensing Board Glenn R. Woods U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of General Counsel 390 University Hall - Dr. Emmeth A. Imebke 2200 University Avenue Administrative Judge Berkeley, CA 94720 Atomic Safety & Licensing Board . U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Mr. John Bay Washington, D.C. 20555 3755 Divisadero #203 San Francisco, CA 94123 Glenn O. Bright Ad2inistrative Judge Isynn Naliboff Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Deputy City Attorney U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission City Hall Washington, D.C. 20555 1685 Main Street Chief, Docketing and Service Section Office of the Secretary Dorothy Tho:::pson U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nuclear Law Center Washington, D.C. 20555 6300 Filshire Blvd., #1200 Counsel for NRC Staff U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555 attention s Ms. Colleen Woodhead William H. Cormier Office of Administzative Vice Chancellor University of California 405 Hilgard Avenue [g[* Los Angeles, California 90024 S[ , President COMMITTEE TO BRIDGE THE CAP
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