ML20076G899

Comments on Des for Facility.Area Involved in Approx Four Miles of New Transmission Line right-of-way to Be Identified.Aec Responses to Comments Encl

ML20076G899
Person / Time
Site:	Dresden
Issue date:	10/18/1973
From:	INTERIOR, DEPT. OF
To:	Muller D US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC)
Shared Package
ML20076G901	List: ML20076G899
References
ER-73-868, NUDOCS 8309010183
Download: ML20076G899 (26)

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1. ".' ' U~# e ". e C' " '- ' a ':'e"-

n4.4 C.. c. w.. r_.. u. :. -

u. : c-u-c,- -, "

.u h - c. ^ 3 y ational solic wastes. have been ciscussec cn pages G-2 thrcugh 3 '- .. pa w .c em.' WN

s. c;-ae

$ pry W m s e u: e.r',I 'm 4.: W'% 's a C

t. [M Y.

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3: ,.:c. : - - _ - m m, --_ - = n s x r, -

n c -__

> - w. - u., .,. c : r. 4,,.. ~. C-65 C G-1 of the AIC dccument "Envir;. n al Survey cf the Nuclear n

uel cyc. e.

..e do not consider :..e genera,.1:ec descriptiens in that document of the managemen anc disposal cf these wastes as being adecuate to cover the concerns expressed above because the descriptions on pages G-2 through 2-9 and G-12 through G-lu are no: specific to a particular site or to the particular wastes being disposed there. Similarly, the environmental considerations on pages G-16 through G-21 are not specific to a particular site or to particular wastes. Ch en...t n., c.. s.

: o n.; d e

_.c.:1 u e. e

_-c. ln view cf the recognized detrimental environmental impacts of chlorine en t.ne aquatic env ren?.ents, t.ne use c: this element should be minimiced. We succest that considerable care be given to reducing the use cf chlorine and specifically chlorine concentrations in the p, ant e : I., u e nt. Ecological Effects This section should indicate that 1,573 acres cf agricultural .. a. ...w 4 n w. -....<,.,,e,..

e.,., y,.. a..., 4, a,.4 : e S.. c. e s,e

,.-..Jc..e; _j ..u 7 c e-nt..c.w? .a..., e. c.,, e g c96 ~ubc-y - b. g.,. ~. ; ~ : : a. m; . ;-1 c v.---_-. e c .es c.. .m a . n.4 q w w:.=. w e w _. ...-.. r. e.. _nc. t.c-. e. .,s e. .n. ..y c. s C.. i . u .-n.e e ?

e. n.

_.. n. v... =...a n. cyn_n_c%1c .c ye, ~ b. e m. e -. c s -v -~ e - c. e. c. s .:_-*". _ _ u e

.m

.~,v u u.u;-: . = =. e. G... _ c _ c... V ....e C..n n..=.~..._n..c. y.-.,6.-__.... . u. e..u. .e .= ev.e. ~. v.. e.-,.~.~.1-v.a. n a _:.:-- .c

n. e.

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c.: s ns.._:. g-s;- -n v. u -.3 c..a.e n c9.5 - n: ~ e.n. g c.: ~. c. e.c. s w n y n n..... _.. a.e :..... u. a. - e. n ---....e w i e u. s n.. c,. 3 :. r e... d...t.. 1 e.: r n e e......-.. r n,, _ - - o.e : en m..a nal A: u- .. c _ v w -y _3 c..- .e. a.. r e ...2, _4n c' J y1d. e. 7, ce 4. n o..s.en c. : C '. C c'" s e e gC ee..4 .g-u .e w. o ... ~. y v.a. __.e>.. c..?. .. _.' e n _: : s

v. e.c cu pc e e.

a .c o. n. C e. e g c. - = g-. -. e e g... o m. -n u ov y Therefore, we suggest tha~ the Cu ulative effec's frCO all e o,.. e e.> c.... n. "_ d _4 e cc' w_i*h. **ccc. .#. c.. ".. _# e 'c... sh. ould .. e o f. te discussed in this section. l r l We believe that this section should also acknowledge the impli cation of the Federal Water Pollutien Control Act as amended -_c ..n. ".:., _ n. . w.. t. 1-- ...e ..u c. _. ~. w.. o. . _.-.u,3--_ e,.:..:.a. e. u..e u.; ~- v..c.. e n.o p m..t.,.c. o a ....o =._gc.,_e w..e,.e. n u 3 v b y., c. c c n .-c The references on pages 5-8 and 5-3-7 to tables 2.8 and 2.5, respectively, should apparently be changed to tables 2.3 and 2.6. l l ,...,J.?-

- -. _,. = - - - -. ~a > s, : 6

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_o c *. v. -.. .. y. __ be mentienec s.nce nese per'..ccs c. ten co.ncice w:.:n pea.r; ..w q-m.etabolic activity fcr T.ost . acuatic crganisms. Removal of b1cmass :rcr :ne system curing cr'. 1 cal environmental periods t

W could control the magnitude of downstream fish resources cr

( subject these populations to unacceptable stresses. g b.- n v ~e ... t .. '.v, e.

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u r. y -3 g G, pg u _. e. : :. e.. 7 n ..4'..;c. (1 )... ec_e.;- t... L.., e d e. C. _ c e..- e. n. n .e m. . t .: ~. % G&y

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'r--- -1CCc.1 - vc C..c.. r e. o ~ u.. e e 1 e, 4+u,+..Cne. ( 2 ) .e.. g n.4.c.4C c-.. 46 .w m %g 3 4, benefits to the small segment of the ccmmunity involved in a %g. use c:- :ne water. . g , % m.~ Mn o c.~ e C.t -. nne, n=nc-a u.. e,. e e. c .v.. e c-E.:c;pe.e .g 1 ~. y ...ym .. g-rq 7 r-C.Je..,-ee; c- .c. : : ..k. e ' e " : ". ~.~.. e."e *. C.# *'e T.". e "..# ^ " ' c

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- r . a _..i_.. c...._. c '. "..: 'n. . j e. c c n :- c.g- = v-b.1 g... c n } $g, 1 1 c. : '/ -.u ? : c? l 7 --e s fer the c h " s '..ca; rencva, c:, ac.uatic weecs anc :ne use c:- J, l .u..-.e, :.. _n..... c e de vere m. m. e g n o c-e-d.;gnuce: .e- .. e. b. c ; e v ,ec. + .. c c w+ s.- 4 r;e ..m. .u.e .Z n v. G_gGb* .v. .

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c.... :..... g... :

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n. '. d # s e c ' V a. d C y.,' 3. #.

-e m.. -a. . 2 For exan;1e, supersaturatiCn C' nitrCgen gas in water has produ'ed fish kills at several steam-electric pCwerplants. C The potential for the dispersal of viable fecal organisms in 4e. e - s- *.. ' e d - 'yage as a.eeu'. o.'..h.e sy av eve a.- c e. o.e n, e. .. er

-A J.e c1en

-.~ Cc.e> .u.c.. b c. -. s ; a1- .t

4 1

C.,.. s .a..ne .w v u... e p,. a,. C c-.c -.e e..eee; s e c-. e e. a n C a-m. w., ne c-.1: ~ e e n.

b. : n ~. c. r.e 4.

w o y,.-wc... y w cry. - :c.e. cg.in. We eu33ge.. ya c.. .. g c.um. e g p... : g k. ggn9; C C *1 *6 "o. .vy... .a n- .c r e s u l t in .,-..i = 5. C" ' d k e # ' e... # ".# a. d c-..'- 'h'e. ".vb'a- . 'n a. o. a... 4 = '-- 4...,.=.. e - ^ y e rCn 1:p ementa :Cn C., These CCntrols on.,..isn anC wildlife resources should be described. .. a..e..:.e e : ,: e -.:.eC s n-o The fCurth paragraph Cn page 5-35 should be updated by CeletinE one.... C c.. : O n $.. c.. . h e.,,

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n.

.u..= -.,n :. u :.g; v 7 the use Cf 2,4,5-T Cn lands under its Control and has also -. w...:u: ea ny .z.., .e : n n a. n e. / v.

u. ;.

-os..ee -u c n.. -. g c,.. - y 7 -s y s .t.1. u..w.. u. . u.. g enn..-...--G-

n. g.e. Je e n.. e...:. ~.. e e.. n. e.e

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p.

.- ~ - u .n+ . y caC Cgen :- e .y.e -...yc-. $, a. e..n.ee. ..c. .-gg .i.. . 2 an. o:. heavy meta,s wn:Cn w,, be C sCnarge by t,ne p, ant. NCnradiolo-iCal Studies r l . u.. c. --e.- s v.o.y.:...c ,ge: ,. m a.:n..1 1,.

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y *rearpg g g-~;-{-----~-T-y q.7, ty-3.,fg^a i..w ' __ m /r ' .u A =- n.-- t. I C. .r. -.. : e,. -.. -.:.: e. -..e . n..: ;. e.... e. n _o. "A.u. s e e e. n...:. n - nn..: -e z =..;. e, g . c. e..c. n g c. ~. n... C.: ?, v. nv. -, a c ~..e _ e e... ~ ~. :.,.~..n... ..y c. : ; e .e ~.u.e. n,.. u.. C - =.e.e c. C., c, u., C.n.. e. 4 e u .u .. w =..C..' V e. 3 - u.. n. e.V.:.e. n.... e.. c 1 c.. a. C .e C.:

m. a n e..; e e :

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/.- cn;- -.~4.n..ns 3 / .eci-. ,. y..e hr.n,c8ree J -a ,e, e c. S e S C c K s an, 1-inCis.sivers and s.nou1C be evaluated. l We also think that Class 9 accidents resulting in bCth air a.A ..-.e. - e, e c.c o..e enCnnC y, C g e., c..; %. e o c.> -n a. sc w. s -... an+s On y ww _; - u.. e.

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. :c;rv and : enc 1usiens ..i 11.I'.1 Cc=ent: .ar

• C l

'.ie sugges: that the area cf land purchased for the cperation of . '.) ' h. l Dresden 1 be indicated en page i in addi: ion to the approxi a:elv 1,572 acres purchased for the cperatien of Units 2 and 3. k'e al'so h t suggest that the area involved in the approximately four miles of .;.h

~

new transmission line rights-of-way be identified. S.

M Restense:

The land originally occupied by Unit 1 is approxicately i 953 acres (see Section 4.1). The 4 miles of new transmission line ' E, right-cf-way occupies a total cf 93 acres with only 0.6 acres (tower . !L, l bases) unavailable f or its criginal use. This is now indicated on !@) g page 1. nk I , iq ( ' %g ' h 11.10.2 Comment: M. a ?* I Acccrding to Condition a. te the operating license, Units 2 and 3 vill il 4 e be allowec to cperate en a ence-through condenser cooling basis in " unusual circunstances." k'e suggest that " unusual circumstances" be 4 .c.inec :c :he extent pc s s ib le. The potential adverse impacts relating

c :hese enceptiens should be described in the appropriate sections i

~ ", I of the s:sterent. .ik Festense: This is discussec in the respense to comment ll.S.4. The t-

P9

v:es cf eccurances that night prevent closed-cycle operatien are:

f d'i. c fa. lure, failure cf the flev regulating staticn, spray canal ~

r..;re, anc failure cf the HF ras line vithin the lake perimeter.

l ) A1:.cug.. these events =23 cccur, as evidenced by the recent dike 1

a;.ure a: Dresden, they are net likely to occur frequenti) and many vears would likely elapse between events.

Infrequent, sher: ter: ew i c e:stier in the cren-cycle rede is not expected to have a significant l adccrse effect on the Illinois River. The Cc=ission eill weigh the expe cted environmental har for the given ccnditions against the need 1 l f cr power in deciding whether to pertit open-cycle operation. f6 bd l,ip ...u @m 11.10.3 Cc= cent: U' Ccndition e. to the ope:ating license recuires the applicant to are acceptable implemen t Environmental Technical Specifications that

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u. n y. --...w... a :.n:.,

y,. . v ., e... .._a ......... e t,...s..u.o., c. :.. . a t r e. i 3 r c. c. 7.. ~ _.....m. ..,. g e,, .: e .%.. c. m e..;...... c m. ....r.. .s. .,, _.....w,_,.:.. :.. _,,...y. ...,...m...s. .... ~ ,.c.er. 4e.. .,e.g,. .es.... s...

r. _. s. e s..

_.. a., c o t..., i - ct

...... _e 2

ca.. 4.ng precedure. .. 2 ..v. .u r. 4 c_..: :...... u g. 1,..,. u..., ..y.. ... u,,,, , 4,..g c 4,,,,., y ...,,....c .._,., p. .. a.c

a.. e c.,

..c m.. . a.. 2, 7.. envircn v.tal cualit. nne r.ust be described in the environmental u.a e..c.... Rez ense: -ne Staff a;rees t at re.jor prcgrats fr r environnental h protection shoulo..ce 1 cent 1riec. tor Inc.usion in the..r.nvironme n ta.l Technical Specifications. In preparing the final stater.ent, the l Su r ary and Conclusic'-s has been expanded. The important creas identifiec durine the Staf f environnental review are included with l crossre:erencing tc. One ciscussion in the. text. 11.10.4. Cc ment: I i I liistorical Sienificance i ...s e recuest that particular cautien be taken durine picnt operation to ,i insure de integrity of the 1513-acre ",cese Laka >rairie Nature

re se rce c;.-.ec ::y One _ etat e o.c I Aline.s.

.nis tract ic less than ene 2. e.....c_ .. c my s. __..s ...,,,,. u......,. ..,,.2,.. c. ,.......,.,_.,:.,a. .n; ... c. w... .c t. .u

3... e

....,J, 3.; - 3_A e. c. .. r. ... h.. e.. c.... O c.....i

. s t.

s e,.3.e, e. ' s..'_' T._ _S. n t: ce h e *,' anc, ?, thene Study. 10 naS Since een evaluated,tCt nOO re OC.nencec .a.L.e 'te U.e presence of certair unnatural concit1Onf. 20e evaluatcr c%c, c .i e 'n c ". ' u ~.. a. ...e...a - c....c... v e - *.h. e n e.. ' * -o.... n... y.a. .r. m. -s m. y g,,.,. c ..-s."

• /.e*

.I. g c. c. g e m..g e.4

• f. C

.F.

• • M".'f Q *.* - #.,4 qc** I.

_2 n s

f. g *. *.Y.. I.

I r... s... ...,.:..a_,, .a... .. w.

c...., s,. _ e.2

x...: 3

............ c ...e -e .c,,., i m. c ,.m.,..._.- ...: _.,.1. ) a_ c e. _.. .s .c...a,.a, e. .%.... n.., _, y.s. 3.,.., g..e .m ....m 2 ,,...c.,~. s :.4 . s. a uc c c,..

uau,

.a. ....e.. D e.,. 4. s.

m...

.a-s..

m.... <

s.

1......%.c...,..... _- g. e...,_ 3.:

.c m ..c -. c :..,.m.. e. ..w. e.c,..:. c. _w.,..e c.# .5. e *.c.s4. M.c. ".. - ". a.I La.. d....c.. '...de.c i c..c- - tic: ;c r Gecse ".,ake Prairie ::ature Pre cr'ec. han if this were net. e e m..:z . a. c:. u. c. u.~<.,.. . n a.. u.. s

p. e c e.. e

..t, c. b e ~. c ~. e c *.e d c e., i _v ( s.ec. .,.;.si. m.e sta;:.- nas also conc $uded that tg..e operation of c 4 Dre c c.en,. nits,. anc a,7112 nave nc acrerse ertects on the., reserve. t

o monitering pregla-

• as censidered necetscrv in the Preserve, particulc:ly since er. sat;' ling 'cr suct a prcgram would likely be cf

.....,.e

m..w.

e. ,,........o.... ..r l h I i } { t 5 i s f l

g u Awe-qmm .mw. _ - _g j l ) i I .. :.,:. c.... . v. . a.. C n., .u..

e....

c.. ; .c a t. s...i c Co ad. 4..c.s .a. ..o -aw c. .kC o :... 4., s..pC.. nCG.o.ne en.4,.CD- .. 4 - c.. c. c.. c,.c nu... .v.. S G e.,. c..

s. ; v.

_..a ..c o s.. . e .uACar pCu.. ,l.... .w' a... %.. a.. n. *. w m.. Co,..o. an,ee. n .0.......s. w..c..- .r c. y .a. : y e.

u... ~.. e,.. c t '. c c.

o n '. ~ 'n e ~7. o ne '. nc - v. c.e1eci. a., c....-. c

c. a_ d...e..

~ ... c. y ca... c.,,.....,3 . c 3 u- -. _, 4 ' e. s. e o-a. c hc-. o u-. e *. 4. s *ui c s 2 <. e. 3... and as.sure structural integrity is es ential to preventing or citigating g ] the conseCuences of potential accidents, including the class 9 p recident, which could result in the release of radioactive materials d, @p

the envirCnment.

Therefere, we strengly recommend that the environ-p I r.e.. t a '. statenent present ; more cotrrehensive summary of the regional (d ~, anc local s;te te c l o g.c. en-. s n. eci,v .. nor the teo.ogic anc seismologic I analvses ha"e been taken inte cecount. Ir this respect, we note that lf. I l the A. C has purlished " Seismic and Geolcgic ilting Criteria for Nuclear M receral Reg, ster, h* 10 C_. ,0n, o rover riants (rroresec no.n. enc x n, n2 y, l . w., s... -,,: .c., 3. <, :, k... s m-. e.oes .s.e .c...,y.. _ o .eg,o,1.,e, 4..ves t1g a.10. s. m... r.. ...sc .c. ...y. a. r..k..ese c,.: e.4a

q s...e

.e. o u,.-.. c.,. a,.., y e. e,.. :. . a...c .-g m. n have beer applied,tc the Dresden site. .. ; e. . c. n.. c.e ::... .o. v a,. e.. 1 e C.1Cn: - t..,.. c

e. a e. :.m. c...cnc E n: nee,.<.n.

C u. 3 3w.. c. .3 ...,..1 v '. s .c.,....,4c.<Cc n. .O cm...

m. L. e... r.

...c .c 6 -.c .-s.t.... t .s ii.us tra te u b nroblens that have been e2.'aerienced uith the g 4 coCling lace '--l-Ad ng thc f ailure of a 50-foot secticn cf the cooling-j . c.e..,. e w 2 .C.-1.:ces o.: . n.. s.e.,. c,.. ,s.-. c D e,.., s, l c...?. o .r. -ac. . s ..m .. c. .c impCunded VCtGr. AlthCugh the soil cCnditions were tahen into aCCCunt

ne C1Xe,'e note thEt

.h5,ihC was not analyze 4 Ier OO. .T ...e r ep a i". - ~ .1 : d .,.-~.an. saw Ca.Ce C... e V.,.t.... a n e o. r.. ..t o. ...c c...c.. 2..d. .t c u. aste.c.c....a .cC.n. C,.

e...

n. n. e, ,e.C.. ; -n. 1.v-~: .n .a. c ..,.s- .6c.t .v. o- ..... c,. 4... G.:.36 Con.4.. - ....u.c.

1..

~.u,,. . :. k. .e.. - k ~. _......c... . y. y .3 ic vuu juc.;-... e.:on. c.. .n,.: c ; u;...v..a 1 es.. ..s.:,.

n.-

e s..... _:. cgm... .s.- ....c...... c...... C v.. e ; C a_, e c'.:.

u.. e e,, 3._., ; n.

ne..

e.._

s,., e..

..'.e e Ic:

e. e. : c... ;

v nC:.

C,..e

c. v. e.

.4 ^ - ~ ,. f* ut..l n ae .c.c. A n '-. c' o ". e, * ". e g .. - r. e..,=. c...,n.,,,pe e g e..g .g

• gg

-ar .u... ..u w.. State 5ent Cr pa"e J-1J.na!. Deen reCCvec. An assessCent Of the teolCC.C 4 e -4 c: C,.1 4..Cc.1 .c.. U n. u.. e c c a C' . k.. s. ..n e,t GG3*...6a 4 ,...c n. C. 4.g. 4. C s- -4....c 7.vy ...s. essentia3 to preventing or mitigating t,e consequences o.c potential ,.1 n ,,i sccidents was cen-leted by the. Staf f in the safety evaluation for e I d '_'n i t 3 dated November 18. 2G70. is 1 i (* !? I ?. j

i..-

l le le 'I t e t m

MIp;%&X~+MNMU!EW.vi?*S-FE:HhnWP6Ty3,yf0%AZg@fqqygqE%gg I n

: :: : 'di 11-6a l

i ( static analysis of similar structures wher th'e fac:cr of m_

n

^

a:c:). a s b e:ve cn 1.' 5 and 2. 0, ::

actor of safety with a seistic event cf 0.lg was fcund to be > -. An independent evaluation of the dike stability was conducted b: the Analytical and Computer Divisien cf Sargent and Lundy, Engineers. They evaluated the static design of the dike for a profile having weak soils and the dike resting direc:1v en rock. The factors of safety obtained ranted from o to 13. The Staff considers this to show dike integrity for an Operating Easis Earthquake of 0.lg. ..-w a-11.10.f Commen-- .a.. .9 An analysis should be presented to show what conse9uences a Pestulated

2 cassive dike failure would have on the reactors or on their operations

.i if it occurred after the lake becomes an integral part of the cooling system. It has not been made clear whether dike failure T could result in less of coolant to the reactors, and how serious the j consecuences cf such an accident would be. We believe the document shculd be amended accordingly.

Response

The response to this question was addressed in the Staff's saf ety Evaluatier. report for Unit 3 dated November 15, 1970. It states in pat: The applican has perferred a safety analysis censidering various failures cf the dikes that form the lake, the lift station that.;revides the =ctive force fer the water, the spillways, and the flew-regulating s:ation. It cencludes tha: the ability to take wa:er frcr the river :,or p, ant snutdown or sa,.ety is not jeoparc :ec by the nm, coeling _ane. ine liquid radwaste discharge point is locate: scch that nc radicactive effluent eculd be released into the lake. ! ". e Qili:3 :c impound water for safe plant shutdowr is not affe::ed adversely by the ccnstruction of the cooling lake. We have reviewec the appl tant's analysis and agree eith the above cenclusions. We conclude tha: the use of this Dresden Lake cooline syster v:111 have . de::irental effect or plant safety." 11.10.- Com ent: In analycing possible causes of dike failures, internal causes resulting-in e overflow of the coeling lake appear to have been fully considered on pages 7-9 through 7-11. We recc= mend that the statemen: incluce an evaluation of the pcssible inpacts that flooding of the Rankakee River many have en the integrity of the north dike. This seems advisable and appropriate t d

t ll e3 P i since parts of the eccling lake occupy the forcer floodplain of the river, and the top of the fD c is within 22 feet of the average river I I 'evel at i:s eastern end. re concerned that there =ay be increased backwater or flooding fer given river flow now, which did not exist under pre-construction conditions, due to the encroachment of the dikes on the floodplain. The applicant could determine this by comparing before-and-af ter flood profiles through this region and in the upstrea: i reach cf the river. It may well be that the railroad embank =ent also f encroaches on the left floodplain. k

Response

High flows could (under very extreme flood conditions) cause a failure of the north dike. However, the impact of such a failure, either to the plant or the environment, would be minimal. Since the cooling lake is not safety related,,its f ailure would not adversely ef fect the plant although its f ailure would result in a shutdown. The only effects to the environment would be an increase in river water i temperature and river stage. Neither of these effects, however, would arobably be measurable since the volume of the lake is r=all in relation r to the flood volumes that could cause failure. As to the effect of the cooling lake dikes on Kankakee River flood I [ stages, it is the opinien of the staff that this effect would also be mini =al. Flood flows and resulting river stages in the site vicinity [ ~ are greatly influenced by the Dresden Island Lock and Dam downstrean and, to a lesser degree by the railroad embankment and bridge s h ittediately upstream of the cooling lake. For high flood stages, up te elevation 512 feet =si or so, most of the area opposite the cooling lake would already be inundated before water began to impinge on the dikes. Therefore, the entire area to the north bank of the Des Plaines River could be considered as the flood plain. Since the area of the ceoling lake is small in comparison to the total flood plain area, the eff ect on flood stages would be minimal. In addition, the railroad embankment and bridge ceuld restrict the amount of flow past the site except for very high flood stages above about 525 feet nsl; thereby i further reducing the effect of the dikes on flood stages. 11.10.8 Co= ment: The Atomic Energy Commission recognizes that the possible environmental effects related to the abandoned coal mine beneath the cooli'ng ' lake have not been fully considered and, as a condition to the issuance of the operating license has required the applicant to make additional core e - - -. + - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

P . _ ' 't . ;ngs. .e recennend :'ra an analvsis be rad'e of the effec:s cf the i

._;.e er :tc s:ructural ir:egrit:-

-he dikes, and also any potential pellutlenal ef f ects en grcun? r surf ace water en er cf f the I site as a resul: ef impounding wa'.c. above the mine. e Rescense: See responses to connents 11.2.3 and ll.E.26. I 11.10.9 Cc==ent: Ecology As indicated on page 2-8, the State of Illincis has reclassified the ,,,u 1c anc. Food . s1 ..,incis, Des claines, an; 1..,anka,xee r1 vers as his reclass,t..1 cat.,cn is expected to rrocessing water Supp3 les. t provide the icpetus f or cleaning up the water courses and reclamation of the rivers and their resources. Eased on the State's plan to improve the quality of these waters, we believe that this section should describe the anticipated impact that the plant will have on the improved water c.uality and the associated fish and wildlife of the air. Resrense: In perf orming its analysis of the environmental eff ects of 'Jn i : : and ; c;eratior, :he Staff assumed tha: the cuality of the 111incis river alread: reets.or exceeds the conditicas defined by the L'ater Pollutien Regu12:iens of t he Stat'e of Illinois ~. 'Therefore, the pcstulated impacts neted are those that would be associated with the future state of the river rather than the present state of the river. 11.10.lc Ccament: The rela:ive numbers cf cc:ifern bacteria and fecal celifort bacteria given er page 1-25 fer the years ic55-1971 are incorre :. The total cellfert hacteria should exceed that of fecal celiferr bac:cria.

ne discrepancy in the data, but

.,ne _ tar:.. was aware c:. c ,esponse: n tecause the data were taken directly from the reference, no changes were made. Communicatien with the Illinois EPA did not resolve this discrepancy. l l l

g .yy. _m m-m- mm - w_= p

1. m c, 2 r w -- 3 ; 2 %, r e - m. q. g w s,_,7~,,_._.. m_

I ..-=: It -. 1:.11 Commen:- [ The sixth paragraph on page -33 should be expanded to indicate the relative quali:y of the " inputs" to the Dresden Pool. Eased on terperature data given on page 3-21 when all units are oper? ting, i of the organisms identified may be elimindred f ror the cooling l ros: pond during substantial periods of the year. 4

Response

It is possible that some of the organisms in the Dresden p ] cooling pond during certain periods of the year may be eliminated I i f rom the warmest pool. However, this effect is expected to have no r adverse icpact on the Illinois River, which is the primary concern [i of :he Staff. Of greater importance to the river is the possibility d i of large algal bloons in the pend, resulting in increased organic [' [ l load to the river. The Applicant is required to carry out a lake j canagement prograt that will prevent such input to the Dresden Pool b (Sec. 5.5.3.b.).

Mgj l

'h h 11.10.12 Cc=nent: r,iver Discharge

L L

II, 9 <. e s h a re the concern expressed by th_ AEC staff on page 3-26 tha: the p the.a1 plume nay sericusly restrict f ree fish passage in the river. d q Ue are also concerned vith the performance of the spray canal cooling I! L, sys ter and believe that careful monitoring of this systen and of the I. heated water discharged :c the river should be randatorv. s .espense:

c response is necessary.

r, 11.10.13 Cc= cent: ' m L Sc ;id Radicac tive Uas t es '34 c ..c send was tes thc: result fror cperatiens cf L' nits 2 and 2 are j !Iq t discussed briefly on pages 3-37 and 3-l.l. The wastes are described I in very general terms as being evaporator bottoms, spent resins,.f_ilter j:p f sludge, filters, miscellaneous paper, rags, and contaminated clothing. k Es ti.ates are given that about 2,000 55-gallen druns of sclid radio-active waste will be shipped off site annually to a burial site at 3 Sheffield, Illinois. The draft statement contains an inconsistency in d ,tg . n; cc Sii IT IN iR ~5 ~ Its t ! Fd p !k i ,u '.hN , f 5. og $5 ~ ~

Q. - _ -wmmw m__ av m mg_mggy i.: I + 40 s s d (D01 cont'd) 11-6E

y.,

W h WRW the esti=ated radioactivity of this waste, the figure being given p 3 d-both as 4,800 and 5,700 curies of activity on pages 3-37 and El 3-41, respectively. $h the of fsite disposal of the operational solid radio- {g ;. ' ae believe that gj active vastes from the Dresden Muclear Power Station constitutes h5 an important long-te rn environmental impact, and the AEC must satisfacto-l lil rily solve the problem of these prolif erating operational wastes f ro: 1 all nuclear plants before they present a major problem. Therefore, 31 ~ $,, - we strongly recon =end tha: the environmental statements for all reactors, ( including Dresden Units 2 and 3, should specify the kinds of radio-FU'. nuclides their physical stat es, and their concentrations in the wastes, n: h9 and the estimated total volute of wastes for the expected Operating =. life of the reactor. Additionally, if an environmental impact state =ent has not been prepared for :he proposed burial or disposal hgj 16 site, or if such a statement does not fully consider wastes of the ed nature and cuantity of those generated at the Dresden station, then we believe i: incumbent on the AEC to include an evaluatien of the b#) disposal site in this presen; environmental statement. L. We believe 2 54 such an evaluation should discuss the Federal and State licensing R provisions, criteria, and responsibili:ies for the site in connection ~c @j* j g. a 01 with: (1) determination of the hydrogeologic suitability of the site M3 to isolate the wastes of the Dresden station and any other wastes the site ror the biosphere f [23 l i accumulating or expected to accumulate at for specific periods of time; (2) current and con:inuing surveillance - recedial or reg;ulatory acti ne -/s and monitorinc of the site; and (3) anv t.:n > that =;gnt be necessary throug.acut a spec;::c per oc or ::=e in vn:ch w~ pli i - all the wastes will be hacardous. m '.E :. In connectier with the above, we note that " radioactive wastes other than high-level," which apparently include reactor operational solid -p;., have been discussed pages G-2 through G-1 of the AEC document lj 1

wastes,

" Environmental Survey of the Suclear Fuel Cycle." We do not consider gg; p,; the generalized descriptions in that document of the canagement and ,e t 1kk k j, } ; disposal of these wastes as being adequa:e to cover the cencerns 12 7; j ' expressed above because the' descriptions on pages G-2 through G-9 and P4 J G-12 through G-l' are not specific to a particular site er to the [${h Ul particular vastes being disposed there. Similarly, the environmental j SE considerations on pages G-16 through G-21 are not specific to a_ $$} particular site er to particular vastes. kW N!.$ 0 -m

n '

71 Y k b}

d 6

v. a

$.bh w

n).

U. hM w *

4. ~3 25l

'.TM, v?tw u

. _: ::.: t 11-fc e .+ 7.es ense: The estimated radioactive content of' solid waster as shown 4

- page 3-37 of the DES is applicant 's proj ected value based on k

the design of the radwaste.a tment systems described in the DES. 6 } Since the issuance of the DEE, the applicant has modified the design ~ [p' of the licuid radwaste syster as described in the Final Environmental + Statement for Dresden, Units 2 and 3. Based en our evaluation of the h modified syster and data from operating reactors with similar radwaste ysg systems, we estimate 950 drums / unit of wet solid waste (spent 'J decineralizer resins, filter sludges and evaporator bottoms) containing approximately 1.7 Ci/ drum. Since the majority of the radioactivity j! will be contained in this vaste, we consider that all wet solid waste will be stored onsite for approximately 180 days prior to shipment. j This period of onsite storage will allow short-lived radionuclides i time to decay. We estimate greater'than 907; of the radioactivity

l associated with these wastes will be long-lived fission and corrosion products principally Fe-55, Co-60, Co-58, Cs-134, Cs-137, Sr-90 and 3h Sr-89.

We estimate 700 druns/ unit of dry and compacted solid wastes y containing less than 5 Ci/yr will be shipped from the station each year. @J The concerns over the disposal of solid radioactive wastes are d appropriately addressed in the AEC docu=ent " Environmental Survey of th the : uclear Fuel Cycle". As noted in that document, the environ-M nental effects of the entire uraniur fuel cycle with regard to an 4 individual reactor are small. Further, the potential for any signifi-23 tant effect from the disposal of solid radioactive vastes from a P reactor is extremely limited due to (1) the small quantity of radio-d ac tivity centained in the vastes, and (2) the care taken in establishing @T and conitoring commercial land burial facilities as noted below.

r ercial land burial facilities nust be located on land which is y

twned b:. a state or the Federal government, and af ter radioactive r i asstes are buried at a site the land must not be used for any other O Authcrizatien to operatc a co=ercial land burial f acility rurtose. is based on an analysis of nature and location cf potentially affected ! [*.) l f acilities and of the site topegraphic, geographic, meteorological, '~~ l and hydrological characteristics; which must demonstrate that buried l$ l radicactive waste will not migrate from the sitc. Envircnmental

Y I.

cenitoring includes sampling of air, water and vegetation to determine i' mig ra t io n, if any, of radioactive material from the actual location of burial. To date, there have been no reports of migration -of -radio-p$ activity from commercial burial sites. In the event that migration .t were to occur, plans for arresting any migration have been developed. Q On the basis of the general environmental considerations of burial sites now developed, the vide range of wastes that can be buried, and b the observatic, that an applicant is not restricted to a specific burial f site, the staff believes that a detailed discussion of solid radioactive waste disposal sites is inappropriate to an environmental statement for !\\ any one nuclear power plant facility. [ ] im5 e f Q mN' ~ ^ m- ^

r&E3" k lKis [ ' n,.7. .m. E j'iy T 1 cen:'d) 11 70 I-H 8 f ed y si.d D 11.10.14 Comment: Chenical and Biocide Effluents R.. %('g' In view of the recognized detrimental environmental impacts of chlorine on the aquatic environments, the use of this elenent should be h*M minimi ced. We suggest that considerable care be given to reducing the 7' use of chlorine and specifically chlorine concentrations in the plant effluent. l ,!m!P; ii;

Response

Strict controls shall be required on chlorine concentrations N in the plant ef fluent. See Section 5.5.5.a. M mi e 11.10.15 Co=e nt : -gW Ecolocical Ef fec s

t.m "l'$

Q This section should indicate that 1,573 acres of agricultural land whi:h gj; previously supported wildlife has been converted to an industrial use and tha: the wildlife associated with this habita: has been lost. .4 b.#"~~ g P?d.'/ Respo ns e : This is adequately discussed in Section 4.1 of this statement. pm. s.

.. e H u>.

m 11.10.16 Co rent: .-:.T %, q..--

pacts on,.sater Use

?- -~.,J e ONt WG Eased on infor ation available to us, there is a great probability tha: 9 substantial anounts of chloramines will be discharged te receiving i jh waters. The cunulative effect of chloramines frcs the cooling pond of M. Dresden Units 2 and 3, the c'_scharge from Unit 1, and the effluent fren p$74 d ' Collins Electrical Generating Station may individuall:. or in combination cause severe da ace to present or future fish and wildlife resources. O.'O.s ~ Theref ore we sucgest that the cumulative effects from all sources that W@., would interact with those from this plant should be discussed in this .: B. s e c tio n. s mM, g% ' w pu%' 1I3-si We believe that this section should also acknowledge the. inolication @,r,( i of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as anended in 1972. As W stated in the Act "it is the national coal to eli~.inate the discharge M.y of eollutants into navigable waters by 1955." 's I . D, A I Mu k.%2;.;ty; M3 m.w i WW EkT(N 5t C -E-ffeneMN% r' Mh _.L i* Wggq.gg Wh y%cwM v'A!mL pege Mv -

• ei

e _.i { .[ . s' ~ re:crcn:ce en ;;.ges f-! and 3-2 ~ :: :asles ;.E.an: ;.5. respective-y, '{ y 4 a g -..-..c. . 2..e.... ng ..s. .._u.g... kg ,.,,j 4.. w 7, .1 w3ron5(; !ne ?.pplicant c.a s cs:.__::ec a study shcwing no residual dk ch;crine in :be ence-threugh ef::uen: frc Units 2 and 3 during T. .nas since quest;enec these results and 90 cnicr na: en.

ne npplicant v

is cencuc: ng :urther studies. 2ne S ta::.. .nas concluc. d that nc -'r e

I.

res cua. :ree enlorine w 2..,, be present in the lake blowdown frer .. t, a r o.c r an. Inter-10 Units - and 3. This will be verified cv a tonitorint r mit: ant chlorination of Uni: 1 will be centrclled to insure discharges !!I do not exceed currently acceptable guidelines. These levels are based t on the continuing reduction of residual chlorine after discharge and ",,L e. targe c;;utien in the river. _q, .:ne as b .o I ' r4 9 us 11.10.17 Con =ent: ais Tw ?i!w f

.cnradic' crical Ef f ects en Eccionical Systers

...n e mi Entrainten; cf acuatic organists inte :ne cocling water sys:ca is discussed t, en page 3-21. The magnitude of these effects which occur during low ]h6 c: cri:ical sucter flow periods shculd be centicned since these periods 59 cf:cn ceincide with peak metatclic activity for ecs: aquatic organisms. u._.cval cf rie ass frcr the syster during critical environmental periods 411

_;d ::ntr. thc :.agnitude of dcwnstreat fish resources er subject

'd cw1 1

nese p:pu;at; ens tc unacceptable stresses.

H.:e v.m ,cspcn3e: The Staff has discussed the zagnitude of entrainnent effects <T ~n . C,0 sed-cycle operatiCn o., the Cociang q Ucc. 3.3.1.) f or. born Cpen-anC 4

a r.;.

.nder c;csed-cycle cperatien, which.ill he the normal operating l

_; ::: inits 2 and 3, entrainnent ef:ec:s en the bic ass are no:

9 , c,1 c... 3.eascns:

u. : ::. :: affe:: dcwns:rean f ;..nn rcscurces.cor the j

. 2 O_ :_ ring average flow accu: dE cf the.ankakea River bypasses the plan: l prcviding an adecuate base fcr recovery of most plank:cnic popula-y( tnus l

i:.s c:wnstream: (b) :he dead entrained organisms frer Uni: 1 will still

.e ava1 atle as fish feod; (c) the lake blewdewn will contain additicnal y n crganisms criginating in :he lake which vill contribute to fish food sources. .S During low 11cw (7 day-4 year recurrence) essentially no Kankakee River , q' water will bypass the plant due primarily to Unit 1. This once-through ii#j rg-unit (;T=19'F) and an estimate of 15%-50% kill of entrained organists-can te cxpected. This ceuld be an unacceptable impact en a continuous n basis cut since such lo. : lows occur apprcximate;v ence in 4 vears, an_ _ince there is a constant f l ot. of fish food sources frer the Les Plaines inver and the eccling lake blowdown to the Illincis, it is the Staff's ST 6.a e I . 4 l 4-J' p t -4 t.8h, L* .3\\ M -o k ,.4.,J 4-Ol'p. 3 e.% rm m,..u m sm e e m e w s m a. m m m e m m m m m m m a

u},. Cr ff;s' f;f4j, (001 cent'd) 11-72 f t"s+ 1 ,L:2 1 conclusion tha: there vill be little effect on the fish of :he Illinois pfp 1 River. It is possible however, that if such flows coincide with the planktonic s: age in the life cycle of some invertebrate species, the g ~.$ i.' population of these species may be markedly decreased for a year or ao mF: longer. h 4 n d i 11.10.1S Co= cent: d 4 y Cooline Lake and Sprav Canal Effects i l 1: f

1. _ ll4:

It is indicated on page 5-33 that the problem of disposal of the .j. dredged material from the cooling lake and spray canal has not bee: considered by the applicant. According to condition d., the appli:cn $[, is required to implement Environmental Technical Specifications $[j including a program for dispesal of dredgings. Since this activity TJ could have c enjer environmental impact, we recommend that an estimate IN of dredging requirements and probable disposal methods be included in the final environmental statement. r.. w, D 1,j

Response

See response to cernen: 11.2.21 and Section 5.5.3.c. 9w bl 433 11.10.19 Concent: as $4 "7 The warm water cf the 1,275 acre cooling lake built for the closed-j hy cycle cooling system s'cheduled for use af ter Februcry -1974 is a Ja potential resource the beneficial uses of whicP should be censidercd. Wy We recc==end that the applicant be encouraged to consider pessible Z4 uses of the water f or such things as aquaculture, which migh: have q?, the added benefit of helping to maintain the lake free of " nuisance" [* growths of aquatic organisms. Relative te costs of plan: construction l} and cperation, any short-ter: nonetary benefits from using :he :hermal

j efflhents are likely to be insignificant, but long-ter

benefi:s may hd in clude :

(1) increased kncwledge gained from experimentation with 'f: use of thermal cffluents by local educational or other institutions; [dU (2) significant benefits to the small segment of the cc = unity involved M2 ~ in use of the water. =i ? - jf

Response

Although some very imaginative thinking, research and 4 q 0 development activities are being undertaken regarding the use of the h{yih heated discharges of water from power plants, the Staff is'unawa?e of any proven cernercial uses for this resource at the present time. hs Since the production of large quantities of low-grade heat are adjunct rx to the physical laws for the operation of a power plant, the Appli-hP cant would be quite pleased to see a beneficial use developed. The ?{ Applicant is not, however, charged te perform such research and th development, and should not, therefore, be required to undertake such f4 activities as part of its licens equirements. .u .L M3 ~ d-a' ,c P%,.. s. ~ r d?: D O':W ~-igg-~QE f,_MLk Q Q Q g M gGy g g Mey.Q % M QQ&]Fh h

w + -..l' Comment: The i portance of proper care. c use of algicides is discussed en page 3-33. The Deparecent ei the Interior's 1967 publication j entitled "Siclogical Associated Prchlets in Freshwater Environments" 3[ is referred to as discussing cethod for the physical removal of acuatic T} d< veeds and the use of microstrainers f or algae. However, the particular cethods which will be used to control growths of nuisance aquatic _f organisms and procedures for their disposal are not described in the jf statement. The methods that will be used and the associated environ-mental i= pacts of the selected control program should be identified in this section. I i

Response

It is the Staff's policy to allow the Applicant to prepare j its own progra for lake management, subj ec t to ne review and approval of the Staff. Details of the progra: to be implenented at Dresden have h been ccepleted, but will be included in the Applicant's Environ-

[

not rental Technical Specifications. d._ dJ1 lig Ny 11.10.21 Co==ent: ,, a If~ We suggest that this section be expanded to include important dissolved u.5ses in addition to eff(cts of dissolved oxygen. For exanple, super-saturation of nitrogen gas in water has produced fish kills at several gp s cc:-electric power plants. rg e r

Response

See section 5.5.2.a. for a discussion of the effects of '9 disselced gasses. v l'.10.22 Content: The pctential for the dispersal of viable fecal organists in aerosols if as a result cf the spray syster is recognized on page 5-34 It is 'I aise indicated that if bacterial counts in the spray canals exceed .if state standards, the applicant will take approprirte action. We sugcest / that i.easures which would control this problem should be identified and the potential impacts resulting from icplementation of these controls dh en fish and wildlife resources should be described. yd

F w

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Response

One control measure presently proposed is to shut off the U@"'b spray systems during periods of epidemic occurrences of enteric f U diseases in communities upstream of the stations intake, or when i et fecal coliform counts in the spray canals greatly exceed state kd { standards. This acticn will likely increase the temperature of the lake blowdow by about S*F over present estimate of normal operatien and accordincly i [ increase the area of the 3'F T isothere. Since this circumstance is a i expected to occur only rarely, if at all, no adverse effects are expected except at the immediate outfall area. After dilution with 4@ j d4 the discharge of Unit 1 the net temperature increase at the outfall U23 will be abou: 2*F. This would result in very local effects at the immediate ce: fall. Since the likelyhood of a health hacard developing EE5

1i ceu hf.

is small, :he snall impact resulting from securing the sprays would Zf be accec:able for shor: pe riods of time. (See Comment 11,11.1) 'a w: EYb

29. '

11.10.23 Cc ment: { A=l tra Transmission Line E :..:ects m al w The four:P paragraph en page 3-33 should ba updated by deleting the [d]k indication : hat the Eureau of Spor: Fisheries and Wildlife has L,.3 approved f cr certain 'applica icns the use o: o - u.. < s _ i. -,..2 4 "T 1 Department's appreval f or the use of this herbicide zas withdrawn C;.1 in 1970. The Departnen cf the Interior nas prchibi:ed the use -, ij 2, L, 3-T cn lands under its control and has also prchibited its , p; use in any prograr it funds since 1970. h.li

3.i A1

hough :ne ecenc=ical ces: is sometimes =cre for hand er mechanical S.

J clearing rethods, the ces: to the environment is usually mus: less. ff/4. Therefore we sugges tha: the applicant seriously censider mechanica,. Eg3 clearing methods which would eliminate or reduce the need for herbicides. nua~I f s v .t IU *( prf3,i9ji

Response

The appropriate change has been made to the text. w-h a.S. l. A/. h-.. d 6l' o l 11.10.24 Comment: I !I l ETPI Chemical _Discharce Ef f ects bk i bNd We succes: that :his section identifv and describe the impact cf heav' [n?5{ tetal's wnich will be discharge by the plant.

r.. 4-k*b W:" N 9 95; r i.i se=

s . M t r.,e . E.5 * -.L-_

• r h.*

~. c

M~~ 1 w s po_gs_g: T.e Dresden f:stier cill add nc heas' k.e : a l.:

the discharre.

.cwc Ve r. cencen:ratier cf la . er due to evaporation

. ir.c re as e c

u the ccncen:raticn of an-hec - tals present in the r.akeup water by gu a factor cf about 1.3. in :rc lcwdown to the Illinois River. 1.'a t e r i 32 analysis cf samples frc: the 1:ke in:ake in July 1971 by :ne Applican:

gt indicated ccacentrations of Cu, 2n, and Eg to be.0.0S, 0.04, and less

' Of than 0.0001 t;/ liter, respectively. Da:a supplied by the Illinois l'

atural history Survey indicated Pb concentrations of less than 0.05

. yg 'eg/ liter in 977. of samples taken of Kankakee River water at Momence MI in 1966-71 (3% of the samples were 0.05 mg/ liter). Cd concentrations were less than 0.005 mg/ liter for 90% of the samples (100% were equal h {h or less than 0.02 mg/ liter): Cr concentrations were 0.005 mg/ liter or less, for 97ll of the samples (100% of the samples were 0.01 mg/ lit er less). Assuring, therefere, a tot'al heavy metal concentration in (j Nl the takeup water of 0.2 mg/ liter, the concentration in the blowdown g o the river would be 0.3 eg/ liter or less. The Staff does not o expect these tevels to be toxic to river clota, even at the inmediate yg outfall. The concentrations are much below the maximum concentrations i.T allowed by the Illincis EPA in any effluent. Yd m S35 +e 11.10.25 Cc=ent : .:t:. u, -t .crradicic;ical Studies I ou .ne sarpling prcgram should be reviewed periodically c determine if lJ' + i saneline ea.cir. tent and technic.ues udll result in the collectica cf ib . a.. adecuate qualitative and quantitative data especially as related to ]j ir.in tenent cf fish. .3.e onse: Eesults of the tenitorin; pregrar w;11 be subritted to the fe r_ csien seriannuall:. for review. In addition, the nenradiological r ;..; : tenitcrint prograr will be reviewed by the Staff af ter the firs: i.~r 2 cars of clo sed-cycle operatien. The Applicant is also required te 3 de r. strate the adecuac:. cf the particular sanpling design selected (sec. 6.2.1.a. Co n c lu s.cn). 2ne program :or risn 1 pingement cata lp ccliec: ice is ciscussed in the respense to comments 12.2.40, 12.2.56 c-anc .c.c.se. y .:s ,5 ik h ,.S+ k !~

i.,.'f k'f se I{

4 l 4 .c i e 8 . t. 6 I .} I il il A-. _4

g, k] Y $ $ U $ T $ W 5 Y ?- ,MW$$NW$5$!b$$5h$5h$$$1-9 4 -il s4 fj: (00: cont'd) 11-76 3- &Q 7 [l 11.10.26 Comnent: wa e = y; Environmental Eff ects of Accidents on i r w f r i j i 4 This section contains an adequate evaluation of impacts resulting C$ frc= plant accidents through class S for airborne emissions.

However, l{l;h J the postulated accidents listed in tables 7.1 and 7.2 could result

'] the environmental effects of releases to water is lacking. Many of p in releases to the Kankakee and Rivers and should be evaluated. as a ?? 4 pg We also think that class 9 accidents resulting in both air and water C,2 releases should be described and the impacts on human life and the sd remaining environment discussed as icng as there is any possibility

b. 7iJ t Li 4 :

of occurrence. The consequences of an accident of this severity h.s.2, ceuld have for reaching ef fects and could persist for centuries. 4:. it The AEC recognition of the severe consequences of such an acciden h}k. ]. ~ is indica:ed in 'JSAEC Regulatory Guide '.2. u.J +d?s 4

Response

The doses calculated as consequences of the postulated ...a accidents are based on airborne transport of radioactive materials 1g. resulting in both a direct and an inhalation dose. Our evaluation pm of the accident doses assumes that the applicant's environnental Spj }q l menitoring program and appropriate additional conitoring (which could %;,I. would detect the presence of radioac tivity in :he environ en: in a be initiated subsequent to an incident detected by in-plan: =cn it o_ ring)

==t timel, canner such that remedial actic: could be taken if necessarv te lini exposure frca c her potential pathways to man. 7_.q; 9?j i - Interior states that Class 9 accidents should be described and the 'dI enviren= ental impa ct discussed. Eecause the current AEC position is 'l as sta:ed in the acciden assessment writeup (that in viet, of the low L Ly i; probability of the accident the environmental risk is extremely s.3t'

3' '

stall) no specific response to this Interier cc= ment is required in

• b P'e d i e Final De tailed Statement.

i N~0 ! V$ I i h9i-I 11.10.27 Cc==ent: t24. 3. r;Uj j .i Alternative Energy Sources C4 J4 The basic assumptions necessarv to determine the a= cunt of air pollutants ff which would be emitted by a ceb. parable sized f ossil-fueled pcwer plant .n ji } N M b .n:: Nh!'. ed 's S 3.-; 'in ,a ft /"a

z,. m _ m m m.,... _. p.., 6 1 cre.c: given ir the : c.< t.

• -ink :ha: thesc data which would allov t

the reviewer te crfirr the. rria:eness of such assurptiens, should be giver in the environmenta: -;ctement. F,e s pe n s e : The allowable air pollutants released f rom a coal fired .] station needed te replace the Dresden Units 2 and 3 have been Y reesiculated by the Staf f using the EFA standards for coal fired ] plants (40 CFR 60). These new valves and the assumptions used are 9 noted in the revised table 9.1 of this statement. '4

n 11.11 STATE OF ILLINOIS, DEPARTMENT OF FUEL 1C HEALTH jj 11.11.1 Co==en--

ihe It is this Department's opinion that the possibility of health hazarde

M

. pi f ror the operatien of these spra; canals and the possible dispersion ki[ of f ecal colifor: into the air would be at cost a cinimal health I hacard. Our decisien is based upon the relative low amount of human {l fecal celiforms that have been ebserved in this river and that there s have been ne reported incidents of discase around sewage treatment h plants which use aeration technicues en raw sewage containing much dp higher concentra tions o f microorganists. t %' It is our further belief that if studies were carried out in any area - E, in which people congregate such as office buildings that one could de:cc: airborne coliterns within the at csphere of the sample location, y 3: present there is ne evidence tha: this constitutes a public ~ 'ecith hecard or is a viable mechanisr fer the transmission of disease. .s a rublic health agency we fecl, herever, that it would be pruden d -d ed sampling :c deternine levels of nicrecrganisms in the

c intake wa:er even thougP the degree of possible health hacard appears T e rC e.

Fesp:nse: The Staff agrees W:h this cenrent, based on inforcation F presently available. Sarpling f or f ecal colifern and f ecal streptococci U in the lake intake canal before the sprays shall be included in the S Environmental Technical Specifications for the Plant. dd

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o _-..--e.. _. =... _ - - zInviron ental Review, Drescen Uni: ; Opera-ing License In supper: of the recues: to conver: the Provisional Opera:ing License fer Unit 2 at Dresden S:ation to a Full Ter: Operating License the Final'Envirennental State:en: (FES) dated Nove=ber, 1973, has been reviewed for significant changes to Unit 2 and the environs that =ay affect the find- _ings included in the FES. There have been no changcs to the Dresden Units 2 c: 3 cr ancil-lary s:stien facilities tha: woulc cause any significant increase in envi-ren=en:a1 i pacts from these discussed in the FIS. Changes have been made which reduce c: citigate envirenzental impacts. One of the changes is the t r e a ::e n'; cf the water f ct statice ficer drains (ncn-rac) anc cribhouse sumps. as well as the water free the station reef drains which reduces the cuantities of suspended sclids and cil and grease discharged frc: :he s:a-

icn preperty.

Feg fences, a ligh:ec cevered bridge, and fog warning ligh:s en :ne outlic reads around the cce... nc_.are have been acded :o assure ::a:.- fic safety. New hign density racks fer added fuel storage capacity have bcen analyced anc fcund no: to' adversely affect the environ =ent. In the 1ccal area, the Geese Lake School, en the south sice of Lorence Road, has been closed and the building is now being used for co=cercial purposes. -

.=eng the subjects reviewed herein are the changes in the cpera-

icn of the cecling lake and the changes in population in the 0-5 =ile area surrounding the s:ation.

e e

..__rIF' i Several cf :ne cenclusions in the FES deali with opera:ing the rea:icn in a canne: tha: vould no degrade :he surface waters of Illinois by wastewater discharge,.. ther=cl discharge or intake effects. The per=i::ing responsibility for va:er quality standards new lies with the Illinois Envi-rencental ?:ctection Agency.(IEFA) and the Illinois Pollution Control Board c (IPC3). The IPCS has granted,an alternate effluen: li=itation standard for ~ Dresden S:a:ieb. Coupled with this, :he IEPA issued a re' vised per=i: which recuires the s:ation to operate in closed' cycle =ede for 6.5 =enths of the year and allows indirec: open cycle operation of :he syste during the su=-

e: =cc:hs (frc: =id-June through Septe=ber).

In the indirect cpen cycle =cde, the eccling water is withdrav: f c= the Kankakee and Des Plaines i Rivers, circula:ed :hrcugh the Uni:s 2/3 condensers and discharged into a tve-=ile icng spray canal frc which it is p,u= ped into :t.e co_ cling pond. e Af:er circula:ict through the.' cooling pond, the water is discharged via a spillway into anc ther ve-mile long spray canal and is then discharged :c the 111incis River. The granting cf :his alternate cperational tede anc acdc=panying standard, vnich is supported by :he results cf biological and ther a1 s:udies, has resul:ed in =cre efficient cperatien ef 'Jnits 2 and 3 and is believed to i preve water quality dcenstres= cf the station as well s:ation cooling syste= a3 improving the fishery in the Illinois River. -t '~ operation and vastevater discharges are c've i<. > .iPDES Per=i: Nd ber IL Orneen.,. vv.. Ano:her change is the increase in population in the local area, 0-5 =iles, which has g cun at a faster rate than was projected in tts TES. e

4 l l Tne 1950 pcpulation of :ne area was 10,-C; ce= pared :o :ne p:cjected 5,003. Inis is due in par: :c fas:er char : :icipated grow:h of nearby cuns and ce== uni:ies aleng the Kankakee River and the residen:ial develop =ents in the neighboring abandened strip =ined land. The 1980 pep,ula:ico per square =ile within the 5 =ile radius was 132 which is far below :he NRC guideline of l 500. This change is discussed in detail in the updated FSAR, Section 2.2.2, _and in the Syste=a:ic Evalua: ion Progra= Topic II-1.E for Dresden Unit 2*. A su==ary of the curren: s:stus of the conditions covered by the FES conclusions follows: A. In addition to the land purchased and occupied.by Oresden 1 (953 acres), app:cxi=a:ely 1573 acres of land, fer:erly agricultural, have been converted

c :he Units 2 and 3 cccling lake and canals (see Section 4.1).

The site sice has re=ained unchanged. 5. Approxi=ately four miles of new trans=ission line' rights-of-way were built for Units 2 and 3 involv. ing se=e 93 acres of land with 0.6 acres re=cved The population projection within the 50 =ile radius fer 1980 was w 5,070,978 which is 25% core than the 1980 census figures which are 6,301,641. e

f rc= its criginal use f er tower base s. Although cens:ruction of the trans=ission lines preceded l publication cf the U.S. Depart =ent of Interior "Enviren=en:a1 Criteria for Electric Transmission Syste=s" 1971, the present condition of the lines is considered environ =entally acceptable by the Staf f (see Section 4.1). The trans=ission lines associated with Units 2 a:d 3 have no: been changed f rc= the cescription in the FES. C. Sene fish are-i= pinged on the intake screen.- On the basis cf the li=ited data availai.2, signifi-can; adverse i= pact en the fish population of the river as a whcle is ne expec:ed during clcsed ..e cre...:c-. s-.. c: c..:. -.:..s- .. e :. ;. s.. r. e .a k-11 rate anc cf deter =ining the local fish popu-latien vill be required :c verify the exten: cf this impact. If adverse effects are indicated, the applicant shall be recuired to take ccrrectije acticn (see Section 5.5.1.b). i /.s predicted in the FES, fish i=pinge=en a: t h e 'e' n i t s 2/3 intake during closed cycle cperatica has ne: resulted in a significant acverse it-pact en :he fish pcpulation of the river. Fish i=pingenent at the Units 2/3

h 4 1 e 1, 9 ) 1 in:ake tends :c be even lower ur.cer the indirec: open cycle = ode than under I the clcsed cycle code. This is largely due to the fac: :ha: fish : hat pass over the discharge spillway frc= the cooling pond a're discharged directly :o the lilinois River with the cooling water rather than returned to and j through the Units 2/3 in:ake. D. So=e aquatic organis=s e'ntrained in the station's cooling water syste= will prcbably be killed due

o ther=al, che=ical.and =echanical shock. -This less is not expec:ed :c represen: a significan:

fraction of the river's bic= ass or to affect :he i productivi:y'ef adjacent waters (see See:ica I 5.5.1.a). \\ t A Sc=e acua:ic crganis=s entrained in the station's coeling water sys:e= under closed, as well as indirect open cycle cperation, have been killed due te :her=al, che=ical and =echanical sheck. Ecuever, this'i= pact is believed to be =inical and the discharge of aquatic organisms.frc= the cooling pend into the Illinois River during indirect open cycle operation veuld tend to offset these losses. 4 i E. Cold kill of fish is not expected due to shutdown of Units 2 and 3 during the vinter because of the 2 large heat sink in the cooling lake. Should Unit 1 suddenly shut down, the discharge te=perature 1 4 i i .. _ _ _, __ ~ _ _ _. _ _. _ _. _, _ _. - _ _ _,. _. _

d:cp wi.1 be.i=ited by :he war: effluen: frc: the cooling lake (see Section 5.5.2.a). 'Jinter operatienal conditions are the sa:e as when the FES was prepared (closed cycle code). Dresden Station i.as not experienced cold kill ~ ef fish frc'= :he shu:down of Units 2 and 3 durin. :he winter because of the ~ large heat sink in the cocling pond. F. The addition of hea: to the Illinois River fro: the Dresde: cooling lake blevdcun is net expected to adversely affec: acua:ic life excep; in the i==ediate vicini:v. of the o.u: fall. 1.n a. d e..c.u a t. e.. cene of passage for fish and planktenic crganis=s in the :llincis River will be required (see Sec-

ic: 5.5.2.a'.

The addi:icn cf hea Oc the Illinois Eiver frc= the Dresden cool-ing penc under indirect cpen cycle cperation did not appear Oc adversely affect the surrounding area. Fisheries studies conducted during 1981 and 1982 de=enstrated that large nu=bers and diverse species of fish'were ac:u-1 ally attracted to the ou: fall during indirect open cycle cperation. l Fu r: h e r=o re, an adequa:e cene cf passage was de=castra:ed through ther=al l coni:cring conducted during indirec: epen cycle operation in 1951 and 1952 unich indicated that ther=al plu=es never for ed a significant barrier I across the river. e ,,.m-m- Y-M- ' ' - "'w~" V'"'WW*-''''-"'sM"t*~w'**'w

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s l l. G. Fogging and icin; fro = the Dresden cooling lake are 1 no: expec:ed to adversely affect the surrounding area excep: for an increased hacard on the County Line Road and the Dresden Road. During periods of dangerous icing or.eog, corrective action is required to assure traffic safety (see Section 5.1.2). ogging and icing has occurred a: the predicted loca: ions. A fog i, t fence and a lighted covered bridge were constructed on Coun:y Line Road to 4 assure ::affic safe:y. In addition, highway cau: ion signs with flashing lights warning cf li ited visibility have been erec:ed en the Ccunty Line 4 ( Read and en Co:: age Road. H. The che=ical discharges :c the river, including i f ~ chierine, will be in very low concen:ra: ions and { pose no threa: to aquatic life (see See:ica 5.5.5). The che=ical discharges to the river including chlorine have re=ained at essentially the sa=e low concentrations shown in the FES. As of July 12, 1979, the station has been operating under NPOES Fer=i: No. IL 000222' and is in cc pliance with the per=it conditions and all related I water cuality regulations as set ferth in Title 35, Subtitle C, Chapter 1 Water Pollu: ion Rules and Regulaticns of the Illinois Follution Control j Ecard. O b e e e---,- p. eg.m--- ,,,---_. ems..-a..e&--.. 7-==r.--ew ---,-m-- -,-w.m-. emmy. ,m---es.,-#- -p m-w.y.,.--%g ..g%+-w

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e _g. I. Operation cf Uni:s 2 and 2 wil1 resul; in :he pro- - duction of sclid radioactive vaste (see Section 5.4.2). 1 The FES esticate of 5700 curies of solid radicactive vaste shipped is accurate. The total nu=ber of shipcents, however,.are over 200 i per year rasact than the estimated 46 per year in the FES. The disposal - area in Wes:ein Illinois is closed and the solid wastes are now transported ~ te ei:her South Carolina or Washington. J. Use of water by Units 2 and 3 should ne: measur-ably reduce supply sources nor i= pair the quality i l of re: urn flows for ethei uses (see section 5.3). The use of water by Units 2 and 3 does not ceasurably reduce i j water supply sources since water is withdrawn frc= both the Kankakee and Des plaines Rivers. Water cuality of the eccling water eften improves as i: 4 circula:es through the eccling pend f er apprcxicately three days under the inpirect open cycle code. This i=preve en: is especially prenounced under icv Kankakee River ficvs when the =ajori:y of the in:ake wa:er flow censis:s 4 l of poorer quality Des Plaines River water. i i i K. The risk associated with accidental radiation i exposure is very low (see Section 7). i The risk associated with accidental radiatien exposure re=ains at the very low level shown in the FES. J 1 t . ~.

~. So significan: environ = ental i= pacts are anti: ipa:ed frc: ner:al opera; :_nal releases of radioactive =a:erials within f0 =iles. The estica:ec dose to the pepula: ion within 50 =iles fro: operation of Units 2 and 3 is 160 =an-re=/yr, which is less 6 than the nor=al fluctuation in the 1.1 x 10 - * =an-re=/yr background dose this population would receive (see Section 5.4), Coc=envealth Edisen Cc:pany has provided an environs radioactiv-i:y conitcring progrs= a: the Dresden Site since ic58. All ata eb sined frc: the cenitoring progra:s indica:e thi' augmented syste= for processing offgas, that was in the process of being ins;alled a: the time of the FES and is discussed in Section 3.5.2, has been effective in reducing Dresden S:stion's contribu ices of radioactivity to its envirens belev the 160 can-re:/yr esti=2:e. Sun c:v of 3enefits The pri=ary benefi: frc: the centinued cperatien cf Unit 2 vill be the generation of electricity which would have to be produced.by other ceans if Uni 2 were to be retired. A: present, this veuld =ean incieis~ed production fro: higher cost units. 4 e o

e J .ne nu= er c. e=p.cyees a: the s:ation has risen frc= :he 120 a snewn :n :ne :- S :o the presen: 605 required for Units 2 and 3, not includ-ing :he contrae: securi:y fer:e. The e=ployees anc their fa=ilies are inte-grated in:o the existing infrastructures. The esti=ated payroll for the s:::icn e=ployees has risen 8:o= the $1.5 =illion shown in the FIS to ap-prcxi=ately $17.5 millien (1982 dollars) annually. In addition to the ce=- pany e=ployees, the contrac: security fe'rce provides e= ploy =ent opportuni-ties for local resicents. The preperty taxes fer the station have risen frc= the 51.'3 =il-lier annual figure shewn in the FIS :o S2.2 millien for 1951 taxes paid in 19El, all of whi:h goes :: ".ccal taxing bedies. The 1983 budge: for centract pay =ents, which include refueling, =ain:enance and vaste dispcsal is es:i=a:ed :c be approxi=a:ely $11.5 =il-l i'e n. These centra::s are based en c =petitive bics sc that no esti= ate can be'=ade as te the =ene:ary.alue :e the local e: enc =y. Su=na ry o f Cos t s Cen:inued operation of Uni: 2 vill ex:end the use of the 2500 acres c:.,anc decica:ed to :he s:stion and coeling pone. .ne.ogging and icing cenditiens have beer =itigated by use of fog f er.ces, covered bridge and highway warning signs.

• 4ater use effects will be extended, however, no significant i= pacts have been detected during either closed cycle or =odi-fied cpen cycle operatien.

Eielegical effe::s such as entrain =ent and

.O a ! i pinge en: have been =onitored en_ the results show tha: there have been no per:anen: i= pac:s. n fact, :he cperation of the cooling syste= in the indirect open cycle = ode results in i= proved water ~ quality and a 4 contribution of fish which escape :o :he Illinois River. Operation of the cooling lake has no: resulted in nuisance growths of algae and subsequent 1 l - control ceasures have not been required. Radiolorical Effects Operation of Dresden Sta: ion will no: resul: in total : dioactive effluent releases beyond allowable li=its prescribed in Title 10 CFR. Parts 20 and 30 and 40 CFR Par: 190. 4 3 4 1160E

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