ML20059G963

Summary of 930802-03 Meeting w/ABB-CE in Windsor,Ct to Obtain Latest Info on Evolving Design of CE Sys 80+ Hms. List of Meeting Attendees & Handouts Encl

ML20059G963
Person / Time
Site:	05200002
Issue date:	10/29/1993
From:	Mike Franovich Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
NUDOCS 9311090211
Download: ML20059G963 (84)

Text

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5 Docket No.52-002 October 29, 1993 APPLICANT: ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. (ABB-CE)

PROJECT:

CE System 80+

SUBJECT:

PUBLIC MEETING OF AUGUST 2 AND 3, 1993, TO DISCUSS THE STATUS OF THE CE SYSTEM 80+ HYDR 0 GEN MITIGATION SYSTEM (HMS) i On August 2 and 3,1993, a public meeting was held at the ABB-CE offices in Windsor, Connecticut, between representatives of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and ABB-CE.

The purpose of the meeting was to obtain the l

l latest information on the evolving design of CE System 80+ HMS. The l

information presented in the meeting was used during a two-day internal NRC i

meeting (August 10 and 11, 1993), where the staff convened a panel of experts j

to evaluate the adequacy of the HMS. provides the list of l

attendees. Enclosure 2 contains the material provided by ABB-CE during their i

presentation. Enclosure 3 contains three-dimensional views of the System 80+

containment using the computer based PASCE drawing system.

i f

l ABB-CE committed to provide the staff with a list of criteria used by ABB-CE to locate the hydrogen igniters within the System 80+ containment and to provide their hydrogen sensitivity studies using MAAP 4.0.

These sensitivity studies will include the effect of varying the vent area of the in-containment l

refueling water storage tank.

l The information obtained from ABB-CE during the August 2 and 3, 1993, meeting was essential to the staff's evaluation of the HMS during the August 10 and l

11, 1993, internal meeting. A generic set of design criteria for locating hydrogen igniters within advanced containments was developed during the August 10 and 11, 1993 meeting. With respect to hydrogen control, the staff used the design criteria to evaluate the System 80+ containment design.

The l

results of the August 10 and 11, 1993, meeting were presented to ABB-CE on l

August 12, 1993, in a public meeting at NRC headquarters. A full discussion l

of the results of these meetings related to hydrogen control is presented in the August 12, 1993, meeting summary.

i l

(Original signed by)

Michael X. Franovich, Project Manager Standardization Project Directorate l

Associate Directorate for Advanced Reactors l

and License Renewal l

Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation

Enclosures:

As stated cc w/ enclosures:

9311090211 931029 See next page PDR ADOCK 05200002 A

PDR DISTRIBUTION w/ enclosures:

Decket File PDST R/F DCrutchfield FOR MFranovich PShea DjSTRIBUTION w/o enclosures:

WTravers ACRS (11)

Thurley/FMiraglia RBorchardt JMoore, 15818 EJordan, MNBB3701 SMgruder RBarrett, 8D1 JKudrick, 8D1 MSnodderly, 801 TWambach D"i':[""[U [( h 5 hh h CFC:

LA:PD ADAR PM:PD iADAR SC:PD ADAR 3

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NAME: PShe DATE: 10 93 10p_3 /93 10/f/93 h3 0FFICIAL R CORD COPY:

DOCUMENT NAME: MSUM0802.MXF v

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l ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

Docket No.52-002 cc:

Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Acting Director Nuclear Systems Licensing ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

i 1000 Prospect Hill Road Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 i

Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Manager Washington Nuclear Operations ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

12300 Twinbrook Parkway, Suite 330 Rockville, Maryland 20852 1

Mr. Stan Ritterbusch Nuclear Systems Licensing ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

)

1000 Prospect Hill Road Post Office Box 500 Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. Sterling Franks U.S. Department of Energy NE-42 i

Washington, D.C.

20585 l

Mr. Steve Goldberg i

Budget Examiner 725 17th Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C.

20503 l

l

.Mr. Raymond Ng i

776 Eye Street, N.W.

Suite 300 Washington, D.C.

20006 Josepi3 R. Egan, Esquire Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge 1

2300 N Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C.

20037-1128 Mr. Regis A. Matzie, Vice President Nuclear Systems Development ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

1000 Prospect Hill Road Post Office Box 500 Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. Victor G. Snell, Director Safety and Licensing AECL Technologies 9210 Corporate Boulevard Suite 410 Rockville, Maryland 20850 m

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LIST OF ATTENDEES FOR THE AUGUST 2 AND 3, 1993, MEETING ON THE STATUS OF THE SYSTEM 80+ HYDROGEN MITIGATION SYSTEM i

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!L@E ORGANIZATION

]

J. Kudrick NRC l

M. Snodderly NRC 4

S. Ritterbusch ABB-CE M. Jacob ABB-CE l

R. Schneider ABB-CE S. Streetman DESI l

T. Williams DESI l

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AGENDA AUGUST 2, 1993 1:00 NRC OBJECTIVES FOR MEETING 1:30 STATUS OF ABB/CE IGNITER SYSTEM FOR SYSTEM 80+

2:30 PASCE WALK-THROUGH OF CONTAINMENT FOR IGNITER PLACEMENT REVIEW 3:00 DISCUSSION / FEEDBACK 4:00 CONDENSATION OF HYDROGEN OPEN ITEMS LIST 4:30 SCHEDULES AUGUST 3, 1993 8:30 DISCUSSION OF SEVERE ACCIDENT OPEN ITEMS 9:30 NRC POSITION ON PROPOSED ISSUE RESOLUTION i

10:00

SUMMARY

MEETING WITH ABB MANAGEMENT 11:00 ACTION ITEMS u

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SUMMARY

STATUS OF THE ABB / CE HYDR 0 GEN IGNITER SYSTEM i

ABB/CE HYDR 0 GEN MITIGATION SYSTEM 0

66 IGNITERS IN THE UPPER COMPARTMENT COVERING 33 REGIONS LOCATIONS SELECTED BASED ON:

PRESENCE OF A HYDROGEN SOURCE o

IRWST VENTS (DISCHARGES FROM SDS/PSV) o REGIONS SURROUNDING RCS PIPING o

REACTOR CAVITY REGION (FOLLOWING VB) 4

--- DOMINANT CONTAINMENT FLOWPATHS o

ALONG NATURAL CONVECTION PATHWAYS

--- STAGNANT / DEAD REGIONS NO IGNITERS PLACED INSIDE IRWST i

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Containment Atmosphere Mixing in System 80+ Des'ign i

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IRWST CONCENTRATIONS WILL BE TYPICALLY MAINTAINED BELOW 10 VOLUME PERCENT FOR SB0 AND LOCA TO CONTAINMENT.

SDS VALVE LOCAS EXHIBIT PERIODS OF HIGH HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION, HOWEVER MIXTURE SHOULD BE OXYGEN STARVED AND INERT.

i 0

TO ENSURE HIGH RELIABILITY, ALL IGNITERS CAN BE POWERED OFF j

STATION POWER, DIESELS AND COMBUSTION TURBINE.

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33 IGNITERS (MINIMUM SET) CAN BE POWERED DIRECTLY OFF 0F THE l

BATTERIES.

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OBSERVATIONS OF LEAN DETONATIONS AND EXTRAPOLATIONS INVESTIGATIONS HYDROGEN-AIR H2/ STEAM / AIR BRETON 18 %

SANDIA COMPENDIUM l

ON HYDROGEN BEHAVIOR 15 %

HDT 9.5% (*)

13.2%

11.5%(+)

FLAME FACILITY 15 %

l NAS RECOMMENDATION 9-11%

13 %

BEHRENS 15 %

20.0%

SHEPARD (EXTRAPOLATIONS) 10 % (*) CONSERVATIVE

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11. 9% (+)

I DOROFEEV 12.5%

i

SHERMAN/BERMAN RANKING EVALUATION OF SYSTEM 80+ CONTAINMENT GEOMETRIES INDICATES MOST GE0METRIES ARE RANKED EITHER NEUTRAL TO DETONATIONS, OR DIFFICULT TO DETONATE (CLASSES 3

AND 4).

REGIONS ARE OPEN WITH FEW l

OBSTRUCTIONS AND CONSIDERABLE VENTING.

l SOME LIMITED REGIONS (SUCH AS REACTOR CAVITY, SG COMPARTMENT AND PZR COMPARTMENT) ARE CLASS 2 REGIONS BASED ON THIS RANKING DRY MIXTUTURES OF AIR AND HYDROGEN ARE POSSIBLE BUT UNLIKELY FOR LOCAL HYDROGEN CONCENTRATIONS BELOW 15%.

i-j STEAM / AIR / HYDROGEN MIXTURES WILL REQUIRE GREATER HYDROGEN CONCENTRATIONS TO DETONATE.

1 i

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EFFECTS OF MIXING AND STRATIFICATION FOR SHORT TIME PERIODS CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS CAN EXIST IN THE CONTAINMENT.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT IS DRIVEN BY :

1.

RATE OF INTRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN INTO THE COMPARTMENT 2.

EFFECTIVENESS OF NATURAL CIRCULATION 3.

AVAILABILITY OF SPRAYS 1

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COMMENTS ON HDR MIXING STUDIES HDR REPRESENTS A COMPARTMENTALIZED CONTAINMENT.

THIS FACILITY IS NOT CONDUCIVE TO MIXING.

INJECTION LOCATIONS USED FOR THE TESTS INCLUDED A LOW POINT INJECTION AT THE +2 M ELEVATION AND A HIGH POINT INJECTION AT 21 M.

THE TEST PERFORMED WITH THE LOW POINT INJECTION (SOMEWHAT TYPICAL OF SYSTEM 80+ AND PWRS) SHOW GOOD MIXING OF THE INJECTED GAS, STEAM AND l

AIR.

i FOR TEST WITH A HIGH POINT INJECTION E11.2, TWO REGIONS DEVELOPED, ONE BELOW THE INJECTION POINT AND ONE AB0VE.

THE REGION ABOVE THE INJECTION POINT WAS WELL MIXED AT A GAS CONCENTRATION CONSIDERABLY

{

AB0VE THAT AT THE LOWER REGION.

THIS SITUATION IS NOT TYPICAL OF LARGE i

DRY PWRS WITH WELL VENTILATED REGIONS AND NEAR FLOOR DISCHARGES.

l (HOWEVER, THIS MAY INDICATE LOW H2 CONTENT IN CLOSED REGIONS BELOW THE l

BREAK SUCH AS THE REACTOR CAVITY.)

i

APPLICATION OF MIXING ISSUES TO SYSTEM 80+

SYSTEM 80+ SHOULD EXHIBIT REASONABLY GOOD MIXING BEHAVIOR.

1 1.

HYDROGEN TRANSPORTED FROM RCS CHIMNEY BY NATURAL CIRCULATION FLOW 2.

MOST SIGNIFICANT HYDROGEN GENERATION TAKES PLACE OVER A LIMITED TIME FRAME (LESS THAN 1 HOUR) 4 3.

RELEASE OCCURS AT OR SLIGHTLY ABOVE FLOOR LEVEL WHEN IGNITERS CONTROL THE HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION TO BELOW 7 %, A 1.2 FACTOR FOR LOCAL EFFECTS WILL MAINTAIN THE LOCAL CONCENTRATION 4

TO 8.4 VOLUME PERCENT.

THIS LEVEL IS WELL BELOW THE LIMIT FOR THE 4

l ONSET OF LEAN DETONATION.

i l

I i

i

l CONSEQUENCE OF LOCAL DETONATIONS ISSUE:

WHAT IS IMPACT OF LOCAL DETONATIONS ON CONTAINMENT INTEGRITY l

CONTAINMENT REGIONALIZED INTO 7 REGIONS 1.

HVAC HEADER 2.

OUTER CRANE WALL ANNULUS 3.

INNER CRANE WALL 4.

DOME 5.

RCS REGION / LOWER COMPARTMENT 6

REACTOR CAVITY 7.

IRWST 4

l IMPACT OF 10 AND 13 V/0 DETONATIONS COMPUTED BASED ON l

A. TNT EQUIVALENT METHODOLOGY (POINT EXPLOSION) j B. WORK OF TIEZEN STRUCTURAL RESPONSE ESTIMATED USING SDF DYNAMIC MODELS i

i

RESPONSE OF SYSTEM 80+ TO LOCAL DETONATIONS SYSTEM 80+ STRUCTURES CAN WITHSTAND LOCALIZED DETONATIONS BASED ON THE SDF ANALYTICAL METHODS.

A.

OPEN SHELL LIMITED TO DUCTILITY OF 1 (ELASTIC RANGE)

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES OF TYPICAL DYNAMIC AMPLITUDE REDUCTION FOR IMPULSIVE LOAD IS BETWEEN.05 AND 0.2 FOR EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD SHELL ABLE TO SURVIVE DIRECT DETONATION LOADING i

B.

CONCRETE STRUCTURES TAKEN TO DUCTILITY OF 3 (EXTENSIVE CRACKING BUT i

INTACT) i IMPULSIVE LOAD REDUCTION BASED ON 100 MS PERIOD OF STRUCTURE IS l

ABOUT 0.15.

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES SUGGEST THAT NEED TO BE i

MAINTAINED INTEGRAL MUST HAVE STATIC CAPACITIES OF BETWEEN 20 TO 50 PSI.

l i

i i

Docket No.52-002 October 29, 1993 APPLICANT: ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. (ABB-CE)

PROJECT:

CE System 80+

SUBJECT:

PUBLIC MEETING 0F AUGUST 2 AND 3, 1993, TO DISCUSS THE STATUS OF T'iE CE SYSTEM 80+ HYDR 0 GEN MITIGATION SYSTEM (HMS)

On August 2 and 3, 1993, a public meeting was held at the ABB-CE offices in Windsor, Connecticut, between representatives of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory l

Commission (NRC) and ABB-CE.

The purpose of the meeting was to obtain the I

latest information on the evolving design of CE System 80+ HMS. The j

information presented in the meeting was used during a two-day internal NRC meeting (August 10 and 11, 1993), where the staff convened a panel of experts to evaluate the adequacy of the HMS. provides the list of attendeos. contains the material provided by ABB-CE during their i

presentation. Enclosure 3 contains three-dimensional views of the System 80+

l containment using the computer based PASCE drawing system.

i ABB-CE committed to provide the staff with a list of criteria used by ABB-CE l

to locate the hydrogen igniters within the System 80+ containment and to provide their hydrogen sensitivity studies using MAAP 4.0.

These sensitivity I

studies will include the effect of varying the vent area of the in-containment i'

refueling water storage tank.

The information obtained from ABB-CE during the August 2 and 3, 1993, meeting was essential to the staff's evaluation of the HMS during' the August 10 and 11, 1993, internal meeting. A generic set of design criteria for locating hydrogen igniters within advanced containments was developed during the August 10 and 11, 1993 meeting. With respect to hydrogen control, the staff used the design criteria to evaluate the System 80+ containment design. The results of the August 10 and 11, 1993, meeting were presented to ABB-CE on August 12, 1993, in a public meeting at NRC headquarters. A full discussion of the results of these meetings related to hydrogen control is presented in the August 12, 1993, meeting summary.

(Original signed by)

Michael X. Franovich, Project Manager Standardization Project Directorate Associate Directorate for Advanced Reactors and License Renewal Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation Enclosures As stated j

cc w/ enclosures:

9311090211 931029 See next page PDR ADOCK 05200002 A

PDR DISTRIBUTION w/ enclosures:

Docket File PDST R/F DCrutchfield PDR MFranovich PShea DISTRIBUTION w/o enclosures:

WTravers ACRS (11)

TMurley/FMiraglia RBorchardt JMoore, 15B18 EJordan, MNBB3701 SMagruder RBarrett, 801 JKudrick, 8D1 MSnodderly, BD1 TWambach 0FC:

LA:PDS :ADAR PM:PDS ~~DAR SC:PD R

(?"! ' r"" M h h 5

MXFrin ph:tz RArchitzel NAME: PShe 3

DATE: 10 93 10/23/93 10/1993

/y) 0FFICIAL R CORD COPY:

DOCUMENT NAME: MSUMOB02.MXF i

l

ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

Docket No.52-002 cc:

Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Acting Director Nuclear Systems Licensing ABS-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

1000 Prospect Hill Road Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Manager Washington Nuclear Operations ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

12300 Twinbrook Parkway, Suite 330 Rockville, Maryland 20852 Mr. Stan Ritterbusch Nuclear Systems Licensing ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

1000 Prospect Hill Road Post Office Box 500 Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. Ster' ling Franks U.S. Department of Energy NE-42 Washington, D.C.

20585 Mr. Steve Goldberg Budget Examiner 725 17th Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C.

20503

.Mr. Raymond Ng 1776 Eye Street, N.W.

Suite 300 Washington, D.C.

20006 Joseph R. Egan, Esquire Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge 2300 N Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C.

20037-1128 Mr. Regis A. Matzie, Vice President Nuclear Systems Development ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc.

1000 Prospect Hill Road Post Office Box 500 Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. Victor G. Snell, Director Safety and Licensing AECL Technologies 9210 Corporate Boulevard Suite 410 Rockville, Maryland 20850

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..=. -. _. -

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j LIST OF ATTENDEES FOR THE AUGUST 2 AND 3, 1993, MEETING ON THE STATUS OF THE SYSTEM 80+ HYDROGEN MITIGATION SYSTEM j

g3Mg ORGANIZATION i

J. Kudrick NRC NRC 1

M. Snodderly.

ABB-CE S. Ritterbusch M. Jacob ABB-CE R. Schneider ABB-CE S. Streetman DESI T. Williams DESI l

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i AGENDA AUGUST 2, 1993 1:00 NRC OBJECTIVES FOR MEETING 1:30 STATUS OF ABB/CE IGNITER SYSTEM FOR SYSTEM 80+

2:30 PASCE WALK-THROUGH OF CONTAINMENT FOR IGNITER PLACEMENT REVIEW i

3:00 DISCUSSION / FEEDBACK 4:00 CONDENSATION OF HYDROGEN OPEN ITEMS LIST 4:30 SCHEDULES AUGUST 3, 1993 8:30 DISCUSSION OF SEVERE ACCIDENT OPEN ITEMS 9:30 NRC POSITION ON PROPOSED ISSUE RESOLUTION 10:00

SUMMARY

MEETING WITH ABB MANAGEMENT 11:00 ACTION ITEMS i

\\

SUMMARY

STATUS OF THE ABB / CE HYDR 0 GEN IGNITER SYSTEM 1

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SYSTEM OBJECTIVES i

l 0

PROVIDE A COST EFFECTIVE, HIGHLY RELIABLE AND REDUNDANT SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLED IGNITION OF HYDROGEN DURING A SEVERE ACCIDENT i

O PRECLUDE GLOBAL HYDROGEN DETONATIONS IN CONTAINMENT BY LIMITING HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION IN ANY NON-INERTED CONTAINMENT REGION TO BELOW 7 VOLUME PERCENT HYDROGEN.

l 0

FOR SITUATIONS IN THE IRWST WHEN THE HYDROGEN CONCENTRATIONS l

EXCEEDS 10 VOLUME PERCENT THE RESULTANT MIXTURE WILL BE INERTED O

POTENTIAL OCCURRENCE OF LOCAL DETONATIONS DUE TO LOCALIZED IGNITER l

FAILURE, WILL NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO FAIL CONTAINMENT 0

OPERATION OF SYSTEM WILL NOT CAUSE LOSS OF EQUIPMENT NECESSARY FOR SEVERE ACCIDENT MANAGEMENT l

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1 ABB/CE HYDR 0 GEN MITIGATION SYSTEM 0

66 IGNITERS IN THE UPPER COMPARTMENT COVERING 33 REGIONS i

LOCATIONS SELECTED BASED ON:

PRESENCE OF A HYDROGEN SOURCE 1

IRWST VENTS (DISCHARGES FROM SDS/PSV) o i

o REGIONS SURROUNDING RCS PIPING o

REACTOR CAVITY REGION (FOLLOWING VB) i

--- DOMINANT CONTAINMENT FLOWPATHS o

ALONG NATURAL CONVECTION PATHWAYS-

--- STAGNANT / DEAD REGIONS NO IGNITERS PLACED INSIDE IRWST i

i 1

ABB/CE HYDR 0 GEN MITIGATION SYSTEM (CONT'D) 0 MULTIPLE LEVELS OF IGNITERS PROVIDED ALONG CONTAINMENT l

FLOWPATHS TO MINIMIZE POTENTIAL OF IGNITER BYPASS 1

0 ON THE AVERAGE EACH IGNITER COVERS 50,000 CUBIC FEET OF CONTAINMENT ATMOSPHERE O

IGNITERS ARE TYPICALLY LOCATED ABOVE THE HYDROGEN SOURCE AND SEVERAL FEET BELOW SOLID WALLS TO MAXIMIZE BURNER EFFECTIVENESS 0

UNITS ARE SHIELDED TO PREVENT SPRAY COOLING l

0 IGNITERS POWERED BY DIVERSE / REDUNDANT SOURCES 4

Containment Atmosphere Mixing in System 80+ Des'ign 4

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i IRWSTbESIGNPHILOSOPHY 4

O IRWST ATMOSPHERE WILL BE TYPICALLY INERTED (DUE TO THE EVACUATION 0F OXYGEN DUE TO STEAMING AND HYDROGEN ACCUMULATION ) FOR MOST OF i

THE SEVERE ACCIDENT TRANSIENT l

0 LACK OF IGNITION

SOURCES, OPEN GE0 METRY AND RELATIVE COOL TEMPERATURES KEEPS THE HYDROGEN DETONATION POTENTIAL LOW.

O IRWST HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION TO BE CONTROLLED VIA VENTING.

VENT AREA FOR IRWST EXPECTED TO BE INCREASED TO 1000 SQ. FT FROM ABOUT 100 FT2.

WITH VENTS TO BE MANUALLY OPENED.

AT THIS VENTING LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF HYDROGEN IN IRWST TYPICALLY IS LIMITED TO 10 TO 20 VOLUME PERCENT.

O STRENGTH OF IRWST TO BE SUFFICIENT TO ACCOMMODATE DEFLAGRATION / DETONATION LOADING WITHOUT FAILURE OF MAJOR COMPONENT SUPPORT OF CONTAINMENT SHELL.

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FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM 80+ IGNITER SYSTEM 0

DETAILED MAAP ANALYSES OF THE HMS FOLLOWING VARIOUS SEVERE ACCIDENT SCENARIOS WITH 100% EQUIVALENT OXIDATION OF THE ACTIVE CLAD ZIRCALOY, INDICATES THAT WITH HMS IN OPERATION THE MAXIMUM REGIONAL HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION WILL BE BELOW 7 VOLUME PERCENT AWAY FROM SOURCE AND UNDER 10 VOLUME PERCENT IN THE VICINITY 0F A SOURCE WITH NO LOCAL IGNITER.

TYPICAL SUSTAINED REGIONAL TEMPERATURES WILL BE LESS THAN 400 F AND AVERAGE SYSTEM PRESSURES WILL BE BELOW 50 PSIA.

(

ISOLATED SHORT DURATION LOCAL TEMPERATURE SPIKES OF 1000 F POSSIBLE.

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ANALYSES INCLUDED:

l 1.

STATION BLACK 0UT TRANSIENTS 2.

STUCK OPEN SDS VALVE 3.

SMALL LOCA i

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IRWST RESPONSE 0

IRWST CONCENTRATIONS WILL BE TYPICALLY MAINTAINED BELOW 10 VOLUME PERCENT FOR SB0 AND LOCA TO CONTAINMENT.

SDS VALVE LOCAS EXHIBIT PERIODS OF HIGH HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION, HOWEVER MIXTURE SHOULD BE OXYGEN STARVED AND INERT.

j 0

TO ENSURE HIGH RELIABILITY, ALL IGNITERS CAN BE POWERED OFF l

STATION POWER, DIESELS AND COMBUSTION TURBINE.

l 0

33 IGNITERS (MINIMUM SET) CAN BE POWERED DIRECTLY OFF 0F THE BATTERIES.

l 4

i l>

COMMENTS ON LEAN DETONABILITY LIMIT CONSIDERABLE UNCERTAINTY EXISTS AS TO THE LOWER LIMIT OF DETONATION IN ADDITION TO CONCENTRATION THE LEAN DETONABILITY LOWER LIMIT HYDR 0 GEN CONCENTRATION LIMIT IS INFLUENCED BY:

1.

GEOMETRY 2.

MIXTURE COMPOSITION 3.

MIXTURE TEMPERATURE i

i m

.. - ~. -

, - ~ - - -.. -, - - _ _, - -. - -. _. -

- - - -, - - ~. - -.. - _. - ______ _ __

OBSERVATIONS OF LEAN DETONATIONS AND EXTRAPOLATIONS INVESTIGATIONS HYDROGEN-AIR H2/ STEAM / AIR BRETON 18 %

SANDIA COMPENDIUM ON HYDROGEN BEHAVIOR 15 %

HDT 9.5% (*)

13.2%

11.5%(+)

FLAME FACILITY 15 %

4 l

NAS RECOMMENDATION 9-11%

13 %

BEHRENS 15 %

20.0%

SHEPARD (EXTRAPOLATIONS) 10 % (*) CONSERVATIVE l

11. 9% (+)

DOROFEEV 12.5%

i i

l IMPLICATIONS OF LEAN DETONABILITY LIMIT AND SYSTEM 80+

WHILE LEAN DETONATIONS CAN OCCUR AT H2 CONCENTRATIONS DOWN TO 10 VOLUME PERCENT, THE MIXTURE MUST HAVE NO SIGNIFICANT DILUTENT AND ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING FACILITATORS IS REQUIRED 1.

FAVORABLE GE0 METRY (SH0CK TUBE WITH PERIODIC OBSTACLES) i 2.

HIGH INITIAL TEMPERATURES (TYPICALLY AROUND 200 F) 3.

INITIAL CHARGE FOR PRACTICAL REACTOR CONDITIONS THE REALISTIC LOWER LIMIT IS 12 j,

TO 13 V/0 NOTE SEVERAL HYDROGEN DEFLAGRATION TESTS HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED UP TO 30 % H2 (IN AIR) WITHOUT EXPERIENCING A DETONATION.

BECAUSE OF LARGE

VOLUME, THREAT OF DETONATION IN CONTAINMENT CONSIDERED LOW FOR SYSTEM 80+ EVEN WITHOUT PRESENCE OF AN IGNITER SYSTEM TO PREVENT A GLOBAL BURN OF GREATER THAN 10 V/0 IN CONTAINMENT THE IGNITER SYSTEM NEED ONLY REMOVE 650 LBM 0F HYDROGEN OR 10 LBM OF HYDROGEN PER IGNITER.

l 1

1 1

i SHERMdN/BERMANRANKING EVALUATION OF SYSTEM 80+ CONTAINMENT GEOMETRIES INDICATES MOST GE0METRIES ARE RANKED EITHER NEurRAL TO DETONATIONS, OR DIFFICULT TO DETONATE (CLASSES 3

AND 4).

REGIONS ARE OPEN WITH FEW OBSTRUCTIONS AND CONSIDERABLE VENTING.

SOME LIMITED REGIONS (SUCH AS REACTOR CAVITY, SG COMPARTMENT AND PZR COMPARTMENT) ARE CLASS 2 REGIONS BASED ON THIS RANKING DRY MIXTUTURES OF AIR AND HYDROGEN ARE POSSIBLE BUT UNLIKELY FOR LOCAL HYDROGEN CONCENTRATIONS BELOW 15%.

STEAM / AIR / HYDROGEN MIXTURES WILL REQUIRE GREATER HYDROGEN CONCENTRATIONS TO DETONATE.

1 COMPARIS0N OF SYSTEM 80+

l TO PWRS/BWRS WITH IGNITER SYSTEMS a

1 HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION 1

REACTOR TYPE VOLUME PERCENT 100 % MWR ICE CONDENSER 25 MARK III 33 LARGE DRY 13-16 SYSTEM 80+

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6 4

EFFECTS OF MIXING AND STRATIFICATION FOR SHORT TIME PERIODS CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS CAN EXIST IN THE CONTAINMENT.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT IS DRIVEN BY :

1.

RATE OF INTRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN INTO THE COMPARTMENT 2.

EFFECTIVENESS OF NATURAL CIRCULATION 3.

AVAILABILITY OF SPRAYS i

i i

i

i MIXING EXPERIMENTS l

EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMS ON MIXING OF HYDROGEN WITHIN CONTAINMNET INCLUDE 1.

HEDL STUDY 2.

CEA STUDY 3.

HDR TESTS 4.

NUPEC TESTS

~

VARIATIONS IN CONCENTRATIONS TYPICALLY EXHIBIT CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS C,x / C,yo 0F 1.2 OR LESS FOR CONTAINMENT POSITIONS ABOVE THE RELEASE POINT.

FOLLOWING INJECTION A LESS ADVERSE PROFILE IS REACHED.

CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS ARE A FUNCTION OF:

POINT OF RELEASE TIME REYNOLDS NUMBER OF INJECTION FLOW E

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4 COMMENTS 0N HDR MIXING STUDIES HDR REPRESENTS A COMPARTMENTALIZED CONTAINMENT.

THIS FACILITY IS NOT CONDUCIVE TO MIXING.

INJECTION LOCATIONS USED FOR THE TESTS INCLUDED A LOW POINT INJECTION AT THE +2 M ELEVATION AND A HIGH POINT INJECTION AT 21 M.

THE TEST PERFORMED WITH THE LOW POINT INJECTION (SOMEWHAT TYPICAL OF SYSTEM 80+ AND PWRS) SHOW GOOD MIXING OF THE INJECTED GAS, STEAM AND l

AIR.

l FOR TEST WITH A HIGH POINT INJECTION E11.2, TWO REGIONS DEVELOPED, ONE BELOW THE INJECTION POINT AND ONE AB0VE.

THE REGION AB0VE THE INJECTION POINT WAS WELL MIXED AT A GAS CONCENTRATION CONSIDERABLY AB0VE THAT AT THE LOWER REGION.

THIS SITUATION IS NOT TYPICAL OF LARGE DRY PWRS WITH WELL VENTILATED REGIONS AND NEAR FLOOR DISCHARGES.

l (HOWEVER, THIS MAY INDICATE LOW H2 CONTENT IN CLOSED REGIONS BELOW THE l

. BREAK SUCH AS THE REACTOR CAVITY.)

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APPLICATION OF MIXING ISSUES TO SYSTEM 80+

l SYSTEM 80+ SHOULD EXHIBIT REASONABLY GOOD MIXING BEHAVIOR.

1.

HYDROGEN TRANSPORTED FROM RCS CHIMNEY BY NATURAL CIRCULATION FLOW i

2.

MOST SIGNIFICANT HYDROGEN GENERATION TAKES PLACE OVER A LIMITED TIME FRAME (LESS THAN 1 HOUR) 3.

RELEASE OCCURS AT OR SLIGHTLY ABOVE FLOOR LEVEL i

WHEN IGNITERS CONTROL THE HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION TO BELOW 7 %, A 1.2 FACTOR FOR LOCAL EFFECTS WILL MAINTAIN THE LOCAL CONCENTRATION TO 8.4 VOLUME PERCENT.

THIS LEVEL IS WELL BELOW THE LIMIT FOR THE i

ONSET OF LEAN DETONATION.

t l

l l

l FLUENT MIXING ASSESSMENT NEAR IRWST VENTS OBJECTIVE:

PROVIDE SEMI-QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF EXPECTED l

HYDR 0 GEN CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS NEAR RELEASE POINT I

l APPLICATION OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS TO REPRESENTATIVE l

PROBLEM l

EFFORT CONSISTS OF TWO STEPS

1. BENCHMARK TOOL VIA APPROPRIATE MIXING EXPERIMENT i

2. PERFORM ANALYSIS ON IDEALIZED SYSTEM 80 + RELEASE GE0 METRY i

GOAL OF EFFORT IS TO ESTABLISH CONCENTRATION GRADIENT IN ROOM WITH A HYDROGEN VENT PROBLEMS:

i l

1.

MODELS ARE IDEALIZED 2.

CODE RUN TIME EXCEEDS 24 HOURS l

d

CONSEQUENCE OF LOCAL DETONATIONS i

ISSUE:

WHAT IS IMPACT OF LOCAL DETONATIONS ON CONTAINMENT INTEGRITY CONTAINMENT REGIONALIZED INTO 7 REGIONS 1.

HVAC HEADER 2.

OUTER CRANE WALL ANNULUS 3.

INNER CRANE WALL 4.

DOME 5.

RCS REGION / LOWER COMPARTMENT 6

REACTOR CAVITY 7.

IRWST i

IMPACT OF 10 AND 13 V/0 DETONATIONS COMPUTED BASED ON A. TNT EQUIVALENT METHODOLOGY (POINT EXPLOSION) l B. WORK OF TIEZEN STRUCTURAL RESPONSE ESTIMATED USING SDF DYNAMIC MODELS i

CHARACTERISTICS OF DETONATION PULSE

)

VOLUME TNT

• TIESZEN-PERCENT EQUIVALENT LOCAL 10 PEAK PRESSURE 230 320 l

(PSIA)

DURATION (MS) 6.5 2-20 13 PEAK PRESSURE 280 425 (PSIA)

DURATION (MS) 7 2-20

• FOR STRUCTURES 25 FT FROM SOURCE AND 25 PSIA INITIAL PRESSURE 6

e

RESPONSE OF SYSTEM 80+ TO LOCAL DETONATIONS SYSTEM 80+ STRUCTURES CAN WITHSTAND LOCALIZED DETONATIONS BASED ON THE SDF ANALYTICAL METHODS.

A.

OPEN SHELL LIMITED TO DUCTILITY OF 1 (ELASTIC RANGE)

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES OF TYPICAL DYNAMIC AMPLITUDE REDUCTION FOR IMPULSIVE LOAD IS BETWEEN.05 AND 0.2 FOR EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD SHELL ABLE TO SURVIVE DIRECT DETONATION LOADING 1

B.

CONCRETE STRUCTURES TAKEN TO DUCTILITY OF 3 (EXTENSIVE CRACKING BUT l

INTACT) j IMPULSIVE LOAD REDUCTION BASED ON 100 MS PERIOD OF STRUCTURE IS ABOUT 0.15.

PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES SUGGEST THAT NEED TO BE j

MAINTAINED INTEGRAL MUST HAVE STATIC CAPACITIES OF BETWEEN 20 TO 50 PSI.

l i

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i i

RESPONSE TO RAPID CONDENSATION i

j DEFLAGRATION UNDER CONDENSING CONDITIONS STUDIED BY WHITEHALL RESULTS OF STUDIES INDICATED THAT A DEFLAGRATION CONSISTENTLY OCCURRED UPON CONDENSATION INTO THE FLAMMABLE RANGE.

THIS WAS TRUE FOR A WIDE RANGE OF HYDR 0 GEN INITIAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM 8 TO 30 l

VOLUME PER CENT.

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4 Figure 6.9 Ignition limits for Whiteshell tests in steam condensing atmosphere.

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P0TENTIAL FOR DETONATION IN SYSTEM 80+ FOLLOWING RAPID CONDENSATION SYSTEM 80+ SPRAY HEADERS ARE STAGED AXIALLY OVER 50 FEET THE MINIMUM TIME TO CONDENSE A MINIMALLY INERTED STEAM / AIR HYDROGEN MIXTURE TO A DETONABLE LEVEL (STEAM CONC ABOUT 20 V/0) REQUIRES AT I

LEAST 5 MINUTES WITH 1 SPRAY PUMP INJECTING INTO CONTAINMENT i

THIS TIME FRAME IS CONSISTENT WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF DEFLAGRATION PRIOR TO DETONATION e-se- -, - --,

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ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION VITAL EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS WILL BE LOCATED AWAY FROM DIFFUSION FLAMES IGNITERS PRODUCE SUSTAINED GLOBAL TEMPERATURES TYPICAL OF EXISTING EQ VALUES LIMITED BURNS CAN EXCEED TYPICAL EQ.

HOWEVER, NTS TESTS SUGGEST NUCLEAR EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION CAN SURVIVE EXPOSURE TO 1300 F TEMPERATURE PULSES (DUE TO BURNS) WITHOUT COMPROMISING FUNCTION.

l I

CONCLUSION EXISTING IGNITER SYSTEM PROVIDES REASONABLE ASSURANCE THAT CONATINMENT FAILURE DUE TO HYDROGEN DETONATION CAN BE PREVENTED.

THE SYSTEM 80+ IGNITION SYSTEM SATISFIES THE INTENT OF 10 CFR 50.44 AND 10 CFR 50.34 (F) AS WELL AS THE EPRI URD.

Containment Atmosphere Mixing in System 80+ Des'ign

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