ML20058J554
| ML20058J554 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 09/30/1989 |
| From: | Anspaugh L, Avdyushin S, Goldman M NRC - U.S./U.S.S.R. JOINT COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR CIVILI |
| To: | NRC - U.S./U.S.S.R. JOINT COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR CIVILI |
| References | |
| JCCCNRS-WG-7, NUDOCS 9012020110 | |
| Download: ML20058J554 (80) | |
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l US-USSR JOINT Co0RDINATING CONNITTEE-L FOR CIVILIAN NUCLEAR REACTOR SAFETY (JCCCNRS).
xzNORANDUM OF MEETINGS'
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WORKING GROUPS 7.1_AND 7.2j 4
PART 1:
WORKING GROUP 7.1 - ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT, I
The first meeting of ' working group 7.'1 of the - US-USSR Joint Coordinating Committee on Civilian Muclear ' Reactor. Safety (JCCCNRS) was held in Moscow during; tho' week.' of September '
through 22, 1989, in-accordance with thei Protocol of,the first morting of the JCCCNRS of August 31,~1988 (hereinafter called the Protocol)._
The USSR side of the working group was headed by Academician Yuri i
A.
- 3rrael, Chairman
-of the
- USSR, State.
Committee on Hydroasterology.
The US side-of1 Working Group 7 was headed by.'.
Dr. Mutray Schulman, Executive Assistant.to J the~ Director-of the office of Health, and Environmental-Research, US-Department of1 i
Energy.
A list of members of working groups and 'al3 other ~ US-USSR participants is appended as Appendix'I.
i The Environmental-Transport Working Group 7.*1' began its sessions at 13i00 on September 18, 1989.
The; two chairmen, made opening-statements and Academician Israel presented the1 first Soviet report which was
" General Assessment 'ofL the Radioactive-Contamination from Chernobyl Accident.'
' The _- seeting : vas then turned over to the Working Group leaders of 7.1, Dr. -Lynn
- Anspaugh, Divirlon 14ader fer Environmental Sciences,.
the i
Lawrence Livermore National laboratory,
'and Dr. - Sergey 2.'
Avdyushin, Director of Fedorov Institutesof Applied Geophysics.
Additional papers presented during the afternoon sessions were S.
M. Vakulovsky, ' Methodology of Application of Mobile Means and a i
Stationary Control Network for Assessing Environmental t
Radioactive Contamination Under Normal Operation and ' Accidental Situation at NPP,"
V.
M.-
- Petrov, "Modelling Transport ar.d -
Deposition of Radionuclides from-Chernobyl ' Accident,*
P.
l
- Gudiksen, M.- Dickerson, and k. Clarke, *The' Role of-Atmospheric
-Dispersion Modelling and Radiological Measurements During an t
L Energency."
The working group presentations began on September 49,c1989, with l
a report on " Complex Modelling - of Radionuclide - Transport on various scales and Its Use to solve the Problems of Restoring the source and Describing the Process of Contamination from the.
Chernobyl Accident" delivered by Dr. V. A.-Sorsilov,-followed by
- Modelling External Exposure and' Dose
- delivered by Dr. Harold Beck.
During the course of the day papers were presented as Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Trar. sport 9012O20110 890930 4
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Q-follows:
Dr.
V.
- Borsilov,
' Integrated Investigation and'*
Modelling of_ the : Radionuclide Sahavior,in, the Soil-water System:
in the Chernobyl-Eone;" - Dr. A. Nosov, ' Forecast of. Radioactive i
contamination of Water? and: Botton Sedimentation in ' Water-1 reservoirs at NPP Accidents;"
Dr.
E.
Garger,. ' Investigation, l-Podelling and Forecast of Wind Capture of : Radionuclides and
.I Secondary Radioactive Contamination in the Chernoby1 Sone;* Dr.
1 l
A.
Souv111e and. Dr.
W.'. Templeton, 'Modelling-Internal - Exposure -
J and Dosel" Dr. 2. Krushev,.* Assessment of the Ecological Effects of Natural Contamination - in.the Area of Muclear Power Plants;*
Dr. 2. - Dibobes, ' Integrated Ecological Radiological Monitoring of:
the Environmental Assessment of NFF Effect,on the Environment."
The USSR side started the presentations on September - 30, 1989, with Dr.
V.
Vetrov presenting a
report on
'Aadiological.
Monitoring - of = the Environmental Contamination over ' thel USSR Territory from the Chernobyl Accident.".This was followed-by the fellowing:
Dr.
R.
Alexakhin,.*The Problaa of Agricultural Production in the Area of Nuclear Power. Facilities;" Dr.
2.
'Dibobes,
" Environmental'. Contamination - from the Chelyabinsk-Accident of 1957;* Dr.
C.
Pavlovsky, ' Ecological: Peculiarities
.l and Medical-Biological Consequences of the : Chernobyl Accident;"
Dr.
O.
Moffman, ' Uncertainty and Model u Validation;" and Mr. - E.
Stukin, ' Monitoring-Around the Chernobyl tone.' These papers were concluded at approximately 3:00 p.m. and the groups then split Anto smaller interest groups to continue specialist to specialist i
discussions.
A primary - goal of these smaller to autually develop conclusions, recommendations, groups wasand ;proposedi i
1 other s, activities for working group 7.1. The results of these and future ide. meetings are detailed below.
On September 21, 1989, the US delegation ~ traveled to Obninsk, where the party split into two group. cr.o group concentrated en -
Invironmental Transport and the-other ' dealt with Medical-Radiological questions.
The Environmental Transport group was hosted by the Institute of l
Experimental Meteorology. At that. Institute the overall progran l
l of studies was resented b Dr. Viktor Teslenko, Director-General of the Scient fic Techni 1 Amalgamation, - which has the name l
- Taifun." Following that-overview separate discussions.among the experts were held on the subjects of atmos heric ' transport
- models, radiological -measurementa, and ecol ical. transport I
processes.
The second group visited the Institute af Medical Radiology. The overall program of studies was presented by the Read ' of. the Department for Scientific coordination, Dr. of Science (Medicine)
Yuri Skoropad.
The.US delegates found the discussion ' of the registry developed for the population that was affected by the Chernobyl accident to be of, particular interest. This Registry was discussed by Dr.
V.
Ivanov.
Additionally, the radio-biological research program was described by Dr. M. Ryabchenko.
Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport -
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The party also had the opportunity to discuss areas of possible,
- future collaboration..
The Friday, September 22, 1989, meetings were reserved for the finalisation of the. Memorandum-of Meeting and -additional opportunities for professional interaction.
The Os delegation than prepared to= travel to Kiev for a visit to the Chernobyl facility, a field trip for twelve participants to an asperimental 2aboratory base in the Chernobyl area, and ooordination meetings.
with the incoming maabers of working group 7.2.
The results of the field trip and the Chernobyl visit are to be developed and appended to this Manorandum of Meeting in the future.
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ATMOSPNERIC DISPERSION MODELING AND RADIOLOGICAL NEASURIMDfTS:
4 MMOR CONCWSIONS:
on. the basis of our discussions, it ' is clear t. sat there are considerable benefits for mutual cooperation betwton Soviet and American scientists in the area of atmospheric dispersien modeling and radioactivity measurements to improve-our respective :
emergency response capabilities.
This - autual cooperation could -
be useful throughout the' full range -of dose assessment activitie s associated with:
t o
Radioactivity
' measurements instrumentation-and l
calibration.
o Radioactivity and. meteorological data proces,singi displays, analysis. and storage.
o-Dispersion modeling approaches.
o Integration of radioactivity measurements with model predictions for source tera and dose estimation due to plume arposure and ground contamination.
Scientists within the soviet Union have~artensive experience with acnitoring in the chernobyl area ~and US-scientists have developed instrumentation and procedures for. making radioactivity measurements. In addition, scientists within both countries have modelisg experience; therefore, cooperative studies-appear to be autually beneficial.
Considerable efforts are ourrently underway in both countries within each of the above listed technical areas, however, several. gaps-in information have been identified that could be filled by exchenge of. Information -between individual scientists and by joint.research.
REC 0KKINDNIICN -
An effective approach to conducting cooperative research is to initiate -a program of autual understanding of our current modeling and sensurement methodologies by application of our respective models to the Chernobyl-data snd to US tracer data bases.
This effort should lead to the identification of future.
modeling and measurement requirements, and,.hence, needed-improvaments.
Thus, we propose that the following-tasks be undertaken on F. joint basist a
perform a series of. model sensitivity studies to evaluate the ~ uncertainties associated with various Chernobyl source tera estimates by comparison of model predictions with environmental radioactivity measurements, similar studies may be undertaken with the use of US tracer data bases.
Task Group 7.1 - Environsental Transport
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c The development of - improved dispersion. models that are '
j oapable of - simulating dispersion on variousi spatial scales that range from local e to continental scales.
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This-includes improved turbulence, precipitation, a
scavenging, and deposition parameterisations as well as wird field derivation and terrain effects.
The development of: an. efficient andi robust procedure o
for integrating the radioactivity measurements with the l
l model. predictions for reducing the. uncertainties associated with real-time - source terms: and data that -
may-be used for dose estination.-
.l The design and-oonduct of joint ~. tracer experiments to.
o evaluate the.Laproved modeling concepts and: model prediction--measurement integratlon procedures.:
The integration of dispersion models with data bases, o
computational systems, and consunications systems for real-time emergency response applications.-
PROPOSED FUTURE ACTIVITIES:
During the coming year (1990) both sides' would like to undertake a joint effort between the Institute of Experimental Meteorology-(obninsk), the Institute. of-Applied GeophysicsL (Moscow), the i
Institute of Systems Analysis Moscow), the : Lawrence 1.ivermore i
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National Laboratory (Livermore()
and the bak Ridge National 24boratory (Dak-Ridge).
This effort will consist of (1),a series 4
of model simulations of the Chernobyl accident to evaluate the 1
uneartainties associated with the preaant source-ters. estimates, (2) a continuation of and possible future involvement-by the above listed crcanization in the presentl between the Instituta cf Systems Analysis y en-g oing. effort'
.and the-~Iawrence-Livermere Fetional I4beratery to d<;velep impreved methds fer s integrating measurements with model predictions, and-(3)' initiate-future model developments.
These offorts vould require the exchange of Chernobyl data and US l
tracar data bases between the two oountries, and periodic exchanga visits-between - scientists.
. Thissincludes proposed exchangs yisits during the spring and autumn of 1990.-
It is expected that the results of the above studies-could be L
prepared by the end - of 1990.
Such studies could lead. to publications, with joint authorship, in-international scientific llournals.
5 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MODELING
MMOR CONCIESIONS:
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There is a
considerable-interest in establishing. e autual a
cooperation between the-delegations of the US and of the USSR in
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the area of environmental modeling and dose assessment.-
RECONKENDATIONSt Both sides propose to carry out research in these areas:
The comparison of methods and techniques used "in both countries to measure the concentrat, ions of
.redionuclides in environmental materials'and in man, as.
well ta exposure rates.
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The analysis of the ' abundant date R.
environmental i.
concentrations of radionuclides. inat were collected: by the soviet scientists following nuclear accidents.
The l
purpose of this analysis' would be to derive specific parameter values.that could be-used in the, assessment of consequences from nuclear accidents.
Conducting field experiments' with the-purpose of investigating parameter values - that cannot be easily-obtained from existing monitoring data, f.
Although it is outside the scope of this working.greap, the.US and USSR delegates-look forward to mutual cooperation concerning general ecological problems related to the routine operation of nuclear 1,ower plants:
siting of nuclear power plants (Protocol itan 7.5).
i radioecological monitoring and prediction of. ecological consequences (Protocol item 7.4).
information for the public on ecological issues.
In addition, interest was expressed in the area of the effects of ionizing radiation on the flora and fauna in the case-of a nuclear accident, and the following activities, mentioned in the Protocol in section 7.4, were suggested for consideration:
selection and coordinatien of parameters and subjects of investigation comparison and coordination of research programs joint experiments and observations Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport I
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development and verification of ecolo models-describing effects of -lonising radiation =gical' in oase of a
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PROPOSED FUTURE ACTIVITIts:
1 The three followin for mutual cocperation:g areas of research have been selected 2.
Selection,- comparison, and cross-calibration of methods for -
analysis of environmental contamination.
1.1. selection and ooordination of methods for sampling, radiochemical analysis and gamma-spectrometry analysis l
of radionuclides in environmental :asterial.s.
This.
would include,. for example, samples of soil' and of vegetation.
Suggested beginning for'early.1990.
2.2 Exchange of environmental samples and intercalibration-of sensurements for radionuclides.
Suggested.for mid-1990.
similar procedures. would be applied for the direct-measurement of external Arradiation- (for
- axample, comparison of results.obtained -from airborne and-ground-based radiation monitoring equipment).
The above tasks can be ech!.eved by exqhange of literature and by scientific visits to laborat'ories - followed by i
e'xchanges of samples and by opportunities to make in situ measurements.
2.
Analysis of data related to environmental monitoring and-to a:.asurements in nr.n.
2.1 Selection and coordinetien of. parameters to be %
dete mined.
Some of the. parameter-values that could be -
of interest ar. related to:
the migration of radionuclides in the soil, the run-off in water of radionuclides over the soil surface, the interception and retention of aerosols in rain l
by natural and artificial surfaces, the resuspension of particles from the soil into the atmosphere, the role of sediments in the incorporation of radionuclides by fish, etc., including desorption and resuspension, Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
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the. transfer of radionuclides. from. the er-J.r.t.
surface and from the soil-to vegetation.:end then to cattle, and to, man.-
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2.2 selection and coordination
'of.models describing' migration of radionuclides /In soils,; waters,.and ecosystems.
suggested for aid 1990.
2.3 Assessmeni of applicability 4f the selected monitoring-data
- to mathematical models for the. purpose; of-4 preliminary validation, me2ification, and improvement.-
Suggested for Spring'199c.
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2.4 Comparison of modeling results withJmonitoring data,.
and assessment of. model accuracy.
Suggested' time trnnes 1990-1991.
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' Joint experimental studies of' radioactive contamination of the environment.
l 3.1 Selection, and.- coordination of experimental sites.
Suggested beginning in early 1990.
'3.2 Comparison and coordination of' programs and research;in the selected. experimental sites.
Suggested for. Spring.
1990.
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3,3 Joint experiments, suggested for 1990-1992.
3.4 Development,-.
identification, and verificatica of-typical mathematical models designed for assassitig and predicting environmental transport in case of a :n'iclear power plant accident, suggested for 1990-1993.
3.5 Development of recor.mendations for minimitinI the 4 environmental consequences of nuclear.
accidents.
Suggested'for 1990-1993.
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RADI0 ACTIVITY INSTRUMENTATION
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CoHCWSIONS:
As a result of the-discussions regarding airborne measurements of radioactivity, several areas of potentially beneficial joint cooperation have been identified.
It is recognised that both the-USSR and Us employ analogous airborne instrumentation systaas, 1
share similar concerns regarding calibration and are - currently _
pursuing develo of closely-related new systems of.
l instrumentation. pment-It has been recognised that airborne
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asasurements provide a rapid source of-data' on the radiological-situation arising as a result of a nuclear accident.
These measurements facilitate operational control and guide predictive -
models.
2t is the intent of our cooperation to laprove 'asthods' and instrumentation systems.
The methods to be considered include airborne pensurement of radioactive deposition and-of airborne radioactivity.
The scope of these sensurements would ~ include the immediate vicinity of the accident and extend as'far downwind as i
detectable.
r RECOMMENDATIONS AND FUTURE ACTIVITIES:
1.
It is recommended that each party ' become -more familiar with their counterparts, airborne sensurement techniques,' capabilities and problems.
It is therefore proposed that reciprocal visits.be arranged for 1990.
Each visit should-provide opportunity for the host to display. and demonstrate systems of -instrumentation, well as to present technical descriptions of systems, procedures as.
L ar.d applications.
The syste=s to be displayed - and deconstrated t
should include all elements related: to airborne measurements.
These include instruments for the measurement, processing and.
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recording of the dose and energy spectrum of. gamma radiation and '
instruments for air sampling and sample analysis.. Each visit should also provide an opportunity-for ~ the guest to observe a survey conducted by the host.
- 2. It is proposed that a survey.be jointly conducted - of. a-selected region of the Chernobyl area and within the U.S.
This opportunity is proposed in order-to crc,ss-calibrate airborne systems of instrumentation.
determined at a later time.
Details of -. logistics shall be 3.
improved methods of conducting and using airborne measuremen 1
This effort could-include topics of calibration, sensitivity and*
data processing.
Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport l
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FUTURE ACTIVITY An important future activity for. those involved: with airborne measurements is the development ' of standardised practices and equipment to facilitate joint emergency action in - the event ' of future eccidents.
success in this area would require extensive dialogue in the future and may expand contacte beyond -those
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l In conclusion. -the participante-:in the Working Group 7.1 i
l meetinge trust that the JCCCNRS-will find the conclusions, recommendations and proposed future activities outlined above to.
be beneficiel as they seet in the-United States in i
Weehington, D.C. October 30-31, 1989.
For the U.S. Delegation For the USSR Delegation.
fl o-DJ a., o ynnR.Anspeh Dr Prof. Sergey 2.c Avdyushin l.
U.S. Leader of Wsrking USSR Leader of Working-broup 1.1 Group 1.1 r
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' l US PARTICIPANTS THE 3OINT US-USSR MEETING OF WORKING GROUP 7.1 ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT 22.ADER, WORKING = GROUP 7.0 Dr. Murray Schulman ' Executive Assistant to the Director for Manith and Environme,ntal Research, US Department.of Energy.
Address:
Office of Realth and Environmental Resea'rch US Department of-Energy - ER-70 Washington,'D.C.
30545 I
Telephone:301-353-3338 FAX:
301-353-3884 US NUCLEAR REGUIATORY COMMISSION PROGRAM -MANAGER FOR JCCCNRS PROTOCOL:
Dr.
Edward C.
- Shonaker, Program Manager for US-USSR.
Cooperation commission, International Programs, US Nuclear Regulatory Address:. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission 4
Mail Stop 3-H-5 s.
Washington, D.C.
30555 Telephone:301-492-0331 FAX:
301-492-0260 TELEX:
908142 NRC-BHD WSH LEADER, WORKING GROUP 7.1:
Dr. Lynn R. Anspaugh, Division Leader, Environmental sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Address:
Imwrence Livermore National Laboratory University of California P.O. Box 5507, Ir453 Livermore, California Telephone 415-422-3840 FAX:
415-423-6785
- Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
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.t MEMBERS, WORKING GROUP 7.1 Dr. Barold L.
- Beck, Director, 2nstrumentation Division, Environmental Neasurements Laboratory, os Department of Energy l
Address:
Environmental Measurements Zaboratory US Department of Ena m 376 Budsen Street L
New York, New York 10014 Telephone:212-620-3632 FAX:-
212-620-3600 o
t Dr. Andre Bouville, Imad Scientist, Assessment of Thyroid'to the_Us Public from US Weapons Tests,: National Cancer i
Institute Address:
National Cancer Institute-c/o Environmental Weasurements Zaboratory 376 Budson Street-New York, New York 1001j Telephone:212-620-3396 FAX:
212-620-3600 Dr.
Harvey
- Clark, Nuclear' Physicist, --Nuclear Radiation-Department, Aerial Weasurements operations, -EG&G Encryy Weasurements, Inc.
Address EG&G Energy Weasurements, Inc.
P.O. Box 1912 Zas Vegas, Nevada 89125 Telephone:702-295-0167 FAX:
702-295-0118 f
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Dr. Marvin M. Dickerson,._ Deputy 'DJvisio'n ' Leader, ' Atmospheric.
and Geophysical Sciences. Division, lawrence Livernere National Laboratory 1
Address:
Atmospheric and Geophyisical Sciences-Division -
Lawrence Liversore National 3aboratory University of California P.O. Box 808 : L-262 Livermore, ca,lifornia 94550 J
Telephone:415-422-1906 FAX -
415-422-5844 i
Dr. Reith F. Eckerman, Research Group Leader, Notabolism and; Dosimetry Research Group, Nealth and _ Safety Division,: Oak-Ridge National faboratory Addresst Oak Ridge National Iaboratory P.C. Box 2008 cak Kidge, Tennessee 37831-6383 Telephone:615-574-6241 FAX:
615-574-1778
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Dr.
Paul M.
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- Leader, Atmospheric :and Geophysical Sciences Division, pLawrence Livermore National Laboratory 3
Address:
University of California 4
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808,-L-262 Livermore, California-94550 H
Telephone:415-422-1913 FAX:
415-422-5844 Dr'.
F.
Owen Hoffman Research-Staff Neaber, Environmental seier.ses Division, oa,k Ridge National Laboratory e
Address:
Environmental Sciences Division' Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box X Cak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 Telephone:615-576-2118 FAX:
615-576-4946 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport -
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t Mr. Narold' T. ~ Peterson, Jr.,
Senior Nealth Physicist, Us
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission-Address:
RES/RPHEB.
Mail Stop NLS 13?
J Os Nuclear.Regulatery Commission
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Washington, D.C.
20:55
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Telephone:301-492-3640' FAX:
301-443-7804' 4
Dr. Evan M. Romney, Research Soil' Sc'ientist, Zaboratory of-Biomedical and Environmental-Sciences,-
University ' of, California I
Address:
Zaborator of Biomedical and Environmental.
Sciences,yUniversity of California 900 veteran Avenue Ims Angeles, California 90024-1786 Telephone:213-825-8776 FAX:
213-825-9433 Dr. William L.
Templeton,. Principal Scientist,. office of Hanford Environment, Battelle Pacific Northwest Zaboratories Audiese.
Battelle Pacific Northwest laboratories-P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington 99352 Telephone:509-375-3630 FAX:
.509-375-2718
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WORKING GROUP 7.1-CBSERVERS:
Dr. Marvin Goldman, Professor of Radiobiology Zaboratory-for Energy-Related Health Research, University of California Address:
Department of Radiological Sciences University of california j
Davis, California 95616-Telephone:916-752-1341 FAX:
916-752-7107 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport -
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.Dr. Imeka Kheifetsi Project Manager, Epidemiology Radiation i
Studies Program, Environment Division, Electric Power.
Research Institute-Address ' Electric Power Research Institute 3412 millview Avenue P.O. Box 10412:
Palo Alto, California 94303.
Telephone:415-855-8976 FAX:
415-855-1069
' i TELEX:
82977 EPRI UF I
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Dr. Shlomo S. Yaniv,, Senior Realth Physicist, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, US Nuclear Regulatory' Commission-Address US Nuclear Regulatory Commission i
Mail Stop NL-S/139 Washington, D.C.
20555 Telephone:301-492-3744 FAX:
301-443-7804 US STATE DEPARTMENT OBSERVER:
Ms. Ct.rol Eberhard, Huclear Science specialist, Eureau of i
Oceans and International Environmental;& Scientific Affairs US D..partsent:of State 3-Address:
CES/NTS, 7828 Lit Department of State Washington, D.C' 20520-7818' Telephone:202-647-4413 FAX:
202-647-0775 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport I
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i STATT OF THE MEETING:
Ms. Lillian R. Mathias, Administrative Assistant, Office of Health and Environmental Research,.US~ Department of Energy Address:
Office of Nealth and Environmental Research I
US Department of Energy - ER-70:
Washington, D.C.
20545 Telephone:301-353-3251 FAX:
301-353-3884 i
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4 INTERPRETERS:
Ms. Irene Firsow Mr. Josesph Lewin -
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l USSR PARTICIPANYTS
- i THE JOINT USSR-US MEETING OF WORKING GROUP 7.1
[
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT l
Corr. Hen. USSR As Yuri A.
Israel, Chairman, USSR State Committee for Ny,trometeorology.
j Address:
US3R State Committee for Rydrometeorology Paslik Morozov st., 12, 123376 Moscow D-376:
USSA Telephone:252-13-89 Telex: 411117 RUMS SU Prof. Sergey I. Avdyushin, Direct'or, E.R.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics Address: Globovskaya st., 20-b, 10'P258 Moscow B-258
(
USSR Telephone:160-08-31 Tclc)::
411914 21EYA SU l
i Acad. USSR AS Rudolf M.
Alexakhin,
- Director, All-Union Institute of Agricultural Radiology (3,4)
Address:.Rievskoye sh.,.1, 249020 Obninsk, Kalushskaya obl., USSR l
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. Telephone:2-48-02 l
Telex:
1 Dr. Lyubov 2. Anisimova, Rea earcher, E.3,Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics (4)
Address: Globovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow 3-258 USSR Telephone:160-08-31 Telex:
411914 EENLYA SU Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport e
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I Dr.. Tailla 2. Sobovnikova,' Naad ofJ Laboratory, ' Institute of' Experimental hiteorology,'STA* *Taifun"
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Address: Pr.Zanina,, 82, 249020 obninsk', Kaluzhskaya.
ob.1.. USSR Telephoner 71-807-t i
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Prof.
L.A.
Bolshov, First Deputy. Director, Institute of:
l Nuclear Safety, USSR AS (1) ' '
Address: B.Tulskapa st., 52,.113191 Moscow USSR Telephone:232-24-21 Telefax:
230-20-29 Dr. Vladimir A. Borzilov, Deputy Director, Institute of Experimental Meteorology, STA 'Taifun" (1,3)
Address: Pr.14nina, 82, 249020 obniksk,Kaluzhskaya obl., USSR Telephone:71-553
(
Dr. Yevgeny V. Chernokozhin, Senior Researcher, STA "Taifun" (1) t Address: Pr.Lenina,.82, 249020 Obninsk, Kaluzhskaya obl., USSR Telephone 71-541 Dr. V'.F. Domin, Imading Researcher, 2.V.Rurchatov Institute of Nuclear Energy.
(2,5)
Address: Pl.Rurchatova, 1, 123182 Moscow, USSR Telephone:196-94-86 Telex:
411594 SHUGA SU s
Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport Encloswa 1 e.
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l Dr. Igor R. Dibobes, Need of 2aboratory, E.R.Fedorov
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+
l 2nstitute of Applied Geophysics (2,3) i Address: elabovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Nessor D-258 j
USSR
~
Telephone:160-08-21 i
Telex:
411914 SEKLYA SU l
Dr. Yevgeny S. Dmitriev, Need of Department, E.R.Fedorov
,2notitute of Applied Geophysics (1) l Address: Slabovskaya st., 30-b,107258 Mosoow 3-258 1
i USSR Telephone:160-08-31 Telex:
411914 SENLYA SU l
Dr. Yevgeny R. Garger, Head of Department, STA *Taifun",
l Riev Division (2) l Address pr.Lenina, 82, 249020 Obninsk, Ralushskaya j
obl., USSR i
Telephone:265-13-46, 265-03-30 Dr. Andrey S. Ivanov, Mead of laboratory! E.R.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics (1)
Address: 01ebovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow S-258 USSR Telephone:160-08-31 Telex:
411914 EEMLYA SU 4
Dr. Yuri Ye. Ratakov, Deputy Mead of Department,- USSR State connittee for Hydrometeorology (2)
Address: pavlik Norosov et., 12, 123376 Moscow D-276 USSR Telephone:255-20-05 Telex:
411117 RUNS SU.
1 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
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Dr. Mikhail F. Kanevsky, Imading Researcher, Institute of I
Nuclear safety, USSR AS (1).
l Address: 3.Tulskaya st., 52, 113191 Moscow DSSR Telephone:232-24-21 FAX:
230-20-29 l
l Dr.
Lev M.
- Rhitrov, Need of Zaboratory, V.I.Vernadsky 3
2nstitute of Geochemistry any Analyticial Chemistry (1)
I Address: Rosygina st., 19, 117975 Stosoow USSR,
l Telephone:137-75-28 l
FAX:
930-20-54 Telex:
412.633 TERRA SU i
Dr. Gennady S. Kirdin, Head of Department, E.E.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics (1) t Address: Globovskaya st., 20-b, 107f54 Moscow B-258 USSR Telephone:160-08-31 Telex:
411914 1EMLY1,EU Dr. Natalya V. Klepikova, Hr.66 of Laboratory, STA 8'Taifun"
\\
(1,4)
Address: Pr.Lenina, 82, 249020 Obninsk, Kaluthakaya l
obl., USSR l
Telephone:71-541-l i
Dr. Alexey V. Ronopley, Nead of 1Aboratory, STA i
?Taifun" (3) l Address: Pr.Lenina, 82, 249020 Obninsk, Falushskaya obl., OssR Telephone:71-896 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport 4
i
i l
l i
1 1
l Dr. Mikhail A. Krupenya, Deputy b! rector-General, STA 4
"Taifun" (1,3) '
Address: Pr.tanina, 82, 349020 Obninsk, Ralushskaya l
ekl., USSR Telephone 71-820, I
i Dr. Ivan. 2. Kryshev, Zanding Researcher, STA *Taifun" Address: Pr.tanina, 82, 349020 Obninsk, Ralushakaya obl., Ussr Telephones71-836 Dr. Nikita V. Mursin, Researcher, 2.V.Rurchatov Institute of Nuclear Energy (1)
Address: Pl.Rurchatova, 1, 123182 Moscow, USSR j
Telephone:196-94-86 Telex:
411594 SNUGA SU Dr. Alexander 2. Nikitin, Naad of laborhtery, STA*Taifun" (I)
Address: Pr.1mnina, 42, 249020 obninsk, Ralushskaya obl., USSR Telephone:71-745 s
Dr. Andrey V. Nosov, Imading Engineer, -E.R.Fedorov 2nstitute of Applied Geophysics (3,4) 4 Address: 01ebovskaya st., 30-b, 107258 Moscow 5-258 USSR
'elephone:160-Os-31 T
Telex:
411914 stNLYA SU l
1 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
_ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.._.._ ___. _.~ _ _._._ _._ _ _ __ __
'I t
t i
i Prof. Vikter N. Petrov, Need of Department, E.R.Fedorov 2nstitute of Applied Geophysics (1,4)
Address Globovskaya st., 30-b, 107258 Moscow D-258-t USSR i
i Telephone:160-08-31 Telex:
411914 SIMLYA SU Dr. Viktor V. Pisarev, Need of IAberatory, E.R.Pedorov' 2nstitute of Applied seophysios (3,4)
Address clabovskaya st., 20-b, 107358 Moscow D-258 USSR a5*
i
^
Ts't eph one t '.' 6 0-08-31 Telex 411914 ED'.LYA SU Dr. Sergey Ye. Pitovranov, Senior Researcher, Institute for systems studies, Ussr As (1)
Address: Pr. 60 1st oktyabrya, 9, 117312 Poscow, USSR Telephone:135-60-73 Telefax:
135-70-86 s,
Telex 411237 POISK SU Dr. 2.N. Ryabov, Head of Department, Institute of Experiner.tal Nor;,hology and Aninal Eccac;y (2,3)
Address: Ler.insky pr., 33, 117073, Mor,eev, USSR i
Telephone:234-75-53 i
l Dr. Anatoly 2. Shereshevsky, Need of laboratory, Ukrainian Nydrometeorological Institute (1)
Address: Pr.Mauki, 37, 352028 Kiev, USSR Telephone:265-12-50, 265-84-86 Telex:
411117 RUMS su l
1 S
Task Group 7.1 Environmental Transport
i s
Dr. Arkady N. Silantyev, Need of Laboratory, STA *Taifun" (2) e Address: Pr. Kenina', 82, 249020 Obninsk, Ralushskaya
[
obl., USSR 3
Telephone:71-873 i
Mr. Yevgeny D. Stukin, Naad'of Laboratory, E.'R.Fedorov Institute of Appplied Geophysics (1,2)
Address: Slaboyskaya st.,'20-b, 107258 Moscow 3-258 CSSR Telephone:160-08-31 Telext 411914 EEMLYA SU Dr. Viktor P. Teslett, Director-General, STA 'Taifun" (1)
Addresst Pr.Lenina, 82, 249020 Obninsk, Kal'ushskaya obl., USSR' Telephonet71-558,71-706
(
Dr.01egP.Tischenko,NeedofLaboratch,E.R.Fedorov
.26stitute o,f Applied Geophysics (3)
Addresst clabovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow B-758 l
USSR Telechone:160-Of-31 I
te4 ext 4111,14 4.LMLYA SU Dr. Andrey V. Vakulenko, Senior Expert, Scientific and Technological Development Department, OsSR State Corsittee for Rydrometeorology (4)
.. Address: Pavlik Norosov st., 12, 123376 Moscow D-376 CSSR Telephone:205-47-50 Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
i I
l s
Dr. Sergey M. Vakulovsky, Dr.puty Director, STA 'Taifun" (1) i Address: Pr. tanint., 82, 249020 Orninsk, Malushskaya
.51., essR 1
Telephone:71-830 Dr. Vladimir A. Vetrov, Mead of Department, Natural Environment and Climate Monitoring laboratory (2,3)
Address 01ebovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow B-258 i
i USSR Telephone:169-20-98, 169-25-10 t
Dr. Oleg V. Voitsekhovich, Senior Researcher, Ukrainian Hydrometeorologica' Institute (3) t Address: Pr.Nauki, 37, 252028 Kiev, Ussr Telephone:265-12-50, 265-86-86 Telex 411117 RUMS SU
- sTA - scientific Technical Amalgamation i
STATT or THE MEETING:
t Mr. Alexander V. I'
,..., Researcher, E.K.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophyt. 3 (4)
Address 01ebovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow S-258 USSR l.
Telephone:160-08-31 Telex 411914 SENLYA SU 4
Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport
i y
Mr. Aleksey A. Melkov, Rupert, Deparment of International Activities, USSR State Committee for Nydrometeorology Address: Pavlik Noromov st., 13,'133376 Moscow D-376
[
USSR Telephone:252-38-73
.Mr. Alexander D. Snitkin, Deputy Naad of laboratory, E.R.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics Address: 01ebowskayast.,20-b,10[358 Moscow 3-258 USSR Ms. Natalya Yu. Vail,. Need of Department, E.K.Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophyscis l
Address: clabovskaya st., 20-b, 107258 Moscow B-358 l
USSR Telephone:160-08-31 INTERPRETERS:
Yekaterina M. Litvinova Yelena o. Ustrugova Yokatcrina A. Yakovleva i
l l
Task Group 7.1 - Environmental Transport gnclosure 1
.~
,q I
l 1
j l
US-USSR JOINT COORDINATING 00MKITTEE l
FOR l
CIVILIAN NUC12AR REACTOR SAFFW (3CCCNRS)
MENORANDUM OF MEETING 1
l FART II. WORKING SROUP 7.3 - EEALTN EFFECTS i
The first meeting of Working Sroup 7.3 of the 98-OSSR.Toint 2
coordination committee on Civilian Nuclear Reactor Safety
)
(JCCCNRs) was held in Kiev during the week of September 25, 1989, i
in accordanoe with the protocol of the first meeting of the.
l
- CCCNRs of August 31, 1988 (hereinafter called the Protocol).
The meeting was opened by Dr. Oles A. Pyatak, Deputy Di the All Union Schantific ' Contre of Radiation Medicine, restor of at 10:00 a.m.,on September 25, 1989.
Dr. Schulman also made opening i
remarks and then turned over the meeting to the working group j
leaders of 7.3.
Dr. Schulman than introduced Mr. Barold Denton l
from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, who said a few words in his capacity as the representative for Mr. James Taylor, who t
is the Co-Chairman of the #CCCNRS.
,Mr. Denton then introduoed the working group 7.3 leader, Dr. Marvin Soldman, Professor of Radiobiology of the' University of California.
Dr. Goldman made a few remarks about the importance of our work and then introduced the US team.
Then each member of the US team provided their own
(
background, professional experistice and areas of interest in relation to this meeting.
A list of members.y*orking group 7.3 is appended.
Professor Ilyt. A. Likhtarev, Soviet leader of working-group 7.3, o
presented an overview on desinatry of the Chernobyl accident.
Tatn the Soviet side presented brief reports of their work starting wit.h Dr.
taonalla N.
Kovgr.n, Senior Sciantist, Lthoratcry of Calculated Models and Radiation prognosis.
This was follewed by Dr. Ivan p.
Ins', Head of the laboratory of 'i Radioecology Dr. Victor 8. Repin, Read, taboratory of Direct and Calculated Methodst and Dr. Watalya R. Shendala, Baad, Zaboratory of Radiation standardisation.
s At the conclusion of the presentations by the Soviet side a brief discussion of the problems associated with radiation dosimetry was begun,and continued until the and of this session at 18:00 brurs.
On September ts,1989, at 9:00 a.m. the meeting opened with a presentation and discussion of the importance of the work being done in various institutes and health ministries of the Soviet Union in the years following the accident at Chernobyl.
This presentation was made by Academician Leonid A. Ilyin, Director of the Institute of Slophysics, OssR Ministry of sealth; vice-Working Sroup 7.3 - Page 1 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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President of t.he Ussr Academy of Medical Scianoes.
Academician Ilyin specifically mentioned problems with the establishment of a 35 ran lifetime dose osaaltaent in the Soviet Union, the problem the face with Public amoeptance that the government is taking all necessary measures to protect the public health and safety, and the difficult economic situation of paying the oests of the cleanup of the chernobyl accident, the follow-en population monitering and studies, and the research meesssary to earry out these ectivities.
Yhis was followed by a discussion of Radioepidenfology presented bf Professor Vladimir A. Busunov, Professor of Medicine, Director eh the Institute of Epidemiology and Prophylasis of Radiation 3r.$uries of the centre.
This was followed by presentations by Dr. Soris A.
Sedosshuk, saad, laboratory' of Registry Medical Ensuring; Dr. Vladimir N.'
Bugaev Need, Laboratory of Special Subregistress Dr. Anatoly E.
Prisyas,hniuk, Professor of
- Medicine, Naad, Laboratory of Epidaziology; Dr. Nikolay 2. Omelyanets, Professor of Medicine, Head, laboratory of Medical Demography; Dr. Sergey D.
- Dragan, Weed, laboratory of cesputer Systems; and Dr. Viktor P. Antonov, Naad, Laboratory of Radiation Protection.
i l
In the afternoon sessiert we beard from Dr. Vladimir P.
- Domin, Leading Scientist, Department of Nuclear EnerTy Safety at the Rurchatov Institute for Atomic Energy; Dr. Victor A. Knishnikov,
- Mead, IAboratory of Radiation Safety of population of the Institute of Slophysics USSR Ministry of Realth.- The remainder of the, afternoon was use,d for separate sessioris with small Troups of interest.
On September 27, 1989, Dr. TRdimir o. Debeshko, Professor of Fedicine, Director of the Institute of Clinical R':diology of the Ler.tre, preswnted an overview of clinical monitoring being cenducted after the Chernobyl Accident.
This was fellowed b Jz.ctely A. Churak, Head, laboratory of Clinical Ir.r.unology;y Dr.
Dr.
Anatoly R.
Chaban
- Naad, Department of Endocrinology; Dr.
Angelint 2. Niagu,,Noad, Department-of Neurology; Dr. Boris P.
Prevarski, Boad, Department of Radiation Pathology; Dr. Inna M.
Rhomariuk,
- Naad, De Peliks S. Torubarov, partmentNead, Department of Neurology, gy; Institute of of Clinical cardiolo and Dr.
Biophysic.
In the afternoon every sub-group set separately to develop its conclusions, recommendations and proposed areas of cooperation.
This work coni.inued for all of September l'8, 1989 and part of September 29th.
t Work.ing Group 7.2 - Page 3 i
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects Enclosure f
i l
\\
The basic style of the meeting was to present one' major topic area each day.
Formal presentations were given in each area with time for questions and answers by both ' sides.
Following that sub-groups were established to facilitate more specific
.. discussions between a pecialists and experts on both sides.
The s
conclusions, recommentations, and proposed areas of future oooperation for each of these areas are provided below.
The US side largely reserved its presentations to one-on-one situations 1
with their counterpart Soviet colleagues in the separate i
discussions.
Additionally, the leaders of the working Troup 7.3 meetings took the opportunity to discuss a broader range of problems related to Chernobyl issues.
These meetings were held with all working
- group leaders and Academician Emonid A. Ilyin.
The main thrust of these meetings was a candid exchange of problems on both sides.
The Soviets indicated that they have a unique fund - of data in relation to the Chernobyl accident and that many other nations have approached them to participate in various forms of 4
t cooperation.
They are concerned that whatever research or i
cooperative activities are carried out must be accurate, suet add credibility to all participants, and must live up to public scrutiny.
The Us side soapletely agreed with these points.
Additionally, the soviets mentioned the ooanon problem of funding i
and non-convertible currency.
The items that cause particular problems are the need for specific equipment and funding for exchanges of experts in each country.
The Soviets clearly presented the fact that they need to have' Rest Country payments as a plan for future working group 7.2 sectigs and hat future i
work will depend upon fundings as a major probles.
While their data is clearly not for sale, they candidly seek accommodationr for future work that will ease their hard currency problaas.
The t'r side stated that flest Country Peyte.-t will be a topf.c at the JCCCNRS meeting scheduled for October 30 and 31,
- 1989, in Wa shia.7 ton, D. C., end that bett ef fertr vj al be expended to try and fino a reasonable method to anist this hard currency
- problem.
Eastly, the US side noted that Academician Ilyin has been invited to the JCCCNRS meeting in october and that his presence before that body could be most helpful to the resolution of these economic problems.
l The following are the recommendations, conditions and proposed areas of cooperation from the sub-groups that were formed during the meetings.
I e
Working Group 7.2 - Page 3 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
=. -.... - -.
7.2.1 - PHYSICAL DOSINETRY OF EXPOSED INDIVIDUALS CONCLUSIONS:
on the basis of the discussion, it is clear that there are considerable benefits for mutual cooperation between the. Soviet i
and American scientists in the area of internal and external radiation dosimetry.
This cooperation could laprove technical capabilities in the area of dose reconstruction, 4ose projection, and dose management activities. This autual.oooperation could be i
useful throughout the full range of dose assessoent activities associated with the following:
madioepidemiological studies of the exposed population I
Designation of critical individuals and subgroups in s
the exposed population l
Extension of biophysical characteristics to individuals l
of various age of both sexes.
Analysis of protective actions and countermeasures used to prevent, reduce, or sitigate radiation exposures.
i
- shelter, evacuation, and resettlement
- Use of thyroid blocking egents
- Medical decontamination procedureis'.
Analysis of selected samples'.
The coeperative ef fort ce alco aid Soviet scientists in the resolutten of urgent needs regarding decisions on the assessment en:! stnagement cf ricks te the seviet populatien fron chernobyl fallout.
This e!;.ct could provide access to unique data for.
resolution of numerous significant issues of interest to the United States, the USSR, and other nations such as the safety of nuclear installations, risks associated with exposure to ionising l
radiation, development of dose-response relationships for
)
relatively low doses and dose rates, and the management of radiation amargencies.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
Soth sides propose to carry out research in these areas:
1.
The application of current models and techniques for predicting radionuclide transfer from the envaronment, especially in regions exposed -to' chernobyl releases, to human beings, taking into account the variables of age, Working Group 7.2 - Page 4 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects p-
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gender, and, regional characteristics such as soil type, l
agriculture, endemic factors, etc.
Also the verification i
and validation of such models and their in,put remeters, as well as the stability of these models socord to passage i
j of time and other perturbing factors.
This activity -
interfaces with those of Working Group 7.1 and mechanisms l
for coordination could be developed.
4 2.
Efforts are underwa in'both oovatries to develop and improve age-and gen er-specific tr. formation for estimation of organ and tissue doses.
These tasks consider the models j
for describing the translocatica of inhaled and ingested materials from the lung and eastrointestinal tract as well i
as the retention of material in organs of the body.
Improvement in' the predictive onpacity of those podels 'is critical to the estimation of organ dose for example, through analysis of excreta.
In addition,,the dosimetric and environmental aspects of the charnobyl bot particles i
should be examined.
1 3.
The development and validation of models and methods for conducting retrospective dosimetry for large population groups including those affected by Chernobyl releases.
Such cose reconstruction models would take into account the l
varying field exposure. environments with respect to concentrations, dose and dose rate, temporal factors (short-and long-ters) for air, water,and soil Models would include the capacity for projectier. pathways.
of future dose at i
ar!y given point in tLae.
4.
The opportunities exist to develop and validate models for estination of dose through physical and biological methode.
This vould be in cenjuncticn with ongoing aftert between US and Soviet laboratories.
S.
The development and validation of dose reduction (nr -
deformation) models for modifying dose estimates according to reductions obtained by countermeasures such at sheltering, evacuation, radiation prophylaxis and the imposition of foodstutf and drinking water controle.
Such models would take into sooount variables such as the definition of critical individuals or groups, variability of the exposure environment and pathways practicality,and detriments of each oou,ntermeasure.and the efficiency,.
6.
The development of structures for optimisation of dosimetry registers to define and improve the interface between environmental, dosimetry, epidemiological and dose control accounting and to facilitate the collection and verification of data entered into the registries for such purposes.
I Working Group 7.2 - page s Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
i l
]
i l
i 7.
Examination of the dosimetry and environmental aspects of hot particles associated,with Chernobyl releases,-which l
represent a
unique set of radiological and physical l
oharacteristics.
l I
PROPOSED FU N RE ACTIV2723s:
During the coming year (1990) both sides would like to undertake a joint effort to acocaplish the following:
l 1.
Comparison of methods for estimation of organ doses.
I methods applied to internal' l
1.1 Direct and indirect amitters.
1.2 Methods for estimating dose from ' external beta / gamma radiation fields.
The above tasks can be achieved by exchange of information during scientific visits to l'4boratories involved and field activities.
I 2.
Analysis of data relating ' o measurements in humans under' normal and amargency condittons.
2.1 selection of models and parameters to be critically evaluated.
Some of the parameters,and models that are of interest are:
Deposif. ion and retention of radionuclides in the i
lung and gastrointestinal tract. and other organs and tissues of the h. men bcdy.
recel' nnd uriaa mi exc n*ien rates of radionuclides depcsi",ed in various boay organs.
2.2 Assessment of applicability of selected measurements in humans from the Chernobyl and other accidents to l
anthematical models of the biokinetics of radionuclides in the human body for the purpose of preliminary tfalidation, modification, and taprovement of existing pomputational methods.
2.3 Comparison of modeling results with asasurements in humans and assessment of model accuracy.
start 2.4 Not Particles The specific problem of hot particles in the lungs of exposed persons and their associated risk was raised by the Societ side.
It was proposed Working Group 7.2 - Page 6 c
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effect,s inclosure 2
i i
l that tissue samples be shared between the US and USSR to cross salibrate the analytical determination of the extent and distribution of pulmonary hot particles as well as attempts to evaluate possible tissue effects of radioactivity in the lung.
3.
Joint studies to develop' methods for retrospective dosimetry:
t 3.1 select and prioritise exposure pathways.
3.2 Identifloatlon, development, and verification of mathematical models designed for aosassing and predicting dose to humans i' n ease of a nuclear i
l radiation accident.
4.
Mir.iaising the dose consequence from nuclear aseidents:
l 4.1 2dentify countermeasures for reduction of dose.
4.2 Develop models and environmental markers that would aid in assessing the dose reduction methodologies.
4.3 Develop recommendations for minimizing the dose l
and environmental consequences of nuclear accidents.
e.
\\
P i
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l Working Group 7.2 - Page 7 i
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects s
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7.2.2 - EPIDENICIDGY: POPULATION STUDIES AND STOCMASTIC EFFECTS 7.2.2. A - POPU1ATION STUDIES The discussions.of September '25-27, have identified osamon interests in the area of human health effects interests, that may in part be attacked through oooperative studies of the medical l
conseguances of the Chernobyl accident.
Given adequate dosimetry data the possibility of contributing useful new scientific I
information in a variety of fields'ean be realised.
In oertain areas cooperative projects hold premise of more rapid and effective results.
i RECOMMENDATIONS:
1.
The large number of Soviet,citisens affected' by the Chernobyl accident wrestes' for the USSR a vast public health problem as well as opportunities for scientific research to i
extend the borders of knowledge on human health effects of exposure to ionising radiation.
It is recommended, therefore, that public health and health maintenance objectives to be separated from strictly scientific objectives so that they can be attacked appropriately' in their different ways.
2.
Since three years have already passed since the Chernobyl accident, there is an urgent need for..the preparation of overall plans or strategies for reaching the separate objectives of public health and radioepidemiology.
It is reconnended, thereferr.,
that two distinct strategies be o
prepared promptly to guide the development of ef forts to attain tM.r.c objectivec.
3.
Because the individon1 hur.in her.ith c.ffects et cepecure to ionising radiation appear according to a fairly well known
- time-table, early events may be lost sight of unless observations start soon, and the observations of even late events any have to be prepared for in teras ' of data collection, quality control procedures, etc.
It is recommended, therefore, that potentially major scientific contributions be visualised now, e.g., 2eukemia incidence, offee,t on child health and thyroid neoplasia dysfunction and that specific research protocols be prepared for those investigations.
4.
It is recommended that mutual scientific interests be served' by the development of a complex data base structure that includes dosimetry, ecologic, epidemiologic, and clinical information.
To ensure the high quality of the scientific it is isportant to develop and laplement the data, ing follow Working Group 7.2 - Page 8 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
l f
g l
1 o
Procedures for quality oontrol.
k o
standard protocols for data collection, data
[
annagement, and data analysis.
i o
statistical methods and models for epidemiologic studies that incorporate the unoertainty involved in r
the data.
PROPOSED FUTURE ACT2Y2 TIES:
In view of the joint 08-OssR interest in advancing the knowledge base for. radiation epidemiology, it is proposed thet the two
, sides share their experience and work togethec initially, l
starting in 1990, on the following topios:
I 1.
Nealth surveillas.ee and Research rn children Exposed to Radiation from the chernobyl Accider c The two parties undertau, to oooperate in the preparation of an overall plan to monitor the health of children-exposed to radiation with a view to (a) prrcecting their health and (b) learning about the effects of :/adiation arposure mer me and t
the
'Chernobyl experience" on children.
Information may derive from existing medical care facilities, occasional screening surveys, and special research investigations on carefully selected subsets of children.
Areas of lamediate special interest include leukemia, thyroid dysfunction e:id neoplasia, and physical and psychological development.
2.
Thyroid studies :
Collab ratien is prepened en the study of effects of radiation on the thyroid gland among populations exposed during the Cherr.chyl eccidct.t.
End points to be considered include thyroid dysfunction as evidenced by deviations from '
normal values for endocrinologic immunologic neurologic, psychiatric and other functions,, and benign a,nd malignant tumors.
b The specific and point of interest is thyroid fp:setion among children, including those born since the Cherr.obyl accident.
Children at greatest risk are already identified by the register of approximately 5,000 childrer. with estimated 1
thyroid doses greater than 300 rea.
Collaboration in the first year will include developments and interpretation of systematic data collection. for this control and planning methods of analysis.gepulation quality An over-all study strategy will be developed
,and other populations of interest for evaluation of other and points will be identified for future studies.
Working Group 7.2 - Page 9 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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Emukeala:
Soth sides propose sollaboration
-in designing and laplementin studies of leukemia among those expo >eed to radiation. g 4
Emukemia is the disease that has been most strongly linked with, radiation, and also is the ar.lignancy i
that is likely to escur first.
Thus, informatier, studies of Soukasia oculd possibly provide useful new en the l
sodifying effect of 49..
rate and low dose in radiocarcinogenesis.
Possible oreas ef collaboration include the rollowing:
3.1, Selection of sample.
3.2. Methods for following the study population and for reliably asoortaining eases, including esta'blishing types of leukemia.
3.3 Methods of data collection and management.
i 3.$. statistical analysis and. interpretation of
- data, including quantitative estimates of risk, dose rate effect, temporal effects.
Development of Methodology and Technology for the study of 4.
People Irposed to Radiation:
i Mutual scientific interests can'be servey by the development of a soa etiologic, plex data base etructure that includes dosimetry, epidemiologic, and clinical information.
To ensure the high quality of the scientific data, it is important to develop and implement the followings o
Procedures for quality control.
o standard protocols for data collection, data.
management, and data analysis.
1 o
statictical eethods and models for epidemiologic i
studies that incorporate the uncertainty involved in the data.
1 i
Working Group 7.2 - Page 10 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
I j
l 7.2.2.3 -stochsTIC ErrscTs I
coNewsroNs:
on the basis ' of our discussion, it is clear that there - are considerable benefits for mutual cooperation betwo'an Soviet and American scientists in the assessment of stochastic offsets from radiation exposure.
Such oooperative effort will-permit the development and laprovement of risk assessment models.
This mutual cooperation would be useful in achieving the following r
goalst I
o Integration of the environmental and dosimetric data with epidemiological findings for stochastic effects.
o comparison of these findings with established risk l
estimation techniques and models.
i o
Development of taproved risk analysis models.
i l
REcoMKENDATIoHS:
l -
1.
It is recommended that organ-specific risk models be developed for stochastic effects (neoplasms and genetic effects) from radiation exposure.
Inputs to this study will be the -clinical, epidemiological and dosimetric ' data developed '.inder this joint investigation.
2.
The models will address the influence of radiation dose and dose rate on risk,ideration willtaking into account age, gender, health state, etc.
Cons be given to non-uniform exposure of body tissues and organs.
Measures of detriment to be c'"'eleped include cenrcr incidence and death-rate, life shortening, and incidence and type of genetic effects cf radiogenic crigin.
PROPOSED FUTURE ACTIVITIES:
In the early 1990
.! t is proposed that a group of Soviet specialists (about three) in this area visit appropriate investigators and groups in the United States for the following purposest
~Rxchange o't data, concepts and procedures on the induction of stochastic effects from radiation exposure.
Orientation on the analytical methodology developed and used in the United States for estimating potential stochastic health effects from low-level radiation exposures to population groups.
l l
Working Group 7.2 - Page 11 l
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Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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7.2.3 - MEDICAL EFFECTS AND CLINICAL MONIMRING 7.2.3. A - CLINICAL MONITORING
(
MMOR CONCWSIONS t
i The major benefit of the collaborative work proposed by this sub-
+
roup is that it should assure that the maximum amount of useful fnformation concerning the clinical diagnosis and treatment of busan radiation overexposure is derived from the chernobyl a:cident. This will benefit both the people involved in the accident and those involved in any other suon oosuranoes anywhere in the world.
It was decided that the problems and areas of.. potential-i collaboration related, to the persons receiving acute radiation l
Anjury at Chernobyl should be studied.
Attention was given to
)
the clinical monitoring of the people exposed to relatively lower levels of radiation including the plant damage liquidators, the evacuees, and the people living in the controlled sones around the Chernobyl power station.
RECOMMENDATIOL4 i
1.
Acute Radiation 1 %ry patients i
Regarding the acute radiation injury patients, the following areas of concern and potential collaboration were identified together with an ind:, cation of initial work which could be done in the first years 1.1. TevM ep.nr.t of better ear 3y dic7nestic procedures to determine promptly the extent of severe -radiation injury.
Retrospective reanalysis of the high dose patients' olinical and laboratory data for early stages of post-exposure to determine the most effective early indicators of ultimate clinical course and outoose.
1,2. Evaluation of effectiveness of treatments used in
,,the heavily irradiated patients, including those that produced satisfactory and unsatisfactory results.
detrospective analysis 'of treatment tafficacy and
.. judgement of suitability.
- 1. '). Objective characterisation of mental and work capacity after severe radiation exposure. physical Working Group 7.2 - Page 12 Task Gro>p 7.2 - Health Effects '
i Prepara
- and, where
- possible, apply optimal work capacity assessment procedures and equipment to this population. 'Also included should be monitoring of the cardiovascular ' system, ic heart diseases to determine including tests for arterial i
hypertension and' isc.aen any relationship to low radiation exposure.
1.4. Development of method. for rehabilitation of seriously radiation-injured pataents.
Investigate applicabil'.ty of rehabilitati m procedures in other olintoal situations with a strong psychological component.
L 1.5. Development of indivi' dual prognostic methods for predicting subs'equent non-stochastic and s'tochastic etfacts in radiation-injured persons.
1.6. Develop procedures and acquire equipment for biologic samples for long-tera preservation pending methodologic improvaants.
2.
Imss Radiation-Exposed Populations In considering the areas of concern for collaborative effort in regard to the relatively less radiation-exposed populations including the Chernobyl plant damage liquidatcrs, evacuees and the people 0,ving in controlled areas, the following problems and the-fitst year's tasks are as follows:
2.1. Objective characterization of mental and physical work cepacity after moderate radiatien exper:ure.
2.2. Alto included should be renitoring of t.h e cc.rdiovaucular syste=, including testu f or arttwial hypertension and ischemic heart diseases to determine any relationship to low radiation exposure.
2.3. Improvement of methods to identify illness or pre-morbid states as being related to radiation exposure.
,yhe developaent of new procedures for this purpose is described un the Biodosimetry Section of this report.
2.4. Also, new clinical laboratory methods for determining macromolecular changes resulting from radiation exposure will be developed.
In addition, exchange visits of Soviet and U.S. clintoal ocientists to share t
clinical experiences and laboratory methods should be arranged.
Working Group 7.2 - Page 13' Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects w-,w----.-.,e--
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2.5. Procedures to predict the effects of long-tors s' tress.
i i
Arrangement of a binational workshop on this subject with the participation of the investigators of psychological stress in the Three stile Island area.
2.6. Development of screening methods for thyroid pathology to apply to mass emaninations for-abildren with L
l radiation-exposed thyroid glands.
i Arrangement of a binational workshop on the early j
detection of the effects of thyroid irradiation.
l 2.7. Development of a system of monitoring the well-being of ohildren living in the controlled areas around i
Chernobyl, as well as those evacuated from thh area.
For school-age children, determine the number of days absent, as well as scholastic performance, and physical performance as measured by school grades and correlate with individual exposure where possible.
physical examinations, clinical laboratory tests including immunologic
- studies, and psychological examinations are to be maintained, with emphasis on hematological disorders.
l 2.s study the interrelationship betwee'ri immune status and the expression and persistence of major histocompatibility locci classes 1,
2, and 3;
erythrocyte surface and protein antigens in persons who received a rango of '. d i f fere r.t Icvcir, of radict!.cn exposure.
2.9 Investigation of her:opoeisis with an;hasis en -
developing methods of detecting pre-leukemic and hematologic disorders.
PROPOSED FUTURE ACTIVITIES:
The following are suggestions for additional collaborative work to commence immediately after the first year or et some later time when bther necessary developments have takin place.
1.
Acute Radiation Injury Patients For the oeverely radiation-injured, these include the l
fo', lowing considerations:'
1.T Development of new procedures for early evaluation of the severely radiation-injured should the retrospective analysis proposed above. proceed from Working Group 7.2 - Page 14 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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1.2. Development of new approaches to treatment should.
I also proceed from the retrospective analysis proposed above..
1.3. Evaluate efficacy of the work assessment procedures in assisting, t.he return to work 12 and when appropriate.
I 1.4. Evaluate effectiveness of rehabilitation procedures in facilitatiag recovery and minimising impairment in the severely radiation-injured patients.
1.5.. Continued health surveillanoe is necessary for many reasons including the testing of the effloacy of the individual prognostic methods in predicting n e n stochastic and stochastic radiation effects.
2.
Imss Radiation-Exposed Populatlob For the Jonger-tera studies or those whoM onset should be delayed for various reasons in populations exposed to low-level radiation the activities are m,ade following recommendations for future 2.1. At present we are limited to the epidemiological approach but clinical and laborato n diagnostic systems should be investigated when available to utilise in the further examinations of these patig,nts.
212. The testing and evaluation of new laboratory methods i
for identifying the relationship of radiation exposure to disease and pre-morbid ste.tes should be a continuing e.:pt ::t cf the hesith culve111c n c vi t.l.c 1cw-Ase irradiated populations.
2.3. A collaborative application of the methodology s developed for predicting the effects of prolonged stress should rollow the. proposed workshop on..the subject, as well as continued evaluation for efficacy.
2.4. The application of the methods for thyroid scr'een steaming from the proposed workshop should be teeted
,,and evaluat.ed for efficacy.
2.5. Continuation of physical examinations, clinical laboratory tests including Lamunologic o n et.,
and psychological exam,inations are to be maintained, with emphasis on hematological disorders.
Additional related studies proposed include the investigation of deviations in the functional state of Working Group 7.2 - Page 15 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
l i.
t t
I hematopoietic elements; the development of early i
diagnostic methods in radiation-related pre-leukesic j
and other hamatologic disorders; and the evaluation of
{
bone marrow.
transplantation for critical myelodepressions and leukemias.
t i
REVIEWOFSOMECONNONOETkCTIVESFORTHEFIRSTTRAR 1.
Workshop on Thyro'id Studiest should include immunologic, endocrinologic,'and besatopoietic aspects.
i
' Also the possible effects on children of KZ given to -
the mother during pregnancy.
2.
' Workshop on Stress as a ' step towards studies of wor),
capacity in relation to innvaology, endocrinology, nr.d
.besatology.
Consteention.should be given to instrumentation for esasuring work capacity.
)
3.
Reanalysis of e'arly clinical and laboratory data from heavily exposed survivors as predictors of clinical i
course and outcome.
Also reanalysis of treatment j
successes and failures.
4.
Subsequent workshops on a) immunology and b) hematopolesis in relation to radiation injury and
- recovery, s
\\
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1 Working Group 7.2 - Page 16 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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t 7.2.3.B - 3201DGICAL INDICATORS OF RADIATION EXPOSURE MAJOR CONCLUSIONS:
The major benefit of oooperative research between the USA and the Ussr on biological exposure indicator methods' applied to individuals orposed to radiation from the Chernob accident would be the confirmation of the accuracy,yl power plantprecision and-utility of these methods for measuring radiation dose received by i
each individual and estimating that individual's future bealth risks.
If such research is suooessful, the signittoanoe of establishing bioindicators as valid radiation monitoring tools would have three direct effects on the sonoerted efforts to sonitor radiation-related-effects on a
large number of.
inhabitants.
1.
Dose reconstruction-Confirmation of dosimetry from physical measurements could be performed on many individuals who have been or will be analysed by physical dosimetry.
In addition, groups that have received estimated group doses could be analysed by
- biodosimetry" to determine the distribution of dose amongst the group and to confirm the -
physical mean dose estimates.
2.
Evaluation of newly discovered radiation reactions-confira doses to individuals that exhibit unusual radiation reactions such as hypertension, or cardiac effects.
such confirmation would strengthen any claips that the unusual effects are a result of the radiation exposure, whereas disagreement between bio
.,and physical dosimetry would decrease the importance of conclusions based on physical dosisatry estimates.
3.
Life dose sonitoring-Measure the accumule.tf on of dose to individuals no as to tenitor tb.-
Ot res.z.fotice exposure limit imposed on people in the controlled areas and i individuals more directly exposed during the accident and its cleanup.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
1.
Soviet scientists travel to US to visit laboratories engaged in bi,odosimetry research.
2.
The ongoing glycophorin-based somatic autation assay and coordinate cytogenetic analyses of acute radiation syndrome individuals should continue and be expanded by including other biomedical methods in parallel with the two already being seasured.
The suggestet new methods include l
Working Group 7.2 - Page 17 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
I,t 1
l-
)
4 a.
Automation of conventional cytogenetto aberration scorin using automat.ed microscopy and laage analysis j
of dig tised laages.
i i
)
b.
Cytogenetic analysis of stable ohromoso's aberration a
frequency y a new fluorescence in situ hybridisation i
translocat on analytical technique.
c j
' c.
NPRT-based s'omatic autation analysis of peripheral
~
lymphocytes.
1 d.
RIA-based somatic autation an'alysis of peripheral lymphocytes ~and other available tissues (e.g., buccal j
cells,and/ or, micro-biopsies).
e.
'Micronucleus fra encies by eytoohalasin-3 blocked cytokinesis anal is of peripheral lymphocytes and other available tissues as noted in d. above.
3.
To standardine glycophorin
- assay, obtain samples from.
patients who had undergone whole-body radiation therapy with known physical doses.
4.
A similar multi-end point analysis should be performed on a grou of the workers that were exposed to low levels of radi tion during the extended clean-up recedures following the accident.
The workers to be includ d in this study are l
or!es that vore physical dosimeters and were allowed to l
receive no more than 25 cSv accumulated dose.
l 5.
Monitor a subgroup in several different controlled radiation exposure areas and in nearby clean areas with the same multi-end point analysis so as to demonstrate the validity cf these methods for tonitoring the accumulation of dose toward the 35 c5v litoti:.e limit.
It is to be noted that *biodosimetrica analysis is closely related to the clinical analyses discussed in another section of this memorandum and several of'the recommendations contained in that section should be regarded as biodosimetry as well-asl clinical analyses (e.g.,
development of sethods for early monitoring of high exposures for Acute Radiation sickness).
In addition, the recommendations of the Epidemiology section in this memorandum include studies whose tata will be needed for confirmation of prediction of health risks that could be made from the direct measurements of biological response.
Working Group 7.2 - Page 18 Task Group 7.2 - Heslth Effects
-...-.... - - _. -, -.. _ -. _. - -.. ~.
4 PR0p0 SED FUTURE ACTIVITIES Assuming that the ongoing and recommended studies indicate successful application of some (or all)iques should be used in methods for sensurement of radiation dose, some of these techn repeated analysis to test for persistance of offacts over. the lifetime of indiv1=uals exposed.
The tests.that require such repeated analysis to determine persistence are the three somatic autation measurements,and the alcronucleus frequency assay.
These-tests should-be repeated on a subgroup of the cohorts listed in the REcoMNENDATIONS section at a frequency of one test per individual per year for a period of at,least 25 years.
Determination of a
relationship between the biodosimetric measurements and potential health risks should be tested by:
following the health of the individuals sensured using the clinical procedures in existence now and to. be installed during the coming years and relating the biodosimetric results with the epidemiologic measurements.
I l
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Working Group 7.2 - Page 19 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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'F.2.'3.C. STUDIES OF MON-870CKASU C EFFECTS 3tA30R CONCLUSIONS:
A major benefit of the collaborative effons proposed by this subgroup is the ability to determine mons tochastic threshold effects. for high and low dose rates from intamal and arternal radiation.
Present models'are to a large auttnt based on either partial body exposure, acute h h dose rate ex survivors) or studies on "er mental animals.posure (atonic bomb The inclusion of
'an analysis of non-stochast c health effects data from the USSR population receiving radiation from the charnoay1 accident will serve to both validate the model and to reduos its uncertainty.
3tEc0MMENDAT20N8 AND FUTURE ACTIVITIES The following areas of concern' and potential collaboration'were L
Adentified together with an indication of initial work which could be done in the first year.
3.
Menepoietic and lyzphatic rystems - The dyntales of blood cell depression as a fun" tion of dose and ' rate should be incorporated into a modri which also considers age and sex.
The relationship betwoon the median effective dose and the threshold for observation should be determined.
I 4
Thyroid - The shape of the time and effect curve for thyroid 2.
dysfunction should be determined with regard te dose, dose rate and age.
3.
Er.bryo fetus Attempts to dete r-ine vkether threrhc3ds exist f or vs.rious advers,c a:1ects to t.he 1stus.
4.
Cataracts The thresholds for re.diation induction of cataracts should be determined.
The relationship between '
time of appearance with dose and dose rate abould be included.
5.
1,ung and Gastrointestinal Tract - Pulmonary function tests.
~
in patients who manifested acuta - radiation sickneaw as a consequence of controlling the immediate aftermath of the accident should be determined with the objectAve of quantifying possible fibrosis and pulmonary dysfunction.
Analysis or the occurrence of radiation induced vomiting and diarrhea correlated to dose and dose rate.
The tt'as of onset and severity should be included in the analy.;is.
6.
Other organ systans of interest can be studied at a latar data.
i Working Group 7.2 - Page 20 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects Inclosure 2
s -
l
.L.
Development of medical, biological and mathematical health' effects models for improving the understanding of mechanisms and for facilitating predictions of non-stochastic effects i
from nuclear accidents.
Start 1991.
- l l
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. Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
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'v This Memorandum of Meeting serves'as n' framework fo'r identifying i
opportunities for research collaboration from which, during the first year, selected tasks could be initiated, establishing the-toundation-for additional future efforts.
" Implementation of research ' cooperation will include scientific 1
exchanges of experts for varying < periods of time, collaborati.ve -
research between US and Sovlet. investigators, and exchange of samples, data, methodology and ' equipment and joint publications -
of results in peer reviewed scientific journals.
Soth sides realize that the success of this potential ~oooperation.
t i
vill depend,' to ' a great extent, upon the maintenance of olear lines of responsibility and connunication.
This is emphasized by-the following points:
o'
'JeccHRs Protocol ' issues should be directed to the l
progran managers - Dr. Edward c. Shoaaker, - Us, Nuclear Regulatory con =1ssion, and Dr.:
Vladimir:
-E.
Sukhoruchkin, Eurchatov 2nstitute of Atomic Energy, USSR state Committee for Utilisation of Atomic' Energy..
Technical / scientific activities in' work group 7 should 1
o be directed to Dr. Murray Schalman of the US Department of Energy and Academician Leonid A. Ilyin'of the USSR:
Academy of Medical sciences.
l o
once project tasks are initiateg, the: scientists,
- doctors, and work group leaders are' encouraged to amintain direct lines of communication with each other.
o i
l In addition, the USSR proposed ' that future working group' 7 rrojects and teetings e.re censidered on a'. host country payment-usis.
la stly, the t'SSR delegation suggested that future scientific.
interactions on chernobyl should be done-on a mutually beneficial basis.
This - will include the resolution of all financial and economic issues of' future ocoperation.
The' exact forms and methods of contribution from each side. will be resolved in the, future according to the needs of each project.,
i l-l i
Working Group 7.2 - Page 22 i
\\
Task Group 7.2 - Health Eff c.s
\\
- c.,
. \\
In conclusion,~ the participante in the Working Group 7.2 meetings-trust that the JCCCNR8 will find the eccelutione, recommendations' and proposed fut e activities outlined ebeve to be beneficial as they meet in the. United St.ates in Washington, D.C..
Detober 30-
' f
~
31, 2969.
i For the U.S. Deleystion For the USSR Delegation (f
M
$ L_ '
Dr., Morvan h 2 ds.an Dr. Oles A. Pyatak ior UB Mcrksnp (or UssE yerkinp Gav.,up 7.2 - hTA1TH EFTECTS Group 7.2 HEALTH E771 CTS j
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Morking Group 7.2 - Pope 23 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects w
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s US PARTICIPANTS.
i THE JOINT US-USSR MEETING OF WORKING GROUP 7.2-EIALTN KFFECTS '
(
2J.ADER, WORKING CROUP 7.0 '
Dr. Murray Schulman Executive Assistant to the Director for Mealth and Environme,ntal Research, US Department of_ Energy j
l Address office of'Nealth and Environmental Research; US Department of Energy - ER-70
'r washington, D.C.
20545 Telephone:301-353-3338' FAX:
301-353-3884 3
US NUCLEAR REGUIATORY COMMISS' ION..fRECTOR OF
~
l PU2LIC ATTAIRS:
' GOVERNMENTAL AND Dr. Harold R. Denton, Director, Office of -Governmental and' l
Public Affairs Address US Nuclear Regulat ay commission.
Washington, D.C.
20555 Telephone:301-492-1780 FAX:
301-492-1672-a L
NUCLEAR REGUIATORY COMMISSION PROGRAM MANAGER ~
FOR JCCCNRS PROTOCOL:
Dr.
Edward C.
- Shotsker, Program Manager for. US-UFTR Cooperation, International Com ission=
Programs,- US Nuclear Regulatcry Address:
US Nuclear-Regulatory Cummission Mail Stop 3-H,
Washington, D.C.
20555--
Telephone 301-492-0331 TAX:
301-492-0260 TELEX:
908142-NRC-3HD.WSH' l
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects -
1XADER, WORKING GROUP 7.2 3 Dr. Marvin Goldman, Professor of Radiobiology, Zaboratory ia for Energy-Related Nealth Research, University of Californ Address:
Department'of' Radiological Sciences-University of California Davis, California 95616 Telephone: 916-752-1341 FAX:
916-752-7107 r
MEMBERS, WORKING GROUP 7.2
~
t Dr. Gilbert W. Beebe, Clinical Epider.iolcgy Branch, National.
Cancer Institute
' Address:
National Cancer Institute' National Institutes o1LNealth Executive Plaza North, Suite.400 Bethesda, Maryland' 20892 Telephone 301-496-5067 FAX:
301-496-1854 M'. Robert Catlin,. President, Robert J. Catlin Corporation l-r (Health Physicist)
Addrcss:
Rohrt J. Catlin Corporttien
. Suite 1119 701 Po3ch Rea1 Palo' Alto, California 94304 o
l
. Telephone:415-325-2104/415-326-1992 FAX:
415-325-2104
.(
Dr.
Frank J.
- Congel, Director, Division:.of Radiation Protection and. Emergency Preparedness, Cffice of ~ Nuclear Reactor Regulation, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission ~
Address US Nuclear Regulatory Commission White; Flint 10 E-4 l
Washington, D.C.
20555 Telephone:301-492-1088 FAX:-
301-492-0260 Telex:
908142'.NRC-SHD WSH-i 1
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
~
\\
4
,Dr. Reith F. Eckerman, hesearch Group Imad'or, Metabolism ~and:
Dosimetry Research Group,. Nealth and Safety Division,. Cak Ridge National: Laboratory
Address:
Cak Ridge National laboratory P.O. Box 2008
' Oak Ridge,' Tennessee-37831-6383 Telephone:615-574-6241 FAX:
615-574-1778-j l
Dr. shirley Fry Epidealology ' Program 14ader, Medical and.
Nealth Sciences', Division, Oak Ridge Associate Universities, Address:
Oak Ridge Associated Universities P.O. Box.117 Cak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 Telephone:615-576-3265
[
FAX:
615-576-3643
~
Dr. Ethel s.
Gilbert, staff f scientist,. Epidemiology and Biometry, Pacific Northwest Laboratory.
Addrees - Pacific Northwest:Lalvratoryl(Ki-85)~
P.O. Box 999 Richland, Washington'99352 Telephone:509-375-3628 i
T!.',.' :
109-375-3641 Dr. Ronald Jensen,14ader, Cytochemistry 'Section, Biomedical' Sciences, lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Address:
Lavrance Livermore. National Laboratory L-452 7000 East AvePue
=
Livermore, California 94550 Telephone:415-422-5709 FAX:
415-422-22P2 i
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects '
,o' Dr. Robert W. Miller, Chief, Clinical Epidemiology Branch,-
National Cancer Institute' Address:
National Cancer Instituto National-Institutes of Nealth Executive' Plaza North, Suite 400
'Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Telephone 301-496-5785 FAX:
301-496-1854 l
Dr. Niel Wald, Department of Radiation Health, ' Graduate:
School of Public Esalth, University of Pittsburgh Address:
A-512 Crabtree=Nall University of Pittsbunh Pittsburgh,: Pennsylvania 15261.
i Telephone:412-624-2732 l
FAX:
412-624-3013 l
Dr. Shlomo S. Yaniv, Senior Health Physicist, office of Nuclear Regulatory Research,-
.US Nuclear Regulatory-commission Address US Nuclear Regulatory Commission-Mail Stop Nies/139 s
Washington,-D.C.
20555 i
Telephone:301-492-3744 '
TAX:
301-443-7Ev4
\\
WORKING GROUP 7.2 CBSERVERS:
Dr.
Charles W.
- Edington, Director, Board-en Radiation' Effects Research, National Academy of Sciences
. Address:
National Academy of Sciences, Roon NAS 342 j
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington,-D.C.
20418 Telephone:202-334-2232 FAX:
202-334-1639 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
3 I
i Dr. Isaka Kheifets, -Project Manager, Epidemiology Radiation Studies Program,. Environment Division,: Electric Power Research 2nstitute Address:
Electric Power Research 2nstitute r
l 3413 Millview Avenue l
P.O. Sox 10413-Palo Alto,. California _ 94303 l
Telephone:415-855-8976 l
FAX:
415-855-1069 l
TELEX:
82977'EPR2 UF t
1 VS STATE DEPARTMENT CBSERVER:
Hs, Carol Eberhard, Nuclear Science Specialist, Sureau of oceans and International Environmental'& Scientific Affairs.
US Department of State Address:
DES /NTS, 7828 Us Department of State-Washington,.D.C 20520-7818 Telephone:202-647-4413 FAX:
202-647-0775 e
l t
STATF OF THE MEETING:
Ms. L3111en R. Mathias, Admihistrative Assistant, office of Health and Environ::. ental Ressarch,' US Depuucnt.ci.nc rgy Address:. Office of Health'and Environmental.Research US Department of Energy ~~ER-70 Washingtoni D.C.
20545 h
Telephone:301-353-3251 FAX:
301-353-3884 L
l, 2NTERPRETERS:
Ms. Irene Firsow 1
Mr. Joseph Lewin 1.
l l
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects 1
~ -..
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- ~
USSR PARTICIPANTS THE JOINT Uf,-USSR MEETING OF WORKING' SROUP 7.2.
sr.AIan strEers t
Academician Ilyin Imonid A.
Vice-President of'the DSSR Acadasy of Medical Sciences,.
{
Director of the Institute of Biophysics, 088R..Ministiry.
i of Hes.lth,-
- l Member.of 2CRP.
- j Address:
2hivopisnaya 46,
- j Moscow-182,
{
1 1
one 190-56 "
925-33-03 4
ALL-UNION SCIENTIFIC CENTRE OF RADIATICH MEDICINE,.DOSR ACADEMY CF MEDICAL SCIENCES-Prof. Pyatak 01es A.
Doctor of Medicine, Deputy Director of the-Centre.
Address McInikova 53, Kiev 50, 252050 Telephone: 213-92-15 Prof.Buzunov Vladimir A.
Doctor of Medicine,. Director of the Institute of' Epidemiology and Prophylaxis of Radiation Injuries of the' centre i
Address:
Melnikova 53, Riev 50, 252050 Telephones (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26 213-96-29 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects Enclosure'2
q t
l Prof.L ebeshko Vladimir G.
S
{
Doctor of Medicine,, Director <of.
-l t.he Institute of' Clinical 1
Radiology of the Centre.
Address:
Melnikova 53',
j Kiev 50, 252050 Teltphones (internat) 213-92-15.
5 (internat) 213-61-26.
430-06-53 Prof.
1.ikhtarev Ilya A.,.
Doctor of
- Physics, Department. of-DosiaAtry and Radiat.on Hygiene, Head. hamber of ICRP.
' Address Melnikova 53,. Kiev 50,-
252050
..i Teler'ione (internat) 213-61-26 (internat)' 213-92-15' i
213-71-82 4
Dr. 74s' Ivan P..
Ce;didate of Biology Laboratory of Radioecology, Head..
l Address:
- 1. 6.'.1.D.uva 5 3,
Kiev-50,
'y 2t:00C Telephone (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26 213-95-77.
Dr. Repin Victor S.
Candidate of Tecknica1' sciences
. Laboratory of' Direct and Calculated Methods, Mead Address:
Melnikova 53, Kiev'50, 252050 Telephone (internat)' 213-92-15--
(internat) 213-61-26 213-95-77 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects t
... ~.. -..,.
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l Dr. Shandala Natalya R.
Candidate of Medical SciencesL Laboratory of R,adiation Standardisation, Read Address Melnikova 53, Kiev 50, 252050,.
Telephones (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26 213-71-82 Dr.Rorzun Vitalyi N.
Candidate-of medical sciences Laboratory of, Prophylaxis of.Znternal Irradiat, ion,:Nead-Address:
'Helnikova 53, Kiev 50, i
252050 l
Telephone: (internat) 213-92-15 (internat)- 213-61-26 i
213-71-82 HDr. Rovgan.Leonella N.
candidate of Physical sciences Iaboratory of Calculated Models and-Radiation Prognosis, Senior Scientist Address:
Melnikova.53, Kiov 50, 2520$0, Telephone: (internat) 213a92-15 (internat)' 213-61-26 213-71-82 Dr. Ledoschuk Boris A.
,, Candidate of Madical Sciences Laboratory of Registry Medical Ensuring, Bead,
Address:
Melnikova 53,-
Riev 50, 252050-1 i
Telephone: (internat) 213-92 (internat) 213-61-26 431-78-32
. Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects m.
a
't
'~
4 Prof. Bugaev Vladimir H.
Doctor of Medicine.
Laboratery of Special subregistres, Naad Address Nelnik:va 50, Kiev 50, 7
252050 Telephones (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-2C 431-78,
Prof. Prisyaahniuk Anatoly E.
Doctor of Medicine,.
Laboratory of Epidemiology of Radiation consequences, Head _
~ Address:
Melnikova 53, Kiev-50, 252050 i
Telephones (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26,
431-78-42
(
Prof. Omelyanets Nikolay 2.
Doctor of Medicine, Laboratory of ~ Medical Demography,- Head Address:
Eclnikova.53, Kiev 50, l
2L:050 Telephone: (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26 431-78-37 a
Dr. Dragan Sergey D.
Candidate of Technical Sciences
. Laboratory of Computer Systaas, Head Address:'
Melnikove 53, Riev 50, 252050 Telephone (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26 431-78 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects -
y
.. _ ~.
l Dr. Antonov Viktor P.
)
Laboratory of Radiation Protection, Mead Address:
Melnikova.53, Kiev 50,.
252050 Telephones (internat)'.213-92-15 1
-(internat) 213-61-26 431 78-25.
.I 7
9 Prof. Chumak Anatoly' A.
I Doctor of Medicine Laboratory of clinical Zaannology, Nead
-Address Melnikova 53, Kiev 50, 252050 Telephone (internat) 213-92-15.
(internat) 213-61-26 431-78-38 I
Dr. Chaban Anatoly K.
Candidate of Medical sciences
=
Department of Endocrinology,-Head Address:
Melnikova 53, Kiev 50, a
252050 Telephone: ('nternst) ?33-02-15 (internat) 213-01-26 431-78-34 Prof. Niagu Angelina 2.
Doctor of Medicine i
Department of Neurology,. Head.
i Address:
L
'Welnikova 53,
- Riev 50, 252050 Telephone (internat) 213-92-15 (internat) 213-61-26
'431-78-39
)
1 Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects a.
i q
Prof. Prevarski Sorts:P.
Doctor =of Medicine Department of Radiation Pathology, Naad Address:
Melnikova 53,-
Eisv 50, 252050.
ti Telephone (internat) 213-92-15'
-)
(internat)- 213-61-26 431-78-36:
[
\\
t
' Prof. Khomaziuk-2nna N.
Doctor of Medicine Department of clinical cardiology, Bead Address:
Helnikova 53, Kiev 50, t
252050 Telephone (internat). 213-92-15' 4
i (internat). 213-61-26 431-78-41 Prof. Pilinskaya Maria A.
Doctor of Medicine IAboratory of Radiation Cytogenetics,' Naad Address:
Melnikova 53, N
Kiev Eo, 2520b0 Te.lephone: (1.temat) 212-52-15 (internat) 213-61-26
'213-71-28~
ZHSTITUTE OF BIOPHYSICS, USSR MINISTRY OF EEALTH..
Prof.Enishnikov Victor A.
Doctor of Medicine
' laboratory of Radiation Safety of Population, Esad Address
.thivopisnaya 46, L
D-182, Moscow, 123182 Telephone: 190-94 -
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects Enclosure'2-
t Dr. Torubarov Feliks S.:
Doctor of Medicine Department of examination, ' Bead Addressa.
Ehivopisnaya 46, D-181, Mose.ow,.123182 Telaphones 190-93-56 Dr. Chirkov Andrey A.-
Laboratory of Radiation Baematology,l Junior scientist Address:
thivopisnaya46, D-182, Moscow, 123182 Telephone 190-93-37 NUCLTAR SAFETY '- DIVISION I.V. ' RURCHATOV INSTITUTE FOR ATOMIC ENERGY-Dr. Domin'Vladimir F.
.(
candidate of physical sciences Department of Nuclear Energy safety
.l IAading Scientist Address:
Kurchatov Square, Moscow 123182 Telept.cne: 196-37-09 Dr. Proshina Olga A.
Department of Nuclear Energy safety, engineer Address t
Eurchatov Square, Moscow 123182, Telephone: 196-37-09 I
o R
1 1
i Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects i
N i
1HSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR SAFETY PROBLENS AND-ATOMIC ENERGY DEVElcPMENT, USSR AMS-Prof. Bolshov Imonid A.
Deputy Director 1
Address:
Tulskaya 52, I
Moscow 113191
-Telephone: 234-00-21 add. 2-47 l
Dr. Martinanko Elena'D.
Senior Scientist s
-l Address Tulskaya 52, Moscow 113191 Telephones-234-00-21 ' add. 2-18 i
STATE HYDROMETRolbGY COMMITTEE l
Prof.Kozakov Yury Ye.
Deputy Director Address:
Morozova 12, Moscow 123376
- Telepher.o : 252-20-05 Tel t.x 411117KJtC SU Dr.Vetrov Vladimir A..
Department of Radioecological Monitoring, Bead-Address:
Globovskaya 20-b, hoscow, B-258, 107258 Telephone 169-20-98 169-25-10 i
Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
,,m a
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STATE NUCLTAR: SUPERVISION COMMITTEE..
Prof.Shaposhnikov Boris 6.
Scientific and, Technical Centre, Senior Scientist Addresst.,
Avtosavodskaya 24/ 3,
- Moscow,.
-109068 1
P i
1 l
1.
t Task Group 7.2 - Health Effects
' Enclosure 2 2.
- ~
I
O i
t T
S. Yaniv ABSTRACT l
Non-stochastic' Health Effects Models in NUREG/CR-4214,.Rev. 1 May 1989.
Two parameter Weibull hazard functions are recossended for estimating the risks b
of early and continuing health effects. Three potentially lethal early l
' effects--the hematopoietic; pulmonary and' gastrointestinal syndromes--are -
considered. The non-lethal effects modeled are:
(1) diarrhea, (2) prodromal-vomiting, (3) permanent ovulation suppression (4) temporary spero count suppression. (5) radiation thyroiditis, (6) hypothyroidism, (7) skin erythema.
- t (8) transepithelial injury of the skin, (9) mental retardation in utero, l
(10) growth retardation af ter irradiation in utero,< and (11) cataracts.
The Weibull-type function used to estimate risk depends' on two parameters:
' t (1) the dose Dso, which is the dose a nected to affect 50 percent of those-exposed, and (2) the shape pars:::cter V, which detemines the shape of the,
i dose-effect relationship.
For lethal effects, Dso represents the lethal dose l
to 50 percent of the population (LDso), while for morbidity effects, it-
~
represents the effective dose to 50 percent of the population (EDso). Data' l
l for incidence versus dose were used to obtain estimates of model parameters.-
Estimates of the Oso were obtained for each effect of. interest.except hypothyroidism.
1-When reliable data from exposures of humans were available, they were used to estimate the shape parameter V and/or Dso for morbidity or mortality effects.
When such' data were not available or were ambiguous, data from exposures of -
laboratcry anittels were used to estirete these parameters.
To account for dese rate effects, a hazard function medelintapproach was used to estir. ate the risk of lethality fren a sw.ific cc.use (e.g., bone s.. arrow dysfunction), or the risk of a specific morbidity (e.g., prodromal vomiting).
With the hazard-function approach, one finds,the lethality or so-bidity cumulative hazard H as a function of the normalized dose X in units of LDso (for lethality) or EDso (for morbidity).
The risk of the effect of interest is related to the lethality or' morbidity hazard H by the expression:
l Risk = 1 - exp[-H).
For brief exposure at a fixed dose rate, the normalized dose X for lethality from a specific cause is simply the cumulative absorbed dose D'to the organ of interest (e.g., bone marrow) divided by the LDso appropriate-for the fixed dose rate. For protracted (low dose rate) exposure at a fixed dose rate, X is evaluated in the same way, with an LDso appropriate for.the low dose rate exposure. With this approach, LDso as a function of dose rate is used to normalize different absorbed radiation doses O delivered at different dose rates.
For variable dose rates, different parts of the dose are divided by i
Abstract of Presentation
i l
e.
different LDsos to account for effects of a changing dose rate. = The same approach is used in estimating the risk of a specific morbidity, with EDso s
being used instead of LDsos in the normalizations.
Risk functions for most early and continuing effects are of the' threshold type; therefore, a given dose may be at or below the-threshold..If _ so, the. risk for that dose is then estimated to be zero.
The many sources of uncertainty that could have an effect on accuracy of'the risk ~ estimates include:
(1) uncertainty in dose estimates; (2) statistical-errors associated with model parameters;.(3) possible systematic errors associated with use of Weibull-type functions;-(4) uncertainty about dose rate effects;-(5) uncertainty associated with cross-species extrapolation;'
(6) uncertainty about the effect of medical intervention; (7) uncertainty about the distribution of radiosensitivity among the populations at risk; i j
(8) uncertainty in threshold dose; and (g) uncertainty in how to deal with nonuniform exposure. Upper and lower bounds'have been provided for model parameters. This accounts, to a degree, for-the uncertainties.
In some_
(
cases, the bounds are judgmental.
i The presentation'will highlight the models (and parameters) with the weakest data base.
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Nuclear Power Plant Accident Consequence Analysis low LET Radiation Part II: Scientific Bases-for Health Effects Models-l Manuscript Completed: Apr$ 1989 Date Publahed; May 1989 Prepared by s. Abrahamson, M. Sender. S. Book, C. Suncher.
C. Dentdston. E. G Ubert F. HJ.n. V. Hertaberg, ht. Mason, S. Scott, W. Schun, S. Thomas Under Contract to:
Sandia National Laboratories l
.Mbuquerque,NM 87185 S.Yanh,NRC Project Manager.
Division of Regulatory Applications Omet of Nuclear Regulatory Research U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, DC 20555 NRC HN A1415 L
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~2 SOURCES OF INFORMATION
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STATE NUCLEAR SUPERVISION CONN!TTEE.
t Prof.Shaposhnikov Boris G.
scientific and Technical centre, senior scientist Address:
Avtosavodskaya 14/23,
- Moscow, 109068 4
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