ML20057A621
| ML20057A621 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 05200002 |
| Issue date: | 09/07/1993 |
| From: | Mike Franovich Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 9309150052 | |
| Download: ML20057A621 (53) | |
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NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [* h q!E WASHINGTON. D.C. 20555-0001
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q September 7, 1993 Docket No. 52-002 APPLICANT: ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. (ABB-CE) PROJECT: CE System 80+
SUBJECT:
PUBLIC MEETING 0F AUGUST 12, 1993, TO DISCUSS HYDR 0 GEN CONTROL AND 50.34(f) REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CE SYSTEM 80+ STANDARD PLANT DESIGN On August 12, 1993, a public meeting was held at the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in Rockville, Maryland, between representatives of the NRC and ABB-CE. The purpose of the meeting was to provide ABB-CE additional guidance on hydrogen control and hydrogen igniter placement. This guidance was provided as the result of a two-day internal NRC meeting dedicated to evaluating hydrogen control for the System 80+ design. Enclosure I provides a list of attendees. Enclosure 2 contains the ABB-CE material used in the NRC presentation. Enclosure 3 contains summary slides on the ABB-CE approach to hydrogen control obtained from the August 16, 1993, senior management meeting. System 80+ Hydrocen Mitication System Modifications and 50.34(f) Under 10 CFR 50.34(f) Additional 7#I Requirements, ABB-CE is required to demonstrate that the System 80+-design has the capability to limit uniformly distributed hydrogen concentrations in the containment from cxceeding 10 per-cent assuming 100-percent active fuel-clad metal-water reaction. Since the hydrogen control meeting held on June 17, 1993, ABB-CE has modified the System 80+ hydrogen mitigation system (HMS). The System 80+ HMS is designed to meet 50.34(f) and is currently composed of 66 igniters (increased from 42) distributed through various locations inside the containment. The igniters are classified as non Class IE equipment and receive 120 VAC vital power. For loss-of-offsite power scenarios, the HMS is capable of being powered from the emergency diesel generators or the alternate ac source (gas turbine). For station blackout (SBO) with a failed or unavailable gas turbine, 33 igniters are powered off the two station batteries (separate from the a channel batteries) through the dc to ac inverters. The previous HMS design had all igniters (42) capable of receiving vital power from station batteries. In addition, ABB-CE has modified the location of igniters in the containment dome region. Previously, 8 igniters were affixed to the steel shell at elevation 252 ft (top of containment). The current design has all 8 igniters lowered to the 237 ft elevation and suspended in the center of the upper dome , region. This was done to improve igniter effectiveness due to potential ! hydrogen stratification and rapid condensation effects from late containment i spray actuation. ; j i 9309150052 930907 PDR ADOCK 05200002 ,hh C {ddh g i g i A PDR j i
. s September 7, 1993 Staff Acoroach to HydroQen Control Evaluation for System 80+ i The staff convened a panel of experts from the national labs and NRC staff from the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation and the Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. During the two-day meeting, the panel performed a systematic evaluation of the System 80+ containment, compartments, potential i hydrogen release and accumulation locations, and igniter placement. 3 The staff used a mechanistic approach to igniter placement with a defense-in- t depth philosophy. The first line of defense was to provide igniters near i hydrogen release points. For scenarios where hydrogen release rates or concentrations are below combustible limits, the second layer of defense was ; to place igniters in sub-compartments and dead-end regions of containment where hydrogen may collect. The panel reviewed essentially two types of accident scenar as. The first i case involved SB0 type conditions with in-vessel degraded core. This evalua-tion included potential reactor coolant system (RCS) hydrogen release points, ! IRWST2 H concentrations, and RCS failures, such as pressurizer surge line creep rupture, induced by elevated degraded core temperatures. The second , case involved loss-of-coolant accidents as the initiator which included issues such as hydrogen stratification and rapid condensation from containment sprays. Generic to both types of scenarios were ex-vessel considerations such ; as combustible gas generation from core-concrete interaction. The panel also discussed the applicability of experimental data and potential use of computer codes to augment igniter placement criteria based on predicted hydrogen mixing and igniter effectiveness. The tests of interest were the . Nevada Test Site (NTS) tests, % scale Hydrogen Control Owners Group (HC0G) i tests, and the HDR hydrogen mixing experiments. ! The consensus of the panel was that existing lumped parameter codes are not sophisticated enough to accurately predict hydrogen mixing, especially when the HDR experiments are taken into account. Such codes may be used for gaining insights on potential problem areas; however, use of codes to justify not locating igniters in containment areas could be suspect. As related to the hydrogen phenomena, it should be noted that ABB-CE has used the MAAP code only to provide insights on plant areas of potential concern. Staff Recommendations for Additional laniters The panel used expert judgment in determining existing igniter effectiveness and recommended 14 additional igniters in locations not currently covered with igniters. The sum total would be 80 igniters for System 80+. Based on expert judgement, the staff recommended the following additional locations for ! consideration: ; (1) In-Containment Refueling Water Storage Tank (IRWST) - (91 ft elevation) The staff recommended that 4 igniters be placed in the IRWST near the spargers since this would be a source point. The current design has no igniters in the tank. , [
September 7, i993 For certain severe accident scenarios such as SBO, the IRWST may be hydrogen rich (assuming the safety depressurization system (SDS) valves are open and the RCS blows down into the IRWST). H, concentration may exceed 30 percent. ABB-CE's position is that the IRWST would be steam inerted. The panel determined that steam concentrations vary from ! scenario to scenario and may not always be in the inerted condition. In addition, the igniters that are located on the IRWST vents and the ' compartments directly above the tank ceiling may introduce the potential for deflagration waves that propagate back into the tank. This jet effect may cause impulse loads associated with fast, subsonic wave fronts or possible deflagration to detonation transition (DDT). The staff also encouragedpBB-CEtoadopttheirproposedincreaseintheIRWSTventarea from 150 ft to 1000 ft 2. The staff noted that ABB-CE should review the t scale HCOG test results to extract insights on igniter placement and sparger effects from the boiling water reactor suppression pool design. (2) Pressurizer Compartment - (192 ft elevation) l The staff recommended 2 igniters be placed in the compartment or near the compartment vents. Pressurizer line failures, such as surge line failure, were postulated as potential hydrogen release points. There-fore, under the defense-in-depth approach, igniters would be appropriate for this location. Also, the staff did not have high confidence that hydrogen gas leaving the compartment could be effectively removed by the igniters on the crane wall due to the horizontal distance and relatively ! low vertical displacement between the crane wall (210 ft elevation) and ! the pressurizer compartment vents (192 ft elevation). (3) Letdown and Regenerative Heat Exchanger Rooms - (91 ft elevation) These locations were postulated high- or moderate-energy line pipe break f locations and, therefore, potential hydrogen release points. Two igniters were recommended for each compartment containing a potential H2 source. ; (4) Steam Generator Cavity - (115 ft elevation) Two igniters were recomaended for this region. This location appeared to ; be a hydrogen circulation path and potential hydrogen release location from RCP pump seals and RCS line breaks. ! (5) In-core Instrument (ICI) Chase - (115 ft elevation) l This region appeared to be a dead-end compartment where hydrogen may i accumul ate. Two igniters were recommended for this location. ABB-CE ! will evaluate the feasibility of locating igniters in this location; ! based on maintenance accessibility and evaluated against as low as is reasonably achievable considerations for plant personnel radiation doses, j l t i
. 4 k September 7, 1993 (6) Reactor Cavity Exhaust Grating (115 ft elevation) This region appeared to be a flow area from the reactor cavity region and two igniters were recommended. The staff postulated scenarios : were low hydrogen release rates in the lower compartments may not accumulate combustible quantities of hydrogen, and this 10 ft by 10 ft grating appeared to be a focal point for hydrogen flow. ; Effects from rapid condensation due to late spray actuation were also dis- ! cussed. The concern here is the possibility of DDT due to rapid de-inertion ; and increased turbulence. ABB-CE stated that it would take 5 to 10 minutes to : reduce steam concentrations from 50-volume percent to 30-volume percent for steam inerted sequences. The calculation assumed an IRWST temperature of 100 *F at saturated conditions. Likelihood of detonation is reduced since the condensation rate was on the order of minutes and not seconds. ABB-CE agreed to document their assumptions, calculations, and provide a qualitative discussion of their approach on this issue. Power Sucolies for Igniters The staff agreed with ABB-CE's approach of having a minimum set of igniters that are capable of receiving power from the station batteries. The staff recommended that adequate containment coverage be provided with this minimum igniter set (50 percent) for SB0 sequences. Each igniter consumes approxi-mately 95 watts, and ABB-CE committed to evaluate the impact this may have on battery capacity, procurement, and installation. Tier I and Technical Specifications The staff stated that the HMS should be addressed in the System 80+ standard technical specifications (STS). ABB-CE did not agree and proposed to place the HMS in the design and operational reliability assurance programs (D-RAP / 0-RAP). ABB-CE stated that plant equipment that have been designed for System 80+ to reduce the probability or mitigate the consequences of a severe accident are covered by these programs. The staff stated equipment that is considered important to safety have technical specifications. For example, the combustion gas turbine has STS for reduced RCS inventory operations (shutdown risk) and the rapid depressuriza-tion system also has STS. Additionally, U.S. plants with igniters have technical specifications for hydrogen control. The staff indicated that some flexibility existed in determining the appropriate limiting conditions for operation, action statements, and associated surveillance requirements for the HMS. The staff also expressed concern that the System 80+ Tier 1 treatment of severe accident design features may not have sufficient level of detail to satisfy the requirements of 10 CFR Part 52. Currently, the ABB-CE Tier 1
September 7, 1993 severe accident infomation (design descriptions and inspections, tests, analyses, and acceptance criteria) lacks specificity on the actual design. For the HMS, the staff would expect to see specific details such as the number of igniters, electrical power sources, IRWST vent area, locations, and diagrams indicating approximate igniter placement. This level of detail also applies to other severe accident design features (e.g., composition of limestone concrete, cavity floor and sump thickness, etc.). The staff also requested a roadmap that would show where the severe accident design features, such as the cavity flooding system, the safety depressuriza- i tion system, the hydrogen mitigation system, and the description of the ' reactor cavity are contained within the System 80+ ITAAC. Eauipment Survivability Under 10 CFR 50.34(f)(2)(ix)(C) Additfonal TNI Requirements, ABB-CE is i required to demonstrate that equipment necessary for achieving and maintaining safe shutdown of the plant and maintaining containment integrity will perform its safety function during and after being exposed to the environmental , conditions attendant with the release of hydrogen generated by the equivalent ! of a 100-percent fuel-clad metal water reaction, including the environmental conditions created by activation of the hydrogen control system. Section 19.11.4.4.1.3 summarized the required instrumentation and equipment ! that may prove useful in helping an operator recover from a severe accident. The list r.eeds to be reevaluated or a rational needs to be provided for not including equipment such as containment radiation monitors, containment temperature monitors, hydrogen monitors, containment penetrations, and the i hydrogen igniters. Also, if this is the list of equipment to meet regulatory , requirements, then it needs to be portrayed as such. It appears that the , severe accident environmental conditions, which would include the effects ' from activating the hydrogen control system, have been defined in Sec- i tion 19.11.4.4.1.4.2.1.2 of the CESSAR. The environmental conditions may also
- need to be reevaluated. The conditions do not appear to bound the best ,
estimate MAAP analyses or consider the effects from a series of smaller burns i over a longer period of time. i The staff indicated that ABB-CE needs to cover the equipment survivability case for all in-vessel sequences (100-percent metal-water reaction) and i expound on the applicability of NTS and HCOG test results. ABB-CE did indicate the use of MAAP to quantify the temperature environment in contain- , ment (approximately 350 *F to 400 'F). NTS results were cited by ABB-CE and ' they stated that the results. demonstrated equipment / instrumentation survival ; at 1300 *F. ABB-CE will reevaluate this area and expand their discussion in j the SSAR. The staff is performing analyses to define the expected severe accident environment inside the System 80+ containment. Further discussions will be needed between the staff and ABB-CE to resolve this issue, once the staff has ' completed its analyses of the severe accident containment environment. : f f
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l
September 7, 1993 The following commitments were made during the meeting: (1) ABB-CE will complete previous commitments related to the design modifica-tions of the HMS. This will include a standard safety analysis report (SSAR) revision to reflect igniter placement criteria and actual igniter locations. ABB-CE will also take the staff's igniter recommendations into account and evaluate the feasibility of locating igniters in the IRWST. : (2) ABB-CE will provide detonation load calculations and evaluation of structural capacity in selected containment areas, as agreed to in the August 2, 1993, meeting. (3) ABB-CE will provide a discussion in the SSAR of the de-inertion/ condensation rate calculations. (4) ABB-CE will review the % scale HCOG test results to extract insights on igniter placement and sparger effects from the BWR suppression pool design. ' (5) ABB-CE will enhance their SSAR discussion hnd evaluation of equipment / i instrumentation survivability with respect to a hydrogen burn environ- ' ment. The NTS and HCOG test results will be reviewed and applied in the evaluation as appropriate. The MAAP code will be used to help quantify . and qualify the environment. ! (6) ABB-CE will provide a roadmap of where the severe accident design features are covered within the System 80+ ITAAC. The staff also indicated that some confirmatory analysis will be performed by the staff to provide added assurance of the adequacy of hydrogen control for System 80+. - At the conclusion of the meeting, ABB-CE indicated that the staff's recommen- i dations appeared to be sound and sensible. Igniter placement in the IRWST was the only recommendation that ABB-CE will have to take into greater consider-ation. An agreement on technical specifications and the level of Tier 1 detail for severe accidents will need to be resolved between NRC and ABS-CE. OriginalSiened Dr - Michael X. Franovich, Project Manager ! Standardization Project Directorate , Associate Directorate for Advanced
- Reactors and License Renewal Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Enclosures:
As stated cc w/ enclosures: See next page DISTRIBUTION. See next page .
*See previous concurrence OFC LA:PDST:ADAR PM:PDST:ADAR BC:SCSB:DSSA SC:PDST:ADAR NAME PSheaf'L _
MFranovich:tz RBarrett* TEssig k \ DATE 09/N/93 09/ 7 /93 09/01/93 09/~7/93IN OFFICIAL RECORD COPY: DOCUMENT NAME: MSUM0812.MXf i
t t i DISTRIBUTION w/ enclosures, j( < Docket File- PDST R/F DCrutchfield t PDR MFranovich RPerch, 8H7 PShea iSnodderly, 801 AMalliakos, NLN344 f', RPalla, 10E4 TKenyon CHozie, 8H7 , l DISTRIBUTION w/o enclosures: 1 TMurley/FMf raglia RBorchardt Jhoore, 15B18 EJordan, MNBB3701 l' AThad:ni, 8E2 RBarrett, 801 JKudrick, BD1 0Chopra, 7E4 ACRS (11) WTravers MVirgilio, 8E2 SMagruder . TWambach i t i 4 1300 5 1 i 1 .- J
ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. Docket No. 52-002 cc: Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Acting Director Nuclear Systems Licensing ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. 1000 Prospect Hill Road Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. C. B. Brinkman, Manager Washington Nuclear Operations ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. . 12300 Twinbrook Parkway. Suite 330 Rockville, Maryland 20352 Mr. Stan Ritterbusch Nuclear Systems Licensing ABB-Combustion Engineering, Inc. 1000 Prospect Hill Road Post Office Box 500 Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 Mr. Sterling Franks U.S. Department of Energy . NE-42 Washington, D.C. 20585 Mr. Steve Goldberg Budget Examiner 725 17th Street, N.W.
- Washington, D.C. 20503 ;
Mr. Raymond Ng ; 1776 Eye Street, N.W. ' Suite 300 Washington, D.C. 20006 Joseph R. Egan, Esquire Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge - 2300 N Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20037-1128 Mr. Regis A. Matzie, Vice President Nuclear Systems Development ABB-Combtstion Engineering, Inc. 1000 Prospect Hill Road i+st Office Box 500 : Windsor, Connecticut 06095-0500 :
l MEETING ATTENDEES AUGUST 12, 1993 t NAME ORGANIZATION T. Wambach NRC M. Franovich NRC R. Barrett NRC J. Kudrick NRC M. Snodderly NRC R. Borchardt NRC A. Halliakos NRC C. Hoxie NRC S. Ritterbusch ABB-CE M. Jacob ABB-CE R. Schneider ABB-CE
- 1. Rudek ABB-CE L. Davis DE&S J. Yang BNL T. Guisberg BNL W. Pratt BNL M. Kenton GKA D. Stamps SNL S. Additon Tenera/ARSAP W. Pasedag DOE P. Lang DOE t
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Hydrogen Analysis & Control - e Hydrogen Igniter Placement Based on Set of 17 Criteria Which Have Been Established Based On: o Containment Geometry o Known Hydrogen Behavior and Experimental Data o insights from MAAP Analysis . A BR Bt SABRMm1W1 E P BP P
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Hydrogen Analysis & Control (Cont.) i E 91 I m t's =r "t +57EM a 77M M6V' r 's == w s ?> 7;2%m e s%m'JW,4 *%'memer Ek N AWM
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o Criteria for Igniter Placement: ' o Placement Along Dominant Flow Path -- o Placement Near Expected Hydrogen Sources e Placement in Closed /Less Well Vented Regions e Multiple Levels of Burning in Dominant Flow Paths o Axial Spacing Based on Floor Spacing o Highly Reliable Power Sources for Minimum Set : o Igniter Pair in Same General Vicinity for Redundancy o independent Power Sources for Igniter Pairs o Ease of Maintainability and Surveillance o No More igniters than Reasonably Necessary A It Et SABRittert 8/16/93
Hydrogen Analysis & Control (Cont.) :
. _ . _ , . _ - _ _ . , _ , _ , - . . . - _ _ _ , , _ ~ _ _ ~ ~ _ . _ . _ - ~ , _ _ .
o Criteria for Igniter Placement: (Cont.) e igniters Placed About 10 Ft Below Closed Surfaces (Floor, Dome, etc.) e Containment Average Concentration to be Below 7% Using Minimum igniter Set o Less than 4 Hours Operation of igniters Should Ensure that the Maximum Hydrogen Concentration is Below 10% e Large Vents on IRWST o igniters in Dominant Flow Path Should Cover a Volume of Less than 50,000 cu ft (Exception: Dome Region) o igniters Placed in Positions Associated with Smaller Secondary Flow Patterns l o Multiple Levels of Burning in Secondary Flow Paths l ! A ER ER SABRittert 8/16/93
t Containment Atmosphere Mixing in System 80+ Design Hydrogen Igniters Thr.oughout Containment
, APPROXIMATE IGNITER PLACEMENTS
[h " l s'1 APPROXIMATELY 80 IGNITERS O I I-w" Ihl 1 v _,g 1 lhi l I A NR 59 7%E550
Hydrogen Analysis and Control :- (Cont.)_ _._ __ _.___,____ ___ _ _ ____ _ __ _ _ _ 6 o ABB-CE Approach to Analysis:
- Hydrogen distribution analysis to determine bulk concentration 1
within various compartments of the containment e Hydrogen stratification evaluations within a compartment to determine concentration gradients a Structural analysis to quantify impact of localized detonation loadings on containment integrity a Review of experimental data to substantiate models and to aid in the placement of hydrogen igniters A It RR stemm aim 7%EFEp
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