Text

Forwards Annual Nonradiological Environ Rept,1981, Vol 1
	ML20050C725
Person / Time
Site:	Beaver Valley
Issue date:	03/29/1982
From:	Carey J; DUQUESNE LIGHT CO.
To:	Haynes R; NRC OFFICE OF INSPECTION & ENFORCEMENT (IE REGION I)
References
	NUDOCS 8204090291
	Download: ML20050C725 (1)
	v • d • e

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I p eer{igeg;d( s u 3 Beaver Valley Power Station g Post Of fice Box 4 Shippingport, PA 15077 y y March 29, 1982 1 1981 Annual Environmental Report Nonradiological - Volume #1 United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Inspection and Enforcement Ronald C. Ilaynes, Regional Administrator Region I 631 Park Avenue King of Prussia, PA 19406

Reference:

Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No. 1 Docket No. 50-334 Gentlemen: Attached are two (2) copies of the 1981 Annual Environmental Report Nonradiological - Volume #1, for the Beaver Valley Power Station. The number of copies provided your office is in accordance with the distribution noted in Regulatory Guide 10.1. Very truly yours, . J. Carey Vice President, Nuclear Attachment cc: J. D. Sieber w/o attachment W. F. Wirth w/o attachment J. W. McIntire w/o attachment Central File w/o attachment 8204090291 82032'9 PDR ADGCK 05000334 v gs R PDR

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I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures....................... v Lis t of Tables....................... vi I. IN TROD UCTION...................... 1 II.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS............... 7 III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE 11 IV. MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS....... 12 MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS.......... 12 HERBICIDES 19 V. MONITORING PROGRAM....... 21 A. AQ U ATIC....................... 21 B. BENTHOS....................... 24 I Objectives 24 Methods 24 Habitats 24 I Community Structure and Spatial Distribution..... 26 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Stations 35 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 35 Summary and Conclusions.............. 31 I C. PHYTOPLANKTON 40 Objectives 40 g Methods 40 m Seasonal Distribution................ 40 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects... 47 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 47 I Summary and Conclusions.............. 47 D. ZOOPLANKTON.................... 52 I Objectives 52 Methods 52 Seasonal Distribution................ 32 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects... 61 I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 61 Summary and Conclusions.............. 63 I I I ..11 Y

I l I TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page E. FISH 64 Obj ecti ve..................... 64 Methods 64 R es ul ts...................... 66 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects. 72 I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 72 Summary and Conclusions.............. 75 F. ICHTHYOPLANKTON 76 I O bj ecti ve..................... 76 Methods 76 R es ul ts...................... 76 I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data 81 Summary and Conclusions.............. 81 G. FISH IMPINGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.7) 83 I Objective. 83 Methods 83 R es ul ts...................... 83 I Comparison of impinged and River Fish........ 88 Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating Intake Bay Collections 88 Summary and Conclusions.............. 93 H. PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT 96 1. Ichthyoplankton.................. 96 I Objective. 96 Methods 96 R es ul ts..................... 96 Seasonal Distribution............... 100 I Spatial Distribution 101 Summary and Conclusions............. 101 l 2. Phy toplankton................... 102 Objective. 102 l Methods 102 I Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples.... 102 Summary and Conclusions............. 103 3. Zooplankton.................... 103 I O bjective.................... 103 l Methods 103 Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples.... 103 Summary and Conclusions............. 104 ,I I iii I ~

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page VI. REFERENCES....................... 105 VII. APPENDIX Assessment of Environmental Impact Relative to Elevated I Discharge Temperatures, Beaver Valley Power Station, July,1981. 1 I I I I I 9 I I I l I l I I i AV

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I LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1-1 VIEW OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POW ER STATIONS.................... 2 E I-2 LOCATION OF STUDY AREA, BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION, SHIPPINGPORT, PENNSYLVANIA 3 I-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE, RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY W ATER SANITATION COMMISSION,1981 5 IV-1 RIVER INTAKE AND DISCHARGE IN OHIO RIVER SHIPPINGPORT AND BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATIONS.. 13 IV-2 W ATER FLOW SCHEMATIC-BEAVER VALLEY POW E R ST ATION.................... 14 V-A-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS...... 22 V-B-1 BENTHOS SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS........... 25 V-B-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF THE BENTHOS COMMUNITY IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND I OPER ATION AL YEARS, BVPS............... 36 V-C-1 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES I IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS............... 43 V-C-2 PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT I S A M P L ES, 19 81, BV PS.................. 48 V-D-1 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS,BVPS...................... 55 I V-D-2 ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT S A M P L ES, 1981, BV PS.................. 38 V-E-1 FISH SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS............. 65 V-F-1 ICHTHYOPLANKTON SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS 77 V-G-1 INTAKE STRUCTURE, BVPS 84 I g

LIST OF TABLES Table Page I-l OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE, RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY W ATER SANITATION COMMISSION,1981.......... 6 IV-1 BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION - HERBICIDES USED, 1981. 20 V-A-1 AQUATIC PROGRAM MONITORING SAMPLING DATES, 19 81, B V P S....................... 23 V-B-1 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS............... 27 V-B-2 MEAN NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHEATA, CHIRONOMIDAE, MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS,1981, BVPS 32 V-B-3 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES, MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES I COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER, M A Y 12, 1981, BV PS................... 33 V-B-4 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES, MEAN OF I TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL, OHIO RIVER SEPTEMBER 22, 1981, BV PS................ 34 V-B-3 MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACRO-INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER 19 8 1, B V P S....................... 37 V-B-6 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES FOR STATION 1 AND STATION 2B DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS... 39 V-C-1 MONTHLY PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES I 19 8 1, B V P S....................... 41 V-C-2 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1981, BVPS........... 44 l8 I I I vi

i I LIST OF TABLES (Continued) V-C-3 DENSITIES OF MOST ABUNDANT PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA I COLLECTED FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, JANUARY THROUGH DECEMBER 1981, BVPS 45 I V-C-4 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES, NEW CUMBERLAND FOOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, BVPS............. 50 V-D-1 MONTHLY ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT t COMPOSITION FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED, 1981,BVPS....................... 54 I V-D-2 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES BY MONTH 1973 THROUGH 1981, OHIO RIVER AND BVPS.......... 56 I V-D-3 DENSITIES OF MOST. ABUNDANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA COLLECTED FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, JANUARY THROUGH DECEMBER 1981, BVPS 59 V-D-4 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES,1981, BVPS........... 60 I V-D-5 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FROM 1973 THROUGH 1981 IN THE OHIO RIVER N E A R BV PS....................... 62 V-E-1 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970 THROUGH 1981, BVPS................ 67 V-E-2 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, ELECTROFISHING, AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF I THE OHIO RIVER,1981, BVPS............... 69 V-E-3 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NET, I ELECTROFISHING, AND MINNOW TRAP IN THE NEW CU 7BERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1981, BVPS... 70 V-E-4 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, I ELECTROFISHING, AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1981, BVPS., 71 I I I vil I

I I LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page V-E-5 ELECTROFISHING CATCH, MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE I NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974 THROUGH 1981, BVPS................ 73 I V-E-6 GILL NET CATCH, MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974 THROUGH 1981, BVPS................ 74 V-F-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES, AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5m PLANKTON NET IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND NEAR BVPS,1981........... 78 V-F-2 DENSITY OF ICHTHYOPLANKTON COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND I NEAR BVPS,1973 THROUGH 1974, 1976 TH ROUG H 1981................... 82 V-G-1 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS,1976 THROUGH 19 81, B V P S....................... 85 V-G-2

SUMMARY

OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMP!NGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER W EEK DURING 1981, BVPS................ 87 V-G-3

SUMMARY

OF IMPINGEMENT SURVEY DATA FOR 1981, BVPS. 89 I V-G-4

SUMMARY

OF FISH COLLECTED !N IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS,1976 THROUGH 1981, BVPS........... 91 V-G-S NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH I COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 19 81, B V P S....................... 92 V-G-6

SUMMARY

OF INVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER W EEK 1981, BVPS.............. 94 V-H-1 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5m i PLANKTON NET AT THE ENTRAINMENT RIVER TRANSECT IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR LVPS,1981 97 I I Viii I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I 1. INTRODUCTION This report presents a summary of the non-radiological environmental data collected by Duquesne Light Company (DLCo) during calendar year 1981, for the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) Unit 1, Operating License No. DPR-66. This I study was initiated in the interest of providing a non-disruptive data base between BVPS Units 1 and 2. This is primarily an optional program, since the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on February 26, 1980, granted DLCo a request to delete all the aquatic monitoring program, with the exception of fish impingement (Amendment No. 25), from the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS). This report contains the requirements for the ETS (Reference 3.1.3.7) fish impingement and all the river data collected in 1981. I SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM The objectives of the 1981 environmental program were: (1) to comply with Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements (2) to review chemical releases and thermal discharges from the statior. to verify that they do not adversely affect public health or the natural environment (3) to assess the possible environmental impact to the plankton, benthos, fish and ichthyoplankton communities in the Ohio River and the impact due to impingement and entrainment as a result of plant operation, and (4) to establish long and short range programs based on data. SITE DESCRIPTION I BVPS is located on the south bank of the Ohio River in the Borough of Shippingport, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, on a 486.8 acre tract of land which is owned by Duquesne Light Company. The Shippingport Station shares the site with BVPS. Figure I-I shows a view of both stations. The site is approximately I mile (1.6 km) f rom Midland, Pennsylvania; 5 miles (8 km) from East Liverpool, Ohio; and 25 miles (40 km) from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Figure I-2 shows the site location in I i 1 I

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I SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I relation to the principal population centers. Population density in the immediate vicinity of the site is relatively low. There are no residents within a 0.5 mile (0.8 I km) radius of either plant. The population within a 5 mile (8 km) radius of the plant is approximately 18,000 and the only area of concentrated population is the Borough of Midland, Pennsylvania, which has a population of approximately 4,300. The site lies along the Ohio River in a valley which has a gradual slope extending f rom the river (elevation 665 f t or 03 m above sea level) to an elevation of 1,160 f t (354 m) along a ridge south of BVPS. Plant entrance elevation at the station is I approximately 735 f t (224 m) above sea level. The station is situated on the Ohio River at river mile 34.8, at a location on the New Cumberland Pool that is 3.3 river miles (5.3 km) downstream from Montgomery Lock and Dam and 19.4 miles (31.2 km) upstream from New Cumberland Lock and Dam. The Pennsylvania-Ohio-West Virginia border is 5.2 river miles (8.4 km) downstream f rom the site. The river flow is regulated by a series of dams and reservoirs on the Beaver, Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers and their tributaries. Flow generally varies from 5,000 to 100,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). The range of flows in 1981 is shown in Figure 1-3 (Table 1-1). Ohio River temperatures generally vary from 32 to 82 F (0 to 28 C). Minimum and maximum temperatures generally occur in January and July / August, respectively. During 1981, minimum temperatures were observed in January and maximum temperatures in July (Figure I-3)(Table I-1). BVPS has a thermal rating of 2,660 megawatts (Mw) and an electrical rating of 852 Mw. The circulating water system is a closed cycle system using a cooling tower to minimize heat released to the Ohio River. Commercial operation of BVPS Unit I began in 1976. I l I I I 4 I

SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 220 - 2 .O ./ L MAXIMUM DAILY AVERAGE T T 16 0 - l l MONTHLY AVERAGE

MINIMUM DAILY AVERAGE g

g 4 E ~ l \\ / '\\ l\\ 120 - f I / \\ / ) f I \\/ V \\ l I ~ l V \\ l / 2 I \\ i g e a-l \\ ,'N l l \\ / \\ ~ t f I \\ / I \\ j 40 - I (% / '/ g . 7 ~ ~. g - -. I O I I I I I I I I I I I I I I / 80 - f g I / \\ / \\ / \\ I 70 - f \\ / \\ g / \\\\ \\. \\x w 60 - / ~ / g \\ b \\ 50 - / a \\ 2 / \\ w I f \\ / / \\. ^ ~ I 30 l J l F I M l A IM lJ lJ l A lS I O I N l 0 l 1981 FIGURE I-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cis) AND TEMPERATURE (OF) D.ECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOCL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALL'JY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSANCO), 1981 5

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M No TABLE I-l Z OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TEMPERAWRE (o ) RECORDED AT F EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSANCO) 1981 G Month J P M A M J J A S O N D Flow (cfs x 10 ) kO Z C Maximum Daily Average 39.0 219.0 106.0 146.0 113.0 142.0 39.0 28.0 54.0 87.0 61.0 120.0 rA Monthly Average 21.0 86.0 53.0 67.0 51.0 64.0 21.0 14.0 25.0 28.0 35.0 49.0 n1 z Zm f{ Minimum Daily Average 15.0 28.0 26.0 27.0 22.0 27.0 11.0 8.0 11.0 13.0 18.0 26.0 O 2 Zq

k Temperature ( F) hO Z O Maximum Daily Value 38 50 51 60 69 75 82 80 81 67 54 42

$u r> yk Monthly Average 34 36 43 57 62 72 79 79 73 61 47 38 o Minimum Daily value 32 34 40 51 56 67 74 77 67 57 41 35 Op-i

SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I II.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS The 1981 BVPS Unit I non-radiological environmental monitoring program included surveillance of thermal and chemical effluents and Ohio River aquatic life. This is the sixth year of operational monitoring and, as in the previous operational monitoring years, no evidence of adverse environmental impact to the Ohio River was observed. Thermal and chemical elfluent monitoring included measurement of temperature ' and free available chlorine at the outf all, pH at the chemical waste sump and chromates at the low level waste drain tank. During 1981, the temperature at the BVPS outfall above the 94 F limit was exceeded by 1 and 2 F on July 8 and 9, respectively. This increase was due to high ambient intake water temperatures coupled with high air temperatures and humidity. Because the temperature change I was gradual and mixing occurred rapidly in the discharge area, no adverse effects were expected to impact the biological populations. However, a Special Thermal Study was conducted to assess any possible effects that could have occurred. The - results of this Special Thermal Study are presented as an Appendix to this report. Chlorine levels were also exceeded during 1981, however, due to either high chlorine demands of the river or large dilution factors during these discharges, no adverse effects should have resulted. The other limits for pH or chromates were I not exceeded. The aquatic environmental mcnitoring program included: benthos, fish, ichthyo-plankton, impingement and plankton (ichthyo, phyto, and zoo) entrainment. Sampling was conducted for benthos and fish upstream and downstream of the plant during 1981 to assess potential impacts of BVPS discharges. These data were also compared to preoperational and other operational data to assess long term trends. Impingement and entrainment data were assessed to determine the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plant use. The following statements summarize the I findings of each program element and results of impact assessment. The benthic macroinvertebrate community, organisms living in or on the bottom substrates of the river, during 1981 was similar to communities observed during I !I 7 I t

SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I other operational years (1976 through 1980) and preoperational years (1972 through 1975). The predominant macroinvertebrates were oligochaete worms. These comprised more than 80% of the total each year since 1972. Common genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Ilyodrilus, Aulodrilus, Branchiura, Peloscolex and Tubifex. Chironomid (midge) larvae, frequently the second most abundant group of macroinvertebrates, comprised less than 10% of the total each year. During 1981, fingernail clams (Sphaeriidae) accounted for a slightly higher percent composition than chironomid larvae. Dominance of worms throughout the BVPS study area and during all survey years was primarily related to substrate consistency. Substrates were predominantly sof t, unstable muds with only minor quantities of sand, clay and pebble. Sof t unstable mud is conducive to worm proliferation. The Asiatic I clam (Corbicula), which was ccilected from 1974 through 1978, was also present in 1981 collections. These clams were not collected during 1979 or 1980. Analysis of data for Control and Non-Control Stations found no evidence to indicate that thermal and chemical effluents released from BVPS Unit I were adversely affecting the Ohio River benthos. Phytoplankton and zooplankton, microscopic plant and animal life suspended in the Ohio River, were typical of temperate flowing waters. The composition and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton during 1981 was basically I the same as those observed in other operational and preoperational years. Phytoplankton during 1981 exhibited a bimodal pattern of abundance with peaks in the late spring and early fall. Phytoplankton declined af ter September to minimal densities during the winter. Zooplankton, which feed upon the phytoplankton, displayed an abundance pattern similar to phytoplankton. All differences in plankton populations were related to natural variability. Results of sampling and I analyses during 1981 gave no evidence to indicate that BVPS Unit 1 3peration adversely af f ected the phytoplankton and zooplankton on the Ohio River. Fish surveys, conducted during May, July, September and November, collected a total of 1,546 fish in 1931. Collection methods included: electrofishing, gill nets, l and minnow traps. The majority of fish (1,196) were captured by electrofishing. Approximately 72% of the electrofishing catch consisted of emerald shiners. lI 3 I

SECTION 11 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Channel catfish (15 fish) comprised the majority of the (46) gill netted fish. Carp, sauger, walleye, and freshwater drum were the other species representing the next I highest numbers of fish netted. Minnow traps collected 304 fish, 85.2% of which were emerald shiners. I Variations in annual total catches have occurred during preoperational and opera-tional years. They have occurred primarily because of fluctuations in numbers of small species (principally minnows and shiners). Larger fish (carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch, wa!! eye and sauger) have remained common species I near BVPS. Members of toe pike family, northern pike and muskellunge, not collected during preoperational years were collected 1977 through 1981. Their presence and the presence of other sport fish is important because it demonstrates that the Ohio River is meeting the minimum water quality, habitat and food requirements of these desirable sport fish. I Differences in fish species composition which were observed upstream and down-stream of PVPS probably reflect habitat preferences of individual species. No evidence was found to indicate that fish the community near BVPS have been adversely affected by BVPS operation. No fish classified as endangered or threatened by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania were collected. I Ichthyoplankton (fish eggs, larvae and juveniles) data were evaluated to determine spawning activity near BVPS and in particular spawning in the back channel of Phillis Island. S;uwning activity was limited to June and July with little activity in April and May. Cyprinids (minnows and nrps) accounted for 83.8% of the 72 I larvae collected. Only 7 eggs were collected. Data collected from 1973 through 1981 in the back channel of Phillis Island, the channel receiving the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS, indicated that this channel was not used any more extensively for spawning purposes than main channel areas. No evidence was found to indicate BVPS operation was adversely affecting the ichthyoplankton of the Ohio River. I I 9 I j

SECTION !! DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Impingement surveys were conducted for one 24 hour period per week in 1981. A total of 141 fish weighing 0.94 kg (2.07 lbs) was collected. Channel catfish (37.1%), emerald shiner (26.4%), and gizzard shad (12.1%) composed 75.6% of the annual catch. Of the 141 fish collected, 37 (26.2%) were alive and returned via the discharge pipe to the Ohio River. The majority of fish were less than 100 mm in I length. The 1981 annual impingement catch was less than 1979 (262 fish),1978 (654 fish),1977 (10,322 fish) and 1976 (9,102 fish). However, it was slightly more than the 1980 collection (108 fish). Entrainment studies were performed to investigate the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plant use on the plankton (ichtyo, phyto, and zoo). I Entrainment river transect surveys for ichthyoplankton were conducted to ascer-tain any changes in spawning activity occurring in the Ohio River adjacent to the I BVPS intake. As in previous years, ichthyoplankton were most abundant in June and July; collections were dominated by cyprinid (minnows and carps) larvae. Assuming actual entrainment rates were similar to those found in 1976 through 1979, river abundance of ichthyoplankton indicate no substantial entrainment losses should have occurred in 1981 due to the operation of BVPS. Assessment of monthly phytoplankton and zooplankton data indicated that under worst case conditions of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.2% of the phytoplankton and zoo-I plankton would be withdrawn by the BVPS intake. This is considered as a negligible loss of phytoplankton and zooplankton relative to river populations. I I I lI I 'I 10 I

i SECTION Ill DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 'I III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE in accordance with BVPS Unit i ETS, Appendix B to Operating License No. DPR-66, significant environmental change analyses were required on benthos, phytoplankton, and zooplankton data. However, on February 26, 1980, the NRC I granted DLCo a request to delete all the aquatic monitoring program, with the exception of fish impingeraent, from the ETS (Amendment No. 25, License No. DPR-66). Therefore, this report deals with fish impingement and optional programs initiated by DLCo in the interest of providing a non-disruptive data base between BVPS Units I and 2. I I I I I I I I I I I I 11 I

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I IV. MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS Most of the water required for the operation of BVPS is taken from the Ohio River and discharged at points shown in Figure IV-1. Figure IV-2 is a schematic diagram of liquid flow paths for BVPS. I There are four parameters identified in the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS) which must be monitored, and if limits are exceeded, reported. The four parameters are: 1. Temperature at the outfall 2. Free Available Chlorine at the outfall 3. pH at the chemical waste sump 4. Chromates at the lov/ level waste drain tank I In addition, the amounts of chemicals released to the environment are noted in the BVPS, Unit i Environmental Statement and are listed below: Source Material Released Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste Na SO 2 4 Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste Na SO 2 4 Water Sof tener Waste Nacl Cooling Tower Biocide C1 2 Reactivity Control H B0 3 3 Corrosion Control K Cr 0 2 27 All of the above chemicals were released during 1981. I I I 12 I

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SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I = i turonA=os tassas I I asAm vn:.rr tsu sTurcs coc:.sc cvn l l N5? rLk,, _oi s / s I ru oA12 Ano M ,r e tty c:= g gur co=c3ta I mm AMD GZ11213 db l I , - = am sY3:Et i i I h 1P' eP REAc=t surtcz r1AET 30tLZ1 SA: 31T kA:Z1 I ST37Dt1 sT3TZH. SYSTCt 573T:21 l l J. ) \\

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SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I I Results Limiting Conditions for Operation I The range observed during 1981 for each of the four parameters monitored in liquid effluents which have specified limits are as follows: Discharged in Parameter Limits 1981 I Temperature at the outfall 94 F (4 hrs.) 36 to 96 F I Free Available Chlorine at the outfall 0.5 mg/l 0.0 to 1.32 mg/l pH at the chemical waste sump 6.0 to 9.0 6.0 to 9.0 Chromates at the low level waste drain tank 0.05 mg/l less than 0.05 mg/l I During 1981, the limits for Temperature and Free Available Chlorine were exceeded. Explanations concerning these values are as follows:

1. Temperature The cooling tower blowdown discharge temperature reporting level of greater than 94 F over a four hour period was exceeded on July 8,1981 for approximately I hour peaking at 95 F and on July 9,1981 for 5 hours, peaking at 96 F.

The blowdown temperature exceeded 94 F because the ambient air available for cooling was extremely hot and humid. Because of river dilution and the gradual change in discharge temperature, it is suspected that no adverse effect to local biota occurred. A Special Thermal Study utilizing actual field data and literature refercaces is presented in an Appendix to this report.

2. Free Ava!!able Chlorine On April 27, 1981, the free chlorine measured at the outfall structure exceeded the maximum limit of 0.5 mg/l and the duration of condenser tube chlorination I

exceeded the 2 hour time limit. The reason was due to a communication problem between personnel as to what portions of the system were in service. The overchlorination was stopped when analysis at the outf all structure noted an unusual rise in the amount of free chlorine in the discharge. The impact on the I 15 I

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I river ecosystem should have been minimal and was contained within the local mixing zone. At the time of discharge, the river dilution factor was high as was I the cnlorine demand of the river. On May 15,1981, twenty minutes following chlorination of the main unit condenser the free chlorine peaked at 0.26 mg/l over the maximum limit of 0.5. During the 2 hour chlorination period, the time averaged limit of 0.2 mg/l was exceeded by 0.06. The reason was due to an increase in the normal chlorine dosage supplied to the main unit condenser in anticipation of a high chlorine demand. The higher demand I was suspected due to a prior period of several days when the main condenser chlorinator was out of service for repair. The impact on the river ecosystem should have been minimal and was contained within the local mixing zone. At the time of discharge, the river dilution factor was high as was the chlorine demand of the river. On August 7,1981, the main unit condenser chlorination limit of 2 hours per day was exceeded by $5 minutes. The reason was the chlorine evaporator was isolated due to a suspected chlorine leak. This action coincident with the malfunction of I the evaporator electric heater controls e.used the accidental high pressure condition in the evaporator. To relieve the pressure, the chlorine was released to the condenser via the raw water system. The temperature controller which ;aused the heater malfunction was replaced. Monitoring during and af ter the hlorine release to the condenser detected no release of free residual chlorine into the river. I e On November 16, 1981, an overchlorination of the main unit condenser occurred causing the discharge limits for free residual chlorine and the 2 hour per day chlorination time limit to be exceeded. Continuous chlorination occurred over an 11 hour period with the highest recorded free chlorine residual of 1.32 mg/l occurring 1/2 hour af ter termination. The 0.5 mg/l limit was reached 50 minutes later. The reason was due to an oversight during shif t turnover when personnel l failed to log that the chlorination system was in the manual position. The chlorination monitoring procedures were changed to prevent reoccurrence and the chlorine monitors were returned to service. l l 16

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Chemicals Released Estimated Amount

Actual Amount I

Source Released (Ib/yr) Released (Ib/yr) Cation - Anion 20,000 347,100 I Neutralized Waste (Sodium Sulf ate) Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste 5,000 31,360 I (Sodium Sulfate) Water Sof tener Waste 15,000 181,400 (Sodium Chloride) Cooling Water Biocide 2,380 191 (Chlorine) Reactivity Control 20,000** 12,663 (Boric Acid) Corrosion Control 4.5 less than 1

By inventory differential or calculated usage.
- Indicates previous approved change in Technical Specification, Appendix B, Amendment No.15.

Tl:e amounts discharged exceeded the estimated release values in all cases exc ?t cooling water biocide, reactivity control and corrosion control (hexavalent chromium). The increased use rate was attributed to the following: Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste The water demands for BVPS continue to be greater than originally estimated. The amount discharged in 1981 was somewhat lower than that experienced during years of similar power production. Although the amount of sodium sulfate exceeded original estimates, adverse effects to the ecosystem were not suspected. A special assessment (study) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium sulfate on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "B"). The special assessment (study) concluded that no adverse affects to aquatic life wottid be expected if the annual release of sodium sulfate was increased to 700,000 I I 17 l I

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I lb/ year due to low release concentration, short exposure time and the minimal amount released in comparison with natural levels in the Ohio River. Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste The discharge of mixed bed waste was in the expected proportion to that of 'the cation - anion neutralized waste. As noted above, an assessment of the impact of sodium sulfate on the ecosyst"m in the Ohio River was presented in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "B"). Water Sof tener Waste The use of sof t water increased beyond that originally estimated because man-power levels at the station (both in-plant personnel, as well as contractors) were much larger than originally predicted. Although the amount of sodium chloride released to the environment exceeded original estimates, the amounts discharged should not have harmed the ecosystem. A special assessment (study) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium chloride on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report I (Appendix "C"). The special assessment (study) concluded that the release of 250,000 pounds of salt (Nacl) annually will not adversely affect aquatic life in the Ohio River. Cooling Water Biocide The average f ree available chlorine concentration is limited to 0.2 mg/l over a 2 hour period per day. Based on actual analyses and blowdown flow, the total chlorine released during 1981 was 191 pounds. This amount was well below original estimates. Reactivity Control The amount of boric acid use during 1981 was determined by actual analyses of all radwaste discharged. This amount was below estimates noted in Amendment 15 of the BVPS Technical Specifications. I 18 l

SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Corrosion Control The a.nount hexavaient chromate released in 1981 was obtained using chemical analyses of all reactor plant discharges. The maximum chromate discharged, based on total liquid radwaste discharged in 1981 and the detectable level of chromate, was less than one pound. This also is well below original estimates. HERBICIDES Herbicides were used for weed control at the Beaver Valley switchyard. During 1931, none of the transmission line right-of-ways leaving the BVPS site were treated with herbicides. Areas specifically designated for protection and restriction from herbicide application have not been sprayed. No accidental spills of herbicides occurred during the year. Table IV-1 summarizes the useage of herbicides at the BVPS,1981. I I I I I I 19 I

m M M M M M M M M wm Od OZ 2 TABLE IV-1 BEAVE3t VALLET POWER STATION - HERBICIDES USED 1981 >O 2 h Concentration Method and Location Herbicide of Active Rate of Frequency of Wind Aerial Date p) (= Used Type Materials App 1tcation Application conditions Application Applied Au BVPS Carlon 3A Trictopyr 3 gal / acre Foliage Cala No July 11 p Switchyard Tordon 101 Pictoran Orce Security Fence 2-4-D %== Shippingport Oy 2 -4 ? BVPS Ureabor Sodium I lb/50 Spreader cart, Calm to No Various b Substation Metaborate sq.ft. one complete Average dates to 2 Yard Tetrahydrate coverage of 5 to 10 mph completion yy 66.5% elagged yard, p> Boron Trinide applied yearly gZ Soditan chlorate m "< 304 T Bromatil 1.54 O N ~4 l l l l 4

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I V. MONITORING PROGRAMS A. AQUATIC The environmental study area established to assess potential impacts consisted of three sampling transects (Figure V-A-1). Transect 1 is located at river mile (RM 34.5) approximately 0.3 mi (0.5 km) upstream of BVPS and is the Control Transect. Transect 2 is located approximately 0.5 mi (0.3 km) downstream of the BVPS discharge structure. Transect 2 is divided by Phillis Island. The main channel is designated Transect 2A and the back channel Transect 28. Transect 2B is the principal Non-Control Transect because the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS Unit I are released to the back channel. Transect 3 is located approximately 2 mi (3 km) downstream of BVPS. . Sampling , for each of the above program elements are presented in Table V-A-1. The following sections of this report present a summary of findings for each of the program elements. I I I l 21

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R STATION FIGURE V-A-1 SAMPl.ING TRANSEC~.'S IN Tile VICINITY OF Tile BEAVER VALLEY AND SiiIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS

M M M M M O M M W-M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-A-1 %n AQUATIC PROGRAM MONI'IORING SAMPLING DATES d 1981, BVPS h Entrainment Plankton Month Benthos Fish Impingement Ichthyoplankton (Phyto and Zoo) JAN 2,16,23,30 23 FEB 2,13,20,27 13 MAR 6,13,20,27 13 zCO APR 3,18,24 20 18 [rn u rn z MAY 12 12,13 1,8,15,22,29 12 15 2 rn hC u W JUN 6,12,19,26 17 19 o{ z-hn JUL 22,23 3,10,17,24,31 22 20 2 O jk AUG 7,16,21,28 16 r>g( SEP 22 22,23 4,11,18,25 25 t OCT 2,9,16,23,30 23 Q -I NOV 23,24 6,13,20,27 20 l DEC 4,11,18,24,31 11

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I B. BENTHOS Objectives To characterize the benthos of the Ohio River near BVPS and to determine the impact,if any, of BVPS operations. Methods Benthic surveys were performed in May and September,1981. Benthos samples were collected at Stations 1, 2A, 2B and 3 (Figure V-B-1), using a Ponar grab sampler. Duplicate samples were taken at Stations 1, 2A and 3. Sampling at Station 2B,in the back channel of Phillis Island, consisted of a single ponar grab at the south, middle and north side of the cha.inel. I Each grab was washed within a U.S. Standard No. 30 sieve and the remains placed in a bottle and preserved with 10% formalin. In the laboratory, macroinvertebrates were sorted from each sample, identified to the lowest possible taxon and counted. 2 Mean densities (numbers /m ) for each taxon were calculated for each of two replicates and three back channel samples. Three species diversity indices were calculated: Shannon-Weiner and Evenness indices (Pielou 1969), and the number of species (taxa). I Habitats Substrate type was an important factor in determining the composition of the benthic community. Two distinct benthic habitats exist in the Ohio River near BVPS. These habitats were the result of damming, channelization, and river traffic. Shoreline habitats were generally sof t muck substrates composed of sand, sitt and detritus. An exception occurs along the north shoreline of Phillis Island at I Station 2A where clay and sand predominate. The other distinct habitat, hard \\I substrate, is located at midriver. The hard substrate may have been initially caused by channelization and scoured by river currents and turbulence from commercial boat traffic. E I 5 24 E

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TR ANSMISSION LINE L EY

(,',,,,,,, PO ER ST T p STATION FIGURE V-B-1 BENT 110S SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Thirty-five macroinvertebrate taxa were identified during the 1981 monitoring I program (Table V-B-1). Species composition during 1981 was similar to previous preoperational (1973 through 1975) and operational (1976 through 1981) years. The macroinvertebrate assemblage during 1981 was composed primarily of borrowing organisms typical of sof t unconsolidated substrates. Oligochaetes (worms) and chironomid (midge) larvae were abundant (Tables V-B-2, V-B-3, and V-B-4). Common genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Aulodrilus, Peloscolex and Stephensoniana. Common genera of chironomids were Procladius, Coelotanypus and Cryptochironomus. The Asiatic clam (Corbicula), which was collected from 1974 through 1978, was also present in 1981 collections. None were collected during 1979 or 1980. I No ecologically important additions of species were identified nor were any threatened or endangered species collected during 1981. Community Structure and Spatial Distribution Oligochaetes accounted for the highest percentages of the macroinvertebrates at all sampling stations (Table V-B-2). Oligochaetes accounted for a greater I percentage of the macroinvertebrate community at Stations 1 and 3 as compared to Stations 2A and 2B where chironomidae and mollusca were usually common. In general, the density of macroinvertebrates during 1981 was lowest at Station 2A and higher at Stations I and 3 where substrates near the shore were composed of sof t mud or various combinations of sand and silt. Lower abundance at Station 2A in September samples was probably related to substrate conditions (clay and sand) along the north shore of Phillis Island. Density and species composition variations observed within the BVPS study area was due primarily to habitat differences and the tendency of certain types of macroinvertebrates (e.g., oligochaetes) to cluster. Overall, abundance and species composition within the study area were similar. This conclusion was based on an understanding of habitat differences and species observed near BVPS. E E 26

O E N U N E TABLE V-B-1 (A SYSTEMTIC LIST OF MACROINVEkTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL iTI AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN THE CHIO kIVER NEAR O BVPS _O Preoperational Operational 2 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Porifera Sponqilla fragilis X Cnidaria Hydrozoa Clavidae Q Cordyloghora lacustris X I X X Hydridae co Craspedacusta sowerby1 X >U Hyr!ra sp. X X X X X X X 22 C Platyhelminthes C Tricladida X X X X Rhetx3ocoela X X X I u 171 2 Nemettea X X X 2M Nematoda X X X X X X X X X I r* tJ -J Entroprocta Og Urnatella gracilis X X X X X X X X X 2 H Ectoprocta OO Federteella sp. X X Paludicella articulata qg X X Pectinatella sp. X yg p> Plianatella sp. X 2 Annelida iTI < 011gochaeta m Aeolosomatidae O X X X X Enchytraeidae X X X X X X X d Naididae Amphichaeta leydigli X Amphichaeta sp. X Areteonaia 1canondi X X Autophorus sp. X X Chaetogaster diaphanus X I X X X C. diastrottus I X Dero dp itata X X X D. nivea X X Dero sp. X X X X X X X X i l

E O N h E h TABLE V-B-1 (Continued) P reoper ational Oper at t onal 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 3981 n Nai s t>ar bata X y N. bretscheri 1 X X X M. communis I X N. elingui s X

h. variabilis X

W4.is sp. X X X X X X X X O@i&mais serpentina X Paranais frici I X X X X X X X Paranals sp. X Pristina omborni X X P. alma X e Pristina sp. X [ Slavine appendiculata I Ste @ensoniana trivandrana X X X X g Stylaria lacustris X 7c Uncinals uncinata X g Tubtficidae y (C Aulodrilus linnobius I X X X X X X X X p Tl A. piqueti X X X X X X X X g A. E uripeta X X X X X X l 7g Borthrioneurtus vejdovskyanum I X X X X X <gC y Branchiura sowetbyl I X X X X X X O CD flyadrilus templeton1 1 X X X X X X X X O 1 Limnodritus cerviu I X X X X X X L. cerwin (variant) X X X X X X X d L. claparedelanus I X X X X X X X %O L. hoffmeister1 X X X X X X X X X zO L. spira g X X X HE L. udekemianus I X X X X X X X X >T Limnodeilus sp. X I> P Eoncoles multisetonus longidentua X X 3 I % 2 N P. m. multisetosus X X X X X X X X X TTI Potamothrix moldaviensie X X Psammoryctides curvisetosus X Tubtfez tabtfez X X X X X X q Unidentified 1sumature format with hair chaetae X X X X X X X X X without hair chactae X X Y X X X X X X Lumbriculidae Hirudinea Glossiphon!!dae Helobdella s.'egnalis X Helodhella sp. X Erpobde11idae Erpobde1Ia sp. I Mooreobde11a mierostoma X X l

L/t TABLE V-B-1 (ContinueJ) MO Preoperational Operational d 1973 1974 1975 1976 1917 1979 1979 1980 1931 O Atthropoda Z Acerina I I E Ostracuda I X X hphipoda talittidas nyallela anteca 1 1 Caesa r idae Cranganys peeadograellis E e Crangonvu sp. j I Gannarus fasciatus 1 E Cannarus sp. I E E E E E E Decapoda Collembolla I 7Q E -j C A EF eep'apteea gd ueptagentidae I I yC Stenac g sp. p (TI 1 Stenonema sp. Caenidae I 7 Caenis sp. I 1 4F y Tricosythodes sp. E Q Ephemeridae N3 O EIAene g sp. 2g I stegloptera -{ Statis sp. Odonata X -a= g O camp.!dae p q De m ymphus spoliatus yg E Decm>3amphus sp. p-p E G w N s sp. 7 I E I E Trichoptera q Psyct g idae g g eentrotus sp. O E Rydropsychidae y X Cheumatopsyche sp. I E g Bydropsyche sp. I Hydroptilidae MyJroptila sp. 1 Oxyethira sp. I Leptoceridae Oecette op. 1 I Coleoptera I Nydroght). 1 Elaidae Ancy.y_ erlegatus I Dubtra'l j sp. I E E He14chu. sp. I Stenelais sp. I E E Fsephenidae I

m M M W-mM W m W m M M M M v. JAB 12 V-B-1 (Continued) MO Preoperational Operational d _1973 _1974 _1975 _1976 _1977 _1978 _1979 _1980 _1981 O7 Diptera Unidentified Diptera X X X X X X Psychodidae I Pericoma sp. I Psyc Mia sp. I Telmatosco g rp. I Unidentified Psychodidae pupae 1 Chaoboridae Chaoborus sp. I E I E I I E Simulidae >O Sisilium sp. E 7 Chirottamid e Chironominae 7 C I cO Chironominae pupa I yC Chironomus sp. X X X X X X X p (Tl Cryptochironomus sp. I I I I I I I I E Dicrotendipes nervoeus X g 7 Dicrotendipes sp. E I I <[ G1yptotendiges sp. X X O Harnischia sp. T X X X X X X C) Micropsectra sp. 1 Z Microtendipes sp. I d Parachironomus sp. I g Polypedilum (s.a.) convictum type E P. (s.s.) simulans type X 7 Q qg Polyp;Jilum sp. E E I yg Rhectanytarsus sp. X X X X X py SterWhironomus sp. I I I I

f, Stictochironomus sp.

I Tanyta g sp. E E X tenypodinae g O Ablabesmyla sp. X X X y Coelotanypus scapularis I X X X X H Procladius (Procladius) E I Procladius sp. X X X X X X X X X Thienemannisyte group I X X X X Iavrelimyia sp. I Orthocladiinae I Cricotopus bicinctus I C. (s.o.) trifascia X Cricotopus (Isocladius) sylvestris Group I C. (Isocladius) sp. I cricotopus (s.a.) sp. I E E E Eukiefferiella sp. I I X y drobaenus sp. E Limnophyes sp. I Nannocladius (s.o.) distinctus I I I I I Nannocladius sp. I

LA MO TABLE V-8-1 (Continued) O Preoperationa L Operational 2 1971 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 <C Orthocladius sp. I I I E E I Parametrtornemus sp. I I Para @aenocladius sp. I E Psectrocladius sp. I E Pseudorthocladius sp. I w Pseudosaittia sp. I I [ Smittia sp. I I I I E Diamesinae Diamesa sp. I >O 2 Potthastla sp. I 2 C Caratopogonidae E E E I I Dolicho M idae CO 1 E >C Empididae E I I I F Wiedemannia sp. E Ephydridae p7 I Muscidae 2m I E Rhagionidae E y" O La Tipulidae E H Str at tomy tidae X O % Syrphidae 7 I d Lepidoptera X I E hollusca gQ Gcstropoda 7Q Ancylidae y3 y= "O Perrissia sp. E E E E Planorbidae F )* I 2 Valvatidae y Valvata perdepressa mM Pelucypoda T I Corbicutidae O Corbicula man 11ensis W-X X X X X X H Sphaeridae I I E Pisidium sp. I I Sphaerium sp. I I I I E Unidentified immature Sphaertidae X X X Unionidae Anadonta grandia I Elliptio sp. i 1 Unidentified lassature Unionidae X X I E

m W M M M M M M W W W W m W m W W W W Mn TABLE V-B-2 -1 o2 MEAN NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHALTA, CHIRONOMIDAE, POLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS,1981 BVPS G Station 1 2A 2B 3 y i/m 4 9/m 4/m (/m C CD >C May 12 r-@ Oligochaeta 199 95 30 75 416 91 336 94 rn 2 Chironomidae 10 5 10 25 26 6 20 6 $ "3 U Mollusca 7 2 %O-Others 7 2 y r-i Totals 209 100 40 100 456 101 356 100 rn O September 22 %h Oligochaeta 2,055 94 784 72 430 47 2,819 91 >m Chironomidae 80 4 209 19 41 4 149 5 F> $k Mollusca 40 2 90 8 408 45 99 3 Others 10 33 4 20 1 g Totals 2,185 100 1,083 99 912 100 3,087 100 p -1

E U M M M M E E E E W W E U M E M M E M; TABLE V-B-3 O Hb BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE 7 FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL OHIO RIVER, MAY 12, 1981 BVPS Station 1 2A 2B 3 Taxa D 2 C Bryozoa CO %h Urnatella gracilis + + + Annelida rn$ Oligochaeta Z rn fC Enchytraeidae 20 7 20 w Lumbriculidae 7 o 0x Stephensoniana trivandrana 20 2s Aulodrilus limnobius 13 hn Limnodeilus cervix 30 13 2 O $h L. hoffmeisteri 30 99 138 Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 119 270 158 r> yk Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 7 Arthropoda m Cladocera 7 Diptera a Procladius 10 30 26 20 Nanocladius 10 Mollusca Corbicula 7 Total 209 40 456 356 + Indicates organisms present.

m W M M M M M M M M M M m W W W W W W TABLE V-B-4 u BENTIIIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Individuals /m ), MEAN OF TRIPLICATE FOR BACK CHANNEL AND DUPLICATE SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE MAIN CHANNEL -j OHIO RIVER "EPTEMBER 22, 1981 O f BVPS 4 Station 1 2A 2B 3 Taxa Nematoda 10 20 ~ Bryozoa ho Urnatella gracilis + Annelida Z C Oligochaeta Dero sp. 10 r-m Stephensoniana trivandra 59 7 89 mZ Stylaria lacustris 10 %h y Aulodeilus limnobius 69 129 53 119 Aulodrilus piqueti 20 40 257 O :r Branchiura sowerbyi 10 30 hH Ilyodeilus templetoni 20 in O $h Limnodrilus cervix 10 40 20 L. hoffmeisteri 247 80 20 119 >T [.udekemianus 20 13 Peloscolex multisetosus 20 m "< Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 1,294 336 310 1,394 ] Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 316 119 27 781

o Arthropoda H

Gammarus 13 Diptera Chaoborus 10 Coelotanypus sp. 10 30 13 89 Cryptochironomus sp. 10 30 7 Harnischia 7 Procladius sp. 60 149 7 60 Rheotanytarsus 7 Mollusca Corbicula 40 90 408 99 Total 2,185 1,073 912 3,087 + Indicates organisms present.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Comparison of Control and Non-Control Stations I No adverse impact to the benthic community was observed during 1981. This was based on data analyses between Stations 1 (Control) and 2B (Non-Control) and assessment of species composition and densities. I Data indicate that oligochaetes were usually predominant throughout the study area (Figure V-B-2). Most abundant taxa at Stations 1 and 2B in May and September were immature tubificids without capilliform chaetae (Tables V-B-3 and V-B-4). The oligochaetes which were common or abundant at both stations during May were Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Limnodrilus cervix. In September, the oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Limnodrilus udekemianus and Autodrilus limnobius were common to both Station 1 and 28. In addition, L. hoffmeisteri and A_. limnobius were the dominant worms collected from Station 1 and 2B in September. Frequently a greater variety of organisms was found at Station 2B as compared to Station 1. This usually resuhs in a slightly higher Shannon-Weiner diversity and evenness at Station 2B (Table V-B-5). The mean r-:. ar of taxa and Shannon-I Weiner indices for the back channel were within the range of values observed for otner stations in the study area. Differences observed between Station 1 (Control) and 2B (Non-Control) and between other stations could be related to differences in habitat. None of the differences were related to BVPS operation. I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Composition, percent occurrence and overall abundance of macroinvertebrates has changed little from preoperational years through the current study year. Oligochaetes have predominated the community each year and they composed 85% I ( of the community in 1981 (Figure V-B-2). A similar oligochaete assemblage has been reported each year. Chironomids and mollusks have composed the remaining f ractions of the community each year. The potential nuisance clam, Corbicula, had increased in abundance from 1974 through 1976, but declined in number af ter 1977. No Corbicula were collected during 1979 or 1980. Small Corbicula were collected j in the 1981 benthic surveys. I I 35 I ~

TR H M M M M M M M M M W M M M M M M N OLlGOCH AET A CHIRONOMIDAE ALL OTilERS wm 100 O -t3 90 2 ~ 80 G 70 g y 60 2 0

p

>C y 50 o m2m dr y a. 40 2{ y 30 h@E' -t 20 >T F> p2 m4 10 I m g O p O M DE N M s1970-72 1973 1974 1975; y976 1977 1978 197 9 1980 19 81, PRE-OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL YEARS YEARS FIGURE V-B-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF TIIE BENT 110S C0FDIUNITY IN TllE 01110 RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YFARS

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M m rnOd TABLE V-B-5 Og MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER, 1981 BVPS C Station gg Date 1 2A 2B 3 Z C May 12 CO >C rM No. of Taxa 5 2 11 5 rn$ Sharinon-Weiner Index 1.30 0.41 1.72 1.75 2 rn u Evenness 0.88 0.81 1.22 0.75 d C -J Mn Oy September 22 2q 3' rn O No. of Taxa 15 11 15 14 2 O $k Shannon-Weiner Index 2.00 2.96 1.94 2.43 Evenness 0.58 0.87 0.72 0.66 r- > 2 N< rn

l N

O NH

3 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 3 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Total macroinvertebrate densities for Station 1 (Control) and 2B (Non-Control) for 3 each year since 1973 are presented in Table V-B-6. Mean densities of macro-A invertebrates have gradually increased from 1973 through 1976 (BVPS Unit I start-up) until the current study year 1981. Mean densities were frequently higher in the back channel of Phillis Island (Non-Control) as compared to densities at Station 1 (Control). In years when mean densities were lower at Station 2B than at Station 1 the differences were negligible. These differences could be related to substrate and variability and randomness of sample grabs. Higher total densities of macroinvertebrates in the back channel (Station 2B) as compared to Station I was I probably due to the morphology of the river. Mud, silt sediments and slow current were predominant at Station 2B creating conditions more favorable for burrowing macroinvertebrates in comparison to Station 1, which has little protection from currents and commercial boat traffic. I Summary and Conclusions Substrate composition was probably the most important factor controlling the benthic macroinvertebrate community of the Ohio River near BVPS. Sof t muck-type substrates along the shoreline were conducive to worm and midge pro-I liferation while limiting macroinvertebrates which require a more stable bottom. The predominant macroinvertebrates were burrowing taxa t/pical of soft substrates. Oligochaeta accounted for over 85% of the macrobenthos. Mollusca, the next most abundant group in 1981, accounted for 7% of the macro-invertebrates. Community structure has changed little since preoperational years and there was I no evidence that BVPS operations were affecting the benthic community of the Ohio River. I I I I 38 I

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M m' On mOdo TABLE V-B-6 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (Number /a ) FOR STATION 1 (CONTHOL) AND STATION 28 (NON-CONTICL) DURING PRIDPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS BVPS Preoperational Years Operational Years 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1 2B 1 28 1 28 1 2B 1 2B 1 28 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B ), 0 2 January Febr uar y 205 0 703 311 358 200 312 1,100 1,499 2,545 1,029 1,296 March 425 457 m{ April 2U My 248 508 1,116 2,197 927 3,660 674 848 351 126 1,004 840 1,041 747 209 456 g "y

June 5

40 507 686 Og July 653 119 421 410 Zg g- . gust 99 244 143 541 1,017 1,124 851 785 591 3,474 601 1,896 1,185 588 $O Septemt=r 175 92 1,523 448 2,18S 912 October 2% 239 (** > November 149 292 318 263 75 617 388 1,295 108 931 386 1,543 812 806 N December g N l Mean 231 206 483 643 546 871 631 1,485 421 1,588 709 1,528 856 673 1,198 830 1,197 684

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I C. PHYTOPLANKTON Objectives Plankton sampling was conducted to determine the condition of the phytoplankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit I and to assess I possible environmentalimpact to the phytoplankton. Methods Af ter April 1,1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surface and bottom water from one operating intake bay. This 1 gal sample was preserved with Lugol's solution and was used for the analyses of both phytoplankton and zooplankton. Chlorophyll a and phaeophytin were not measured af ter April 1,1980. I l In the laboratory, a known aliquot of well-mixed sample was concentrated by I settling, the supernatant was decanted and the concentrate diluted to a final volume. An aliquot of 0.1 ml from the final concentrate was placed in a Palmer-Maloney cell and examined at 400X magnification. A minimum of 200 cells were i identifed and counted in each sample. For each collection date, volume of the I' g final concentrate was adjusted depending on cell density, however the same area of E the Palmer cell was examined for all samples. A Hyrax diatom slide was prepared monthly from each sample. This slide was examined at 1000X magnification for making positive diatom identifications. These slides were also used as an aid to i identif y diatoms in individual samples. Densities (cells /ml), Shannon-Weiner and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon one I sample per month. Seasonal Distribution During the first quarter of 1981, phytoplankton was sparse, a common occurrence during the winter. Total mean densities were between 216 and 266 cells /ml (Table V -C-1). Total cell densities of phytoplankton f rom stations on the Ohio River and I I 40 I

m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M v, (T1Odo Z TABLE V-C-1 MONTHLY PHYTOPIANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION PROH ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1981 BVPS >U Z Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 2 C Group f/st t t/ml 4 g/ml t f/ml t f/ml t 9/ml ,,1, COC >h Chlorophyta 66 31 38 11 54 15 252 6 2,440 32 390 38 F Chr ysophyt a 140 65 266 79 226 62 3,136 79 3.840 50 500 48 37: 7 Cyanophyta 0 0 24 7 4 1 4 <1 0 0 80 8 2 (Tl Cryptophyta 0 0 0 0 10 3 60 2 540 8 40 4 <p 4 Microllagellates 10 5 10 3 72 20 536 13 780 10 20 2 y3 t' Other Groups 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 <1 0 0 Oy Total 216 101 338 100 366 101 3,988 101 7,620 101 1,030 100 Zq ?bb Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2 Group f/ml t 9/ml t 9/ml t 9/ml t 9/ml t f/mi t ChloroAyta 3,700 70 3,500 59 4,480 65 696 47 828 34 176 20 Chrysophyta 1,240 23 1,920 32 1,680 24 656 44 1,060 43 572 63 N g Cyanoptyt a 0 0 0 0 60 1 32 2 392 16 20 2 Cryptophyta 100 2 110 2 240 4 32 2 76 3 44 5 O Microflagellates 240 4 380 6 360 5 64 4 92 4 80 9 y other Groups 40 1 0 0 80 1 0 0 4 <1 12 1 .-g Total 5,320 100 5,910 99 6,900 100 1,480 99 2,452 101 904 100

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I in the intake sarnples have been similar during the past four years. Data from past Annual Environmental Reports also indicate that the species composition has been I similar in entrainment samples and those from the Ohio River (DLCo 1980). Therefore, samples collected f rom the intake bays should provide an adequate characterization of the phytoplankton community in the Ohio River. Total mean densities increased in April and developed the annual maximum of 7,620 cells /mi in May (Table V-C-1). Populations decreased sharply in June and progressively increased in July and August to a secondary maximum (6,900 cells /ml) in September (Figure V-C-1). The two peaked cycle of phytoplankton development is common in many large rivers and lakes in north temperate climates I (Hutchinson 1967, Hynes 1970). Densities decreased af ter September to low densities (904 cells /ml) normally observed during December (Figure V-C-2). Diatoms (Chrysophyta) and green algae (Chlorophyta) were usually the most abundant groups of the phytoplankton during 1981 (Table V-C-1) (Figure V-C-2). The group microflagellates was common (13 to 20%) in March and April. Blue-greens (Cyanophyta) were common (16%) during November (Table V-C-1). The I decrease of phytoplankton densities in June was probably due to increased flow and turbidity which were caused by frequent rains during June,1981. Hynes (1970) noted that silty, high water conditions reduce plankton densities and frequently alter the species composition. I Diversity indices of the phytoplankton during 1981 are presented in Tables V-C-2. Shannon-Weiner indices ranged from 2.29 to 4.59, evenness values were from 0.43 to 0.90, and richness values were from 3.56 to 6.10. Higher diversities tended to be in February, March, August and December. Highest values of Shannon-Weiner and I number of species occurred in August when no species was predominant. i 1 Phytoplankton communities were generally dominated by different taxa each season. Most abundant taxa during winter (January, February and March) were Chlorophyta I, Navicula spp., and Nitzschia spp.; the two fatter were chrysophyte diatoms (Table V-C-3). The group Cnloropny:a I were small (5 to 15 um), j 1 I I 42 I

a SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I 1974 Jan.-July, Aug.-Oct. I 1974 & 75, Nov. & Dec.1975 1976,1977,1976,1979 & 1980 ( Average) I 20Doo-leat ///////////s. ScoIe Change N-10,000-I

. #####/###/ WH/###///# /

1. 1. 1. 1. /A

/ 5,000- [ / \\ I { / k m I 3 ,000-w 4 t / \\/ -i / \\ \\/ I g 3,000-sI / I a l z i 2,000 - / \\ l l \\ \\ l \\ l l,ow - \\. f/##### ######/#M // I / 500 - ./ 250 - / I / / .' ~ / l o 1J l F l. M l A IMl J l J lA IS lol N ID I FIGURE V-C-1 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER I DURING PREOPERATIONAL (1974-1975) AND OPERATIONAL (1976-1981) YEARS BVPS 43

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M $od h TABI.E V-C-2 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1981 BVPS Date Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun ya No. of Species 22 35 37 39 34 33 Z C Shannon-Weiner Index 3.92 4.39 4.39 2.29 3.66 4.56 C r~ m Evenness 0.88 0.85 0.84 0.43 0.72 0.90 rn z 2 rn h{ g Richness 3.91 5.84 6.10 4.58 3.69 4.61 O2.z4 Date Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec r x $o Z O $h No. of Species 33 51 35 27 40 32 35 t- > yk Shannon-Weiner Index 4.13 4.59 4.07 3.90 4.00 4.32 3.95 m O Evenness 0.82 0.81 0.79 0.82 0.75 0.86 0.79 m -i Richness 3.73 5.76 3.85 3.56 5.00 4.55 4.60 Data represents single entrainment sample collected monthly.

v. U1Odo 2 TABLE V-C-3 Dt NSITIES (Number /ml) OF MLIST ABUNDANT FHYTOPIANKTON TA1A (fif teen most a t,unJan t on any date) COLLECTED Fkt.*t ENTRAINMERT SAMFtES JANUAkY TMNUICH DECEMBLk 1981 BVPS 1 Tsua Jan Feb Mar Ayr My Jun Jul g Sy M Nw g t CYANOPHYTA Coeloetteerium nae 2elianum 2 schi rot t.r t s calEcula 20 4 4 70 40 32 72 20 320 C CHEDeOPHYT4 Ank i st ralesmus cunmt ut us 4 4 120 160 110 100 32 48 20 TT12 (jg A r.t i s t r oitrs. sus f alca t us 4 4 24 140 40 40 170 80 16 440 24 2 TTI C&m3ygas glotusa 4 20 100 20 60 16 1. <g enel as t rim microp,r ta 480 400 64 Cr g ynta apiculata y= C 40 160 y-igni a tenest r at a Q 120 Crucs9enta irregularis Cr ucijeMa a[ir at a 200 2q 7 40 160 Criet y nia tetraiefia 16 %O 64 240 D ktr y taerlum etchellin 32 zO 320 80 40 880 224 8 gK Fiskatothris viridis 80 20 Micr ect i ne m es t ilta 6 6 32 40 160 220 16 It F> > 'O Scee.e&amus acuminatug 8 40 70 16 2 Scene,lesmos armat us 120 g scenelesmos bicellularis pg M 4 80 540 740 1,520 192 40 scene.tesmos bp y3s

c 80 100 32 32 O

Scena.tesmus brasiliens h 20 80 scene.tesmus eluadticauda 12 8 180 100 1.040 650 120 32 72 8 H Sct.r nede r i a set l2*M 20 selenast ress si not sm 2 20 80 210 120 32 4 _S@ac r ocys t h schr uc t e r l 600 20 260 160 320 32 Chlorostyta 1 42 24 36 84 760 20 420 280 56 32 76

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M (A ITIO-t -OZ TA312 V-C-3 (Cont i nued) yT Jan Feb Mar Ag M Jun Jul M g M M M y CfDt Y$.X NYTA oo Artnaurrws sinutissima 6 18 10 24 60 30 >= a st er a ccel l a f or mos a la 2 8 56 500 to y 12 Cely vent ricm a 2 4 20 20 7 O 200 104 La e ma tenue 28 10 22 6 44 60 10 ~Z C Diatsma vulgay 8 2 8 10 20 gO 8 Fr agt t ar 1 e crotonens t s 2 14 4 8 reettlaria vauchertae 240 yC 8 12 43 p ITI C_.m e me=a olivacvive 2 6 2 28 4 12 Melcwiea daatarts g 8 40 20 150 300 240 396 7g Melietra granulata 16 to

4 Ni.as t ra var a ans 520 320 440 144 104 6

_F g 4 14 12 8 20 A Navicula cry [tdeele.ala 18 70 24 52 20 20 10 20 32 124 O de N C) Naviml a vi r adut a 14 8 104 60 60 y Nlt rachia capa tell et a 2 8 4 10 4 2 H Nit Eschia di ssipya 20 20 8 20 20 10 20 10 8 4 12 20 $g Nit as<ti a Miset ica 60 180 O M i t r $ ch t a pya 10 14 22 48 43 50 60 00 40 48 20 40 steletoness pot am g 7 4 200 80 663 g syn @ t s t i f or m t s 6 4 6 20 60 20 20 20 8 8 py synedra ulna 10 4 16 10 20 20 7 small Centrics la 6 24 2,572 2,500 140 440 210 600 152 196 28 ITI q 8 92 N Ch Y PB WHYTA fryg.t.=. mas erosa 2 8 140 10 80 80 to 8 24 12 at. % ca. etnota 8 52 400 3c 20 30 200 24 52 32 MILNdrt355 5 fES to 10 72 536 780 20 240 380 360 64 92 80 TWAl. PHYTOFIANKTtN 216 338 366 948 7,620 1,030 5,320 5,910 6,900 1,480 2,452 904 tufu. W paw? Asta:Mttf TA1A 206 302 338 3,912 7,380 940 4,900 5, 30 0 6,620 1,400 2,332 see PresL* TNT CDetnkSItttw Otr PtMT AblteDAfrT PHYTOrtANETON 95 89 92 98 97 91 92 90 96 95 95 94 ' Data represents single entrainment sample collected monthly.

E SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 5 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I unicellular, green algae which were probably separated from a colony and were very difficult to positively identify. During the spring, small centric diatoms were dominant in April and May when the seasonal maximum occurred. Small centric diatoms were present in all phytoplankton samples, and include several small (4 to 12 um dia.) species. Positive species identification was not possible during quantitative analysis at 400X magnification. Burn mount analysis at 1000X magnification revealed the group "small centrics" included primarily Cyclotella atomus, C. pseudostelligera, C. menegniniana, Stephanodiscus hantzschii, and S. astraea. Microflagellates were dominant in June when turbid, high water I conditions were present in the Ohio River (Table V-C-3). The most abundant taxon in July was Scenedermus guadricauda (green algae). Scenedesmus bicellularis, Scenedesmus quadricauda, and Skeletonema potamos were co-dominant in August. Scenedesmus bicellularis and Dictyosphaerium pulchellum were the dominant taxa in September. Melosira distans was the most abundant taxon in October, whereas in November, Melosira distans was co-dominant with Coelosphaerium naegelianum and Ankistrodesmus convolutus. Most abundant taxa in December were I Asterionella formosa and Navicula cryptocephala. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations af ter April 1,1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program, therefore, comparison of data was not possible in 1981. Comparison of Preoperation and Operational Data l The seasonal succession of phytoplankton varied from year to year, but overall the phytoplankton has remained generally consistant. Phytoplankton communities in l l running waters respond quickly to changes in water temperature, turbidity, nutrients, velocity and turbulence (Hynes 1970). The phytoplankton from the Ohio River near BVPS generally exhibited a bimodal pattern. During the preoperational year 1974, total densities peaked in August and October while in operational years of 1976 through 1979, mean peak densities occurred in June and September (DLCo 1930). Total phytoplankton densities displayed a bimodal pattern in 1981 (Figure I V - C - 2). In general, the phytoplankton in 1931 was similar to those of pre-I I 47 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I I I 4500-CHLOROPHYTA CHRYSOPHYTA I CYA N0PHY TA a 4000-a CRYPTOPHYTA / MICR0FLAGELL ATES I 3500-I f 3000-2500-d -i I g2000-6 I N - 1500-I 1000-500-a a ! g ./'- / O ^ ^--

~

j J l F l M l A l M l J l J l A l 3 l 0 l N l D l 19 81 FIGURE V-C-2 I PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR ENTRAINMENT SMIPLES,1981 BVPS I 48 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I operational and operational years. No major change in community structure was observed during 1981. The slight variations in the phytoplankton community I between 1981 and the previous years were natural fluctuations and were not a result of BVPS operations. Yearly mean Shannon-Weiner diversity indices from 1974 through 1981 were similar, ranging from a low of 3.57 in 1980 to a maximum of 4.36 in 1975 (Table V-C-4). Evenness values were also similar, except during 1973 and 1974 when values were lower. From 1975 through 1981, evenness ranged from 0.44 to 0.90. I The maximum evenness diversity value is 1.0 and would occur when each species is represented by the same number of individuals. The mean number of taxa each year ranged from 19 in 1973 to 40 in 1975, both preoperational years. Number of taxa during operational years ranged between 24 and 39 and were within the range observed during preoperational years. Summary and Conclusions The phytoplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS exhibited a seasonal pattern similar to that observed in previous years and a pattern common to I temperate, lotic environments. Total cell densities were within the range observed during previous years. I I I I I I I 49 I

v. AOd TABI2 V-<-4 OZ PtfYMFIANK10N DIVERSITY INDICES (MEAN OF ALL SAMPLES 1973 TO 1981) NEW C12eERIAND POOL OF THE OtIIO RIVER BVPS Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec n g No. of Species 7 2 ' 13 24 27 28 30 24 17 16 19 Shannon Indes 1.55 0.54 No 0.63 1.64 2.28 3.55 3.72 No 3.37 3.25 3.27 2.38 Evenness 0.33 0.15 Sample 0.11 0.25 0.35 0.55 0.52 Smeple 0.50 0.54 0.53 0.38 g alchness 1.24 0.29 1.50 2.63 3.17 3.61 3.46 3.24 2.89 2.80 2.48 7c M CO '> C No. of Species 12 0 17 22 44 46 47 O 14 41 34 I Shannon inden 2.96 2.23 3.18 3.50 4.89 4.40 4.03 4.25 3.45 5.02 3.43 mZ vi sveness 0.5% 4.46 0.57 0.58 0.62 0.62 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.58 0.56 2m ,,3,,p3, Richness 2.55 1.82 3.05 3.74 5.56 5.45 5.46 6.49 4.77 5.44 4.43 $ t-mo -1975 b O Oo. of Species rZ Shannon Indes 8E

52 34 43 32 40 40 E

4.53 4.22 4.37 4.22 4.48 4.36 %O Evenness 0.80 0.03 0.81 0.87 0.85 0.43 zO Richness 5.57 3.96 4.49 3.92 6.19 4.91 -I 3 .> "U 1976 F> No. of Species 31 35 31 38 47 49 46 43 38 33 35 38 39 g< 2 p Shannon Inden 3.98 4.36 3.90 4.25 4.14 4.27 4.28 4.30 3.9) 4.16 4.24 4.45 4.19 an Evenness 0.80 0.8% 0.78 0.81 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.75 0.83 0.03 0.85 0.00 0 Richness 5.15 5.89 4.92 4.70 4.68 4.79 4.72 4.34 3.85 4.17 4.95 5.79 4.83 11.1 H No. of Species 20 28 31 24 36 30 44 39 37 32 33 27 32 Shannun InJeu 1.96 3.31 3.00 2.78 4.16 3.52 4.36 4.26 4.29 3.92 4.12 4.00 3.64 Evenness 2.44 0.70 0.61 0.60 0.80 0.72 0.80 0.81 0.42 0.78 0.42 0.83 0.73 Richness 3.14 4.57 4.44 2.95 3.5* 2.77 4.63 4.26 3.87 3.98 4.18 3.72 3.84

m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M vi I mo -i TABLE V-C-4 (Continued) O 7 197e Jan. Pets. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. m No. of Species 37 29 32 42 28 42 36 37 35 37 34 32 35 Shannon Index 4.08 3.68 3.77 4.67 3.30 4.16 3.95 4.17 3.81 3.99 3.80 4.44 3.99 Evenness 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.87 0.69 0.78 0.77 0.80 0.76 0.77 0.76 0.90 0.78 Q Qichness .co 2 0 iso. of Species 18 16 19 36 34 27 34 24 29 25 28 38 27 7 C Shan:wan Iraks 3.49 3.36 3.79 3.22 3.78 3.84 4.10 3.88 4.12 4.07 3.68 4.32 3.80 CO Evenness 0.84 0.82 0.88 0.62 0.74 0.81 0.80 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.77 0.83 0.81

3. C R ict.nes s 2.97 2.64 3.36 4.69 4.08 2.98 3.46 2.72 3.26 3.52 3.57 5.19 3.54 r"Q 1950 mz Zp No. of Species 28 18 24 25 21 18 30 16 32 24 33 37 24 f**

Un Shannon Indes 3.88 2.64 3.78 3.82 3.28 3.26 3.61 3.45 4.10 3.54 3.73 4.56 3.57 N6 H Qvenness 0.81 0.64 0.83 0.82 0.75 0.78 0.74 0.86 0.82 0.77 0.74 0.87 0.78 O 7, Richness 4.07 2.65 3.49 4.02 2.50 2.38 2.90 1.94 3.33 2.59 4.01 5.40 3.15 hH 1;81 so No. of Species 22 35 37 39 34 33 33 51 35 27 40 32 ~ Z O 35 d5 Shantuan Irmlex 3.92 4.39 4.39 2.29 3.66 4.56 4.13 4.59 4.07 3.90 4.00 4.32 3.95 Evenness 0.88 0.85 0.84 0.43 0.72 0.90 0.82 0.01 0.79 0.82 0.75 0.86 0.79 alchnesa 3.91 5.84 6.10 4.58 3.69 4.61 3.73 5.76 3.85 3.56 5.00 4.55 4.60 W I*I mg NO dat. 'OO N Data represent strugte entrainment sample collected monthly. d

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENV!RONMENTAL REPORT D. ZOOPLANKTON Objectives Plankton sampling was conducted to determine the condition of the zooplankton community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit I and to assess I possible environmental impact to the zooplankton. Methods Zooplankton samples were one liter aliquots which were taken from Ge Lugol preserved samples previously described for phytoplankton. One liter samples were filtered through a 35 micron (.035 mm) mesh screen. The portion retained was washed into a graduated cylinder and allowed to settle for a minimum of 24 hr. The supernatent was withdrawn until 10 ml of concentrate remained. One ml of this thoroughly mixed concentrate was placed in a Sedgwick-Raf ter cell and I examined at 100X magnification. All zooplankters within the cell were identified to the lowest practicabie taxon and enumerated. Total density (individuals / liter), Shannon-Weiner and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon one sample which was composited f rom a surf ace and a bottom sample collected from an operating intake bay. I Seasonal Distribution The zooplankton community of a river system was primarily composed of protozoans and rotifers (Hynes 1970, Winner 1975). The zooplankton community of the Ohio Riser near BVPS during preoperational and operational monitoring years l was composed primarily of protozoans and rotifers. i l On April 1,1980, the zooplankton sampling program was reduced to one entrain-ment sample collected monthly. Total organism density and species composition of zooplankton f rom the Ohio River and entrainment samples have been similar during I the past four years (DLCo 1980). Samples collected f rom intake bays are usually l representative of the zooplankton populations of the Ohio River. I I 52

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I During 1981, protozoans and rotifers accounted for 89% or more of all zooplankton on all sampling dates (Table V-D-1). Total organism densities during the winter and early spring (January through March) were less than 370/ liter. Lowest total density during 1981 was 190/ liter which occurred in January (Figure V-D-1, Table V-D-1). Total organism densities increased slightly in April and May. High water conditions and turbidity caused a decrease of zooplankton populations to 310/ liter in June. A secondary maximum of total densities occurred in July and the annual maximum occurred in September. This population trend was similar to the one which occurred in the 1979 operational year (Table V-D-2). Zooplankton populations in the Ohio River usually exhibit a bimodal pattern. The maximum zooplankton density in the Ohio River near BVPS frequently occurs in the spring, I although high water conditions and turbidity sometimes alter or delay the maximum until summer or early fall. This ef fect of floods and turbidity on plankton communities has been described by Hynes (1970). The seasonal pattern of zooplankton densities observed in the Ohio River near BVPS is typical of temperate climates (Hutchinson 1967). Zooplankton densities in winter are low due primarily to low water temperatures and limited food availability (Winner 1975). In the spring, food availability and water temperatures increase which stimulate growth and reproduction. Zooplankton populations I decrease during the f all and winter from the summer maximum because optimum conditions for growth and reproduction decrease during this period. Densities of protozoans during January through June of 1981 were between 130 and 510/ liter (Table V-D-1). Protozoans gradually increased in July and August. The densities peaked in September at 4,020/ liter. Protozoans progressively decreased in October, November and December to densities 300/ liter. The most common I protozoan during 1981 was Vorticella which dominated the protozoan assemblage during ten months (Table V-D-3). The most abundant protozoans in the other months were Strombilidium gyrans, Heterophyrus (July) and Cyclotrichium (August). These taxa have been a main part of the protozoan assemblage of the Ohio River near BVPS since 1972. 53 I

M M M M M M M M M M M M M Ela TABLE V-D-1 2 MNTHLY ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number / liter) AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FROM ENTRAINMENT SAMPLES, 1981 BVPS G 2* hD Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Group $/1 f/l 1 $/l t 9/1 9/1 9/1 1 2 C CO Protozoa 130 68 310 86 180 82 510 88 480 57 230 74 hrn rn 2 Rotifera 40 21 50 14 40 18 70 12 340 41 80 26 2 rn < r-bO E Crustacea 20 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 2 0 0 2 -t Total 190 100 350 100 220 100 580 100 840 100 310 100 $O 2 O Y Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec F y< Group f/1 $/1 f/1 4 4/1 f/1 f/1 1 m O Protozoa 730 19 1250 64 4020 90 1580 85 550 72 330 89 p -t Hotifera 2800 74 630 33 470 10 260 14 210 28 40 11 Crustacea 270 7 60 3 0 0 10 1 0 0 0 0 Total 3800 100 1940 100 4490 100 1850 100 760 100 370 100 i

o SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT s I I I I 5,000 19 74 Jon.-July, Aug.-Oct. x 1974 8 75, Nov.& Dec.1975 1976,1977,1978,1979 81980 ( Average) l981 Vgg/// Seole Change

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I O l J l F l M l A l M l J l J l A l S l 0 l N l D l FIGURE V-D-1 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES IN THE OHIO RIVER DURING PREOPERATIONAL (1974-1975) AND OPERATIONAL (1976-1981) YEARS I BVPS 55

M T71O H TARLs V-0-2 O2 MEAN 300P1ANK1u6 DENSITIES (msatws/litar) SY enJNTW FROM 19731HH00GH 1981, OH10 RIVER AND SVPS 4 Total _Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Lov h 3 = plankton 1973 50 90 154 588 945 1,341 425 ISO 87 1974 78 56 ' 's 118 299 625 4,447 3,740 1,120 4,321 1975 4,426 3,621 1,591 2,491 623 1976 327 311 34 7 10,948 2,516 5,711 3,344 3,296 3,521 518 446 577 Q 1977 147 396 264 39; 5.153 4,128 1,143 1,50 3 3,601 553 934 486 1978 31 30 20 35 403 1,461 1,526 800 1,003 435 297 60 g 1979 357 96 228 534 2,226 599 2,672 4,238 950 370 542 550 1980 410 (230) 322 (208) 385 (393) 270 530 420 3.110 490 2,020 3,820 1,030 700 y7 Q 1981 190 360 220 580 840 310 3,400 1,940 4,490 1,850 760 314 Protozoa 7 C 1973 45 63 82 ISS 56 331 346 135 58 -g 1974 50 42 72 91 138 409 1,690 716 1,006 4,195 >g 1915 835 3,295 1,141 2,239 452 I (u T3 1976 278 274 305 10,774 1,698 6 1,90 3 1,676 808 425 396 492 ITI Z 1977 135 365 236 312 4,509 2,048 804 947 2, 5.'S 401 825 344 2 (13 1978 18 14 14 27 332 1,360 407 315 256 222 227 26 =0 1979 312 64 lee 380 2,052 459 340 712 609 326 454 328 "b Ut 1980 311 (177) 306 (195) 339 (370) 190 390 370 1,620 380 1,180 3,010 760 640 O m 1981 130 310 180 510 480 230 730 1,250 4,020 1,580 550 330 1 noe t r er. 2 19if 5 25 64 388 859 1,001 75 43 27 $ H 1974 26 12 22 24 155 213 2.783 2,939 115 120 Mg 1975 3,339 313 444 250 164 2 1976 44 36 38 169 808 4,664 1,398 1,597 2,643 49 48 78 d$ 1977 12 31 26 76 631 1,984 328 539 1,022 147 108 136 >T 1978 29 33 15 14 16 24 72 61 67 47 22 48 F> 1979 44 33 37 151 172 135 2,255 3,482 324 42 86 220 y 2 1980 93 (51) 16 (12) 43 (23) 80 140 50 1,470 110 790 780 260 50 TTI N 1981 40 50 to 70 340 80 2,800 630 470 260 210 to 90 Cr.,stacea O 1973 1 1 3 12 29 9 3 2 2 y 1974 2 2 3 3 6 3 14 85 7 6 H 1975 51 12 6 3 6 1976 2 1 5 4 10 141 43 23 69 3 2 8 1977 2 5 13 96 7 17 50 5 1 4 1978 4 6 3 2 4 48 12 27 75 9 5 5 1979 1 0 3 3 2 4 78 44 17 2 2 2 1940 3 (3) 0 (2) 2 (0) 0 0 0 20 0 50 30 10 10 1981 20 0 0 0 20 0 270 60 0 10 0 0 'No sample co11ented.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I The rotif er usemblage in 1981 (Figure V-D-2) displayed a typical pattern of rotifer populations in temperate inland waters (Hutchinson 1967). Rotifer densities increased f rom a minimum of 40/ liter in January to a maximum of 2,800/ liter in July (Table V-D-1). Rotifer populations progressively decreased af ter July to I densities of 40/ liter in December. Except during July, rotifers were always the second most abundant group during 1981 when rotifers comprised 10% of the zooplankton community in September and 74% of the community in July. Keratella cochlearis and Polyarthra dolichoptera were the most abur. dant rotifers during the maximum in July (Table V-D-3). Rotifers which were abundant during other months were Lecane (March and April), Synchaeta (May), Trichocerca pusilla (August) and Keratella (September and October). Crustacean densities were low (0 to 20/ liter) f rom January through June (Table V-D-1). Densities of crustaceans during 1981 reached their peak of 270/ liter in July (Figure V-D-2). Populations decreased f rom August through December. Crustacean densities never exceeded protozoan or rotifer densities and constituted from 0 to 11% of the total zooplankton density each month. Copepod nauplii were the most numerou:, crustaceans during 1981 (Table V-D-3). Other crustacean taxa occasionally present in low numbers were cyclopold copepodites, Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, and Bosmina longirostris. Crustacean populations were probably suppressed during the spring of 1981 by swif t current and turbidity from high water conditions due to frequent rain showers. Crustaceans are rarely numerous in the open waters of rivers and many are eliminated by silt and turbulent water (Hynes 1970). Highest Shannon Weiner diversity value was 3.55 which occurred in August when the maximum number of species was present and several taxa were abundant I (Tables V-D -3 and V-D-4). Evenness ranged from 0.60 in September to 0.84 in February. Richness varied f rom 1.11 in March to a maximum of 3.04 in August. The number of species ranged from 7 in March to 24 in August. Low diversity indices in January reflect low number of species and abundance of only Vorticella. l l 57 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I i I 4500 - I 4000 - j PROTOZOA RoTIFERA A---4 CRUSTACEA 3500 - I f i I g 3000 - l f 3 i' N $1 } $ 2500 - l3 ? I E I l'i I I f 2000 - u l \\ = I i l \\ 1500 - f { I I I f 1000 - 8 i l 1 I g I s I

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m M M M M M M M M M m M M M M M M IGodo2 TABLE V-D-4 ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FOR ENTP.AINMENT SAMPLES, 1981 BVPS G Date Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun U >O 2 No. of Species 8 12 7 11 19 12 2 C CD %E Shannon-Weiner Index 2.14 3.02 2.28 2.32 3.44 2.73 m rn 2 Evenness 0.71 0.84 0.81 0.67 0.81 0.76 2 rn d C m 2, @-i Richness 1.33 1.87 1.11 1.57 2.67 1.92 o 61 0 Date Jul Aug Sep Oct N ov_ __ Dec ic 2 >m No. of Species 23 24 20 21 17 10 15 r>2

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O t Evenness 0.65 0.77 0.60 0.69 0.65 0.74 0.72 h-Richness 2.67 3.04 2.26 2.66 2.41' l.52 2.10 1

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Zooplankton samples were not collected from stations on the Ohio River af ter April 1,1980; therefore, comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects was not possible. I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Population dynamics of the zooplankton community during the seasons of pre-operational and operational years are displayed in Figure V-D-1. Total zooplankton densities were lowest in winter, usually greatest in summer and transitional in spring and autumn. This pattern in the Ohio River sometimes varies from year to year which is normal for zooplankton populations in other river I habitats. Hynes (1970) concluded that the zooplankton community of rivers is inherently unstable and subject to constant change due to variations of temperature, spates, current, turbidity and food source. Total densities of zooplankton during 1981 were occassionally higher than those of preoperational years (1973 through 1975) and similar to those observed during operational years (1976 through 1981)(Figure V-D-1). I The species composition of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable during preoperational and operational years. The common or abundant cr atozoans during the past seven years have been Vorticella, Codonella, Difflugia, Strombilidium, Cyclotrichium, Strombilidium, Arcella and Centropyxis. The most numerous and frequently occurring rotifers have been Keratella, Polyarthra, Synchaeta, Branchionus and Trichocerca. Copepod nauplii have been the only crustacean taxa found consistently. Community structure, as compared by diversity indices, has been similar during the I past 9 years (Table V-D-5). In previeus years low diversity indices and number of species occurred in winter; high diversities and number of species usually occurred in late spring and summer. In 1981, the diversity indices and species numbers were relatively low in January and March which was typical for months of winter and early spring. Shannon-I I 61 I

TABLE V-0-5 MEAN 300 PLANE 1DN DIVERSITY INDICES BY 8CbfTH FBust 1973 THH00GM 1981 IN THE ORIO SIVER NEAR BVPS (./l Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul A.sq Sep Oct Nov Dec p l_12_I O b d N eber of Species a 8.44 15.29 21.28 25.07 21.96 22.86 16.33 14.40 14.30 shannon Indes* 1.80 3.06 3.08 2.79 2.25 2.20 2.21 2.31 3.10 O Evennesa 0.37 0.63 0.58 0.46 0.39 0.36 0.37 0.44 0.61 2 1974 N ei.or of species 14.64 9.18 14.92 17.75 23.25 15.56 21.14 18.49 9.56 14.t? Shannon Indes 3.18 2.53 2.91 3.06 3.25 2.32 3.28 2.24 2.15 1.84 Evenness 0.62 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.55 0.41 0.60 0.41 0.42 0.30 1975 mber of Species 24.75 18.75 14.38 17.44 15.38 Q Shannon Indes 3.20 1.46 2.90 2.01 3.20 oo Evenness 0.69 0.44 0.77 0.49 0.82 >= lil! >O 2 N eber of Species 7.00 9.13 8.69 17.56 19.19 23.56 28.06 23.50 23.56 11.19 8.75 11.75 7 C Shannun Indes 1.67 2.64 2.24 0.89 3.06 2.33 3.36 3.63 2.76 2.73 1.60 2.64 gO Evenness 0.60 0.84 0.73 0.21 0.72 0.51 0.70 0.80 0.61 0.79 0.51 0.75 .p, C (~ (./n 1977 N eber of Specien 4.00 10.00 12.00 13.31 21.00 25.62 22.88 25.50 36.75 16.88 20.31 15.31 M2 Shannon IMes 1.53 2.59 3.01 2.98 3.15 3.45 3.32 3.60 3.71 3.35 3.42 3.42 2M Evennese 0.78 0.79 0.87 0.81 0.72 0.74 0.73 8.77 0.*1 0.82 0.79 0.86 $p a 63 111! wO O 2 N eber of Species 0.12 7.12 4.31 5.12 7.62 6.25 10.25 11.25 12.50 0.25 10.88 10.38 7 d Shannon 3Mes 2.48 2.41 1.53 1.70 1.53 1.33 2.50 2.44 2.53 2.28 2.15 2.00 7 evenness 0.83 0.85 0.74 0.71 0.52 0.50 0.76 0.70 0.70 0.73 0.62 0.83

O 111' 2 O d7 N eber of Species 10.62 6.00 10.25 15.88 17.25 14.25 16,88 21.50 18.12 12.00 14.62 14.00 Shannon Indes 2.51 2.52 3.05 3.42 2.36 3.02 2.42 3.30 3.36 2.99 2.84 3.10 Evenness 0.74 0.93 0.90 0.86 0.58 0.80 0.60 0.74 0.80 0.84 0.74 0.83 I

2 y 11:0 4 rI7 N ebes of Species 11.62 11.00 12.50 10.00 8.00 15.00 21.00 15.00 18.00 22.00 18.00 18.00 'O Shannon Im3es 2.51 2.70 3.03 2.41 2.00 2.91 3.63 2.79 3.23 2.88 3.26 3.36 O Evenness 0.70 0.78 0.84 0.72 0.66 0.74 0.82 0.71 0.77 0.64 0.78 0.00 M H lis! Neber of Species 8.00 12.00 7.00 11.00 19.00 12.00 23.00 24.00 20.00 21.00 17.00 10.00 Shannon Indes 2.14 3.02 2.28 2.32 3.44 2.73 2.96 3.55 2.62 3.05 2.66 2.47 Evenness 0.71 0.84 0.81 0.67 0.81 0.76 0.65 0.77 0.60 0.69 0.65 0.74

stanks repsesent periods when no collections were maJe.

balue cannot be verifteJ. 'shannon-Meiner Indes.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Weiner diversity indices in 1981 ranged from 2.14 to 3.55 and were consistant with the range of 1.80 to 3.28 that occurred during preoperational years from 1973 to I 1975. The variation in evenness during 1981 (0.60 to 0.84) was at the upper portion of the range reported from 1973 to 1980 (0.21 to 0.93). Summary and Conclusions Zooplankton densities throughout 1981 were typical of a temperate zooplankton community found in large river habitats. Total densities were similar to those reported in previous years. The population peak in 1981 was delayed or interrupted in June by increased current and turbidity caused by high water conditions from heavy rain showers. Protozoans and rotifers were always predominant. Common and abundant taxa in 1981 were similar to those reported during preoperational and other operational years. Shannen-Weiner diversity, number of species and evenness were within the ranges or slightly greater than those of preceeding years. Based on the data collected during the five operating years (1976 through 1981) and the three preoperating years (1973 through 1975), it is concluded that the overall abundance and species composition of the zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable and possibly improved slightly over the nine year period from I 1973 to 1981. No evidence of appreciable harm to the river zooplankton from BVPS Unit 1 operation was found. The data indicate that increased turbidity and current from high water conditions have the strongest effects of delaying the population peaks and temporarily decreasing total zooplankton densities in the Ohio River near BVPS. I I I I I 1 I I 63 I l

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I E. FISH Objective To detect changes which might occur to fish populations in the Ohio River near BVPS. Methods Adult fish surveys were performed in May, July, September and November 1981. During each survey, fish were collected at the three study areas transects (Figure V-E-1), using gill nets, minnow traps, and electrofishing gear. Gill nets, consisting of five, 25 f t panels of 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 inch square mesh were used. Two nets were positioned perpendicular to shore at each transect, with the small meshinshore. As Transect 2 consists of the main river channel (2A) I and the back channel, south of Phillis Island (2B), a total of eight gill nets were set per sampling month. Nets were set for approximately 24 hours. All captured fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g). Electrofishing was conducted with a boat-mounted boom electroshocker. Direct current of 220 volts and two to four amps was generally used. Shocking time was maintained at 10 minutes per station for each survey. The shoreline areas of each I transect were shocked and large fish processed as described for the gill net collections. Small fish were immediately preserved with 10% formalin and returned to the laboratory for analysis in the following manner. All game fish were measured and weighed individually. Samples of non-game fish which contained 30 l specimens or less were measured individually and weighed together. Samples of non-game fish containing more than 30 specimens wera subsampled. Total lengths l were recorded for 30 randomly chosen specimens, and a batch weight obtained for the entire sample. The length range was determined by visual inspection of the largest and smallest fish. Minnow traps were baited with bread and placed next to the inshore side of each gill net on each sampling date. These traps were painted black and brown with a camouflage design. All captured fish were preserved and processed in the laboratory in the manner described for electrofishing. 64 lE

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SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Results Fish population studies have been cenducted in the Ohio River near BVPS since 1974 to present. These surveys have collected 50 fish species (Table V-E-1). In 1981, 29 fish species were collected, one species (golden shiner) had not been captured previously. A combined total of 1,546 individuals were collected in 1981 by electrofishing, gill netting, and minnow traps (Table V-E-2). A total of 1,196 fish, representing 25 species was collected by electrofishing (Table V -E-3). Emerald shiners dominated the catch numerically, accounting for 71.6% of the total electrofishing catch. Collectively, the minnow f amily accounted for 86.9% of the total electrofishing catch in 1981. Gizzard shad, also a forage I species, represented 7.5% of the catch. The most abundant sport fish was smallmouth bass which comprised 2.5% of the electrofishing catch. Each of the other taxa accounted for less than 1% of the total. Most of fish were collected in November (54.3%). The fewest fish were collected in May (8.5%). I Numerical and species composition differences between transects were not apparent from the electrofishing surveys in the vicinity of BVPS in 1981 (Tables I V-E-2 and V-E-4). Gill netting yielded a total of 46 fish, representing 12 species (Tables V-E-2). Channel catfish and carp were the most abundant fishes caught 32.6% and 23.9%, respectively. Sauger and walleye were the next abundant species representing 10.9% and 8.7% of the total gill net catch. Freshwater drum accounted for 6.5% of the catch. The remaining catch consisted of gizzard shad, northern pike, white bass, green sunfish, spotted bass, yellow perch, redhorse, and guillback each represented by one specimen (2.2%). I The gill net results varied by month with the highest catches in the warmer months, July (21 fish) and September (16 fish). The May and November catches resulted in 6 fish and 3 fish, respectively. Since gill nets require the fish to actively force its head into the mesh and subsequently catching its gills, it is common to have higher gill net catches when the water is warmer and the fish are more active (Table V-E-4). I I 66 I

I. SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REE.'RT I TABLE V-E-1 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMON NAME) (a) FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1981 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Common Name Lepisosteidae (gars) Lepisosteus osseus Longnose gar Clupeidae (herrings) Alosa chrysochloris Skipjack herring Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Esocidae (pikes) Esox lucius Northern pike E. masquinongy Muskellunge E. lucius X E. masquinongv Tiger muskellunge I Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Campostoma anomalum Central r.toneroller Carassius auratus Goldfish Cyprinus carpio Ccrmnon carp I C_. carpio X Cerassius auratus Carp-goldfish hybrid Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner I N. cornutus Common shiner N,. rubellus Rosyface shiner N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N. stramineus Sand shiner I N_. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow I Rhinichthys atratulus Blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus Creek chub Catostomidae (suckers) Carpiodes cyprinus Quillback I Catostomus conrnersoni White sucker Hypentelium nigricans Northern hog sucker Ictiobus niger Black buffalo Moxostoma anisurum Silver redhorse l M. duquesnei Black redhorse M_. erythrurum Golden redhorse M_. macrolepidotum Shorthead redhorse i I I 67 l

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE V-E-1 (Continued) I Family and Scientific Name Conunon Name Ictaluridae (bullhead catfishes) I Ictalurus catus White catfish I. melas Black bullhead I. natalis Yellow bullhead [.nebulosus Brown bullhead I_. punctatus Channel catfish I Percopsidae (trout-perches) Percopsis amiscomaycus Trout-perch Cyptinodontidae (killifishes) I Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Percichthyidae (temperate basses) Morone chrysops White bass Centrarchidae (sunfishes) Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass I Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish L_. gibbosus Pumpkinseed L. macrochirus Bluegill I Micropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass M_. punctulatus Spotted bass M. salmoides Largemouth bass Pernoxis annularis White crappie I P_. nigromaculatus Black crappie Percidae (perches) I Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter E. zonale Banded darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch I Stizostedion canadense Sauger S. vitreum vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum I I*I Nomenclature follows Robins et al. (1980). I I I 68 I

W W W M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M w M TABLE V-E-2 f)d NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET (C), ELECTROFISHING (E) AND MINNOW TRAP (H) O AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW Cl!MBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1981 2 BVPS Transect i Transect 2A Transect 28 Transect 3 Crand Total Annual TAXA C E M C E M C E H C E M C E M Total Cizzard shad 4 30 31 1 25 I 90 91 Northern pike I I y Car p 3 21 2 5 3 7 3 12 11 45 56 Z U Colden shiner 1 I I 2 C Emerald shiner 202 40 201 14 305 86 148 119 856 259 til5 CO spotfin shiner I 1 2 8 1 3 10 13 >C sand shiner 31 10 26 3 5 2 10 72 15 87 l' Mm Mimic shiner 4 10 1 1 2 17 1 18 MZ Bluntnose minnow 24 2 17 1 4 I 45 4 49 2m m Quillback I I I Ir Northern hog sucker 2 1 3 3 M$ Silver redhorse I i 1 Oy 2 h (H Colden redhorse 2 1 3 3 Shorthead redhorse 1 I 2 2 ) Redhorse sp. I i 1 zO Brown bullhead 1 I I H3 Channel catfish 2 1 2 2 2 9 2 15 15 5 15 35 >T White bass I I I>2 Rock bass 2 2 2 Creen sunfish 1 1 1 1 2 m Pum pki ns eed 1 1 1 Blue gil l 2 3 5 5 y Smallmouth base 4 11 15 30 30 H Spotted base 2 1 1 1 1 4 5 Largemouth bass 3 3 3 Sunfish sp. 1 I I Yellow perch 1 I I I 2 Logperch 3 3 3 Sanger I 1 1 3 5 1 6 Walleye 1 3 4 4 Freshwater drum 3 3 3 Total 7 300 52 6 314 19 7 377 98 26 205 135 46 1196 304 1546

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M en [ TABIE V-E-3 ~1 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED PER MOffrH BY CILL NET (C), ELECTROFISHING (E) AND HINNOW TRAP (H) ] IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1981 2 BVPS 4 Hont h May J ul y Sept ember November Annual Percent of TAXA C E H C E H C E H C E H Total Annual Total Q oo cinzard shad 2 1 25 38 25 91 5.9 Northern pike 1 I 0.1 .> U Carp 3 36 6 6 2 2 1 56 3.6 2 Colden shiner 1 1 0.1 Emerald shiner 96 1 14 160 92 586 166 1115 72.1 .p C Spotfin shiner 1 I I 8 2 13 0.8 r ITI Sand shiner 10 17 17 8 28 7 87 5.6 my Himic shiner 3 10 4 I 18 1.2 2m Bluntnose minnow 5 3 13 17 to 1 49 3.2 4 Quillback 1 I 0.1 O Oh Northern hog sucker 1 2 3 0.2 Silver redhorse i 1 0.1 Zq Colden redhorse 2 1 3

0. 2,

3 Shorthead redhorse I 2 0.1 mO Redhorse sp. 1 I 0.1 2qg Brown bullhead i 1 0.1 pq Channel Catfish 2 3 7 1 6 1 15 35 2.3 r> White base 1 I 0.1 2 p Rock base 2 2 0.1 m *< i Green sunfish I I 2 0.1 93 Pum pki ns eed 1 I 0.1 O l Bluegill 5 5 0.3 Smallmouth bass 19 6 5 30 1.9 Spotted base 3 1 1 5 0.3 Largemouth bass 2 1 3 0.2 Sunfish sp. I 1 0.1 Yellow perch 1 I 2 0.1 Logperch 3 3 0.2 i j Sauger 1 2 1 2 6 0.4 Walleye 1 2 1 4 0.3 l Freshwater drass 1 2 3 0.2 ( l Total 6 196 4 21 102 0 16 248 123 3 650 177 1546 l I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I I TAB 12 V-E-4 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, ELECTROFISHING AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE I NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE ORIO RIVER, 1981 BVPS Cill Net Transect 1 Trans ect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 Total Average May 2 2 2 6 1.5 July 4 4 3 10 21 5.2 I S ept embe r 1 2 2 11 16 4.0 November 3 3 0.8 Total 7 6 7 26 46 Average 1.8 1.5 1.8 6.5 Electrofishing May 71 70 23 32 196 49.0 July 18 53 26 5 102 25.5 Sept ember 51 36 107 54 248 62.0 November 160 155 221 114 650 162.5 I Total 300 314 377 205 1196 l Average 75.0 78.5 94.2 51.2 Minnow Trap May 2 2 4 1.0 i July 0 Sept ember 34 2 9 78 123 30.8 November 16 15 89 57 177 44.2 Total 52 19 98 135 304 Avera ge 13.0 4.8 24.5 33.8 I l I I lI I 71 l I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I A total of 304 fish were captured using minnow traps in 1981 (Table V-E-2). This method became effective in the months of September and November when 40.5% I and 58.2% of the fish were caught, respectively. A majority of these fish were collected from Transect 3. Station 3 North is usually influenced by a heated discharge and the warmer water may be attracting schools of shiners into this area. Young of the year channel catfish (15 fish) were collected at Station 3 South in September. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Comparisons of the fish population data between Control (Transect 1) and Non-Control Transects have fluctuated slightly since 1974. However, since sampling I usually occurs on the same day for all stations, any differences due to changing river conditions were not apparent. However, comparisons between years includes many natural variables and can be misleading. For example, at the Control Transect, mean (~x) electrofishing catches have varied from 645.2 fish / hour in 1975 to 65.6 fish / hour in 1978. This fluctuatic-,ay be explained by different physical and chemical properties of the riveti mat water quality. Since electrofishing efficiency depends largely on the water's conductivity, any sampling conducted during extremes in this parameter, will affect catch-per-unit effort. Also turbidity and current effects the collectors' ability to net stunned fish. Direct sunlight also influences where fishes congregate, thus determining their susceptibility to be shocked. Electrofishing collects mostly small forage species (minnows and shad) their highly fluctuating annual populations were reflected in catch per unit effort. Where as gill nets catch mostly large game species and were usually unaffected by changing water quality. By comparing gill net data, (Table V-E-6), little change is noticed either between Control and Non-Control Transects or between pre-l operational and operational years. I I Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Electrofishing and gill net data, expressed as catch-per-unit-effort, for the years 1974 through 1981 are presented in Tables V-E-5 and V-E-6. These eight years represent two preoperational years (1974 and 1975) and six operational years (1976, 1977,1978,1979,1980, and 1981). Fish data f or Transect 1 (Control Transect) and the averages of Transects 2A,2B and 3 are tabulated separately. 1 I 72 I

TABLS W-E-5 (/3 ~ M E!JC11tOFISRit 2 CA1CE (FISH /lKlUSS MEANS ( ) AT TRAN58 CTS IN THE Mild CtseERLAND BOOL OF (") THE OHIO alvra, 1974 1981 q avPS Transect 1 Transect 2A, 29, 3 2 b 4 d e b 8 4 d Stoctee 1974* 1975 1976* 1977* 1978* 1979" 1980 3,gg 3,7g y,yg 1976 1977* M' 197t* 1980 g,,g 4 Cisaard shed 2.1 1.2 2.0 3.1 3.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.3 2.1 2.5 21.5 Tiger muskellunge 0.0 Muskellunge 0.5 0.3 New ti.orn pike 0.3 0.2 Goldfish 0.7 2.3 0.8 Casp 5.9 1.0 12.5 20.0 15.0 3.3 0.5 0.7 1.2 6.6 1.2 4.2 6.0 Golden shiner 0.0 [ Emerald shiner 42.0 441.7 18.7 57.0 22.8 58.4 51.5 151.5 67.7 239.9 13.1 33.8 23.9 53.7 37.0 163.5 spotfin shiner 0.9 4.0 7.0 0.5 4.3 2.0 6.1 4.9 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.8 Sand shiner 57.6 129,1 52.5 95.9 0.8 93.6 32.3 23.2 17.4 81.0 52.6 26.2 13.3 45.2 25.8 10.2 >g Mimic shiner 3.5 7.0 0.5 1.6 6.2 3.0 1.8 1.1 0.3 2.2 1.0 3.2 2 Bluntnose minnow 33.3 72.3 53.2 57.8 12.0 89.4 15.4 10.0 6.1 31.2 45.3 44.9 21,4 40.0 10.2 5.2 2 C Creek chub 0.9 0.5 0.5 Cb stoneroller 8.3 > @C Blacanuse dace 0.2 p White sucker 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 M Northern hog sucker 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 M2 medhorse 0.3 2M silver redhorse 0.3 0.2 $p alack redhorse 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.3 y a-aO '4 Golden redhorse 1.5 1.5 0.0 0.2 W Shos thead s edhos se 0.0 0.4 0.3 O % Yellow bu11 heed 0.4 0.2 0.2 2 H trown bullheed 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 $ b Channel cat fish 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.2 IT1 Trout-perch 1.5 8.1 0.5 0.2 2O Banded hitliftsh 0.1 H3 white b... 0.5 0.1 0.5 > 'c Rock base 0.4 0.1 0.5 g-a Sunfleh (Lepg hybrid 0.3 0.2 Green sunfleh 0.3 0.5 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 NMq Fumpkinseed 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.2 eluestII 6.6 1.5 3.0 0.5 1.5 1.9 0.6 6.2 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.8 Y smallmouth bass 0.9 2.3 3.0 0.3 0.5 4.6 3.0 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.9 2.8 6.5 O Spotted bees 0.9 2.7 2.6 4.6 1.5 9.4 2.7 2.1 1.5 0.5 Largenouth bass 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.8 H white crapple 1.5 0.1 0.8 slact era w te 0.5 0.3 0.2 l Johnny derter 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 Yellow perch 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 Logperch 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.0 Sauger 0.5 0.2 Walleye 0.5 Freshwater dsum 0.2 Total 150.8 645.2 339.4 235.9 65.6 250.6 146.9 225.2 106.5 359.2 125.3 122.0 72.5 153.6 91.3 224.0

MAY-JUL AUG, NOV MAT-5FP, NOV MAf. JUL, St*P AND #E.N

v. U10-4 O TAOLE V-t-6 CILL NET CATCE (FISM/24 HOUR) MEAlt5 6) AT 11LANSECTS IN THE NDi CUPOE21ANO 3 COL OF THE OMIO DIVEE, 1974-1901 GVPS Trenaect 1 Traneect 2A. 25 3 ] b 8 8 4 0 e e b c d 4 4 e Spectee 1974* 1975 1976 1977 M ge e g,gg oo Im.9 nose gar 0.2 >O Glasard sha4 8.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 <0.1 < 0.1 Z muncher. ria. 0.1 0.1 <0.1 40.1 < 0.1 nu.a.11 ,e 40.1 Z C Tiger muste11 mage 8.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Cg Colotteh = = <0.1 0.1 <0.1 >C Carp 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.4 0.6 <.1 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 g Ig Goldfish a Casp hybrid 4.1 0.1 p1 Z Quillback 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1

0. 2 '

O.1 40.1 <d.1 Zp unite sucher 0.3 0.2 0.2 8.1 40.1 40.1 <0.1 <I Oleck redhosse 40.1 0.1 40.1

-=

q $11ver sedhorse <0.1 = = 40.1 Nh y Black tuellhead 0.1 O Z B r ows bullheaa 0.4 0.1 0.2 <0.1 < 0.1 Zq Tellow knu11 head 9.1 p White catfish = = <0.1 O Chantiel catfloh 0.0 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.4 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 hoch base 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 40.1 40.1 ( 0.1 7 Qg Gseen sunfish 0.1 0.1 0.1 4 0.1 Pumphkneeed 8.1 alwegit! 8.1 I Ses11 mouth base 8.1 <0.1 <0.1 = 2 Lasgeoouth bees = = 0.2 <0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 ymN 364,tted base 0.2 0.7 0.1 40.1 0.2 0.1 < 0.1 40.1 0.1 4 0.1 white crespie 0.1 < 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1

O Bieck csegete 0.1 4 0.1 0.1

<0.1 Qy Teltow perch 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.1 < 0.1 Walleye 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 0.2 0.1 q Sa*9es 0.2 8.1 0.1 40.1 0.2 0.3 4 0.1 0.2 Freshwater driss = = 0.1 Total 1.0 3.4 2.2 3.2 2.9 0.0-1.3 0.4 0.0 2.2 3.1 1.5-2.2 3.6-4.3 1.3-1.9 1.3-1.9 1.2-1.0 1.5

Ar, ste, luv n

bAts, str, inn

nAf-$EP dMAT-SEF, IOV
AT, JUL, SEF, NOW n

i i l (

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Summary and Conclusions The fish community of the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS have been sampled from 1974 to present using a multi-fishing gear approach (electrofishing, gill netting, minnow traps, and seines). The results of these fish surveyr show normal I community structure based on species composition and relative abundance. In all the surveys since 1974, forage species (minnows and shiners) were collected in the highest numbers. This indicates a normal fish community since sport species and predators rely heavily on this forage base for their survival. Variations in total annual catch are attributable primarily to fluctuations in the population size of the small species. Small species with high reproductive potentials, f requently respond to changes in natural environmentM factors such as competition, food availability, I cover and water quality with large changes in population size. Thus, these fluctuations are naturally occurring and do take place in the vicinity of BVPS. Although variation in total catches has occurred, species composition has remained f airly stable. Since the initiation of studies in 1974, forage fish of the f amily Cyprinidae have dominated the catches. Emerald shiners, sand shiners and bluntnose minnows have consistently been the most numerous fish. Carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch and walleye have all remained common species. Differences in the 1981 electrofishing and gill net catches, between the Control and Non-Control Transects were similar to previous years (both operational and j pre-operational) and were likely due to the habitat preferences of individual species. I Data collected f rom 1974 through 1981 indicate that fish community in the study I area have not been adversely affected by BVPS operation. 1 l l l l 75 1 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT F. ICHTHYOPLANKTON Objective To monitor the extent fishes utilize the back channel of Phillis Island as spawning and nursery grounds. This is important because of the area's potential as a spawning ground and relative proximity to the BVPS discharge structure. Methods Four monthly surveys were conducted during the primary spawning season for most resident species (20 April,12 May,17 June, and 22 July). One surface and one bottom collection were taken at Transect 2B (back channel of Phillis Island)during each survey (Figure V-F-1). Tows were made in a zig-zag fashion across the channel utilizing a 0.5 m conical 505 micron mesh plankton net. A General Oceanics, Model 2030, digital flowmeter, mounted centrically in the net mouth, was used to determine the volume of water filtered. Samples were preserved in 5% buff ered formalin containing rose bengal dye. In the laboratory, ichthyoplankton was sorted f rom the sample and enumerated. Each specimen was identified to its stage of development and lowest possible 3 taxon. Densities of ichthyoplankton (#/100 m ) were calculated for each sample using flowmeter data. Results A total of 7 eggs, 72 larvae, and one juvenile was collected in 1981 (Table V-F-1). Six taxa representing six f amilies were identified. Cyprinidae spp. (minnows and carps) accounted for 83.8% (67 larvae) of the total catch. l l l Freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) eggs, represented 57.1% of eggs taken, was the only identifiable egg taxon collected in 1981 (Table V-F-1). Lxval catch was dominated by minnows (Cyprinidae spp.), which accounted for 93.1% of the total yearly catch. Other taxa included Stizostedion spp. (2.8% of the total larval l catch), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum; 1.4%), sunfish (Lepomis sp.; 1.4%), and f reshwater drum (1.4%). A single channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) represented the only juvenile collected in 1981; no adults were collected. l I 76 I

M M M M l (A rnado2 ,soo .o .sco swo YT 'l,', *, t SC AL E 9tti ,a ,e i "it. e 2 2 .co N',,E4 - y u,, k.,'N ' L*:rmis.Alulu. ii p s rplDLANQ,,,iA 2 O a 3 o : r' P_ ~, t z c '4 ' ,t , _ 'g g e CO y _ c,,7_ n ~ >c y u,; 4,. rg v%s' 3 ~ rn 2 ,,c,- ,,,i g 2m

s 3 r u

~1 %c

'?

<[ T./ L.,f.)I N O i a^

e,

,ou. np 0 x N J,

g

.~. ma As >m 40&3 g- u. t" w ye u 26 I' si n y< rn - LEGEND // SYMBOLS Di BEAVER VALLEY DISCHARGE / A SURFACE TOWS

o onoh D2 SHIPPINGPORT DISCHARGE i

6 BOTTOM TOWS D3 INDUSTRI AL DISCHARGE 4628 / O AlD TO NAVIGATION i BEAVER SHIPPINGPORT VALLE Y ["*" "

TR ANS MISSION LINE POWER STATION POWER STATION FIGURE V-F-1 ICllTilYOPLANKTON SAMPLING STATIONS, BVPS

M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-F-1 m NUMBERANDDENSgTYOFFISHEGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES,ANDADULTS O (Number /100 m ) COLLECTED WITH A 0.5 m PLANK' ION NET IN THE g OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 2B) Z NEAR BVPS, 1981 Date Depth of Collection Total Collected and 20 April Surface Bottom Taxa Density vol. water filtered (m ) 107.0 75.6 182.6 $0 No. eggs collected 1 1 2 i No. larvae collected 0 0 0 2 C No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 No. adults collected 0 0 0 rQ Density (number collected) $in Eggs $[ co Unidentifiable 0.93 (1) 1.32 (1) 1.10 (2) y Total density (number collected) 0.93 (1) 1.32 (1) 1.10 (2) ( ~i rn OO 12 May %g 3 >T vol. water filtered (m ) 73.6 72.3 145.9 F$ No. eggs collected 0 0 0 rn "< No, larvae collected 0 0 0 TO No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 m No. adults collected 0 0 0 -1 Density (number collected) 0 0 0 Total density (number collected) 0 0 0

M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-F-1 (Continued) rn Date Depth of Collection Total Collected and O 17 June Surface Bottom Taxa Density 3 2 Vol, water filtered (m ) 76.4 113.0 189.4 No. eggs collected 3 2 5 No. larvae collected 25 19 44 No. juveniles collected 0 1 1 No. adults collected 0 0 0 _e Density (number collected) Eggs y Aplodinotus grunniens 3.93 (3) 0.88 (1) 2.11 (4) 2 Oh Unidentifiable 0 0.88 (1) 0.53 (1) Larvae >C Cyprinidae sp. (YL) 15.70 (12) 10.62 (12) 12.67 (24) F$ Cyprinidae sp. (EL) 14.39 (11) 6.20 (7) 9.50 (18) a Stizostedion sp. (EL) 2.62 (2) 0 1.06 (2) <r-Juvenile W3 h% Ictalurus punctatus 0 0.88 (1) 0.53 (1) Total density (number collected) 36.65 (28) 19.47 (22) 26.40 (50) hO 2 0 22 July yk r> yk Vol. water filtered (m ) 99.5 63.9 163.4 No. eggs collected 0 0 0 'o O No. larvae collected 19 9 28 p No, juveniles collected 0 0 0 -4 ( No. adults collected 0 0 0 l Density (number collected) Larvae Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) 1.01 (1) 0 0.61 (1) Cyprinidae spp. (YL) 0 3.13 (2) 1.22 (2) Cyprinidae app. (EL) 17.09 (17) 9.39 (6) 14.08 (23) Lepomis sp. (EL) 1.01 (1) 0 0.61 (1) Aplodinotus grunniens (YL) 0 1.56 (1) 0.61 (1) Total density (number collected) 19.10 (19) 14.08 (9) 17.14 (28)

m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE V-F-1 (Continued) Depth of Collection Total Collected and Yearly Totals Surface Bottom Taxa Density h U 3 Vol water filtered (m ) 356.5 324.8 681.3 Z No. cggs collected 4 3 7 No larvae collected 44 28 72 No. juveniles collected 0 1 1 No. adults collected 0 0 0 Density (number collected) } Eggs Aplodinotus grunniens 0.84 (3) 0.31 (1) 0.59 (4) >h Unidentifiable 0.28 (1) 0.62 (2) 0.44 (3) Larvae CO Dorosoma cepedianum (EL) 0.28 (1) 0 0.15 (1) %h Cyprinidae spp. (YL) 3.37 (12) 4.31 (14) 3.82 (26) rn$ Cyprinidae spp. (EL) 7.85 (28) 4.00 (13) 6.02 (41) Z rn Lepomis sp. (EL) 0.28 (1) 0 0.15 (1) d C O Stizostedion sp. (EL) 0.56 (2) 0 0.29 (2) o Aplodinotus grunniens (YL) 0 0.31 (1) 0.15 (1) Zq Juveniles hn Ictalurus punctatus 0 0.31 (1) 0.15 (1) Z O H iC Total density (number collected) 13.46 (43) 9.86 (32) 11.76 (80) gj 2 wrn d i 'o l O t D H l l l I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Sampling on 20 April resulted in the collection of a single unidentifiable egg (Table V-F-1). Samples collected on 12 May yielded no ichthyoplankton. Sampling on 17 June yielded most (62.5%) of the ichthyoplankton taken in 1981 including f resh-3 3 water drum eggs (2.ll/100m ), minnow yolk-sac and early larvae, (9.50/100m and 3 3 12.67/100m, respectively), Stizostedion sp. larvae (1.06/100m ), and a channel 3 catfish juvenile (0.53/100m ). No eggs were collected on 22 July (Table V-F-1). Minnow was the only taxon represented by more than a single specimen on this date. A total of two minnow 3 3 yolk-sac larvae (1.22/100m ) and 23 minnow early larvae (14.08/100m ) was collected. I Comparison of Preoperational and Operai!onal Data Species abmdance and composition was similar to that found in previous years. The unusually high cyprinid larval densities reported on 22 July 1980 did not 3 reoccur in 1981. The densities of ichthyoplankton (number /100m ) collected in the back channel (Station 2B) f rom 1973-74,1976-1981 are presented in Table V-F-2. I Summary and Conclusions As in previous years, cyprinids dominated the 1981 ichthyoplankton catch f rom the I back channel of Phillis Island. Peak densities of minnows occurred in June and July and consisted mostly of the early larval stage. Little or no spawn.ing was noted in April and May. No substantial differences were observed in species composition or spawning activity of most species over previous years. I I I I 81

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE V-F-2 3 DENSITY OF ICHTHYOPLANK' ION (Number /100m ) COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER BACK CHANNEL OF PHILLIS ISLAND (STATION 28) NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976-1981 Date Density Date Density 1973 1978 12 April 0 22 April 0 17 May 0 5 May 0 20 June 16.10 20 May 0.98 I 26 July 3.25 2 June 4.01 16 June 12.15 2 July 13.32 1974 16 April 0 24 May 0 1979 13 June 6.98 19 April 0 26 June 9.25 1 May 0 16 July 59.59 17 May 0.81 1 August 6.85 7 June 0.39 20 June 11.69 5 July 14.82 1976 29 April 0.70 19 May 0 1980 18 June 5.99 23 April 0.42 2 July 6.63 21 May 0.53 15 July 3.69 19 June 9.68 29 July 4.05 22 July 107.04 1977 14 April 0 1981 l 11 May 0.90 20 April 1.10 9 Jurie 24.22 12 May 0 22 June 3.44 17 June 26.40 7 July 3.31 22 July 17.14 20 July 28.37 I 82 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I G. FISH IMPlNGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.7) Objective impingement surveys were conducted to monitor the quantity of impinged fish on the traveling screens. Methods Impingement surveys were conducted weekly throughout 1981 (Table V-A-1). Except when technical difficulties delayed sampling, weekly fish impingement sampling began on Thursday mornings when all four traveling screens were washed. A collection basket of 0.25 inch mesh netting was placed at the end of the screen washwater sluiceway (Figure V-G-1). On Friday mornings, af ter approximately 24 hours, each screen was washedindividually for 15 minutes (one complete revolution of the screen) and all aquatic organisms collected. Fish were identified, counted, I measured for total length (r$m) and weighed (g). Data were summarized according to operating intake bays (bays that had pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period) and non-operr ake bays. Results The BVPS impingement surveys of 1976 through 1981 have resulted in the co!!ection of 32 species of fish representing nine f amilies (Table V-G-1). A total I of 141 fish, representing 20 species (21 taxa) was collected in 1981 (Table V-G-2). Channel catfish were dominant with 36.9% of the total annual catch, followed by emerald shiner (26.2%) and gizzard shad (12.0%). Freshwater drum (5 specimens) accounted for 3.5% with all other taxa represented by three or fewer specimens. No endangered or threatened species were collected (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 1980). In addition,181 crayfish, 84 clams (18 Lampsilus), and 66 Corbicula) and 28 dragonflies were collected on the traveling screens in 1981 (Table V-G-6). One golden shiner, a species not collected in previous years, was collected in 1981. All fishes ranged in size from 23 mm to 261 mm, with the majority mder 100 mm. The total weight of fish collected in 1981 was 0.94 kg (2.07 lbs) (Table V-G-2). I 83 I

SECTION Y DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT FIGURE V-G-1 U* TAT 2 STRUCTUPI BVPS o_0 o r.~. .......,...o...... I ... 3 .R",,",,',".".....,,,,, is n... n n.,'. ? J !!!!!'.l '!!!'!',!!!:ll,..,,ni l 9;,i = v N. ',j 7r 3 sv :::::.;.:,:::; ::::.., -Q c . p.' ~_l ~P ) }jel. O / !lll1,!!,!'!!'!!",'::!l n.,. 6 j f 5 'II.II II I " f i,.. i u., i ne s g , j,y li %p .,,;,.;g,,.. ;g,...,;,..< _Mi;,g n..... ,,.u.........q. ,,,,.,,, g (Three dimensional: Cutaway view) l h o F ?: c.,...a... ji .s no. s = 1,/ex j. i ..... ~. _ l n/ W ry (*"y Jm:': tris.... n-dar, Lot I ) r,, .....m.. 3 i.., g _..........,. n l ~ i 9 j.

6...., s j :e ll /

I . t p N, .u....- s m... (Two dimensional: Side view) 84

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT j TABLE V-G-1 I (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME) FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1981 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Comon Name Clupeidae (herrings) Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Cyprinus carpio Common carp Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N_. stramineus Sand shiner N. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow Catostomidae (suckers) Carpiodes cyprinus Quillback Catostomus commersoni White sucker Moxostoma carinatum River redhorse Ictaluridae (bullhead catfishes) Ictalurus catus White catfish I_. natalis Yellow bullhead I_. nebulosus Brown bullhead I I. punctatus Channel catfish Noturus flavus Stonecat Percopsidae (trout-perches) Percopsis amiscomaycus Trout-perch Cyprinodontidae (killifishes) Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Centrarchidae (sunfishes) Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis cyanellus Green sunfish L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed I L. macrochirus Bluegill Micropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass M_. punctulatus Spotted bass M,. salmoides Largemouth bass Pcunoxis annularis White crappie P. nigromaculatus Black crappie I I 85

I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMP ANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE V-G-1 (Continued) Family and Scientific Name Common Name Percidae (perches) Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch I Percina caprodes Logperch Stizostedion vitreum vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum (a)Nanenclature follows Robins et al. (1980) 86 I

w ITI O .-4 OZ TABLE V-G-2 SLMMARY OF FISil COLLACTID IN IMPINGDtDrF SURVEYS CONDUCTID FOR ONE 24 HOUR DERIOD PER WEEE DURING 1941 BVPS I operatioq Intake Bays *I Nori-Ope ra t i ng Intakt Bays I Percent Allee Dead Allee Dead Length Frequency of Percent Weight Weight Weight Neight Range Tg N mber _ Occurrence Composition Numbet (q) Number (q) Number (q) Number (q) (mm) y7 Q Gissard shad 17 21.6 12.0 17 569.0 2 C Carp 2 3.9 1.4 1 3.0 1 5.0 114 44-261 gO Colden shiner 1 2.0 0.7 1 14.0 y (C Emerald shiner 37 23.5 26.2 1 1.0 32 38.2 4 3.0 23-86 M 61-67 g. T1 SanJ shiner 1 2.0 2.1 3 1.0 35-37 02 Mimic shiner 1

2. 0.

0.7 1 ' 1. 0 aluntnose minnow 3 5.9 2.1 3 6.0 44 Yellow bullhead 1 2.0 0.7 1 6.0 30-65 F 80 N~ Brown bullheaJ 3 3.9 2.1 2 2.0 1 2.0 38-53 O y, O Channel catflah 52 43.1 36.9 17 36.0 31 137.5 2 3.0 2 2.0 31-195 2 H Trout-perch 3 5.9 2.1 1 4.0 1 3.0 1 4.0 40-69 3 Green sunfish 2 3.9 1.4 1 2.0 1 11.0 51-88 g Bluegill 2 3.9 1.4 O 2 22.0 86-87 Smallmouth base 2 3.9 1.4 1 4.0 1 1.0 35-75 qg Spotted bass 1 2.0 0.7 yg slack crappie 1 2.0 0.7 1 3.0 py 1 14.0 103 Sunfish it.epost s sp.) 1 2.0 0.7 1 1.0 60 N <7 Johnny darter 1 2.0 0.7 29 1 1.0 50 M Looperch 1 2.0 0.7 1 6.0 y Walleye 2 3.9 1.4 2 16.0 O 93 Freshwater drun 5 3.9 3.5 1 5.0 2 6.0 2 7.0 52-80 83-93 y y Total 141 27 76.0 95 788.7 10 51.0 9 24.0 Percent of Total 19.1 8.1 67.4 83.9 7.1 5.4 6.4 2.6 (a) Intake bays that had pumpe operating within the 24 he esapling period. (b) Intake bays that had no pumps operating within the 24 hr sampling period.

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I The temporal distribution of the 1981 impingement catch follows closely with the pattern of catches of previous years (1976 to 1980) (Tables V-G-3 and V-G-4). I During each year, the largest numbers of fish have been collected in the winter months (December-February) and then the catch has gradually decreased until July-September when another smaller peak has occurred. Comparison of Impinged and River Fish A comparison of the number of fish collected in the river and traveling screens is I presented in Table V-G-5. Four fish species were collected only in the impingement surveys, while 13 species were taken exclusively in the river. The major difference in species composition between the two collections is the absence of many large species in the impingement collections. Five species of suckers and redhorses, and seven species of sport fish (pumpkinseed, northern pike, white bass, rock largemouth bass, sauger and yellow perch) were not collected in the impingement surveys. Those sport fish which were collected on the traveling screens (channel catfish, smallmouth bass, and walleye) were smaller than individuals of those species collected by river sampling. Minnows and shiners constituted a larger percentage of the river collections than in the impingement collections. Comparison of Operating and Non-Operating Intake Bay Collections Of the 141 fish collected during the 1981 impingement studies, 122 (86.5%) were collected from operating intake bays and 19 (13.5%) non-operating intake bays (Table V-G-2). However, due to differences between the number of operating (126) and non-operating (76) screens washed in 1981, the impingement data were I 2 computed with catch expressed as fish per 1000 m of screen surface area washed. These results showed 5.4 and 1.4 fish for operating and ran-operating screens, respectively. As in previous years, the nurnbers of fish collected in non-operating bays indicates that fish entrapment, rather than impingement, accounts for some of the catch. Entrapment occurred when fish were lif ted out of the water on the f rame plates as the traveling screen rotates. Alternatively, when fish were impinged they were forced against the screens due to velocities created by the circulating water pumps. I I 88 I

M M M M M M M M M M M o TABLE V-G-3 m SINMARY OF IMFINGDtENT SURVEY DATA FGR 1981 g BVPS y Number of Floh Collected River Operatig Non4peratig Intake Bays Intake Elevation Intake Bays "I Date Number Percent of Intake Bays Operating Water Above Mean Month D,ay Callected Annual Total Alive Dead Alive Dead A B C D Temp. F Sea Level a January 2 1 0.1 1 I I 35.0 665.8 16 3 2.1 3 I I 29.0 665.5 23 2 1.4 2 I I 31.5 666.3 30 0 0.0 I I 32.0 666.5 Febr uar y 2 3 2.1 3 I I 29.5 667.0 oo 13 7 5.0 5 2 I I E 29.8 667.0 20 10 7.1 2 7 1 E I I 29.0 667.8 >U 27 2 1.4 2 I I I 37.0 672.8 Z March 6 6 4.3 4 2 X 35.0 670.0 2 C 13 0 0.0 I E 36.0 664.5 CO 20 0 0.0 I I 36.0 666.2 >C 27 0 0.0 X X 40.0 666.5 F g Apr il 3 1 0.7 1 X X 47.5 667.2 r:12 14 7 5.0 7 E 3 X 49.2 670.0 Z trl 24 0 0.0 I I 50.0 667.5 < g-. g May 1 7 5.0 7 I I 50.0 671.5 p3 0 0 0.0 I I I 53.5 666.5 O 15 1 0.7 1 I E 58.0 667.0 Z 2q 22 0 0.0 I E I 55.0 667.5 7 29 1 0.7 1 I I 62.0 666.0 $O June 6 1 0.7 1 X X 65.0 667.6 Z O 12 2 1.4 2 I E 61.0 670.0 H$ 19 0 0.0 I I E 67.5 667.2 > 'O 26 0 0.0 X X X 67.8 666.8 F> July 3 0 0.0 K I 69.2 665.5 y 2 10 0 0.0 I E I 75.0 665.5 rr1 N 17 2 1.4 1 1 I E I 76.6 665.5 90 24 1 0.7 1 I E 75.5 666.0 0 31 4 2.8 1 2 1 I X X 73.2 665.9 N August 7 1 0.7 1 I I E 74.2 665.5 d 16 4 2.8 3 L M I I 74.7 665.7 21 3 2.1 2 1 I I I 71.5 665.5 28 5 3.5 1 4 I I I 72.2 665.0 September 4 7 5.0 1 4 2 I I I 73.0 666.3 11 5 3.5 2 3 E E I E 67.5 665.7 18 4 2.0 2 2 I I I 68.0 666.0 25 3 2.1 1 1 1 I E I 61.0 665.4 I

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M wmO -4 -O 2 TABI2 VH3-3 (Continued) Number of Fish Collected River Opera tin Non-Oper a tig Intake Baye Intake Elevation Date Number Percent of Intake Bays Intake says Operattnq Water Above Meara Month yD Collected Annual Total Altve Dead Alive Deed A B C D Temp.*F Sea Level October 2 4 2.0 4 x X X 60.0 665.3 O 9 1 0.7 1 I E 53.1 666.2 16 2 1.4 1 1 I I I 53.1 665.3 7 C 23 3 2.1 1 2 I I I 52.0 666.0 gO 30 2 1.4 2 I I 49.5 669.1 pm y "" November 6 1 0.7 1 I I 49.2 666.8 M 13 2 1.4 2 E I E 43.3 666.5 2 20 1 0.7 1 x x x 43.s 666.3 27 0 0.0 X I 38.5 666.0 F December 4 1 0.7 1 I I 36.5 666.0 W ~O O 11 1 c.' 1 x x x 35.0 667.4 O le 0 0.7 I I 32.8 665.3 2z -i 24 If 13.5 2 13 4 I E 32.2 672.7 $g 31 11 7.8 11 x x x 33.7 667.0 O Total 141 27 95 10 9 g r>2 D d m I'3 Intake bays that had pumps operating in the 24 he sampling period. TO (b) Intake bays that had no pumpe operating in the 24 hr sampling period. W H i

M M M M M M. M M M M M M M l l l TM2 V4-4 m IT SLDetARY OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGFMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1981 O BVFS do Number of Fish Collected 2 1976 1977 1978 7 trating Non-operatig Operating Non-operating Operating Non-operating Month intake Bays intake Bays Total Intake Bays Intake Bays Total intake Bays Intake Bays total Jantary 3,792 2,021 5,813 1,136 2,869 4,005 186 41 227 Febr uar y 1,087 1,034 2,121 3,622 2,039 5,661 99 13 172 March 260 128 388 314 72 386 36 113 149 April 19 11 30 7 3 10 3 1 4 u) May 5 2 7 3 0 3 June 4 1 5 4 3 7 2 4 6 July 20 12 32 27 5 32 9 3 12 >g August 27 10 37 6 1 7 6 12 18 g September 8 6 14 1 4 5 7 15 22 October 35 8 43 8 3 11 4 14 18 c >m November 15 4 19 9 0 9 1 2 3 p December 374 219 593 174 12 186 20 3 23 M IT3 2 Total 5.646 3,456 s,102 5,311 5.011 10,322 373 281 654 2 IT3 m C r 5 o O g Number of Fish Collected 2q 1979 1980 1981 $[ O Operating Non-operating Operating Non-operating Operating Hon-operating (Tl O Month Intake Bays Intake Bays total intake Bays intake Bays Total intake Bays intake Bays Total 2: -4 :i January 66 16 82 5 0 5 5 1 6 >T Feteruary 9 0 17 5 7 12 21 1 22 I March 15 10 25 16 13 29 4 2 6 PC Apr11 1 0 1 0 11 11 8 0 8 IT3 May 3 1 4 0 2 2 7 2 9 June 2 C 2 0 4 4 3 0 3 July 5 2 7 3 10 13 5 2 7 A ug us t 20 34 54 10 4 14 12 1 13 September 9 9 18 4 0 4 15 4 19 October 21 6 27 2 2 4 10 2 12 November 7 6 13 1 1 4 4 0 4 December 8 4 12 6 0 6 28 4 32 Total 162 100 262 54 54 108 122 19 141 I'I Intake bays that had pumps operating in the 24 he sampling period. M !ntake bays that had no pumps operating in the 24 hr sampling period.

E SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE V-G-5 I NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL 'IOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED IN IMPINGDIENT SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1981 BVPS I Total Number of Percent of Fish Collected Annual Total Species (a) Impingement River Impingement River l Gizzard shad 17 91 12.1 5.9 E " orth *rn pike 0 1 0 0.1 g Carp 2 56 1.4 3.6 Golden shiner 1 1 0.7 0.1 Emerald shiner 37 1115 26.4 72.2 Spotfin chiner 0 13 0 0.8 t Sand shiner 3 87 2.1 5.6 Mimic shiner 1 18 0.7 1.2 I Bluntnose minnow 3 49 2.1 3.2 Quillback 0 1 0 0.1 Northern hog sucker 0 3 0 0.2 Silver redhorse 0 1 0 0.1 Golden redhorse 0 3 0 0.2 Shorthead redhorse 0 2 0 0.1 Yellow bullhead 1 0 0.7 0 I Brown bullhead 3 1 2.1 0.1 Channel catfish 52 35 37.1 2.3 Trout-perch 3 0 2.1 0 White bass 0 1 0 0.1 f Rock bass 0 2 0 0.1 I Green sunfish 2 2 1.4 0.1 Pumpkinseed 0 1 0 0.1 l Bluegill 2 5 1.4 0.3 5 Smallmouth bass 2 30 1.4 1.9 Spotted bass 1 5 0.7 0.3 Largemouth bass 0 3 0 0.2 I Black crappie 1 0 0.7 0 Johnny darter 1 0 0.7 0 Yellow perch 0 2 0 0.1 l Logperch 1 3 0.7 0.2 Sauger 0 6 0 0.4 Walleye 2 4 1.4 0.3 Freshwater drum 5 3 3.8 0.2 Total 140 1544 (*' Includes only those specimens identified to species. lI I 92 I

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Of the 181 crayfish collected in the 1981 impingement studies, 125 (69.1%) were collected f rom operating bays and 56 (30.9%) were collected from non-operating I 2 bays. Adjusting these data for screen surf ace area washed (crayfish per 1000 m ) the results show 5.6 and 4.1 crayfish for operating and non-operating screens, !I respectively. l Summary and Conclusions The results of the 1981 impingement surveys indicate that withdrawal of river water at the BVPS intake for cooling purposes has little or no effect on the fish populations. Only 141 fish were collected, which is the second fewest collected since initial operation of BVPS in 1976. Of the 141 fish collected, 37 (26.2%) were I alive and returned via the discharge pipe to the Ohio River. l I lI I I I I l3 lI I I es I

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TAB M V-G-6

SUMMARY

OF INVERTEBRATES COLMCTED IN IMPINCEENT SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 ilOUR PERIOD g PER WEEK 1981 rn BVPS 5 Z Crayfish Operat i ng Non-O perating All Bays Int ake Bays Int ake Bays All Bays Class Dat e Alive Dead Alive Dead Dansel fli es Dragonflies 1.an pai l us Cor bi cul a J anua r y 2 2 1 16 23 >U 2 30 1 1 2h Febr ua r y 2 1 13 2 cC >A 20 1 1 2 1 F m 27 1 mZ 2A March 6 3 1 1 1 1 IF 13 6 1 ^ 20 5 O2% 27 April 3 2 3 K 18 AZ O 24 1 gg May I 3 1 >T 8 1 F> I m 22 1 1 m 29 1 1 1 1 I O J amie 6 1 1 2 W 12 1 2 4 6 19 2 26 3 4

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABIE V-C-6 (Continued) Crayfish mn Oper at i ng Non-O perating All Bays _H Int ake Ba ys Int ake Bays All Bays Clans O Date Alive Dead Alive Dead Dansel flies Dragonflies Lam psil us Corbicula 2 J ul y 3 1 1 5 2 2 10 3 1 1 17 2 2 2 3 3 24 1 1 5 2 1 31 5 4 1 2 G August 7 4 1 16 2 2 1 21 1 1 y 2 0 28 1 1 11 Z C se pt embe r 4 1 10 11 1 2 1 10 m c$ 18 1 1 3 m 25 1 1 Zm October 2 1 5 $r j 9 1 1 1 1 ]~O 16 2 2 1 2 2 23 1 2 1 fd 30 2 3 8 mO November 6 1 1 3 1 zO I3 5 g 20 2 3 yo r> 27 8 1 4 2 y Decembe r 4 7 I mN 11 10 1 3 1 18 2 1 6 op 24 4 3 i H 31 4 1 3 1 1 Total 94 31 44 12 2 28 18 66

SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I H. PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT 1. Ichthyoplankton Objective To determine the species composition, relative abundance, and distribution of I ichthyoplankton found in proximity to the BVPS intake structure. Methods Since previous studies (DLCo 1976,1977,1978 and 1979) have demonstrated that ichthyoplankton samples collected in front of the intake structure were represent-ative of ichthyoplankton entrainment samples, the modified sampling program (initiated in 1980) was based on samples collected from a boat in the Ohio River I adjacent to the BVPS intake structure (Figure V-F-1). These samples were collected monthly, April through July along a five station transect during daylight hours. Surface tows were made at Stations 1, 3 and 5 while bottom tows were conducted at Stations 2 and 4. A 0.5 m diameter, 505 micron mesh plankton net was used to collect a total of 20 samples. Sample volumes were measured utilizing a General Oceanics, Model 2030 digital, flowmeter mounteJ centrically in the mouth of the net. Samples were preserved in 5% buffered formalin containing rose I bengaldye. In the laboratory, eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults were sorted from the sample and identified to the lowest possible taxon and stage of development. Densities of 3 the ichthyoplankton (#/100 m ) were calculated using appropriate flowmeter data. Results A total of 49 eggs, 289 !arvae, and three adults of nine taxa representing five f amilies was collected from the river entrainment transects (Table V-H-1). I Cyprinids were the most common taxa collected representing 73.6% of the total catch (3.2% of the eggs, 34.4% of the larvae, and 100% of the adults). Eggs l represented 14.4% of the ichthyoplankton collected; most (35.1%) were un-identifiable. Larvae accounted for 84.3% of the total specimens. Minnow (Cypri6 -Mae spp.) early larvae comprised 53.3% of the total larval catch. The second most abundant larval taxon was gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) I !I 96 I

M M M M M M M M M p W W M TT1OdO TASIA V-M-1 Z 3 NUMBEA AND DENSITY OF FISH ECCS, IARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS (Number /100 m ) 03LLECTID WItil A 0.5m PLANKTON NET AT TIIB ENTRAINMDff RIVER TRANSECT IN T115 OHIQ RIVER NEAR BVPS,1981 Total Collected 8 Date Station 1 Station 2 Station 1 Station 4 Station 5 and Tain Denetty 20 April 3 Q vol. tater (11tered (m ) 68.1 106.4 143.1 105.0 96.3 518.9 No. egge collected 0 0 0 0 0 a No. Larvae collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 y2 U No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 7c No. adults collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 gO Density (number collected) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Station Density M (ne ber collected) 0 0 0 0 0 0 2g 12 May -C N () y vol. water filtered 75.7 81.4 76.7 88.8 79.4 402.0 O No, egge collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 2q No. larvae collected 1 0 0 2 0 3 g No. Juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 ft1 I O Mo. adults collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z O j Density (number collected) Hy$ 1 Larvae I Perca flavescens (Y L), 0 0 0 2.25 (2) 0 0.50 (2) Z p> Stirostedton op. (YL) 1.32 (1) 0 0 0 0 0.25 (1) p4 g Total Station Density

U (n m ber collected) 1.32 (1) 0 0

2.25 (2) 0 0.75 (3) O

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M FW W M M M v> (Tl TA. ALE V-a-1 (continued) O -4 Total Collected Q D station 1* station 2 station 3 station 4 station 5 and Tana Density Z y 17 June I Vol. water !!!tered (m ) 90.4 99.7 72.8 117.0 61.0 440.9 No. ena collected 3 10 14 11 8 46 No larvae collected 10 21 10 26 41 108 No juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 No, adults czallected 3 0 0 0 0 3 Deneity (ne ber collected) Ene C prinue carpio 0 1.00 (1) 0 0 0 0.23 (1) J >C Aplodinotus grunniene 0 3.01 (3) 6.87 (5) 2.56 (3) 11.48 (7) 4.08 (18) Z UnidentirTable 3.32 (3) 6.02 (6) 12.37 19) 6.84 (8) 1.64 (1) 6.12 (27) 2 C CO Larvae Deconoma cepedian a (YL) 0 0 0 0 27.87 (17) 3.06 (17) >C Cyprinidae app. (YL) 9.96 (9) 15.05 (15) 13.74 (10) 21.37 (25) 18.03 (11) 15.88 (70) (~ @ Cypeinidae app. (EL) 0 5.02 (5) 0 0.85 (1) 3.28 (2) 1.81 (8) pg 7 P(mouls annularis (11) 1.11 (1) 0 0 0 0 0.23 (1) 2 p3 F M flavesMne (YL) 0 1.00 91) 0 0 6.56 (4) 1.13 (5)

vol. water filtered (m ) 103.4 81.6 109.3 90.0 94.4 478.7 2 y No. ewe collected 0 0 1 2 0 3 p *< No. larvae collected 62 17 31 5 61 176

t)

No. juven!!as collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 O No, aJults 0 0 0 0 0 0 W Density (number collected) Ene Cyptinidae app. 0 0 0.91 (1) 2.22 (2) 0 0.63 (3) Larvee Doroerna cepedianum (EL) 0 0 3.66 (4) 0 0 0.84 (4) Cyprinidae opp. (YL) 8.70 (9) 12.25 (10) 0 1.11 (1) 0 4.18 (20) Cyprinidae opp. (EL) 51.26 (53) 4.50 (4) 23.79 (26) 4.45 (4) 62.51 (59) 30.50 (146) MguM op;4 (YL) 0 3.68 (3) 0.91 (1) 2.22 (2) 0 1.25 (6) tel=_m b opp. (EL) 0 0 0 0 2.12 (2) 0.42 (2) Total Station Donalty (number collected) 60.00 (62) 20.83 (17) 29.30 (32) 9.53 (9) 64.62 (61) 37.81 (181) 7 W M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M w IT1Od O Z TABLE V-ll-1 (Continued) Total Collected M sty Total _ station 1* Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 station 5 and Taxa Density Vol. of water filtered (m ) 337.6 369.1 401.9 400.8 331.1 1840.5 Q No. etje collected 3 10 15 13 8 49 on No. 1ervae collected 73 38 41 33 102 289 No. juveniles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 No. addits collected 3 0 0 0 0 3 Density (nunter collected) Eggs CO >C C_y n M carpio 0.89 (3) 1.63 (6) 2.24 (9) 2.00 (8) 0.30 (1) 1.47 (27) (- ] Cypa inidae app. 0 0.01 (3) 1.24 (5) 0.75 (3) 2.11 (7) 0.98 (18) Aplodinutus grunnleg 0 0.27 (1) 0 0 0 0.05 (1) Z (Ti m7 Unidentifiable 0 0 0.25 (1) 0.50 (2) 0 0.16 (3) e Larvae _p y-o Dorosoma cepedianism (EL) 0 0 1.00 (4) 0 5.13 (17) 1.14 (21) O Cyprinidae opp. (YL) 5.33 (18) 6.77 (25) 2.49 (10) 6.49 (26) 3.32 (11) 4.49 (90) 2 2q Cyprinidae opp. (EL) 15.70 (53) 2.44 (9) 6.47 (26) 1.25 (5) 18.42 (61) 8.37 (154) g Leswats spp. (YL) 0 0.81 (3) 0.25 (1) 0.50 (2) 0 0.31 (6) til O t.epreis spp. (EL) 0 0 0 0 0.60 (2) 0.11 (2) Z O Pcmaxis annularis (LL) 0.30 (1) 0 0 0 0 0.05 (1) H$ Perca flavescens (YL) 0 0.27 (1) u 0.54 (2) 1.21 (4) 0.38 (7) >T Perca flavescene (EL) 0 0 0 0 1.81 (6) 0.33 (6) I Perca flavescens (LL) 0 0 0 0 0.30 (1) 0.05 (1) M Stinostedian app. (YL) 0.30 (1) 0 0 0 0 0.05 (1) Mq Adults Notro d atherincides 0.89 (3) 0 0 0 0 0.16 (3) y Total Station Density H (number collected) 23.40 (79) 13.00 (48) 13.93 (56) 11.98 (48) 33.22 (110) 18.53 (341)

station 1 - South st.orelines station 3 - Midehannels Station 5 - North shoreline.

bDevelopmental Stages YL - Hatch J specimens in which yolk and/or oil globules are present. EL - Specimens in which yolk and/or oil globules are not present and in which fin re-o and/or spiny elements have been developed. LL - Specimens in which fin ray and spiny elements of the dorsal and anal fins approximate the number found in adults but in which reminants of the finfolds remain. SECTION Y DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I comprising 7.3% of the catch; all were early larvae. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and sunfish (Lepomis sp.) accounted for 4.8% and 2.8%, respectively, of I the larvae collected. The two remaining taxa, white crappie (Pomoxis annularis) and Stizostedion sp. comprised less than one percent of the larval catch. No juvenile fish were collected during the survey. Three adult emerald shiners (Notropis atherinoides) comprised the only adults taken. I Seasonal Distribution No ichthyoplankton were collected during the first curwy (20 April)(Table V-H-1). Samples taken on 12 May yielded no eggs and three larvae (less than 1% of the total catch). The larvae consisted of two taxa, yellow perch (Perca flavescens; 3 3 0.50/100m ) and Stizostedion sp. (0.25/100m ). June samples yielded the greatest diversity of egg and larval taxa (Table V-H-1). 3 Eggs were most abundant in June (4.54/100m ). Carp (C_yprinus carpio) and f reshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) eggs were first taken in June; the latter provided the first evidence of freshwater drum spawning in the vicinity of BVPS since the initiation of ichthyoplankton studies in 1973. Cyprinid yolk-sac larvae, I which first appeared in June, comprised most (64.8%) of the larvae collected. Other taxa first collected in June includ.d gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum; 15.7% of the total catch) and white crappie (Pomoxis annularis; less than 1%). Yellow perch larvae were collected again in June and comprised 11.1% of the total catch. Three emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides) adults were taken in June at Station 1; they represented the only adults collected in ichthyoplankton samples in 1981. Cyprinids represented the only taxa of eggs collected in July (Table V-H-1). I 3 Larval density was greatest in July (36.77/100m ) but species diversity was slightly less than in June (Table V-H-1). Cyprinid yolk-sac and early larvae were most 3 3 abundant (4.18/100m and 30.50/100m, respectively). Gizzard shad larvae were 3 again taken in July but were substantially less abundant (0.84/100m ). Sunfish (Lepomis spp.) larvae were first collected in July and represented 4.5% of the total larval catch. I I 100 I SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Spatial Distribution Inshore Stations 1 and 5 yielded the greatest densities of ichthyoplankton collected I 3 3 in 1981 (23.40/100m and 33.22/100m, respectively) (Table V-H-1). Midchannel 3 3 Stations 2, 3, and 4 exhibited the greatest egg densities (2.71/100m,3.73/100m, 3 and 3.24/100m, re3pectively), while inshore Stations 1 and 5 yielded the most 3 3 larvae (21.62/100m and 30.81/100m, respectively). Only one common carp egg was collected at Station 1 (Table V-H-1). Station 2 yielded all egg taxa collected and was the only site of freshwater drum capture. Stations 3, 4, and 5 yielded minnows and common carp as the only identifiable egg ta xa. I Stations I through 4 each yielded only three taxa of larvae (Table V-H-1). Minnow larvae were the most abundant taxa at all stations; most were found at Stations 1 and 5. Gizzard shad were collected at Stations 3 and 5; most (81.0%) were found at Station 5. White crappie and Stizostedion sp. larvae were taken only at Station

1. Sunfish larvae were collected at midchannel Stations 2, 3, and 4. Yellow perch were taken f rom Stations 2, 4, and 5; post yolk-sac specimens were only collected I

at Station 5. The three adult emerald shiners collected were taken at Station 1 during a single sampling period (Table V-H-1). ,,NU Summary and Conclusions Species composition and relative abundance of ichthyoplankton taken in 1981 along the river entrainment transect were generally similar to that found in 1979 and 1980. Cyprinid larvae comprised the vast majority of the ichthyoplankton catch I and were found most concentrated at stations closest to the BVPS intake structure. However, the relatively high reproductive capabilities of this group should offset any entrainment loss to BVPS. I I I 101 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY '981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I 2. Phytoplankton Objective I To determine the compoCtion and abundance of phytoplankton entrained in the intake water system. Methods Af ter April 1,1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surf ace and bottom water from one operatingintake bay. In the laboratory, phytoplankton analyses were performed in accordance with procedures identified in Section C, PHYTOPLANKTON. Total densities (cells /ml) were calculated for all taxa, however, only densities of the 15 most abundant taxa cach month are presented in Section C. of this report. Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations af ter April 1,1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program, therefore, comparison of entrainment I and river samples was not possible for the 1981 phytoplankton prcgram. Results of phytoplankton analyses for the entrainment sample collected monthly are presented in Section C, PHYTOPLANKTON. During the years 1976 through 1979, phytoplankton densities of entrainmer.t samples were usually slightly lower than those of mean total densities observed from river samples (DLCo 1980). However, species composition of phytoplankton I in the river and entrainment samples was similar (DLCo 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980). Studies f rom previous years indicate mean Shannon-Weiner indices, evenness and richness values of entrainment samples were very similar to the river samples (DLCo,1979,1980). l l l l I 102 1 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Summary and Conclusions Past results of monthly sampling of phytoplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and I within the intake structure showed little difference in densities (cells /ml) and species composition. During periods of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of phytoplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of phytoplankton was negligible,,sven under worst case low flow conditions. I 3. Zooplankton Objective To determine the composition and abundance of zooplankton entrained in the intake water system. Methods Plankton entrainment samples were collected for counting phytoplankton and zooplankton. For zooplankton analyses, a well-mixed sample was taken and processed using the same procedures described in Section D, ZOOPLANKTON. I Af ter April 1,1980, plankton sampling was reduced to one entrainment sample collected monthly. Each sample was a 1 gal composite which contained equal volumes of surface and bottom water. Total densities (number / liter) were calculated for all taxa, however, only taxa which comprised greater than 2% of the total are presented in Section D, 7.OOP LANKTON. I Comparison of Entrainment and River Samples Plankton samples were not collected at any river stations af ter April 1,1980 due to a reduction of the aquatic sampling program, therefore, comparison of eritrainment and river samples was not possible for the 1981 zooplankton program. Results of l zooplankton analyses for the entrainment sample collected monthly are presented l in Section D, ZOOPLANKTON. !I I 103 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I During past years, composition of zooplankton was similar in entrainment and river samples (DLCo 1980). Protozoans and rotif ers were predominant, whereas crustaceans were sparse. Densities of the four most abundant taxa for each month (DLCo,1976,1977,1979,1980) indicate the same taxa were present in both river and intake samples. In addition, they were present in similar quantities. Shannon-Weiner indices, evenness, and richness values for river and entrainment samples were also similar, further demonstrating similarity between entrained and river zooplankton. I Summary and Conclusions I Past results of monthly sampling of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure showed little difference in densities (number / liter) and species composition. During periods of minimum, low river flow (5000 cis), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of zooplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of zooplankton was negligible, even under worst case low flow conditions. I I I II 1 i l I I 104 I SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT / VL REFERENCES i AQUATIC i Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 1980. 1981 Pennsylvania Collectors Permit. Dahlberg, M. D. and E. P. Odum. 1970. Annual cycles of species occurrence, abundance and diversity in Georgia estuarine fish populations. Am. Midl. Nat. 83:382-392. DLCo.1976. Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1. Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.132 pp. DLCo.1977. Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1. Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.123 pp. DLCo.1979. Annual Environmental Report, Nonradiological Volume #1. Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station.149 pp. DLCo. 1980. Annual Environmental Report, Non-radiological. Duquesne Light Company, Beaver Valley Power Station, Unit No.l.160 pp. I EPA. 1973. Biological field and laboratory methods. EPA-670/4-73-001. Cincinnati, OH. Hutchinson, G. E. 1967. A treatise on limnology. Vol. 2, Introduction to take biology and the limnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.1115 pp. Hynes, H. B. N. 1970. The ecology of running waters. Univ. Toronto Press, Toronto. Marcy, B. C. 1976. Planktonic fish egg and larvae of the lower Connecticut River I and the effects of the Connecticut Yankee Plant, including entrainment. In: D. Merriman and L. Thorpe (eds.), The Connecticut River ecological study: the impact of a nuclear power plant. Am. Fish. Soc. Monogr. NO. 1, 115-139. Pielou, E. C. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. Wiley Interscience, Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. I Robins, C. R., R. M. Bailey, C. E. Bond, J. R. Brooker, E. A. Lachner, R. N. Lea, and W. B. Scott. 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the l United States and Canada (Fourth edition). Amer. Fish. Soc. Spec Publ. No. I 12:1-174. Scott, W. B. and E. 3. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Bd. Canada. Bulletin 184. 966 p. Winner, 3. M. 1975. Zooplankton. In: B. A. Whitton, ed. River ecology. Univ. Calif. press. Berkeley and Los Angeles pp. 155-169. I l 1,, I I I l APPENDIX ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT RELATIVE TO [ l ELEVATED DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES I BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION JULY,1981 l l I I I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures........................ iii I I Lis t o f Ta bles........................ iv l BACKGROUND.......................... 1 I IN TROD UCTION......................... 2 t l l BENTHOS 7 A. Literature Survey.................... 7 3. Field Survey........ 11 FISH 19 A. Literature Survey..................... 19 B. Field Survey...................... 32 CONctUSiONS.......................... 33 GLOSSARY 36 REFERENCES.......................... 37 l I I 1 l l 11 I I LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page TS-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS.. 4 TS-2 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE, RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, BY THE OHIO RIVER I VALLEY W ATER SANITATION COMMISSION,1981 6 TS-3 THERMAL STUDY SAMPLING STATIONS,1981, BVPS.... 10 TS-4 RANGE OF REPORTED LETHAL TEMPERATURES FOR FISH I COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL, OHIO RIV E R, 1970- 19 81.................... 30 I I I I I I til I I I LIST OF TABLES Table TS-1 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE RECORDED I AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY W ATER SANITATION COMMISSION,1981.......... 5 TS-2 TEMPERATURE RANGES FOR CHIRONOMIDAE 9 TS-3 NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN l E THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL STUDY, SEPTEMBER 22,1981, 3 BVPS 12 TS-4 NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER, SEPTEMBER 22,1981, BVPS....... 13 TS-5 NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES AND PERCENT l COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHAETA, CH!RONOMIDAE, 5 MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL STUDY, SEPTEMBER 22,1981 BVPS.......................... 14 TS-6 DENSITY AND PERCENT Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri OF TOTAL OLIGOCHAUTA COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL STUDY, SEPTEMBER 22,1981, BVPS.... 17 TS-7 DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL STUDY, I SEPTEMBER 22,1981,BVPS................ 18 TS-8 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE I NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1981, BVPS.......................... 20 TS-9 TEMPERATURE PREFERENCE AND UPPER THERMAL I TOLERANCE INFORMATION FOR FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1981. 22 I TS-10 FISH COLLECTED DURING A SPECIAL THERMAL STUDY AT THE DISCHARGES OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS, SEPTEMBER 23,1981 33 TS-Il NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET, ELECTRO-FISHING, AND MINNOW TRAP AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,1981, BVPS. 34 I ~ I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I BACKGROUND I Environmental Technical Specifications for the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) Unit 1, Appandix B to Operating License No. DPR-66 require that temperature at the outfall be monitored. If an upper limit of 94 F (34.4 C) for 4 hours is exceeded, it must be reported. Twice during 1981, this Maximum Discharge Temperature (MDT) was exceeded: o July 8 for I hour, peaking at 95 F o July 9 for 5 hours, peaking at 96 F. A Special Thermal Study was conducted to identify any adverse effects that might have been imposed on the biological community which normally inhabits the Beaver Valley and Shippingport discharge areas (Figure TS-1). This study was initiated immediately af ter the MDT was exceeded in July. However, decrease of air temperatures and humidity prevented c'uplication of these higher discharge temper-I This study was designed to utilize both site specific field data (fish and atures. benthos samples) and literature references that addressed thermal effects to similar aquatic organisms. Sampling was performed on September 23, a date that coincided with regularly scheduled fish and benthos sampling programs at BVPS. This report contains information on the possible effects of elevated temperature to these two major groups. I I I I 3 l I I 1 I APPE.NDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I INTRODUCTION Temperature is probably the most important factor influencing aquatic macro-invertebrate and fish populations (Reynolds 1977). A variety of organisms have specific temperature requirements. Alterations of temperature by thermal dis-charges can cause significant effects on the animal community (Gammon 1973, Lehmkuhl 1979). Fish and aquatic macroinvertebrates (benthos) are cold-blooded animals. These I organisms cannot significantly regulate internal body temperatures. A large surface area to body volume ratio caused by small size and/or gill-breathing characteristics of benthic organisms and fish precludes ac.y control of body temperatures. The high specific heat of water combined with the large body surf ace area exposed to the surrounding aquatic environment quickly drains any metabolic heat generated by these organisms. Likewise, any change in ambient temnerature is quickly transferred throughout the body of a cold-blooded animal. Life of any organisms is dependent on protein synthesis and stability. These processes are highly tem'perature dependent and operate effectively within a relatively narrow range of temperatures usually dictated genetically by the thermal history of each species and natural selection. Obviously, a species is adapted to thermal fluctuations that naturally occur in its habitat, but rapid, man-made fluctuations may cause temperatures to exceed a species physiological limit causing inhibition of normal protein synthesis or denaturation of proteins already synthesised. These influences on the proteins may ultimately lead to death if the I physiological disruption is severe. Temperature influences can be divided into two broad categories, acute lethal and l subiethat chronic. Short-term exposure to lethal temperatures (acute effects), is misleading in at least two ways:

1) they f ail to detect ecologically meaningful problems and 2) they frequently direct attention to a brief shock reaction (Lehmkuhl 1979). Organisms briefly exposed to elevated temperature below the I

lethal threshold limit frequently recover af ter a brief shock response (Sherberger I !I 2 I E APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I et al.1977). However, subtle but equally adverse effects caused by long-term exposure to sublethal chronic temperatures can have a much greater ecological I consequence on populations. Chronic effects of elevated temperatures affect fecundity, longevity, and behavior, or may cause stress-induced inhibitory or stimulatory effects on reproduction (Precht et al.1973, Lehmkuhl 1979). While distributional changes and thermal shock due to heated discharges can be I important year round, the potential to create adverse thermal conditions for resident species becomes more probable during the summer when naturally high ainbient temperatures and relatively low river flow result in a decreased ability of the river to dissipate thermally elevated discharges. Figure TS-2 illustrates the inverse relationship between natural river temperature and river flow that existed in the Ohio River near BVPS in 1981 (Table TS-1). I I I I I I I I ~ I I I 3 I m m m m m m m m m m m m a m m m e a m' m m m2 OR isoo o isoo sooo s 1.. g scata rett g 'n ,2,,; ~ i ' ,4.,.L >D .a 3, ,,>>2, Z 'MIDLANDy,,,,, ZE , ~,,l " ',,, k E c-TRANSECT 3 s r U! N , ~ g,, 'R e,,,,,, s 4'(.,; \\', ' f ;", ,"f,,,,, a F gC s's,z,#, + N, j ,s, o x. 'f O :t fH 'y .on my /,, gy '"* ").. i., TRANSECT I >5 o r> TR ANSECT,,2 A g'- Ak >= x q; yl Oh LEGEND o g p 01 BE AVER VALLEY DISCHARGE [ h ,j,,,,,,, o: D2 SHIPPINGPORT DISCHARGE

I 8**

I Q D3 INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGE ,l o AfD TO NAVIGATION I

TRANSMISSION LINE 28 SHIPPINGPORT f'****

POWER STATION POWER { STATION l l l FIGURE TS-1 i SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN Tile VICINITY OF Tile BEAVER VALLEY AND SilIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 'o'o TABLE TS-1 { O OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TEMPERATURE ( F) RECORDED AT Q EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSANCO) 1981 G M th J F M A M J J A S O N D 3 Flow (cfs x 10 ) gg 2 C Maximuk I ally Average 39.0 219.0 106.0 146.0 113.0 142.0 39.0 28.0 54.0 87.0 61.0 120.0 CO >C r' M Monthly Average 21.0 86.0 53.0 67.0 51.0 64.0 21.0 14.0 25.0 28.0 35.0 49.0 m$ Z rn Minimum Daily Average 15.0 28.0 26.0 27.0 22.0 27.0 11.0 8.0 11.0 13.0 18.0 26.0 $ C o' W O O2 ;g H Temperature ( F) hn 2 O jk Maximum Daily value 38 50 51 60 69 75 82 80 81 67 54 42 r- > gh Monthly Average 34 36 43 57 62 72 79 79 73 61 47 38 Q Minimum Daily value 32 34 40 51 56 67 74 77 67 57 41 35 l

3 APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 220 - ggg,o /\\ I t L MAXIMUM DAILY AVERAGE T T 16 0 - l MONTHLY AVERAGE I MINIMUM DAILY AVERAGE f \\ 4 d l 1 / \\ '1 / \\ f I g \\ I l \\ / 120 - 1 I / \\ / t I \\/ V \\ l I "o I V \\ / \\ / l \\ / u I S / 1 ,'/'x/ O 80 - l I = i ) / \\v 3 f \\ O f \\ ,s E w 40 - Q j N/ g / ~ - ~. \\. l l l l l l l l l l l l 1 I

~~ 9

/ 80 - / \\ I ,/ \\ / / \\ 70 - f g I \\ / C. / \\ \\ / \\ t w 60 - / \\ o ' / \\ a f \\ 50 - j b 7 \\ \\ g / / 'N ^ ~ I 30 l J l F l M l A IM I J l J l A l S I O I N l D 1 1981 FIGURE TS-2 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE (Flow cfs) AND TEMPERATURE ( F), RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO (MP 40.2) BY THE CHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION (ORSA:CO), 1981 I 6

E APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY g 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I BENTHOS A. Literature Survey i Information regarding effects of temperture on macroinvertebrates consists largely of descriptive studies of populations in the area of thermal influences. Few studies have dealt with the influence of acute effects of temperatures on species of invertebrates known to inhabit the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS. Even fewer studies have evaluated the influence of chronic elevated temperatures on these I species of macroinvertebrates. Therefore, many of the thermal effects discussed in this section, while attributed to similar taxa, are for species or even genera not 'ound in the Ohio River near BVPS. These studies provide some generalities on temperature influences, however, conclusions regarding acute lethal values or chronic responses based on taxonomic units above the species unit are questionable. Resh and Unzicker (1975) documented the importance of identifying the species I when evaluating water quality tolerance units within the same genus. It is also well known that temperature preference has frequently acted as a factor separating distributions of congeneric species within streams (Hynes 1972). I The severity of thermal effects on macroinvertebrates is also influenced and modified by other parameters such as age of organism, ambient temperature prior to exposure, pH, low dissolved oxygen and other extremes in physical and chemical factors (Bell and Nebeker 1969, Gaufin and Hern 1971, Gregg 1975, Nebeker and I Lemke 1978). These chemical and physical factors will vary from site to site. In addition, selective pressures of thermal regimes are capable of producing genetic I differences in populations of snails, an apparent genetic adaptation to local microenvironmental thermal regimes (McMahon and Payne 1980). It is apparent l that many factors influence temperature effects on macroinvertebrates. Ideally, acute and chronic temperature effects should be evaluated based on site specific studies using indigeous pooulations of organisms collected from the receiving stream. The remainder of this review will summarize reported temperature effects on organisms known to inhabit the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS. I l I

APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Oligochaeta Oligochaeta is the dominant benthic invertebrate in the Ohio River in the vicinity I of the BVPS. Aston (1973), through field and experimental studies, evaluated the effects of a power station thermal effluent on the tubificids (Oligochaeta: Annelida) Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex in the River Trent, England. Both L. hoffmeisteri and T_. tubifex are found in the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS. Benthic collections from the River Trent revealed higher numbers of sexually mature L_. hoffmeisteri downstream than upstream from an electric generating station (Aston 1973). Laboratory experiments were carried out I by Aston (1973) on the effects of oxygen and temperature on the reproductive rate of the worms. These experiments showed that L hoffmeisteri increased its rate of egg production with an ir. crease in temperature up to 25 C. Tubifex tubifex maintained a fairly steady rate of egg production over a range of temperatures from 10 to 25 C. Limnodrilus maintained a f airly steady rate of egg and cocoon production over a wide range of oxygen concentrations above 2 mg/1. I Branchiura sowerbyi, a component of the Ohio River benthic fauna, has been reported to maintain large populations and attain sexual maturity in heated effluents (Brinkhurst and Cook 1974). Hirudinea Leeches are a minor component of the Ohio River near BVPS. The leech Helobdella stagnalis produced two generations per year in a comparitively warm pond in British Columbia but only a single generation per year in a cooler pond in Alberta (Davies and Reynoldson 1976). Thus, the increased temperature associated I with thermal effluents could increase the number of leeches in an aquatic ecosystem (Lehmkuhl 1979). In contrast, Aston and Brown (1975) found that reproduction in the leech Erpobdella octoculata was regulated by day length and the life cycle was similar at five different stations in the River Trent, England, a thermally polluted river. Temperatures above 30 C or higher limit the distribution of freshwater leeches in both natural and thermally polluted environments (Sawyer 1974). Helobdella stagnalis and an undetermined species of Erpobdella have been I collected in the Ohio River near BVPS. Neither of these species can tolerate temperatures over 35.1 C (Sawyer 1974). I 8 I

APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE TS-2 TD(PERATURE RANGES FOR CHIRONOMIDAE

Temperature (C)

Minimum Maximum Chironominae I Chirononus 0 32.8 Cryptochironomus 0 32.8 Glyptotendipedes 0 32.8 Harnischia tenuicaudata (Malloch) 4.4 30.0 I Microtendipes pedellus (DeGeer) 0 32.8 Parachironomus 0 38.7 Polypedilum 0 40.0 Rheotanytarsus 0 32.8 Tanypodinae Ablabesmyia illinoensis (Malloch) 0 32.0 I Coelotanypus concinnus (Coquillet) 0 32.8 Procladius 0 32.8 I Orthocladiinae Cricotopus 0 38.8 Orthocladius 0 34.0 Diamesinae Diamesa nivoriunda Fitch 0 32.8

Summarized from Curry (1965).

I I I I E 1 I I 9 I

>Tmm2OE UCOC@zm r3% em> 4 m g2 >ZZC>rm4dm9z't s>r Nmm8d = e = ,) 9 o y N gR O Oe I LE T LWA AOT VPS = n l N - o 0 i R, e O T P A O T O S = N M,v~P P R = E W HO SP L~ = pN,,N' 1 8 = 9 1 = SN = O ITAT = S 3 G = o S N o i T I t LS er E PP = R MV U AB = M. G S I E F Y o. G D A R - U = 4 A T ac H = , C o S C 3,. L D A .A ^ S, M Y o R s E E e L T G l L R N, i s A o H T s u V P S, c F T O S R .k R, E R O = S t E v,N T H V T C T a,,L C D E N I = R S N IL L E E ro eS G E B N E A G OA 4 O R E s, s I T L oo u H 7 CA a. , n, O a s e ouiu la

== = = = = gO = = ll. t l

g APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 3 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Aquatic Insecta exclusive of Chironomidae A variety of aquatic insects have been occasionally collected from the Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS. Aquatic insects are not a dominant component of the benthic fauna in this area. Langford (1975) provided evidence that aquatic insects were able to acclimate or compensate for temperature changes. He did not find significant changes in insect emergence patterns of mayflies and caddisflies in the River Severn, a river warmed as much as 8 C above normal. I Sherberger et al. (1977) reported that Hydropsyche and Isonychia exposed to thermal shocks of varying duration did not show consistent statistically significant differences between treatment and control groups until the shock temperature neared the upper lethal temperature 36 to 38 C. This study demonstrated that neither acclimation temperature nor magnitude of the thermai shock was con-sequential in producing lethality until the upper temperature was approached. Chironomidae Chironomidae comprise a significant component of the benthos community inhabit-ing the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS. Table TS-2 summarizes temperature requirements for genera of Chironc.nidae found in the Ohio River. I Mollusca Exposure of Corbicula fluminea to temperatures between 36 C (5 Acclimation) and 43 C (30 Acclimation) for 30 minutes caused 100% mortality. For continuous I exposures, upper tolerance limits (50% mortality level) were between 38 C ($ Acclimation)and 34 C (30 Acclimation)(Mattice and Dye 1975). B. Field Survey I Benthic samples were collected at Stations 1,2A,2B,3, Dl, D2, T1, and T2 (Figure TS-3) using the Ponar grab. Duplicate grabs were taken at Stations 1, 2A, and 3. I Single grabs were taken at Stations D1 and D2. Sampling at Stations TS1, TS2 was completed with single benthic grabs at the midchannel and south side, whereas at Station 2B single ponar grabs were collected at the south, midchannel, and north i side. I l I u

APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMP ANY I 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT l I TABLE TS-3 NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL STUDY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1981 I BVPS Station D1 _ 32 TSl* TS2* Hydra 10 I Nemertea 20 Nematoda 40 119 Oligochae ta Enchaetraeidae I Dero 40 109 Paranais frici 50 Stephensoniana trivandrana 79 I Aulodrilus limnobius 119 929 A_. piqueti 316 79 366 Branchiura sowerbyi 40 20 Ilyodrilus templetoni Limnodrilus cervix 158 20 20 L. hoffmeisteri 949 632 247 158 L. udekemianus 79 40 20 I Peloscolex multisetosus multisetosus 99 Potamothrix moldaviensis 40 10 Immatures w/o capilliform chaetae 4,289 1,423 4,230 425 l g Immatures w/ capilliform chaetae 79 l g Cocoon + l Amphipoda Gammarus 20 40 10 I Chironomus 20 Coelotanypus Dicrotendipes Harnischia 40 I Nanocladius distinctus 10 Procladius 40 I Corbicula fluminea 455 1,789 208 Unionidae immature 20 Number of Taxa 8 9 18 8 Total 6,049 2,769 8,138 950

Values represent mean (ic) of duplicate samples.

+ Indicates organisms present. I I 12 I

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE TS-4 T NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES (Number /m ) COLLECTED .D IN THE OHIO RIVER, SEPTEMBER 22, 1981 g BVPS g 5 Station 1 2A 2B 3 Taxa Nematoda 10 20 Bryozoa ~ Urnatella gracilis + Annelida 2 O Oligochaeta Dero sp. 10 >C Stephensoniana trivandra 59 7 89 r@ Stylarla lacustris 10 QZ Aulodeilus limnobius 69 129 53 119

m i Total 6,049 100 2,769 99 8,094 100 950 100

w. <

m

Values represent mean (x) of duplicate samples.

O-4

l 1

i APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Habitats Substrate type is an important factor in determining the composition of the benthic I community. Two distinct benthic habitats exist in the Ohio River near BVPS. These habitats are the result of channelization and river traffic. Shoreliru habitats are generally sof t muck-type substrates composed of sand, silt, and detritus. An exception occurs along the north shoreline of Phillis Island at Transect 2A (Figure TS-1) where clay and sand predominate. This condition is the result of sand dredging operations that occurred many years ago. The other habitat type, hard substrate, is located at mid-river. The hard substrate was initially caused by I channelization and is maintained through scouring caused by river currents and turbulence from commercial boat traffic. Community Structure and Spatial Distribution Twenty-eight macroinvertebrate taxa were identified during the 1981 thermal study (Table TS-2). The macroinvertebrate assemblage during 1981 was composed primarily of borrowing organisms typical of sof t unconsolidated substrates. Oligochaeta accounted for the highest percentages of macroinvertebrates at all sampling sites (Table TS-5). Oligochaeta accounted for a greater percentage of the macroinvertebrate community at Stations 1, 3, Dl, and D2 as compared to Stations TS1, TS2, and 2A, where Chironomidae and Mollusca are usually more abundant. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects I No adverse impact to the benthic community was observed during 1981. This is based on an assessment of taxa composition and densities to determine environ-mental change between the Control Station 1 and Non-Control Stations Dl, D2, TS1, and TS2. I Data indicate that oligochaetes are predominant throughout the study area. The most abundant taxa at all stations were immature tubificids without capilliform chaetae (Tabler. TS-3 and TS-4). Oligochaetes which were common or abundant at all sampling stations during the study were Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Aulodrilus I limnobius, Aulodrilus puqueti, and Stephensoniana trivandra. In general, sexually I I 15 I I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I mature L. hoffmeisteri account for a greater percentage of the total oligochaete population at Non-Control Stations Dl, D2, TS1, TS2, and 2B when compared with I Control Station 1 (Table TS-6). The greater occurrence of sexually mature L. hoffmeisteri in areas of thermal influence has been reported by Aston (1973). Common genera of chironomids were Procladius, Coelotanypus and Cryptochironomus. Frequently, a greater variety of organisms is found at Stations TS1, TS2, and 2B compared to Station 1. This usually results in a slightly higher Shannon-Weiner diversity and evenness at these stations (Table TS-7). I The mean number of taxa and Shannon-Weiner indices for the back channel stations (TS1, TS2, 2B) were within the range of values observed for other stations in the study area. Most differences observed between Control Station and Non-Control Stations can be related to differences in habitat. A slight increase in the number of sexually mature L_. hoffmeisteri at some Non-Control Stations is the only observed influence that could be the result of thermal effluent. In general, species composition during the 1981 thermal study was similar to that observed during previous studies (1973 through 1980) which monitored benthic populations in the vicinity of BVPS. I I I I I I I 16 I m M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M m m m h TABLE TS-6 DENSITY (Number /m ) AND PERCENT Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri OF TOTAL OLIGOCIIAETA COLLECTED IN TIIE OIIIO RIVER T!!ERMAL STUDY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1981 BVPS G 2 i Station >U hC 1* 2A* D1 D2 TSl* TS2* 2B** 3* CD >C Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri ($/m ) 247 80 949 632 247 158 20 119 m2m 2 Oligochaeta (8/m ) 2,055 784 6,049 2,274 6,148' 592 430 2,819 $r N O L. hoffmeisteri (%) 12 10 16 28 4 27 5 4 FR G Z O

Values represent mean (i) of duplicate samples.

yh r>

- Values represent mean (5) of triplicate samples.

m O N --I l l l l E APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE TS-7 DIVERSITY VAI/JES FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES I COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER THERMAL S'IUDY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1981 I Station D1 D2 TSl* TS2* No. Taxa 8 9 18 7 Shannon-Weiner Index 1.47 1.97 1.93 1.64 Evenness 0.49 0.59 0.53 0.66

Values represent mean (x) of duplicate samples.

I I lI I I ' I I I I 1e lI 1- APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMP ANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT l FISH A. Literature Survey A total of 50 fish species has been collected from the New Cumberland Pool, Ohio River in the vicinity of BVPS from 1970 to 1981 (Table TS-8). Thermal information regarding these fishes is presented in Table TS-9. Nearly 40% of the species collected are reported to be adversely affected by water warmer than the 0 Maximum Discharge Temperature (MDT=94 F) permitted for the BVPS (Figure TS-4). Another 14% have upper lethal limits very near the MDT and should also be considered vulnerable to the thermal shock that occurs when the MDT is exceeded. However, MDT is also above the Final Temperature Preferences (FTP) and the Upper Avoidance Temperatures (UAT) reported for these species. It is highly probable that most resident juvenile and adult fishes would avoid areas at or above MDT. Larval fish may have been swept into lethal temperature regimes; however, 3 because the ratio of BVPS discharr (41.2 f t /sec) versus river flow (21,000 I 3 f t /sec) that occurred during the day which MDT was exceeded was low, it is likely that only a very small area of the river would have been adversely affected by the thermal discharge resulting in low larval mortality. Almost all the information given in Table TS-9 concerns acute effects of elevated temperatures. Any long term exposure to artifically elevated temperatures can lead to a wide variety of chronic effects to fish populations. Literature reviews by Coutant and Talmage 1977; Talmage and Coutant 1978, 1979, 1980; and Cravens 1981 provide an abundance of examples of recent studies regarding the effects of I long term exposures ~ to unusual thermal conditions. In addition, temperature preference and upper thermal tolerance values given in Table TS-9 should not be considered absolute. Without site specific data exact thermal tolerance information cannot be reported for fishes inhabiting the vicinity of BVPS. Values in Table TS-9 represent the best available approximations based on studies at other localities under somewhat different conditions. A number of factors including previous thermal history (Fry 1947), age of the fish (Fry 1937, as cited in Ferguson I 1958; Kwain and McCauley 1978; Peterson and Metcalfe 1979), geographic location I I u I l APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY W 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE TS-8 (SCIENTIFIC AND COPEON NAME) (a) FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1981 BVPS Family and Scientific Nama Common Name Lepisosteidae (gars) Lepisosteus osseus Longnose gar Clupeidae (herrings) I Alosa chrysochloris Skipjack herring Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Esocidae (pikes) Esox lucius Northern pike E. masquinonoy Muskellunge E. lucius X E_. masquinongy Tiger muskellunge Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Campostoma anomalum Central stoneroller ( l Carassius auratus Goldfish 3 Cyprinus carpio Common carp C. carpio X Carassius auratus Carp-goldfish hybrid Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden shiner Notropis atherinoides Emerald shiner N. cornutus Common shiner N. rubellus Rosyface shiner I' N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner l N_. stramineus Sand shiner N_. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow I Rhinichthys atratulus Blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus Creek chub I Catostcznidae (suckers) Carpiodes cyorinus Quillback Catostomus commersoni White sucker I Hypentelium nigricans Northern hog sucker Ictiobus niger Black buffalo Moxostoma anisurum Silver redhorse M. duquesnei Black redhorse M_. erythrurum Golden redhorse M_. macrolepidotum Shorthead redhorse I 20 l I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT TABLE TS-8 (Continued) Family and Scientific Name Common Name Ictaluridae (bullhead catfishes) Ictalurus catus White catfish I. melas Black bullhead I_ natalis Yellow bullhead I, nebulosus Brown bullhead [.punctatus Channel catfish Percopsidae (trout-perches) Percopsis omiscomaycus Trout-perch Cyprinodontidae (killifishes) Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Percichthyidae (temperate basses) Morone chrysops White bass Centrarchidae (sunfishes) Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis cyanellus Green sinfish t L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed L. macrochirus Bluegill ( Micropterus dolomieui Smallmouth bass M_. punctulatus Spotted bass M. salmoides Largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis White crappie P. pigromaculatus Black crappie Percidae (perches) Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter E. zonale Banded darter l Perca flavescens ~ Yellow perch l Percina caprodes Logperch Stizostedion canadense Sauger I S_. vitreum vitreum Walleye Sciaenidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum l l I" Nomenclature follows Robins et al. (1980). l l l l 21 I M M M M T T IV TABLE TS-9 Z 9. TIMPERATURE PRdFERENCE AND UPPER TSIERMAL TOLERANCE INFORMATION x FOR FISH COLLECTED IN THE NDi CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1981 Type of Common Naane Location _ Study Life Stage Thermal Information i g* neference G oo Longnose gar Illinois Field Adult F1T=13.0-35.0 C.umson 1973 w Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=25.3 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 g Adu1t FTP=33.I 7 C cO Glazard shad Tennessee Field Adult FTP=23.0 >C Illinois Fiel3 Adult FTP=28.5-31.0 Dendy 1945 Gammon 1973 1" ] Lakr Erie Lab Adult FTP=20.5 (F) Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 gn 7 CTM=31.7 2 [m Minnesota Lab Juvenile LT $ g-. w 50" '8"#*I" N Skipjack herring Illinols Field Adult FTP=27.0-29.0 Nb Gammon 1973 Oz 2 4 Northern pike Germany ' Lab Larvae CTM=34.5 Tschortner 1956s as cited in in O Franklin and Smith 1963 2 Ontario, Canada Lab Juvenile LT50=33.0 0 25.0 a m. Scott 1964 Minnesota Lab Larvae LT50=28.4 Hokanson et al. 1973 yy LT =25.0 g- *p Ohio Lab Adult LT

29.0 2

Hornings personal communication cited in Casselman 1978 gy *< Ontario Lab Juvenile ULT 50= 9.4 asselman 1978 mO Muskellunge Ontario Lab Juvenile FTP=24.0 N Jackson and Price 1949 as c.' ted d in Ferguson 1918 Ontario Lab Juvenile LT =32.5 9 25.0 acc. Scott 1964 New York Lab Larvae CT 33.2-36.1 9 25.0 acc. Haasen and Spotila 1976 New York Lab Larvae C1M=32.8 Bonin and Spot 111a 1978 New York Lab Juvenile CTM*34.2-34.9 9 18.2-20.2 acc. Bonin 1979 Pennsylvania Lab Juvenile FTP=21.9 (AM): 21.3 (PM) Reynolds and Casterlin 1979 Tiger Ontario Lab Juvenile LT =33.0 925.0 am.: shd muskellunge 50 some evidence of hybrid vigor to thermal stress New York Lab Larvae C1M=34.0 Scott 1964 Bonin and Spotilia 1378 M M M M M M M M m' M >'o "U ITI TABLE TS-9 (Continued) Z O TYPE of E Cosumon Name Location Study Life Stage Thermal Infweation i Cl* Reference Goldfish Ontario Lab Juvenile ULT 5n=41.0 Fry et al. 1942 Ontario Lab Juvenile FTP=28.1 Fry 1947 Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=27.0 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 CTM greater than 35.0 Illinois ' Lab Juvenile CTM-37.6 e 25.0 acc. Cossins et al. 1977

oo France Lab Adult Spermatogenesis inhibited Gillet et al. 1977 above 30.0

>O Z Centr al Virginia Lab Adult FTP=26.8 Stauffer et al. 1976 Z C stoneroller UAT=33.0 e 27.0 acc. C Field Adult FTP=22.7-23.8 gy: Virginia Lab Adult FTP=26.2 Cherry st al. 1977 Ut ULT = 1.0 M 50 2< Consson carp Canada Lab Juvenile FTP=32.0 Pitt et al. 19563 as cited -C h) UAT=35.0 in coutant 1977 N O W wisoonsin Lab Juvenile FTP=31.9 (da) 32.0 (n) Neill 19713 as cited Z UAT=33.5 (da): 32.3 (n) in Coutant 1977 g "I 1111nois Field Adult FTP=33.0-35.0 Gammon 1973 mO Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=29.7 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 zO CTM=39.0 -1 $ Pennsylvania Lab Juvenile FTP=29.0 Reynolds and Casterlin 1977 > *U t-' > Colden shiner Lake Erie Lab Adult FTP=22.3 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 CTM=30.5 QO Emerald shiner Ontario Lab Adult ULT50 ' I #8 #

N in Kowalski et al. 1978 q

Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=22.0-23.0 Barans and Tubb 1973 Adult FTP=22.0-24.0 ( Lake Erie Lab Adult C1M-28.6 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 Common shiner Ontario Lab Adult ULT ar 95 3 as cited 50 in Kowalski et al. 1978 Illinois Lab Adult FTP=30.2 (Sp): 41.1 (F) Ulvestad and Ear 1977 New York Lab Adult CTN=30.6 (W): 31.9 (Sp) Kowalski et al. 1978 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M T T TABLE TS-9 (Continued) Type of o ~ Comsson Name g ation Study Life Stage Thermal Information (C* Reference l Creek chuts Ontario Lab Adult LT50=32.6 Brett 19443 as cited in Brown 1974 Ontario Lab Adult ULT =31.'6 Hart 19523 as cited in 0 Brown 1974 Blacknose dace Ontario Lab Adult ULT =29.5 Hart 19523 as cited in N g Brown 1974 y2 U Quillback Illinois Fleid Adult FTP=29.0-31.0 Ga==nn 1973 2 C Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=22.1 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 CO C1N=37.2 >C '~$ White sucker Colorado Field Adult FTP=18.9-21.1 Horak and Tanner 1964 (T! 2 Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=22.4 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 2 [T1 CTM 31.6 I(" w m3 Northern Virginia Lab Juv.& Adult FTP=29.2 Cherry et al. 1975 Oz hog sucker Virginia Lab Juv.& Adult FTP=27.9 Stauffer et al. 1976 2 H UAT-33.0 0 24.0 acc. 7 Field Adult FTP=26.6-27.7 gn 7 Q Virginia Lab Juv.6 Adult FTP=28.6 Cherry et al. 1977 gg ULT =33.0 UATd3.0624.0Acc. >T F> New YN k Lab Juv.6Adalt CIN=30.8 9 15.0 acc. Kowalski et al. 1978 2 y< [T1 Black buffalo NO INtVRMATION TO Silver redhorse West Virginia Lab Larvae F1P=27.8 Salth (In Prep.) ULT50" Black redhorse NO INIVRMATION Golden redhorse Illinois Field Adult FTP=26.0-27.5 Gammon 1973 West Virginia Lab Larvae FTP=28.9 Smith (In Prep.) ULT50" Shorthead Illinois Ftold Adult FTP=26.0-27.5 Gaannon 1973 redhorse W W W M M M M M M M M M M M M M M T T TABLE TS-9 (Continued) m 2 Type of OQ Common Name Location Study Life Stage Thermal Information (OQ" Reference Rosyface shiner Virginia Lab Adult FTP=27.6 Cherry at al. 1975 Virginia Lab Adult FTP=26.0 Cherry et al. 1977 UAT-27.0 0 24. 0 acc. ULT =33.0 Virginia Lab Adult FTP!h8.8 Stauffer et al. 1976 UATa27.0 0 24.0 acc. Field Adult FTP=28.3-30.0 New York Lab Adult C1N=31.8 9 15.0 acc. Kowalski et al. 1978 >U ZZ C Spotfin shiner Pennsylvania Lab Adult UAT=32.2 0 25.5 acc. Robbins and Mathur 1974 as CO cited in Stauffer et al. 1976 >C virginia Lab Adult UAT=35.0 e 30.0 acc. Cherry et al. 1975 I Virginia Lab Adult FTP=29.8 Stauffer et al. 1976 MZ tn UAT=36.0 0 33.0 acc. 2M Field Adult No observable t!ternal preferences bF Sand shiner New York Lab Adult CTM=32.3 (W): 33.1 (Sp) Kowalski et al. 1978 O b y, Mir.ac shiner Virginia Field Adult No observable thermal Stauffer et al. 1976 pre fe r ences gQ zO -I $ Bluntnose minnow Ontario Lab Adult ULT = 50 Hart 19473 as cited >T in Kowalskt et al. 1978 F> Virginia Lab Adult FTP=28.4 Cherry et al. 1975 M 2 Lake Erie Lab Adult CtM=27.8 (SP) Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 m< Virginia Lab Adult FTP=26.7 Stauffer et al. 1976 UAT=30.0 0 27.0 acc. Field Adult FTP=19.5-23.2 p UAT greater than 35.0 g Virginia Lab Adult FTP=28.1 Cherry et al. 1977 ULT =32.0 Pennsylvania Lab Adult FTP 3.1 Melisky 1980 ULT =33.1 UAT$0.0e24.0acc. M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M l

o o

m TABLE TS49 (Continued) 2 O Type of Q Common Name Location Study Life Stage Thermal Information (CJ Reference White catfish NO INIVRMATION alack bullhead Minnesota Lab Juvenile LT * $* '*"C*** 50 Yellow bullhead Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=28.3 Reutter and Herdendort 1976 co Cnt=36.4 Pennsylvania Lab Juvenile FTP=28.8 Reynolds and Casterlin 1978

)>

Adult FTP=27.6 2 U Z C Brown bullhead Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=24.9 Reutter and herdendorf 1976 C CTM= 37.8 Massachusetts Lab Adult FTP=27.3 (W) Richards and Ibara 1978 u AZ Channel catfish Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=30.5 Cherry et al.1975 N ULT =35.0 Virginia Field Juv.6 Adult FTPD3.9-35.0 F, N Stauffer et al. 1976 O S. Carolina Field Juvenile FTP=26.1 Cheethan et al. 1976 3* Cnt=39.5 9 26.0 acc.

p. "'I Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=25.2 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976

%O Cni=38.0 zO -t E Traut-perch Lake Michigan Field Adult FTP=10.0-16.0 Wells 1968: as cited in >T Coutant 1977 I> Lake Erie Lab Adult Ch -22.9 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 %M< Banded killifish Pennsylvania Lab Adult FTP=28.6 Melisky et al. 1980 Nova Scotia Lab Adult F1?=21.0 Garaide and Morrison 1977 Nova Scotia Lab Adult LT y 50" d White bass Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=30.0-34.0 Barans and Tubb 1973 Adult FTP=30.0-32.0 Lake Erie Lib Adult FTP=27.8 Reutter and Herdendor f 1976 CTM=35.3 Illinois Field Adult FTP=28.0-29.5 Gamman 1973 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M m

O m

TABLE TS-9 (Contir.ued) 2 Type of X Common Name Location Study Life Stage Thermal information ( Q* Reference Rock bass Wisconsin Lab Juvenile FTP=26.2 (da): 28.8 (n) Neill 19713 as cited UAT=29.0 (da), 29.5 (n) in Coutant 1977 Field Adult FTP=26.8-28.3 Lake Erie Lab Juvenile F1?=20.2 (Su) s 22.8 (F) Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 Q CTM=36.0 00 Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=30.2 Stauffer et al. 1976 ~ UAT=30.0 8 24.0 acc. Field Adult FTP=30.0 g Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=30.6 Cherry et al. 1977 2 C U:.T =36.0 g UAT!$0.0024.0acc. yC rM i Green sunfish Wisconsin Lab Juvenile TP=28.2 9 20.0-22.0 acc. Bettinger et al. 1975 2m mz UAT=30.3 0 20.0-22.0 acc.

U 2 Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=30.3 Cherry et al. 1977 2 C ULY =35.0 CO UATU3.0024.0and27.0 h acc. V1 Spotted bass Tennessee Field Adt.lt FTP=29.4 Dendy 1945 M2 Illinois Field Adult FTP=28.0-30.0 Gammon 1973 2M y Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=32.0 Stauffer et al. 1976 b[ 00 UAT=33.0 0 24.0 acc. N C) Field Adult LT greater than 35.0 O 7 Virginia Lab Juvenile FTN31.2 hd UAT=33.0 0 24.0 acc. ULT,=36.0 % (O ) 3 2 H 3C Langemouth bass Tennessee Field Adult FTP=26.6-27.7 Dendy 1945 >T Wisconsin Field Adult UAT=30.7 (da), 31.0 (n) Neill and Magnuson 1974 I> Pennsylvania Lab Juvenile FTP=30.0 Reynolds and Casterlin 1976 M 2 Minnesota Lab Juvenile LT50" $' '*"C*I" i White crappie Illinois Field Adult FTP=27.0-31.0 Gammon 1973 g Lake Eric Lab Juvenile FTP=19.4 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 q C'.M greater than 32.8 i Black crappie Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=21.7 (Su): 24.6 (W) Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 CMT=34.9 Pennsylvania Lab Juvenile FTP=24.0 Reynolds and Casterlin 1976 i l M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M >'o T TTI TABLE TS-9 (Continued) Z D Type of Comun<m N we Location Study Life stage Thermal Information ( C " Reference J JcAnny darter New Yor k Lab Adult Cm= 31. 4 (Sp) Kowalski et al. 1978 Yellow perch Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=28.0-29.0 Barans and Tubb 1973 Adult FTP=23.0-26.0 g Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=20.9 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 oo CTM=35.0 Virginia Lab Juvenile FTP=19.2 Cherry et al. 1977 >U UAT=29.0 0 24.0 acc. 2 ULT = 6.0 50 Ib3 perch NO INFORMATION >C p til tn Sauger Tennessee Field Adult FTP=19.2 Dendy 1945 Illinois Field Adult FTP=26.0-28.0 Gamoon 1973 Wisconsin Lab Juvenile LT -30.4 0 20.0-22.0 acc. Smith and Koenst 1975 gC 50 9 O c Wa!! eye Tennessee Field Adult FTP=22.7-23.0 DerJy 1945 oZ 2 d Wisconsin Lab Juvenile LT =31.6 0 26.0 acc. Saath and Koenst 1975 30 g Lake Erie Lab Juvenile Cm greater than 34.4 Reutter and Herdendorf 1976 ryi O Alabama Lab Juvenile Maximum growth Wrenn and Forsythe 1978 2 O temperature =32.0-33.0 =4 3 > *o F estewater drum Illinois Field Adult FTP=28.0-31.0 Gammon 1973 I> Lake Erie Lab Juvenile FTP=31.3 Reutter and Herdendor f 1976 M Adult FTP=26.5 Q Juvenile Cm=34. 0 O Minnesota Lab Juvenile LT

- "C#I" 50" NH a) KEY: FTP=

Final Temperature Preference (Sp)= Spring Cma Critical Thermal Masimum (Su)= Summer LT Upper h th ! Temperature (F)= Fall = 0 UL EE*' '**

I"CIE *"
- E*I" 50" Upper Avoidance Temperature UAT=

(AH)= morning TP= Temperature Preference (PM)= evening acc.= Acclimation Temperature (da)= day (n)= night Lethal Temperature (CTM, LT50, ET50 I 'Oo n n n n u u u u u b b b ITI m a m m o m A m m O N A 2 o g g f f a f B R I I I a m e -a l M a Longnose gar l o '83 I G13 ard shad F sM i Skipiack herring" h I ko a llg Northern pike W Od g Om Maskellunge 2 l l l G a oo Tiger muskellunge } l1 MF } >g 7 Goldfish l l 2$ 2h = Central stoneroller l l ar C>C t NH comfoon carp pm g i gg Colden shiner f y I I . m a 2m ca Daerald shiner f I o y Cannon shiner H l o H O g- $ Rosyface shiner H g WM [ 3". g 9 Spotfin shiner * ( I $o O a I o Sand shiner xx HE H l = Mimic shiner

yc I

~x

o 7 Bluntnose minnow

= l o (T) N Creek chub 8 m

O H

go O Blacknose dace I mb M l y rm Quillback 3 I I O g O a l M White sucker .8 1 D g Northern bog sucker y l s Z Silver redhorse I a O Black redhorse M l Colden redhorse I l Shorthead redhorse" M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Lethal Temperature (CTM, LT50, ET50 I T T n n n n u u u u u b b b M N b m CD O N A m CD O N b Zo i i i Black butfalo" White catfish" l Black bullhead l l Yellow bullhead I l Brown bullhead l ] Channel catfish I' y Trout-perch I 0 Banded killif tsh ll C,C l >M White bass I l nm r OH M I C 0 M2 E. Rock bass l o5 2m l O Green sunfish l l l " Fi $r r w l U y ~k' H Pumpkinseed i Ed O Bluegill l D[ 2,H "E. Spotted bass H $O $ Smallmouth bass l 2 0 lH qE >T Largemouth bass I l py 2 White crappie l W Black crapple q [ T O Johnny datter l y Yellow perch 'l Logperch' Sauger l l Walleye l Preshwater drum H I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL E.4VIRONMENTAL REPORT I (Hall et al.1978), light intensity (Sullivan and Fisher 1953; Reynolds et al.1977), day length (Roberts 1964; Hokanson 1977), dissolved oxygen supply (Meldrim et al., I unpublished data, as cited by Gif t 1977), metal ion concentrations (Kleerekoper et al.1973), nutritional status (Javid and Anderson 1967; Ulvestad and Zar 1977), feetiing activity (Brett 1952), bacterial infections (Reynolds et al.1976), and inter-and intraspecific social interactions (Bacon et al. 1967; Beitinger and Magnuson 1975) can af fect the ultimate response and survive.1 of a fish in a thermal gradient. B. Field Survey I Fishes collected in the BVPS and Shippingport discharge areas (Figure TS-3) on September 23, 1981 are presented in Table TS-10. Two snapping turtles were also collected in the gilt net set in the Shippingport discharge. The discharge temperature during these collections was approxi:nately 25 C. On October 5, 1981, a 10 minute gill net set approximately 100 meters downstream of the BVPS I discharge yielded two longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus). These may hc.ve been in the vicinity of the discharge area either seeking their preferred temperature or an abundance of forage fish attracted to the warmer water. Comparison of catch from the river transects sampled in 1981 (Table TS-II; Figure TS-1) with that from t:,e discharge collections (Table TS-10) showed no unusual differences in species composition. While catch per unit effort of the electro-fishing was much higher at river stations than in the discharges on September 23, many site specific factors could have decreased the efficiency of the discharge collections. The strong current experienced in the discharge was not conducive to I successful electrofishing. Many fish were swept past the boat before they could be netted. Increased turbulence in the discharge also resulted in increased turbidity making it dif ficult to see stunned fish. I I I I n I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I TABLE TS-10 FISH COLLECTED DURING A SPECIAL THERMAL STUDY AT THE DISCHARGES OF THE BEAVER VALEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER I STATIONS, SEPTEMBER 23, 1981 I SPECIES BEAVEP VALLEY SHIPPINGPORT Gill Net Elec trofishing Gill Net Electrofishing Gizzard shad 0 4 0 1 Carp 1 1 1 2 Emerald shiner 0 3 0 0 Sand shiner 0 0 0 1 Channel catfish 2 0 0 0 I Banded killifish 0 1 0 0 Bluegill 0 0 0 1 Smallmouth bass 0 0 0 1 Largemouth bass 0 4 0 1 TOTAL 3 13 1 7 I I I I I I I 33 I M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

TABLE TS-11 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NET (G), ELECTROFISHING (E) AND HINNOW TRAP (H)

AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1981 BVPS T

O m

2 Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 Grand Total Annual O TAXA G E H G E H G E H C E H G E H Total Cizzard shad 4 30 31 1 25 1 90 9i Northern pike 1 1 1 Garp 3 21 2 5 3 7 3 12 11 45 56 Golden shiner 1 1 1 G Emerald shiner 202 40 201 14 305 86 148 119 856 259 1115 oo {O spotfin shiner 1 1 2 8 1 3 10 13 Sand shiner 31 10 26 3 5 2 10 72 15 87 2 Himic shiner 4 10 1 1 2 17 1 18 2 C Bluntnose minnow 24 2 17 1 4 1 45 4 49 Quillback 1 1 1 e m Northern hog sucker 2 1 3 3 my Silver redhorse 1 1 1 2m Golden redhorse 2 1 3 3 5r U Shorthead redhorse 1 2 2 N3 kedhorse sp. 1 I 1 Z Brown bullhead 1 1 1 ggh Channel catfish 2 1 2 2 2 9 2 15 15 5 15 35 White bass 1 1 1 qg Hock bass 2 2 2 >T Green sunfish 1 1 1 1 2 I> Pumpkinseed 1 1 1 Blue gi ll 2 3 5 5 T Smallmouth base 4 11 15 30 30 O N Spotted bass 2 1 1 1 1 4 5 g Largemouth bass 3 3 3 Sunfish sp. 1 I 1 Yellow perch 1 1 1 1 2 Logperch 3 3 3 Souger 1 1 1 3 5 1 6 Walleye 1 3 4 4 Freshwater drtas 3 3 3 Total 7 300 52 6 314 19 7 377 98 26 205 135 46 1196 304 1546 l l l l m- I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I CONCLUSIONS The benthic survey indicates tnat the BVP3 thermal discnarge imposes little acute impact on the aquatic macroinvertebrate community. Differences in taxa composition and densities can be attributed to physical con 6tions known to influence macroinvertebrate distributions (e.g. substrate type, water currents, etc.). Data indicate most (54%) of the fishes inhabiting the vicinity of BVPS should be I considered vulnerable to temperatures exceeding MDT. However, the small volume of discharge from BVPS compared to river flow should result in a very small area of potential harm. In addition, the mobility of fishes and their ability to sense and avoid regions of unfavorable temperatures should result in little or no acute effects due to thermal shock caused by exceeding MDT. I I I I I I I I I I 35 I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY I 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT GLOSSARY OF THERMAL TEliMINOLOGY Acclimation Temperature (acc): The average temperature which an organism has inhabited recently been exposed for a period of time sufficient to allow its physiological processes to equilibrate to it. Critical Thermal Maximum (CTM): Arithmetic mean of the collective thermal points at which locomotory activity becomes disorganized and the animal loses the ability to escape (Precht et al.1973). Final Tempc ature Preference (FTP): That temperature towards which I a fish will gravitate given sufficient time regardless of previous thermal history (Fry 1947). Temperature Preference (TP): The mean temperature a fish acclimated to a particular temperature will I select when placed in a wide ranging thermal gradient. Upper Avoidance Temperature (UAT): The upper thermal boundary beyond which an organism will not voluntarily occupy. Upper Lethal Temperature (LT50): The highest temperature lethal to fif ty percent of the specimens exposed for a given length of time (usually I 7 days) at a given acclimation temperature. Upper Ultimate incipient Lethal The highest temperature lethal to Temperature (ULT 50): fif ty percent of the specimens exposed for 7 days regardless of acclimation temperature (Fry et al.1942). I 36 I E APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY E 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I REFERENCES I Aston, R. 3.1973. Field and experimental studies on the effects of a power statien ef fluent on Tubificidae (Oligochaeta: Annelida). Hydrobrologia 42(2):225-242. Aston, R. 3. and D. 3. A. Brown. 1975. Local and seasonal variations in I populations of the leech, Erpobdella octoculata (L.) in a pollt.ted river warmed by condenser effluents. Hydrobiologia 47:347-366. I Bacon, E. J., Jr., W. H. Neill, Jr., and R. V. Kilambi. 1967. Temperature selection and heat resistance of the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis. Proc. Annu. Conf. S. E. Assoc. Game Fish Comm. 21:411-416. Barans, C. A. and R. A. Tubb.1973. Temperatures selected seasonally by four fishes f rom western Lake Erie. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 30:1697-1703. Beitinger, T. L. and 3. 3. Magnuson.1975. Influence of social rank and size on thermoselection behavior of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 32:2133-2136. Beitinger, T. L., 3.3. Magnuson, W. H. Neill, and W. R. Shaffer.1975. Behavioral thermoregulation and activity patterns in the green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus. Anim. Behav. 23:222-229. Bonin, 3. D. 1979. Temperature tolerance of juvenile muskellunge reared under hatchery conditions. N.Y. Fish and Game Jour. 26(1):95-97. Bonin, 3. D. and 3. R. Spotila.1978. Temperature tolerance of larval muskellunge (Esox masquinongy Mitchill) and F, hybrids reared under hatchery conditions. l Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 59A:245-248. Brett, 3. R. 1944. Some lethal temperature relations of Algonquin Park fishes. Univ. Toronto Stud., Biol. Ser. No. 52, Publ. Ont. Fish. Res. Lab. 63:1-59. i l Brett, 3. R. 1952. Temperature tolerance in young Pacific salmon, genus l Oncorhynchus. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 9:265-323. Brinkhurst R. O. and D. G. Cook. 1974. Aquatic Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta).

p. 143-156. In Pollution Ecology of Freshwater Invertebratea l

Academic Press 389 p. I Brown, H. W. 1974. Handbook of the effects of temperature m some North American fishes. American Electric Power Service Corporation, Canton, Ohio. $24 pp. l Casselman, 3. M.1978. Effects of environmental factors on growth, survival, activity, and exploitation of northern pike. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ.11:114-128. I I 37 I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Cherry, D. S., K. L. Dickson, and J. Cairns, Jr.1975. Temperatures selectd and avoided by fish at various acclimation temperatures. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 32:435-491. Cherry, D. S., K. L. Dickson, 3. Cairns, Jr., and 3. R. Stauffer.1977. Preferred, avoided, and lethal temperatures of fish during rising temperature conditions. I Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 34(2):239-246. Cossins, A. R., J. 3. Friedlander, and C. L. Prosser.1977. Correlations between behavioral temperature adaptations of goldfish and the viscosity and fatty acid composition of their synaptic membranes. Jour. Comp. Physiol. 120:109-121. Coutant, C. C. 1977. Compilation of temperature preference data. Pages 739-745 I s Temperature preference studies in environmental impact assessments: An overview with procedural recommendation. F. P. Richards, W. W. Reynolds, and R. W. McCauley (eds.) Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 34(5):728-761. Coutant, C. C. and S. S. Talmage.1977. Thermal effects. Jour. Water Poll. Cont. Fed. 49(6):1369-1425. Cravens, J. B.1981. Thermal effects. Jour. Water Poll. Conf. Fed. 53(6):949-865. Crawshaw, L. I.1975. Attainment of the final thermal preferendum in brown I bullheads accliminated to different temperatures. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 52A:171-173. I Curry, L. L. 1965. A survey of environmental requirements for the midge pp.127-143 In Biological Problems in Water Pollution. 424 p. Cyancara, V. A., S. F. Stieber, and B. A. Cvancara.1977. Summer temperature I tolerance of selected species of Mississippi River acclimated young of the year fishes. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 56A(1):81-85. I Davies, R. W. and T. B. Reynoldson. 1976. A comparison of life cycle of Helobdella stagnalis (Linn.1758) in two different geographical areas in Canada.

3. Animal Ecology 45:457-470.

Dendy, 3. S.1945. Predicting depth distribution of fish in three TVA storage-type reservoirs. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 73:65-71. Franklin, D. R. and L. L. Smith, Jr.1963. Early life history of the northern pike, Esox lucius L., with special reference to the factors influencing the numerical strength of year classes. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 92(2):91-110. Fry, F.E.3. 1937. The summer migration of the cisco, Leucichthys artedi (LeSueur), in Lake Nipissing, Ontario. Univ. Toronto Stud., Biol. Ser. No. 44., Publ. Ontario Fish. Res. Lab. No. 55:1-91. I I I 38 I E APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMFANY 5 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REi ORT Fry, F.E.J. 1947. Effects of the environment on animal activity Univ. Toronto Stud. Biol. Ser. 55, Publ. Ont. Fish. Res. Lab. 68:1-62. Fry, F.E.J., J. R. Brett, and C. H. Clawson.1942. Lethal limits of temperature for young goldfish. Rev. Can. Biol.1:50-56. Gammon, J. R.1973. The effect of thermal inputs on the populations of fish and macroinvertebrates in the Wabash River. Tech. Rept. No. 32. Purdue Univ. Water Resources Research Center, West Lafayette, Indiana.106 pp. Garside, E. T. and G. C. Morrison.1977. Thermal preferences of mummichogs Fundulus heteroclitus L., and banded killifish F. diaphanus (Lesueur), (Cyprinodontidae) in relation to thermal acclimation and salinity. Can. J. Zool. I 55:1190-1194. Gaufin, A. R. and S. Hern. 1971. Laboratory studies on tolerance of aquat'c insects to heated waters. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 44:240-245. Gif t, J. J.1977. Application of temperature preference studies to environmental impact assessment. Pages 746-749t} F. P. Richards, W. W. Reynolds, and R. W. I' McCauley (eds). Temperature preference studies in environmental impact assessments: An overview with procedural recommendations. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 34:728-761. Gillet, C., R. Billard, and Bernard Breton.1977. Effects de la temperature sur le taux de gonadotropine plasmatique et al spermatogenese du poisson rouge Carassius auratus. Can. J. Zool. 55(1):242-245. Grcgg, B. 1974. The effects of chlorine and heat on selected stream invertebrates. Ph.D. diss. Va. Polytech. Inst. State Univ., Blacksburg, Virginia. 303 pp. Hall, L. W., C. H. Hocutt, and J. R. Stauf fer, Jr.1973. Implication of geographic location on temperature preference of white perch, Morone americana. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 35:1464-1468. Hallam, J. C.1958. Habitat and associated f auna of four species of fish in Cntario streams. Unpublished manuscript. Hart, J. S. 1947. Lethal temperature relations of certain fish of the Toronto region. Trans. Royal Soc. Can. 41:57-71. Hart, J. S.1952. Geographic variations of some physiological and morphological characters in certain freshwater f;s5 Univ. Toronto Stud. Biol. Ser. No. 60, I Ont. Fish. Res. Lab. Publ. 72:1-79. Hile, R. and C. Juday.1941 Bathymetric distribution of fish in lakes of the I northeastern highlands, Wisconsin. Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. Arts, Sci. and Lett. 33:147-137. I I I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMP ANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I

Hokanson, K.E.F.

1977. Temperature requirements of some percids and adaptations to the seasonal temperature cycle. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 34:1524-1550. Hokamon, K. E.F., J. H. McCormick, and B. R. Jones. 1973. Temperature rements for embryos and larvae of the northern pike, Esox lucius t I (Linnaeus). Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 102(1):89-100. Horak, O. L. and H. A. Tanner.1964. The use of vertical gill nets in studying fish I depth distribution, Horsetooth Reservoir, Colorado. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 93:137-145. Hynes, H. B. N. 1970. The Ecology of Running Water. University of Toronto I Press. 555 pp. Jackson, M. F. and 3. L. Price. 1949. The preferred temperature of a sample of I yearling Esox masquinongy. Manuscript in Ontario Fish. Res. Lab. Library, Toronto. 4 pp. I Javid, M. Y. and 3. M. Anderson. 1967. Influence of starvation on selected temperature of some salmonids. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 24:1515-1519. Kleerekoper, H., 3. B. Waxman, and 3. Matis.1973. Interaction of temperature and I copper ions as orienting stimuli in the locomotor behavior of the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 30:725-728. Kowalski, K. T.,3. P. Schubauer, C. L. Scott, and J. R. Spotila.1978. Interspecific and seasonal differences in the temperature tolerance of stream fish. 3. Thermal Biology 3:105-108. Kwain, W. and R. W. McCauley.1978. Eff ects of age and overhead illumir.ation on temperatures preferred by underyearling rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, in a vertical temperature gradient. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 35(11):1430-1433. Langford, T. E. 1975. The emergence of insects from a British river, svarmed by power station cooling-water. Part II. The emergence patterns of some species of Ephemnoptera, Trichoptera and Meguloptera in relation to water l I temperature and riverflow, upstream and downstream of the cooling-water outfalls. Hydrobiologia 47:91-133. Lehmkuhl, D. M. 1979. Environmental disturbance and life histories: principles and examples. 3. Fish Res. Board Can. 36:329-334. I Melisky, E. L.1980. Temperature criteria for three important representative fish I species of the Middle Atlantic Region. M.S. Thesis. Frostburg State College. I Frostburg, Maryland.143 pp. Melisky, E. L., 3. R. Stauf f er, Jr., and C. H. Hocutt. 1980. Temperature preference of banded killifish, Fundulus diaphanus, trom southwestern Pennsylvania. Copeia 1930 (2):346-343. 40 I APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Nebeker A. V. and A. E. Lemke. 1963. Preliminary studies on the tolerance of aquatic insects to heated waters. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 41:413-418. Neill, W. H.1971. Distributional ecology and behavioral thermoregulation of fishes in relation to heated effluent from a steam-electric power plant (Lake Monona, Wisconsin). Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Wisconsin, Wis. 203 pp. Neill, W. H. and J. J. Magnuson.1974. Distributional ecology and behavioral thermoregulatica of fishes in relation to heated effluent f rom a power plant at I Lake Monona, Wisconsin. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 103:663-710. Peterson, R. H. and J. L. Metcalfe.1979. Responses of Atlantic salmon alevins to temperature gradients. Can. J. Zool. 57(7):1424-1430. Pitt, T. K., E. T. Garside, and R. L. Hepburn. 1956. Temperature selection of the carp (Cyprinus carpio Linn.). Can. J. Zool. 34:555-557. Precht, H., J. Christophersen, H. Hersel, and W. Larcher.1973. Temperature and life. Springer-Verlag. New York. 779 pp. Reutter, J. M. and C. E. Herdendorf. 1976. Thermal discharge from a nuclear power plant: Predicted effects on Lake Erie fish. Ohio J. Sci. 76(1):39-45. Reynolds, W. W. 1977. Temperature as a proximate factor in orientation behavior. Pages 734-739. !_n Temperature preference studies in environmental impact assessments: An overview with procedural recommendations. F. E'. Richards, W. W. Reynolds, and R. W. McCauley (eds). Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 34:728-761. Reynolds, W. W. and M. E. Casterlin.1976. Thermal preferenda and behavioral I thermoregulation in three centrarchid fishes. Pages 135-190. 13 G. W. Esch and R. W. McFarlane (eds). Thermal Ecology II: Proc. Symp held at Augusta, Georgia, 2-3 April 1975. EROA Symp. Ser., CONF-750425, Nati. Tech. Inf. Serv., Springfield, Virginia. Reynolds, W. W. and M. E. Casterlin. 1977. Temperature preferences of four fish l l species in an electronic thermoregulatory shuttlebox. Prog. Fish-Culturist. l 5 39(3):123-125. g Reynolds, W. W. and M. F. Casterlin.1973. Ontogenetic change in preferred I temperature and diet activity of the yellow bullhead, Ictalurus natalis. Comp. l Biochem. Physiol. 39A (4):409-411. l l l Reynolds, W. W. and M. E. Casterlin. 1979. Thermoregulatory rhythm in juvenile a muskellunge (Esox masquinongy): Evidence of a diel shif t in the lower set-point. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 63 A:!23-525. Reynvids, W. W., M. E. Casterlin, and J. B. Covert. 1976. Behavioral fever in teleost fishes. Nature 259:41-42. I l l 41 l APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT I Reynolds, W. W., D. A. Thomson, and M. E. Casterlin.1977. Responses of young California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, to gradients of temperature and light. Copeia 1977:144-149. Richards, F. P. and R. M. Ibara.1978. The preferred temperature of the brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus, with reference to its orientation to the discharge I canal of a nuclear power plant. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 107(2):288-294. Robbins, T. W. and D. Mathur.1974. Preoperational report on the ecology of I Conowingo Pond for Units No. 2 and 3. Ichthyological Associates, Inc. (March 1974). Roberts, J. L. 1964. Metabolic responses of freshwater sunfish to seasonal photoperiods and temperatures. Helog.Wiss. Meeresuntersuch 9:459-473. Robins, C. R., R. M. Bailey, C. E. Bond, J. R. Brooker, E. A. Lachner, R. N. Lea, I and W. B. Scott. 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada (Fourth edition). Amer. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. No.12:1-174. Rombough, P. 3. and E. T. Garside 1977. Hypoxial death inferred from thermally induced injuries at upper lethal temperatures, in the banded killifish, Fundulus diaphanus (Lesueur). Can. 3. Zool. 35:1705-1719. Sawyer, R. T. 1974. Leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) p. 81-142. M Pollution Ecology of Freshwater Invertebrates. Academic Press. 389 pp. Scott, D. P.1964. Thermal resistance of pike (Esox lucius L.), muskellunge (E. masquinongy Mitchill), and their F hybrid. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada g 21:1043-1049. Sherberger, F. F., E. F. Benfield, K. L. Dickson, and J. Cairns, Jr. 1977. Effects of thermal shocks on drif ting aquatic insects: a laboratory simulation. 3. Fish Res. Board Can. 34:529-536. Smith, L. L. 3r. and W. M. Koenst.1975. Temperature effects on eggs and fry of percold fishes. EPA-660/3-75-017. Corvallis, Oregon. 91 pp. Smith, R. E. 3r. (In Prep.) Taxonomic descriptions and selected thermal character-istics of larval silver redhorse (Moxostoma anisurum (Rafinesque)) and larval I golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum (P.afinesque)). M.S. Thesis. Frostburg State College. Frostburg, Maryland. Stauf f er, 3. R. 3r., K. L. Dickson, J. Cairns, Jr., and D. S. Cherry.1976. The potential and realized influences of temperature on the distribution of fishes in i the New River, Glen Lyn, Virginia. Wildlife Monographs No. 30:1-40. Sulhvan, C. H. and K. C. Fisher.1953. Seasonal fluctuations in the selected temperature of speckled trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 10:187-195. 42 APPENDIX DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1981 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT Talmage, S. S., and C. C. Coutant.1978. Thermal eff ects. Jour. Water Poll. Conf. Fed. 50(6):1515-1552. Talmage, S. S., and C. C. Coutant.1979. Thermal effects. Jour. Water Poll. Conf. Fed. 51(6):1517-1554. Talmage, S. S., and C. C. Coutant.1980. Thermal ef fects. Jour. Water Poll. Conf. Fed. 32(6):1575-1616. Tschortner, U.1956. Untersuchungen uber den Einfluss einiger Milieufaktoren auf die Entwicklung des Hechtes (Esox lucius L.). Arch. f. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 24(1):123-152. Ulvestad D. A. and J. H. Zar. 1977. Preferred temperature of the common shiner, Notropis cornutus,in relation to age, size, season, and nutritional state. Ohio 3. Sci. 77(4):170-173. Wells, L.1968. Seasonal depth distribution of fish in southeastern Lake Michigan. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Fish. Bull. 67:1-15. W hitford, W. G.1970. The effect of water quality and environmental factors on f reshwater fish. NTIS PB-197676; Water Res. Abst. No. W 71-O'4677(1971). W renn, T. B. and T. D. Forsythe. 1978. Eff ects of temperature on production and yield of juvenile walleyes in experimental ecosystems. Amer. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 11:66-73. I I I 4> I --}}

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