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Gamma Radiation Damage & Decontamination Evaluation of Protective Coatings & Other Matls for Hot Lab & Fuel Processing Facilities
	ML20041E187
Person / Time
Site:	La Crosse File:Dairyland Power Cooperative icon.png
Issue date:	02/28/1965
From:	Watson C, West G; OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
To:	; US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC)
Shared Package
ML20041E180	List: ML20041E179; ML20041E187;
References
	ORNL-3589, TID-4500, UC-40, NUDOCS 8203100230
	Download: ML20041E187 (49)
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NY~ %A IIAll ynyy ?;X ORNL-3589 ~ UC Radiation Effects on Materials TID-4500 (36th ed.) GAMMA RADIATION DAMAGE AND / DECONTAMINATION EVALUATION OF PROTECTIVE COATINGS AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR HOT LABORATORY AND ~ FUEL PROCESSING FACILITIES G. A. West C. D. Watson __ Sg1 TON 4g 9 O } 9 2 f

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e -T ;," 9 a y,q.- r. y.f e.-< p;i;.. CA)MA RADIATION DAMAGE AND DECONTAMINATION EVALDATION OF PROTECTIVE .. ~ ~f *E i-l COATINGS AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR IDT LABORATORY AND g e -St ' FUEL PROCESSING FACILITIES s i;6.. 4 ( C. A. West M ^[, C. D. Watson y -

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~ .. s.;.c:. h,. Mf lhis. re' port piesentsNadiation' and decontsmination. resistance, data on ~ / f /. n.:. ...~ ., s >. h... w .w - ~ 1 . ; ~.,. +. various industrial materials tested on a" laboratory scale to aid,in the, ~

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.c ..a - - e - selection ',of, materla1Pfor' the'. construction and maintenance. of 'radiochemic ~ g _.3y.. : : 4. ., y ;.,. , ;.;, x.;_.1 e . n. v.- y; v: r,.... >-.; n. . m .:, ;9..,

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', g/- 7 ' . col laboratiories'.at Oak Ridge' National Laboratory. : .: (.. .,,\\,, . g.. .i... =p, :p ;P, .#,. M These materials.wcre acquired (1).by accepting sa'mples from some ven-W* , ;.., L... e.. %c dors isho solicited Oak Ridge National-Laboratory, 'and (d) bh 'a non-exhaustive s.. ' scanning of industrial publications and inquiring of.those vendors whose

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~ products appeared to be of interest. Ae limited scope.of the. testing pro- - v. r G .s i. ~ ~ gram did not justify ascertaining and contacting alf p'ossible. sources of acceptab.le materials. Doubtless there are many useful materials which were no't tested. Accordingly, this' report does not pre'sent' a comp'rchensive com-e parison of all materials.in the general groups tested. ^

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to cn'dorse or condemo ~ 3 'It is.not the purpose or intent of this report any of the products so. tested or to implicate in any'way a manufacturer. ~. or distributor of such products, but rather to present da.ta compiled during the' course of laboratory operations which inay-be of interest to others _r ' ~ i wor [kingonsimilarproblems.'. ..-...n.-_.- Materialsthat'pparentlyexyibitedpoor.radiationanddecontamination a ~ resistance properties in.these tests need.not be considered itiferior prod- .,, h.. a ucts,;because slight variations according % :oirpsition (such as t!.e nature or content of plasticixera, t h % .11ers, pir,ments, etc. ) may . ~ affect decontamination anil corrosion 1,es'istuner properties quite drantien11y. Although a detailed study of varyEng composition was not inade,. it was fairly r:. evident. that in all: probability a poorly rated product' coul'd casily b~c made to, test higher by a slight ch'an~ge in raw materials or processam procedure. i' 4g .ve. t - g N-,-' n

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^ ^ ,.A. :f ',....'i ~-..* ..?"- 1, u fe,w products:may have. received incorrect ratin88t,i. t., r.t' u. .v .a i 'The authors believe, however,'that this report presents data adequate ~ for empirical ~ purposes and that it contributes heretofore -unpu1II'iiihed fiata-1 that may be of genera 1 ' interest to users of iadioactive isotopes in the c selection of materials for radiochemical facilities. -q e-The tes'ts presented herein fulfill Oak Ridge National Laboiatory's 'imediate needs, and an extension of this test program is not planned. , e 4 e 9 .a ) e e e

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.e, 4 t - Abstract,-..

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.3.~ Test' Con g;,. .i ditions'for,the Protective Coatings. ~.~..'.-' ". , 17 y,./.h. .'t ...t. l 2.., s..g . {- 3 1. Radiation Damage.... .... 2.E. '. 3 . ~. . 4... 7 ~. 2.. q.9.

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. ~...q-.. 3 2 Tests to Dete'mine Ease of Decontaminatio~n.. '.. 2. '.. r 9 i . ~..?. h. Evaluation of, the'Protectiv'e Coatings after Exposure to Camma .s Radiation and. tohtlic, Contamination-Decoptaminatiori Sequence. 10 ' h..1 -f Rankings According to Resistance to 'Gansna Radiation. :.. 10 I s. \\ Rankings Accord'ing to Ease of Decontamination... h.2 12

h. 3 Remar'ks, 'abou t the Effects of Gamma Radiation en 1

t g y Hiscellaneous Materials. 15 Reconnenda tions. 29 6. Acknowledgement. ............-.....u 31 7 Appendix... v...... ;......,,,31 71 Radiation Intensity or Dose Rate. 31 - l Re ferences ..1..... 32 ? Reading Li'st... - 34 9 O Y . r-g l = .e s dis -. .I

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( COATINGS AND OTHER MATERIALS FOR IDT LABORA'lVRY AND "'* FUEL Piq0 CESSING FACILITIES. + 7 .w.- e v.-- *..;. 1, .e ..g i q, ' G. A.:Westc* -,, C. D. Watson, * . a. L n 2y. ;-f l. > y3. :. y r.+ ~ ~ - .. :. y = ~,. l p;p% f. .0 ~. y a. . +i. - + Y:. ABSTRACT *- - + ' ' ' ' .-. r. ~~ c.,. 3 c. y. Y. -o .l .,~,,c . y; .;; Protective coatings:and other' plastic materials.were eval ~ uated by irradiation in,a gamma source an.d by decontamination' test's as an extension of previous tests'and for possible'use 'in ~

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hot laborato' ries and fuel p'rocessing f acilities and.other process. .+ - environs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Materials used 2nay -[ be subjected to gamma exposures of 10.to 10 r/hrand"nestron'fz'. 4 5 i - exposures,of4.2 x'10 'to 2.1 x 105' neutrons /cm2/sec... 4 Epoxy, modified phenolic and inorganic tihe protective. coat, ings,were superior to the other generic, types tested in radiation, ' environments.. Exposure to radiation in the presence of water-, decreases the serviceable life of organic coatings about 50%. i .For example, the best coating, epoxy, was found to be serviceable in water exposure up' to.about 5 x 10" r and iii air, surprisingly,. 10 Vinyls'and glossy epoxies were superior to

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[ the other coatings in decontaminability. l . Among a' group of miscellaneous material teste'd, a non-metallic plastic heat transfer compound was. unaffected at' 1 x 10 10 r exposure.in air. g 1.. l 5' '~~ ' -_. !._._ _ _. C._..,_.._., 1.... INTRODUCTION-Protective coatings are used extensively on the structural and working ~ w su f aces of radiochemical processing facilities 'to protec.t ' substrate mate-rials and.to aid in decontamination. New facilities where.high radiation and rare radionuclides wlli he produced prompted another Investir,ation in the sear'ch for' acceptabic. protective coatings. The investigat. ion,'an exten-sion of previous tests, was made primarily to evaluate protective coatings 8 O. { -I ..,p. 3 ~ ~ e b S

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,. jh - s Ridge National' Laboratory' in cabic, es,' transfer area, a. l t ., e. by coat- ~ . *Ihe most. severe exposure will be' incurred i.- general service areas. l , ings on the concrete -surface 5:of. the, cubicles, wher .i. trons) and periodip submer. x -c 2 ' to high radiet on (alpha, beta, gamma, and neu + m ~ i d leve1 of gamma radilttion is.from ~ ^ gence in deionized water. 'The anticipate.. 4 c

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S to 21' ic TO r/hr and a neutron exposuri of h.2 x 10 8 from' heavy 10 to 10 4 Some of the coatings must also' withstand abrasion em/sec. 2 ' wheeled car's, etc. and'the ' attack of cleaning reagents. - t sted for service f t Other plastic mateYials' (not coatings) were also. e development studied are in hot-cell areas where th'e experimental process ~ conducted. . btained for testing Protective coatings and the other materials were o l (steel or1 coricrete blocks, coated f and evaluation by ' accepting test' specimens ) from various' manu- .l t by th'c m.anuf acturer,' blocks or sheets of plastic, e c. r se of business. l facturers who contact the Laboratory in the normal cour i s invited by letter-

Many additional specimens were submitted by compa

_ to participate in the program. .u. ' perimental ones as well, which not only their standard formulations but exknowledge'and e .would allow their own particular t-car on the coating problent. tests in deionized Fif ty-seven coatings were submitted for radiation The 12 protective coatinn manufacturers water and. 62 for tests in air. f their products, which they l participating 15 the test submitted snmp es o applied on 16-gauge steel, . i recommended for the proposed service condit ons, 2 x 2 x 6 in. - -2 x 6 in., and 'on concrete panels, } I -N-- --mmw

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t,, ~ ,,.. n..- '.y ,,;;j,; e_,, y~-. ,, c. s - ~;., s. ,,e..., .. 3_ ~ w_ .. f,c r[j - - I-P, 4 ,..,. N '.,, .#" ?) h.. [ II' g.. I r I '. 5 p -4 'The coatings were'ev'a'luated as to their comparative, resistance to. 0 .;r. -l. .a. s igamma radiation..All coatingsfand some ' materials were. tested for anse of'- ..~~, [, [.de' contaminati'on. lThe radiation exposures were-conducted $'n* 'a~ cobalt'-6d, c. , ' p .. g. _ gamma source (133 Hev,' anNximum energy) at~ intensities from 0 9 to 2.08.x ~ ,L .;r...:. 4. ~, ~ t ,.W1b8~E/hrM'JenpeFaturesrangedfrom40to80*C, ,y '3 . +'}.*^ , *I The coated specimens '?; _-T t,.:,q.s [ _ [:q.y . ~. prepared by each manufacturet were placed in,the 'c'avity '(about ti It ).at;-V ' 8 i ,), y the radiation source -in both' air and deionized water 'environmene. The ~ samplei were not completely submerged in water,'so any reaction'o'r effect 1 ,at the air-water' inter. face' could be ' determined..The coatings were inspect- ^ . 7 8 -) .. ' 'ed for radiation damage ~ at various ' exposures,' ab'out 5 x 10, l 'x 10,' 2d E ,o js._8 8 8 j. i 10, 5 x 10 r, and each! additional 5 x 10 r exposure,'thereaftdr. Comparative decontamination factors '(DF's') were obtained for the ' coatings after drying a solution of-mixed fissio'n products on their surface and measuring the amount of radioactivity that remained af te'r the contaminant had.b.cen removed by a water flush'and an acid scrub. 2.

SUMMARY

o 4 a . p Protective coatings and other materials that have a high resistance to radiation 'and ' case o'f' decontamination facilitate the' operation and maintenance of hot laboratories and processing facilities. Also, prot'ective 4 decontaminable surfaces permit the quantitative recovsry of valuable iso- .i d-topes from structural surfaces should they escape from processing vessels. Epoxy, modified phenolic, polyester, vinyl and~ inorganic coatings were evaluated to obtain comparative ratings following an exposure to ionizing radiation in. air. and in deionized water and contamina' tion-decon-tamination tests. C 4 ~..

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i' '[ e... 3.._ - %. :.'. : 1 **-_ f*-... O,;.,,...._,,-.The risults '.lndicate, that. the. epoxy, group of'. coatings are more resis- ~ ~, .s 7-. gg tant to Eamna radiatio,n than' the other,.genericorganictype. tested;(Table g' - i a. '~1 ) and, ~in general,3he' vinyls are easier to decontaminate.to a tiologil 1 '- u .7... t ..,. 7,3 .:, t.c 7 73 -, - j', s .'- f, ' c, ally safe working levcit(Table 2)... ~. -, e s -. -

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.r .s , y A sumnary of.the top-rated coatings for i esistance to radiation'~,foi '. c' e . g (, .,,f-it. -, ..f;.. j.j,.,., The ex,posures' presented refer to the radiation level atijwliich 'the . lows. "... f.? ( .b, i~ , coatings were adjudged as.having failed.- ~ V .A. Irradiation in deionized water: 1. Tygoweld No.' 54-60. (epoxy, U.S. Stoneware ) atI!E.8'1 x 10' r.

2.. No. 74-66; system with.Fibergbis -(epoxy, Ainercoat Corporation)

~ s 2 - 9 at 4 78 x'10 r.~ + 3 Plasite 7155 (modified phenol'ic, Wisconsin Protective Coating __9 Company) at 4 5 x 10 r. B. Coating systems with Fiberglas fabric-embedded for structural strength, irradiated in deionized water: 1. No. 74 primer, No. 74 surfacer, No. 66 seal (epoxy, Amercoat .e-Corporation)ath.78x10'r. .i No. 66 primer, No.,66 'urfacer, No. 66 seal (epoxy, Amercoat 2. s ~ 9 Corporation) at -1.0 to 3.,6 x 10 r. 3 Coroline 5'05 2 (epoxy, 'Ceilcote Company) at 134 to 3 0 x 9 10 r. j s_ a 9 l 4. UC-9647 (epox'y, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company) at 2 33 x 10 r. 5 UC-12168 (epoxy, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company) at 1.83'to 2 33 x.10' i. s e l f .~ h d 9 .+.6

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,..-b, 6 ~ , 'Pt,Enoline'.368,* Phenolf,ne 300 fimish (modified phenolie,. ~ l -.' ' , ~ 10 r.:, 9 F m Carboline; Company).at'.MD2to:.1.14x V-s. .t y... e 302, Phenoline'300 finish d, 9. - Phenoline '300 $s~uf facer, Phenoline. :: -,.. s ^ a,_ 7

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'2.# Nb 66-66 system with F'iberglas labri$ (epoxy, Amercoat a c r Corporation). t .t Phenoline 368 system (modified phenolic, Carbo'line Company'). ~ 3 h.. Colma Protective Coating (epoxy, Sika Chemic'al Company).. s.. _ ~ i. No. 5680 over Dimetcote No. 3 (inorganic, Amercoat Corpora- *, 5 i l tion). T,,, i The vinyl coatings tested were surprisingly resistant to gamma t D. [ r; their resistance in deionized water 9 radiationinag:,2.2to6.6x10 l The titree best hinyl coatings tested-in 8 .yanged from 1.0 to 8.T9 x 10 r. 4 deionized water vere: 8 '1. Seri'es A '(David E. Long Corporation) at 8.T9 x 10 r. '~ ^ ^ ~ '2. 'No. 86 primer, No. 99 seal or No. 99 scal semigloss (Amercoat ~ B r.' ' . Corporation) at 6 9 x 10 0 j ",jp. No. 86 primer, No. *33 HB (Amercoat Corporation') at 6.6.x 10 r. 3 i in air were: .,v, The four vinyls exlyllil, ting the best resistance E. Corporat.lon) e-No. 86 primer, No'. p') seul semiglosn (Awrcoat 1 a't 6.6 x 10' r. O,~ e k., ( [ '

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Series A (David.E. Long Corporation)' at 4.28 x 10. r. c'- 9 j,,, -l _ Decontaminability. measurements of. the~ four best decontamin'able coatings ^' )., ' ].,,... .: a :. , = -;p ~ (. y , 1,. d-, , show that.three are vinyls and one an epoxy, as follows: 4.. ~ ~ ' ~ Tot'al DF _ _ ~ Coating System .9'.3 x 103 ~ 1. ' R0-221 primer, TP-216 scal.with a si1icone release .r-agent (vinyl, U.S. Stoneware Conpany).. ;- 3 2. 6 3 x 10 No. 66 primer, No.- 66 seal gloss (epoxy, Amercoat Corporation). ..m. 3. 4'.5 x 10 Nukemite-40 (vinyl, Amercoat Corporation). 3 3 4., 3 6'x 10 Rustbond 6C primer, polyclad 933-1,cpolyclad 1200-20 . (vinyl, Carboline Company'). The protective coatings were evaluated by ' visual observation, physical comparison,' and: measurement by instruments before and -af ter ;the. radiation.- . Some general observations' follow: decontamina' tion' tests. 'Ihe polyamid cured epoxy coatings were more-resistant to radiat' ion .7..u -...-.: than the other organic coatings when immer.=cd in deionized water. However,- th.is ultimat resistance depends on the type and amount of. fillers, addi- .ur r tives,. antioxidants and the curi'ng conditions. In general, all coatings tested are Icss af fected by radiation when exposed in air.than when imersed in deionized water. - ~ . If a coating is reinforced'with.Fiberglas fabric, it is generally more res'istant to radiation in water exposure and retiains its resistance q ..Ak4 1 ? . ~.- waa n. mom. wer.+.. sa,rauaM&7_ _ ___ .-...n

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y.: ' '

e useful life ] of a :oatin' g '. ..On the other handj a disperEtonlof chopped F = c irradiated in gir. to-improv,e;,,it -coating's r'e i ,..?,: 3,.. z ibe ~ \\.;.

- POMr**'

- s stance to gama ~ radiation in*. ;..j,rglas \\. ? , 7,... .t + ,T. l :,h, , )

K.. ~,

either water or air v:? .1 Jhe.i:oa ting's colo}r.. ~, " n.j,Q. _. " ;. ' l' does.._n not affect its resis.. :.~. Lighi color's are. usefuSfor li h - tance to r.adia;ti6n j. ' g t reflection up to about 5 x 1 . radiation. ., n.:.,. o. .4- ? . ;y.

r. gamma f

, f-Host of the vinyl coatings 'wcr } e than in previously... more resistant to radiation in ai reported tests.p ' ( r Decontamination is. accomplish d s j e and acid resistant coating, or (2) h best.on (1-) a hard, smooth '. ~ l ^ I , nonporous, ~ t J. coat that is ard, nonporous undercoats h easily removed by reagents with a seal u t + 3 TEST CONDITIONS FOR Ti1E PROTECT t i. IVE COATINGS 1 The protect.ive coatings .l applied on steel and ' concrete-by a Coco i gamma source, vnich produces were irradiated effect as neutron-producing source.y a comp'rable energy and result } a a ant The decontamination of the pr t conducted by applying a contamin o ective coatings and other materials was and attempting removal by a w tant consisting of mixe the surface roducts to . a er flush and an acid scrub j: .3 1 Radiation Damage The effect of gamma radiation t: mended by 'the manufacturer for on severni protective coatings [ recom-cello was determined. potential use in hot laboratorie The radiation tests were s and hot tops Division Cobalt-60 Stor conducted at the ORNL Iso-age Facility (Fig.1). The cobalt-60, s tored-i W' g.a g ~. O ~ _,, -_ _.. ___, - -ra i m... _ - -

v., t. r v >-

.$' f. 2s..i. Y ~ 6 >: W.' 'i 'd ,c. u w . :.. -,7 ;--- ~; .g. .: ;5 ~. ..~ ,..:;n: v sy L.:. - . +- .~a .. c.

3. - _

..s.- .,j,-n. ;-;. w 1., .e. ... 3.,,, f,., m :. ;.. m s. ,7 m,.,n,,,o,,,, ' l... i. ,( ( r. f.1p...*~ e* ..I'.. j-s' \\ 5 .2

..,N 7.p.c.

. :.y..,.p..,n. - c.co,u. e.. [ urvs. m o r . x. s y ~ ,~ , f,' 'a-. ,'N, d ,%v.esica' e.ncto".- a vna t , vaa orta mato cam== s arvics. 3 .j s .O.- ',.j/s f's '.'s., a ~ -' 7( . ~~ , p. ;.. y

g, x'.%

ecotme ann a, L -- .'8' g.,U N. e I

**' o" **j* /, y '--' m- - g

] gf7., s'. x.], .: t :.'. A, A,., y. ., r. .$.;.m 9,, .. '.f \\ .I y(,7) ' I ! _, ' , 7 h. N'~,.. p ,N,M.qgI (_ f 'j s y . s.'.. g s~. s w,m..: x ss t. j ,i1 .x

-j a

rN.. r 's \\g , 3 1 sg .K. -1 [ N. V tr.1 l b .i..f. ' *}. v ',,. .J ~. 1 s I N .hf [.4 b.f 'f i f,lE. N M.. . :..{ 2 4 )3 c.w)I... 4 1 1% P s c .l1 s. s r p l M..a. .~ t].. :- i n 1.,.. -. u,o,,,. .w i u.o s.- ,l' 4 j 1 A j '* ~> <ks. U[CM I ! I h N-i s' r ...ron,we W. I '

R k

g'. 1 I (k ,d fA

- "'"*""5 7

.l . '. f. sq .., *4..L*- L x a V l .r. 1,<rn ocouru vuors - d. il L. ; y(I . s /

e a

A ,s ...1 .m i t.. s 8 f-r ~-

f..

A,t i i,. A. y. l l t I ,, s .Af } e.. } j s c :. -,,/; -%y %..., s. .g w ,f y -coeur stoaact cans ,s.- x m . 1,0 c y. 3 t , r ?.. - .a; ~ r m

y.g

.p) ~ W g9 <.

k,.

f !r,- <. ' ~ ; \\ L *j ~K f.'[ '. ~7< a , ' i Q(~ 4 o ~ co e un s /, ,- ~ c

A.., ~ - <

a no. L'N ,y :.. ~ Fig. 1. Cobalt Storage"Carden O A 6

-' - z. -. t r-i .,;. u.y ' s, t'.i

e

' p f.'lf.. .... '. = ] -9 L. '

M: -

.p ..w ..f~ d in varying . in varying amounts, about. 73,000 -to -150,-000Jcuries, resulte ; , ~. . g- t l a,- U r/hr. 2*the. temperature s I intensities of gama radiation: Ol9 to 2.0B x iO \\ ~ . :/hr, (ganna ' ,. ~ 8 . v. The av'erage intensity.wa's 1.I x.10 t e . ranged.from 4f 0 to 80*C. ',.t, {- ~ photons 'of 1133, Mev, maximum energy).,, 4 .-t_ E - / '.'The' test.specimensivere supplied by the coating manufacturer, who .. 7..g g i _y '6 in., -}. . applied the coatings on pancis of carbon or stainlessisteel, 2!x 3 - 16 gauge, 'and on concrete, about 2 x 2 x 6. in. One end of each'conc ... ~ ~ .T ' panel was uncoated'so that :any. gas evolved could escape and would = 1 } damage the coatire bend to the concrete. l - Tests to Determine, Ease.of Decontamination g 32 t ' The decontamination test was designed to compare the various coatings l ~ 'f by first as t,o the case o'f' removing radiochemical activity from' the sur ace i l i ~ us'ing a simple water flush and then by scrubbing with an acid. solation. aq); to measure the decontaminability of a. surface l A recognized' standard-test thereforo, the' same measurement method applied in prev.ious i does.not exist; i tests was used. The following ' stepwise decontamination measurement represents the I' s decontamination to be expected for a material [after an aqueous fission f d with cold product spill has been dried on the naterial's suiface,.' rinse !.j water and then scrubbed with-cold T M (17 2%).IINO.. 3 I l. The center portion of' each specimen was contaminated with 0.100 m '1 ~. / (Table.2 ), of mixed fission product solution at 0.86 to 3 0 r br predominately Ce-Prl44, Zr-Nh95, and Ru '*, at a pil of about 5 l The solution uas allowed to evaporate to dryness. J 9 The beta-garpma activity was then recorded from readings obtained 1 '2. 'OI-by a cutie pie,- a hand held type of radiation-monitoring instrume j Theaveragecontaminationactivitywas2.kr/hr.. I J A M. M Q f'

x. i -* , y: ~. e ~ u, -,. c. .s .j ?g,ng .g, o, 2, s ,X .f..... ~ ~t, .,',, j he specimens were>then rinsed in a gentle' stream of running cold .n..: i 3 c 1-with the stream impitiging 'on the slanted a 4 , tap watpr for 2 min ~ i ,e - surface about l'in. above the contaminated spot.. j .p,.._o ' 4. ; 1he specimens, were 'then allowed to dry, and their beta-gamma- $( these activi-fa'ctivit'y agaitinkasure'd as.in step 2.. The ratio y: ,y ,. _ ; ;.f g ^ 2,. ties were recorded:ss'" Water DF".. 3 3' ~ c 1 f.. df by submerging'each speci-

5. 'The final decontamination was per orme men':in a solution of f M_ (17 2%)'HNO3 at room temperature', and then scrubbing with 25 forward and 23 back strokes of a medium-K.~

s A 1-min rinse in cold' water hard brush, with moderate pressure. followed by a third beta-gamma activity measure-and drying in aire completed the procedu're. The ratio of the initial Cutic Pic

ment, re'ading to the third is-recorded as " Total DF".

O EVALUATION OF THE PROTECTIVE' COATINGS AFTER v k. RADIATION AND ID THE CONTAMINATION-DECONTAMINATION U e <e. 4 The protej:tive coatings were evaluated af te'r the irradiation and de-The results of these evaluations made by visual ob-contamination tests. t by' instruments before and,. ~ 's'ervations physical comparison, and measuremen after the tests are presented. Rankings According to Resistance to' Gamma Radiation '/7 4.1 The polyamid cured epoxy coatings followed by'some formulations,pf in delonized mo'dified phenolies tend to hEU.c the best radiation resistance Zinc-base inorganic, for.e' ample, Dimetcote No. 3, have x water (Table 1.). equal or better radiation resistance than the epoxies but are dif ficult to Studies decontaminate and h ve limited resistance to chemical attack. d e m

'-~

' Iw, s.

_.;..( . ;.y. A .) 7 -5

~.

Y ~~ . q.'. ,y-3 J r- - - ~ _11 . ~ - '.. A ~ . c f_..,,.; ; g C 1 g.4. . showed that' tiie ' radiation' re,siistance of ~p' os ' .v

f. '.,, ? upon the composition of t.he compou z..

ecti've coatings, is depe'ndent - r _~.. ,' f111ers,; additives, an,;,._- ,.the.an'tioxidants,' d, d curing conditions.[RThe coati Fiberglas fabric. retained resista ). .~ ngs reinforted'with'

'y

i.

than;unr.. n... nc ~ .. e to impact,after radiation 'auch b' etter einforced coatings.- - <j '^,, ' ' of chopped _Fiberglas' filler wa,s'a;;Experimentalformulation[iv -?., '~ j v' - 1 ~ -~ . ~ 7,. c: spersion *' 1 _fg q.gf 4 g's rest' stance ~to gamma radiation; 'Sdded did no,t appr s v-t e coat-, I p, . effects of Tiberglas reinforcement a i ome doubtfas to 'the beneficial j.. _ ~ - ,sampics.of an unreinforced c' oating may be ob' serv dr cal radiation fie.l.d'at dissimilar 16vels e ~ to have. failed in a g ^ . of radiation.# ~ l attributed 'to (1) a difference in co ti-This variation is mainly ^ i a and[(2) the curing a'ge before irradi ti ng application (temperature and a on. curing age was For example, the effect of noted where one coating, aged 21 3 1 j 1 7 more resistant to ' radiation in d i.. - a factor of 6 months, wa's v 1 l aged only.two months. e onized water than the same type coating. The radiation exposure data report d ( 1 If 3,.- (roentgens) at which there was a notice bl Table 1) is the t6tal expo e t a The recommended upper tolerance li it e breakdown of the coating-system I ' reported. Most of the coati of exposure'would be less than that m ng failures 10' r) resulted 'from (1) deterior5ti at the higher exposures (more than 7 ~ " '2) loss onof' film [(embrittle'd.andchalked) ( of adhesion, and (3) a marked decreas Th<e most severe attack on coatings i e in res'istance to impact. water interface, where extreme chalkin deionized water occurred at the t on mos t. of 'the coating ~ '. systems

ng, crosion, and softness was evide t

. l: ., ~ ' n

1hd failures of some c t iL water were attributed to (1) the' for oatings in deionized.

i detonized water; and (2) the chemimulation's lack of resistance to the ~ 8 cal attack from the decomposition of l s *. J' /' e '~, e l

\\ .. g~. %Y. - Q ., Y., ' A A' e ", ;i. w$tcr. to hydrggtiN p. Q, 1f .:. ~. : 5:

~,

% :/. :- Y

in

~4 roxide, a'ridiolyti . v w.. Jf . water. ~ ).~ ' ' - The brea.kdown... cJ M. 1'* of co~. m.the. ionizing e.; :1 . effectiof }, t'. -l originate.' fro ' ' n, atings in, both -air. 'and -d .{;. *: .:;> c,gn=a. radiation l i chemica.. ~ ffect,of radiati n. e - on. - l.changea (c. a r..~....y '. ross linking) which . * ', powerful..'oxidizin' g '. on o . 1 n the.l.s. m y also G T. ^ occur in the urface,, fro d tributed m f.,W, agent,,:is for.1 m major to the failure -The of so. mma ' radiatio ln, 7 material.1. Ozon j med. b ~y ga '2 08 , maximum temperaturcoa tings;. ,a me ~,. ). and may hav. r/hr) sho ld not h of 80"C within th. ' T. l , ' i ~, [',' - 'r ',1 e x 10e con. e ..,c u shdified g ave e.Coeo i phenolic withstand coatings contributed to th

source'(inte

~ P to nsity of vinyls , temperatures' ofsince cliey are e lailure of epoxies 93*C.ot. gre ter in 'airecommended'by t are limited or 82*C and consequentl ~ to a r manufa turers ~ a maximum c ~ p Anercoat y may have beeservice te peratur r. cHowever,'mos vinyls m e in. of the Iong's Series A Corporation's 86 n d' amaged at 80*C air o.f from 60 y to. vinyls coating received -33HB, ~86-99, and Only four of~ the wer e tested at 40 the. higher temp38' -88, and David E.' s Initially,. mos t pto 50*C. a er ture; the'remai 7 curface rotective ning 10 as a result of coat'ings develop the d:pth of gamma disc'olo radiation. a discoloratio As'r diation cnd modified ration a n of the als phe o increas exposure incr nolics es. Jively d rken lo to turn yellow white-pigme ted e start The eases y i Eg@ht colorccus d by (1) nita brow -toast colo n 1 py be n at 1 e to 5 poxies ,at I 3108 r r to 2 x 109 and pro'res-rogen groups. In th g change r. The color on e > duces oxidatio curing agents chahges e acceler ted aging l n of the ly causing ch[micalmaterial,5. (2) r d which ca a s a a iation h.2 which changes, and (3) li Deconteminat;ioRankings Accordi 4 ng to Eas . cat effect. ~ n e of mcasurements" madDeco tamination n ict2d by A. B. Mes e on s cmical 'Technolog ervey and amples mall s of the b y Divisio, D.11. New various t n ORNL. ma, Chemical n Development i Section ?l..: w rx l,.;% ', mm r r.mrt::m.FLw l v rW j WTW7..

.$..,.~^ _ e p,.n - .g:<l a -

.;h:.y s ?F' *h: ~ x

, '. P- ~13 - A g 3 h.. ../.. ( , protec tive;. .c, p-w', .'? = ^

c

~ . ' ' ~ ~1 W . copting systemd, and, floor and bench-top co ,w h... g yparison 'o_ f the.sase 'o.. .'..gl- . q .._; - ' 'q - verings, gave a com- '.. :l ? ? finish- ~ f each'~ materia ~1 (T blf deco -, g. v y . q, x.,~ o n generic' types _ and ..c, a of 0.86..to 3 0 r/h'r wa's" dried on the 2). 'A solution o'f mix .s. }.) ~ . )... ~ o ucts i -. ~. ~ taminability measu, rem ~en. e surface 'of each-material tested a' d .0 < ', - decon... l _.., i ts~ made;Ay flushing the con? - . r,:. :. + '., n 7 e y{, - ' ' cold waterisind scru.. .9* ta' min. bbingitwith3$,20_f., ated, spot with' .. 3 solutioiran_ d cou,n. t. ', ^ j ' l". activity.-. tingithe res.idual ' ~R ~ I

De' radiation level -of the s.

was a factkriE '1 to 3 5 x 10 contaminanti '(mixed fission products) ~ 3 used b average of 2.lp r/hr vs about 3 000 lower than tihat used in prev i 1(an ests r/hr). I l . factors achievabic are lower Therefore,", the decontamination , arid the values obtained' directly with other results ~., 6 t should not.be' compa' red R A 3 0 r/hr contaminant. reduced tThe maximum DF + about 3 x.104, o 0.001 r/hr. indicates l, The~ decontamination factors vari 'd a DF. of 3 3 x 104 ~ j, e on ideqtical, coating systems i probably ref1ccting the in the cure and finish of the scare *with which the samples 'were l epared, such as. J ept coat. Carboline Company's "No. 300 fi i h"Four test specimens with the ns 2 10, 2.8 x 10, and 2.T x 10 coating had DF's 'of '1 7 x 10 2 ~ 3,'3.h x 2 Similar other gc.neric (epoxy and vinyl) tyvariations we~ re observed on the - pes ~, . Coat'ing Company's of coatings. modified phenolic coatings exhibited'DF'The disc 6 75 ' x 102 s from 1 18 to s [ The. protective: coa, ting systems .t . ing the best decontamlnt.tlon factors, floor and bench-top materials, e ~ in each resp. tion were as follows: ~ ective nener'ic clasnifica-L . A. Vinyl, 1. R0-221 primer, TP-216 with a sili 3 cone release agent (U.S. Stoneware) DF h.3px 103 ea, d ~ ,~ t s

y.;..m

,s. -A. - ' ~ ~ ~ -- i C ~.g - l 'G'. A*;*N.f ; *~ ; ' a. p. e .r 1h. ~ ,2. Nukemite-40'(Ame'rcoat Corporati 3 vj.M ,,;. ' ' T G ' ,-v on):.~'DF

L5 x.103

3. ?kustbond 6C primer, polyclad

~ 7 ' ', ) Company): DF' ='3 6'x 10 933-1, polyclad 1200-20 3 Ca'rboline Rustbond 6C primer,-polyclad 933 1 - -[ 'h,'. -4 Ac . DG (Carboline Corgany):.. 4 -c- '2.0x10.(,r,.f =. 7

p

'., 5 - ',1 ,4 8 i. DF h ~ ^ '5 y .:s R0-221 primer,. - ~ u.; - - SB-312 seal (U.S. Stonewa.. ). v. re :. 2:.c -> ~. ,1. ~ The average.'DF of;the remaining DF = 133 x 10 ( . 3 .c 1 10 vinyl coatin' gs tested wa's 3 4 B.. Epoxy x'102 ~

1. ;No.' 66 primer, No. 66 seal 6 3,x 103

. gloss (Amercoat Corporation): ,DF e 3 \\ . 2. Plasite 9009 (Wisconsin Protecti y .c i \\ 103 ve Coating Company): I)F = 1 3 x \\ < \\ ..). UC-12168 system (Pittsburgh Plat No. '74 primer, No.~ 7N surfacer e Glass' Company): 4. . DF = 1 3 x 103.. n. I-I , No. 74 seal (Amercoat Corporation): .DF =.1.0 x 10 l 3 The average DF" of the remaining 17 ep C. Modified Phenolic. oxy, coatings tested was 2 64 x 10 Phenoline 300 surfacer, 302-8 1. 4 i 1 7 x 10. ~ , 300 finish (Carboline Company): 3 DF = 2. Plastie 7155 (Wisconsin Protecti ' '~ ~ 'g' 3 ve' Coating' Company): 6 75 x 108 'DF = 4.8 and Phenoline 368 system (Carboli 'h. Phenoline 30t, 3'M fi ne Company): DF = 3 72 x 10, 2 nIsh (Cterboline Comptiny): The DF's of 16 sampics of ten dif DF n 3.h 'x 109 tested ranged from"O.52 x 10 terent modified phenolic co 2 atings to.l.7 x 103 for 'an average of 3'.62 x 10.' 8 2 I e s I 7 l i . - - ' ^

o C. -. ' la 4 " 7, -- ~

e.

.,. ~

15. -

\\ , ; b : i: _,.. ' }f : v D. Polydster..,... -r .m 7 'y'. 1. No.1712 primer,-LiquidClassseal*(WilburandWilliams' Company): E 3 -;.pl O. .,,.A,.. j,, " .m. m ;.,. 7..,, n*n:~. I DF = 2.6.s 10. .a +1 . g ., J 'E. Inorganic. . g,r ::<tI, 3

9..

- J s ' e Dimetcote Mo.'7(kmercoat Corporation): TDF,=56x.10,[resulting

1..

j y ir.. ~ from the, decontamination reagent attacklori the coatin'g.. 2s.. a-2

2. ' No.1680 (Amercoat Corporation):

.DF = 0.6.3'x 10,.,, F. . Floor and Bench-Top Material ~ 1. ISO Shel1 Top No.' MS-03439 (E. H. 'Sheldon Company):' DF = 2.4 x ..k. ' "10. 3 DF = 1.8'x'10. 3

2.. Embossed tile, plain (Space' Whit'e Industries):.

2 No. - SW-7042. tile, plain.(Space. White Industries ): 'DF = 5 65 x 10, ~ ' 3 4 h. Tessera vinyl Corlon tile-No. 86549, (Armstrong Cork Company): w 2 DF = 0 95 x 1,0. t h.'3 ' Remarks Abotit the Ef fects of Gamma Rad.iation on I Miscellaneous Mai;criais eo .Several. types of material's were irradiated.in the Co gamma source. I to evaluate their use in radioche[nical facilities. The materials (1.isted in alphabetical or' der), proposed use 'and test.recults are 'as follows:- - - - - - ~

b Material Proposed Use Remarks

.c c ~~ D f 'jf 3' '1. 'Amerplate and ' Floors,'. bench-tops Embrittled at.5 x 10 r Knoblock (vinyl, and tank lining 1 4 - sheet by Amercotit) I 2. Colma Joint, Soaler, Construction 'I.lyis t rical nt 1.6 x id3 I t r i types SL and NS joints ~ l I (by Sika chemical Co.) O i^. 3 celma tre v aei e ce streetie-525 exva sio att r s x B - Sealer (by Sika joints 10 r Chemical Co.') l y -t

-l, r

s t l l t l

.qg7,_ --

a. . ~. .n u.

4, s s. . f5f.*.l ~ * "A E ' ' -.:sjg n,, ;.y.- { 3 ~ y,g. d- - > ; ; W,l,.. ;, .,,, ~,., ~,,: ~ .8.' 4'

y

~j,*'__,.g l ' ', f ' ~^ ) ,.e5,.- 'i E terial'0 .g ' Proposed Use F# r.

.s

.,..'n' Remarks.j,'. " Wt. ' k.. Corite 'SIX' " Resin ' Process equipment 'a 6di ~ (Corite"Reynolds., '.and liners., '(Physical property 'tes.ts.cf - s. Corp.) _6 x.107, < ; 3,}, ^ 5 x 1@ .I

x 10') r exposures,, and 2.B s

pending) ' d- '5 'S ';. Halon (fluorohalo-carbon.plasticby;.JProcess equipment', ' Embrittled at 1 x 10 8 A111e,d Chemical) ' g ;., ~y,. r u 1, J , q ;.,, 6. Bomalite'Nov 1100 'j: '. yc.a ~,. ' Proc. c . p1astic cod '(epoxy,^ _, ' ess equipment Embrittled at 9 8' n 10 8 Ho, mali t e ' Corp.- ). ~' r, -T r ': 'e ' 7.' Koro %eal'(flexible _ ' Caskets'- PfC, B. F. Ioss of resilience 'at 7 x Goodrich ).

108 r.

8. Kynar/ plastic sheet (polyvinylidene Trocess equipment ~ .No noticeable deterioration ,i fluoride,by Pennsgit, .at 5 6 x 10 ,r, B ~, i ~ ... Chem. ' Co. ) 7 'W j l ~ ~ ' 9.g Methocel,'6%'(vater soluble scalant Sealant coating-to coating) aid in decontam-Embrittled at 5 x 108 r -ination. t { 10. ( Mica sheet, lami-5: .l 5 Process equipment 4, 13, 18, and 27% loss.of i nate, 5 mils i I thick light' transmission" at 1 x }

- C 10", 5 x 10, 1 5 x 109

~ 8 3 \\ C and.5 x 10 r, respectively 9 11. k Mylar,she e t~, 10-( mils (polyester .Proces's equipmenti by duPont) ~ Embrittled at 1 9 x 108 r; 16% loss in light trans-i, t mission p.-- 12. Penton Nos. K-51 and Process equipment 9215 (chloronated_

r___,

,~ ~ ' ' _ polyether by~ -. ~ ~ ~ . Embrittled at-5 x 10 7 Hercules. Powder Co. ) k',Y,,13 Plexiglas cast sheet Process equipment - (methylmethacrylate 19% loss of light trans-s i by Rohm and Haas mission at 5 x 107 r embrittled from expos;ure Co.) to radiation (9 6 x 10 7 [ r) I nt 1(WF i L_ - lb. Pliokondcement ( '(Goodyear Tire Gasket' veld Embrittled at f x 10 '.r B l and Rubber Co.) ,.-e ~ + .e e g. a y e O l

.3: n ~,' 3}y~'

y. ,j c c~c,- .,,2. ,;;.n } ~~'

~

' C A - l .r .'r ~~

c.,-

, '^ Material . -Proposed' Use. Rema'rks ~ ~ Protective coating #No apparent deterioration .IS. -PVA '(p61yvinyl ; ) ~ S r ' ' alcohol coating .to aid in decon , 4t 5 x IO ,g;... d ramination' <3'+ .y. l

16. Pyrex plate glass, Process equipment, Browningand67an~d94%

~. loss of -light transmission' _ '0 5 in. thick . 1 j[.7^ qat 'l x 10. and 1 x 10e r,- 5

f..,, s

' 3 y'..?., respectivelp .' 3 i ', 4 ~ I. ]' ^ - 17 Quartz, 1/4' 1n'. Process equipment -Light transm'ission logs l j- ,.-thick'(from from a purple discoloration

e ORNL stores

.of striation impurities: }. ' stock) 'h% at J x 107 r,-48%at5 r, 66% at 2 x 10*> r ~ j ~ x 108 ~ 73% at $ x-10'3 r ~ . ~ l .. B . ~ '18. Silastic (1) RTVL Equipment coating Embrittled-at 5 x 10 r 3 501c(2).RTV-731 ~ A.'. ". c. -(by'Dow Corning) '~' .I 19' Standard The mon. Heat transfer ' 1 x l'010 ~ r, no observable- [_ (plastic by compound deterioration ..Thermon Mfg. Co. ). 9 20. Unichrome molding Equipment lining . Embrittled at '1'.5 x 10 r ' plastic (type 218Xj j baked PVC_by Me'tal l and Thermit, Inc.) I 'No observable deterioration 21. Dimetcote No. 3 Coating for view-I. (by Amercoat Corp. ) ing. window frames; at 6.6 x 109 r- ^ . ) expo'ed to radia-'- s tion and No. 3268 mineral oil, i Humble 011.Co. - [- j.

22. No.1101 primer,'

Coating' for view- ' Scal coat embrittled'at- - l No. 120h9 Black. .ing' window frames;.3 5 x 109.r Epoxi,n (by Inter-expos.ed to radia-p'. chemical Corp. ) 'ti'on,and No. 3268 l ' mineral oil, ^ llombic Oil Co. i aA light source at *(O f t-candles power wris used to measure light trans-c mission. ~ O l + 8 y ge g,W-e aw_ e e .u.

C O,.. _ - O i c,,3 ,p 3 s. r. t.. s o s e c'.. . n.. o ' .n.,. .a_ q; ' [. .'.g w., Table l' s. Radiation and Decontaisination' Rating of Several Protective. Coating's o f i 8 . Radi& tion' Source: 'Coeo'atiintensities froni o.9 to e.08 x 10 r/hr, gatsna, and.y to Bo*c teagierattirk *; y {e- .. c. ...y .a., ;., ' Samples applied-on (1) 'c'oncrete, 2 x 2 x 6 in., and (2) carbon or stainless: steel pdnels,- ' [j';,.; C n O.i 3 T.. ~s ~ 2 x 6 in.,.

a. _

a 16-gauge. r. a,. . r. y ., 4,- ~

2y

-(The listing shows. decreasing order of the' coating's resistance to radia.'ib1). t % l.,.w ]y' 4 p+l g4 , g;.(. M."

v i a.

. ' 8... A a*.. T' .',Y..,

r ;.',

['", e,, ' ..t }' J. a.

3. -Q Couperative :'4

k[.' 2 '

JY.' 6 s - Coettas Radletten} , _' Decentantee stee*

i#'

4

3 2 Cenergo substrate. Thic kne e s,

Expoegre y'tcouperettve

Fecter v*

Casting Systee ?tf g.g Type' Material .(ette)- .(r) Effect settne 1(DF). parles - d,;,'i

['

.r,

s.,

l'g

',. (.;. g. s- .6 l Coettese Exposed in Detoetred Unter, , / y' ',S /,. [ ' W. }s t, c , + *:.' 1. fygoveld No.14-63 8 Ep Steet Ac

'r 2.

No. 7. prtaer "% entfacer.46 eest* 1 Ep.pe ' Concrete. 18 'L.!t a 10' A, 3 .Encelleet ' c itj ' Fett .. '3 $L*' . M-t a 13'

A'

^ Excelleet.7 5 260 ,-Fetr*..',' f,=.9 ' '[ 5 O a 13 4 Excetteet 'i6,333-4 Entettent' *. * * # .?; .k.I'3W13' "3.' No. tf petnor. (6 seat glose 't Ep -p o Concrete 12 A Coed (*)*' ' ' 40 0

Cood,

' f..' .. Fleette *188 13* md. ph. Concrete ah s Steet 5 ...!2 m 1J' A Encettent- / 67$ Cood l."

h.

No. (f prtw r * [6 eartacer 66 eest* .1 tp-pa 'Concreed

SQ.

3.e: a to' A,' S l Cood (.) .koo Good + ct. Concrete T3 1 00 m 13' A. B . Felt / 400 Cood 6. No. In: f 1 Inor. Concrete 2 '!.71 a 10 'A Cood (e[; g,7 }25 . 63 Poor .i' . Cotes Pr.*tecttve Coating I Ep -pa Concrete 13- ' 3.'.4 a 10 ' ' A y t;ood i

1 *-

' Coed a,. .g ?. No. (i prime. (4 east i 1 Ep-pe St. steet 12 !..t a to' A.* ' Cood d e,'I ' \\- s i sreet 16

..! a to?-

s, d - Good [*h. E 432 - Good e " .* 372 ?. Fhenott-e 3 d syste. 2 nod. ph. Steet 15 3 15 m to' C,. Good W r b 'C coed' - 3 .,( >. [ 9, 13. No. *. 7t: ser. 7:e surf acer. 66 sea t, 1 Ep.pe-Concrete Sk 3,77,ggs A Cood v 200 ' Fett ., '". [&, j Steet 53'. 2.tk's ta' A Cood (372 Good .l s 'y'.'j .t 'O. 2.1 a 13'. A, 3 Cood - ' w t s .i 23g Poet '. Q Mod. ph. Concrete ' .f It. Fleette ~122 system s z

4 -1, g

Steet 6-1.L$ n 13. ' A, 3 Fate c19f Fetr : g. i f

Y "S.[*s-b

. ' !.'l 2 33. a 13 A, t., Cood ,tM.i Fatt-

12. UC of

evsten*

' I ' Ep-pe ' oncrete

k6 c.

b ,go A, B Cood - .U 23 Door t'+

f e

Steet th . g,y 1*. UC tElio eye:en* l' 3' Ep-en ' Concrete - bb 2 5' m 13* !

A, s " : Good.S

. f.0,125.' ' Fair N' 83 s Steet.. 30 - 2.25 m 10 * ,A Good' . * * ' " ~.. ' p.}y '~ 14* 1. u 13? e Fetr . 1,30s 'a tacetteet c. l /H IL. Chen-Fn I?tC syetea. Ep -ee

Concrete,

". f 3 .Steet , i 25. .1 39 a 10 '

A Fetr

(,,.IT,. Pter y*/* *:. . t!. Ches-Fn ;?1. 'tr system 6 tp.ee Concrete .24-2 2!'s 10*- A Cood A s' 13 ' - Poor, y 4 Steet t$. Edi n 13* A, C Fair,** 4' 1. 1 ~ * " = 1

16. ' R3-22! -':ht eystes l

5 tp Concrete 15 '2.25 a 10* A Co64 ,.r,. Steet 15 15 x IJ A, C Fett. ' ' 16 [' F Peer '.Ceed 17.' Colee Surface tote Ep Cor. crete 43 2 2 a 10* A. 3, D Coed , - 450 y',.' St. steet 23 2.M >m 13' ' A, 3, D Cood 'k33 ; Good i

54. ph.

Concrete IS . 2..'& ' t 10 ' AE Cood 280 Fair 12.* Pheesttre ??O eystee - '2. ? I Steet 20 2 2 s 10' A, t - Cood '** eh5. Petr* 1 l [ l a ~ si ) ,gg,. s s.' g i 1 g'

- 5 r

b a t h 1 t' ._.e

- - - ~ _ _ _ o ,,w v. - y ~ p., .....a. n. ,,w[,-- O m. s I 1;,. q 3 4.- ,w. g i s. Table la (Contittued) .L-i .e~.se.

G

. m. 'I Deceetastnetten W Nctor 3 ceverett d I i .1 ..t Radiattoe 1 lzpovere - Couperettes ' (DF) - nating' - .e.- Coattat p Rating, d Metertal (mite) (c )*

4ff3ct Substrate thicknese Mfg.,g. Ceneric

. Cood

j., 177 s Felt. 4

' * ($. g g.,

- i

" Type .'p 2'.'

2. f a 10,. t ;A. S'

-. 630, ' 0004 '- h Concrete 2.J' s 13*. A, 3 - Cood y 'l S3 Csatteg systes, y' d. P. ~ Steet . IP. Cace c. t.,Th.s 10

A. C ;

Ftte i

3.,

7 '. .A 2 g N 100 d '.'. 'y - Phesettae'!

systes Concrete
3 1).

g lg. 7 np Fett 158 m 13*. A C,:0 266 Patt Pg ' I,1 i 1.!6 m 13* A. C ' retr' /- a Cost " .A Concrete ' 15 Cok'es Sarf ace Kate b 3*2. 137 J,.Tetr i Sreet 1.b3 s IP A. C. Fett C tp l'r 2% a.., .'D Contrete 1 34 x 13* A. C. Fair ? 'L

21. R5 2!3-b;A oftte c

Cood - 82 , Poet. - i ~ d 7 Ep.ps Concrete-J 3 30 2 (d' ,3

concreta, 1.22 m 13*

C . Fatr. .,-)116 n.. k2..ColmeProtectiveCoating 36 Ep-me 6 Fast 2? D Fair 1 340 Cood - 23. Coroline f:f.2 syst'es* 10 Mod. ph. Cocerete . O. 1.47 a 10* ' Fair' s. 9 Steet

13) x 13' A, S

^. * ~* A,.3 Fair 33 t 27. / j ' t.32 m 13' 2k. Flestte *1M system - 2 Mod. ph. Concrete

steet 2]O Cood

-[.

23. thenottne !!!, ti filter, 330 fietsh

13) x !$*

A. C. Fate - d 2 Mod. ph. Concrete 1 22 s 13' C ,1,200 tweetiest a Fate 2) Fett 33 1.J3 m if* A 343 Coed f* V 302, 330 finish Concrete 13 Ep] 1 steet 1.tb u 13* A, 8 Fair m t@8

26. I'benettee,? M surfacer, Fair 270 Fatt h

Concrete

0 1.02 a 13' A, 5 Fati 9.1,"CC 27 Flastte ?.*

system Eacellest

.(. 2;

24. P.

-2 Steet 1.1*. m t. A Fhenottne 70, 3M f tnish'* ..2 ed. ph. Steet, t -.b

1. l2 m IJ ',

A, 3 fald 17 'e = 2 Nd. ph. Concrete M 1.14 m tJ* A, 3 Fair ' 26. Steet 5. Phenottne !id, T D finishFhenottne ? ; surf acer, JT, 300 flatsh 1.27 x 10 ' A, S , Fair ia h t 2). 4" a 2, 2 Mod. ph. Coacrete 1 27 s 13* A, C Fair. Fair' 3% .i. 177 37 1.->2 a 13' A. 8, t Fair,.,, a !!6 Fetr Steet Fhenottne ? Z oranse or, 300 peteer 3:: . j's Poor 2? 8 C 3^ 3M flatsh. 2 Mod, ph. Concrete ?.?3 x 1C Foor' * ,t' 31. 22 8 C .v.. Congets ?.03 a 10 Foor - .,, 20* No. 33 3 surf acer - phenottne 335. finish. Ep.am 8 .C f ate. Ep.9 e 27 Corretete

1. A a 1:

[y <', c ~, - Foor r Steet 13 e.n a t# C 32. b" / No. 74 primer, Ec. %-3 our f acer, Tb seat 7

$70 -

Good ' " '~'}, Ytte Cete V 33 s sceet i. t.43 a t8 .C Poet e, 112 ' tate - N ,,,o, 3 8.. k Poet Settee 'A'- ,f Concreto (.2) a I? ' C ' '!($ coed y l y{.' .4,., # r 1 V 12 toor - Cood. i lE I 2 Mod. ph. roncrete 1.M N If 3 .z. 900

Foor. s. j-35

.). 3 Foor i 13 A 21

' 36. No. 26 pricier, ?? seat Concrete 6 5' k 18 t

V

1) '

Foor

}$ Peof ' q,_. -). .y l Steel 1.33 k 19 8 Phenottne.;;;Ia,3 Cood l No. E6 pet-wr, )f seat, se.at-stoss V '? (. T. a 10m If C*' Foor. 12 8 A Foor ,',a , 335 !T. A Concrete < Good 3 36.

353, 1

Steet Foor

a-

.= +. -. T' 13 d.E 5 m l# C Poor ., -y".e 160, Cood, f -' '..i i No. 66 Fetaer, !!MB f Conc rete 2.65 a 1/ C + f Ste,1 - 3h 1 Ep.pa 7 J,3>0 - ticettset,. .y Steet

24) a t# -

S '_j

Faer No. 7. pet-er.

-8 surfacer 1 Ep 12 .y

q.

3 2.e3 = if a

peor, 1

M. concrete 't .t. No. I'2 systes 1 Ep ** J

30. 7. primer,.~- surfacer. TL **st*

steet 9.3 ' 2 '. .? g g v i E 7 o SC 4i j L' e w 'i.

w i

t-s ,1 a Y p .s 1 ~ so b b I Y"'- a .d A .,.u g

t g \\. ,I )... ', > ,s- . '. r. , x. t.. - :c. .s .4 s o Table 1. '(Cott tinued ) +< - s i s p 1 x {

-.c' Coa ltag
bdtotle[

, j', ,2ating Systes Mia.,, cenerte s aetret. twt.6n... 1po.oce s3 , i.ecerppeentantaatten' k.

N*'

Type' Material (alls ) (r)* Ef fec t3 co,er.uei I P (DF) cow.r.nesi C h' r j i!. UCW, P -6134* - s , Ra ttes ' ,e Rattag b l No.1*t2 priser Ligold Class seal 5 (E )(T) Concrete - 40 ., 2 k3 n if . Foor ' Steet b 'e J

I, g

-e. i .t. 20 221 pr! er. AV.le61 9 Fe t$ 2.40 m if B rose -132 Fair -

g: '

d, Conc rete 16 .{ L t V RD-22f artner,19 21$ w/stitcone release-

i..

2.16 m If C ' Poor .,117 Fair. 5teet .f. 2.16 m if C 2,600 tacet kent

90 221 priser, $3,312.

E y Peer B. $30 Good I O' esest + 4 l steet 6 123 a if C Poor . -9,33) ,twettest. 7 y. M. Tysortst petwr, AV k61 8 Y steei w. 2 R0 221 pet er, ss.312 w/=tc. 7 V 3-1.20 m tf C Poor Steet 1[333/ Sarellent, ' ) p. Tygerust ;rt er ss-312 E .V Steet -l.21 a If C toor T 'i i .N c v 9 _1.23 = if C roce '7 372 Cood stee t t t.03 = If C toor. oeed e,' C- 't. f.ef priner. Av 41

/} -

'520 *

7 82.

!to.2.21 ;rt-er, *67 170 E T N.* r

433 -

ceedg, i f. s. 7) .Steet '6 1.JJ a If C Poor .?). Polyclad 453 3 hj 8 y steet 2 Y 5 I.M a If ., 323 Good-f 'i -g' u. j Stee t 3 l.;J.m tf C^ .Foor ' 7tr5. C toor No. Il prher, 58 eest i I' Pe t r, A I 1 V 5 1.00 a IC8 356 C Poot Fa te 1, Steet .e 1.00 n if 322 Cood A Foor I Coatings trposed in Alr 33 Poor! 1. No. *. Pt ker, N surfacer, 66 sea t e 2. No. ti pri-aer, (6 surfacer, (4 sest* 1 Ep 9e Concrete .b t .;' b 1.JJ m IJ10 1 Ep.p a Concrete

T g,;.),g)to 8ttli Or, tweettent -

ft* Stilt of Excetteet 260 Fa t r ' C Phanelt e 9 system Concrete Y 1.;J m IJ o Settt DE tacettent'.

LOO
Cood '
J

... No. ii ! ner Dtmetcete g t e 2 Mod. ph. steet l'j 1 00 m 1050 'Stitt CE Ntzeettent 3T2 Cood Colm Fr:tective Coating 1 Inor. Steet 3' t.0) m IJ20 F rp-pa Concrete Stitt CE tuc e t teart. 63 Foor

5 t..'J m IJ 0.Statt CE tacettent

' 3T2 Coed 3. ~ i. A Colma Pr.=:ectife Coating tC M.* esstes' - 7 1p -p a Concrete 13 1..J m 1J 8 6' 1 Stl!! Or ifacellent 1 32$ Cogd : l st. steet 12 3.La a 1J' A, e excettent s - 5 ' ap.pa Concrete ' 14l L6 -1.-Jm 10' .s coed f. No. * ;r her, -k surfacer, 66 sea 1 8 Stee! ,144., retr ?

E

'.1 Ep.pe Concrete 54 2 14 x 10' D - Tetr 1.20 m ICD s A, S ' tacettent. 222 steel 33 - 1.J) m IJ20 Poor f '. i,,. { No. - tri wr, %B surfacer + 12. [ no. ji prtner, (6 seat glose

1.

Ep.pe . Steet 15 E.13 m IP.- 8t111 of. Racettent 9,' 372 Cood - / - - + i J. ,1. Ep.pa Concrete-12 ' E.13 LJ' t 'Ence11ent ; C tacettent 335 Cood. . 's ** a '. ,6,300' facalleet .?.

a o

J, d" ' g -3 g + 8, p ..u* .o ,,7* t 5 8 J h \\ /,' 'g e 4 r. 4 -r e. W ' O >m

'*~NN-.-

p. - M.___ s

{G. N (g I qp ( -e 1 .i- - -%, ~} -- - Jn. a a._ ~. - - -. - ~-

^

.P s n .y ~. i. J,. Table 1. (Continued) . n. a + A. --:p. 3 y Coattas ted t et ted ' _ oseesteminetten _ l,'N , c t e [ . Coopereuve ', Fac ter Cows e r a t t ve C.nerte Sutistrate Thienness Reposgre Coettav, System Mft. Type-naterial (mits) (r) Effect' Eating y(DF) Rating -1 .g _tl y g ') ' T '" t. .{ lj [ 't. 11. t'.1??-75 systee '1.' /. -<',4.N ( ' [, *%j '6 . Ep Concrete !? yt.M 1: 13' Still OK.Eurellent i + Steel 1; >T.N a 10' Setti OK - Encellent

j. 16.. Feer ' ; --

j.'b. . T.20 m 10' Sttt! OK tacellket /. ,6. Concrete ' 1% Ep d

12. Ef -;i!. ! A s ys tee t

>T.?O m to ' 'It t t ! OK tacetteer '1 '266 a.'Fatt d '.[' [',4

^

11, f ' >T.20 m 10* .5titt' OC ' twe e t teet '.l * * '.,* ' Steet. " kl 44 6 Ep-am. Concrete 2k, j 13 Ches.F3 231. W erstes Steet 15 'AT.20 m to" ' Still CE f acelleet.,'. t), Foot t t 1! / /*

b*

..i - h'a' 10 6 '

Fair' l'. No. *. 3 surfacer, 7b s,est. ? Ep.pe Concrete 22 f.00 m IJ ' C Cood I

-{ i NY' 16.

Tile Care 5 ** Ep.p s concrete 27 . 6 30 m.13 ' 8, C Cood. ',,'S '

pl

-e. i Steet 15 ' 0 30 m 10*. 8, C -Good'.7 . y} j C M d-

16. ~ Tysosstd so. *b.60 l Ep.

Steet 16 6.C'3 m 19 5, D Cood.,' '.- 't.} l85 g. Fakt-/)t- 'I W /" i j.. I i' ; 63.

Foeri I;'

'8 17 Flestte ~122 1) m d. ph. Concrete !. 3 ,7 30 m 1P A, C Cood. /l Steet . 6 6 03 m 10 '

8. D

. Good .t,'. 197-Petr 4 3 Steet 9 (.03 m 10-8' . Good ' e - *. . 52 . Feer : J 'tc. Flestre 100 W Hod. ph. Concrete 2' ' 5.tB m 40' ,a Good 1 * ' + ' 116 Fetr

17. ' Flastte ct';5 1:-

md. ph. Concrete. 2f. 6 02 m 10* s. Good. he. Feec' -.. e. 5 teel ? t>.G2 m 13' 8 Good '..,'

6TS Cood '

i G ..h 2J. Fleette 2.'M l ,JS Ep Concrete '. 3 ? - (. 02 m.10 *. ,A Cebe ' E00 Ceed. fa Steet 3 6 02 a 10 A Good 4 1,300 _tacellest 8 t L32 Coot EJ i Pt. Ms. n prtu r, M gray i 1 Ep -p a steet it- . 6.00 m'tf A, Coed .[ 2.(.h a 10' D Fair Coed j 22. No. 3 prt M, 99 scal. gloss I V C.*nc re te 1.' Steet IJ-

6. tid s tw' A'

Cood' N3 Ceed gj

27. UC.12td efsten*

f-Ep Concrete !?* 5 50 m 10" B, Cood 125 Fate + Steet 12 5.',J m t J '.. s ', - Coed ' t,3M tacettent. D tGood

2,600 '.

Encettent ?.e .v ?L. No. 1 12 priaer, Ligold Class seat j 7 Pe concrete .10 - 3 5 0 m 10 '. ' g~,5 2. No. - primer, Tk sur f acer, 74 seat L Ep am Concrete C.'.b 5 46 h I'J ' C. Cood -'. - 460 ^ Cood .?,. -sa s

r u

Good.. g.,270 Fair S.. pre-et he Ih, 393 f!ritsh - ? M d. ph. ' Steel ' 17 5.PJ m 10'., A, O s. g. h .d 4 7'. No. 1*?2 ,I '1 Fp Concrete 7 b.93 m,10' a B 6 Fair y 550 ;-- Cood .f y ? Y Steel ,i 1s.90 m 10' A, B," fair l ',606.( steel 12 4.')0 m 10 ' s T Fate ' 'i-i a .) tacel tdet., g; 3.. Rue d.'nd 4-C primer, polycled M 3 1, -g'f + l 5 14 p lvetad 12@.20 t ^6 .i.

30. *-

f 1 Inor. Cancre're 2 '. 91 = to ' A .Petr'.*,c'.)d. ~ F*e M ine 7.,.tB filter, 3.'J finish 2 Mod ph. L;onc re te ??

k. $s a 10 '

A, 9 Fett E . e n.1.,*

-[.k -

Steet k.Th a 1;J' A. 3

Fair, e,

ty . l '>* 3 .!1. Fhenattne 3(2,' 300 'tinteh' l ' 9. md. ph. Conckete p*' h.70 m 10' S Fair ' " ^ S t.0.' Ceed k'c' l r Steet 4;" h.70 a 10 ' B Fair 2k$ Fair !. (f t l Fatt '26d Fair.*

4 Mod. ph.

Concrete IB k.(6 m 10' A ' Fa t h. ~ p j M h I'. Fe not t ne. !",') s ys tem' steet. 20 ' s. k.65 m 10? A 450 Good ' Cot-a surface Rote Ep. Concrete L3 .k6 a 10' A

Fair

- 2 4 !). i Steet 23 ,rs.62 a 10' A. C . F a i r ',, '** '. *. b)) Good - q + 3 i 1 l' i r l. F(i:. f 6 I .l' o "4 8 Lb s M. s g q.. 6 8 .*'.q 0 k 'a 1 6 'l c ,Nt y i ev, g

A ..Y Y / ' s.'* L. '" - '.~ 9) 'iq,. :

=n,.d*y.. a,w.-.

~ t,,. 4 ,.f.lp*.'l*'.*+^ gd .i ,:y. .1. =.,>,. w 3 : N ..n.._%,,.'

j. ].

'% N'l* , E - s e e. f9.. r % 4A-., %.,i.., is. 4.v.

- '"t

.g. ...d.,,.. ,4 4 s .j 4 (~ = , '; *** *t

,.s,,..,

m 'a. - ? v.t.',". e . ~..,.,4.,. g .....m.~ G ~ y a,..,e/ ,. p,% ' y .e.-.. = . ~. q, =. 3 4.,3'-*

i

. P3 ' Q 4 sh - w g2. r.. - .. g. m.

i nae. p y

~. r=< ..w c,.r>. q; * ..a t 9. g., s..a. ,s,. ? ",l t

l w I {

s r* 3.. e a

Q3. L.

_.,4,, d = -4 e. e .t. ~ 1* ?.

.s; 4

*.F 4 * -e S

. n. o ew .w 3..g ; ef J.. Y. r

e. e.

s -r w e e g. e. e .e .e .t. .a . et . a. en.

a. a. as b

... 9p em ed n e .e 4.a a, .t

t. e e y

e - % h. 4. .e 6 4... 4 g + j .a. .s, ee . e6

e

=b

b. r..

ag e.. a w ~ '. y ". y F, .to G n ) . s.e

e. s o D w

a..% .4 9 As w.. n. <h. *%. hF a, b 0

n. s.n.e.'s n

n ti 6.n. p ne en.

f.w.4,s.4 er% er%

8 0 - O.P.- in ns c - u tg# I . O* ' .a6.4.R p g {. '9],,, n. .t .j -.* - #, ,r, y a {y a 88

.r.

M '. g %,. " e a ~.; - [

,,,.a.

e. e. a.

e. a. a. a. a. t.

mmm o a. ww 'a : 2 2 : a:= 2 2 22:::w m w w w a. a. a. t '.A

a. e. e. t t.

w-mm en a. a. wwww

a. a. e.. m

-ww

a. a. a.

-h 422.22:22:2 = = m =a e.

4. a. a.

m w n. 2 2:2 2..g e22 =. m

r u

'A8 .U... is. .i. 4 4W ~ o 4 m 4 4 da e as 9 ed .g e ( ag.. O m,. N er, 4 4 4 y U U.- U U U U at .Uga-9 .0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.. e.C.

a S p.

l

=

= s. 1.".O..n .e

- ^'S.*

o e 3**". e#. ,.f 4 .o.3.00

0. 0. 0 M

b

0. 0 0. p e. ' 90. 0. 0. 0

0. 0. 0. 0. 0 W R RA RN N E N M 18 N N It a M P

ees '~

g. *

0. e. ', *...

n... n..m "J, Oh.. t n.. n.n n o. N Er. - ~ st

0..

~. 0. 0 a SE N NNN n. NM .e ENN

.'.% - N et

,u- . a. .. a 8nmn O O O..R It af 4 M 36 I n n - n. n.,. e.g. s o es . a. o a m a R. O . R. u. n R

8. n.

./ a u. m. e. n. n. n

n.. e an,

o O

O .aua 4 n .f. nnn n wn-1 -o n g .a ., o.r,, u, n e,.s,,s n o.n. e.J m-v. en gn La V ... ~. gn a- ~ g w w e,.,o nenso o n o cv n.n .n n nu v-w s- .u,.. -O a. p ec ~ 4 c 4 QMM c ..e 44 u 44M M. e c MM t D W M e4 %) to. MMMet .... x

- 8 v.

.o s.

a. s.

a. . t t4 trb e tt MMM XX i a s. I-* - a* f .}} 3 ,8 n .t...t I.f.,>>>.6,>>.,..f ' '.g 1 .AE= g ,. I a - a -na j an u s i g .- a i .s. u n . t ~ t n v age arwwu -e s -n i .. _, -. -; _ - -. n d' 4 g - - - 3. . m 7: g

n..

ers E. .s .e. .. t. n,, n n .o n- - n n ers . i.,, .a. c% v. w t i .O m~ o e. s. es 2, ,o w,,,.3 ~ E 9 ~- .c, n wR 1.. e. ....n, a. n a 4. we

w. n n.

n. n m 1 a. ..n.. e .n M C s m,e .n l Inwn-.- - .o.. m. n 1 't .t < . t. ........I. o -o I .n o nn!! n . s.u, a. .to. a-*n..n .O.. .t. s.O.. d. u n

. = *

.e., M ~- .s .~r.c R. R.= aoEe.. S C., 8848 8. E

t. 3.R E E n.. n.

.s ,c0 At en n .e e. -n E ..e. M t... I rm W% n a nFt r% aA Ea - 3 .7, .c.ir s'.S .n .n. 4 y , o, n - c,. 4 f en " artn er% of\\o ne n n .u n.

t '% nn

,M an .-s .y t8

g.

4.,. e

~5**

9 k l A 4 q l l.' 4 g e k g v,. g Q'* A".%y, e 'r., '..e '. * $)h' & y 3

M

~,g w., ' Q f,, l E. Q n

. ~ - - -. ~ - ~ ^^'-- " - ' ' ~~ ' ~ ' ~ ' P .N = ,,e

4. J. a

,-.,,e... r. e - l J ' s..... ~..m .**N.* 7.-. .*.a- + < ;

p. * ' 4 q

5 .J. t. h,; * >.. ;., 2..a,c.. L ?" x. -, - W,% * ' ?.. ; e -g u -';

e-

.,.. a.M.. :-.. c-a t.- ~- ;,- . q.- ,,mA- . e.. g. .).. Q2 av, t a + - V ..c . ~ ' - =2.3-. ~m .w

n..j -.. Q.

.s ?.. ,e r-w. - ~ 1. u ....'n .t,....,..., M= -e... ,G. D. e. .2. ,v w w .. wm..,.a.*.g, - 4

s. *

.~ _.. ye-..,. .J. .u f' 3.,',

.n h

- ~

h >-

- L'- ~ E e' .f-3 . a..w pr.r d. * * - i

.u*-

e,*b t W.. -, -,.g..n....*., + ~ - p. '

i e

- m' . ~.~,- - '.. . s ;,- ,.n.,. .~~. p. g. , g 3. : _q g r s. y.- m ,,.y,,. r,,. w* .n ,. ;,.. ~ ..,\\,... ... -.a e ' .g u ,. g n e.-.. .s,. .r a ~ ~ '. .~. f-s:, e. e e. s ,.,,s. 5.- . h.dy. ....,.3.- 4*. <

3

c 1

.v_-...,. - em i..*. p - A w. s g..

s..

~,. .c.se ., y.. d

-"P---.-:

~, g. i '- (

3
t.

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o n.r.

.,.).. - J", ..n. =)* %.'g'#* h.f - V ' 4.' / P.',,,4 r % - **3 f i i A '1* 7 4 - - 1 .m . s. <b .. 1.

. n '
. h 4 mf, -

9 ... Jm.P+. *. Of

)<

17

e a-O'.

f..,'*.w '.. e' .; %,.-3. -. 1* ,e .m1-i g, a 888 3

,l

s s ~. . s g B g g . ~ . ay .= '.f. x .g b g ee ~~ 'u M k g

e,

g ,, 'b a .a ,.,.s* .4 .'f.

- ' -'*g, 7

e' + es .+ y 4 r= * .? A 4 3*- 6*-m* c y 6$ f. ^ s e N me d"'% a 80 ..E m, y a, y q e. sa .re r. c s g e. O%. O m ( 48 - 'a%. - O g e y e-3 e v 4 2 C >. y- - g' dE E ee ,4 e* e en

==e 3.* e C E .~e e. o - j a w eOG $4 O he e a (y q O me H es s g$

- es so gg ge eg 6

e .3 m 6e. O j

q, w as l

.A g*- e4 e tg w =* 9 b t J egeg { gg e e p' .O pe e es e as e e g ,g p"* J e 9 e b e g g ge Q g e S ** O w em A h a' e. g .4*' W

m aW e

e .e,

b G.e e se es ea E =.

g g es es g gI 8 e8 ., g g g M b g #1 es e, et he

~

e es 3 C C e h e oe g, gn) O g + be

U
Se h eT g

9 s bb ** 9 e es A** A 4 e4 e ee ee. P > Ds et O9 g g,e g { ee 4 0 $ ,a jee { e'5 .s.- -e<e-- -..g .cWm. 3 g . -. -. -. ~.,.. - - ..4...-- =.~e =-ow 9. e a e> g j D 9 7 U 4 tin

9 e b 0%

ee -E O ** *e6 &A

- De SE N * = = ee K

== ee - e O 8 0 ,og e af ar'% U

e. en aa 3

g o-es e g e 4 D6 eW h

ep%,&,

t. as g g Jg g g, w .***9***e 4 O a 34 ee e p

8*

e P= em U w e. f

... 4 e

g

. C E et

.a .e. s%.* e e' g 6

F 9

e m; N &. Q d ).. OU.=.., e.. 9 y . g a w. 4 s s e e e , 8' 5m 2 - t .e$g 8 a.- ,4, = E.e, W *'t

O e ** e O, g

n' n x oe.e =Ce9 -? o .P.e. e 8* as

- bs'*

* O se e3 3=

g e { **

wg

= &

6. se es U

U f me g -e& tese se es g .g. 5 . er en 6e 3 to e &g 4, e., e. gp bO D' e b UW Am m a e, e se g C e et 9 I an g e. w. b g.C. aI, e o,'F e+ - g h e 4, e m h E,,, ,e, g s'* s ei e W O e ts .=. ~ 1 ~o9.e.. U. 1.. C um& 8& 8 g me g ,.,s. y .s,. g e e 48

- =*>**ed
- e e*

4 0 eg e 4 e .tp em, ,a, e J. g* e j g, e e== -e

= =.a g

g, w UGbsMD33M, b g 9 e mg e 3 9 669 ne. = = e e, m e e g e g

* * * *. e e + e e e

a gb & e C-e Ce

- N W ho Wp 9 eas 0% O==

4) eng ad W E'3 se > ee as - 4 t 5 .1 l g, .g 4 O R d e p.', y d'9 PP ,.= g s., - ** .4 ." ^ - s .q s. O 5 4 " ~ ,.t- ..y=.' = ,.7 ~ a ,g ,_1.* 6 ,s

A-e ..o. (.g> s n .t-e. g r ~ ,:;, } 'i.' ~~e 4 -2 ~ Table 1.- (Continued) OA 6.,.0 ..s. s.. .b, N'- 1 Roentgent An evpesare does of a. Or esame radiation such that the sesociated corpuscular entseted of 0.CJ122 g of ett pr'educeej la 'etts, tone getrying. 3 'l I electrostatic ontt of quantity of electrtetty of either sign. This quantity of tons le produced be the absorptimer el Lt.7 erge e[, ,s y radiatton 4mergy per gram of air (34.ev required per ton pair), for energette u.saw and sedius garria redtattee.

c:

?." ; r * ' ' f,,. b r. j. !., Radiation gffect: , i. A r., y.. A. chetheds,s - embrtttled; C C blistered; g. loss 6f adheeton; g - interfectal area attack. i .e,

j..

~;,- eu .p 3 ,a i - 's .f. Isoconteetnetten Tactors g. E'. k J-

E The retto of the original ' amount of conteatnant (mixed its'e ton products et Ca.Pr., 2r.Nb- *, Ru14, at pH ? and appreatmately).O t/ht)

't',

4:

- 4A*,, l .y.*

l',

~.

i

'm to the amount removed by a 2.msn water flesh follo4.ed by 9 acrubbing strokes with. e medium hard betitle brush in

3 Re.

4' s s ^ 31 ~s 7 . Cesting reinforced with woven glass fabric isnimate,, such as Thales IM2 w/Valan (Ints%, 2. m It warp an'd fill, i rils thick,' d, es. pet eq 'yd. j . - b. i.' .+ [ ) ,A ' ~ ) Woven glass fabric thleknies included. M O-y The 'ples sign indicates a better than'

good' rating. 6 L,'

o Ii s .i. e g 4 3+*, ..g', y, -.,y' Tiberglace pigment in coating. I s .M s M* ,! *:,q ,- f 3 . s' ,j. 4 = r +,,. .[, [', .q \\ s o r, s e a s, r s.. g ,e 8 J C. .a to p . :] i i ' T,,j. ' ^ ' 4% '

)

b. ^ '...r. e l

4,',,'

!f ' s' f s ',i .,(,' ./. * ,I .s 'J - i I .L,J t. .p s s e' s i . /< 3,- s. .,,1 g[ ,9 y 'a j ,9 s. , g-s ,~ w 'v y wp j ' 7 ' h. ^,. m,f.,'.,*,4*gf*, .t ;... .1;...,i. ~, ..g . *.,Q k*, y g s .l w.... :. m. p 4,,. "4- ....o 3 3, i M ~- ) - j g 6 ...,,.p'..,, c' l ?,. t , 4 .1 e 4 w > 1 j..

,,.t.

3, 8 . - 4.*e I yl T g.

T'

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k

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3 -

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i' s' ( $[ ,a 1 ~ l 1 .3 y 4, i. c ,1

9 0

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d 9

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h. O :

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s.

t.. .+ .... 23 ~,, z.s w

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a~..p--a

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C.

., c-T = uf .: :?. N y p% ~.~: - - i -- v d'. t-M q [I t 7 = '3 * **.u-e ns n g. g o.c o s s e r. .. a.y n - o h . a T' '^c P. '. 't . *r; = w .u um - a o., w. o u ~ sa g s ge e . aw p y p o %.3 .o a O -.*8 3

.c o ' a,c N" o y

ts. gr v,.o.n M.O.e 3 n. 6-O c c N 4 e-4 e e O.E

t. A '+^

n ~ ~ " ' "* U Q ' **0 E " " ' " * ~.. .( w G W m w g .o u .2 W ) y;. = O s ..C s.- 4 LA O .4 m m u

]

., f."

Q ?g

o. n..o. *. e..=. c. Is. esr.-e..we.

n k k gg c .c. e 00.a a.

o. e.

4.;, w ir.is.s..a. tw a tw N N u m N " ** d 4 'k h G ,i .C i N (* r* ** (* 4 {N "."4" .O r G tQ C O 0 e4 e c w.,4 .c d' M*A u D e. W D 4.4 M v ee k + .~ .-*Em. ee.e O k 'U .U O m V"$ 3 f:.. - ~ ~. m, e EX u ~ -- ~ u 7: 3.: 3:V O -a a 8 =" ~~ a in 3 e. 0 m 0 a 8== u u 8 u O m t. - o o e 2* m -w s =e a e o me u e .i c u *. in as E s no p O i.- i l C to .o w oe .ce .c.4 "o.

s

? $ M >>>0 .a em e a e S I' T y o .i > > A >2 >dO-O > m 0" e' O4 M N O 'o"de v e .. c, b s. , e-G m.D. N O. ,w h us n ' Q x p .L** ',t h G, O, 4. .? a 0 %s .re ' eft, *O ' E g y 9 w.4 U.C C #"** ..C g 'y 4

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c.ce S.

s., - &gv e 8. u. .a N.. es m s o ..,,,. *. n. 'T.e,,,. \\ o O .c 5 v o

n. x

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3... 3,.

e..e ' 3 -sE 2 3 en et 0 en n .c e r. G Q en b M we N.. ..3 .r O g. g .e .I. we'I' *I w g w *.= 6', .og a 'o e Q MI ,Q e es

c a.I'.'."'.a O*

Q.,e< e^ 1 4H d.O 4 e.s'.t.. 'g' ANe u ,a ye -=e.

== OI H .I. .3, .e.. I g., -=., 316 - 4.7 = .e n. e. n. m. eLa n ..e... as f e - el I. a e. s4 s ew a - - e. W e ard em3 N w =g $ m N

s.,

u ..I. W I e6 p e. alup w .O 4 8@.(%.p ..m,. .4 g e),p e-C- M . i A.S .#..c-3 S C H C .C = 5 p4 M J. e- . n n .*e, <s-a, n. ~ " ' ' * * *

g
a sa c:

4 n.s er. ma e-se o E 'd l .a o' 'I C u o y 4 C 'U j ~ 10 t + ,I t l, a ..e. '[ m \\ _(-, p

u.- .; ~..,.- ,~ +.9, O) .x,_

y.. &

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~g, 04 CC d i;.y

n..e..,~r.: .,.....

.,.v Eh ~ ~" ~ n.. ..,.....,,,. G.! *T * * # ~ : t ?., : t %,:m., >., .. y '.T e,;><.s s., ;:e n.:e vn ,; e. ,.,, 0 m n n,_W m.t g.u.n. ...'bt- '.r...,

:p

~~~ E .s g-3 won e,. .r. v. s o. *

so..

.m, 4 ..,,,,,,,a->n. . 9 n n 200 3 o., ah n,,,, .o. o n-g.- e, % l,,.. N 9.. n .c"-.... - -.. i

2..,

e., o% u.

a. e

[. 6w.g, ; y,,, w n,. -,f,,

n. T, i,.,.> m - o. 4.,

.g

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6.,, ~

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v w

,Nw3.$*T

5 Yvac,, $

's

~

a 'd d e,,s,. 32;ymy~r..,, - g. 3 s ~o, e 2 o .o ~ U.5 'E Eill il llj!.!,_! i, r.i..;..y.i. !!. i~ '. l J. .n,. a u.s u.s o r: u 4, e,. 1,;==t e.,. .a y ~g ~ :1

- j,.

~~

.;q i

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.,,,,n = n ~~ i .g g - ~ = g a :, n. n .s n y s> a w m

g~*

,f g y. s

I.: .

f ,' ~.., ^ g.: 0* =F. 13 .,- ~. -,,.-*I. E .g ::- ~ .~.,e. 2 5 .o . g g m,, I y *~ g .g . ~ ~ ~ ' ~ - g { I r g e t,[ i g -nX <@ 4Y i, *t. -*. 3 " " 2., 'g .g. 8 ':3:g, 4 .x. i -g a s' ~ $ $ ~ ~.,1~ 232.s.!. I l - 11 P g *. * : .n.Y 28 p.'.'. ' 9 -

c.

?. D. 2 l i n.f. w n

s. - ~ g.3 8

= s \\ y2. i.g... 9y: e n:, 2at y *. 9 3 g '. Ez a :c 3 8 --

g > : > '-

'~ a ',.. n ag v s a-4.92 g,y :.: e nas y$ :. ~, i j ~a.: 4 ~ ~ x. e g p"'u 2~ a 5-u 66'4 w. [ nn i ..,,,y,.o.re., 9A .+ w. a t l 4 '. l 4 h 9 I ~~r .+'g* - i .f f. 's.4.,., O -, '4 x = a s p M g v.,rs.h u,. ~-.,. - L..1 w.x._ i w,,g. p.pg y.. _ .. p,. r,.t. q;u.,n i

s.% y.~

. z

p no.,t
j. -,.--,-.'U b h,h (,4s,'*/,1l g,p, g,7

'd ,,Q

E

O s een --.4 . e-e s. i t \\; Table 2. __s,. (Continued) -I Dec en t ee t ma t t eE 'f I Cenerte $ubettate Comtestaation' Ceattag $yeten Mfg.g Type' Material. (r/he) _ beter egne. __ Ac t e Sc rwt .-:ai (or, nr } (Lf } (erimr J (ct ) g??) ' ) 6L. Plesite,7130 a-le b d. p%.. Steel 2.6 15 - 1(.G. 22 6.! tit [- 'i s . y k?. - Phenoline 23;t-53 Concrete 2.6 ar. 54' $3 o.(. gh 2 b d. p%. Concrete 27 'tJ 53 24 Et f, &c. Me,16P3 ever l'teetcete 3 I taar. Steet 32 29 *. l.1 51 s 3 i - ' 57 % t *' 47. No. E6 primer, Iso. 33-H3 1 V s te'e t 1.f 1:0 10 53 * ' g.e e,, 't U 't. - 1; y, O T 3 kl., pe. *$ primer, No. EE conc re te 1.6 323 5.( [b

31'.1 21-

= 1 V steet 2.0 .1500 13 ^ 60 525. E 69 Chee.Pon 2313 ( Cp-ee steel 0 923 162 51 $6 . ;.e t-t< T b. ( 5;. m,*.223 7E n 6 tp steel 1.1 r .i fl. Chen-Pen 23th MP ( Ep -en Steet 0.E(3. 15: 6.1 71

2. '.

1!. /' ". 5 ..j 12s 72 66 -. 1.: 13, f3

72.

Diartceto so. 3 -

t 1 Incr. Steet 2.1 IE00 15. C.$ '6V '.t A ~ ' , l,. Floor end Sench Top Covering

i

-} U 5 1. ISO Shell top Wo. MSM}) t!

3.,

- S } e 2k' tt; 17.2 1 th; t, 2,'..T 2. End*ossed tile (plata) '1 V 1.t 12; 13

I 120

,1,; ; ' '4

3.. No. SW-TC4 tile (pletn).et),

Embossed tile (welded jet ' l-V 1.7 11; 13 12 97* 1.I. to, V 17 3.. $.7 3. 1;. .t No. SW.7t4 tale (welded jotat) 1-V 17 1 70. 13 9 tt-1.s g htches, with carbon (temted) 12 i Steet 2.k $20 4.6 1;k c; 8 hfeties, regular 12 steet 2.( t40 + 39 6 11: 6. Tu fches, with certen 12 ~ steet 20 7K - 32 12 (p 7. Tufches fleet surface (troweled), 12 .ii St* al 25 76C. '33 13 132 E. Tessera Carlon tite fee. E6;k? 11 V 27 66c 4.1 20 23.' 9, wrplate sheet 1 V + 2.( $60. 4.(

)3 1.*

.I 8 + ..

Costing attacked by the 3 M HM0 3 decentestaatten setetten.'

,, g i. . 1. Manufacturerr Y[ A 1. Amercoat Corp., 201 North terry St., Bres, Calt f. 3 N 2. Carboline Co., 32 Hanley Industrial Court. St. touts, Mn. . Cellcoto Co., kb32 Ridge Road, ClevolenJ f, Ohio ( 2

., i-

k. -Devid E. tant Corp., 133-0J fla t Ave., Ja astea 16, Long telsad, s. Y.

Pittsberth Plate Clase Co., Cateway Center, Pittsburgh 22, Ps. 't ti. Ples-Chen Corp. EITT Maple Ave., st.1.mts, m.

f

,/ ' '7. Stka Cheatral Co., 35 Cregory Ave.. Pase:ec,18. J. 6. U. S. Stonewere Co.. Akron y, Ohio i 6 t i - ) _, a ,.4 l6 .'t,.. g-l

$, P

.,g a e N g s s .g

~ q

r.

-.r. s. 3 s 'a - Table 2. (Continuedi ~4 s i< i r i s s-a ..g. ? ' Mme.facte5 err (C..ttsused) "a. , 1. ,eg .i 4 9 Wither.ad killt.se C.., new n.d by Steeley Cheeteel, Otvies.n of the St.gtey Works, t.et terlie, C

e.

1C. Wise.neta pr.teette. C ttes C.. Il}6 West M.e.n St., Green B.7, Wise.

7 i~g" e 7. 3 e

11. Armstreeg Cork C..,

I ne. ster, F.. -c e,

12. penne.it chemical Corp., s. tron., Pa..

+ { i .i. 9 - 'a* r.' e l}. 't. n. sh.lden C..,9tashegen, Mich.

,c.)

s. f, .th. Sp.e. White-Ind.etriep,.te)$ Etts.beth Av.., Rahway, N. J. ,e , 4. - ~ Ep.p.. Ep.my, p.lyneide cured {'. * .= .i,y - + 4,- i s e a.. 2. Cenerte Typet 4'f,-, /{ 1..

P., '...

r. + r.C. ef n'- - y (( ' s e 1 e 4 - ,( 2-

^

'4* Ep e. Ep.wy, seine cured j-N- g* s Ep . Epony (e.te.eknown) '.* + / , D 'd. s .*l ~$ ',(h. '. el M84 ph. Modified phenotic , ~, ~ i- ' 6-pe . Petrester, ~ e'

L

,Iner.. Inorganic. M 4 (.- }. i. i V - Vinyt ~ 2 1 ,( [. i- .. c. ' ". *. ' r ,1 ,1 7 b .,fe.

4.4 s

p.- L Dreent.etnatteet sg. ' 1' The rette et the o nt ef'eent..tment (mixed itsstim prodvets.r Ce pr*, zr-MbM, ska#') tw th. nt red by. 2<nte t s 5 .' 4f., # *

).

w.t.r rinse f.11 owed by,$0 ser.bbing str.kes with. sof t bristl. br.sh to 3 M, HMDs. r f.

r s

s *V g

f.

't b. Roentgent. r.dt.tt even th.: + p, the.untated corpuc.ter. tuta.t o.mten. er er tr pr.4.cu, to - f. nn n,.e. red e.c.. so- .te, t e e.rrytne 1.tner...ine uit.r,..ntity or.tutetetty or.ither. ten. et.rption.t I 7 7 ersa.f rest.tten enerey p r sea.f.tr (3. e, re.tred per ten p.tr), t.e ener. tic.n.e.y med -edt .s.- thte. ntity ten te prod.eed or th.

y v 4

g p q '3. ',,; s.=. red t.t t *= - 4 i + s...; L.,'s .g ,1 .r/h, (.tlier.enesen/h e).. c.4t. tt te e..r..ent e t to.n. th ...th er. e.e. tee. r '. 9 .. g ]*. is =. ~ ~ s .s . c.- /,- %./, o ...i s i., .v 3 y

t. -

9.,. ..h ;[,. -s

h 5s s

'f. s .,s. t 0 . ;*j

y. j,

1,3.y.. ;..

~f. g 'I.. g. , t, .t3 + 4, r.. ~g, ,.r-. * :p, =/ - .p

s....

.,,3.. ; y i.. ,.,g 3....sg.w;-, g,. _.s 4 u, .v e c -, y, n^

y.,,

s. 4,,. ,,i,*.., 9.,,......n,. s ~ $o + ~e -g

- .'.- Q., 4 y

J c.,.1.. ,p- 'g + 1** f N '. 73 -.; f, l[ b y -cg 3 hs i;. 1 a' -5 ...t,, t 'l g = **. di ?.,i. f.i .f- .,e...6-. e..r. p.. 1 ,f g 4g .;'"7 'l'

*y.,

. g e 6 e y v'e # fy -I,5 t _ .',..'.at 4 .y et g. >g* rp, %g .n, y, 'a '.'s -4 ,,4 r, t I i o d.', -) e. s ?- e,, , e..a .,, S ', M ' ',~... ' Q. 4, (4 ;4 -'e I.. 1 .)* .I'. l .t .s, s ~..i ,s " p 7 e t.- z s.;. f e. r4 g.- i .s s .q. i 4 g .g t.. n...._ r i V e v , a a I

- ~. -. ___ ^A.._ . r ,,, y.,., v _ ~.,. . p,. ,,j. ;,, ,s-.a - l . w ~ i :ppw..::.;:.. l .,, & q.

, *,w r. >: -

so.; ; r I ,p.... ,, 3,,, y. - - m i, +. r ....., 7,,.. e a.. u . u., q, n ; a. - ~., - - Di s, +.o. ~... ' , y ." ',. ~ ;' ~ 4 ,,, j t. - P,. ;,.. + l y 5., REODMMENDATIONS jr. ..e.. i tion,' ts, res.istance to gassia rad a 3 ...,,. 3..: ~ a. The protective coating evaluation tesale'd several coatings acc ,~ + l for hot...i - .. ~. s-c N and case of decoatamination, reve s., There - are probably other co st, - ' ~. ' i L j '. { J[' i Laboratory,and fuci p'rocessing facilit c 3 the; test l program did not l perm t a. X. 1 'ings'with' equally good properties but Some typical areas and the_,,y ,C <s - i 'e g; t rials. comprehensive' testing of, all.su e f.. i gs (listed in decreasing order'o. :. ,. u.- re. commendations of protective coat nld give adequate prote as follows: ?I test performanc'e) that wou 2, ~ in areas such as hot process A_rea I-and steel surfaces located spills, oxidizing acids, decon - Concrete l soluti~on cells subjected to radiochemica submergence in deionized' water an d impact solutions, periodic 'ge canals tamination te' handling tools.. Fuel stora ~ deionize (. abrasibn from equipment 'and remobjected to continuous immer h and fuel examination pits,su from heavy casks and fuel segmenting water plus impact'and abrasion ~ w'ith Fiberglas fabric equipment. . b~ 66 epoxy system ? .(1). i An rcoat No. Coatings: i )_- ~ _.(Amercoat.Corporatonwith Fiberglas fabric,(Pittsburg -. h k (2) UC-9647 epoxy system Plate' class Conpany) 7, ' ' f g + 'Y dceilings,inhot. process,l' ~ Ard II and steel surfaces of walls an bject to etc. and floors of hot areas.not su, . Concrete ~ s ' cells, decontamin'ation room, ~tCorporatio'n)' heavy. cask handling'. Amercoat No. 66. epoxy systein'(A (1) " (dm Coatings: Amercoat No.-74 epoxy system ,, f, O . (2) s . ~

l-.

l' ( q "f,. .r 07 ^ ~ ~ ~ ' ' - <. _ - _, 13N a.7 r9

l .n ...,,...n.. i .i..

r.,

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?(h) :Colm1.Protec .. y . Company) f Company) 647. epoxy system (Pittsburgh.PIste Glas ,.. g.,., '(5) UC-9 (6) Tygoweld,No. 54-60 epoxy syste;n system.(Wisconsin - a y e. lic E (7) Plasite No. 7155 raodif ed pheno - Q. 9 ) Protective Coating' Company i con-tivity' areas subjected to Area III - and steel surfaces in low ac affic.. and abrasion from light tr(AmercoatCorporati Concrete .ids tenination, oxidizing ac(1) Amercoat 86-99 vinyl sysiem d 9 ] Rustbond '6-C primer, polycla f Coatings: Company) c (2) ) vinyl system (Carbol ne (David E; Long Corporation) i Series "A" vinyl system l system with a silicone (3) RO-221 primer, TP-216 vinyCompany). (4) agent'(U.S. Stoneware 31 DG vinyl system-I release (5) Rustbond d-C, primer, polyclad 93 - u. ~ m (CarbolineLCompany) .'t' ' located in " Area IV' and gypsum board surfaces contamination and ter Concrete block, steel, plas lly subjected to areas, but are potentia i .non-radioactive ('AmercoatCorporation) agents.- resultant decontaminationknercoat 86-99 vinyl system (1) Amercoat 86-88 water base v Coatings: (2) ~ Corporation). O e J e p g. t J e = *

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.. s.. s ..,., -. 'w ...,n .,d." a: - a. u g..,. g.a.,; .x', a' ..-tr.. I e:- - ~ -.- ~. . ~. _ _ . " ~ r,.. ; 7...,..,, .'. 3 }. 3 *. f - t ,..,. s i e ,~. .e e ..(3), Rustbond 6-C primer, polyclad 933-1, polyclad *1200-20 p-s- - ' vinyl system (Carboline Company). } ~ :- - (h). Series "A" vinyl system (David E.' Long Corporation)' ~ ~.v(' a ;n ' c, ('s).3(U '41 primer, Tr-ifl6, vinyl. system with,nfsIIIcony' ,t rel' esse. agent (U.S. 'Stor.cwafe Company) . ~ (6).. a. Nukemite 2+0. vinyl system (imercoat Corporation) ;,. .,. ' e.J~,., y,' 9,;c.,,,. ' (7) Amercoat 86-33RB' vinyl system (Amercoat Corporation) i 6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . m. c The' authors wish to acknowledge the ass'is tance of J. A. ' Jones, el al., Isotope Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in scheduling and attending the saraples during irradiation; J. W.' Chase, Chemistry 'Divis. ion, Oak R'idge ~ National Laboratory, for radiation intensity measurements.; A. B. Meservey ) and D. H. Newman, Chemical Te.chnology Division, Oak Ridge National Labdra-tory, for decontaminability measurements; D.~ E. Willis, Chemical Technology ~ Division 3 Oak Ridge National Laboratoryf for handling and preparing samples; 'and the v' rious protective coating manufacturers 'for' coating arid supplying a ~ the test specimen's... ,7 ~ _.:..,-- ~ ~ 7.' . APPENDIX . gf. - . g! 71 Radiation Intensity or Dose' Rate 4 c, - f g Specimens of. materials were. exposed to gamma radiation in the ORNL. 4 1 cob'a'lt storage fac'111ty where there are varying amounts 'of Co60 becau'se of-the shipping and receiving' of cobalt by the Isotope Sales Department. w Measurements of the radiation intensity in this f acility were made,when the quantity of cobalt was changed so that accurate exposure cal'culations l could be made.. \\ - i-j ~ e r ---c..m-~..r=r----

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p r-9.

ensity or dose

r mined by exposing 15-m1

, measurement of the e .i. aliquots cobsit was deter-In sulf' uric acid,"to thd of 0.032 M ceric sulfate center . source. 'the sanples in solutions, 0 4 M. ' in -t he exposure to ...ol'the radiation r.1nsa bottles .e. cavity and rotated during a'2 were placed ensure,a,, uniform exposure.j'.., from the equivalents of C 4+ Intensity or.,b -to 6 hr. -dose wa.,. vm c co putc.d . f '- -1 reduced,,as determine'd by' s titration with standardi c g zed FeSO cnalysis~ of the Ce4+ ion 4 solutions, - potentiometric,, equa tion: 6 - Yield values (molecules por by' spec ..c-s, puted by the er 100 ev) were com. G(Cc l 3+) = 2 35 + 0 37( Ce +-)N. Dose 4 values in water were ) potentiometiic titration (F computed by the followin 3+)da'ta: I g' equation based on e Dose (ev/g) = NCe4+ - NCe4 + x ' A 0 whsre: -Gxp NCe4+ = normality of unirradi O , = normality of irradiated C 4+ated Cc + solutionf m. NCe4+ 4 -I' c A = Av'ogadro's solution for time (t),. number (6.023 x 10 3 2 G = yield of Ce +'in molecules her mole), ', 3 , -p =. density of 0.h M_ linSOmolecules per 100 ev' absorb d-E-.*' g* e, Notei 4,(1 024 '~ /cc). g 1 roentgen (exposure in w th) g i a 1. ~5 81 x 10 3 = ev/g'. o ' REFERENCES 1. G. ' A. We's t and C. D. Wat .insted Pr'otective C son, Decontamination Testi oatino;s, ORNL-2811 (' Apr ng of Hihhly Coricam-V; 29,19h0). i ~ i e e O d f 9 ' ~. ' 3. e

r. ~ ~~ t. 33. p-2. J. C. Bresee el al.', Canna Radiation ' damage Studier of Organic Protec. i i r tive Coatings and Caskets, ORNL-2174 (Oct. 29 1956). 3 C. D. Bopp and O. Sisman, Radiation Stability of Plastics and Elasto-(Supplement to ORNL-928) OdNL-1373 -(Feb.1,'1954 ) p 68.

mers,

( l is. EN. J. Brodway et al., The Ef fect 'of Nuclear Radiation on Elastomeric . +. and Plastic Materials, REIC Report No. 3 (May 31,1958). 5 C..G. Hunger, Amercoat Corporation, private connunication (1963). 6. C.J.HochanadelandJ.A.Ghormley, Rad.Research'll 653 (1962). 7 J. Q. Chase, private communication, Chemical Development, ORNL' t (1963). t t l I l I o l 4 y I I 9 8 e s

.d s

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O ^ m ' e e 4 a a s. g N 'l --.e L.V.. ' a \\ O _W, * } ;, fg ',_ 3 y

~ .:. z ' ~ 't ~* .Ot ~ ' s READING LIST '? 1. . C. D. Watson, "Decontaminable Surfaces and Procedures 'for Hot' C 5th Ibt Lab. Conf.', TID-5280 (Mar.12,1957). 2. P. C. Tompkins, 0. M. Bizzell, C. D. Watson, " Practical Aspects of ' Surface Decontamination," Nucleonics 1 4 1 No. 2:42,54,87 (1951). .3 C. D. Watson, T. H. Handley, G. A. West, Decontaminstion and Corr osion Resistance Properties of Selected Laboratory Surfaces. AECD-2996 (Rev. ), (Aug.29,1950). h. R. Lloyd, _Decontaminability of Structural Materials and Surface Coat ggs for Use in Nuclea~r Installations, WAPD-PWR-CP-3052 (May 1957). 5 L. A. Harrocks, The Effects of Nuclear Radiation on Military Specifi ca-tion Paints, WADC-Tech. Report No. 57-186 (Nov.1957). 6. Radiation Effects State of the' Art 1961-1962, REIC Report No. 24 (June-30,1962). 7 E. L. Colichman, J. C. Strong, "Effect of Gamma Radiation on Epoxy Plastics," Modern Plastics E (No. 2),180-86,. 232 (Oct.1957). a i 8. J. B. Wattier, D..M. Newell, L. L. Morgan, Effect of Reactor Radiatio 1 n on the Engineering Properties of Elastomers and Plastics, NARF-62 ST FZK-9-17h (June 1962). 9 J. C. aresee le la., "D amaging Effects of Radiation on Chemical Materials," Nucleonica d (No. 9) 75-81 (Sept.1956). 10. C. D. Bopp, and O. Sisman, "How Radiation Changes Polymer Mechanical k Properties," Nucleonics S No.10 51-55 (Oct.1955). 11. J. H. Kleinpeter, A Comparison of Several Protective Coatings HW-56908 Rev., (Feb. 20,1961). + e } yqw4"[f w-m MMT4 Q

I Y

' ' ~_ _ --. ~.. _ +w, ~ ~ . ~,. ~ .. t ~. Lyg_ .. ~. ss,.New York, and Polymers, Pergamon Pre i n A. Charlesby, A'tomic Radiat o W l Systems, Interscience /12 19 0 stry of High' Polymeric y ~- ~ ~: 6 i A.'Chapiro, Radiation Chem 13 6 Publishers, New York, 19 2 e a 9 N S ,k + -l l h-1 i f s e 0 e O. e A

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97. Ruse 11 Saldock 128. W. R. Mixon s

98. J. E.,Bigelow 129. R. G. Niemeyer

99. G. E.'Boyd 130. A. R. Olsen 100. R. L. Bradshav 131. C. L. Ottinger f

101. H. R. Brashear 132. F. L, Peishel 133. T. H. Row 102. E. J. Breeding e 103. J. C. Bresee 134. J. L. Scott 104. W. D. Burch 135. John Sease 105. T. A. Butler 136. M. J. Skinner 106. W. E. Clark 137. L. E. Stanford 10'/. G. A. Cristy - 138. J. R. Tallackson 108. F. L. Culler 139. D.'3. Trauger 140. A. M. Weinberg 109. F. M. Empson 110. J. L. English 141. D. D. Walker 111. L. G. Farrar 142. H. K. Walker 112. D. E. Ferguison 143. C. ' D. Watson. 113. B. R. Fish 144-173. G. A. West 114. P. A. Gpadt 174. M. E. Whatley ' 115. P. W. Hembree 175. W. R. Whitson 116. P. G. Hendron 176. P. H. Emmett (consultant) 117. F. T. Howard 177. J. J. Katz (consultant) 118. L.' N. Howell - - -- -- - 178. C. W. J. Wende (consultant) 119. G. F. R. Johnson 179. C. E. Winters (consultant) EXTERNAL DISTRIBWION .,^y180. Research and Developnent Division, AEC, ORO 181-802. Given distribution as shown in TID-4500 (36th ed.) under Radiation Effects on Materials (75 copies - CFSTI) e. P 4 k G

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h we cell areas obese espeitsamt.el cheelcel psocess.r.m N

Q . r....- s ....re,e,orta ei.e.be,e.'e,a e .. &.. v... 1 w .c.,,.. n. q ' i.or a.w coe*, phenolic, polyester, vim ~yl. and ' e..[lp;J.4 n.ge: 3 S t Epuy, med&d ,. r.

o. m. eo w so.= = ao

. ore -a. w 6e. we a S

i. *a.iew..e. to e6 * -,...e a w v.#.

,. e.ca ** ik.. e, di. e s.re is ww.. .ien i.. ace. ,'j m ;a! ~ Pte. 17.186 Peooake Dee. Seee se Venees C gamme source at latemalties fsem 0.9 to 100 m lo' s/hs. ,t ee=*ee se e Fe.emen el one Osse se hem e (Anne Polmeh remalte Indicate that the apery, , 4L modified phaealle and inorganic aime pistective %[ ' *

leoe pee Flsole. So ree of II8 coatinge are nose austetant to Esmuse rediattes Q
I than the oSer generic types tested.

,\\ hl .. v. t ,g ' ' ' '. 4, ?.,,. ',g;. G h vinyl coettsgs, althee - ( )~ comesete. captse asummas are the primary con. to radiaties as the eyesjes, $ est as sostatemt [",1, c J were more seeletant tithates to the total dose when the concrete 6um anticipated and should be essful ha many g 'f. s ,r- 'll I E 7 tMchneen encoede 110 to 13 cm. [ decantamisability.sypticattene, particularly eisce l A.' i N calculated fame-eentres dose rates in ethes A usenery of te esp.veted >A ,,,g,,,g,,,,g,,,,,,,,g3,g, g'gg,,,g g '.d '*18p..)c' concretes, of ansneed rw tien s ese la & Tshie 17.1. ase shees en Fis.17.M. h cake. 1 Tablee 17.2 med 17.3. Tame 17.2 hlveo dae he ' y tened feet euteen emme seses are very dependant

*ti ^ '.

A '_ em siihen m contage me mihmee . j# 4 T5*j ' d il ,,,,,,4 y,g, gy,3 g,,gd le dehalsed *

i. en the bydroges comenet of 6e concretes, and, to I

,g,,, gg,,, g, g, g,,,,,g,,,, g,. g. f'f. ', f d g.,'g , g',,g, 'p a les ser e ast. a the

seel desalty.
g,,,g gj,,

' Q

g. ""c,, 1

.g. ".I, . g g st- ).dyd as bee failed te pm.tdo e met ime timem ra '2 'b '?. d w seed antice sey won,',.W _ l '.lA' comed - 17.M 138ADIAT10st AMD DECONTAdeletAT8086. es. crew i '* EVALDATICB4 ft1T5 0st SELECTfD. PA0T8CTIVE CoATIBecs/,,, -, doeip ed to pestect.

h. ' e J.(.'.. q {(jj.(l N.Yg t

,<E'G N polysmid.cerod eyesy' emertnes were ;more t' ,' ; 9. p ' Y g ' seeistant i eaa.ea.= sham the. hse m enske 2 .1. wese e,ateseed in, toestaan damage and doces. g g g,,, g ....... gf.j b. . Mective Costamp and other plaulk Eteleride c bp se 1 , u l,'s , Ce s===e.ee.ce e,I,w.e < aape e " 6 s ameras.,.,a,,possers g3. / cam g g, g .Y

~

d r., e

a. r -. anzt.ame cr, e c '

~;- ' godletles, and 3 N tesO was seed to clas ' a seash e.u,. O f., a,... v% , e, 3 ' +

- a

/s... t '. 6,6 s '..,?, y e ~- .n s .y, i. ;3, s. .,' Q. o g. ' e.

- a) 4

, r.gs b es ' S l N l~e- 'f g gj \\ .e g s. ,, - *N, 4 .k p,- ? * '

~- *.

A ~r eM,'. ' *r, *: '7.ne, p ' te ,'i 4, .-. s ; ' 'f i y, L.'-jd y.*%;*. Y. l nn.,,; y - ,o ',. g,, tg. K., /,,* / ~ <'t .., '.;. rh ir f 6. 't ~ fa,l. j.. g,.: n' Q 4;., Q'*>$M, R'. I i.-. e. s. .s . e.. .g ,. ~ 3 *. ' ..b.**. L 7 g; 4, w. 'a'.. +;. p /. ' ~ ~ n,,.. a,

- - S..

w ] . ~ ,...p m. c 'es.a 'e* y,...,. '., _. -;., y *..s,, - s .,, t,. ~ K,'4. ~.,4,..., ~.,.. > g" :v :,, .:q' R) . s, . :n .e +, . ~, y h%s .(',. +g-T,.. ~ o f,$'- 'j

b
* ? ?YA

9..., x. y- <s.

~

- s.#$,

, e p'. eg. , g ',i.,.**.m. s,, s O g,j , "[ e . A.q, .<6 s.,. e .,9 h 5 .g

"'?'4M**"'o p h..rs -ekss-=*,feh.*

- h >

~" '"" d.'.Q f ;ji'.G,w.-- -"** f 5 m. . a. ),. qF l l r,ql....* s' e $,,., 4 y; : n.. e.... < g

4

- w 1 s. r,. ,, a, e,,- :L : -. - e g e fL. <}' . :. - s. <.,. 1,x. ~.e: s... , 2.s:

e. >

).sr. ..', *n Ly;. < r; (.. e

. - j '. -.

t. r -

r. s +

e z h., ~. l....; 4.L.:,.,. 2. 5 kl, :, - a %. ' ' '. ".3 =

r. t ' h Q.)fy*'f.ff}e.

,e.. 2.' R; <,,s, ~, Q,k,jQK*,~k,, 2., Q-Q_ go. j4 p,; % .R. w g'.'.4.lj 2 a t 1 L.. - ;,....n. f, [ J Vs.f..Y..zJ.T.n;..}gr *,... p !'nj'.,3. ..i 'a E-f s.,.'~.L,.f *' y,.<....y. ..,..., : o.n-f.5.... ....C. ; t. ', - P, *.. s...%. r;&.,,. a .o -.~. ,,.1 v ' aj.. g.s..g.. ~~t*;3.-r t.<n~ 8.. W.* ^. ;-?;~.y ,w ~ g *s ' s r- .. y p,. t1. 1 (.n r - o u v. } f't '.y/. >%,'.7 a4 ^ ' e,' w m:

4 5

t. A ', r u %:.a.. f rA q*e+ n w>9 r**. t'. -n .c ' - - a < e.y .s,: * .!}., e s.- '. 71s.. ' m....e.

e.. s..

. p.,n, c N e ', '.,.f. t'. o .t e ~ ~ ' '. * '.: a-2w ~. : . x. r.~,f.s;et3 J:. %'. 'm = ., A. m,.:., t ; . v. n.. w.:..,,. m,- 7 ..e - u.;.. .o . y f.,,e..

~.

c 2 t. sc.- g). ? i, DJf.,. '.)[* V ;( '.a j 9 %. ',s.c. ,3./ .,??.

y 12

'Taban tr.s. o no e-semien Lo.eis es indsh ta e,ser, an.an.d Ph sie, and viers P,.who. : / -A e... Ceestmee Fested ehen bm.ormed in D.senseed Weew t, e..... t.; s. 4., . A s

,.... ! 1
' e '

,r,- 4 '.4. ' n .t- '.f, - .. ~, ~ s Typee is easiasm . amnes.eseen ' Times m.m. ~ },'a,",7 1, w e, e . 8 + .h. g.h...'( k tesato'e*..;[ k,s, y, k,.J!f, ., ; <;3. m,... s.a. seem e. ca. -'3...- ) *Et ' '. money'*?.J. ? he==.id us, seese ,., 3 3 ...t, . q. , e' [,,,. - apeep 4.7e m le' e D. ]5. '. ~ f V Amme t Casp. fp me. f e.e6 Spee *.,. /e.p, t

8 -

. e.. s .... -c, , ;- t, 41 m se' e ',' s. a*M M - Piessee 7 ss 4.. * - me. am Poseeeis,. cesense A semesse emmense. ' J -.c W .., e,., ' Q. g ,t Le4e a M e,. *, ~ 4,.'s $ < q.;~h'..,i.9 .p; Amameese Casp. . Apese r-me.e w syssee,. s., r ", * '*jg. A*?.' {..,Pj Cee. anne ses.3* Catlesse Co. Rymmy L3648 m le' e g. L. e.y (.Passessure Plate Olese Co. Bomer 3.38 m M e -s ~. ArD*.*9: e. 4., w..,.'*.. a 8, IJC ete7* ^< ...l ,s,. T -a E 3 UC lines * n., a Le6 4 30m te'e ' ?. !. y3 Ptusene > Ples. Caese Ca. Speer emesete.. see.aen e, e-es, smaand peneine i.ee-i.i = ne' e 3-f - ~- _. 4 5. ; s 3, ;" .t Phameuse 3 enc 3.aen syssen* ' Ca4ename Ca. mmenad pheme4&e LS L 34 m M e* f[ 3 a

e. a

. ' aseed s. i.mo c.p. vues es,e = se' e . S. ' l., ~ '..m., ci.:4.l ?. ^ case. lwiert e.e a se'e M \\y. i shoo.ee eresem o.- e. L... Oyy A= 1. ^ a ca.p. waart ' e e a te", .h ,1 . ' a e' : n.s sw mesarme=

c

, ,.' < ;, ' '^ [4. 1.Q;. '4

rre ese meere es eeamen.

. t. .. m ,.,1,'..c.,. p./. - a. . Table 17.3. Ge==no le ed6eenes Le le es ebeeb 9 spery, an=dsfied Phemelle,leeremmae,

7. '. i N '

O.l ' ',

M and vieri Pe eeege,e Ceee6 ace Fested ehee Isredeced le A4e ,p u. y .'4 '.*f -q v -':c 7ppe asemaannem , Time, p e p., ' *s' f me fe.44 e.s n* Amerce a ce,. spesy 23 m le" e ss., sede eresen* Am. ween corp. spear > t a le" e '^ d.". A. ' i v..,. - 7*4 r . s. u .c 1 Pheaeme see tresse caneuse ca. an ened pomeine >t a se" r- . i. - e A,..,.s*p )' i >>m,e .m 4+ . e .d W ) Y c P.e..e..e. c.~ e c e.i c. e, s 1 >l a te e .1 pe, seco.en Dimeirene me. 3

a carp.

taessemie.i ' w.,. .y . i

d e e sp Be' e

. >. i. sy. f. ~. - pse, es.co eyesem Amoreese Casp. Yhmyl s .Y,fS* 4e u 88' e 2 meethe=d Preen 5 GC. Polyeled Cah 8ame Co. Vesp4 zc. .. ' "..,.A.* />, m.. on.s. Patreted 12es.2e sveien pe. 3s4e s,ean Ame eems coep. vtavl ? 4 as a ne' e F-..L

f,...'

y Senes A Deved E. tese Corp. Vimpi AN u 38' e ..,'.-,4,",., p.4 y. e .. 4 2 n -,,.,O,. .i.. g, L...,

i

g, ,t ;

hme een ned wie Pear slee- -

,y .v, .w .g 'fs (. camings whom lameteed is a=6=tand weses. by rad alles den suposed he a6s Sam.when = 4 Howirver, this attimase seeistanet dayemas en die ~ immersed in de6emised werer. - J, , ] 7.. t.. + type and anomat af Allers, additives, and sati. M e'contieg to sotaimeced etth FlWas fabete,,'

. 4,

J.a 4., = ^ r i emidsste need, and the caring emedtions. ha 64 is geneestly mese semissant to redsstiam is.,, j..'7 d' game.al. all ca.tsage sesend weee less anected weser espoenre and sotadas its sosistamco to ime.. ? g. ,g v -k. 4,. ... i .s .n

'ib

? ..;.y

. -. 3..i., %*[.
*. *. m.

f.*,., .. y. 't,a. 3x - = i ,t + . v s." -4 t.,g 8 . i *

).

3 E ', o P.* ,[ s .s ,r, n d. . a.- .a*,- s 'f ,P9 -,,e., ,e.- y-b. y., 2*'s.. c. t . h ;., V., k

ye 4

...i -1,.." ) v-

7. o

_.. = y , f _.t y . ;t,, <. s j , ;

o,...'

.e. -t;* -*ms..', .,.g g u.,' ...t y, 4-- '1

s.

i ~, -*'r, p Wr., -r ~ 3k ti d',, ,y' [, ', 'I~* f i.,;I/.'" u a i .,[, ev t4 , g/p a, ',.. ,4 ,b c,, s-

- 'C J

- *'"**.-***%***'*-a.."e*=e*'gy ,-;". 2 a # .r ..,t ~,e, 'f' ' I","*U '*f"Mn.* **f% **. - - v 4. ' r-y 4 -d' ~ T -,,. g - -* i Tg ,y s '*' g y, s...* I. -t v. 3 ,,j es ;% ; + J....t,y J T ",' D.,1#R li'@n.shayM. .g 1 ?. T. ..u.. n.. .. x,. %. >. e ,. a : g ...y- ..~ .t%,.,,. ,s,....,.- m?.~..,...g,..d,, j. ; ;.>,s,, m m,,, g.g.3..s. n , n.,. r. ..e 4 f . g.. ,r i . ~ A., f... s., !.,: : - y b. 4 , - a . i,.,. i ' : a?. M. L. 4w ;.. '.

a.. u,.,..

W (.., ~., 3 f ..; y.., o,. .3 ( ,- e,..J,, # q... 13. .,.,.j... ,...q

q. g w* 3.y.a.1 g f.r.. y, p n.

l,g.,,,. .un e ... A. .+,4 e(~. - f.

79, s

, p, . ' t o,...n.,,.*. .] v -% 1 i + n% .p ,., - r ..,.n... r t e, g.. n,. .e., ,,. '**), .s. n e ,^ ,.-);,, e v *, *.. n, t e.. .).., %..,, ;,s. ' i, ** ** ~.,. 2% '~g p

'+C.....-

,y..%, m ~;. ,,p (.. u.c a,-.. m_,, .,.' of., a.. .~, nn..~ t n

w. p.d. s i

.P.o. on, d 6 i, de u o .e. .a; .m. , r. 4 - W.: w.

r.,

/,..., l:6.h* E3;.4 y' s T..id, r p .. c i.e. ". v. - v.. rw. 7,.. 4

=

.-r,%,9;: ~ et s a ry,...vnaow u r.c.,- r .-,p,+ -...g: 1,. F. Lft G... .i. @e#.9, y; y.T :.i e. ... 3, > n.,p q q :, z.-%eae%. c.y. _. j, p.. ~. - g g .f. no.n

r. A m s.a,i u.a. s,

".'. c. - .....O/;u ~

.a y'P w.,i Mf.

3.V Mb 1 . w....u. ..e . P;".c., ns 46 ee sy.e * .. a.. q. .v Amoreen C.sp. ' se.sy .e 1s.hs.44 40 'e b, -A F

ve e.3 '

Am.ne t C.sp. Mort - (c' 't.S

i

.., C '.. ' Wa m.a d eC Fv6en. p.a el.h~ C.sb.1$e r a. Th.pi "i t a l. Pwa ci.e 8200 30 -, qsp. - h: r Al y -M. msi n.:. 2

N;.e, c,

7 Notic m.y c y

lmes.onse.4 et. Feb.egt.a.

.5_ ,r.. s g 2 ..i- ,,o g 4 l s,., . -J., i .,, 4 ^J.j wie r. . g.?, ~ rw. M Q,, ' f ~.Q L,- n,., :g,e.<. .t

s v.

,,. ;w, ~ e-y,,. n

c. 4 pact bettet thes an unreinforced coating. New. *,

g. t. p[,'. :a e,ee. Fiborglas fabric does set appese to entend tested. and decostaalaation was dose by Seeb.',

' ' g. gl g the safel life of a costing irradiated is air. On lag alyr contamiested spot with gester, acrebbing it ' ~ \\37. l'g,' the etne, band, dispersion of Fiberales Siles did with 3 N HNO,. and a>enting the eseldeal radio. 4 9 vs '. activity.. He contings were eleo evelmated by H mot e em to imp.ove e coan g's estata.co to - vised observati. physical e.mperi . m.I,.. ;- - ~. - k. ..aw ,l.Q gamine radiation is either water er ele espeantes, measuremes't by coating. evaluation lastsumente ". - W The color of the costlag does met appear to e5ect leebre and after the red 6etion-dematanisselon .#. - 4 ;(W j'.] ~ .4, 6te seelstance to radiatios. Light colere ese neo. - teste. The decoetmalastles factore achieved la ist for light sellection up to about 5 108 el these tests Ier he bor most decoetaminable - 1 ' t '.,. y gamme radiation. Most of the visyl costings were coatings ase aboom in Table 17.4 Im sneeral. - /,9 f M. *,{ mese resistemt to radiaties is als aban is prevleuely 6e visyl and glossy epony coations were te a seported hots. y l, ' tive coatings, a malation of mined Boeien penducts accompliebed best en (1) e base, smoot eco.

*,,,, - O.'Je easleet to demetamieste. Decestamination le
4 Te evaleste the deccataniaebitL% of 6e psetec.

berlag a total actietty of 0.86 to 3.0 r/br wee 4.sosistmit coattag er (2) band. ' ~ *f! posses, and ei nonposess arcoats with e. seat coat eat is ,. 3*,f dried ee the omrface of eed irradiated material easily sanoved by seagents. i. 8 ,. 6.. e F'.e 3.. 6. .a . c r- '6' y q., ;.. f + '? g 1 9.... .,t.___ .-.i, s ~ y. 1 3 ..g d' o ' R .v p ~ 1. 'f

S. I',

','. :,~ g'.., T- .r,t 3 4.,, =. w'.- ,M ( .,e a wJ -.u 2 .t a -,af a @. \\ ~,.g-j ~1A,. '...b 4..;.. t.r.-y ) - 1.,,. .s s .I. m,, ,l .' s

- ' ',. *, (

g g , et,, t t..M,. '2 $,, Q,

g.

.S ....),

,.,,,,, ft,,, ",,,. j.: -,.. f,4 g, '.

- 4s ,g s {. ? 4.f.,., .. jgj,, 4 .t** r-4- e ,, e .... s.i.; ti t 1 j -,3

p.3.

s oN ,t 4sn y J +..,. .p..

i. ; "',.;. -

~ y r. } ,m* n,

,",..,,,f.

ae .f -..v..._ + > b e.. . _........ e%...,, r.x,, 5,. d,. g 4 .....g. 'L. % - A d - g ~' g j 47'f ' 'i 's, L.

'u

~

4 p a

J

[4.'*y ,9 ] H*g -- {* k,...'bj 3 , ' e[ - '. s e 5, ,-*.e A

f
S,h

.g g Q's e 9 e p. .P~ f. [ =, t g l . y c 2...., - g a,

1

~ ' 's, ,e ') _pke s , h '..i. [ ~ p a. is 'I ^; # i 'N ,[ y.. = jey 4.d'... L [ ~- ~ ' .a.

6 ( ( ATTACHMENT D O e ORNL-3945 A e er e e e e m ? ~ ~ ' ' ~ -ma o e w w e e e e 1

0 t l -. i. - s::x, ;. _:.,. g.. . w - 9

.. c..: %...

,r . < w..... j..f. ... +..... >,. y,- ,,,.e.... < w;t..,,.-:,,..,,<,.-., Q..s.. - -- - - ~~~, : t. r.., n.. ., n. o. n n.a;. .t. s.: .,.. w,... r;...., e.., c ,. ~ <. ; . n.. .. _..,o..,.. e r. .....,-..w s .,1 ,) ym j 7,.. a.. n.. ..'(., q f ;,' e. * .:.Q), .e. 9 :e ,, qqqf, e, s.. 4 j,,. . m. ;.,%,:. w ~m asssasso m m ousemuser .f c >,- . y ).. ?,g ;$ j 3 7.'s. '.M

7-crsn PRICIE.,,..

In a cI.saa scIsses assrasers .~ +, .,e ~ ?.

. :" 1

.; & ;.i.,-;:.g ~ ^,v,,..m. . f, { ,,ge., ;w ;A ',o 4 '. -..,;4 1 , :.c - .i. me. s s l ' ' ', r.. ;. f.p4 *, t ;... i, K c.m e no. w a ** ~

y

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5i,

.. - :... 3., -

a. :+

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'.**;,,,L

, Q g,3 g, g y - 0.amml ed - - -, e S.cHen A Old ,,'. g.q'.. . V;. 3 i.: of $scWestI OIN . ?. ' X. g#q'p : g One-Iset D., 4.W >r, ,s.rL;., M. 'Q.. $*,j 'y %. V - fA y, ' 4 g g,,,,, '. o ical D.vder==n' s.cs.n C Old P . *M t -d - L,b8' O

'*d*"

is, E taieley .. D. On d ,I'.b. *. g' N E' u. ,e, m.. a.m. R. E. Besob st'"A - P33*' EI"" $**8'" ' 1..

*W kg

.; y. tseat wonce 1r . ;6. < game aussi een smasses e e a-m - .. sumunes eman sammes es anus. ..,,'g,. sm ese en - . =e se a=== esum a mese e en summmmum .g a sneen am,====mm = _ _ se umummesh summe e as amm. gaf .= - summans a en summum ,'y 4,<. .am.m. .m- .un nsea. e en.ume==-im me s-se.e.r.en es em. .y'p.1 m .e memme ' . gg., e sb a.=mmes se ausman sua summe a en onee e er annuse suuses em es I {.%,* eso e same e.r m = am.assen e.s.e.ns.e suenn aman 4' a n== ===== e m - ammm, er es. I m as me- . e.museo e uma sum aen amm en eme annom er e en - A . er esma.ns esame a. ee- .e ausamme e me emuuses smemmum _ mammeseunassasummee '3 s, _ en -

==

- ;,y f.* t eas e. .g.; e' .,,t .*;,,,,'p'.'..' . 8. a ', ~ 3 y SEF)EMSER 1944 . < y,. -e- -. P.,, 6 T. _ t _ _;,. 4...;. p.,. .1-g t,. ~ .a.,, A.o,, l' .l $'h

?l,~

j-a asses ma,g,,ssiaa. u nenATemy ,..j, M.,'. .ys.-7 n ~" gg ,gemassume ., Tr 3 7 a =mma tr W Cages,e C,WW [?.

l -.

E- = 'L.. ;;.,, ' .ff. e e, .,e., -s e, mG.AT g M eST ,. f,.h .;f,,, ,.,c .,7, ,...h .,. C.,., s'.' [l '.',..,.".. ' ' 'Ek.'.

[

%k -* ^ e, I* g-

c., f 7

,+.s.n..e s .,,tg' y ?]'

- an,

},, ^ ,< h, g,*f'- .I e $$. 4 R "' n. . ~.. '. y. ./.e !.'-2.,C ,..'['.,. g'.' 9 E .) y t,.- -,s " r. ,,s. a,' ',. ., t A.1' i e ~. ,y" N. ss,,,.).- Q.W -#tfs 46 m s i -- 2: z. th,.* *s t ^.. '. ~ '~ ".*. Y. #

r..

t y y1x,.. % : ,n Q 8 t E, g 3 g g - '1', ,.e gg ...g

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1. ~'.,,

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f i l ~ ~ 8 5, a

e Q'h

.L' f-E ., 1 86 p go g g, - - - - - - - ~ ~ - "

. u..l.m ~ r. >. wy,Q.m. p.4.y. f,..-~.,, -.a.u sf s.g..m

w.,

,g -, e t k L s,? f u ziO s Battelle Memorial lastitime, ender s sobree rect, ./- : contaminated with sedleectJve fleeles Ier soienee se an AEC.spessored menosteph. puedmets inom plasse-jet volatilisaties of enteral UO, that had been irradiated to se everage neutsee esposese of d.S e 10. Abset 0.4 curie of total g,,,, 3.5 EVAI.UATION OF R ADIATION RE515fANCg mined.fissies.pseduct gemme sediettee (ener esel, W AND DECONTAMINASti.lTY OF SELECTED tag for sevee doye) wee alsberse la than test. The ..-4 PROTECTIVE COATINGS amemme of sedlemmelades depeelted on the samploe ,. - lN g. !, .._ga Teste se evalease commescial peelective contings

er* Idesegled and messesed by acanales the spec. ' jt

wee messerad and eenpared. The oestanneeste .g 5., c - for ese la reacter containment vessels, speat.fueg loses with a gamme rey epsetsometer belove h j',, ((7[ g w processing plante, and laboratories handling radio. tamlaetles. N sctive materials were conducted by espesing eme-m t A polyester ee. alas e mi d he least enseat of pie costiege to (1) gamma radiaties, (2) felleet of radiommelides; the thsee boot vlayle and eyesies radioactive fleelee puedesta from the plasse jet esteamed shoe 32 and 305 meee sospectively. volatilisatise of irradiated UO, la e 1350-ft' vee. Coattage eshibiting the least retentise of the see ~ eel, and (3) e testetive standard decontaminaties radioenclidae (e sig, suggg, ssey,, assyg, tesg, test. The Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant greep coe- '*8Ce, "Me, es2e Wh. ss'Cs, 8*'Be.La) weso se s. ducted the volatilisaties test with coated spec 6 followe: E meme empplied by the Chemical Techselogy Divisaea. 8-vinyte 4 5. - tedesses.Telerance Tessise see. 33. Am meet casemeuse M sad. ax. sees, no m.d aermeG comeeny Seventy five commercial costlags, applied to se,een.g ame,seet c: steel, againless steel, concrete, and Fibergies. were esymmed to "Ce gemme radiation at as lates. E**='*e 3 ~ mity of I = 10' e/hr at 40 to 50*C la demisevelised see, mi.74p, pie ches caesame. water and la air. Three eeMy tested contings see, a4 74g. Ptee.chen caseeemmen omrpassed the prevleus high (5 a 10' ) radiettee .;i ss.,sz.nass,n and moyeetan resistance' he da.halised esser; these were (1) Carboline Compesy's eyeten K, which commisted of snedia.d ph esse. e senddsed pheestic (Phemalise 368) embedded le pine ela Seit cantou e ceme==, glaea cloth and Pheestine 368 emel coat; this pheseu e ses. caensi.e cameeny costias feated at 8.3 = 10's by blisteiles and lose see. 7,822. f asas, v6ee== san Pseeeris cemen s came my of ansesee; (2) Vasel.l.iee Corporaties's No. 5-O P'8 '***' j o,00 eposy system, sh6ch failed at 8.0 = 10' r by F blistortag; and (3) Amescoet No.1762 with No. 66 s 6,.ad eseee see. saet, saanser chamaces e ( eyesy seel coat, which failed at 7.9 e 10' e by chalking. These le elee ev6dence of impeeved redse. "W N ~ tese en&erence le ear, elace many (19 ef 75) of the see, sa.neet, seene and staresses comesmo mesee continge appear to be serviceshle dear as espeemse of I m 10 e. A semanry of these recent W .-- -., - - ~ * ~ ~ esets se gives le Tahte. 20.1. Deme =*-8. Ame=d ' -, penserei a. Ammmes ca.euren Se,aee of Casemmi.eesee he es e Simeleoed Reasser Emeereses hapseved Tese se Deeenstee Deensemmisehilley ~ % g ,,g ce,,,eg y,e.e of Coetlege esposed la she Isaclear Safet: Pilot Plant to as A standmed (ASTE type) test ime evalsattag the h i..h.twy of protective contings and poisse cs.m. re,*.es. ain Amm. Ps.or Naye. aper Jf,te68, does met now esiet. A psevismo psecedure factaded 1 a mg,.a, yes e. the see af 3 Af (17.2%)1080,, shach is name comme i j l1 aI 1 ^b f

. w.: g 4 s ....L ~..- a4..;,'.,.e,. & %~..i .. a rs =1 -. ...'.4 .s ,2>

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a. -

> ~, ~.,, - y ,,*p s, w. .e t 251 . '7 ,y.d. g o..,. .t I { meathed and removed e morface layer (ma eene et C,H,0, (0.4 N), Nd @05 N), and N,0, @3 the costless. Fe-C.- :. the coat

==es=, male. N), at seem temperatese. (c) esitated ved acid - 9, l ties (e seleuse of mised (Amales preesete le matr6c eel =alam (as aheve) at 80*C. ^, , ~ ', '.J.J-ecid) become som concentseted le matric acid me S. Radienselidee originally depeelted and semele. L,, j, % ,a the solotlee mposeted te drysees en the spect. lag after each decantanteetjes step are mese. J' f mese, egnie seesiting la earface attack and false ered and identlSed by a m spectrem. .. y.., ' eseulte. , 3 A see approach to the evalesiaee of decontam. ~ loability is beleg developed. The specificeuse* Th d=e==neminability of several palate wee ...+ W precedure are W bok messered to evaleete the et111ty of the test, and

1. Conteelemeta comelet of mined fleelee pueducts the seselte oro sommartmed le Tahis 20.2. The from speet feet (20,000 Ned/ tee burney, cooled fisme water week removed all of the a s'Co a a rega, ese year).

and the other contamisente were semoved genere!!y . M.' ', u

2. Centaal===eo are dieselved la 8 m HMO, sale.

to the esteet of 50 to m b all types of onopene. taos, whid is to be adjested to e pH el 4 et Plate glaea wee the meet completely d=e==nant. j

,d,'

g.,, th ume ef appliceuse. 8*d ""'rtal; after the motor week, ao esZr-Nb r= = i=ad Other a== r=== sese est as seedily

Y up abent M of the "Ze-Nb. After the 30*C mild-

' ~ - g",

3. Radiesuelndes to be depeelted as compone

.M es the slane kwever, epoey SX.1346 gave laclude 8**Co-Pr, 8'*Re Rh. '8Zr Nb, med a s'Co e se*Se se 6 e 10' to 2 e 10' die mis *8 acid week, the contamiseste en the glass and Varel. ,73

- - I i

Lite S 0900 had seeched the lower limit of detec.

4. Centeniented compone ese to be amoersed see. ' ties, psovidies an everall decost=t= asia = facter of

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1 I

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ML20041E187

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