ML20032D992
| ML20032D992 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | LaSalle  |
| Issue date: | 11/02/1981 |
| From: | Sargent C COMMONWEALTH EDISON CO. |
| To: | Schwencer A Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8111190465 | |
| Download: ML20032D992 (100) | |
Text
,
- [cN Commonwealth Edison
). orn First N:.tionil P12za, Chictgo Illinois _
G7 Address Reply to: Post Office Box 767
-( j Chicago, Illinois 60690 g
November 2, 1981 dil A Mr. A. Schw'encer, Chief
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Licensing Branch #2 CI M U9 Division of Licensing-Z U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission D
d@/ $$
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Washington, DC 20555 e
Subject:
LaSalle County Station Units 1 an I fG Environmental Protection Plan NRC Docket Nos. 50-373/374 Reference (a):
Letter.to B. J. Youngblood from L. O.
DelGeorge dated January 23, 1981.
Dear Mr. Schwencer:
The purpose of this transmittal is to provide comments on the proposed Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) for LaSalle Lounty Statiun, and to fulfill our commitment to sami-annually monitor the LaSalle aike as stated in 6.3.2 of the LaSalle County Station Final Environmental Statement (LSCS-FES).
(1): Subsectior. 3.1, page 3-1, we recommend that in_the second sentence of the first paragraph and in the i
first sentence of the second paragraph the word
" ---significantly- " be inserted before the word
" --affect- ".
The basis for recommending this change is that these sentences could be interpreted to mean that any change, test or experiment that has any af fect on the environment would be subject to the requirements of this EPP even insignifi-cant and confined to the previously disturbed areas of the site.
We believe that only' changes in design or operation and performance of tests or experiments that are likely to have a change in off-site affects should be subject to the requirements of this EPP.
1 (2): Subsection 4.2.1, page 4-1, Bacteriological Monitoring:
We recomme7d that this entire subsection be deleted.
The basis for this recommendation is that this is the b
o issue referred to in Item 3 of subsection 2.1, Aquatic 9( f Issues.
'As. stated in subsection 2.1 on page 2-2, this
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aquatic issue is the responsibility of the State of 5
8111190465 8111 PDRADOCKOSOOOh3
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?'n
A. Schwencer November'2,'1981' 1111nois.
The' bacteriological. monitoring program, as described in subsection 54.2.1,_would. only be.useful to the State o f Illinois as they ' carry out their responsibilities to determine if there is a_ hazard or permissible public uses for the cooling pond.
The State of Illinois should,
-therefore, develop their,own program to carry _out their responsibilities.
(3): Subsection 4.2.2, page 4-2,~Vegatative Integrity on Cooling Pond Dike:
We' recommend that the last three sentences of the second. paragraph be deleted.
~The-basis for-this recommendation is-that the attached reports, Dike Revegatation Monitoring at the LaSalle County' Station dated June 3, and August 14, 1981, (attached) document virtually complete revegetation of the
-exterior' cooling pond dike.
The quantitative dike
. vegetative study has now covered the past four years, 1978-1981. In this four year period, virtually complete cover.(98.98 percent) has been attained.
As stated-on i
page 11 of Dr.. Voigt 's report dated August 14, 1981:
"The present vegetation is excellent in terms of the.functon of protecting the dike from erosion.
It should remain.'in this high condition for years to comc."
Consequently, in light of the-fact that the dike cover has increased in.each of the four years to a virtually complete cover, we' renew-our request to terminate the' quantitative dike vegetative study at LaSalle-County Station.
We would like to note that an agreement with the Armstrong Run adjacent landowners was executed on September 29, 1981, which
-allows Commonwealth Edison Company to visually inspect the run to determine when revegetation is complete.
A copy of the agreement is also attached.
If there are any questions in this regard, please contact this office.
Very truly yours, (S (b C. E. Sa rgent Nuclear Licensing Administrator Attachments im occ:
NRC Resident Inspector - LSCS
'2796Nl u
4 (312) 294-8515 September 29, 1981 Mr. Lawrence Fichter Suite 430, Millikin Court 132 south Water street Decatur, Illinois 62523
Dear Mr. Fichter:
Enclosed for your records is a fully executed copy of the Armstrong Run Agreement.
Also enclosed are two checks one to Hugh Killelea and Jean Nessinger in the amount of $6,000.00 for restoring the Run and seed costs, and the second check is to Dave Bedecker for labor and machinery.
Yours truly, (3:pei) T. L kdd T. L. Gould Director of Real Estate NJS:sev Enclosures bec:
C. McDonough - Copy of agreement attached 4
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wn."M 8-muuuamum ACttLilG 2i'i WHEREAS: lauCai R. C1LLCLEA muu J141;.11LSSIi.C:.It, horeluut car re' erret.
to su KILLELEA-NESSING12, own f aruland tu aLulle County, Illinoir. uaid farc latu.
being located in the east half of Section li, brookflulu Township.
W11EREAS: COHH0fMEALT1: EDISch C0ftPANY, un Illarmis Corporation, here-inaf ter referred to as I'JISON, owns land la brooLficia Township, LaSalle county, 1111acia, said land being adjacent to the KILLELEA-UESSII;GER f armland inentioned above. Imcated on said EDISON'S land is a cooling lake enclosed by an earthen dike, hereinaf ter referred to as Ti1E DIKE, and a nuclear powered electric gen-erating station under construction.
WNaarAR KILLELEA-NESSINGER have complained to the I-:aclear Regulatory Commutasion, which is carrying on an investigation relative to licensing EDIS0N'S nuclear powered generating station, that allt runoff during construction of Ti;E DIKE caused erosion to stad silt deposits in a portion of a drainage ditcle running through the KILLELEA-NLSSI!!GER f armlaud. Said drainage ditch is knoun as tt.e Arrstrong Run and shall hereinaf ter be referred to as the RUN.
KILLELEA-NESSINGER have engaged the services of a drainage WilEREAS:
contractor to give a firm estimate of the cost of repairing and res. coring Lisa Said contractor agreed to repair the RI.3 for the total aun of $5,000.00 RUN.
and do certain other work on the KILLELLA-ulliSI:'Gi't. f ara, ua.rolatcJ to l'.II.t.tteA-e HESSINGER'S complaint against ELISd!!, f or an adJit loi.al sum of c.or.cy.
j is agreed to t,y an.1 betuceu t;ll.LLt.lA.it.SSI:.C:'It and NOW TdLREFORE:
It EDlSON as to the followings the direction of LOICd.i. Will enf ar.e t no servicuJ 1.
KILLELEA-NESSINGER, at iu it.;.4 and LD ibo;;. upo.,
of the drainage contractor who will repair ni.d rcutoto tr u t a i s.
the execution of this Agreertout, pays to L1Lt.;.13-:a..i'.l..o:a t.ies aa:.:
'1huus an.1 ti,'.ht. ut. arc.& Du11.ir.4 (, 'e...... s
- t. 1 al l i..i t s i.L.x t ioa v. all t.1 1.
t i....
r.- a cora r ii,a a,,
the EDISOsi may havn had, if any, witt, r eyec t to tuo r epair n2 In ail.litio. to the,3 'rt...Ou provi.. acove, j
-- --- -- N GRQ date of this Adreement.
EDISON till p;y $2,000.00 ta Dava lledecker for let>or and ecclitnery fes rers Jina; 8
i Edico. ar,rero of tho RUN. cad $200.00 f cr conto of cect u t:ILt.r.l.rA-tit.SI'. C 2
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that to the exter.t that the l'L:. ca.it be reseudude DUu. Liil pa/ L.0 c.>ut o labor, machinery and seed up to the tina that the vu;;etation ou T.!L ISS askt the RUN has been establiehed as docuranted in accordance uith require.acnts out forth in the Final Envintonmental Stateusnt reisting to tl.a operation of LaSalle County Station Unit Nos.1 and 2 dated 1:ovenber 1978 t>ut11shed by cl.a L.S. le Regulatory Courission. Section 4.2.1, pago 4-6 Requirca.nte 1 und 5.
ET""VAa NESSINGER will be responsible for payuent of ar.y ar.d all 2.
payable by 1[dison, made by said contractor for charges, above the 65.800.00 repairs to the RUN.
EDISON will continue its prograan of planting vegetation on TCS DIKE 3.
1;DISON until there is suffisient sover to hold back silt runoff into the RUII.
will inspoet THE DIEE twice a year, once in the spring and once in the f all, to insure the integrity of said vegetation and take steps to correct such vegetation if necessary during the life of the uuelar station.
EDIS011 shall be graattil acccoa tu cl.o kUll across the s'.ILLCLLA-:!CSSI:;CLK 4.
property at raasonable times for tl.a purpose of conducting the semi-asa.ual insp h
tions of the RU;l as set forth us part of Require.acat 5 iv.antioned tu Paras; rap Lutore EDIS0;I will notify the KILI.LLIA-Ul:S:,I:.Gl.RS or their 'incant (1) above.
entaring the property for a.iJ inspections.
KILLCLEA-likSSINGLT., in cos.uidtration c.f t.ie %,000.0J 1.crein reaivaa I
5.
es.d of the S2,2J0.00 received f or latc.c. ei.uip.at i.e.J t ate rials re c.r.!Iaa re-i rc.. a n c y u.... 1 1 tial111ty seodinr, of the t.rustrong r.us., do huruly st icaw I.:m e',
r.d.i. eu cpt o,w..
!:ition.nl for future wiintaaaace, repair an) routunativu 6 f cl.c f
i ic 11cu ted in l'arapit;i's (1) ubuve, resseding as may reasonably becom tieco.carf aJ
'g except EDIS0;i will continue tu be liable s.t.uuld it Le detort iuad trut ua..:ugea J.. to ceuply viti. oc ts suintain caused to the RUll by reason of a f a11are by r.al
. f lo:.W
.. 'r. 4, ' Lt {Ct..d 1.s I I.i s.-
" -- 3 L1 i- *# sJf 16 u, i l'.hu.L;i f ul
.'il.. ;... t.3 SDd requirW&entS Gut fCrLit 144 Clau /104).a;V I.* o;.:.d.4 L d 1.it.4Ls
.c..I r e l u t L., L a s i.st I
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- .! dat.1.1 !.oveuber.
,. e a t i n n linit Lou.
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m 1978, published by tha U.S.1:uclear Regulatory Cournicolon, Section 4.".1, peso 4-6, paragraphs 1 through 5.
This carcament chall extemi to cud I,o b1 wing upsa the heirs, executors, administr.ators, cuccessure and assigns of tite respective partins hereto.
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This Agreement shall extend to and be binding upoa the heira, adulatu-trators, executors, successore and assigns of the respective parties hereto.
b M
1931.
Dat.d this N7 day of L4 // 962AA_-
/ uuGd k. K p EA l
bGlu M&seAg JEAN K.'NESSINGER Colet0HWEALTH EDISON COMPANY an Illinois Corporation i >w.
I ATTEST 8
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~ REPORT TO
' COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY CHICAGO', ILLINOIS' t
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DIKE REVEGETATION. MONITORING AT-THE LASALLE COUNTY' STATION,AUG.,1981 i
i i
4 4
1 PREPARED AND SUBMITTED 1
BY l-JOHN W.
VOIGT t
VEGETATIONAL CONSULTANT t
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WY pohnW. Voigt h.D.
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August 14, 1981 l.
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_. _,,,, _,..,.,,......,...,,. _.....,, ~,, -, _,, -., -..,.., _.., ~..
INDEX page List of' Figures......................................i.
' List of Tables......................................
11 List of Appendix materials..........................
111 Background of the study or monitoring................
1 9
Field Methods........................................
2 Map of Cooling Lake, Loc ~ation of Samples.............
3 Vertical Elevation of the Dike (S chematic)............ 4 The Vegetational Cover...............................
5 i'
Table 1.(Composition & Cover, 21 samples)............
6-l Tabic 2.
Composition & Cover, ve r tical ' level A.....'.. 7
-Table 3. Composition & Cover, Vertical level'B........S Table 4.. Composition & Cover, vertical level C.......
9 Table 5. Percent Cover by Sampic & Vertical Level.... 12 Statistical Treatment of Data........................
13 Results and Discussion...............................
14 Table 6. Percent Composition & Frequency, Species.... 15 Literhture...........................................
16 Appendix A (Raw Data, T ra n s e c t s )..................... 17 4
i Appendix B (Calculations)............................
21 Appendix C (Photo Explanations)......................
25 Appendix D (Listing of Scientific Names of Plants)... 2 7 9
J 4
i LIST OF FIGURES Fig.l. Location of Dike vegetation sampling transects at the LaSalle County Station.
Fig.2. Schematic representation of the top, mid-slope, and bottom-of-dike, transect vertical levels A,B, and C respectively.
11 LIST OF TABLES Table 1
Plant species composition and cover on the cool-ing lake dike at the La Salle County Station in August of 1981.
Table 2.
Vegetation composition - and cover on the vertical level A of the Dike of the cooling lake at the LaSalle County Station in August of 1981.
Table 73.
Vegetation composition _and cover on vertical level B of the dike of the' cooling lake at the LaSalle County Station in August of 1981.
Table 4.
Vegetation composition and cover on vertical level C of the dike of the cooling lake at the LaSalle County Station of August 1981.
Table 5.
Average cover of vertical levels A, B,
and C of the vegetation on the cooling lake. dike at the LaSalle County Station in Apgust of 1981.
Table 6.
Percent frequency of occurrence of species from 21 samples on the cooling lake dike at the LaSalle County station in August of 1981.
e
iii
. APPENDIX MATERIALS Appendix A Raw-Data' Tabulations of Dike Vegetation, August 14, 1981.
Appendix B Calculations, Standard Deviation, Analysis of.' Variance.
-Appendix C Photographs, and explanation of-photographs.
Appendix D Listing of~ Scientific names of all. species encountered.
e 9
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BACKGROUND The LaSalle County Station cooling lake is encompassed by more than six miles of earthen dike. To protect the outer face of the dike against soil erosion, crown vetch (Coronilla varia) was seeded to rapidly establish a dense cover for the purpose of stabilizing and holding the soil against the forces of ersosion.
A vegetational sampling (monitoring) program was started in May of 1978, and continued in August to include the Autumnal aspect. The monitoring was repeated during the same months in 1979 and in the year 1980. The present sampling in August of 1981 concludes a fourth year of monitoring.
This is an extension of one year beyond the original scope of the monitoring program. Procedures have been used which show the establishment of the vegetation, the improvement of the stands through time, and the overall success of the vegetation and the cover it provides.
The aggressive nature of the crown vetch, and the norma) trend of succession have led to the development of an exc-e ll e t.t supporting vegetation on all faces of the cooling lake dike.
l FIELD METHODS Twenty-one 20m line intercepts (Canfield, 1941, USNRC, 1978) were randomly located perpendicular to the dike (Fig.1). The horizontal and vertical (top, mid-slope, or bottom of the dike) locations were designated as vertical locations A,B, and C respectively (Fig. 2), and were predetermined by the use of a table of random numbers.
Along each 20 m transect, vegetation was sampled along five 1m subsamples. The location of each intercept sub-sample was also predetermined by the use of a table of random numbers.
Data recorded from each subsample were the total length (cm) of vegetation intercepted, and the total legth (cm) intercepted by each species. Measurements were taken to the nearest full centimeter. Photographs were taken of each transect location. Each Photo bears the transect sample designation in the lower right corner.
Specimens of all plants in flowering or fruiting cond-ition were collected. These have been pressed and will be mounted and accessioned into a permanent collection at the SIUC herbarium. This will provide documentation of the study, and serve as future reference material.,
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Schematic representation of the top, mid-slope, and bottom-of-dike, transect vertical locations'A, B,
and C, respectively.
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- Table?1... Plant Species, Composition, Cover, on the Cooling' Lake Dike;atfthe La'Salle County Station,Auj l
j Transect-#-
lA.
2B 3A 4B SB 7B 8C-
-9C 13B 14A:
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17C 18C-20A 21C 24A-Vegetation.; failure is where cover is less than 95.65-percent..
' To tal. Cove r,.100 100 100 100 100 =100 100 100= 100 100 98.0t 95.0 98.0 100 100 100 1
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. A chille a. m'ill.
2.04-'
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Ambrosia art.
14'.0 5.0.
.1 '.13 6.0 L
.sAmb r o s i a trif.
1.78
- Asclepias-syr.-
5.0 l
Aster ericoid.
4.0
'3.0 3.57 8.16'
.10.0 Agropyron rep.
6.5-Bromus.-inermis
-12.5 6.9 1.4-Carex sp 6.0 19 Cirsium dis 1.0 1.2
' C ichorium- _in t.
2.22 i
Coronilla'ver.100 98.")-100 7 0 '. 0 - 85.0 97.0.100 53.58 7.7.18 100 84.77 53.2 88.4 100 98.6 100 58.
-Elymus rp 2.)
Festuca apund.
.1. 0
- Melilotus sp-5.0 2'.04 4.54
'PoaJpratensis Leersia-n y 28.56 l'
- Phragmites a r_.
2.04-21.(
Physalis.sub.
. 6. (
Rumex crispus
'2'.04 Salix amygdaloides 2.4
. Solidago sp 2J22. 10.4
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Table 2.
Summary of Seven Samples of Vertical Level A Showing Percent Composition.
Sample Number lA 3A 14A 20A 24A 29A 32A Species Aster ericoides 3.0
.42 Bromus inermis 2.0 57.6 8.51 Cirsium discolor
.84
.12 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 61.3 42.4 86.12-Melilotus sp.
33.4 34.4 4.77 b
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Table 3. Summary of.Seven Samples of Vertical Level B
. Showing Percent Composition of Species.
Sample Number
~2B 4B SB 7B 13B 15B 30B-Species Ascelepias syriaca 5.0 0.71 Amb'rosia art.
3.30 14.0 5.0' 3.0
'1.13 3.30 Achillea mill.
2.04
.23 Aster ericoides 4.0 8.16 9.2 1 ~. 31
_Agropyron repens 6.5
.92 Carex sp 6.0
-2.0 1.24 Cirsium, discolor 1.0 0.14 Cfchorium intybus 2.22 0.31-Coronilla varia 98.0 70.0 85.0 97.0 79.18 84.77 70.4 83.48 Festuca arund.
10.0
.14 '
Melilotus-sp.
5.0 4.5 1.35 Poa pratensis 12.0 1.71 Phragmites nuser.
2.04 0.29 Physalis subgl.
2.04 0.29 Solidago sp 2.22
.0.31 Daucus carota 6.4 0.95.
Table 4. Summary of Seven Samples of Vertical. Level C Showing Percent Composition of Species.
9 Sample Number 8C 9C
_17C 18C 21C_
27C 34C Species Ambrosia art.
6.0
'O.84-Ambrosia trifida 1.78 0.24 Aster ericpides 3.57 10.0 10.0 3.36 o
Bromus inermis 12.5 6.9 1.4 17.4 5.45 Carex sp_
19.0 2.70
.Cirsium discolor 1.2 2.0 0.45 Coronilla varia 100 53.58 53.2 88.4 98.6 58.4 68.2 74.27 i.
Leersia oryz.
28.6 4.07 Phragmite s _a us er.
21.6 3.07 Physalis subgl.
6.0 0.84 Salix amygdaloides 2.4 0.33 Solidago sp 10.4.
1.47-E e
O '
THE VECETATIONAL COVER The vegetationa'l cover on the LaSalle County Station cooling lake dike in August of 1981 sampling. averaged 98.98 perccnt.-This was substantially higher than for August samplings of the three previous years during which the vegetation has been monitored, and compares to the 92 percent figure f'or August of 1980.
Crown vetch (Coronilla varia) dominated all'other species in the ground cover (Tables 1, 2,
3, and 4). The average composition of this leguminous species was 73.8 in August of 1981. This was an increase of significant proportion over August samplings of 1978, 1979, and 1980.
It was an increase of some 10 percent over the August sampling of a year ago.
The next ranking species.in the composition of the dike vegetation was scooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis) followed by frost aster (Aster ericoides) with each species being less than five percent of the cover. Frost. Aster is a perennial species with a dense habit. It is often waist-high and forms excellent cover. It has abundant rhizomes. Both these species are looked upon as excellent plants for maintiing the stability of soil on slopes.
All species of grasses end herbs present in the August 1981 sampling provided excellent cover. In all sampling areas (transects and subsamples) it was rarely possible to see the ground. The average cover for the 21
transects was 99 percent. In the statistical treatment of the data the lower limit for a vegetational failure became 95.65 percent ( a very high figure for a failure! ).
According to this standard for failure thre were two failures in the August samplings (Fig.1). It might be noted that one of these had a vegetational cover of 95 percent and thus became a " statistical failure" by only a margin of.65; the other vegetational failure-had a cover of 89.5 percent which would also appear to be quite a good cover by most other standards.
In all there were twenty one species encountered in the August 1981 sampling. Despite this diversity each slope aspect of the dike vegetation has taken on a considerable degree of uniformity, due most largely to the fine increases each year in the amount of crown vetch.
The south facing slope in August of 1981 possessed the highest percentage of cover. Here the cover was 100 percent. Crown vetch was the dominant species and reached its best expression here, where it averaged 88 percent. This is an outstand'ng cover The general view photo shows the density and uniformity of the crown vetch in this cover.
The transects of the south facing slope were 1A;2B;3A;4B; SB;8C, and 9C.
The east facing slope of the dike included transects 13B; 14A; 17C; 18C, and 20A. The dominant again was crown m--
9 6
_ vetch with 84 percent composition.
The north face of the cooling lake dike in August of 1981 included transects 21C; 24A; 27C; 29A; 30B; 32A,' and 34C (Fig. 1). The average percent of cover Egr crown vetch-on this slope was 72 percent, an increase of some eight percent over a year ago at the same time.
There was a remarkeable consistency of cover between vertical levels A, B,
and C (Table 5). The A level (7 samples) averaged 100 percent cover; B level 99.4 percent; and the C level averaged 97.5 percent). The different levels of the dike showed in each one a dominance of crown vetch. Th'e A-level (7 samples) showed 86.1 percent crown vetch, followed by 83.5 percent at the B-level, and 74 percent crown vet'h on the C-level (Tables 2, 3, and 4 respectively).
The seeding of the dike faces has been successful.
Crown vetch dominates all slope aspects and all vertical levels. The increases in cover and in percentage composition on the part of crown vetch in,each of the four years of the monitoring' program have been rapid. Virtually complete cover (98.98 percent) has been attained in a four year period. The present vegetation is excellent in terms of the function of protecting the dike from erosion.It should remain in this high condition for years to come.
' I
Table 5.
Percent, Cover by Sample Plot,.and by Cells Comprising Vertical Levels-A,B, and C of the Dike Vegetation at the'La Salle County Station of the Common-wealth Edison. Company, August 14, 1981.*
n A-Cell B-Celi
'C-Cell Sample No.,
Sample No.,
Sample No.,
Percent Cover Percent Cover Percent Cover 1A 100 2B 100 8C-100 3A 100 4B 100 9C 89.5 14A 100 SB 98.0 17C 95.0 20A 100 7B 100 18C 98;0 E
24A 100 13B 100
'21C 100 7
29A 100 15B 98.0 27C 100 30A 100 30B 100
'34C 100-700 696 682.5
~
4
w 1
STATISTICAL TREATMENT The twenty one transect sample means are given in
- Table 1.
The subsample means are the figures given in this 7
_ table, and they ranged from 89.5 percent to 100 percent cover..The mean for all samples was 98.98. The standard deviation among sample reans was 2.34. The range of variance was(4 2.35).
The lower confidence interval at the one percent level was 95.65. The number of sample means below this number was twc. Thus, there were'two sample (vegetation)-failutes according to the formula.
It should be noted that one of these two had a cover percent-age of 95, and the other had 89.5 percent.
Another calculation was done (ANOVA) of the samples at. vertical levels A,B, and C.
The sums of the respective sample means were 700, 696.0, and 682.5. In this analysis F is significant at the 1 percent level with degrees of freedom between a and degrees'of free?om within 18 if F is greater than or eg'ual to 6.01.
F= 1.73 therfore there was no significant difference in the vegetation cover of vertical levels A,B, and C.
Because F was less than 6.01 the second stage of the analysis was not necessary.
i Calculations for the statistical treatment of the data are found in Appendix B. '
RESULTS~AND DISCUSSION Each year since its establishment, the vegetational i
cover has shown an increase in its development. The percent of cover of the randomly selected samples and subsamples has increased. Each year the dominance of the seeded species, Crown Vetch (Coronilla vari _a) has increased. The increases have come in every situation on the cooling lake dike, as for example, each vertical level and each slope aspect.
Each year the frequency of occurrence of crown vetch has increased and annual, weedy herb s have decreased (Table 6).
Each year the number of vegetational sampling failures have decreased. Each year the August and June samplings have shown increases in the percent of cover.
In August of 1981 there were no significant differences in the vegetational covers of vertical levela A, B,
and C.
Overall the cover at any level or slope aspect of the dike appears to be excellent.
In the year 1981, we have had abundant rainfall. Some periods of precipitation have been heavy downpours. The vegetational cover has withstood the e downpours and has preventes any observable damage or erosion. The dike veg etation is doing the job it was intended te do. The kind of cover which has been develorad on the dike provides excellent protection It should remain this way for years to come, and vith a minimum maintence.
r-Table 6. Percent composition and percent frequency of species from 21 samples of the coolirg lake dike of the LaSalle County Station, August 14, 1981 Species Percent Comp.
Percent Frequency Achillea millefolium
.68 4.75 Ambrosia artemissiifolia 1.38 13.0 Ambrosia trifida
.59 4.7 Agropyron repens
,68 4.7 Aster ericoides 1.29 38.1 Bromus inermis 4.65 28.5 Carex sp 1.31 14.2 cichorium intybus
.10 4.75 Coronilla varia 81.29
'100.00 Daucus carota
.31 4.75 Elymus sp.
.09 4.7 Festuca ar.ndinacea
.04 4.7 Leersia oryzoides 1.36 4.7 Melilotus sp 3.08 23.8 Poa.pratensis
.57 4.75 Phragmites australis 1.09 9.5 Physalis subglabrata
.37 4.75 Rumex crispus
.11 4.75 Salix amygdaloides
.11 4.75 Solidago sp
.43 4.75 k- _ _ _ -. _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ -. _ _ _. -. _ - - - -.... -,. - _ - - - - - -,.. _ _ _ - - _. - - - - -. - - - -. - _ _ _ _ - - - _ - _ _ -. - _ - - - - - - -.. - - - - -. - - - - _ _ -
LITERATURE
- Buchanan, W.
J.
1975. Vegetation monitoring, in terre-strial monitoring' progrsm for construction phase of the LaSalle-County Station 1974.
(IBT No. 4507). First annual report to Common-wealth Edison Company, Chicago. Chapter 2 70 pp.
~
1976. Vegetation monitoring, in f trrestrial monitoring program for the construction phase of the LaSalle County Station 1975. NALCO Environ-mental Sciences. Second Annual Report to Common-wealth Edison Company, Chica o, Chapter 1.
66 pp.
- Canfield, R. H.
1941. Application of the line intercept method in sampling range vegetation..J. For.
39:388-394.
- Nie, N.
H.,
C.H.
- Hull, J.G.
- Jenkins, K.
Steinbrenner, and a
D.
H.
Bent. 1970. SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. 2nd Edition. McGraw-Hill Book
, Company.
N.Y. 675 p'p.
USNRC, 1978. Draft environmental statement related to oper-ation of LaSalle County Station unit numbers one and two, CECO Docket Nos. 50-373 and 50-374. Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulations, NUREG-04 37, Wash-
- ington, D.C.
- Wright, R.L.D.
1976. Understanding Statistics, Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich, Inc. New York, N.Y.
=
4 1
APPENDIX A i
Field Data, Dike Transects,-La.Salle Co. Station, Aug.14, 1981 l
I Intercept (No. & Length in Cm.)..
Species
- Length'#. Length # Length # Length #. Length Transect. Number 29A 1-10 14
'18 19-
' Total 100 100 100 100 100 Aster ericoides~
15 1
Bromus inermis-3 2
5 Coronill. varia 97 95 100 112-4
)
Erigeron sp.-
Melilotus sp.
3 85 79 Transect Number 30B.
7 E10 li 13 14 Total 100 100 100 100 109 i
Aster ericoides 46 3
Carex sp.
10 Coronilla.varia 100 24 28 100 100 1
Poa pratensis 20 40 Daucus carota 32' Transect Number 32A 1
2 3
7 18 Bromus inermis 100 100 86 Chicorium intybus 12 Coronilla varia 100 100 i
i l
Transect Number 34C 7
9 13 17 19 i
Total 100 92 100 100 100 1~
Aster ericoides 20 30 Bromus inermis 50 15 20 2
Chicorium intybus 10 Coronilla varia 100 50 55 50 86 12 Daucus carota.
Field Data, Dike Transects, LaSalle County Station, Aug.,14,1981 Intersept(No. & Length in cm.)
Species
- , Length # Length # Length # Length # Length 2
6 14 15 18 Transect Number lA Total 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 2B 1
3 4
7 14 Total 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 3A 2
4 5
9 10 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 4B 4
12 14 16 19 Total 100 100 100' - 100 100 Amb ro s ia artemissifolia 70 C a re:. sp.
30 Coronilla vari,a 100 100 90 60 Festuca arundinacea 10 Transect Number 5B 2
7 13 16 17 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Ambrosia artemissifolia 25 Aster ericoides 20 Cirsium discolor 5
Coronilla varia 100 95 100 100 30 Melilotus sp.
25 Transect Number 7B 1
2 4
8 18 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Aster ericoides 15 Coronilla varia 100 100 85 100 100 l
Field ^ Data, Dike Transects, LaSalle County Station,-Aug.,14,1981-Intersept(No. & Length in cm.)
Species
- , Length # Length #: Length # Length # Length 2
6-
. -14 15
'18 Transect Number 1A Total' 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia
~100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 2B 1
3 4
7 14 Total 100.
100 100 100 Coronilla'varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 3A 2
4 5
9 10 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 4B 4
12 14 16 19 Total 100 100 100' 100 100 Ambrosia artemissifolia 70 Carex sp.
30 Coronilla varia 100 100 90 60 Festuca arundinacea 10 Transect Number.5B 2
7 13 16 17 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Ambrosia artemissifolia 25 Aster ericoides 20 Cirsium discolor 5
Coronilla varia 100 95 100 100 30 Melilotus sp.
25 Transect Number 7B 1
2 4
8 18 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Aster ericoides 15 Coronilla varia 100 100 85 100 100 Field Data, Dike Transects, LaSalle County Station. A-3.,14,1981 Intersept(No. & Length in cm.)
Species
- , Length # Length # Length # Length # Length 2
6 14 15 18 Transect Number 1A Total 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 2B 1
3 4
7 14 Total 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 T r a n s e r. t Number 3A 2
4 5
9 10 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect Number 4B 4
12 14 16 19 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Ambrosia artemissifolia 70 Carex sp.
30 Coronilla varia 100 100 90 60 Festuca arundinacea 10 Transect Number SB 2
7 13 16 17 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Ambrosia artemissifolia 25 Aster ericoides 20 Cirsium discolor 5
Coronilla varia 100 95 100 100 30 Melilotus sp.
25 Transect Number 7B 1
2 4
8 18 Total 100 100 100 100 100 Aster ericoides 15 Coronilla varia 100 100 85 100 100 STATISTICAL TREATMENT AffENDIX B
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- Buchanan, W.J.
- Clark, 0.R.
- Kramer, J.,
- Nie, N.E.,
- Hull, J.G.
- Wright, R.L.D.
- Length Transect lA Total 3
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Field Methods Twenty-one 20 meter lo line intercepts (Canfield 1941, USNRC 1978) were randomly located perpendicular to the dike (Fig. 2). The horizontal and vertical (top, mid-slope, or bottom of the dike) locations were designated as vertical locations A,B, and C, respectivel (Fig.2), ar' were predetermined by the use of a table of random numbers. Along each 20 meter transect, the vegetation was sampled along five, one-meter subsamples. The location of each intercept subsample was also predetermined by the use of a table of random numbers. Data recorded from each subsample were the total length (cm) of the vegetation intercepted, and the total length (cm) inter epted by each species. Measurements were taken to the nearest full centimeter of all vegetation touching the transect line or within one centimeter of either side. Photographs were taken of each of the twenty one samples. Specimens of all plants encountered were collected and preserved as herbarium mounts to document the monitoring. 3
.. ~. - -u n. +.n r n ..-a 1 44 i 4 ) e 4 t r ' ~ E e 4 g M, bs a ^ R A h V S
i The mean foliage cover percentages for the stations A, B, and C on the vertical gradient likewise showed but little variation. The cover percentage mean for the A stations was 94.5 percent, for the B stations the mean'was 94.7 percent, and for the lowland or C stations it was 94 percent. These figures were improvements over 1980 for the A and C stations. All indications are that the vegetational cover on all faces of Cas dike are sufficiently developed-to effectively control any likelihood of runoff and erosion e v e.s under extreme conditions of precipitation. A three year pericd seems to have been sufficient for this develop-ment, The Spring aspect sampling of the fourth year has confirmed this. ~ In addition to the excellent development of veget-ative cover on all faces of the dike,-there was also a considerable accumulation of mulch below the vegetation. -It was often several inches in depth and always covered the ground so that no exposed soil resulted. Mulch was especially heavy under the crown vetch, but grass cover 1 also produced a h";vy mulch. A grass mulch, ocpending upon the duration and intensity of. rain was found to intercept several-tons of water per acre (Clark, 1937, 1940). Under control conditions, clover intercepted 5.01 tons of water per 7 .n. -- r
acre; alfalfa 4;22 tons per acre, Kentucky bluegrass 5.87 tons per acre. A six inch layer of dead mulch intercepted as much as 11.51 tons of water per acre. A softly falling rain (.06 of an inch) 211 owed 97 percent of the precipitation ~to.be: intercepted by i the vegetation. A raiafall of 1.78 inches on big bluestem grass (Andropogon gerardii)' was.68 percent. intercepted, and subsequently returned to the atmosphere by evaporation,. or some of it to be directed softly down to the earth where it was absorbed. Any runnoff was clear and carried no erosion sediments (Kramer and Weaver, 1936). Despite a wet Spring in 1981 there were no places on the dike which showed erosion. Similarly the ditch at the base of the dike contained clear water. 8
~ Vegetation Cover, May, 1981 Vegetation cover on the.LaSalle County Station dike in May of 1980 averaged 95.38 percent. This was ~ notably higher than either May or August cover for i either of'the two-previous years. Th< cover for May of 1981 averaged 94.52 percent. Crown vetch (Coronilla varia)..the seeded species dominated the ground layer in 1981. It provided an average of 58.6 percent of the vegetation overall. This t was an increase over 1980 when it provided 57.4 percent l of the cover. l Two species of grass, Kentucky bluegr lss(Poa i pratensis), and saooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) provided 27.22 per nc of the cover, leaving all other herbact us species to constitute slightly over 10 percent. .j In many subsamples abundant seedlings of crown vetch were a observed. This signifies further dominance of this species and an improvement in the composition which'one i must regard as already as being in an excellent condition. The distribution of the vegetative cover continues to be most homogeneous on the south slope. The mean vegetative cover values for transects (subsamples) located at the top, mid-slope, and base of the dike (transect groups A,B, and C) respectively were 94.50, 94.75, and 94.33. The standard deviation of the means of A,B, & C was .38. Vegetation failure as defined a USNRC (Appendix G) did not occur in May of 1981, and there were no failures during May of 1980 as ac11. 9 _,,,4 v-m- r-~*y e o
9 Literature Cited
1975. Vegetation monitoring. in Terrestrial-monitoring program for the construction phase of the LaSalle County Station 1974. (IBT No. 4507). First Annual report to Commonwealth Edison Company, Chicago. Chapter 2. 70 pp. 1976 Vegetation monitoring. in Terrestrial monitoring program for the construction phase of the LaSalle County Station 1975. NALCO Environmental Sciences. Second annual report to Commonwealth Edison' Company, Chicago. Chapter 1. 66 pp. Canfield, R.H. 1941. Application of the line intercept method in sampling range vegetation. Journ. For. 39:388-394.
1937. Interception of rainfall by. herbaceous vegetation. Science 86:591-592. 1940. Intercep tion o f rainfall by prairie grasses, weeds and certain crop plants. Ecol. Monog., 10: 243-277.
and J.E. Weaver, 1936. Relative efficiency of roots and tops of plants in protecting soil from erosion. Univ. Nebr. Conservation & Servey Div. Bull. 12.
C.H.
Jenkins, K. Steinbrenner, and D.H. Bent. 1970. SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. 2nd Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, N.Y. 675 pp. USNRC, 1978. Draft environmental statement related to operation of LaSalle County Station unit numbers one and two, CECO Docket Nos. 50-373 and 50-374. Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulations, NUREG-o437, Washington, D.C.
1976. Understanding Statistics, Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich, Inc. New York, N.Y. 10 1 e
1 i 4 i l 4 4 .h 1 i a i A, d l I 1 1, M i S t. APPENDIX MATERIALS i i i i e i 4 s 4 l-l l l i l i ? I I i I i I i [ i i, b 1 1 I 4 t 10a i E i 2 d h I i.-
1 Table 2. Percentage of composition of samples from the "C" level of the dike vegetation at the LaSalle County Station, May 22, 1981. Species Percent Composition Achillea millefolium 0.1 Yarrow or millfoil Ambrosia attemisiifolia 0.4 Ragweed Bromus inermis 29.4 Smooth bromegrass Cersium sp. 2.5 Thistle Coronilla varia 48.7 Crown Vetch Erigeron sp 0.4 Fleabanc Galium aparine 0.3 Bedstraw Juncus torreyi 2.6 Torrey's Rush Poa pratensis 6.7 Kentucky bluegrass Potentilla simplex 1.4 Cinquefoil Rumex crispus 0.5 Curly Dock Solidago sp 7.0 Goldenrod Total 100.0 11
Table 3. Pe rcentage of composition of samples from the "B" level of the dike vegetation at the LaSalle County Station, May 22, 1981. Species Percent Composition Bromus inermis 7.3 Smooth bromegrass Cirsium discolor 1.0 Thistle Coronilla v_ aria 64.8 Crown Vetch Elymus sp. 0.1 Wild Rye Erigeron sp. 2.1 Fleabane Juncus tenuis 0.1 Path rush Poa pratensis 16.6 Kentucky bluegrass Solidago sp. 7.8 Goldenrod Taraxacum officinale 0.2 Dandelion Total 100.0 12
Tabic 4. Percentage of composition of samples from the "A' level of the dike vegetation at the LaSalle County Station, May 22, 1981. Species Percent Composition Bromus inermis 6.3 Smooth Bromegrass Coronilla varia 78.3 Crown Vetch Elymus sp 7.3 Wild Rye Melilotus sp 0.6 Sweet Clover Myosotis verna 0.2 Scorpion grass Potentilla simplex 1.3 einque fo11 Solidago sp. 6.0 Goldenrod Total 100.0 4 13 ~
P a b )_ e 5. Percentage of ecmposition of all samples (21) or the dike vegetation at the LaSalle County Station, May 22, 1981. Species Percent Composition Bromus inermis 15.3 Smooth Bromegrass Cirsium discolot 1.2 Thistle Coronilla varia 58.6 Crown Vetch Elysus sp. 2,1 Wild Rye Erigeron sp. 1.3 Fleabane Galium aparine 0.2 Bedstraw Juncus tenuis 0.1 Path Rush Melilotus sp. 0.1 Sweet Clover Myosotis verna 0.1 Scorpion grass Poa pratensis 11.6 Kentucky bluegrass Potentilla simplex 4.2 Cinque foil Rumex _ crispus 0.1 Curly Dock Solidago sp 5.1 Total 100.0 14
Table Field data from dike transects at the LaSalle County Station, May,1981. Species Interception Legth in CM. Length Length Length Length
100 8 100 9 100 12 100 17 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100 Transect 3C 2 100 7 100 10 100 15 100 17 100 Coronilla varia 100 90 90 m Galium aparine 33.3 -4 33.3 Poa pratensis 80 33.3 Cirsium sp 20 Bromus inermis 10 10 Transect 4 B Total .1 100 9 100 14 60 15 100 17 100 Coronilla vario 100 100 50 80 100 Bromus _ inermis 50 20 Transect 5A Total 4 100 10 100 11 100 14 100 17 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 100 100
Transect 6 C Length Length Length Length Length Total 5 90 8 100 14 100 15 100 20 100 Coronilla varia 20 100 20 100 100 Bromus inermis 80 80 Transect 8A Total 2 100 6 100 9 100 16 100 19 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 .100 100 Transect 10 B Total 5 100 7 100 10 100 11 100 17 100 Coronilla varia 100 95 100 100 20 Poa pratensis 10 Bromus inermis 5 60 Taraxacum officinale 10 .4 Tranosct 12 B Total 4 100 5 100 11 85 12 100 20 100 Coronilla varia 10 10 Poa pratensis 75 95 10 90 Cirsium sp 20 Solidago sp 5 10 Erigeron sp 10 70 Bromus inermis 15 20 60
1 Transect 14 C Length Length Length Length Length Total 3 80 4 70 10 100 13 100 18 100 Coronilla varia 70 80 30 Poa pratensis 10 Solidago sp 80 45 Erigeron sp 5 Ambrosia artemisiifolia 10 5 Potentilla simplex 5 Cirsium sp 20 20 Juncus torreyi 45 Bromus inermis 5 Transect 15 B Total 5 100 9 100 11 100 14 100 20 60 Coronilla varia 100 100 95 100 Poa pratensis 5 40 s Cirsium sp 20 Solidago sp 40 Transect 16 A Total 1 100 2 95 12 100 17 100 18 70 Coronilla varia 10 10 Melilotus sp 10 Elymus sp 90 100 30 Solf. dago sp 90 90 Bromus inermis 70
Transect 18 B Length Length Length Length Length Total 4 100 7 100 8 100 12 100 16 100 Coronilla varia 100 100 100 80 60 Poa pratensis 10 30 Solidago sp 5 10 Elymus sp 5 Transect 19 C 3 100 5 75 7 85 10 100 17 100 Coronilla varia 8 45 100 90 Potentilla simplex 45 Rumex crispus 7 10 Bromus inermis 100 40 45 10 Transect 20 C 5 100 7 100 8 100 10 90 18 90 m g Coronilla varia 10 85 95 Poa pratensis 3 Cirsium sp 20 Erigeron sp 2 Bromus inermis 100 70 10 100 Transect 23 C Total 3 100 4 100 12 100 16 70 19 Coronilla varia 100 Poa,orarensis 40 50 Cirsiem so 10 Bromus' inermis 60 50 90 100
9 t Transect 28 B Length Length Length Length # Length Total 4 100 5 100 11 90 12 90 17 70 Coronilla varia 95 100 25 10 50 Poa pratensis 50 50 Solidago sp 25 30 Erigeron sp 3 Trifolium pratense 5 Bromus inermis 2 5 Transect 32 A Total 4 100 6 90 8 100 9 90 12 70 C_oronilla varia 80 50 90 80 34 Poa pratensis 33 Bromus inermis 20 50 10 20 33 .s Transect 34 C Total 5 100 7 100 14 80 17 100 18 80 Coronilla varia 95 95 30 90 60 Erigeron sp 6 Achillea millefolium 4 Bromus inermis 5 5 30 10 20 Poa pratensis 20 Solidago sp 30 Transect 35 B Total 4 100 8 100 12 100 13 90 17 100 Coronilla varia 70 90 100 80 60 Poa pratensis 20 10-Solidago sp 30 Bromus inermis 10 10 20
4 Transect 36 A Length Length Length Length Length Total 2 100 4 100 12 70 14 80 17 90 Poa pratensis 95 75 100 80 40 Potentilla simplex 40 Myosotis verna 5 5 Lepidium virginicum_ 5 Bromus inermis 10 20 15 Melilotus sp 10 Transect 37B Total 2 80 8 100 11 90 14 100 16 100 Coronilla varia 50 60 100 Poa pratensis 30 80 60 o Lepidium virginicum 50 Bromus inermis 5 10 20 Solidago sp 5 5 20 Juncus tenuis 5
OCth ok N d.Y J 2. ; 19 % l ceAis A' B I C 3 160 6 T2. g qg "7 too goo c7g l00 qq. go 97 90 91 90 10.0 96 90 90 9a ? .99 9L C4 t S&J j 752 668 'SuuRce cf ! Descees of ISusu o E 1IneaN \\ p ) van a.r# o N Freedo.e(df) Socages(ss) SQ*ReSh i BetwccH (b) A.
.05 WlTWiu(w) 17 37I.Ol 2-06/ Toral Lt) 16 373.15 c a.t e v lati o n s dft N- = ( (, t-g t 7 ) - I = 2.1 - I det = 1 dFu i N-C = dfb,c-1
=3-I 2-) CIf b = 18 f b = 21
SSt, 5 y1 -. (g_g y)a/g IX 2 5 3 769 + 7/940 + 6 /9/ 6 = = 18763 5 I[IY)=l983 i--(2.X)]# =Sc3aa?? N= (. + 8' + 7 N-A/ 3k_X);2 393aA??/2/ y 5.(ff) I87 A 5l-8(a = N Z Y * - ](f )():' lN = I276 2.5 -/9 725/26 IX ,_kIX.)_ f y' = 3 7 3. /5 // i S St = 3'7 3. / S SS6-$ NXI II1 X )
h a { 71 Y}1', 667 + 7 59-4. 4 gg 2. 1 h .J 6 g 7 3 2 f 4 & J. + 5 7 4 5 /, Y + y 3 2 9; 6 g 7 63 581.5 +-71820. 5 + si g 5: = 12 7 a 5V 22 i
l (L L ')0 = \\ g7151.M ( ses previous e%s) H '(1 X)"b (E E X)# p , it72 sv - /8736/. fr6 t n N { ' (n y)'d _ OE E X) = ;L,ty u n N 5 S s =. a.. ( 4 SSm = s se - s s = 37 3. (5 - A IV SSm = 37I. o l ihsb >Ssg/df 3 = a.14 /2. hsb l.07 msm = ssm /ac e s,\\.on/a = msm u.o = F = rn ss / ms m -= 1. o7 / 2 0.4 I F4 05 l J 23 ,.w..
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^ = .O S, ~ \\ 371.O! ft? L F ( 2, IT) = , 0 5, p < o.o i m e a e4 s twean o F A, = M = 9 V. To l% ech o f Pa = 'G 91.75 = rne.an c+ C = E 94.oo =. Meu o f 5 f32 = 9 41a - Sheaa ct Dev<at<on S &ac =-[1x$_ga -[s 762 s _ l9 rr 3 ' ~ h g Al .L/ Stamdaad Deviasion f3434. 52 off\\[3fc(3yn,} - 9 V,93 * = "fg934 5A. - fr 9 I6. '7 5 7 q (l'7 77 Snac.
= = 5 a ac..- , q s. gi s otamctand. De v' On of meass, o4 A B 4 c. =], S914 60 - a.
I '. a t e 1 Satple 1A A south-facing slope showing a nearly pure stand of crown vetch (Coronilla varia) Sample 6C A pure stand of crown vetch on either side of the ditch at the foot of the dike. The ditch vegetation is s=ooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis) in front of cattail (Typha latifolia). Sample SA A pure stand of crown vetch on the south-facing slope of the dike. Sample 4B A pure stand of crown vetch on the south-facing slope of the dike. Sample 3C An alternation of smooth bromegrass and crown vetch on the lower elevation of a south-facing slope of the dike. 26 ~_
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-) Plate 2. Sample 8A A. pure stand of crown vetch on the south-facing slope of the.-dike. The vegetative cover here was 100 percent. Sample 10B A mixture of crown vetch and smooth bromegrass on the east-facing slope 1of the dike. Sample 12B A good stand of grass on the east-facing slope of the dike at vertical elevation B (mid-slope). Sample 14C This stand shows a mixture of smooth bromegrass and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) in front of the drainage ditch at the base of the dike. A nearly pure stand of crown vetch existed beyond the ditch. 29 v
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.g Plato 4' Sample 20C Giant. reed (Phragmites communis) growing in the ditch. Sample 23C A-nearly pure stand of crown vetch facing south at the ditch.. level. Eeyond the ditch.the crown vetch meets smooth bromegrass on the more or less level expanse of.this lower elevation. Sample 28B A nearly pure stand of crown vetch giving way to_a grass cover, predominantly smooth'bromegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, on a W-NW slope aspect. Sample 32A About a half and half mixture of smooth bromegrass and crown vetch on 1 W-NW slope aspect. The vegetation was dense and the-cover was excellent. 33
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Plate 5. Sample 34C Crow. vetch intermingles with successional herbs. The ciswn vetch is favorably competing and numerous crown vetch seedlings are indicative of increasing dominance of this species. Sample 35B A nearly pure stand of smooth bromegrass on a west-NW face of the dike. Sample 36A I. dense growth of grasses and herbaceous species. Sample 37B Location is near the end of the six mile long dike showing assorted herbs, crown vetch, and last year's herbaceous flower stalks. The exposure is westerly. k ~--
7 Plate 5. Sample 34C Crown vetch intermingles with successional herbs. The crown vetch is favorably competing and numerous crown vetch seedlings are indicative of increasing domina' ice of this species. Sample 35B A nearly pure stand of smooth bromegrass on a west-NW face of the dike. Sample _36A A dense growth of grasses and herbaceous species. Sample 37B Location is near the end of the six mile long dike showing assorted herbs, crown vetch, and last year's herbaceous flower stalks. The exposure is westerly. 35
w-t M" m 1 i i i . :'"[., ngsgwa; # @ ls[f4:gf':.y; 2 w d.' N M f.N' '). g%jf}},, s.> \\ a ggg it h' J d' -- : rY.d&%1 s Q?4;QQW.. =. w..t .s 1 't. h$ 0 7e 0@9 nM2d;, ;g ~ ~ y'a W. ;e ' d+'
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G 2; "YKE- )Qf'5C v - 8 : '.% l 4 6 %tS5's.- D. EL&M7
Plate 6 Upper left The south face of the dike showing a nearly pure stand of crown vetch. The cover of the entire length of the south-facing aspect of the dike is of thia quality. Lower left Large stretches of the C elevation (foot of thedike) showing the well kept drainage ditch and a dominance of crown vetch on each side. A low bench of the lower elevation shows a predouinantly grassy vegetation. This is a characteristic quality of the vegetation of the C-level elevation. Upper right Looking east along the north-facing slope of the dike with a good stand of smooth bromegrass in dominance on the mid-slope. Lower right A nearly pure stan'd of crown vetch along the mid-section of the east-facing slope aspect of the dike. 37 n
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