ML20024C703

Nuclear Power Preparatory Training,Core Performance 4, Heat Transfer & Heat Generation

ML20024C703
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	12/31/1969
From:	NUS CORP.
To:
References
TASK-01, TASK-06, TASK-1, TASK-6, TASK-GB GPU-2250, PROC-691231, NUDOCS 8307130051
Download: ML20024C703 (4)

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. HEAT TRANSTDL AND HEAT GENIRATION

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General q

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of the rate of new of heat energy between bodies. It has been stated that F,:4.. ;9,1 heat will flow between two bodies if one is at a higher temperature, but L. M. 7 'I

.g[.i te U: NZ for design purposes it la also impcrtant to know how fast the process will

,;[j p u, occur. The three basic categories of heat transfar are:

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e conduction f4..:.,

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cortvection e ; e sw,W m'."*..

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1mpact. When a part of a metal bar is heated, molecules at the point being

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Conduction is direct transference of heat by molecular y

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%m. N.. g'q heated vibrate mere and more rapidly, collide more vigorously with their

(.Q.I neighbors, and transmit seme of their energy to them. A good example of

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conduction is the now of heat up a spoca frem the coffee in your cup to c.v w -. n

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your fingers.

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Heat transfer by ccavectica is the transfer of thermal 4

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rn" KC energy by the motien of a nuld that is being heated. There are two general g.d PrM+wt s.e

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m rm.W categories of ccavectica, called naturni ccavection and forced ccavectica.

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Natural ccavectica takas place because the density of the heated Guld is

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p'JI. m W less than that surrounding it and as a result it rises. This can be seen on pW..G A

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y M.nC an autemchile en a hot summer day. The air touching the metal. surface is 4

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heated by conductim and stavection currents are set up, resulting in a trans-

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for of heat away from the surface. Terced convection occurs when the

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Ruld motion is caused by seme facter other than the density difference.

such as pumps or fans. For forced convection the effect of the different Ndg 3

M Guld densities usually has little significance. A good example of con-g p.h 1

r.ha vactla la tsa c;,uatim sf a c.-ffc=

reciat=r, ws: s ras a net.t Ch $ y-.-

Q circulation.

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~..m. , _., ~,.. _.. _.9 V w. dl.'-3 CORE PERf0RMANCE f.'.a. Her.. Transfer and Heat Generstion (cent.) w

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4. Q 3,! I~ ~.c. results in a decrease of steam generator volume for making stasm and, fins 11y, ['f__ I

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supiiheating. The result is that less superheat will cecur and the stoam out-let temperature will be Icwor. L. :,, f k L' L., Decreasing feodwater temperature causes steam generator t e s~ N' outlet temperature to drop. (; ;.Q . n..... d What happens to the st:am outlet tamperature if the plant load is reducsd in 9+ ;y $~g a centro 11ed manner from 100% to 50%? Whan Iced is reduced, the feedwatar f.![ ., ~ flow will decrease siefwntly. The effact of this is that the same heat n ?, source volume is available to heat considsrably less sWm'y process. E7 .n-=s.: 1

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fluid. This results in more space being available for superhosting and a re- .- s,- b.r, d.,i sulting higher steam cutlet temperature. .. w a n:.: ..r

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e., ! cad or feedwater flew redven result in an increase in the .%.S Y,d:* b .,W e steam generator outlet tamperature, except at low p:nser levels.

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F@+N j f.a The reactor coolant in a PWR system is kept undar pressure to prevent bulk ~-2 y TfW -% w> boiling in the core. In the esse of an ahncrmal transient, where this pros-

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@.S sure is lost and some steam is gansrated in the core, how will we know it? , wp a@., We will see a large increase in leval in the pressurizer until pressure is tE.y 1 4 m.x Lj ' V L;, ! W $. tR built back up above the saturation value cerrnsponding to the temperature g..- bM in the core. The stsam bubbles will then condense, and the level will drcp $dh .. m back dcwn close to its normal value. . TM d lii,.g .n 4 ..p,..( c.-v. e Uk i r.@p P-mblen my, mw b h The secondary side of a once-through steam generator has a net 3

1. W value of 3500 ft. At the time of a plant trip, the folicwing q;

, m v... d.(1 Watus el ciwracteristics applied to the steam generatcr:

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M pn kp,%' .m v-mp c;;j hr.w h..t. &j l m . fl}x*W 7<. s s% g d W.'.i. 4-20 .,6 972P-B E.!.J.5- .g c. J N. "g&.=LGini Q.$5dI?%;p;;6:*Q%? %Q;E.G5ki;N&h&,%.'$v*'R ~. ' ' 5,p'"$% .w Am my mu n .:y=~ w h WM N?qMp n w % y pxd wrsyU N N;F %kk is 24 9 E M & Rt e rst$ % s % b. IMNN$d'M fjk*fh*O M3h Mh h w. c: B?%G e"&,.,F4 A pWiMMEMdEMPMPfMI/01Il3% h_.~EM.

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