ML20011F631
| ML20011F631 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 02/23/1990 |
| From: | Beckner W NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR REGULATORY RESEARCH (RES) |
| To: | Rosalyn Jones Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 9003070061 | |
| Download: ML20011F631 (87) | |
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UNITEDSTATES U ) NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION j wAssiwoTow,0. c. 20ns f FEB 2 31993 MEMORANDUM TO: Robert C. Jones, Chief Reactor Syst ems Branch p Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation k FROM: William Beckner, Chief ( Severe Accident Issues Branch l Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research
SUBJECT:
RESEARCH RESULTS RELATED TO EMERGENCY PROCEDURES GUIDELINES REVISION 4 CONTINGENCY #3 REGARDING [ REACTOR DEPRESSURIZATION DURING STATION BLACKOUT s-As you know, the Containment Performance Improvement (CPI) ~ program is investigating potential plant modifications which could prevent or delay containment failure or could mitigate the consequences should containment fail. As part of this program for Boiling Water Reactors (BWRS) with Mark II and Mark III containments, we have a technical finding which we wish to bring to your attention at this time. The most significant severe accident for BWRs is station blackout (SBO). In particular, the short term SBO (ST-SBO) event represents the majority of the total SBO core melt frequency. l Our contractor, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), is performing-phenomenological calculations for the ST-SBO using the BWRSAR computer program. These calculations have assumed that licensees have incorporated Revision 4 of the Emergency Proced-ures Guidelines (EPGs) at their facility. The calculations also assume that operator would take actions to delay the onset of core degradation. In the last few months a sensitivity study was performed to determine the optimum time to depressurize the reactor vessel during a short-term station blackout event. The production of hydrogen was used as the surrogate for core degradation. Using the guidance in the EPGs Revision 4, Contingency Number 3, the reactor would be depressurized when the core is approximately one third. uncovered which is predicted to occur at 48.2 minutes into the accident sequence. For the calculation that was performed, this results in the onset of core relocation to occur 81.2 minutes after accident initiation. The highest cladding temperature at the time of depressurization is estimated to be approximately 700*F. The water inventory is predicted to be lost without compensating steam cooling of the core. in3ogg62 mps p Q PDC sf
f i U 3 s 1 ) L V i-. 1 L i b The same case was rerun following the guidance of Revision 3 of e the EPGs which specifies depressurizing the reactor when the reactor water level indication is lost. This occurs when-approx-l imately two' thirds of the core is uncovered at approximately 75.0 F minutes-into the event, and the onset of core relocation is j ft predicted to occur at 110.2 minutes.. At the time of-depressuriz-I ation, the highest cladding temperature is estimated to be ap-o h proximately.1650*F. Steam cooling is calculated to reduce the is highest cladding temperature by approximately 700'F to approxi-k . mately 950*F. This calculation indicates that there is signifi-cant steam cooling and a delay in the onset of core relocation of approximately 29 minutes. L the goal should be to maximize the For the loss of' injection, delay in-the onset of' core degradation. This would provide the maximum time to restore' pumping capability to terminate the accident. It appears that manual depressurization of the reactor with two thirds of the core uncovered (EPGs Revision 3) better serves this goal than the procedure currently given in Revision 4 of}the EPGs for the sequence considered. This information was presented to representatives of the BWR l Owners, Group (BWROG).and the General Electric Company (GE) at a meeting.on February 14, 1990 by Dr. Steve Hodge of ORNL. NRR staff.Were in attendance. Mr. Phil Smith, Emergency Procedures Committee Chairman of the BWROG, stated that the results [ presented-indicated that the depressurization guidance in the EPG Revision 4 may need to be reconsidered. Mr. Smith stated the this information would be taken back to the owners group for reconsideration of the BWROG position in Revision 4 to depressurize with only 29% of the core uncovered. A copy of the transparencies used at the meeting is enclosed for your information. This sensitivity study with additional details will be published. as part of the technical findings associated with the Mark II and Mark III CPI parametric-analysis NUREG/CR later this year.
if y g -y - ~ ' - - ~- c. ? ef$;, > -y I i 4 1 't A a.:a j *.. ; i a?:' .IfTwe'can-be of'further_ assistance, please feel free to contact' 'us. We-would appreciate your keepihg us informed as to any
- progress in.this area by'the BWROG.
-} b- -i f/g'f j [ [ l William Beckner, Chief 4 ' Severe Accident Issues Branch- } Office of' Nuclear Regulatory Research Enclosun:. Copy of ~ 2/14/90-- . meeting. transparencies _-y 'c. !cc: - S.-Floyd, Chairman BWROG h- ~. A. Thadani ~ ?' B. Sh eron : L. Shotkin. T.JCollins G. Thomas R. Barrett' c M'. Virgilio l:l < . PDR-h L, li r. t 'b
g_ _ e,.o e i AUTOMATIC DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEM (ADS) ACTUATION IN BWR LOSS OF INJECTION SEQUENCES - EFFECT UPON TIMING OF SUBSEQUENT EVENTS - STEPHEN A. HODGE BWR Severe Accident Technology Program' BWR In Vcasel Strategics Program' BWR Mark 11 and 111 Parametrics Program' Oak Ridge National Laboratory Prcsented at Meeting to Discuss Timing of Reactor Depressurization During Station Blackout USNRC Nicholson Lane Omcas Rockville, Maryland February 14,1990 Work Sporsored by ' Accident Evaluation Branch, DMsion of Systems Roscarch ' Reactor and Plant Systems Branch, Division of Sptems Research ' Severe Accident Issues Branch, Division of Safety issue Resolution Otra of Nuclear Regulatory Research U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission orn! .__. -.,.eu1~.rera.-,.,c_._,m_e,~~ .n, _oo., e,..eusne.,._ d taege under armrea DOE.Ac054 EOR.2400 enn me Marun Mansus fg besi6 inc. D tebedled SenWeepI bei bare eg@ered by a gesntreguir Ed.e U1 Moment ustdef apntred Polk DE ACoSMiete Awnssy, the v1 Oevemeegt tensina a maname.m% #eveny4ree kafine to pbieb er reprode the pehad farm of the - -. er eAce what 83 do asA der U1 Convenmens Nrposeb' .. J
=. (.- ACTUATION OF THE ADS MUST BE PERFORMED MANUALLY IN LOSS OF INJECTION ACCIDENT SEQUENCES i . AUTOMATIC OPENING OF THE. ADS VALVES REQUIRES . High drywell pressure (2.5 psig) . Low reactor vessel water level (378 in.) . Discharge pressure sensed (RHR or Core Spray) . Rundown of two-minute timer. . LOW-PRESSURE ECCS PUMPS (RHR AND CORE SPRAY) NOT OPERATIONAL IN LOSS-OF-INJECTION SEQUENCES. . PURPOSE . Use steam cooling of uncovered region of core to delay onset of core melting . Core region is dry when runaway melt water reaction temperatures are reached. r w.. --__w_,
omes.-wsc-m:2 Eso THE CURRENT SEVERE ACCIDENT RISKS REPORT q [NUREG-1150 SECOND DRAFT (JUNE 1989)] CONSIDERS FIVE REPRESENTATIVE PLANTS j ~ PRESSURIZED WATER REACTORS (WESTINGHOUSE) SEQUOYAH 1148 MWe FOUR-LOOP ICE CONDENSER (1981) ] e SURRY 788 MWe THREE-LOOP SUB-ATMOSPHERIC (1972) i e ZION 1100 MWe FOUR-LOOP LARGE DRY (1978) BOILING WATER REACTORS (GENERAL ELECTRIC) j e PEACH BOTTOM 1150 MWe BWR-4 MARK I CONTAINMENT (1974) ~ GRAND GULF 1250 MWe BWR-6 MARK 111 CONTAINMENT (1985) 4 3 i I 4
~ = g THE CALCULATED BWR CORE DAMAGE FREQUENCIES. l ARE APPROXIMATELY ONE ORDER-OF-MAGNITUDE i LOWER THAN THE PWR FREQUENCIES MEAN CORE DAMAGE PLANT frequency per 10,000 i-TYPE PLANT reactor-years PWR SEQUOYAH 0.57 SURRY 0.41 l ZION 3.40 l I BWR PEACH BOTIlOM 0.045 GRAND GULF 0.040 4
_ ~. OANL.DWG 89C 6W7A ETO BOILING WATER REACTOR CONTRIBUTOR 8 TO j CORE DAMAGE FREQUENCY - NUREG 1150 SECOND DRAFT (JUNE 1989) j 1 1 I PEACH BOTTOM \\ N FANNM STATION BLACKOUT,47% k PhM1 WS,42% l: :: i:.I LOCA, 6% .,y.p%yj c,.,y,ff,. R4%1 TRANSIENTS,6% / j l l i GRAND GULF lANNNN1 STATION BLACKOUT,97% tNha ATWS,3% g i I ---..-...m~.
omst.wsc-une em - e STATION BLACKOUT INVOLVES FAILURE OF t AC ELECTRICAL. POWER i 1 I I L LOSS.OF OFFSITE POWER l i EMERGENCY DIESEL-GENERATORS DO NOT START AND LOAD-i I-l r i i l l SHORT-TERM LONG-TERM l STATION BLACKOUT STATION BLACKOUT i IMMEDIATE LOSS OF LOSS OF WATER MAKEUP WATER MAKEUP FOLLOWING BATTERY EXHAUSTION i 'I I i +
i CONCLUSION: THE MOST PROBABLE BWR-ACCIDENT SEQUENCE INVOLVING LOSS OF INJECTION IS STATION BLACKOUT-r STATION BLACKOUT CORE DAMAGE FREOUENCIES 9 i PEACH BOTTOM SHORT-TERM: 5% LONG-TERM: 42 % GRAND GULF SHORT-TERM: 96 % LONG-TERM: 1%- i SUSQUEHANNA* SHORT TERM: 52 % LONG-TERM: 10 % From Plant IPE (NPE 86-003) y 4 o-m n- ~ e-m
THE TIMING OF MANUAL ADS ACTUATION FOR THE SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ACCIDENT SEQUENCE HAS-BEEN VARIED OVER THREE CASES 1. NO ADS ACTUATION 2. COLLAPSED VESSEL NVATER L LEVEL AT 30% CORE HEIGHT l (EPGs REV 3) L 3. VESSEL LEVEL AT 71% CORE HEIGHT (EPGs REV 4) l ,n .',,.-r , an_
1 y. COMPARISON CALCULATIONS HAVE BEEN BA. SED UPON GRAND GULF WITH THE POWER FACTORS PROVIDED BY THE PLANT STAFF (END OF CYCLE 5) AXIAL TAF 0.3095 O.7360 0.9110 1.0292 1.1294 1.1998 l 1.2282 1.2229 1.2136 1.2094 1.1855 BAF 0.6257 RADIAL: 1.2846 1.1802 1.037 0.832 0352 VOLUME: 0.370 0.170 0.100 0.195 0.165 FRACTION 4 -e= m, .e g a_,+--eew e.-----+-c -r 'm-- >w----e -e --r4 .---wa-- e%,
{ r IF THE REACTOR VESSEL REMAINS PRESSURIZED, RELOCATING CORE DEBRIS FALLS INTO WATER ABOVE THE CORE PLATE 1 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 560 1400 e 520 1300 g N 480 1200 Cn 440 1100 H a $ g 400 1000 \\ d B e h 360 900 5 320 800 g ( 280 700 8 600 U 240 1 ~ i e 0 20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) i e ~ w ,v-,- -e w
F e.e-e 1, I.. THE STEAM - RICH SITUATION ATTENDANT TO CORE RELOCATION WITHOUT ADS PRODUCES LARGE AMOUNTS OF HYDROGEN GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29',1990 1600 720 640 1400 e -1200 4 460 g "g 1000 t! $j.00 $'g c - 320 l y e00 d 240 b 400 180 j 200 0 o l 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 l TIME (MINS)
i i i ^ MANUAL REACTOR VESSEL i DEPRESSURIZATION PROVIDES AN ADVANTAGE BECAUSE i e . STEAM COOLING OF UNCOVERED l REGION OF CORE DELAYS ONSET OF CORE MELTING ) L i . CORE IS STEAM - STARVED WHEN RUNAWAY METAL - WATER REACTION TEMPERATURES ARE I REACHED 1 ... ~.
' REVISION 3 OF THE EPGs PROVIDES t FOR MANUAL ACTUATION OF ADS AT ABOUT ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT CRAND CULT SHORT TERM STATION Bl.ACK0k7 ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 a l$$$$$$T1% t s B q,g... g l 1.00 = 880 e.94 l o ( 0 te se 60 60 40 880 [, TIME (MINS) .0 y n d ~ ~ i g... dg.i... I l G ..e 3 e ggg i 9 88 se to 60 100 sto TIME (WINS) f w -, -e
VESSEL DEPRESSURIZATION AT ? i ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT PROVIDES i 1 STEAM COOLING THAT TEMPORARILY REVERSES CORE HEATUP n.. lSMD 460. i 2000 = g 6 00 g E BSCO g 3 a g l nn GRAND GULF gg SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT a~ 2n, E 6 WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION' l 1 i g 5 ii.. m e l i l n. n in Ttur (w ss)
- 8" nn MD.
gg,4 C tie. 830. = Ig i.n w k. E E ,,n E ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MD4 E l 88 " .n. l g I tit. Q ss.e 3 a . no I 000 t
- 00 I
a 4 O i gg e to se se se ses are TIME (MINS) h m
1 y' .s, y.+ VESSEL-DEPRESSURIZATION AT ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT DELAYS L RELEASE OF SIGNIFICANT HYDROGEN L r stoo m. g i... d GRAND GULF ^ k "' E n-SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT %TTHOUT ADS ACTUATION
- 8
= ~ 3 t.9 = i L, i e to 40 se to too ato TIME (MINS) i too l = 840 490 too 480 l f~ zu CJ ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN ice I "c n l tio .o ist j to l l e e e to es se se noe its TIME (MINS)
r i ey, i VESSEL DEPRESSURIZATION AT 1 ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT DELAYS. i r E ONSET OF CORE MELTING t i 8 e c.e (: e.e f -l e.t a '.e 2 GF.4ND GULF 5 e4 SHORT RERM STA*I1ON BLACKOUT D; %TINOUT ADS ACTUATION E e.. 5 e.s i g ea e. t .i e e es .e se se too see i TIME (MINS) a (. e., f n-e.e W f e.t R e. l Qx 1, . ADS ACIVATION AY 75.0 MIN as e4 bu e.. 5 e.e 5 l e.. e-e ee 4e se se lee les T wt (wiss)
x u ee. m - -.. na- + o- - - 1 VESSEL DEPRESSURIZATION AT 1 ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT i POSTPONES THE PREDICTED CORE DEGRADATION EVENTS FOR SHORT - TERM STATION BLACKOUT 9 i EVENT TIME (MINT SWOLLEN WATER LEVEL FALLS 40.7 40.7 BEIAW TOP.OF CORE ADS ACTUATED 75.0 CORE PLATE DRYOUT 75.6 i BEGIN REIDCAT10N OF CORE ' 87.4 110.2 DEBRIS l-L . CORE PLATE DRYOUT 102.5 FIRST IDCAL CORE PIATE 116.7 111.6 FAILURE l COLIAPSE OF FUEL PELLET 166.5 186.0 STACKS IN CENTRAL CORE BOTTOM HEAD DRYOUT AND 187.4 219.5 l PENETRATION FAILURE HYDROGEN GENERATION 1890 1110 IN. VEGSEL (Ibs)
,------,-e r-
..,,-,,--w
I ed C REVISION 4 OF THE EPGs PROVIDES FOR EARLIER MANUAL ACTUATION OF ADS, AT ABOUT 71% CORE HEIGHT cRAND cetr SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0k'T ADS ACTUAT 0N AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29.1990 lit. j . 3. ii. -. i ,g... " { 7 n i.u l l L ( .. A a. i. i.. a. TIME (M1NS) u. l l.c. l e $k3'" \\ A eg. g.n i t s. h x' m TIME (MINS) i
,e EARLY VESSEL DEPRESSURIZATION (71% CORE HEIGHT) DOES NOT t PROVIDE THE BENEFIT OF STEAM COOLING eia .n, { one ano =. 2 00 spos g Es i... x i 8"' GRAND GULF SHORT 'ERM STATION BLACKOUT @ c :no ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN i
- 85c' E -
.1 g 2100 ~ g >u. t 1500 g a no .oo I i O 700 f g,,. a. TIME (MINS) 4600 t = 3600 4100 O 3750 1300 Ina 53 n. sno= g g ADS ACIVATION AT 48.2 MIN g g zico g N E ua 3, j g - ::o j
- ce g
'- ::o ,g I I ge 'I $00 S 40 40 40 40 140 12 0 TIME (MINS)
!:p f EARLY VESSEL DEPRESSURlZATION (71% CORE HEIGHT) ACCELERATES j HYDROGEN GENERATION t00 000 l.00 .0 top = 400 200 5 400 GM GM 6 i "" 6 s00 SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT g :s E ~ ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN g 888 g 3:0 a" tit to a 140 40 = a I t f 8 30 40 00 00 400 It0 Ttur (MINS) lebt 450 pt - . 400 ne i 700 300 4 a l 40 ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN 5I O g 400 3 t00 g 400 g 3 ise g n0 . i00 800 100 O to 40 00 to 100 120 TIME (MINS) m
p,..9 EARLY VESSEL DEPRESSURIZATION r (71% CORE HEIGHT) HASTENS THE ONSET OF CORE MELTING g w .? = g a GRAND G@P SHORT TERM STATICh BLACKOUT b a ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN E j 3 g i.. se. TIME (MIN.9) n, E g ADS ACWATION AT 48.2 MIN 8 5 ~ g L s l 5 e i.. TIME (MINS) . 2
'o f DELAYED ACTUATION 'OF ADS POSTPONES CORE DEGRADATION FOR THE SHORT - TERM STATION BLACKOUT ACCIDENT SEQUENCE ~ TIME (MIN) EVENT SWOLLEN WATER LEVEL FAl.1S 40.7 40.7 BELOW TOP OF CORE ADS ACTUATED 48.2 75.0 CORE Pl. ATE DRYOUT ,, 50.4 75.6 BEGIN RELOCATION OF CORE 81.2 110.2 DEBRIS FIRST 1.DCAL CORE PLATE 83.4 111.6 l FAILURE COLLAPSE OF FUEL PELLET 156.7 186.0 l STACKS IN CENTRAL CORE BO'ITOM HEAD DRYOUT AND 209.0 219.5 PENETRATION FAILURE l HYDROGEN GENERATION 1169 1110 l IN. VESSEL (lbs)
'"q f } L. ] 1 (; JUST WHEN TO MANUALLY INITIATE ADS IS A 7 .GOLDILOCKS QUESTION - l# L L (; E . TOO SOON MEANS REACTOR VESSEL WATER INVENTORY IS LOST WITHOUT COMPENSATORY STEAM ^ COOLING . TOO LATE MEANS A STEAM.- RICH. ATMOSPHERE DURING RUNAWAY METAL - WATER REACTION a
- n l
.4 j." ^ l. i
I OPINION i i t.. . FOR LOSS OF INJECTION, GOAL SHOULD ~ BE TO DELAY THE ONSET OF CORE-DEGRADATION L -PROVIDE TIME TO RESTORE PUMPING CAPABILITY - NEED = -225 GPM l . MANUAL ADS AT-ONE - THIRD CORE HEIGHT (EPGs REV 3) BE1TER SERVES THIS GOAL .-w
. - - = - - - -..........,,,.,,,,,,, .I ' Plotted Results for Case 1 Short-Term Station Blackout-Without ADS Actuation BWR,SAR Code Calculations For Grand Gulf S.A. Hodge Oak Ridge National Laboratory January,1990 ./.
____-m_.____________,__m__
?. '.,y
- 9 List of Plots 1.
Reactor vessel pressure. 2. ' Swollen vessel water level. 3. Collapsed vessel water level. + l
- 4. '
Fraction of clad reacted. S. Fraction of canister reacted. 6. Total hydrogen generated.
- 7. '
. (a) Maximum rod temperature (Zone 1). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 1). -(c) Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 1). 8. (a) ~ Maximum rod temperature (Zone 2). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 2).
- 9. '
(a) Maximum rod-temperature (Zone 3). -(b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 3). (c) Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 3). ~
- 10. _
(a) Maximum rod temperature (Zone 4). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 4). 11. Maximum rod temperature (Zone 5). - 12. - Maximum rod temperature (Zone 6). - Note: The zones represented in the plots are defined as follows: 'I Plotted Volume Power Zone Fraction Factor l 4 First Radia! 1 0.1850 1.285 Bladed Region Zone 2 0.1850 1.285 No Control Blades Second Radial 3 0.0850 1.180 Bladed Region Zo'ne -4 0.0850 1.180 No Control Blades - 1 Third Radial 5 0.0500 1.037 Bladed Region Zone 6 0.0500 1.037 No Control Blades Fourth Radial-7 0.0975 0.832 Bladed Region Zone 8 0.0975 0.832 No Control Blades Fifth Radial 9-0.0825 0.352 Bladed Region 10 0.0825 0.352 No Control Blades Zone- +)
I i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 1170 6 I l 1140 . f 7.6 m0 - L. pj u 4 7,, f 1080 w-1 7.4 j l x g g "5 2
- 7. 7 i:
e ~ d
- 1020 7
nm
- 990 6.8 960 6.6 6.4 930 900 0
20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) 1. ia n
.. g. -3 r l e, V GRAND GULF - SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 650 600 {*!' llf 1500 g ltp i e ] if, 'i h l d Gs3 N 550 .l' g] 1' M 1300 M .- [ 500 l ~~ [- o F i (- J 1. Ca2 .450 b )>;! - 1100 7 = u c 400 ';[I /)h L a .o l W Z l Ea3 a-900 ~ 350 p I, { k .Z-W 300 g. 700 O. W ^ 250 ~ 200 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 2. 'l'
^ t q d: 1 7 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT. WITHOUT ADE ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 560 1400 520-1000 c: o - IC N ,.a 480 1200 GC CD. ln GC 410 1100 'O M ^ja 400-1000 m, d b b b h 360 \\ 900 a 2: 3: k 320-800 m L o 1 la [ 280 700-1 i 3 3 b 240 600 l< g i t O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) L p. 1 3. l
r O GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION c-JAN 29,1990 0.302 ( O.272 ? 0.242 c 0.212 I f.sJ by 0.182 C1 0.152 u t Z I-2 0.122 'b Cf. u., 0.092 i O.062 0.032 0.002 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 l TIME (MINS) l l l. l i '- 4,
4, m.. GRAND GULF. SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT-WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 0.122 e + 0.102 o W O.082 CC E l C: GQ 0.062 z b 1 z l C h 0.042 l l. Q: k 0.022 0.002 O 20 40~ 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) II 5.
l GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION P JAN 29; 1990 - 1600 720 640 1400 560 1200 t.C 460 W 1000 Z t.cU 400 . z F g Ed - p 800 g 8e 320 2: l Q h 600 T 240 =2 l E 400 160 / 200 80 0 -0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 E TIME (MINS) 1 l' 6. l E m d
F; !?::./. m. i n. i
- g t.r
.r i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT-WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 - 5000 2900 4500 2600 O t 4000 E. 2300' CD -6 3500 g 1 g 2000 3000 l gkC 2 l 2 1700 2500 l- .[: .A ^OE -I ~ 2000 .2 D 2 ~ 1100 X 1500 4:.x I l 2000 800 500 g 0 20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) L l l l s 7. (a) u e p-
. l, ; o +;..; l:,t. : t J GRAND GULF .i SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT' WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 1 0.9 - k I g. u Z O, 0.7 C Wg 0.6 w2 !? 0.5 m. {: h^ l. E 0.4 U 1 L' ', z l' 2 0.3 ~[. (-- 0.2 u 0.1 f 0 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 7. (b)
- /
s - t r e GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 1 i 0.9 0.8 1 m- .C,al. 1, 0.7 J - 6 C-1 W 6 i b w2 g. 0.5 C<- 3 .O 0.4 U Zb . 0.3' U< 1 2f. A 0.2 1. 0.1 .i ) j i ( f I f I l. 0 20 40 60 -80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 7. (c)
J '4. -4 w 3/ GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 - 5000 s 2900 4500 2900 N 4000 CC Z 2300 l l 3500 c: 2000 3000 g I. $C 1700 2 l [ 2500 c l C 1400 2000 z-1 O l ~2 1100' ( 1500' x 800 1000 / 500 i t O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l< l
- 8. (e) l:
.f,, , i' l
- ,m
-u GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 1 . I 0.9 i g 0.8 ZO 0.7 i 6 e kJ 0.6 g w I M 0.5 f.s2 Z-0,4 'f 0 0 C 3500 1 m 2000 3000 .g 'N C 2 1700 2 s _y 2500 .e O: 1400 2000 2 35 1100 X 1500 2 800 1000 500 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 9. (a)
E g. < a.--x* p 4 v GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 0.90 1 d 0.81 13 5 6 0.72 w i Z O -0.63 6 mwg 0.54 w-I i Of. 'O.45 , g Z 0.36 i, U Z2 0.27 l 13 ( 0.18 0.09 .0.00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1 TIME (MINS) 4 I 1 9< (b) eL. a
(- s- ~:.r 1 { l ~ GRAND GULF. SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ' WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990- -i ' O 90 0.81 - 0.72 mM M h 0.63 e o ' l W-0.54 bw X' 0.45 _ g g 4J. a - 9' O.36 u Z 2 0.27 g.- c, Cf. A- - 0.18 ' O.09 0.00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 9. (c)
"Y 9 ~, a -. 1 i.
0 ~ ~ (a w l j 1 GRAND GULF j SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 5000 2900 4500 2600 mv 4000 W Z 2300 {, ] 3500 e D 2000 g 3000 g $ 'C 2 3 g$QQ = .c O 1400 2000 2oX \\ 1100 L y- .1500 m 500 j 1000 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) L l
- 10. (a)
U GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 1 0.9 ' q 0.8 ZO 0.7 [ 1 s. c W } g 0.6 W. 2 C:: 0.5 W g3 Z-0.4 b Z 2. 0.3 g ) 0.2 0.1 0 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 10. (b) e 4
j _. 1
n i k,.
- ,x ~...
r' -d n GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 3200 1900 2000 1700 E800 E i O 6 2300 y 1500 2 1 Q 2000 g(g 1300.g l - x, l ;' . f 1700 u e l C 1100 c: 2 ~ i, l D l 2 900 l l 1100 L. 2-700-800 500 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) i i
- ) 1.
^ 11.
- y e e 9
r p GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT WITHOUT ADS ACTUATION JAN 29,1990 5000 2900 4500 2600 l 6 4000 Z 2300 O g .{ 3500 = 2000 3000 = c 2 1700 'I 1 "y 2500 .O 1400 2000 2 32 1100 1500 m ' 300 1000 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 12. - r
9,,; i 1
- c Plotted Results for Case 2 Short-Term Station Blackout
-With ADS Actuation at 75.0 Minutes - (30% Core Height) BWRSAR Code Calculations For Grand Gulf S.A.. Hodge Oak Ridge National Laboratory January,1990 } , j [ ', p
m Q(1 ~ si ^.. List of Plots ).
- Reactor vessel pressure.
1; 2.~ Swollen vessel water level. -3. ' Collapsed vessel water level. 4. Fraction of clad reacted. 5. Fraction of canister reacted. 6. Total hydrogen generated. L 7. (a): Maximum rod temperature (Zone 1).- l'- -(b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 1). (c)' Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 1)._ l + 8. (a) Maximum rod temperature (Zone 2). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 2). I' 9. (a):-Maximum rod. temperature (Zone 3). (b): Fraction of canister melted (Zone 3). [ (c) Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 3).- j' - 10. (a)- Maximum rod temperature (Zone 4). _ (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 4). 11. Maximum rod temperature (Zone 5). u l 12. Maximum rod temperature (Zone 6). Note: The zones represented in the plots are defined as follows: 1 g. Plotted ~ Volume-Power L Zone Fraction Factor l First Radial-1, 0.1850 1.2S5 Bladed Region Zone 2 0.1850 1.285 No Control Blades Second Radial 3 0.0850 1.180 Bladed Region Zone 4 0.0S50 1.180 No Control Blades Third Radial 5 0.0500 1.037 Bladed Region l L Zone 6 '0.0500 1.037 No Con' trol Blades L Fourth Radial 7 0.0975 0.832 Bladed Region - Zone 8 0.0975 0.832 No Control Blades L Fifth Radial 9 0.0825 0.352 Bladed Region Zone' 10 0.0825 0.352 No Control Blades s m m
'p.: GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN-JAN 29,1990 1210 8.16- \\ 7.26 1010 - 6.36 510 5.46 8 4.56 . { 610 d' 3.66 s 410 2.76 1.86 210 0.96 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 1.
7 .. 1
- 4...
GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 640 1600 680 - I fl [ l ) y 1400 W i N 520 [ ? 1 W. in { 1200 CA j y t 4eo h ph a l} 5 400 1000-5._ y .1 O i tk W z g c 340 'j 600 J ' C: 280 = Z 6d0 3 220 a C k 400 160 100 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 2.
t s_y s. a E.. \\. GRAND GULF - 1 L SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT p ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 - ll 550 l l,
- b-500
~ e 1200 gg N l a 450 1-ga V-Cn y:- 1 Ed. j 400 1000 ii C 1 H g. l k ^D 350 l o o m 500- 8 l Cd 0-l Z l. y-c 300 I-i I-L g: 250 L. 5 600 l: C lC T. 200 1 i d l' C 400 l 1 i-U 150 1 i l 100 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) .i I l. 1 3.
7, n 16 ( < * - --)'., -~ r A t t GR ND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 0.142 0.122 0.102 C i ga; b< Iz: g;:: 0.0 B2 C <a U ' Z-0.062 01 4 s 1 0.042 0.022 L 0.002 0 ~20 40 60 80 100 120 . TIME (MINS) L 1 l 4 l$
E -,2 , y... r p .1 I f V r GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT 4 ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 0.072 0.065 f 0.058 = W-0.051 b W .0.044 M W b 0.037 Z <Q 'Z. .0.030 O ~ -0.023 E 0.016 0.009 0.002 0 20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) s.
o- + -;.1, L: 4 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT, . ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN i JAN 29,1990 l 700 4 [, ' PL 630 280 560-240 1 O W 490 k {, 200 Z 420 GdC Z E 160 0 l: Ed
- m. 350 M
O a ~ O :" l Cl:: ? O l 280 120 I l- ~ h 210 80 140 40 70 0 0 i 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 8.
.y G-GRAND GULF. SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990-4100 2500 2300 3700 O 2100 3300 Z-o6 ~ 2900 w D 1700 - Q 2500 l g NC E 1500 v 3 f 2100 C 1300 o C:: L 2 1700 f: 1100 l =( 1300 - 900 J; 2 i_ 900 700 500 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 7. (a)
.i p, :.., ~ i h .i c-GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 O.80 0.72 J 0 0.64 '{ sd .ZO 0.56 6 c Ed E,- 0.48 E', 7 0.40 Ed .b_. Z 0.32 <U Z L; 2 0.24 W ( 0.16 .0.08 0.00 0. 20 40 60 80 100 120
- 1. :
TIME (MINS) 7. (b)
37, 3 la; # GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 V 0.90 f 0.81 0.72 m-Ga.1 Zo-0.63 6 = 0.54 t .[ aM Xf l .g 0.45 c t 1 g. l J ~ L A 0.36 l U Z l-o 0.27 e b< A 0.18 l-i 0.09 l 0.00 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l
- 7. (c)
c p' 4"
- c-t s/
e V e. i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 4100 2500 2300 -3700 1 l 9 I 2100 1 3300 kJZ i i o 1900 j 6 2900 i - D 1700 j g .l 2500 _ g C 2 l 1500 j v ~v g I W 2100 h i 1000 l i c:: 1700 2 1100 D-E i l y' 1300 900 l - 2 i 900 700 l i i 0 [ 0 20 40 60 80 .100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 8. (a) i
p ] te a r r-e GRAND GULF SHORT. TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 : 1 l t t-0.9 F g 0.8 te ZC 0.7 6 e lag 0.6 54 2 0.5 lc Z 0.4 <U. ZO 0.3 l ..[ 0.2 0.1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 8. (b) ('
x .. ~' 4 l- ' GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN ' JAN 29,1990 4100 2500 i. 'i 3700 2300 2100 3300 w ZO 1900 2900 g IX. 1700 2500 $C 2 1500 w v 2 [ 2100 1300 M 1700 2D 1100 Ey 1300 900 3 900 700 -V 500 O-20 <40 60 80. 100 120 TIME (MINS)-
- 9. (a)
h ) 4 GRAND GULF SHORT. TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 0.72 / 0.64 8 0.56 - W ZCU 0.48 c W b W 0.40 2 = W h-0.32 E<U z 0.24 2 by 0.16 w 0.08 0.00 ~ O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 9. (b) i
i n-y; h- ,.I GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN-JAN 29,1990 0.80 c. 0.72 0.64 -M Ca.1 h 0.56 s O j W 0.48 J b W2 0.40 g C 3 9-0.32 U .j .zb 0.24 b l 1 cll { N 0.16 1- ) 0.08 0.00 l 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 l~ TIME (MINS)
- 9. (c)
-,x .2
- w
- i I
i ( GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION ~ AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 ^ 4100 I 3700 2300 Y 2100 3300 W 'Z O6 ~ 2900 w -C:: D 1700 . g 2500 g M'n n h b' 1500 y 2100 1300 l x 1700 2 {- 1100 _y 1300 900 3E - 900 700 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 10. (a)
p y,c. t. l GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 1 i o 0.9 .q 0.8 .=. g O 0.7 6 = Wh 0.6 E 2-0.5 LC E-E. Z 0.4 U Z= 0 0.3 n D 1. ^< 0,2 0.1 l l i i i e i 0 t 0 20 40. 60 80 100 120 l TIME (MINS) l,. I
- 10. (b) l.
I L l GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 I 3700' 2300 4 l 2100 3300 r A i 1900 -l y 2900 O I 1700 i w 2500 i -p 1500 .= N h 2100 i w 1300 'i 6 "3' O 1700 1100 X D l 'E' g3co x 900 I l 900 700 500 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 11.
3 [i' t I r; l GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT I ADS ACTUATION AT 75.0 MIN JAN 29,1990 4100 2300 3700 0 2100 3300 WZO 6 ~ 2900 W D 1700 'g 2500 g C 2 1500 - 3 f 2100 -i h 1300 1700 y 1100 nn y 1300 900 2 900 700 t 500 O 20-40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS) 12.
g, 's d ; ,.Q. o.- '.1 < a n. I;, p-Plotted Results for Case 3 q Short-Term Station Blackout With ADS Actuation at 48.2 Minutes (71% Core Height) BWRSAR Code Calculations. For Grand Gulf S.A. Hodge Oak Ridge National Laboratory r-l l-January,1990 l l l l l' 1 I
g 3=y -q_ es ' ' ' T.. .j D V.i b; b, .- List of Plots b 1. Reactor vessel pressure. 2. Swollen vessel water level. y 3. Collapsed vessel water level. 4. Fraction of clad reacted, r 5. Fraction of car.ister reacted. 6. Total hydrogen generated. 7. (a) hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 1). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 1). (c) Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 1). 8. (a) hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 2). (b). Fraction of canister melted (Zone 2). 9. ~ (a) hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 3). (b)' Fraction of canister melted (Zone 3). (c) Fraction of control blade melted (Zone 3). ~ I 10. (a) hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 4). (b) Fraction of canister melted (Zone 4). 11. hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 5). 12. hiaximum rod temperature (Zone 6). I' Note: The zones represented in the plois are defined as follows: Plotted Volume - Power 4 Zone Fraction Factor 1-L First Radial 1 0.1S50 1.285. Bladed Region Zone 2 0.1850 1.285 No Control Blades Second Radial 3 0.0S50 1.180 Bladed Region Zone. '4 0.0S50 1.1S0 No Control Blattes Third Radial 5 0.0500 1.037 Bladed Region Zone 6 0.0500 1.037 No Control Blades Fourth Radial 7 0.0975 0.832 Bladed Region l Zone 8 0.0975 0.832 No Control Blades l Fifth Radial 9 0.0825 0.352 Bladed Region l Zone 10 0.0S25 0.352 No Control Blades l-W
r y v s i; n, ,= GRAND GULF r SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 1210 8.16 I 7.26 1010 l= 6.36 5.46 g Qll 4.56 m dQ [E E-610 a 3.66 2 410 2.78-L 1.86 210 0.96 )I A.. _e. Aaldil 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 1.
~, i. GRAND GULF j SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990' 640 1600 1 l? l l i I .A 1 S B f' 0 1400 x ts.1 ? f"-{ f 520 .m 1 1 1200 460 .p D l :i C E ^ 400 gh 1000 5 h p' I [ a 0 E-f k on q's 600 Ct., 280 e 600 Z 'j 220 a ~Ok* 160 400 100-0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 2.
f,; < ( i .s. -, l.[1 o. -enc r GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN-JAN 29,1990 j 550 .) 500 g c: 1200 LiN i . a. 450 I4 L (n 1 to Ca: 400 1000 0 g .f 1 ^a 350 _2 800 8 LC U z Ga: - c-300 Cf. La:k 250-800 c: i ta: 4 ( 200 .<j 400 8 130 100 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 3. s,
- w..
( _ ,y f l GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN t JAN 29,1990 t 0.202 r 0.152-0.162 L. c 0.142 W y 0.122-x Cj-0.102 U . g; b 0.082 j i . g . C:l tr 0.062 0.042 l 0.022 0.002 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 4
-y i + r l' 1 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT n-ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 0.102 3 0.092 0.082 O W 0.072 l b< i _ W-l' 0.062 C; \\: w t 0.052 ' Z U l Z 0.042 l-
- Q b-l 0.032 l
' C: [a, 0.022 l 0.012 0.002 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 5.
r b', ,l' g GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 1000 450-900 400 600 350 C W - 700 + 300 m Z 600 W C 250 % k 6 W c 500 g od 200 gl:: . h 400 = 150 - J h' 300 + CF 100 l l 200 50 100 0 O O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 6.
rn I - 3 + ( i f GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 4500 2600 4100 O 3700 2300 ?,. W-Z '{_ 3300 2000 k.1 D 2900 'k 1700 0 Q 2500 6 m W b-cm 2100 1400 b p 1700 .2 1100 x 4 1300 X 800 900 i I: 500 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 l TIME (MINS) L l. l
- 7. (a)
7' y p; i ..i v7 s i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN. JAN 29,1990 1. g s 0.9 J O' O.8 v-Ea3 ZC 0,7 6 c-Ca2g 0.6 cc K 0.5 G4 M. i Z 0.4 O ZC: 0.3 t 0.2 '- i i 0.1 P' O 20 40 60 80 100 120 j l TIME (MINS) { i l' i l l l 1 l= 7. (b) 1 i
i e o l i 1 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN i JAN 29,1990 1 1 ) 0.8 m-ZC 6 i ey 0.6 eI ts C g 9 0.4 Q ZC C:f. A 0.2 0 O 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l l l
- 7. (c) l l'
v w
~~ 6 2 GRAND GULF i-SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 4500 2600 4100 1 9 3700 2300 W Z h 3000 2000 g D 2000 k M 1700 w C 2500 W r,- W b C 2!00 1400 C M Xo 1700 E 1100 x l j 1300 l l 600 l l 900 600 0 20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 8. (a) 4
1 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 t 1 N s g 0.8 f.c ZC6 e 14 _h 0.6 w I W -Z 0.4 b z9 13 <( 0.2 1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 1 B. (b)
GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 4500 2600 4100 6 3700 2300 ta:lit h 3300 2000 g C::D 2900 k= $, C 2500 2 W p C 2100 1400 C ll:: f 1700 3 1100 i x j 1300 500 l' l 900 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l l l-l
- 9. (a)
4 0 GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ALTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 1 0.9 J g 0.8 WZO 0.7 6 eW I g 0.6 WX c: 0.5 W 'Z 0.4 <U Z$ 0.3 b<( 0.2 0.1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) t i l'
- 9. (b) l l'
(- ; k.. 'f ~ _9 4 [- GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 1 [ 0,8 -M WZo6 oW 0.6 bW JE WC j j f.. 9 0.4 u-Z9 b< C:f.N 0.2 i 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 1 l l l
- 9. (c) l
t-o o m GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 4500 2600 4100 i t 9 3700 2300 wE 3000 [ 2000 e j C 2000 C: 1700 m w M C 2500 w v y w H 1400 C 2100 Ce i g p 1700 E 1100 Xy 1300 1 600 900 l. -A 500 l 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l 1 1
- 10. (a)
't Q, O I L e f GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN I JAN 29,1990 1 1 q 0.6 WZ C6 oWh 0.6 E 2 c: W b _Z 0.4 b t z9 D<( 0.2 a 0 20 40 60 60 100 120 TIME (MINS)
- 10. (b)
l O o L I l i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACKOUT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN JAN 29,1990 l 4500 1 2600 4100 6 3700 2300 W Z Os 3300 y 2000 %D 2000 1700 y m E h 2500 2 w Hc 2100 3400 0 2p 1700 3 1100 x j 1300 800 000 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) 11. t- :
i b' ! a h I i GRAND GULF SHORT TERM STATION BLACK 0UT ADS ACTUATION AT 48.2 MIN l JAN 29,1990 4500 4100 2300 6 3700 W t Z h 3300 2000 g D 2000 ku 1700 gi.1 g L 8 2500 2 te 1 H 1400 C 2100 C 2o 1700 1100 E x< 1300 g 600 900 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (MINS) l 12. .}}