ML19347B179
| ML19347B179 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 09/30/1980 |
| From: | NRC OFFICE OF STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19347B175 | List: |
| References | |
| RTR-REGGD-1.023, TASK-OS, TASK-SS-926-4 NUDOCS 8010010780 | |
| Download: ML19347B179 (28) | |
Text
_ _
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,/I U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION l
,j OFFICE OF STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT September 1980 8
DRAFT REGULATORY GUIDE AND VALUE/ IMPACT STATEMENT Division 1 o
%*u
,o Task SS 926-4
Contact:
L. Brown (301) 443-5976 PROPOSED REVISION 1* TO REGULATORY GUIDE 1.23 METEOROLOGICAL PROGRAMS IN SUPPORT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS i
A.
INTRODUCTION Paragraph 100.10(c)(2) of 10 CFR Part 100, " Reactor Site Criteria," states that, in determining the acceptability of a s'ite for a power or t
- reactor, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) will take into conside eteoro-logical conditions at the site and in the surrounding area Paragraph 50.36a(a)(2) of 10 CFR Part 50, " Domestic L hhg%fProduc-tion and Utilization Facilities," requires nuclear po,plaklicenseesto submit semiannual reports specifying the quantity
.ea
/
of the principal radionuclides released to unrestricted areas in liq id4ndgaseouseffluents and such other information as may be required Jthe/NRC to estimate maximum potential annual radiation doses to the pu icrbtaltingfromeffluentreleases.
Aknowledgeofmeteorologicalconditio{iin the\\ vicinity of the reacto important in providing a basis for me annual radiation doses resulting from radioactive materials releas ihseouseffluents.
In order for the NRC to
,f Qt[responsibilitiesundertheNational Environmental Policy Act of 69 in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 51, " Licensing a latory Policy and Procedures for Environ-mental Protection," and Appendix I, " Numerical Guides for Design Objectives b
"ThisrevisedguiHg. set (facilitiesasthepreviouseditionofthisguidethoug forth essentially the same considerations for preopera-tional progrgas foAnew with reorganizat{onif content and clarification and additional details in the discussignsi Thejanajor change relates to the addition of special considera-tions er The substantial number pf pergency preparedness (regulatory position 8). changes in this propo the changes with lines in the margin.
)
This regulatory guide and the associated value/ impact statement are being issued in draft form to involve the pubile In the early stages of the development of a regulatory position in this area. They have not received complete staff review and do not represent an official NRC staff position.
Pubile comments are being solicited on both drafts, the guide (including any leptementation schedule) and the value/ impact statement. Comments on the value/ impact statement should be accompanied by supporting data. Conwents on both draf ts should be sent tr the Secretary of the Commission. U.s. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C. 20555, Attention: Docketing and service Branch, by W 2 0 1380 Requests for single copies of draf t guides (which may be reproduced) or for placement on an automatic distribution Ifst for single copies of future draft guides in specific divisions sh)uld be made in writing to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory y
% on, trol M an Washington, D.C. 20555. Attention: Director.
DivisionofTechnicalInformationandDof
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and Limiting Conditions for Operation To Meet the Criterion 'As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable' for Radioactive Material in Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear Power Reactor Erfluents," to 10 CFR Part 50, basic meteorological information 1
Rust be available for use in assessing potentially adverse environmental effects of a radiological and nonradiological nature resulting from the construction or operation of a nuclear power plant.
In addition to the requirements for determining meteorological conditions at nuclear power plants in order to assess siting, licensing, and environmental factors, detailed meteorological information is necessary for dealing with radio-logical emergencies. Appendix E, " Emergency Plans for Production and Utilization Facilities," to 10 UR Part 50 requires each applicant for an operating license l
to include in its final safety analysis report, required by paragraph 50.34(b) of 10 CFR Part 50, plans for coping with radiological emergencies.
The plans must include criteria for determining when protective measures should be con-sidered within and outside the site boundary to protect health and safety and prevent damage to property.
In this regard, it is necessary for the applicant or licensee to establish and maintain a meteorological program capable of rapidly assessing critical meteorological parameters.
Thus, at each nuclear power plant site, there are multiple needs for programs that will adequately measure and document basic meteorological data.
These data can be used to develop atmospheric diffusion parameters that, with 1
an appropriate dispersion model, can be used to estimate potential radiation doses to the public resulting from actual routine or accidental releases of radioactive materials to the atmosphere or to evaluate the potential dose to the public as a result of hypothetical reactor accidents.
This regulatory guide describes meteorological measurement programs acceptable to the NRC staff for providing meteorological data needed to estimate these potential radiation doses.
B.
DISCUSSION Meteorological measurement programs at a nuclear power plant site should be capable of providing the meteorological information required to make the following assessments:
1-A conservative assessment by the applicant or licensee and the NRC c,[
- N aces of design basis accidents to aid in evaluating th tM potential dispersion of radioactive material from and the radio-
^
^
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N 1
I acceptability of a site and the adequacy of engineered safety features for a j
nuclear power plant in accordance with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 100.
2.
An assessment by the applicant or licensee and the NRC staff of the maximum potential annual radiation dose to the public resulting from the rou-tine release of radioactive materials in gaseous effluents.
These assessments assist in demonstrating that operations will be or are being conducted within the limits of 10 CFR Part 20, " Standards for Protection Against Radiation,"
and in ensuring that effluent control equipment design objectives and proposed operating procedures meet the requirements of Appendix I to 10 CFR Part 50.
3.
A realistic assessment by the applicant or licensee and the NRC staff of the potential dispersion of radioactive materials from and the radiological consequences of a spectrum of accidents to aid in evaluating the environmental risk posed by a nuclear power plant in accordance with 10 CFR Part 51.
4.
A realistic assessment by the applicant or licensee and the NRC staff of such nonradiological environmental effects as fogging, icing, and salt drift from cooling towers to aid in evaluating the environmental impact of a nuclear power plant in accordance with 10 CFR Part 51.
C.
5.
An assessment by the licensee and other appropriate persons of the radiological consegue es of an accidental release of radioactive material to the atmosphere.
The assessments should be used to provide guidance to persons assigned to the li'ensee's emergency organization and to appropriate local, c
State, and Federal agencies with responsibilities for coping with emergencies for use in determining (a) the need for notification and participation of local and State agencies and the NRC and other Federal agencies and (b) when appro-priate measures should be taken to protect public health and safety and prevent damage to property in accordance with Appendix E to 10 CFR Part 50.
Meteoro-logical measurement programs should provide an adequate basis for short distance (less than 16 km) atmospheric dispersion calculations.
Other regional meteoro-logical data are necessary to make dispersion estimates for long distances.
To ensure that the required data are readily available, it is important that the applicant or licensee establish and maintain contact with the Meteorologist-In-Charge at appropriate National Weather Service Offices and inventory and 1
'The name and address of the Meteorologist-In-Charge may be obtained by con-I tacting the Chief, Meteorological Services Division, National Weather Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910.
3
-. ~. - -....
....._o-make available to emergency response organizations and appropriate local, State, and Federal agencies meteorological data from other well-maintained meteoro-logical systems in the plant vicinity.
Specific guidance concerning the dispersion models to be used for evalu-ating the potential radiological consequences of design basis reactor accidents is given in Regulatory Guide 1.145, " Atmospheric Dispersion Models for Potential Accident Consequence Assessments at Nuclear Power Plants." Guidance concerning use of site-specific meteorological information by the NRC staff is being devel-oped for probabilistic assessment of consequences of a spectrum of accidents 4
to aid in evaluating risks of operation of the nuclear power plant consistent with the requirements of 10 CFR Part 51.
Guidance concerning the dispersien models to be used for evaluating the potential effects of routine releases of radioactive effluents into the atmosphere is given in Regulatory Guide 1.111,
" Methods for Estimating Atnospheric Transport and Dispersion of Gaseous Effluents in Routine Releases from Light-Water-Cooled Reactors." Additional guidance concerning the dispersion models to be used for evaluating the potential radio-logical consequences for incident response is given'in NUREG-0654, " Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Porer Plants."
When establishing a meteorological program for an initial site survey, it is essential that care be taken to locate the stations at positions where the measurements will accurately represent the overall site vicinity meteorology and, if possible, where wind patterns will not be significantly influenced by singular topographic features or by construction of plant structures at a later date.
The number of locations in the site vicinity at which meteorological measure-ments are necessary will depend largely on the complexity of the terrain in the vicinity of the site.
For example, a site in a valley or a site near a large body of water may require multiple measuring points to determine airflow patterns and spatial variations of atmospheric stability.
1
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C.
REGULATORY POSITION l
l This section describes suitable meteorological measurement programs to provide the data needed to determine meteorological conditions in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in order to assess safety and environmental factors 4
(qv) prior to plant operation and the data needed to determine when measures should be considered to protect health, safety, and property during the operational phase of the nuclear power plant.
1.
METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS To obtain the basic meteorological information required for estimates of atmospheric transport and diffusion and plant impact on the environment at a particular site, instrumentation that is capable of measuring wind direction and wind speed at a minimum of two levels and air temperature difference between a minimum of two levels should be provided on one tower or mast.
Precipitation should be measured at or near this tower.
Instrumentation should be provided for measuring air temperature on at least one level of the tower or mast cor-responding to at least the measurement height of the lower level of the primary air temperature difference measurement.
Instrumentation should be provided for measuring ambient moisture (relative humidity, dew point, or wet bulb temperature) on at least one level of the tower or mast.
Visibility and solar radiation measurements may be necessary in conjunction with cooling system assessments.
Temperature difference with height may be used to define both the horizontal and vertical standard deviations of material distribution (o and a ).
The y
z classification of stability parameters that define these standard deviations are delineated in Table 1.
Other estimators of stability parameters such as the standard deviation of vertical wind direction (09) in conjunction with minimum wind speed criteria, the standard deviation of horizontal wind direc-tion (o ) in conjunction with minimum wind speed criteria, or Richardson Number j
0 may be considered (Ref. 1).
However, use of and classification by alternative estimators other than temperature difference with height should be justified and may also require modification of the models described in Regulatory Guides 1.121 and 1.145 with appropriate justification.
The use of 0 values is not restricted to that of an indicator of diffu-0 sion.
During plant operation and in the context of real-time diffusion assess-ments for emergency conditions, the wind direction variability is an essential element in describing the extent of the plume exposure pathway and estimating potential radiological doses.
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,_m Sites with unusual air quality characteristics (e.g., high concentrations l
of airborne particulates due to ambient conditions or plant operation) may require additional instrumentation (e.g., atmospheric sampling equipment).
Additional wind, temperature, humidity, and precipitation instrumentation may be required to document site vicinity meteorological conditions due to complex mesoscale features (e.g., nonuniform terrain, coastal effects).
A particular site may warrant use of special meteorological instrumenta-tion, data analysis techniques, or field studies.
Proposed activities of this nature and the rationale for performing them should be discussed with the NRC staff prior to installation of special meteorological instrumentation or performance of special studies.
For making estimates of atmospheric transport and diffusion to a distance of 80 kilometers (50 mi) from the plant site, additional information may be needed.
If so, it may be obtained, at least in part, from stations with well-maintained meteorological systems (e.g., National Weather Service, military stations, and any other micro-meteorological stations) if these existing stations are in locations that will aid in the description of regional airflow patterns.
G 2.
SITING OF METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS The meteorological tower site should represent as closely as possible the same meteorologica', characteristics as the region into which any airborne mate-rial will be released.
Whenever possible, the base of the tower or mast should be sited at approximately the same elevation as the finished plant grade.
The tower should be located in an area where singular natural or man-made obstruc-tions or the heat dissipation system to be used during plant operation will have little or no influence on the meteorological measurEinent.s.
The height of r,atural or man inade obstructions to air mwement should ideally be lower than the measuring level to a hod ental distance of 10 times the measuring level i
height.
Whenever possible, locating the tower or mast directly downwind of the obstructions or heat dissipation system under the prevailing downwind wind directions should be avoided.
Instrumentation should be located on booms oriented into the prevailing wind direction at a minimum distance of two tower widths from the tower to preclude substantial influence of the tower upon the measurements (Ref. 2).
The aspirated temperature shields should either be pointed downward or laterally toward the north.
6
ON On the primary tower, wind speed and direction should be monitored at approximately 10 and 60 meters and at a representative higher level for stack The 10-meter level has been generally accepted throughout the world releases.
The 60-meter level as a standard meteorological reference measurement level.
Ambient tempera-generally coincides with the routine release level for LWRs.
ture should be monitored at approximately 10 meters, and ambient moisture should be monitored at approximately 10 meters and also at a height where the measure-ments will represent the resultant atmospheric moisture content if cooling towers are to be used for heat dissipation.
Temperature difference should be measured between the 10- and 60-meter levels and between the 10-meter and a higher level that is representative of diffusion conditions from stack release points.
If supplementary instrumented towers or masts are used to better define atmospheric conditions in the site vicinity, they should have locations and exposures that are indicative of meteorological conditions in the region of the plant site for which better definition is needed (e.g., emergency planning zones).
At coastal sites, the primary meteorological tower should be in such a
)
location that the upper measuring level is within the thermal internal boundary f{N layer during onshore flow conditions.
Heights of the internal boundary layer should be confirmed experimentally before the tower or mast site is chosen.
For a site with a simple coastline, a secondary tower or mast should be placed at a location where measurements. representative of conditions in the unmodified marine air can be determined. When measurements are made to define the meteoro-logical conditions in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant site with a neighbor-ing area of land across a body of water, one secondary tower should be located in the water or two secondary towers or masts should be located on cpposite Instrument he:ghts should be selected on the primary tower so that shores.
measurements representative of conditions within the internal boundary layer On are obtained while the 50-meter separation between levels is maintained.
secondary towers or mastl, instrument heights should meet the same criteria for the internal boundary layer over the shoreline.
At a valley site, the primary meteorological tower should be located so that the meteorological measurements are representative of conditions at the potential points of release.
All levels at which measurements are made should be within the same thermal internal boundary layer.
Drainage conditions and inversion depths should be confirmed experimentally before the tower site is 7
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'l chosen.
For a site with a simple nonmeandering valley that is relatively uniform in depth, a secondary tower or mast should be placed at a location where measure-ments representative of meteorological conditions outside the valley can be de^ ermined.
For a site with complex terrain, additional secondary towers or masts should be located to represent complex flow conditions.
3.
DATA RECORDERS For data acquisition on the primary tower, a dual recording system consist-ing of one digital and one auxiliary analog system should be used.
Both system accuracies should be within the specifications presented in regulatory posi-tion 4.
The wind speed and direction analog recorders should be of the con-tinuous strip chart recording type.
Multipoint strip chart recorders are considered to be sufficient for recording all other parameters.
All digital records except precipitation should consist of data sampled at intervals no longer than 60 seconds.
Precipitation should be recorded on a cumulative basis at least once per hour.
The standard deviation cf horizontal wind direction fluctuations, 00, should be determined from no less than 180 instantaneous values of lateral wind direction during the recording period (e.g., if the record period is 15 minutes, values sampled at intervals of 5 seconds or less are acceptable; likewise, if the record period is 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br />, sampling intervals of 20 seconds or less are acceptable).
f The data from the primary meteorological system (backup system when necessary) should be displayed in the control room for use during plant operation.
These data should also be displayed in the onsite technical support center and nearsite emergency operations facility as needed (e.g., emergency situations, training exercises, demonstrations).
These data should include wind direction and speed and an indicator of atmospheric stability for the past 12-hour period representa-tive of each potential release level.
Fifteen minutes is the maximum acceptable averaging period for these data.
This display should be easily accessible and should be labeled so that the information is clearly understood (e.g., direction from which the wind is blowi.ig, Pasquill stability class).
9 8
)
l 4.
SYSTEM ACCURACY Parameter accuracy for a system refers to the composite accuracy reflecting the errors introduced by sensor, cable, signal conditioner, humidity, temperature environment for signal conditioning and recording, recorders, and data reduction The errors introduced by each of the separate components of the system process.
All sensors should have should be determined by statistical methods (Ref. 3).
appropriate accuracies to meet the digital system accuracies specified below over the range of environmental conditions expected to occur during the lifetime For individual samples, all components from the sensors to the of the plant.
recording systems that contribute to measurement error are collectively defined The RSS by the root sum of the squares (RSS) method as the system accuracy.
is calculated by squaring each error, summing the squared errors, and taking For time-averaged values, those parts of the error the square root of the sum.
budget that are truly random may be decreased from their instantaneous value by dividing by the square root of the number of samples used to define the ey average value.
Then the RSS calculation can be made.
For digital systems, specific accuracies of time-averaged values by
(,)
a.
parameter should be:
(1) Wind direction:
5 of azimuth, with a starting threshold of If the wir.d direction sensor is to be used for less than 0.45 m/s (1 mph).
data, the damping ratio must be 0.4 to 0.6, inclusive, the collection of o0 with a deflection of 15 degrees and delay distance not to exceed 2 meters.
10.22 m/s (0.5 mph) for speeds less than 11.13 m/s (2) Wind speed:
(25 mph), with a starting threshold of less than 0.45 m/s (1 mph).
(3) Temperature:
0.5 C (0.9 F).
i0.15 C (0.27 F) per 50-meter height (4) Temperature difference:
interval.
11.5 C (2.7 F) or an equivalent accuracy for relative (5) Dew I ; int:
These accuracies are applicable for conditions humidity or wet bulb temperature.
where relative humidity is in excess of 60 percent and temperature is between and 86 F), which is the region of concern for evaluation.
-30 and 30 C (-22 (6) Precipitation:
by a recording rain gauge with a resolution of The accuracy of the recorded value must be within 10 percent 0.25 mm (0.01 in.).
9 of the total accumulated catch.
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(7) Time:
within 5 minutes of actual time for all recording systems.
All parameters not covered abcve should be consistent with the current state of the art for the measurement of these parameters.
b.
For analog systems, specific accuracies of time-averaged values by parameter should be the same as those above except that the accuracies for wind speed and direction records should be not more than 1.5 times those stated in regulatory position 4a.
The system accuracies should include the reduction of data from the strip chart recorder to digital form.
5.
INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE, SERVICING SCHEDULES, AND DATA AVAILABILITY The system should be protected against lightning and other severe environ-mental conditions (e.g., icing, blowing sand, salt deposition, air pollution) that may occur at the site.
The meteorological measurement system and asso-ciated controlled environment housing system for the equipment should be connected to a power system that is supplied from redundant power sources.
Meteorological instruments should be inspected and serviced at a frequency that will minimize extended periods of outage and ensure at least an annual 90 percent joint data recovery for atmospheric stability, wind speed, and wind direction at the level that represents each effluent release point.
It is essential to maintain an adequate spare parts inventory to minimize extended periods of system outage.
Annual data recovery for other individual parameters should be at least 90 percent for each parameter.
Redundant sensors and recorders at appropriate locations may also be used to achieve the required data recovery.
For the opera-tional meteorological measurement program, the gap that could exist because of failure of the primary system may be filled by a backup system to ensure con-tinuous data availability (see regulatory position 8 for additional guidance for emerge,7cy preparedness).
The systems should be calibrated at least semi-annually to ensure meeting the system accuracies presented in this guide; the calibration results should be reflected in the compiled data base.
In areas with high ambient aerosol or particulate loadings in the atmosphere (e.g., sea coastal sites, deserts), calibrations should be performed on a more frequent basis as required to maintain system accuracies.
Procedures and a log of inspection, maintenance, and calibrations should be maintained at the tower site as a controlled document and a permanent record to be made available for 10
e 7
)
review.
Any major modification of the system or environs should be docume 3
and discussed with the NRC staff.
i 6.
DATA REDUCTION AND COMPILATION The basic reduced data should be averaged over a period of 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br /> least 15 consecutive minutes of continuous data during each hour sh At to represent a 1-hour average.
Precipitation should be totaled hourly.
basic reduced data should be compiled into monthly and annual j The l
distributions of wind speed and wind direction by atmospheric stabilit An example of a suitable format for data compilation and reporting p ass.
shown in Table 2.
s is The table may be modified for specific situations.
For example, sites with a high occurrence of low or high wind speeds should additional wind speed classes.
described in Table 1.
Atmospheric stability should be classified as l
A listing should be prepared of hourly average measurements used in evaluation, and a magnetic tape containing these paraneters should b n
in the format presented in Appendix A to this guide.
An accounting of all hours should be made, with any missing data appropriately designated Minimum data requirements with respect to length of data record fo licensing actions are given in Section 2.3 of Regulatory Guide 1 70 Format and Content of Safety Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power Plants
" Standard Edition."
- LWR Certain computational schemes used by the staff for probabilistic assessment of consequences of a spectrum of accidents to aid in evalua of operation of the nuclear power plant require site-specific hour-by-hou meteorological data over a period of a whole year.
To aid in assessing the impact of plant operation on the environment, joint frequency distributi summaries of wind direction and speed, atmospheric stability class on data humidity that will permit the description of the frequency and extent of f
, and relative and icing conditions caused by plant operation should be compiled ogging j
7.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
)
A quality assurance program that is consistent with the provision D
dix B, " Quality Assurance Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants an n-Plants," to 10 CFR Part 50 should be established for both the meteo rological 11
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c asurement program prior to nuclear power plant cperation and for the meteoro-logical measurement program in support of the operation of the nuclear power plant.
Chapter 17 of NUREG 75-087, " Standard Review Flan for the Review of Safety Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power Plants, LWR Edition," and Regulatory Guide 1.33, " Quality Assurance Program Requirements (Operation)," provide further guidance.
8.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Provisions should be made for remote interrogation of all utility-maintained meteorological systems during emergency situations.
These systems should have the capability of being remotely interrogated simultaneously by the licensee, emergency response organizations, and the NRC without interruption of the data-gathering process.
This capability may be acquired by the installation of a dial-up connection for an 80-column ASCII terminal via telephone lines (e.g.,
I output format of RS-232-C in FSK).
The transmission rate (s) should be compatible with receiving system (s) of the appropriate state (s) and counties and of the NRC.
The system should have the capability of recalling 15-minute averages of meteorological parameters from at least the previous 12-hour period.
The resolu-tion of the data should meet the system accuracy specifications given in regula-tory position 4.
An example of a suitable format for the meteorological data is given in Appendix B to this guide.
All sites with operating nuclear power plants should have a viable backup system to obtain real-time local meteorological data.
Such a system would pro-vide meteorological information when the primary system is out of service, thus providing assurance that basic meteccological information is available during and immediately following an accidental airborne release.
An independe'nt 2
system (e.g., mobile meteorological equipment) should be established for obtaining measurements of wind direction and speed representative of the 10-meter level and a seven-category (classes A through G) estimator of atmospheric stabil-ity (e.g., temperature difference with height, wind direction fluctuations as "An independent system can be a system installed and maintained by the licensee specifically for the purpose of providing redundant site-specific meteorological i
information.
This system can be an existing system to which the licensee can access and should be capable of providing the designated continuous information i
representative of the site environs.
12
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l 1
+
categorized in Table 3).
This information should be representative of the site environs and should include data from multiple locations when necessary.
The backup system should provide information in a real-time mode in the event neces-sary parameters from the primary system are not available.
Changeover from the primary system to the backup system should occur within 5 minutes.3 Such information should be presented in place of the lost record as outlined in Appen-dix B.
A functional backup communications link should also be established to ensure interrogation capability.
NUREG-0654, " Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Power Plants," provides further guidance on special considerations for the meteorological program during the operational phase of the nuclear power plant.
D.
IMPLEMENTATION The purpose of this section is,to provide information to applicants and licensees regarding the NRC staff's plans for using this regulatory guide.
/.-()
This proposed revision has been released to encourage public participation in its development.
Except in those cases in which an applicant proposes an acceptable alternative method for complying with specified portions of the Commission's regulations, the I..ethod to be described in the active guido reflecting public comments will be used in the evaluation of all applications that are docketed after, or are in review at, issuance of this guide.
This guide will also be used in staff reviews conducted in accordance with emergency planning schedules as delineated in the amendments to the regulations published in the Federal Register on August 19, 1980.
Paragraph 50.54(s) of 10 CFR establishes an implementation date of April 1, 1981, for emergency response plans to be upgraded and specifies April 1, 1982, as the date by which emergency support facilities, including meteorological systems, are expected to be fully operational.
"The unavailability goals snould be less than 0.001 for each individual parameter as outlined in NUREG-0696, " Functional Requirements for Emergency Response Facilities." Planned outages and preventative maintenance schedules should not be coincident for the primary and backup meteorological systems.
The
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availability goals should be applied to unplanned outages, e.g., resulting
(
)
from a lightning strike.
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REFERENCES
- 5. R. Hanna, G. A. Briggs, et al., "AMS Workshop on Stability Classifica-tion Schemes and Sigma Curves--Summary and Recommendations," Bulletin of 1.
December American Meteorological Society, Vol. 58, No. 12, p. 1305-1309, Tf/7.
R. C. Hilfiker, " Exposure of Instruments," chapter in Air Pollution Meteorology, USEPA Air Pollution Training Institute, Research Triangle 2.
Park, North Carolina (September 1975).
CEP Brooks and N. Carruthers, Handbook of Statistical Methods in Meteor-ology, M.0. 538, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London (1953), Chapter 5 3.
l 0
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14
TABLE 1
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CLASSIFICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY BY TEMPERATURE CHANGE WITH HEIGHT Stability Pasquill Temperature Change Classification Categories with Height ( C/100 m)
Extremely unstable A
AT/az 1 -1.9 Moderately unstable B
-1.9 < AT/az 1 -1.7 Slightly unstable C
-1.7 < AT/az 1 -1.5 Neutral D
-1.5 < AT/az $ -0. 5 Slightly stable E
-0.5 < AT/az 1 1.5 Moderately stable F
1.5 < AT/az 1 4.0 Extremely stable G
4.0 < AT/az O
l 15 m
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- q em TABLE 3
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1 T4 CLASSIFICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY
- n BY SIGMA THETA y;
nit:
o*
_;J Stability Pasquill (degr$es) m Classification Categories
.n M
1 22.5 Extremely unstable A
00 t
Moderately unstable B
22.5 > 0 1 17.5 0
Slightly unstable C
17.5 >
1 12.5 0
Neutral D
12.5 > 0 1 7.5 0
Slightly stable E
7.5 > og 1 3.8 Moderately stable F
3.8 > 0 1 2.1 0
Extremely stable G
2.1 > 00
)
" Standard deviation of horizontal wind direction fluctuation over a period of 15 minutes to 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br />.
17
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APPENDIX A FORMAT FOR HOURLY METEOROLOGICAL DATA (0 BE PLACED ON MAGNETIC TAPE Use:
9 track tape (7 will be acceptable)
Standard Label, which would include Record Length = 160 characters Block Size = 3200 characters (fixed block size)
Density = 1600 BPI prefc red (800 BPI will be accepted)
Do not Use:
Magnetic tapes with unformatted or spanned records.
(For guidance on tape formatting and a description of tape attributes, see Tables A-1 and A-2.)
At the beginning of each tape, use the first five records (which is the equivalent of ten cards) to give a tape description.
Include plant name and location (latitude, longitude), dates of data, information explaining data contained in the "other" fields if they are used, height of measurements, and any additional information pertinent to identification of the tape.
Make sure ali five records are included, even if some are blank.
Format for the first five records will be 160A1.
Meteorological data format is (16, 12, I3, 14, 25FS.1, F5.2, 3F5.1).
Decimal points should not be included when copying data onto the tape.
' All data should be given to a tenth of a unit except solar radiation, which should be given to a hundredth of a unit.
This does not necessarily indicate the accuracy of the data (e.g., wind direction is usuallv given to the nearest degree, but record it with a zero in the tenth's place; therefore, 275 degrees would be 275.0 degrees and placed on the tape as 2750.) M. nines in any field should indicate a lost record (9S999).
All sevens in a wind direction field should indicate calm (77777).
If only two levels of data are monitored, use the upper and lower level fields.
If only one level of data is monitored, use the upper level field.
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TABLE A-1 MAGNETIC TAPE METECR0 LOGICAL DATA LOCATION:
DATE OF DATA RECORO:
16 Identifier (can be anything)
I2 Year 13 Julian Day I4 Hour (on 24-hr clock)
ACCURACY F5.1 Upper Measurements:
Level =
meters F5.1 Wind Direction (degrees)
F5.1 Wind Speed (m/s)
__ F5.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
F5.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
F5.1 Moisture:
(^')
FS.1 Other:
Q/
FS.1 Intermediate Measurements:
Level =
meters FS.1 Wired Direction (degrees)
F5.1 Wind Speed (m/s)
FS.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
F5.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
FS.1 Moisture:
F5.1 Other:
FS.1 Lower Measurements:
Level =
meters F5.1 Wind Direction (degrees)
F5.1 Wind Speed (m/s)
F5.1 Sigma Theta (degrees)
F5.1 Ambient Temperature ( C)
F5.1 Moisture:
._ _ F 5.1 Other:
)
0 19 i
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-... =.. - -.. -...
TABLE A-1 (Continued)
F5.1 Temp Diff (Upper-Lower) ( C/100 meters)
F5.1 Temp Diff (Upper-Intermediate) ( C,'100 meters)
Temp Diff (Intermediate-Lower) ( C/100 meters)
F5.1 F5.1 Precipitation (mm) 2 F5.2 Solar Radiation (cal /cm / min)
FS.1 Visibility (km)
F5.1 Other:
F5.1 Other:
4 0
20
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TABLE A-2 DATA TAPE ATTRIBUTES USE KEYWORDS IBM CDC 1
Mode:
9-track, 1600bpi, EBCDIC UNIT = TAPE 9, DEN = 3 NT, PE, EB, 5, CM = Yes 2
Internal Labels:
none LA,EL = (;NL)
Record Format:
fixed length / blocked RECFM = FB RT = F, BT = K Record Length:
160 characters LRECL = 160 FL = 160 Blocking:
3200 characters / block BLKSIZE = 3200 RB = 20 N
00 NOT USE Variable length or unformatted records or records that span tape blocks, e.g.:
IBM's RECFR = U or VBS.
CDC SCOPE standard tape data format (use the S parameter on the REQUEST to avoid this).
OTHER SYSTEMS For systems other than IBM or CDC, the above information should be used as a guideline to produce tapes with similar characteristics.
19-track, 800 bpi BCDIC or 7-track, 800 or 556 bpi, BCD are also acceptable.
2IBM standard labels are also acceptable.
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l APPENDIX B FORMAT FOR DATA INTERR0GATION FROM METEOROLOGICAL SYSTEMS To facilitate the remote interrogation requirements and the ability of I
the NRC to correctly access and use meteorological data, the procedures outlined A series of data bases should be coupled to executable below should be followed.
codes to yield a file containing pertinent site information and selected meteoro-f logical data for emergency planning and for use during emergency situations.
The access codes and execution instructions unique to the operational system should be documented and provided to the NRC and other appropriate organizations prior to implementation.
The information to be accessed should be available by executing an online Upon execution of the code, a query should be initiated requesting a program.
meteorological data base starting and stopping time.
The user response will be in the form of three free field entries composed of two time entries and the number of previous hours for which diffusion estimates are to be provided; i.e., YYJJJHHMM (starting time), YYJJJHHMM (stopping time), I (0 to 12), e.g.,
801830015 801831200 12.
A zero (0) or an all nine (999999999) field for stop-ping time should conclude the data set with the most recent set of observations The and should continuously update for the duration of the log on session.
system response should include site descriptor, meteorological data field descriptor, and meteorological data from the previous I number of hours.
The information presented in the output file should identify site informa-tion contained within a 10-record block (mandatory filling of 10 lines with blanks, if necessary). These records should include the following items as a minimum:
utility, plant names, plant location, elevation at the base of the meteorological tower, measurement heights above grade for meteorological param-eters to be presented, and any additional information pertinent to identification The informa-of the site, tower, or parameters, e.g., last calibration date.
tion should state whether the primary system is fully operational; if not, so indication should be given for those parameters that represent values recorded l
i by the backup system.
Suspect or lost data should be identified by the appro-The format for the site descriptor is given in Table B-1.
priate error code.
4 I
22
,i The meteorological information should be preceded by a 3-record block that provides a descriptor for each field of data.
This 3-record block should be repeated for every 6-hour block of meteorological data, i.e., every 24 records.
The format for the meteorological data field descriptor is given in Table B-2.
The meteorological data considered critical in emergency situations for initial estimation purposes should be provided by transmission.
The list of parameters to be transmitted, which could be altered as procedures for evaluat-ing the consequences of radioactive release change, should include 15-minute-averaged wind speed and direction at all measured levels, standard deviation of the horizontal wind direction fluctuations (o ) at all measured levels, 0
vertical temperature difference for all measured layers, ambient and dew point temperature at the 10-meter level, and the precipitation total for the 15-minute
~
period.
All nines in any field should indicate a lost record or a parameter not monitored.
All eights in any field should indicate the sensor is in place and recording, but, the information is deemed suspect.
All sevens in the wind direction field should indicate calm.
If only two levels of data are monitored, n
)
the upper and lower level fields should be used.
If only one level of data is monitored, use the upper level field.
The format for presentation of the meteorological data record is given in Table B-3.
4 23 gr
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TABLE B-1 SITE DESCRIPT0R DATA FORMAT (8 Mandatory Records)
Record
. Format Content 1
80A1 Organization / Utility Name 2
80A1 Plant Name/ Tower Identification 3
80Al See Coding Form (Figure B-1) 4 F10.5 Latitude of Containment (degrees North)
F10.5 Longitude of Containment (degrees West)
F10.0 Elevation of Base of Meteorological Tower (feet abova MSL)
SX Blank A10 Current Date A10 Current Time (session log on) 5 80Al See Coding Form (Figure B-1) 6 F5.1 Height of Wind Sensor Upper Level (meters) 1 F5.1 Height of Wind Sensor Intermediate i+.el (meters)
F5.1 Height of Wind Sensor Lower Level (meters) 1 5X Blank F5.1 Upper Level Height of Temperature Difference (upper to lower measurement) (meters)
[
L FS.1 Lower Level Height of Temperature Difference (upper to lower measurement) (meters) b SX Blank F5.1 Upper Level Height of Temperature Difference (apper to f
intermediate measurement) (meters)
[
F5.1 Intermediate Level Height of Temperature Difference I
L (upper to intermediate measurement) (meters)
SX Blank F5.1 Intermediate Level Height of Temperature Cifference (intermediate to lower measurement) (meters)
FS.1 Lower Level Height of Temperature Difference (inter-mediate to lower measurement) (meters)
SX Blank F5.1 Height of Ambient Temperature Lower Level (meters)
FS.1 Height of Dew Point Temperature Low - Level (meters)
F5.1 Precipitation Gauge Height (meters) 7-10 80Al Comment Section 24
7 1
l TABLE B-2 METEOROLOGICAL DATA FIELD DESCRIPTOR (3 Records for Every 6 Hours of Data)
Record Format Content 1
80X Blank 2
80A1 See Coding Form (FigJre B-2) 3 80X Blank O
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TABLE B-3 METEOROLOGICAL DATA FORMAT (1 Record Per 15-Minute-Averaged Data Set)
Format Content 12 YEAR I3 JULIAN DATE 12 HOUR (on 24-hour clock) 12 MINUTE (ending observation)
F4.0 WIND DIRECTION (degrees)* UPPER LEVEL F4.0 WIND DIRECTION (degrees)* INTERMEDIATE LEVEL F4.0 WIND DIRECTION (degrees)* LOWER LEVEL 1X BLANK COLUMN F4.1 WIND SPEED (m/s) UPPER LEVEL F4.1 WIND SPEED (m/s) INTERMEDIATE LEVEL F4.1 WIND SPEED (m/s) LOWER LEVEL 1X BLANK COLUMN F3.0 SIGMA THETA (degrees) UPPER LEVEL F3.0 SIGMA THETA (degrees) INTERMEDIATE LEVEL F3.0 SIGMA THETA (degrees) LOWER LEVEL 1X BLANK COLUMN F5.1 TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE ( C/100 m) UPPER-LOWER F5.1 TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE ( C/100 m) UPPER-INTERMEDIATE F5.1 TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE ( C/100 m) INTERMEDIATE-LOWER IX BLANK COLUMN F5.1 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) LOWER LEVEL 1X BLANK COLUMN F5.1 DEW POINT TEMPERATURE ( C) LOWER LEVEL 1X BLANK COLUMN F 5.1 PRECIPITATION TOTAL (mm) GROUND LEVEL l
1X BLANK COLUMN i
Il PASQUILL STABILITY CLASS OR EQUIVALENT TO BE ASSUMED FOR DIFFUSION ESTIMATES (1 = A, 2 = B, 3 = C,..., 7 = G)
" Wind direction indicates the direction from which the wind is coming.
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