ML19312B670
| ML19312B670 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crane  |
| Issue date: | 10/22/1979 |
| From: | Lewis M AFFILIATION NOT ASSIGNED |
| To: | Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 7911070381 | |
| Download: ML19312B670 (20) | |
Text
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Marvin I. Lswis 7,,
- 4N 6504 3radford Terrace Phila. ?A 19119 s
NBLg 10- 22-79.
Atomic Safety and Licensing Board MCQ In the Matter of Three Mile 1 sland Nuclea-* pcwer {t on Uni: No 1 Occket No. 50 -299 ( Resta::
or preferably Permanent Closing.)
1 As ordered by the 3 card, I as mailing in my present contentions in final 1
form. Ihis is not to say that forever and a day, that these are my only contentions.
"his cutoff date is gossly unfair. Several other participants have pointed the unfaliness of the cutoff date and pointed it out well.
Furthermore, thenuclearpowerplantat[hreeMileIslandhasphysically demonstrated that it does not hanor cutoff dates. I.'.II!2 did not file nor put in contentions before having its continuing Class 9 accident which started on 3/29/79.
I am not being derogatory of the 3 card's actions.
I am merely pointing out that the physical reality does intrude upon the Hearing schedule.
I also note that filing contentions -no matter how impottant er how serious-is extremely difficult after the final date for filing within the 3 pdc rules and procedures.
I contend that the NRC implementation of its :ules,interpretat;.cn of its regulations and general treatnent of the participating public does inhibit the full disclosure of dangers and other matters which can and do harn the health and safety of the public.
In a nutshell, I observe that the NRC believes that a Class 9 accident will not happen if the right piece of paper is generated. This is only true if that pieve of paper is hanest and-honestly derived.
I contend that t'_ a the NRC interpretation of rules, implementati:n of procedures, and treatment of interveners is dcne in such a way to hide any major danger in the operation of a nuclear power plant, to Obsfucate the great dangers in the nuclear fuel cycle add specific 117 and especially to license the wrc=gful and distressing reopening of this most dangerous reactor site.
I contend that the 3RC does act and react in such a way that the public's rignt to know is reduced Oc zero.
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2.
I contend that the NRC acts or reacts in such a cay to siiisise, ignore, i
contradict the existence of and not allow any majof problemi nto the consideration of the licensing of a nuclear power plant. Considering that this proceeding concerns the licensing of a most dangerous reactet en the most dangerous site in the USA, the NRC will call its ability to ignore and denigrate major health and safety problems in the operation of a nuclear power plant to its absurd utmost.
The NRC treatsent of this licensing proceeding can and will increase the danger existing at the TMI site to the health and safety of the public by the licensing of a most dangerous nuclear power plant at this sost dangerous site.
The NRC's Staff's use, sisuse and abuse of the interpretation of the rules,
ad=inistration of procedures, and treatment of public participants clearly desenstrates how the participation and effectiveness of public participation and effectiveness is reduced and sometimes elisinated by Staff actions.
Particularly, the Staff even used gross insult to dissaude intervener participation.
I was called and made arrangements to meet with the NRC staff in Harrisburg.
Iens
' Roms 106 on 10-16-79 ofthe Harrisburg Ecst Inn at or around 771.
'ted that the utility was there in the fers of 3. 31ake. I asked
,e' senior NRC lawyer if it was required that the utility be there.
Mr Tourtelotte answered
,"Yes."
I asked that he put it in writing that the utility was required to be there.
Me 2curtelotte refused.
To clarify, I asked if he seant that the utility was required to be :here but that he would not' put it in writing.
At this instant, Mr 2curtelette of the NRC started blowing bubble gun bubbles in my face.
This is the first time that I have seen gross insult en :he part of the NRC to dissaude public participation.
Gross insult is a cuisination of a pattern used by the NRC to dissaude citizen participation.
Elements of this pattern include but are not limited to the folicwing:
A. The 3 card's order in the present proceedhgs to limit the time of lini;ed appearance statements to 5 minutes in viclation of the 1st amendment to the US Constitution, fair treatment and gross desenstrstien of insensitivity of th part of the 3 card to the suffering of the citi: ens of the Harrisburg area.
- 3. ?a2: history of XRC interpretation of the rules in such a way to lini or eIolude intervencrs.
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3.
- 3. Continued.
Although reproducing my submittals was donc for ma by the NRC in Occlet RM 50-3 without objection by the Staff, the Staff objects to reproducing and distributing submittals as financial assistance in these proceedings where the participants are even more strapped financially than the participants ta Oceket RM 50-3.
Remember the participants in Locket RM 50-3 had not suffered auf financial loss due to the accident at *hree Mile Island at the time of the R1 50-3 2 earings.
C, Ocnsolidation is used as a means to reduce and elisinate participatics of the public intervenors as a part of an NRC Pattern to hide important dangers to the public from the operation of a nuclear power plant.
24 These patterns of limiting the eff ectiveness and participation of the public is not limited to this proceeding.
2700 redundast J
repetitive interogatories were required to be answered by the
)
intervenors in an incredibly short period oftime in the Susquehanna i
hearings. This is an obvious and cruel attempt to stretch public participants to and past their financial breaking point.
E.
The 3RC had enbarked upon a sales policy which would greatly decrease access to documents by the public.
This sales policy has been delayed to 10-31-79.
yhis is just one more attempt on the part of the NRC to make citizen participation even more difficult.
g, F. Although the Staff made every attempt to help the utility meet with all participants, thejtadfenosuchattempttohelpme meet with the other intervenors.
[: '. ' :
Ihis is obvious bias en the part of the Staff to help the utility while ignoring yhe public participants.
This is a form of financial assistance to to utility, the very same financial assistance that the Staff objects to supplying to the intervenors.
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4 I contend that The Three Mile Island Number 1 Nuclear power Station is so regulated that its operation challenges many or all of my rights as a citizen of the United States and a citizen of the Con =onwealth of ?ennsy17ania.
pregnant I eq=Te An hat evacuation of/ women and small children did protect
- tad t e
s only/ women and small children in the Three Mile Area.
It did in no way protect = ales from the effects of radiation in the Three Mile Area.
Pennsylvania law includes an equal rights amendment.
The ?ennsylvania IRA requires that both sexes be treated equally.
The treatment of the sexes was not equal during this accident.
Small children were evacuated principally with their mothers.
Pregnant wesen are a subgroup of the population which includes only females.
The media and the NRC proclamations did not attempt to warn or evacuate cales who were or could have been in a sub-group of the population which was particularly sensitive or overexposed to radiation. For instance, transient labor on nuclear power plant sites are often exposed to the legal (NRC) limit of allowable radiation exposure and then laid off.
This subgroup of the male population would be over their legal allowable limit if they received any further radiation exposure.
?urther, elderly or sickly sales were excluded from the group which was warned to. evacuate.
However, tne elderly and sickly are a subgnoup which contains many of the more radiation sensitive seabersof the general population.
I contend that this unequal treatment of thehexes would affect me i
directly during a Class 9 accident at OMIf1 in that woman were warned to leave the area while men were not ; that at sy distance of 90 miles from the TMI site, I as within the killing :ene of a nuclear reacter and that being a sale, I would not receive adequate warnin4 to evacuate the area when the killing zone of the Class 9 accident at IMI reaches the 150 IM lethal ene specified in NEC Occuments.
Further, evacuation of pregnant women and small children sistreats women and s=all children in a different way than it sistreats sen.
According to the Pennsylvania Zqual Rights Amendment, both sexes sust be treated equally.
This seans that treating or mistreating either sex to the benefit or hars to the other is in violation of State law.
If th NRC can violate State law concerning the ?A IRA, the NRC can violate State law on any statute.
Murder is in the Pennsylvania State Penal Code. The NRC has shown that it caa ignore State law in that it did evacuate pregnant women and children while not warning men.
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5.
I contend that the NRC has shown that it is willfully breaking State Law in the form of the Pennsylvania Squal Rights Amendment in that the NRC and State Officials' warned uragnant women and small arek children to flee er evacuate the Three Mile /while not warning men of the dangers that they also shared.
I contend that the NRC has shown an unwillingness to warn =en of danger while wa=ing pregnant women and mothers with small children to flee or evacuate.
I contend that this unwillingness to warn men puts my b+4 life in an endangered position in that I, as a man, weild not get adequate warning add would not get equivalent warning that the NRC has shown that it is willing and has g&n given to wcmen in the past.
Appropriate laws may be ignored at a time of emergency.
Firemen may enter a burning house to save the occupants even if the evner objects.
Rowever, inappropriate laws may not be abridged in the name of an
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emergency.
?or instance in the example of a burning hcuse above,
tne firemenn/
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aynot then loot the house after saving theoccupants lives.
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Ivacuating pregnant women and small children with their mothers is and was appropriate during the Three Mile Island Accident.
Liniting said warnings to pregnant woman and small children was inappropriate and illegal 1
in that it didf ignore segments of the adult male 3Hypany population who were equally c ly at risk frca radiation.
I contend that ign._ ng the effects of radiation upon the adult male populatica puts me in special jeopardy and danger in that I am a nesber of the adult ma'a population and that frem the history cf how XRC + has not given adequate warnlig to the members of the adult male popu2nics in the past, I cannot expect adequate emmee warning frem the XRC in the future when IMI #1 goes back on line and has its class 9 accident with a killing :ene going out to 150 IM.
?urther, I centend that the NRC"s breaking ofState law does form a I
t pattern.
I centend that that pattern is getting more flagrast and evil I
continucusly.
I centend that the IRC is '
breaking the State law agiinst rurder, in that the HRC will eventually allow the operation of a scst dangercus reactor on this most dangerous site to the endangernent and eventual 1 css of Pennsylvania residents lives in a future Class 9 add =- accident Oc protect the profitability of a pen. privately owned electric uillity.
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I ha've shown how the patern of the NRC brecking, avoiding - -
and ignoring Pennsylvania law will endanger =e and can endanger me and does endanger me.
I contend that allowing, countenancing or not objecting to any infringement of Pennsylvania law by the NRC and the utility invites greater infringement of Pennsylvania law until a
situation will arise wherein the NRC will allow the operation of a most dangerous reactor on this most dangerous site and wherein lives will bo taken in a Class 9 accident.
This is murder in that the NRC will have allowed the operation of a dangerous reactor that is known thru NRC's crn doc,u=ents tobe able to
,, kill people up: to 150 IM fron the site and that the justification for said action will be the financial viability of the utility.
Trading dollars fer human lives is murder.
I further contend that the operation of the nuclear power plant situated on Three Mile
-.e
.i Island does infringe breal and ignan the Penna.
Equal Rights Amendment in that A.
wecen, especially pregnant women who have life growing within them which nay be as such as 10,000 times = ore susceptible to radiation damage than adult, white males, are more susceptible to radiation damage than sen.
Further, a:7 damage to the radiation sensitive fetus does translate to damage to the women who carries itjincrding but not limited to the standpoint of physical desgo. damage as in the case :
of a spontaneous abortion; sental damage as it the case of radiation related retardation; esoSignal damage as jn the case of fear driving women to have sedically induced abortions; financial damage as in the case wherein the radiation effects and :he f ear of radiation eff ects sust be paid for asually by the women herself.
3.
Pregnant women and nothers with preschool children were evacuated from a 5 mile radius.
Men were not even warned. This did place a physical and psychological burden upon women and mothers of small children which was difficult i ' or impossible for men ':o share.
Placing a burden upon pregnant women and sothers of small children which was difficult or impossible for men to share fu1*:.y is a direct and obvious violation, infringement and breaking of tha Pennsylvania law in the irs of the EPl.
C.
Releases of Cesium 37 Irypton85, and iodine 131 affected women and f e tuses in the womb more than it affected sost men.
These isotopes and others do concentrate La fatty tissue.
These isotopes also
- encentrate in growing fetuses.
Temen datto biologically significait reascus generally carry more fatty tissue than men.
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C. Continued.
Since women in general concentrate more cesium 37, krypton 85, iodine 131 in fatty tissue or in fetuses growing witin them, women are mare affected by emissions from a nuclear power plant during normal operations and accident conditions.
The NRC has deliberately and willfully violated, ignored and broken the Pennsylvania ERA in that the NRC has and is agaig. g p ing to n
license a nuclear power plant on Three Mile Island /thru normal operations and accident conditions will deny women the right to live in reproductive security and freedom which is their right granted under Pennsylvania Law thru the IRA.
If the utility and the NRC can so blithely break a state law concerning I
equal rights for men and women, then the utility and the 3RC is at the threshhold of breaking State l'aw forbidding nurder by licensing a nuclear power plant which is situated on the =ost dangeroussite in the United States.'
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8.
I contend thnt Throo Mile Island #1 is designedysdosigucd, opsrat&d, t
- managed, regulated, or flawed in such a manner that its operation or l
resumption of its operation invited an g Class 9 accident similar to or even worse than the Class 9 accident /which occurred to its twin, Three Mile Island #2 and is continuing to thii date.
Specifically, I contend that the Three Mile Island No 1 plant is so designed that resumption of its operation invitas another Class 9 accident similar or worse than the class 9 accident that happpened to IMIf2 and is continuing.
I specifically contend that the design flaws whichhavecontributedtotheylass9accidentatThreeMileIsland32 and are repeated in Three Mile Island #1 include but are not linited to A.
Control room:
The physici demands that the dcsign of the Oontrol room places upon the operators confuse-and frustrate
- the operators during transients, SCRAMS, alarms and even normal operation.
Carroll Wilson points out in the 3u11etin of Atesin Scientists, June 79, that the Navy designed their centrol rooms on nuclear submarised so that one man could control the reactor and all dials were in view by that one man turning his head.
In the present IMI#1 design, a crew of 6 is required in the cent =1 room.
There are areas of the control rocawherein the monitoring of gauges is spane or seldom done.(I13 report and lessons Learned.)
3.
Filters: There are New filters on the auxiliary building of IMI#2.
- here are no similar structures on the auxiliary building of IMIf1.
Further,preheaters must be placed on the filters of the auxiliary building because they got wet during the accident on 3/28/79 in IMIf2.
T o sitigate a similar accident in IMIf1, preheaterson the filters in the auxiliary building of 2M!#1ere necessary.
There are many design errors in the filter system and design of same.
I a= presenting the above as examples of a larger problem.
I.centend that the demonstrably poor operation of Three Mile Island No 1 invites a Class 9 accident sisilar to or worse than the accident which occurred at OMI#2 en 3/29/79 and is centinuing.Specifically, I' refer te j
the fc11owing errors in operation:
1 Resumption of operatien would preclude use of the tanks at TMIf* if and when the tanks at IMIf1 are needed for a dump from the da= aged i
!"If2 reactor as stated will be needed by Chairman Hendrie (9-23-79.)
3.
The front end of the fuel cycle will kill over one million humans for every year of operation of a 1,0C0 M7(e) nuclear power plant.
Therefore, it is a satter of conscience to protest the nuclear fuel cycla whersever : can. ( Or Reginald L. Gotchy in swcrn testimony before the TM y2 licensing 3 card admitted to these numbers.)
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9.
Spccifically, I contend that the Three Mile Island no 1 plant is so managed so that its operation or resumption
-> 2;, tan of its operation invites another Class 9 accident similar tm or even worse than the Class 9 accident which occurred to its twin, IMIf2,and is continuing to this day.
I refer herein specifically to the " mind st' mentioned in the Ii2 Report and the Lessons learned Report.
3poeifically, I contend that the Three Mile Island No 1 plant is so regulated so that its operation or resumption of its operation invites another Class 9 accident similar to or even worse than the Class 9 accident which occurred to its twin, TMIf2, and is continuing to this day.
I, specifically, contend that the regulation of TMIf1 isperpetuating design crrors.
Commissioner Kennedy stated the problem very well on 6-12-79.
"Seme have argund that encouragement ofs standardication by the regulators would be pr motional and might eveninkibitadoptionofessentialsafety features.
They assertedthat errors once made would be perpetuated and l
proliferated."
I also centend that the regulation of IMIf1 is not adequate to protect no in ? hila. from ingesting milk produced in the TMI area which would be contaminated during another Class 9 accident ; that the regulation of the nuclear power plants at IMI does not increase the reliability of the ?JM grid,from which part of the electricity which I use,is obtained.
Specifically, I contend that the Three Mile Island No 1 is so flawed that its operation or resumption of its operation invites another Class 9 accident similar to or even worse than the Class 9 accident which occurred to its twin, IMIf2, and is continuing to this date.
37 flaws, I as referring specifically to failures of =ateria13 and components or combinations thereof.
Izamplesinclude but are not 11 sited te pipe cracking.
Pipe cracking has been a problem in LTR's for several 1
years. Ecwever, pipe cracks have a specisi significance at CMI!2 and therefore TMIf1, a twin to CMIf2.
Pipe cracking is monitored by scasuring leak rate.
I submit that the TMI operators were not ecmpetent or capable to assess pipe cracks thru the mon $toring of leak rates.
( I12 Report) (See ?A of Ii2 report).
Pipe cracking can initiate er contribute to a sequence of events which can cause a Class 9 accident.
l Another example of materials being flawed is furl rods and fuel rod pellets.
(3ee Appendix 1 for further elaboration, documentation, and contentions cenderning fuel rods in Light water nuclear reactors.)
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I hereby certify that these dements
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slaced by as 12 the.*:'.ted States Uails, en this 22 day of Octob-r 1979.
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3 Puei rods in a lig'at nater nuclear reactor are constructed of esrishsd ursnius.sellets 6ncased in a zireeniu= eladdine.
Forfectly manufactured enriched nranius, sallets are esesntial to the eren.er and routine function of the f:el rods in a lirh.t water nucle ar re:eter.
Perfectly fabrisated hel reds are essentipi te the arener a:d routi:e eser ties of a liYat water nuclear reacter.
(Note: the words "areper and routine fancties" and "oneper ar.d reutine eseration" in no way are te be construed as seaning " safe."
It is my belisf and cenelusian that the ".praaer and routine functien" of fael rods and the "freeer and routics eser. tion" of a light water traelear reacter ars in no war safe, in.ny cefinition of the werc "s a fe. ")
?as erriemed uranium p-11sts anassed in the fuel rods of a light uter.ta-1-ar re.c+ ar ='.at meet certain health, safet-r, and nar.ufse-turin-standards and criteria set by t'ae !inclear Reg:laterv Con-mission sf the United $tates :ersrnment.
- he f =1 rods in a li;ht water nuelear raseter :rist meet eertain health, safety, a-d =anufacturing standards and criteria set by the
!!uclear Reg'11 ster ** Cen113sion of the finited Staes go'rerunant.
In the event that the *:*riched uranium.e-11ets ds nst caet the health, safety, and manufacturing standards at the point of nanufactur,
er are da :a.-d er distertsd in s ese =anner, including but not limited to the fellawing :irtasstaae-a: dar:ane er distertism at the asint of
?. :ufa ~ture; daza-e er di: artian snreute fres the soint af samufacture; t
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\\. n. a A-2 t> the point of fahrteation anc ineere. ration inte fuel r.ds; damaze er distrett.n at +he s. tat of fahrt-etten and in erearation inte fuel rws; dasa - or distartion enreu'- from the wint of fabrication anc incer-orattr1 inte fuel rods to the-teint of storace; dama e sr diatertion at the' asint of storagei dagare er distertion enreute from the se$nt of rt erar* to the weint of nandlin.! at the light tater nuclear re,r ter sitei damage or dietertion at tha seint of handlina at tha light water cuaiear reacter site; darar-er distortion at the tine of ins *-rtion sf the fael rods into the cor-of the li.tht water nuclear reacter; dasa-s er ci?t:rtion duria: the,sener ascension shase of li:ht water reseter m-ati>c; damag-er distertion during 'aroser and rsuttie' enerr.tism of
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th-lirnt water nuclear reacter; daug:s or distertion during impr33er 1
anc nsn routi.e eseratism of th: li, tat vatar nuhlear reacteri da=igs i
er distertion-during the sewer descension phase of the. eoeration af' the light.=ater :raelsar rea-terldama e er distertien occurin; d'2 ring atrans;. eats;* dasars er distartian occaring dur19; " abner 7al incidents;",
da7are er diater*ien eeeurin: durina. :'e rents;" danar-er dister'ien ee ur-int "raportable secur on~ i" damae. er cirtertion seaurrin-
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during "SNAFJs;' d.iar-er distertien samring during routine turbine trias; data o er distertion securint durint nonrsutir.s turbine trias; da:ar er distertion occuring during routine reaeter ttips; danare er dister.ien eeratin: datist non-rsuting r actor trips; da:aars er distor-tien oc urrin: durint nor=al reaeter triss; dama:s er distertion seen -
ing a'enormal reaeter trise; daua-- er distertion occuria: during mal-fun-tians in the electrical s-ste::s;da-age er distertian accuring e2 ring aalfunctions in the electronies svat-7s; dama e or dister' ion accuring during ialfunctis:s in the air eressuS eontrol svetens; daLage er dir >
l tertiene seenrin du-ing ua'.^2netiens in *h-steau erserure centrsi 1
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[db t@d A-3 systens; dawa e er diater*i an oca'2ria, e:rir.; ealfune* ions in the air s r-3.-ure a ct iv a '. is n = s t e,e : da a fe er dis'srti e e t-2rt 9-during mal-fuaetisnr i
- na ete.;n sr-esar* activ-tian s"st-s; dar:a er distertion e -~'-i. tarin - =alfun
- i e,$ in the air 3r-r:ure auaalr s ste ss; da=-
2:e er cistsrti:n se urin durt= nalf*:aetons in *ha s te s : eres iir, suo si,' rystems; dasa e er cistortiac e. *urint 6t-ing milfu=ctions -is s
tue oil hydraulics svstess; damage er di.dertien securin: durin; tal-fun-tises is the water 'Trdraulies eyete-o; dasa n or distertien seraris curing 1alfunction: in t'a-oneumati e -rs'sms; dama;e er distsrtion oce"-ing iurin talfungtion:: in the air-ac*. :at-c valves sv9teus; da rase er distertion occ ::in: durin salfur.ations in i.L*C7s; dana s er dis-1 l
- srtien occurint curin-3r?.AU; dasa e er distertion ee-iriar darinr. 5:3; daza e er disterti4n ee 2rin-durin IJ" ; dasare er dia.srtion ee-2rint durin. malfun': tion in 50'"S; danae er distertion occu:i se during a ?!A; damag+ or 'fister*ies eeruria: during axmtratsas; dama-e er distertion occurin daring a ?31A; dana o e-distirtien occuris: 62 ring malfunetiens
- he indirect-yele reacter systen;dasaga er disterties ec=urinC cue to centrol red failure te seerate in a.srewer and routine ma==sr and senusnes; dasa:- er distertion occuring curint th-Oina Svudreae; danare er dis-tertisc. ee aring due to densificatis:; dama:e er distertion eeeuring tas to eribrifersification; daeat, er distertisa das to embrittlement; dam-a-s er distertion ee 1 ring duriaC retrofittin:; 1saats se dister. ion os-euring during reeairs; dasage er distertion ee cring 6: ring srsventive saint-naces; camare er dister*.ien ee-uring duriar scheduled maint-: anes; casars er distertion securin; 62-int unseh-duled sain"enan:s; dassee er distortian seeuria; during ra.eid disassesly of esrs in -ha event of a
'avdre-en axslesien:
dama. - er dist ortiau Sv2rine daring ranid disas-ebly
'l of ear-in the =*rsat of an-sther t--se ef ch--t eal axsission; da.sa-er
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exelesien; cana<e er distarties e-e.:rtng duria a "runawa7" e ndi*.i e n; d e are er diatertion occarin.t during rea cter shut-des.m e seration; dan-a ta er distar.ien securing durin: any tima seriecs when the reacter is set in easrs'.isn, cue to stanned circustances; damage er dirtertion eecaring curing any tiss seriod waes the rascter is set in e.esration cue te unelasned cirt:sstances; dasat-er distertien occuring duri:.g causen-mode failure; da sage ar distortion erartnr during ultiale-ssde f-ilure; daars er distertien e-- rine du-ing ubicuit.us-cods' f ailure; then the enri-hao uraniun eellets becane a detrinent and a da::sr ts the areier a-d rectise fanet.isn of the Pael rods in a lirbt -ster 32-ele ar reaet er, hither, if the enriched uraniu : sellets do set =a
- esalth, safety, ard sa:ntfa cturint stardards at the seint of sa::uf a ct.re s
and/or are dava-ed ar diste-ted ir *ees sanser, including but set lia-ited to the erevisusl~ e.trierat-d and li'stad cir? sstances, and t' a cualit-assurane-and gtality centrei records are tenserad nith, and/or falsif!-d, then tha enriehec uraniu sellets become a detrine=t and a cang-r to t't:a ereper anc routine f:nction e the 02el rods in a light water nuclo-r raa-ter.
Fuel rede in a lidt water nucle.r reaeter <ust aset certais healta, safety, sacufact: ring and fabricaties standards set hv theJuelear Rer-ulater-Consission of the United States ' <evern=ent.
In the event that *he ^2sl rods in a lient water nuclear rs : tar de not mes t *he health, safet",.Manufact :ringy a*d fahrt:1 tion stan--
catds at the paint of samufacturs t.d fabrication, and/sr a s danar-d er distertad in some mannsr, inclucing hut not limitad te ths ersvinnsly suunsrat*d and lia*ad 51rcu==tances (1 tus arW.< ras caranrasha canesrn-ing the enriMd.uranius sellets, en sa tes A2,83,05),
then tha fuel rods in ta-Liv 2t water nu-1-2r reactar beceus a detriment and a das.~r s
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a e
4 W If M L A-5 to t..r.-, - r._ in, m,ei.n.,
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1 Parther, in the event ti at 'he Nai red. in a li-is'. nater auelaar re-I aater de not meet ehe health, safaty, ranuf acturine, sad "abrication stand.rds at th-eeint of rs :uf a.-t'2r-s ed ':.hri-a tt en, and/or ars dava-ed er disterted in seco manner, including but not limited to the er-vieusly enueratec acd list-d -ircu=m'anees (in tne ersvious sarasraohs eencernin. the anrichec uranine'eellets, en sa:esA2,#3,ft$),
and tus cuality assuramen and cuality centrol rseerds a,
taneer-d vrita anc/er falsified, +4-n '.he *usi rees in a li ht nator cu-t elear resoter becone a d,etriment and a var.--r
- .s the. ston. er and rectins e.seratisn of the light water nuclaar reacter.
Karsn % Sil' peed was ennleved as a laboratory technician at tbs Kerr-M ee ilucl-se "erparation elutenium ersenssine and fuel red "abrie-ation elant at
- eseent, Oklahora. Karen Silkwood was a =enher in reed r.tandint of the Oil,
ee sical, and Atacie Ter%rs Intarnational Union. (CCA17) servint en the local's :e--rning beare.
- he time frame refer-nce for tais mararaph is 197h.
In 3eetenber 197h, Karsa Silkwsed was given a seerial assign =snt
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h-CCAIf, to inventi:ats and dec: rent evicenae of health, safety, and man-u *a -turtn : stancards violations at the Kerr-E*e Nuclear "erserstion slutantun ersesseint and hel red fabriestien elant in Ms sst, Ckla-he-a.
In the following six eneks, Karen silkwsed did tavertizati eseos of health stancards violations; Faren $11k re.c did ir.vestig 'e rases of safstv ctandards violatie=s; Karen Silk esd did int-st-1-ate essae of naaufasturir.- violations.
All of tb r ai:'. violatises ners
- 1a era:t and wilh11 vielatiana b - Fa-'-l'eCas % clear "arseration 2
of haalth, e
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A-6 cafsty, and manufseturint standards set by the Nuclear Re-uistory i
i Cammi.eston of the 'Jnited Sts*es :everan-nt.
Karen Silknaad did de u.-ent evidence of health standards violations; Karsn Sil: nosd dic docu snt evidence af :afety standard: violations; Karen Silkweed did ds cu.-ent evicenca of canufacturin.t standarcs vi.slatians; all of the decurented cases of s.andards vialations secured at the err-e 1
UcGes Muclear *ersaratiec slutoniua arecessing and fuel red fabriestion plant in Crescent, Ckladssa. All of the docu ented cases of's'.an-dards violatiens occur-d in fla. rant and wilfull violation and disregard f ar the standa2 d3 set by the Nucle.r iio:ulatary Ce mission of the Unitsd States government.
During the e,ourre of her inresti ation. ar.d dee rentation of stan-dards vi-latign= at the Kerr-l'e9e= Nuclear Car 9eratisn slutoniun srs-ce: sing anc fuel rod f abri.-ation #. art in Srseesnt, Chlahars, Karen Silkweed becate the victi, of ille:21 harraessent and ille-al,urvsil-lante. The 111e:21 harrassment and illegal curveillance of Karen Silk-wend insreasec in fri hteningly :retssque 1,-aes and bounds until, en y Gevenber 197h, Karen Silkwesd ciscovered her body cad a,cartn- :t had
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been cantaminated with 2lut aniun, the sentaminatier. including but not limited to the bolsgna and the c eets in her anartnect refriesrstar.
Cn 13 Noveeher 197L, Kar*n Silkwaed was enreute ta a eee:in: -ith a rs eretent.tive fren CCA?l and a r-car +-r fran ths New *erk Ti ec.
At this nesting, Karen 3tikweed nealc.sresent documented evidence of healt.,
sar ty, and mannfacturing standards vislation: at the Kerr-1?cGes Huelear Saeyeratisa sintaniu, ers es*ing and fu-l rsd fabriaatien slant in Obss-cent, Oklahsea. Karen Silkweed nam drivine a whits Monda Civic 'at-h-back autssettle, -hi, n 1-f t the rean* "or nnknarra reasons, and erashed.
killin: Karen Silk sed inr'antiv.
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On the seat besids taren 51!'<nsed, in th-whi'.e S.e nd s 'i tic Fatch-back ar t.mbile, la'r a seni_a f Ver'anvela ae e,n sinin: -he de -a.e n.ed
-vida-ce o f '. al h,. a f.*-. c r.d s r.itt s tu.-in t standards violatie :s a t
'.:e i. err c"-s helear Grur: tion SLtter iun ers cessi. and fuel r:d fabric *ien slant in ^ escent, Oklahena. Aft +r the *ite henca 7. vie hat en~ ark aut es: bile er;; t' ed,
t'--~ was no fire, .s =a.ila f olcer/a c-
,t vele-e did a.st burn. The,anila f 31d-r/enfele >e was in the ear, -ith
- be do~ -antad evid-nce incida it, -h - ri the e.r use towed 's*a.es a e that ni.nt.
The next morning, th-ranila f el.' -/-nvais sa was di vsv-er-1 t o be ~issinr.. ( Note : the aa.ila feld-r/envelear has nev-r been locatsd.)
Tae faceral Sursau of !ny-stifs'isn ard a %gra.aeienal uhesu-ittee entered int.: the in'rectiration of the dea'." of Ear-n Silk ed.
Tce Fed-
-rel Sureau f Inverti ation sai 'ha "s'.-r-asianal subest'i-t== rub.-e-cuestiv abandoned their inyse i.tstiana nithout ever r-solving the serious and aonumantall-iseer.snt cuestions raised by Karen Silkweed's inves'e ip tie: anc docune itatina of standards viola *.iens at t e Eerr-II-C-e h-cl.c Srseratten plutonius ere ssrine and A2el red fabricati n slant in Cr-saent, Oklahoaa; $either nere uestian? rsir-d by cir ::stancis su rsunding tAs dea th of Ka en Silkweed ev-r a.svred.
P:rther invastiptions ints *.ha caes.i.ns -ur oundinr the sta:d-dards viola-iens anc tha miestion? abo 20 th= coath sf far-n Silkweed, hv nrivate citi: ens of t n '.'ni*ed.P atas, nera ranaatedlr anct delib-~
er:.telv 'sind-r-d and obst u-t-d b oarties having vested int?~s's in the conti:raad esceersus -rowth and expansion of the :raalear eecar in-dunt: r anc related ind ts?.ri-s thrsughe:t the mu-lear fuel ev-le, e e-susahly incl 2 din: but not n=cessarilt limit-d to the eve naent of *he Uniteu Stat =? and the Ksr -sence ?telmar forseration.
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cn y ::cy-=her 1976 a ruit wa-filed Court at Cr.. Ye:t*rn Sis t ri-t Cetrt in Uni *ad States Listri t c
af CVlah*aa, in Oklahern Ci 7, Oklahana. De Cerveratian, suit, Karsn G. Siikweed vs. the Ker* ten-e ';u l enarged the Kerr-t'cCee !iuoletr CeF)*rntian with l e ear la *be etrea cts: es rarrsuading the contanination iability apar*79.t s.* Es a-liikssed, and nit'a gresa af the body sr.d the of Jafety srecedures eencarnin negli an e in t':* haadlin t
t
- he '. rke3. at,Te sits and the.sublic recidir.: in tha ares. 7he :utt sis
?! the :iarr-Ue0 e *:u-b caarged the Seard of LiTeeters i:ation eserati.e and 'he :n aritysar Cerseration, four Federal of ~a eat-elear Oerseration with
,aernenr.el of tae :~ err-Ucloe ';u-e ens,straer F.a en Silkweed.
te violate t4- -ivil righ*s of 4
In the trial t'aat fsilerad 'he fili tai.,ed in evern testiseny thaythe Kng of the nuit, it nas ascer-i wilfull~. sr.d knerinelv violate he lterr-Heree :fuelear "arnera h, safety, a
dards and criteria, at th-Serr U G and nanufacturint stan-tessint and fael red fabric ti c -- Nuclear Carveration elutaniu on slan* in prescent, s.or s-a It was further ascertained in swers t Oklahoma.
of healt'a, safety, animam2 fact extirony that tha violations elear Cerserat?.en plutsnins arseessinuring standares at the Kerr-in Crsseast, Cklahona, rssult d g and fuel red fabrication slant cor.ditions at the plant.
in substandard, danrerens, and ill a
e;al It was farthsr ascertained in svern t anc quali*7 :sntrol r*carca fegardi esticoe7 that quality := uranea a.ian at the Kerr-UeGee Nuele.r C ng feel rod manufa-ture a-d fabri e-02el red fabriention slant in "Cr ars(ration slutonius iree ssin
- and and falsifisc.
as -at, Oklanesa ers t==pe -d ri*'1 It war fur *.her asesr*ained 13 susrn t sealis; nelds oc fuel red:
acti.tany that I-ra-s $f the manufa'tur+d and fabricated at the K e rr-Meine
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r-9 Nuclear "ereer-tion slutoniu: ere'essin: atri Nel red fabrication plant La ~r-s eent, Ok12her.:.
It was br-/ter ascer..ined in -warn tettineny that r al rede that had failec to earc ins ec. ton vara ebiseec n-ve-tmeless from the Ke- -
.icCse Nuclear Carsor. tion plut.enina erocensing anc hal red fabrication slant in 'l eseent, Cklahesa, ts the figal d-stinatisc, retardisso of
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the fa *, that the fuel rods had f ail-d to sass innsa-tisn.
It -as further ascaresined in - orm tee *isony that the substand-
-rc, dangersus, anc iller' workins conditisns that enisted and wer?
dec sented to ha-e existed a' tbs Ferr-ticGee Naclear Cornerstion slu-tenius.ereressin; ar.d fuel rod fabriestion slaat in Cres ent, Cklahoma, aise existad at tae K-rr-lief =e
- uclasr i'.or= or.'.ien uranius erecessin:
and enri-Md uranium aellet =are.tfs eturint slant en tae sase site in Crescent, Oklakesa.
It was firther ascert-i-ed through the public rseerd that the ferr-toCoe Nuclear Carseration uraniu1 srecessin-and enriched uraniun sellet nanuf acturing slant did in fac*, sar:fa cture seee sr all er the en-tehed tranium selley sed /ar Nel sds t' at were used at the "cr re bile Islar.d Nuclear ~eneratine Station, situated in lande 9 r v Taan-s r.i s, lau.iain "nntv, Penns elys nia.
ericten e arc d ar rent-tion of -ilfull, fla mat, and calib:rst:;--
n health, naf-t, ann =anuf.etu:in: stan ards violatisn: at he.he th-F.e:- -
McG e Nuclear Careeration sluteni:a recassing and hal esd f.thrientien slant and the Far -!JcGee uraniu sre--asin and enri.-hed uraniun ellet
?arafart':rint slant in Crose-nt, C'<.lahaua, reeresents an er*r-elv s-riaus and dan:*roits -hr -t av. hasard ta -ha -re tr 1-<i s : tine hne-e ti m af tha hel rods in either rear'ar at '.h*
hrea 1:ila :sland 'su.-lear
-r.er..in: Itatian, and tha--f ere a'.s, resrecen : an ex retal serious and dsn:
2us *hr-at a a. ha-ard to th-yre ser anc routine function of eith-rea-ter at the ~. r-- i!ile :.-land "uclear ~-ners tins Statisa, s
e.gy egemap
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~. the mattar of I'.:ren ". tilkweed 73. E rr-Me- ? uelear r
':sr.or tiin, filed 4 ' ve*-r 1976 ir. Ge Uaited Stees listrict "e.:rt if t::e ' esters lic.rist of ukl h :-
( civil case d76-0883-?.EI3),
in Chishe a "ity, Ckishens:
3pecial finding af fac*. by the jur,*, ar.15 ::ay 1979:
. e asr., tie ns 3
at tne herr-t:: Gee nucle r f acility were run in a wilfully :nc -antenly rsekle-s man er...:'
'he jury 21se f 2und K--r-UcCae ineleer Corner tion "c*rictly ' liable" f ar the contanina-i sa of T.a-en Sil'cs s d..
~ha jury ais e Tsune K.er,-UC.e* " grassly.s gli:ent* ip re gards to +he handlin.a of saf-tv erscedures cenaerin: both workers at ths plant site and the sublic effsite.
The ju: r also awarded 310,5C0,C00 te the sststa of Karen Silknsed, 110,CCO,CCC of whic:t i: in eunitive d:.nd:es. Final jud-sment in this deci.-isa of the jury was en 21 June 1)79.
All cuestians and actions concerning jury securaev and decisisns wers rssolvad tv 'ude Theis en 15 Au :st 1979..
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