ML19309A475
| ML19309A475 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Beaver Valley |
| Issue date: | 03/25/1980 |
| From: | DUQUESNE LIGHT CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19309A473 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8003310327 | |
| Download: ML19309A475 (160) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:.. . I .\_/ 1979 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT NON-RADIOLOGICAL VOLUME NO. 1 DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAFY BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION 8003310 , ;
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II.
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . 7 III. ANALYSIS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHAbiGE . 11 BENTHOS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 PLANKTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 ICHTHYOPLANKTON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 IV. MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS. . . . . 22 MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS. . . . . . . . . 22 EERBICIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 V. MONITORING PROGRAMS (AQUATIC). . . . . . . . . 30 BENTHOS (ETS Reference 3.1.3.3). . . . . . . . 33 Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Habitats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Species Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Community Structure and Spatial Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Comearison of Control and Non-Control
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Transects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . 45 PLANKTON (ETS Reference 3.1.3.4) . . . . . . . 47 Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 PHYTOPLANKTON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Seasonal Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Su= mary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . 61 ii
9 E TABLE OF CONTEUTS (Continued) Pace ZOOPLANKTON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Seasonal Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Comparison of Control and Mon-Control fransects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 76 FISH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Age and Growth Results. . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SS Su= mary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 95 ICHTHYOPLANKTON (ETS Reference 3.1. 3. 6) . . . . . 97 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Comparison of Control anc Non-Control Transects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 106 FISH IMPINGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.7) . . . . 108 ; Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 ! Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 ' Comparison of Impinged and River Fish . . . . 114 Comparison of Operating and Non-operating Intake Bay Collections. . . . . . . . . . . 114 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 114 PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3.8). . 117 A. Ichthyoplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 i Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 { Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 i Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 I iii l l i I
I 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page Spawning Season Distribution. . . . . . . . . 131 Comparison of Day and Night Data. . . . . . . 132 Entrainment Losses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 133 B. Phytoplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 l Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 < I Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Comparison of Intake and River Samples. . . . 134 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 138 C. Zooplankton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Comparison of Intake and River Samples. . . . 140 Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . 145 VI. MONITORING PROGRFi (TERRESTRIAL) . . . . . . . . 146 VII. REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 l l l 4 1 l l iv
LIST OF FIGURES Ficure Page I-l VIEW OF THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION.. AND THE SHIPPINGPORT ATOMIC POWER STATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 I-2 GEOGRAPHICAL MAP AND PRINCIPAL COMMUNITIES IN 40-MILE RADIUS OF THE SHIPPINGPORT ATOMIC POWER STATION AND THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER
. STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 I-3 OHIO RIVER DISCHARGE RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY WATER SANITATION COMMISSION. . . . . . . . 5 I-4 OHIO RIVER TEMPERATURES RECORDED AT EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO BY THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY
! WATER SANITATION COMMISSION. . . . . . . . 6 IV-1 RIVER INTAKE AND DISCHARGE IN OHIO RIVER, SHIPPINGPORT AND BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 IV-2 WATER FLOW SCHEMATIC-BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 V-1 SAMPLING TRANSECTS IN THE VICINITY OF THE BEAVER VALLEY AND SHIPPINGPORT POWER STATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 V-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF THE BENTHOS COMMUNITY DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND l OPERATIONAL YEARS NEAR BVPS. . . . . . . . 44 l V-3 SEASONAL DENSITY PATTERNS OF CHLOROPHYTA, l CHRYSOPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA AND CRYPTOPHYTA/ MICROFLAGELLATE DENSITIES WHICH COMPRISED PHYTOPLANKTON NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . 53 V-4 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITY AND CHLOROPHYLL a CONCENTRATIONS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . 54 l ) V-5 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PHYTOPLANKTON DENS TY IN THE CHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS . . . 62 v
. o i LIST OF FIGURES Ficure Pace V-6 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 V-7 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS . . 75 V-8 MEAN SURVEY DENSITIES OF FISH LARVAE AND JUVENILES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL YEARS AND OPERATIONAL YEARS . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 - V-9 RIVER ENTRAINMENT TRANSECT SAMPLING LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 V-10 MEAN TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES , BVPS. . . . . . 135 V-ll MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON SHANNON DIVEPSITY INDICES FCR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 V-12 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES , BVPS . . . . . . 141 V-13 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON SHANNON DIVERSITY INDICES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES , BVPS. . . . 144 VI-l LOCATION OF STUDY AREAS, 1974-1975. . . . 148 i vi l
i 1 l LIST OF TABLES Table Page III-l REPORTING LIMITS CRITERIA. . . . . . . . . . 12 III-2 MEAN BENTHIC GROUP DENSITIES AND RESULTS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE _ 1YSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 III-3 MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND RESULTS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 III-4 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND RESULTS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 III-5 MEAN ICHTHYOPLANKTON DENSITIES AND RESULTS OF SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 IV-1 BEAVE'R VALLEY POWER STATION - HERBICIDES USED . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 V-1 AQUATIC PROGRAM MONITORING SAMPLING DATES , 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 V-2 SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS. . . . . . 34 V-3 MEAN NUMBER OF MACROINVERTEBRATES/m AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHAETA, CHIRONOMIDAE, MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS FOR 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 V-4 MONTHLY MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . 43 V-5 BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES FOR TRANSECT 1 AND TRANSECT 2B DURING PRE-OPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS. . . 46 V-6 MEAN PHYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . 49 vii l
LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page V-7 CHLOROPHYLL a AND PHEOLfTIN CONCENTRA-TIONS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF TH5 OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . 56 V-8 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES OF OHIO RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM JANUARY 23 TO DECEMBER 6, 1979. DIDICES ARE MEANS OF DUPLICATE SURFACE AIID BOTTC M SAMPLES , BVPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 V-9 PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY II: DICES 1973 TO 1979, NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 V-10 MONTHLY MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES AND PERCENT COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMFLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 . . . . . . 65 V-ll MONTHLY MEAN DIVERSITY INDICES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM ZOOPLANKTON SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 V-12 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR TRANSECT 1 AND TRANSECT 2B DURING PRE-OPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS, BVPS. . 74 l 1 V-13 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES BY MONTH FROM 1973 TO 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 V-14 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY INDICES BY MONTH FROM 1973 TO 1979 IN THF OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 V-15 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, i 1970-1979, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 l l V-16 NUMBER OF FISH COLLECTED BY ELECTROFISHING, l GILL NETTING, SEINING AND TRAWLING AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE f OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . 84 I Viii
i n . I LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page V-17 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY ELECTROFISHING IN T!IE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . 85 V-18 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED BY GILL NETTING AND ELECTROFISHING AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER,
- 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 V-19 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NETTING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . 87 V-20 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY SEINING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . 89 V-21 NUMBERS OF FISHES COLLECTED BY SEINING AND TRAWLING AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 V-22 NUMPERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY TRAWLING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . 91 V-23 AGE AND TOTAL LENGTH OF SELECT FISH SPECIES COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . 92 V-24 ELECTROFISHING CATCH MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974-1979, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 V-25 GILL NET CATCH MEANS AT TRANSECTS IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1974-1979, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 V-26 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5m PLANKTON NET IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 iX
LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table Page V-27 DENSITY OF FISH LARVAE AND JUVENILES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 V-28 DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE AND JUVENILES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1973-1974, 1976-1979. . . . . . . . . . . . 105 V-29 FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT SURVEYS, 1976-1979, BVPS. . 109 V-30
SUMMARY
OF FISHES COLLECTED IN TRAVELING SCREEN SURVEYS CONDUCTED FOR ONE 24 HOUR PERIOD PER WEEK DURING 1979, BVPS . . . . . 111 V-31 SUMML'tY OF TRAVELING SCREEN SURVEY DATA FOR 1979, BVPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 V-32 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED IN TRAVELING SCREEN SURVEYS AND IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979, "VPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 V-33
SUMMARY
OF FISH COLLECTED IN TRAVELING SCREEN SURVEYS, 1976-1979, BVPS . . . . . . . 116 V-34 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS COLLECTED IN THE BVPS INTAKE BAYS, 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 V-35 NUMBER AND DENSITY OF FISH EGGS, LARVAE, JUVENILES AND ADULTS COLLECTED WITH A 0.5m PLANKTON NET AT THE ENTRAINMENT RIVER TRANSECT IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 V-36 COMPARISON OF FIVE PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES FOUND IN MONTHLY INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . 136 V-37 COMPARISON OF FOUR ZOOPLANKTON IAXA DENSITIES FOUND IN MONTHLY INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1979, BVPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 X
l SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l I. INTRODUCTION This report presents a summary of the ecological data collected by Duquesne Light Company during 1979 in fulfullment of the requirements set forth in the Environmental Technical Speci-fications, Appendix B to Operating License No. DPR-66, for the Beaver Valley Power Station (BVPS) Unit 1. Ecological data include BVPS Unit i non-radiological effluent data, aquatic ecology data collected from the Ohio River near BVPS and impingement and entrainment data. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM The objectives of the 1979 ecological program were fourfold: (1) to comply with Nuclear Regulatory Commission require-ments (2) to review chemical releases and thermal discharges from the station to verify that they do not adversely affect public health or the natural environment (3) to assess the possible environmental impact to the plankton, benthos, fish and ichthyoplankton communities in the Ohio River and the impact due to impingement and entrainment as a result of plant operation, and (4) to establish long and short range programs based on data. SITE DESCRIPTION BVPS is located on the south bank of the Ohio River in the Borough of Shippingport, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, on a 486.8 acre tract of land which is owned by Duquesne Light Company. The Shippingport station shares the site with BVPS. Figure I-l shows a view of both stations. The site is approximately 1 mile [1.6 km (kilometers)] from Midland, Pennsylvania; 5 miles (8 km) from East Liverpool, Ohio; and 25 miles (40 km) from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Figure I-2 shows the site location in relatira to the principal popu- i lation centers. Population densicy in the inmediate vicinity I of the site is relatively low. There are no residents within a 0.5 mile (0.8 km) radius of either plant. The population within a 5 mile (8 km) radius of the plant is approximately 18,000 and the only area of concentrated population is the Borough of Midland, Pennsylvania, which has a population of approximately 5,300. i 1
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SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 4GNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT FIGURE I-2 GEOGRAPHICAL MAP AND PRINCIPAL COMMUNITIES IN 40-MILE RADIUS OF THE SHIPPINGPORT ATOMIC POWER STATION AND THE BEAVER VALLEY POWER STATION M J i l t - 40 (,
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SECTION I DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT The site lies along the Ohio Rivcc in a valley which has a gradual slope extending from the river (elevation 665 feet or 203 meters above sea level) to an elevation of 1,160 feet (354 meters) along a ridge south of BVPS. Plant entrance elevation at the station is approximately 735 feet (224 meters) above sea level. The station is situated on the Ohio River at river mile 34.8, at a location on the New Cumberland Pool that is 3.3 river miles (5.3 km) downstream from Montgomery Lock and Dam and 19.4 miles (31.2 km) upstream from New Cumberland Lock and Dam. The Pennsylvania-Chio-West Virginia border is 5.2 river miles (8.4 km) downstream from the site. The river
. flow is regulated by a series of dams and reservoirs on the Beaver, Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio rivers and their tributaries. Flow generally varies from 5,000 to 100,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). The range of flows in 1979 is shown in Figure I-3.
Ohio River temperatures generally vary from 32 to S 4 'F (0-31'C). Minimum and maximum temperatures generally occur in January and July / August, respectively. During 1979, minimum temperatures were observed in January and F.bruary
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and maximum temperatures in August (Figure I-4). BVPS has a thermal rating of 2,600 megawatts (Mw) and an-electrical rating of 852 Mw. The circulating water system is a closed cycle system using a cooling tower to minimize heat released to the Ohio River. Commercial operation of BVPS Unic 1 began in 1976. f f 4
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SECTION II. DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT II
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS The 1979 BVPS non-radiological environmental monitoring program included surveillance of thermal and chemical effluents and Ohio River aquatic life. This is the fourth year of operational monitoring and, as in the ! previous operational monitoring years, no evidence of adverse environmental impact to the Ohio River was found. Thermal and chemical effluent monitoring included measurement of temperature and free available chlorine at the discharge structure, pH at the chemical waste sump and chromates at the low level waste drain tank. Free available chlorine was the only parameter to exceed its limit. On January 3, free available chlorine reached 2.0 mg/1. This condition lasted for approximately 40 minutes. Potential ef fects to aquatic life were considered negligible because of high river flow which provided a 2000:1 dilution of the discharge. Chlorine demand of the river also reduced potential effects. The aquatic ecological monitoring program included: benthos, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, ichthyoplankton, impinge-ment and plankton entrainment. Sampling was conducted up-stream and downstream of the plant to assess potential impacts of BVPS discharges. These data were also compared to preoperational data and other operational data to assess long term trcnds. Impingement and entrainment data were assessed to determine the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plant use. The following summarize the findings of each program. element and results of impact assessment. The benthic macroinvertebrate community, organisms living in or on the bottom of the river, during 1979 was similar to communities observed during other operational years (1976-1978) and preoperational years (1972-1975). The predominant macroinvertebrates were oligochaete worms. They comprised greater than 80% of the total each year since 1972. Common , genera of Oligochaetes were Limnodril::, Ilvedrilus, Aulodrilus , Branchiura, Peloscolex and Tubif ex. Chironomid (midge) larvae, the second most abundant group of macro-invertebrates, comprised less than 10% of the total each year. . Dominance of worms throughout the BVPS study area and . during all survey years is primarily related to substrate consistency. Substrates are predominantly soft, unstable muds with only minor quantitites of sand, clay and pebble. Soft unstable mud is conducive to worm proliferation. Analysis of data from control and non-control transects found l 7 l i
SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT i I no evidence to indicate that thermal and liquid effluents released from BVPS Unit 1 were adversely affecting the Ohio River benthos. Phytoplankton and zooplankton, microscopic plant and animal life suspended in the Ohio River, were typical of temperate flowing waters. The composition and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton during 1979 was basically the same as those observed in other operational and pre-operational years. Phytoplankton exhibited a bimodal pattern of abundance with peaks commonly in the spring and summer. Phytoplankton declic-d through the fa1 to minimal densities during the winter. Zooplankton, waich feed upon the phytoplankton, followed a similar abundance pattern. Spatial variations in densities and species composition of phytoplanktan and zooplankton upstream and downstream of BVPS remainad within an acceptable ecological range, even though the linits/ criteria were exceeded during 1979. Three instances of specific phytoplankton group densities exceed-ing their limits / criteria were found. In all instances, no evidence of ecological harm was noted and all instances were related to natural variability and not BVPS operation. Four instances were noted for zooplankton and, again, no evidence of ecological harm was noted. Most instances occurred during the pinter when plankton density is low. Low densities can easily cause reporting limits / criteria to be exceeded, hut these instances are not of ecological signifi-cance. Results of sampling and analysis during 1979 gave no evidence to indicate that BVPS Unit 1 operation adversely affected the phytoplankton and zooplankton of the Ohio River. FiC' surveys , conducted monthly during the late spring and summer and once during the fall, collected a total of 7,975 fish in 1979. Collection methods included: electrofishing, gill netting, seining and trawling. The majority of fish (6,470) were captured using seines. Approximately 95% of the catch consisted of sand shiners, bluntnose minnows, and emerald shiners. These same species accounted for approxi-mately 93% of the electrofishing catch (1,384 fish) . Channel catfish (25.9%) , sauger (14. 8%) , carp (13.6%), yellow perch ! (8.6%) and walleye (6.2%) comprised the majority of the 81 l gill-netted fish. Only 40 fish were captured by trawling. l Emerald and mimic shiners accounted for over 80% of the ' trawl catch. 8 l , l l l
SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT variations in annual total catches have occurred during preoperational and operational years. They have occurred primarily because of fluctuations in population size of the small species (minnows and shiners primarily). Larger fish (carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch, walleye and sauger) have remained common species near BVPS throughout all years. Northern pike and muskellunge, not collected during preoperational years, were collected in 1977, 1978 and 1979. Their presence and the presence of other sport fish is important because it demonstrates that the Ohio River is meeting the minimum water quality, habitat and food requirements of these desirable sport fish. Differences in fish abundance which were observed upstream and downstream of BVPS probably reflect habitat preferences of individual species. Age and growth analysis of selected sport fish indicated no apparent reduction in growth rate during 1979. No evidence was found to indicate that fish popu'.ations near BVPS have been adversely affected by BVPS operation. No fish classified as endangered or threatenad by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania were collected. Ichthyoplankton (fish eggs, larvae and juveniles) data were evaluated to determine spawning activity near BVPS and in particular spawning in the back channel of Phillis Island. Spawning activity was limited to June and Ju!. with little activity in April and May. Cyprinids (minnows and carps) accounted for 94% of the 729 larvae collected. Only seven eggs were collected. Data collected from 1973 to 1979 in the back channel of Phillis Island, the channel receiving the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS, indicated that this channel was not used any more extensively for spawning purposes than other main channel areas. No evidence was found to indicate BVPS operation was adversely af fecting the i :hthyoplankton of the Ohio River. Impingement surveys were conducted for one 24-hour period per week in.1979. A total of 262 fish weighing 2.0 Kg (4.4 lbs) were collected. Channel catfish (38.2%) , gi:N;_d shad (15.3%) and emerald shiner (9.5%) composed 63% of the annual catch. The majority of fish were less than 100 mm in length. The 1979 annual impingement catch was less- than the , 1978 collection (654 fish) , the 1977 collection (10,322 j fis'1) and the 1976 collection (9,102 fish) . i I I J l 9 L
SECTION II DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Entrainment studies were performed to investigate the impact of withdrawing river water for in-plar use on the ichthyo-plankton, phytoplankton and zooplanktou. The icnthyoplankton study showed entrainment losses for seven of the eight surveys ranged from 0.83 to 3.86% of the ichthyoplankton suspended in the river and passing the plant. These results were similar to ranges reported in other years,1976 (0.85 to 6.38%), 1977 (1.50 to 7.70%) and 1978 (0.07 to 3.52%). These are acceptable losses and no harm to the river ichthyo-plankton can be expected. Assessment of monthly phytoplankton cud zooplankton data indicated that total densities and species composition of intake and river samples were similar throughout the study year. Therci re, fairly uniform distribution can be assumed and under worst case conditions of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.2% of the phytoplankton and zooplankton would be withdrawn by the BVPS intake. This is a negligible loss of phytoplankton and scoplankton. i i 10
- , SECTION III DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT III. ANALYSIS OF SIG' IFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE In accordance with BT.S Unit 1 Environmental Technical
-Specifications (ETS), Appendix B to Operating License No.
DPR.-66, significant ervironmental change' analyses were con-ducted on benthos, phytoplankton, zooplankton and ichthyo-plankton data. These analyses were conducted to serve as an early warning of potential impact on the aquatic ecology of the Ohio River due to BVPS Unit 1 operation. Changes in the aquatic ecology should.be discovered as soon as possible in order to minimize
, potential impacts. Therefore, analyses were designed to obtain results as soon after sampling as possible. Analysis of group densities was chosen as the best method for obtain-ing_ meaningful evaluations of potential impact within a short time. Any results that indicated potential impact 1,
(significant environnental change) caused by BVPS Unit 1 operation were reported to tne Director of the Office of Inspection and Enforcement. To assess potential impact and to meet ETS requirements, I reporting limits / criteria (Table III-1) were developed. These limits / criteria were based on a statistical analysis (analysis of variance) of group density data collected during the preoperational monitoring years. Two reporting limits / criteria were developed for each ecological group listed in Table III-1. The first criterion determines if group densities observed in 1979 were significantly differ-ent from densities observed during preoperational years; the , second criterion determines if differences between control and non-control group densities were significantly different, based upon differences observed during preoperational years. Significant changes, beneficial or adverse, in the Ohio River ecosystem near BVPS could result from water quality changes 4 far upstream of BVPS. Such changes could cause the first reporting limit / criterion to be exceeded. Therefore, in order to report only those potential impacts related to BVPS Unit 1 operation, it was established that both Criterion 1 and 2 limits would have to be exceeded and if attributable to BVPS operation, a non-routine report would be' prepared and submitted to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The following summarizes 1) how the reporting limit for each . parameter was established and 2) the 1979 group densities and their use in determining if the limits / criteria were exceeded. 4 11
SECTION III DUQUESNE LIG11T COMPANY 1979 AWUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TAa:.: II:-1 RIPCRTING I.IMIT3/CRITIRIA Senthee Reecrt.ing Limits / Criteria Criterien 1 I,1mits Oriterion 2 Fee er Lower bound ;;per bou.nd f-250) t *:S O) E/3*) Density (nunner/m ) Total 46 620 99.0 cligocaseta - 21 564 81.0 Chiroa- 4 me 0 39 42.0 Mollusca 0 39 31.0 Plar.icten Repor-ine tiaits/ Criteria Criterion 1 Limits Critarion 2 factor h er bound Upper bound _, (Mean manimum (+253) I _?1/*:38> Dersitv)
. Phytoplankten Density (calls /ml)
Total 1.375 23,712 2.9
- hlorcphyta 883 15.209 2.7 0.rysophyta 764 7.311 3.1 Cyanopnyta 16 718 90.5 0:fptophyta 53 1,396 2.5 Microflagellates 17 795 13.7 9
- ooplankton Density (organisms /11 otal 1,387 10.196 2.3 Protozoa 797 8,283 2. 4 Ratifera 431 5,347 2.1
!:hthyeplanxt=n Seco. tire ti: nits / Criteria criterion 1 *isits Criterion 2 Factor ewer bound Upper hour 4 _
(Mean minimum (*250) i _T1/*23I> tensitv) Ienthyoplan.kten censity (nemer/100m ) Total 2.6 37.3 6.0 E Mean density of all samples collected per su.rvey at Transect 1 (upstream cet trol)
;;3 Mean density of all samples collected per survey at ?ransect 23 (downstrean of 3'PS)
-_ Absolute ratio between :1 and ;;3 T1/T;3 25 3 Two St.andard Oeviations 1
9 W $\ 9)Q g Djul lIin m J\ 12
SECTICN III DUgCESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT BENTHOS An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on data collected during preoperational years to set bounds on the natural variability in abundance (density) for the following groups of macroinvertebrates: Oligochaeta (worms), Chironomidae (midges) and Mollusca (clams and snails). These groups together comprised more than 90% of the benthic populations of the Ohio River near SVPS during preoperational years. In addition to group densities, the variability of total macro-invertebrate density was established. Group and total density values were pooled and the ANOVA per-formed. Densities were based on the average of three Ponar grab samples taken at four locations (Transects 1, 2A, 2B and 3) within the study area. Seasonal variability was not considered because assessment of upstream vs. downstream l c anditions under Criterion 2 evaluated discrete sampling I times, negating the need for seasonal assessment under ! Criterion 1. The ANOVA determined the lower and upper bounds of Criterion 1, defined as the 95th percentile l ange or two standard deviations (2SD) of the preoperational data (Table III-1). Statistically significant changes for Criterion 1 were established as those group and total densities falling out-side the +2SD range. Because Criterion 1 was established to assess general study area conditions, all study area data were included in the annlysis. Criterion 2 was established by calculating the absolute ratio for individual group and total densities for Transect 1 (upstream control) and Transect 23 (first transect down-stream from BVPS) for each preoperational survey. The maximum ratio observed for a given survey was established as the Criterion 2 reporting limit. Criterion 2 indicated the largest absolute difference observed during preoperational years between Transect 1 and 23. To determine if differences
. observed during this operational year were significant, mean group and total densities were calculated for Transects 1 and 23. For each group and total benthic density, the lowest mean density was divided into the highest to produce a factor greater than 1.0. If this factor exceeded the factor established as criterion 2, then the change observed was considered significant.
As stated above, a nonroutine report would be prepared in j l accordance with ETS Section 5.6.2.3 if both Criterion 1 and 2 13 I
- - -,--_m, -- --r, --t
Un M H O Z TAlli.E III-2 HEAH IlENTitle Gatout* IH:HSITit:S (HuttilEII/as l AND 14ESul.TS or SicNir: CANT ENVIIukutENTAI. CHANGE AHAI.YSIS Density g Catterion ! Cetterton 2 w> SangslTag Transect u]ougs No. 1 Ho. 2A Ho. }n No. 1 x Q uo 5xcee3s ETEIt I*3 Value Ex% e T LI M *3 g flarcle 1979 c 414 651 403 318 446 446 Ho 1.0 No IC) oligoctiaeta "# C 2 23 40 11 19 19 Ho 20 0 No Clit ronomald.no bI M Hollusca 2 0 0 0 0 0 No - Total 425 699 457 311 478 478 tio 1.1 No h$l'8 lij Hay 1979 , No OU ol igocleau ta 982 175 806 138 525 525 No 1.2 P Clit ronosaldae 18 12 27 7 17 Ife 0 Ho Ho 1.5 0 No 844: h O D3 d' Hollusca 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1,004 192 840 156 548 548 No 1.2 Ho O 63 H O Aiagins t 1979 O Oligoclidota 1,164 251 170 321 526 526 No 1.1 No e 110 218 5 87 87 vos 15.6 14 o o clit rosummidae 14 G slo Hollusca 0 5 0 2 2 2 too Total 1,185 441 588 310 636 636 Yes 2.0 llo , O HavenJeu r 1979 y 707 530 542 542 No 1.1 tio *3 Oligoctioota 805 117 Clii runonsidao o 2 66 2 18 I8 Ho o No Hollusca 0 13 33 11 14 14 No - - 812 132 806 556 576 576 Ho 4.0 too Total (a) Seu Talile Ill-1 for limiits (l3) Cannot divide l>y zero
SECTION III DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT were exceeded and the change was attributable to BVPS operation. This condition was not observed for any of the four seasonal surveys performed in 1979 (Table III-2). PLANKTON An ANOVA similar to that performed on benthos data was per-formed on the preoperational phytoplankton and zooplankton data to determine the 95th percentile range for the following groups: Chlorophyta (green algae) , Chrysophyta (yellow-green and yellow-brown algae and diatoms) Cyanophyta (blue-green algae), Cryptophyta, microflagellates, Rotifera and Protozoa. These groups accounted for more than 90% of the Ohio River plankton during preoperational years. The 95th percentile ranges for total phytoplankton and =coplankton densities were also determined. The lower and upper bounds (+2SD for Criterion 1) were determined; however, most of the lower bounds were zero (0) . Recognizing that zero densities are not a realistic number for assessing environmental change, new lower bounds were determined by averaging all minimum group and total density values o? rved for each preoperational survey and establish-ing thir maan minimum value as the lower bound for Criterion
- 1. The upper bound remained at +2SD. Monthly or quarterly (seasonal) criteria were not established because Criterion 2 compares data for a given sampling data (month), negating the need for seasonal assessment under Criterion 1.
To determine if Criterion 1 limits were exceeded, mean group and total phytoplankton and zooplankton densities were calculated. The mean is also the Criterion 1 value (Table III-3 and III-4). Criterion 2 was developed as defined above for benthos. To determine if significant changes from control to non-control
. areas had occurred, mean group and total density values were calculated for Transects 1 and 2B. Differences between the two transects were determined and the ratio (f actor) cal-culated. If this factor exceeded the preoperational factor and Criterion 1 was also exceeded, then a non-routine report was prepared, provided the cause was attributable to BVPS operation.
During 1979, two instances were evidenced when both phyto- _ plankton criteria aere exceeded. In March, Cryptophyta limits were exceeded while in April Chlorphyta limits were exceeded. In both instances, no ecologcial harm was evidenced and both instances were related to natural variations and not BVPS operations. 15
(/3 M O H H O Z H H TABl.E Illr3 H HEAN PHYTOL't.ANKTON CItOUP DE;HSITIES (Cells / mil AND RESUI.TS OF SICrilFICAtlT ENVil40 Hilt 28 TAI, CilAtaCE ANALYSIS 1979 ea sa 4 Density
- Sampl i n<jan sec t Criterion ! Crites'on 2 No. I No. 2h No. 25 No. 3 E Value EGoIWI.I'inTE_ I'3 Value Ecs. Fr. limit -Id3 p:0 E Qoug _
2 ZO January No UI Clilosophyta Ch ry sophy t a 120 42 33 105 43 109 16 43 102 20 40 109 20 40 109 20 Yes Yes No 1.0 3.1 1.6 No No h[. g M Cyanophyta 26 17 0 No M 0 3 3 3 2 2 Yes OU Cryptophyta No 1.1 No Microflaquilates 73 60 67 55 64 64 O 219 238 221 235 215 Yes 1.1 No t'*
$ Total 261 O DI OH rebanary H 142 112 122 122 Yes 1.1 No Chlorophyta 134 100 No Chrysophyta 98 72 76 96 86 86 Yes 1.3 O 23 21 21 No 1.9 No Cyariophyta 26 20 14 11 6 6 Yes 0 No Cayptophyta 4 6 4 Microflagellates 110 74 56 71 78 78 No 2.0 No M Total 372 272 292 313 312 312 Yes 1.3 No yQ O
N March 100 Yes 2.7 No H Chlorophyta 145 119 53 85 100 83 107 !!6 116 Yes 1.6 No Chrysophyta 136 136 7 4 6 6 Yes 1.0 No Cyanophyta Il 2 2 7 5 5 Yes 3.5 Yes Cayptophyta 7 3 [ 39 43 51 51 No 1.8 No Microflagellatura 70 51 No 315 185 251 281 281 Yes 2.0 Total 373 April 3.7 Yes Chlorophyta 320 353 87 172 233 233 Yes 685 1,018 1,088 1,088 No 1.9 No Chrysoplay ta 1,284 1, 34 4 Cyanophyta 24 29 11 13 19 19 No 2.2 No 27 44 44 44 Yes 1.8 No Cryptophyta 50 56 Microflagellates 208 212 159 209 197 197 No 1.3 No 1,587 1,587 Yes 2.0 No Total 1,894 2,001 969 1,484 I (a) See Table III-I for I.lenits
(n t'l O H H O LC H H F4 TABI.E III-3 (Continued) pensity criterion 1 Criterion 2 SamplTK3 Transact Value Exceeds limit I*I Fd Group No. I No. 2A No. 28 No. 1 5 Value Exceeds I.imit(*
-J y)
Nay 1.0 No t3 800 900 794 900 848 848 No Chlorophyta No 1.2 No C2 Chrysophyta 2,532 2,386 2,040 2,308 2,316 2,316 f3 Cyanophyte 10 24 16 2 13 13 ye 1.6 No Cryptophyta 176 166 116 168 156 156 No 1.5 No [hhf Microttagellates 352 340 152 216 265 265 No 2.3 No y u) 3,606 3,606 No 1.2 No b 2C Total 3,888 3,822 3,120 3,596 t1 June fgg 3,'219 No 1.0 No () ta Fa Chlorophyta 3,085 2,785 3,230 3,775 3,219 No t1 C)
-J 1,780 1,780 1,845 1,615 1,755 1,755 No 1.0 Chrysophyta No 0 No C3 00 Cyanophyta 55 40 0 10 26 26 Cryptophyta 440 395 460 460 439 439 No 1.0 No f)"3 790 665 620 $55 658 658 No 1.3 No ()
Microflagellates 6,150 5,665 6,155 6,415 6,096 6,096 No 1.0 No () Total July Chlorophyta 9,240 11,540 10,975 9,290 10,261 10,261 No 1.2 No hf $ 3,610 2,960 3,240 3,240 No 1.0 No 43$d Chrysophyta 3,740 2,650 No C) Cyanophyta 220 350 260 50 220 220 No 1.2 Cryptophyta 360 240 130 190 230 230 No No 2.8 1.2 yes No fl Microflagellates 890 710 760 670 758 758 15,785 13,240 14,754 14,754 No 1.1 No Total 14,500 35,494 August No Chlorophyta 4,700 3,860 5,130 4,300 4,518 4,518 No 1.1 1,510 1,510 No 1.2 No Chrysophyta 1,730 1,550 1,490 1,270 No 290 130 40 80 135 135 No 7.2 Cyanophyta No 7.6 No cryptophyta 160 216 100 220 172 172 530 540 532 532 No 1.1 No Micsoflagellates 590 470 6,270 7,300 6,490 6,888 6,888 No 1.0 No Total 7,490
Os t4 O
+4 H
O 5$ H H F4 TABLE III-3 (Continued) Density , Criterion I criterion 2 Ed Sampling. Transect - 8 Group 'o. N 1 No. 2A No. fB No. 3 x Value ~Euceeds I.init " Value Exceeda I.imit "I )) t; September 1.2 No C3 Chlorophyta 2,890 2,610 2,300 2,540 2,585 2,585 No 1.2 No (3 1,430 1,700 1,478 1,478 No Chrysophyta 1,150 1,630 1.4 No C3 Cyanophyta 1,580 2,130 200 1,110 340 1,540 300 1,590 282 1,590 282 Yes No 1.2 No yc; h! Cryptophyta 290 Nicroflagellates 900 810 780 710 800 800' Yes 1.2 No b 2: 6,810 7,430 5,980 6,820 6,760 6,760 No 1.1 No P1 Total 0 9g 6* Octohor 1.6 No t1 6) 03 Chlorophyta 222 285 135 115 204 204 Yes 1.1 No C) DC Chrysophyta 482 490 540 305 454 454 Yes CI F3 Cyanophyta 42 38 25 28 33 33 No 1.7 No i Cryptophyta 15 12 10 10 12 12 Yes 1.5 No () Nicroflagellatea 192 158 148 115 153 153 No 1.3 No () Total 955 990 858 635 860 860 Yes 1.1 No November 1.5 No hN yQ 535 470 360 318 421 421 Yes Chlorophyta 688 718 785 610 700 700 Yes 1.1 No () Chrysophyta No 1.4 No P3 Cyanophyta 35 35 25 28 31 31 "3 Cryptophyta 45 50 60 60 54 54 Yea 1.3 No ,i Nicroflagellates 445 362 290 292 347 347 No 1.5 No Total 1,758 1,640 1,526 1,310 1,558 1,558 Yes 1.2 No ikscember No 363 344 150 238 274 274 Yes 2.4 Clitorophyt a Chrysophyta 542 566 382 501 498 498 Yes 1.4 No 233 19 99 132 132 No 9.4 No Cyanophyta 178 35 24 25 20 28 Yes 1.1 No Cryptophyta 26 146 130 126 137 137 No 1.! No Nicroflagellates 146 Total 1,260 1,330 711 996 1,074 1,074 Yes 1.8 No t
Tall
- lil-4 HEAtl haurt ANETOst GueMM* DE443573 ES ittumber/II AINA DESULTS OP SIGHIPICAtit LNVilMWeNLt4TAl. CHANGE ANALYSIS Danuft ihToI- ikb! kt u v $!$U.th i:Isri 8*8 VII . !!$$$::lEIT*8 8
January gg Psotossa 320 350 22g 350 382 312 v.a 1.4 iso pg notifere 65 de 27 18 44 44 was 2.4 No g) Total 305 400 255 348 357 151 was 8.5 blo ,g H rehsuesy () Protosaa 15 65 50 67 64 64 van 1.5 16o Eg mottfara 15 40 50 26 31 33 was 3.3 vom Total 90 405 500 93 97 97 yes 4.8 tso P1 H Harch F4 Protozoa 205 260 12A 160 150 188 van 8.6 86o notifera 42 50 I? 18 37 37 ves' 2.5 vom Total 155 380 145 200 224 224 vos 1.s no V April um Psotasoa 427 488 185 420 300 380 was 2.3 no %a motifera 197 225 40 140 ISI 158 vas 4.9 vee up Total 625 120 227 564 534 4 was 2.8 vus t2 Nar h$ gl i ) Psotozoa 1,855 2,365 1,132 2,255 2,053 2,052 No 4.8 too ** E3 kottfara 594 ISS IJ2 102 172 172 van 1.6 no C1 P1 Total 2,048 2,565 1,865 2,438 2,226 2,226 No 1.8 180 ( Juna M p3 pa Protozoa 400 442 542 445 459 459 was 1.3, Blu r) t1 up kotifera 102 92 125 222 535 P15 was 1.2 No () p4 Tutat 512 542 670 670 598 598 vua 1.3 the t1 c) s 01 04 July Cl F3 Protozoa 278 376 372 330 340 340 van 8.3 16o F4 kottfara 2,198 2,105 2,300 2,248 2,255 2,255 Ho 1.1 iso ' [1, () Total 2,515 2,650 2,452 2,650 2,672 2,672 no 3.1 No f)
..,...t Psotozoa kottfesa 158 3,815 182 3,720 4,500 525 3,450 128 3,645 112 3,482 4,238 182 3,402 4,238 vom no No 1.3 1.1 No e6a eks p) < ed d
Total 3,925 4,0a5 4,413 3.0 c) 93 Se p t e ml>c s' 63 Pautozoa 590 640 458 670 609 609 vus 1.1 tio kotifera 205 300 200 350 324 324 Yes 1.0 tso Total 900 4,030 825 1,045 950 950 vom 3.1 ske Octobur Psotozoa 352 295 305 350 126 326 von 4.2 No notitana 80 42 20 25 42 42 yea 4.0 ves Total 435 330 330 375 370 370 vos 3.3 gio ,, V Movembe r - Protosoa 380 50s 410 454 454 wee 1.2 tso kotifesa 70 100 14 95 46 06 was 1.1 ano Total 455 604 53e 565 542 542 yea 3.2 too Decent ss Protoaoa 43m 328 265 200 328 328 vom I.6 No kottfara 255 240 125 288 220 220 wee 2.0 Ho Total 698 EIS 390 498 550 550 yea 1.9 uo E{ Sea Tal,la til-1 for lla,lta
SECTION III DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 A MDAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Four instances were evidenced when zooplankton exceeded its limits (February, March, April and October) . In all cases, Rotifera limits were exceeded. No ecological harm to the environment was observed and all instances were related to natural variations, rather than BVPS operations. ICHTHYOPLANKTON An ANOVA was performed on preoperational ichthyoplankton data to determine the 95th percentile range. As with plank-ton, the lower bound of 2SD was zero. A new lower bound was determined by averaging all minimum larval densities observed
, for each preoperational survey;3the new lower bound was established at 2.6 larval /100 m . The ypper bound, which remained at +25D, was 37.3 larvae /100 m . To determine if significant changes from preoperational years had occurred, all the samples collect 2d within the study area for a given survey were analyzed and an overall larval density was calculated and compared with Criterion 1 limits.
Criterion 2 compares larval densities at Transect 1 (upstream j control) with Transect 2B (first transect downstream of l BVPS) to determine if the absolute ratio is higher than the l largest ratio observed during preoperational studies. If l this ratio (factor) is exceeded and Criterion 1 is also exceeded, then a significant change has been observed. No significant changes were observed during the 1979 study year (Table III-5) . l l 20 1 f k 4,
En N O d H O g . H H H Taut.E III-5 P HEAtl ICllTilYOPI.ANKTori DEllSITit:S (Larvae /100 an l AND RESUI.TS
- OF SIGI4IPICA:IT 134VIhot4HCITAI. CllA14GE ANALYSIS q e
penalty O Samplin2 Transect criterion 1 Criterion 2 gC Ilo . I No. 2A ilo. 2R No. 1 x Value Exceeds ;.imit I*I Value Exceeds I.isait "I No a Apr!! 19, 1979 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 llo EzM 0 0 0.17 0.19 0.19 Yes 0 No g H.sy 1, 1979 0.21 Oo 1.95 0.81 2.51 1,91 1.91 Yes 2.9 No OH u Hay 17, 1979 2.37 MC H June 7, 1979 0 0.57 0.39 0 0.24 0.24 Yes 0 No Q) June 20, 1979 21.01 10.07 11.69 22.38 10.63 10.63 No 1.8 No n O July 5, 1979 13.50 7.20 14.82 31.50 16.76 16.76 No 1.1 tio ga ( MM (a) See Talale 111-1 for I.imits O N 8
SECTION IV DUQUESWE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNURL ECOLOGICAL REPORT IV MONITORING NON-RADIOLOGICAL EFFLUENTS MONITORING CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS Most of the water required for the operation of BVPS is taken from the Ohio River and discharged at points shown in Figure IV-1. Figure IV-2 is a schematic diagram of liquid flow paths for BVPS. There are four parameters identified in the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS) which must be monitored, and if limits are exceeded, reported. The four parameters are:
- 1. Temperature at the outfall structure
- 2. Free available chlerine at the outfall structure
- 3. pH at the Chemical Water Sump
- 4. Chromates at the low level waste drain tank In addition, the amounts of chemicals released to the environment are noted in the Beaver Valley - #1 Unit Environ-mental Statement and are listed below:
Source Material Released Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste Na2SO 4 Mixed B 1 Feutralized Waste Na2SO 4 Water Softener Waste Nacl Cooling Tower Biocide C1 2 Reactivity Control H 30 3 3 Corrosion Control K 2 Cr 27 0 All of the above chemicals were released during 1979. i Results Limiting Conditions for Operation l The ranges observed during 1?79 for each of the four parameters j monitored in liquid effluents which have specified limits. are as follows: 22
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY i 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT "1 ""Ej O s
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1 l . . SECT 80N IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY CHEMICAL USAGE 1979 Annual Ecological Report FfGURE IV.2 t I j sr.cncu Iv coccEswr r.r a cor:r m FIGURE 4.2 *
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SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l 1 Range of Values Discharged in Parameter Limits 1979 Temperature 94*F (4 hrs . ) 33 to 89'F Free Available Chlorine 0.5 mg/l 0.0 to 2.0 pH (released from chemical 6.0 - 9.0 6.0 to 9.0 water sump) Chromates 0.05 mg/l <0.05
. During the year, the limits noted above were exceeded as follows:
- 1. Free Available Chlorine On January 3, 1979, at 1530 hours, an over-chlorination condition occurred during a plant shutdown resulting in a free chlorine residual of 2.0 ppm in the Beaver Valley effluent channel. The chlorine residual returned to less than 0.5 ppm at 1610 hours. At 1800 l
hours, a residual of 0.65 ppm was detected and returned to less than 0.5 ppm at 1815 hours. The cause of both over-chlorinations was a change in system configuration due to the plant shutdown and reduced circulating water system flow. The flow on the Ohio River at the time was approximately 53,800,000 gpm which provided a dilution factor of 2000:1 in the local mixing zone. The high chlorine demand of the river further reduced the effect of the chlorine outside the local mixing zone. Consequently, it is not considered that any impact to the river ecosystem occurred. 25 l
SECTION IV DUQGISNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT ) l l Chemicals Released Estimated Amount
- Actual Amount Source Released (lb/yr) Released (lb/yr)
Cation - Anion 20,000 448,500 Neutralized Waste (Sodium Sulf ate) Mixed Bed Neutralized 5,000 35,220 l Waste (Sodium Sulf ate) j Water Softener Waste 15,000 178,740 (Sodium Chloride) Cooling Water Biocide 2,380 48 (Chlorine) Reactivity Control 20,000** 4,461 (Boric Acid) l Corrosion Control 4.5 <1 l By inventory differential or calculated usage. Indicates previous approved change in Technical Specification, Appendix B, Amendment No. 15. The amounts discharged exceeded the estimated release values in all cases except cooling water biocide, reactivity control and corrosion control (hexavalent chromium). The increased use rate was attributed to the following: . Cation-Anion Neutralized Waste The water demands for BVPS continue to be greater than originally estimated due to the use of volatile chemistry in the secondary plant (because of the increased blow-down), and therefore, the quantity of make-up water was proportionately increased. Provisions were made pre-viously to recycle secondary water resulting in a decrease in make-up water demand. Although the amount i of sodium sulfate exceeded original estimates, there ( was no impact to the ecosystem. A special assessment (s tudy) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium sulfate on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "B"). 26 l
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT The special assessment (s tudy) concluded that no adverse effects to aquatic life would be expected if the annual i release of sodium sulfate was increased to 700,000 lb/ year due to low release concentration, short exposure time and the minimal amount released in comparison with natural levels in the Ohio River. Mixed Bed Neutralized Waste The cation-anion effluent quality was reduced due to iron and organic fouling resulting in the increased depletion of the mixed bed demineralizer and the use of more sodium sulf ate than originally estimated. In addition , regeneration was also initialed due to silica bre akthrough. Silica specifications were not included in the original estimates. As noted above, an assess-ment of the impact of sodium sulfate on the ecosystem in the Ohio River was presented in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report. Water Softener Wasto The use of soft water increased beyond that originally
- estimated because manpower levels at the station (both in-plant personnel, as well as contractors) were much larger than originally predicted.
Although the amount of sodium chloride released to the environment exceeded original estimates , the amounts discharged did not harm the ecosystem. A special assessment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium chloride on the Ohio River and was included in the 1978 Annual Ecological Report (Appendix "C") . , The special assessment (study) concluded that the release of 250,000 pounds of salt (NACL) annually will not adversely affect aquatic life in the Ohio River. Cooling Water Biocide The average free available chlorine concentration is ( limited to 0.2 ppm over a 2-hour period per day. Based l on actual analyses and blowdown flow, the total chlorine ! released during 1979 was 48 pounds. This amount was l well below original estimates. t 27 1
SECTION IV DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Reactivity Control The amount of boric acid used during 1979 was determined by actual analyses of all radwaste discharged. This amount was below estimates noted in Amendment 15 of the BVPS Technical Specifications. Corrosion Control The amount of hexavalent chromate released in 1979 was obtained using chemical analyses of all reactor plant discharges. The maximum chromate discharged, based on total liquid radwaste discharged in 1979 and the
. detectable level of chromate, was less than one pound.
This also is well below original estimates. HERBICIDES Herbicides were used for weed control at the Beaver Valley site, and transmission lines leaving the site. Areas specifically designated for protection and restriction from herbicide application have not been sprayed. No accidental spills of herbicides occurred during the year. Table IV-1 summarizes the usage of herbicides at the Beaver Valley Power Station and affected rights-of-ways. 28
DucutSN( LIGHT COMPANf SECTION IV 1979 A.m al teologtcal aeport- Here1tv. Tante cide} N wN 4a S . .22
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SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT V. MONITORING PROGRAMS (AQUATIC) In accordance with BVPS Unit 1 Environmental Technical Specifications, the following aquatic monitoring program elements were conducted during 1979: ETS Reference Program Element 3.1.3.3 Benthos 3.1.3.4 Plankton 3.1.3.5 Fish 3.1.3.6 Ichthyoplankton 3.1.3.7 Fish Impingement 3.1.3.8 Plankton Entrainment Program elements 3.1.3.3 through 3.1.3.6 are elements con-cerned with the potential impact of aqueous releases from BVPS Unit 1 to the Ohio River. The ecological study area established to assess these potential impacts consisted of three sampling transects (Figure V-1). Transect 1 is located at river mile (RM 34.5) approximately 0.3 mi (0.5 km) upstream of BVPS and is the control station. Transect 2 is located approximately 0.5 mi (0.8 km) downstream of the BVPS discharge structure. Transect 2 is divided by Phillis Island. The main channel is designated Transect 2A and the back channel Transect 23. Transect 2B is the principal non-control tran-sect because the majority of aqueous discharges from BVPS Unit 1 are released to the back channel. Transect 3 is located approximately 2 mi (3 km) downstream of BVPS. Program elements 3.1.3.7 and 3.1.3.8 are concerned with impingement of fish and entrainment of plankton (ichthyo-plankton, phytoplankton and zooplankton) at the intake structure. Sampling dates for each of the above program elements are presented in Table V-1. The following sections of this report present a summary of findings for each of the program elements. t l l 30
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT CCMPArt 1979 AmMAL ECOLCGICAL REPORT I
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# TAug.E V-1 AQUATIC PROGRAM HONITORING SAMPLING DATES 1919 Entrainment PhytoplanftE [
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SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT ! BENTHOS (ETS Reference 3.1. 3.3) Objectives To characterize the benthos of the Ohio River near BVPS and to determine the impact, if any, of BVPS operations. Methods Four surveys were performed in 1979 to characterize the benthic macroinvertebrate community on a seasonal basis. Surveys were conducted in March (winter) , May (spring), August ( summer) , and November (fall). A survey consisted of taking three replicate Ponar grab samples at each river bank and at midriver along Transects 1, 2A and 3. In the back channel of Phillis Island (Transect 2B), one grab sample was taken at each river bank and one at midehannel. Each grab was washed with a U.S. Standard Mo. 30 sieve and the remains placed in a bottle and preserved with formalin. In the laboratory, macroinvertebrates were sorted from each sample, identified to the lowest possible taxon and counted. 2 Mean densities (numbers /m ) for each taxon were calculated for each of three replicates and three back channel samples. Four species diversiti indices were calculated: Shannon and Evenness indices (Pielou 1969), the Richness Index (Dahlberg i and Odum 1970) and the number of species (taxa). Habitats Substrate type is one of the most important factors in determining the type of benthic community which may develop. Two distinct benthic habitats exist in the Ohio River near BVPS and are the result of daming, channelization, and river traffic. Shoreline habitats are generally soft muck-type ; substrates composed of sand, silt and detritus. One exception is along the north shoreline of Phillis Island at Transect 2A where clay and sand predominate. This condition was caused by sand dredging operations many years ago. The other distinct habitat is located at midriver. Midriver habitats, unlike shoreline habitats, are hard. A condition caused initially by damming and channelization but aggravated by river currents and tow and barge traffic. Species Composition I Sixty-four macroinvertebrate taxa were identified during the 1979 monitoring program-(Table V-2). Species composition during 1979 was similar to previous preoperational (1973-l 33 l l 1 l ! l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-2 l SYSTEMATIC LIST OF MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED IN PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS
*Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Porifera Spongilla fragilis X Cnidaria Hydrozoa Clavidae Cordylophora lacustris X X X X Hydridae Craspedacu ta sowerby_i_ X Hydra sp. X X X X X X t
PJ.atyhelminthes Tricladida X X X X Rhabdocoela X X X Nemertea X Nematoda X X X X X X X Entoprocta Urnatella gracilis X X X X X X X Ectoprocta Frederieella sp. X X Paludicella articulata X X Pectinatella sp. X Plumatella sp. X Annellida Oligochaeta Aeolosomatidae X X X Enchytraeidae X X X X X l Naididae Amphichaeta leydigli X Amphichaeta sp. X Areteonais lemondi X Aulophorus sp. X Chaetogaster diaphanus X X X X
,C,. diastrophus X Dero digLtata X X X
! D. nivea X X Dero sp. X X X X X X l 34 1 i
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-2 (Continued) Preoperational Operational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Nais barbata X X X X X
.N. bretscheri N. communis X X elinguis X N,.
N. variabilis X Nais sp. X X X X X X Paranais frici X X X X X X Paranais sp. X Pristina osborni X X X _P.. sima Pristina sp. X Psamnoryetides curvisetosus X Slavina appendiculata X Stephensoniana trivandrana X X X Stylaria lacustris X Uncinais uncinata X
?2ificidae Auledrilus li=nobius X X X X X X X A. piqueti X X X X X X
[.pluriseta X X X X X Berthrioneurum veidovskyanum X X X X Branchiura sewerbvi X X X X X Ilyedrilus templetoni X X X X X X X Limnodrilus cervix X X X X X L. cervix (variant) X X X X X [.claparedeianus X X X X X X L. hoffmeisteri X X X X X X X spiralis X X X L_. L. udekemianus X X X X X X X Limnodrilus sp. X s Peloscolex multisetosus longidentus X X X X P. m. multisetosus X X X X X X X Potamothrix moldaviensis X M ifer tubifex X X X X X Unidentified imature forms: with hair chaetae X X X X X X X without hair chaetae X X X X X X X Lumbriculidae X
. Hirudinea Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stacnalis X Helebdella sp. X l Erpobdellidae
- Ercobdella sp. X Mooreobdella microstoma X X l
i 35 i I l
, SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPA!TY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLCGICAL REPORT TABLE V-2 (Continued)
Preoperational Cperational 1973 1974 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 Arthropoda Acarina X X Ostracoda X X X Amphipoda Talitridae Hvallela azteca X X r^=naridae Cragonyx pseudocracilis X Craconyx sp. X r.ammarus fasciatus X c^=narus sp. X X X X X Decepoda X Co* embolla X Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae X X Stenacron sp. X Caenidae Caenis sp. X X W icorythodes sp. X Ephemeridae Echemera sp. X Megloptera Sialis sp. X Odonata X Gomphidae Dror.ogo:achus sooliatus X Dromogomphus sp. X Gomehus sp. X X X Trichoptera Psychomyiidae Polvcentropus sp. X Hydropsychidae X Cheumatepsyche sp. X X Hydropsyche sp. X Hydroptilidae Hydreptila sp. X Cxyethira sp. X Leptoceridae oecetis sp. 1 X Coleoptera X Wydrophilidae X 36
SECTION V DUQUESNE ?IGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V- 2 (Continued) Preoperational Coeratienal 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Elmidae X Ancvronyx variocatus X Dubiraphia sp. X X X Helichus sp. X Stenelmis sp. X X X Psephenidae X Diptera Unidentified Diptera X X X X X Psychodidae X Pericema sp. X Psychoda sp. X Telmatoscocus sp. X ~ Unidentified Psychodidae pupae X Chacboridae Chaoborus sp. X X X X X X Simu111dae simulium sp. X Chironomidae Chironominaa X chironominae pupa X Chironemus sp. X X X X X Cryctochirenemus sp. X X X X X X X Dicretendices nez rosus X Dicrotendipes sp. X X X Givetotendipes sp. X X Harnischia sp. X X X X X
..icroosectra sp. X Microtendipes sp. X Parachironemus sp. X Polyeedilum (s.s.)convictum type X P. (s. s. ) simulans type X ;
Polycedilum sp. X X X i Rheotanvtarsus sp. X X X X Stenochironomus sp, X X X Stictochironomus sp. X Tanvtarsus sp. X X X Tanypodinae Ablabesmvia sp. X X X Coelotanyous scapularis X X X X Procladius (Procladius) X Procladius sp. X X X X X X X l Thienemannimyia group X X X X X l
- '.avrolimyia sp. X j 37
SECTION F DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUM. ECOZ,0GICAL REPORT TABLE V-2 (Continued) Precperational Ceerational 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Crthoclar'iinae X Cricetocus bicinctus X C. (s. s. ) trif ascia X Cricotopus (Isociadius) sylvestris Group X i C. (Isocladius) sp. X l i Cricetoous (s.s.) sp. X X X X
, Eukiefferiella sp. X X X Hydrobaenus sp. X Limnochves sp. X Nannocladius (s. s. ) distinctus X X X X Nannocladius sp. X crthocladius sp. X X X X X X
~
Parametrioenemus sp. X X Paraphaenocladius sp. X X Psectrocladius sp. X X Pseuderthocladius sp. X Pseudosmit-da sp. X X Smittia sp. X X X X Diamesinae Diamesa sp. X Potthastia sp. X Ceratopogonidae X X X X X Dolichopodidae X X Empididae X X X X Wiedemannia sp. X Ephydridae X Muscidae X X Rhagionidae X Tipulidae X Stratiomyiidae X Sy phidae X Let idoptera X X Mollusca Gastropoda
- Ancylidae Ferrissia sp. X X X X Planorbidae X l
i Valvatidae valvata cer?eeressa Pelecypoda X Corbiculidae Corbicula manilensis X X X X X
~
38
SECTION F DUQUESWE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLCGICAL REPORT TABLE V-2 (Continued) Precperational Cperaticnal t 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Sphaeriidae X Pisidium sp. X X Sphaerium sp. X X X X X Unidentified immature Sphaeriidae X X X Unionidae Anadenta erandis X Elliotic sp. X Unidentified i:mnature Unionidae X X X O e w l 39 i i
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 1975) and operational (1976-1979) years. The macroinverte-brate assemblage during 1979 was composed primarily of borrow-ing forms typical of soft unconsolidated substrates. Oligo-chaetes (worms) and chironomid (midge) larvae were most abundant. Co-man genera of oligochaetes were Limnodrilus, Ilyodrilus, Aulodrilus, Branchiurt., Peloscolex and Tubifex. Common chironomid genera were Procladius, orthocladius, Cryptochironomus and Nanocladius. In previous years, the Asiatic clam (Cobiculla) was present and abundant. None ' were collected during 1979. No ecologically important additions were identified nor were any threatened or endangered species collected during 1979. Community Structure and Spatial Distribution Oligochaetes accounted for the greatest percentage (>97%) of the macroinvertebrates at all sampling transects during all seasonal surveys except August (Table V-3). During the August survey, oligochaetes accounted for 98.2% and 97.3% of the macroinvertebrates at Transects 1 and 3, respectively, but accounted for only 56.9% and 62.9% at Transects 2A and 2B, respectively. Chironomids composed 24.9% and 37.1% of the macroinvertebrates at Transect 2A and 2B, respectively during August. Generally, chironomids composed less than 10% of the total during all surveys. In general, the density of macroinvertebrates during 1979 was highest at Transect 1 and lowest at Transects 2A and 3. Lower abundance at Transect 2A is probably related to poor substrate conditions (clay and sand) along the north shore-line of Phillis Island. At Transects 3, both north and south shoreline substrates are composed strickly of soft, dark mud. Density and species composition variations observed within the BVPS study area is due largely to habitat differences and the tendency of certain types of macroinvertebrates i (e.g., oligochaetes) to clump together. Overall, abundance and species composition within the study area were sLmilar. This conclusion is based on an understanding of habitat differences and species observed near BVPS. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects No adverse impact to the benthic community was observed during 1979. This is based on data analyses performed to determine significant environmental change between Transects 40
. SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY .
1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V- 3 MEAN NUMBER Oi MACROINVERTEBRATES/m AND PERCENT COMPOSITION OF OLIGOCHAETA, CHIRONOMIDAE, MOLLUSCA AND OTHER ORGANISMS FOR 1979 BVPS Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3
#/m % #/m % #/m % #/m %
March 22 Oligochaeta 414 97.4 651 93.1 403 88.2 318 96.1 Chironomidae 2 0.5 23 3.3 40 8.8 11 3.3 Mollusca 2 0.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 Others 7 1.6 25 3.6 14 3.1 2 0.6 Totals 425 699 457 331 May 25 Oligochaeta 982 97.8 175 91.1 806 96.0 138 88.5 Chironomidae 11 1.1 12 6.2 27 3.2 7 4.5 Mollusca 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 others 11 1.1 5 2.6 7 0.8 11 7.1
. Totals 1,004 192 840 156 August 1 Oligochaeta 1,164 98.2 251 56.9 370 62.9 321 97.3 Chironomidae 14 1.2 110 24.9 218 37.1 5 1.5 Mollusca 0 0.0 5 1.1 0 0.0 2 0.6 Others 7 0.6 75 17.0 0 0.0 2 0.6 Totals 1,185 441 588 330 November 14 Oligochaeta 805 99.1 117 88.6 707 87.7 538 96.8 Chironomidae 0 0.0 2 1.5 66 8.2 2 0.4 Mollusca 0 0.0 13 9.8 33 4.1 11 2.0 Others 7 0.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 5 ^2 Totals 812 132 806 556 41
4 SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 1 (control) and 2B (non-control) and assessment of species j composition and densities. It has already been shown that ; oligochaetes predominated throughout the study area. More i specifically, during the March survey tubificids without capiliform chagta were the most abundant 2 at both transects (mean of 249/m Transect 1 and 366/m Transect 23). Dgring May, mean densities were 662/m 2 (Transect 1) and 323/m (Transect 'B). Limingdrilus hoffeisteri mean densities were ll4/m 2 and 119/m' for Transects 1 and 23, respectively. During the August survey, densities at Transect 2B were lower than Transect 1 but species composition remained similar. During November, immature tubificids were again the most abundant at both transects (652/m2 Transect 1 and 413'm2 Transect 2B). Species diversity values (Table V-4) calculated for each l sampling transect and each survey performed during 1979 fur-ther substantiate the similarity between Transects 1 and 2B. The mean number of taxa and Shan: on indices for the back channel were well within the range of values observed for other transects in the study area. Differences observed between Transect 1 (control) and 2B (non-control) and between other transects can be related to differences in habitat. None of the differences were related to BVPS operation. Based upon the reporting limits / criteria established for benthos (Table III-1), it was determined that no significant changes in benthic group and total macroinvertebrates den-sities were detected during 1979. Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Composition, percent occurrence and overall abundance of macroinvertebrates has changed little from preoperational years through the current study year. Oligochaetes have predominated the community each year and they composed 91% of the community in 1979 (Figure V-2). A similar oligochaete assemblage has been reported each year. Chironomids and mollusks have composed the remaining minor fractions of the community each year. The potential nuisance clam, Corbicula, had increased in abundance from 1974 through 1976, but i declined in number after 1977. No Corbicula were collected during 1979. l l 42
TABLE V-4 un M MONTIILY MEAN DIVERSITY VALUES FOR BENTilIC MACROINVERTEBRATES Q COLLECTED IN Tile OllIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 H t O "c Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 South Mid North South Mid North Bank South Mid North Date Bank Charael Bank Bank Channel Bank Channel Bank Channel Bank H March 22 w
- -a 6
- 5
- tm. of Taxa 7 0 1 1 1 14 4 g Shannon Index 1.67 0 0.33 0.40 0 1.90 1.07 2.04 0 1.72 c:
Evenness 0.64 0 0.33 0.33 0.67 0.61 0.74 0.78 0.33 0.72
- e. n O
lt* In May 23 t1 Z M No. of Taxa 7 0 8 2 2 4 5 5 2 2 yp g Shannon Index 1.09 0 1.55 0.24 0.53 0.92 0.92 1.92 0.83 0.62 Og Evenness 0.44 0 0.56 0.14 0.33 0.39 0.24 0.83 0.67 0.48 o p: O8 H August 1 OO gO No. of Taxa 6 1 2 10 1 5 5 4 2 3 @ Shannon Index 1.13 0 0.61 2.62 0.15 1.59 1.90 1.25 0.86 1.05 l' z Evenness 0.51 0.33 0.64 0.82 0.84 0.93 0.85 0.69 0.67 0.60 K O lx3 8 November 14
- 6
- 7 No. of Taxa 7
- 4 5 1 4 Shannon Index 1.01 0 1.25 1.73 0 0.67 1.36 1.01 0 1.58 Evenness 0.34 0 0.67 0.82 0 0.67 0.41 0.50 0 0.58
*0rganism present, unean number less than 0.5.
" - ~ SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT j i l OLIGOCHAETA
=
3 CHIRONOMIDAE
$ ALL OTHERS 10 0 90 -
80 - 70 - g 60 - s1
$ 50 -
O
- n. 40 -
30 - 20 - 10 - O M W t 1970-72 1973 1974 1975 j ( 1976 1977 1978 1979 j v v PRE-CFeJATIONAL OPERATIONAL YEARS YEARS FIGURE V-2 PERCENT COMPOSITION OF THE BENTHOS CO!OiUNITY DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS NEAR BVPS. 44 1
= = SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Total macroinvertebrate densites for Transects 1 (control) and 2B (non-control) for each year since 1973 are tabulated in Table V-5. Densities of macroinvertebrates have increased from 1973 through BVPS Unit 1 start-up (1976) until the cur-rent study year (1979). Except for 1973 and 1979, mean densities in the back channel of Phillis Island (non-control) were higher than Transect 1 (control) densities. Higher densities suggest that the benthos in the back channel is as " healthy", if not " healthier" than the control transect benthos.
Summarv and Conclusions Substrate is probably the most inportant factor controlling the benthic macroinvertebrate community of the Ohio River near BVPS. Soft muck-type substrates along the shoreline is conducive to worm and midge proliferation while limiting macroinvertebrates requiring a more stable bottom. The predominant macroinvertebrates were burrowing forms typical of soft substrates. Oligochaeta accounted for over 90% of the macrobenthos. Chironomidae, the next most abundant group, accounted for less than 5% of the macroinvertebrates. Community structure has changed little since preoperational years and there was no evidence to indicate that SVPS oper-ations are affecting the benthic community of the Ohio River. 0 l 45
TABLE V-5 m M 2 O BENTilIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITIES (NUMBER /m ) FOR TRANSECT 1 $ (CONTROL TRANSECT) AND TRANSECT 2B (NON CONTROL) o DURING PREOPERATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL YEARS BVpS < Preoperational Years Operational Years 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B 1 2B pa to
-a January g February 205 Os 703 311 358 200 312 1,100 1,499 2,545 March 425 457 g@c g
C to April May 248 508 1,116 2,197 927 3,660 674 848 351 126 1,004 840 $$M June 5 40 507 686 g 421 410 m t1 July 653 119 - $ August 99 244 143 541 1,017 1,124 851 785 591 3,474 601 1,896 1,185 588 UN t* September 175 92 0$ H October 256 239 November 149 292 318 263 75 617 388 1,295 108 931 386 1,543 812 806 o December @ k I, Mean 231 206 483 643 546 871 631 1,485 421 1,588 709 1,528 856 673 mR O a Blanks represent periods when no collect. were mado
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY ~ 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT PLANKTON (ETS Reference 3.1.3.4) Objectives Plankton sampling shall be conducted to determine the con-dition of both the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit 1 and to assess possible environmental impact to the plankton. PHYTOPLANKTON Methods Two replicate samples were collected monthly at the surface (1 ft) and bottom (15 f t) at Transects 1, 2A, 2B, and 3. Each sample was a composite prepared by collecting water in a 5 gal carboy from a submersible pump which was slowly towed along the transect. Separate passes were made to collect duplicate samples. A 1 gal sample was taken from the carboy and preserved with Lugol's solution. This 1 gal sample was used for the analysis of both phytoplankton and , zooplankton. ! In the laboratory, a known aliquot of well-mixed sample was l concentrated by settling, the supernatant was decanted and the concentrate diluted to a final volume. An aliquot of 0.1 m1 from the final concentrate was placed in a Palmer-Maloney cell and examined at 400X magnification. Approxi-mately 200 cells were identified and counted in each sample. For each collection date, the same volume of sample was settled and the same area of the Palmer cell was examined for all samples. A Hyrax diatom slide was prepared monthly from a composite of all river samples. This slide was examined at 1000X magnification for the purpose of making positive diatom identification. This information was used as an aid in identifying diatoms seen in individual samples. Mean densities (cells /ml), Shannon and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou 1969) , and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were calculated based upon two replicate surface and two replicate bottom samples. l Samples for pigment analysis were taken from the 5 nal l carboy. Each sample was filtered through a 0.45 t.cron membrane filter. Filters were retained as samples. Analyses were performed in accordance with " Biological Field and i Laboratory Methods" (EPA 1973). l l l l 47
V SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l Seasonal Distribution During the first quarter of 1979, phytoplankton was sparse, a common occurrence during the winter. Total mean densities ranged from 235 to 312 cells /ml (Table V-6). A sharp increase in phytoplankton occurred in May and continued until the seasonal maximum (mean 14,754 cells /ml) was reached in July (Figure V-3). Populations decreased sharply in August and continued to decline through October. Densities increased slightly in November and decreased again to low densities normally observed during December. Chlorophyll a, a measure of the relative amount of algal standing crop, exhibited a pattern similar to phytoplankton abundance (Figure V-4). Green algae (.Chlorophyta) was always the first or second most abundant group of the phytoplankton during 1979 (Table V-6). They comrpised from 15 to 70% of the phytoplankton each month. During July, the month when phytoplankton were most numerous, green algae accounted for 70% of the phyto-plankton. Diatoms (Chrysophyta) were common throughout the year and ranged from 22 to 68% of the phytoplankton each month. The group microflagellates, small (5-20 microns), flagellated algae which can only be positively identified when living, were also common (5-27%) during 1979. Cryptophyta and other groups (Euglenophyta and Pyrrhophyta) were always a minor portion (<l-7%) of the phytoplankton. Phytoplankton communities are not usually dominated by one or two species during the year. Different taxa generally predominate during each season. The most abundant taxa during the winter (January, February and March) were Miractinium pusillum and unidentified coccoids (green algae) and Asterionella formosa and Navicula cryptocephala (diatoms). Some unidentified microflagellates were also abundant. The microflagellate group included mostly heterotrophic organisms, which did not contribute much to the primary production. During the spring (April and May), the community was numeric-ally dominated by diatoms. Asterionella formosa, Nitzschia acicularis.and "Small Centrics" were the most common diatoms. Small centrics diatoms which were enceuntered in all monthly phytoplankton samples included several taxa ranging from 4 to 10 microns in diameter. Positive species identification was not possible during quantitative analysis at 400X magnification. Burn mount analysis at 1000X magnification revealed that the group "Small Centrics" included, at times, Cyclotella atomus, C. stelligera, C. pseudostelligera, C. meneghiniana, Stephanodiscus hant:schii, S. invisitatus, , S. tenuis and S. astraea. l 48
~
un TABLE V-6 N H MEAtl PilYTOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /ml) AllD PERCENT "o COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE (1 FT) AND BOTTOM (15 FT) Z SAMPLES COLLECTED IN Tile OllIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 ~ <: Sampling Transect tio . 2 B No. 3 x No. 1 No. 2A Group 8/ml _,
% I/ml % 8/ml s 8/ml t 8/ml [ 6*
January 40 17
- 33 15 43 18 43 19 Chlorophyta 42 16 O 48 109 46 102 46 109 46 Chrysophyta 120 46 105 26 10 17 8 16 7 20 9 20 8 CM Cyanophyta 3 1 3 1 2 1 Cryptophyta 0 73 28 0
60 3 27 1 67 28 55 25 64 27 $$ Microflagellates 0 0 0 <1 <1 to
<1 0 Other Groups 261 0
100 0 219 1 100 238 100 223 100 235 99 gg e Total t* O February QQ H 37 142 49 112 36 122 39 134 36 100 Chlorophyta 72 26 76 26 96 31 86 28 O Chrysophyta 98 26 26 20 7 14 5 23 7 21 7 @ Cyanophyta 4 7 1 6 2 4 1 11 4 6 2 gg Cryptophyta 74 27 56 19 71 23 78 25 m4 Microflagellates 110 30 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other Groups 0 0 0 8 272 99 292 100 313 101 312 101 Total 372 100 March 53 29 85 34 100 36 Chlorophyta 145 39 119 30 43 83 45 107 43 116 41 Chrysophyta 136 36 136 2 1 7 4 4 2 6 2 Cyanophyta 11 3 2 1 7 3 5 2 7 2 3 1 Cryptophyta 43 17 51 18 70 19 51 lo 39 21 Microflagellates 5 2 4 1 4 1 4 1 1 <1 Other Groups 281 100 372 100 315 100 185 100 251 101 Total
TABLE V-6 (Continued) y a sampling Transect _ $ No. 1 No. 2A Ho, 2B No. 3 x Q Group $/ml % N/ml % 5/ml % N/ml 4 #/ml % April Chlorophyta 320 17 353 18 87 9 172 12 233 15 1,284 68 1,344 67 685 71 1,038 70 1,088 68 Chrysophyta Cyanophyta 24 1 29 1 11 1 13 1 19 1 [ 50 3 56 2 27 3 44 3 44 3 a Cryptophyta Microflagellates 208 11 212 11 159 16 209 14 197 12 "' cy other Groups 8 <1 7 <1 0 0 8 <1 6 <1 pj Total 1,094 100 2,001 99 968 100 1,484 100 1,587 100 c: N May 800 20 900 24 794 25 900 25 848 24 to Chlorophyta u, Chrysophyta 2,532 65 2,386 62 2,040 65 2,308 64 2,316 64 @[ C) Cyanophyta 10 <1 24 1 16 <1 2 <1 13 <1 gQ Cryptophyta 176 4 166 4 116 4 168 5 156 4 o r3 H Microflagellates 352 9 340 9 152 5 216 6 265 7 n 6 <1 2 <1 2 <1 7 <1 O Other Groups 18 <1 Total 3,888 99 3,822 100 3,120 100 3,596 100 3,606 100 $ Nk NK June O Chlorophyta 3,085 50 2,785 49 3,230 52 3,775 59 3,218 53 29 "3 Chrysophyta 1,780 29 1,780 31 1,845 30 1,615 25 1,755 Cyanophyta 55 1 40 1 0 0 10 <1 26 <1 Cryptophyta 440 7 395 7 460 7 460 7 439 7
.Microflagellates 790 13 665 12 620 10 555 9 658 11 Other Groups 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total , 6,150 100 5,665 100 6,155 100 6,415 100 6,096 100
TABIE V-6 (Continued) @ Sampling Transect h H No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x 0 Group 8/ml t 8/mi t 1/ml s N/ml t 8/ml t July Chlorophyta 9,240 64 11,540 74 10,975 70 9,290 70 10,261 70 Chrysophyta 3,740 26 2,650 17 3,610 23 2,960 22 3,240 22 Cyanophyta 220 2 350 2 260 2 50 <1 220 2 Cryptophyta 360 2 240 2 130 1 190 1 230 2 [ Microflagellates 890 6 710 4 760 5 670 5 758 5 -J Other Groups 50 <1 0 0 50 <1 80 1 45 <1 a Total 14,500 100 15,490 99 15,785 101 13,240 100 14,754 101 8 August Chlorophyta 4,700 63 3,860 62 5,130 70 4,300 67 4,518 66 @ Chrysophyta 1,730 23 1,550 25 1,490 20 1,270 20 1,510 22 to y Cyanophyta 290 4 130 2 40 <1 80 1 135 2 oN Cryptophyta 160 2 210 3 100 1 220 3 172 2 8 8@ Microflagellates 590 8 470 8 530 1 540 8 532 O e-3 Other Groups 20 <1 50 1 10 <1 0 0 20 <1 "n Total 7,490 100 6,270 101 7,300 99 6,490 99 6,888 100 y
*o September $
Chlorophyta 2,890 42 2,610 35 2,300 38 2,540 37 2,585 38 @ Chrysophyta 1,150 17 1,630 22 1,430 24 1,700 25 1,478 22 :o Cyanophyta 1,580 23 2,130 29 1,110 18 1,540 23 1,590 24 Cryptophyta 290 4 200 3 340 6 300 4 282 4 Microflagellates 900 13 810 11 780 13 710 10 800 12 Other Groups 0 0 50 1 20 <1 30 <1 25 1 Total 6,810 99 7,430 101 5,900 100 6,820 100 6,760 100
TABLS V-6 (Continued) $ n
>3 H
Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 28 No. 3 E O 5/ml % 5/ml 4 Group 5/ml % 5/ml % #/ml % 4 October 24 222 23 285 29 135 16 175 28 204 Chlorophyta 482 50 490 50 540 63 305 48 454 53 Chrysophyta 33 4 m 42 4 38 4 25 3 28 4 Cyanophyta j 2 12 1 10 1 10 2 12 1 j Cryptophyta 15 153 18 o 192 20 158 16 148 17 115 18 Microflagellates 2 <1 7 1 0 0 2 <1 3 <1 ' U E! other Groups Total 955 100 990 101 858 100 635 100 860 100 h E:$~j November 535 30 470 29 360 24 318 24 421 27 Q p, Chlorophyta OH 688 39 718 44 785 51 610 46 700 45
$ Chrysophyta Cyanophyta 35 2 35 2 25 2 28 2 31 2 o$
45 3 50 3 60 4 60 5 54 3 $ "3 Cryptophyta OO 445 25 362 22 290 19 292 22 347 22 Microflagellates 4 Other Groups 10 1 5 <1 6 <1 2 <1 6 <1 flO 1,758 100 1,640 100 1,526 100 1,310 99 1,558 99 Total h December o 363 29 344 26 150 21 238 24 274 26 $ Chlorophyta 542 43 566 42 382 54 501 50 498 46 Chrysophyta 178 14 233 18 19 3 99 10 132 12 Cyanophyta 26 2 35 3 24 3 25 2 28 3 Cryptophyta Microflagellates 146 12 146 11 130 18 126 13 137 13 5 <1 6 <1 6 1 7 1 6 1 Other Groups 1,260 100 1,330 100 711 100 996 100 1,074 101 Total J
, , SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l
I l 12 - Chlorocnyto Chrysoonyto
--- Cyonoonyto
-- Cryptophyto / Microflagellates
~
l 7 o x a: 9-w w
- d a
~
s M d w S. 6-U a 2 w Q . 2 0 9
=
N 3- O o /s\
> / g
> / g
- As / s Q- / / \
/ \/ s
- / k
/ .... .... .Y \
N
/
/ .T. . ,
^'
n =. -- s'- .Y _ _ _ . ;: l JAN l FES l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l CCT l NOV l OEC l 1979 FIGURE V-3 SEASONAL DENSITY PATTERNS OF CHLOROPHYTA, CHRYSOPHYTA, CYANOPHYTA AND CRYPTOPHYTA/MICROFLAGELLATE DENSITIES WHICH COMPRISED PHYTOPLANKTON NEAR BVPS, 1979. 53
~
16 - - 24 (n M O H 14 - - 21 H
- : Topol Phyloplankton 9 a---. Chlorophyll o E <
g 12 - - 18 W x - 10 - - 15 $ 3 g d 3
~
?\ o O a /s a p*C 2 8- f
's - 12 9 *h c S / 's E C$
-j -
t t . os h ea M w i s ., o 6- ,. ,/ g ,. -9 J hp M
/
/ N
./ '.
s g [ 2 OH Z /
\ o H w 4- /
\
-6 a on o /
/ z po
\ o ts +r
-- / \ Q 2- /
/ %
-3 kb yQ
/
f g,' n* O
# W
,- e
= ' l' -
l JAN l FEB l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l OEC l 1979 FIGURE V-4 SEASONAL PATTERNS OF PilYTOPLANKTON DENSITY AND CilLOROPIIYLL a_ CONCENTRATIONS IN Tile 01110 RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979.
j
'SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNURL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Green algae assumed dominance during the summer and accounted for 53, 70 and 66% of the phytoplankton during June. July and August, respectively. Green algae reached its peak in July (10,261 cells /ml). Phytoplankton density also reached its peak in July with an overall mean of 14,754 cells /ml.
Major species of green algae included Scenedesmus bicellularis, S. cuadricauda, Dictyosphaerium pulchellum, Chlamvdomonas globosa and unidentified coccoids. Diatoms were the second most abundant group and accounted for 22% of the phytoplankton. The most common diatoms were Melosira ambigua, M. granulata and "Small Centries". Blue-green algal (Cyanophyta) density increased in September and composed 24% of the total. Abundant blue-green algae were Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Schizothrix calcicola. Phytoplankton density decreased sharply to an overall mean of 860 cells /ml in October. Densities increased slightly in November and decreased again in December. The fall community was numerically dominated by diatoms Asterionella formosa, Navicula cryntocephala and "Small Centrics". Green algae represented the second most abundant group. The major ( green algal taxa were Scenedesmus bicellularis and unidentified l coccoids. Blue-green algae were a minor component in I October and November but composed 12% of the phytoplankton in December. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Coelosphaerium naegelianum and Schizothrix calcicola were the common blue-greens. Comparison of Control and Non-control Transects Analysis of control and non-control transects emphasizes the comparison of data collected upstream of the plant (Transect
- 1) to data collected in the back channel of Phillis Island (Transect 23), which is immediately downstream of the BVPS discharge structure. Analyses were performed to determine if reporting limits / criteria were exceeded (See Secuion III). Only three instances occurred when specific group and total densities exceeded variations identified during preoperation years. In all instances, no evidence of ecological harm was noted and all instances were related to natural variability, i Results of chlorophyll a analysis and diversity indices calculations further suEstantiate the conclusion that little difference existed upstream and downstream of the plant j (Tables V-7 and V-8).
35
TABLE V-7 u) M o CilLOROPilYLL a_ AND PilEOPilYTIN CONCEllTRATIONS (ug/l) IN Tile Q NEW CUMBERLAtID POOL OF TIIE 01110 RIVER, 1979 O BVPS < Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x Depth I ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft I ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft v W y January 23 to 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.0 gO E Chlorophyll a_ 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.3 Pheophytin 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.1 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Gc CM February 14 hM M u, Chlorophyll a_ <0.3 - (a) <0.3 -
<0.3 -
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3 40.3 Q[
po
- Pheophytin <0.3 -
<0.3 -
<0.3 - - -
03: Od May 17 O Chlorophyll a, 9.4 9.8 8.6 9.2 9.2 8.6 8.1 8.0 8.8 8.9 @ Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <0,5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 g m O June 7 k Chlorophyll a_ 6.4 7.0 7.2 7.4 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.1 6.9 7.1 Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0 5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 July 18 Chlorophyll a, 17.9 13.5 13.1 14.8 12.7 14.4 11.5 14.7 13.8 14.4 Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <1.4 <0.5 <0.6 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.8 <0.5 (a)No samples collected
TABLE V-7 (Continued) m M O Sampling Transect N No. I No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x @ Depth I ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft I ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft
<: 1 August 9 ,
Chlorophyll a 10.3 7.2 8.6 6.2 5.6 9.2 0.0 5.6 8.1 7.1 Pheophytin <2.2 6.6 5.8 0.6 8.2 <2.4 5.8 5.9 <5.5 <5.9 [ 4 September 21 t; C O Chlorophyll a- 7.6 10.2 10.0 9.4 9.9 9.5 13.8 9.0 10.3 9.5 ~c Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 U$ N '4 M November 14 M OM Ui OH
" Chlorophyll a, 1.6 2.4 3.4 .0 1.8 6.0 2.6 2.7 2.4 3.3 $@
O8 Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 H gOC# December 6 gh Chlorophyll a_ 2.6 4.6 2.0 2.0 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.7 $ Pheophytin <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 y 30 8 o
TABLE V-8 cn t4 PilYTOPLANKTOti DIVERSITY INDICES OF 01110 RIVER SAMPLES COLLECTED O PROM JANUARY 23 TO DECEMBER 6, 1979. INDICES ARE MEAT 1S OF y DUPLICATE SURFACE AND BOTTOM SAMPLES 2 BVPS <: Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft J_5 ft g w a January 23 n gc No. of Species 17 20 16 17 18 17 17 16 17 18 i2 c Shnnnon Index 3.35 3.66 3.43 3.49 3.52 3.38 3.53 3.47 3.46 3.52 C$ Ever. ness 0.82 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.86 0.84 0.85 g Richness 2.86 3.38 2.89 2.96 .c,98 2.96 2.97 2.76 2.92 3.02 to W oN
- February 14 yQ No. of Species 18 -
16 - 16 - 16 15 16 15 n 3.30 3.32 3.25 3.33 3.38 O Shannon Index 3.45 - - - 3.38 Evenness 0.82 - 0.82 - 0.84 - 0.02 0.86 0.82 0.83 k Richness 2.86 - 2.68 - 2.56 - 2.54 2.42 2.66 2.61 $ O March 22 N 8 No. of Species 23 20 20 22 14 19 20 19 18 20 Shannon Index 3.92 3.73 3.06 3.92 3.34 3.00 3.96 3.78 3.77 3.81 Evenness 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.87 0.06 0.89 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.88 Richness 3.62 3.31 3.44 3.70 2.61 3.42 3.40 3.31 3.27 3.44 April 19 No. of Species 40 42 44 35 28 30 30 34 36 35 Shannon Index 3.41 3.37 3.61 3.19 2.94 3.06 3.05 3.19 3.25 3.20 Evennass 0.64 0.62 0.66 0.62 0.61 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.63 0.62 Richnt.ss 5.36 5.38 5.51 4.54 3.94 4.28 3.97 4.52 4.70 4.68 (a)No sanples collected. One replicate collected.
I TABLE V-8 (Continued) un M O Sampling Transect 8 H No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x O 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft Z Date 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft May 17 No. of Species 36 33 42 35 31 32 31 34 35 34 Shannon Tndex 3.82 3.67 3.99 3.86 3.73 3.75 3.68 3.79 3.80 3.77 g Evenness 0.73 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.74 0.74 0.74 3.76 3.69 4.07 4.18 3.97 e Richness 4.32 3.85 4.95 4.14 3.83 o June 7 g N@C 25 28 23 28 27 28 26 cu fg No. of Species 29 30 25 3.91 3.77 M Shannon Index 4.02 3.92 3.76 3.65 3.88 3.64 3.98 3.86 g 0.00 0.81 0.79 0.81 0.80 0.83 0.01 0.82 0.80 O& Evenness 0.83
$ Richness 3.21 3.27 2.75 2.81 3.14 2.50 3.09 2.95 3.05 2.90 0$
O D: O8 H July 18 O O Ho. of Species 35 34 31 36 36 39 31 33 33 36 g Shannon Index 4.20 4.09 4.05 4.20 4.06 4.36 3.98 3.95 4.05 4.15 gg Evenness 0.82 0.00 0.82 0.82 0.79 0.82 0.80 0.78 0.81 0.80 .o Q Richness 3.50 3.44 3.14 3.55 3.55 3.96 3.14 3.40 3.33 3.59 Q 8 August 9 No. of Species 28 28 27 22 26 22 22 20 26 23 Shannon Index 4.04 4.03 4.12 3.82 3.84 3.80 3.71 3.63 3.93 3.82 0.71 0.84 0.87 0.85 0.81 0.85 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.04 Evenness Richness 2.98 2.96 2.94 2.49 2.86 2.37 2.43 2.26 2.91 2.52
TABLE V-8 (Continued) m tu . O Sampling Transect _ .Q No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x o 1 ft 15 ft Z Date 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft I ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft September 21 No. of Species 30 28 28 29 32 26 32 30 30 28 Shannon Index 4.17 4.03 4.09 3.93. 4.24 4.00 4.28 4.20 4.19 4.06 e 0.84 " y' Evenness 0.84 0.83 0.86 0.81 0.84 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.85 3.50 3.35 3.14 u) Richness 3.33 3.12 3.11 3.12 3.57 2.98 3.38 O C October 15 g
>*Q C tn No. of Species 24 30 26 26 27 26 18 21 24 26 h$f 4.15 4.06 4.34 4.16 3.71 3.96 4.00 4.14 tg '8 Shannon Index 4.39
~
3.78 Evenness 0.82 0.90 0.89 0.86 0.91 0.08 0.90 0.90 0.88 0.88 O t* O c d Richness 3.40 4.26 3.53 3.64 3.85 3.79 2.63 3.09 3.35 3.70 n$' O D: O6 H November 14 O O No. of Species 27 28 28 26 24 32 28 24 27 28 % Shannon Index 3.53 3.56 3.85 3.58 3.52 4.04 3.64 3.67 3.64 3.71 gg Evenness 0.74 0.74 0.00 0.77 0.77 0.81 0.75 0.80 0.76 0.78 eo 4 Richness 3.50 3.66 3.67 3.36 3.04 4.27 3.81 3.29 3.50 3.64 @ H December 6 No. of Species 42 40 40 40 34 29 40 34 39 36 Shannon Index 4.51 4.34 4.39 4.56 4.06 430 4.41 4.16 4.34 4.29 Evenness 0.84 0.82 0.83 0.86 0. 8() , Iggi 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.64 Richness 5.76 5.32 5.30 5.50 4.99 .i.1/ . 5p 4.88 5.38 5.00 e$)
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Comparison of Preoperation and Ocerational Data The seasonal succession of phytoplankton varied from year to year, but overall the phytoplankton has remained fairly consistant. Phytoplankton communities in lotic environments respond quickly to changes in water temperature, turbidity, nutrients, changing velocity and turbulence (Hynes 1970). The phytoplankton of the Ohio River near BVPS generally exhibited a bimodal pattern (Figure V-5) . During the per-operational year 1974, total densities peaked in August and November, while in operational years (76-78) peak densities occurred in early su=mer (June) and late summer (August or September). During 1979 the peak densities occurred in July and it appears that phytoplankton exhibited a unimodal-pattern Origure V-5), but most likely the second peak was missed because of sampling only once a month. In general the phytoplankton in 1979 was similar to preoperational and other operational phytoplankton communities. No major change in community structure was observed during 1979. Slight variations in the phytoplankton community between 1979 and previous years were natural fluctuations, and were not a result of BVPS operations. Yearly mean Shannon diversity indices from 1974 to 1979 were similar. They ranged from 3.64 in 1977 to 4.36 in 1975 (Table V-9). Evenness values were also similar, except during 1973 and 1974 when values were lower. From 1975 to 1979 Evenness ranged from 0.73 to 0.83. The greatest possible Evenness diversity value is 1 and would occur when all individuals are evenly distributed among the species. The number of taxa each year ranged from a low of 19 in 1973 to a high of 40 in 1975, both preoperational years. Operational years L1976-1979 ) ranged between 27 and 39 taxa and fell within the range of preoperational years. Summarv and Conclusions The phytoplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS exhibited a seasonal pattern similar to that observed in other years and a pattern common to temperate, lotic environ-ments. Spatial variations in densities and species com-position among the sampling transects upstream and down-stream of the plant remained within an acceptable ecological range. Slight variations in the phytoplankton between 1979 and previous years were related to natural fluctuations. Results of sampling during 1979 gave no evidence to indicate that BVPS Unit 1 operation adversely affected the Chic River phytoplankton. l 61
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 32 - d a l\ C. 1979 l1 x 2s - 1978 /k
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. . 'SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY ~
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, . SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY l 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT
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ZOOPLANKTON Objective Plankton sampling shall be conducted to determine the con-dition of both the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities of the Ohio River in the vicinity of the BVPS Unit 1 and to assess possible environmental impact to the plankton. Methods Zooplankton samples were one liter aliquots which were taken from the Lugol samples previously described for phytoplankton. One liter samples were filtered through a 35 micron (.035 mm) mesh screen. The portion retained was washed into a graduated cylinder and allowed to settle for a minimum of 24 hr. The supernatent was drawn off to 10 ml. One milliter of this thoroughly mixed 10 ml concentrate was placed in a Sedgwick-Rafter cell and examined at 100X magnifications. All zoo-plankters within the cell were identified to the lowest practicable taxon and enumerated. Mean densities (indi-viduals/1), Shannon and Evenness diversity indices (Pielou l 1969), and Richness index (Dahlberg and Odum 1970) were j calculated based upon two replicate surface and two replicate bottom samples. Seasonal Distribution The zooplankton community of a river system is primarily composed of protozoans and rotifers (Hynes 1970, Winner 1975). The zooplankton community of the Ohio River near BVPS during baseline and operational monitoring years was composed primarily of protozoans and rotifers. During 1979, protozoans and rotifers together accounted for 96% or more of all zooplankton on sampling dates (Table V-10). Total organism densities for a given transect were less than 720/1 during the winter and early spring (January through April). Lowest monthly mean density during 1979 (90/1) occurred in February. Total mean zooplankuon densities (all transects) increased in May (2226/1) and reached the summer maximum in August (4238/1) in response to increased water
' temperatures during the summer. Mean zooplankton densities decreased from aeptember (950/1) to December (550/1) as water temperatures decreased through the fall and early winter.
l l l 64 r- *
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TABLE V-10 g n MONTHLY MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES (Number /l) AND PERCENT $ COMPOSITION FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE (1 FT) AND BOTTOM (15 FT) o SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE 011I0 RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 Sampling Transects _ No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 x f/1 % 5/1 % 5/1 % 8/l % 8/l % H January Protozoa 320 83 350 87 228 89 350 90 312 87 $l 12
- Rotifera 65 17 48 12 27 11 38 10 44 a Crustacea 0 0 2 <1 0 0 0 0 <1 <1 gc Total 385 100 400 100 255 100 388 100 357 100 20 '
>CN MZ February M Protozoa 75 83 65 62 50 50 67 72 64 66 m Rotifera 15 17 40 38 50 50 26 28 33 34 Q ['
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 t* o m Crustacea 0 0 0 0 Total 90 100 205 100 100 100' 93 100 97 100 8$
"n March 205 80 260 84 128 88 160 80 188 82 ho@
Protozoa Rotifera 42 16 50 16 17 12 38 19 .37 16 y@ Crustacea 8 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bR Total 255 99 310 100 145 100 200 100 228 99 $ e April Protozoa 427 68 488 68 185 81 420 74 380 71 Rotifera 197 32 225 31 40 18 140 25 151 28 j Crustacea 1 <1 7 1 2 1 4 1 3 1 Total 625 100 720 100 227 100 564 100 534 100 )
. ~
TABLE V-10 (Continued) $ h H Sampling Transects No. 1 No.2A No. 2B No.3 s @ 9/1 % 5/1 % I/l % 5/1 % f/1 % 4 May 92 1,855 90 2,365 92 1,732 93 2,255 92 2,052 , Protozoa 172 8 Rotifera 190 9 195 7 122 6 182 7
<1 5 <1 11 1 1 <1 2 <1 e.
Crustacea 3 2,048 100 2,565 100 1,865 100 2,438 100 2,226 100 Total o June p@c Protozoa 408 6. 442 82 542 81 445- 66 459 77 d 222 33 135 22 CM 102 20 92 17 125 19 Rotifera Crustacea 2 <1 8 1 3 <1 3 1 4 1 $$M 512 100 542 100 670 100 670 100 598 100 m Total oe 05 July
$l Protozoa 278 11 378 14 372 13 330 13. ~ 340 13 8$
H 85 2,185 84 2,388 84 2,248 84 2,255 84 Rotifera 2,198 Crustacea 100 4 47 2 92 100 3 72 2,650 100 3 78 2,673 100 3 hno@ Total 2,576 99 2,610 100 2,852 NN mR August Protozoa 758 19 782 17 580 14 728 16 712 17 @ 3,645 82 3,482 82 H Rotifera 3,115 79 3,720 82 3,450 84 52 2 28 1 55 1 40 1 44 1 Crustacea 100 3,925 100 4,530 100 4,085 99 4,413 100 4,238 . Total
I - us \ l TABLE V-10 (Continued) $- d o
- Z Sampling Transects
( No. 2B No. 3 x < No. 1 No. 2A l l 8/l % 5/1 % f/1 % 4/1 % 8/l % l September 609 64 e 590 65 640 62 535 65 670 64
- Protozoa 324 34 Rotifera 285 32 380 37 280 34 350 34 17 2
- Crustacea 25 3 10 1 10 1 25 2 Total 900 100 1,030 100 825 100 1,045 100 950 100 gE 20 CM October Protozoa .52 81 295 87 305 92 350 93 326 88 $$M 80 18 42 12 20 6 25 7 42 11 n Rotifera 2 1 n&
3 1 1 <1 5 2 0 0 Crustacea 370 100 Oa 435 100 338 100 330 100 375 100 C Total 85 H November 83 454 84 Protozoa 380 84 508 84 458 85 470 ho@ 70 15 100 16 78 15 95 17 86 16 Rotifera 2 <1 Eg 5 1 0 0 2 <1 0 0 Crustacea 100 MR Total 455 100 608 100 538 100 565 100 542 O G December 328 60 Protozoa 438 63 328 53 265 68 280 56 255 36 280 45 125 32 218 44 220 40 Rotifera 5 1 5 1 0 0 0 0 2 <1 Crustacea 698 100 615 99 390 100 498 100 550 100 Total l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT The seasonal pattern of zooplankton densities observed in the Ohio River near BVPS is typical of temperate climates (Hutchinson 1967). Zooplankton densities in winter are low primarily due to low water temperatures and limited food availability CWinner 1975) . In the spring food availability and water temperatures increase which stimulate growth and reproduction. Zooplankton populations decrease during the fall and winter from the summer maximum because optimum con-ditions for growth and reproduction decrease during Jall and winter. Protozoan densities during 1979 were lowest in February and March (mean 64-188/1) and developed a maximum in May (mean 2052/l). Protozoan populations also exhibited a small secondary peak in August (mean 712/1). Mean protozoan densities ranged from 326 to 454/1 during the fall and early winter (October, November and December) when mild air temperatures'were noted. Protozoa was the predominant zooplankton group from January through June and September through December and ranked second in abundance during July and August. Vorticella, the most abundant protozoan in 1979, doma ated the protozoan assemblage in all months l except July, August and October. Most abundant protozoans in these months were Acanthocystis and Tintinnidium fluviatile (July), Difflucia acuminata (August), and Codonella cratera (October). The Rotifera assemblage in 1979 (Figure V-6) displayed a typical seasonal pattern of rotifer populations in temperate inland waters (Hutchinson 1967). Rotifer densities increased from a minimum of 33/1 (mean) in February to a maximum of 3482/1 in August (Table V-10). From September through November the rotifer populations declined and then increased slighly in December. Rotifera was the dominant group in July and August and ranked second in abundance in the remaining ten months. Rotifers comprised 8% of the zooplankton community during the protozoan maximum in May and developed a dominance of 84 to 82% in July an* August, respectively. 4 Keratella cochlearis was the dominant rotifer during the maximum in July and August. It was also common during the spring and fall months. Polyarthra dolichoptera was a common or abundant species of the rotifer assemblage during most months. Trichocerca pusilla and Brachionus spp. were common during rotifer abundance in July and August. l l I I 68 l
SECTION V DUQUESBTE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 A1EUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 3000- ,
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O -- l JAN l FEB l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l DEC l 1979 FIGURL V- 6 MEAN ZOOPLANKTON GROUP DENSITIES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE (1 f t) AND BOTTOM (15 ft) SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 69
, SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Crustacean densities during 1979 reached their peak in July j (Figure V-61. Densities increased from a minimum of 0/1 in l February to a maximum of 78/l in July. Crustacean densities never exceeded protozoan or rotifer densities and constituted 0 to 4% of the total zooplankton density of all transects.
Copepod nauplii were the most numerous crustaceans during 1979. Other crustacean taxa occasionally present in low numbers wara cyclopod copepodites, Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi and Bosmina longirostris. Mean diversity indices displayed no specific annual pattern in 1979 (Table V-ll) . Shannon diversity indices during 1979 t were lowest L2.27 to 2.75) in January, February, May and July, whereas the highest indices (3.33-3.52) occurred in April and September. Evenness ranged from 0.57 in May to 0.97 in February. Richness varied from 1.04 in February to a maximum of 2.52 in September. The mean number of species ranged from 6 in February to 22 in August. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Zooplankton species composition at Transect 1 (control) was similar to that at Transect 2B (non-control) located 0.5 mi (0.8 km) downstream of BVPS discharge structure. In fact, . species composition was similar among all sampling transects. Zooplankton densities were lower at Transect 2B in seven of the 12 months but differences were not ecologitilly important. The greatest difference occurred in April when Transect 1 total density was 2.8 times higher than Transect 2B (Table V-10). Generally, differences were less than 1.8 times. This difference was probably related to a sand / mud bar which tends to restrict river flow into the back channel. Reduced river flow into the back channel could contribute to fewer zooplankton in this channel because of organisms settling. In addition, barge traffic in the main channel tends to keep zooplankton suspended, which contributes to higher zoo-plankton densities at the main channel transects (1, 2A and
- 3) . Diversity indices were similar between Transect 1 and Transact 2B on each date in 1979 (Table V-12).
Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Population dynamics of the zooplankton community during the seasons were similar between preoperational and operational years (Figure V-7). Total zooplankton densities were lowest in winter, usually greatest in summer and transitional in spring and autumn. Total densities of zooplankton in 1979 were sbnilar to those of preoperational years (1973-1975), l 70 j
TABLE V-ll m to MONTIILY MEAN DIVERSITY INDICES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE (1 ft) AND BOTTOM (15 f t) ZOOPLANKTON SAMPLES COLLECTED IN Tile OllIO RIVER NEAR BVPS, 1979 o e Z Sampling Transect _ No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 X Date 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 ft I ft 10 f t 1 ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft Pd January 23, e 10 11
- No. of Species 13 12 9 11 8 11 10 11 g Shannon Index 2.68 2.82 2.20 2.49 1.99 2.81 2.22 2.88 2.27 2.75 y Evenness 0.72 0.79 0.69 0.72 0.67 0.81 0.68 0.83 0.69 0.79 Mg d
Richness 1.99 1.88 1.33 1.69 1.21 1.77 1.38 1.74 1.48 1.77 M h February 14 tu OM y No. of Species 6 -(a) 5 - 6 - 6 7(b) 6 7 Oy p Shannon Index 2.46 - 2.21 - 2.40 - 2.16 2.72 2.32 2.72 o ut Evenness 0.95 - 0.95 - 0.92 - 0.88 0.97 0.92 0.97 Od Richness 1.11 - 0.87 - 1.19 - 0.99 1.33 1.04 1.33 Q k March 22 g No. of Species 12 12 14 14 8 8 6 8 10 10 N Shannon Index 3.05 3.27 3.36 3.39 2.95 2.63 3.25 2.50 3.15 2.95 O 0.86 0.91 0.89 8 Evenness 0.86 0.92 0.89 0.90 0.96 0.87 0.93 Richness 1.88 2.09 2.24 2.13 1.54 1.41 1.96 1.23 1.90 1.71 April 19 No. of Species 16 18 18 16 13 10 18 18 16 16 Shannon Index 3.47 3.38 3.54 3.40 3.48 2.94 3.62 3.60 3.52 3.33 Evenness 0.89 0.82 0.86 0.84 0.94 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.88 0.84 Rict' ness 2.31 2.50 2.43 2.40 2.19 1.78 2.70 2.67 2.40 2.33
" No samples collected.
DI one replicate collected.
TABLE V-ll (Continued) M O
+4 H-Sampling Transect No. 1 No. 2A No. 2B No. 3 X k Date 1 ft 15 ft I ft 15 ft ,1 ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 f t 4 May 17 No. of Species 22 19 16 18 15 16 18 14 18 17 Shannon Index 2.50 2.71 2.48 2.32 2.12 2.24 2.42 2.05 2.38 2.33 Evenness 0.57 0.64 0.61 0.55 0.54 0.58 0.58 0.55 0.57 0.58 $
Richness 2.65 2.40 1.96 2.26 1.85 1.97 2.14 1.58 '.15 2.05 j O June 7 Nh C 10 13 14 14 14 13 16 M No. of Species 12 16 13 Shannon Index 2.93 3.25 2.94 3.17 3.06 2.79 2.91 3.14 2.96 3.09 b 2: M Evenness 0.83 0.81 0.79 0.76 0.03 0.73 0.78 0.83 0.81 0.78 m q Richness 1.80 2.31 1.98 2.54 1.90 1.92 2.02 2.05 1.90 2.23 g[ to t* O O D: July 18_ og H No. of Species 17 18 16 20 16 18 14 16 16 18 QO Shannon Index 2.32 2.38 2.50 2.70 2.22 2.48 2.26 2.51 2.32 2.52 E.O Evenness 0.57 0.58 0.62 0.62 0.56 0.60 0.59 0.63 0.58 0.61 Richness 2.05 2.09 1.96 2.43 1,82 2.07 1.72 1.89 1.89 2.12 O August 8 y No. of Species 20 21 22 21 24 23 20 21 22 22 Shannon Index 3.16 3.18 3.14 3.16 3.45 3.46 3.40 3.38 3.29 3.30 Evenness 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.75 0.76 0.79 0.77 0.75 0.74 Richness 2.24 2.41 2.43 2.44 2.80 2.61 2.28 2.36 2.44 2.46 r September 21 No. of Species 19 16 18 18 14 17 21 22 18 18 Shannon Index 3.51 3.21 3.44 3.27 3.05 3.21 3.52 3.69 3.38 3.34 I Evenness 0.82 0.79 0.82 0.79 0.80 0.78 0.80 0.83 0.01 0.80 Richness 2.62 .2.30 2.51 2.39 2,07 2.33 2.87 3.04 2.52 2.52 l
TABLE V.-ll (Continued) un p1 n H H Sampling Transect __ o No. 1 No. 2A Ho. 2B No. 3 X Z Date 1 ft 15 ft 1 ft 15 f t 1ft 10 ft 1 ft 15 f t 1 ft 15 ft < October 15
~
No. of Species 13 14 12 13 10 9 13 12 12 12 Shannon Index 3.00 3.24 3.05 3.26 2.63 2.54 3.32 2.85 3.00 2.97 g Evenness 0.81 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.78 0.80 0.90 0.80 0.84 0.83 e Richness 1.92 2.21 1.85 2.02 1.61 1.41 2.08 1.81 1.86 1.86 d t2 C November 14 O C tb. of Species 13 16 14 14 10 20 18 12 14 16 C$ Shannon Index 2.75 3.06 2.81 2.41 2.40 3.55 3.01 2.69 2.74 2.93 g Evenness 0.74 0.75 0.74 0.63 0.72 0.82 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.74 os Richness 1.99 2.50 2.02 1.98 1.52 2.90 2.60 1.74 2.03 2.28 O[ d b"e e December 6 H No. of Species 14 20 13 15 10 14 12 14 12 16 Q Shannon Index 3.38 3.41 3.09 3.29 2.54 3.09 2.95 3.06 2.99 3.21 g Evenness 0.89 0.79 0.84 0.85 0.78 0.82 0.84 0.80 0.84 0.82 Richness 2.06 2.75 1.85 2.19 1.51 2.02 1.68 2.19 1.78 2.29 O b
M M H O TApaz v-12 E Mt: Ass TOTAL zonFIANetTON 142iSIff t3* (Number /l) FOR TJUWSECT 1 lOGNTROt, TIUWS{} 4 AND TRANSLCf 28 (N(84-CONTHOf.) FLUMING PREOP 6atATIONAL AND (d'0RATIOraAL VEARS BVPS Opesatlonal_ Years Preonerational years 1978 1979 1976 5977 1975 2e 1 2a _ 1973 1974 2n 1 2e !_ 2a 1 2n 3 to 2s _ 1 I 24 365 255 4 195 105 22 40 460 240 January 77 47 lean O 388 35 21 90 345 2 55 398 O 70 44 46 27 retartear y 30 15 255 145 375 330 325 241 85 eta r r:li 92 478 225 24 24 625 227 hM PZ 74 15,163 !! 990
'124 37 150 g April 377 352 2,048 1,a65 2,275 2,590 4,890 5,450 OU 100 92 351 160 O**
q May 512 670 6,6'A 5,500 3,453 4,620 2,01a 1,568 t-S O b 0 539 610 June 647 2,e%2 g 1,140 1,205 3.525 1,412 2,576 3,288 3,190 H 3,794 July 896 925 6,085 805 3,925 4,085 OO 3,605 1,628 1,375 700 O Augiest 1,127 1,768 3,994 3, %0 4,243 4,255 3,575 2.860 3,303 4,065 3.093 1,660 3.620 930 990 900 025 (h 1,397 1,060 Septemfer 470 435 130 465 610 505 335 'U M 1,695 533 427 392 3,597 3,%5 1,56a O Octoler 331 272 455 532 400 510 775 513 785 635 2,600 2,308 Nm ent.cr 229 698 390 578 36a 65 37 645 490 583 193 67 265 185 tecemfer bined.
- Means teere calculated tused tagon duplicate surf ace anl atupilcate lettosa samples cam b Blasiks represent gieriods teleen sto collections meere awiste.
. SECTION V DUGUESNE LIGET COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAT., REPORT 4 /\
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- : 1979 l JAN l FES l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l N FIGURE V-7 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITES FOR DUPLICATE SURFACE (1 ft)
AND BOTTOM (12-15 ft) SAMPLES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS IN PREOPERATIONAL (1974) AND OPERATIONAL YEARS (1976-1979). 75
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I l l although 1979 month.ly total zooplankton densities were occas-sionally greater than those of other operational years (Table V-13). However, these differences seldom exceeded an order of magnitude. This year-to-year variation of total organism density is normal for lotic zooplankton communities (Hutchinson 1967). The species composition of the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable during preoperational and operational years. The common or abundant protozoans during the past seven years have been Vorticella, Codonella, Dif flugia, Strombildium, Cyclotrichium, Strobilidium, Arcella and Centropyxis. The most numerous and frequently occurring rotifers have been
- Keratella, Polyarthra, Synchaeta, Brachionus and Trichocerca.
Copepod nauplii have been the only Crustacea taxa found consistently. comparisons between zooplankton densities at Transect 1 and Transact 2B during preoperational and operational years failed to isolate any consistent difference attributable to BVPS operation (Table V-12). Total zooplankton densities vare not consistently greater at either transect during the past seven years. Differences greater than 50% were few and scattered among the months of different years. Community structure, as described by diversity indices, was similar in all years (Table V-14). In 1979, as in previous years, low diversity indices and number of species occurred in winter and high diversities and number of species.usually occurred in late spring and summer. Shannon' diversity indices in 1979 ranged from 2.36 to 3.42 and were consistent with the range of 1.80 to 3.28 that occurred during pre-operation years 1973 to 1975. Variation in evenness during 1979 (0.58 to 0.93) was slightly greater than previously reported from 1973 to 1978 (0.21 to 0.87). The trend toward
, greater evenness values during 1977, 1978, and 1979 may indicate a trend toward a more balanced. zooplankton com-munity in the Ohio River.
! Summary and Conclusions
\
Zooplankton densities throughout 1979 were typical of a l temperate zooplankton community found in river habitats. l Total densities were similar to those reported in previous l years with protozoans and rotifers always predominating. The common and abundant taxa in 1979 were similar to those reported during preoperational and other operational l 76 l
O e (A til H O TAbt,1: V-13 2 4 NEAtt ZOOPl.AftKTOli DENSITIES (Husalier/l) IlY HOtlTil l'luMI 1973 70 1979 Oct. Ilov . Dec. Jan. L'ob . Mar. _Apr. $_ Jun. Jul. 33 Sch Total Zoogil ank t on 425 180 87 e
-* 90 154 588 945 1,341 -
WD
~19 H 50 -
3,740 1,128 4,321 - - 4 56 96 118 2829 625 4,487 623 1974 18 - - 4,426 3,621 1,591 2,491
- 1975 - - - - -
3,296 3,521 Sie 446 577 g 10,948 2,516 5,711 3,344 1976 321 147 311 396 147 264 393 5,153 4,128 1,143 1,503 3,601 553 435 934 297 486 60 g0 9 cl 1977 800 1,003 1970 31 30 20 534 35 403 2,226 1,861 599 1,526 2,672 4,238 950 370 542 550 g 357 96 228 1979 htg 346 135 58 M l'rotozoa 63 02 180 56 331 - l'8
~~19 M- 45 -
4,195 - hgU 409 1,690 116 1,006 50 42 72 91 130 1,141 2,239 452 1974 835 3,795 M 1975 - - - - - - - 1,676 808 425 396 492 po q 1976 278 274 305 10,774 1,698 6 1,903 2,529 401 825 344 O ll) 312 4,509 2,048 808 947 OO ' 1977 135 365 236 315 256 222 227 26 27 332 1,360 407 1978 18 14 14 712 609 326 454 320 g , 300 2,052 459 .140 1979 312 64 188 O hM N Itot t f ora
~~l 41 1~~ - 5 -
22 25 24 64 155 388 213 859 2,783 1,001 2,939 115 75 120 43 27
- yy -
1974 26 12 - - 3,339 313 444 250 164 Id 64 1975 - - - - - 1,597 2,643 89 48 70 (3 48 36 38 169 808 4,864 1,398 108 136 $8 1976 76 631 1,984 328 539 1,022 147 d 1977 12 31 26 67 47 22 48 14 16 24 72 61 1970 29 33 15 3,482 324 42 86 220 37 151 172 135 2,255 1979 44 33 Crustacea 3 2 2
- 1 3 12 29 9 -
1971 - 1 14 85 7 6 - - 3 3 6 3 6 1974 2 2
- - - - 51 12 6 3 1975 - - -
23 69 3 2 8 5 4 10 til 43 1976 2 1 17 50 5 1 6 2 5 13 96 7 5 1977 - - 12 27 75 9 5 6 3 2 6 48 2 1970 4 44 17 2 2 3 2 4 78 1979 <1 0 3
*tio sampleil collected
e-
' lib M
O G H TADLE V-14 O M ncAn suwlausume olvraSliv 1901ces av eumi ruon 4 19731u 1979 IN wit: Oillo REVER Nr.AR llVPS Jari Fels nar _Apr Pg Jun Jul Au9 Sep (k- t Nov _ yc_ 21.26 25.07 21.96 22.86 ff. 33 14.40 14.30 mr of Specten a 0.44 15.29 P 2.25 2.20 2.21 2.31 3.10 Stiamwan t sulen 1.H0 3.06 3.00 2.79 0.61 0.46 0.39 0.36 0.37 0.44 Evesusens 0.37 0.61 0.58 W O 1974 Eneier of Species 14.64 9.18 14.92 17.75 23.25 15.56 21.14 18.89 9.56 14.47 fC 2.91 1.25 2.32 3.28 2.24 2.15 1.84 f Shannon Esulen 3.18 2.53 3.06 gg 0.62 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.55 0.41 0.60 0.41 0.42 0.30 Evenness (11 Z 1Jis 17.44 15.18 M
# 24.75 10.75 14.38 g Heuntwar os Species 1.06 2.90 2.01 3.20 gp 3.20 Sh.nemon lewina 0.44 0.77 0.49 0.82 OH 0.69 4 Eveenness MQ
" OM 1976 23.56 31.19 8.75 11.75 g 17.56 19.19 23.56 28.06 23.50 Ui2 mr of Species 7.00 9.13 8.69 3.63 2.76 2.73 1.60 2.64 O 2.64 2.24 0.89 3.06 2.33 1.36 Siwinseon Ismien 1,67 0.51 0.70 0.80 0.61 0.79 0.51 0.75 O Evenness 0.60 0.84 0.7) 0.21 0.72 h er of Species 4.00 10.00 12.00 13.11 21.00 25.62 22.no 25.50 36.75 16.00 20.31 15.31 3.42 hN Mk 2.90 3.15 3.45 3.32 3.60 3.71 3.35 3.42 shans m lemlem 1.53 2.59 3.05 0.06 O 0.79 0.87 0.81 0.72 0.74 0.73 0.77 0.71 0.02 0.79 N
Evenemas 0.78
*-3 193 9 6.25 10.25 11.25 12.50 0.25 10.no 10.38 Numtmr of Species 0.12 7.12 4.31 5.12 7.62 1.53 1.33 2.50 2.44 ?.53 2.20 2.15 2.00 Shannon Isalen 2.48 2.4I 1.53 1.10 0.62 0.C3 0.50 0.76 0.70 0.70 0.73 Evenness 0.03 0.85 0.74 0.71 0.52 1979 12.00 14.62 14.00 10,62 6.00 10.25 25.00 17.25 34.25 16.80 21.50 18.12 thanilmer of Sleecles 3.02 2.42 3.30 3.36 2.99 2.84 3.10 shannon Erden 2.51 2.52 3.05 3.42 2.36 0.90 0.06 0.58 0.00 0.60 0.74 0.00 0.04 0.74 0.83 Evenness 0.74 0.93
' Olanks represent periods when no collections were made.
I' Value cannot be wes t flal
, , SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT years. Shannon diversity, number of species and evenness values were within the ranges or slightly greater than those of preceeding years. The total densities and diversity values of the control (Transect 1) and non-control (Transect 2B) were not consistently different in 1979. Based on the data collected during the four operating years (1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979) and the three preoperating years (1973, 1974 and 1975), it is concluded that the abundance and species composition of the zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS has remained stable and possibly improved slightly over the seven year period fram 1973 to 1979. No evidence of appreciable harm to the river scoplankton from BVPS Unit 1 operation was found.
O i I 79
,w-
. . SECTION VJ DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT i
i Fish (ETS Reference 3.1.3.5) Objective To detect changes which might occur to fish populations in the Ohio River near the BVPS site. Methods j u i Adult fish surveys were performed once per month, from May i through September, and in November during 1979. During each survey, fish samples were collected at the three study areas transects (ligure V-1), using gill nets, electrofishing gear, trawls, and aeines. Gill nets, consisting of five, 25 ft panels of 1.0, 2.0, l 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 inch square mesh were used. Two nets were positioned perpendicular to shore, and with the small mesh inshore, at each transect. As transect 2 consists of the main river channel (2A) and the back channel, south of Phillis Island (23), a total of eight gill nets were set per sampling month. Nets were set for approximately 24 hours and all captured fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g) . Scale samples were taken from selected game species for age and growth analysis. Electrofishing was conducted using a boat-mounted boom electroshocker. Alternating current of 220 volts and three to six amps was generally used. Shocking time was maintained between 8 to 10 minutes per station and was consistent for each survey. The shoreline areas of each transect were shocked and large fish processed as described for the gill net collections. Small fish were immediately preserved with 10% formalin and returned to the laboratory for analysis in the following manner. All game fish were measured and weighed individually. Samples of non-game fish containing 30 specimens or less were measured individually and weightd together. Samples of non-game fish containing more than 30 specimens were subsampled. Total lengths were recorded for 30 randomly chosen specimens, and a batch weight obtained for the entire sample.
~ Trawling was performed using a 15 ft semi-balloon otter trawl. The trawl was towed for a 6 minute period, in mid-channel at each transect. Fish were processed as described above.
l l l 80 l 1 l
l \
, .SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOIOGICAL REPORT Both 10 and 20 ft seines were used during the fish surveys.
( Generally, four hauls of the 20 ft straight seine were taken at the shoreline areas of each trausect. When river bank conditions prevented this method of sampling, the 10 ft cast seine was used. All captured fish were preserved and processed in the laboratory. Results Since the initation of fish population studies in lv70, in the Ohio River near BVPS, through the 1979 survey period, a total of 50 fish taxa have been captured (Table V-15) . In 1979, specimens of 34 fish taxa were collected, and three species (stoneroller, blacknose dace, and banded darter) had not been captured previously. A combined total of 7,975
- individuals were collected in 1979 by electrofishing, gill netting, seining and trawling (Table V-16).
A total of 1,384 fish, representing 26 taxa, was collected by electrofishing (Table V-17) . Sand shiners, emerald shiners and bluntnose minnows dominated the catch numerically. These species accounted for 92.7% of the total electrofishing catch. The most abundant sport species was spotted bass which composed 1.2% of the total. Each of the other taxa accounted for less than 1% of the total. Total catches varied considerably between months. Fewest fish were captured in August (33 individuals) while the greatest number (881 individuals) was collected in November. Numerical dif-ferences between transects were also apparent. Average monthly catches for transects 1 and 2A were 80.8 and 77.3 fish, respectively. Transects 2B and 3 were considerably lower, averaging 36.3 and 36.2 fish, respectively (Table V-18) .
; The highest number of taxa collected by electrofishing (20 taxa) occurred at transect 2A (Table V-16).
' ~
l Gill netting yielded a total of 81 fish, representing 17 l taxa (Table V-19). Cnannel catfish were the most abundant and were captured every month. They accounted for 25.9% of the annual gill net catch. Carp (13.6%) , yellow perch (8. 6 %) and sauger (14.8%) were also common species of the gill net catches. The monthly gill net catch averaged 13.5 fish and ranged from 5 fish in November to 21 fish in June. The mean annual gill net catch per transect was 3.4 fish, and ranged from 1.8 fish at Transact 2B to 5.7 fish at l Transect 3 (Table V-18). The highest number of collected taxa (12) also occurred at Transect 3 (Table V-16). l 81 l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-15 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME) a FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1970-1979 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Consnan Name Lepisosteidae (gars) Lepisosteus osseus Longnose gar Clupeidae (herrings) Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Alosa chrysochloris Skipjack herring Esocidae (pikes) Esox lucius. Northern pike E,. masquinongy Muskellunge E. lucius X E. masquinongy Northern pike muskellunge hybrid Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) l Cararsius auratus Goldfish Cyprinus carpio Carp C. auratus X cy=rinus careio Goldfish carp hybrid Notropis cornutus Common shiner
, N,. atherinoides Emerald shiner N. rubellus Rosyface shiner N. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N. stramineus Sand shiner N. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow Semotilus atromaculatus Creek chub Campostoma anomalun Stoneroller Rhinichthys atratulus Blacknose dace Catostomidae (suckers)
Carpiodes cyorinus Quillback Catostomus commersoni White sucker i Hyoentelium nigricans Northern hog sucker l Moxostoma anisurum Silver redhorse M. duquesnei Black redhorse M. macrolepidotum Shorthead redhorse Moxostoma spp. Redhorse Ictiobus niger Black buffalo
- a. Nomenclature follows Bailey et al. (1970) l l
l 82
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l TABLE 15 (Continued) Family and Scientific Name Ccmmon Name Ictaluridae (freshwater catfishes) Ictalurus catus White catfish
.I. malas Black bullhead I. natalis Yellow bullhead I. nebulosus Brown bullhead I. punctatus Channel catfish Parcopsidae (trout-perches)
Percopsis omiscemayens Trout-perch Cypriaade=_tidae (1r4118 '4 =hes) Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish Percichthyidae (temperate basses) Morone chrvseps White bass Canurarchidae (sunfishes) Ambleplites rucestris Rock bass Lecomis evanellus Green sunfish L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed L. macrochirus Bluegill Micropterus dolemieul Smallmouth bass M. punctulatus Spotted bass M. salmeides Largemouth bass Po=w'< annularis White crappie P_. nicromaculatus Black. crappie Percidae (perches) Etheostema nigrum Johnny darter E_. zonale Banded darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch Stizestedien canadense Sauger S_. vitraum vitraum Walleye i l 83 1
1
- n A
/. un t4 TAMLE V-86 g H
emestEn (W Fisst EUR.4JffTD BY FtM1IEXII,setse3 (L), GIL4. seLTT80sG (GNI, st aestesG ist assu TRAul.tesG (il AT 1pAsa53%TE Ise tut estM ClutuEDI.AMO ytmis. of' Tus to:IO pgve n, 3979 eves [(I g O z
. Teansact 3 gon,,, g og Tsansect ! Tsensect JA Tsannect 2e p., c,,,,,
T E (.se S T Total E (ia8 6 T Total Tot a t Aeweesal Tot al Tana ,g , CL 5 _T, Jot a l, E Gas S Total 6 6 6 8 - - 7 - 1 - - I le 0.2 s:Iraasil stead - - - - - - - -
- - - 4 - - - - - 3 -0.3 tk hell wpe t - - - 1 3 - - - 3 t
- - - - - - - - - - - - t < 0. 4 g rike es.. - - - - - 1 - I 7s3 - 885 3,964 49.7 g S.e=t nhiswr 181 - 2,294 - 1,472 203 - 906 -
3.307 35 - 534 1 570 32 - Egetitu ehleier - - B - 1 I - 3 - 4 2 - 2 - 4 - - 17 - 37 26 0.3 q 256 110 347 463 60 - 00 3 543 542 - 4 tn 6 586 8,444 88.2 tgp f:awsand phis.or 183 - 143 - - 6 Himic shleser 3 - 7 = le 4 - 173 5 te6 9 - 2 32 23 - - gy 2 gg 23g 3.0 g stemtanse steenow gyg - jg3 - 49g 33g - 106 - 224 e5 - 434 - 499 34 - 378 - 905 2,48g 26.6 C
- - -
- I t - *
- I - * - *
- 3 **8 I d Flamoroller - - - - I 2 - - 3 3 4 - 2 9 3 4 -
I e 23 0.3 C 4'a r t. - g - - 3 3 8 - - I - t 2 *0.8 C (d 1 M Blacknose dase - - - - - - - -
- - - 2 - - 2 5 0.5 Z
white som_her - - - - - 2 1 - - 3 - 40.1
- 2 - - 2 4 Qast i BIwnck - - - - - - g - 3 - - 3 - 1
- - - - - 3 40.3 N th>a timen hoS mecker - - - - - g - 3 -
2 3 - 3
- B - - 3 2 <0.1 M sil ve r s eilt.ar ne -
3 - - 3 - - - - Blask reithos 6e 2 - - - 2 - - - - - = = - - -
- I *
- I 3 *0.I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - 1 I *0.1 pg som her op. - - -
5 3 3 - - 6 I to - 2 13 27 0.3 OM slaae.amt c.st fish - 3 - - 3 - 5 - - Tso.it > gn.ra h - - - - - 2 - - - 2 8 - - - I .- - - - - I '# I Qq
- - - 8 - 1 I 80.8 H sambi.t killtalsh -
()
- - .- 3 - -
1 - - - - - 3 80.3 amh t, arse 2 - - 2 - - - cseen nemf &nh 3 - - - B - - - - - 3 - - - 3 - - - - - 4 en 1 O
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 40.4 P*at e l asee*8 1 - - 1
- - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - 2 <n.3 stuegei1 3 - - - 3 &
2 - - - 2 2 - 2 - 4 30 0.1 6millenath lose 1 3 3 - 3 1 - - - a
<0.8 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 8.arepneansth hane - 3 - - 3 2 - - -
5 1 - 3 22 0.3 Et utte.t0nne S 3 - - 6 5 4 2 - e 5 - - - 2 -
<0.1 O mlack cragyte - - - - -
3 - - g -- - - - - 1 - - - t 2 white cragyle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 - - 4 4 *0.8 g 2 - - - - 3 - - 3 9 0.8 Vellow giesch 3 3 - - 4 g 3 - - - - 0.2 6 2 - 2 - 4 - - 4 12 Saesar.: - - - - - - 6 - - - - ts.n l le ye 2 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - 5 0.8
- 3 - - 3 -
- - - - - - - - 5 0.5 Ed'herch 3 - - - 3 4 - - - 4 - -
- - - - 1 - - 4
- 4 - * - - - 6 0.8 Jul nny starter 1 - - 1 B
- - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - 3 0.1 standed elaster - - - - - I 485 16 8 , 78.0 0 2,268 464 20 8,543 84 2,01e 2te i l 1,0 37 3 0 1, 2144 287 34 2,330 8B 2,392 7,975 Total Total spendiar 9 a 2 26 16 5 7 4 20 e 12 8 4 28 of tasa 14 9 6 0 28 20 Percent of 21.4 0.7 77.3 0 28.4 22.8 1.0 75.7 0.5 25.6 47.0 0.9 al.3 8.4 36.5 18.6 1.7 bt..o 0.6 30.0 total catch e
1 t i
. . SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPAN'l 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOG:. CAL REPORT l
l l TABLE V-17 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY ELECTROFISHING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND. POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Month Annual Percent of Taxa May June July Aug. Sept. Ik:nr. Total' Annual Total Gizzard shad - - 2 - 10 --
~12 0.9 Muskellunge - -
1 1 1 - 3 0.2 Pike sp. - 1 - - - -- 1 0.1
. Sand shiner 19 55 38 5 57 275 449 32.4 Spotfin shiner - 1 1 -
1 - 3 0.2 Emerald shiner 37 3 18 - 10 357 425 30.7 Mimic shiner 4 - - - - 12 16 1.2 Bluntnose minnow 12 38 29 18 96 217 410 29.6 Stonereller - -- - - 1 1 2 0.1 Carp - 1 1 3 2 - 7 0.5 Blacknose dace - 1 - - - - 1 0.1 white sucker - - 2 - - - 2 0.1 Northern hog sucker - 1 1 - - - 2 0.1 Black redborse -- - - 2 - - 2 0.1 Channel catfish - -
.1 '1 2 - 4 0.3 Trout-perch - - - -' - 3 3 0.2 Green sunfish 1 - - -
2 ~l 4 0.3
- P'impkinseed - - - -
1 - 1 0.1 Bluegill - - - - 1 ' .1 2 0.1 Small:nouth bass - - - - 2 4 6 0.4 Largemouth bass 1 - - - 1 - 2 0.1 Spotted bass - - - 2 9 6 17 1.2 Black crappie - - - - - 1 1 0,1 Yellow perch - 1 - - -
'l 2 0.1 Logperch - - - 1 3 '1 5 0.4 Johnny darter - - - -
1 1 2 0.1 TCAL 74 102 94 33 200 881 1,384 l l 85 t 1 { l l
TABLE V-18 NUMBERS OF FISil COLLECTED BY GILL NETTING AND ELECTROFISIIING AT TRANSECTS IN TIIE Q HEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF Tile 011I0 RIVER, 1979 H BVPS @ ElectrofishingI "I Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 Y May 16 26 32 9 7 18.5 June 20 43 50 5 4 25.5 [ July 10 39 27 19 9 23.5 g August 3 15 7 6 5 8.2 o September 12 128 33 30 9 50.0 ??8 November 13 234 315 149 183 220.2 kg m Total 485 464 218 217 % Mean 80.8 77.3 36.3 36.2 57.7 gg
$ Gill Netting o os May 2 0 3 0 3 1.5 gn June 14 6 4 3 8 5.2 9@5 July 11 3 3 3 6 3.8 5 2 4.5 August 2 September 12 6
0 5 5 0 11 4.0 hh o 0 1.2 o November 13 1 0 4 :g Total 16 20 11 34 Mean 2.7 3.3 1.8 5.7 3.4 (a)Electrofishing time was 10 minutes / site or 20 minutes / transect on each date. Gill net collection time was approximately 24 hrs./ location or 48 hrs./ transect on each date.
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIG?ii COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECCLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-19 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY GILL NETTING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Month Annual Percent of Taxa . .ay June July Aug. Sept. Nov.. Total Annual Total Gizzard shad - - - 1 1 - 2 2.5 Carp - 2 4 3 2 - 11 13.6 White sucker - - 2 - 1 - 3 3.7 Quillback - 1 1 1 - - 3 3.7 Silver redhorse - - - - - 2 2 2.5 Black redhorse - - - 1 - - 1 1.2 Sucker sp. - 1 - - - - 1 1.2 Channel catfish 5 10 1 2 2 1 21 25.9 Rock bass -- 1 1 1 - - 3 3.7 Smallmouth bass -- - - 1 - -
.1 1.2 Largemouth bass - - - 1 - -
1 1.2 Spotted bass - - 1 1 1 - 3 3.7 Black crappie -- 1 - - - - 1 1.2 White crappie -- - - - 4 - 4 4.9 Yellow perch l~ l - 2 1 2 7 8.6 Sauger - 3 4 1 4 - 12 14.8 Walleye - 1 1 3 - - 5 6.2 TOTAL 6 21 15 18 16 5 81 87
l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l l A total of 6,470 fish was captured using seines in 1979 (Table V-20). The catch was composed primarily of sand shiners (54. 3 %) , bluntnose minnows (26.4%) and emerald shiners (15. 6 % ) . Three samilmouth bass and two spotted bass, taken in September, were the only sport fish collected. Seasonal variation was apparent, with monthly catches ranging from 223 fish in August to 2,658 fish in September. ; The combined catches of September and November accounted for 69.4% of the anncal total. Spatial variation also occurred, < with mean annual catches per transects ranging from 172.8 fish at Transect 2B to 355.0 fish at Transact 3 (Table V-21). A total of only 40 fish was captured by trawling in 1979 (Table V-22) . Emerald shiners and mimic shiners accounted for 55.0% and 30.0% of the annual collection, respectively. Monthly totals ranged from 0 fish in July to 11 fish in May. The mean annual catch per transect ranged from 0 fish at Transact 1 to 3 fish at Transact 2B (Table V-21). Ace and Growth Results Age has been determined by scale analysis for selected sport fish from 1971 through 1979. During 1979, muskellunge, largemouth bass, yellow perch, walleye and sauger were selected because of their value as sport fish and their availability in the BVPS study area. A summary of the age and total length data of fish analyzed during 1979 is presented in Table V-23. The samples included muskellunge in the III, IV and VII age group, largemouth bass in the I, II and III age group, and yellow perch, walleye and sauger in the II, III and IV age group. Compar-ison of the 1979 age and growth data with data from earlier years and published works (Scott & Crossman 1973, Carlander 1969 and 1977) revealed no evidence of a growth rate reductlan during 1979. Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Electrofishing and gill net data, expressed as catch-per- i unit-effort, for the years 1974 through 1979 are presented in Tables V-24 and V-25. These six years represent two preoperational years (1974 and 1975) and four operational years (1975, 1977, 197 8, and 1979) . Fish data for Transect i 1 (control transect) and the averages of Transects 2A, 2B , and 3 are tabulated separately. Comparisons of the fish population data between preoperational and operational l 88
SECTION V DUGUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAZ, REPORT TABLE V-20 NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY SEINING IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Month Annual- Percent of Taxa May June July Aug. Sept. Nov. Total *' Annual TotaA Sand shiner 655 203 230 129 1149 1148 3514 54.3 Spotfin shiner 16 6 - 1 - - 23 0.4 anerald shiner 167 '174 92 18 14 543 1008 15.6 Mimic shiner 1 14 - 2 171 15 203 3.1 Bluntnose minnow 100 19 74 73 1.116 126 1708 26.4 Blacknose dace 1 - - - - - 1 <0.1 gi,411kack - - - - 1 - 1 <0.1 Northern hog sucker - - - - 1 - 1 <0.1 Banded killifish 1 - - - - - 1 <0.1
===11muth bass - - - - 3 -
3 <0.1 Spotted bass - - - - 2 - 2 <0.1 Johnny darter - - 1 - - - 1 <0.1 Banded darter - - - - 1 3 *4 <0.1 TOTAL 941 416 397 223' 2658 1835 6470 l l l 89
TABLE V-21 m M NUMBERS OF PISIIES COLLECTED BY SEINING AND TRAWLING AT TRANSECTS IN Tile O NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF Tile 01110 RIVER, 1979 $ Z DVPS Seining Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 X May 2 & 23 84. 296 109 452 235.2 g 57 87 104.0 m June 13 145 127 July 5 77 129 118 73 99.2 d August 2I "I 94 58 71 0 55.8 September 11 726 320 550 1062 664.5 ho@ November 12 634 613 132 456 458.8 c@ 2130 b$m Total 1760 1543 1037 Mean 293.3 257.2 172.8 355.0 269.6 $e
$ 05 Trawling gg H
May 23 0 1 5 5 2.8 QQ June 13 0 7 0 0 1.8 E$g July 5 0 0 0 0 0 p August 2 0 3 0 4 1.8 Q September 11 0 0 9 0 2.2 o November 12 0 0 4 2 1.5 $ Total 0 11 18 11 Mean 0 1.8 3 1.8 1.7 I"I Seining prevented at Stations 2B south and 3 south in August due to unusually deep and soft sediment.
. SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPOF.T TABLE V-22 i 1
NUMBERS OF FISH COLLECTED PER MONTH BY TRAWLING IN THE j NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE CHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Month Annual Percent of Taxa May June July Aug. Sept. Nov. Total Annual Total Sand shiner - - - 1 1 2.5 Emerald shiner - 6 - 4 7 5 22 55.0 Mimic shiner 8 1 - 3 - - 12 30.0 Carp 1 - - - 2 - 3 7.5 Channel catfish 2 - - - - - 2 5.0 TOTAL 11 7 - 7 9 6 40 l l l 91
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT i TABLE V-23 AGE AND TOTAL LENGTH OF SEECT FISH SPECIES COLLECTED IN THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Total Length'(mm) Number Species Age Group Average Range , of Fish Muskellunge III 495 - 1 IV 564 - 1 VII 850 - 1 Largemouth bass I 120 - 1 II 268 - 1 III 298 - 1 Yellow perch II 148 - 1 III 203 190-213 3 IV 218 - 1 Walleye II 286 - 1 III 480 465-495 3 IV 545 - 1 Sauger II 279 275-285 3 III 334 302-384 8 IV 384 - 1 1 h 92
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. SECTION V DUQUES9iE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT periods, as well as between control and non-control transects ,
may be used to detect potential effects of operation of BVPS on fish populations. Fluctuations in the total annual fish catches have occurred since the 1974 study. For example, at the control transect, mean electrofishing catches have varied from 645.2 fish / hour in 1975 to 65.6 fish / hour in 1978. Electrofishing values for the 1379 study period were the highest since operation of BVPS Unit 1 in 1976. Yearly fluctuations in the annual gill net catches have generally corresponded to those of the electrofishing data, but have been of a lesser magnitude. Total gill net catch values at Transect 1 (control) in 1975 and 1978 were 3.4 and 2.9 fish /24 hour, respectively. Summary and Conclusions The electrofishing gear and procedures used during these studies are more selective toward smaller fish than the gill nets. Therefore, variations in annual total catch are attributable primarily to flucuations in the population size of the small species. Small saecies with high reproductive potentials, frequently respond to changes in natural environ-mental factors such as competition, food availability, cover and water quality with large changes in population size. Thus these flucuations are naturally occurring and they cannot be attributed to operation of BVPS. It is important to mention that while variation in total catches has occurrad, species composition has remained fairly stable. Since the initiation of studies in 1974, forage fish of the family Cyprinidae have dominated the catches. Emerald shiners, sand shiners and bluntnose minnows have consistently been the most numerous fish. Carp, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, yellow perch and walleye have all remained common species. The mean number of taxa collected by both electrofishing and gill netting averaged 9.8 for preoperational years and 15.4 for opera-tional years. This difference may be in response to increased sampling efficiency and frequency but in any event , the number of taxa did not decrease. Differences in the 1979 electrofishing and gill net catches, between the control and non-control transects were consistent with previous years (both operational and preoperational) and are most likely due to the habitat preferences of individual species. Carp, gi::ard shad, channel catfish and sauger were more abundant at the non-control transects (2A , 2B and l \ 95
. . SECTION T _
DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 3), while sand shiners and bluntnose minnows were more numerous at the control transect (1) . As in previous years, yellow perch and walleye were fairly evenly distribute? above and below BVPS. Shiners and minnows were the most abundant fish species in the Ohio River near BVPS and have experienced fluctuations in population size in both the preoperational and operational study years. Differences in fish abundance above and below BVPS probably reflect the habitat preferences of individual species. Age and growth analysis of selected sport fish indicate no reduction in grewth rate in 1979. Data collected from 1974 to 1979 do not indicate that fish populations in the study area have been adversely affected by BVPS operation. l l l l l 96
, , SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAZ. ECOLOGICAL REPORT ICHTHYOPLANETON (.ETS Reference 3.1.3. 6)
Objective To determine the extent to which the Ohio River near the BVPS is used by fish as a spawning or nursery area and to assess if changes have occurred based on a comparison of operational and preoperational data. A specific objective shall be to evaluate ichthyoplankton data gathered in the back channel of Phillis Island (Station No. 2) because of this area's potential as a spawning ground and its relative proximity to the BVPS discharge structure. Methods In accordance with BVPS Unit 1 ETS, six surveys were con-ducted during the spawning season (April 19, May 1 and 17, June 7 and 20 and July 5) . Ichthyoplankton samples were collected at Transacts 1, 2A, 2B and 3 (Figure V-1) . At Transacts 1, 2A and 3, a total of six upstream tows were made per transact in each survey. Che surface and one bottom tcw was made along each river bank and at midriver. At Transact 2B (back channel) , one surface and one bottom tow was made in a zig-zag pattern across the channel. Samples were collected with 0.5 m conical 505 micron mesh plankton net. A flow meter, mounted centrically in the net mouth, was used to determine volume of water filtered. Samples were preserved in a 10% solution of buffered formalin containing rose bengal dye. In the laboratory, ichthyoplankton was sorted from the sample, identified to the lowest possible taxon and phase of development, and counted. The size of 10 randomly selected specimens for each taxoncmic and developmental stage was recorded. Densities of ichthyoplankton (#/100 m3 ) were calculated for each sample using flowmeter dat , Results A total of seven eggs, 729 larvae and 92 adults were col-lected during the six surveys. Ten taxa representing five l families were identified. Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) accounted for 94% (685 larvas) of the total catch (Table V-26). Percidae (perches) accounted for 2.5% (18 larvae) of the total. Dorosoma cepedianum (gizzard shad) , Lepomis sp. (sunfish) and Icciobus sp. (buffalo) accounted for 1% (7 larvae), <1% L3 larvae) and 41% (1 larvae), respectively. Unidentifiable larvae accounted for 2% or 15 larvae of the total catch. . 97
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SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT No fish eggs or larvae were collected during the first survey (April 19) . During the second survey (May 1) , only two larvae were collected. The number of larvae collected increased to 46 on May 17 and then decreased to five on June
- 7. During the May 1 and 17, and June 7 surveys, yellow perch larvae werg common; their densities ranged from 0.05 to 0.21/100 m4 . In addition to yellow perch larvae on May 17, cyprinids were also collected (1.61/100 m )3 . The five larvae collected on June 7 were also yellow perch. The number of larvae collected on June 20 and July 5 increased to 316 and 360, respectively from the earlier surveys.
During these surveys, species composition and total density 3 values were similar. ThegensityonJune20was17.04/100m and on July 5, 17.36/100 m . Cyprinids accounted for 94% to 96% of the larvae, respectively. Other taxa collected in addition to cyprinids were gizzard shad, sunfish, buffalo and darter. Comparison of Control and Non-Control Transects Mean density values from Transect 1 (control) were compared with the mean densities downstream at Transect 2 and 3 to determine spatial variation. During the first five surveys (April (0.21 19 to June100 to 21.01/ 20)S)mean m anddensity values Transect 3 for Transect 1(0.17 to 22.38/100 m3) were" comparable (Table V-27). On July 5, the mean density at Transect 3 was roughly 2.3 times higher than the Transect 1 density, however, the mean density at Transect 2B (14.82/10gm3) was similar to the Transect 1 density 3 (13.50/100 m ). In general, Transect 2A (0.57 3to 10.07/100 m ) and Transect 23 densities (0.81 to 14.82/100 m ) were similar but densities were somewhat lower than Transect 1 and 3 densities. Data indicated that the main stem of the Ohio River and the back channel of Phillis Island (Transect 2B) are used to a similar extsat for spawning purposes. Also, the data did not show evidence that BVPS opera' tion was adversely affecting the ichthyoplankton of the Ohio River. l Comparison of Preoperational and Operational Data Little change in spawning activity has occurred in the Ohio River near BVPS as a result of plant operations. Comparison of ichthyoplankton densities from 1973 and 1974 to 1976-1979 indicated peak spawning continued to occur June through July with little spawning during April and May (Table V-28) . During the 1974 study, several sampling stations exhibited relatively high densities (Table V-28) , namely the north and l l 102 1 l _ _ _
O TABLE V-27 , to DENSITY OF FISit LARVAE AND JUVENILES (No./100m ) COLLECTED IN Tile -Q 01110 RIVER NEAR ;bVPS, 1979 $ Date Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 19 April 0 0 0 0 North shoreline $ 0 0 0 0 Midriver South shoreline 0 0 0 0 y 0 0 0 o Mean 0 1 May a@ 0.62 0 0 0 North shoreline gm$ Midriver 0 0 0 0.50 South shoreline 0 0 0 0 $p g Mean 0.21 0 0 0.17 og o tu u 17 May $ '-3 0.79 o North shoreline 2.13 0.93 Midriver 4.50 3.22 0.81 5.31 South shoreline 0.47 1.71 1.42 Hean 2.37 1.95 0.81 2.51 hh o 7 June y 0 0.48 0 North shoreline - 0 0 0.39 0 Midriver 0 South shoreline 0 1.23 0 Mean 0 0.57 0.39 20 June North shoreline 23.71 16.74 13.71 Midriver 14.06 6.64 11.69 4.12 South shoreline 25.27 6.83 49.31 Mean 21.01 10.07 11.69 22.38
En M TABLE V-27 (Continued)
. 3 2
z Date Transect 1 Transect 2A Transect 2B Transect 3 , 5 July North shoreline 18.49 4.27 45.85 Fa Midriver 8.66 6.04 14.82 20.77 $ South shoreline 13.34 11.28 27.87 a Mean 13.50 31.50 7.20 14.82 gg asi kE
- m" 5
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TADLl; V-28 Ot;.4SITy 06 # 3 588 E6eLS , IANVAt; AIM) JUVt3414 f'S thmeest/100 en i Cist.LECTED III Tett; 0u80 talVLit til; Alt Ovi S , 1973-1974, 1976-1979 UI Trausect I lal Transes:t 2A Transea;t 2 ts Ta anmenct 3 Mean ggg tute A a e A ~b c- 16scFtfiss5&T A 8 c~ Density 1971 H. O O O -Ita) - - 0 0 0 0 0 O 1 T5 ear t l
- 0 %
17 May 1.30 0 0 - - - 0 0 0 0.40 20 June 52.44 19.30 - - - 16.30 45.87 - 6.34 28.50 3.25 .10 3.28 4.26 4 26 July 6.46 - 5.20 - - - - , 1974 1 I C5prl! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.80 0 0.07 24 May 1.54 2.02 0 0.89 3.66 1.48 0 l.40 2,07 1.29 11 Jusie 72.47 13.74 31.42 153.22 18.78 17.9) 6.98 27.14 22.66 35.38 37.42 26 Jimo 2.iG 3.14 1.04 11.9) 9.05 2.86 9.25 21.78 10.28 3.88 7.78 l4 11.09 7.07 59.59 130.47 10.65 124.52 68.45 ' OD 16 July s2.36 .0.79 53.76 194.19 4 I August 6.80 6.90 6.06 6.86 1.75 5.07 6.85 9.46 5.68 5.92 6.17 e U 1976 0 2T5ptlk 6 0 0 0.88 1.05 0 0.70 0 1.34 0 0.42 O 19 May 0 0 1.93 0 88 0 0 0.88 8.49 2.48 0.70 IS June 14.91 1.85 23.06 24.29 4.96 1.se 5.99 49.57 18.43 48.01 23.17 11.57 43.61 19.08 18.20 h yg 2 July 48.26 15.04 27.!! 6.12 14.48 6.~ 12 6.63 15 July 6.75 3.99 9.13 5.14 1.91 1.9) 3.69 6.55 17.45 7.69 6.59 re 29 July 4.33 2.53 6.16 26.70 4.78 6.10 4.05 ll.26 8.12 62.07 14.67 g] I'l H 5977 O (1 O }g 5pril 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OH
- Il my 0 0 0 0 4.89 0 0.90 0.19 0 0 0.45 t1 O 11.68 15.44 24.22 46.54 17.60 19.84 31.s- O (31 9 Jame 76.89 15.34 28.57 us.uS Ch d 19.33 31.99 18.85 5.90 6.60 1.44 28.09 13.12 25.17 16.11 22 Jame 24.86 3.11 15.53 H 7 July 13.80 5.24 14.57 0 6.51 5.33 8.07 2.05 6.74 20 July 60.75 31.59 26.75 27.70 7.25 10.49 26.37 10.43 24.88 441.18 27.23 1978 2 T5ges t ! e 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.!! O l.15 0.24 e 5 May 0 0 1.21 1.26 4.37 1.09 0 1.47 0 0 0.87 20 Ny 0 0 0 2.48 3.21 0 0.98 0 0 0 0.48 k 2 June 6.34 II.79 26.16 4.50 18,64 10.00 4.01 54.62 11.64 0 14.75 ()
16 June 19.46 11.51 20.98 9.95 28.87 9.24 12.15 14.34 13.88 8.m4 15.51< ' DO 2 Julw 12.87 7.15 17.08 9.40 6.95 4.05 13:32 1.51 4.42 0 1,g9 d 19d9 15 Ager!! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e i Hay 0 0 0.62 0 0 0 0 0 0.50 0 0.10 17 May 0.47 4.50 2.13 1.18 3.22 0.9) 0.81 1.42 5.31 0.79 1.96 7 J une 0 0 0 1.25 0 0.48 0.39 0 0 0 0.22 20 June 2%.27 14.06 21.75 6.81 6.64 16.74 11.69 49.14 4.12 33.74 17.04 5 July 13.34 8.66 48.49 31.28 6.04 4.27 14.82 27.87 20.77 45.85 17.36 I, C: NI A - Hass tla shassaline ) it - Histrlvur C - Souts. shoreline twsL m esanpl est
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT south shorlines at Transect 3 and the north shoreline lopposite BVPS) at Transect 2A. Except for this survey, which had a mean density of 68.45/100 m3 (Figure V-8) , variations among years were minimal. Species composition remained consistent i from 1973 through 1979. Cyprinids dominated the collections j while percids, gizzard shad, suckers and sunfish larvae 1 occurred in lesser numbers. Summary and Conclusions 1 The 1979 ichthyoplankton survey indicated the peak spawning period in the Ohio River near BVPS occurred during June and July. Little spawning occurred in April and May. The spawning period for cyprinids, which accounted for 94% of the larvae collected, corresponded with this peak. This suggested that fish with specialized reproductive requirements (e.g. , the more important game fish) did not find suitable habitats for spawning in the main stem of the Ohio River. Likewise, the larval density values indicated the back channel of Phillis Island is not used extensively for spawning purposes. 106 i
. . SECTION V DUQUESitE ?IGHT COMPANY 1979 AWNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 70 -
1976 tef3 1973 81974 60 - I
} 50 -
8
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i j ' O . . . 7 . . , , . , , , O to 20 30 10 20 30 to 20 30 10 20 30 l l APRIL l MAY l JUNE l JULY l FIGURE V-9 MEAN SURVEY DENSITIES OF FISH LARVAE AND JUVENILES COLLECTED IN THE OHIO RIVER NEAR BVPS DURING PREOPERATIONAL YEARS (1973-1974) AND OPERATIONAL YEARS (1976-1979) 107
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT i + FISH IMPINGEMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3. 7) Objective Impingement surveyt were conducted to monitor the quantity of impinged fish on the traveling screens. Methods Impingement surveys were conducted weekly throughout 1979 , (Table V-1). Except when technical difficulties delayed sampling, weekly fish impingement sampling began on Thursday mornings when all four traveling screens were washed and a collection basket of 0.25 inch mesh netting was placed at the end of the screen wash water sluiceway. On Friday mornings, after approximately 24 hours, each screen was washed individually for 15 minutes (one complete revolution of the screen) and all fish collected. Fish were identified, counted, measured for total length (mm) and weighed (g). Data was summarized according to operating intake bays (bays that had intake pumps operating in the 24 hr. sampling period) and non-operating intake bays. Results The BVPS impingement surveys of 1976 through 1979 have resulted in the collection of 30 species of fish representing nine families (Table V-29). A total of 262 fish, representing 21 families was collected in 1919 (Table V-30). Channel catfish composed 38.2% of the total annual catch, followed by gizzard shad (15.3%) , and emerald shiner (9.5%) . Carp accounted for 3.0% while mimic shiner, brown bullhead and spotted bass each accounted for 2.7% of the total. No endangered or threatened species were collected (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,1978) . One freshwater drum, a species not collected in previous years, was taken in 1979. Fish ranged in size from 29 mm to 277 mm, with the majority under 100 mm. The total weight of the yearly collection was 2.0 kg
, (4.4 lbs) (Table V-30).
r Unlike previous years in which over 80% of the total catch was collected in January, February and March, two peaks were observed in 1979. During the above months approximately 47% of the catch was taken, while 38% was collected in August, September and October (Table V-31). This shift in the temporal distribution of the catch is not a result of a j significant increase in impinged fish in the fall but rather it reflects the absence of large numbers of impinged shiners 108
l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY l 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-29 (SCIENTIFIC AND COMMON NAME)f') FAMILIES AND SPECIES OF FISH COLLECTED DURING THE IMPINGEMENT 4 SURVEYS, 1976-1979 BVPS Family and Scientific Name Common Name Clupedsidae (herrings) Dorosoma cepedianum Gizzard shad Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) Cyorinus carcio Carp Notropis atherinoider Emerald shiner N,. spilopterus Spotfin shiner N. stramineus Sand shiner N. volucellus Mimic shiner Pimephales notatus Bluntnose minnow Catostomidae (sucker) Carciodes eyerinus Quillback Catostomus crmmarsoni White sucker Moxostoma carinatum Pd.ver redhorse Ictaluridae (freshwater catfishes) Ictalurus natalis Yellow bullhead I nebulosus Brown bullhead [.punctatus channel catdish I. catus White sucker Noturus flavus Stonecat Percopsidae (treut-perches) Percopsis emisocmayeus Trout-perch Cyprinodontidae (le411 * #ish) Fundulus diaphanus Banded killifish i Centrarchidae (sunfishes) Ambloplites rupestris Rock bass Lepomis evanellus Green sunfish L. gibbosus Pumpkinseed ; L. macrochirus Bluegill j l Micropterus dolomieui cmmileuth bass l l M. salmeides Largemouth bass ' M. punctulatus Spotted bass Pcmoxis annularis White crappie i dal Ncmenclature follows Bailey et al. (1S701 109
- --.- y---- --
+
, , SECTIO 3 V DUQGESWE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-29 (Continued)
Family and Scientific Name Common Name Percidae (perches) Etheostoma nigrum Johnny darter Perca flavescens Yellow perch Percina caprodes Logperch Stizostedion vitraum Walleye Sciaanidae (drums) Aplodinotus grunniens Freshwater drum I I 110
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT.
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TA tt t.t V-31 (Continuedt $ of I'Ish Collected River 3 1-1 Operating
- Intake pays Intake Elevation O Date Numlier Percent of Intake Ilays Hon-operatingI Intake DaysI p r.ating Water Atmove Mease N Hon t E- fji collected Annual Total KITwo f>55i1~ q1ve neaII~ A_ 5 e af Temp. r sea s. eve l 4 July 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 70.0 665.2 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 70.0 665.0 20 3 1.3 0 1 1 1 X X 75.4 665.0 29 4 1.5 4 0 0 0 X X 16.0 665.0 H
6 2.3 0 5 0 X 76.3 665.0 W August 3 1 11 6 2.3 0 2 2 2 X X -74.5 664.9 j 17 18 6.9 1 6 10 1 X 67.8 665.0 ty 24 11 4.2 1 4 5 1 X X 69.4 665.0 gC 31 - 11 5.0 1 4 7 1 X X X 70.0 664.3 g Septemiser 7 7 2.7 2 0 4 X. X X 14.0 665.0 Oh 14 3 1.1 1 1 0 0 2 X X X 71.1 665.1 h4 21 5 1.9 ) 0 1 1 X X X 64.5 665.0 D1 29 3 1.1 0 1 2 0 X X X 66.5 667.0 I[ p p OH October 5 4 1.5 0 2 0 2 X X 63.3 665.9 t-1 Q y O D1 12 2 0.0 1 0 1 0 X X X 51.9 660.8 19 18 6.9 0 17 1 0 X 52.5 666.4 Od 26 3 1.1 0 1 1 1 X X 53.2 664.6 " g3 O Novemlier 2 3 1.1 1 I 1 0 X X 53.0 664.6 *g 9 4 1.5 1 0 3 0 X X 49.1 664.3 , 16 1 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 X X 45.4 46.0 664.6 664.5 h 23 1 0.4 1 X X >< 30 4 1.5 1 2 1 0 X X 44.7 667.7 C) N 5 0 4 0 X X 39.0 664.9 d t>ecentie r 7 1.9 1 14 1 0.4 1 0 0 0 X 39.0 666.8 21 4 1.5 1 2 1 0 X 36.0 665.0 28 2 0.8 0 0 1 1 X 38.5 668.0 Total 262 35 127 60 40 I*I Intake bays that had intake pumps operating 1.s the 24 hr sampling per!Al. Intake bays that had sio pumps operating in Llie 24 hr sampling period.
l SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I I and minnows in the early part of the year. Likewise, the increased percentage of channel catfish in the total catch . reflects the absence of these shiners and minnows and the low l total annual catch. Comparison of Impinged and River Fish A comparison of the number of fish collected in the river and traveling screens is presented in Table V-32. Three l species of fish were collected only in the impingement j surveys, while 13 species were taken exclusively in the river. The major difference in species composition between the two collections is the absence of many large species in the impingement collections. Five species of suckers and redhorses, and four species of sport fish (muskellunge, largemouth bass, sauger and walleye) were not collected in the impingement surveys. Those sport fish which were collected on the traveling screens (channel catfish, small-mouth bass, spotted bass) were smaller than individuals of those species collected by river sampling. Minnows and shiners constituted a larger percentage of the river col-lections than in the impingement collections. Comparison of Operating and Non-operating Intake Bay Collections Of the 262 fish collected during the 1979 impingement studies, 162 were collected from operating intake bays and 100 from non-operating intake bays (Table V-33). As in previous years the substantial number of fish collected in non-operating bays (38% in 1979) indicates that fish entrapment, rather than impingement, accounts for much of the catch. Entrapment occurs when fish are lifted out of the water on l the frame plates as the traveling screen rotates. Alternatively, when fish are impinged they are forced against the screens due to velocities created oy the circulating water pumps. Higher mortality occurred to fish collected in operating intake bays than in non-operating bays. Forty percent of the fish collected in non-operating bays were dead as com-pared to 78% in the operating bays. Summary and Conclusions l The results of the 1979 impingement surveys indicate that i withdrawal of river water at the BVPS intake for cooling ! purposes had little or no effect on the fish populations. l Only 262 fish were collected, which is the fewest collected since initial operation of BVPS in 1976. Approximately 38% of the catch was taken from non-operating intake bays. Sport fish collected were generally small in size. 114
SECTION U DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-32 NUMBER AND PERCENT OF ANNUAL TOTAL OF FISH COLLECTED IN TRAVELING SCREEN SURVEYS AND IN'THE NEW CUMBERLAND POOL OF THE OHIO RIVER, 1979 BVPS Total Number of Percent of Fish Collected Annual Total Traveling Traveling Species Screens River Screens River Gizzard shad .40 14 17.6 0.2 Muskellunge 0 3 0 <0.1 Sand shiner 4 3854 1.8 51.9 Spotfin shiner 0 23 0 0.3 Emerald shiner 25 1057 11.0 14.2 Mimic shiner 7 223 3.1 3.0 Bluntnose minnow 2 2089 0.9 28.1 Stoneroller 0 2 0 <0.1 Carp 8 17 3.5 0.2 Blacknose dace 0 2 0 <0.1 White sucker 0 5 0 <0.1 Qui 11back 0 4 0 <0.1 Northern hog sucker 0 3 0 <0.1 Silver redhorse 0 2 0 <0.1 Black redhorse 0 3 0 <0.1 Channel catfish 100 27 44.0 0.4 Brown bullhead 7 0 3.1 0 Yellow bullhead 1 0 0.4 0 Trout-perch 1 3 0.4 <0.1 Banded killifish 0 1 0 <0.1 Rock bass ~ 2 3 0.9 <0.1 Green sunfish 4 4 1.8 <0.1 Pumpkinseed 1 1 0.4 <0.1 Bluegill 5 2 2.2 <0.1 Smallmouth bass 3 ' 10 1.3 0.1 Largemouth bass 0 3 0 <0.1 1 Spotted bass 7 22 3.1 0.3 Black crappie 3 2 0 <0.1 White crappie 2 4 0.9 <0.1 i Yellow perch 1 9 0.4 0.1 l Sauger 0 12 0 0.2 ) Walleye 0 5 0 <0.1 Logperch 1 5 0.4 <0.1 l ! Johnny darter 5 6 2.2 <0.1 f Banded darter 0 1 0 <0.1 Freshwater drum l' O 0.4 0 Total 227 7421 I"I Includes only those specimens positively identified to < species. 115
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,e C. : -
-. e-e e
-z=
. c, e c c
,. r,
- s. s. . .,
= e . .
- o w -
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s 5
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=, a- - e, e, 1 -,
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.e SECTION T DUQUESWE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l
l PLANKTON ENTRAINMENT (ETS Reference 3.1.3. 8) l l A. Ichthyoplankton Objective ! To determine the number and kinds of ichthyoplankton (fish eggs and larvae) entrained in the intake water and quantita-l tively compare these date with ichthyoplankton data from the i river. Methods i Day and night samples were collected at operating intake bays with a 1.0 m diameter, 0.505 mm mesh plankton net. Consecutive vertical hauls were made at four legations across each intake bay until approximately 75 m of water was filtered in each bay. Concurrently, day and night - sampling was conducted along a transect crossing the Ohio River from the intake structure to the opposite shore. Samples were collected at five stations along the transect l (Figure V-9). Surface and bottom samples were taken at each j station, except for Station 5. At Station 5, only a surface sample was collected. At Station 3, a mid-depth sample was also collected. A 0.5 m diameter, 0.505 mm mesh plankton net was used to collect 10 day and 10 night samples. Samples were preserved with 10% formalin. Eight entrainment surveys were conducted (April 27, May 10 and 24 June 14 and 28 and July 11, 18 and 25) and encompassed the spawning period of the majority of fish present in the Ohio River near BVPS. In the laboratory, eggs and larvae were picked from the samples and identified to the lowest possible taxon and phase of development. Ten randomly selected larvae from each taxon and phase of development were measured. Densities of eggs, larvae and juveniles were calculated. Results A total of 2,449 larvae, seven juveniles, two eggr and six l adults were collected in intake samples (Table V-34). Con-j currently, 1,581 larvae, 45 juveniles, 2,826 eggs and 37 l adults were collected on the river transect (Table V-35). Fifteen taxa and six families were represented in the intake collections while 16 taxa and six families were reported in river collections. Carpiodes sp. (sucker) larvae vere linited to the intake while Aplodinotus grunniens (freshwater drum) and Pomoxis sp. (crappie) were collected only in the 117 1 . . -- - -. - - - - . - - _ _ . - - - - - - , - - .. .- . - .
in
, R4 O
I O ItVPS Intaka Striscttare C a *
. _ g i 2 3 4 5 g
,=g i i O O O O O g p
I gn I l 8 g g co - - - - ' - .m.%Q* *
- s 4ng : C oI,s
*- : UN 1
u g b l i ! FIGURE V-9 i RIVER ENTRAINHENT TRANSECT BAMPLING LOCATIONS l - i
~
l TAlllJi V 34 in 181 letfHilElt Atoll DENSITY Ol' t'I!ill IMMIS, I.AltVAE, JUVEHil.E!i Alou Alital.TS (14o./100 as') 0 01.8.l;( 75;13 IN Till! IIVpS firrAltt: II AYS , 1979 14 O Total Z flay C Collected and Ilay A slay 0 flay @l)Q 5 IMunity_
-.t)a y_
.-I'^ Y -. $ .l.- .N* Y-. b. Y I'" E-. .
Y *. 27 April Hot Sampled Hot Sasupled 172.2 Not. Sampled 86.1 86.1 0
~~V517at er f il tered lanI) 0 0 0 pa Ho. egyn collecteil 0 0 W 0
Ho. latvao collected 0 0 j No. jieveniles collected 3 0 3 L) - Ho. adistte collected c3 O liensi t y - 1.74 f.arvan 1.48 0 Hotrognin at horlausides tol" O hg O O I'l Tot.a t denal ty I'l OU 361.6 la 5* 10 ttay
~~Til V w.it er f iI tered (in') Not Sampled Hot. Sampled 86.I 0
86.I 0 95.7 0 95.7 0 26 0 hh O DI
- Ho. eggs collected 1 10 1 14 O ' 'l 0
Ilo. larvae collecteil 0 0 0 0 0 0 08 g H o. Juveniles collected 0 0 0 18 o . adults collected AO t-e tiens I t y .
- 5.7 7,'
I.arvao 1.16 6.97 1.04 13.58 Stizontedion ::pp. ( Y l.) " 0 4.64 0 1.04 1.1 Q
!!Elliiiiiiill5i spp. ( El,) " O "
14.63 7.15 31 1.16 11.61 1.04 63 Tot al ilueisi t.y "Devolpfunental fit agst n C Yl. - lla t rised r;pecioniin in which ynIk and/or oil <jloisulen are present. . p El. - Speclanena les whicle yolk and/or oil glolaules ato not presosit and in whicle no fin rays and/or opiny erlements leave leones dnvoloped. anel anal fins approximate the siumher 8.1. - Sps.c lonens lie which fin ray aint npiny elemoeie n of tho clornal found in adulIp.
- Speclaiens in wletch the approutmate adssit number of fin olementa are present asul the speclaiens 'y@y JJ have develope.1 approximato body sl.apo and pliament ation of adult.. t 0- Yearling or pistnr. bdI 1:xclonive of eggs anel yearlingn or oldet.
Total denuity includo larvae and juveniles only.
C thent Cypr inida n larvno probably belong to tiis genun Isottof n. i
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT CO.*GANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT
- Dkh NO 9%(g0
= l ' e N == @ == e == N @ M 1N N N N == - N e cm e P= @
** T w*ji @ @ @ *8"9 @ am8'" M@ m @ O. @. m C. T. .m.@..m.@ **
= QW f. . . . .......
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C
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- m. m . e. . m @ .. N. m O. @.
- C m C .= == = =. @ N == N ** O NN O 3! @ O == 0 a= == -s N == == N e == N m **
N m @ e
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> i'!.i ;.vi Ictet: 37e - > >. - = =*c= C'Ot=
- = .,* U = & la.I'J G.; A A: 5=
=
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tn til Tant. : v-14 (cont A mied) y-2 Tot al A nay n uay c nay u collectcil and 4 page Isa y payi $ ld Day _ iJtjld Day _ illM Day _ iiljgliI I Desis i t y_ 28 Jteous I
~V61.~wat er filtereil (o ) teot Samspted tiot Samipled 86.1 86.1 91.9 91.9 356.0 0 0 0 0 0 88n . eqqn collected II 469 21 761 1202 ,
No. lasvae collected 0 y 28 o . jiivesilles collected 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 to tio, adeelts caillected O CI Iw sis i e y g 1.arvae q 0 12.78 19.59 10.47 16.01 1) Dos osoma c"L'e'lla'auan (El.) 0 2.25 iMTHE6a3 cepiTdliiisiin (I.I.) ^ i'igliislilao~ (ffi.)'~~ o a.I1 5.81 301.97 0 I.09
;29.02 185.39 {*'Z [ua cyger ise ldae (I.I.) 2.12 4G.4G 0 101.20 37.92 g,3 O 3.43 0 33.97 3.9j g p, Hots ogels allier liioidos ( f.I.) 0 5.01 0 2.le 1.97 OH U Eisig~.fialus nep. (v s.) s.01 4.64 0 2.18 1.09 t' O H liis5.fi516s spp. ( Es.1 Iiit'5kisi UB 'g>unct atus ( f.I.) 0 0 0 0 0 3.26 0.04 h s
1.cgionai s agigi.'~{l.i.) ~~ 0 1.16 0.20 Ellicoutoena nep. ( I.I.) 0 0 0 6.51 1.60 O 3.26 239.39 106.74 O iislildiiEU f alst e 22.07 160.28
.'g T aal ae isny n.00 544.n 22.85 sau.07 no.ll +
# n I
(/l 1 89 O H si O TAlli.M V-3 4 (Coin t i sisseel) TotaI pay A nay c nay si collen:teil an I + Ita t o Day _ Hli~Iit~ j nay[nH pa y_ jff Day _ MM {D.ty_ ]
'H spl L X lleena l ty_
ll July
~Vii[ ~ wa t e r tillercel (mI) Not Sampleil Hot Sampleil 8G.I 06.I 86.1 86.1 ))4.4 $
Ho. larvae collecteil 27 114 16 69 226 q Hu. inveniles caillecteil 0 1 0 0 1 u2 t) freini t y I.at Van hq Ihnrorana.: cegurill anina ( l' t.) " 0 1.48 0 6.97 2.69 lit liisriiFJiEi c5jedill ~~ ( l.I.) " 1.16 0 0 1.16 0.60 (A EyTsiliililas '(iFI.)[pensas 6.97 67.36 2.32 14.n4 20.75
- Cypr i en tilae ( f.l.1 0 0 0 2.12 0.60 g,3 tiotrople attier inofiles I I.I. ).4R 0.1) 1.16 11.94 .6.80 n g-s iiinfifiils MiiFiliiiilil s (J)*(
~
O l.16 0 0 0.30 0H lilini- Minii iiiil51'iis ( 0 0 0 I.16 0.30 MO w liiEFgilGlis npp. (Ys.)'(f.) O O O 1.4a 0.90 8y plajalifi5fnN spp. ( EI.) 1.16 1.48 0 0 1.20 g l'orcleta st ge. ( 1,1,) 0 0 0 1.16 0.30 O IfsiIil5iif t f laisle 18.59 49.94 15.10 15.10 25.42 O Total tiensity 31.16 I13.56 18.50 80.14 67.88 . 18 Jul 'd ' 7 Til~ywater fullereil (no ) Not sampleil llot Sampled 80.4 60.4 00.4 30.4 321.6 , ' Hii, latvae collecteel 16 820 23 71 252 g No. jievent les collecteil I ) 0 0 4 I)ennity I.asvan d l>> eell a num (EI.) 0 4.98 0 1.24 1.55 nsoona ceg>FilijiiiiiE (s.t.) 0 0 0 i.24 0.): isiiii?.T.E5 EigT 71iililaifEiip(i Lt.),
~
R.71 42.29 9.95 19.90 20.21 Cypr i sa lit.se ( f.f.) 0 0 0 7.46 1.n6 t>?t ro ( s.s.) 0 1.24 0 0 0.31
),ai.T6lgil its a5tliFi'lii5til55 a t ticr i nailites (J) 0 1.24 0 0 0. 11 i M hisifes notaties TJ) 1.24 2.49 0 0 0.9i l'IE5 lillen nep. {VI.) 1.24 2.49 0 0 0.9) lj im}pl>idl6ii stop. (t: ,) 1. # 1 0 0 0 0.9) -
I.claswel i nego. (El.) 0 0 1.24 0 0.31 % res cina ner. (s.t.) 0 0 1.24 0 0.31 CW iiiii.15Tif t r iasile i t . a's 'i a . 2 6 16.17 ' a . 'i a 51.62 f Total 11onsity" 46.02 152.90 28.61 90.no 19.60
En g,y TMil.f: v-14 (Coest lessed) Total t DdY C Hay D Caillect ed ami.I ' llay_ glijli[ X ik sie l t y_ D.a t' o. IMY. -I bME- MY S'!YM"Fjls{- }}ay, }jl.jlj[
=
4 25 Jul I 16.6 16.6 teot !;an.gil eil Hot Samgiloil 153.2
~V51 ~. y water fillered (m l Hot Samgiled 367 31 116
- she, las van collectest ! l 2
pkt. lsevesil left Col lec t eel 1 0 1 No. aainito collected to liensi e y 4 1.asvae 4.57
- I,10 1.91 thes osiema cel>c.Il ~~ (t:f.) 143.60 D C'yTeEl eilsl.iii ' { IRi.) geniini 10.20 268.93 5.87 O 11.75 0.65 g3 I cy3er in ialan ( f.I.I ' 0 H. t;e negals at lica-luciders (l.I.)
3.30 S.48 ZQ I.10 15*.66 C I'l l'Imejifeinlos r.pgi. { Y t.I 4.5i i*liio6pl 51os ripp. (t ;I.) 2.61 0 6.51
- 1. ]f) 0.65 1.30 hh lij IEE31us iss g>'ionct at us ( .1)
I.clw nn15~iple.7il)~ I.10 I.10 0.65 til l-!!!iELsEanna silejrine (0) , 1.10 o , 0.65 O t-P 1.30 0 @ y'
'J II~Uilna c cognolaiiilf'(J) 15.66 125.13 70.50
" lihlilEiiE tYlatilo O D1 240.86 Oq Testal Density 41.78 4}9.95 E-t O
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/ gg asaT.M pv UHO:Ig nO I g _
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,I s
d n , a y 5 550565 7 dt 8 0 001010 3 ei s. . lt s 588e1 0 . 10701 100e0e 0 acn 3 0 2 . t ee 1 9 _ olD 2 1 Tl _ oI - C _ s _ t l _ 4 u m t 5 1 0 - h dd 5 5q 788e1 1 . 60s04 0ae00e a aep I 3 s 0 nN 9 t no o n Il A i e e t m i v e ne H T taL 0 8 l e ofe a ud I9 W7 D1 E 9 s] 58808 2 1 8 . 28e08 0 1 0ee00o 0 i y n ras eI v T , p b ms f CS 0 s . 0 un r EP 1 3 5 5 LV r nem e LB 68888 . o d O 4f 6 8 98I00 6 08000e 0 / d hc ei l o CR nil 2 2 n te A o a p r
)E i es o
'neR M t t
a y 8 2 s y t ae e eE Sa 88808 6 0 7ee40 00e00e 0 a mh g l V 4 4 r lt a
/I ~D 2 1 a !
aR n od ! E i rn r BO f ta e Ml 6s 5 l e Ule t 8 3 73 o at y NC hg 1 n n I 3 2S8S8 S . 8e348 0ee00e 1 se d E 4 . e ns n nii l 6 a S8 1 l 3 2 e c i e TT o n 1 fr p L i l h e UN t ~ l w l u DI a 3 3 e ae q A t y r n nr e T s a 2G0e0 e 0 56048 0e0880 0 o
.i aa DC D 5 2 h f 5 NE 3 3 S td ds o AS nn nt 3
- N h ea an e t s e v V SA ER r et l m i LT f 9 5 o rn pe ae s E I l M sl u L NR 2 q 2e000 e 0 3e030 00000a 9 s re l .
B EE i 0 6 - ee o c s A VV nN 2 1 rr dni n i T UI o 5 ap E - JS i n ef e t o st h , r
.? a 9 1 i eo tf . t Er t y t l an o.t y AD 30800 0 . 80aS0 0e000e 8 a i f l n
t VM t be orl RM AI sb 1 2 0 1 S or lg a sb d eu o s i EA s t ma s n R r s nu e ey
,T 15555 6 e ! e enf l SE *E 5 64444 3 v !t m o i -
GN E. i oo n et n eh ^ G EE lM l t04eS i 0 . 2 9e3s0 2 8e000o 1 d r ro t ll n euo e v t H nI l l 2 i e ol di u t iT o l / g ya t j o S i
- d nl iet n a t IT t 1 s - d FA a y 1 2 5 al pt n n 3-t ) a sae a n FT S a 200e0 0 . 7eS81 000O0e 0 n k am e o
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d eee o d eee oG[ . o a h seh i . hhdd n ii y e f E edtlt n edtlt nt .ep s vr B recl c i recl c ia n p S emwdwwol e M et eoe r et eoe r t pe a.l gi e bo u l a U t cl cl e.
, t cl c! e opc y h acnpnn l es ! el l t t l el ! h nas :3b t t t eioiier a
!l oso fl cec t
a i. il fl cec oso t a e 9a i s u Sp o ssesea l t o v e a o i .
. u l se&a 7a 3l n S l nwnnmg y f-rcet s e . rcst s sf5f eI e adeeeein t t e ant l o e ant I[t p - t emJmmxi i n t svel t evel igFa.[s n. an nhi ti ol s i agrvu wgaud t y
e g i. a gr v u wgaud y t srFec@apo e l a 1 ecceccrr n mt ev= epa e r p
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D 2~ e-l " L C PuA
. . SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL PIPORT
'i4NI 4 O M e e,9 am W O t#9 O e O me 6 =9 N 9m e @e M. =e0. O. W. M. ==eO.==. =. e
.= c e e m
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= 0, y 3 I i WW m e h l dad n. w. e. a.
w e s.eni=4 ** O e O O O O O O O * ** O O O O M C;31 Cl I .O
=
== 4 et 48 l et W 2*
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== eeNwCO COMOOOOOOO O ee C2 e ==
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he Q 0 -e a "3 % e t a t e w= 9 4.-e G g' ,,1 a ans C ed = 3 m = as = = = 2 3 == e g e g :w w .es .a 3 me 9 > @ == 2 3 21 = l = ". ;
== = ==ie l QO.t O n O' ti .=
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a 9 w C Ml i I 125
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT
- 1. .J..
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, , SECTION V DUQUESME LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT I
i river. Cyprinids (shiners and minnows) dominated the catch representing 60% and 89% of the intake and river samples, respectively. Unidentifiable larvae (damaged) accounted for 34% of the total catch in intake samples and 5% in river samples. Dorosoma copedianum (gizzard shad) were the second most abundant species in both the intake and river, representing 3.3% and 2.8% of the total catch, respectively. Percids (darters, yellow perch, walleye /sauger) constituted 2.3% of the larvae in the intake and 1.4% of the larvae in the river. Other taxa which comprised the remainder of the catch included quillback, logperch, centrarchids (sunfish), channel catfish and freshwater drum. One juvenile Percina coplandi (channel darter) was collected in both the river and intake samples. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1978) classifies the channel darter as indeterminate: "apparently threatened but insufficient data is currently available on which to base a reliable assessment of status." Spawnine Season Distribution No eggs or larvae were collected during the first survey (April 27). Evidence of spawning activity remained low 3 during May. Densities on May 10 and 24 were 7.15/100 m and 11.37/100 m 3 , respecti3 ely for the intake and 0.37/100 m3 and 3.20/100 m for the river. Percids dominated the collections while cyprinids occurred in low numbers. Stizestedien sp. larvae (walleye /sauger) werecoglectedonly on May 10 with densities ranging from 0.16/100 m in the river to 7.16/100 m3 in the intake. Peakdensityvagues werereportedinthejntakeonJune28 (360.11/100 m ) and July 25 (240.86/100 m ) . Cyprinids were the most abundant 3 with individual densities ranging from 1.30 to 429.82/100 m . Intake surveys conducted on June 14, July 11 and July 18 3 yielded lower total values ranging from 51.62 to 80.04/100 m . i concurrentriversurveysindicatedpeaktotaldgnsitieson June 14 (24.82/100 m 3 ) and July 18 (24.76/100 (1 .77/100mm) S) , Lower July 11 totaldensitgeswereseenonJune28(14.51/100m]). (11.16/100 m ) and July 25 The most abundant species were e rinids with density values ranging from 0.25 to 64.04/100 m . Only two unidentifiable eggs l were collected in the intake. In the river, egg densities ranged from 24.82 to 39.83/100 m3 for the period of June 14 to July 18. l 131 l l _ _ _ - - - -___ _ _ - _- l
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPCRT Comparison of Day and Night Data Dial sampling indicated the majority of ichthyoplankton was collected at night. Approximately 90% and 61% of the larvae were collected at night in the intake and river, respectively. s Similiar dial collection trends were exhibited in 1976, 1977 and 1978. The large percentage of ichthyoplankton collected , at night may be related to an attraction of larvae and ! juveniles to the illuminated intake structure and intake l 1 bays. Entrainment Losses Calculation of the percentage of larvae entrained compared to the number of larvae in the river was based on the formula: 00 Percent Entrained = r (Marcy 1976) where Ni = average number cf larvae per cubic meter in the 4ntake Fi = flow rate into the intake in m /sec Nr = average number of larvae per cubic meter in the river. Fr = average flow (m /sec) of the river past the plant. Intake flow rates were based on individual pump capacities in use on each sampling date. River flow data were obtained from Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO) (letter dated January 23, 1980 from Timothy J. VanEpps, Sr. Analyst, ORS ANCO) . The percentages of fish larvae entrained at the intake versus those in the river were calculated using mean monthly and daily flow data. The following are the results of these analyses: Based on Based on Mean Monthly Actual Daily l River Flow River Flow , 27 April 0% 0% l 10 May 2.47% 3.86%
- 24 May 0.49% 0.83%
14 June 0.96% 0.94% 28 June 7.78% 16.91% 11 July 2.58% 3.51% 18 July 1.36% 1.11% . 25 July 1.90% 2.28% l ! 132 i
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ICOLOGICAL REPORT Entrainment losses based on actual daily river flow ranged from 0.83 to 16.91%. Excluding the high June 28 percentage, the range would have been O.83 to 3.86%. Cyprinids accounted for the greatest percentage of larvae entrained. Summary and Conclusions Calculation of percentage of larvae entrained versu; that passing the plant indicated that withdrawal of water by the intake had little effect on the ichthyoplankton. Entrainment losses, excluding the June 28 percentage, were similar to values reported in 1976 (0. 85% to 6.38%) , 1977 (1.50% to 7.70%) and in 1978 (0.07 to 3.52%) . Cyprinids, which possess comparatively high reproductive capabilities, were entrained in the greatest numbers but their losses represent a negligible impact on their respective populations. t 133
.
- SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 1
l B. Phytoplankton Objective To determine the composition and abundance of phytoplankton entrained in the intake water system. Methods Plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton) entrainment samples were collected six times during one 24-hour period (every 4 hours) per month. These collections were initiated on the same day or within one day of river collections. Every four hours, a surface and bottom water sample from an operating intake bay was taken with a Kemmerer sampler. Surface and bottom waters were mixed and a 1 gal sample taken and preserved with Lugol's solution. All operating intake bays were sampled. In the laboratory, phytoplankton analysis was performed in accordance with procedures indentified fer river plankton. Densities (cells /ml) were calculated for taxa which comprised the 15 most abundant. Densities were tabulated for each of the six 4-hour periods. If more than one sample was collected for each 4-hour period, results were combined to present a mean density for that given time. An overall 24 hour mean was calculated for each of the 15 most abundant taxa. These means were compared to overall taxa means calculated for river samples. Comparison of Intake and River Samples Total number of phytoplankton antrained at the SVPS was similar to total number observed in the river (Figure V-10). Numbers of phytoplankton entrained were slightly less than those observed in the river, except during June. The most obvious differences were noted during winter and fall months, but these differences were not of ecological importance because phytoplankton is sparse during this time. The composition of phytoplankton in river and intake samples was similar. Densities of five of the most abundant taxa for each month were tabulated to demonstrate this similarity (Table V-36). During each month, numerically dominant taxa in the river were also dominant in intake samples. Although, densities for intake samples were somewhat lower than river { i 134
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPldPI i 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT 20,000 -
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0 l JAN l FE8 l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l DEC l 1979 FIGURE V-10 i MEAN TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR INTAKE AND l RIVER SAMPLES l BVPS 135
SECTION V DUQUES3E LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-36 COMPARISON OF FIVE PHYTOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES (Cells /ml) FOUND IN MONTHLY INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1979 BVPS Intake River JANUARY Chlorophyta I 20 23 Navicula cryotocephala 17 24 Small centrics 16 17 12 Schizothrix calcicola 20 Navicula viridula 8 12 FEBRUARY Small centrics 14 21 Micractinium pusillum 13 41 Synedra filiforn.is 13 21 Chlorophyta I 13 44 Asterionella formosa 11 17 MARCH Micractinium pusillum 16 27 Chlorophyta I 15 27 Small centrics 13 16 Asterionella formosa 12 34 Navicula viridula 7 8 APRIL Small centrics 411 700 Asterionella formosa 93 125 Chlorophyta I 37 47 Rhodomonas minuta 17 26 , Synura uvella 25 28 MAY Nitzschia acicularis 782 914 Small centrics 516 699 Asterionella formosa 314 202 Synedra ulna 259 206 Ankistrodesmus falcatus 167 111 JUNE Small centrics 1,217 1,192 Scenedesmus bicellularis 852 965 Micractinium pusillum 403 302 Ankistrodesmus falcatus 373 369 Chlorophyta I 372 306 136
. . SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAZ. ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-36 (Continued)
Intake River JULY Scenedesmus bicellularis 1,690 2,565 Chlorophyta I 1,660 1,480 Small centrics 1,533 1,305 Scenedesmus quadricauda 923 1,012 Melosira ambiana 700 688 AUGUST
. Scenedesmus bicellularis 1,080 1,162 Chlorophyta I 903 690 Small centrics 613 538 Crucigenia tetrapedia 407 402 Scenedesmus quadricauda 380 325 SEPTEMBER Chlorophyta I 787 908 Small centrics 720 715 Aphanicomenon fles-aquae 490 615 Schicothrix calcicola 430 615 i Scenedesmus quadricauda 407 352 OCTOBER Small centrics 77 95 Chlorophyta I 92 76 Navicula cryptocephala 32 50 Synedra filiformis 27 39 Asterionella formosa 30 2a NOVEMBER 261 Asterionella formosa 246 Chlorophyta I 148 199 Small centrics 132 190 Scenedesmus bicellularis 23 44 Navicula cryptocephala 24 21 l
DECEMBER Microflagellates 100 137 Small centrics 79 150 Asterionella formosa 75 91 Chlorophyta I 65 99 Diatoma vulgare 22 27 l l [ t 137 l l i
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLCGICAL REPORT densities, good portional agreement among the various taxa was noted. Those taxa which were most abundant in the river were also the most abundant in the intake samples. Shannon index values.for river and intake samples were plotted to furthe-. demonstrate similarity between intake and river phytoplankton (Figure V-ll) . There was good agreement between river and intake indices. Generally, both samples demonstrated a similar pattern. Summarv and Conclusions Results of monthly sampling of phytoplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure showed little difference in densities (cells /ml) and species com-position. During periods of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs), about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling system. Based on the similarity of density of phytoplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the very small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of phytoplankton is negligible, even under worst case conditions. 138
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\j U3 3.O - 1,1 2.0-l JAN l FEB l MAR l APH l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l DEC l 1979 FIGURE V- 11 HEAN PIlYTOPLANKTON SIIANNON DIVERSITY INDICES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES BVPS
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT C. Scoplankton objective To determine the composition and abundance of =coplankton entrained in the intake water system. Methods
~
Plankton entrainment samples, described in Section B, were collected for the purpose of counting both phytoplankton and
- coplankton. For =coplankton analysis, a well-mixed sample
, was taken and processed using the same procedures described for river :ooplankton samples. Densities (number /1) were calculated for taxa which comprised greater than 2% of the total. Densities were tabulated for each of the six 4-hour periods. If more than one sample was collected for each 4-hour sample, results were combined to present a mean density for that given time. An overall 24 hour mean was calculated for each taxa for the 24-hour period. These means were compared to overall taxa means for river samples. Comparison of Intake and River Samples , Total number of =coplankton entrained at the BVPS was similar to total number observed in the river (Figure V-12). During February, river samples were collected from shore because severe winter conditions precluded normal transect sampling. These shore samples exhibited fewer numbers of zooplankton than did the intake samples. The composition of =coplankton was similar in river and intake samples. Protozoans and rotifers were predominant, while crustaceans were sparse. Densities of four of the most abundant taxa for each month were compared (Table V-37) . This comparison showed that the same taxa were present in both river and intake samples and they were present in similar quantities. Shannon index values for river and intake samples were also similar (Figure V-13) , further demonstrating similarity between river and intake =coplankton. 140
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O l JAN l FEB l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l DEC l 1979 FIGURE V-12 MEAN TOTAL ZOOPLANKTON DENSITIES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES BVPS
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V -37 COMPARISON OF FOUR ZOOPLANKTON TAXA DENSITIES l (Number /l) FOUND IN MONTHLY INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES DURING 1979. BVPS January Intake River Vorticella sp. 125 178 Arcella sp. 37 24 Codonella cratera 28 17 Difflugia sp. 28 16 February Vorticella sp. 123 24 Codonella cratera 75 5 Arcella sp. 49 7 Difflugia sp. 42 1 March Vorticella sp. 42 46 Arcella sp. 17 12 Askenasia sp. 13 . 29 Codonella cratera 12 17 April Vorticella sp. 55 86 Codonella cratera 33 44 Askenasia sp. 20 26 Acrocisthium sp. 13 24 May Vorticella sp. 978 1316 Strombilidium viride -152 229 Holophyrid ciliate 93 162 Codonella cratera 66 35 l i June Strombilidium viride 468 136 vortice11a sp. 226 156 keratella cochlearis 95 48 i Strombilidium cyrans 94 26 l 142
SECTION W DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT TABLE V-37 (Continued) Intake River July Karatella cochlearis 1142 1389 Strobilidium ayrans 713 7 Polyarthra dolichoptera 529 522 Acanthocystis sp. 138 98 August Karate 11a cochlearis 1000 937 Polyarthra dolichoptera 527 766 Brachionus budapestinensis 177 478 Polyarthra vulgaris 372 222 September Strobilidium gyrans 354 16 Vortice11a sp. 302 222 Codonella cratera 192 168 Arcella sp. 122 98 October Codonella cratera - 88 112 Vortice11a sp. 52 56 Epistylis sp. 18 32 Arcella sp. 33 28 November Vortice11a sp. 173 246 cvelotrichium sp. 48 41 Codonella cratera 28 25 Keratella cochlearis 10 20 December Vortice11a sp. 108 159 Bdelloidea 88 88 CycfoWienium sp. 24 60 Keratella cochlearis 12 40 l 143
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08 L< g 2.5 - I P j l / O tl sa a 2.0 - l JAN l FEB l MAR l APR l MAY l JUN l JUL l AUG l SEP l OCT l NOV l DEC l 1979 FIGURE V- 13 NEAN ZOOPLANKTON SIIANNON DIVERSITY INDICES FOR INTAKE AND RIVER SAMPLES DVPS
SECTION V DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY l@79 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Summary and Conclusions Results of monthly sampling of zooplankton in the Ohio River near BVPS and within the intake structure showed little difference in densities (number /1) and species composition. During periods of minimum low river flow (5000 cfs) , about 1.25% of the river would be withdrawn into the condenser cooling sytem. Based on the similarity of density of zooplankton in the river and the BVPS intake structure, and the very small amount of water withdrawn from the river, the loss of zooplankton is negligible, even under worst case conditions. l l 145 ? l
SECTION VI DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT VI MONITORING PROGRAM (. TERRESTRIAL) The Terrestrial Ecological Survey conducted at the Beaver Valley Power Station includes infrared aerial photography and soil chemistry. Aerial photography is scheduled on alternate even years (1976, 1978, 19 80, etc. ) whereas, soil sampling is performed every five years (1978, 1983, etc.). Migratory bird studies were performed annually until 1978, at which time they were discontinued since the effects of the cooling tower on migratory birds were found negligible. There were no terrestrial monitoring requirements during
. 1979 at the Beaver Valley Power Station.
In the 1978 report, soil sampling point 2-1 revealed a slight pH level increase from that noted previously. This point was sampled again during 1979 and analy=ed to determine if any increase had occurred since the previous sampling period. The investigation level for pH is 4.70 and was established as + 10% of the average of the original 75 baseline samples. The pH results for December 1978 exceeded the investigation
~
level by 0.04 pH units. The mean pH during June 1979 decreased but still exceeded this level by 0.01 pH units. All specific conductance values were well below the investi-gation level of 0.48 mmhos. The following summarizes the analytical results for the soil sample taken at location 2-1. Figure VI-l shows the location of soil sampling Site #2-1. I i 146 l
SECTION VI DUQUESWE 2.IGET COMPM!*f 1979 AMTUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT Sampling Point 2-1 Specific Conductance, mmhos
.- - - - - pH - - - - -
Samoling Point December 1978 June 1979 December 1978 June 1979 0 degrees 2 feet 4.55 4.87 0.107 0.232 - O degrees 4 feet 4.59 4.55 0.128 0.155 0 degrees 6 feet 5.01 4.69 0.163 0.139
'O degrees 8 feet 4.62 4.50 0.141 0.102 0 degrees 10 feet 4.82 4.75 0.175 0.175 120 degrees 2 feet 4.47 4.49 0.112 0.127 120 degrees 4 feet 4.59 4.95 0.110 0.124 120 degrees 6 feet 4.82 4.90 0.124 0.165 120 degrees 8 feet 4.82 4.99 0.152 0.1 S}
120 degrees 10 feet 4.65 4.60 0.142 0.119 240 degrees 2 feet 4.92 4.59 0.210 0.145 240 degrees 4 feet 4.87 4.80 0.146 0.201 240 degrees 6 feet 5.09 4.50 0.149 0.145 240 degrees 8 feet 4.62 4.68 0.127 0.140 240 degrees 10 feet 4.65 4.80 0.1 01 0,132 Mean 4.74 4.71 0.139 0.153 Standard Deviation 0.17 0.17 0.028 0.035 Standard Error 0.043 0.043 0.007 0.009 e n 147 l
SECTION *.'I - DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPMPI 1979 MINUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT T.,
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SECTION VII DUQUESNE LIGHT COMPANY 1979 ANNUAL ECOLOGICAL REPORT l VII REFERENCES Bailey, R. M. Chairman. 1970. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Spec. Publ. No. 6. Am. Fish. Soc., Washington, D.C. 150 pp. Carlander, K. D. 1969. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Vol. 1, Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames, Iowa. 752 p. Carlander, K. D. 1977. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Vol. II, Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames, Iowa 431 p. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 19.78 1979 Pennsylvania Collectors Permit. ! Dahlberg, M. D. and E. P. Odum. 1970. Annual cycles of I species occurrence, abundance and diversity in Georgia
} estuarine fish populations. Am. Midl. Nat. 83:382-392.
EPA. 1973. Biological field and laboratory methods. IPA-670/4-73-001. Cincinnati, OH. Entchinson, G. E. 1967. A treatise on limnology. Vol. 2, Introduction to lake biology and the limnoplankton. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 1115 pp. Hynes, E. B. N. 1970. The ecology of running waters. Univ. Toronto Press, Toronto. Marey, B. C. 1976. Planktonic fish eggs and larvae of the lower Connecticut River and'the effects of the Connecticut Yankee Plant, including entrainment. In: D. Merriman and L. Thorpe (eds . ) , The Connecticut River ecological study: the impact of a nuclear power plant. Am. Fish. Soc. Monogr. No. 1, 3 139. Pielou, E. C. 1969. An introduction to mathematical ecology. Wiley Interscience, Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. Scott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Bd. Canada. Bulletin 184. 966 pp. Winner, J. M. 1975. Zocplankton. In: B. A. Whitton, ed. River ecology. Univ. Calif. press. Berkeley and Los Angeles. pp. 155-169. i I 149 l l l l l < ,}}