ML19308C607

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Workshop Matl for State Review of NRC Site Suitability Criteria for High Level Radwaste Repositories
ML19308C607
Person / Time
Issue date: 09/30/1977
From:
NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
To:
References
FRN-44FR61372, RULE-PR-50, RULE-PR-51 II-20, NUREG-0326, NUREG-326, PB-272-082, PB-272-82, NUDOCS 8001300593
Download: ML19308C607 (35)
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Natmaal Technical Informaten Service PB 272 082 Workshop Material for State Review of USNRC Site

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Suitability Criterio for High-level Radioactive Waste Repositories Nuclear Regulator Commission, Westington, D.C.

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u s Auctt An necutAroav comuission BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET NUREG-0326 4 f a 1 L E AN O $te8 t e fit A mf V4ai. air %e. e' diparap* d sri 2 ete =* a.aias Workshop Material for State Review of Site Suitability l

Criteria for Hign-Level Waste Repositories 3 Hec,P,tur s Acce ssios o N/A 1 Ag T **0 H di b O AIF HE F4'H T CM'PL E Tf D MC Waste Management. Staff l*1977 e '"

  • aa August f

7 Pt Hf ONUING OHGA%se Af EON N Avt AND U AsL t%G ADONE sS ##ac%.ar f.p Corsef D ATE HE POHI iSSv6 D l

l iaa Waste Manage'nent e sa Sep terter 1977 Division of Fuel Cycle and f#aterial Safety Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards 6~'*"'"

U. S. Mclear Regulatory Conrnission an hinntnn. nr 2n;cs

<t** < * *'ai i2 sco%soH.%c Oaca%.e A rio %4ve 4 o u A Li c AoOHess,,,.., f, C,.,,

Office of State Prograr:s U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Cornission

,, cgy,,,c, g g Washington. 0.C.

20555 N/A IJ T D Pt OF HI POR T pg a.oo cov g Hg o esecep,, 94 spas Material prepared fit use in NRC sponsored workshop N/A

% SUPPLEVE N T A847 %0rt s 34 etc., u a s N/A is anst.iact etv.

.u, This doctment contains a discussion of the NRC staff's Preliminary Site Suitability Criteria f.

HLW repositories, questions and issues with regard to those criteria to be discused by workshop participants and background inforvation on the Federal and NRC HLW management progrr'ts and responsibilities to fact)iiate inforned (iscussion.

17 at v nOHDS A%Q DOCuVE NT 4%ALY$t$

Ila L(SCHiPIOH5 t ri, sot % tie nt Hs opt % t %ot O tt Hus is AV AIL Astlef v ST Af t Vt NT 11 se cuHe f y CL Ass Ifa.s reparts 21 No os PAGt s

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NUREG 0326 i

9 WORKSHOP MATERIAL FOR STATE REVIEW OF USNRC SITE SUITABILITY CRITERIA FOR HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE REPOSITORIES 1

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Manuscript Completed: August 1977

. s" Date Published: September 1977 Waste Management Program Division of Fuel Cycle and Mater al Safety Of fice of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555

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TABLE OF CONTENTS SECT 80NS Page 4

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'NTRODUCT'CN 1

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to SAVPLE QUESTIONS assuES TO BE ADDRESSED 2

178 GLOSSARY 3

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  1. RELivsN ARY SITE SuiTA8 LIT
  • CRITERIA FOR HIGH LEVEL WASTE R E POS4 TORIES 6

v OR AFT OUTLINE OF HtGH LEVEL WASTE REPOSsTCRY SITE SUITABILITY CRITE RI A - ENvlRONMENTAL IVPACT STATEVENT 10 VI NRC AND HsGHLEVEL R ADICACTsvE WASTE MAN AGEMENT 13 vis U S ERD A REPCSITORY CONCEPTUAL DESIGN INFORVATION 22 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE S9e t.

CONCEPTUAL REPOSITORY SITE 5

2.

FEDER(' HIGH LEVEt, fASTF MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY 14 l

,I w' 7.TE VAN AGEMENT REGULATIONS 16 U.

4 HLW REPOS TORY LICE'1 NG PROGRt '

21 s

5.

StuPLIFIED CUTAtrAY OF REPOSATORY 23 6.

ESTIMATED FEDERAL REPOSITORY LAND AREA $

24 7.

GEOLOG.., TE RVINAL STOR AGE - GENER AL PLAN 26 8.

ROCK SALT DEPOSITS N THE tlNsTED STATES (AFTER PIERCE AND RICH. O S.G S PULL.1148) 27 9.

ARGILLACEOUS FORVAf TONS IN UNITED STATES.

28 10 CRYSTALLINE FORMATIONS IN UNITED STATES 29 II

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f. INTRODUCTION The d.sposal of h.ptevet nuciest eastes.s one of the most emportaet essues now f ac:ng Federal energy agencies The U. 5 Energy Research and Devetoonnent Aden.n.strat.on IE RD Al* has been author tid Dy t%e Congresa to oevesco repos tor.es for h.g%4evei =estes (Hi.M *
  • and.ts scecose ca.as for an opeation44 f ac.e.tv by 1985 The U $< Nuclear Regulatory Comm.spon 1N00 has 1.cens.ng and rev.Natory sutnor.fy over E RO A repos. tor es 'or d.sposa8 of HLW..nclud.ng autnor.tv to set s.tirsg ca.ter.a me.ch E RD A repot tories woud be rerJuered to meet pr.or to NRC I.cens.ng NRC.1 develop ng criteria on wh ch to 3,oge whether a proposed s te tot a geolotc repository.s I

su. tab.e. e e..s capable of conta.erng waste for per.ods of time accouate to protect the tuonc Seadtn and sa'ety and the enveronment. Env.eonmtnt in th s regard can tw ta=en in a bec,ad sense as.ncluJang not onsy g

.mpact on t>ota, tatt socoecanom.c impacts as nett. The n.t.as techn.ca' an+ys.s has been performed and peet re. nary cr.terea have been developed by the NRC staf f. N RC es now e=Wuating the cr.taria and as. ass ng the.f emoacts To a.o an its a,,1vs1 and assessment. NRC.s planning three early.ruseoendent revews of me 5.te d

su.tabel.ty Critena oevetooment effort' a peer rev+ew by esperts outs.de of Nr4C. A rev.ew by the Notonal Academy of Sciences. and a rev.ew by State ott.c.als. All three c.v.e*s are entended to assure (1) that nr.,

important re.evant f actor nas been m sted.n tSe analvs.t. W that tf5e analvs.s.s sound, and (M t*aat the cr.ter a are bot % understandacse and capable of apo6. cat.on For Sure rew.ew. NRC is hoading three ret one woreshoos (Eastern. Ce,trv. and Western Un.ted *;tatest to d scuss the pret m nary sete su tat >6.tv criter.a. The governors and le9sJat ve leadersti.D of each State wave, been.Mu* fed to seed representatives to dart Cepate n any Orte of the three worksticos.

At the wmkshops, after a br.ef pienary seston partic' pants w.il be ass. greed 13 smada descuss.c a youos.

The subsect of each discussion group will be the Prei.m. nary NRC S.te Su.ta%fy Cr ter a contait ed n Sect.on IV o' en.s document. The d,scuss.on groups wise te cha.es1 by State off.ce.s se4ected by the NRC from among the *0rasnoo participants. Each part.c pant and d.scuss.on cha.rpenon are be.r g provioed.n en s pactaw w th a set of Osest.0^t assues to gJ.de dasCuss.on on t%e Criter a. All discuss.on group *. 9 be requested to prepare a short report *n.ch addresses the G.restions. 'ss.ses.dtntif; 1 #5d C sCuss. ors CD+rDersons will presta.t these reports to fne workshop cos t g plenary sess.on. T.me w.st also be provided at the clos.ng p.enare for add t onal d sCussion and 4ssentietg oo.rt.ons-Idormation developed at the woe'thops will be Considered in the NRC staff's preparat.on of s te su tab 4.tv cr.ter a Dr.or to comp et.ng the everust on and.mpr '* assessment of the criter.a and s.sbm.fting supr. ate reCommeridat ons to the Comm u on A hnal report summant ng and analyting the results of tne nortsnops **41 tae forwaroed to each part.cipant.n January 1978u A proposed regaiat.on. supported by a draf t env.ronmental itC ct statement (OEISI. *.fi tw putSsned for putH.C comment in early 1978 and m.al be

'orwarded to workshop part.c pants and other part.es at that t.me.

This document has beeri prepared to a.4 vroekshoo part c. pants in undeestanding the Pret.m.narv S te Su tao.l ty Criteria and to peepare fI n to Contr.bute to an ev4Just.on of those Cnteria.

Ectois Note The rymarrver of m.s document has been formatteer to ano.e acreshoo partcourts to ri' se marprnal notec

  • Tr'e tarstens of ERDA arte transtonet'to the new Department of Energy tse me Department of Ene*gy Organ. tat on Att. habloc L an 95 9l. 91 Stat $65 I19??t j
    • ngh revre maste has a tent.c meur nq w.thon current NRC reputar.ons It as cer. nets an T.tre 10 Coor of fet*erar Repa at.ons. Part 50. Accend s F. as 'onows n9h reveo ins. n racescrave wastes' means tnose r

l acuarous sattes reasit.nq from the corrat.on of the f rst cycte soleent entexton system. or ocu.vvent en a Iko!*ty for repectess.ng rkt.ated vextor fuers " for the purposes of these Mora shocs MLW wal pso or'clude tvent fuel.

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II. SAMPLE QUESTIONS /1SSUES TO BE ADORESSED 1

Cors tN scope of tne pre..rn= nary s.te sa tao.a.ty criteria. as outt.ned Dv tM maior Concepts.o t*ie pretem. nary criteria address the essues of prsnC< pal.nterest :o t*w States en s.t rg a MLW repos.toryP 19 not, what enacor erest shCP,ld be aOoed or subtracteC' 2

W ** 9 each ma or CONE't area 8.sted 9 !*e pret.m. nary Cr ter.3 do the r

CMJeral'ons addretted also address t*4.ssues of.Pte'est to the States' le no. now ceuo tne criter.4 tw wt.ed. nave.e ce9.tted any er'*por1 ant Cons. derat.or%'

1 Shou 6d the Cr. terse be ** ghted to gne.r900rtance to one Cr.ite.on over arctNrP What process;ess Could t]sp used to g.ve *e.gh' to a pa.-.svlar cr. tee.on or set of creersa7 Shcuid tawe to meet any 5.nya criter.on De teeson for eaCfsd.rq a proposed s.teP 4

W"at role should can me States play n s. ting a HLW repos. tory (e g, brq partses to 6.ce<5rg proceed.rs;s, partsc. pat.ng.n po.nt Federals State s.t.ng c5ec s.om. ce *orm ng enue Der 9entai assessmentsa' S

W*at are some of trae mal types of taas or statutes under en en States t' ave a ro+e n s.t.ng a HLW repos. tory {e g, tand use piann.ng, meastn and safetyl' 6

W%at approacnes acv4 be appropria arac effective to aswee tnat iocaa CO% Tens are reconCoed witft nat.W requdements mit*l respect to P

acCrow.ng a s.te Ior a M* repos. tory 7.

w%can of tne.ssues. ated to site surao.l.tv coud best me assessed Ov sne States rat 9er tne W NRC? In eat news could States cor; tw to tw assenwents and oeces.ons *no m st de made ev NRC on s te u

w. tao.s.tvP ww t ssues.nd. rect.e ee4ated to s.te w.tae.iity te 9, % t pi. city of 8

a s.tes. deve'ocnng coacur'ent alternates to geoiogic eepos. tories, and et west snouns the NRC cons. der in orsenco.ng s.te su. tao.a.ty cntere s and n making 'scens.ag cecis.ons?

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Ill. GLOSSARY borner: One e-w at en the mult. component sestem for waste contae enent and esclatoon prov.ded by the repo6. tory system. The components ettcrude, thet are not 1.tneted to.

I.

Isolation of *tste froffs potefitial transport mechan.sms 2.

Lemetery waste mot >8.tv within the depotatory 3

L.m.t. g wasee transpori througn barr.ee and tm f ter roaes 4

Lim.t ng teempost to man through environetentas patheavs 4

berrier tone: The subterranean region an.ch wol prov.de me syste of natural barriers agaenst transoort of the nMte from the deposetory Tee barteet tone will be centered at the oepos. tory and have a ead.us we.cn wise be deierrruned by Me spec fet s.te CnataCteristics, t>osonare: Ane actus. ce potentsat surf ace or se,wurf ace. tafe support.*q a.a or erater syttem, buffer tone: Annular region twynneng at outer boundary of me barrier sone to a cittance soe% ate to Grotect against me dsruption of the repos. tory system by man induced astiv tnes.

g. dr.IIeng, orep escavat.oas. The es tent of the buffer tone seis be determ.ned tr, me este speCr'C CharaCteresteCS Contaenment: The prever,t.on or retarde an of aaste transport maougrt me geog.,droeog* Cal system %strOur'd6,. the depo 9 story deep geolog. css disc 3 Emenacement of.Mtes aimen of bener. acero-pr" 1 geolog* Cat fortnations, usually at 1toths of thousands of feet, diep geom ' ',, J 3. Natur883V C".Curreng med a en the eart9t's Crust at a depth tetow the f.nd surf aCf suff. Cent to ensu*e that me effecs of geO89q'C.poCestes aClive at or near the surface and acts of reati retett=ng from foss of admen.strative Control w'll'not Comprom se the entegrity of the reposatory.

I deposetory: A subterranean Cavern eucavated in a deep geoa rycal medeum vr o

o the desposas of nuclear matte.

deposetory decomm'ssaorurig Fenal backfillettsk seaseng, and esciateon of *he depository af ter whech teme te entry es not antcpateJ.

emplacement med.um: The geoaog cal med.um en==a ch the depository ar=81 be estavsted.

esolation: The empaatement of wastes en such a way as to isolate them from Actent.aa transport mecharusms, leaCheng Subsecting a matereat to the M tion of perColat ng wate* Oe ot**er Inwd that temoves of separates soeuble Components moestormg: A routine program to measure the cuantity of 'he discnarm from a neste desposas operation and meer ernpact on the surrourus ag

'ti on or to measure changes en phys. cal. Chemicas, or b odotcal Characterest cs of the s.te.

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l reasonably ach.e,abse: That who es capable of bem ach.evoo based on b.**ncing the state of technoicriv. The eConom*CS of *mprover*ee3 Fd the ovaail repos. tory system effectevenst en retat+on to W9 t3 to W publ4 health and Safety and eneworwnental, loc.etal, loCN aC f aC f os t.

remtory $ste: The eetere re906, tubteff anean and Surf ace, esteMag ?3 **e outer bounderv of the butfe' EOne, wh@ well be oeed W Ccet94t2 by the Federal government for the puept4? of HLW de100541 surrounderig strata: The geologic Strata acove, beion, ano ad,acent to ce Straturn wh*Ch Conta.nl the erPDescrment meogam.

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-. 3 IV. PRELIMINARY $1TE StalTA8tLITY CRITERIA Gri HICH LEVtil WASTE REPOSITORIES Introduct>on ins p..oo.e of th s dc<ument is to descr be the conceptuas frarrewo a uoun en<n NRC proposes to devetost t te su tatne.ty cr.ter:a for h.qh fe*4 e.atte regnos.for es ProCaused $.te Su. tab! ty Cr.ter a. ween puDsiM.n early l')?$

..li twesent a set n8 m.n. mum reou eements to be rNt Or a reous. tory se te Ihe crater.a.Tuded.#. the doca # Ment are es#Ptbes of the typ*s of Criteria NRC.s cons. der.ng tu.mplemeat tne oarmos conce ts. These cf ter a a e.nctuoed as '~ straw mee

  • to eevt and rocus Jescut on Bom the crittr a r

49d the uNerly.ng Concepts rettect the thine ng of the.4RC staff. They Pave FMt been ret emed by the Comemssion not has any attemot been mye "O attacft Quantitat ve timets in PerleC1 Con 80rmar'ce with eneste, EPA ce NRC i mits 'or reieases of rad.vacteve mater. ass or other potect aly hatar1rvs westances. Where the concept of as love as reasonaof y sc'sevacke ( Al. Arl Al.5 used. 4.s uneig stcud that Al AR A re ear's as f ar below t.n'.es accept 40'e.4

  1. 'corSanCe *.th EP A and P.RC stargards se reasonat>y ace evave Trus. a s te. to be ons%2rred suitacie must pass muste* under "te Atorme E%e gr Act.

t.w Nat.onai Enviro.mmntas Poecv Act, ar.d geme a.ar accRaD e cav rone tentas sta7dards adopted by EPA Overview The goaa of the s.te su.tatait.tv criteria.s to ensure that s,tes se*ected 'or G sposas of higMeve' rad.oactive wastes e.sl menem..e the '.aet. hood of a harmful release of waste in the short tegen and Aring the est ce period Dw nattes rema.n potentiasly hasardows. The N AC staf f beneves mat m.s we can best be acb.eved by coes.de<eng tes resymfory and "se surround.ng ens.conmeet as a tengif. Cceptes system Th.s system.s O' cosed of the 8 tDos.for y s tlef f I nC?udersg all eeJpeeeved featurest and fMe riatgr a.f y occur.ag features of the surr<mnd.ng env onment Of cart.cwar con em are s

the geodotc and hydrolospC featuies of the environrricet 1*s f3CT, these 8estures will prow.de the prinC' pal protect on (Darriersi aganast the easta reach.ng the b ost/ tere. AltMough.t may be mposs.b84 to e.N a s.te *Nue each feature of enterest is at an opt mum state, e g, oct.m st u grosog>C Condelsons and optimum hydrolog.C Cond.teons. Thas 'P(, mot be necessary.

{

Instead a balance Can be struck between the geofo9c. hydrolog*C and eftgenrered featWet of the reposatosy system as a whose so Pat fMe ent.re repos tory system writt ensure protectsors of Mars and h.s eneworvnent. e e,

overael system peeformasce et prime.mpoetance.

C.was and Proposed Criteria 1.

Ownershop and Control Concept To ensure that rm.nadvertent activ.: es comprom.se the.ntegr.tv of the repository system, the appt cant must esercise er'etteve Contros j

over the proposed sete before the Comm.ss on authorstes comreence I

ment of Const action. e e. s.nkang an en080, story shatt.

i e

i i

F

Proposent Cruteroor-a The repository sate shouid be controlled by the United States Cuve nment. Th.s controa should include the pron t>t.on of oil act v t es enclud nq m.n.ng and empforation for m.nera.s anch ma, enter *ere with repos. tory operat.on or advertesy af fect the ntegr.tv of the rete.torv.

II.

Ntural Character'stics of th' I

Concent T%e repos. tory S te shouid crow de mutt ole success.ve natural barnees aga r st the re' esse of rad.oactivity or rad.oactive for other potentiany hazardouts auterials contained in tf e waste. One enamose of a raatueal bevrier to waste reesse e.owd be the absence of water, a e.,

the acsence of a transoort mechan.sm. Anot'ier barrier m.ght be a hvdroegic regime er, an.ch water moves so slowly that tPe waste well cecay to ennocuous levets before reacning the beosobere 3 milarty. a geo8og< 'etting can be chosers *nere the rocks or sed enerits have pecoe-ties such taat t $e waste woufd be removed from the water by absorct on or. ort etCnanQe or or to the wastes reaching tfve b osonere, in order tc have cont dence in the effect.veness et ***e natural b*.re e*4st en the short term and en the future, we will req'a re the sete to te tocated in a repon of lon9 tesm geosog c stab.s.tv. That s to say. the site repon should riot have esperienced events which wound acwersely af+ect the repository *or geo.og calfs significant periods of time.

Vre will reou re the aJoncant to demonstrate througri the use of anaa tcal :noca ennen recresent the prooosed site, that the overe;l v

effect veness of the barriers to waste transoort is adecuate to recuce waste releases te verv sow *eveis asso.ning any credible fa.uies. This meses inat the system must crow.de effective measures or protection even 3 an unforeseen event ooes occur Re# eases f ror-i a repos4to y even those !nat result from uneapected accidents woukt most l' hey result en slow releases of radioactivity not abrupt f arge releases. Thus, we will require that repositor es be s.ted such that of reivases uo occur due to some u toward event. the resultant concentrations en potentiatly n

potatue water supos es would only be a small fraction of the limits specif.ed en the Cornmess.on's regulations for radioactive material releases to unrestrated areas.

It should a.so he oemonstrated that a particular sete and its naturas barriers are cor *oatibee =>th the type of waste for wNch the repes. tory es entended. In this regard, we are part cularfy concerned that the thermal, chemical, and radiological ef fects of the maste ao not cornprois.se toe toag-terns effectiveness of the reoository system.

Proposed Crutersa P

The repos. tory s.te shouid prov de a system of mutt o.e. naturally occuer og barriers to waste transport.

c No reasonably foreseeabie events whether espected or paanned, should result in s.gn.f cant rad.oiog. cal re* eases to the env-onment at any t'rae over the required Ofe of the repos.tosy.

d.

Rad onociale conceetrat.ons en any parhway to man, at the first I

point o' reasonable access.t>bty, should be as low as es reasonably t

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r achievable and m any case shall not esceed a small fraction of the Ism.ts specif ed en 10 CFR, Part 20. Appendix 8. TatWe 11 Cosumn 2 cons dermg any credible failure or combonaten of f ailures m the system.

The geolog cal med um snoi.8,2 be such tnt the use of state ut e.

tv art techn aues for site emptorat cin. sutaterrarstan constructeon art cesository Cecommiss.oning wis t not comor::mse the long term e'fectiveness of tne resmtory.

f The grosorfc. med.um snous2 de such tnt enem<ar. radiolet scal, and the< mal effects of the maste on tne repos.torv **88 not comoromete the long term effectiveness of the recostorg.

The rems.fory site shou o de sno*n to be rioshcasiv stable.

e..

4 s

et shadl not hJve caperienceo geolo9cai events cr#M fne Dast 107 year period of a tyrw and magri.tude sucn t* tat tne forv'erm eHectiveness of the repository couso be covipromesed nere s.amac events to occur at some future time.

Concept Althougrt mp>rtant for other reasons ment'oned bef.nr. et should be added here that the site should not of fer an as owe " target" for a

future generat.ons seekerig natural resources. If t"w possabotery exists that some valuatWe natural resource es D.

ant. +t mil be necessary to shove that Credible attempts to recover the rekvce wil not have moverse consecuences on the effect veness of the 'eDosstory to tsolate the radioactive wastes from *be enveroriment.

in evatuJteng the su'tabetsty of 3.. seteCular $4?e we bet. eve that m aod.t on to the oetasted seces performed at the actuas $.te. it mill be necessary to cons.de *

  • ology of tne surreuccag a at seast in reconnassance f " w.

.,,ene dr!!ance from the S.*e. La reactor sit 6ng.

we conseder the reg.m win.n a 200 mile radius of tase s.te. Thes.s probstWy an appropriate distance f 7 reoositc'y-s teg purposes as west.

but may vary from site to s.te cepend.nq on the gec*otc compwmity of the respon.

8.:

Atiposed Crit "4 h.

The repos, tory s te snould have enaracterr ecs such that the consemeences of unotanned mirusaons caused by e t'ser naturae events oe by acts of man w.41 be as low as reasonay ach.eva:>ne.

Determmat ons of s.te suitab.t.tv should cor e tne results of geo.og cal invest.gations entenoing 13 a radius of acwponematetv 200 miles from the repeatory and sec.uld cce's' der the potential effects and NaCJtiC*ls of suCh enwest.gJteons ort tete mtegr't, of the baereers to neste transDorf.

'Decer"vnessening of the reposetory nould entant seanng of arry s*ratts armr ceco *'rnesssonong of krtace fac Ist es

'8

i.

The actual or potentief sesource value of the repos tory site shound be such that et erst not un*ty deprae this or future generations of necessary and vatuatre resources.

Concept One of the factors ah.ch m st be cons cered.n sit.ng a ecoository u

4 the transportat.on of t*se waste to the s.te cd the associated resks. It 4 enteeesting to note that our preliminary studies show that the potent.at risk to the smbf.c from transportery wastes. sthough very low. enceeds the potent W risk to the pubi c tror9 the actual operat.on of the reposetory. For thes reason. if several geologically and hydro-tog.cally suitable sites are under cons deration, the site (si with the toer transoortation risks should be given pre *erence, subtect to such other cost and enviroetal cons.oerations as Ny be relevant.

Prope'ed Cnterra k

The site snou d be located with he cons deratiors g.ven to e

m.n m.tation of the risks associated with the transportation of wastes to the s.te.

lit.

Es ' oration. Tests.; and Construction Concept in addition to orow ding natural bare ers to radionu. 'Je trans-port. a su. tat >e site m st De cacme of maen a.m.ng structurae.ntegrity u

notnethstanoeg the

    • oacts cue to emp* oration, eaCJvation and scammiss.on.ng Procosed Cnirreon 8

Test.ng and C :woration techts.oues used an the selection and'or cemetooment of the sepos. tory site thould have been such that their poteat.al ef f ects on the ton 9 term ef fectiveness ofthe repository *.tl be ens.gn f. cant.

2 9

m~-

3 v-V. DRAFT OUTLINE OF HIGH LEVEL WASTE REPOSITO:4Y SITE sutta 5at.tTV CRITERIA ENVIRONMENT AL IMPACT STATEUE%T

  • I SUV'.1 A R Y A.

Obsest ves 1

A.stuse of tese Lbsect Rdemakiry 2

Nepose of the Enunocavat+ imox-state-e-t B.

Conclus.ons 1.

Lr9maey of En,.ronmen e smoac > av E**ecu 2.

Lerenaev of s+uation et A.teenat =es C.

Vethotoiogy 1.

Factors Cu s*Cefed n

2 f toact Evaivatiori 3

Cost Benet.t/ Res s Ev>uat on a

in THE Pf'3 POSED RULEMAKtNG A

The NRC Waste Vanyment boiyam S.

Deveiourwnt of Waste Manget Rewar.ons C.

HLWRSSC trno6emen'.ation D.

NRC Ressunsab.hty Urwiet HL'ARSSC til.

CCNSIDE R ATIONS IN DETER %t NtNG NT THE HLWRSSC

%OULt JE DEVELCPED The National Energy Pos.cy

~ d.

The Need 'or Escetncas Energe 1.

Provcted Nudeae Power Requiet re-u 2.

.ovected Fmsil Fue, Pw Requents and Ava. lac tv 3

C.

The Nucses, Fuce Cec.e

^

1.

%n..q 2.

Tearsouriat.on.e "laJ. ext we Wrv= a 3

Set Fuct Stoe4 4.

Nuciear Fwe Repeocessity a t*w uwd States r

5 High Levet Waste D.sumas n

(;

p' 6

Ptutons~.i Recycte 7.

Fuei Enr.chment L.

D.

Asternat..es to Geoeog.cas Disoosas 1.

Rete evabie kaf ' i Storag f acil.% RSSFi 2.

Separ4t.on and Teanstv% tat-on 3.

Other Methvos

(-

E.

Cocmes of Deeay

' lV CONSIDER AitONS FOR DEVE'.0 PING M:. ARSSC iGew,as tsw Wes.ch unt Be C..ns ite.co.n Dmi..ww L. i-? a' *L A ASSCl A

The Nat.e of itv Res=>sefcey 1.

Ge.nogicas D<so isa C.wwetas 2

Reos.ecrt Facc.t.es B

imewene of S.te Reiaters F xtes 1-Ge@vsicas Canuweat van a

Lithology ti Hv rtf ol@ y c

Geix hem.str y d

NysW aphy I

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Seismology f.

Effects of O matongv on Gevonys.cs 2.

Land the Cons.cerat.ons Poon at.on Dens.:,

s

. a.

b.

Natural Rescueces c.

Potent v Land uses 3

Soco Econorr.c Corstea ats a

Pe9onas Ecmom.cs b.

AestMet.cs '

c.

Kstoe.cas and Amtvowcv Sachgiound C.

Potensiv for En.. conn entas imox:

1 Rad.orog.ca. Impact Patent.as a.

A sk E.muat.on b.

Potect.ad Pathways c.

R sk Mooets 2.

Non Rao.odo9cas impact Potent.44 4.

Coestructe Stage b.

Coerat.ng Stage c.

L:sq Range V

ENVIRCNMENTAL IMPACT OF PHOPCSED CHITER8 A ISoecit.c Impacts of the Proopted Criterial Edoror's Note Beca.se at we generat rumre of the Cerrerra and the woor range of errvoronnwretal and socoeconomac condotions of possobte sures women the Untred Stns severat geolog*c regsons well be deferied and the folle.reng oetucts for eacM reg Ors 3.scussect 1.

E..iting Env.ronment a.

CroortvFCal EeJthres

  • J.

Soc oeconomic Factors c.

Ecolog. cal Systems and Beta d.

Es.st.ng n,.conmentas CLs.ty Factors e.

Access.t> site Factors 2.

Near Term imoacts a.

Rad.odog. cal tmoscts b.

bradiolog. Cal f enotCts 3.

Long Rg imoscts a.

Rad.osogicas imoscts b

Non ead.olog<a8 trnpacts 4

Econome and Social imoacts a.

Benefits b.

Costs VI ALTERNATIVES TO THE CRITERIA A.

No Action (not essue regulations) 8 Defer issuance of Ane Cr.tena at Present T.me C.

Other Criteria f asternative sets of criter al VII. COST.BENEFITsRISK EVALUATION A.

Entneering Econom.c impact Group 1.

Capital Costs 11

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-. = = - - - ~~ - - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ * - - - - ~ '

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2 2.

O&M Costs 3.

Transporia >on 4.

Construction Impact M f4 paten 5

Merit ve ues r

B Env. onmcitas Impect Group 1.

Ter#estas44 Ecosystem 2.

Auuat c Ecosystems 3.

Grouco.ater

' l 4

Armaner.c Em.ss n 5

W,. va.wes C.

Soc.osecas impact Grow

+

1.

Social and Commu%ty infrastructuee I

2.

Cwitataa Resources 3

Aesthetes 4.

Psicwoipcae imp # cations f-'

d S

Merit Vaues

~

D.

Radiolog cas impact Grow l.

8.oaog. cal Risks 2.

Merit Values E.

Summarv Vill APPROVALS AND CONSULTATICNS t

APPENDICES tas reau.redi I

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VI. NRC AND HIGHLEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT The purpose of th.s paper es to place NRC's devetocment of site suitadelity creterea for f%e4 eves waste repos.torees in oertoective *.th the overall Federal and NRC programs for manag. rig h.9%s nastes tHLWl. The scenario nnvolves.

1.

The roles of the Federal Government and tN respons.tye Federal agerv. es. and or regu'at ng HLW d spose. The f actors.n.oined 2.

The NRC program r a

w.th reptatig HLW will be discussed from a procedural standpoent, e e., hoa NRC dec&

4 Mat types of mastes must be piaced into the HLW repos. tory and

  • Mat aorm these wastes must be n.

What e,evstitutes an acceptable site for a reposetors.

What co..stra.nts must be placed cm deve*ooment and operation of a reco tory.

What mechan.sms witi be used to rew.ew proposed facil t es to deteemene.f they n.eet the above standards and will be safe.

Feak ral Responsetneity The Federas Government has responwa.tv to deve4op..mpeement.

operate and replate a program to manage d.soosM of HLW. These response-t>l ties have twen awgneo Dv the Congress to ~ee prm; 'Jat agenews. the Nuctear Replatory Comr.%ss.on (NRCI. the Erergy Research and Develop-nent Admen.stration IERDA) and the Env.ror.xnts Protection A pncy IEPA). The Unite States Geoiog. cal Su vey (USGSi saccorts me e*6rts of r

'he other agene.es :.w perform ng geolog c e,aiwat.ons acwee aor 7. ate. Tf'.

d.v.s.on of respons.o.a.t.es.: deo cted en F. pre 2 The oeiectrue of tw Fenerai pr~wam s to permwntly 'solate id<spose of t these wastes in recos. tor.es located in oeep stac>e geosc>>c formations.

The geology and the hvoro#ogy of the repos. tory 5.:e w.at prov.de multip8e natural barr.ers to waste trad.onucl.(sel tragret.on into man's environment.

The f.rst reposit y.* scheowled for operation.a 1981 ERDA has the Federal r ;Mnsib.l.ty to deveton. uemonstrate.. mote-ment and coerate hegMewet rad.oective maste repos. tories. Currently. ERDA es envestegr. ' g deep geosog.c formations in a number of geograph cal areas which might be t taE.1 %r disposal of HLW. E RD A.s est Sted to propose a site for disposal of comraerc as waste in m.c t978. Concurrent E RO A efforts are devoted to repos tory ces.gn and preparat on of a generic environmental am pact statement (CEISJ on the full scope of managing commeecial'y generated rad.oactive wastes from waste treatment and inter r i storage through transoortat on and f.nal disposas. The E RDA GEIS will evamine.

among other th.ngs, tne empacts of a number of f.nal d.sposas options.

The NRC has the respons b.8.tv to regutate and cense N gh leves waste repositories to insu.e t'se protect on of pues.c health and safety taking into cons. derat.on also 44.rapacts on the ane ronment. Tt.e NRC stall as devetoo.nq a reptatory tuse (performance cr teria and b: ens.ng procedurell aeeded to ensure t meir and appropriate letras ng occ s.ons. Performance criteria for sete su. tat >4.tv and des.gn of HLW repos. tor es and the formtpackaq.nq of t*w mastes to be placed in these repos. tor.es are sceseduled to t>e pubt.shed for puoi.c comment by spring of 1978 EPA ha the resoor.s.o.tity to set geae*ady apoa. cable enveronmental radiation protect.on standares for areas ouNde the boundar es of nuclear 13

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f aC.4.t.es. EPA psans to he., suc's Cv.tena set for HLW d.sponaa try the ents of 1977. NRC has respons Cad.te to asai,re that repos. tor.es eneet reou.rements set t>y EPA. EPA a go mas r ewee estat> shed repu'atory m?mor tv cur s.tborne reteases from.%c eat f ace.tes The SCCOe arWS SCBe&-es 08 t'te var *ous f eder48 prG83raml are 4 FeCted at meetenq the 1985 date or *ta. nq e operat.onas repos.torv.

NRC reCogn. des "at tN States have a s W. Cant ate est m and potent af for Contr'but On is tN oewe.opment of HLW re9 sat.ons. We feel

?*iat Oee of the pr.eme s'est Cf d**e'rlt and Contr. button es (*1at o' s.t ng, and tNef fure Pg AC deve'ca wat at tw s te tu tats.4 tv Cr terra T**us. *e have

  • .stituted a *r'eCnan.sm *or !N States to ree.tw our Crater:4 develupmerit noch.e ets prelemenary s?p T*e Governor and legislative fe&1e'sh 9 of each State have been ent.!ed to ber%3 representat vel to one Cf t*t'ee 899o848 aork6 Mops tC De held dum) te sat two we*ks.n September for state review of out $n el.rnenary S.te 6+ tab 8"ev Cf etecta. lHformateo.1 Ceve"oCed at the r

aorkshops e.;I be Cons.oered.a devetuo.ng proposed se stao.s ty Criteria lead I'te support ng Oratt E.eorimental smoaCt Statement DElSit to be smo 1<ihed for punt.C Cor-onent.n earty 1978 The propeed a.ter's a.48 tv seat to worksnop part.c.oants and omer part es for Comment at enat t.ree.

The NRC HLN 84snagesteet Program Nese NRC rega'at ans. 4 De structured to requste Contosmance meth a O sed set of menimum aCCrotac>e performance standards iteChn. Cat, social, artd envirunmenta0 ror maste "nanagement activities, aNie proved.ng for

ve.beesty en teChaolo9Cas acort.cs.

Theas f ations a.as de d.rected towards:

lsolateng raeoact.ve eastes from man and his ene=ronment for time penocs sest%ept to protect pube C %ealth arto Sa' f and to oreseree eenitonmers e 44Wes. and Reducing to as soar as reasonabir % eve *e feve+s.111 ftte risk to e

the pub 8.C Pest *t FC safety, and (2) longterm noC4AA Commet-ments luc *9 at laWwne swithdraaval, resource Comm.tment, lue-we.elance re'W Jneees., number of Commetted gates, etc.

Repations art the area of $6evet mastes mill address f

I.

Waste Cf alsefiCatson and he9t level waste sd.ds performance Creteria =

what wastes must tue placed anso a HLW repolitory 4"

. bat form these wastes t==4sst be en.

2.

S te suitathlety Creteria = #.at const.tutes art aCCeptaOne sete for a eepot*tof y.

3 Repoutory des. 3rt Cr.tena - what Co*stra.nts must be 04 aced on development en-t poeratsort of a reposetory.

4 Repository I.Ceasssa tororcations - what mechanisms==tf be used to rew ew proDoled f aC. lit 4'l L3 Otterret. rte of they will r" Wet the ab9te re9elaf.ons and **88 De sare IPe9Jte 3 deD. Cts the sCCoe of tentatswe NRC H LW re94 tat.org i let the Cate of soi.dn performance Criterea. site nuitabelety 3 '*tta and reposetory des.gn Critena, t*te Cn*ersa well endacate ftow the wante, the gate and t'te reposatory should De torm T%e NRC staff s also dese4co etg methods to en* bee et to endependentie astets nouw a proposed site or des.grt ordt act and e

m nether the pr ed'Cted AC143r'n edl eneet the meneerturft Acceptable e

perf or martCe.

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1 Fir 4ormence Cnteria for So ad.fsed H+ Levet Refuocessang Waetes e

For th.s effort me NRC staff is vs.ng a systems anWeses moces an.cn e.ons. dees the war.cass setuat.ons an.cn could lead to potential reeau of ad oective matee.a.s during handling, storage. transportation, and d.scosaa of h.gn 4evet so6d v.aste. A systems analysa approw well aaso be wsad to develop performance criteria for spect fuse to be d4 posed of m deep geo8ogpcal structuees Theee mechan.sms ae.ch contros the re.eaw of ead.oact.ve materia #s neve been dantif.ed volatil.aat.on, disoees.on of part.cutates. and sexh.ng tn water.

The pertoemance criteria wist en structured to eeou.re contros o* eacn of these mechanessm tuned on an anatys.s of the pathways eacn af'ects. *%e state of technoiogy for controit.ng each mecnanism. and basancing me :ost of contros age.nst the benet.ts en terms of seduced ee:ks to mdivabass and poou atons. Alm,augh the creter a m.44 be cerived from analyticas osteway s

stud.es 'or war.ous acc. dent scenet.os, the criteria will be set forth.a terms of empact res, stance, the. mal stat >lety. and Chem. cal stat >4.ty secludeng res.st-ante to teactung Oy watee en ordee to feoistate the testeg of potentief cand.date waste forms aga nst the crateria.

The res its octa ned to date end.cate mat the pre emplacernent waste environs may be more timetmg an estaos.sh.ng me soa.d waste performesce criteria thn the post emplacement env rons assummg waste emplacement m a staose grosog.c repository.

Weste Cass.facan si i

Anoths.

c.* the programs under way.s direc*ed at class.fyg wastes accord ng to the oc se of contenement necessary to ensues contamment of the wastes until they d*cav fu some acceptsode toerisk leves. Cr ya..s be estoped wh ch speedy which wates.

1.

R eos.re esos at.on en a Federal eeootstory - probably nigh 4evet eepeocess.nq wastes. soent fuel. and transuren.c contammated ente.

2.

Remere cone.nement.n a commercsaste operated waste dmoosas f acil tv procac8v reactor coerat.ng w es tes.

li e, shastow land t>4es aal Structural mateviais f,om re actor decommess.on.ng ano escoact ve ined.Cai wastes. and 1

Can be dispersed to the environment.

The criteres W.st, among othee th.ny. Soecify the h ghest peess.tde

land bunas arws me transuu n.c content of waites to be d.sposed of by shasteL recares by wn.ch fuet hulls must be d.sposed Togethee the waste caans.f. cat.on criteria and the HLW solidit cation critevia well specify enat must be cdeced in a repository and anat form the wai+e anus take.

S.te Swataf>tify Cntena Independent of ERDWs s.te wiect.on. NRC must develop critena on wh.ch to suspe whether a propowd s.te is so. table foe a HLW eepos. tory. A proposed site would be suitat,ie of.t is uoatde of conta.ning rac-onuouces foe perinds of t>r-e adewate to protect the pubsec hesith and sa'ety and es acceptatde bawd on environments 4 sincsuding soc occonom.cl concerns Devetopment c these ca. tee.a began en Aupst 1976 w th the format.m of an e

NRC Earm Sciences Task Foece to.dentav areas an.cn nevoed stuoy and potent at lim. ting cond tions for s.t.ng a HLW repog. tory. Subwwency, and w.m the a.d of an tdRC conteactor, pres.m. nary crit e.a tearm scme critena I

and othee nortearth science acceprence cr teria.nciuc.ng geograon.c. demo-grapruc, and soceoeconomic f actorst we,e developed. Those critena are now t>em9 evaluated and their erv. pacts assessed.Section IV of the document 11 l'

4 addresses en depett the pre *.m. nary critee.a and the conreo's pn form the bm4 of site su. tao.s.tv cr teria. An en, ronementaa empact asseument 4 being pr ec.ar ed and is tn compdated by ta e 19U. A pecoowd rewta.cn sucocried by a DEe5 4 scheduled to be smo shed f or comment.n earte 1971 The planned ear.es of State. ora ecos.5 scheduied so tnat.nformaton deve.cped the.e.n m.it De cons.dered en NRC's Creter.a Ceve coment eHort or or to carnpiet.ng t%e supportag draf t emironmenta epact statemeat.

Tao addaeonas revens a il be provoco or the Nat.onas Academe of Sc.e-ces. ar.d by a peer group of cogwrant espects outs.oe o feRCL A.e tPree r

rev e=s are intenced to anu.e it s tnat ro.*-cortant f actor %n enen m.swo n tre a a:viss. (21 enat tPe anatrs.s es wund. ante 834 that tnat er ter a are entn uriderstandatue ed cac=e of apphcat, Races, tory Des.ys Cnteria The NRC sta*f es estacosasag gene *m performance cr teria for Hl.W recce. tories. The criteria it.nctuoe sucn.sems as:

e (Leety assurance measures for oes.gn and coestruct.on.

e Reoa.eements for protect.cn asa nst natural checornena e

Perforrrance reuseremeats for containment barwer$.

e corroat t>'ery between matte forms and conta.nment med.4 e

Nuc*ea, safety requirements, e

Phys.cm orotect.on reos rements 8.-mont Meinc 3 W.th regard to metnods an.cn mal e.ucse NRC to.roceedently aswss hoe a proposed s te or des.gn mil act and avnether tne prod.cted act cas swi41 acceptaDie L. formece wa mal use two anaevtcal reiegt ttie mens am met %36 to pred.ct and assess oese pe-9ormaate.

1 Anaivticas.matnemat. cal mooets 4. e.,

transport and settems emes 4 modelst by see the e'ements of a proposal can ne evaswated, and 2.

Techn. cal procreares ah cti sc. tortn factors to be cormdered tw t%e staff.n B cens.ng evaluations and estaos.sh.ng boundary cond. tores for acceptab.l.tv (e S. standard ree.eus plans).

(-

w.

Add teonalty. NRC has two stuces under way to.deatify accrotarAe r4h ror accidental re*eaws from matte management operat or=s. At th.s stage.

tnt studes are d.rected at dent fy.ng metmods that cowd be e rpoved to wify acceptacee resa.

Repousory Uceassag Procedures With.6 some specif.ed repos tory tecens.ng procedu.es. N RC e t ut.1.re s

ait of tne above descr Ded cr.terna and aswssment too.s to re..e. an E ADA retc. tory appa.caton and to rname a t ce is.ng dec s.on as to eneerier tne prooowd repos. tory.s micouate to pectect publ.c hem-n and ut-te and en. onemental oues.tv In devetoong s.cem.ng procedures, the NRC sta**.s corereng botn t me*.riess and smos.c part.c. cat on. The tentat.ve repos tary t ceming procedures may be d.v.ord for descuts.on surcows..nso see pmaws: preliminary s te rev.ew, repos. tory devetoorment and repostorr ouerat.on. The seoceduees have been oeve*oped us.ng tae orewar procewees for rev.ew of large sue

  • cycie mater aes 1.ce ses. sucn as twee taor cat.on paats and uranium m.rts, as a po.nt of departure 18 l

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es..

heismanary Ste Revsew - It wmsto oe heptly deseable for ERDA to consult wth N9C Staff m the earry stages of its s.te sedection act v.tv. Th4 *ould enatee the NRC 5 sf f to pc.nt uut thow asoects a " a partcalar fxtesty type or locatson webCh on its fuC7"ent would reoaere speCael attentson. and he.p to def.ne the minds of nformat.oe that m.et be. eeced 'or the Comm.ss.on to maae.<emeng dec.seons. Trw.nteract.on betaeen hRC Sta't and E RD A wouw i.see, be consultative. T*at es. NRC wou'd prov.de ade<e. but tnere would be no 0.pd.ngs cr tormae adjud.cato,ry acbon by tne Cormt46.on.

ERDA w m,id rema.n at obarty to come forward witn any proposas to C >ntJam evitti Co..irrbst.on rega.seneents. and tee Cummon ort mouiJ be free, as tPe eveoence m.@t later marrant. to soprove or d4400 rove ths pecoosad.

However, a cocket would or estats.st'ed en Wash.ngton. O C. and loca8 pubesc document soorns where al rev.ew corresponoence could be peaced and erwet.rvp between NRC bratt and E RD A would be ooen to msb8.c attendance as en the case of commerc.44 8. cense appa. cat.ons.

Repoortory Deveropment - The licenseng procedures worand beg.n formally a,th tme fit.ng of an apos<ation for a '. cense by ERDA prior to corntwncement of construct.on. Upon docketing, not ce of the apod. cation

  • ou.d t>e publ4hed. A hearing would be held.I requested by an enterested person or of the Commas.on decided to hoed a hearing on.ts own n t.ative.

The proceeding could be d v'ded into s $ eras stales covering s(cuent.a4 oneses of the worm and enta.4.ng diffeeent ceterm. net.uns ta lored to the ac',e es a,tnotered to be conducted. Th.s wouid otoend on the protect schechte and the amount of information that s ava late.

M5 ether or not tne proceed.ngs are devioed into separate stages, the environmentas.mpacts associated ttti the protect would be rev.ewed.n adWCW of ConstruCleon. Tevs. at tne outset. proCaost preor to the s.nkang of any main shaf t, an env.rorrentaf ernpact sn ettment wow.d be prepared. The NRC's usual oractice is to prepare ett own em.carnentse.moact statement on the f < ens.nq action based.' a part on an env.conmentaa teo.

  • preoa ed by t%e i<ev se appi cant. If tm s pract.ce were fo8' owed. t%e Comrp4t*on could taae.nto Account ERf Ye own env.ronments. analys s tsuom.tted.6 the form of the environmentaa report). espec.a ly watts #ssisect to matiets af e

energv pol.cy entrusted to.: Ov law, as *eil as any determ. nations emch state and local agenc es may have made. but the uit. mate resoons.bJ.tv for the statement would rest upon the Corneness.orL The.n.t.a4 NRC review at th.s stage would 'take ento account to the esterit pract. cable on the bas.s of

)

ava.taone information. cons.oerat.ons set fortn m the Atome Energy Act ref at ng to the health and sa'ety of ttle pues.c.

Any review at th.s stage mould t.kety encompas a var.ety of watters inctuo.ng. re sst ernoortantry s.te suitab.nety. Concrossal ces.gn featu es of the repos tory and 08ans for supervisang Construction and codlect2ng data regreed for 8 tef stages of rev.ew. me@t also be reviewed. $ste sustab lety 4

wouid be esamened tx,th an the sense that the s.te 6tse*f wowirl be esam ned toe we%sitaO.4.tv for a groforPC sepository on env.ronmental or safety grouvidt and

.n the sense that alternet ve setts would be enamened from a1 e.tvaronmental or safety po.nt of Dew.

E ollow ng the rev.fw and any f' earing that may be he d.

the e

Cor' r 5.ss.on could uthorete construct.on to commence Some formas NRC f.nd eq would be made at thes point, perhaps mong t%e lines of a deter *Tunation that. based upon the ava f able enformat<n and review to date.

there 4 reasonable assurance that the proposed s.te es a gustable loCat.on for a groecg C reposstory of tf%e generat type and sete proposed from *9e stanopoent o* rad.olog. Cal fwalth and safety and environr% ental Cons. derat.ons. Because the information will necessariev be timeted at the time the Commisuon on t.at rev.ews the application. et Could elect to restreCl any authoural.com to a 19 r

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Dortaon of ifie ent

onstructe.#t ef fort, la tfiat Case, further proceedings

+ ated to te*na.n e.

't' evereg $ 4wes avuld IAtig be seQuired tsefoet the wine @sefit steps CCa d f.se.rheft 8cDCstf3rY OOera? cat - ERDA pould need to have a leCense from t'w

  • e tat 4sson befort.: mae Doss *St e%'Tilevel sad oaCtree Waste for lu g teem c

n co age at a geancepc e-pm. tore. A f. cec'se ao46d onty Le essu-d upon a 3*'.9 Ine revev of wa*!n, sJ'ete, and as aDpropriate, envieftamtet'a4 risveg.n

        • l gnt of III grC#*"#)C, h e*2rWJ)C, end OfnM $ le cea'ual on data oO!&ned 34'"99 **pos. tory cr***00r'e**t 429 eepof fs Cl e*ig e%ee's anu er'spectQrs *'In
  • *MwCT *o tne stri.e.* re t e stem. and compcrwnts ami of the f aCafy as a
    • o e. Of 'essts at 'esearcn arv3 oeve*opment pr:vams Carr.ed out to

'eSo' e on e quest n anent,tes m*wn proe autnor.aat,ons nere 9,,en. (4) p ass ar en.tias arvt ' Aterv Ccarestems. and 151 poses fcr. cent f e ng and e

'esponc ag to any pant e ca es eevases of ead.oact.ve mate'isls from *fie epos.tary The sccoe at in.s 'atee ee..e. novo oepend on tee amount of

%miste ava.eaue a**2 ine ar'ateveness of the NRC eeview at the erleet stap.

L4enne.tr'endr-wr=r i.4s Nec>cs - Tme NRC 5Iatt v eersiands inat E RC A's r

==at S e<dt oc*ude orce S.ur's 'ar eete esao.e.te 's stoned m.;.oals d eeing n.t.at e

f#iates 39 erposatoey Coc'at Ca's ** 14arce44 'est' 4tions wtf1 as retr cv aO s+te ce a i '**1t Jn amounts Se eetles 8'see Isren efepo%ce$.n tfte **1+tsJe f. Cense t0 sfOre matenars, an a nenome'91 t 2 '*** *e:Ms for e l<retse ed8 tse ecQG'evd prior to CJr**'UT**ftg

  • tste to *eetr*ev&De $MmM44 Ce be or to tne 'eCetot of addet Oeial avste. The eeQuired 'evere procchers and ferdertgs ecu*d tekely be S.rnelse to

" tote desCr*I d atore fog atJ a cer%e.

esCe-

!MaI anV J53d.l'Onal Moernateon obtaines du ity fne retr evatpe storage Unabe of dureftg OQeeat'on r

    • TM teeneted *ftvenfQey mou.d fioP3 to be f aae t nto account.

E R D A w%sd 8.mev de et*2aared to Conduct appropriate monitoring pecesa's and te-o eecoros s*s wbm.: eautine and wecias ecooets..n accordance nith Cre= mss.oS repat. ores artf orders A.I operat.cos. includeng

  • -=ori. tor ng t.

pot-t ei vas o*%Cser m.grat.on wou4 be subrect to suCn c~=t nung reRC nweet.on aCt+tc es may to found to tw appeooveate.

The regulatices arw? l coas.ng procroetes deict. bed at ove meal be c M.'ed.n T t'e 10. Cooe o Feos.eas Reeps atens t 10 CF RI. They rnay 6.'ae s

e t*w toem of one or a'* ore new sarts to 10 CFR. Trie SCfsedules and prog..m e

L Wts 'o. the fe#C HLW weit progravi are esented art Fc re 4.

Add.t onal reMat.ons **e8 address othee C'stset of radoactive.vaste regulated

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Vit. U.S.ERDA REPOSITORY CONCEPTUAL. DESIGN $NFORMATION EJ toc's Note TM foaowmg rs enfocmaroon obra.ne from the v S Energy Rnearen and Desewoment Aamonostratw <fROAl repect.ng there National w aste Te n na! Storage rorre rNWTSI 1

l Des.gn of Reposetories F.gure 5 presents a conceptaan des-gn of what a FeJeal HLW e;;mmtory m.ytt look 6.ke. Typ ca is. the f ac 1.tv would cormst of a typ numtwr of escavated rooms located hundreds of teet betow the sur' ace Receewmg and handhng f ac;l.t es for ante or somt fuel in craters will tw located on the surf ace. It is psanne t that t%e easte miel tw Jes vered by truck of rail. Mine snsf ts w.al coanect t%: receiv.ng feht.es to the-mine for dehvery of the waste canist.rs to a trarnoorter f

wocid then move the maste to its point of storage.

j ve**ce which C#14ters containing h.qh level wata *.61 be tc*ered eert.ca.tv ento a j

The ho'e mou6d then be hoe in the floor of an unde' ground room l

pivpped for raoeat.on protectron. les the che of the lon icsee m aste. the 1

cannters could tw stacted for desposai et scent fuet.5 det.veeed to the E.'nt. these canesters **is be dealt n.tn.n the ume way as t%e h.gh seves antes from *eprocessing.

F. pre 6 dio*s the tyg.41 vand aren assuciated **th a Federal e e E*t mdivedual repository. The actual land areas assocated 9,

repository may eleffer from these desandirig on the Characterest.Cs of t'w local geo80g*c conditions. The surf ace tacihties *ouso typ.ca.ty Oct.#py apDrossmate'y 200 acres and mould be the oniv v's Die evidersce cf the repository. The estavation for a full sCa4 f4Cility magnt occupy a tarto area sveth a rad.us of about one mold ah.Ch would mClude 2.00C Arts Surf Xe JteJs ateve the encJeat.on Dut outsitie 'ht 'ence Jeound

        • sudace f Kd.t.es. Crkld tw leased for general use. Sur'C%sridmq the cWitral esCJusted JeeJ Aould be an outer Controlled area of approme-r%Ateiv 16.000.cres.ri e,hich m.nmg coceations arws J. e dedime mow d tw controlled to avoed comotomis.rsq the safe ope'ation of the e

Surf ace areas over the oute? Cor1trollet$ Jef a mould riot be repos. tory restr*Cted from normad AClivsties.

.Wmaser of Repository S tes The general p8an for th.a NWTS prog,em ces for the eventual CttrtstruChon Of f 4 Cat:1.es for term.nal storage of Comenerc at radioactive mastt e:1 various <polog.c formations at *everal tocations.n the United States T%.s approach.ncorporates a numter of advantages mto the These.nctode ill a tyca*er peoba*>.i.tv of t.me'v overation of

,;wayam a term.nas stor+y tec+ty is achieved due to s*Jitar'cous arnt oar e. set xt>v t.cs.129 retreevabetety of waste is xcornmodatn1 teac*use ottwr repmetorwg are avaitatue to receive the waste should it te rveessary to

  • or one getc or e'tove et for any reas'ai, (3) 64 e.ll v50t tv neCessary ocat.on to serve the entire Country. (41 retuced waste tramportation c:sts are possetAe it more than ene f acihty s uwd smce tNy **tt be J sOcesed around the county, and 45) et et msnata the concern of a possible Feoeval Government reiuctanse to abandon a propowd s.te

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e after s,ytelecant empendeture sente other setts or reposetories well be avaelatWe.

At thes time, the NWTS program pian Caffs for Construction of s =

leem esaf stoeage fac leties as shown en Fequre 1. In triat f.gure the sold trean9e andeCJtes tfse time geolog C feeld work starts with the obeeCteve of eldyeng suetable repos.sory setts. Earteer work wheCh has twen or well De ACComCNeshed preor to the search for setts as not shown.

The present status of technoltagy has resoffed en plek to 8 Cate 0

the f.rst two faCalet es en salt format.ons. The remanerig four setes w sl probat> e be located en other foemations svCM as argilaceous and Crystall.ne formations.

TecW As"peCss The work sequence for developing a Federal repos. tory may differ from one gecao9C formation to another. However, genent leChn*CJe steps envolved are edentet Catson of suefabee rock format orts.

of enesteng geodo9C data, edentification of geolopC study area survey for feeld week; en situ tests on ffve rock type of enterest;enveronmental studses; Cor4truction of reposetory, and ultimatery, espansson and full scale opefatiors of the reposetory.

%t of these steps well take place sequentiafly, however, some may be Carreed out en parallel esth other feChneCal steps dependertg upon local and regional CFCumstances.

Three general Categorees of rock types have been edentif.ed wn Ch t

have erwweent CharaCtenst.Cs we Ch may prove suitacee for the Federal repose tar

  • These three rock i types are. salt, argeslamous, and Crys' 'I4w The loCasion of the mator formations of these rock types en the Cont 9eous 48 states are shown en Fegures 8. 9. and 10.

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