ML19290A208

Rept on Preliminary Radioactive Airborne Release & Charcoal Efficiency Data

ML19290A208
Person / Time
Site:	Crane
Issue date:	06/30/1979
From:	Ronald Bellamy, Jay Collins, Travers W NRC - TMI-2 OPERATIONS/SUPPORT TASK FORCE
To:
Shared Package
ML19256D385	List: ML19256D384 ML19290A208
References
NUDOCS 7910180599
Download: ML19290A208 (24)

Text

.4, REPORT ON PRELIMIt1ARY RADI0 ACTIVE AIRBORNE RELEASE AND CHARC0AL EFFICIENCY DATA:

THREE MILE ISLAr;D UNIT 2 By J

John T. Collins William D. Travers Ronald R. Bellamy June 1979 s

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2226 053 United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission t!ashington, DC 20555 7 910180 p 7/

INTRODUCTIO" The follo.fing is a discussion of risicactive airborne releases resultant frcm the March 28, 1979 accident at Three Mile Island (TMI) Unit 2.

Included, as an inherant factor in assessing TMI's effectiveness in limiting airborne releases since the accident, is a presentation of data on charcoal adsorber performance. It should be noted that the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is continuing it's efforts to evaluate all factors associated with re-leases from TMI and that the information contained in this report should be considered preliminary.

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System Description===

' Radioactive iodine, particulates and gases released to the environment from TM1 Unit 2 between liarch 28 and fiay 1,1979, were vented through the plant stack and monitored by monitoring system HPR-219.

The largest contributions to the flow from the plant stack originate from the auxiliary and fuel handling building ventilation systems.

The auxiliary building beating and ventilation system is shown diagrammatically in Figure 1.

The system is a push-pull heating and ventilating system providing once-through air flow with no recirculation and consists of the following sub-systems; supply air system, exhaust air system and the elevator machinery room ventilation system.

The supply air system consists of two 50% (32,500 cfm) capacity centrifugal fans in a steel cabinet together with an electric heating coil, prefilter and final filter.

The prefilter is of the renewable roll type, cutomatically progressed to maintain uniform pressure drop.

The final filter e

is a replaceable high efficiency cartridge type unit.

The heating coil is a ten stage electric preheat coil having 119.7 KW/ stage.

The necessary sheet metal ducts are arranged to take outside air from the air intake tunnel and deliver it to the various spaces within the auxiliary ouilding in proportion to the ventila-tion requirements.

Three multi-stage electric reheat coils are provid'ed, one in each of the branch ducts supplying air to the various floor levels, to give in-dividual zone control.

The exhaust air system consists of two 100% capacity air mover assemblies.

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Each assembly consists of a steel cabinet containing two industrial type centri-fugal fans rated at 32,500 cfm (nominal) each, representing 50% of the 2226 055

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exhaust air requirement. The two assemblies exhaust directly to the unit vent, where the air'is monitored for radioactivity. The actual exhaust air flow will be slightly higher (additional 2000 to 5000 cfm) than the nominal vale in order to maintain the required building vacuum. Exhaust air is filtered through two parallel filter trains consisting of a prefilter, HEPA filter, charcoal adsorber and a final HEPA filter. Each filter train is equipped 3ith inlet and outlet dampers for isolation during changeout. It should be noted that the bypass line shown in Figure 1 has been sealed since the beginning of Unit 2 operation. The elevator machinery room ventilation system consists of a wall type propeller fan controlled by an electric space thermostat set at 90 F. The fan exhausts air from the elevator machinery room to the auxiliary building drawing makeup ' air from the auxiliary building through an adjustable louver. 4 The fuel handling building heating and ventilation system is shown diagrammati-cally in Figure 2. The system is a push-pull heating and ventilating system oroviding once-through air flow with no recirculation and corsists af a' supply air system and exhaust air system. The supply air system consists of two 50%, (18,000 cfm) capacity centrifugal fans in a steel cab; net together with an electric heating coil, prefilter and final filter. The prefilter is of the renewable roll type, automatically, progressed to maintain uniform pressure drop. The final filter is a replaceable high efficiency cartridge type unit. l The heating coil is a five stage electric preheat coil having 128 KW/ stage. The necessary. sheet metal ducts are arranged to take outside air from the plant air intake tunnel and deliver it to the various spaces within the fuel handling ^ building in proportion to the ventilation requirements. Electric reheat coils ~ 2'226 057 6

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. re pr6'ided in the branch ducts supplying air to the various spaces to give v a individual zone control. The exhaust air system consists of two 100% capacity air mover assemblies. Each assembly consists of a steel cabinet containing two industrial type centri-fugal fans rated at 18,500 cfm each, representing 50% of the exhaust air re-quirement. The two assemblies exhaust directly to the unit vent. When a preset high level of radioactivity is exceeded in the ductwork upstream of the exhaust filter units, the exhaust is directed automatically through the two parallel exhaust filter. trains. Each train is sized to pass 50% exhaust flow (18,000 cfm) and consists of a steel housing containing a prefilter, HEPA filters, activated charcoal filters and a second HEPA filter bank. The actual exhaust air flow will be slightly higher (additional 2000 to 5000 cfm) than the nominal value in order to maintain the required building vacuum. d On May 1,1979 (a-1800), a supplementary filtration system, built since March 28, 1979, was placed into operation. The add-on system, located on the Unit 2 aux-iliary building roof is being used to refilter plant stack flow. Four supple-mental filter trains consisting of a preheater, HEPA filter, charcoal adsorber, a final HEPA filter, and associated radiation and flow ' monitors are now opera - tional. Normally three filter trains (30,000 cfm each) are functioning at any given time. The supplemental system cuts into and takes flow just downstream from stack discharge and releases flow (post filtration) out it's own vent on the auxiliary building roof. On May 18, 1979, the plant stack was capped and since . _I then all flow has been. directed through the supplemental filtration system. 21226 058 O /

_4-E t'iifatd's"bf' R' di' a' tWe' R' lea' set a oc e The greatest amounts of radioactivity released as a result of the accident at TMI are associated with airborne releases from Unit 2. Airborne releases have . been characterized by I-131 (8 day half-life) and Xe-133 (9 hcur half-life). Initially rough estimates of Xe-133 and I-131 releases were made based upon re-ported environmental measurements made with off-site thermoluminescent dosi-meters (T1.D's) and radiciodine air samplers. In conjunction with calculated meteorological dispersion factors these measurements were used to back-calculate release rates from TMI. This technique was used early on because noble gas - monitors were off-scale and charcoal cartridge samplers for I-131 were contami-nated with noble gases. The total release of Xe-133 through April 5, using this method of estimation, is 13 million curies. 1-131 releases through April 3 were estimated to be 1.4 curies. Better estimates of I-131 releses from the, plant vent and the supplemental filtration system have subsequently been made by analyzing I-131 activity on charcoal cartridges which have been in place since the accident. A sample flow from the release duct (post filtration) is directed through the charcoal adsorber and concentration (uCi/cc) in the duct can be calculated after counting the I-131 activity adsorbed onto the. charcoal. Charcoal cartridges removed from TMI monitoring systems were analyzed on lithium drifted germanium detectors with associated multi-channel analyzers. Estimates of I-131 releases have been made by both the flRC and Metropolitan Edison (Porter & Gertz) who have independently analyzed the charcoal cartridges removed from TMI. 2226 059 e e esmen e g W e -*8"

. T,he NRC~(Region I) calculated a total I-131 release of 15.70 curies for the period '3/28 through 4/30/79. This total compares to a release of 13.99 curies calculated by Porter & Gertz (Table 1) for the same period. From Table 2 it can _ be seen that the release rate, with some exceptions, varied between 0.1 and 1.0 curies per day for 3/28 through 4/23/79 and between 0.01 and 0.1 Ci/ day for 4/24 through 4/30/79. These release rates are in excess of the Technical Speci-fication quarterly average release rate limit of 0.002 Ci/ day. As noted earlier, the supplementary filtration system was placed into operation on May 1, 1979. Additionally, the plant vent was capped on May 19,1979, to ensure all system flow was beeing filtered through the supplemental system. Table 3 lists the magnitude of I '31 releases from all Unit 2 elease points between May 1 and 29, 1979. From this data it can be seen that, prior to capping the stack, operation of the supplemental system only reduced the total J releave rate approximately 10X. The total release rate under this operating condition was dominated by the I-131 levels being released (without additional filtration) out the plant vent. During this period, flow out the plant vent occured only when less than three exhaust fans from the supplemental system were operating. With three or four fans operating a net negative flow into the plant vent was achieved (i.e., 5/10-12, 5/15, 5/18). While operating under negative flow and following the capping of the plant stack, a dramatic reduction (e-10X to 1000X) in I-131' releases was realized. Since May 1, 1979, an estimated total of 0.076 curies of I-131 has been released from Unit 2. This value is an almost negligible contribution to the 13.99 curies estimated to have been relecsed between March 28 and May 1,1979. 2226 060 e e e --w e*

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.,u ,f .i . TABLE.1 / RADI0 IODINE. RELEASES TMI II HPR-219 g STATION VENT M "d-I-131 j 4 SAMPLE TIME TOTAL FROM TO

• CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/ DAY 3/28/79 3/2fp?9 0400 1900 8.2E'+ 4 3.87E +7 (4.0) 5.40E f 4 (0.22)

( 0.'3 5 ) i 3/28/79 3/30/79 1900 1900 8.iB3E +4 4.17E +7 5.4E ~7 22.5 1.73E +5 3.90 1.95 .'3/30/79 4/1/79 2200 0600 ,8'.19'2E.+4 4.21 E'+7 6.4E -8 2.69 1.15E'+5-0.31 O.23 4/1/79 4/]/79 9.66-l.63E +5 .l.57 0.83 4 0600 0315 8.9E.+4 4.20E +7 2.3E.-7 4/3/79 4/ /79-0315 19 5 9.lE +4 4.29E.+7 5.36E -8 2.30 5.70E +4 0.13 0.20 4/3/79 4/3/79 t j 1905 2232 9.lE.+4' ~4.29E +7 1.6E -7 6.86 i .1 24E'+4 0.09 0.59 4/3/79-

4/5/79 l

2232 1830 -9/lE +4 4.29E +7 3.7E'-7 7.29 1 9AP +9 1 1g 0.63 l "d 4/5/79 4/6/79 ,j 1830 1516 9.~1E +4. 4.29E"+7- -1.0E -8 0.43 7.48'E +4 0.03 0.04 4/6/79 4/7/79 1516 0600 , 9.; 1 E ~.+ 4 - 4.29E.+7 Lost ***- (3.7) 5'30E +4 (0.18) .(0.32) 4/7/79 i 4/8/79 i 0600 0245 9.' 1 g + 4 f ' ' 4.'29E +7 1.6E -7 6.86 7'.47E +4 0.51 0.59 ^ Flow rates determined from chart records (+7000 CFM for service bldg.) ^ono relkase point data. Auxiliary and fuel handling building release rates used. '**2.t.eg al-ateJ ,. {. [ [

TABLE 1(contrnued) HPR 219 RADIOI0DIflE RELEASES THI II l STATI0f4 VENT 1-131 i SAMPLE TIME TOTAL

• FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/ DAY 4/8/79 4/9/79 0245 042$

,9.lE +4 4'.29E +7 2.96E -7 12.70 9.24E +4 1.17 1.10 4/9/79 4/l0/79 ~ 0925

1608, 9'..lEJ+4 4.29E'+7 1.08E -C 0.46 1.llE +5 0.05 0.04

.4/10/79 4/11/79 1608 1840 9. LEY.+ 4 4.29E +7 2.96E -8 1.27 9.55E +4 0.12 0.11 4/11/79' 4/13/79. I 1920 2315 9'. l'E ' +'4 '- 4.292 +7' '5.22E -8 2.23 1.87E +5 0.39 0.19 4/,13/79e. 4/14/79' 2'315 1030 9.1E +4 4.29E t7 ( 4.1'5 ) ! 4.05E +4 (O.17) (O.36) 4/14/79 4/14/79 ,,.,,4.29E +7 3.4E -7 14.6 3.-GE +3 0.05 1.26 i 1300 1400 9. 1 E..+ 4 4/14/79 4/14/79, 1030

1'915 9.1Ef+4,

4.29E'+7 1.41E 6.05-3.15E +4 0.19 0.52 ~ e:: 4/14/79 4/15/79 4.29E +7 1.54E -7 6.61 3.64e +4 0.24 n.s? 1915 0522 9.12 +4 .4/15/79 4/15/79 i N 0522 0804 9.'lE. 4 4.29E +7 2E -7 8.58 9.72E +3 0.08 0.74 N$ 4/15/7'9 4/15/79, '0804 1802

• • 8.2E +4' 3.'9E +7 4E -7

)4.0 3.'6E +4 0.51 1.22 CD Ch

• Interpol ated--Monitor was not in operation bec ause of inst allation of-the new eberlj ne monitc r with N

.the Cy-1 30 SAI silver Zeolite.ca ctridge and'CY 100' charcoal.

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TABLE 1 (conti,nue$) RADI0 IODINE RELEASES ' TMI II HPR-219 STATION VENT I-l'31 'b ' SAMPLE TIME TOTAL CFM " CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/DA FROM TO 4/15/79 4/15/j79 1802 2140s .'812E'+4 3.9E +7 1.78E -7 6.'9' l.3E +4 0.09 0.54 4/15/79. 4/15/79 ~ 8i.i'EY+4 3.9M.+7 l.46E -7 5 '. 7 7.6E +4 0.05 0.6 '4 2140 2346 2 ,4/15/79 4/16/79

8!.I 'E c +4 3.9E +7 1.6E 6.24

'l.57E +.4 0.099 0.54 2346 0408 .2 4/16'/79 4/16/79 0408 0754 8 :.' 2 E + 4 ' 3.9E +7 1.39E -7 5.5 i 1.30E +4 0.076 0,48 4/16/79 4/1{/79 l' s' 0758 1156

'8.I2E*+4 3.' 9 E ' + 7 1.2E -7 4568.

1.44E +4 0.067 0.40 N 4/16/79 4/16/7.9 3;9E +7 9.56E -8 3.7 1.4E +4 0.05 0.31 N 1156 1550 78'2E.+4 Ch 4/16/79

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1546 'l'810 J8. 2E' +4 '3.9E'+7 2.91E -7 11.35' .8.04E +3 0.09 1.00 3 Cd U 4/16/79. *4/16/79 s 1810 2356 '8T2E!4.4: 3.95,'+7' 1.59E -7 '6.2 2.2'E +4 0.13 0.78 4/16/79 4/17/79 3.02E +7 1.01E~-7 3.05 1.44E +4 0.04 0.26 2356 0402 6 *. 4 E S 4; t 4/17/79 4/17/79 3.02E +7 9.7E 2.93 1.64E +4 0.05 0.05 l 0402 0835 6 <4 E::+4 . Change d ue to filters being,exch anged in Auxil iary Buildin g Filter Ba s. Flow reduced to 15,750, .CFM 240,0 4/16., \\ s

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i cJ TABLE 1 (continued) - t-.. HPR-219 RADI0 IODINE RELEASES TMI II "y STATION VENT p I-131 C7 SAMPLE TIME TOTAL FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/ DAY 4/17/79 4/17/79 0835 1226 6.4E +4 3.02E +7 8.4E -8 "25.54 1.32E +4 0.03 0.22 4/17/79 4/17/79

• ( 4 /17/+4150 6 lE 0)2.88E +7 1226 1634 8.6E -8 2.5 1.lE +4 0.03 0.23 4/17/79 4/17/79 1640

1946, 6.lE +4 2.88E +7 2.0E -7 5.76 1.12E +4 0.06 0.49 4/17/79 4/17/79 (4/18-0230) 1958 2357 6.5E +4 3'.06E +7 1.5E -7 4.59.

1.44E +4 0.07 0.40 4/17/79 4/18/79 2357 0405 6.5E +4 3.06E +7 1.74E -7 5.'32 1.44E +4 0.08 0.40 4/18/79 4/18/79 _,,,, 3.06E +7 2.78E -7 8.51 6.3E +3 0.054 0.71 0405 0550 6.5E +4 4/18/79 .4/ 18/79 0550 '0800 6.5E +4 3.06E +7 2'.2E.-7 6.72 7.8E +3 0.052 0.58 4/18/79* 'i/18/79 0800 0945 7E'+4 3.3E +7' 9.88E -8 3.3 6E +3 0.02 0.29 4/18/79 4/18/79 0950 1200 7E +7 3.3E +7 6.41E -8 2.02 7E +3 0.014 0.17 4/18/79i 4/18/79 12.04 1647 7.3E +4 3.44E +7' 4.38E -8 1.5 1.7E +4 0.03 0.13 t'

• Reduction because hf filter (20ld CFM Aux) (41 K Fli) b

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t ' TABLE 1 (contihMd). Q Q gpg_g 9 RADI0 IODINE. RELEASES THI II

• y STATION VENT

'O 1-131 F j SAMPLE TIME TOTAL l FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES C1/ DAY 4/20/79 l 4/20/79 1105 1300 5.72E +4 2.7E +7 2.8E -7 7.6' 6.9E +3 .0.05 0.66 l 4/20/79 4/20/79 1300 1620 5.72E +4 2.7E +7 1.lE -7 2.97 1.2E +4 0.041 0.26 4/20/79 4,/20/79 1620 2019 6.3E +4 3E +7 9.6E -8 3 1.44E +4 0.04 0.26 4/20/79 4/20/79 2023 2204 6.3E +4 3E +7 1.37E -7 4.1 6E +3 0.03 0.35 4/.20/79 4/21,'79 i 2249 C317 6.3E +7 3E +7 6.72E -8 2.02' 1,44E +4 0.03 0.17 4/21/79 4/21/79 3E +7 4.08E -8 1.2 2.5E +3 0.03 0.10 0320 0402 6.3E +4 4/21/79 4/21/79 0404 0819 8.9E +4 4.2E +7 2'.77E '8 1.2 1.53E +4 0.02 0.10 4/21/79 ~44/21/79 s 0819 1201 8.9E +4 4.2E +7' 3.44E -8 1.44 1.32.E +4 0.02 0.12 4/21/79 4/21/79 1204 1624 8.9E +4 4.2E +7 3.64E -8 1.53 1.56E +4 0.02 0.13 4/21/79i 4/21/79 { 1628 2017 8.9E +4 4.2E +7' 2.88E -8 1.2 1.37E +4 0.02 0.10 l l 4/21/79 . 4/22/79 l 2018 0103 5.9E +4 ' '2. 8 E +7 5.83E -8 1.90 1.7E +4 0.03 0.16

TABLE 1 (conti%f6d) I 3 r 3 r HPR-219 RADI0 IODINE RELEASES TMI II C - STATION VENT 6 I-131 SAMPLE TIi4E TOTAL FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/Dr 4/22/79 4/22/79 i 0105 0441 6.5E +4 3.lE +7 4.93E -8 1.' 5 ' l.3E +4 0.02 0.13 4/22/79 4/22'/79 0447 0804 6.5E +4 3.lE +7 4.74E -8

1. 5 -

1.2E +4 0.02 0.13 4/22/79 4/22/.79 0807 1229 6.5E +4 3.lE +7 4.89E -8 1.5 1.6E +4 0.02 0.13 4/22/79' 4/22/79 1230 1*621 6.9E +4 3.3E +7 6.9E -8 2.2 1.4E +4 0.03 0.19 4/22/79 4,'22/79 1624 2024 5.8E +4 2.7E'+7 'l.14E -7 ' 3.1 1.'4E +4 0.04 0.27 4/22/79 4/22/79 2036 2130 5.8E +4 2.7E'+7 1.12E -7 3.0 3'.2E +3 0.001 2.26 4/22/79 4/23/79 2.130 0004 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 8.82E -8 2.4 ~ 9.2E +3 0.02 0.21 4/23/79. *34/23/79 6.7E -8 . 1.83

1. 41E + 4 0.03

.16 0007 0406 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 / 4' 23/79 4/23/79 0358 '0758 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 3.7'5E -8 l'.02 1.44E +4 0.015 .09 4/23/79 4/23/79 -8 1.04 1.44E +4 0.015 .09 0801 1201 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 3.85E 4/23/79 4/23/79 1223 1614 5.8E +4' 2.7E +7 1,4E -7 3.78 1.39E +4 0.05 0.33 l

's i [ TABLE 1 (conti%dd). HPR-219 RADI0 IODINE RELEASES TMI II d STATION VENT F I-131 g S; S/NPLE TIME TOTAL FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC 3dC CUMES ci/nAY 4/23/79 4/23/79 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 2.22E -8 0j6 1.4E +4 0.008 0.05 1617 2010 4/23/79 4/23/79 2014 2156 5.8E +4 2.7E +7 6.3E -8 1.7 6.lE + 3 0.01 0.15 4/23/79 4/24/79 2159 0015 5.8E'+4 2.7E +7 4.8E -8 1.31 8.46E +3 .01 .11 4/24/70' 4/,24/79, 0004 0404 5.8E +4 2'7E +7 5.8E.-8' l.59 1.44E +4 .023 .14 4/24/79 4/24/79-I 04'08 0637 5.8E +4 '2. 7E. ir7

6. 0E -3

'li62 8.9E +3 0.014 0.140 4/24/79 4/24/79 ,,.,,,3.2E +7

2. E -S.

.94 5.46E +3 .005 .081 0642 0813 6.88E +4 4/24/79 .4/24/79 0815 1215 7.34E +4 3.46E +7 1.9E -8 0.66 1.44E.+4 0.01 0.057 4/24/79, >4/24/79 1217 1600 7.12E +4 3.36E'+7

1. 0 0E +8

.36 1.,34E +4 .005 .03 4/24/79 4/24/79 1600 1955 6.8E +4 3.2E +7 4.9E -8 1.6 1 : t.1 E 4 /. 0.02 0.14 4/24/79: 4/25/79 1958 0001 6.8E +4 3.2E +7 2.5E -8 0.8 1.4E +4 0.01 0.07 ~ 4/25/79 4/25/79 0004 0S12 6.8E +4 3.2E +7 1.54E -8 0.5 1.GSE +4 .009 0.04 e.

TABLE 1 (conti'6nda) g-) HPR-219 RADI0 IODINE RELEASES TMI II g# STATION VENT I-f31 6 SAMPLE TIME TOTAL FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES ci/ DAY 4/25/79 4/25/79 8.33E + 4 3.93E + 7 1.36E -8 0.53 5.88E + 3 0.003 0.046 0520 0658 4/25/79 4/25/79 8.75E + 4 4.16E + 7 1.3E -8 0.54 1.8E + 4 0.009 0.046 0701 1200 4/25/79 4/25/79 1200 1555 8.83E + 4 4.16E + 7 1.82E -8 0.76 1.4E + 4 0.01 0.065 .4/25/79 ' 4/25/79 8.9E + 4 4.2E + 7 1.2E -8 'O.5 1.52E + 4 0.008 0.043 1557 2010 4/25/79 4/26/79-8.9E + 4 4.2E + 7 1.lE -8 0.46 1.44E + 4 0.007 0.04 2013 0013 4/26/79 4/26/79 8.9E + 4 . 4.2E +.7 1.lE'-8

0. 4 t.2 1.33E + 4 0.006 0.04

'0016 0357 4/26/79 4/26/79 8.9E + 4 4.2E + 7 7.lE -9, 0.3 1.45E + 4 0.004 0.026 0400 0802 4/26/79 .24/26/79 9.23E + 4 4.'4E t,7 -8.6E.-9 0.38 1.5E + 4 0.006 0.03 0805 1220 4/26/79 4/26/79 7.3E -9 0.32 1.3E + 4 0.004 0.03 9.3E + 4 4.4E + 7 1220 1558 4/26/79't 4/26/79 9.lE + 4 4.3E + 7 1.1E -8 O.46 1.lE + 4 0.01 0.005 1606 1913 4/26/79,' 4/27/79 8.78E + 4 i 4.14E + 7

1. 4 E -8 0.58 1.76E + 4 0.01 0.05 1913 0006

~ s I i y e v

TABLE 1. (contintud) Eg HPR-219 RADI0 IODINE RELEASES TMI II E STATION VENT -D 1-131 y O i SAMPLE TIME TOTAL FROM TO CFM CC/SEC U Ci/CC U Ci/SEC SEC CURIES c1/D/ 4/27/79 4/28/79 +, .9 + -9 0.}7 8.8E + 4 0.033 0.032 0011 0038 4/28/79 4/28/79 8.3E + 4 3.92E + 7 3.06E -9 0.12 2.8E + 4' O.003 0.01 0042 0830 4/28/79 4/28/79 8.83E + 4 4.17E + 7 9.3E -9 0.39 2.84E + 4 0.01 0.034 0832 1625 l 4/28/79 4/29/79, 8.83E + 4 4.17E + 7 8.9E -9. 0.37 2.76E + 4 0.0l 0.032 1645 3025 i 4/29/79 4/30/79' j 8.45E + 4 3.99E + 7 1.4E -8 0.56 8.52E + 4 0.05 0.048 0028 0008 l 4/30/79 5/1/79 7.84E + 4~ 3.7E +.7 1.3E'-8 0.48 8.64E + 4 0.04 .042 l i I. I r SUByTOTAL 33.34 Interpolatec values for periods'between.ibove periods' O.66 i ,s Total 14.00 t .l \\ s 1 y .g

TABLE 2 ,. s n Ci/ Day from Charcoal 2226 070 ny Date HPR-219 AM-1 AM-2 AM-3 A' i - 4 Total 5/1 .035 1.42E-6 9.33E-7 3.50E-2 5/2 .0075 (1.6?E-4 7.77E-3 5/3 .0063 1.87E-6 1.5bE-6 6.30E-3 s 2.38E-6 48.62E-4 5/4 .0070 1.51E-3 2.65E-6 9.45E-6 9.39E-3 5/5 .0058 3.09E-6 2.71E-6 5.65E-6 5.81E-3 (5.05E-7 5/6 .0031 2.69E-6 1.72E-6 1.53E-6 3.llE-3 5/7 3.72E-6 ( 4. 9 7E-7 3.0/2E-6 7.24E,6 5/8 .0030 2.26E-6 ( 1. 0 8E-7 2.78E-6 4.87E-6 3.01E-3 5/9 4.07E-3 (8.22E-8 8.46E-6 2.73E-6 4.08E-3 ~ 5/10 4.35E-6 1.21E-6 4.08E-6 2.14E-6 1.18E-5 5/11 4.62E-6 5.42E-6 2.10E-6 1.21E-5 5/12 6.90E-7 1.16E-6 3.03E-6 1.2E-6 6.08E'6 5/13 4.59E,4 2.37E-6 6.83E-6 1.24E-5 1.'10E-5 4.92E-4 5/14 2.18E-5 1.10E-5 1.21E-5 4.49E-5 5/15 3.51E-6 ( 2. 2 9E-7 7.87E-6 4.26E-6 1.59E-5 5/16 8.48E-6 1.08E-5 4.48E-6 2.38E-5 5/17 9.93E-6 1.llE-5 3.68E-6 8.9E-6 6 3j37E-5 ' 5/18 9.68'E-6 1.54E-5 1.69E-5 4.20E-5 5/19 7.43E-6 8.26E-6 1.13E-5 2.70E-5 5/20 Capped 1.15E-5 1.03E-5 1.17E-5 3. 3 5E--5 5/21 Capped 7.08E-6 7.21E-6. 1.llE-4 1.25E-4n[ 5/22 Capped 9.24E-6 9.59E-6 1.88E-5 5/23 Capped 6.81E-6 8.78E-6 4. 9 2E-7 1.61E-5 2.68E-5 5/24 Capped 7.40E-6 9.50E-6 9.93E-6 1.71E-5 .W e e-e 4e4 %

• T'

r Table 2 continued Ci/ Day from Charcoal m2 2226 071 Date HPR-219 AM-1 AM-2 AM-3 AM-4 Total 5/25/ capped 7.62E-6 1.26E-6 1.68E-5 NIS* 2.57E-5 5/26/ capped 1.16E-5 1.25E-5 8.33E-6 NIS* 3.24E 5/27 capped 7.04E-6 5.08E-6 6.50E-6 NIS* 1.90E-5 4 5/28 capped 7.80E-6 4.83E-5 4.34E-6 NIS* 6.04E-5 5/29 capped 4.96E-6 4.45E-6 5.13E-6 NIS* 1.45E-5 7.S'b E~

• Not In Service e

S 6 em 9 e Se e O

"'~ 2226 072 Preliminary Data on Charcoal Adsorber Performence Since the accident at THI, charcoal adsorbers have been available for the pur-pose of reducing or elicinating radioactive iodine releases to the environment. Systems of interest that include carbon adsorbers as a component to remove gaseous radioactive iodine prior to release to the environment include the aux-Various iliary building, the fuel handling building, and the reactor building. samples of carbon have been removed from these systems for laboratory testing of efficiency for radioactive methyl iodide, along with the Unit 1 Auxiliary Building and spare carbon for the Unit 1 Auxiliary Building that has been stored on site for approximately 5 years. The following discussion should be considered as preliminary; additional tests and confirming tests at a number of laboratories are ongoing. e It should be noted that carbon in operation on March 28, 1979, was a KI -i*P"9-3 nated cocoanut shell carben. Table 3 presents data on charcoals originally in service as well as replacement charcoals. It appears that free iodine on the carbon (both radioactive and non-radioactive) has migrated through the bed, as evidenced by testing the used carbon for the pH of water extract. The lo'w values (4 to 5) indicate spent and exhausted carbon, while moisture determination tes with xylene produced a purple xylene solution. Accordingly, replacunent carbon has been impregnated with both KI and Triethylenediamine (TEDA), an amine with a high iodine affinity at high relative humidities. W. ~ O. q e ~. g g

i s.L L L .3 'a ~ UPDATED CH AF. COAL F I L TEP. DATA. 2226 073 1si Charcoal Filter Data or' Sinal risters F r e s e ntc? F i l t_e r s Charcoal' Bed Tv.Pe Bed F i i t rat i on Charge-Out Type Charcoal Dimensions

• Charcoal Dimensions System Date (inches)

(inches) Aux Bldg 4/20 MSA; Kl ** 6 x24x40 _NC0NI 6 x24x40 ~ ~ 3 "A" KI, TEDA Aux Bldg 4/24 MS'A ; KI 6 x24x40 79-MSA 6hx?4h30 3 Kl 3 "B" 1J-NUCON 6hx24x40 K1,TEDA ~ Fuel ~ 1 # ., ' N. NUCON Handling ~ [ 4/22. -k-6 x24x40 KI,TEDA 6 x24x40' MSA; Ki g B1dg "A" i NUCON:.; Fuel Handling 5/25 MSh' %~ ' 6hx24x40 KI,,TEDA SAME ' - ' ~ ' ~ Bido "B" ~ ' Supplemoti Air Flow N/A MSA; K1 6hx23x31 SAME SAME System 3 -..A r. B" e Supplemntl M S A; K ),.' (d;>c'23531,1 SAtAiE SArAE N/A " C t, D" 6

• All filters have an effective charcoal bed depth of 2".

~ ~ G.: ._.,1

• • See Attached manufacturer's specifications. for more detail.

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• ~

~ - _,, _ y,..,. M ~- D ~~.- g 9 a. ~ +.... ~. ~. k- % m.s y.' .~{.-:...t.- ...g -,_- ~., ,~ v [.,,,., ,. ^ e (". -. .,a .,t ...,.a l. -..y,;.,. ~~+ . -: - "... x, ,4~~.,. ...~. i , _ _ ' - ' l-2,- ',s)d ' ~ s- "'" : c. - -,.~- Y~~~-+'5**.,,~.,c. .~.....':.~..--:.'.~,,..' .~.:..:,.t-G '.C.;Eh*,? - 9 ;,... n s.,~. -~- ~.. w - em ..~. s - ., ~. ..., y..". G

• '.. '.' g* ;>

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2,226 ui4 The two trains of the Unit 2 Auxiliary Building have been independently evaluated, with the results being in fairly good agreement. For the period up to April 11, the "A" Train. captured approximately 11.9 Curies of iodine-131 and released 2.1 Curies. Laboratory testing of efficiencies for methyl iodide resulted in 69.5% at 95% RH, and 91.2% at 30% RH. ' For the period up to April 22, the "B" train captured approximately 14.5 Curies of iodine-131 and released 1.5 Curies. Laboratory testing of efficiencies for methyl iodide resulted in 56% at 95% RH and 88.8% at 30% RH. The carbon was in service prior to plant statrup, December 1978, and through the accident, and the degradation at high. RH is evident. Time in service is an important consideration in evaluating I-131 removal effectiveness because charcoal weathering has been shown to -increase during service, especially durirg exposure to water vapor and atmospheric pollutants. For example, Victor Deitz at the Naval Research Laboratory, has found some dra-matic efficiency drops ir various charcoals (TEDA, HI, KT) following exposure to 70-90% RH air flows and to air flow's containing hydrocarbons, ozone and sulfur dioxide. Results cn the fuel handling trains are not as ;omplete. The iodine-131 activity on the two carbon trains has been determined, anf efficiencies calculated based on these inventories, but standard ASTM efficiency ceterminations have yet to be compl eted. Preliminarily, it appears that Train "A" captured approximately 36.6 Curies of iodine-131, and allowed 0.01 Curies to escape, for a calculated efficiency of approximately 99.9%. These results are for the period ending April 18. For Train "B", 48.3 Curies were captured, but 23.2 Curies escaped, G O e e mm...-e e w a> ehe a e me - e

~ 2226 075 for a calculated efficiency of 67.5%. The "B" train was changed out May 23, 1979. Tne variation in performance between the two trains is attributed to a faulty flow directional diverter upstream of the trains. It is hypothesized that significantly more than 50% of the total flow passed through Train "B" since startup, contrary ~ to design, and weathered the Train "B" charcoal faster than Train "A" charcoal, leading to poorer performance. The Unit 1 Auxiliary Building carbon has been tested under standard ASTM procedures for methyl iod'ide removal. The carbon that has seen service continually since Unit I startup 5 years ago has degraded to 50.3%, while spare Unit 1 carbon (on-site for the 5 years but never in service), degraded to 88.5%. Additional tests currently planned include a determination of the physical pro-perties of all available carbon samples, and testing of the Unit 2 Reactor ' Building Purge System. s = O O e m O A O t. ,}}