ML19263D074
| ML19263D074 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Cooper  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1978 |
| From: | NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER DISTRICT |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19263D073 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 7903210223 | |
| Download: ML19263D074 (31) | |
Text
9 Nebraska Public Power District COOPER NUCLEAR STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT Volume I - Nonradiological USNRC Docket 50-298 7903o10223
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Section I Technical Specification 2.0 I-1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION Section II Technical Specification 4.0 11-1 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE and SPECIAL STUDIES 1
Section I Technical Specification 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION 1-1
2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION Requirements of 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 (Temperature Limitations) and 2.3 (Chemical Use Report) of the Environmental Technical Specifications have been met as demonstrated by Table 1-1, and Table I-2 and the following summary.
Other requirements of the above specifications are addressed in Section II of this report.
Limitations for condenser AT have been met.
During May, June and July the AT values that exceeded the 180F limitation were during periods of backwashing and fluctuations in power level. During periods when one or more circulation water pumps are down, the limitation is increased to 22 F.
On October 14 and November 7, 1978 this situation occurred and the AT values were greater than 180F but less than the 22 F limitation.
Therefore, temperatures experienced in May, June, July, October, and part of November were within applicable limits.
During the months of April and November, except as noted above, all temperatures above the 180F limitation were during periods of backwashing, power level changes, or deicing; therefore, the temperatures were within applicable limits.
1-2
TABLE I-1 Summary of Monthly outlet Temperatures and AT's (1978)
Maximum Outlet Temp.( F)
Maximum AT(OF)
)
Jan.
76.0 43.0 Feb.I) 72.5
'39. 5 Mar.
80.5 35.5 April )
80.0 30.0 May 89.0 19.5 June 97.5 19.0 July 100.5 19.0 Aug.
98.0 18.0 Sep.
95.5 16.0 Oct.
82.0 19.0 Nov. 3) 70.0 24.5 Dec.I) 74.5 43.0
- 1) Deicing for the entire month while operating.
- 2) Deicing curtailed on April 1, 197R.
- 3) Deicing initiated on November 13, 1978.
1-3
TABLE I-2 SEMIANNUAL BULK CHEMICAL USE REPORT JANUARY 1, 1978 to JUNE 30, 1978 PREVIOUS PRESENT CHEMICAL INVENTORY RECEIVED INVENTORY USED Sulfric Acid 5200 gal.
8885 gal.
6450 gal.
7635 gal.
Sodium Hydroxide 3150 gal.
13938 gal.
4650 gal.
12438 gal.
Bulk Lime 50960 lbs 64800 lbs.
36000 lbs.
79760 lbs.
Calcium Hypochlorite 350 lbs.
400 lbs.
280 lbs.
470 lbs.
Alkameen 40 gal 0
25 gal.
15 gal.
Dearborn 253 AF 380 lbs.
0 365 lbs.
15 lbs.
Nalcolyte 607 118 gal.
0 55 gal.
63 gal.
Sodium Sulfite 199 lbs.
0 169 lbs.
30 lbs.
Sodium Nitrite 820 lbs.
1200 lbs.
1200 lbs.
820 lbs.
Dearborn 922 55 gal.
0 50 gal.
5 gal.
I-4
TABLE I-2 SDiIANNUAL BULK CHEMICAL USE REPORT JULY 1, 1978 to DECEMBER 31, 1978 PREVIOUS PRESENT CHEMICAL INVENTORY RECEIVED INVENTORY USED Sulfric Acid 6450 gal.
5996 gal.
6400 gal.
6046 gal.
Sodium Hydroxide 4650 gal.
7037 gal.
4300 gal.
7387 gal.
Bulk Lime 36000 lbs 113240 lbs.
60000 lbs.
89240 lbs.
Calcium Hypochlorite 280 lbs.
400 lbs.
450 lbs.
230 lbs.
Alkameen 25 gal 0
10 gal.
15 gal.
Dearborn 253 AF 365 lbs.
0 325 lbs.
40 lbs.
Dearborn 922 50 gal.
0 40 gal.
10 gal.
Dearborn 521 55 gal.
0 49 gal.
6 gal.
Dearborn 713 85 gal.
0 84 gal.
1 gal.
Nalcolyte 55 gal.
0 20 gal.
35 gal.
Sodium Sulfite 169 lbs.
0 140 lbs.
29 lbs.
Sodium Nitrite 1200 lbs.
0 900 lbs.
300 lbs.
1-5
Section II Tecimical Specification 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEII'ANCE AND SPECIAL STUDIES 11-1
$ HAZLETON ENVIAONMENTAL SCIENCES CO APC A ATION PHONE (402) 4 70-2411 4010 NORTHWEST 39TH STAEET,BLOG.1374 LINCOLN.NE 68524 ANNUAL
SUMMARY
REPORT TO NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER DISTRICT COLUMBUS, NEBRASKA THE EVALUATION OF THERMAL EFFECTS IN THE MISSOURI RIVER NEAR COOPER NUCLE \\R STATION (OPERATIONAL PHASE)
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1978 PROJECT NO. 8903 PREPARED AND SUBMITTED BY NALCO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES j//;ya p/ A/(/
Al Report prepared by:
Steven D. Reetz, Project Lgdet V
Report approved by:
Howard S. Lewis, Profect Manager February 27, 1979 II-2
HAZLEFTON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCEiS 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE AND SPECIAL STUDIES The specifications related to Section 4.0 of the Cooper Nuclear Station's Environmental Technical Specifications have been met.
This is a preliminary summary of the results obtained during the fifth year of operational studies (January - December 1978). A complete presentation and interpretation of the data will be included in an annual report, currently in preparation, to be submitted to Nebraska Public Power District.
Section 4.0 of the Environmental Technical Specifications was modified in June 1978. Changes in the surveillance studies included the deletion of phytoplankton, zooplankton, zooplankton survival, and phytoplankton viability studies.
4.1 BIOLOGICAL 4.1.1 AQUATIC ECOLOGY 4.1.1.1 Surveillance, Study, and Evaluation Programs A.
Water Quality Studies Duplicate samples for chemical and bacteriological arslyses were collected monthly Jcnuary through December 1978 at three locations in the vicinity of Cooper Nuclear Station: the intake, discharge canal, and near the downstream edge of the Station's mixing zone (RM 530).
In addition, from May through November water samples for complete chemical analyses were also collected upstream of the Station (RM 534), and samples for limited analyses were collected at one location immediately downstream of the discharge (RM 532) and at another location outside the Station's mixing zone (RM 528). With the exception of elevated temperatures, Station operation had no apparent ef fects upon Missouri River water quality.
Temperature increases at the edge of the Station's mixing zone (RM 530) were always below the Nebraska Department af Environmental Control's II-3
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (NDEC) maximum criterion for thermal increases of 2.8C (5.0F).
Temperature increases at RM 530 also were below the Environmental Technical Specifications (ETS) maximum limits of 5.6C (10F) during winter and 2.8C (5.0F) in summer.
Dissolved oxygen concentration and pH were not af fected by Station operation. The minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 5.7 mg/l (24 July) was above the NDEC minimum criterion of 5.0 mg/1. Cenerally, pH values were within the 6.5 to 8.5 range established by the NDEC and ETS.
Values as high as 8.7 were occasionally measured at locations upstream end downstream of the Station.
Total dissolved solids and specific conductance values complied with NDEC and ETS limitations and were always below the NDEC maximum limits of 750 mg/l and 900 pmhos/cm at 25C, respectively. As reported in previous studies turbidity values varied among locations. Turbidity values in the discharge canal vere occasionally 10% greater than those measured in the intake and thus exceeded the NDEC and ETS criterion; however. spacial differences were random and showed no trend attributable to Station operation.
Bacterial contamination of the river showed wide spacial and temporal variability. Densities of fecal coliform bacteria exceeded the NDEC maximum limits of 400 in 90% of the sampics and 200 organisms /100 ml at all locations on all sampling dateg.
Station operation had no measurable effects on bacterial densities.
Total chlorine concentrations in the discharge canal were always <0.01 mg/l and, therefore, did not exceed the ETS maximum criterion of 0.1 mg/1. Phenols concentrations infrequently exceeded the NDEC maximum limit of 0.001 mg/l at locations both upstream and downstream of the Station.
Aquatic nutrients concentrations were sufficient to support II-4
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES aquatic life on each sampling date.
The maximum recorded ammonia concentration of 0.67 mg/1-N was below the NDEC maximum limit of 1.0 mg/1.
Trace metals concentrations were not affected by Station operation.
The overall similarity in water quality upstream 'nd downstream of the Station indicates that Station operation has not had a deleterious effect on Missouri River water quality. The major factors influencing water quality in this section of the Missouri River are upstream releases from Lewis and Clark Lake, precipi-tation, surface runoff, and upstream wastewater discharges.
B.
Biological Studies 1.
Phytoplankton Duplicate phytoplankton samples for species composition and abundance determinations were collected in May and June 1978 from three locations in the Missouri River near Cooper Nuclear Station.
The Environmental Technical Specifications were revised in June 1978 and subsequently the scheduled July through November samples were not collected. All samples were collected and analyzed in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifi-cations.
As in previous studies, diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community while green algae were of secondary importance. Diatoms collectively comprised from 85.2 to 96.0% of the total phytoplankton abundance, whereas green algae constituted from 3.9 to 9.6% of the community. Other algal divisions represented in low abundance 'ncluded blue-green algae, cryptomonads, yellow-brown algae, and euglenoids.
Total phytoplankton abundance was higher in May (=32000 units /ml) than in June (=18000 units /ml), whereas species composition was similar.
Centric diatoms including Stephanodiscus invistatus, S. hantzschii II-5
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES and Cyclotella meneghiniana and the pennate diatom Asterionella fo rmosa dominated the phytoplankton community in both May and June.
Only minor differences in species composition and abundance eco:rred among locations.
Statistical treatment of phytoplankton data collected since 1974 indicated that the operation of Cooper Nuclear Station has had no measurable effect on phytoplankton abundance and species cc^ position in the Missouri River. Certain phytoplankton taxa were, on occasion, not encountered at all locations due to their low abundance rather than the effects of Station operation.
In preoperational and operational studies, comparisons of phytoplankton populations between locations produced few significant differences (p < 0.05).
These occasional differences have been attributed to natural variability (patchiness) of phytoplankton populations rather than to plant effects.
2.
Zooplankton Duplicate zooplankton samples were collected in May and June 1978 near Cooper Nuclear Station in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications. A change in the specifications in June precluded the collection of samples for the scheduled July through November sampling period. Statistical comparison of zooplankton densities observed at one upstream and two downstream locations indicated that Station operation did not alter the Missouri River zooplankton community. Species composition and abundances at the upstream location were similar to those at the downstream locations.
Thirty-five zooplankton taxa were collected from the Missouri River in the vicinity of Cooper Nuclear Station, including 6 Rotifera, 16 Copepoda, and 13 Cladocera taxa.
Abundant ta xa (>10%) included calanoid II-6
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES copepodites, Erachionus spp., Conochilus spp., cyclopoid copepodites, and Daphnia spp. (immature).
Species composition of the Missouri River zooplankton community was similar in May and June.
Operational studies conducted since 1974 have indicated that Cooper Nuclear Station has had no effect on zooplankton composition, abundance, or distribution in the Missouri River.
3.
Periphyton The effects of fifth year operation of Cooper Nuclear Station on downstream periphytic communities in the Missouri River were studied f rom June through November 1978. Samples were collected from one upstream and three downstream locations ot 26 June, 15 August, 19 September, 20 October, and 20 November 1978. No samples were collected in July because of high water levels. Species and biovolume composition and biomass production were determined for each location and sampling date in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications. In addition to the requirements of the technical specifications samples were collected from the discharge canal and analyzed for species and biovolume composition.
Only 51 periphytic algal taxa were identified in 1978 compared to annual totals-of 81 to 181 taxa during previous studies. A decrease in the number of diatom taxa accounted for most of the reduction.
This decline was not related to plant operation as it occurred at all sampling locations.
Diatoms continued to be the most abundant algal division in the periphyton of the Missouri River averaging 50.1% of the density and 55.4%
of the biovolume of periphyton collected at each location on each sampling date in 1978. Green algae averaged 14.5% and 28.6% of the density and II-7
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES biovolume, respectively; whereas blue-green algae averaged 32.7% of the density and 14.1% of the biovolume of periphyton collected at each location on each sampling date.
The mean density and biovolume for diatoms, green algae, and blue-green algae were all within ranges reported during previous studies.
Dominant taxa in 1978 were among the group that have been dominant in previous years. Navicula tripunctata var. schizonemoides was the most common alga based on abundance and frequenc, of dominance. Only in September 1978, as in 1977, was this alga not common. Navicula luzonensis replaced N.
tripunctata var. schizonemoides in the discharge canal during August, September, and October.
In 1976 and 1977, this diatom was dominant in the discharge canal in July and August. Navicula luzonensis was rare at all sampling locations in 1978 except the discharge canal and RM S32.
Low biomass production was recorded at all locations in June and August 1978 as in 1977. Ilowever, values were within previously recorded ranges during the remainder of the year.
The shift in species composition (N. tripunctata var.
schizonemoides to N.
luzonensis) in the discharge canal and immediately down-stream during midsummer has been the only noted effect that the Station's thermal effluent has had on the periphytic algal community. Navicula luzonensis is not considered a nuisance taxon and therefore this shift in species composition is not considered an adverse impact.
4.
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates and Benthic Organisms In accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications Missouri River benthic and aufwuchs communities near Cooper Nuclear Station were sampled at four locations on 26 June, 15 August, and 10 October 1978. A total II-8
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES of 91 taxa was reported during the 1978 sampling season. Ponar collections contained 59 taxa, whereas the multiple-plate samplers included 62 taxa.
The densities of benthic organisms at each location in 1978 were generally within the ranges of those recorded in previous monitoring years. Densities ranged from 359 organisms /m2 RM 530 in October and RM 528 at in August to 5979/m2 at RM 528 in June.
The number of benthic taxa collected at each location ranged from 2 to 23.
Diversity indices varied from 1.64 at RM 532 in August to 3.22 at RM 530 in June.
Immature Tubificidae without capilliform chaetae, Limnodrilus cervix, and L. hoffmeisteri were the most common taxa encountered in the benthos throughout the year.
Species composition of the aufwuchs community in 1978 was similar to that recorded during previous years. Densities on the artificial substrates ranged f rom 1165 organisms /m at RM 534 in June to 51960/m2 2
at RM 532 in October. Species diversity indices were similar among locations during each sampling period and ranged from 1.46 in June to 3.31 in October. As in previous years, Hydropsyche sp. and Rheotanytarsus sp. were the most abundant taxa on the multiple-plate samplers throughout the monitoring yeer.
The absence of upstream to downstream trends in aufwuchs and benthos data indicate that the heated water from Cooper Nuclear Station has not adversely affected the aquatic macroinvertebrate populations in the Missouri River.
5.
Fisheries Study Fish were sampled monthly from May through November 1978 in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications. Electrosnocking and seining were conducted near shore at sampling locations above and below the Station and on both sides of the Missouri River. High river flow prevented II-9
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES the collection of samples by seining in July and August. Data collected included identification, numbers, lengths, and weights of each fish species collected.
In addition, scales and stomachs were taken to establish age distribution and feeding habits of selected game fish.
Selected individuals of various species were also tagged and released to study their movements.
Species compc.ition in the 1978 electroshocking catch was similar to that recorded in preoperational and prior operational studies.
The predominant species (gizzard shad, carp, river carpsucker, and goldeye) collectively comprised 77% of the total catch compared to 71 to 85% during previous studies. Average catch per unit of effort (CPE) in 1978 was 23 which was lower than in previous years when CPE ranged from 33 to 50.
The low CPE in 1978 was primarily attributed to high river levels which decreased sampling efficiency.
In addition, CPE for river carpsucker averaged 3.2 in 1978 compared to approximately 10 in previous years. The CPE in 1978 of other predominant species was similar to that reported in previous years.
Species composition in the 1978 seine haul collections was similar to that in previous studies while total catch was relatively low.
River shiner, red shiner, and emerald shiner were the most abundant species collected.
Young-of-the-year game fish collectively comprised 4% of the total seine haul catch.
Rainbow smelt was the only species collected in 1978 that had not been collected in previous studies. The relatively low catch in 1978 is attributable to high river level which reduced sampling ef ficiency.
Excluding the discharge canal, spacial distribution of fish in the Miscouri River has been unaffected by Station operation. Young-of-the-year gizzard shad have been attracted to the discharge canal in late summer and fall. Total CPE was highest in the discharge canal during the cooler 1I-10
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SC!CNCES months. Avoidance of the discharge canal during midsummer was not noted in 1978. Movements of tagged fish indicated that Station operation had no noticeable ef fect on fish distribution.
Age composition, average size, and food habits of selected game fish in 1978 were similar to those recorded in preoperational and prior operational studies. Data from these studies indicate that the heated water discharge from Cooper Nuclear Station has not adversely affected fish populations in the Missouri River.
6.
Fish Larvae Distribution Weekly fish larvae distribution camples were collected near Cooper Nuclear Station from 13 April through 17 August 1978. Vertically integrated namples were collected at three locations along a transect irmediately upstream of the Station's intake structure. Approximately equal volumes of water were filtered from the bottom, mid-depth, and surface of the wr.ter column for each integrated sample. Data obtained from these samples were used to deteruir.e the percentage of the total larval assemblage passing the Station that were entrained.
As in previous studies freshwater drum dominated the Missouri River fish larvae assemblage comprising 60% of the total larvae collected.
Catostomidae (suckers) and Cyprinidae (minnows) were of secondary importance and collectively comprised 23% of the total.
Variations in density of freshwater drum larvae were primarily responsible for seasonal changes in larval abundance.
Total larvae density increased from 0/100 m3 (13 April) to 170/100 m3 (6 July) and decreased to 1/100 m3 in mid-August.
Larval fish densities tended to be higher along both the Nebraska and Missouri shorelines than in mid-channel. Based on the horizontal 11-11
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES distribution of fish larvae, percent cooling water diversion, and channel configuration, an estimated 4.4% of the larvae passing the Station were entrained.
4.1.1.2 Plant Cooling Water Systems Fish Entrapment Limits Samples of fish impinged on the traveling screens were collected in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications. Hourly sampling was conducted at a minimum of twice per month with the July, August, and September collections being performed during hours of darkness.
Results of the 1978 impingement study are summarized in Table 1.
A total of 264 fish was collected during 26 hourly collection periods. Gizzard shad and freshwater drum were the most abundant fish impinged and they collectively comprised 72.3% of the total.
Excluding f reshwater drum, game fish comprised 8% of the total and were impinged at a rate of less than 1 fish /hr.
As in previous years peak impingement rates coincided with occurrence of young-of-the-year gizzard shad and freshwater drum.
Excluding these two species, impingement rates were relatively uniform throughout the 12-month study period. Peak impingement of 52 fish /hr occurred on 3 August 1978 which is below the 90 fish /hr limit as stated in the Environmental Technical Specifications.
4.1.1.3 Monitoring of the Effect of the Cooling Water System on Plankton Organisms A.
Zooplankton Survival This study was designed to assess the effects of operation of Cooper Nuclear Station on the viability of the Missouri River zooplankton community. Monthly samples were collected from January through June 1978 in compliance with the Environmental Technical Specifications te determine immediate (0 hr) and delayed (4 hr) effects of condenser passage. Sampling II-12
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES was not conducted in April when the Station was shut down for refueling.
Cooper Nuclear Station was operating at 71 to 94% of rated turbine capacity during the entrainment study. Temperature elevations (AT) across the condenser system ranged from 8.7C (15.7F) in June to 19.4C (34.9F) in February, whereas AT values at the downstream edge of the mixing zone exceedri 3.0C (5.4F) only in January when a value of 3.6C (6.5F) was recorded.
Entrainment losses measured immediately following condenser passage (0 hr) ranged f rom 0.0 to 12. 3% and averaged 2.6%.
Increased zooplankton mortality observed 4 hr af ter condenser passage ranged from 0.0 to 7.2% with a mean of 2.5%.
Differential immotilities and mortalities for the copepods averaged 1.7 and 1.1%, respectively, while averages for cladocerans were 9.3 and 12.1%, respectively. Data collected from the down-stream edge of the mixing zone showed no discernible ef fects of thermal plume entrainment on zooplankton viability.
Based on homogeneous distribution of zooplankton in the Missouri River and percent of river flow diverted for cooling, the total effect of condenser passage on the viability of the zooplankton community was <0.2%.
B.
Phytoplankton Viability The effects of condenser passage and entrainment on phytoplankton viability were studied monthly, excluding April, from January through June 1978. Phytoplankton species composition and abundance, rates of carbon fixation, and chlorophyll a concentrations were determined over a 72 hr holding period f' samples collected and analyzed in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifications.
II-13
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES At the time of collection Cooper Nuclear Station was operating from 64 to 82% turbine capacity which resulted in discharge temperatures ranging frcm 7.2C (13.0F) to 19.8C (35.6F) above ambient.
The highest absolute discharge temperature (29.5C [85.lF)) occurred during the June collection period.
Phytoplankton species composition and abundance varied among sampling periods but showed only slight spacial differences. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community at the time of collection with species composition remaining relctively unchanged throughout the 72 hr holding period. Phyto-plankton abundance generally increased with duration of sample storage with densities remaining similar among intake and discharge samples.
Phytoplankton subjected to condenser passage initially (7 hr after collection) averaged 10% inhibition of carbon fixation rate at the discharge location with a corresponding 2% reduction in chlorophyll a,concen-tration. Effects on carbon fixation rate indicated slight stimulation from January through March and slight to moderate inhibition in May (3%) and June (19%). This is consistent with the results of previous studies which have shown a trend towards stimulation during the cooler months and inhibition during the warmer summer months.
Inhibition during the summer months appears to be related to high absolute discharge temperature. Delayed effects of condenser passage (72 hr after callection) did not demonstrate a seasonal pattern and averaged 7% inhibition of carbon fixation rate and 1% inhibition of chlorophyll a concentration.
Samples collected at the downstream edge of the mixing zone and at the intake were similar in species composition and abundance, rate of carbon fixation, and chlorophyll a concentration. These results indicate II-14
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES entrainment of phytoplankton in the thermal plume had little or no effect on the Missouri River phytoplankton community.
The relatively minor differences between intake and discharge samples and the absence of a downstream effect indicate the operation of Cooper Nuclear Station has not had a deleterious effect on the Missouri River phytoplankton community.
4.2 CHEMICAL See Section 4.1.1.1.
4.3 PHYSICAL 4.3.1 AQUATIC Thermal Plume Mapping Thermal plume surveys were conducted in March and monthly from May through December 1978 in accordance with the Environmental Technical Specifi-cations. Surveys were not conducted in January and February because of unfavorable ice conditions and in April because of Station shutdown. Monthly summaries of thermal plume characteristics pertinent to the mixing zone criteria are presented in Tables 2-10.
The 1978 thermal plume surveys were conducted at relatively high power levels (72-97% turbine capacity) and, excluding December, under unusually high river flow conditions (>50000 cfs). River flow in December (31800 cfs) was also above average for winter conditions. High operating levels resulted in increases in temperature across the condensers ranging from 6.9C (12.4F) in September to 19.1C (34.4F) in December while absolute discharge temperature ranged from 19.6C (67.3F) in May and December to 34.lc (93.4F) in June.
As in previous years the mixing zone criterion for centerline distance, as stated in the Environmental Technical Specifications, was not II-15
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES exceeded during any of the plume surveys. The maximum downstream extent of the SF isotherm during summer months (May through October) and the 10F isotherm during winter months (November through March) was 1092 ft.
The 44 thermal plume surveys conducted since 1974 have all been within the 7500 f t allowable mixing zone. The maximum width of the SF isotherm in summer and 10F isotherm in winter was always less than the allowable one-third of the river's width.
11-16
Table 1.
Monthly summary of number of fish impinged at Cooper Nuclear Station, January through December 1978.
Month Percent Taxon Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Number of Total Cizzard shad 2
38 53 12 8
9 3
125 47.3 Goldeye 1
1 1
3 1.1 Carp 1
1 1
1 1
3 3
2 4
17 6.4 7
Unidentified minnow 1
3 18 7
29 11.0 p
River carpsucker 2
2 0.8 N
Bigmouth buffalo 1
1 0.4 m
Black bullhead 1
1 2
0.8 4
h Flathead catfish 1
1 0.4 Channel catfish 1
2 1
1 5
1.9 m
Unidentified catfish 1
1 1
3 1.1 z
White bass 1
1 2
0.8 Bluegill 1
1 0.4 Dj Z
Larcymuth bass 1
1 2
0.8
,8.
Crtpple (Pomoxis spp.)
1 1
1 3
1.1 g
Unidentified sunfish 1
1 0.4 m
Sauger 1
1 0.4 Freshwater drum 3
12 13 24 14 66 25.0 p
r Total 2
2 5
6 5
4 49 70 28 34 44 15 264 m
No. of hourly collections 2
2 3
2 2
2 2
3 2
2 2
2 26 9
}
Mean no. per hour 1.0 1.0 1.7 3.0 2.5 2.0 24.5 23.3 14.0 17.0 22.0 7.5 10.2 Om Ul
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Table 3.
Su=ary of Station operating conditions and thermal plume characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 8 May 1978.
Station operating lecel 73
' power River discharge volur.e 50000 cfs Ambient temperature 11.4 C
Station diccharge volume 1_0 1 cis Absolute discharge temperature 19.6 C
Percent cooling water di>ersion 2.2 Initial LT 8.2 C
7>
hm
-40 Z
m Z
5 Surface Area Percent of D
Excess Temperature Centerline Distance b'ithin Isotherm Cross-Sectional Area g
Isotherm (ft)
(acres)
(%)
g m
7.8 (14F) 308 0.9 9
Z 5.6 (10F) 455 1.3 9
2.8
( 5F) 1092 2.2 9
r 1.7
( 3F) 2323 4.5 9
m 9m Znm G
yDNrm40Z mZ5D gm2hrm0mZnmW ta de a
t C
e c
r u
A dn 1
l f a o
4 c
3 ono 4565 y
t i) 1 11 1 e
e nt %
v C r ec(
r u
ce u
t rS s
a e -
1 r
P s e
e s
h 5
p o
2 m
r t
e C
r t C o
e f
r e ug s
t r c
aa0 i
rh t
ec9 s
ps i
mi r
edT m
e t
i r
t e
a e c
t t l eh) a nua rt s r
el i A oe a
i ot sr 622 1
h b si eI c c
mb n c
a 0125 AAI an(
e f i m
rh u
ut l
Si p
W l
amre h
t e
d c
n n
a a
t s6 s
n7 r
i o9 e
D) i1 w
6 t
t o
ef 72 1 2 i e pss2 n(
5 21 2 d n f f i
2402 nu
% cc l
1 2 oJ n
r c
C o
e 7
0 5
i t
g2 0
4 s
n n
2 0
1 r
e i
9 e
C t n 5
v ao 5
ei r
l md e n ee u p o v ml r oi e uore t
l l vt na o
a e
ot gvew r
) ) ) )
iS n
g u
FFFF t
i er g t
60S 3 a r t ga n an 1 1
( (
(
(
t a arhi r r S e r acl ee l
eh s o ph f c p ci o mt ou osd c eo N
i T s 4y nd nt I
r r o
on s
eae i ri e s
l mp t et c e
9687 bmo ava r c
auo t i t e x
l 7E
Table 5 Summary of Station operating conditions and thermal plume characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 25 July 1978.
Station operating level 94
% power River discharge volume 70100 cfs Ambient temperature 24.1 C
Station discharge volume 1450 cfs Absolute discharge temperature 32.9 C f
Percent cooling water diversion 2.1 Initial AT 8.8 C Pm
-40 Z
m Z
m 7
Surface Area Percent of 0
U Excess Temperature Centerline Distance Within Isotherm Cross-Sectional Area Z
Isotherm (ft)
(acres)
(%)
Z 8.9C (16F) 139 0.1 2
g r
8.3C (15F) 205 0.5 16 m
9 5.6C (10F) 360 1.0 18 m
Zn 2.8C (SF) 648 1.8 19 mm 1.1C (2F) 2372 6.3 18
- This value is the initial ambient temperature as a changing ambient was observed during the study.
ID m40Z mZ 3 gm2 Dr mOgZ0mW ta de a
t C
e c
r 4
u A
d 2
n 3
l o
f a c
ono 7
9 3
9 9
y t i) 1 1
1 e
e nt%
v C r ec(
r u
c e u
t rS s
a e -
7
. r P s e
4 e
s h
p o
2 t
m r
e C
r t C o
e f
r e ug7 s
t r c
aa7 i
rh t
ec s
ps i
mi r
edT m
e t
A r
t e
ae c
t t l eh) a nua rt s r
el i A oe a
i ot sr 1
8 2
7 5
h b si eI c c
mb n c
a 0
0 1
1 6
AAI an(
e f i m
rh u
ut l
Si p
W l
a mre h
t e
d c
n n
a a
8 t
s7 s
n9 r
5 i
o1 e
D) 0 7
1 3
8 i
w 2
t 2
0 7
7 6
t t o
ef 1
3 4
7 2
i s pss n(
2 d u ff i
ng
% cc l
ou n
r cA 0
o e
0 5
i t
g0 2
0 4
s n
n3 8
8 1
r e
i 8
e C
t n 5
v ao ei r
l md e n ee u po vml r oi euoe t
l l vt na o
a e
ot gvew r
iS n
g u
t i er g t
ar t gan am t a arhi r r
)
)
)
S e r acl ee F
F F
)
)
l eh s o ph 4
2 0
F F
f c p cio mt 1
1 1
S 3
(
(
(
(
(
ou osd c eo N
i T s C
C C
C C
6 y nd nt I
r r o
on s
8 7
6 8
7 eae i ri e s
7 6
5 2
1 cp t et c e
l b n o avar c
a uo t it e x
TSC SRSP E
%h"
Table 7.
Sutmary of Station operating conditions a nd t he rma l p l ume characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 20 September 1978.
Station operating level 70_ % power River discharge volume 67300 cfs Ambient t ecpe ra ture 19,2 C Sta tion discharge volume 1450 cfs Absolute discharge temperature 26.1 C Percent cooling water diversion 2.2 Initial t.T 6.9 C
y Nrm
-40 Z
m Z
5
~[
Surface Area Percent of u
Excess Temperature Centerline Distance Within Isotherm Cross-Sectional Area Z
Isotherm (ft)
(acres)
(%)
g m
6.7C (12F) 191 0.4 11 Z
5.6C (10F) 232 0.7 14 r
W 2.8C (SF) 752 1.6 16 Z
1.7C (3F) 1784 4.6 13 nmW
Table 8.
Su=3ry of Station operating conditions and thermal pluce characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 11 October 1978.
Station operating level 83.8 % power River discharge volume 57800 cfs Ambient tec:pera tu re 15.0 C
Station discharge 'io lu me 1450 cfs Absolute discharge temperature 23. 3 C
Percent cooling water diversion 2.5 Initial AT 8.3 C
7>
Nr-N
-40 Z
m Z
5 Surface Area Percent of D
7 Excess Temperature Centerline Distance Within Isotherm Cruss-Sectional Area Isotherm (ft)
(acres)
(%)
g m
7.8C (14F) 140 0.3 12 2
5.6C (10F) 194 0.6 11 Nr-2.8C (SF) 661 1.1 10 2
2.2C (4F) 1356 1.6 3
9 1.7C (3F) 1980 4.0 13 m
Znmm
a Table 9.
Summary of Station operating conditions and thercal plume characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 8 ?;ovember 1978.
Station operating level 86.1
% power a
River discharge volume 59400 cfs Ambient temperature 11.2 C
Station discharge volume 1089 cfs Absolute discharge temperature 21.5 C
Percent cooling water diversion 1.8 Initial /2T 10.3 C 7
N t~
f5
-40 Z
m Z
5 7
Surface Area Percent of D
5 Excess Temperature Centerline Distance Within Isotherm Cross-Sectional Area Isotherin (ft)
(acres)
(I) g m
10.0C (18F) 160 0.4 13 Z
8.3C (15F) 216 0.7 15 F
5.6C (10F) 252 0.9 16 U2 2.8C (SF) 520 1.6 15 0
2.2C (4F) 1063 2.5 6
1.7C (3F) 1996 4.9 13 nm 03
^ Represents initial ambient as a changing ambient temperature was documented.
Table 10.
Su==ary of Station operating conditions and thermal plume characteristics for the survey conducted at Cooper Nuclear Station on 20 December 1978.
Station operating level 97.4 I power River discharge volume 31800 cfs Ambient temperature 0.5 C
Station discharge volume 706 cfs Absolute discharge temperature 19.6 C Percent cooling water diversion 2.2 Initial AT 19.1 C 7>
Nrm
-4 0
Z m
Z 5
4 Surface Area Pet.ent of D
Excess Temperature Centerline Distance Within Isotherm Cross-Sectional Area Isotherm (ft)
(acres)
(%)
g m
18.9C (34F) 263 0.7 11 Z
16.7C (30F) 353 0.9 11 p
11.1C (20F) 559 1.2 7
F 5.6C (10F) 843 1.4 3
0 h
2.8C (SF) 1851
- 3. 2 10 2.2C (4F) 2194 4.6 10 zam Q