ML19257C536
| ML19257C536 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Marble Hill |
| Issue date: | 01/18/1980 |
| From: | Shields S PSI ENERGY, INC. A/K/A PUBLIC SERVICE CO. OF INDIANA |
| To: | Harold Denton Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8001290359 | |
| Download: ML19257C536 (15) | |
Text
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blE480 00 40 PUBLIC SERVICE INDIANA January 18,1980 S. W. Shields Vice Preskient - Electric System Mr. Harold R. Denton, Director Docket Numbers:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation STN 50-546 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission STN 50-547 Washington, D.C. 20555
Dear Mr. Denton:
As required in Section 4.1.3 of the Final Environmental Statement for the Marble Hill Nuclear Generating Station, PSI has sponsored archaeological surveys at the tower locations for the planned Marble Hill-Columbus transmission line.
At one of the tower locations, an archaeological site designated Site 12]E4 and referred to as McNeil Stone Fort, has been found and evaluated by the Glenn Black Laboratory of Indiana University as having potential eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
The attached National Register nomination forms prepared by the Glenn Black Lab-oratory provides details concerning the site. These forms have been forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) for review. It is my understanding that the SHPO will comment to the NRC by about mid-February 1980 with regards to its eligibility for the NRHP.
At that time, the NRC should forward the nomination to the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) for final determination. If the site is accepted to the National Register, the ACHP will require that the sito either be preserved or that an acceptable mitigation plan be prepared to minimize the impact of the tower on the site.
PSI is in process of evaluating Jternatives available to placement of the tower at this location. Unfortunately, this tower is situated on a narrow ridge approximately 60 feet high and it is impossible to move the tower either direction along the transmission line without considerable additional cost and without impacting nearby farmland. On the other hand, we are considering a construction plan that would require thorough mitigation of only part of the site and preservation of the remainder. This construction plan has met with preliminary approval by the archaeologists.
8 182@242 00 @t \
so0129o M 7 1000 East Main Street, Plainfield, Indiana 46168 317. 839 .9611
Mr. Harold R. Denton, Director January 18, 1980 Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555 If this site is determined eligible for the National Register, PSI would be prepared to provide engineering and cost justification for the construction plan described above.
Your prompt attention to expediting this National Register application through proper channels would be appreciated.
Si rely,
,WM
,S. W. Shields Vice President-Electric System ADP:bba Attachment cc: Indiana Dept. of Natural Resources (SHPO)
Glenn Black Laboratory
~
182 243
Fo<m No 10 300 (Rev 10 74)
U NITED STATES DEPA RTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETENATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS ENAME HISTORIC McNeil Stone Fort Archaeological Site (12 Je 4)
ANO/OR COMMON ELOCATION STREET & NUMBER DiXenford Road _NOT FOR PUGUCATION QTY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL QiSTRICT Deputy _IviCINITYOF STATE CODE COU Nn CODE TmHana 018 Jefferson G77 ECLASSIFICATION CATE GORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE
_ DISTRICT _PUSUC _OCCU PtEO E,AGR V LTU RE
- _M U SE U M
_8UILotNGIS) X_ PRIVATE UNCCCUPIED _COM 4 ER CA L _ PARK STRUCTU R E _80TH _ WORK IN PROGRESS _EDU CATION AL _ PRIVATE RESIDENCE
- 1. SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE _ ENTER.Lin .WT _R EUGIOU S
_O BJ E CT _.JN PROCELS _YES. RESTRICTED _GCVE RNM E NT _SCENTIF#C
_8EING CONSIDERED _YE S. U NR ESTRICTED _IN DU STRIAL _.TRAN SPO R TATIO N INO _MlUTARY _OTHER-EOWNER OF PROPERTY NAME McNeil STREET & NUMBER ggg ggf "7 *N Deputy
_X VIGNITY OF Ind b QLOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE.
REGISTRY OF OEEDSETC. Jefferson County Courthouse STREET & NUMBER Q TY. TOW N STATE Madison Indiana E REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Glenn A. Black Laboratory of. Archaeology Survey Files OATE 1875, 1973, 1979 _JEDERAL 1 STATE _COU NTY _ LOCAL QE POSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORoS Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology On. Town Bloomington 7"A E _
E DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE
_ EXCELLENT _ DETERIORATED _UNALTE REO .doRIGINAL SITE
_Gooo ERUINS bLTEREO MOVED DATE JAIR _UNEXPoSEO DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAt. APPEARANCE The McNeil Stone Fort (12 Je 4) archaeological site is located on a narrow ridge spur tuat extends into the bottomlands of Graham and Big creeks i= mediately west of their confluence. Cultural debris in the form of flint debitage, cracked stone, and occasional artifacts are present in heavy concentrations over an approximate 24 acre area and two " walls" constructed of limestone are reported to have partially enclosed 10-12 acres of the whole at one time. Also, two stone burial mounds have been identified.
The earliest known reference to the site is that of E. T. Cox, a geologist, who published a brief description in 1874 He states that the fortified area ". . . is protected on the north and south sides by a natural wall of Niagra and Corniferous
[Jef fersonville and North Vernon] limestone, from sixty-five to eighty feet high.
Across the- narrow neck of the spur,- on- the east end, there was an artifical-wall of stone four hundred and twenty five feet
- long. The latter was curved so as to protect all points not naturally- guarded by' the mural walls with which it was connected" (1875:22).
Only a few " foundation stones" remained at the time:of Cox's visit; most had been removed for use in' the construction ~ of houses, chimneys,' etc. The map prepared by Cox locates the two stone structures and outbuildings present on the spur in 1874 and is included in support of this nomination.
Surface reconnaissance investigations in 1973 and 1979 (Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology Survey Files, Harrell 1979, Richardson and Smith 1979), while documenting the wide dispersal of surface prehistorie material cited above and noting the high limestone bluff lines that isolate the spur, failed to observe any evidence for the artificial walls.
In order to establish site signiff :ance, limited test excavation was accomplished in the region of a planned electrical p aver transmission tower (#1024) in the central portion of the nominated area. >Two probable low mortuary mounds constructed of limestone slabs wereitdentified.. Stone Mound 1 is approximately 25 feet in diameter, one foot in height, and is .slightly ovoid in. ground plan. It contained burned and unburned animal bone, carbonized plant remains, potsherds, and lithic debris. Human bone fragments and a human tooth were also recovered. Stone Mound 2 is about 15 feet in diameter ard .25 feet in-height; it is circular in shape. Mound content parallels that in Stone Mound 1, excepting that an articulated human skeleton was noted in a centret mound feature. Both mounds are apparently undisturbed and test excavations were terminated immediately upon determining the nature of the contexts.
Additionally tests in the same general area indicate that in, situ subsurface cultural deposits are pre.sent.
Artifacts recovered from the surface and the subsurface tests suggest two major periods of occupancy. Late Archaic (2500 B.C. - 1500 B.C.) is represented by Matanzas and Adena projectile points. The stone mounds and ceramics probably date to a late Middle Woodland-Late Woodland interval (A.D. 300 - A.D. 1000) and may also reflect activities of the builders of the enclosure (see Faulkner 1971; Kellar 1960).
Various modern intrusions have altered portions of the prehistoric context. The westernmost sector is under cultivation and farmlot grading and excavation for a small pond have modified that portion of the site. A narrow access road has been created along the southern margin of the central sector, but apart from this intrusion, the area is in forest and brush and it appears never to have been cultivated. A railroad cut differentiates this from the cultivated eastern sector.
e
- =e- - - 8
...-muum--= =
E SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD AREAS OF SIGN:FICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW 1.P R E HISTO RIC 1 ARCHEULUGY PREHISTORIC _ COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANOSCAPE ARCHsTECTURE _R E L'GiO N 1400-1499 _. ARCHEOLOGY MISTCRf C _ CONSERVATION _ LAW _SC;ENCE
_ 1500 1599 _A G RICU LTU R E _ ECONOMICS _ UTER A TU R E _SCU LPTU R E
~ 1600- 1699 _A R CHI TE CTU R E EDU CATION _MiuTARY SOCI A L, HU M A NITARI A N
_ 1700-1799 _ ART _ ENGINEERING _MU SIC _ THEATER
_ 1800 1899 _COM M ERCE EXPLOR ATIO N, S ETTLEM E NT _PMILOSOPHY ,_TR A N S PO R TA TIO N
_1900- _COM M U NICA TIO N S _iNOUSTRY POUTICS GOVERNMENT OTH E R iSPEC:FY)
_I NV E N TIO N SPECIFIC DATES BUILD ER/ ARCHITECT STATEM ENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The McNeil Stone Fort (12 Je 4) is one of only four arch:1eological sites in southern Indiana known to have been ." fortified" by stone valled enclosures and it is the- single example that has been clearly demonstrated to contain-undisturbed cultural deposits. The' others are located in the Ohio Valley proper and have been mutilated by vandalism and-modern intrusions (Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology survey files). The -
significance of the site then, resides-in the real possibility of identifying the -
enclosure's builders and determining its function through an analysis of the existing stone mounds and extensive occupational deposits. Aerial photographs suggest it may also be possible to relocate at least a portion of the westernmost wall. This potential is enhanced by the fact that the stone mound area appears never to have been cultivated or disturbed by vandalism.
Although a number of hilltop enclosures are recorded in the southeastern United States, most have been destroyed or, if excavation was attempted, few have produced the requisite data to suggest the ti=e of the building or their use (Franke 1964; Faulkner 1971). As a consequence, there remains considerable conjecture concerning their cultural significance and some investigators have viewed them as a variety of " ceremonial" center and others have posited a military function (Faulkner 1971; Kellar 1960; Prufer 1964).
Therefore, the McNeil Stone Fort and the directly associated stone mounds. and occupational debris have a substantial significance for approaching problems that extend beyond the local area.
At yet another level the undisturbed occupational deposits provide additional opportunities for cultural analysis. While it seems apparent that at least two occupational interludes are present (Late Archaic and Late Middle Woodland-Late Woodland) and it is not possible at this juncture to positively relate the enclosure to one or the other, the resources present have the potential for enlarging knowledge of the prehistoric past apart from the broader context noted above. Portions of the Late Archaic assemblage occurs in pristine contexts and are relevant to the ongoing studies of the subsistance-settlement patterns, technology, and intra-site variability at this time level.
The somewhat later stone mounds and human burial remains contribute to an under-standing of prehistoric mortuary practices. The floral and faunal evidence occuring in the same context are of consequence for reconstructing diet, subsistence activities, and broadly, the nature of the human adaptation to the natural environment of the area.
In sum the McNeil Stone Fort archaeological site exhibits a complexity of cultural features that are significant by reason of the potential for approaching a number of relevant research problems. Few sites preserve so many facets of prehistoric activity in a single location.
i82p246
EMAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Cox, E. T. (1875) Antiquities, Sixth Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Indiana, Made During the Year 1874, pp. 32-34. Indianapolis.
Culbertson, Glenn (n.d.) Prehistoric Mau in Jefferson Co., Indiana. Manuscript, Letter Files, Indiana Historical Bureau.
(1916) Geology and National Resources of Jefferson County, Fortieth Annual Report 10 GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ACREAGE OF NOMIN ATED PROPERTY 00 UTM REFERENCES Al116 l l411i615 v3 t0l 14.219,6I8,4 0l B {.l.L6] I Al l ,61 s e 4,01 4 ?! Qi Al Ai 0 O!
ZO N E EASTIN G NORTHING ZONE EASTING NORTHING C 1,6 l l 6l1,7 l 3,0,0l l 4,2l 9,6l 9, 2: 01 Dlli 6l b lli7l3t3,0! 14:219,6l7i6t0l VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION The north, south and west boundaries of the McNeil Stone Fort archaeological site are formed by the 570 f t. contour and correspond with the lower portions of talus formed at the base of the ridge spur. The westerttboundary is not well, defined at this time, but og the basis of known distributions of prehistoric cultural debris is suggested to occur in: mediately west of the McNeil farm barus. .
LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE CODE COU NTY COOE STATE CODE COUNTY CODE 11 FORM PREPARED BY .
NAME / TITLE Cheryl Ann Munson, Staff Archaeologist
. John W. Richardson, Graduate Assistant "G^"'*' "Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology ^
ina42n. tin 4 v.n 4 ,, November 20, 1979 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE 9th & Fess Streets 812-337-9544 CITY OR TOWN , STATE ,
Bloomington Indiana 15 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS.
N ATION AL _ STATE 'OCAL L
As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historc Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665). I hereby norriinate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE i- } Q Mf c )/7
. v u .g 1 i TITLE DATE I FOR NPS USE ONLY ,
I HEREBY CERTIFY TH ATTHIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED If4 THE NATIONAL REGISTER - _ _
DATE OIRECTOR,OFFICEOF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION ATTEST: DATE KEEPER OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER GPC 488 445
Form No 1D-300a (Aev 10 74)
U NITED STATES DEP ARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY N ATION AL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
' ^'""'
INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM CONTINU ATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE Major Bibliographical References 9 4 of Department of Geology and Natural Resources: Indiana - 1915, p. 238. Fort Wayne.
Faulkner, Charles H. (1971) The Old Stone Fort: Exploring a_n Archaeological Mystery.
University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.
Franke, Nick (1964) The Function of Hilltoo Enclosures and Walls of the Eastern United States. M.S. Thesis, Indiana University Harrell, Glenn P. (1979) A Phase I Assessment of Archaeolostical Resources _in the Marble Hill-Columbus Transmission Line Route. Prepared for Public Service Indiana. Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana University.
Lilly, Eli (1937) Prehistoric Anticulties g Indiana. Indiana Historical Society, Indianapolis.
Kallar, James H. (1960) The C. L. Lewis Stone Mound and the Stone Mound Problem.
Indiana Historical Society, Prehistoric Research Series, Vol. 3, No. 4.
Indianapolis.
Richardson, John W. and Edward E. Smith (1979) Archaeological Investigations along the Transmission Line Route from Marble Hill to Columbus, Indiana. Prepared for Pubic Service Indiana. Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana University.
IB2W248
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Form No 10-301 1 U NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATION AL PARK SERVICE . i RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM OATE ENTERED SEE lNSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NA TIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- ENCLOSE WITH M AP NAME HISTORIC McNeil Stone Fort Archaeological Site (12 Je 4)
AND/CR COMMON LZ LOCATION cTY. Tow s -X- ,VicNITY op Deputy COU NTY Jefferson $
Indiana B MAP REFERENCE sounCs USGS Topographic Map. Deputy, Indiana Quadrangic SCA LE 1:24000 DATE 1960 Q REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUCED ON ALL M APS
- 1. PROPERTY BOUNDARIES '
- 2. NORTH ARROW I 3. UTM REFERENCES j,
INT: 34s4 73 1827249
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Form No 10-301 i j ipw 10-7R U NITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NP3 USE ONLY , NATIONAL PARK SERVICE . RECEIVED NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES 1 PROPERTY MAP FORM OATE UNTERED SEE INSTRUCT lONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NA TIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- ENCLOSE WITH M AP E]NAME HISTORIC McNeil Stone Fort Archaeological Site (12 Je 4) ANO/OR COMMON E LOCATION oTY, TOWee Deputy - _VloNITY OF COUNTY Jef f ersca STATE Indiana
' @ MAP REFERENCE source Richardson, John W. and Edward E. Smith (1979) Archaeological Investigations along the Transmission Line Route from Marble Hill _t_o, o Columbus, Indiana. Prepared for scA LE Public Service Indiana. GleneA. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana Univ.
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Form No 10-301 (R ev 10 744 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FOR NPS USE ONLY NATION AL PARK SERVICE - RECEIVED - NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES - PROPERTY MAP FORM DATE ENTERED SEE lNSTRUCTlONS lN HOW TO COMPLETE NA TIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- ENCLOSE WITH M AP E NAME Hl$TCRIC McNeil Stons Fort Archaeological Site (12 Je 4) AND. OR cOMVON E LOCATION o Tv. TOWN _E_.VICmTY 07 county Jefferson STATE Indiana Deputy E MAP REFERENCE sOuacs Cox, E. T. (1875) Sixth Annual Reoort of the Geolocical Survey of Indiana, Made During the Year 1874 Fig. 6., p. 33. Indianapolis. scats not to scale oars 1874 Q REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL M APS
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@ LOCATION c Tv. Tow" Deputy -1 vicisiTv os STATE Indiana coVNTYJef f erSo!
] PHOTO REFERENCE oATE cF photo Auguse,1979 Psoro cnEoiT John W. Richardson NEGATivt FILED AT Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana University, Bloonington, Indiana, d IDENTIFICATION oESCRIBE VIEW.'DI.1ECTioN. ETC IF DISTRICT GIVE SUllolNG NAME & STREET photo No.
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]NAME McNeil Stone Fort Archaeological Site (12 Je 4) siSToRic AND/CR COMMON
@ LOCATION c TY. Town Deputy _I_VICINITYoF Indiana STATE Jef ferson COUNTY m
3 PHOTO REFERENCE PMoTo CREoif John W. Richardson DATE oF photo August, 1979 NEGATIVE FILED AT Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana University, Bloonington, Indiana. 3 IDENTIFICATION Cf LCRISE VIEW. DinECTION. ETC lF 0l STRICT.GlVE BUILDING NAME & STREET photo No. View of undisturbed habitation area. Looking west. ny et pyg a 1829 256 _.T..
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